Belongs to the archaeal rpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. EngB GTPase family.
Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase type 1 subfamily.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val).
Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. EngA (Der) GTPase family.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family.
Molecular chaperone that promotes the maturation, structural maintenance and proper regulation of specific target proteins involved for instance in cell cycle control and signal transduction. Undergoes a functional cycle that is linked to its ATPase activity. This cycle probably induces conformational changes in the client proteins, thereby causing their activation. Interacts dynamically with various co-chaperones that modulate its substrate recognition, ATPase cycle and chaperone function (By similarity).
The TPR repeat-binding motif mediates interaction with TPR repeat-containing proteins.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. Class II DHOase subfamily.
Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack independent of vesicle origin.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family.
Part of the multisubunit transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. MenG/UbiE family.
Component of a multi-subunit COQ enzyme complex.
Methyltransferase required for the conversion of 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DDMQH2) to 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2).
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL27 family.
Belongs to the TtcA family. CTU1/NCS6/ATPBD3 subfamily.
Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Directly binds tRNAs and probably acts by catalyzing adenylation of tRNAs, an intermediate required for 2-thiolation. It is unclear whether it acts as a sulfurtransferase that transfers sulfur from thiocarboxylated URM1 onto the uridine of tRNAs at wobble position.
Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL6 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. SPB1 subfamily.
Probable methyltransferase involved in the maturation of rRNA and in the biogenesis of ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL29 family.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that mediates RNA cap1 2'-O-ribose methylation to the 5'-cap structure of RNAs. Methylates the ribose of the first nucleotide of a m(7)GpppG-capped mRNA to produce m(7)GpppNmp (cap1).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the cytosolic Fe-S scaffold complex. Electrons are transferred from NADPH via a FAD- and FMN-containing diflavin oxidoreductase. Together with the diflavin oxidoreductase, also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit.
The C-terminal domain binds 2 Fe-S clusters but is otherwise mostly in an intrinsically disordered conformation.
The N-terminal domain has structural similarity with S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, but does not bind S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is required for correct assembly of the 2 Fe-S clusters.
The twin Cx2C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial MIA40-ERV1 disulfide relay system. The formation of 2 disulfide bonds in the Cx2C motifs through dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions effectively traps the protein in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL9 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. LCMT family.
Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
Belongs to the ubiquitin conjugation factor E4 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.
Belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome.
Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins.
Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
Belongs to the replication factor A protein 1 family.
Belongs to the cAMP-dependent kinase regulatory chain family.
Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery.
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family.
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins.
Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Spinster (TC 2.A.1.49) family.
Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB, generating the first membrane-bound Q intermediate.
Belongs to the lariat debranching enzyme family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.
Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.
Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. BSU subfamily.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL28 family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
Belongs to the RNase HII family. Eukaryotic subfamily.
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.
Manganese or magnesium. Binds 1 divalent metal ion per monomer in the absence of substrate. May bind a second metal ion after substrate binding.
Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
Essential for pre-mRNA splicing. Implicated in the formation of stable, biologically active snRNP structures.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M41 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. RIO-type Ser/Thr kinase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat PRL1/PRL2 family.
May be involved in the degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
Small GTPase required for proper localization of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Belongs to the helicase family. RAD25/XPB subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase G subunit family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S). Interacts with ribosomal protein S21.
Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the tRNA pseudouridine synthase TruA family.
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Part of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RsmH family.
Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL21 family.
Belongs to the diphthine synthase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that catalyzes four methylations of the modified target histidine residue in translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), to form an intermediate called diphthine methyl ester. The four successive methylation reactions represent the second step of diphthamide biosynthesis.
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine hydroxylase family.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of the N(6)-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine intermediate to form hypusine, an essential post-translational modification only found in mature eIF-5A factor.
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex.
Transfers mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichol monophosphate to form dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) which is the mannosyl donor in pathways leading to N-glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring, and O-mannosylation of proteins.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
Plays a role in U6 snRNP assembly and function. Binds to the 3' end of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase epsilon subunit B family.
Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL11 family.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC2 subfamily.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glycosyltransferase 20 family.
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of some multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
In plastids the minimal PEP RNA polymerase catalytic core is composed of four subunits: alpha, beta, beta', and beta''. When a (nuclear-encoded) sigma factor is associated with the core the holoenzyme is formed, which can initiate transcription.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family.
Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Component of the 60S subunit of the ribosome.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes. Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase.
Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.
Translation factor that promotes translation elongation and termination, particularly upon ribosome stalling at specific amino acid sequence contexts. Binds between the exit (E) and peptidyl (P) site of the ribosome and promotes rescue of stalled ribosome: specifically required for efficient translation of polyproline-containing peptides as well as other motifs that stall the ribosome. Acts as ribosome quality control (RQC) cofactor by joining the RQC complex to facilitate peptidyl transfer during CAT tailing step.
eIF-5A seems to be the only eukaryotic protein to have a hypusine residue which is a post-translational modification of a lysine by the addition of a butylamino group.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit alpha family.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS12 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment. Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity.
Acts as an adapter for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated export of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT) (TC 2.A.20) family.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily.
Belongs to the pyridoxal phosphate-binding protein YggS/PROSC family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL20 family.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
Component of the small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particles containing H/ACA-type snoRNAs (H/ACA snoRNPs).
Required for ribosome biogenesis. Part of a complex which catalyzes pseudouridylation of rRNA. This involves the isomerization of uridine such that the ribose is subsequently attached to C5, instead of the normal N1. Pseudouridine ("psi") residues may serve to stabilize the conformation of rRNAs.
Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.
Binds to proline rich sequences in various regulatory formin-like proteins and also to membrane phospholipids. Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton.
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
Catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to cysteines occuring in specific C-terminal amino acid sequences.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 6 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Folate-biopterin transporter (TC 2.A.71) family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S14 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family.
Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL33 family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo3/eukaryotic RPB3 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the CSN7/EIF3M family. CSN7 subfamily.
Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family.
Probably involved in the biogenesis of the COX complex.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.
Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate.
Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Involved in nucleotide excision repair.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB4 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. NAA40 subfamily.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cGMP subfamily.
Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.
Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.
The active site is a redox-active disulfide bond.
Belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the cytochrome c-type heme lyase family.
Lyase that catalyzes the covalent linking of the heme group to the cytochrome C apoprotein to produce the mature functional cytochrome.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
Supercomplex made of cofactors A to E. Cofactors A and D function by capturing and stabilizing tubulin in a quasi-native conformation. Cofactor E binds to the cofactor D-tubulin complex; interaction with cofactor C then causes the release of tubulin polypeptides that are committed to the native state.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit beta family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S3 family.
Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.
Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S5A family.
Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. VIP1 subfamily.
Bifunctional inositol kinase that acts in concert with the IP6K kinases to synthesize the diphosphate group-containing inositol pyrophosphates diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate, PP-InsP5, and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate, (PP)2-InsP4. PP-InsP5 and (PP)2-InsP4, also respectively called InsP7 and InsP8, may regulate a variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal dynamics, and exocytosis. Phosphorylates inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit.
Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity.
Probably binds two magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the AP endonuclease 2 family.
Belongs to the very long-chain fatty acids dehydratase HACD family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. UbiG/COQ3 family.
O-methyltransferase that catalyzes the 2 O-methylation steps in the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family.
Heterodimer of two subunits, one of which binds GTP.
Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. UNG family.
Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine.
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase NEP1 family.
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. They probably participate in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. May bind an additional third magnesium ion after substrate binding.
Interacts with PCNA. Three molecules of FEN1 bind to one PCNA trimer with each molecule binding to one PCNA monomer. PCNA stimulates the nuclease activity without altering cleavage specificity.
Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation upon DNA damage induces relocalization to the nuclear plasma.
Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.
Belongs to the dynein light chain family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase e1/e2 subunit family.
Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
Belongs to the NADH dehydrogenase family.
Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain (By similarity).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family.
Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth.
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a non-competitive inhibitor that prevents formation of the closed enzyme conformation by binding to the same site as the amobile flap. In contrast, mizoribine monophosphate (MZP) is a competitive inhibitor that induces the closed conformation. MPA is a potent inhibitor of mammalian IMPDHs but a poor inhibitor of the bacterial enzymes. MZP is a more potent inhibitor of bacterial IMPDH.
Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family.
Transcription elongation factor implicated in the maintenance of proper chromatin structure in actively transcribed regions.
Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family. Delta-COP subfamily.
Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S2 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL19 family.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase D subunit family.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
The M domain binds the 7SL RNA in presence of SRP19 and binds the signal sequence of presecretory proteins.
The NG domain, also named G domain, is a special guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) domain, which binds GTP and forms a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent complex with a homologous NG domain in the SRP receptor subunit SRPRA. The two NG domains undergo cooperative rearrangements upon their assembly, which culminate in the reciprocal activation of the GTPase activity of one another. SRP receptor compaction upon binding with cargo-loaded SRP and GTPase rearrangement drive SRP-mediated cotranslational protein translocation into the ER.
Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. May also be involved in ribosome biogenesis.
Monomer. Associates with the 60S ribosomal subunit.
RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. This subunit can bind 18S rRNA.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
Involved in the second step of GPI biosynthesis. De-N-acetylation of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol.
Belongs to the 2Fe2S plant-type ferredoxin family.
Ferredoxins are iron-sulfur proteins that transfer electrons in a wide variety of metabolic reactions.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the dsDNA virus mRNA guanylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the RNA cytidine acetyltransferase family. NAT10 subfamily.
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase with specificity toward both 18S rRNA and tRNAs. Catalyzes the formation of N(4)-acetylcytidine (ac4C) in 18S rRNA. Required for early nucleolar cleavages of precursor rRNA at sites A0, A1 and A2 during 18S rRNA synthesis. Catalyzes the formation of ac4C in serine and leucine tRNAs. Requires a tRNA-binding adapter protein for full tRNA acetyltransferase activity but not for 18S rRNA acetylation.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Trm1 family.
Belongs to the endoribonuclease YbeY family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDPK subfamily.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL12 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL27 family.
Belongs to the glutamate--cysteine ligase type 3 family.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.
Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR).
Adds a GMP to the 5'-end of tRNA(His) after transcription and RNase P cleavage.
Belongs to the tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily.
Component of the Pelota-HBS1L complex, a complex that recognizes stalled ribosomes and triggers the No-Go Decay (NGD) pathway. In the Pelota-HBS1L complex, pelo recognizes ribosomes stalled at the 3' end of an mRNA and engages stalled ribosomes by destabilizing mRNA in the mRNA channel.
Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC).
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), a ribosome-associated complex that mediates ubiquitination and extraction of incompletely synthesized nascent chains for proteasomal degradation.
Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular proteins.
Belongs to the NFYA/HAP2 subunit family.
Component of the sequence-specific heterotrimeric transcription factor (NF-Y) which specifically recognizes a 5'-CCAAT-3' box motif found in the promoters of its target genes.
Key component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into apoproteins specifically involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity. In the CIA complex, MMS19 acts as an adapter between early-acting CIA components and a subset of cellular target iron-sulfur proteins.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. NifS/IscS subfamily.
Belongs to the UPL family. TOM1/PTR1 subfamily.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
Specifically methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 in various cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Methylation is not dependent on the nature of the nucleoside 5' of the target nucleoside. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base adjacent to the anticodon of tRNAs and required for accurate decoding.
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine synthase family.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. CPSF2/YSH1 subfamily.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S1 family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL46 family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Catalyzes the 2-thiolation of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Required for the formation of 5-taurinomethyl-2-thiouridine (tm5s2U) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu), and tRNA(Gln) at the wobble position. ATP is required to activate the C2 atom of the wobble base.
Belongs to the lipase maturation factor family.
Belongs to the WD repeat BOP1/ERB1 family.
Required for maturation of ribosomal RNAs and formation of the large ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Component of the large ribosomal subunit (LSU).
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel.
May be involved in fusion of retrograde transport vesicles derived from an endocytic compartment with the Golgi complex.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL21 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the first alpha-1,4-mannose to GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly.
Belongs to the transketolase family. DXPS subfamily.
Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.
Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. SAR1 family.
May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-5 (PP-T) subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS10 family.
Belongs to the NFYB/HAP3 subunit family.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family.
Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides.
Belongs to the IspD/TarI cytidylyltransferase family. IspD subfamily.
Heterooligomeric complex of about 850 to 900 kDa that forms two stacked rings, 12 to 16 nm in diameter.
Molecular chaperone; assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. Known to play a role, in vitro, in the folding of actin and tubulin.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL30 family.
