Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
Belongs to the fibroblast growth factor-binding protein family.
Protein O-mannose kinase that specifically mediates phosphorylation at the 6-position of an O-mannose of the trisaccharide (N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)-beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)-beta-1,4-mannose) to generate phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide (N-acetylgalactosamine-beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-1,4-(phosphate-6-)mannose). Phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide is a carbohydrate structure present in alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1), which is required for binding laminin G-like domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity. Only shows kinase activity when the GalNAc-beta-3-GlcNAc-beta-terminus is linked to the 4-position of O-mannose, suggesting that this disaccharide serves as the substrate recognition motif.
Belongs to the WD repeat PRL1/PRL2 family.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
The M domain binds the 7SL RNA in presence of SRP19 and binds the signal sequence of presecretory proteins.
The NG domain, also named G domain, is a special guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) domain, which binds GTP and forms a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent complex with a homologous NG domain in the SRP receptor subunit SRPRA. The two NG domains undergo cooperative rearrangements upon their assembly, which culminate in the reciprocal activation of the GTPase activity of one another. SRP receptor compaction upon binding with cargo-loaded SRP and GTPase rearrangement drive SRP-mediated cotranslational protein translocation into the ER.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl protein methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit family.
Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Beta non-catalytic subunit acts as a scaffold on which the AMPK complex assembles, via its C-terminus that bridges alpha (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) and gamma subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3).
Functions as actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. Cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) (TC 2.A.3.3) family.
Plays a role in the early steps of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2) maturation and is required for the stabilization of COX20 and the newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX2 protein.
Inhibits p53- and p73-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain.
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Belongs to the dienelactone hydrolase family.
Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family.
Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB4 subunit family.
Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
Belongs to the complexin/synaphin family.
Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily.
Belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family.
Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
Belongs to the UNC119-binding protein family.
Part of the AP-3 complex, an adaptor-related complex which is not clathrin-associated. The complex is associated with the Golgi region as well as more peripheral structures. It facilitates the budding of vesicles from the Golgi membrane and may be directly involved in trafficking to lysosomes. In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals.
Belongs to the complex I 75 kDa subunit family.
Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins.
Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family.
Enhances all basic T-cell responses to a foreign antigen, namely proliferation, secretion of lymphokines, up-regulation of molecules that mediate cell-cell interaction, and effective help for antibody secretion by B-cells. Essential both for efficient interaction between T and B-cells and for normal antibody responses to T-cell dependent antigens. Does not up-regulate the production of interleukin-2, but superinduces the synthesis of interleukin-10. Prevents the apoptosis of pre-activated T-cells. Plays a critical role in CD40-mediated class switching of immunoglobin isotypes.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family.
Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ2 subfamily.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
Belongs to the complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. RGK family.
As a component of the minor spliceosome, involved in the splicing of U12-type introns in pre-mRNAs.
Belongs to the chromogranin/secretogranin protein family.
Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
Promotes the survival of neuronal populations that are all located either in the central nervous system or directly connected to it.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily.
Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules.
Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Required for correct functioning of the GINS complex, a complex that plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication, and progression of DNA replication forks. GINS complex seems to bind preferentially to single-stranded DNA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL6 family.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Phosphotriesterase family.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit.
Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.
Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.
Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
Belongs to the CRF-binding protein family.
Binds CRF and inactivates it. May prevent inappropriate pituitary-adrenal stimulation in pregnancy.
Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
Downstream effector molecule involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes formation of actin filaments. Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex.
May be involved in fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex.
Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes. Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase.
Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domains.
May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone.
Homodimer or heterodimer (Potential). But, in contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked.
Involved in cytokinesis and spindle organization. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton organization and microtubule stabilization and hence required for proper cell adhesion and migration.
May interact with both microtubules and actin cytoskeleton.
Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. UNG family.
Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine.
G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin).
Hexadecamer of 4 heterotetramers, each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta subunits. Alpha (PHKA1 or PHKA2) and beta (PHKB) are regulatory subunits, gamma (PHKG1 or PHKG2) is the catalytic subunit, and delta is calmodulin.
