Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
Heterooligomeric complex of about 850 to 900 kDa that forms two stacked rings, 12 to 16 nm in diameter.
Molecular chaperone; assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. Known to play a role, in vitro, in the folding of actin and tubulin.
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. PCH2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. YchF/OLA1 subfamily.
Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP.
Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved spliceosome assembly and in nuclear splicing. Catalyzes an ATP-dependent conformational change of U2 snRNP. Bridges U1 and U2 snRNPs and enables stable U2 snRNP association with intron RNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX46/PRP5 subfamily.
The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.
Required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL49 family.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.
Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
Involved in cell wall synthesis where it is required for glycosylation. Involved in cell cycle progression through cell-size checkpoint (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 72 family.
Splits internally a 1,3-beta-glucan molecule and transfers the newly generated reducing end (the donor) to the non-reducing end of another 1,3-beta-glucan molecule (the acceptor) forming a 1,3-beta linkage, resulting in the elongation of 1,3-beta-glucan chains in the cell wall.
Required for mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly and respiration.
Belongs to the PHP hydrolase family. HisK subfamily.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ARD1 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family.
Required for pre-18S rRNA processing. May bind microtubules (By similarity).
Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Required for the processing and cleavage of 35S pre-rRNA at sites A0, A1, and A2, leading to mature 18S rRNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX48/FAL1 subfamily.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
ATPase required for the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. This complex then targets to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane-bound receptors, where the tail-anchored protein is released for insertion. This process is regulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis. ATP binding drives the homodimer towards the closed dimer state, facilitating recognition of newly synthesized TA membrane proteins. ATP hydrolysis is required for insertion. Subsequently, the homodimer reverts towards the open dimer state, lowering its affinity for the membrane-bound receptor, and returning it to the cytosol to initiate a new round of targeting.
Belongs to the SLC41A transporter family.
Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class I subfamily.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A family.
Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
Golgi membrane protein involved in vesicular trafficking and spindle migration.
Negative regulator of transcription elongation.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolases 36 family.
Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. GlgB subfamily.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.
Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events.
Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.
Required for 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Also involved in chromosome segregation where it has a role in chromosome attachment to the mitotic spindle (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family.
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS25 family.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2).
Component of the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54, associated with the 70 kDa heterohexamer composed of TIM9 and TIM10 (or TIM8 and TIM13).
Essential component of the TIM22 complex, a complex that mediates the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. The TIM22 complex forms a twin-pore translocase that uses the membrane potential as external driving force (By similarity).
Belongs to the aldolase class II family. MtnB subfamily.
Catalyzes the dehydration of methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P) into 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P).
Belongs to the sphingosine N-acyltransferase family.
Component of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel, protecting the emerging polypeptides from interaction with other cytoplasmic proteins to ensure appropriate nascent protein targeting. The NAC complex also promotes mitochondrial protein import by enhancing productive ribosome interactions with the outer mitochondrial membrane and blocks the inappropriate interaction of ribosomes translating non-secretory nascent polypeptides with translocation sites in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. EGD2 may also be involved in transcription regulation (By similarity).
Part of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), consisting of EGD2 and EGD1. NAC associates with ribosomes via EGD1 (By similarity).
Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL36 family.
Belongs to the 2-oxoadipate dioxygenase/decarboxylase family.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and is required for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX56/DBP9 subfamily.
Involved in nucleotide metabolism via production of dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides, and decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the trehalose phosphatase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glycosyltransferase 20 family.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK6 subfamily.
Broad-specificity nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has also ATPase activity. May be involved in rRNA maturation and transcription regulation.
Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 1 family.
Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFS5 subunit family.
Belongs to the ubiA prenyltransferase family.
Converts protoheme IX and farnesyl diphosphate to heme O.
Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese.
Belongs to the cytochrome c-type heme lyase family.
Lyase that catalyzes the covalent linking of the heme group to the cytochrome C apoprotein to produce the mature functional cytochrome.
Belongs to the actin family. ARP6 subfamily.
Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Involved in chromosome stability (By similarity).
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase NEP1 family.
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family. Delta-COP subfamily.
Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
Catalytic subunit in the complex catalyzing the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol, the first step of GPI biosynthesis.
The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity).
Belongs to the RNA cytidine acetyltransferase family. NAT10 subfamily.
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase with specificity toward both 18S rRNA and tRNAs. Catalyzes the formation of N(4)-acetylcytidine (ac4C) in 18S rRNA. Required for early nucleolar cleavages of precursor rRNA at sites A0, A1 and A2 during 18S rRNA synthesis. Catalyzes the formation of ac4C in serine and leucine tRNAs. Requires the tRNA-binding adapter protein TAN1 for full tRNA acetyltransferase activity but not for 18S rRNA acetylation.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network.
Required for the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase.
Belongs to the trans-sulfuration enzymes family.
Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 15 family.
Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family.
Belongs to the WD repeat MDV1/CAF4 family.
Involved in mitochondrial fission. Acts as an adapter protein required to form mitochondrial fission complexes. Formation of these complexes is required to promote constriction and fission of the mitochondrial compartment at a late step in mitochondrial division (By similarity).
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. ISWI subfamily.
May play a role in anterograde transport of membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
Involved in the second step of GPI biosynthesis. De-N-acetylation of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family.
Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins.
Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
Specifically methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 in various cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Methylation is not dependent on the nature of the nucleoside 5' of the target nucleoside. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base adjacent to the anticodon of tRNAs and required for accurate decoding.
Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. HEN1 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat NOL10/ENP2 family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA2 subunit family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
In eukaryotes there are cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozymes.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS21 family.
Required for vacuolar assembly and vacuolar traffic.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex.
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
DNA helicase which participates in several chromatin remodeling complexes, including the SWR1 and the INO80 complexes. The SWR1 complex mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. The INO80 complex remodels chromatin by shifting nucleosomes and is involved in DNA repair. Also involved in pre-rRNA processing (By similarity).
May form heterododecamers with RVB2. Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex, and of the R2TP complex (By similarity).
Functions as actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Acts as a regulatory subunit for PP2A-like phosphatases modulating their activity or substrate specificity, probably by inducing a conformational change in the catalytic subunit, a direct target of the PPIase. Can reactivate inactive phosphatase PP2A-phosphatase methylesterase complexes (PP2Ai) in presence of ATP and Mg(2+) by dissociating the inactive form from the complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC3 subfamily.
Belongs to the class-II DAHP synthase family.
Binds 1 divalent cation per subunit. The enzyme is active with manganese, cobalt or cadmium ions.
Associates with the NTC complex (or PRP19-associated complex). The NTC complex associates with the spliceosome after the release of the U1 and U4 snRNAs and forms the CWC spliceosome subcomplex reminiscent of a late-stage spliceosome.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. May function at or prior to the first catalytic step of splicing at the catalytic center of the spliceosome. May do so by stabilizing the catalytic center or the position of the RNA substrate (By similarity).
Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. NOG2 subfamily.
GTPase that associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus and is required for their nuclear export and maturation.
RNA-binding component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) complex, which plays a key role in polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation and cooperates with cleavage factors including the CFIA complex and NAB4/CFIB. Involved in poly(A) site recognition. May be involved in coupling transcription termination and mRNA 3'-end formation (By similarity).
Non-catalytic component of the proteasome.
ATP-dependent DNA helicase involved in DNA damage repair by homologous recombination and in genome maintenance. Capable of unwinding D-loops. Plays a role in limiting crossover recombinants during mitotic DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Component of a FANCM-MHF complex which promotes gene conversion at blocked replication forks, probably by reversal of the stalled fork.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. FANCM sub-subfamily.
Interacts with the MHF histone-fold complex to form the FANCM-MHF complex.
Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family.
Thiolesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-lactoyl-glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid.
Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
The active site is a redox-active disulfide bond.
Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
Belongs to the class-I DAHP synthase family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 32 family.
Non-classical phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) transfer protein (PITP), which exhibits PtdIns-binding/transfer activity in the absence of detectable PtdCho-binding/transfer activity. Regulates PtdIns(4,5)P2 homeostasis at the plasma membrane. Heme-binding protein that may play a role in organic oxidant-induced stress responses.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the TFIIF alpha subunit family.
TFIIF is a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and helps to recruit it to the initiation complex in collaboration with TFIIB. It promotes transcription elongation.
Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
A component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III).
Required for the sorting and concentration of proteins resulting in the entry of these proteins into the invaginating vesicles of the multivesicular body (MVB). Also required for the proteolytic cleavage of the transcription factor RIM101 in response to alkaline ambient pH (By similarity).
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL43 family.
Component of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel, protecting the emerging polypeptides from interaction with other cytoplasmic proteins to ensure appropriate nascent protein targeting. The NAC complex also promotes mitochondrial protein import by enhancing productive ribosome interactions with the outer mitochondrial membrane and blocks the inappropriate interaction of ribosomes translating non-secretory nascent polypeptides with translocation sites in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. EGD1 may act as a transcription factor that exert a negative effect on the expression of several genes that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TrmB family.
Catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
May associate with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
mRNA-binding protein involved in proper cytoplasmic distribution of mitochondria.
Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel.
Catalyzes the second and fifth step in the 'de novo' purine biosynthesis pathway; contains phosphoribosylamine--glycine ligase (GARS) and phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase (AIRS) activities.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the AIR synthase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GARS family.
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation.
Required for the synthesis of 40S ribosome subunits. Has a role in processing 20S pre-rRNA into the mature 18S rRNA, where it is required for cleavage at the 3' end of the mature 18S rRNA (D-site). Accompanies the 20S pre-rRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
Constituent of COPII-coated endoplasmic reticulum-derived transport vesicles. Required for efficient transport of a subset of secretory proteins to the Golgi. Facilitates retrograde transport from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35B subfamily.
May be involved in specific transport of UDP-Gal from the cytosol to the Golgi lumen. Involved in the maintenance of optimal conditions for the folding of secretory pathway proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
There are two genes coding for HUT1 in strain JEC21, due to a translocation and segmental duplication on chromosomes 8 and 12.
Belongs to the helicase family. RAD25/XPB subfamily.
Belongs to the proteasome inhibitor PI31 family.
Plays an important role in control of proteasome function. Inhibits the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates by the 20S proteasome. Also inhibits the activation of the proteasome by the proteasome regulatory proteins PA700 and PA28.
Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family.
Component of the NOP7 complex, composed of ERB1, NOP7 and YTM1. The complex is held together by ERB1, which interacts with NOP7 via its N-terminal domain and with YTM1 via a high-affinity interaction between the seven-bladed beta-propeller domains of the 2 proteins. The NOP7 complex associates with the 66S pre-ribosome. Interacts (via UBL domain) with MDN1 (via VWFA/MIDAS domain).
Component of the NOP7 complex, which is required for maturation of the 25S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome.
Component of the cytoplasmic LSM1-LSM7 complex which is involved in mRNA degradation.
Component of the heptameric LSM1-LSM7 complex that forms a seven-membered ring structure with a donut shape.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
Participates in the folding of proteins containing disulfide bonds, may be involved in glycosylation, prolyl hydroxylation and triglyceride transfer.
Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35D subfamily.
Involved in the import of GDP-mannose from the cytoplasm into the Golgi lumen.
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-5 (PP-T) subfamily.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA12 subunit family.
Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
Belongs to the clathrin light chain family.
Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 6 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis of a small number of specific mRNAs. Acts by directing the binding of methionyl-tRNAi to 40S ribosomal subunits. In contrast to the eIF-2 complex, it binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a codon-dependent manner, whereas the eIF-2 complex binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a GTP-dependent manner.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 2 family.
Component of ribonuclease P, a protein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5'-ends.
Belongs to the class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. One is catalytic and the other provides a structural contribution.
Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis.
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides.
Catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols.
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. LeuA type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Belongs to the diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase family.
Self-associates. Interacts with PAC1 (By similarity).
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIIA subfamily.
The plasma membrane ATPase of plants and fungi is a hydrogen ion pump. The proton gradient it generates drives the active transport of nutrients by H(+)-symport. The resulting external acidification and/or internal alkinization may mediate growth responses.
Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. May play a role in changing or maintaining the spatial distribution of cytoskeletal structures.
Belongs to the dynein light chain family.
Cytoplasmic dynein consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits which present intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs).
Essential component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Plays a role in transcription regulation by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. Also involved in postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA, in N-end rule-dependent protein degradation and in sporulation.
Belongs to the phage and mitochondrial RNA polymerase family.
E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8 from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8. The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt). The ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal membrane during autophagy (By similarity).
Monomer. Interacts with ATG8 through an intermediate thioester bond through the C-terminal Gly of ATG8. Also interacts with the 40 amino acid C-terminal region of the E1-like ATG7 enzyme. Interacts also with the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate.
The N-terminal region is involved in phosphatidylethanolamine-binding and is required for ATG8-PE conjugation.
The flexible region (FR) is required for ATG7-binding.
The handle region (HR) contains the ATG8 interaction motif (AIM) and mediates binding to ATG8. It is crucial for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway (By similarity).
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Mevalonate kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL54 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. NTM1 family.
Acetylation of histone H3 leads to transcriptional activation. H3K14ac formation by GCN5 is promoted by H3S10ph. H3K14ac can also be formed by ESA1. H3K56ac formation occurs predominantly in newly synthesized H3 molecules during G1, S and G2/M of the cell cycle and may be involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (By similarity).
Mono-, di- and trimethylated by the COMPASS complex to form H3K4me1/2/3. H3K4me activates gene expression by regulating transcription elongation and plays a role in telomere length maintenance. H3K4me enrichment correlates with transcription levels, and occurs in a 5' to 3' gradient with H3K4me3 enrichment at the 5'-end of genes, shifting to H3K4me2 and then H3K4me1. Methylated by SET2 to form H3K36me. H3K36me represses gene expression. Methylated by DOT1 to form H3K79me. H3K79me is required for association of SIR proteins with telomeric regions and for telomeric silencing. The COMPASS-mediated formation of H3K4me2/3 and the DOT1-mediated formation of H3K79me require H2BK123ub1 (By similarity).
Phosphorylated to form H3S10ph. H3S10ph promotes subsequent H3K14ac formation and is required for transcriptional activation through TBP recruitment to the promoters (By similarity).
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA (By similarity).
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H3K4me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-5; H3K9ac = acetylated Lys-10; H3K9me1 = monomethylated Lys-10; H3S10ph = phosphorylated Ser-11; H3K14ac = acetylated Lys-15; H3K14me2 = dimethylated Lys-15; H3K18ac = acetylated Lys-19; H3K18me1 = monomethylated Lys-19; H3K23ac = acetylated Lys-24; H3K23me1 = monomethylated Lys-24; H3K27ac = acetylated Lys-28; H3K27me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-28; H3K36ac = acetylated Lys-39; H3K36me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-39; H3K56ac = acetylated Lys-59; H3K64ac = acetylated Lys-67; H3K79me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-82.
In the cytoplasm, catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, the second step in glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis.
Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family. MTAP subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (MTA) to adenine and 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate. Involved in the breakdown of MTA, a major by-product of polyamine biosynthesis. Responsible for the first step in the methionine salvage pathway after MTA has been generated from S-adenosylmethionine. Has broad substrate specificity with 6-aminopurine nucleosides as preferred substrates.
Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the formate--tetrahydrofolate ligase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase family.
Heterotetramer; composed of two copies of TRM6 and two copies of TRM61.
Substrate-binding subunit of tRNA (adenine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) in initiator methionyl-tRNA.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. PyrE subfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of a ribosyl phosphate group from 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate to orotate, leading to the formation of orotidine monophosphate (OMP).
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
Catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. This is a prerequisite for the S-specific NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase to allow the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX.
Essential protein which may be involved in threonine biosynthesis.
Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that specifically methylates the N(1) position of an adenine present in helix 65 in 25S rRNA.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.
Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M41 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase H subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex.
Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. BUD23/WBSCR22 family.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family. NUBP1/NBP35 subfamily.
Binds 4 [4Fe-4S] clusters per heterotetramer. Contains two stable clusters in the N-termini of NBP35 and two labile, bridging clusters between subunits of the NBP35-CFD1 heterotetramer.
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Required for maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. The NBP35-CFD1 heterotetramer forms a Fe-S scaffold complex, mediating the de novo assembly of an Fe-S cluster and its transfer to target apoproteins.
Heterotetramer of 2 NBP35 and 2 CFD1 chains.
Essential factor for the assembly of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I).
Belongs to the complex I 30 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL19 family.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
Divalent metal ions. Mg(2+) is the most effective.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.
Involved in mitochondrial genome encoded proteins translation. Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes (By similarity).
Part of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 4 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL28 family.
Component of an histone acetyltransferase complex.
Component of an histone acetyltransferase complex. Interacts with H3K4me3 and to a lesser extent with H3K4me2.
The PHD-type zinc finger mediates the binding to H3K4me3.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL13 family.
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP2 subfamily.
Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. UMP-CMP kinase subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphates at the expense of ATP. Plays an important role in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Has preference for UMP and dUMP as phosphate acceptors, but can also use CMP, dCMP and AMP.
Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon ATP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent ATP hydrolysis.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways.
Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Has a role in the nuclear export of 40S pre-ribosomal subunit to the cytoplasm.
Belongs to the purine-cytosine permease (2.A.39) family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 61 family.
Has a modular structure: an endo-beta-1,4-glucanase catalytic module at the N-terminus, a linker rich in serines and threonines, and a C-terminal carbohydrate-binding module (CBM). The genes for catalytic modules and CBMs seem to have evolved separately and have been linked by gene fusion.
Has endoglucanase activity on substrates containing beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Involved in the degradation of complex natural cellulosic substrates.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL6 family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 11 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors.
Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-II family.
Functions in the biosynthesis of the anionic phospholipids phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Binds and is required for the stability of snRNA U1, U2, U4 and U5 which contain a highly conserved structural motif called the Sm binding site. Involved in cap modification.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS12 family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome biogenesis through rRNA processing.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX5/DBP2 subfamily.
Belongs to the pyridoxine kinase family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. DOT1 family.
Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates histone H3 to form H3K79me3. This methylation is required for telomere silencing and for the pachytene checkpoint during the meiotic cell cycle by allowing the recruitment of RAD9 to double strand breaks. Nucleosomes are preferred as substrate compared to free histone.
In contrast to other lysine histone methyltransferases, it does not contain a SET domain, suggesting the existence of another mechanism for methylation of lysine residues of histones.
Ubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1 is required for efficient DOT1 methyltransferase activity on histone H3.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.
Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX54/DBP10 subfamily.
Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and MDM34. A MMM1 homodimer associates with one molecule of MDM12 on each side in a pairwise head-to-tail manner, and the SMP-LTD domains of MMM1 and MDM12 generate a continuous hydrophobic tunnel for phospholipid trafficking.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. MDM12 is required for the interaction of the ER-resident membrane protein MMM1 and the outer mitochondrial membrane-resident beta-barrel protein MDM10. The MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex functions in the major beta-barrel assembly pathway that is responsible for biogenesis of all mitochondrial outer membrane beta-barrel proteins, and acts in a late step after the SAM complex. The MDM10-MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex further acts in the TOM40-specific pathway after the action of the MDM12-MMM1 complex. Essential for establishing and maintaining the structure of mitochondria and maintenance of mtDNA nucleoids.
The SMP-LTD domain is a barrel-like domain that can bind various types of glycerophospholipids in its interior and mediate their transfer between two adjacent bilayers.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL19 family.
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit p55 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM61 family.
Catalytic subunit of tRNA (adenine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) in initiator methionyl-tRNA.
Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM8 and 3 copies of TIM13, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit (By similarity).
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of some multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space. The TIM8-TIM13 complex is non essential and only mediates the import of few proteins, while the predominant TIM9-TIM10 70 kDa complex is crucial and mediates the import of much more proteins (By similarity).
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM8 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
Activated by C-terminal proteolytic cleavage by signaling protease (probably palB/RIM13) at neutral to alkaline ambient pH.
Binds to DNA. Interacts with RIM20, which binds to the YPX[LI] motifs and is required for proteolytic processing (By similarity).
Transcription factor that mediates regulation of both acid- and alkaline-expressed genes in response to ambient pH. At alkaline ambient pH, activates transcription of alkaline-expressed genes (including RIM101 itself) and represses transcription of acid-expressed genes (By similarity).
Involved in cell fusion during mating by stabilizing the plasma membrane fusion event.
Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. 6-phosphogluconolactonase subfamily.
Hydrolysis of 6-phosphogluconolactone to 6-phosphogluconate.
Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the SIMIBI class G3E GTPase family. UreG subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 31 family.
Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
Activated by tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Dually phosphorylated on Thr-181 and Tyr-183, which activates the enzyme.
Responds to activation by environmental stress by phosphorylating downstream targets.
The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. The coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the PC-esterase family. CASD1 subfamily.
Probable O-acetyltransferase required for the O-acetylation of the capsular glucoronoxylmannans (GXM) involved in virulence.
Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
Acetylated once deposited into chromatin.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2A.Z forms a heterodimer with H2B. H2A.Z associates with the VPS72/SWC2 subunit of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Interacts also with RBP1/DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit (By similarity).
Variant histone H2A which can replace H2A in some nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. This variant is enriched at promoters, it may keep them in a repressed state until the appropriate activation signal is received. Near telomeres, it may counteract gene silencing caused by the spread of heterochromatin proteins. Required for the RNA polymerase II and SPT15/TBP recruitment to the target genes. Involved in chromosome stability (By similarity).
Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. UNG family.
Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine.
Component of the microsomal membrane bound fatty acid elongation system, which produces the 26-carbon very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) from palmitate. Catalyzes the reduction of the 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediate that is formed in each cycle of fatty acid elongation. VLCFAs serve as precursors for ceramide and sphingolipids.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and cell cycle control.
Belongs to the prenylcysteine oxidase family.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. AKR/ZDHHC17 subfamily.
It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-5 is the initiator.
Palmitoyltransferase specific for casein kinase 1.
Belongs to the opioid growth factor receptor family.
Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy.
Involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagic vesicle formation. Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy). Also required for mitophagy, which eliminates defective or superfluous mitochondria in order to fulfill cellular energy requirements and prevent excess ROS production. Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function. The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 and ATG8 association to the vesicle membranes (By similarity).
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatB subfamily.
Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A, B and C subunits.
Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. CSN5 subfamily.
Catalytic Component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex that acts as an regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunit of SCF-type E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.
Component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex.
The JAMM motif is essential for the protease activity of the CSN complex resulting in deneddylation of cullins. It constitutes the catalytic center of the complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 4 family.
ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes. Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. Binds to mitochondrial DNA in a site-specific manner.
Homohexamer or homoheptamer. Organized in a ring with a central cavity.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the HesA/MoeB/ThiF family. UBA4 subfamily.
Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit. In the homodimer, two zinc ions are bound between subunits.
Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S-lactoylglutathione.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.
Belongs to the ETF beta-subunit/FixA family.
The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for several dehydrogenases, including five acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase).
Belongs to the V-ATPase V0D/AC39 subunit family.
Subunit of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments. This subunit is a non-integral membrane component of the membrane pore domain and is required for proper assembly of the V0 sector. Might be involved in the regulated assembly of V1 subunits onto the membrane sector or alternatively may prevent the passage of protons through V0 pores.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. RHD3 subfamily.
Cooperates with the reticulon proteins and tubule-shaping DP1 family proteins to generate and maintain the structure of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum network. Has GTPase activity, which is required for its function in ER organization.
Belongs to the pyridoxal phosphate-binding protein YggS/PROSC family.
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-binding protein, which may be involved in intracellular homeostatic regulation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS17 family.
Key component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into apoproteins specifically involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity. In the CIA complex, MMS19 acts as an adapter between early-acting CIA components and a subset of cellular target iron-sulfur proteins.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.
Expressed abundantly under sexual development conditions.