Belongs to the type IA topoisomerase family.
Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand.
Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex.
In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL22 family.
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC34/RPC39 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Calcium-selective channel required to prevent calcium stores from overfilling.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 3 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RRP8 family.
Probable methyltransferase required to silence rDNA.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S).
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL33 family.
Belongs to the bacterial histone-like protein family.
Belongs to the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family.
Catalytic subunit of the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase (TGT) that catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with queuine (Q) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr), resulting in the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (7-(((4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)amino)methyl)-7-deazaguanosine). Catalysis occurs through a double-displacement mechanism. The nucleophile active site attacks the C1' of nucleotide 34 to detach the guanine base from the RNA, forming a covalent enzyme-RNA intermediate. The proton acceptor active site deprotonates the incoming queuine, allowing a nucleophilic attack on the C1' of the ribose to form the product.
Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and an accessory subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase large subunit family.
DNA primase is the polymerase that synthesizes small RNA primers for the Okazaki fragments made during discontinuous DNA replication.
Belongs to the CRT-like transporter family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. LepA subfamily.
Promotes mitochondrial protein synthesis. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Binds to mitochondrial ribosomes in a GTP-dependent manner.
This protein may be expected to contain an N-terminal transit peptide but none has been predicted.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. NOG subfamily.
Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Plays a role in vesicular protein sorting.
Associates with the pre-60S ribosomal particle.
Component of the ribosome assembly machinery. Nuclear paralog of the ribosomal protein P0, it binds pre-60S subunits at an early stage of assembly in the nucleolus, and is replaced by P0 in cytoplasmic pre-60S subunits and mature 80S ribosomes.
Belongs to the V-ATPase F subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 4 family.
Tetramer of heterotrimers consisting of exclusion domain, heavy- and light chains.
Required for the function of coenzyme Q in the respiratory chain. May serve as a chaperone or may be involved in the transport of Q6 from its site of synthesis to the catalytic sites of the respiratory complexes.
DNA polymerase II participates in chromosomal DNA replication.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. Has a role in the recognition of the branch site (5'-UACUAAC-3'), the pyrimidine tract and the 3'-splice site at the 3'-end of introns.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Fibrillarin family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 2 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS18 family.
Involved in calcium binding and microtubule stabilization.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily.
Catalytic component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex.
Catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex that acts by directly joining spliced tRNA halves to mature-sized tRNAs by incorporating the precursor-derived splice junction phosphate into the mature tRNA as a canonical 3',5'-phosphodiester. May act as an RNA ligase with broad substrate specificity, and may function toward other RNAs.
Ligation probably proceeds through 3 nucleotidyl transfer steps, with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini being hydrolyzed to 3'-P termini in a step that precedes 3'-P activation with GMP. In the first nucleotidyl transfer step, RTCB reacts with GTP to form a covalent RTCB-histidine-GMP intermediate with release of PPi; in the second step, the GMP moiety is transferred to the RNA 3'-P; in the third step, the 5'-OH from the opposite RNA strand attacks the activated 3'-P to form a 3',5'-phosphodiester bond and release GMP.
Belongs to the WD repeat DCAF13/WDSOF1 family.
Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family.
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs.
Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II).
Belongs to the neutral sphingomyelinase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.
GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS21 family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic from ER to Golgi (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as a core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome.
Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) family.
Belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS27 family.
Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. Sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily.
Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family. XRN2/RAT1 subfamily.
Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.
Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family.
Binds 2 magnesium ions. Also active with manganese.
Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's.
Belongs to the SWEET sugar transporter family.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent, however specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified so far. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Belongs to the thymidylate kinase family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. UBA5 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.
Belongs to the ATPase epsilon chain family.
Aminocarboxypropyltransferase that catalyzes the aminocarboxypropyl transfer on pseudouridine in 18S rRNA. It constitutes the last step in biosynthesis of the hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi).
Belongs to the TDD superfamily. TSR3 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
Methylates the carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine residue of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunits to form alpha-leucine ester residues.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.
Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL17 family.
Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles or the centrosome, suggesting that it is involved in the minus-end nucleation of microtubule assembly.
Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family.
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase proteolipid subunit family.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily.
Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules.
RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. PPi-dependent PFK group II subfamily. Clade 'Long' sub-subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis.