Essential component of the RMI complex, a complex that plays an important role in the processing of homologous recombination intermediates to limit DNA crossover formation in cells. Promotes TOP3A binding to double Holliday junctions (DHJ) and hence stimulates TOP3A-mediated dissolution. Required for BLM phosphorylation during mitosis. Within the BLM complex, required for BLM and TOP3A stability.
Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
Belongs to the dynein intermediate chain family.
Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs.
Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II).
Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins.
Belongs to the fructosamine kinase family.
Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase family. MAT2B subfamily.
Heterotrimer; composed of a catalytic MAT2A homodimer that binds one regulatory MAT2B chain. Heterohexamer; composed of a central, catalytic MAT2A homotetramer flanked on either side by a regulatory MAT2B chain. NADP binding increases the affinity for MAT2A.
Regulatory subunit of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. Regulates MAT2A catalytic activity by changing its kinetic properties, increasing its affinity for L-methionine.
The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes.
A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
Reversibly inhibits the activity of ATP2A2 in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum by decreasing the apparent affinity of the ATPase for Ca(2+). Modulates the contractility of the heart muscle in response to physiological stimuli via its effects on ATP2A2. Modulates calcium re-uptake during muscle relaxation and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis in the heart muscle. The degree of ATP2A2 inhibition depends on the oligomeric state of PLN.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-X family.
Template-independent DNA polymerase which catalyzes the random addition of deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphate to the 3'-end of a DNA initiator.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the key rate-limiting step in the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
In muscle, parvalbumin is thought to be involved in relaxation after contraction. It binds two calcium ions.
Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.
Belongs to the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor family.
Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
Aquaporins facilitate the transport of water and small neutral solutes across cell membranes.
Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family. AQP11/AQP12 subfamily.
Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. ClC-3/CLCN3 subfamily.
Required for the localization of dynein and dynactin to the mitotic kintochore. Dynein is believed to control the initial lateral interaction between the kinetochore and spindle microtubules and to facilitate the subsequent formation of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments mediated by the NDC80 complex.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers.
Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes.
Belongs to the pterin-4-alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
Hydrolyzes 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA (HIBYL-CoA), a saline catabolite. Has high activity toward isobutyryl-CoA. Could be an isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase that functions in valine catabolism. Also hydrolyzes 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS38 family.
The full-length protein can bind eight Ca(2+) ions via the annexin repeats. Calcium binding causes a major conformation change that modifies dimer contacts and leads to surface exposure of the N-terminal phosphorylation sites; in the absence of Ca(2+), these sites are buried in the interior of the protein core. The N-terminal region becomes disordered in response to calcium-binding.
Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family.
Receptor for glutamate that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.
Belongs to the aldolase class II family. Adducin subfamily.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.
Can bind about 5 Ca(2+) ions per subunit.
Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. BUD23/WBSCR22 family.
Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family.
Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Belongs to the parathyroid hormone family.
PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion.
Belongs to the bZIP family. C/EBP subfamily.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
Has a role in pre-mRNA splicing. Phosphorylates SF2/ASF.
Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Probable C-mannosyltransferase that mediates C-mannosylation of tryptophan residues on target proteins.
Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class III subfamily.
Proposed core component of the chromatin remodeling Ino80 complex which exhibits DNA- and nucleosome-activated ATPase activity and catalyzes ATP-dependent nucleosome sliding.
Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.
Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
Heterodimer of 2 subunits, IMMPL1 and IMMPL2.
May be involved in vesicle transport between the ER and the Golgi complex.
Belongs to the arylamine N-acetyltransferase family.
Belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays contrasting roles in cell death and cell survival by functioning as a pro-apoptotic protein during DNA damage-induced apoptosis, but acting as an anti-apoptotic protein during cytokine receptor-initiated cell death, is involved in tumor suppression.
Interacts with PDPK1 (via N-terminal region), RAD9A, CDCP1, MUC1 and VASP.
Novel PKCs (PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH and PRKCQ) are calcium-insensitive, but activated by diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [GTP] family.
Belongs to the FAM175 family. Abro1 subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 61 family.
Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase IV family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family.
Belongs to the dynein light chain family.
Belongs to the TFIIE beta subunit family.
Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains.
Belongs to the aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase family.
Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, and thus regulates transcriptional activity.
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Vasopressin/oxytocin receptor subfamily.
Involved in the processing of hormone and other protein precursors at sites comprised of pairs of basic amino acid residues. Substrates include POMC, renin, enkephalin, dynorphin, somatostatin, insulin and AGRP.
Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family. ADGF subfamily.
Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family.
Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds.
Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
Catalytic subunit of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA methyltransferase complex that mediates the methylation of the guanosine nucleotide at position 10 (m2G10) in tRNAs.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. NudC subfamily.
Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein alpha subunit family.
F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by forming a channel that allows the retrotranslocation of misfolded proteins into the cytosol where they are ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome.
Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily.
Acts specifically as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family.
Belongs to the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase family.
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
Belongs to the AspA/AstE family. Aspartoacylase subfamily.
Belongs to the alkaline ceramidase family.
Hydrolyzes the sphingolipid ceramide into sphingosine and free fatty acid.
Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL30 family.
Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma.
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family.
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Belongs to the sarcoglycan beta/delta/gamma/zeta family.
Component of the sarcoglycan complex, a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex which forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.
Cross-link to form 2 major subcomplexes: one consisting of SGCB, SGCD and SGCG and the other consisting of SGCB and SGCD. The association between SGCB and SGCG is particularly strong while SGCA is loosely associated with the other sarcoglycans.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. CPSF2/YSH1 subfamily.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
Transports zinc ions across cell and organelle membranes into the cytoplasm and regulates intracellular zinc homeostasis. Participates in the zinc ions efflux out of the secretory compartments. Also functions as membrane androgen receptor that mediates, through a G protein, the non-classical androgen signaling pathway, characterized by the activation of MAPK3/MAPK1 (Erk1/2) and transcription factors CREB1 or ATF1. Moreover, has dual functions as membrane-bound androgen receptor and as an androgen-dependent zinc transporter both of which are mediated through an inhibitory G protein (Gi) that mediates both MAP kinase and zinc signaling leading to the androgen-dependent apoptotic process.
Belongs to the prostaglandin G/H synthase family.
Belongs to the Integrator subunit 12 family.
Protein component of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) of egg-laying females. Potent lipoprotein lipase inhibitor, preventing the loss of triglycerides from VLDL on their way from the liver to the growing oocytes.
Multi domain E3 ubiquitin ligase that also plays a role in DNA methylation and histone modifications.
The YDG domain mediates the interaction with histone H3.
The tudor-like regions specifically recognize and bind histone H3 unmethylated at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me0), while the PHD-type zinc finger specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase subunit F6 family.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain and the peripheric stalk, which acts as a stator to hold the catalytic alpha(3)beta(3) subcomplex and subunit a/ATP6 static relative to the rotary elements. Also involved in the restoration of oligomycin-sensitive ATPase activity to depleted F1-F0 complexes.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.
Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.2/KCNA2 sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family.
Produced by lymphocytes activated by specific antigens or mitogens. IFN-gamma, in addition to having antiviral activity, has important immunoregulatory functions. It is a potent activator of macrophages, it has antiproliferative effects on transformed cells and it can potentiate the antiviral and antitumor effects of the type I interferons.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
TFIIA is a component of the transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II and plays an important role in transcriptional activation.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family.
Belongs to the squalene monooxygenase family.
Catalyzes the stereospecific oxidation of squalene to (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene, and is considered to be a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the potassium channel KCNE family.
Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.
Negative regulator of sphingolipid synthesis.
Syntaxin that may be involved in targeting and fusion of Golgi-derived retrograde transport vesicles with the ER.
Extremely potent competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, this protein interacts with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme after the cAMP-induced dissociation of its regulatory chains.
Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.
Ion transporter that can act both as an ion channel and anion exchanger. Mainly acts as a chloride channel, which mediate uncoupled chloride anion transport in an alternate-access mechanism where a saturable binding site is alternately exposed to either one or the other side of the membrane. Also acts as a DIDS- and thiosulfate- sensitive anion exchanger the exchange of chloride for bicarbonate ions across the cell membrane.
Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. UBA3 subfamily.
Catalytic subunit of the dimeric E1 enzyme, which activates NEDD8.