Expression is not seen in haploid cells where both copies of the gene are deleted and there is no discernible phenotype with respect to haplotype growth in strains with complete deletions. However, there is a complete absence of sexual development and strains fail to form dikaryotic filaments/spores. Where only a single copy is present in a wild-type and mutant mating pair sexual development is indistinguishable from a wild-type mating pair. Expression is up-regulated during sexual development.
Required for developmental progression after cells of opposite mating types fuse with one another, essential for processes common to both dikaryotic filament formation and monokaryotic fruiting. A direct target for transcription factors Sxi1-alpha and Sxi2-a.
Associates with the EF-Tu.GDP complex and induces the exchange of GDP to GTP. It remains bound to the aminoacyl-tRNA.EF-Tu.GTP complex up to the GTP hydrolysis stage on the ribosome.
Bifunctional DNA N-glycosylase with associated apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) lyase function that catalyzes the first step in base excision repair (BER), the primary repair pathway for the repair of oxidative DNA damage. The DNA N-glycosylase activity releases the damaged DNA base from DNA by cleaving the N-glycosidic bond, leaving an AP site. The AP lyase activity cleaves the phosphodiester bond 3' to the AP site by a beta-elimination. Primarily recognizes and repairs oxidative base damage of pyrimidines.
Belongs to the WD repeat PROPPIN family.
Component of the PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex.
The L/FRRG motif is essential for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) pathway, for the recruitment of ATG8 and ATG16 to the PAS in nutrient-rich medium, and for its recruitment to and dissociation from the PAS under starvation conditions.
The N-terminus might form a beta-propeller domain involved in specific binding to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), leading to the association of the protein to the membrane.
The PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex regulates both the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Necessary for proper vacuole morphology. Plays an important role in osmotically-induced vacuole fragmentation. Required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation, pexophagy and starvation-induced autophagy. Involved in correct ATG9 trafficking to the pre-autophagosomal structure. Might also be involved in premeiotic DNA replication (By similarity).
Catalyzes three sequential steps of tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the DHPS family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the DHNA family.
In the central section; belongs to the HPPK family.
Cleaves proteins, imported into the mitochondrion, to their mature size. While most mitochondrial precursor proteins are processed to the mature form in one step by mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP), the sequential cleavage by MIP of an octapeptide after initial processing by MPP is a required step for a subgroup of nuclear-encoded precursor proteins destined for the matrix or the inner membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 39 family.
Transfers mannose from Dol-P-mannose to Ser or Thr residues on proteins.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.
Component of LSm protein complexes, which are involved in RNA processing and may function in a chaperone-like manner, facilitating the efficient association of RNA processing factors with their substrates. Component of the cytoplasmic LSM1-LSM7 complex, which is thought to be involved in mRNA degradation by activating the decapping step in the 5'-to-3' mRNA decay pathway. Component of the nuclear LSM2-LSM8 complex, which is involved in splicing of nuclear mRNAs. LSM2-LSM8 associates with multiple snRNP complexes containing the U6 snRNA (U4/U6 di-snRNP, spliceosomal U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP, and free U6 snRNP). It binds directly to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA and plays a role in the biogenesis and stability of the U6 snRNP and U4/U6 snRNP complexes. LSM2-LSM8 probably also is involved degradation of nuclear pre-mRNA by targeting them for decapping, and in processing of pre-tRNAs, pre-rRNAs and U3 snoRNA (By similarity).
Component of the heptameric LSM1-LSM7 complex, which consists of LSM1, LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6 and LSM7. Component of the heptameric LSM2-LSM8 complex, which consists of LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8. The LSm subunits form a seven-membered ring structure with a doughnut shape (By similarity).
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis. The main function of this enzyme is to provide reducing power (NADPH) and pentose phosphates for fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis.
Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
Allosterically activated by ADP, AMP, or fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, and allosterically inhibited by ATP or citrate.
Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade "E" sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis.
Has a dual role in the assembly of mitochondrial ATPase. Acts as a protease that removes N-terminal residues of mitochondrial ATPase CF(0) subunit 6 at the intermembrane space side. Also involved in the correct assembly of the membrane-embedded ATPase CF(0) particle, probably mediating association of subunit 6 with the subunit 9 ring (By similarity).
Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
Catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate, via the formation of 2-isopropylmaleate.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS30 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat CDC20/Fizzy family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Involved in ribosome biosynthesis (By similarity).
Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
Serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family.
Belongs to the threonine aldolase family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin conjugation factor E4 family.
Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family.
Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS29 family.
Belongs to the class-II fumarase/aspartase family. Fumarase subfamily.
GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. CWC27 subfamily.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity).
May form heterododecamers with RVB1. Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex, and of the R2TP complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the fluoride channel Fluc/FEX (TC 1.A.43) family.
Fluoride channel required for the rapid expulsion of cytoplasmic fluoride.
May be required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and pexophagy.
The PX domain binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate which is necessary for peripheral membrane localization to the perivacuolar punctate structures.
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DCP2 subfamily.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit beta family.
Catalyzes the transfer of a geranylgeranyl moiety from geranylgeranyl diphosphate to both cysteines of proteins with the C-terminal sequence -XXCC, -XCXC and -CCXX.
G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Involved in the mating pathway.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val).
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
Required for proper 27S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.
Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.
The Rieske protein is a high potential 2Fe-2S protein.
Belongs to the NFYA/HAP2 subunit family.
Component of the sequence-specific heterotrimeric transcription factor (NF-Y) which specifically recognizes a 5'-CCAAT-3' box motif found in the promoters of its target genes.
Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV), also known as cytochrome c oxidase. May participate in merging the COX1 and COX2 assembly lines.
Involved in protein synthesis. Involved in microtubule stabilization (By similarity).
Belongs to the chorismate synthase family.
Belongs to the MsrA Met sulfoxide reductase family.
Allosterically inhibited by 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS).
Catalyzes the first intracellular reaction of sulfate assimilation, forming adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) from inorganic sulfate and ATP. Plays an important role in sulfate activation as a component of the biosynthesis pathway of sulfur-containing amino acids.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the APS kinase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family.
The adenylyl-sulfate kinase (APS kinase) is non-functional. It is involved in allosteric regulation by PAPS. PAPS binding induces a large rotational rearrangement of domains lowering the substrate affinity of the enzyme.
Component of the RIX1 complex required for processing of ITS2 sequences from 35S pre-rRNA.
Belongs to the ketol-acid reductoisomerase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family.
E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 and ATG8 for its conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Plays a role in the regulation of filamentous growth and chronological longevity (By similarity).
The GxGxxG motif is important for the function, possibly through binding with ATP.
Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.
Belongs to the complex I 24 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 17 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
Catalyzes a 2-step reaction, involving the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the covalently attached biotin in the first step and the transfer of the carboxyl group to pyruvate in the second.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. FDH subfamily.
Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of formate to carbon dioxide. Formate oxidation is the final step in the methanol oxidation pathway in methylotrophic microorganisms. Has a role in the detoxification of exogenous formate in non-methylotrophic organisms.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
Involved in amino sugar synthesis (formation of chitin, supplies the amino sugars of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins).
Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate.
Belongs to the prephenate/arogenate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the TFIIE alpha subunit family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
Alternates between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP).
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
Belongs to the diphthine synthase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the precorrin methyltransferase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that catalyzes four methylations of the modified target histidine residue in translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), to form an intermediate called diphthine methyl ester. The four successive methylation reactions represent the second step of diphthamide biosynthesis.
Functions as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) for Hsp70 chaperones which accelerates the release of ADP. Required for fully efficient Hsp70-mediated folding of proteins (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase B chain family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. In yeast, the dimeric form of ATP synthase consists of 17 polypeptides: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, 4 (B), 5 (OSCP), 6 (A), 8, 9 (C), d, E (Tim11), f, g, h, i/j and k.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain and the peripheric stalk, which acts as a stator to hold the catalytic alpha(3)beta(3) subcomplex and subunit a/ATP6 static relative to the rotary elements.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Required for the processing and cleavage of 35S pre-rRNA at sites A0, A1, and A2, leading to mature 18S rRNA.
Associates in the nucleolus with the 60S and pre-60S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX18/HAS1 subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
Belongs to the ferroportin (FP) (TC 2.A.100) family. SLC40A subfamily.
May be involved in iron transport and iron homeostasis.
ATP dependent phosphorylation of adenosine and other related nucleoside analogs to monophosphate derivatives.
Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.
Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. CPSF2/YSH1 subfamily.
DNA-binding protein that induces severe bending of DNA. Required for DNA-binding by the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. Also augments the fidelity of transcription by RNA polymerase III independently of any role in the FACT complex (By similarity).
Weakly associates with the stable SPT16-POB3 heterodimer to form the FACT complex.
Catalyzes the 2-thiolation of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Required for the formation of 5-taurinomethyl-2-thiouridine (tm5s2U) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu), and tRNA(Gln) at the wobble position. ATP is required to activate the C2 atom of the wobble base.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) to form flavin mononucleotide (FMN) coenzyme.
Belongs to the Dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs. Specifically modifies U47 in cytoplasmic tRNAs (By similarity). Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine in some mRNAs, thereby affecting their translation (By similarity).
Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.
DNA-binding transcription factor that specifically binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE) and activates transcription (PubMed:17040492). Together with its coregulator SSA1, activates expression of laccase LAC1 during glucose starvation (PubMed:17040492).
Homotrimer (By similarity). Homotrimerization increases the affinity of HSF1 to DNA (By similarity). Interacts with transcriptional coregulator SSA1 on chromatin (PubMed:17040492).
Belongs to the fungal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger family.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.
Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
Required for the maintenance of the structure of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Involved in mitochondrial morphology. Causes growth arrest when highly overexpressed (By similarity).
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA8 subunit family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2) during ubiquinone biosynthesis. Has also a structural role in the COQ enzyme complex, stabilizing other COQ polypeptides.
Component of a multi-subunit COQ enzyme complex, composed of at least COQ3, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7 and COQ9.
Involved in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). Possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Also involved in meiotic DSB processing.
Scaffold protein for the de novo synthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters within mitochondria, which is required for maturation of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] proteins.
Belongs to the polyprenol kinase family.
Belongs to the helicase family. SKI2 subfamily.
Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in transcription elongation and required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus. SUB2 also plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and spliceosome assembly. May be involved in rDNA and telomeric silencing, and maintenance of genome integrity (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DECD subfamily.
Belongs to the complex I 51 kDa subunit family.
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I.
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein, 2 core protein subunits, and additional low-molecular weight protein subunits.
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
Allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogen catabolism, the phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen to produce glucose-1-phosphate, and plays a central role in maintaining cellular and organismal glucose homeostasis.
Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2.
Belongs to the very long-chain fatty acids dehydratase HACD family.
Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates to the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators.
Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family.
Belongs to the BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase family.
Probably plays a role in facilitating the assembly of multimeric protein complexes inside the ER. Is required for secretory polypeptide translocation. May physically associate with SEC63 protein in the endoplasmic reticulum and this interaction may be regulated by ATP hydrolysis.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family.
Probable helicase, member of the UBC2/RAD6 epistasis group. Functions with DNA repair protein RAD18 in error-free postreplication DNA repair. Involved in the maintenance of wild-type rates of instability of simple repetitive sequences such as poly(GT) repeats. Seems to be involved in maintaining a balance which acts in favor of error-prone non-homologous joining during DNA double-strand breaks repairs (By similarity).
Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
Belongs to the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase family.
Imidazole glycerol-phosphate dehydratase required for histidine biosynthesis.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.
Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR).
Catalytic component of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. Acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4 which is required for telomeric silencing. Has intrinsic substrate specificity that modifies lysine in recognition sequence GXGKXG. Involved in DNA double-strand break repair (By similarity).
Component of the HAT-B complex composed of at least HAT1 and HAT2. The HAT-B complex binds to histone H4 tail (By similarity).
Catalyzes the last step of tRNA splicing, the transfer of the splice junction 2'-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD to produce ADP-ribose 1''-2'' cyclic phosphate.
Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family.
Belongs to the ribose 5-phosphate isomerase family.
Belongs to the squalene monooxygenase family.