Tetramer of two alpha (regulatory) and two beta (catalytic) chains.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Belongs to the UTP23/FCF1 family. FCF1 subfamily.
Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly.
Involved in nucleotide metabolism via production of dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides, and decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA.
Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
Belongs to the ribose 5-phosphate isomerase family.
Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL54 family.
Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.
Belongs to the type IB topoisomerase family.
Putative RNA polymerase II subunit B1 C-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. NOG2 subfamily.
GTPase that associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus and is required for their nuclear export and maturation.
This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand.
Belongs to the folylpolyglutamate synthase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL20 family.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase delta/II small subunit family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the CND2 (condensin subunit 2) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL38 family.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UFC1 subfamily.
E1-like enzyme which specifically catalyzes the second step in ufmylation. Ufmylation is involved in reticulophagy (also called ER-phagy) induced in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Required for 60S pre-ribosomal subunits export to the cytoplasm.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS25 family.
Belongs to the archaeal RpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo12/eukaryotic RPC10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Required for proper 27S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.
Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family.
Parasitic protozoa lack the de novo purine biosynthesis pathway and rely exclusively on the salvage pathway for their purine nucleotide requirements.
Plays an important role in the salvage pathway for purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family.
Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks and nicked Holliday junctions. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. May be required in meiosis for the repair of meiosis-specific double strand breaks subsequent to single-end invasion (SEI).
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL13 family.
Belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family.
Component of the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. During transcription elongation the FACT complex acts as a histone chaperone that both destabilizes and restores nucleosomal structure. It facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase II and transcription by promoting the dissociation of one histone H2A-H2B dimer from the nucleosome, then subsequently promotes the reestablishment of the nucleosome following the passage of RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the nucleoporin NSP1/NUP62 family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL43 family.
Involved in the early part of the secretory pathway.
Bifunctional enzyme. Involved in de novo dTMP biosynthesis. Key enzyme in folate metabolism.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the thymidylate synthase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the dihydrofolate reductase family.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TrmB family.
Catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. BUD32 family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL2 subfamily.
5'->3' double-stranded DNA exonuclease which may also possess a cryptic 3'->5' double-stranded DNA exonuclease activity. Functions in DNA mismatch repair.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. EXO1 subfamily.
Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL5 family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 family.
Belongs to the activator 1 large subunit family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS29 family.
Associates with 90S and pre-40S pre-ribosomal particles.
Component of the 90S pre-ribosome involved in the maturation of rRNAs. Required for early cleavages of the pre-RNAs in the 40S ribosomal subunit maturation pathway.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX18/HAS1 subfamily.
Belongs to the reverse transcriptase family. Telomerase subfamily.
Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. It elongates telomeres. It is a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme.
Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions.
Belongs to the eIF-2B gamma/epsilon subunits family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL37 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase H subunit family.
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DCP2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of a geranylgeranyl moiety from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to both cysteines of proteins with the C-terminal sequence -XXCC, -XCXC and -CCXX.
Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family. FAM188 subfamily.
Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
Stabilizer subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; tethers catalytic subunit to the ER.
Belongs to the RNA methyltransferase RsmE family.
Specifically methylates the N3 position of the uracil ring of uridine 1498 (m3U1498) in 16S rRNA. Acts on the fully assembled 30S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the helicase family. RAD3/XPD subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL43 family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alax-L subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Ala) via its editing domain.
Consists of three domains; the N-terminal catalytic domain, the editing domain and the C-terminal C-Ala domain. The editing domain removes incorrectly charged amino acids, while the C-Ala domain, along with tRNA(Ala), serves as a bridge to cooperatively bring together the editing and aminoacylation centers thus stimulating deacylation of misacylated tRNAs.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family.
Ubiquitin ligase protein which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. CPSF5 subfamily.
Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The CFIm complex acts as a key regulator of cleavage and polyadenylation site choice during APA through its binding to 5'-UGUA-3' elements localized in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) for a huge number of pre-mRNAs.
Homodimer (via N- and C-terminus); binds RNA as homodimer. Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex.
Directly inhibited by buparvaquone and juglone anti-parasite drugs. Inhibited at lesser degree by the non-quinone inhibitor dipentamethylene thiuram monosulphide (DTM).
Interacts with host FBXW7; leading to FBXW7 autoubiquitination and subsequent degradation.
PIN1 harbors a single amino acid variation in a strain resistant to buparvaquone (AC P0DMT5).
Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) that acts as a key virulence factor by promoting host leukocyte transformation. Binds to and isomerizes specific phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro (pSer/Thr-Pro) motifs in a subset of proteins, resulting in conformational changes in the proteins. Promotes host leukocyte transformation by binding to phosphorylated host FBXW7, disrupting dimerization and promoting FBXW7 autoubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Degradation of host FBXW7, leads to stabilization of JUN, which promotes cell transformation.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC5 subfamily.
Belongs to the V-ATPase E subunit family.
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA.
Exerts its effect at some terminal stage of cytochrome c oxidase synthesis, probably by being involved in the insertion of the copper B into subunit I.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal PrmC-related family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4G family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24 family. SPT16 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL13 family.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK6 subfamily.
Broad-specificity nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has also ATPase activity.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL30 family.
Belongs to the formin-like family. Class-II subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a donut shape.
Probably involved with other LSm subunits in the general process of degradation of mRNAs.
Cysteine protease that plays a key role in autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8 family proteins.
Belongs to the phage and mitochondrial RNA polymerase family.
The zeta subunit may be involved in regulating the coat assembly and, hence, the rate of biosynthetic protein transport due to its association-dissociation properties with the coatomer complex.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 14 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS28 family.
Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH1 subfamily.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ARD1 subfamily.
Belongs to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) (TC 2.A.105) family.
Essential component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins.
Acts as a sulfur carrier required for 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of cytosolic tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Serves as sulfur donor in tRNA 2-thiolation reaction by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by the MOCS3/UBA4 homolog. The sulfur is then transferred to tRNA to form 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U. Also acts as a ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) that is covalently conjugated via an isopeptide bond to lysine residues of target proteins. The thiocarboxylated form serves as substrate for conjugation and oxidative stress specifically induces the formation of UBL-protein conjugates.
C-terminal thiocarboxylation occurs in 2 steps, it is first acyl-adenylated (-COAMP) via the hesA/moeB/thiF part of the MOCS3/UBA4 homolog, then thiocarboxylated (-COSH) via the rhodanese domain of the MOCS3/UBA4 homolog.
Belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS19 family.
Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.
Ubiquitin-protein ligase which is mainly involved pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome.
Belongs to the apicomplexan parasites AMA1 family.
The RNA gate region regulates mRNA cap recognition to prevent promiscuous mRNA-binding before assembly of eif3d into the full eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In the eIF-3 complex, eif3d specifically recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine cap of a subset of mRNAs.
Non-catalytic component of the proteasome.
Belongs to the UPL family. K-HECT subfamily.
Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. RHD3 subfamily.
Probable GTP-binding protein that may be involved in cell development.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family. Ribosome biogenesis protein NSA2 subfamily.
Component of the pre-66S ribosomal particle.
Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. May play a part in the quality control of pre-60S particles.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Catalyzes the exchange of ADP and ATP across the membrane.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 31 family.
GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S9 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC3/POLR3C RNA polymerase subunit family.
Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
Belongs to the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C family.
Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region.
U1 snRNP is composed of the 7 core Sm proteins B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F and G that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP, and at least 3 U1 snRNP-specific proteins U1-70K, U1-A and U1-C. U1-C interacts with U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region of the pre-mRNA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic GSH synthase family.
Converts protoheme IX and farnesyl diphosphate to heme O.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.
Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase alpha subunit family.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit.
Belongs to the polyprenol kinase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase V0D/AC39 subunit family.
Subunit of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment.
Mediator of sterol homeostasis involved in sterol uptake, trafficking and distribution into membranes.
Regulates also the sphingolipid metabolism.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL49 family.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Trimethylguanosine synthase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL19 family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 7 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruD family.
May form a complex composed of at least the catalytic subunit CRK2 and a cyclin.
Phosphorylation at Thr-14 or Tyr-15 inactivates the enzyme, while phosphorylation at Thr-158 activates it.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase (By similarity). Involved in the control of the cell cycle. Required for entry into S-phase and mitosis (By similarity). Probable component of the kinase complex that phosphorylates the repetitive C-terminus of RNA polymerase II (By similarity).