The small GTPases Rab are key regulators in vesicle trafficking.
Belongs to the sauvagine/corticotropin-releasing factor/urotensin I family.
Binds with high affinity to CRF receptors 2-alpha and 2-beta.
Suppresses food intake, delays gastric emptying and decreases heat-induced edema. Might represent an endogenous ligand for maintaining homeostasis after stress.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment. Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex. The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H. The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and two accessory subunits.
Belongs to the bZIP family. NFIL3 subfamily.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex, which is composed of NAA35, NAA38 and NAA30.
Belongs to the teashirt C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.
Belongs to the V-ATPase G subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC5 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery.
Belongs to the membrane magnesium transporter (TC 1.A.67) family.
Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. May be involved in Mg(2+) transport.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.
Belongs to the purine nucleoside phosphorylase YfiH/LACC1 family.
Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Glutamate--cysteine ligase light chain subfamily.
Heterodimer of a catalytic heavy chain and a regulatory light chain.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.
Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. NADC subfamily.
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
Plays a role in transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the scaffold complex NUBP1-NUBP2. Electrons are transferred to CIAPIN1 from NADPH via the FAD- and FMN-containing protein NDOR1. NDOR1-CIAPIN1 are also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit. Has anti-apoptotic effects in the cell. Involved in negative control of cell death upon cytokine withdrawal. Promotes development of hematopoietic cells.
Monomer. Interacts with NDOR1. Interacts with CHCHD4.
The C-terminal domain binds 2 Fe-S clusters but is otherwise mostly in an intrinsically disordered conformation.
The N-terminal domain has structural similarity with S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, but does not bind S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is required for correct assembly of the 2 Fe-S clusters.
The twin Cx2C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial CHCHD4/MIA40-GFER/ERV1 disulfide relay system. The formation of 2 disulfide bonds in the Cx2C motifs through dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions effectively traps the protein in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily.
Receptor for interleukin-7. Also acts as a receptor for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP).
The IL7 receptor is a heterodimer of IL7R and IL2RG. The TSLP receptor is a heterodimer of CRLF2 and IL7R.
Receptor for endothelin-1. Mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of binding affinities for ET-A is: ET1 > ET2 >> ET3.
Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. SLC24A subfamily.
Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
Catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) moieties to form squalene.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.
Deoxycytidyl transferase involved in DNA repair. Transfers a dCMP residue from dCTP to the 3'-end of a DNA primer in a template-dependent reaction. May assist in the first step in the bypass of abasic lesions by the insertion of a nucleotide opposite the lesion. Required for normal induction of mutations by physical and chemical agents.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
G-protein coupled receptor for cannabinoids. Mediates many cannabinoid-induced effects in the central nervous system (CNS), as well as in peripheral tissues. Signaling typically involves reduction in cyclic AMP.
Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family.
Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A15 subfamily.
Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domain.
Appears to regulate cell growth through interactions with the extracellular matrix and cytokines. Binds calcium and copper, several types of collagen, albumin, thrombospondin, PDGF and cell membranes. There are two calcium binding sites; an acidic domain that binds 5 to 8 Ca(2+) with a low affinity and an EF-hand loop that binds a Ca(2+) ion with a high affinity.
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family. A subfamily.
Heterodimer with IL12A; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12.
Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 7 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.
Involved in autophagic vesicle formation. Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 family proteins and their association to the vesicle membranes. Involved in mitochondrial quality control after oxidative damage, and in subsequent cellular longevity. Plays a critical role in multiple aspects of lymphocyte development and is essential for both B and T lymphocyte survival and proliferation. Required for optimal processing and presentation of antigens for MHC II. Involved in the maintenance of axon morphology and membrane structures, as well as in normal adipocyte differentiation. Promotes primary ciliogenesis through removal of OFD1 from centriolar satellites and degradation of IFT20 via the autophagic pathway.
May play an important role in the apoptotic process, possibly within the modified cytoskeleton. Its expression is a relatively late event in the apoptotic process, occurring downstream of caspase activity. Plays a crucial role in IFN-gamma-induced autophagic cell death by interacting with FADD.
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily.
The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins.