Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
Plant lipoxygenase may be involved in a number of diverse aspects of plant physiology including growth and development, pest resistance, and senescence or responses to wounding.
The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Bacterial/plant glycogen synthase subfamily.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
Component of LSM protein complexes, which are involved in RNA processing.
Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. CC-type subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family.
P0 forms a pentameric complex by interaction with dimers of P1 and P2.
Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10.
Hydrolyzes deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates. Has a strong preference for dCTP and its analogs including 5-iodo-dCTP and 5-methyl-dCTP for which it may even have a higher efficiency. May protect DNA or RNA against the incorporation of these genotoxic nucleotide analogs through their catabolism.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family.
Belongs to the beta-class carbonic anhydrase family.
Belongs to the plant homeotic and developmental regulators ALOG protein family.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
Catalyzes the exchange of ADP and ATP across the membrane.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.
May function as somatic storage protein during early seedling development.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
P1 and P2 exist as dimers at the large ribosomal subunit.
Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 77 family.
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
Dehydrogenase that catalyzes the oxidation of several aminoaldehydes (PubMed:26296314). Metabolizes and detoxifies aldehyde products of polyamine degradation to non-toxic amino acids (Probable). Catalyzes the oxidation of 4-aminobutanal and 3-aminopropanal to 4-aminobutanoate and beta-alanine, respectively (PubMed:26296314).
Expressed in leaves, flowers and fruits.
Belongs to the S1FA transcription factor family.
DNA-binding protein that specifically recognizes a negative element (S1F) within the RPS1 promoter.
Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
May serve as docking site to facilitate the association of other proteins to the plasma membrane.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
Belongs to the PYR/PYL/RCAR abscisic acid intracellular receptor family.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the archaeal rpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family.
Belongs to the GST superfamily. DHAR family.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family.
Causes an allergic reaction in human. Important allergen of apple fruits that is associated with IgE-mediated symptoms in apple allergic individuals.
Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional factors that function as repressors of early auxin response genes at low auxin concentrations. Repression is thought to result from the interaction with auxin response factors (ARFs), proteins that bind to the auxin-responsive promoter element (AuxRE). Formation of heterodimers with ARF proteins may alter their ability to modulate early auxin response genes expression.
Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
Glycosyltransferase that possesses chalcone and flavonol 2'-O-glycosyltransferase activity. Converts phloretin to phlorizin (phloretin 2'-O-glucoside), a potent antioxidant. Possesses glycosyltransferase activity toward quercetin, isoliquiritigenin, butein and caffeic acid.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family.
Kinase that can phosphorylate various inositol polyphosphate such as Ins(3,4,5,6)P4 or Ins(1,3,4)P3.
Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.
Belongs to the TALE/KNOX homeobox family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
Belongs to the nitrite and sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domain family.
Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
Catalyzes the reaction of cyanate with bicarbonate to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide.
The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits.
The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. ERF subfamily.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family.
Catalyzes xyloglucan endohydrolysis (XEH) and/or endotransglycosylation (XET). Cleaves and religates xyloglucan polymers, an essential constituent of the primary cell wall, and thereby participates in cell wall construction of growing tissues.
Contains at least one intrachain disulfide bond essential for its enzymatic activity.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family.
Belongs to the diacylglycerol acyltransferase family.
Functions as two-component phosphorelay mediators between cytokinin sensor histidine kinases and response regulators (B-type ARRs). Plays an important role in propagating cytokinin signal transduction.
Histidine-containing phosphotransfer domain (HPt) contains an active histidine that mediates the phosphotransfer.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.
Methylates caffeoyl-CoA to feruloyl-CoA and 5-hydroxyferuloyl-CoA to sinapoyl-CoA. Plays a role in the synthesis of feruloylated polysaccharides. Involved in the reinforcement of the plant cell wall. Also involved in the responding to wounding or pathogen challenge by the increased formation of cell wall-bound ferulic acid polymers.
Transcription elongation factor implicated in the maintenance of proper chromatin structure in actively transcribed regions.
Belongs to the inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT) (TC 2.A.20) family.
Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
Auxin response factors (ARFs) are transcriptional factors that bind specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-TGTCTC-3' found in the auxin-responsive promoter elements (AuxREs).
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL28 family.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the GRAS family. DELLA subfamily.
The DELLA motif is required for its GA-induced degradation.
Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor of the gibberellin (GA) signaling pathway. Probably acts by participating in large multiprotein complexes that repress transcription of GA-inducible genes.
Belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family. RAV subfamily.
Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS30 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
Belongs to the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (LHC) protein family.
The light-harvesting complex (LHC) functions as a light receptor, it captures and delivers excitation energy to photosystems with which it is closely associated.
Oligomer of 24 subunits. There are two types of subunits: L (light) chain and H (heavy) chain. The major chain can be light or heavy, depending on the species and tissue type. The functional molecule forms a roughly spherical shell with a diameter of 12 nm and contains a central cavity into which the insoluble mineral iron core is deposited.
Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Has ferroxidase activity. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation.
Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family.
Belongs to the ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the pectinesterase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the PMEI family.
Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate.
Belongs to the TALE/BELL homeobox family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL33 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
Plant non-specific lipid-transfer proteins transfer phospholipids as well as galactolipids across membranes. May play a role in wax or cutin deposition in the cell walls of expanding epidermal cells and certain secretory tissues.
Belongs to the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase superfamily.
Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). SRP9 together with SRP14 and the Alu portion of the SRP RNA, constitutes the elongation arrest domain of SRP. The complex of SRP9 and SRP14 is required for SRP RNA binding.
Component of the 20S core complex of the 26S proteasome. The 26S proteasome is composed of a core protease (CP), known as the 20S proteasome, capped at one or both ends by the 19S regulatory particle (RP/PA700). The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel.
Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
Belongs to the early nodulin-like (ENODL) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery.
Belongs to the SOFL plant protein family.
Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds to GA-rich elements (GAGA-repeats) present in regulatory sequences of genes involved in developmental processes.
Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the LOB domain-containing protein family.
Transcription factor that binds specifically to a 5'-AA[AG]G-3' consensus core sequence.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily.
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
Belongs to the type IV zinc-finger family. Class A subfamily.
Transcriptional activator that specifically binds 5'-GATA-3' or 5'-GAT-3' motifs within gene promoters.
Transcriptional repressor that regulates multiple aspects of plant growth and development.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. Dihydroflavonol-4-reductase subfamily.
Bifunctional enzyme involved in flavonoid metabolism. May use dihydroquercetin, dihydrokaempferol, eriodictyol, garbanzol (5-deoxydihydrokaempferol), dihydrofisetin (5-deoxydihydroquercetin), naringenin to a low extent (10%), but not 5-deoxynaringenin or butin (5-deoxyeriodictyol) as substrate.
Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.
Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
Binds 2 divalent ions per subunit. The metal ions interact primarily with the substrate. Can utilize magnesium, manganese or cobalt (in vitro).
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The reaction comprises two steps that are both catalyzed by the same enzyme: formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and triphosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the triphosphate.
Binds to multiple calmodulin (CaM) in the presence of Ca(2+) and CaM-like proteins.
Involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Together with CUL1, RBX1 and a F-box protein, it forms a SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. The functional specificity of this complex depends on the type of F-box protein. In the SCF complex, it serves as an adapter that links the F-box protein to CUL1.
Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex.
Belongs to the expansin family. Expansin A subfamily.
Causes loosening and extension of plant cell walls by disrupting non-covalent bonding between cellulose microfibrils and matrix glucans. No enzymatic activity has been found.
Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase G subunit family.
Catalytic subunit of the peripheral V1 complex of vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex.
Belongs to the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC3/POLR3C RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
Belongs to the geranylgeranyl reductase family. ChlP subfamily.
Belongs to the RBOH (TC 5.B.1.3) family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIN-7 subfamily.
Self-incompatibility (SI) is the inherited ability of a flowering plant to prevent self-fertilization by discriminating between self and non-self pollen during pollination. In many species, self-incompatibility is controlled by the single, multiallelic locus S.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL9 family.
Belongs to the HD-ZIP homeobox family. Class IV subfamily.
Cytoprotective ribonuclease (RNase) required for resistance to abiotic stresses, acting as a positive regulator of mRNA decapping during stress.
Interacts with the CDC2 protein kinase to form a serine/threonine kinase holoenzyme complex also known as maturation promoting factor (MPF). The cyclin subunit imparts substrate specificity to the complex.
Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 9 (cellulase E) family.
Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin AB subfamily.
Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
Belongs to the RING-type zinc finger family. ATL subfamily.
Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 34 family.
Belongs to the dynein light chain family.
Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS19 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
May be involved in the degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins.
May be involved in the degradation process of specific misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins.
The QLQ domain and WRC domain may be involved in protein-protein interaction and DNA-binding, respectively.
Belongs to the CcmF/CycK/Ccl1/NrfE/CcsA family.
Belongs to the MsrA Met sulfoxide reductase family.
Belongs to the acyl-ACP thioesterase family.
Plays an essential role in chain termination during de novo fatty acid synthesis.
Belongs to the PC-esterase family. TBL subfamily.
The jas domain is required for interaction with COI1.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIIA subfamily.
Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase proteolipid subunit family.
Proton-conducting pore forming subunit of the membrane integral V0 complex of vacuolar ATPase. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying a variety of intracellular compartments in eukaryotic cells.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.
Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFS4 subunit family.
Belongs to the HD-ZIP homeobox family. Class I subfamily.
Probably binds to the DNA sequence 5'-TGAC-3'.
Acylhydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phospholipids at the sn-1 position.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
Belongs to the HD-ZIP homeobox family. Class III subfamily.
Necessary for protein translocation in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides.
Belongs to the drug/metabolite transporter (DMT) superfamily. Plant drug/metabolite exporter (P-DME) (TC 2.A.7.4) family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.2) family.
Involved in cellular auxin homeostasis by regulating auxin metabolism. Regulates intracellular auxin accumulation at the endoplasmic reticulum and thus auxin availability for nuclear auxin signaling.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.
Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.
Belongs to the plant egg cell-secreted peptide family.
Involved in the regulation of gamete interactions during the double fertilization and to prevent multiple-pollen tube attraction; mediates the redistribution of the gamete fusogen HAP2/GCS1 to the cell surface after secretion upon sperm arrival.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 47 family.
Belongs to the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 2 family.
Belongs to the leguminous lectin family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin (TC 1.B.8.1) family.
Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. Amino acid/auxin permease (AAAP) (TC 2.A.18.1) subfamily.
Carrier protein involved in proton-driven auxin influx. Mediates the formation of auxin gradient from developing leaves (site of auxin biosynthesis) to tips by contributing to the loading of auxin in vascular tissues and facilitating acropetal (base to tip) auxin transport within inner tissues of the root apex, and basipetal (tip to base) auxin transport within outer tissues of the root apex (By similarity). May be involved in lateral roots and nodules formation.
Belongs to the PPR family. PCMP-H subfamily.
Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
Belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 1 family.
Activation of RuBisCO (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase; EC 4.1.1.39) involves the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the epsilon-amino group of lysine leading to a carbamate structure.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.
GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL11 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL17 family.
Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family.
Belongs to the brassicaceae elicitor peptide family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. DDX15/PRP43 sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
Involved in splicing regulation. Facilitates post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) by limiting the degradation of transgene aberrant RNAs by the RNA quality control (RQC) machinery, thus favoring their entry into cytoplasmic siRNA bodies where they can trigger PTGS. Does not participate in the production of small RNAs.
Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase GT106 family.
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family.
Belongs to the carotenoid/retinoid oxidoreductase family. CrtISO subfamily.
Belongs to the truncated hemoglobin family. Group II subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 3 family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits and several supernumerary subunits. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII).
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
Involved in trafficking and recycling of synaptic vesicles.
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. BCS1 subfamily.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
May regulate transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. May enhance transcriptional pausing at sites proximal to the promoter, which may in turn facilitate the assembly of an elongation competent RNA polymerase II complex.
Belongs to the plant LTP family. PEARLI1 subfamily.
Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35.5) family.
Magnesium transporter that may mediate the influx of magnesium.
Belongs to the cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta-synthase family.
Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 1 family.
Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion. Required for its activity.
Belongs to the peroxidase family. Ascorbate peroxidase subfamily.
Belongs to the peroxidase family. Classical plant (class III) peroxidase subfamily.
Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit.
Removal of H(2)O(2), oxidation of toxic reductants, biosynthesis and degradation of lignin, suberization, auxin catabolism, response to environmental stresses such as wounding, pathogen attack and oxidative stress. These functions might be dependent on each isozyme/isoform in each plant tissue.
Belongs to the acireductone dioxygenase (ARD) family.
Binds either 1 Fe or Ni cation per monomer. Iron-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate, while nickel-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate.
Catalyzes 2 different reactions between oxygen and the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene) depending upon the metal bound in the active site. Fe-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Fe-ARD) produces formate and 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate (KMTB), the alpha-ketoacid precursor of methionine in the methionine recycle pathway. Ni-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Ni-ARD) produces methylthiopropionate, carbon monoxide and formate, and does not lie on the methionine recycle pathway.
Belongs to the spermidine/spermine synthase family.
The PPC domain mediates interactions between AHL proteins.
Transcription factor that specifically binds AT-rich DNA sequences related to the nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs).
Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.
The Rieske protein is a high potential 2Fe-2S protein.
Component of the 60S subunit of the ribosome.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase alpha subunit family.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
Heterooctamer of 4 alpha and 4 beta chains.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit.
May be involved in both secretory and endocytic intracellular trafficking in the endosomal/prevacuolar compartments.
Belongs to the CDI family. ICK/KRP subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL30 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family.
Binds 1 pyruvoyl group covalently per subunit.
Cytokinin-activating enzyme working in the direct activation pathway. Phosphoribohydrolase that converts inactive cytokinin nucleotides to the biologically active free-base forms.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.
Probably involved in the detoxification of cyanide that arises from ethylen biosynthesis in ripening fruits. Has only background level of in vitro cysteine synthase activity.
Up-regulated by ethylene treatment and wounding.
Up-regulated during the ripening process of fruits.
Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 15 family.
Metallothioneins have a high content of cysteine residues that bind various heavy metals.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
Belongs to the plant dirigent protein family.
Dirigent proteins impart stereoselectivity on the phenoxy radical-coupling reaction, yielding optically active lignans from two molecules of coniferyl alcohol in the biosynthesis of lignans, flavonolignans, and alkaloids and thus plays a central role in plant secondary metabolism.
Belongs to the gamma-class carbonic anhydrase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 85 family.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. 6-phosphogluconolactonase subfamily.
Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.
Mitochondrial inner membrane calcium uniporter that mediates calcium uptake into mitochondria. Constitutes a pore-forming and calcium-conducting subunit. Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays key roles in cellular physiology and regulates cell bioenergetics, cytoplasmic calcium signals and activation of cell death pathways.
Belongs to the BIG GRAIN 1 (BG1) plant protein family.
Involved in auxin transport. Regulator of the auxin signaling pathway.
Belongs to the sucrose phosphatase family.
Catalyzes the final step of sucrose synthesis.
Translation factor that promotes translation elongation and termination, particularly upon ribosome stalling at specific amino acid sequence contexts. Binds between the exit (E) and peptidyl (P) site of the ribosome and promotes rescue of stalled ribosome: specifically required for efficient translation of polyproline-containing peptides as well as other motifs that stall the ribosome. Acts as ribosome quality control (RQC) cofactor by joining the RQC complex to facilitate peptidyl transfer during CAT tailing step.
eIF-5A seems to be the only eukaryotic protein to have a hypusine residue which is a post-translational modification of a lysine by the addition of a butylamino group.
Activation probably requires a transfer of a phosphate group between a His in the transmitter domain and an Asp of the receiver domain.
Belongs to the ethylene receptor family.
May act early in the ethylene signal transduction pathway, possibly as an ethylene receptor, or as a regulator of the pathway.
The nitrogen atoms of the two glycine residues in the GGXR motif define the oxyanion hole, and stabilize the oxyanion that forms during the nucleophilic attack by the catalytic serine during substrate cleavage.
Belongs to the GLUTAMINE DUMPER 1 (TC 9.B.60) family.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the HD-ZIP homeobox family. Class II subfamily.
Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S11 family.
Functions in brassinosteroid signaling. May function as transcriptional repressor.
Belongs to the TAF9 family. CENP-S/MHF1 subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.
E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for autophagy.
Belongs to the class II aldolase/RraA-like family.
Catalyzes the aldol cleavage of 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate (HMG) into 2 molecules of pyruvate. Also contains a secondary oxaloacetate (OAA) decarboxylase activity due to the common pyruvate enolate transition state formed following C-C bond cleavage in the retro-aldol and decarboxylation reactions.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val).
With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits.
This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis.
Belongs to the ferredoxin thioredoxin reductase alpha subunit family.
Heterodimer of subunit A (variable subunit) and subunit B (catalytic subunit). Heterodimeric FTR forms a complex with ferredoxin and thioredoxin.
Variable subunit of the ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase (FTR), which catalyzes the two-electron reduction of thioredoxins by the electrons provided by reduced ferredoxin.
Belongs to the complex I subunit 4 family.
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I.
Component of the 40S subunit of the ribosome.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family.
Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex.
In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape.
Belongs to the Casparian strip membrane proteins (CASP) family.
Stabilizes the interaction between PsaC and the PSI core, assists the docking of the ferredoxin to PSI and interacts with ferredoxin-NADP oxidoreductase.
Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.
Catalytic subunit of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA methyltransferase complex that mediates the methylation of the guanosine nucleotide at position 10 (m2G10) in tRNAs.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the leguminous lectin family.
Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
Possible role could be the docking of the LHC I antenna complex to the core complex.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 7 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery.
Belongs to the GST superfamily. Phi family.
PSK-alpha is produced by endopeptidase digestion. PSK-beta is produced from PSK-alpha by exopeptidase digestion.
Promotes plant cell differentiation, organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis as well as cell proliferation.
Sulfation is important for activity and for the binding to a putative membrane receptor.
Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Arp2/3 complex plays a critical role in the control of cell morphogenesis via the modulation of cell polarity development.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins.
Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits.
Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs, and regulates mRNA stability. M6A is a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs and plays a role in mRNA stability and processing.
Belongs to the senescence regulator S40 family.
Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.7) family.
Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. May also be involved in ribosome biogenesis.
Monomer. Associates with the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Scaffold protein for the de novo synthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters within mitochondria, which is required for maturation of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] proteins.
A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX41 subfamily.
Belongs to the terpene cyclase/mutase family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
Belongs to the NFYB/HAP3 subunit family.
Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
Belongs to the BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Belongs to the ParA family. MinD subfamily.
Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha-ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate.
Histone-binding component that specifically recognizes H3 tails trimethylated on 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), which mark transcription start sites of virtually all active genes.
Interacts with H3K4me3 and to a lesser extent with H3K4me2.
The PHD-type zinc finger mediates the binding to H3K4me3.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily.
May play a role in anterograde transport of membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
Component of the CCR4-NOT complex, at least composed of CRR4 and CAF1 proteins.
Ubiquitous transcription factor required for a diverse set of processes. It is a component of the CCR4 complex involved in the control of gene expression.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family. Plant sucrose synthase subfamily.
Sucrose-cleaving enzyme that provides UDP-glucose and fructose for various metabolic pathways.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 64 family.
Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. Cation/proton exchanger (CAX) subfamily.
Vacuolar cation/proton exchanger (CAX). Translocates Ca(2+) and other metal ions into vacuoles using the proton gradient formed by H(+)-ATPase and H(+)-pyrophosphatase.
Belongs to the WIP C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the RBR family. Ariadne subfamily.
Might act as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, or as part of E3 complex, which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and then transfers it to substrates.
Golgi membrane protein involved in vesicular trafficking.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo10/eukaryotic RPB10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the VEFS (VRN2-EMF2-FIS2-SU(Z)12) family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
Mediates high-affinity intracellular uptake of the rare oligo-element molybdenum.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS21 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
Belongs to the ATPase protein YMF19 family.
This is one of the chains of the nonenzymatic component (CF(0) subunit) of the mitochondrial ATPase complex.
Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), a regulator of vesicular trafficking process.
Component of the small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particles containing H/ACA-type snoRNAs (H/ACA snoRNPs).
Required for ribosome biogenesis. Part of a complex which catalyzes pseudouridylation of rRNA. This involves the isomerization of uridine such that the ribose is subsequently attached to C5, instead of the normal N1. Pseudouridine ("psi") residues may serve to stabilize the conformation of rRNAs.
Belongs to the OXA1/ALB3/YidC (TC 2.A.9.2) family.
Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.
Binds to single and double-stranded DNA and exhibits DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Unwinds duplex DNA. Component of the meiotic recombination pathway. Seems to play a role in mediating chromosome homology search, chromosome pairing and synapsis at early stages and probably chromosome crossing-over at later stages in meiosis. Probably is involved in the repair of meiotic double strand breaks (DBSs) and in homologous recombination.
Belongs to the plant rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) family.
Probably involved in the defense reaction of plants against pathogens.
May be involved in environmental stress response.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily.
Catalyzes the NAD-dependent decarboxylation of UDP-glucuronic acid to UDP-xylose. Necessary for the biosynthesis of the core tetrasaccharide in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL37 family.
Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
Belongs to the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family.
Catalyzes the formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma-glutamyl dipeptides and plays a significant role in glutathione (GSH) homeostasis.
Belongs to the SWEET sugar transporter family.
Mediates both low-affinity uptake and efflux of sugar across the membrane.
Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.
Required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.
Involved in nucleotide metabolism via production of dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides, and decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA.
Belongs to the pectinacetylesterase family.
Hydrolyzes acetyl esters in homogalacturonan regions of pectin. In type I primary cell wall, galacturonic acid residues of pectin can be acetylated at the O-2 and O-3 positions. Decreasing the degree of acetylation of pectin gels in vitro alters their physical properties.
Belongs to the potassium channel family. Plant (TC 1.A.1.4) subfamily.
The potassium channel is composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming subunits.
The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids. The pore-forming region H5 is enclosed by the transmembrane segments S5 and S6 in the Shaker-type (1P/6TM) and contains the GYGD signature motif which seems to be involved in potassium selectivity.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. SAR1 family.
Involved in transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus.
Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex.
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
Catalyzes the formation of flavonols from dihydroflavonols. It can act on dihydrokaempferol to produce kaempferol, on dihydroquercetin to produce quercitin and on dihydromyricetin to produce myricetin (By similarity).
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family.
Belongs to the complex I subunit 1 family.
Glycosyltransferase that possesses phloretin 4'-O-glycosyltransferase activity (PubMed:27316677). Converts phloretin to trilobatin (phloretin 4'-O-glucoside), a potential antioxidant (PubMed:27316677). Can convert with low efficiency phlorizin and trilobatin to their corresponding di-O-glucosides (PubMed:27316677). Can convert with low efficiency naringenin to naringenin-7-O-glucoside (PubMed:27316677). Can convert with low efficiency quercetin to quercetin-7-O-glucoside (PubMed:27316677).
Highly expressed in young leaves, at intermediate level in mature leaves and at low levels in flowers and fruits.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit p55 family.
Belongs to the argonaute family. Ago subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-arginine N-methyltransferase that methylates the delta-nitrogen atom of arginine residues to form N5-methylarginine (type IV) in target proteins. Monomethylates ribosomal protein L12.
Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.
Probably involved in the detoxification of cyanide that arises from ethylene biosynthesis in ripening fruits. Has only background level of in vitro cysteine synthase activity.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL18 family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S3 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the homoserine dehydrogenase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the aspartokinase family.
Belongs to the cysteine dioxygenase family.
Probable subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors.
The PAL motif is required for normal active site conformation.
Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Polyamine:cation symporter (PHS) (TC 2.A.3.12) family.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Lipoyl synthase family.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters per subunit. One cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. CPSF5 subfamily.
Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that plays a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-processing.
Homodimer. Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex.
Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 51 family.
Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor. The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm. Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion of the receptor into the organelle membrane with the concomitant translocation of the cargo into the peroxisome matrix.
PsaD can form complexes with ferredoxin and ferredoxin-oxidoreductase in photosystem I (PS I) reaction center. PSAD may encode the ferredoxin-docking protein.
May act as a substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (CUL3-RBX1-BTB) which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
Belongs to the Mg-chelatase subunit H family.
Belongs to the RuBisCO small chain family.
Heterohexadecamer of 8 large and 8 small subunits.
RuBisCO catalyzes two reactions: the carboxylation of D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate, the primary event in carbon dioxide fixation, as well as the oxidative fragmentation of the pentose substrate. Both reactions occur simultaneously and in competition at the same active site. Although the small subunit is not catalytic it is essential for maximal activity.
The basic functional RuBisCO is composed of a large chain homodimer in a 'head-to-tail' conformation. In form I RuBisCO this homodimer is arranged in a barrel-like tetramer with the small subunits forming a tetrameric 'cap' on each end of the 'barrel'.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family.
Part of the multisubunit transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex.
Belongs to the terpene synthase family. Tpsb subfamily.
Binds 3 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions per subunit.
Oxidation products of (E,E)-alpha-farnesene are the causal agents of superficial scald.
Sesquiterpene synthase catalyzing the production of (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, the predominant terpene produced during storage of fruits. Produces all six isomers (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, (Z,E)-alpha-farnesene, (E,Z)-alpha-farnesene, (Z,Z)-alpha-farnesene, (E)-beta-farnesene and (Z)-beta-farnesene from a mix of isomeric forms of the farnesyl diphosphate precursor. Able to convert geranyl diphosphate to the monoterpenes (E)-beta-ocimene, linalool and beta-myrcene. Has also a prenyltransferase activity producing alpha-farnesene directly from geranyl diphosphate and isoprenyl diphosphate.
The Asp-Asp-Xaa-Xaa-Asp/Glu (DDXXD/E) motif is important for the catalytic activity, presumably through binding to Mg(2+).
The activity enhancement by potassium is associated only with sesquiterpene synthase activity and not monoterpene or prenyltransferase activities.
Up-regulated by ethylene. Inhibited by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP).
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Organophosphate:Pi antiporter (OPA) (TC 2.A.1.4) family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the copper/topaquinone oxidase family.
Topaquinone (TPQ) is generated by copper-dependent autoxidation of a specific tyrosyl residue.
Belongs to the ADP/ATP translocase tlc family.
Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.
Plays a complex role in regulating the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.
Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese.
Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. Sedlin subfamily.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.
Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta chains arranged as a dimer of alpha/beta heterodimers.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.
Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Belongs to the heme-copper respiratory oxidase family.
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Belongs to the type IV zinc-finger family. Class C subfamily.
Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL5 family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL41 family.
Glycosyltransferase that may possess chalcone and dihydrochalcone 2'-O-glucosyltransferase activity.
Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites.
Belongs to the phospholipase D family. C2-PLD subfamily.
Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin U/P subfamily.
Participates in electron transfer between P700 and the cytochrome b6-f complex in photosystem I.
The crystal structure with reduced Cu(1+) has also been determined.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB7 subunit family.
Belongs to the plant DMP1 protein family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL22 family.
Belongs to the complex I subunit 5 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 1 family.
Plays a role in photosynthetic sucrose synthesis by catalyzing the rate-limiting step of sucrose biosynthesis from UDP-glucose and fructose- 6-phosphate. Involved in the regulation of carbon partitioning in the leaves of plants. May regulate the synthesis of sucrose and therefore play a major role as a limiting factor in the export of photoassimilates out of the leaf. Plays a role for sucrose availability that is essential for plant growth and fiber elongation.
This protein is one of the chains of the nonenzymatic membrane component (F0) of mitochondrial ATPase.
Belongs to the HAK/KUP transporter (TC 2.A.72.3) family.
Is involved in the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
Belongs to the fasciclin-like AGP family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase e1/e2 subunit family.
Belongs to the type IV zinc-finger family. Class B subfamily.
Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex.
Regulatory subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; essential for the ER localization.
Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
Belongs to the transcriptional coactivator PC4 family.
Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily.
Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.
Belongs to the IAA-amido conjugating enzyme family.
Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 1 family.
Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.
Belongs to the squalene monooxygenase family.
Catalyzes the stereospecific oxidation of squalene to (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene, and is considered to be a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter (TC 2.A.1.14) family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. NTM1 family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Serine hydrolase involved in the detoxification of formaldehyde.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. YchF/OLA1 subfamily.
Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. Fucose synthase subfamily.
May have a structural role to stabilize the lipid body during desiccation of the seed by preventing coalescence of the oil. Probably interacts with both lipid and phospholipid moieties of lipid bodies. May also provide recognition signals for specific lipase anchorage in lipolysis during seedling growth.
Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily.
Glycosyltransferase that possesses chalcone and flavonol 2'-O-glycosyltransferase activity. Converts phloretin to phlorizin (phloretin 2'-O-glucoside), a potent antioxidant. Possesses glycosyltransferase activity toward, naringenin, naringenin chalcone, eriodictyol, eriodictyol chalcone, apigenin, luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, isoliquiritigenin, butein and caffeic acid. Can convert phloretin to phloretin 4'-O-glucoside and phloretin 4-O-glucoside.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.
Belongs to the nucleoporin NSP1/NUP62 family.
Belongs to the CSN7/EIF3M family. CSN7 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL29 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS25 family.
Belongs to the glycoside-pentoside-hexuronide (GPH) cation symporter transporter (TC 2.A.2.4) family.
Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
Lignin degradation and detoxification of lignin-derived products.
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of some multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family. FAM188 subfamily.
Hydrolase that can remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. mRNA cap 0 methyltransferase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the dsDNA virus mRNA guanylyltransferase family.
Expressed in developing fruit during the enlargement stage.
Belongs to the class-II DAHP synthase family.
Binds 1 divalent cation per subunit. The enzyme is active with manganese, cobalt or cadmium ions.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.
Belongs to the sterol desaturase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL13 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
High-conductance voltage-dependent solute channel with a slight selectivity for cations transporting triosephosphates, dicarboxylic acids, ATP, inorganic phosphate (Pi), sugars, and positively or negatively charged amino acids.
Homooligomers form large rather nonselective pores in plastidial outer membranes.
Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the RING-type zinc finger family. LOG2 subfamily.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
Plant non-specific lipid-transfer proteins transfer phospholipids as well as galactolipids across membranes. May play a role in wax or cutin deposition in the cell walls of expanding epidermal cells and certain secretory tissues (By similarity).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the trehalose phosphatase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glycosyltransferase 20 family.
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family.
Component of complex II composed of eight subunits in plants: four classical SDH subunits SDH1, SDH2, SDH3 and SDH4 (a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.), as well as four subunits unknown in mitochondria from bacteria and heterotrophic eukaryotes.
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase II family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the DHBP synthase family.
Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy. Cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and supplies membrane for the growing autophagosome. Lipid scramblase activity plays a key role in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly by distributing the phospholipids that arrive through ATG2 from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
Belongs to the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family.
ATPase required for the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. This complex then targets to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane-bound receptors, where the tail-anchored protein is released for insertion. This process is regulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis. ATP binding drives the homodimer towards the closed dimer state, facilitating recognition of newly synthesized TA membrane proteins. ATP hydrolysis is required for insertion. Subsequently, the homodimer reverts towards the open dimer state, lowering its affinity for the membrane-bound receptor, and returning it to the cytosol to initiate a new round of targeting.
Belongs to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) (TC 2.A.105) family.
Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria.
Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 31 family.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase family.
Belongs to the CpcT/CpeT biliprotein lyase family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. FabI subfamily.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UFC1 subfamily.
E1-like enzyme which specifically catalyzes the second step in ufmylation. Ufmylation is involved in reticulophagy (also called ER-phagy) induced in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Belongs to the LanC-like protein family.
Belongs to the ARR family. Type-B subfamily.
Transcriptional activator that binds specific DNA sequence.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2).
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 4 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL21 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. Plant cellulose synthase subfamily.
Component of the PAQosome complex which is responsible for the biogenesis of several protein complexes and which consists of R2TP complex members RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIH1D1, URI complex members PFDN2, PFDN6, PDRG1, UXT and URI1 as well as ASDURF, POLR2E and DNAAF10/WDR92.
May play a role in chaperone-mediated protein folding.
Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S). Interacts with ribosomal protein S21.
Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.
Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations. By binding to PIP2, it inhibits the formation of IP3 and DG.
Occurs in many kinds of cells as a complex with monomeric actin in a 1:1 ratio.
Belongs to the plastid outer envelope porin OEP21 (TC 1.B.29) family.
Voltage-dependent rectifying anion channel that facilitates the translocation between chloroplast and cytoplasm of phosphorylated carbohydrates such as triosephosphate, 3-phosphoglycerate and inorganic phosphate (Pi) depending of ATP to triosephosphate ratio in the plastidial intermembrane space; in high triosephosphate/ATP conditions (e.g. photosynthesis), export of triosphosphate from chloroplast (outward rectifying channels), but in high ATP/triosephosphate conditions (e.g. dark phase), import of phosphosolutes (inward rectifying channels).
Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta subunits.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Belongs to the replication factor A protein 1 family.
Component of the replication protein A complex (RPA) required for DNA recombination, repair and replication. The activity of RPA is mediated by single-stranded DNA binding and protein interactions. Probably involved in repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) induced by genotoxic stresses.
Heterotrimer of RPA1, RPA2 and RPA3 (canonical replication protein A complex).
Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Plant protein-lysine LSMT methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
Interacts with HSP90 in an ATP-dependent manner.
Belongs to the aromatic acid exporter (TC 2.A.85) family.
Acts as a calcium sensor. CBL proteins interact with CIPK serine-threonine protein kinases. Binding of a CBL protein to the regulatory NAF domain of a CIPK protein lead to the activation of the kinase in a calcium-dependent manner.
Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA1 subunit family.
Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family.
Belongs to the NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.
This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5.
Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family.
Belongs to the gluconokinase GntK/GntV family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bTHX family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.
Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagosomes formation. May mediate the delivery of the autophagosomes to the vacuole via the microtubule cytoskeleton.
Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69.1) family.
May act as a component of the auxin efflux carrier.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IB subfamily.
Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
Belongs to the NRAMP (TC 2.A.55) family.
Belongs to the polypeptide deformylase family.
Removes the formyl group from the N-terminal Met of newly synthesized proteins.
Belongs to the complex I subunit 6 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TrmB family.
Catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL31 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase E subunit family.
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS17 family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS33 family.
Catalyzes the oxidation of mono- and o-diphenols to o-diquinones.
Belongs to the peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2/4 family.
Belongs to the oligopeptide OPT transporter (TC 2.A.67.1) family.
Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.
Synthesizes sorbitol-6-phosphate, a key intermediate in the synthesis of sorbitol which is a major photosynthetic product in many members of the Rosaceae family.
Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Fe(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Mn(2+) and Co(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+).
Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione.
Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily.
Accumulates progressively during fruit development.
Belongs to the plant acyltransferase family.
Highly expressed in the cortex and skin of ripe fruit.
Involved in the biosynthesis of volatile esters which confer ripe apple fruit flavor (PubMed:24661745, Ref.3). Alcohol acyl transferase that can use a wide range of alcohols as substrate, including 2-methylbutanol, hexanol and ethanol, to produce esters such as butyl butanoate, butyl hexanoate, hexyl butanoate, 2-methylbutyl acetate (2MBA), butyl acetate, hexyl acetate and 2-methylbutyl butanoate (2MBB), and, to some extent, ethyl butanoate and ethyl hexanoate (PubMed:24661745, PubMed:15955071).
Reduction in total esters production but accumulation of precursor alcohols and aldehydes in ripening apple fruits, leading to modified aroma and flavor.
Repressed by metal ions, zinc ions having the strongest impact, and magnesium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and calcium ions acting as partial inhibitors (PubMed:15955071). Strongly inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB) and, to a lower extent, by dithiothreitol (PubMed:15955071).
The fruit of cv. Royal Gala exhibits a high ester accumulation, whereas the cv. Granny Smith contains low ester levels; this influences strongly the ripe apple fruit aroma.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL20 family.
Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 10 family.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DCP2 subfamily.
Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family. XRN2/RAT1 subfamily.
Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. Acts as an endogenous post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) suppressor.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the NDH complex subunit M family.
NDH shuttles electrons from NAD(P)H:plastoquinone, via FMN and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) centers, to quinones in the photosynthetic chain and possibly in a chloroplast respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme in this species is believed to be plastoquinone. Couples the redox reaction to proton translocation, and thus conserves the redox energy in a proton gradient.
Part of the chloroplast NDH complex, composed of a mixture of chloroplast and nucleus encoded subunits. Component of the NDH subcomplex A, at least composed of ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK, ndhL, ndhM, ndhN and ndhO.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Fibrillarin family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family.
Involved in the retrieval of endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins from the early Golgi compartment.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase H subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
Putative gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase.
Belongs to the bacterial/plant glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase family.
This protein plays a role in synthesis of starch. It catalyzes the synthesis of the activated glycosyl donor, ADP-glucose from Glc-1-P and ATP.
Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
Belongs to the Clp1 family. Clp1 subfamily.
Required for endonucleolytic cleavage during polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation.
Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane.
Plays a role in U6 snRNP assembly and function. Binds to the 3' end of U6 snRNA.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly.
Belongs to the metallophosphoesterase superfamily. Purple acid phosphatase family.
Belongs to the complex I 23 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.
Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
Required for proper 27S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex) that is part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The b-c1 complex mediates electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c. Contributes to the generation of a proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane that is then used for ATP synthesis.
Esterifies acyl-group from acyl-ACP to the sn-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate. The enzyme from chilling-resistant plants discriminates against non-fluid palmitic acid and selects oleic acid whereas the enzyme from sensitive plants accepts both fatty acids.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Erg6/SMT family.
Recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins.
Allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogen catabolism, the phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen to produce glucose-1-phosphate, and plays a central role in maintaining cellular and organismal glucose homeostasis.
Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
Belongs to the abscisic acid and water stress-induced protein family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
Catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) moieties to form squalene.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.
Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 43 family.
Involved in the synthesis of glucuronoxylan hemicellulose in secondary cell walls.
Belongs to the isochorismate synthase family.
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. RAD16 subfamily.
Belongs to the complex I subunit 3 family.
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) that is believed to belong to the minimal assembly required for catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity of complex I.
Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.
Belongs to the nicotianamine synthase (NAS)-like family.
Synthesizes nicotianamine, a polyamine which serves as a sensor for the physiological iron status within the plant, and/or might be involved in the transport of iron.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
Belongs to the ATPase protein MI25 family.
Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
May be involved in the export of heme to the mitochondrion for the biogenesis of c-type cytochromes.
Belongs to the trehalose phosphatase family.
Removes the phosphate from trehalose 6-phosphate to produce free trehalose. Trehalose accumulation in plant may improve abiotic stress tolerance.
Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
Belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. phosphate:H(+) symporter (TC 2.A.1.9) family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EFM5 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that methylates elongation factor 1-alpha.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type N-acetylglucosamine kinase family.
Belongs to the TFIIE alpha subunit family.
Belongs to the plant CAR protein family.
ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes. Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. Binds to mitochondrial DNA in a site-specific manner.
Homohexamer or homoheptamer. Organized in a ring with a central cavity.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.
Belongs to the zeta carotene desaturase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of zeta-carotene to lycopene via the intermediary of neurosporene. It carries out two consecutive desaturations (introduction of double bonds) at positions C-7 and C-7'.
Belongs to the EARLY FLOWERING 4 family.