Catalyzes the stereospecific oxidation of squalene to (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene, and is considered to be a rate-limiting enzyme in steroid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the non-repetitive/WGA-negative nucleoporin family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC34/RPC39 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Forms a heterodimer with the catalytic subunit TRM8.
Required for the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA. In the complex, it is required to stabilize and induce conformational changes of the catalytic subunit.
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Fungal signal recognition particle consists of a 7S RNA molecule (scR1) and at least six protein subunits: srp72, srp68, srp54, sec65, srp21 and srp14.
Signal-recognition-particle (SRP) assembly has a crucial role in targeting secretory proteins to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. SRP is required for the cotranslational protein translocation for ER import and preferentially recognizes strongly hydrophobic signal sequences. It is involved in targeting the nascent chain-ribosome (RNC) complex to the ER and is proposed to participate in the arrest of nascent chain elongation during membrane targeting. SRP54 binds to the signal sequence of presecretory protein when they emerge from the ribosomes. SRP54 interacts with the scR1 RNA and mediates the association of the resulting SRP-RNC complex with the signal recognition particle receptor (SR) via its alpha subunit SRP101. Both, SRP54 and SRP101, are locked in their GTP bound forms in the SRP-RNC-SR complex, which dissociates upon transferring the signal sequence to the protein-conducting channel (translocon). After signal sequence transfer, SRP54 and SRP101 act as reciprocal GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), thereby resolving their association.
The M domain binds the 7SL RNA and the signal sequence of presecretory proteins.
The NG domain, also named G domain, is a special guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) domain, which binds GTP and forms a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent complex with a homologous NG domain in the SRP receptor subunit srp101. The two NG domains undergo cooperative rearrangements upon their assembly, which culminate in the reciprocal activation of the GTPase activity of one another. SRP receptor compaction upon binding with cargo-loaded SRP and GTPase rearrangement drive SRP-mediated cotranslational protein translocation into the ER.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB3 subunit family.
Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.
Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack independent of vesicle origin.
Belongs to the tellurite-resistance/dicarboxylate transporter (TDT) family.
Component of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit.
Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex.
Transfers mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichol monophosphate to form dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) which is the mannosyl donor in pathways leading to N-glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring, and O-mannosylation of proteins.
Component of the coenzyme Q biosynthetic pathway. May play a role in organizing a multi-subunit COQ enzyme complex required for coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Required for steady-state levels of other COQ polypeptides.
This protein may be expected to contain an N-terminal transit peptide but none has been predicted.
Belongs to the tRNA pseudouridine synthase TruA family.
Belongs to the acireductone dioxygenase (ARD) family.
Binds either 1 Fe or Ni cation per monomer. Iron-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate, while nickel-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate.
Catalyzes 2 different reactions between oxygen and the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene) depending upon the metal bound in the active site. Fe-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Fe-ARD) produces formate and 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate (KMTB), the alpha-ketoacid precursor of methionine in the methionine recycle pathway. Ni-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Ni-ARD) produces methylthiopropionate, carbon monoxide and formate, and does not lie on the methionine recycle pathway.
Catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl moiety from farnesyl diphosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of several proteins. The beta subunit is responsible for peptide-binding.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
Part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA5 subunit family.
Arginine methyltransferase involved in the assembly or stability of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I).
Belongs to the SLC35F solute transporter family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family.
Interacts with RIM101 by binding to its YPX[LI] motif.
Required for the proteolytic cleavage of the transcription factor RIM101 in response to alkaline ambient pH. May act as a scaffold protein that recruits the calpain-like protease RIM13 via VPS32 to its substrate RIM101 (By similarity).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Catalyzes an early step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. Binds two molecules of 5-aminolevulinate per subunit, each at a distinct site, and catalyzes their condensation to form porphobilinogen.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL22 family.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and cell cycle progression. Required for the spliceosome assembly and initiation of the DNA replication (By similarity).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.
Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 18S rRNA in the 40S particle.
Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
Belongs to the acetolactate synthase small subunit family.
Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx6 subfamily.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family.
Component of the PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 retrotranslocation channel, composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL11 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 48 family.
Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.
Putative RNA polymerase II subunit B1 C-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Lipoyl synthase family.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters per subunit. One cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives.
Belongs to the NADH dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCF family. EF3 subfamily.
Component of the TIM23 complex, at least composed of TIM23, TIM17 and TIM50. Interacts with preproteins in transit (By similarity).
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Required to direct preproteins in transit and direct them to the channel protein TIM23, and possibly facilitates transfer of the translocating proteins from the TOM complex to the TIM23 complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB7 subunit family.
Component of several multiprotein Golgi SNARE complexes.
Involved in transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus as well as in intra-Golgi transport. It belongs to a super-family of proteins called t-SNAREs or soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) attachment protein receptor.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. HMG-CoA synthase family.
Catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA.
Belongs to the enhancer of polycomb family.
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Involved in gene silencing by neighboring heterochromatin, blockage of the silencing spreading along the chromosome, and required for cell cycle progression through G2/M (By similarity).
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIM1 subfamily.
Component of the GINS complex which is a heterotetramer of SLD5, PSF1, PSF2 and PSF3.
The GINS complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication.
Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family.
Plays an important role in the de novo pathway and in the salvage pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP (By similarity).
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. GMF subfamily.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the saccharopine dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the alkaline ceramidase family.
Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
Component of the cleavage factor IA (CFIA) complex, which is involved in the endonucleolytic cleavage during polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family.
Component of the pre-66S ribosomal particle.
Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Probable acetyltransferase, which acetylates the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol during biosynthesis of GPI-anchor.
Component of the cytosolic Fe/S protein assembly machinery. Required for maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins. May play a role in the transfer of pre-assembled Fe/S clusters to target apoproteins (By similarity).
Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family.
Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA).
Belongs to the AP endonuclease 2 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family.
Belongs to the CND1 (condensin subunit 1) family.
Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases.
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least BUD32, CGI121, GON7, KAE1 and PCC1; the whole complex dimerizes.
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. CGI121 acts as an allosteric effector that regulates the t(6)A activity of the complex. The EKC/KEOPS complex also promotes both telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. The complex is required for efficient recruitment of transcriptional coactivators. CGI121 is not required for tRNA modification (By similarity).
Belongs to the thiamine pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA49/POLR1E RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase alpha subunit family.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. RIO-type Ser/Thr kinase family.
Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit apl3 and beta-type subunit apl1), a medium chain (mu-type subunit apm4) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit aps2).
Component of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration.
Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH2 subfamily.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster in the DPH1 subunit.
Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1.
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1 (By similarity). Facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster found in the DPH1 subunit (By similarity).
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.
Belongs to the type IB topoisomerase family.
Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at the specific target site 5'-[CT]CCTTp site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 5'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone.
Interacts with the 40S ribosomal subunit.
The SUI1 domain may be involved in RNA binding.
Belongs to the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family.
Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
Belongs to the putative lipase ROG1 family.
Required for the assembly of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase.
Belongs to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) (TC 2.A.105) family.
Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria.
Belongs to the WD repeat LIS1/nudF family.
Dimerization mediated by the LisH domain may be required to activate dynein.
Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. Plays a central role in positioning the mitotic spindle at the bud neck during cell division. Targets cytoplasmic dynein to microtubule plus ends, thereby promoting dynein-mediated microtubule sliding along the bud cortex and consequently the movement of the mitotic spindle to the bud neck.
Self-associates. Interacts with NDL1 and dynein.
Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.
Component of the cleavage factor I (CF I) involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end processing.
Acts as catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, which in the nucleus seems to be a general transcription factor, and in the cytoplasm the major mRNA deadenylase involved in mRNA turnover (By similarity). Ccr4 has 3'-5' RNase activity with a strong preference for polyadenylated substrates and also low exonuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family.
Component of the HAT-B complex composed of at least HAT1 and HAT2. The HAT-B complex binds to histone H4 tail.
Regulatory subunit of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. The complex acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4 which is required for telomeric silencing.
Belongs to the myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase family.
Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL17 family.
Has a role in transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Second step of mRNA capping. Transfer of the GMP moiety of GTP to the 5'-end of RNA via an enzyme-GMP covalent reaction intermediate.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent, however specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified so far. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Trm1 family.
Belongs to the pantothenate synthetase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 63 family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase type 1 subfamily.
Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations.
Occurs in many kinds of cells as a complex with monomeric actin in a 1:1 ratio.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. SAR1 family.
COPII is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex and SAR1.
Small GTPase component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules. SAR1 controls the coat assembly in a stepwise manner. Activated SAR1-GTP binds to membranes first and recruits the SEC23/24 complex. These SEC23/24-SAR1 prebudding intermediates are then collected by the SEC13/31 complex as subunits polymerize to form coated transport vesicles. Conversion to SAR1-GDP triggers coat release and recycles COPII subunits (By similarity).
The zeta subunit may be involved in regulating the coat assembly and, hence, the rate of biosynthetic protein transport due to its association-dissociation properties with the coatomer complex.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. UbiG/COQ3 family.
O-methyltransferase that catalyzes the 2 O-methylation steps in the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
Belongs to the dermatan-sulfate isomerase family.
Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 38 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat BOP1/ERB1 family.
Component of the NOP7 complex, composed of ERB1, NOP7 and YTM1. The complex is held together by ERB1, which interacts with NOP7 via its N-terminal domain and with YTM1 via a high-affinity interaction between the seven-bladed beta-propeller domains of the 2 proteins. The NOP7 complex associates with the 66S pre-ribosome.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
Belongs to the glutaminase PdxT/SNO family.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Plays an essential role in initiation of the G0 program by preventing the degradation of specific nutrient-regulated mRNAs via the 5'-3' mRNA decay pathway.
Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth.
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a non-competitive inhibitor that prevents formation of the closed enzyme conformation by binding to the same site as the amobile flap. In contrast, mizoribine monophosphate (MZP) is a competitive inhibitor that induces the closed conformation. MPA is a potent inhibitor of mammalian IMPDHs but a poor inhibitor of the bacterial enzymes. MZP is a more potent inhibitor of bacterial IMPDH.
Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. SPB1 subfamily.
Component of the nucleolar and nucleoplasmic pre-60S ribosomal particle.
Required for proper assembly of pre-ribosomal particles during the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha-ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 15 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL27 family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB11 subunit family.
Component of the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. During transcription elongation the FACT complex acts as a histone chaperone that both destabilizes and restores nucleosomal structure. It facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase II and transcription by promoting the dissociation of one histone H2A-H2B dimer from the nucleosome, then subsequently promotes the reestablishment of the nucleosome following the passage of RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
Forms a stable heterodimer with SPT16. The SPT16-POB3 dimer weakly associates with multiple molecules of NHP6 to form the FACT complex (By similarity).
In contrast to the orthologous protein in animals and plants, this protein does not contain a HMG box DNA-binding domain. This function may instead be provided by the HMG box of the associated NHP6 protein in the FACT complex of fungi.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX31/DBP7 subfamily.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
Binds to both phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).
Lipase which is essential for lysis of subvacuolar cytoplasm to vacuole targeted bodies and intravacuolar autophagic bodies. Involved in the lysis of intravacuolar multivesicular body (MVB) vesicles. The intravacuolar membrane disintegration by ATG15 is critical to life span extension (By similarity).
Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.
Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. UBA3 subfamily.
Catalytic subunit of the dimeric E1 enzyme, which activates NEDD8.
Has a role in nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of proteins and mRNAs.
Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity.
First step of mRNA capping. Converts the 5'-triphosphate end of a nascent mRNA chain into a diphosphate end.
Heterodimer. The mRNA-capping enzyme is composed of two separate chains alpha and beta, respectively a mRNA guanylyltransferase and an mRNA 5'-triphosphate monophosphatase.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 2 family.
Hydrolyzes fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins with a strong preference for palmitoylated G-alpha proteins over other acyl substrates. Mediates the deacylation of G-alpha proteins such as GPA1 in vivo, but has weak or no activity toward palmitoylated Ras proteins. Has weak lysophospholipase activity in vitro; however such activity may not exist in vivo.
Belongs to the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase family.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit alpha family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.
Cysteine protease that plays a key role in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. The protease activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8: cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 to reveal a C-terminal glycine. ATG8 ubiquitin-like activity requires the exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus for its conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and its insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy. The ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal membrane during autophagy. In addition to the protease activity, also catalyzes deconjugation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 during macroautophagy: ATG8 delipidation is required to release the protein from membranes, which facilitates multiple events during macroautophagy, and especially for efficient autophagosome biogenesis, the assembly of ATG9-containing tubulovesicular clusters into phagophores/autophagosomes, and for the disassembly of PAS-associated ATG components. ATG8 delipidation by ATG4 also recycles ATG8-PE generated on inappropriate membranes to maintain a reservoir of unlipidated ATG8 that is required for autophagosome formation at the PAS.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
Acts in a DNA repair pathway for removal of UV-induced DNA damage that is distinct from classical nucleotide excision repair and in repair of ionizing radiation damage. Functions in homologous recombination repair of DNA double strand breaks and in recovery of stalled replication forks.
Adds a GMP to the 5'-end of tRNA(His) after transcription and RNase P cleavage.
Belongs to the tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Argininosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Acetylated by ESA1 to form H2AK4ac and H2AK7ac.
Core component of nucleosome which plays a central role in DNA double strand break (DSB) repair. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
In contrast to vertebrates and insects, its C-terminus is not monoubiquitinated.
Phosphorylated to form H2AS128ph (gamma-H2A) in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) generated by exogenous genotoxic agents and by stalled replication forks. Phosphorylation is dependent on the DNA damage checkpoint kinases MEC1/ATR and TEL1/ATM, spreads on either side of a detected DSB site and may mark the surrounding chromatin for recruitment of proteins required for DNA damage signaling and repair. Gamma-H2A is removed from the DNA prior to the strand invasion-primer extension step of the repair process and subsequently dephosphorylated. Dephosphorylation is necessary for efficient recovery from the DNA damage checkpoint (By similarity).
The [ST]-Q motif constitutes a recognition sequence for kinases from the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H2AK4ac = acetylated Lys-6; H2AK7ac = acetylated Lys-8; H2AS128ph = phosphorylated Ser-128.
Belongs to the RNA 3'-terminal cyclase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family.
Catalyzes the reversible hydration of cis-homoaconitate to (2R,3S)-homoisocitrate, a step in the alpha-aminoadipate pathway for lysine biosynthesis.
Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.
Attenuation of cryptococcal growth in a mouse model of infection due to defects in capsule polysaccharide content. The general morphology of the capsule is normal but two main capsule polysaccharides, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) and galactoxylomannan (GalXM), lack beta-1,2-xylose residues.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 90 family.
Beta-1,2-xylosyltransferase that plays a key role in capsule polysaccharide synthesis by transferring xylose to alpha-1,3-dimannoside in a beta-1,2-linkage. Also mediates glycosylation of glycosphingolipids; constitutes the unique xylosyltransferase responsible for adding xylose to glycosphingolipids.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5'-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily.
Component of the eIF4F complex, which composition varies with external and internal environmental conditions. It is composed of at least eIF4A, eIF4E and eIF4G (By similarity).
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S9 family.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit. Can also utilize other divalent metal cations, such as Ca(2+), Mn(2+) and Co(2+).
Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
Functions in both vacuole inheritance and protein targeting from the cytoplasm to vacuole.
Transcription factor involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation. May function in both SPT15/TBP post-recruitment and recruitment steps of transcription (By similarity).
Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family.
Probably involved in transport through the plasma membrane.
Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family.
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
Component of the 60S subunit of the ribosome.
Exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in lysosomal degradation; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, and DNA-damage responses. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling (By similarity).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.
Catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to cysteines occuring in specific C-terminal amino acid sequences.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
Associates with the pre-60S ribosomal particle.
Component of the ribosome assembly machinery. Nuclear paralog of the ribosomal protein P0, it binds pre-60S subunits at an early stage of assembly in the nucleolus, and is replaced by P0 in cytoplasmic pre-60S subunits and mature 80S ribosomes.
Translation factor that promotes translation elongation and termination, particularly upon ribosome stalling at specific amino acid sequence contexts. Binds between the exit (E) and peptidyl (P) site of the ribosome and promotes rescue of stalled ribosome: specifically required for efficient translation of polyproline-containing peptides as well as other motifs that stall the ribosome. Acts as ribosome quality control (RQC) cofactor by joining the RQC complex to facilitate peptidyl transfer during CAT tailing step.
eIF-5A seems to be the only eukaryotic protein to have a hypusine residue which is a post-translational modification of a lysine by the addition of a butylamino group.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family.
Controls reversibly actin polymerization and depolymerization in a pH-sensitive manner. It has the ability to bind G- and F-actin in a 1:1 ratio of cofilin to actin. Binding to F-actin is regulated by tropomyosin. It is the major component of intranuclear and cytoplasmic actin rods. Required for accumulation of actin at the cell division site via depolymerizing actin at the cell ends. In association with myosin II has a role in the assembly of the contractile ring via severing actin filaments. Involved in the maintenance of the contractile ring once formed. In association with profilin and capping protein, has a role in the mitotic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity).
Belongs to the CoA-transferase III family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily.
Component of the Dom34-Hbs1 complex, a complex that recognizes stalled ribosomes and triggers the No-Go Decay (NGD) pathway (PubMed:20890290). In the Dom34-Hbs1 complex, dom34 recognizes ribosomes stalled at the 3' end of an mRNA and engages stalled ribosomes by destabilizing mRNA in the mRNA channel. Following ribosome-binding, the Dom34-Hbs1 complex promotes the disassembly of stalled ribosomes, followed by degradation of damaged mRNAs as part of the NGD pathway.
Belongs to the folylpolyglutamate synthase family.
Catalyzes conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives allowing concentration of folate compounds in the cell and the intracellular retention of these cofactors, which are important substrates for most of the folate-dependent enzymes that are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in purine, pyrimidine and amino acid synthesis.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
DNA polymerase II participates in chromosomal DNA replication.
Heterotetramer. Consists of 4 subunits: POL2, DPB2, DPB3 and DPB4 (By similarity).
The CysA-type zinc finger is required for PCNA-binding.
The CysB motif binds 1 4Fe-4S cluster and is required for the formation of polymerase complexes.
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM10 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent guanine N(1)-methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine at position 9 (m1G9) in cytoplasmic tRNA.
Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
May participate in the translocation of oligosaccharide from the cytoplasmic side to the lumenal side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family.
Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in ribosome assembly.
Associates with pre-ribosomal particles.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX27/DRS1 subfamily.
Belongs to the VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family.
Belongs to the MsrB Met sulfoxide reductase family.
Abolishes LAC1 expression and activity during glucose starvation (PubMed:17040492). Abolishes laccase activity during calcium stress and iron stress (PubMed:17040492). Severely decreases laccase activity during copper stress (PubMed:17040492). Melanin absent from cell (PubMed:25972480). Decreases virulence in a mouse intravenous inoculation model of infection (PubMed:17040492).
Interacts with transcription factor HSF1 on chromatin.
Transcriptional coregulator that functions together with transcription factor HSF1 (PubMed:17040492). Positively regulates the expression of laccase LAC1 during glucose starvation (PubMed:17040492).
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH1 subfamily.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1.
Belongs to the V-ATPase proteolipid subunit family.
Proton-conducting pore forming of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex (components: a, c, c', c'', d, e, f and VOA1). The decameric c-ring forms the proton-conducting pore, and is composed of eight proteolipid subunits c, one subunit c' and one subunit c''.
Belongs to the peroxidase family. Cytochrome c peroxidase subfamily.
Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit.
Forms a one-to-one complex with cytochrome c.
Belongs to the PAPS reductase family. CysH subfamily.
Belongs to the thymidylate synthase family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 13 family.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex, which itself associates with the Mediator complex.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex. The SRB8-11 complex is a regulatory module of the Mediator complex which is itself involved in regulation of basal and activated RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. The SRB8-11 complex may be involved in the transcriptional repression of a subset of genes regulated by Mediator. It may inhibit the association of the Mediator complex with RNA polymerase II to form the holoenzyme complex.
Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.
Small GTPase required for proper localization of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Catalyzes the activation of alpha-aminoadipate by ATP-dependent adenylation and the reduction of activated alpha-aminoadipate by NADPH. The activated alpha-aminoadipate is bound to the phosphopantheinyl group of the enzyme itself before it is reduced to (S)-2-amino-6-oxohexanoate.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily.
Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules (By similarity).
The COPII coat is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex, and the protein SAR1.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS19 family.
Belongs to the myo-inositol oxygenase family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase D subfamily.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.
Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Transcriptional coactivator that stimulates GCN4-dependent transcriptional activity by bridging the DNA-binding region of GCN4 and TBP (SPT15), thereby recruiting TBP to GCN4-bound promoters. Involved in induction of the ribosome quality control (RQC) pathway; a pathway that degrades nascent peptide chains during problematic translation. Required to prevent stalled ribosomes from frameshifting.
Belongs to the IPP isomerase type 1 family.
Both IUM domains are necessary for efficient binding to ubiquitin.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex composed of HSE1 and VPS27.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex which is the sorting receptor for ubiquitinated cargo proteins at the multivesicular body (MVB) and recruits ESCRT-I to the MVB outer membrane.
The FYVE domain is involved in the binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) which is required for the association to endosomal membranes.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the histidinol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit family.
Belongs to the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase family.
Plays a central role as a glucosyl donor in cellular metabolic pathways.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase I type 2/NIF3 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
Acetylation of N-terminal lysines and particularly formation of H2BK11ac has a positive effect on transcription.
Monoubiquitinated by the UBC2-BRE1 complex to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. H2BK123ub1 also modulates the formation of double-strand breaks during meiosis and is a prerequisite for DNA-damage checkpoint activation (By similarity).
Phosphorylated to form H2BS10ph during progression through meiotic prophase. May be correlated with chromosome condensation (By similarity).
Sumoylation to form H2BK6su occurs preferentially near the telomeres and represses gene transcription.
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H2BK6ac = acetylated Lys-9; H2BK6su = sumoylated Lys-9; H2BS10ph = phosphorylated Ser-13; H2BK11ac = acetylated Lys-17; H2BK123ub1 = monoubiquitinated Lys-134.
Required for replication-independent chromatin assembly and for the periodic repression of histone gene transcription during the cell cycle.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation.
Involved in the initiation of assembly of the COPII coat required for the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the selection of cargo molecules. Also involved in autophagy.
Aminocarboxypropyltransferase that catalyzes the aminocarboxypropyl transfer on pseudouridine at position 1191 (Psi1191) in 18S rRNA. It constitutes the last step in biosynthesis of the hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi) conserved in eukaryotic 18S rRNA.
Belongs to the TDD superfamily. TSR3 family.
Belongs to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.
Belongs to the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase family. PSD-B subfamily. Eukaryotic type I sub-subfamily.
Binds 1 pyruvoyl group covalently per subunit.
Catalyzes the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) from phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Plays a central role in phospholipid metabolism and in the interorganelle trafficking of phosphatidylserine.
Heterodimer of a large membrane-associated beta subunit and a small pyruvoyl-containing alpha subunit.
Is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme. Formation of the active enzyme involves a self-maturation process in which the active site pyruvoyl group is generated from an internal serine residue via an autocatalytic post-translational modification. Two non-identical subunits are generated from the proenzyme in this reaction, and the pyruvate is formed at the N-terminus of the alpha chain, which is derived from the carboxyl end of the proenzyme. The autoendoproteolytic cleavage occurs by a canonical serine protease mechanism, in which the side chain hydroxyl group of the serine supplies its oxygen atom to form the C-terminus of the beta chain, while the remainder of the serine residue undergoes an oxidative deamination to produce ammonia and the pyruvoyl prosthetic group on the alpha chain. During this reaction, the Ser that is part of the protease active site of the proenzyme becomes the pyruvoyl prosthetic group, which constitutes an essential element of the active site of the mature decarboxylase.
Xylosylphosphotransferase that is specific for UDP-xylose as a donor and mannose as an acceptor to form a xylose-alpha-1-phosphate-6-mannose linkage. Functions in the O-glycosylation of proteins en route through the secretory pathway (By similarity).
Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. PEMT/PEM2 methyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the second two steps of the methylation pathway of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, the SAM-dependent methylation of phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (PMME) to phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine (PDME) and of PDME to phosphatidylcholine (PC).
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM9 and 3 copies of TIM10, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates directly with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit (By similarity).
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space (By similarity).
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM10 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-III subfamily.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. The MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex functions in the major beta-barrel assembly pathway that is responsible for biogenesis of all outer membrane beta-barrel proteins, and acts in a late step after the SAM complex. The MDM10-MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex further acts in the TOM40-specific pathway after the action of the MDM12-MMM1 complex. Essential for establishing and maintaining the structure of mitochondria and maintenance of mtDNA nucleoids.
Homodimer. Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and MDM34. A MMM1 homodimer associates with one molecule of MDM12 on each side in a pairwise head-to-tail manner, and the SMP-LTD domains of MMM1 and MDM12 generate a continuous hydrophobic tunnel for phospholipid trafficking.
Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Arp2/3 complex plays a critical role in the control of cell morphogenesis via the modulation of cell polarity development.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalytic tRNA acetyltransferase subunit of the elongator complex, which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine). In the elongator complex, acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase by mediating formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs.
Involved in nucleolar integrity and required for processing of the pre-rRNA for the 60S ribosome subunit.
Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup84/Nup107 family.
Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. This subunit can bind 18S rRNA.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM13 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol.
The C-terminal 9 residues are removed to expose Gly-117 at the C-terminus. The C-terminal Gly is then amidated with phosphatidylethanolamine by an activating system similar to that for ubiquitin.
Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in autophagosomes formation. With ATG4, mediates the delivery of the autophagosomes to the vacuole via the microtubule cytoskeleton. Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Participates also in membrane fusion events that take place in the early secretory pathway. Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress. The ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal membrane during autophagy.
Component of 250-400 kDa complexes called cytochrome oxidase assembly intermediates or COA complexes.
Required for assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV).
Required for multiple vacuole delivery pathways including the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, pexophagy and endocytosis.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. NagA family.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL39 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor. The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm. Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion of the receptor into the organelle membrane with the concomitant translocation of the cargo into the peroxisome matrix.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. MetX family.
Has a role in the initiation of DNA replication. Required at S-phase checkpoint.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S). Interacts with RPS21.
Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase B subfamily.
Catalyzes the exchange of ADP and ATP across the membrane.
Belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase family.
Catalytic subunit of the SLX1-SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease that resolves DNA secondary structures generated during DNA repair and recombination. Has endonuclease activity towards branched DNA substrates, introducing single-strand cuts in duplex DNA close to junctions with ss-DNA.
Serine hydrolase involved in the detoxification of formaldehyde.
Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. PreP subfamily.
Monomer and homodimer; homodimerization is induced by binding of the substrate.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase family.
Catalyzes the interconversion between the alpha and beta anomers from at least three hexose 6-phosphate sugars (Glc6P, Gal6P, and Man6P).
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.
Belongs to the fungal cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a family.
Belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 22 family.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. NifS/IscS subfamily.
Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes. Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase.
Although related to the peptidase M24 family, this protein lacks conserved active site residues suggesting that it may lack peptidase activity.
Belongs to the peptidase M24 family. SPT16 subfamily.
Forms a stable heterodimer with POB3. The SPT16-POB3 dimer weakly associates with multiple molecules of NHP6 to form the FACT complex (By similarity).
Component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner.
Component of the PAM complex, at least composed of mtHsp70 (SSC1), MGE1, TIM44, PAM16, PAM17 and PAM18.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA43 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit.
Catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate, which is further processed to form (S)-allantoin.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat IPI3/WDR18 family.
Component of the RIX1 complex, composed of IPI1, RIX1/IPI2 and IPI3 in a 1:2:2 stoichiometry. The complex interacts (via RIX1) with MDN1 (via its hexameric AAA ATPase ring) and the pre-60S ribosome particles.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family.
Binds 2 magnesium ions. Also active with manganese.
Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase epsilon family.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
Belongs to the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase family. PSD-B subfamily. Eukaryotic type II sub-subfamily.
The C2 domains have an essential, but non-catalytic function. They may facilitate interactions with other proteins and are required for lipid transport function.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo10/eukaryotic RPB10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat peroxin-7 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase alpha subunit family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Fibrillarin family.
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. BCS1 subfamily.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in mRNA turnover, and more specifically in mRNA decapping. Is involved in G1/S DNA-damage checkpoint recovery, probably through the regulation of the translational status of a subset of mRNAs. May also have a role in translation and mRNA nuclear export (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX6/DHH1 subfamily.
Acts as an adapter for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated export of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. PAN2 subfamily.
Binds 2 metal cations per subunit in the catalytic exonuclease domain.
Catalytic subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein PAB1. PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenylation-dependent mRNA decaping and subsequent 5'-3' exonucleolytic degradation by XRN1. May also be involved in post-transcriptional maturation of mRNA poly(A) tails.
Contains a pseudo-UCH domain. This ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH)-like or ubiquitin specific protease (USP)-like domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive because it lacks the active site catalytic triad characteristic of thiol proteases, with residues at the equivalent structural positions that are incompatible with catalysis, and it cannot bind ubiquitin. It functions as a structural scaffold for intra- and intermolecular interactions in the complex.
Forms a heterotrimer with an asymmetric homodimer of the regulatory subunit PAN3 to form the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex.
Positively regulated by the regulatory subunit PAN3.
The linker, or PAN3 interaction domain (PID), between the WD40 repeats and the pseudo-UCH domain mediates interaction with PAN3.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The SRP complex interacts with the signal sequence in nascent secretory and membrane proteins and directs them to the membrane of the ER.
May function both as a monomer and a homodimer.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome composed of at least 40 protein subunits and snoRNA U3.
DEAD-box RNA helicase-like protein required for pre-18S rRNA processing, specifically at sites A0, A1, and A2.
Belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 1 family.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Homotetramer. Residues from neighboring subunits contribute catalytic and substrate-binding residues to each active site.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 37 family.
Probably involved in transcription regulation via its interaction with the INO80 complex, a chromatin remodeling complex.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase II family.
Belongs to the aromatic-ring hydroxylase family. KMO subfamily.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) to form 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (L-3OHKyn). Required for synthesis of quinolinic acid.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo3/eukaryotic RPB3 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
The PX domain binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate which is necessary for peripheral membrane localization.
Belongs to the eukaryotic GSH synthase family.
Belongs to the DDOST 48 kDa subunit family.
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Belongs to the NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.
This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5. Involved in ergosterol biosynthesis.
Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. MtnA subfamily.
Catalyzes the interconversion of methylthioribose-1-phosphate (MTR-1-P) into methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P).
Non-catalytic component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity (By similarity).
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel (By similarity).
Belongs to the transaldolase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the non-oxidative phase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Catalyzes the reversible conversion of sedheptulose-7-phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into erythrose-4-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the TrpB family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the TrpA family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL41 family.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Homoserine kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu).
ATP-dependent RNA helicase associated with the nuclear pore complex and essential for mRNA export from the nucleus. May participate in a terminal step of mRNA export through the removal of proteins that accompany mRNA through the nucleopore complex. May also be involved in early transcription (By similarity).
Associates with the nuclear pore complex.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX19/DBP5 subfamily.
Belongs to the acetate uptake transporter (AceTr) (TC 2.A.96) family.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family. NUBP2/CFD1 subfamily.
Required for N-linked oligosaccharide assembly. Has a role in the last step of the synthesis of the Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol core oligosaccharide on the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Casein kinase I subfamily.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. PAN3 family.
Contains a pseudokinase domain. The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive because some of the residues important for catalytic activity are substituted and it lacks the equivalent of the binding site for a peptide substrate. However, it has retained an ATP-binding site and ATP-binding is required for mRNA degradation, stimulating the activity of the PAN2 nuclease in vitro. The nucleotide-binding site is juxtaposed to the RNase active site of PAN2 in the complex and may actually bind nucleosides of a poly(A) RNA rather than ATP, feeding the poly(A)-tail to the active site of the deadenylase and thus increasing the efficiency with which this distributive enzyme degrades oligo(A) RNAs.
Homodimer. Forms a heterotrimer with a catalytic subunit PAN2 to form the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex. Interacts (via PAM-2 motif) with poly(A)-binding protein PAB1 (via PABC domain), conferring substrate specificity of the enzyme complex.
Regulatory subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein PAB1. PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenylation-dependent mRNA decaping and subsequent 5'-3' exonucleolytic degradation by XRN1. May also be involved in post-transcriptional maturation of mRNA poly(A) tails. PAN3 acts as a positive regulator for PAN activity, recruiting the catalytic subunit PAN2 to mRNA via its interaction with RNA and with PAB1.
The N-terminal zinc finger binds to poly(A) RNA.
The pseudokinase domain, the coiled-coil (CC), and C-terminal knob domain (CK) form a structural unit (PKC) that forms an extensive high-affinity interaction surface for PAN2.
Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the complex I 75 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the sterol desaturase family. SCS7 subfamily.
Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit that likely form a catalytic dimetal center.
Ceramide hydroxylase involved in the hydroxylation of sphingolipid-associated very long chain fatty acids. Postulated to hydroxylate the very long chain fatty acid of dihydroceramides and phytoceramides at C-2.
Mitochondrial transcription factor that confers selective promoter recognition on the core subunit of the yeast mitochondrial RNA polymerase. Interacts with DNA in a non-specific manner.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL33 family.
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family.
Belongs to the Tim17/Tim22/Tim23 family.
Essential core component of the TIM22 complex, a complex that mediates the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. In the TIM22 complex, it constitutes the voltage-activated and signal-gated channel. Forms a twin-pore translocase that uses the membrane potential as external driving force in 2 voltage-dependent steps (By similarity).
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. XPG subfamily.
Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.
Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26 proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S2 family.
Required for synthesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and the transport of pre-ribosomes from the nucleoplasm to the cytoplasm.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. They probably participate in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. May bind an additional third magnesium ion after substrate binding.
Interacts with PCNA. Three molecules of FEN1 bind to one PCNA trimer with each molecule binding to one PCNA monomer. PCNA stimulates the nuclease activity without altering cleavage specificity.
Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation upon DNA damage induces relocalization to the nuclear plasma.
Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Facilitates the cooperative formation of U2/U6 helix II in association with stem II in the spliceosome. Binds to RNA (By similarity).
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Magnesium or manganese.
Catalyzes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to formate and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the AIR carboxylase family. Class I subfamily.
Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Plays a role in both the assembly of the exocyst and the polarization of this complex to specific sites of the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Also involved in assembly of the spliceosome (By similarity).
Belongs to the oligopeptide OPT transporter family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UEV subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 9 (cellulase E) family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase required for 60S ribosomal subunit synthesis. Involved in efficient pre-rRNA processing, predominantly at site A3, which is necessary for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs (By similarity).
Involved in concentration and sorting of cargo proteins of the multivesicular body (MVB) for incorporation into intralumenal vesicles.
Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the D-glutamate cyclase family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Trimethylguanosine synthase family.
Required for exosome-dependent processing of pre-rRNA and small nucleolar RNA (snRNA) precursors. Involved in processing of 35S pre-rRNA at the A0, A1 and A2 sites.
Monomer. Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1.
NADH-dependent reductase for DPH3 and cytochrome b5. Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1. By reducing DPH3, also involved in the formation of the tRNA wobble base modification mcm5s 2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), mediated by the elongator complex. The cytochrome b5/NADH cytochrome b5 reductase electron transfer system supports the catalytic activity of several sterol biosynthetic enzymes.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo6/eukaryotic RPB6 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex, a regulatory module of the Mediator complex.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex. The SRB8-11 complex is a regulatory module of the Mediator complex which is itself involved in regulation of basal and activated RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. The SRB8-11 complex may be involved in the transcriptional repression of a subset of genes regulated by Mediator. It may inhibit the association of the Mediator complex with RNA polymerase II to form the holoenzyme complex. The SRB8-11 complex phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.
Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2 (By similarity). As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine.
Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2. As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine.
Required for the proteolytic cleavage of the transcription factor RIM101 in response to alkaline ambient pH.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alax-L subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Ala) via its editing domain.
Consists of three domains; the N-terminal catalytic domain, the editing domain and the C-terminal C-Ala domain. The editing domain removes incorrectly charged amino acids, while the C-Ala domain, along with tRNA(Ala), serves as a bridge to cooperatively bring together the editing and aminoacylation centers thus stimulating deacylation of misacylated tRNAs.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family.
Catalyzes the synthesis of 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) from succinyl-CoA and glycine, the first and rate-limiting step in heme biosynthesis.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S11 family.
Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Biotin synthase family.
Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and 1 arginine.
Polymerizes chitin, a structural polymer of the cell wall and septum, by transferring the sugar moiety of UDP-GlcNAc to the non-reducing end of the growing chitin polymer.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIIc family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits and several supernumerary subunits. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII).
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
ATP-dependent rRNA helicase required for pre-ribosomal RNA processing. Involved in the maturation of the 35S-pre-rRNA and to its cleavage to mature 18S rRNA.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX47/RRP3 subfamily.
Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. Has a role in the recognition of the branch site (5'-UACUAAC-3'), the pyrimidine tract and the 3'-splice site at the 3'-end of introns (By similarity).
Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. YAT (TC 2.A.3.10) family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
Belongs to the oxidase-dependent Fe transporter (OFeT) (TC 9.A.10.1) family.
Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 4 family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
Phosphorylation of the TEDS site (Ser-363) is required for the polarization of the actin cytoskeleton. Phosphorylation probably activates the myosin-I ATPase activity (By similarity).
The myosin motor domain displays actin-stimulated ATPase activity and generates a mechanochemical force.
The tail domain participates in molecular interactions that specify the role of the motor domain (By similarity). It is composed of several tail homology (TH) domains, namely a putative phospholipid-binding myosin tail domain (also named TH1), an Ala- and Pro-rich domain (TH2), followed by an SH3 domain and a C-terminal acidic domain (TH3).
Type-I myosin implicated in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Required for proper actin cytoskeleton polarization. At the cell cortex, assembles in patch-like structures together with proteins from the actin-polymerizing machinery and promotes actin assembly. Functions as actin nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) for the Arp2/3 complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Fungal fatty acid synthetase subunit alpha family.
Transcription elongation factor implicated in the maintenance of proper chromatin structure in actively transcribed regions.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family.
Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RRP8 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that specifically methylates the N(1) position of adenine in helix 25.1 in 25S rRNA. Required both for ribosomal 40S and 60S subunits biogenesis. Required for efficient pre-rRNA cleavage at site A2.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS27 family.
Belongs to the complex I LYR family. SDHAF3 subfamily.
Interacts with the iron-sulfur protein subunit within the SDH catalytic dimer.
Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol. Promotes maturation of the iron-sulfur protein subunit of the SDH catalytic dimer, protecting it from the deleterious effects of oxidants. May act together with SDHAF1.
Belongs to the DASH complex DUO1 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METL family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase.
Mediator of sterol homeostasis involved in sterol uptake, trafficking and distribution into membranes.
Regulates also the sphingolipid metabolism.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel. uL10 forms part of the P stalk that participates in recruiting G proteins to the ribosome.
Component of the SPT4-SPT5 complex. Interacts with RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
The SPT4-SPT5 complex mediates both activation and inhibition of transcription elongation, and plays a role in pre-mRNA processing. This complex seems to be important for the stability of the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery on the chromatin template but not for the inherent ability of this machinery to translocate down the gene (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS21 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit.
Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Has a physiological role leading to 18S rRNA stability.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S3 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family.
Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non-reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan.
Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family.
Constitutes one of the two catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5'- and 3'-splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body.
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA.
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to TFIIK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module TFIIK controls the initiation of transcription.
Belongs to the cAMP-dependent kinase regulatory chain family.
Tetramer, composed of 2 regulatory (R) and 2 catalytic (C) subunits. In the presence of cAMP it dissociates into 2 active monomeric C subunits and an R dimer.
Belongs to the ACC deaminase/D-cysteine desulfhydrase family.
Catalyzes a cyclopropane ring-opening reaction, the irreversible conversion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) to ammonia and alpha-ketobutyrate.
Required to generate and maintain the structure of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum network and the vacuole. Induces high curvature in membranes and causes membrane tubule formation. Involved in membrane/vesicle trafficking.
The short lumenal loops between transmembrane domains 1 and 2 and between transmembrane domains 3 and 4 may impart a wedge-like configuration, thus deforming membranes.
Interacts with the flavoprotein subunit within the SDH catalytic dimer.
Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol. Required for flavinylation (covalent attachment of FAD) of the flavoprotein subunit of the SDH catalytic dimer.
Binds ubiquitin and polyubiquitinated proteins.
Probable aspartic protease. May be involved in the regulation of exocytosis. Acts as a linker between the 19S proteasome and polyubiquitinated proteins via UBA domain interactions with ubiquitin for their subsequent degradation. Required for S-phase checkpoint control.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP3/4 subfamily.
PPIase that acts as a histone chaperone. Histone proline isomerase that increases the rate of cis-trans isomerization at prolines on the histone H3 N-terminal tail. Proline isomerization influences H3 methylation thereby regulating gene expression.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. SerC subfamily.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain. Minor subunit located with subunit a in the membrane.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CHEK2 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL18 family.
Belongs to the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase type 1 family.
Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit. Zinc binding seems to play a structural role.
Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic12 family.
Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane.
Component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex.
Belongs to the WD repeat PRL1/PRL2 family.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and required for cell cycle progression at G2/M.
Belongs to the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family.
Acts as component of the peripheral membrane COG complex that is involved in intra-Golgi protein trafficking. COG is located at the cis-Golgi, and regulates tethering of retrograde intra-Golgi vesicles and possibly a number of other membrane trafficking events (By similarity).
As accessory component of the DNA polymerase epsilon (DNA polymerase II) participates in chromosomal DNA replication.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase epsilon subunit B family.
Heterotetramer. Consists of four subunits: POL2, DPB2, DPB3 and DPB4 (By similarity).
In eukaryotes there are five DNA polymerases: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon which are responsible for different reactions of DNA synthesis.
Component of the homotypic vacuole fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex. Component of the class C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) complex.
A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively.
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the first alpha-1,4-mannose to GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly. Required for cell wall integrity.
Trifunctional enzyme bearing the Gln amidotransferase (GATase) domain of anthranilate synthase, indole-glycerolphosphate synthase, and phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase activities.
Involved in vacuolar transport and vacuole pH homeostasis. Also required for cytokinesis (By similarity).
Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and MDM34.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. MDM34 is required for the interaction of the ER-resident membrane protein MMM1 and the outer mitochondrial membrane-resident beta-barrel protein MDM10.
Lacks alpha-helical transmembrane segments, suggesting that it resides in the membrane via beta-sheet conformations similar to those predicted for other outer membrane proteins and porin.
Required for normal levels of the cell wall 1,6-beta-glucan. Involved in a protein folding machinery chaperoning proteins acting in various physiological processes including cell wall synthesis and lysis of autophagic bodies.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome composed of at least 40 protein subunits and snoRNA U3. Interacts with snoRNA U3. Interacts with MPP10, KRI1 and with ribosomal proteins RPS1A, RPS4A, RPS4B, RPS8A, RPS8B, RPS11A, RPS11B, RPS13, RPS24, RPS25, RPL4A, RPL7B, RPL8, RPL23, RPL25 and RPL28.
Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly. Essential for vegetative growth.
The H protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein to the T protein.
The glycine cleavage system is composed of four proteins: P, T, L and H.
Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily.
One of the essential components for the initiation of protein synthesis. Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex.
Belongs to the threonine synthase family.
Belongs to the helicase family. PIF1 subfamily.
DNA-dependent ATPase and 5'-3' DNA helicase required for the maintenance of both mitochondrial and nuclear genome stability.
Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX52/ROK1 subfamily.
Interacts with the U3 snoRNA and is associated with the 90S and 40S pre-ribosomes.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL32 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC24 subfamily.
The COPII coat is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex, and the protein SAR1. Golgi apparatus membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the damage-control phosphatase family. Sugar phosphate phosphatase III subfamily.
Metal-dependent phosphatase that shows phosphatase activity against several substrates, including fructose-1-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. Its preference for fructose-1-phosphate, a strong glycating agent that causes DNA damage rather than a canonical yeast metabolite, suggests a damage-control function in hexose phosphate metabolism.
Subfamily III proteins have a conserved RTxK motif about 40-50 residues from the C-terminus; the threonine may be replaced by serine or cysteine.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL20 family.
Catalyzes two activities which are involved in the cyclic version of arginine biosynthesis: the synthesis of acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA, and of ornithine by transacetylation between acetylornithine and glutamate.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain.
The alpha and beta chains are autoproteolytically processed from a single precursor protein within the mitochondrion.
Carboxylation allows a single lysine to coordinate two nickel ions.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Urease alpha subunit family.
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. DEGS subfamily.
Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the protoporphyrinogen/coproporphyrinogen oxidase family. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase subfamily.
Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
Component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
Involved in the import of nuclear-targeted proteins into the nucleus and the export of poly(A) RNA out of the nucleus. Has a role in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway (By similarity).
Phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 at position 2 to form Ins(1,2,3,4,5,6)P6 (InsP6 or phytate).
The EXKPK motif is conserved in inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinases of both family 1 and 2.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFS4 subunit family.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family.
Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family. Homocitrate synthase LYS20/LYS21 subfamily.
The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine.
Belongs to the serine/threonine dehydratase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL30 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery. In association with the spliceosomal U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP particle, required for splicing of pre-mRNA. In association with box C/D snoRNPs, required for processing of pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. Essential for the accumulation and stability of U4 snRNA, U6 snRNA, and box C/D snoRNAs (By similarity).
Component of the U3 snoRNP particle. Binds to the C'/D and B/C motifs in U3 snoRNA. Component of the 25S U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP particle, a subcomplex of the spliceosome. Binds to the 5' stem-loop of U4 snRNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 7 family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX24/MAK5 subfamily.
Essential role in pre-mRNA splicing. Also essential for entry into mitosis (G2/M progression) as well as for chromosome segregation during mitosis.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IB subfamily.
Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks.
Belongs to the polysaccharide deacetylase family.
Hydrolyzes the N-acetamido groups of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitin to form chitosan and acetate (By similarity). Chitosan is required to anchor melanin to the cell wall, for maintenance of cell wall integrity, and for proper cytokinesis (By similarity). Chitosan offers an advantage during infection as it is less readily detected than chitin by host immunosurveillance mechanisms (By similarity).
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles or the centrosome.
Plays a role in maintenance of chromatin structure during RNA polymerase II transcription elongation thereby repressing transcription initiation from cryptic promoters. Mediates the reassembly of nucleosomes onto the promoters of at least a selected set of genes during repression; the nucleosome reassembly is essential for transcriptional repression (By similarity).
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S).
In the 2nd section; belongs to the EPSP synthase family.
In the 3rd section; belongs to the shikimate kinase family.
In the 4th section; belongs to the type-I 3-dehydroquinase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the shikimate dehydrogenase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the sugar phosphate cyclases superfamily. Dehydroquinate synthase family.
The AROM polypeptide catalyzes 5 consecutive enzymatic reactions in prechorismate polyaromatic amino acid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. LepA subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. LepA subfamily.
Promotes mitochondrial protein synthesis. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Binds to mitochondrial ribosomes in a GTP-dependent manner.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis and is required for the normal formation of 18S rRNAs through pre-rRNA processing at A0, A1 and A2 sites. Required for vegetative growth (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX49/DBP8 subfamily.
Component of the SWR1 chromatin-remodeling complex and of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Yaf9 may also be required for viability in conditions in which the structural integrity of the spindle is compromised (By similarity).
The coiled-coil domain is required for assembly into the NuA4 complex.
Belongs to the dihydrofolate reductase family.
Key enzyme in folate metabolism. Catalyzes an essential reaction for de novo glycine and purine synthesis, and for DNA precursor synthesis (By similarity).
Chaperone required for the export of the chitin synthase CHS3 from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL9 family.
Belongs to the DASH complex DAD1 family.
Sorting nexin, involved in the separation or division of vacuoles throughout the entire life cycle of the cells. Involved in retrieval of late-Golgi SNAREs from post-Golgi endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, mitophagy, and pexophagy.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. HOG1 sub-subfamily.
Dually phosphorylated on Thr-171 and Tyr-173, which activates the enzyme (By similarity). Phosphorylated by PBS2 after osmotic stress.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in a signal transduction pathway that is activated by changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular environment. Controls osmotic regulation of transcription of target genes. Also involved in response UV radiations and mediates the sensitivity to fludioxonil, an agricultural fungicide.
The RNA gate region regulates mRNA cap recognition to prevent promiscuous mRNA-binding before assembly of eif3d into the full eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In the eIF-3 complex, eif3d specifically recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine cap of a subset of mRNAs.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Involved in nucleotide excision repair.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family.
Catalyzes the oxidative ring opening of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde, which spontaneously cyclizes to quinolinate.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase I family.
Belongs to the activator 1 large subunit family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA M5U methyltransferase family.
Component of a fungal signal recognition particle (SRP) complex that consists of a 7SL RNA molecule (scR1) and at least six protein subunits: SRP72, SRP68, SRP54, SEC65, SRP21 and SRP14.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
In the central section; belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. CAD subfamily.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. Class II DHOase subfamily.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family.
Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides.
Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione and glutathione conjugates.
Belongs to the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) family.
Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 20 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.
Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
Belongs to the DASH complex SPC19 family.
Component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC)-associated TREX-2 complex (transcription and export complex 2), composed of at least SUS1, SAC3, THP1, SEM1, and CDC31. TREX-2 contains 2 SUS1 chains. The TREX-2 complex interacts with the nucleoporin NUP1. Component of the 1.8 MDa SAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex. SAGA is built of 5 distinct domains with specialized functions. Within the SAGA complex, SUS1, SGF11, SGF73 and UBP8 form an additional subcomplex of SAGA called the DUB module (deubiquitination module). Interacts directly with THP1, SAC3, SGF11, and with the RNA polymerase II.
Involved in mRNA export coupled transcription activation by association with both the TREX-2 and the SAGA complexes. At the promoters, SAGA is required for recruitment of the basal transcription machinery. It influences RNA polymerase II transcriptional activity through different activities such as TBP interaction and promoter selectivity, interaction with transcription activators, and chromatin modification through histone acetylation and deubiquitination. Within the SAGA complex, participates in a subcomplex required for deubiquitination of H2B and for the maintenance of steady-state H3 methylation levels. The TREX-2 complex functions in docking export-competent ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs) to the nuclear entrance of the nuclear pore complex (nuclear basket). TREX-2 participates in mRNA export and accurate chromatin positioning in the nucleus by tethering genes to the nuclear periphery. May also be involved in cytoplasmic mRNA decay by interaction with components of P-bodies (By similarity).
Catalyzes the reduction of 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (KDS) to dihydrosphingosine (DHS).
Belongs to the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase family.
Key enzyme for ketone body catabolism. Transfers the CoA moiety from succinate to acetoacetate. Formation of the enzyme-CoA intermediate proceeds via an unstable anhydride species formed between the carboxylate groups of the enzyme and substrate.
Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, that promotes sister chromatid alignment after DNA damage and facilitates double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) repair via homologous recombination between sister chromatids.
Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment. Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET5 subfamily.
Putative protein lysine methyltransferase.
Belongs to the dihydroxyacetone kinase (DAK) family.
Catalyzes both the phosphorylation of dihydroxyacetone and of glyceraldehyde.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL34 family.
Participates in the formation of the lipid-linked precursor oligosaccharide for N-glycosylation. Involved in assembling the dolichol-pyrophosphate-GlcNAc(2)-Man(5) intermediate on the cytoplasmic surface of the ER.
Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family.
Belongs to the eIF-2B gamma/epsilon subunits family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA13 subunit family.
Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. MenG/UbiE family.
Methyltransferase required for the conversion of 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DDMQH2) to 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2).
Belongs to the WD repeat DDB2/WDR76 family.
DNA-binding protein that binds to both single- and double-stranded DNA. Binds preferentially to UV-damaged DNA. May be involved in DNA-metabolic processes.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase H subfamily.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex which is the sorting receptor for ubiquitinated cargo proteins at the multivesicular body (MVB).
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the scaffold complex CFD1-NBP35. Electrons are transferred to DRE2 from NADPH via the FAD- and FMN-containing protein TAH18. TAH18-DRE2 are also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit RNR2.
Monomer. Interacts with TAH18. Interacts with MIA40.
The C-terminal domain binds 2 Fe-S clusters but is otherwise mostly in an intrinsically disordered conformation.
The N-terminal domain has structural similarity with S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, but does not bind S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is required for correct assembly of the 2 Fe-S clusters.
The twin Cx2C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial MIA40-ERV1 disulfide relay system. The formation of 2 disulfide bonds in the Cx2C motifs through dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions effectively traps the protein in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the NAGSA dehydrogenase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the acetylglutamate kinase family.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state.
Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase delta/II small subunit family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL2 subfamily.
May catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides thereby assisting the folding of proteins. May also function as a chaperone, playing a role in intracellular transport of proteins. May also have a protein ubiquitin ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase or as a ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on proteins.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC2 subfamily.
FAD-dependent monooxygenase required for the C5-ring hydroxylation during ubiquinone biosynthesis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 3-polyprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid to 3-polyprenyl-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The electrons required for the hydroxylation reaction may be funneled indirectly from NADPH via a ferredoxin/ferredoxin reductase system to COQ6.
Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner.
May be involved in protection from oxidative damage.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in translation initiation. Remodels RNA in response to ADP and ATP concentrations by facilitating disruption, but also formation of RNA duplexes (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX3/DED1 subfamily.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Required for gamma-tubulin complex recruitment to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC).
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.
Divalent metal cations. Mg(2+), Mn(2+) or Co(2+) can be used.
Responsible for addition of mannose residues in an alpha-1,3 linkage to a polymannosly precursor. May be involved in synthesis of capsule glucuronoxylomannan.
Belongs to the ATP phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit.
The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Peptidase M19 family.
Ubiquitin-protein ligase which is mainly involved pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome.
Belongs to the archaeal/bacterial/fungal opsin family.
Required for 60S pre-ribosomal subunits export to the cytoplasm.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Belongs to the aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease family.
Catalyzes the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine by condensation of 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate. This is the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of riboflavin.
Catalyzes the intermembrane transfer of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL43 family.
IGPS catalyzes the conversion of PRFAR and glutamine to IGP, AICAR and glutamate. The glutaminase domain produces the ammonia necessary for the cyclase domain to produce IGP and AICAR from PRFAR. The ammonia is channeled to the active site of the cyclase domain.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the HisA/HisF family.
Belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.
Belongs to the spermidine/spermine synthase family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. NOG subfamily.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METTL16/RlmF family.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family.
Probably involved in the biogenesis of the COX complex.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class CDC14 subfamily.
Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Isocitrate lyase family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL33 family.
Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
Catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) moieties to form squalene.
Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.
Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA. Appears to be an important mediator of the multiple roles of the poly(A) tail in mRNA biogenesis, stability and translation. In the nucleus, involved in both mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation. Is also required for efficient mRNA export to the cytoplasm. Acts in concert with a poly(A)-specific nuclease (PAN) to affect poly(A) tail shortening, which may occur concomitantly with either nucleocytoplasmic mRNA transport or translational initiation. In the cytoplasm, stimulates translation initiation and regulates mRNA decay through translation termination-coupled poly(A) shortening, probably mediated by PAN (By similarity).
Adds the first Dol-P-Man derived mannose in an alpha-1,3 linkage to Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.
Belongs to the dynactin subunits 5/6 family. Dynactin subunit 5 subfamily.
Belongs to the terpene cyclase/mutase family.
Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular proteins.
Belongs to the shaker potassium channel beta subunit family.
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to TFIIK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Mannosylates Man(2)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate and Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate to form Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate.
Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate.
Directs RNA polymerase II nuclear import.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX41 subfamily.
Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic60 family.
Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Plays a role in keeping cristae membranes connected to the inner boundary membrane. Also promotes protein import via the mitochondrial intermembrane space assembly (MIA) pathway.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.
Belongs to the ETF alpha-subunit/FixB family.
The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for several dehydrogenases, including five acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity).
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine hydroxylase family.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of the N(6)-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine intermediate to form hypusine, an essential post-translational modification only found in mature eIF-5A factor.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in mRNA splicing. May destabilize the U1/5'-splice site duplex to permit an effective competition for the 5'-splice site by the U6 snRNA, resulting in the switch between U1 and U6 at the 5'-splice site. May also act to unwind the U4/U6 base-pairing interaction in the U4/U6/U5 snRNP, facilitating the first covalent step of splicing (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX23/PRP28 subfamily.
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type III PI4K subfamily.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and cell cycle progression.
Octamer of two non-identical subunits IDH1 and IDH2.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit, ribosomal RNA processing complex (SSU RRP complex).
Required for small ribosomal subunit (SSU) synthesis. Has a role in the processing of early nucleolar and late cytoplasmic pre-RNA species (By similarity).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
Belongs to the homoserine dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase E subunit family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily.
Belongs to the DODA-type extradiol aromatic ring-opening dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S1 family.
Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
Demethylates proteins that have been reversibly carboxymethylated. Demethylates the phosphatase PP2A catalytic subunit (By similarity).
Involved in the import of GDP-mannose from the cytoplasm into the Golgi lumen. Involved in capsule synthesis.
Belongs to the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C family.
Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region.
U1 snRNP is composed of the 7 core Sm proteins B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F and G that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP, and at least 3 U1 snRNP-specific proteins U1-70K, U1-A and U1-C. U1-C interacts with U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region of the pre-mRNA.
Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 47 family.
Involved in deacetylation of histones, chromatin assembly and chromosome segregation. May act as a transcriptional oscillator, directing histone deacetylases to specific chromosomal domains. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS10 family.
Belongs to the amidase family. GatA subfamily.
Belongs to the membrane magnesium transporter (TC 1.A.67) family.
Belongs to the vitamin-B12 independent methionine synthase family.
Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine resulting in methionine formation.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EFM4 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that mono- and dimethylates elongation factor 1-alpha at 'Lys-316'. May play a role in intracellular transport.
Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family.
GTPase involved in activation of the TORC1 signaling pathway, which promotes growth and represses autophagy in nutrient-rich conditions.
Belongs to the nucleoporin NSP1/NUP62 family.
Plays a role in vesicular protein sorting.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase large subunit family.
DNA primase is the polymerase that synthesizes small RNA primers for the Okazaki fragments made during discontinuous DNA replication.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
Belongs to the iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase subfamily.
Catalytic subunit of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA methyltransferase complex that mediates the methylation of the guanosine nucleotide at position 10 (m2G10) in tRNAs.
Belongs to the Clp1 family. Clp1 subfamily.
Component of a pre-mRNA cleavage factor complex. Interacts directly with PCF11.
May lack the polyribonucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase and polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase activities that are characteristic of the human ortholog.
Required for endonucleolytic cleavage during polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation.
Catalyzes the conversion of GlcNAc-6-P into GlcNAc-1-P during the synthesis of uridine diphosphate/UDP-GlcNAc, which is a biosynthetic precursor of chitin and also supplies the amino sugars for N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.