10090:Barx1
gene id: 10090:Barx1
uniprot id: Q9ER42
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BAR homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in areas of the first and second branchial arches, before any apparent cellular or morphologic differentiation. Later in development, all expressing tissue in this region, including the mesenchyme underlying the olfactory epithelium, the primary and secondary palate, the molar tooth papillae, and the stroma of the submandibular gland, appear to be derived from ectomesenchyme of neural crest origin. By day 16.5, all areas except the developing molars are BARX1-negative. In addition, BARX1 marks the area of the future stomach in the primitive gut at embryonic day 9.5, and is present in the mesenchymal wall of the stomach until embryonic day 16.5.
messages: Expressed predominantly in the facial primordia, developing stomach, and proximal limbs.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor, which is involved in craniofacial development, in odontogenesis and in stomach organogenesis. May have a role in the differentiation of molars from incisors. Plays a role in suppressing endodermal Wnt activity. Binds to a regulatory module of the NCAM promoter.

10090:Zfyve27
gene id: 10090:Zfyve27
uniprot id: Q3TXX3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Astrocytes express both isoform 1 and isoform 2 and oligodendrocytes express only isoform 2 (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed specifically in the central nervous system and selectively in neuronal cells. Isoform 2 is expressed in cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, heart, thymus, spleen, intestine and lung.
messages: Can form homooligomers (monomers, dimers and tetramers) (By similarity). Interacts with RAB11A (GDP-bound form); regulates RAB11A (PubMed:21976701). Interacts with FKBP8; may negatively regulate ZFYVE27 phosphorylation (By similarity). Isoform 1 interacts to a greater extent than isoform 2 with VAPB (via MSP domain). Isoform 1 interacts to a greater extent than isoform 2 with VAPA (via MSP domain) (PubMed:24251978). Interaction with VAPA may regulate ZFYVE27 retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and its function in cell projections formation. Interacts with ATL2, ATL3, SPAST and RTN3 (By similarity). Interacts with REEP1, REEP5 and ATL1 (PubMed:24668814). Interacts with RAB11B (GDP-bound form), SURF4, KIF5B and KIF5C (PubMed:21976701). Isoform 1 and 2 interact with KIFA (PubMed:21976701, PubMed:24251978).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Key regulator of RAB11-dependent vesicular trafficking during neurite extension through polarized membrane transport (By similarity). Promotes axonal elongation and contributes to the establishment of neuronal cell polarity (PubMed:24251978). Involved in nerve growth factor-induced neurite formation in VAPA-dependent manner. Contributes to both the formation and stabilization of the tubular ER network. Involved in ER morphogenesis by regulating the sheet-to-tubule balance and possibly the density of tubule interconnections (By similarity). Acts as an adapter protein that facilitates the interaction of KIF5A with VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A, RAB11B and RTN3 and the ZFYVE27-KIF5A complex contributes to the transport of these proteins in neurons. Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a KIF5A/B-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is induced by NGF through the MAPK/ERK pathway and modulates interaction with RAB11A (Probable).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: growth cone membrane

10090:Ift46
gene id: 10090:Ift46
uniprot id: Q9DB07
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IFT46 family.
messages: By BMP2.
messages: Component of the IFT complex B, at least composed of IFT20, IFT22, IFT25, IFT27, IFT46, IFT52, TRAF3IP1/IFT54, IFT57, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, and IFT88. Interacts with IFT57, IFT88 and DAW1. Interacts with ARL13B. Interacts with IFT56. Interacts with TTC25 (PubMed:25860617). Interacts with IFT70B (PubMed:23810713).
messages: Expressed from 8 dpc throughout embryonic development, with levels increasing at 12.5 dpc and remaining constant thereafter. Up-regulated during chondrocyte maturation and skeletogenesis.
messages: Forms part of a complex involved in intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bi-directional movement of particles required for the assembly, maintenance and functioning of primary cilia. May play a role in chondrocyte maturation and skeletogenesis.
messages: Short cilia.
messages: Strongly expressed in ovary and testis, moderately expressed in kidney and brain, and weakly expressed in thymus, heart, lung, liver, spleen and muscle. Expressed in embryonic bone and cartilage, with high expression in non-hypertrophic chondrocytes and weaker expression in hypertrophic chondrocytes.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Dapk2
gene id: 10090:Dapk2
uniprot id: Q8VDF3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Regulated by a double locking mechanism, involving autophosphorylation at Ser-318, calmodulin binding, and dimerization. In the inactive state, Ser-318 is phosphorylated, and the kinase is dimeric. Activation involves: dephosphorylation at Ser-318, release-of-autoinhibition mechanism where calmodulin binding induces a conformational change that relieves the steric block of the active site by the autoinhibitory domain, and generation of the monomeric active form of the kinase.
messages: Autophosphorylation at Ser-318 inhibits its catalytic activity. Dephosphorylated at Ser-318 in response to activated Fas and TNF-alpha receptors.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. DAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple cellular signaling pathways that trigger cell survival, apoptosis, and autophagy. Capable of regulating both type I apoptotic and type II autophagic cell death signals. The former involves caspase activation, chromatin and mitochondrial condensation while the latter involves caspase-independent cell death in conjunction with accumulation of mature autophagic vesicles, plasma membrane blebs, and nuclear condensation without DNA degradation. Mediator of anoikis and a suppressor of beta-catenin-dependent anchorage-independent growth of malignant epithelial cells. May play a role in granulocytic maturation (By similarity). Regulates granulocytes motility by controlling cell spreading and polarization (PubMed:24163421).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in peritubular interstitial cells of the renal cortex (PubMed:24906443). Isoform 1 is found in the adult brain while isoform 2 is expressed in brains of embryos and young mice (at protein level) (PubMed:21408167).
messages: Homodimer in its autoinhibited state. Active as monomer. Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins YWHAB, YWHAE, YWHAG, YWHAH, YWHAQ, YWHAZ and SFN; the interaction requires DAPK2 phosphorylation at Thr-369 and suppresses DAPK2 kinase activity and DAPK2-induced apoptosis.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: The autoinhibitory domain sterically blocks the substrate peptide-binding site by making both hydrophobic and electrostatic contacts with the kinase core.
messages: autophagosome lumen

10090:Gfra1
gene id: 10090:Gfra1
uniprot id: P97785
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 2 molecules of GDNFR-alpha are thought to form a complex with the disulfide-linked GDNF dimer and with 2 molecules of RET (By similarity). Interacts with RET (By similarity). Interacts with SORL1, either alone or in complex with GDNF. Interaction between SORL1 and GFRA1 leads to GFRA1 internalization, but not degradation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the GDNFR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in the brain, in hippocampal neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:23333276). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney and testis.
messages: Receptor for GDNF. Mediates the GDNF-induced autophosphorylation and activation of the RET receptor (By similarity).
messages: multivesicular body
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Ripk3
gene id: 10090:Ripk3
uniprot id: Q9QZL0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with murid herpesvirus protein RIR1; this interaction disrupts RIP3-RIP1 interactions characteristic of TNF-alpha induced necroptosis, thereby suppressing this death pathway.
messages: Activity is stimulated by ZBP1, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures (PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). RIPK3-dependent necroptosis is inhibited by RIPK1: RIPK1 prevents the ZBP1-induced activation of RIPK3 via FADD-mediated recruitment of CASP8, which cleaves RIPK1 and limits TNF-induced necroptosis (PubMed:24813849, PubMed:24813850, PubMed:24557836, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682, PubMed:32296175). Inhibited by type II inhibitor 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-[3-fluoro-4-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yloxy)phenyl]-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide (PubMed:32184955).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Expressed in embryo and in adult spleen, liver, testis, heart, brain and lung.
messages: Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with RIPK1 (via RIP homotypic interaction motif); this interaction induces RIPK1 phosphorylation and formation of a RIPK1-RIPK3 necrosis-inducing complex (PubMed:27321907, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:28842570, PubMed:31519887). Interacts with MLKL; the interaction is direct and triggers necroptosis (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:27321907). Interacts with ZBP1 (via RIP homotypic interaction motif); interaction with ZBP1 activates RIPK3, triggering necroptosis (PubMed:19590578, PubMed:22423968, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682, PubMed:28607035, PubMed:32200799). Upon TNF-induced necrosis, the RIPK1-RIPK3 dimer further interacts with PGAM5 and MLKL; the formation of this complex leads to PGAM5 phosphorylation and increase in PGAM5 phosphatase activity (By similarity). Binds TRAF2 and is recruited to the TNFR-1 signaling complex (By similarity). Interacts with PYGL, GLUL and GLUD1; these interactions result in activation of these metabolic enzymes (By similarity). Interacts with BIRC2/c-IAP1, BIRC3/c-IAP2 and XIAP/BIRC4 (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with PELI1 (via atypical FHA domain); the phosphorylated form at Thr-187 binds preferentially to PELI1 (PubMed:29883609). Interacts with BUB1B, TRAF2 and STUB1 (By similarity). Interacts with CASP6 (By similarity). Component of the AIM2 PANoptosome complex, a multiprotein complex that drives inflammatory cell death (PANoptosis) (PubMed:34471287).
messages: No visible phenotype in normal conditions; mice are viable and indistinguishable from wild-type mice (PubMed:14749364, PubMed:24557836). Mice are resistant to TNF-induced hypothermia (PubMed:24557836). Mice are more susceptible to influenza A virus (IAV) infection than wild-type mice: at a modestly lethal dose of IAV, mice display significantly increased rates of mortality, probably caused by a failure to eliminate infected cells and limit virus spread in pulmonary tissue (PubMed:27321907, PubMed:32200799). Perinatal lethality observed in Ripk1 knockout mice is rescued in knockout mice lacking both Ripk1 and Ripk3; mice however die the first days of postnatal life (PubMed:24813849, PubMed:24813850, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682). Only mice lacking Ripk1, Ripk3 and Casp8 survive past weaning and rescue lethality caused by the absence of Ripk1 (PubMed:24813849, PubMed:24813850).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated with 'Lys-48' and 'Lys-63'-linked chains by BIRC2/c-IAP1 and BIRC3/c-IAP2, leading to activation of NF-kappa-B. Ubiquitinated by STUB1 leading to its subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation.
messages: RIPK1 and RIPK3 undergo reciprocal auto- and trans-phosphorylation (By similarity). Autophosphorylated following interaction with ZBP1 (PubMed:27819681). Phosphorylation of Ser-204 plays a role in the necroptotic function of RIPK3 (By similarity). Autophosphorylates at Thr-231 and Ser-232 following activation by ZBP1: phosphorylation at these sites is a hallmark of necroptosis and is required for binding MLKL (PubMed:23612963, PubMed:27819682). Phosphorylation at Thr-187 is important for its kinase activity, interaction with PELI1 and for its ability to mediate TNF-induced necroptosis (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that activates necroptosis and apoptosis, two parallel forms of cell death (PubMed:27321907, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27917412, PubMed:28607035, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Necroptosis, a programmed cell death process in response to death-inducing TNF-alpha family members, is triggered by RIPK3 following activation by ZBP1 (PubMed:19590578, PubMed:22423968, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24019532, PubMed:24557836, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682, PubMed:24095729, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:32296175). Activated RIPK3 forms a necrosis-inducing complex and mediates phosphorylation of MLKL, promoting MLKL localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage (PubMed:24813849, PubMed:24813850, PubMed:27321907). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Also regulates apoptosis: apoptosis depends on RIPK1, FADD and CASP8, and is independent of MLKL and RIPK3 kinase activity (PubMed:27321907). Phosphorylates RIPK1: RIPK1 and RIPK3 undergo reciprocal auto- and trans-phosphorylation (By similarity). In some cell types, also able to restrict viral replication by promoting cell death-independent responses (PubMed:30635240). In response to flavivirus infection in neurons, promotes a cell death-independent pathway that restricts viral replication: together with ZBP1, promotes a death-independent transcriptional program that modifies the cellular metabolism via up-regulation expression of the enzyme ACOD1/IRG1 and production of the metabolite itaconate (PubMed:30635240). Itaconate inhibits the ac…
messages: The RIP homotypic interaction motif (RHIM) mediates interaction with the RHIM motif of RIPK1. Both motifs form a hetero-amyloid serpentine fold, stabilized by hydrophobic packing and featuring an unusual Cys-Ser ladder of alternating Ser (from RIPK1) and Cys (from RIPK3).
messages: cytosol

10090:Clec4a2
gene id: 10090:Clec4a2
uniprot id: Q9QZ15
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: C-type lectin receptor that binds carbohydrates mannose and fucose but also weakly interacts with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Involved in regulating immune reactivity. Once triggered by antigen, it is internalized by clathrin-dependent endocytosis and delivers its antigenic cargo into the antigen presentation pathway resulting in cross-priming of CD8(+) T cells. This cross-presentation and cross-priming are enhanced by TLR7 and TLR8 agonists with increased expansion of the CD8(+) T cells, high production of IFNG and TNF with reduced levels of IL4, IL5 and IL13. In plasmacytoid dendritic cells, inhibits TLR9-mediated IFNA and TNF production (By similarity). May be involved via its ITIM motif (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs) in the inhibition of B-cell-receptor-mediated calcium mobilization and protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PubMed:11841542).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 1 copy of a cytoplasmic motif that is referred to as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM). This motif is involved in modulation of cellular responses. The phosphorylated ITIM motif can bind the SH2 domain of several SH2-containing phosphatases.
messages: Expressed in splenic antigen-presenting cells including B-cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells (at protein level). Expressed in spleen and lymph node and slightly increased with dendritic cell maturation.
messages: May be involved in regulating immune reactivity. May play a role in modulating dendritic cells (DC) differentiation and/or maturation (By similarity). May be involved in the inhibition of B-cell-receptor-mediated calcium mobilization and protein tyrosine phosphorylation.
messages: May interact with PTPN6 via its ITIM site.

10090:Fancm
gene id: 10090:Fancm
uniprot id: Q8BGE5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. FANCM sub-subfamily.
messages: Component of the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex, which consists of CENPS, CENPX, FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL, FANCM, FAAP24 and FAAP100. The FA core complex associates with Bloom syndrome (BLM) complex, which consists of at least BLM, DNA topoisomerase 3-alpha/TOP3A, RMI1/BLAP75, RPA1/RPA70 and RPA2/RPA32. This supercomplex between FA and BLM complexes has been called BRAFT. Forms a discrete complex with CENPS and CENPX, called FANCM-MHF; this interaction stimulates DNA binding and replication fork remodeling by FANCM and stabilizes the binding partners. Forms a heterodimer with FAAP24; this interaction increases FANCM single-stranded DNA-binding activity.
messages: DNA-dependent ATPase component of the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex. Required for the normal activation of the FA pathway, leading to monoubiquitination of the FANCI-FANCD2 complex in response to DNA damage, cellular resistance to DNA cross-linking drugs, and prevention of chromosomal breakage. In complex with CENPS and CENPX, binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), fork-structured DNA (fsDNA) and Holliday junction substrates. Its ATP-dependent DNA branch migration activity can process branched DNA structures such as a movable replication fork. This activity is strongly stimulated in the presence of CENPS and CENPX. In complex with FAAP24, efficiently binds to single-strand DNA (ssDNA), splayed-arm DNA, and 3'-flap substrates. In vitro, on its own, strongly binds ssDNA oligomers and weakly fsDNA, but does not bind to dsDNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated; hyperphosphorylated in response to genotoxic stress.

10090:Pbrm1
gene id: 10090:Pbrm1
uniprot id: F8VQD1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Kcna10
gene id: 10090:Kcna10
uniprot id: B2RQA1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.8/KCNA10 sub-subfamily.
messages: Detected in the cochlear duct from 14.5 dpc (PubMed:22446089). Detected in the organ of Corti and the vestibular system from 16.5 dpc onwards, where it is most strongly expressed in hair cells (PubMed:22446089, PubMed:23528307).
messages: Expressed strongly in the inner ear and weakly in skeletal muscle. Not detected in other tissues.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with KCN4B/POMP. Interaction with KCN4B/POMP is necessary for the modulation of channel activity by cAMP.
messages: Mediates voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel activity is up-regulated by cAMP.
messages: Membrane
messages: The N-terminus may be important in determining the rate of inactivation of the channel while the tail may play a role in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Viable with no gross defects. Vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) are highly abnormal suggesting impaired function of the balance organ, although mice do not display any obvious imbalance behaviors.

10090:Car13
gene id: 10090:Car13
uniprot id: Q9D6N1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Expressed in spleen, lung, kidney, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Inhibited by coumarins, sulfonamide derivatives such as acetazolamide (AZA) and Foscarnet (phosphonoformate trisodium salt).
messages: Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.

10090:Lrrtm1
gene id: 10090:Lrrtm1
uniprot id: Q8K377
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRRTM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Exhibits strong synaptogenic activity, restricted to excitatory presynaptic differentiation, acting at both pre- and postsynaptic level.
messages: Expressed predominantly in the nervous system by postmitotic neurons, but also in some non-neuronal tissues. In adult brain expression is most prominent in the forebraain, particularly in the thalamus and in the cortical areas including hippocampus, piriform and posterior cingulate.
messages: Initially detected at 9 dpc with expression present in the overlying ectoderm of the limb bud in the presumptive apical ectodermal ridge. Expression is also seen in the dorsal otic vesicle in the presumptive endolymphatic appendage. Neural expression is present in the forebrain and midbrain with a sharp boundary across the central midbrain. Expression is also seen in the hindbrain. A stripe of expression can be detected in the neural tube. At 10 and 11 dpc expression is restricted to the apical ectodermal ridge. Expression persists in the endolymphatic diverticular appendage of the otic vesicle the forebrain/midbrain and the ventricular layer of the central neural tube through these stages.
messages: Mutant animals survive in the expected Mendelian ratios, are fertile and display no overt phenotype. Brain morphology appears grossly normal, except for rare cases of anomalous ventroculomegaly. Increase in the presynaptic area occupied by SLC17A7/VGLUT1 in some strata of the hippocampal neuropil of the CA1 region.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Cnot3
gene id: 10090:Cnot3
uniprot id: Q8K0V4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CNOT2/3/5 family.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. May be involved in metabolic regulation; may be involved in recruitment of the CCR4-NOT complex to deadenylation target mRNAs involved in energy metabolism. Involved in mitotic progression and regulation of the spindle assembly checkpoint by regulating the stability of MAD1L1 mRNA. Can repress transcription and may link the CCR4-NOT complex to transcriptional regulation; the repressive function may involve histone deacetylases. Involved in the maintenance of embryonic stem (ES) cell identity; prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic trophectoderm lineages.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex; distinct complexes seem to exist that differ in the participation of probably mutually exclusive catalytic subunits. In the complex interacts directly with CNOT2. Interacts with TIP120B and NANOS2 (PubMed:20133598). Interacts with EBF1 (By similarity).
messages: Decreased levels in liver and white adipose tissues upon fasting,.
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and in inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst.
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-body

10090:Mobp
gene id: 10090:Mobp
uniprot id: Q9D2P8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in compacting or stabilizing the myelin sheath possibly by binding the negatively charged acidic phospholipids of the cytoplasmic membrane.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Plec
gene id: 10090:Plec
uniprot id: E9Q3W4
uniprot id: Q6S385
uniprot id: Q6S387
uniprot id: Q6S388
uniprot id: Q6S390
uniprot id: Q6S392
uniprot id: Q6S393
uniprot id: Q9QXS1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Detected in eye lens fiber cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21745462). Expressed at high levels in lung, brain, small intestine, muscle, heart and skin with lower levels found in kidney, liver, uterus, spleen and salivary gland (PubMed:10556294).
messages: Homodimer or homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts (via actin-binding domain) with SYNE3 (PubMed:16330710). Interacts (via calponin-homology (CH) 1 domain) with VIM (via rod region) (PubMed:15128297). Interacts (via N-terminus) with DST isoform 2 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:19932097). Interacts with FER (PubMed:12200133). Interacts with TOR1A (PubMed:18827015). Interacts with ANK3 (By similarity). Identified in complexes that contain VIM, EZR, AHNAK, BFSP1, BFSP2, ANK2, PLEC, PRX and spectrin (PubMed:21745462).
messages: Interacts with KRT14, heterodimers consisting of KRT8 and KRT18, heterodimers consisting of KRT5 and KRT14, heterodimers consisting of KRT14 and KRT15, and heterodimers consisting of KRT1 and KRT10 (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with DES and VIM (PubMed:24940650).
messages: Interlinks intermediate filaments with microtubules and microfilaments and anchors intermediate filaments to desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. May be involved not only in the cross-linking and stabilization of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments network, but also in the regulation of their dynamics.
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1; regulates dissociation from intermediate filaments during mitosis. Isoform PLEC-1A is phosphorylated on Ser-21. Isoform PLEC-1A is phosphorylated on Tyr-26.
messages: The N-terminus interacts with actin, the C-terminus with vimentin, desmin, GFAP, cytokeratins, lamin B; whereas both the N- and the C-terminus can bind integrin beta-4.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: hemidesmosome

10090:Ppdpf
gene id: 10090:Ppdpf
uniprot id: Q9CR37
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PPDPF family.
messages: Probable regulator of exocrine pancreas development.

10090:Slc25a12
gene id: 10090:Slc25a12
uniprot id: Q8BH59
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Homodimer (via N-terminus).
messages: Mitochondrial electrogenic aspartate/glutamate antiporter that favors efflux of aspartate and entry of glutamate and proton within the mitochondria as part of the malate-aspartate shuttle (By similarity). Also mediates the uptake of L-cysteinesulfinate by mitochondria in exchange of L-glutamate and proton. Can also exchange L-cysteinesulfinate with aspartate in their anionic form without any proton translocation (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The EF-hand 2 domain within the regulatory N-terminal domain binds one calcium in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Calcium triggers the binding of the regulatory N-terminal domain to the C-terminal domain, opening a vestibule which allows the substrates to be translocated through the carrier domain. In the absence of calcium, the linker loop domain may close the vestibule and prevent substrates from entering the carrier domain.

10090:Shisal1
gene id: 10090:Shisal1
uniprot id: Q0VBP7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the shisa family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cox8c
gene id: 10090:Cox8c
uniprot id: A6H666
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIII family.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)).
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Actr10
gene id: 10090:Actr10
uniprot id: Q9QZB7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Part of the dynactin complex that activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules.
messages: Subunit of dynactin, a multiprotein complex part of a tripartite complex with dynein and a adapter, such as BICDL1, BICD2 or HOOK3. The dynactin complex is built around ACTR1A/ACTB filament and consists of an actin-related filament composed of a shoulder domain, a pointed end and a barbed end. Its length is defined by its flexible shoulder domain. The soulder is composed of 2 DCTN1 subunits, 4 DCTN2 and 2 DCTN3. The 4 DCNT2 (via N-terminus) bind the ACTR1A filament and act as molecular rulers to determine the length. The pointed end is important for binding dynein-dynactin cargo adapters. Consists of 4 subunits: ACTR10, DCNT4, DCTN5 and DCTN6. The barbed end is composed of a CAPZA1:CAPZB heterodimers, which binds ACTR1A/ACTB filament and dynactin and stabilizes dynactin.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Utf1
gene id: 10090:Utf1
uniprot id: Q6J1H4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of ATF2.
messages: Binds to the N-terminal region of ATF2. Associates with the TFIID complex through interaction with TBP.
messages: Expressed mainly in pluripotent cells with expression rapidly down-regulated upon cell differentiation.
messages: First detected in the embryo at the blastocyst stage. Little or no expression detected in adult tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: The leucine-zipper domain is required for coactivation activity. When this domain is deleted, the protein is able to stimulate transcription from a number of gene promoters.

10090:Thpo
gene id: 10090:Thpo
uniprot id: P40226
uniprot id: Q543R9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EPO/TPO family.
messages: Expression in the liver and bone marrow displays diurnal rhythmicity (a circadian rhythm that is synchronized with the day/night cycle).
messages: Found mainly in the liver, kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Lineage-specific cytokine affecting the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes from their committed progenitor cells. It acts at a late stage of megakaryocyte development. It may be the major physiological regulator of circulating platelets.
messages: Secreted
messages: Two-domain structure with an erythropoietin-like N-terminal and a Ser/Pro/Thr-rich C-terminal.

10090:Cox6b1
gene id: 10090:Cox6b1
uniprot id: P56391
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)).
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ivl
gene id: 10090:Ivl
uniprot id: G3X9D9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the involucrin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Directly or indirectly cross-linked to cornifelin (CNFN).
messages: Part of the insoluble cornified cell envelope (CE) of stratified squamous epithelia.
messages: Substrate of transglutaminase.

10090:Ercc2
gene id: 10090:Ercc2
uniprot id: O08811
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-dependent 5'-3' DNA helicase, component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. The ATP-dependent helicase activity of XPD/ERCC2 is required for DNA opening. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls the initiation of transcription. XPD/ERCC2 acts by forming a bridge between CAK and the core-TFIIH complex. Involved in the regulation of vitamin-D receptor activity. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it plays a role in chromosome segregation. Might have a role in aging process and could play a causative role in the generation of skin cancers.
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RAD3/XPD subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription. The interaction with GTF2H2 results in the stimulation of the 5'-->3' helicase activity. Component of the MMXD complex, which includes CIAO1, ERCC2, CIAO2B, MMS19 and SLC25A5. Interacts with CIAO1 and CIAO2B; the interaction WITH CIAO2B is direct. Interacts with ATF7IP. Interacts directly with MMS19.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: spindle

10090:Cbx5
gene id: 10090:Cbx5
uniprot id: Q61686
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of heterochromatin that recognizes and binds histone H3 tails methylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me), leading to epigenetic repression. In contrast, it is excluded from chromatin when 'Tyr-41' of histone H3 is phosphorylated (H3Y41ph). Can interact with lamin-B receptor (LBR). This interaction can contribute to the association of the heterochromatin with the inner nuclear membrane. Involved in the formation of functional kinetochore through interaction with MIS12 complex proteins (By similarity).
messages: Interacts directly with ATRX, CHAF1A, LBR, NIPBL, SP100 and STAM2 via the chromoshadow domain. Can interact directly with CBX3 via the chromoshadow domain. Interacts with histone H3 methylated at 'Lys-9'. Interacts with BAHD1, SETDB1, MIS12 and DSN1. Interacts with POGZ; POGZ and PXVXL motif-containing proteins such as INCENP and TRIM28 compete for interaction with CBX5. Interacts with INCENP. Interacts with CHAMP1 (By similarity). Interacts directly with TRIM28 via the chromoshadow domain (PubMed:8978696). Interacts with KMT5B and KMT5C (PubMed:15145825). Interacts with HP1BP3 and TRIM24 (PubMed:8978696). Interacts with PRR14 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with RRP1B (By similarity). Interacts with HNRNPU (via C-terminus); this interaction is, at least in part, RNA-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with LRIF1 (via PxVxL motif) (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF263; recruited to the SIX3 promoter along with other proteins involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional corepression where it contributes to transcriptional repression (By similarity). May form homodimers (PubMed:8978696). Interacts with SMYD5 (PubMed:28250819). Interacts with CHD3 (By similarity). Interacts with CHD4 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of HP1 and LBR may be responsible for some of the alterations in chromatin organization and nuclear structure which occur at various times during the cell cycle. Phosphorylated during interphase and possibly hyper-phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: centromere

10090:Rhox2c
gene id: 10090:Rhox2c
uniprot id: A2AWL9
uniprot id: V9GXB9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ibsp
gene id: 10090:Ibsp
uniprot id: Q61711
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction. Promotes Arg-Gly-Asp-dependent cell attachment (By similarity).
messages: It is possible that the segments of clustered carboxyl groups mediate the strong binding to hydroxyapatite.
messages: N-glycosylated; glycans consist of sialylated and core-fucosylated bi-, tri- and tetraantennary chains.
messages: Secreted
messages: Sulfated on either Tyr-320 or Tyr-321.

10090:Sart3
gene id: 10090:Sart3
uniprot id: Q9JLI8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cajal body
messages: Component of the 7SK snRNP complex at least composed of P-TEFb (composed of CDK9 and CCNT1/cyclin-T1), HEXIM1, HEXIM2, BCDIN3, SART3 proteins and 7SK and U6 snRNAs. Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2. Interacts with PRPF3 and USP4; the interaction with PRPF3 is direct and recruits USP4 to its substrate PRPF3. Interacts with USP15; the interaction is direct.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed from early prenatal stages, as early as 7 dpc and increased thereafter.
messages: Knockout of Sart3 is embryonic lethal.
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: U6 snRNP-binding protein that functions as a recycling factor of the splicing machinery. Promotes the initial reassembly of U4 and U6 snRNPs following their ejection from the spliceosome during its maturation. Also binds U6atac snRNPs and may function as a recycling factor for U4atac/U6atac spliceosomal snRNP, an initial step in the assembly of U12-type spliceosomal complex. The U12-type spliceosomal complex plays a role in the splicing of introns with non-canonical splice sites. May also function as a substrate-targeting factor for deubiquitinases like USP4 and USP15. Recruits USP4 to ubiquitinated PRPF3 within the U4/U5/U6 tri-snRNP complex, promoting PRPF3 deubiquitination and thereby regulating the spliceosome U4/U5/U6 tri-snRNP spliceosomal complex disassembly. May also recruit the deubiquitinase USP15 to histone H2B and mediate histone deubiquitination, thereby regulating gene expression and/or DNA repair (By similarity). May play a role in hematopoiesis probably through transcription regulation of specific genes including MYC (PubMed:21447833).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with low level of expression in liver, heart and skeletal (PubMed:10761712). Also detected in hematopoietic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21447833).
messages: Up-regulated in proliferating hematopoietic cells.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Adora3
gene id: 10090:Adora3
uniprot id: Q3U4C5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.

10090:Snrnp27
gene id: 10090:Snrnp27
uniprot id: Q8K194
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNUT3 family.
messages: May play a role in mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a tri-snRNP complex.

10090:Vmn1r20
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r20
uniprot id: K7N778
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rab26
gene id: 10090:Rab26
uniprot id: Q504M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Detected in zymogenic cells in the stomach.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with ADRA2B (By similarity). Interacts with RIMS1.
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. Mediates transport of ADRA2A and ADRA2B from the Golgi to the cell membrane. Plays a role in the maturation of zymogenic granules and in pepsinogen secretion in the stomach (By similarity). Plays a role in the secretion of amylase from acinar granules in the parotid gland.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Asf1a
gene id: 10090:Asf1a
uniprot id: Q9CQE6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ASF1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Embryonic lethality at mid-gestation (9.5 dpc).
messages: Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly. Cooperates with chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) to promote replication-dependent chromatin assembly and with HIRA to promote replication-independent chromatin assembly. Promotes homologous recombination-mediated repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) at stalled or collapsed replication forks: acts by mediating histone replacement at DSBs, leading to recruitment of the MMS22L-TONSL complex and subsequent loading of RAD51. Also involved in the nuclear import of the histone H3-H4 dimer together with importin-4 (IPO4): specifically recognizes and binds newly synthesized histones with the monomethylation of H3 'Lys-9' and acetylation at 'Lys-14' (H3K9me1K14ac) marks, and diacetylation at 'Lys-5' and 'Lys-12' of H4 (H4K5K12ac) marks in the cytosol. Required for the formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) and efficient senescence-associated cell cycle exit.
messages: Interacts with histone H3 (including both histone H3.1 and H3.3) and histone H4. Interacts with the CHAF1A, CHAF1B and RBBP4 subunits of the CAF-1 complex. Interacts with CABIN1, HAT1, HIRA, NASP, TAF1 and UBN1. Interacts with CDAN1. Found in a cytosolic complex with IPO4 and histones H3 and H4. Interacts with CREBBP.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TLK1 and TLK2. Highly phosphorylated in S-phase and at lower levels in M-phase. TLK2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-192 prevents proteasome-dependent degradation. Phosphorylation at Ser-192 by PRKDC in response to DNA damage promotes the histone chaperone activity and ability to replace histones at double-strand breaks (DSBs) at stalled or collapsed replication forks, leading to RAD51 recruitment.

10090:Hps6
gene id: 10090:Hps6
uniprot id: Q8BLY7
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (or BLOC2) composed of HPS3, HPS5 and HPS6. Interacts with HPS5 and HPS3. Interacts with biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC1). Interacts with dynein intermediate chain (By similarity). Interacts with AP-3 complex (PubMed:19010779). Interacts with DCTN1 (PubMed:25189619).
messages: Defects in Hps6 are the cause of Hermansky-Pudlak-like syndrome, a syndrome characterized by hypopigmented eyes and coat, melanosomes greatly reduced in number and morphologically bizarre, kidney proximal tubules secreting lysosomal enzymes into urine at greatly reduced rates, platelet dense granules deficient in critical components, such as serotonin and adenine nucleotides, leading to functionally abnormal platelets and prolonged bleeding times, and mast cell granules undergoing unregulated 'kiss-and-run' fusion at the plasma membrane.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules (By similarity). Acts as cargo adapter for the dynein-dynactin motor complex to mediate the transport of lysosomes from the cell periphery to the perinuclear region. Facilitates retrograde lysosomal trafficking by linking the motor complex to lysosomes, and perinuclear positioning of lysosomes is crucial for the delivery of endocytic cargos to lysosomes, for lysosome maturation and functioning (PubMed:25189619).
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Widely expressed, with lowest expression in skeletal muscle.
messages: cytosol

10090:Elp2
gene id: 10090:Elp2
uniprot id: Q91WG4
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ELP2 family.
messages: Component of the elongator complex which consists of ELP1, ELP2, ELP3, ELP4, ELP5 and ELP6. Interacts with STAT3 and JAKs (PubMed:10954736).
messages: Component of the elongator complex which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine). The elongator comple catalyzes the formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Folds into a two seven-bladed beta-propeller structure which is required for elongator complex assembly.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongator complex was originally thought to play a role in transcription elongation. However, it is no longer thought to play a direct role in this process and its primary function is thought to be in tRNA modification.

10090:Bcas2
gene id: 10090:Bcas2
uniprot id: Q9D287
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPF27 family.
messages: Component of the pre-catalytic and catalytic spliceosome complexes. Component of the postcatalytic spliceosome P complex. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L splicing complex composed of a core complex comprising a homotetramer of PRPF19, CDC5L, PLRG1 and BCAS2, and at least three less stably associated proteins CTNNBL1, CWC15 and HSPA8. Interacts directly in the complex with PRPF19, CDC5L and PLRG1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the activated spliceosome. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L complex that forms an integral part of the spliceosome and is required for activating pre-mRNA splicing. May have a scaffolding role in the spliceosome assembly as it contacts all other components of the core complex. The PRP19-CDC5L complex may also play a role in the response to DNA damage (DDR).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Vmn2r101
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r101
uniprot id: E9PZS9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nipal4
gene id: 10090:Nipal4
uniprot id: Q8BZF2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Ba(2+), Sr(2+) and Fe(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+) (PubMed:18667602). May be a receptor for ligands (trioxilins A3 and B3) from the hepoxilin pathway (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Up-regulated by low magnesium ion levels.

10090:Or8b49
gene id: 10090:Or8b49
uniprot id: E9Q716
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam193b
gene id: 10090:Fam193b
uniprot id: Q3U2K0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM193 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp445
gene id: 10090:Zfp445
uniprot id: Q8R2V3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: About one-third of zygotic mutants survived to adulthood. They do not exhibit any loss of methylation imprints at ICRs in the brain and liver at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:30602440). Double zygotic mutations of ZFP57 and ZNF445 are embryonically lethal and embryos show no gross morphological abnormalities but significant reduction in size and weight at 11.5 dpc, a phenotype more pronounced than in ZFP57 mutant mice with a more severe loss of impinting (PubMed:30602440).
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription regulator required to maintain maternal and paternal gene imprinting, a process by which gene expression is restricted in a parent of origin-specific manner by epigenetic modification of genomic DNA and chromatin, including DNA methylation. Acts by controlling DNA methylation during the earliest multicellular stages of development at multiple imprinting control regions (ICRs) (PubMed:30602440). Acts together with ZFP57, but ZFP57 plays the predominant role in imprinting maintenance. In contrast, ZNF445 seems to be the major factor in human early embryonic imprinting maintenance (PubMed:30602440).

10090:Or5p59
gene id: 10090:Or5p59
uniprot id: Q14AB1
uniprot id: Q8VG05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Ppp1r36
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r36
uniprot id: D3Z0R2
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes.
messages: Interacts with PPP1CA.

10090:Galt
gene id: 10090:Galt
uniprot id: A2AMS3
uniprot id: Q03249
uniprot id: Q3TQJ2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase type 1 family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 zinc ions per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Plays an important role in galactose metabolism.

10090:Slc15a2
gene id: 10090:Slc15a2
uniprot id: Q80XC0
uniprot id: Q9JM03
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.
messages: Interacts (via extracellular domain region) with trypsin.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mtpap
gene id: 10090:Mtpap
uniprot id: Q9D0D3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Polymerase that creates the 3' poly(A) tail of mitochondrial transcripts. Can use all four nucleotides, but has higher activity with ATP and UTP (in vitro). Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. May be involved in the terminal uridylation of mature histone mRNAs before their degradation is initiated. Might be responsible for the creation of some UAA stop codons which are not encoded in mtDNA (By similarity).

10090:Ppfibp1
gene id: 10090:Ppfibp1
uniprot id: Q8C8U0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-beta subfamily.
messages: Forms homodimers and heterodimers. Interacts with S100A4 in a calcium-dependent mode (By similarity).
messages: May regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions. Did not bind receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases type 2A (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal coiled coil regions mediate homodimerization preferentially and heterodimerization type beta/beta. The C-terminal, non-coiled coil regions mediate heterodimerization type beta/alpha and interaction with S100A4 (By similarity).

10090:Agr2
gene id: 10090:Agr2
uniprot id: O88312
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AGR family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in embryo at 15 dpc onwards.
messages: Expressed in lung, skeletal muscle, testis, liver, stomach, colon, small intestine, the goblet cells of the intestine and the mucuous neck cells of the stomach.
messages: Mice are viable but display altered production of mucus with loss of production of MUC2 despite expression of its mRNA. They also display an increase in mast cells in the intestine, an increased expression of inflammation-specific genes, and frequent rectal prolapse. This is associated with a higher susceptibility to colitis.
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with LYPD3 and DAG1 (alphaDAG1). Interacts with MUC2; disulfide-linked.
messages: Required for MUC2 post-transcriptional synthesis and secretion. May play a role in the production of mucus by intestinal cells. Proto-oncogene that may play a role in cell migration, cell differentiation and cell growth (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Rspry1
gene id: 10090:Rspry1
uniprot id: Q8BVR6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in embryonic bone during primary endochondral ossification. Strong localization is observed in the perichondrium and periostium (at protein level). Also expressed in embryonic and postnatal brain and craniofacial tissues. Expressed in skeletal muscles (PubMed:26497270).
messages: Secreted
messages: Shows relatively low expression levels in proliferating myoblasts. Expression peaks at around day 1 of differentiation into myotubes and decreases again by day 10, when assayed in C2C12 cell line (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated in response to denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Induced by MYOD1.

10090:Plet1
gene id: 10090:Plet1
uniprot id: Q8VEN2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: GPI-anchored.
messages: In early embryos before gastrulation, it is specifically expressed in the distal-most part of the extraembryonic ectoderm, adjacent to the epiblast. Expression is highly restricted to the developing pharyngeal endoderm and mesonephros until day 11.5 of embryogenesis.
messages: Modulates leading keratinocyte migration and cellular adhesion to matrix proteins during a wound-healing response and promotes wound repair. May play a role during trichilemmal differentiation of the hair follicle.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Present in hair follicle cells and sebaceous gland of skin, ciliated epithelial cells of trachea and bronchial tube, striated portion of submandibular gland, distal convoluted tubule cells of kidney, ciliated epithelial cells of oviduct, medulla of adrenal gland and anterior lobe of pituitary gland. Expressed in keratinocytes of the hair follicle at the trichilemmal zone corresponding to the terminally differentiated outermost suprabasal outer root sheath (ORS), including that of the sebaceous gland duct (SGD) and the directly adjacent upper distal end of the companion layer (CL). Expression is similar in all hair follicle growth stages. Also detected during both the early and late anagen phases above the bulge of stem cells. Expressed at the leading edge of the epidermal wound. Not expressed in the interfollicular epidermis (IFE), inner root sheath (IRS) and hair fiber. Highly expressed in placenta. Detected in mammary and prostate epithelia and in the pancreas (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated during calcium-induced terminal differentiation of outer root sheath (ORS) keratinocytes.

10090:Terf2
gene id: 10090:Terf2
uniprot id: D3YZ08
uniprot id: O35144
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds the telomeric double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeat and plays a central role in telomere maintenance and protection against end-to-end fusion of chromosomes. In addition to its telomeric DNA-binding role, required to recruit a number of factors and enzymes required for telomere protection, including the shelterin complex, TERF2IP/RAP1 and DCLRE1B/Apollo. Component of the shelterin complex (telosome) that is involved in the regulation of telomere length and protection. Shelterin associates with arrays of double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats added by telomerase and protects chromosome ends; without its protective activity, telomeres are no longer hidden from the DNA damage surveillance and chromosome ends are inappropriately processed by DNA repair pathways. Together with DCLRE1B/Apollo, plays a key role in telomeric loop (T loop) formation by generating 3' single-stranded overhang at the leading end telomeres: T loops have been proposed to protect chromosome ends from degradation and repair. Required both to recruit DCLRE1B/Apollo to telomeres and activate the exonuclease activity of DCLRE1B/Apollo. Preferentially binds to positive supercoiled DNA. Together with DCLRE1B/Apollo, required to control the amount of DNA topoisomerase (TOP1, TOP2A and TOP2B) needed for telomere replication during fork passage and prevent aberrant telomere topology. Recruits TERF2IP/RAP1 to telomeres, thereby participating in to repressing homology-directed repair (HDR), which can affect telomere length.
messages: Binds the telomeric double-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeat.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimer. Component of the shelterin complex (telosome) composed of TERF1, TERF2, TINF2, TERF2IP/RAP1, ACD and POT1. Interacts with TERF2IP. Interacts with NBN. Interacts with SLX4/BTBD12. Interacts with DCLRE1B/Apollo; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with TERF2IP/RAP1; the interaction is direct.
messages: Methylated by PRMT1 at multiple arginines within the N-terminal Arg-rich region. Methylation may control association with telomeres (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage, most probably by ATM. Phosphorylated TERF2 is not bound to telomeric DNA, and rapidly localizes to damage sites (By similarity).
messages: The HTH domain is an independent structural unit and mediates binding to telomeric DNA.
messages: The TRFH dimerization region mediates the interaction with DCLRE1B/Apollo but not TINF2.
messages: telomere

10090:Arhgef37
gene id: 10090:Arhgef37
uniprot id: A1IGU4
names: Function
messages: May act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).

10090:Gm20919
gene id: 10090:Gm20919
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Rpl36al
gene id: 10090:Rpl36al
uniprot id: P83882
uniprot id: Q5M9P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Fscn2
gene id: 10090:Fscn2
uniprot id: Q32M02
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an actin bundling protein. May play a pivotal role in photoreceptor cell-specific events, such as disk morphogenesis. Important for maintaining functional hair-cell bundles in the inner ear. May stiffen the longer stereocilia of hair-cell bundles in the inner ear enabling better force transmission to tip links.
messages: Belongs to the fascin family.
messages: Defects in Fscn2 lead to hair-cell degeneration in the inner ear and are a key contributor to the early-onset, age-related hearing loss (prebycusis) phenotype when in combination with waltzer cadherin 23 mutant.
messages: Developmentally regulated, appearing in inner-hair cell stereocilia during final stages of elongation.
messages: Expressed in the inner ear. Abundant in the utricle.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: stereocilium

10090:Il1r2
gene id: 10090:Il1r2
uniprot id: P27931
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A soluble form (sIL1R2) can also be produced by proteolytic cleavage at the cell surface (shedding) involving a metalloproteinase.
messages: Associates with IL1RAP to form a non-signaling interleukin-1 receptor complex.
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Non-signaling receptor for IL1A, IL1B and IL1RN. Reduces IL1B activities. Serves as a decoy receptor by competitive binding to IL1B and preventing its binding to IL1R1. Also modulates cellular response through non-signaling association with IL1RAP after binding to IL1B. IL1R2 (membrane and secreted forms) preferentially binds IL1B and poorly IL1A and IL1RN. The secreted IL1R2 recruits secreted IL1RAP with high affinity; this complex formation may be the dominant mechanism for neutralization of IL1B by secreted/soluble receptors (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in B-cells, with levels 21 times higher than IL1R1. In T-cells expressed 5 times more compared with IL1R1.

10090:Gtpbp10
gene id: 10090:Gtpbp10
uniprot id: Q8K013
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.
messages: May be involved in the ribosome maturation process.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Mtg2
gene id: 10090:Mtg2
uniprot id: A2AFK4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.

10090:H2az2
gene id: 10090:H2az2
uniprot id: B2RVP5
uniprot id: Q3THW5
uniprot id: Q8R029
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase. Acetylation disappears at mitosis.
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AZ2 forms a heterodimer with H2B (By similarity).
messages: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division (By similarity).

10090:Cenpv
gene id: 10090:Cenpv
uniprot id: Q9CXS4
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Gfa family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for distribution of pericentromeric heterochromatin in interphase nuclei and for centromere formation and organization, chromosome alignment and cytokinesis.
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Cenph
gene id: 10090:Cenph
uniprot id: Q9QYM8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed between embryonic day 9.5 and 12.5.
messages: Abundantly expressed in thymus, spleen, uterus, ovary, testis and muscle, and weakly expressed in small intestine, lung and stomach. Barely detectable expression in kidney, liver, skin and prostate gland. Not detected in brain, heart or adrenal gland. Also expressed weakly in various hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: Belongs to the CENP-H/MCM16 family.
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres. Required for chromosome congression and efficiently align the chromosomes on a metaphase plate (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Self-associates. Component of the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU. The CENPA-NAC complex interacts with the CENPA-CAD complex, composed of CENPI, CENPK, CENPL, CENPO, CENPP, CENPQ, CENPR and CENPS (By similarity). Interacts directly with CENPK (By similarity). Interacts with KIF2C and NDC80 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM36.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Prpf38b
gene id: 10090:Prpf38b
uniprot id: Q80SY5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PRP38 family.
messages: May be required for pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Shisal2b
gene id: 10090:Shisal2b
uniprot id: Q9D1Y9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the shisa family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Kdm4b
gene id: 10090:Kdm4b
uniprot id: Q91VY5
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the JHDM3 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Expression is especially strong in the hippocampus and throughout the CNS from embryonic periods through adulthood.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3, thereby playing a role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-4', H3 'Lys-27', H3 'Lys-36' nor H4 'Lys-20'. Only able to demethylate trimethylated H3 'Lys-9', with a weaker activity than KDM4A, KDM4C and KDM4D. Demethylation of Lys residue generates formaldehyde and succinate (By similarity). Plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 2 Tudor domains recognize and bind methylated histones. Double Tudor domain has an interdigitated structure and the unusual fold is required for its ability to bind methylated histone tails (By similarity).

10090:Dad1
gene id: 10090:Dad1
uniprot id: P61804
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DAD/OST2 family.
messages: Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits. STT3A complex assembly occurs through the formation of 3 subcomplexes. Subcomplex 1 contains RPN1 and TMEM258, subcomplex 2 contains the STT3A-specific subunits STT3A, DC2/OSTC, and KCP2 as well as the core subunit OST4, and subcomplex 3 contains RPN2, DAD1, and OST48. The STT3A complex can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation (By similarity). N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.

10090:Spty2d1
gene id: 10090:Spty2d1
uniprot id: Q68FG3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPT2 family.
messages: Histone chaperone that stabilizes pre-existing histone tetramers and regulates replication-independent histone exchange on chromatin. Required for normal chromatin refolding in the coding region of transcribed genes, and for the suppression of spurious transcription. Binds DNA and histones and promotes nucleosome assembly (in vitro). Facilitates formation of tetrameric histone complexes containing histone H3 and H4 (By similarity). Modulates RNA polymerase 1-mediated transcription (By similarity). Binds DNA, with a preference for branched DNA species, such as Y-form DNA and Holliday junction DNA (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with histones. Interacts with a heterotetrameric complex formed by histone H3 and H4, especially when the histone tetramer is not bound to DNA. Interacts with histone H3.3 (By similarity).
messages: The acidic C-terminal domain mediates interaction with histone H3/H4 complexes.
messages: nucleolus

10090:G6pc2
gene id: 10090:G6pc2
uniprot id: Q9Z186
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphatase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: G6pc2 is an autoantigen which is the natural target of a prevalent T-cell population causing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus through destruction of pancreatic beta cells.
messages: Initial onset of expression in the pancreas is at 12 dpc and prominent expression is detected at 14 dpc.
messages: May hydrolyze glucose-6-phosphate to glucose in the endoplasmic reticulum. May be responsible for glucose production through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Mice are no overt anatomical or behavioral phenotype but display a mild metabolic phenotype. Upon fasting those mice exhibit a significant decrease in blood glucose and triacylglycerol compared to wild-type mice.
messages: N-glycosylated; the non-glycosylated form is more unstable and is degraded through the proteasome.
messages: Specifically expressed in pancreatic islet cells, in particular those of beta-cell origin. Not detected in testis, kidney, muscle, liver, lung, spleen, brain, pituitary, gastric fundus or heart.
messages: Up-regulated in islet cells cultured in hyperglycemic concentrations of glucose.

10090:Plscr3
gene id: 10090:Plscr3
uniprot id: Q5F283
uniprot id: Q9JIZ9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the phospholipid scramblase family.
messages: Catalyzes calcium-induced ATP-independent rapid bidirectional and non-specific movement of the phospholipids (lipid scrambling or lipid flip-flop) between the inner and outer membrane of the mitochondria (By similarity). Plays an important role in mitochondrial respiratory function, morphology, and apoptotic response (By similarity). Mediates the translocation of cardiolipin from the mitochondrial inner membrane to outer membrane enhancing t-Bid induced cytochrome c release and apoptosis (Probable). Enhances TNFSF10-induced apoptosis by regulating the distribution of cardiolipin in the mitochondrial membrane resulting in increased release of apoptogenic factors and consequent amplification of the activity of caspases (By similarity). Regulates cardiolipin de novo biosynthesis and its resynthesis (By similarity).
messages: May mediate accelerated ATP-independent bidirectional transbilayer migration of phospholipids upon binding calcium ions that results in a loss of phospholipid asymmetry in the plasma membrane.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Forms homooligomers upon binding to Ca(2+), Pb(2+) and Hg(2+) ions (By similarity). Interacts with PDCD6 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCD; interaction is enhanced by UV irradiation (PubMed:19428821).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Palmitoylation regulates its localization to the cell membrane or the nucleus; trafficking to the cell membrane is dependent upon palmitoylation whereas in the absence of palmitoylation, localizes to the nucleus.
messages: The Proline-rich domain is required for phospholipid scramblase activity.

10090:Zfp568
gene id: 10090:Zfp568
uniprot id: E9PYI1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed ubiquitously at 7.5 dpc and 8.5 dpc, with especially high levels in the extraembryonic ectoderm (PubMed:18701545). Expressed strongly in head from stages 10.5 dpc to 12.5 dpc (PubMed:23071813). In fetal brain, shows highest expression levels at stage 13.5 dpc with low levels thereafter (PubMed:23071813). Detected in neural stem cells of the neocortex at stage 12.5 dpc (PubMed:23071813).
messages: Has transcriptional repression activity, partially through the recruitment of the corepressor TRIM28 but has also repression activity independently of this interaction (PubMed:22110054, PubMed:27658112). Essential during embryonic development, where it acts as direct repressor of IGF2-P0, placental-specific transcript of IGF2, in early development and regulates convergent extension movements required for axis elongation and tissue morphogenesis in all germ layers (PubMed:18701545, PubMed:22110054, PubMed:28522536). Also important for normal morphogenesis of extraembryonic tissues including the yolk sac, extraembryonic mesoderm and placenta (PubMed:18701545, PubMed:21094155). May enhance proliferation or maintenance of neural stem cells (PubMed:23071813).
messages: Interacts with TRIM28.
messages: KRAB domain 1, but not KRAB domain 2, is required for transcriptional repression. Both contribute to interaction with TRIM28. Differences in repressive activity between KRAB domain 1 and 2 are likely due to amino acid differences at multiple residues.
messages: Little or no expression detected in most adult tissues (brain, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, ovary). In the hippocampus, detected in neural stem cells within the subventricular zone and subgranular zone.
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site.
messages: Mutant embryos arrest at 9 dpc, they fail to complete gastrulation, have convergent-extension failure and a yolk sac membrane-ruffling phenotype (PubMed:28522536). Conditional knockdown in neural stem cells results in reduced brain weight at birth, however adult brain weights are normal and no other defects in brain development or morphology are apparent (PubMed:23071813). Double knockout for ZNF568 and IGF2 embryos and fetuses are found at near Mendelian ratios and indistiguishable of wild type littermates at 12.5 dpc to 18.5 dpc. However, after birth few dead pups are recovered (PubMed:28522536).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pcdhac1
gene id: 10090:Pcdhac1
uniprot id: Q91Y10
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Mpc1
gene id: 10090:Mpc1
uniprot id: D3Z5S0
uniprot id: P63030
uniprot id: Q3UX28
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) (TC 2.A.105) family.
messages: Homodimer. Forms heterodimer with MPC2. The heterodimer is the more stable and dominant form.
messages: Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Kash5
gene id: 10090:Kash5
uniprot id: Q80VJ8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Required for telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis and for rapid telomere prophase movements implicating a SUN1/2:KASH5 LINC complex in which SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act at least partial redundantly. Required for homolog pairing during meiotic prophase in spermatocytes and probably oocytes. Essential for male and female gametogenesis. Recruits cytoplasmic dynein to telomere attachment sites at the nuclear envelope in spermatocytes. In oocytes is involved in meiotic resumption and spindle formation.
messages: Core component the LINC complex which is composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, differentially expression of LINC complex constituents is giving rise to specific assemblies. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. Interacts (via the last 22 AA) with SUN1; this interaction mediates its telomere localization by forming a SUN1:KASH5 LINC complex. Component of a probable SUN2:KASH5 LINC complex. Self-associates. Interacts with DYNC1H1, DCTN1, DYNC1I1/2 and PAFAH1B1; suggesting the association with the dynein-dynactin motor complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: Restricted to the testis and the early ootidogenesis ovary. Expressed in spermatocytes and oocytes (at protein level).
messages: The C-terminal 22 AA is required and sufficient for localization to telomeres at the nuclear envelope.
messages: telomere

10090:Kcnh6
gene id: 10090:Kcnh6
uniprot id: M0QW64
uniprot id: Q32ME0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Angptl6
gene id: 10090:Angptl6
uniprot id: Q8R0Z6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highly expressed in the liver, specifically in hepatocytes, and weakly in the heart. Expressed in hematopoietic cells, platelets and mast cells, and detected at wounded skin.
messages: May play a role in the wound healing process. May promote epidermal proliferation, remodeling and regeneration. May promote the chemotactic activity of endothelial cells and induce neovascularization. May counteract high-fat diet-induced obesity and related insulin resistance through increased energy expenditure.
messages: Secreted

10090:Kif21b
gene id: 10090:Kif21b
uniprot id: F8VQE2
uniprot id: Q9QXL1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:27117409, PubMed:25172774). Expressed in spleen and at lower levels in testes (PubMed:10225949).
messages: Interacts with TRIM3; the interaction positively affects motility of KIF21B (PubMed:24086586). Interacts with GABARAP and GABA(A) receptor subunits: GABRG2, GABRA1 and GABRA2 (By similarity). May interact with GABA(A) receptor subunits: GABRB2 and GABRB3 (By similarity).
messages: Mutant mice exhibit behavioral changes involving learning and memory deficits.
messages: Plus-end directed microtubule-dependent motor protein which displays processive activity (PubMed:27117409, PubMed:10225949). Is involved in regulation of microtubule dynamics, synapse function and neuronal morphology, including dendritic tree branching and spine formation (PubMed:27117409). Plays a role in lerning and memory (PubMed:27117409). Involved in delivery of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptor to cell surface (PubMed:25172774).
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: growth cone

10090:Myrf
gene id: 10090:Myrf
uniprot id: Q3UR85
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At postnatal day 3 (P3), the expression is restricted to cells in the hindbrain and cerebellum, subsequently spreading rostrally throughout the white matter tracks over the first 2 weeks postnatal, mirroring the expression of Plp1.
messages: Belongs to the MRF family.
messages: Constitutes a precursor of the transcription factor. Mediates the autocatalytic cleavage that releases the Myelin regulatory factor, N-terminal component that specifically activates transcription of central nervous system (CNS) myelin genes.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryos die around 12.5 dpc. Conditional knockout mice in which Mrf is lacking within the oligodendrocyte lineage display severe deficits in myelin gene expression and premyelinating oligodendrocytes fail to myelinate. These mice display severe neurological abnormalities and die because of seizures during the third postnatal week.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expression is directly regulated by SOX10.
messages: Follows autocatalytic cleavage via the peptidase S74 domain. Autoprocessing is apparently constitutive and is essential for transcriptional activity (PubMed:23966833, PubMed:28623291, PubMed:30249802). Autocatalytic cleavage is inhibited by interaction with TMEM98 (PubMed:30249802).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homotrimer (PubMed:23966833, PubMed:28623291). Interacts (via C-terminal region) with TMEM98; the interaction inhibits MYRF self-cleavage (PubMed:30249802).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Dubious isoform due to intron retention.
messages: Membrane-bound part that has no transcription factor activity and remains attached to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane following cleavage.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed by postmitotic oligodendrocytes in the CNS. Not detected in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
messages: The nuclear localization signals mediate translocation to the nucleus.
messages: The peptidase S74 domain, also named Intramolecular Chaperone Auto-processed (ICA) domain or Intramolecular Chaperone Domain (ICD), has protease activity and mediates autocatalytic processing of the protein to generate the Myelin regulatory factor, N-terminal active transcription factor and the Myelin regulatory factor, C-terminal components.
messages: Transcription factor that specifically activates expression of myelin genes such as MBP, MOG, MAG, DUSP15 and PLP1 during oligodendrocyte (OL) maturation, thereby playing a central role in oligodendrocyte maturation and CNS myelination (PubMed:19596243, PubMed:22956843, PubMed:23966833, PubMed:24204311, PubMed:27532821). Specifically recognizes and binds DNA sequence 5'-CTGGYAC-3' in the regulatory regions of myelin-specific genes and directly activates their expression. Not only required during oligodendrocyte differentiation but is also required on an ongoing basis for the maintenance of expression of myelin genes and for the maintenance of a mature, viable oligodendrocyte phenotype (PubMed:19596243, PubMed:22956843, PubMed:23966833).

10090:Nat1
gene id: 10090:Nat1
uniprot id: P50294
uniprot id: Q546L3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the arylamine N-acetyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Participates in the detoxification of a plethora of hydrazine and arylamine drugs. Isoniazid, 2-aminofluorene and anisidine are preferred substrates for NAT-1. No activity with p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) nor SMZ.

10090:Syt11
gene id: 10090:Syt11
uniprot id: Q9R0N3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant across the brain, expression increases progressively over the first 2 weeks after birth.
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in cerebellun, cerebellar cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb and spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:30808661). Expressed by neurons, astrocytes and microglia (at protein level) (PubMed:28686317, PubMed:26450452). Expressed in macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:23303671).
messages: Homodimer. Can also form heterodimers. Interacts with PRKN (By similarity). Interacts (via C2 2 domain) with AGO2 and SND1; the interaction with SND1 is direct (PubMed:24882364). Interacts with KIF1A; the interaction increases in presence of calcium (PubMed:30808661).
messages: Knockout is lethal (PubMed:30808661). Conditional knockout mice for dopaminergic neurons show increased dopamine release, accelerated vesicle pools replenishment and enlarged releasable vesicle pools in the striatum (PubMed:29311685). Forebrain-specific conditional knockouts are viable, fertile and have normal life span. They show impaired learning an memory (PubMed:30808661).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Synaptotagmin family member involved in vesicular and membrane trafficking which does not bind Ca(2+) (Probable). Inhibits clathrin-mediated and bulk endocytosis, functions to ensure precision in vesicle retrieval (PubMed:29311685). Plays an important role in dopamine transmission by regulating endocytosis and the vesicle-recycling process (PubMed:29311685). Essential component of a neuronal vesicular trafficking pathway that differs from the synaptic vesicle trafficking pathway but is crucial for development and synaptic plasticity (PubMed:30808661). In macrophages and microglia, inhibits the conventional cytokine secretion, of at least IL6 and TNF, and phagocytosis (PubMed:28686317, PubMed:23303671). In astrocytes, regulates lysosome exocytosis, mechanism required for the repair of injured astrocyte cell membrane (PubMed:26450452). Required for the ATP13A2-mediated regulation of the autophagy-lysosome pathway (PubMed:27278822).
messages: The second C2 domain/C2B is required for the inhibitory role in both clathrin-mediated and bulk endocytosis. The transmembrane domain and the first C2 domain/C2A are critical for the inhibitory role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis or bulk endocytosis, respectively.
messages: Ubiquitinated, at least by PRKN, and targeted to the proteasome complex for degradation. Ubiquitination is inhibited by ATP13A2.
messages: Unlike in other synaptotagmin family members, the first C2 domain/C2A does not bind Ca(2+) neither mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding. An aspartate-to-serine substitution in this domain inactivates Ca(2+)/phospho-lipid binding.
messages: axon
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane
messages: dendrite
messages: phagosome
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Lce1k
gene id: 10090:Lce1k
uniprot id: J3QP15
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:H2ac12
gene id: 10090:H2ac12
uniprot id: A3KPD0
uniprot id: Q8CGP6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Nrxn2
gene id: 10090:Nrxn2
uniprot id: A0A494B8Y4
uniprot id: E9PUM9
uniprot id: E9Q5N7
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Gm20888
gene id: 10090:Gm20888
uniprot id: J3QNI1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Cfap69
gene id: 10090:Cfap69
uniprot id: Q8BH53
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cilium- and flagellum-associated protein (PubMed:28495971, PubMed:29606301). In the olfactory epithelium, regulates the speed of activation and termination of the odor response and thus contributes to the robustness of olfactory transduction pathways (PubMed:28495971). Required for sperm flagellum assembly and stability (PubMed:29606301).
messages: Detected in pachytene spermatocytes and has increased expression in early and late spermatids.
messages: Expressed in ciliated olfactory sensory neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:28495971). Expressed in testis, specifically in sperm (at protein level) (PubMed:29606301).
messages: Male mice are infertile due to disrupted sperm flagellum assembly.
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Hypk
gene id: 10090:Hypk
uniprot id: Q9CR41
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of several N-terminal acetyltransferase complexes (By similarity). Inhibits the N-terminal acetylation activity of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NAA10-NAA15 complex (also called the NatA complex) (By similarity). Has chaperone-like activity preventing polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation of HTT in neuronal cells probably while associated with the NatA complex (By similarity). May play a role in the NatA complex-mediated N-terminal acetylation of PCNP (By similarity).
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA)/HYPK complex at least composed of NAA10, NAA15 and HYPK, which has N-terminal acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA10 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA15 (By similarity). Predominantly interacts with NAA15 in the NAA10-NAA15 complex (also called the NatA complex); the interaction with the NatA complex reduces the acetylation activity of the NatA complex (By similarity). Interacts with HTT (via N-terminus) (By similarity). The NatA complex is required for HYPK stability and for reducing polyQ aggregation of HTT (By similarity). Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase E (NatE)/HYPK complex at least composed of NAA10, NAA15, NAA50 and HYPK (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA10 and NAA15 (By similarity). Does not interact with NAA50 (By similarity). Interaction with NAA15 reduces the capacity of NAA15 to interact with NAA50 (By similarity). Its capacity to interact with the NatA complex is reduced by NAA50 (By similarity). Does not interact with the N-terminal acetyltransferase B (NatB) complex component NAA25 or the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex component NAA35 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc18a2
gene id: 10090:Slc18a2
uniprot id: Q8BRU6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Vesicular transporter family.
messages: Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. Uses the electrochemical proton gradient established by the V-type proton-pump ATPase to accumulate high concentrations of monoamines inside the vesicles prior to their release via exocytosis. Transports a variety of catecholamines such as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline, histamine, and indolamines such as serotonin (PubMed:10618388) (By similarity). Regulates the transvesicular monoaminergic gradient that determines the quantal size. Mediates somatodendritic dopamine release in hippocampal neurons, likely as part of a regulated secretory pathway that integrates retrograde synaptic signals (By similarity). Acts as a primary transporter for striatal dopamine loading ensuring impulse-dependent release of dopamine at the synaptic cleft (PubMed:9427251). Responsible for histamine and serotonin storage and subsequent corelease from mast cell granules (PubMed:10618388) (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in striata and substantia nigra.
messages: Interacts with SLC6A3.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. The homozygous mutants show severe growth retardation and the majority die shortly after birth.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite
messages: secretory vesicle membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Zc3h18
gene id: 10090:Zc3h18
uniprot id: Q0P678
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with ZFC3H1 in a RNase-insensitive manner.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or5a1
gene id: 10090:Or5a1
uniprot id: Q8VFV2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ryr2
gene id: 10090:Ryr2
uniprot id: E9Q401
uniprot id: Q80ZZ5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ryanodine receptor (TC 1.A.3.1) family. RYR2 subfamily.
messages: Channel activity is modulated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at Ser-2807 and Ser-2813 increases the open probability of the calcium channel. Phosphorylation is increased in failing heart, leading to calcium leaks and increased cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels.
messages: Cytosolic calcium-activated calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. In cardiac myocytes, calcium release is triggered by increased Ca(2+) cytosolic levels due to activation of the L-type calcium channel CACNA1C. The calcium channel activity is modulated by formation of heterotetramers with RYR3. Required for cellular calcium ion homeostasis. Required for embryonic heart development.
messages: Embryonically lethal. Embryos die at about 10 dpc, due to defects in heart tube development. Cardiac myotubes display enlarged rough endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic vesicles that contain high levels of Ca(2+).
messages: Highly expressed in heart, lung, cerebellum and brain. Detected at lower levels in adrenal gland, stomach, thymus, esophagus and ovary.
messages: Homotetramer. Can also form heterotetramers with RYR1 and RYR3. Interacts with CALM and S100A1; these interactions regulate channel activity. Identified in a complex composed of RYR2, FKBP1B, PKA catalytic subunit, PRKAR2A, AKAP6, and the protein phosphatases PP2A and PP1. Interacts directly with FKBP1B, PKA, PP1 and PP2A (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP1A and FKBP1B; these interactions may stabilize the channel in its closed state and prevent Ca(2+) leaks. Interacts with SELENON (By similarity). Identified in a complex, composed of FSD2, CMYA5 and RYR2 (PubMed:28740084).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-2030 by PKA enhances the response to lumenal calcium.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The calcium release channel activity resides in the C-terminal region while the remaining part of the protein resides in the cytoplasm.
messages: The calcium release is activated by increased cytosolic calcium levels, by nitric oxyde (NO), caffeine and ATP. Channel activity is modulated by the alkaloid ryanodine that binds to the open Ca-release channel with high affinity. At low concentrations, ryanodine maintains the channel in an open conformation. High ryanodine concentrations inhibit channel activity. Channel activity is regulated by calmodulin (CALM). Channel activity is inhibited by magnesium ions, possibly by competition for calcium binding sites.

10090:Pdcd6
gene id: 10090:Pdcd6
uniprot id: P12815
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Calcium sensor that plays a key role in processes such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi vesicular transport, endosomal biogenesis or membrane repair (PubMed:10744743, PubMed:11525164, PubMed:27541325). Acts as an adapter that bridges unrelated proteins or stabilizes weak protein-protein complexes in response to calcium: calcium-binding triggers exposure of apolar surface, promoting interaction with different sets of proteins thanks to 3 different hydrophobic pockets, leading to translocation to membranes (PubMed:10744743, PubMed:11525164, PubMed:27541325). Involved in ER-Golgi transport by promoting the association between PDCD6IP and TSG101, thereby bridging together the ESCRT-III and ESCRT-I complexes (PubMed:10744743, PubMed:11525164, PubMed:27541325). Together with PEF1, acts as calcium-dependent adapter for the BCR(KLHL12) complex, a complex involved in ER-Golgi transport by regulating the size of COPII coats (By similarity). In response to cytosolic calcium increase, the heterodimer formed with PEF1 interacts with, and bridges together the BCR(KLHL12) complex and SEC31 (SEC31A or SEC31B), promoting monoubiquitination of SEC31 and subsequent collagen export, which is required for neural crest specification (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of the distribution and function of MCOLN1 in the endosomal pathway (By similarity). Promotes localization and polymerization of TFG at endoplasmic reticulum exit site (By similarity). Required for T-cell receptor-, Fas-, and glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (PubMed:8560270). May mediate Ca(2+)-regulated signals along the death pathway: interaction with DAPK1 can accelerate apoptotic cell death by increasing caspase-3 activity (By similarity). Its role in apoptosis may however be indirect, as suggested by knockout experiments (PubMed:12024023). May inhibit KDR/VEGFR2-dependent angiogenesis; the function involves inhibition of VEGF-induced phosphorylation of the Akt signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: EF-hand 1 (EF1) and 3 (EF3) are the high-affinity calcium-binding sites, while EF-hand 5 (EF5) binds calcium with low-affinity (PubMed:11525164). A one-residue insertion in the EF5-binding loop prevents the glutamyl residue at the C-terminal end of the loop from serving as the canonical bidentate calcium ligand (PubMed:11525164). EF5 acts as a high-affinity magnesium-binding domain instead (PubMed:27541325). Magnesium, may affect dimerization (PubMed:27541325). EF5 may bind either calcium or magnesium depending on the context.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome
messages: Has a lower Ca(2+) affinity than isoform 1 (PubMed:10744743).
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer; heterodimerizes (via the EF-hand 5) with PEF1 (PubMed:10200558, PubMed:11525164, PubMed:27541325). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 self-associate; probably forming homodimers (By similarity). Interacts with CPNE4 (via VWFA domain) (PubMed:12522145). Interacts with PDCD6IP; the interaction is calcium-dependent (PubMed:10200558, PubMed:10744743, PubMed:11525164). Interacts with RBM22 (By similarity). Interacts with PLSCR4 (By similarity). Interacts with ANXA7 and TSG101 (By similarity). Interacts with DAPK1 (By similarity). Interacts with SEC31A; the interaction is calcium-dependent and promotes monoubiquitination of SEC31A (By similarity). Interacts with ANXA11 (via N-terminus); the interaction is calcium-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with PLSCR3 (via N-terminus); the interaction is calcium-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with MCOLN1; the interaction is calcium-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with KDR; the interaction is calcium-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with HEBP2; the interaction is calcium-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with TFG (By similarity). Isoform 1: Interacts with SHISA5, leading to stabilize it (PubMed:17889823). Isoform 2: Does not interact with SHISA5 (PubMed:17889823). Isoform 2: Does not interact with PDCD6IP, TSG101, ANXA7 and ANXA11 (PubMed:10744743).
messages: Interacts with different set of proteins thanks to 3 different hydrophobic pockets. Hydrophobic pockets 1 and 2, which mediate interaction with PDCD6IP, are largely formed by residues from EF-hand 3 (EF3) to 5 (EF5), as well as by Tyr-180 (EF5) of a dimerizing molecule (Pocket 1) and from EF-hand (EF2) to 4 (EF4) (Pocket 2). Hydrophobic pocket 3, which mediates interaction with SEC31A, is mainly formed by residues from EF-hand 1 (EF1) to 3 (EF3).
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:12024023). Mice develop normally and display no obvious immune defect (PubMed:12024023). T-cells retain susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli (PubMed:12024023).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slpi
gene id: 10090:Slpi
uniprot id: P97430
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acid-stable proteinase inhibitor with strong affinities for trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and cathepsin G (PubMed:9126337). Modulates the innate immune response after bacterial infection (PubMed:12615907). Contributes to regulate the inflammatory and immune responses to the intracellular parasite L.major (PubMed:25030421). Down-regulates responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:9039268, PubMed:12615907, PubMed:25030421). Plays a role in regulating the activation of NF-kappa-B and inflammatory responses (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:12615907). Has antimicrobial activity against mycobacteria, but not against salmonella (PubMed:18322212). Contributes to normal resistance against infection by M.tuberculosis (PubMed:18322212). Required for normal resistance to L.major (PubMed:25030421). Required for normal wound healing, probably by preventing tissue damage by limiting protease activity (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:25030421). Together with ELANE, required for normal differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow myeloid cells (By similarity).
messages: Detected in bronchial epithelial cells (PubMed:18322212). Detected in bronchoalveolar fluid after infection with M.tuberculosis (at protein level) (PubMed:18322212). Highest expression in lung, spleen, intestine and epididymis with lower levels in liver and seminal vesicle. No expression in brain, heart, kidney and muscle.
messages: Interacts with GRN; interaction protects progranulin from proteolysis.
messages: Mutant mice show delayed epithelial wound healing and an increased inflammatory response at the site of wounding, possibly due to increased elastase activity (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:25030421). Mutant mice show an increased tendency to die from toxic shock after exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:12615907). Mutant mice are highly susceptible to M.tuberculosis; all die within 50 days after infection (PubMed:18322212). Mutant mice are highly susceptible infection by L.major. Contrary to what is observed with wild-type, the parasites are not restricted to the initial site of infection, but spread to spleen, liver and bone morrow. The skin lesions at the initial site of infection do not heal normally, but become bigger over time, in parallel with the spread of the parasites. The inflammatory response at the site of infection is more intense and persists longer than normal. Increased protease activity is observed in these lesions and may be the cause of the extensive tissue damage and necrosis (PubMed:25030421).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:9039268, PubMed:25030421). Up-regulated in lung after infection with M.tuberculosis (PubMed:18322212). Down-regulated by IFNG (PubMed:9039268). Up-regulated in lung in response to bacterial pneumonia (PubMed:9351627). Up-regulated in macrophages after exposure to L.major (PubMed:25030421). Not up-regulated in spleen in response to bacterial pneumonia (PubMed:9351627). Up-regulated in wounded skin (PubMed:11017147).

10090:Tle4
gene id: 10090:Tle4
uniprot id: Q3UY41
uniprot id: Q62441
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat Groucho/TLE family.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow-derived macrophages.
messages: Homooligomer and heterooligomer with other family members. Interacts with PAX5 (PubMed:10811620). Interacts with LEF1, TCF7, TCF7L1 and TCF7L2 (PubMed:11266540). Interacts with ZNF703; TLE4 may mediate ZNF703 transcriptional repression (PubMed:21317240). Interacts with SIX3 and SIX6 (PubMed:12050133). Interacts with PAX2 (By similarity). Interacts with TLE1 (PubMed:16314515).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-8 is the initiator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. PAX5 binding increases phosphorylation.
messages: Transcriptional corepressor that binds to a number of transcription factors (PubMed:21317240). Inhibits the transcriptional activation mediated by PAX5, and by CTNNB1 and TCF family members in Wnt signaling (PubMed:10811620). The effects of full-length TLE family members may be modulated by association with dominant-negative AES. Essential for the transcriptional repressor activity of SIX3 during retina and lens development and for SIX3 transcriptional auto-repression (PubMed:12050133). Involved in transcriptional repression of GNRHR and enhances MSX1-mediated transcriptional repression of CGA/alpha-GSU (PubMed:23371388).
messages: Ubiquitinated by XIAP/BIRC4.
messages: WD repeat Groucho/TLE family members are characterized by 5 regions, a glutamine-rich Q domain, a glycine/proline-rich GP domain, a central CcN domain, containing a nuclear localization signal, and a serine/proline-rich SP domain. The most highly conserved are the N-terminal Q domain and the C-terminal WD-repeat domain.

10090:4930402K13Rik
gene id: 10090:4930402K13Rik
uniprot id: B1AW18
uniprot id: Q9D5P7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM47 family.

10090:Shpk
gene id: 10090:Shpk
uniprot id: Q9D5J6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a modulator of macrophage activation through control of glucose metabolism.
messages: Belongs to the FGGY kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Up-regulated by IL-4 and IL-13. Down-regulated by LPS.

10090:Recql
gene id: 10090:Recql
uniprot id: E9Q3N0
uniprot id: Q3UUK0
uniprot id: Q9Z129
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.
messages: DNA helicase that may play a role in the repair of DNA that is damaged by ultraviolet light or other mutagens. Exhibits a magnesium-dependent ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity that unwinds single- and double-stranded DNA in a 3'-5' direction.
messages: Expressed in all tissues examined.
messages: Interacts with EXO1. Interacts with MLH1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Only expressed in spermatocytes. Expression increases at pachytene (17 days old) and decreases after completion of meiosis II (7 weeks old).

10090:Tmbim1
gene id: 10090:Tmbim1
uniprot id: Q3U717
uniprot id: Q8BJZ3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BI1 family.
messages: Belongs to the BI1 family. LFG subfamily.
messages: Due to non-canonical splice donor and acceptor sites.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in most tissues except spleen, thymus and testis.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice (older than 14 months) are prone to aortic dilation as well as cystic medial degeneration (CMD).
messages: Negatively regulates aortic matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) production and may play a protective role in vascular remodeling.

10090:Gpr19
gene id: 10090:Gpr19
uniprot id: Q61121
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Tmx4
gene id: 10090:Tmx4
uniprot id: Q8C0L0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus inner membrane

10090:Klra10
gene id: 10090:Klra10
uniprot id: Q9R1G6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdc6
gene id: 10090:Cdc6
uniprot id: A0A0R4J145
uniprot id: O89033
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CDC6/cdc18 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PCNA, ORC1, cyclin-CDK (By similarity). Interacts with HUWE1 (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD17 (By similarity). Interacts with GRWD1; origin binding of GRWD1 is dependent on CDC6 (By similarity). Interacts with CDT1; are mutually dependent on one another for loading MCM complexes onto chromatin (By similarity). Interacts with TTC4 (By similarity). Interacts (via Cy motif) with CCNF; the interaction takes place during G2 and M phase (By similarity). Interacts with CDH1 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the initiation of DNA replication. Also participates in checkpoint controls that ensure DNA replication is completed before mitosis is initiated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(CCNF) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex.

10090:P3h2
gene id: 10090:P3h2
uniprot id: Q8CG71
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the leprecan family.
messages: Contradictory results have been described and may be due to differences in the methods used for gene disruption (PubMed:24368846, PubMed:25645914). No visible phenotype, but decreased 3-hydroxyproline formation in collagen COL4A1 and COL1A1 (PubMed:25645914). Full embryonic lethality; the vast majority die before 8.5 dpc (PubMed:24368846). The embryos appear normal, but are surrounded by maternal platelet aggregates and blood clots that form at about 6.5 dpc, resulting in embryonic death (PubMed:24368846). Maternal platelet aggregation is triggered by interaction between maternal Gp6 and embryonic type IV collagen that lacks 3-hydroxyproline (PubMed:24368846). Likewise, pregnant females deficient for Gp6 and P3h2 that bear embryos deficient in P3h2 and heterozygous for Gp6 do not produce any live offspring (PubMed:24368846). In contrast, mutant mice deficient in Gp6 and P3h2 are born at the expected Mendelian rate and have no visible phenotype (PubMed:24368846).
messages: Detected in kidney (PubMed:25645914). Detected on kidney tubular cells, pancreas acinar cells, Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve in the pinna, and in tunica adventitia, the smooth muscle layer of the aortic wall (at protein level) (PubMed:18487197). Detected in lung, skeletal muscle and kidney (PubMed:18487197). Detected in kidney glomeruli and in prehypertrophic regions of long bone from neonates (PubMed:25645914). In the eye, detected in the epithelial layer of the cornea and at lower levels in the sclera at the posterior end of the eye (PubMed:25645914).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Prolyl 3-hydroxylase that catalyzes the post-translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline on collagens (PubMed:24368846, PubMed:25645914). Contributes to proline 3-hydroxylation of collagen COL4A1 and COL1A1 in tendons, the eye sclera and in the eye lens capsule (PubMed:25645914). Has high activity with the type IV collagen COL4A1, and lower activity with COL1A1. Catalyzes hydroxylation of the first Pro in Gly-Pro-Hyp sequences where Hyp is 4-hydroxyproline. Has no activity on substrates that have proline instead of 4-hydroxyproline in the third position (By similarity).
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum

10090:H2-Q7
gene id: 10090:H2-Q7
uniprot id: E9PWT4
uniprot id: L7N260
uniprot id: P14429
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain (beta-2-microglobulin).
messages: Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system.
messages: Membrane

10090:Caprin1
gene id: 10090:Caprin1
uniprot id: Q60865
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Ability to mediate liquid-liquid phase separation is regulated by ATP: moderate concentrations of ATP enhance phase separation, whereas high concentrations of ATP lead to inhibition of phase separation.
messages: Belongs to the caprin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
messages: Highest expression in thymus, spleen and brain (at protein level). Lower levels in kidney, muscle and liver (at protein level).
messages: May form homomultimers (PubMed:14764709). Interacts with G3BP1; interaction is direct and promotes stress granule formation (PubMed:17210633). Interacts with G3BP2; interaction is direct and promotes stress granule formation (By similarity). Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with DDX3X (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated by EPHA4) with FMR1; interaction with FMR1 promotes formation of a membraneless compartment (By similarity).
messages: O-glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated), in a cell cycle-dependent manner. O-glycosylation by OGT inhibit ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS).
messages: The C-terminal disordered region undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) for the formation of a membraneless compartment that concentrates mRNAs with associated regulatory factors. CAPRIN1 molecules in the condensed phase are neutral. mRNA-binding promotes phase separation. Moderate concentrations of ATP enhance phase separation by reducing the electrostatic potential of CAPRIN1, thereby promoting intermolecular interactions. In contrast, high concentrations of ATP invert the electrostatic potential of CAPRIN1, so that CAPRIN1 molecules become negatively charged, lead to inhibition of phase separation.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylation by EPHA4 promotes interaction with FMR1 and liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) for the formation of a membraneless compartment that concentrates mRNAs with associated regulatory factors.
messages: Up-regulated when resting T- or B-lymphocytes or hemopoietic progenitors are activated. Down-regulated when a monocytic leukemia cell line, M1, is induced to differentiate. Expressed in brain at 17.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: cytosol
messages: dendrite
messages: lamellipodium
messages: mRNA-binding protein that acts as a regulator of mRNAs transport, translation and/or stability, and which is involved in synaptic plasticity in neurons and cell proliferation and migration in multiple cell types (PubMed:20516077). Acts as an mRNA regulator by mediating formation of some phase-separated membraneless compartment: undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation upon binding to target mRNAs, leading to assemble mRNAs into cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules that concentrate mRNAs with associated regulatory factors (By similarity). Undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation following phosphorylation and interaction with FMR1, promoting formation of cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules that concentrate mRNAs with factors that inhibit translation and mediate deadenylation of target mRNAs (By similarity). In these cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules, CAPRIN1 mediates recruitment of CNOT7 deadenylase, leading to mRNA deadenylation and degradation (By similarity). Binds directly and selectively to MYC and CCND2 mRNAs (By similarity). In neuronal cells, directly binds to several mRNAs associated with RNA granules, including BDNF, CAMK2A, CREB1, MAP2, NTRK2 mRNAs, as well as to GRIN1 and KPNB1 mRNAs, but not to rRNAs (By similarity).

10090:Myo7a
gene id: 10090:Myo7a
uniprot id: A0A0R4J113
uniprot id: P97479
uniprot id: Q5MJ56
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Myo7a are the cause of the shaker-1 (sh-1) phenotype which affects only the inner ear. Sh-1 homozygote mutants show hyperactivity, head tossing and circling due to vestibular dysfunction, together with typical neuroepithelial-type cochlear defects involving dysfunction and progressive degeneration of the organ of Corti.
messages: Detected in mechanosensory stereocilia of cochlea hair cells (at protein level). Expressed in the retina, cochlea, kidney and liver.
messages: In the inner ear of the 16.5 day old embryo, expressed only in the cochlear and vestibular sensory hair cells. In addition, expression also occurs in the epithelial cells of the small intestine, hepatocytes, and choroidal plexus.
messages: Might homodimerize in a two headed molecule through the formation of a coiled-coil rod (By similarity). Identified in a complex with USH1C and USH1G (By similarity). Interacts with MYRIP (PubMed:12221080). Interacts with RPE65 (PubMed:21493626). Interacts with CIB2 (By similarity). May interact with CALM (By similarity). Interacts with WHRN (PubMed:15590698). Interacts with PLEKHB1 (via PH domain) (PubMed:15976448). Interacts with PCDH15 (PubMed:16481439). Interacts with TWF2 (PubMed:19774077). Interacts with USH1G (PubMed:21311020). Interacts with MYH9 (PubMed:27331610). Interacts (via MyTH4-FERM domains) with cytoplasmic regions of ADGRV1 and USH2A (PubMed:17567809). Interacts with PDZD7 (via MyTH4-FERM domains) (PubMed:27525485).
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails bind to membranous compartments, which are then moved relative to actin filaments. In the retina, plays an important role in the renewal of the outer photoreceptor disks. Plays an important role in the distribution and migration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) melanosomes and phagosomes, and in the regulation of opsin transport in retinal photoreceptors. Mediates intracellular transport of RPE65 in the retina pigment epithelium. In the inner ear, plays an important role in differentiation, morphogenesis and organization of cochlear hair cell bundles. Motor protein that is a part of the functional network formed by USH1C, USH1G, CDH23 and MYO7A that mediates mechanotransduction in cochlear hair cells. Required for normal hearing. Involved in hair-cell vesicle trafficking of aminoglycosides, which are known to induce ototoxicity.
messages: Originally predicted to contain a coiled coil domain but proposed to contain a stable SAH domain instead.
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-7 (MYH7).
messages: Synapse
messages: The SAH (single alpha-helix) region is characterized by a high content of charged residues which are predicted to stabilize the alpha-helical structure by ionic bonds.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Bco2
gene id: 10090:Bco2
uniprot id: Q3KNZ2
uniprot id: Q99NF1
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Broad specificity mitochondrial dioxygenase that mediates the asymmetric oxidative cleavage of carotenoids (PubMed:11278918, PubMed:21106934). Cleaves carotenes (pure hydrocarbon carotenoids) such as all-trans-beta-carotene and lycopene as well as xanthophylls (oxygenated carotenoids) such as zeaxanthin, lutein and beta-cryptoxanthin at both the 9,10 and the 9',10' carbon-carbon double bond (PubMed:11278918, PubMed:21106934). Through its function in carotenoids metabolism regulates oxidative stress and the production of important signaling molecules (PubMed:21106934).
messages: Expressed in small intestine, liver, kidney, testis and less abundantly in spleen, brain, lung, and heart.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Bcdo2 develop normally, and both females and males are fertile when raised on standard diet (PubMed:21106934). On a diet supplemented with xanthophylls, knockout mice accumulate derivatives of these xanthophylls in all tested tissues and develop liver steatosis with large lipid droplets in hepatocytes and a significantly increased triacylglyceride content (PubMed:21106934). Accumulated carotenoids impair mitochondrial respiration, induce ROS production and cellular signaling pathways related to oxidative stress (PubMed:21106934).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Up-regulated by carotenoids.

10090:Ly6c1
gene id: 10090:Ly6c1
uniprot id: P0CW02
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Gtf2h3
gene id: 10090:Gtf2h3
uniprot id: Q3UZB8
uniprot id: Q8VD76
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFB4 family.
messages: Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls the initiation of transcription.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a TFIID-containing RNA polymerase II pre-initiation complex that is composed of TBP and at least GTF2A1, GTF2A2, GTF2E1, GTF2E2, GTF2F1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4, GTF2H5, GTF2B, TCEA1, ERCC2, ERCC3, TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13. Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription (By similarity). Interacts with RARA; the interaction requires prior phosphorylation of RARA on 'Ser-369' which then enhances interaction of RARA with CDK7 (PubMed:9230306).
messages: Part of a TFIID-containing RNA polymerase II pre-initiation complex that is composed of TBP and at least GTF2A1, GTF2A2, GTF2E1, GTF2E2, GTF2F1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4, GTF2H5, GTF2B, TCEA1, ERCC2, ERCC3, TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13. Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription. Interacts with RARA; the interaction requires prior phosphorylation of RARA on 'Ser-369' which then enhances interaction of RARA with CDK7.

10090:Tpcn2
gene id: 10090:Tpcn2
uniprot id: Q8BWC0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) During Ebola virus (EBOV) infection, controls the movement of endosomes containing virus particles and is required by EBOV to escape from the endosomal network into the cell cytoplasm.
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. Two pore calcium channel subfamily.
messages: Each of the two internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer (Probable). Interacts with LRRK2. Interacts with HAX1. Interacts with MTOR; the interaction is required for TPCN2 ATP sensitivity (By similarity). Found in a complex with LSM12, TPCN1 and TPCN2 (By similarity). Interacts with LSM12 (By similarity).
messages: Intracellular channel initially characterized as a non-selective Ca(2+)-permeable channel activated by NAADP (nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate), it is also a highly-selective Na(+) channel activated directly by PI(3,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate) (PubMed:19387438, PubMed:20495006, PubMed:20547763, PubMed:25144390, PubMed:27231233). Localizes to the lysosomal and late endosome membranes where it regulates organellar membrane excitability, membrane trafficking, and pH homeostasis. Is associated with a plethora of physiological processes, including mTOR-dependent nutrient sensing, skin pigmentation and autophagy (PubMed:25144390, PubMed:23394946, PubMed:23063126). Ion selectivity is not fixed but rather agonist-dependent and under defined ionic conditions, can be readily activated by both NAADP and PI(3,5)P2. As calcium channel, it increases the pH in the lysosomal lumen, as sodium channel, it promotes lysosomal exocytosis (PubMed:32167471). Plays a crucial role in endolysosomal trafficking in the endolysosomal degradation pathway and is potentially involved in the homeostatic control of many macromolecules and cell metabolites (PubMed:25144390, PubMed:19387438, PubMed:20495006, PubMed:20547763, PubMed:23063126, PubMed:23394946, PubMed:32167471). Also expressed in melanosomes of pigmented cells where mediates a Ca(2+) channel and/or PI(3,5)P2-activated melanosomal Na(+) channel to acidify pH and inhibit tyrosinase activity required for melanogenesis and pigmentation (PubMed:27231233). Unlike the voltage-dependent TPCN1, TPCN2 is voltage independent and can be activated solely by PI(3,5)P2 binding. In contrast, PI(4,5)P2, PI(3,4)P2, PI(3)P and PI(5)P have no obvious effect on channel activation (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Loss of NAADP-mediated calcium release (PubMed:19387438). Mutant mice are highly susceptible to hepatic cholesterol overload, have hyperlipoproteinaemia and liver damage consistent with non-alcoholic fatty liver hepatitis (PubMed:25144390). TPCN1 and TPCN2 double knockouts are viable, fertile, have no obvious morphological abnormalities, and no obvious behavioral defects. After fasting for 3 days, they are less active and endurance performance is reduced by 8.3 fold in contrast to wild-type littermates that show no changes. Two days after re-introduction of food, mutants regain endurance and become as active as before fasting (PubMed:23394946).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Regulated by Mg(2+) ions, cytosolic Mg(2+) selectively inhibits outward current while lysosomal Mg(2+) modestly inhibits both the outward and inward currents. In the absence of Mg(2+), NAADP readily activates TPCN2, with properties similar to PI(3,5)P2 (By similarity). Na(+) current is inhibited by ATP in a MTORC-dependent manner. ATP sensitivity is independent of PI(3,5)P2 (PubMed:23394946). Both current elicited by PI(3,5)P2 as well as NAADP are inhibited by tetrandrine.
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in macrophages (PubMed:32167471). Expressed in pigmented cells (PubMed:27231233).

10090:H2bc21
gene id: 10090:H2bc21
uniprot id: Q64524
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Zfp410
gene id: 10090:Zfp410
uniprot id: Q8BKX7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with CDKN2A/p14ARF.
messages: Mice are viable and healthy, but display reduced expression of Chd4, leading to rerepression of fetal hemoglobin genes Hbg1 and Hbg2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated. O-GlcNAcylation may occur in response to increasing glucose levels and affect transcription factor activity.
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation increases its half-life, possibly by blocking ubiquitin-mediated degradation.
messages: The five zinc finger domains are necessary and sufficient to bind to DNA.
messages: Transcription factor that binds to the sequence motif 5'-CATCCCATAATA-3', and is specifically required to silence expression of fetal hemoglobin in adult erythroid cells (PubMed:33859416). Prevents expression of fetal hemoglobin genes HBG1 and HBG2 through CHD4: acts as a direct transcriptional activator of CHD4, a central component of the NuRD complex that represses transcription of fetal hemoglobin genes HBG1 and HBG2 in erythroid cells (PubMed:33859416). May also activate transcription of matrix-remodeling genes such as MMP1 during fibroblast senescence (By similarity). May activate transcription of the gap junction gene GJC1, perhaps in response to increasing glucose (By similarity). However, recent studies suggest that ZNF410 is dedicated to regulate expression of a single gene: CHD4 (By similarity).

10090:Tti2
gene id: 10090:Tti2
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSJ1
uniprot id: Q8BGV4
uniprot id: Q8BNA7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TTI2 family.
messages: Component of the TTT complex composed of TELO2, TTI1 and TTI2. Interacts with TELO2 and TTI1. Interacts with WAC; WAC positively regulates MTOR activity by promoting the assembly of the TTT complex and the RUVBL complex composed of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 into the TTT-RUVBL complex which leads to the dimerization of the mTORC1 complex and its subsequent activation.
messages: Regulator of the DNA damage response (DDR). Part of the TTT complex that is required to stabilize protein levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) family proteins. The TTT complex is involved in the cellular resistance to DNA damage stresses, like ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet (UV) and mitomycin C (MMC). Together with the TTT complex and HSP90 may participate in the proper folding of newly synthesized PIKKs (By similarity).

10090:Zbtb8b
gene id: 10090:Zbtb8b
uniprot id: Q8CII0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Crim1
gene id: 10090:Crim1
uniprot id: Q9JLL0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in embryo at 11.5 dpc to 17.7 dpc with a maximum between 12.5 and 13.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed during embryonic development in brain, kidney, spinal chord, testis, lens, vibrissae, pinna, tooth primordia and in specific regions of the CNS. Expressed in adult lens. Displays male-specific expression in the fetal gonads with the strongest expression in the Sertoli cells of developing testis.
messages: Interacts with BMP4 and BMP7.
messages: May play a role in CNS development by interacting with growth factors implicated in motor neuron differentiation and survival. May play a role in capillary formation and maintenance during angiogenesis. Modulates BMP activity by affecting its processing and delivery to the cell surface (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp54
gene id: 10090:Zfp54
uniprot id: E9PW05
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in testis, may also be expressed at low levels in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Expression is initially maternally contributed, with increased expression at the two-cell stage followed by significant decrease at the 4-cell stage, remaining consistently low through to the morula stage (PubMed:20624068). Elevated expression in early embryonic stage (7 days post coitum (dpc)) with decreased but consistent expression thereafter in whole embryos (PubMed:10384051). Increased expression at 20 dpc in testis, with lower but consistent expression thereafter (PubMed:10384051).
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Itfg2
gene id: 10090:Itfg2
uniprot id: Q91WI7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the KICSTOR complex functions in the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Recruits, in an amino acid-independent manner, the GATOR1 complex to the lysosomal membranes and allows its interaction with GATOR2 and the RAG GTPases. Functions upstream of the RAG GTPases and is required to negatively regulate mTORC1 signaling in absence of amino acids. In absence of the KICSTOR complex mTORC1 is constitutively localized to the lysosome and activated. The KICSTOR complex is also probably involved in the regulation of mTORC1 by glucose.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Part of the KICSTOR complex composed of KPTN, ITFG2, KICS2 and SZT2. SZT2 probably serves as a link between the other three proteins in the KICSTOR complex and may mediate the direct interaction with the GATOR complex via GATOR1. The KICSTOR complex interacts directly with the GATOR1 complex and most probably indirectly with the GATOR2 complex in an amino acid-independent manner.

10090:Prl3c1
gene id: 10090:Prl3c1
uniprot id: Q0VBM3
uniprot id: Q9QUN5
uniprot id: Z4YL38
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in decidua.
messages: Secreted

10090:Kcnk1
gene id: 10090:Kcnk1
uniprot id: A0A1D5RMH2
uniprot id: O08581
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Detected at very low levels in the embryonic central nervous system (PubMed:9559671, PubMed:18222039). Detected as early as 7 days post conception (PubMed:9559671). Detected in dorsal root ganglia, hippocampus, olfactory epithelia and intestine at 19 dpc (PubMed:18222039). Expression in the brain increases strongly 3-8 days after birth, a period of intense postnatal brain development (PubMed:9559671, PubMed:18222039). Detected in dentate granule cells; expression levels show no significant variability during postnatal development (PubMed:18222039). Expression is higher in adults than in neonates (PubMed:9559671, PubMed:18222039).
messages: Detected in spiral ganglion neurons (PubMed:17079103). Detected in hippocampus CA1 and CA1 regions and in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus (PubMed:24368895, PubMed:25406588). Detected on hippocampus astrocytes (PubMed:24368895, PubMed:24496152). Highly expressed in the stria vascularis in the cochlea (PubMed:12855359). Detected in pancreas islet beta cells (PubMed:22431633). Detected in kidney, at brush border membranes in proximal tubules and in cytoplasmic structures in distal convoluted tubules, thick ascending limbs and collecting ducts (at protein level) (PubMed:15540117, PubMed:16025300). Widely expressed. Detected in spiral ganglion cells (PubMed:17079103). Highest expression in brain, kidney, thyroid, salivary gland, adrenal gland, prostate, epididymis, uterus, placenta, colon and jejunum. Moderate expression in eyes, pituitary, pancreas, smooth muscle, testis and ovary. Very low levels in lung, aorta, liver, heart, skeletal muscle, thymus and spleen. In the brain, highest expression in cerebellar granule cells, brainstem, hippocampus and cerebral cortex (PubMed:18222039).
messages: Endosome
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:9013852). Heterodimer with KCNK2; disulfide-linked (PubMed:24496152). In astrocytes, forms mostly heterodimeric potassium channels with KCNK2, with only a minor proportion of functional channels containing homodimeric KCNK1 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNK3 and KCNK9, forming functional heterodimeric channels (By similarity). Interacts with GNG4 (PubMed:24496152). Identified in a complex with PSD and ARF6; interacts only with PSD that is bound to ARF6 (PubMed:15540117). Interacts with UBE2I (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by quinine, quinidine, barium, and internal acidification.
messages: Ion channel that contributes to passive transmembrane potassium transport and to the regulation of the resting membrane potential in brain astrocytes, but also in kidney and in other tissues (PubMed:16847696, PubMed:22431633, PubMed:24368895). Forms dimeric channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel is selective for K(+) ions at physiological potassium concentrations and at neutral pH, but becomes permeable to Na(+) at subphysiological K(+) levels and upon acidification of the extracellular medium. The homodimer has very low potassium channel activity, when expressed in heterologous systems, and can function as weakly inward rectifying potassium channel (PubMed:9013852, PubMed:24496152). Channel activity is modulated by activation of serotonin receptors (PubMed:24368895). Heterodimeric channels containing KCNK1 and KCNK2 have much higher activity, and may represent the predominant form in astrocytes (PubMed:24496152). Heterodimeric channels containing KCNK1 and KCNK3 or KCNK9 have much higher activity. Heterodimeric channels formed by KCNK1 and KCNK9 may contribute to halothane-sensitive currents (By similarity). Mediates outward rectifying potassium currents in dentate gyrus granule cells and contributes to the regulation of their resting membrane potential (PubMed:25406588). Contributes to the regulation of action potential firing in dentate gyrus granule cells and down-regulates their intrinsic excitability (PubMed:25406588). In astrocytes, the heterodimer formed by KCNK1 and KCNK2 is required for rapid glutamate release in response to activation of G-protein coupled receptors, such as F2R and CNR1 (PubMed:24496152). Required for normal ion and water transport in the kidney (PubMed:16025300). Contributes to the regulation of the resting membrane potential of pancreatic beta cells (PubMed:22431633). The low channel activity of homodimeric KCNK1 may be due to sumoylation. The low channel activity may be…
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype on standard chow, excepting a lower urinary flow rate (PubMed:16025300). Mice appear normal and are fertile (PubMed:24368895). When kept on a low phosphate diet, both wild-type and mutant mice show strongly reduced urinary phosphate secretion. Still, mutant mice display higher fractional urinary phosphate secretion relative to wild-type, leading to reduced inorganic phosphate levels in blood plasma. The impaired phosphate homeostasis seems to be due to indirect effects on the expression of other transporters, such as SLC34A1 and AQP2 (PubMed:16025300). Principal cells from kidney collecting duct are hyperpolarized, display reduced potassium conductance and strongly reduced quinidine-sensitive potassium channel activity (PubMed:16847696). Besides, collecting ducts from mutant mouse kidney display a larger diameter relative to wild-type (PubMed:16847696).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Sumoylation is controversial. Sumoylated by UBE2I. Not sumoylated when expressed in xenopus oocytes or mammalian cells. Sumoylation inactivates the channel, but does not interfere with expression at the cell membrane. Sumoylation of a single subunit is sufficient to silence the dimeric channel. Sumoylation of KCNK1 is sufficient to silence heterodimeric channels formed by KCNK1 and KCNK3 or KCNK9. Desumoylated by SENP1; this activates the channel. Desumoylated by SENP1; this strongly increases halothane-mediated activation of heterodimeric channels formed with KCNK9. SENP1 treatment has no effect.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: Vesicle
messages: dendrite

10090:Or6c6
gene id: 10090:Or6c6
uniprot id: Q7TRI2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cenps
gene id: 10090:Cenps
uniprot id: Q9D084
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TAF9 family. CENP-S/MHF1 subfamily.
messages: DNA-binding component of the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex. Required for the normal activation of the FA pathway, leading to monoubiquitination of the FANCI-FANCD2 complex in response to DNA damage, cellular resistance to DNA cross-linking drugs, and prevention of chromosomal breakage. In complex with CENPX (MHF heterodimer), crucial cofactor for FANCM in both binding and ATP-dependent remodeling of DNA. Stabilizes FANCM. In complex with CENPX and FANCM (but not other FANC proteins), rapidly recruited to blocked forks and promotes gene conversion at blocked replication forks. In complex with CENPT, CENPW and CENPX (CENP-T-W-S-X heterotetramer), involved in the formation of a functional kinetochore outer plate, which is essential for kinetochore-microtubule attachment and faithful mitotic progression. As a component of MHF and CENP-T-W-S-X complexes, binds DNA and bends it to form a nucleosome-like structure. DNA-binding function is fulfilled in the presence of CENPX, with the following preference for DNA substates: Holliday junction > double-stranded > splay arm > single-stranded. Does not bind DNA on its own.
messages: Heterodimer with CENPX, sometimes called MHF; this interaction stabilizes both partners. MHF heterodimers can assemble to form tetrameric structures. MHF also coassemble with CENPT-CENPW heterodimers at centromeres to form the tetrameric CENP-T-W-S-X complex. Forms a discrete complex with FANCM and CENPX, called FANCM-MHF; this interaction, probably mediated by direct binding between CENPS and FANCM, leads to synergistic activation of double-stranded DNA binding and strongly stimulates FANCM-mediated DNA remodeling. Recruited by FANCM to the Fanconi anemia (FA) core complex, which consists of CENPS, CENPX, FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL, FANCM, FAAP24 and FAAP100. The FA core complex associates with Bloom syndrome (BLM) complex, which consists of at least BLM, DNA topoisomerase 3-alpha (TOP3A), RMI1/BLAP75, RPA1/RPA70 and RPA2/RPA32. The super complex between FA and BLM is called BRAFT. Component of the CENPA-CAD complex, composed of CENPI, CENPK, CENPL, CENPO, CENPP, CENPQ, CENPR and CENPS. The CENPA-CAD complex is probably recruited on centromeres by the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore

10090:Nup35
gene id: 10090:Nup35
uniprot id: Q8R4R6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Nup35 family.
messages: Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). NPC components, collectively referred to as nucleoporins (NUPs), can play the role of both NPC structural components and of docking or interaction partners for transiently associated nuclear transport factors. May play a role in the association of MAD1 with the NPC (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with TMEM48/NDC1. Forms a complex with NUP93, NUP155, NUP205 and lamin B; The interaction with NUP93 is direct.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Krt19
gene id: 10090:Krt19
uniprot id: B1AQ78
uniprot id: P19001
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed throughout embryonic development with highest levels at 8.5 dpc. Expression decreases by 11.5 dpc and increases again by 17.5 dpc.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Interacts with PNN and the actin-binding domain of DMD (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the organization of myofibers. Together with KRT8, helps to link the contractile apparatus to dystrophin at the costameres of striated muscle (By similarity).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).
messages: This keratin differs from all other IF proteins in lacking the C-terminal tail domain.

10090:Asns
gene id: 10090:Asns
uniprot id: Q61024
names: Disruption Phenotype
messages: Mice carrying a gene trap insertion in the gene express 20% of the normal level of mRNA. The hypomorphic mutant displays a number of defects that mirror ASNSD syndrome, although the phenotype is milder. Mice have structural brain abnormalities, including reduced cortical thickness and enlarged ventricles. Mutant mice also show deficits in learning and memory. Mutant mice do not show abnormal motor activity or seizure activity.

10090:Thbs2
gene id: 10090:Thbs2
uniprot id: Q03350
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Adhesive glycoprotein that mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. Ligand for CD36 mediating antiangiogenic properties.
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked. Can bind to fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin and type V collagen (By similarity). Interacts (via the TSP type I repeats) with CD36; the interaction conveys an antiangiogenic effect. Interacts (via the TSP type I repeats) with HRG; the interaction blocks the antiangiogenic effect of THBS2 with CD36. Can bind to fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin.

10090:Gm16451
gene id: 10090:Gm16451
uniprot id: D3YZG3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Arpc2
gene id: 10090:Arpc2
uniprot id: Q9CVB6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the mother actin filament. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs).
messages: Belongs to the ARPC2 family.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC (By similarity). Interacts with SHANK3; the interaction probably mediates the association of SHANK3 with the Arp2/3 complex (PubMed:24153177). Interacts with DNAI3; this interaction reduces binding of the Arp2/3 complex to the VCA domain of nucleation promoting factors (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in hippocampal neurons (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: synaptosome

10090:Klk1b4
gene id: 10090:Klk1b4
uniprot id: P00757
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: 7S nerve growth factor is composed of two alpha chains, a beta dimer composed of identical chains, and two gamma chains.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per 7S complex. The Zn(2+) ions are bound at the alpha-gamma interfaces.
messages: Has no demonstrable enzymatic activity. This may be due to several critical changes in its sequence, relative to those of related proteases.
messages: The presence of Gln-24 prevents cleavage of the activation peptide, which remains attached at the amino end of the mature alpha chain.

10090:Vmn1r127
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r127
uniprot id: K7N6J5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc13a4
gene id: 10090:Slc13a4
uniprot id: Q8BZ82
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. NADC subfamily.
messages: Membrane

10090:Bmp8b
gene id: 10090:Bmp8b
uniprot id: P55105
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Absence of primordial germ cells, short or missing allantois.
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: By feeding with high-fat diet and cold exposure. By beta-3-adrenergic receptor activation and thyroid hormone treatment.
messages: Expressed during specific stages of spermatogenesis, with highest levels in stage 6-8 round spermatids after 3 weeks of age.
messages: Expressed in testis. Expressed in decidual cells of the uterus and in trophoblast cells of the labyrinthine region of the placenta and in the inner root sheath of hair follicles of early postnatal skin. Expressed in the extraembryonic ectoderm in pregastrula and gastrula stage mouse embryos. Expressed in brown adipose tissue and brain.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Induces cartilage and bone formation. May be the osteoinductive factor responsible for the phenomenon of epithelial osteogenesis. Plays a role in calcium regulation and bone homeostasis (By similarity). Involved in the generation of primordial germ cells; this function involves Bmp4 in a synergistic manner though separate receptor complexes seem to be involved. Required for the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. Signaling protein involved in regulation of thermogenesis and energy balance. Proposed to increase the peripheral response of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to adrenergic stimulation while acting centrally in the hypothalamus to increase sympathetic output to BAT.
messages: Secreted

10090:Or6c33
gene id: 10090:Or6c33
uniprot id: Q8VFU5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ugt1a9
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a9
uniprot id: Q62452
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in liver and at lower levels in stomach and kidney.
messages: Homodimer. Homooligomer. Interacts with UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8 and UGT1A10 to form heterodimers.
messages: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile. Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogen hormones such as estradiol and estrone. Also catalyzes the glucuronidation of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, which are phytoestrogens with anticancer and cardiovascular properties. Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist caderastan, a drug which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II. Involved in the biotransformation of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), the pharmacologically active metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan. Also metabolizes mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressive agent.

10090:Nlrp4f
gene id: 10090:Nlrp4f
uniprot id: L7N1W9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.

10090:Tshz1
gene id: 10090:Tshz1
uniprot id: Q5DTH5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the teashirt C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: From 12.5 dpc, expressed in the mesenchyme of the developing middle ear, within areas surrounding the condensing malleus and tympanic ring and on both sides of the external acoustic meatus. At 12.5 dpc, borders and surrounds the future cartilages, but excluded from cartilaginous condensations. Not detected in mesenchymal cells in proximal ureters at 14 dpc.
messages: Interacts (via homeobox domain) with APBB1 (via PID domain 1).
messages: Normal Mendelian ratio at birth, but none of the mutant animals survive beyond P0. Newborn mutant mice exhibit a strong defect of the soft palate, vertebral malformations in the cervical and thoracic regions of the axial skeleton and malformations in the middle ear components.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes. May act as a transcriptional repressor (Potential).

10090:Med24
gene id: 10090:Med24
uniprot id: Q99K74
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 24 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity). Required for basal and activator-dependent transcription.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Interacts with AR (By similarity). Interacts with MED1 and MED10.
messages: Expressed in the adrenal gland, brain, epididymis, heart, kidney, liver, ovary, pancreas, prostate, skeletal muscle, small intestine, spleen, stomach, testis and thymus.
messages: Expressed throughout development; expression levels drop immediately after birth. Strongly expressed throughout the primitive nervous system, the hepatic primoridium and the earliest limb buds.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sqor
gene id: 10090:Sqor
uniprot id: Q9R112
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SQRD family.
messages: Binds 1 FAD per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide with the help of a quinone, such as ubiquinone-10, giving rise to thiosulfate and ultimately to sulfane (molecular sulfur) atoms. Requires an additional electron acceptor; can use sulfite, sulfide or cyanide (in vitro). It is believed the in vivo electron acceptor is glutathione.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:H2ax
gene id: 10090:H2ax
uniprot id: P27661
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H2AXK5ac) by KAT5 component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex promotes NBN/NBS1 assembly at the sites of DNA damage (By similarity). Acetylation at Lys-37 increases in S and G2 phases (PubMed:20488183, PubMed:7217105). This modification has been proposed to be important for DNA double-strand break repair (PubMed:20488183).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Haploinsufficient for the suppression of genomic instability. This phenotype is further exacerbated in the absence of TP53.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AXK119ub) by RING1 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events (By similarity).
messages: Most abundant in testis, thymus and spleen.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-140 (to form gamma-H2AX or H2AX139ph) in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) generated by exogenous genotoxic agents, by stalled replication forks, by meiotic recombination events and during immunoglobulin class switching in lymphocytes. Phosphorylation can extend up to several thousand nucleosomes from the actual site of the DSB and may mark the surrounding chromatin for recruitment of proteins required for DNA damage signaling and repair. Widespread phosphorylation may also serve to amplify the damage signal or aid repair of persistent lesions. Phosphorylation of Ser-140 (H2AX139ph) in response to ionizing radiation is mediated by both ATM and PRKDC while defects in DNA replication induce Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) subsequent to activation of ATR and PRKDC. Dephosphorylation of Ser-140 by PP2A is required for DNA DSB repair. In meiosis, Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) first occurs at synaptonemal complexes during leptotene and is an ATM-dependent response to the formation of programmed DSBs by SPO11. Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) subsequently occurs at unsynapsed regions of both autosomes and the XY bivalent during zygotene and is ATR- and BRCA1-dependent. Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) may also be required for transcriptional repression of unsynapsed chromatin and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), whereby the X and Y chromosomes condense in pachytene to form the heterochromatic XY-body. During immunoglobulin class switch recombination in lymphocytes, Ser-140 phosphorylation (H2AX139ph) at sites of DNA-recombination requires the activation-induced cytidine deaminase AICDA. Phosphorylation at Tyr-143 (H2AXY142ph) by BAZ1B/WSTF determines the relative recruitment of either DNA repair or pro-apoptotic factors. Phosphorylation at Tyr-143 (H2AXY142ph) favors the recruitment of APBB1/FE65 and pro-apoptosis factors such as MAPK8/JNK1, triggering apoptosis. In contrast, dephosphorylation of Tyr-143 by EYA pro…
messages: Synthesized in G1 as well as in S-phase.
messages: The [ST]-Q motif constitutes a recognition sequence for kinases from the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Interacts with numerous proteins required for DNA damage signaling and repair when phosphorylated on Ser-140. These include MDC1, BRCA1 and the MRN complex, composed of MRE11, RAD50, and NBN. Interaction with the MRN complex is mediated at least in part by NBN. Also interacts with DHX9/NDHII when phosphorylated on Ser-140 and MCPH1 when phosphorylated at Ser-140 or Tyr-143. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation. Interacts with WRAP53/TCAB1 (By similarity). Interacts with TP53BP1 (PubMed:12697768). Interacts with HDGFL2 (By similarity).
messages: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. Required for checkpoint-mediated arrest of cell cycle progression in response to low doses of ionizing radiation and for efficient repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) specifically when modified by C-terminal phosphorylation.

10090:Strada
gene id: 10090:Strada
uniprot id: Q3UUJ4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pseudokinase which, in complex with CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta), binds to and activates STK11/LKB1. Adopts a closed conformation typical of active protein kinases and binds STK11/LKB1 as a pseudosubstrate, promoting conformational change of STK11/LKB1 in an active conformation (By similarity).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:Dlg1
gene id: 10090:Dlg1
uniprot id: E9Q9H0
uniprot id: H7BWY4
uniprot id: Q3UP61
uniprot id: Q811D0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Essential multidomain scaffolding protein required for normal development. Recruits channels, receptors and signaling molecules to discrete plasma membrane domains in polarized cells. Regulates the excitability of cardiac myocytes by modulating the functional expression of Kv4 channels (By similarity). Functional regulator of Kv1.5 channel (By similarity). May play a role in adherens junction assembly, signal transduction, cell proliferation, synaptogenesis and lymphocyte activation. During long-term depression in hippocampal neurons, it recruits ADAM10 to the plasma membrane (PubMed:23676497).
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23676497). Expressed in the outer limiting membrane and outer plexiform layer in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:16519681). Expressed in epithelial, mesenchymal, neuronal, endothelial and hematopoietic cells during embryogenesis. Expressed in fibroblasts and T-cells. Widely expressed in adult mice.
messages: Homotetramer (Probable). Interacts (via guanylate kinase-like domain) with DLGAP1, DLGAP2, DLGAP3, DLGAP4, and MAP1A (By similarity). Interacts (via guanylate kinase-like domain) with KIF13B (By similarity). May interact with HTR2A (PubMed:14988405). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with GRIA1 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with GRIN2A (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with KCND2 and KCND3 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA3, KCNA4, and ADGRA3 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNF1 (By similarity). Interacts with CAMK2 (By similarity). Interacts with cytoskeleton-associated protein EPB41 (By similarity). Interacts with cytoskeleton-associated protein EZR (PubMed:8922391). Found in a complex with KCNA5 and CAV3 (PubMed:15277200). Found in a complex with APC and CTNNB1 (PubMed:8638125). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with APC (By similarity). Interacts with CDH1 through binding to PIK3R1 (By similarity). Forms multiprotein complexes with CASK, LIN7A, LIN7B, LIN7C, APBA1, and KCNJ12 (By similarity). Interacts with TOPK (By similarity). Forms a tripartite complex composed of DLG1, MPP7 and LIN7 (LIN7A or LIN7C) (By similarity). May interact with TJAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with PTEN (By similarity). Interacts with LRFN1, LRFN2, LRFN4 and SFPQ (By similarity). Interacts with FRMPD4 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with ADGRA2 (via PDZ-binding motif) (PubMed:25558062). Interacts with ADAM10; this interaction recruits ADAM10 to the cell membrane during long-term depression in hippocampal neurons (PubMed:23676497). Interacts with DGKI (via PDZ-binding motif) (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with MARCHF2 (via PDZ domain); the interaction leads to DLG1 ubiqtuitination and degradation (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with MPP3; this interaction connects CADM1 with DLG1 and links CADM1 with the regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) by forming a multiprotei…
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice have craniofacial abnormalities as well as a cleft palate. They are smaller than heterozygous littermates, unable to feed and die within 24 hours of birth.
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK12. Phosphorylation of Ser-232 regulates association with GRIN2A (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Synapse
messages: The L27 domain may regulate DLG1 self-association. The N-terminal alternatively spliced region is capable of binding several SH3 domains and also moderates the level of protein oligomerization (By similarity).
messages: The PDZ domains may also mediate association to membranes by binding to EPB41 and ADGRA2 together with the L27 domain that binds CASK and DLG2.
messages: Ubiquitinated; by MARCHF2 which results in its degradation.
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Adam15
gene id: 10090:Adam15
uniprot id: O88839
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Active metalloproteinase with gelatinolytic and collagenolytic activity. Plays a role in the wound healing process. Mediates both heterotypic intraepithelial cell/T-cell interactions and homotypic T-cell aggregation. Inhibits beta-1 integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration of airway smooth muscle cells. Suppresses cell motility on or towards fibronectin possibly by driving alpha-v/beta-1 integrin (ITAGV-ITGB1) cell surface expression via ERK1/2 inactivation. Cleaves E-cadherin in response to growth factor deprivation. Plays a role in glomerular cell migration (By similarity). Plays a role in pathological neovascularization. May play a role in cartilage remodeling. May be proteolytically processed, during sperm epididymal maturation and the acrosome reaction. May play a role in sperm-egg binding through its disintegrin domain. Interactions with egg membrane could be mediated via binding between the disintegrin-like domain to one or more integrin receptors on the egg.
messages: At 13.5 dpc, strongly expressed in the developing vasculature of the endocardium. At P17, expressed throughout the retina (at protein level). At 9.5 dpc and thereafter, prominently expressed in the vasculature, including in ventral and dorsal aorta and the caudal artery. In developing heart, detected in endocardium and blood vessels of the ventricle, bulbus arteriosus, and atrium. Also highly expressed in hypertrophic cells of the developing bone. In adult, expressed prominently in brain, including in hippocampus, cerebellum, pons, thalamus, cortex, and olfactory bulb.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By hypoxic stimulus in retina (at protein level). Up-regulated by VEGF in retina.
messages: Disintegrin domain binds to integrin alphaV-beta3.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed moderately in pericytes of retina. Expressed in testis and in spermatozoa from the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis, as well as in non-capacitated and acrosome-reacted sperm (at protein level). Highly expressed in heart, brain, lung, and kidney. Expressed at lower levels in spleen, liver, testis and muscle.
messages: Interacts specifically with Src family protein-tyrosine kinases (PTKs) (By similarity). Interacts with ITAGV-ITGB3 (vitronectin receptor). Interacts with SH3GL2 and SNX9; this interaction occurs preferentially with ADAM15 precursor, rather than the processed form, suggesting it occurs in a secretory pathway compartment prior to the medial Golgi. Interacts with ITAG9-ITGB1. Interacts with SH3PXD2A (By similarity). Interacts with ITAGV-ITGB1. Interacts with GRB2, HCK, ITSN1, ITSN2, LYN, MAPK1, MAPK3, NCF1, NCK1, nephrocystin, PTK6, SNX33, LCK and SRC (By similarity).
messages: May be partially sialylated.
messages: Mice targeted for deletion of the first 27 amino acids of the ADAM15 N-terminal sequence are viable and fertile, showing no major developmental defects and displaying normal mortality or morbidity. These mutant mice, however, exhibit significantly reduced ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization, choroidal neovascularization at rupture sites in Bruch's membrane, and VEGF-induced subretinal neovascularization, and develop significantly smaller tumors following implantation of B16F0 melanoma cells. Aging mutant mice exhibit accelerated development of osteoarthritic lesions in knee joints.
messages: Phosphorylation increases association with PTKs.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The cytoplasmic domain is required for SH3GL2- and SNX9-binding.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase. An additional membrane proximal site of cleavage affects a small percentage of the proteins and results in disulfide-linked fragments. The prodomain is apparently cleaved in several positions that are N-terminal of the furin cleavage site.
messages: acrosome
messages: adherens junction
messages: flagellum

10090:Prss55
gene id: 10090:Prss55
uniprot id: Q14BX2
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Controversial data exist concerning the topology of PRS55. One study in mouse shows that PRSS55 is a GPI-anchored protein (PubMed:30032357). An other study does not confirm the GPI-anchor status of PRSS55 (By similarity). However, as a GPI-anchor motif is detected, the possibility of a GPI-anchor instead of a single-pass type I membrane protein is probable.
messages: Deficient male display infertility with impaired sperm migration from uterus into oviduct and defective sperm-zona and sperm-egg recognition/binding. However, the mating activity, sperm production, sperm morphology, sperm motility, inducibility of AR, activity of acrosomal enzymes and in vitro sperm fertility are almost normal. Male show an absence of mature ADAM3 in sperm.
messages: Expressed in adult mouse testis.
messages: Probable serine protease, which plays a crucial role in the fertility of male mice including sperm migration and sperm-egg interaction (PubMed:30032357).
messages: acrosome

10090:Zfp385a
gene id: 10090:Zfp385a
uniprot id: Q8VD12
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, expressed in large polynucleated cells within the liver. Induced during adipogenesis.
messages: By p53/TP53 in response to DNA damage.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain and testis (at protein level). In brain, the expression is located to olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, satellite cells and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum molecular layer. Detected in bone marrow, white and brown adipose tissue, lung and at lower levels in the thymus.
messages: Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is direct and enhances p53/TP53 transactivation functions on cell-cycle arrest target genes, resulting in growth arrest. Interacts with ELAVL1; the interaction is indirect, mRNA-dependent and may regulate p53/TP53 expression.
messages: No visible phenotype at birth. Between 2-3 weeks after birth, some lethality is observed, may be due to internal hemorrhaging mainly in brain and gastrointestinal tracts. Surviving mutants are fertile and smaller than their wild-type littermates. Deficiency alters hemostasis which is associated with a block in the formation of alpha-granules in megakaryocytes and abnormal platelet morphology. Mice also exhibit tremor, ataxic gate, tilted head, severe impairments in motor coordination and motor learning related to cerebellar functions. Mice show functional deregulation of adipose tissues, although the total fat mass is not affected. They express lower levels of C/EBP alpha in adipose tissue, have impaired glucose tolerance with high plasma insulin levels and plasma adiponectin levels are significantly lower. Upon genotoxic stress, skin and prostate show increased apoptosis.
messages: RNA-binding protein that affects the localization and the translation of a subset of mRNA. May play a role in adipogenesis through binding to the 3'-UTR of CEBPA mRNA and regulation of its translation. Targets ITPR1 mRNA to dendrites in Purkinje cells, and may regulate its activity-dependent translation. With ELAVL1, binds the 3'-UTR of p53/TP53 mRNAs to control their nuclear export induced by CDKN2A. Hence, may regulate p53/TP53 expression and mediate in part the CDKN2A anti-proliferative activity. May also bind CCNB1 mRNA. Alternatively, may also regulate p53/TP53 activity through direct protein-protein interaction. Interacts with p53/TP53 and promotes cell-cycle arrest over apoptosis enhancing preferentially the DNA binding and transactivation of p53/TP53 on cell-cycle arrest target genes over proapoptotic target genes. May also regulate the ubiquitination and stability of CDKN1A promoting DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest. Also plays a role in megakaryocytes differentiation.
messages: Ubiquitinated upon prolonged exposure to genotoxic stress, which leads to proteasomal degradation of ZNF385A and releases p53/TP53 from cell-cycle arrest target gene promoters.
messages: dendrite
messages: nucleolus

10090:Adra2a
gene id: 10090:Adra2a
uniprot id: Q01338
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRA2A sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-16 is the initiator.

10090:Slc13a5
gene id: 10090:Slc13a5
uniprot id: Q67BT3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. NADC subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High-affinity sodium/citrate cotransporter that mediates citrate entry into cells, which is a critical participant of biochemical pathways (PubMed:35448538, PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). May function in various metabolic processes in which citrate has a critical role such as energy production (Krebs cycle), fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis (PubMed:12826022). Transports citrate into the cell in a Na(+)-dependent manner, recognizing the trivalent form of citrate (physiological pH) rather than the divalent form (PubMed:12826022, PubMed:14656221, PubMed:26324167). Can recognizes succinate as a substrate, but its affinity for succinate is several fold lower than for citrate (PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). The stoichiometry is probably 4 Na(+) for each carboxylate, irrespective of whether the translocated substrate is divalent or trivalent, rendering the process electrogenic (PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). Involved in the regulation of citrate levels in the brain (PubMed:32682952).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by Li(+).
messages: Mice show increased propensity for epileptic seizures, proepileptogenic neuronal excitability changes in the hippocampus, and significant citrate level alterations in the CSF and brain tissue (PubMed:32682952). Null mice show perturbations in fatty acids, bile acids, and energy metabolites in liver, serum, and brain (PubMed:35448538).

10090:Fndc9
gene id: 10090:Fndc9
uniprot id: Q8BJN4
names: Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Encoded in intron of the gene CYFIP2 (opposite strand).
messages: Membrane

10090:Rassf5
gene id: 10090:Rassf5
uniprot id: Q5EBH1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts directly with activated HRAS; a RASSF5-STK4/MST1 complex probably associates with activated HRAS (PubMed:9488663, PubMed:11857081, PubMed:11864565, PubMed:18596699). Interacts with KRAS (PubMed:11857081, PubMed:11864565). Probably interacts with Ras-like GTPases RRAS, MRAS, RAP1B, RAP2A and RALA (PubMed:11857081). Interacts with RRAS2 (By similarity). Can self-associate (PubMed:11857081). Interacts with RSSF1 isoform A (PubMed:11857081). The RSSF1 isoform A-RSSF5 heterodimer probably mediates the association of RSSF1 with HRAS (PubMed:11864565, PubMed:11857081). Isoform 2 interacts with activated RAP1A and ITGAL/LFA-1 (By similarity). Binds STK4/MST1, inhibiting STK4/MST1 autoactivation (PubMed:11864565).
messages: Potential tumor suppressor. Seems to be involved in lymphocyte adhesion by linking RAP1A activation upon T-cell receptor or chemokine stimulation to integrin activation. Isoform 2 stimulates lymphocyte polarization and the patch-like distribution of ITGAL/LFA-1, resulting in an enhanced adhesion to ICAM1. Together with RAP1A may participate in regulation of microtubule growth. The association of isoform 2 with activated RAP1A is required for directional movement of endothelial cells during wound healing (By similarity). May be involved in regulation of Ras apoptotic function. The RASSF5-STK4/MST1 complex may mediate HRAS and KRAS induced apoptosis.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ercc3
gene id: 10090:Ercc3
uniprot id: P49135
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-dependent 3'-5' DNA helicase, component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. The ATPase activity of XPB/ERCC3, but not its helicase activity, is required for DNA opening. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. The ATP-dependent helicase activity of XPB/ERCC3 is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls the initiation of transcription.
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RAD25/XPB subfamily.
messages: Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription. Interacts with PUF60. Interacts with ATF7IP. Interacts with KAT2A; leading to KAT2A recruitment to promoters and acetylation of histones.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or2a14
gene id: 10090:Or2a14
uniprot id: K9J725
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Arl4c
gene id: 10090:Arl4c
uniprot id: P61208
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CYTH2. Interacts with alpha tubulin; interaction is independent on the ARL4C GTP or GDP binding status (By similarity).
messages: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP). GTP-binding protein that does not act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. May be involved in transport between a perinuclear compartment and the plasma membrane, apparently linked to the ABCA1-mediated cholesterol secretion pathway. Recruits CYTH1, CYTH2, CYTH3 and CYTH4 to the plasma membrane in the GDP-bound form. Regulates the microtubule-dependent intracellular vesicular transport from early endosome to recycling endosome process (By similarity).
messages: filopodium

10090:Ppp6r1
gene id: 10090:Ppp6r1
uniprot id: Q7TSI3
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SAPS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Derived from pre-RNA.
messages: Protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) holoenzyme is proposed to be a heterotrimeric complex formed of the catalytic subunit, a SAPS domain-containing subunit (PP6R) and an ankyrin repeat-domain containing regulatory subunit (ARS). Interacts with PPP6C and NFKBIE. Interacts with ANKRD28, ANKRD44 and ANKRD52 (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6). May function as a scaffolding PP6 subunit. Involved in the PP6-mediated dephosphorylation of NFKBIE opposing its degradation in response to TNF-alpha (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous with highest expression in lung, spleen and bladder.

10090:Prl4a1
gene id: 10090:Prl4a1
uniprot id: A0A0M6L0M4
uniprot id: O35256
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Expressed specifically in placenta. Expressed in both trophoblast giant cells and spongiotrophoblast cells.
messages: Low level on day 8, abundant on days 10 to 14, and decreases by day 16.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ptprh
gene id: 10090:Ptprh
uniprot id: E9Q0N2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected from embryonic stage 16.5 dpc onwards, with marked increase in expression level after birth.
messages: Expressed strongly in the intestinal tract, with particularly high levels in the duodenum and jejunum (at protein level). Also expressed at low level in the testis (at protein level). Not detected in other tissues tested (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with LCK (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated form) with GRB2 (via SH2 domain) (PubMed:20398064). Interacts (phosphorylated form) with FYN (via SH2 domain) (PubMed:20398064). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with CEACAM20 (via extracellular domain); the interaction dephosphorylates CEACAM20 (PubMed:26195794).
messages: Protein phosphatase that may contribute to contact inhibition of cell growth and motility by mediating the dephosphorylation of focal adhesion-associated substrates and thus negatively regulating integrin-promoted signaling processes. Induces apoptotic cell death by at least two distinct mechanisms: inhibition of cell survival signaling mediated by PI 3-kinase, Akt, and ILK and activation of a caspase-dependent proapoptotic pathway. Inhibits the basal activity of LCK and its activation in response to TCR stimulation and TCR-induced activation of MAP kinase and surface expression of CD69. Inhibits TCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of LAT and ZAP70. Inhibits both basal activity of DOK1 and its CD2-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Induces dephosphorylation of BCAR1, focal adhesion kinase and SRC. Reduces migratory activity of Jurkat cells (By similarity). Reduces tyrosine phosphorylation of CEACAM20 and thereby contributes to suppress the intestinal immune response (PubMed:26195794).
messages: Viable and fertile (PubMed:19170756). No significant effect on body weight or nutrient absorption (PubMed:19170756). Morphology of intestinal epithelium cells appears to be normal (PubMed:19170756). Double knockouts with APC heterozygotes, a model for intestinal tumorigenesis, show reduced adenoma growth (PubMed:19170756). Double knockouts with IL10, a model of inflammatory bowel disease, show significantly increased colonic inflammation in the presence of commensal bacteria and reduced survival rates (PubMed:26195794).
messages: microvillus membrane

10090:Tmem151a
gene id: 10090:Tmem151a
uniprot id: Q6GQT5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM151 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, spinal cord, brainstem, and thalamus. Expression is relatively low during postnatal stages but highly expressed at postnatal day 14 (P14), and declined in adulthood. Also expressed in the stomach, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and muscle.
messages: Knockout mice exhibited frequent spontaneous dyskinesia attacks.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Des
gene id: 10090:Des
uniprot id: P31001
uniprot id: Q3V1K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ADP-ribosylation prevents ability to form intermediate filaments.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cardiac progenitor cells and immature cardiomyocytes (at protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homomer (By similarity). Interacts with MTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with DST (PubMed:10357897). Interacts with tubulin-alpha; specifically associates with detyrosinated tubulin-alpha (PubMed:27102488). Interacts with EPPK1; interaction is dependent of higher-order structure of intermediate filament. Interacts with CRYAB (By similarity). Interacts with NEB (via nebulin repeats 160-164) (By similarity). Interacts (via rod region) with NEBL (via nebulin repeats 1-5) (By similarity). Interacts with ASB2 isoform 1; the interaction targets DES for proteasomal degradation (PubMed:26343497). Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with PKP1 (PubMed:10852826).
messages: Mice hearts have reduced nebulette (NEB) and elevated actin levels, with intact myofibers showing disordered NEB organization.
messages: Muscle-specific type III intermediate filament essential for proper muscular structure and function. Plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of sarcomeres, inter-connecting the Z-disks and forming the myofibrils, linking them not only to the sarcolemmal cytoskeleton, but also to the nucleus and mitochondria, thus providing strength for the muscle fiber during activity (By similarity). In adult striated muscle they form a fibrous network connecting myofibrils to each other and to the plasma membrane from the periphery of the Z-line structures (PubMed:25394388). May act as a sarcomeric microtubule-anchoring protein: specifically associates with detyrosinated tubulin-alpha chains, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (PubMed:27102488). Contributes to the transcriptional regulation of the NKX2-5 gene in cardiac progenitor cells during a short period of cardiomyogenesis and in cardiac side population stem cells in the adult. Plays a role in maintaining an optimal conformation of nebulette (NEB) on heart muscle sarcomeres to bind and recruit cardiac alpha-actin (PubMed:27733623).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-7, Ser-28 and Ser-32 by CDK1, phosphorylation at Ser-60 by AURKB and phosphorylation at Thr-76 by ROCK1 contribute to efficient separation of desmin intermediate filaments during mitosis.
messages: Ubiquitination by a SCF-like complex containing ASB2 isoform 1 leads to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Z line
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Ttf1
gene id: 10090:Ttf1
uniprot id: Q62187
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Multifunctional nucleolar protein that terminates ribosomal gene transcription, mediates replication fork arrest and regulates RNA polymerase I transcription on chromatin (PubMed:7720715, PubMed:9267035, PubMed:15292447, PubMed:9049305). Plays a dual role in rDNA regulation, being involved in both activation and silencing of rDNA transcription (PubMed:15292447, PubMed:20513429). Interaction with BAZ2A/TIP5 recovers DNA-binding activity (PubMed:15292447).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oligomer. The oligomeric structure enables to interact simultaneously with two separate DNA fragments (PubMed:9092622). Interacts with BAZ2A/TIP5 (PubMed:15292447). Interacts with CAVIN1 (PubMed:9582279, PubMed:27528195). Interacts (via the N-terminal region (NRD) and a C-terminal region) with CDKN2A/ARF; the interaction is direct (PubMed:20513429). Interacts (via C-terminal region) with NPM1/B23 (PubMed:20513429).
messages: The N-terminal region (NRD) inhibits DNA-binding via its interaction with the C-terminal region.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Semp2l2a
gene id: 10090:Semp2l2a
uniprot id: G3X9P9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C48 family.

10090:Trim40
gene id: 10090:Trim40
uniprot id: Q3UWA4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a role in the limitation of the innate immune response. Mediates inhibition of the RLR signaling pathway by ubiquitinating RIGI and IFIH1 receptors, leading to their proteasomal degradation. Promotes also the neddylation of IKBKG/NEMO, stabilizing NFKBIA, and thereby inhibiting of NF-kappa-B nuclear translocation and activation.
messages: Interacts with NEDD8.
messages: TRIM40 deficiency greatly enhances antiviral immune responses and interferon-beta production and thus inhibits viral replication.

10090:Or5d40
gene id: 10090:Or5d40
uniprot id: Q7TR25
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or52ae7
gene id: 10090:Or52ae7
uniprot id: E9Q564
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Stim2
gene id: 10090:Stim2
uniprot id: A5CVE4
uniprot id: P83093
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Oligomer with STIM1. Interacts with ORAI1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated predominantly on Ser residues.
messages: Plays a role in mediating store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Functions as a highly sensitive Ca(2+) sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum which activates both store-operated and store-independent Ca(2+)-influx. Regulates basal cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) concentrations. Upon mild variations of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) concentration, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane where it probably activates the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels ORAI1, ORAI2 and ORAI3. May inhibit STIM1-mediated Ca(2+) influx (By similarity).

10090:Inhbe
gene id: 10090:Inhbe
uniprot id: O08717
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: First expression in embryonic liver is detected at 17.5 dpc.
messages: Homodimeric or heterodimeric through association with alpha and beta subunits, linked by one or more disulfide bonds. Inhibins are heterodimers of one alpha and one beta subunit. Activins are homo- or heterodimers of beta subunits only (By similarity).
messages: Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins.
messages: Secreted

10090:Kndc1
gene id: 10090:Kndc1
uniprot id: Q0KK55
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, highly expressed in the mid- and hindbrain and only weakly in the forebrain, but during development the main expression shifts towards the telencephalon as seen at 17.5 dpc (PubMed:16099729). In cerebellum expression is highly up-regulated between postnatal days P7 and P12. At P7, low expression levels throughout the brain, but high in hippocampus, thalamus and the cerebellar white matter (PubMed:17984326).
messages: Highly expressed in the brain and at low levels in the ovary. In the brain it is most prominently expressed in the cerebellum where it is restricted to the granular Purkinje cell layer.
messages: Interacts (via KIND2) with MAP2; the interaction enhances MAP2 phosphorylation and localizes KNDC1 to dendrites.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: RAS-Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that controls the negative regulation of neuronal dendrite growth by mediating a signaling pathway linking RAS and MAP2 (PubMed:17984326, PubMed:21385318). May be involved in cellular senescence (By similarity).
messages: dendrite

10090:Cln8
gene id: 10090:Cln8
uniprot id: Q542J5
uniprot id: Q9QUK3
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Could play a role in cell proliferation during neuronal differentiation and in protection against cell death.
messages: Defects in Cln8 are the cause of the phenotype motor neuron degeneration (mnd). Mnd is a naturally occurring mutant It is characterized by progressive motor system degeneration. It has intracellular autofluorescent inclusions similar to those seen in human Cln8.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with CLN5 (PubMed:19941651). Interacts with CLN3 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Mia3
gene id: 10090:Mia3
uniprot id: Q8BI84
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although 2 transmembrane domains are predicted, it only contains one transmembrane domain. The other predicted transmembrane region is probably a hairpin-type region embedded into the membrane, which does not cross the membrane. It is unclear which of the 2 predicted transmembrane regions is the transmembrane or the hairpin-type region.
messages: Belongs to the MIA/OTOR family. Tango1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with MIA2. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with COL7A1. Interacts with the COPII coat subunits SEC23A, SEC23B and maybe SEC24C. May interact with APOB and MIA2. Interacts with SEC16A.
messages: Plays a role in the transport of cargos that are too large to fit into COPII-coated vesicles and require specific mechanisms to be incorporated into membrane-bound carriers and exported from the endoplasmic reticulum. This protein is required for collagen VII (COL7A1) secretion by loading COL7A1 into transport carriers. It may participate in cargo loading of COL7A1 at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites by binding to COPII coat subunits Sec23/24 and guiding SH3-bound COL7A1 into a growing carrier. Does not play a role in global protein secretion and is apparently specific to COL7A1 cargo loading. However, it may participate in secretion of other proteins in cells that do not secrete COL7A1. It is also specifically required for the secretion of lipoproteins by participating in their export from the endoplasmic reticulum. Required for correct assembly of COPII coat components at endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (ERES) and for the localization of SEC16A and membrane-bound ER-resident complexes consisting of MIA2 and PREB/SEC12 to ERES.
messages: The proline-rich domain (PRD) contains repeated PPP motifs. A single PPP motif is necessary and sufficient to mediate interaction with the COPII coat subunits SEC23A and SEC23B.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed during embryogenesis, starting at 8 dpc.

10090:Olfml3
gene id: 10090:Olfml3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J086
uniprot id: Q8BK62
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the OLFML3 family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted scaffold protein that plays an essential role in dorsoventral patterning during early development. Stabilizes axial formation by restricting chordin (CHRD) activity on the dorsal side. Acts by facilitating the association between the tolloid proteases and their substrate chordin (CHRD), leading to enhance chordin (CHRD) degradation (By similarity). May have matrix-related function involved in placental and embryonic development, or play a similar role in other physiological processes (By similarity).

10090:Phrf1
gene id: 10090:Phrf1
uniprot id: A6H619
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with POLR2A (via the C-terminal domain).
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:Cfap157
gene id: 10090:Cfap157
uniprot id: Q0VFX2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CFAP157 family.
messages: Expression is activated by FOXJ1.
messages: Interacts with TUBB and TUBA4A (PubMed:27965440). Interacts with CEP350 (PubMed:27965440).
messages: Mice were born at expected Mendelian ratios and appear normal but homozygous males are infertile. Spermatozoa display impaired motility due to defects in the axoneme. Sperm cells show an axonemal loop of the midpiece, supernumerary axonemes and a disrupted axonemal arrangement, as well as defective axonemes along the flagella.
messages: Specifically expressed in tissues containing motile cilia.
messages: Specifically required during spermatogenesis for flagellum morphogenesis and sperm motility (PubMed:27965440). May be required to suppress the formation of supernumerary axonemes and ensure a correct ultrastructure (PubMed:27965440).
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Rasip1
gene id: 10090:Rasip1
uniprot id: Q3U0S6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, small intestine and lung.
messages: Golgi stack
messages: Interacts with Ras family members that have been activated by GTP binding. Interacts with HRAS, RAP1A, RAP2, RRAS, RAF1 and RRAS2 (By similarity). Interacts with MYH9 and ARHGAP29.
messages: Required for the proper formation of vascular structures that develop via both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Acts as a critical and vascular-specific regulator of GTPase signaling, cell architecture, and adhesion, which is essential for endothelial cell morphogenesis and blood vessel tubulogenesis. Regulates the activity of Rho GTPases in part by recruiting ARHGAP29 and suppressing RhoA signaling and dampening ROCK and MYH9 activities in endothelial cells. May act as effector for Golgi-bound HRAS and other Ras-like proteins. May promote HRAS-mediated transformation. Negative regulator of amino acid starvation-induced autophagy (By similarity).
messages: Specifically expressed in the endothelium of the developing blood vessels in embryos.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gm5460
gene id: 10090:Gm5460
uniprot id: A0A2I3BRZ9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATR family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tm7sf3
gene id: 10090:Tm7sf3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0K4
uniprot id: Q9CRG1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Involved in the inhibition of cytokine-induced death of pancreatic beta cells (PubMed:21853325). Involved in the promotion of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). Is a downstream transcriptional target of p53/TP53, and acts as a pro-survival homeostatic factor that attenuates the development of cellular stress. Maintains protein homeostasis and promotes cell survival through attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the subsequent induction of unfolded protein response (UPR) (PubMed:27740623).
messages: Membrane

10090:Baz2b
gene id: 10090:Baz2b
uniprot id: A2AUY4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WAL family.
messages: Component of the BRF-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex, at least composed of SMARCA1 and BAZ2B, which regulates the spacing of histone octamers on the DNA template to facilitate access to DNA (By similarity). Within the BRF-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex interacts with SMARCA1; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Component of the BRF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H and BAZ2B, which regulates the spacing of histone octamers on the DNA template to facilitate access to DNA (By similarity). Within the BRF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex interacts with SMARCA5/SNF2H; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with acetylated lysine residues on histone H1.4, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (in vitro) (By similarity). Interacts with EHMT1 (PubMed:32103178).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the ATP-dependent BRF-1 and BRF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes, which form ordered nucleosome arrays on chromatin and facilitate access to DNA during DNA-templated processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair (By similarity). Both complexes regulate the spacing of nucleosomes along the chromatin and have the ability to slide mononucleosomes to the center of a DNA template (By similarity). The BRF-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex has a lower ATP hydrolysis rate than the BRF-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex (By similarity). Chromatin reader protein, involved in positively modulating the rate of age-related behavioral deterioration (PubMed:32103178). Represses the expression of mitochondrial function-related genes, perhaps by occupying their promoter regions, working in concert with histone methyltransferase EHMT1 (PubMed:32103178).

10090:Il11
gene id: 10090:Il11
uniprot id: P47873
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
messages: Cytokine that stimulates the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocyte progenitor cells and induces megakaryocyte maturation resulting in increased platelet production (PubMed:8913282). Also promotes the proliferation of hepatocytes in response to liver damage (PubMed:22253262). Binding to its receptor formed by IL6ST and either IL11RA1 or IL11RA2 activates a signaling cascade that promotes cell proliferation, also in the context of various cancers (PubMed:10026196, PubMed:23948300). Signaling leads to the activation of intracellular protein kinases and the phosphorylation of STAT3 (PubMed:23948300, PubMed:22253262). The interaction with the membrane-bound IL11RA and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL11 and soluble IL11RA to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling' (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with either IL11RA1 or IL11RA2 to associate with IL6ST, giving rise to a multimeric signaling complex.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in hepatocytes by oxidative stress caused by liver damage.

10090:Cysrt1
gene id: 10090:Cysrt1
uniprot id: Q9D1E4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CYSRT1 family.
messages: Component of the stratum corneum that may contribute to epidermal antimicrobial host defenses.
messages: Cornified envelope
messages: Interacts with components of the late cornfied envelope (LCE).

10090:Piwil2
gene id: 10090:Piwil2
uniprot id: Q8CDG1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation by PRMT5 is required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing protein TDRD1 and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage, also named P granule.
messages: Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoribonuclease that plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Plays an essential role in meiotic differentiation of spermatocytes, germ cell differentiation and in self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Its presence in oocytes suggests that it may participate in similar functions during oogenesis in females (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and govern the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). During piRNA biosynthesis, plays a key role in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle, by acting as a 'slicer-competent' piRNA endoribonuclease that cleaves primary piRNAs, which are then loaded onto 'slicer-incompetent' PIWIL4 (PubMed:22020280, PubMed:23706823, PubMed:26669262). PIWIL2 slicing produces a pre-miRNA intermediate, which is then processed in mature piRNAs, and as well as a 16 nucleotide by-product that is degraded (PubMed:28633017). Required for PIWIL4/MIWI2 nuclear localization and association with secondary piRNAs antisense (PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation (PubMed:19114715). Indirectly modulates expression of genes such as PDGFRB, SLC2A1, ITGA6, GJA7, THY1, CD9 and STRA8 (PubMed:1626161…
messages: Expressed from 12.5 dpc until adult in male gonads. In female gonads, detected since 12.5 dpc, then begins to cease after birth and disappears until the development of adult ovary (PubMed:11578866). Highly expressed in embryonic male germ cells at embryonic day 16.5 and expression decreases by postnatal day 2.5 (PubMed:32381626).
messages: Expressed in adult testis, specifically in spermatocytes and in spermatogonia (PubMed:11279525, PubMed:11578866, PubMed:12906857, PubMed:18404146, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:19114715, PubMed:19377467, PubMed:28903391). Only detected in primordial germ cells of both sexes. Widely expressed in tumors. Also present at early stages of oocyte growth. Present in the mitotic spermatogonia (PubMed:23706823). Not detected in the first stages of meiosis (preleptotene and leptotene) (PubMed:23706823). Detected at the late zygotene stage and increases throughout pachytene, declining from this stage onward until expression stops at the early round spermatid stage (at protein level) (PubMed:23706823).
messages: Interacts with DDX4, MAEL, EIF3A, EIF4E, EIF4G, PRMT5 and WDR77. Associates with EIF4E- and EIF4G-containing m7G cap-binding complexes. Interacts (when methylated on arginine residues) with TDRD1 and TDRKH/TDRD2. Interacts with TDRD12 (PubMed:24067652). Component of the PET complex, at least composed of EXD1, PIWIL2, TDRD12 and piRNAs (PubMed:26669262). Interacts with MOV10L1 (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). Interacts with GPAT2 (PubMed:23611983). Interacts with Tex19.1 and, probably, Tex19.2 (PubMed:28254886). Interacts (via PIWI domain) with BMAL1 and CLOCK (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with GSK3B (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with TEX15 (PubMed:32381626).
messages: Mice exhibit blocked spermatogenesis at the early prophase of the first meiosis due to transposable elements derepression, and apoptosis occurs subsequently. Female mice are fertile, while male are sterile.

10090:Macroh2a2
gene id: 10090:Macroh2a2
uniprot id: Q8CCK0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in liver, kidney and adrenal gland (at protein level). In the liver, present in cells of the bile ducts and parenchymal cells, but not in hepatocytes. In the kidney, present in proximal and distal convoluted tubules and in glomeruli. Present at highest levels in the parietal layer of Bowman capsule. In the adrenal gland, present in the outer cells of the capsule.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers.
messages: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes where it represses transcription. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in stable X chromosome inactivation.

10090:Sstr4
gene id: 10090:Sstr4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1D6
uniprot id: P49660
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for somatostatin-14. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. It is functionally coupled not only to inhibition of adenylate cyclase, but also to activation of both arachidonate release and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascade.

10090:Usp1
gene id: 10090:Usp1
uniprot id: Q8BJQ2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autocatalytic cleavage of USP1 following UV irradiation inactivates it, leading to an increase in ubiquitinated PCNA, recruitment of POLH and translesion synthesis.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Interacts with FANCD2 and PCNA. Interacts with WDR48. Interacts with ATAD5; the interaction regulates USP1-mediated PCNA deubiquitination.
messages: Negative regulator of DNA damage repair which specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated FANCD2. Also involved in PCNA-mediated translesion synthesis (TLS) by deubiquitinating monoubiquitinated PCNA. Has almost no deubiquitinating activity by itself and requires the interaction with WDR48 to have a high activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CRL2(KLHDC2) complex following autocatalytic cleavage, leading to its degradation: the CRL2(KLHDC2) complex recognizes the diglycine (Gly-Gly) at the C-terminus.

10090:Apol9b
gene id: 10090:Apol9b
uniprot id: Q8C7I4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.

10090:Tcaf3
gene id: 10090:Tcaf3
uniprot id: Q6QR59
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TCAF family.
messages: May act as an autoantigen in prostate autoimmunity.
messages: May play a role in the regulation of the cation channel TRPM8 activity.
messages: Prostate-specific. Present in both dorso-lateral and anterior prostate.

10090:H2bc24
gene id: 10090:H2bc24
uniprot id: P10853
uniprot id: Q8CBB6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Fam219a
gene id: 10090:Fam219a
uniprot id: A2ANP1
uniprot id: Q9D772
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM219 family.

10090:Nat8f2
gene id: 10090:Nat8f2
uniprot id: Q8CHQ9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the camello family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable acetyltransferase (Probable). Has no detectable histone acetyltransferase activity towards histone H3 or H4.

10090:Dele1
gene id: 10090:Dele1
uniprot id: Q9DCV6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DELE1 family.
messages: Interacts (via TPR repeats) with EIF2AK1/HRI; activating the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK1/HRI, thereby promoting the integrated stress response (ISR).
messages: Interacts with DAP3.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Protein kinase activator generated by protein cleavage in response to mitochondrial stress, which accumulates in the cytosol and specifically binds to and activates the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK1/HRI. It thereby activates the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2AK1/HRI activation promotes eIF-2-alpha (EIF2S1) phosphorylation, leading to a decrease in global protein synthesis and the induction of selected genes, including the transcription factor ATF4, the master transcriptional regulator of the ISR.
messages: Protein kinase activator that activates the ISR in response to iron deficiency: iron deficiency impairs mitochondrial import, promoting DELE1 localization at the mitochondrial surface, where it binds and activates EIF2AK1/HRI to trigger the ISR.
messages: Protein kinase activator that acts as a key activator of the integrated stress response (ISR) following various stresses, such as iron deficiency and mitochondrial stress. Detects impaired protein import and processing in mitochondria, activating the ISR. May also required for the induction of death receptor-mediated apoptosis through the regulation of caspase activation.
messages: The TPR repeats bind to and activate EIF2AK1/HRI.
messages: Unstable protein in absence of stress: imported in the mitochondrial matrix following processing by the mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP), where it is degraded by LONP1. Stabilized in response to iron deficiency: iron deficiency impairs mitochondrial import, promoting localization at the mitochondrial surface and stabilization. Cleaved by OMA1 in response to mitochondrial stress, generating the DAP3-binding cell death enhancer 1 short form (DELE1(S) or S-DELE1) that accumulates in the cytosol and activates the protein kinase activity of EIF2AK1/HRI. Protein cleavage by OMA1 can take place at different positions, and apparently does not require a specific sequence motif.
messages: cytosol

10090:Khdrbs3
gene id: 10090:Khdrbs3
uniprot id: Q9R226
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KHDRBS family.
messages: Highly expressed in testis and brain. In adult cerebellum expressed predominantly in internal granular layer interneurons and in hippocampus is exclusively expressed in CA neurons; expression is restricted to neuronal subpopulations largely non-overlapping with expression of KHDRBS2/SLM-1.
messages: In the developing cerebellum expression is decreasing in the first 3 postnatal weeks.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by PTK6.
messages: RNA-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing and influences mRNA splice site selection and exon inclusion. Binds preferentially to the 5'-[AU]UAAA-3' motif in vitro (PubMed:19457263). Binds optimally to RNA containing 5'-[AU]UAA-3' as a bipartite motif spaced by more than 15 nucleotides (By similarity). Binds poly(A). RNA-binding abilities are down-regulated by tyrosine kinase PTK6 (PubMed:15471878). Involved in splice site selection of vascular endothelial growth factor (By similarity). In vitro regulates CD44 alternative splicing by direct binding to purine-rich exonic enhancer (By similarity). Can regulate alternative splicing of neurexins NRXN1-3 in the laminin G-like domain 6 containing the evolutionary conserved neurexin alternative spliced segment 4 (AS4) involved in neurexin selective targeting to postsynaptic partners such as neuroligins and LRRTM family members. High concentrations in forebrain structures block splicing inclusion of NRXN1-3 AS4 exons while low concentrations favor their inclusion. Targeted, cell-type specific splicing regulation of NRXN1 at AS4 is involved in neuronal glutamatergic synapse function and plasticity and is linked to behavioral aspects (PubMed:22196734, PubMed:23637638, PubMed:24469635, PubMed:27174676). Regulates expression of KHDRBS2/SLIM-1 in defined neuron populations in the hippocampus by modifying its alternative splicing resulting in a transcript predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay (PubMed:25505328). Can bind FABP9 mRNA (PubMed:19916944). May play a role as a negative regulator of cell growth. Inhibits cell proliferation.
messages: Self-associates to form homooligomers; dimerization increases RNA affinity (By similarity). Interacts with KHDRBS2/SLM-1 (By similarity). Interacts with KHDRBS1/SAM68; heterooligomer formation of KHDRBS family proteins may modulate RNA substrate specificity (PubMed:10077576). Interacts with the splicing regulatory proteins SFRS9, SAFB and YTHDC1. Interacts with HNRPL, RBMX, RBMY1A1, p85 subunit of PI3-kinase, SERPINB5 (By similarity).
messages: The proline-rich site binds the SH3 domain of the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase.

10090:Adamts18
gene id: 10090:Adamts18
uniprot id: Q4VC17
names: Cofactor
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Glycosylated. Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Fnip2
gene id: 10090:Fnip2
uniprot id: D3YUC5
uniprot id: Q80TD3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FNIP family.
messages: Binding partner of the GTPase-activating protein FLCN: involved in the cellular response to amino acid availability by regulating the non-canonical mTORC1 signaling cascade controlling the MiT/TFE factors TFEB and TFE3 (PubMed:23582324). Required to promote FLCN recruitment to lysosomes and interaction with Rag GTPases, leading to activation of the non-canonical mTORC1 signaling (By similarity). In low-amino acid conditions, component of the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC) on the membrane of lysosomes, which inhibits the GTPase-activating activity of FLCN, thereby inactivating mTORC1 and promoting nuclear translocation of TFEB and TFE3 (By similarity). Upon amino acid restimulation, disassembly of the LFC complex liberates the GTPase-activating activity of FLCN, leading to activation of mTORC1 and subsequent inactivation of TFEB and TFE3 (By similarity). Together with FLCN, regulates autophagy: following phosphorylation by ULK1, interacts with GABARAP and promotes autophagy (By similarity). In addition to its role in mTORC1 signaling, also acts as a co-chaperone of HSP90AA1/Hsp90: inhibits the ATPase activity of HSP90AA1/Hsp90, leading to activate both kinase and non-kinase client proteins of HSP90AA1/Hsp90 (By similarity). Acts as a scaffold to load client protein FLCN onto HSP90AA1/Hsp90 (By similarity). Competes with the activating co-chaperone AHSA1 for binding to HSP90AA1, thereby providing a reciprocal regulatory mechanism for chaperoning of client proteins (By similarity). May play a role in the signal transduction pathway of apoptosis induced by O6-methylguanine-mispaired lesions (PubMed:19137017).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer and homomultimer. Heterodimer and heteromultimer with FNIP1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with FLCN (via C-terminus). Phosphorylated FLCN is preferentially bound. Component of the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC), composed of FLCN, FNIP1 (or FNIP2), RagA/RRAGA or RagB/RRAGB GDP-bound, RagC/RRAGC or RagD/RRAGD GTP-bound, and Ragulator. Interacts with PRKAA1, PRKAB1 and PRKAG1 subunits of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase. Interacts with HSP70, HSP90AA1, STIP1, PTGES3, CDC37, BRAF, GCR and CDK4.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking both Fnip1 and Fnip2 show enlarged polycystic kidneys.
messages: Phosphorylated by AMPK.

10090:4930486L24Rik
gene id: 10090:4930486L24Rik
uniprot id: Q80UB0
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Expressed in testis and ovary. Low level in spleen, epididymis, kidney, and uterus. Expressed in primary cultures of Sertoli cells.
messages: Secreted
messages: This protein is distinct from Tes/Testin which is a LIM domain protein.

10090:Sdf2
gene id: 10090:Sdf2
uniprot id: Q9DCT5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with highest expression in liver and kidney.

10090:Or4c11c
gene id: 10090:Or4c11c
uniprot id: A2ATJ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lck
gene id: 10090:Lck
uniprot id: E9Q696
uniprot id: P06240
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on Tyr-394, increasing enzymatic activity, this site is dephosphorylated by PTN22. Phosphorylated on Tyr-505 by CSK, decreasing activity. Dephosphorylated by PTPRC/CD45. Dephosphorylation at Tyr-394 by PTPN2 negatively regulates T-cells differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.
messages: Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cell surface receptors, such as AXL, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD44, CD45 and CD122. Also binds to effector molecules, such as PI4K, VAV1, RASA1, FYB1 and to other protein kinases including CDK1, RAF1, ZAP70 and SYK. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) from T-lymphocytes through its SH3 domain and to the tyrosine phosphorylated form of KHDRBS1/p70 through its SH2 domain. Interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1. Interacts with CBLB and PTPRH. Interacts with RUNX3. Forms a signaling complex with EPHA1, PTK2B and PI3-KINASE; upon activation by EFNA1 which may regulate T-lymphocytes migration. Associates with ZAP70 and RHOH; these interactions allow LCK-mediated RHOH and CD3 subunit phosphorylation in the presence of functional ZAP70. Interacts with CEACAM1 (via cytoplasmic domain); mediates CEACAM1 phosphorylation resulting in PTPN6 recruitment that dephosphorylates TCR stimulation-induced CD247 and ZAP70. Interacts with FYB2 (By similarity). Interacts with CD160. Interacts with CD48.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Levels remain relatively constant throughout T-cell ontogeny.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show a dramatic reduction in the level of peripheral T-cells, with 5-10% of wild-type levels. T-cells also exhibit a 10-fold decrease in proliferative response.
messages: Myristoylation is required prior to palmitoylation.
messages: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8 surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4 and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein to the vicinity of the TCR/CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosine residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM) of the cytoplasmic tails of the TCR-gamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway. Once stimulated, the TCR recruits the tyrosine kinase ZAP70, that becomes phosphorylated and activated by LCK. Following this, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited, ultimately leading to lymphokine production. LCK also contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the cytoplasmic tail of CD2, which leads to hyperphosphorylation and activation of LCK. Also plays a role in the IL2 receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls the T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. Phosphorylates other substrates including RUNX3, PTK2B/PYK2, the microtubule-associated protein MAPT, RHOH or TYROBP (By similarity). Interacts with UNC119; this interaction plays a crucial role in activation of LCK (By similarity).
messages: Palmitoylation regulates association with the plasma membrane and could be mediated by ZDHHC2.
messages: Present at a low level in most T-cells, and at an elevated level in LSTRA and Thy19 (T-cell lymphoma) cells.
messages: The SH2 domain mediates interaction with SQSTM1. Interaction is regulated by Ser-59 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: The relative activities of the inhibitory tyrosine-protein kinase CSK and the activating tyrosine-protein phosphatase PTPRC/CD45 determine the level of LCK activity. These interactions allow rapid and efficient activation of LCK in response to TCR stimulation (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Tlcd3a
gene id: 10090:Tlcd3a
uniprot id: Q3TVE0
uniprot id: Q5ND56
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with GGT7 isoform 3 and SLC3A2.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sp4
gene id: 10090:Sp4
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VJR5
uniprot id: K4DI62
uniprot id: Q6DFV2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rpl34-ps1
gene id: 10090:Rpl34-ps1
uniprot id: Q9D1R9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: cytosol

10090:Fastkd2
gene id: 10090:Fastkd2
uniprot id: Q922E6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAST kinase family.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer. Found in a complex with GRSF1, DDX28, DHX30 and FASTKD5. Associates with the 16S mitochondrial rRNA (16S mt-rRNA). Forms a regulatory protein-RNA complex, consisting of RCC1L, NGRN, RPUSD3, RPUSD4, TRUB2, FASTKD2 and 16S mt-rRNA.
messages: Plays an important role in assembly of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit. As a component of a functional protein-RNA module, consisting of RCC1L, NGRN, RPUSD3, RPUSD4, TRUB2, FASTKD2 and 16S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (16S mt-rRNA), controls 16S mt-rRNA abundance and is required for intra-mitochondrial translation. May play a role in mitochondrial apoptosis.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (PubMed:18771761). Expression detected in spleen, testis, colon, heart, smooth muscle, kidney, brain, lung, liver, brown and white adipose tissue with highest expression in testis, heart and smooth muscle.
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Hsf2
gene id: 10090:Hsf2
uniprot id: A0A1W2P8F8
uniprot id: P38533
uniprot id: Q8BWK6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HSF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: DNA-binding homotrimer in stressed or heat shocked cells, otherwise found as a homodimer.
messages: DNA-binding protein that specifically binds heat shock promoter elements (HSE) and activates transcription. In higher eukaryotes, HSF is unable to bind to the HSE unless the cells are heat shocked. HSF2 is expressed in a form that binds DNA constitutively but loses DNA binding by incubation at greater than 41 degrees C.
messages: In the 7-day-old testis, isoform beta is expressed at significantly higher levels than isoform alpha. As development proceeds, the levels of isoform alpha gradually increase so that it is the predominant isoform in mature testes.
messages: Isoform alpha is expressed predominantly in testis while isoform beta is expressed predominantly in heart and brain.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Uap1l1
gene id: 10090:Uap1l1
uniprot id: Q3TW96
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:Eln
gene id: 10090:Eln
uniprot id: P54320
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the elastin family.
messages: Elastin is formed through the cross-linking of its soluble precursor tropoelastin. Cross-linking is initiated through the action of lysyl oxidase on exposed lysines to form allysine. Subsequent spontaneous condensation reactions with other allysine or unmodified lysine residues result in various bi-, tri-, and tetrafunctional cross-links. The most abundant cross-links in mature elastin fibers are lysinonorleucine, allysine aldol, desmosine, and isodesmosine.
messages: Hydroxylation on proline residues within the sequence motif, GXPG, is most likely to be 4-hydroxy as this fits the requirement for 4-hydroxylation in vertebrates.
messages: Major structural protein of tissues such as aorta and nuchal ligament, which must expand rapidly and recover completely. Molecular determinant of the late arterial morphogenesis, stabilizing arterial structure by regulating proliferation and organization of vascular smooth muscle.
messages: The polymeric elastin chains are cross-linked together into an extensible 3D network. Forms a ternary complex with BGN and MFAP2. Interacts with MFAP2 via divalent cations (calcium > magnesium > manganese) in a dose-dependent and saturating manner. Interacts with FBLN5 and FBN1. Forms a ternary complex with FBN1 and FBLN2 or FBLN5. Interacts with MFAP4 in a Ca (2+)-dependent manner; this interaction promotes ELN self-assembly (By similarity). Interacts with EFEMP2 with moderate affinity (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ak4
gene id: 10090:Ak4
uniprot id: Q3U489
uniprot id: Q9WUR9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK3 subfamily.
messages: Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon GTP/ATP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent GTP/ATP hydrolysis.
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, stomach, brain, spinal cord, heart, ovary, oviduct, colon, jejunum, ileum and testis (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028, PubMed:19130895). In the brain, expressed in the pyramidal cells of the cerebrum and glial cells in the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the heart, expressed by myocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the kidney, expressed in the proximal to distal tubule in the cortex and the outer and inner zones of the medulla (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the stomach, expressed in stratified squamous epithelia in the forestomach and in the gastric pit and mucus producing cells of the glandular stomach (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). Expressed in epithelial cells of the jejunum, ileum, and colon (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the testis, expressed by spermatocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the ovaries, expressed by oocytes, follicular epithelial cells, and corpus luteum cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the oviduct, expressed in the epithelia of the isthmus and the ciliated cells of the ampulla (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). Expressed in the pyramidal cells in the hippocampus (PubMed:9813319).
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system in a region-specific manner from the middle stage of embryogenesis to the adulthood in the rodent.
messages: Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates (By similarity). Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor (By similarity). Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in controlling cellular ATP levels by regulating phosphorylation and activation of the energy sensor protein kinase AMPK (By similarity). Plays a protective role in the cellular response to oxidative stress (By similarity).
messages: Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with SLC25A5/ANT2 (By similarity).
messages: Monomer.

10090:Eno1b
gene id: 10090:Eno1b
uniprot id: P17182
uniprot id: Q5FW97
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the enolase family.
messages: Binds two Mg(2+) per subunit. Required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells. In embryonic muscle, ENO1 is highly expressed until 17 dpc. Decreased levels from P5.
messages: Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) by p300/EP300 activates the phosphopyruvate hydratase activity.
messages: Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific. ENO1 interacts with PLG in the neuronal plasma membrane and promotes its activation. The C-terminal lysine is required for this binding (By similarity). In vitro, interacts with several glycolytic enzymes including PKM, PGM, CKM and aldolase (PubMed:9169614). Also binds troponin, in vitro (PubMed:9169614). Interacts with ENO4 and PGAM2 (PubMed:23446454). Interacts with CMTM6 (By similarity).
messages: Testis. Found in the principal piece of sperm tail (at protein level). The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons. In striated muscle, expression of ENO1 appears to be independent of fiber type.

10090:Tnfaip8l2
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip8l2
uniprot id: Q9D8Y7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of innate and adaptive immunity by maintaining immune homeostasis. Plays a regulatory role in the Toll-like signaling pathway by determining the strength of LPS-induced signaling and gene expression (PubMed:18455983). Inhibits TCR-mediated T-cell activation and negatively regulate T-cell function to prevent hyperresponsiveness (By similarity). Inhibits also autolysosome formation via negatively modulating MTOR activation by interacting with RAC1 and promoting the disassociation of the RAC1-MTOR complex (PubMed:34524845). Plays an essential role in NK-cell biology by acting as a checkpoint and displaying an expression pattern correlating with NK-cell maturation process and by negatively regulating NK-cell maturation and antitumor immunity (By similarity). Mechanistically, suppresses IL-15-triggered mTOR activity in NK-cells (PubMed:34524845).
messages: Belongs to the TNFAIP8 family. TNFAIP8L2 subfamily.
messages: By TNF in fibroblasts.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, lymph node and small intestine, but not in liver, heart, muscle, testis, spinal cord or brain. Up-regulated in the spinal cord of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Constitutively expressed by macrophages, B and T-lymphocytes at various developmental stages.
messages: Lysosome
messages: May interact with CASP8; however, such result is unclear since could not reproduce the interaction with CASP8. Interacts with RAC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TAK1/MAP3K7; this phosphorylation triggers association with BTRC and subsequent ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: The central region was initially thought to constitute a DED (death effector) domain. However, 3D-structure data reveal a previously uncharacterized fold that is different from the predicted fold of a DED (death effector) domain. It consists of a large, hydrophobic central cavity that is poised for cofactor binding (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated in a BTRC-depdent manner; leading to degradation mediated through the proteasome pathway.
messages: When infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), TIPE2-deficient mice exhibit significantly enhanced CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell immune responses compared with WT mice (PubMed:18455983). TIPE2-deficient NK-cells exhibit enhanced activation, cytotoxicity, and IFN-gamma production upon stimulation and enhanced response to IL-15 for maturation (PubMed:34524845).

10090:Dcps
gene id: 10090:Dcps
uniprot id: Q9DAR7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HIT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Decapping scavenger enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of a residual cap structure following the degradation of mRNAs by the 3'->5' exosome-mediated mRNA decay pathway. Hydrolyzes cap analog structures like 7-methylguanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m7GpppG) with up to 10 nucleotide substrates (small capped oligoribonucleotides) and specifically releases 5'-phosphorylated RNA fragments and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m7GMP). Cleaves cap analog structures like tri-methyl guanosine nucleoside triphosphate (m3(2,2,7)GpppG) with very poor efficiency. Does not hydrolyze unmethylated cap analog (GpppG) and shows no decapping activity on intact m7GpppG-capped mRNA molecules longer than 25 nucleotides. Does not hydrolyze 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) to m7GMP. May also play a role in the 5'->3 mRNA decay pathway; m7GDP, the downstream product released by the 5'->3' mRNA mediated decapping activity, may be also converted by DCPS to m7GMP. Binds to m7GpppG and strongly to m7GDP. Plays a role in first intron splicing of pre-mRNAs. Inhibits activation-induced cell death.
messages: Homodimer. Associates with components of the exosome multienzyme ribonuclease complex, such as EXOSC3 and EXOSC4. Interacts with NDOR1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal histidine triad (HIT) motif and the N-terminal domain are required for the decapping activity. The N-terminus is necessary but not sufficient for binding cap structures.
messages: The hydrolytic product 7-methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) efficiently inhibits the decapping scavenger activity and acts as a competitive inhibitor in vitro. Inhibited by 2,4-diaminoquinazoline.

10090:Cdk6
gene id: 10090:Cdk6
uniprot id: Q0VBK8
uniprot id: Q64261
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Thr-177 phosphorylation and Tyr-24 dephosphorylation (By similarity). Rapidly down-regulated prior to cell differentiation (e.g. erythroid and osteoblast) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles whose neural precursor cells (NPC) give rise to dentate granule neurons and olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons, respectively. Expressed in the neuroepithelium of the cerebral cortex of the developing brain.
messages: Interaction with D-type G1 cyclins. Cyclin binding promotes enzyme activation by phosphorylation at Thr-177 (By similarity). Binds to RUNX1, CDKN2D, FBXO7 and CDKN2C/p18-INK4c. Forms a cytoplasmic complex with Hsp90/HSP90AB1 and CDC37. FBXO7-binding promotes D-type cyclin binding (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the control of the cell cycle and differentiation; promotes G1/S transition. Phosphorylates pRB/RB1 and NPM1. Interacts with D-type G1 cyclins during interphase at G1 to form a pRB/RB1 kinase and controls the entrance into the cell cycle. Involved in initiation and maintenance of cell cycle exit during cell differentiation; prevents cell proliferation and regulates negatively cell differentiation, but is required for the proliferation of specific cell types (e.g. erythroid and hematopoietic cells). Essential for cell proliferation within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Required during thymocyte development. Promotes the production of newborn neurons, probably by modulating G1 length. Promotes, at least in astrocytes, changes in patterns of gene expression, changes in the actin cytoskeleton including loss of stress fibers, and enhanced motility during cell differentiation. Prevents myeloid differentiation by interfering with RUNX1 and reducing its transcription transactivation activity, but promotes proliferation of normal myeloid progenitors. Delays senescence. Promotes the proliferation of beta-cells in pancreatic islets of Langerhans (By similarity). May play a role in the centrosome organization during the cell cycle phases.
messages: Slight anemia and defective proliferation of some hematopoietic cells, thymocytes and progenitor cells. Females are reduced in size and often sterile. Prevents the expansion of neuronally committed precursors by prematurely exiting the cell cycle and lengthening G1 phase duration, reducing concomitantly the production of newborn neurons.
messages: Thr-177 phosphorylation and Tyr-24 dephosphorylation promotes kinase activity.
messages: centrosome
messages: ruffle

10090:Ttll4
gene id: 10090:Ttll4
uniprot id: Q80UG8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arg-722 is the main determinant for regioselectivity, which segregates between initiases and elongases in all tubulin--tyrosine ligase family. A glutamine residue at this position is found in elongases TTLL6, TTLL9, TTLL11, TTLL13, TTLL10 and favors glutamate-chain elongation, whereas an arginine residue is found in initiases TTLL2, TTLL4, TTLL5, TTLL3, TTLL8 and favors initiation.
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis (PubMed:17499049). Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and spleen (PubMed:17499049). In the brain, expressed in ependymal cilia, the cortex and the striatum (PubMed:23897886). Expressed in blastomere (PubMed:29593216).
messages: Knockout mice show hypoglutamylation of KLF4 resulting in KLF4 proteasome-mediated degradation in early-stage embryos and impaired early embryonic development.
messages: Monoglutamylase which modifies both tubulin and non-tubulin proteins, adding a single glutamate on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues of target proteins (PubMed:17499049, PubMed:21074048, PubMed:20530212, PubMed:26829768). Involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction but not in the elongation step (PubMed:17499049, PubMed:21074048). Preferentially modifies beta-tail tubulin over the alpha-tubulin (PubMed:17499049). Monoglutamylates nucleosome assembly proteins NAP1L1 and NAP1L4 (PubMed:17499049). Monoglutamylates nucleotidyltransferase CGAS, leading to inhibition of CGAS catalytic activity, thereby preventing antiviral defense function (PubMed:26829768). Involved in KLF4 glutamylation which impedes its ubiquitination, thereby leading to somatic cell reprogramming, pluripotency maintenance and embryogenesis (PubMed:29593216).
messages: The flexible c-MTBD (cationic microtubule binding domain) region mediates binding to microtubules. It is positively charged and becomes ordered when bound to microtubules: it interacts with a negatively charged patch on tubulin. The presence of positive charges in the c-MTBD region is essential for proper binding.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Psmc3ip
gene id: 10090:Psmc3ip
uniprot id: C4PFH5
uniprot id: O35047
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HOP2 family.
messages: Highly expressed in testis and more specifically in spermatocytes. Detected in spleen, ovary and thymus.
messages: Infertility. Males exhibit testicular hypoplasia with lack of spermatozoa. Spermatocytes arrest at the stage of pachytene-like chromosome condensation and spermatogenesis is blocked at prophase of meiosis I. Axial elements are fully developed, but synapsis is limited. While meiotic double-stranded breaks are formed and processed, they fail to be repaired.
messages: Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the nuclear receptors NR3C1/GR, ESR2/ER-beta, THRB and RXRA (By similarity). Forms a stable heterodimer with MND1. Interacts with PSMC3/TBP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Overexpressed at day 11 in the embryo.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA, PKC and MAPK.
messages: Plays an important role in meiotic recombination. Stimulates DMC1-mediated strand exchange required for pairing homologous chromosomes during meiosis. The complex PSMC3IP/MND1 binds DNA, stimulates the recombinase activity of DMC1 as well as DMC1 D-loop formation from double-strand DNA. This complex stabilizes presynaptic RAD51 and DMC1 filaments formed on single strand DNA to capture double-strand DNA. This complex stimulates both synaptic and presynaptic critical steps in RAD51 and DMC1-promoted homologous pairing. May inhibit HIV-1 viral protein TAT activity and modulate the activity of proteasomes through association with PSMC3.

10090:Tmem8b
gene id: 10090:Tmem8b
uniprot id: B1AWJ5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM8 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May function as a regulator of the EGFR pathway. Probable tumor suppressor which may function in cell growth, proliferation and adhesion (By similarity).
messages: May interact with EZR.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gins1
gene id: 10090:Gins1
uniprot id: Q8K1A2
uniprot id: Q9CZ15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GINS1/PSF1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the GINS complex which is a heterotetramer of GINS1, GINS2, GINS3 and GINS4. Forms a stable subcomplex with GINS4. GINS complex interacts with DNA primase in vitro. Component of the CMG helicase complex, a hexameric ring of related MCM2-7 subunits stabilized by CDC45 and the tetrameric GINS complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for correct functioning of the GINS complex, a complex that plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication, and progression of DNA replication forks. GINS complex is a core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built.

10090:Zfy2
gene id: 10090:Zfy2
uniprot id: P20662
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZFX/ZFY subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional activator. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGGCCY-3' (By similarity).
messages: The binding of ZFY to DNA is mediated by the interaction of the GGCC core base pairs with zinc fingers 12 and 13.

10090:Nwd1
gene id: 10090:Nwd1
uniprot id: A6H603
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: May interact with HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1 and BAG2.
messages: May play a role in the control of androgen receptor (AR) protein steady-state levels.
messages: cytosol

10090:Gnl1
gene id: 10090:Gnl1
uniprot id: P36916
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family.
messages: In contrast to other GTP-binding proteins, this family is characterized by a circular permutation of the GTPase motifs described by a G4-G1-G3 pattern.
messages: Possible regulatory or functional link with the histocompatibility cluster.

10090:Rhox4e
gene id: 10090:Rhox4e
uniprot id: Q504P9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Polr3h
gene id: 10090:Polr3h
uniprot id: Q9D2C6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. Interacts with RPC9 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNA. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm21650
gene id: 10090:Gm21650
uniprot id: J3QNI1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Mzb1
gene id: 10090:Mzb1
uniprot id: Q9D8I1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a hormone-regulated adipokine/pro-inflammatory cytokine that is implicated in causing chronic inflammation, affecting cellular expansion and blunting insulin response in adipocytes. May have a role in the onset of insulin resistance.
messages: Associates with immunoglobulin M (IgM) heavy and light chains and promotes IgM assembly and secretion. May exert its effect by acting as a molecular chaperone or as an oxidoreductase as it displays a low level of oxidoreductase activity. Helps to diversify peripheral B-cell functions by regulating Ca(2+) stores, antibody secretion and integrin activation.
messages: Belongs to the MZB1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed predominantly in the spleen and lymph nodes. Abundantly expressed in marginal zone B and B1 cells. High expression in mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT). Expressed also in pancreas, perigonadal adipose tissue (PAT), uterus, subcutaneous adipose tissue, heart, muscle, ovary and liver. Very low expression is detected in brown adipose tissue. In PAT, significantly higher expression in stromal-vascular cell than in adipocytes. Expressed in macrophage RAW 264.7 cell line. Down-regulated in For-knockout female MAT at 5 months (obese state) followed by steep up-regulation at 9 months (prediabetic condition) when mutants progress towards the metabolic syndrome.
messages: Forms an interchain disulfide bond with IgM monomers.
messages: Part of the ER chaperone complex, a multi-protein complex in the endoplasmic reticulum containing a large number of molecular chaperones which associates with unassembled incompletely folded immunoglobulin heavy chains. Interacts with HSP90B1 and PDIA3 in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated during plasma cell differentiation.

10090:Pou1f1
gene id: 10090:Pou1f1
uniprot id: Q00286
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-1 subfamily.
messages: Defects in Pou1f1 are the cause of the dwarf (dw) phenotype which interrupts the normal development of the anterior pituitary gland, resulting in the loss of expression of growth hormone, prolactin and thyroid-stimulating hormone, and hypoplasia of their respective cell types.
messages: Interacts with PITX1. Interacts with LHX3. Interacts with ELK1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Transcription factor involved in the specification of the lactotrope, somatotrope, and thyrotrope phenotypes in the developing anterior pituitary. Activates growth hormone and prolactin genes. Specifically binds to the consensus sequence 5'-TAAAT-3'.
messages: Unable to transactivate. Only about 1/7 as abundant as isoform 1.

10090:Ric8b
gene id: 10090:Ric8b
uniprot id: Q80XE1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synembryn family.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which can activate some, but not all, G-alpha proteins by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP (By similarity). Able to potentiate G(olf)-alpha-dependent cAMP accumulation suggesting that it may be an important component for odorant signal transduction.
messages: Interacts with GDP-bound G alpha proteins GNAI1, GNAL, GNAS and GNAQ. Does not interact with G-alpha proteins when they are in complex with subunits beta and gamma.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the mature olfactory sensory neurons and also in a few regions in the brain.
messages: cell cortex

10090:Vmn2r42
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r42
uniprot id: D3Z1K8
uniprot id: O35192
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem9b
gene id: 10090:Tmem9b
uniprot id: Q9JJR8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM9 family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Enhances production of pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by TNF, IL1B, and TLR ligands. Has a role in TNF activation of both the NF-kappaB and MAPK pathways.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Or51f1e
gene id: 10090:Or51f1e
uniprot id: E9PXW4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Med27
gene id: 10090:Med27
uniprot id: E0CZG8
uniprot id: Q9DB40
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 27 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ggn
gene id: 10090:Ggn
uniprot id: Q80WJ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 3 interact with FANCL. Isoform 1 interacts with GGNBP1, ZNF403/GGNBP2 and OAZ3. Isoform 2 interacts with GGNBP1.
messages: Isoform 2 is detected at high level in adult testis and at lower level in 19-day testis. Not detected in 14-day testis (at protein level). In the developing postnatal gonad, it is not expressed in 6-day-old testes in which the germ cells are almost exclusively spermatogonia or 14-day testis in which the most advanced germ cells are early pachytene spermatocytes. However, it is expressed in 21-day testis tubules containing late pachytene spermatocytes or spermatids. In the postnatal male testis, it is strictly confined to late pachytene spermatocytes through spermatids, a time during which meiosis takes place.
messages: May be involved in spermatogenesis.
messages: Testis-specific. Specifically expressed in the germ cells and not in the somatic, Sertoli, or Leydig cells. In adult testis, expression starts in stage VIII pachytene spermatocytes, increases in stage IX and X pachytene spermatocytes, and culminates in stage XI diplotene spermatocytes and the meiotic cells in stage XII. Expression decreases slightly in step 1-3 spermatids, further decreases in step 4-11 spermatids, and is no longer detectable in step 12 spermatids and beyond. Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in testis.
messages: nucleolus
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Necap1
gene id: 10090:Necap1
uniprot id: Q0VB06
uniprot id: Q9CR95
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NECAP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain and spinal cord at 14.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Expressed primarily in brain (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with AP1G1 and AP2A1 components of the adapter protein complexes AP-1 and AP-2. Interacts with the GAE domain proteins GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3.
messages: Involved in endocytosis.
messages: The WXXF motifs mediate binding of accessory proteins to the ear-domain of AP-1, GGAs and AP-2 through hydrophobic interactions. Selective binding to the GAE domains of AP-1 or to the alpha-ear domain of AP-2 is tuned by the acidic context surrounding the motif and the properties of the second residue of the motif itself. The WXXF motif 1, which is preceded by an acidic residue and has a glycine in second position mediates specific interaction with AP-1. The WXXF motif 2, which is followed by the C-terminal carboxyl group negative charge, allows specific interaction with AP-2.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Prrt4
gene id: 10090:Prrt4
uniprot id: B2RU40
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp518a
gene id: 10090:Zfp518a
uniprot id: B2RRF6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Through its association with the EHMT1-EHMT2/G9A and PRC2/EED-EZH2 histone methyltransferase complexes may function in gene silencing, regulating repressive post-translational methylation of histone tails at promoters of target genes.

10090:Or5al1
gene id: 10090:Or5al1
uniprot id: Q7TR81
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cybb
gene id: 10090:Cybb
uniprot id: Q3U6G0
uniprot id: Q61093
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Composed of a heavy chain (beta) and a light chain (alpha). Component of an NADPH oxidase complex composed of a heterodimer formed by the membrane proteins CYBA and CYBB and the cytosolic subunits NCF1, NCF2 and NCF4. Interacts with NCF1. Interacts with calprotectin (S100A8/9) (By similarity). Interacts with NRROS; the interaction is direct and impairs formation of a stable NADPH oxidase complex (PubMed:24739962). Interacts with CYBC1; CYBC1 may act as a chaperone stabilizing Cytochrome b-245 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with NCF2; the interaction is enhanced in the presence of GBP7 (PubMed:21551061). The CYBA-CYBB complex interacts with GBP7 (PubMed:21551061).
messages: Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutants have a very sever defect in controlling bacterial replication.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser and Thr residues.
messages: Undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination, likely by RNF145, triggering endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.

10090:Zfp513
gene id: 10090:Zfp513
uniprot id: Q6PD29
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Binds DNA. Can associate with the proximal promoter regions of PAX6 and SP4, and their known targets including ARR3, RHO, OPN1MW2 and OPN1SW.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that plays a role in retinal development and maintenance.
messages: Widely expressed. In the eye, expression is greatest in the retina and least in the lens and cornea.

10090:Prr15l
gene id: 10090:Prr15l
uniprot id: Q8JZM2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRR15 family.

10090:Cxcl3
gene id: 10090:Cxcl3
uniprot id: Q6W5C0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By lipopolysaccharide.
messages: Ligand for CXCR2. Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exert its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion.
messages: Secreted

10090:Foxr1
gene id: 10090:Foxr1
uniprot id: Q3UTB7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in adult germ cells (at protein level) (PubMed:25609838). Expressed in heart, liver, lung and embryonic brain (PubMed:34723967).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Reduced survival with the majority of mutants dying during embryonic development and only 23.5% of mutants living to postnatal day 21 (PubMed:34723967). Surviving newborns are smaller and lighter than their wild-type littermates (PubMed:34723967). Newborn brains display decreased cortical thickness and enlarged ventricles (PubMed:34723967).
messages: Transcription factor which acts as both an activator and a repressor (By similarity). Activates transcription of a number of genes including the heat shock chaperones HSPA1A and HSPA6 and the antioxidant NADPH-dependent reductase DHRS2 which are involved in protection against oxidative stress (By similarity). Required for normal brain development (PubMed:34723967).
messages: Weakly expressed in embryonic gonads.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Sars
gene id: 10090:Sars
uniprot id: P26638
uniprot id: Q8C483
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type-1 seryl-tRNA synthetase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of serine to tRNA(Ser) in a two-step reaction: serine is first activated by ATP to form Ser-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ser). Is probably also able to aminoacylate tRNA(Sec) with serine, to form the misacylated tRNA L-seryl-tRNA(Sec), which will be further converted into selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec). In the nucleus, binds to the VEGFA core promoter and prevents MYC binding and transcriptional activation by MYC. Recruits SIRT2 to the VEGFA promoter, promoting deacetylation of histone H4 at 'Lys-16' (H4K16). Thereby, inhibits the production of VEGFA and sprouting angiogenesis mediated by VEGFA.
messages: Consists of two distinct domains, a catalytic core and a N-terminal extension that is involved in tRNA binding.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. The tRNA molecule may bind across the dimer. Interacts with SIRT2. Interacts with METTL6; interaction is required for the tRNA N(3)-methylcytidine methyltransferase activity of METTL6.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fbln5
gene id: 10090:Fbln5
uniprot id: Q9WVH9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Essential for elastic fiber formation, is involved in the assembly of continuous elastin (ELN) polymer and promotes the interaction of microfibrils and ELN (By similarity). Stabilizes and organizes elastic fibers in the skin, lung and vasculature. Promotes adhesion of endothelial cells through interaction of integrins and the RGD motif. Vascular ligand for integrin receptors which may play a role in vascular development and remodeling (PubMed:11805835). May act as an adapter that mediates the interaction between FBN1 and ELN (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Monomer, homodimerizes in presence of Ca(2+). Interacts with ELN (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with the integrins ITGAV/ITGB3, ITGAV/ITGB5 and ITGA9/ITGB1 (PubMed:11805835). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain). Forms a ternary complex with ELN and FBN1 (By similarity). Interacts with EFEMP2 with moderate affinity (By similarity).
messages: Mice survive to adulthood, but have a tortuous aorta with loss of compliance, severe emphisema and loose skin. They exhibit a severely disorganized elastic fiber system throughout the body.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Best3
gene id: 10090:Best3
uniprot id: Q6H1V1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the anion channel-forming bestrophin (TC 1.A.46) family. Calcium-sensitive chloride channel subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms calcium-sensitive chloride channels. Permeable to bicarbonate (By similarity).

10090:Prdm12
gene id: 10090:Prdm12
uniprot id: A2AJ77
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Expression starts around 9.0 dpc in the neural folds, which give rise to neural crest cells. Neural crest cells develop into various tissues, including the sensory ganglia that contain nociceptor cell bodies. Prominently expressed in sensory spinal ganglia (dorsal root ganglia) but not in sympathetic ganglia during the time when sensory neurons emerge (10.5 dpc-13.5 dpc), mature and differentiate (14.5 dpc-postnatal day 14).
messages: Involved in the positive regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Svbp
gene id: 10090:Svbp
uniprot id: A2A7P9
uniprot id: Q99LQ4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SVBP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Enhances the tyrosine carboxypeptidase activity of VASH1 and VASH2, thereby promoting the removal of the C-terminal tyrosine residue of alpha-tubulin (PubMed:29146868, PubMed:31363758, PubMed:35482892). Also required to enhance the solubility and secretion of VASH1 and VASH2 (By similarity). Plays a role in axon and excitatory synapse formation (PubMed:31235911).
messages: Highly expressed in bone marrow, spleen and testis.
messages: Interacts with VASH1 and VASH2.
messages: Mice display a significant reduction in whole brain volume, with a particular decrease in white matter (PubMed:31363758). Neurons show decreased, but not abolished, tubulin detyrosination, leading to an accumulation of tyrosinated tubulin. This causes delayed axonal differentiation and morphologically disturbed dendritic branching (PubMed:31363758). Mice show behavioral abnormalities, including increased activity and reduced social investigation (PubMed:31363758). Mice lacking both Matcap and Svbp are viable but show a reduction in brain volume: microcephaly is associated with proliferative defects during neurogenesis and abnormal behavior (PubMed:35482892). Cells lacking both Matcap and Svbp show abolished tubulin detyrosination (PubMed:35482892).
messages: Secreted
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tyro3
gene id: 10090:Tyro3
uniprot id: P55144
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in the brain and lower levels in other tissues.
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. AXL/UFO subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts (via N-terminus) with extracellular ligands TULP1 and GAS6. Interacts with PIK3R1; this interaction increases PI3-kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of TYRO3 on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with PIK3R1 and thereby enhances PI3-kinase activity. Activates the AKT survival pathway, including nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B and up-regulation of transcription of NF-kappa-B-regulated genes. TYRO3 signaling plays a role in various processes such as neuron protection from excitotoxic injury, platelet aggregation and cytoskeleton reorganization. Also plays an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response by activating STAT1, which selectively induces production of suppressors of cytokine signaling SOCS1 and SOCS3.
messages: knockout mice are fertile, but male animals that lack all three receptors TYRO3, AXL and MERTK produce no mature sperm.

10090:1700067K01Rik
gene id: 10090:1700067K01Rik
uniprot id: Q8CF25
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0575 family.

10090:Golga3
gene id: 10090:Golga3
uniprot id: P55937
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cleaved by caspases in apoptotic cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Extended rod-like protein with coiled-coil domains.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Transcripts can be found in spermatids during spermatogenesis. No expression in Leydig cells, spermatogonia or spermatocytes. Detected at low levels in all tissues.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with GOLGA7. Interacts with GOPC (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in spermatogenesis and/or testis development. Probably identical with the serologically detectable male antigen (SDM). Probably involved in maintaining Golgi structure.

10090:Rnase6
gene id: 10090:Rnase6
uniprot id: Q3V3L3
uniprot id: Q9D244
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Highly expressed in spleen (at protein level) (PubMed:15693621, PubMed:25075772). Has little or no expression in healthy kidneys (at protein level) (PubMed:25075772). Detected at high levels in infected kidneys (at protein level) (PubMed:25075772). Expressed at low levels in bladder (PubMed:15693621, PubMed:25075772). Also detected in skeletal muscle, heart and bone marrow (PubMed:15693621).
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Ribonuclease which shows a preference for the pyrimidines uridine and cytosine (PubMed:15693621). Has potent antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including P.aeruginosa, A.baumanii, M.luteus, S.aureus, E.faecalis, E.faecium, S.saprophyticus and E.coli (PubMed:15693621, PubMed:25075772). Causes loss of bacterial membrane integrity, and also promotes agglutination of Gram-negative bacteria (By similarity). Probably contributes to urinary tract sterility (PubMed:25075772). Bactericidal activity is independent of RNase activity (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in bone marrow derived macrophages in response to the uropathogenic E.coli strain CFT073.

10090:Cbr1
gene id: 10090:Cbr1
uniprot id: B2RXY7
uniprot id: P48758
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal.
messages: Monomer.
messages: NADPH-dependent reductase with broad substrate specificity. Catalyzes the reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds including quinones, prostaglandins, menadione, plus various xenobiotics. Catalyzes the reduction of the antitumor anthracyclines doxorubicin and daunorubicin to the cardiotoxic compounds doxorubicinol and daunorubicinol (By similarity). Can convert prostaglandin E to prostaglandin F2-alpha (By similarity). Can bind glutathione, which explains its higher affinity for glutathione-conjugated substrates. Catalyzes the reduction of S-nitrosoglutathione. In addition, participates in the glucocorticoid metabolism by catalyzing the NADPH-dependent cortisol/corticosterone into 20beta-dihydrocortisol (20b-DHF) or 20beta-corticosterone (20b-DHB), which are weak agonists of NR3C1 and NR3C2 in adipose tissue (PubMed:28878267, PubMed:33785425).

10090:Cttnbp2
gene id: 10090:Cttnbp2
uniprot id: B9EJA2
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Erroneous CDS prediction and frameshift.
messages: Interacts with CTTN/cortactin SH3 domain. Interacts with STRN, STRN4/zinedin and MOB4/phocein; this interaction may regulate dendritic spine distribution of STRN and STRN4 in hippocampal neurons (By similarity). Activation of glutamate receptors weakens the interaction with STRN and STRN4 (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in brain (at protein level). In the brain, expressed at high levels in hypothalamus and striatum and at lower levels in cerebellum and cortex.
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Regulates the dendritic spine distribution of CTTN/cortactin in hippocampal neurons, and thus controls dendritic spinogenesis and dendritic spine maintenance.
messages: cell cortex
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Eva1a
gene id: 10090:Eva1a
uniprot id: Q91WM6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a regulator of programmed cell death, mediating both autophagy and apoptosis.
messages: Belongs to the EVA1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Bfsp1
gene id: 10090:Bfsp1
uniprot id: A2AMT1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Ala-35 following proteolytic cleavage at Leu-34.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Complete loss of beaded filament structures in lens epithelial cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in eye lens fiber cells (at protein level) (PubMed:14985306, PubMed:19029034, PubMed:21745462). Expressed in retinal lens epithelial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:27559293).
messages: First expressed in retinal lens fiber cells during elongation and differentiation, becoming localized to the cytoplasm as fiber cells mature and the beaded filament network forms at 3 weeks of age.
messages: Myristoylated at Gly-432 following proteolytic cleavage at Asp-431.
messages: Part of a complex required for lens intermediate filament formation composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity). Identified in a complex that contains VIM, EZR, AHNAK, BFSP1, BFSP2, ANK2, PLEC, PRX and spectrin (PubMed:21745462). Found in a complex composed of PPL (via C-terminal linker domain), BFSP1 and BFSP2 in the retinal lens (PubMed:19029034). Within the complex interacts with BFSP2 (PubMed:19029034). Interacts (via C-terminus) with MIP (via C-terminus) in aged lens fiber cells (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved during lens cell fiber differentiation with increased fragmentation as fiber cell age increases.
messages: Required for the correct formation of lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (PubMed:27559293). Involved in altering the calcium regulation of MIP water permeability (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Clcn5
gene id: 10090:Clcn5
uniprot id: Q3UL16
uniprot id: Q8C6W8
uniprot id: Q9WVD4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. ClC-5/CLCN5 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with NEDD4 and NEDD4L.
messages: Kidney specific.
messages: Membrane
messages: Proton-coupled chloride transporter. Functions as antiport system and exchanges chloride ions against protons. Important for normal acidification of the endosome lumen. May play an important role in renal tubular function (By similarity). The CLC channel family contains both chloride channels and proton-coupled anion transporters that exchange chloride or another anion for protons. The absence of conserved gating glutamate residues is typical for family members that function as channels (Probable).
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4L in the presence of albumin; which promotes endocytosis and proteasomal degradation.

10090:Rbm46
gene id: 10090:Rbm46
uniprot id: P86049
uniprot id: S4R1Y9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for male and female fertility, playing a crucial role in regulating germ cell development by ensuring the proper progression of meiosis prophase I (PubMed:36129965, PubMed:36001654, PubMed:36726756). Regulates mitotic-to-meiotic transition in spermatogenesis by forming a complex with MEIOC and YTHDC2 which recognizes and down-regulates mitotic transcripts for a successful meiotic entry (PubMed:36129965). Required for normal synaptonemal complex formation during meiosis, binding meiotic cohesin subunit mRNAs containing GCCUAU/GUUCGA motifs in their 3'UTRs regions and positively regulating their translation (PubMed:36726756). Required for spermatogonial differentiation in both developing and adult testis (PubMed:36129965).
messages: Expressed in the testis and ovary (at protein level) (PubMed:36129965, PubMed:36001654, PubMed:36726756). Expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes in testis (at protein level) (PubMed:36129965, PubMed:36001654).
messages: Interacts with YTHDC2, MEIOC, MOV10, CNOT6L, DDX4, UPF1 and PABPC1.
messages: Male and female mice are infertile and show meiotic arrest in spermatocytes and oocytes (PubMed:36129965, PubMed:36001654, PubMed:36726756). Severely impaired spermatogenesis with a complete absence of postmeiotic germ cells and a marked decrease of spermatocytes in meiotic prophase I seen in adult testis (PubMed:36001654). Spermatogonial differentiation is impaired in developing testis (PubMed:36129965). RBM46-target cohesin subunits display unaltered mRNA levels but have reduced translation, resulting in the failed assembly of axial elements, synapsis disruption, and meiotic arrest (PubMed:36726756).

10090:Or1d2
gene id: 10090:Or1d2
uniprot id: Q7TRW7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcdhgc5
gene id: 10090:Pcdhgc5
uniprot id: Q91XW9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Fbxw15
gene id: 10090:Fbxw15
uniprot id: L7N1X6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 18 dpc, and then decreases thereafter to a very low level at the day of birth. Detected again at 48 hours postpartum, and then increases at 96 hours until 6 days after birth.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of an SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Interacts with KAT7 and SKP1.
messages: Specifically expressed in oocytes from follicles of the medullary region of the ovary.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of an SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Promotes KAT7 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation in collaboration with MAP2K1 kinase, leading to reduced histone H3K14 acetylation and increased cell proliferation.
messages: Up-regulated in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
messages: cytosol

10090:Zfp408
gene id: 10090:Zfp408
uniprot id: H7BX78
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sult1e1
gene id: 10090:Sult1e1
uniprot id: Q9D566
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Syne1
gene id: 10090:Syne1
uniprot id: A0A1L1STC6
uniprot id: Q0VGB8
uniprot id: Q6PI72
uniprot id: Q6ZWR6
uniprot id: Q7TQH5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nesprin family.
messages: Core component of LINC complexes which are composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, differentially expression of LINC complex constituents can give rise to specific assemblies. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. The SUN2:SYNE1/KASH1 LINC complex is a heterohexamer; the homotrimeric cloverleave-like conformation of the SUN domain is a prerequisite for LINC complex formation in which three separate SYNE1/KASH1 peptides bind at the interface of adjacent SUN domains. Self-associates. Interacts with SYNE3. Interacts with SUN3; proposed to form a spermatogenesis-specific LINC complex with SUN3 during sperm head formation. May interact with MUSK. Interacts with SPAG4/SUN4. Interacts with EMD and LMNA in vitro. Interacts with F-actin via its N-terminal domain. Interacts with DCTN1 and DYNC1I1/2; suggesting the association with the dynein-dynactin motor complex. Interacts (via KASH domain) with TMEM258 (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in C2F3 and CH310T1/2 cells, brain and skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Multi-isomeric modular protein which forms a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain the subcellular spatial organization. As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. May be involved in nucleus-centrosome attachment. During interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) at G2 phase and nuclear migration in neural progenitors its LINC complex association with SUN1/2 and probably association with cytoplasmic dynein-dynactin motor complexes functions to pull the nucleus toward the centrosome; SYNE1 and SYNE2 seem to act redundantly in cerebellum, midbrain, brain stem, and other brain regions except cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Required for centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis. May be involved in nuclear remodeling during sperm head formation in spermatogenesis; a probable SUN3:SYNE1/KASH1 LINC complex may tether spermatid nuclei to posterior cytoskeletal structures such as the manchette.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: The KASH domain, which contains a transmembrane domain, mediates the nuclear envelope targeting and is involved in the binding to SUN1 and SUN2 through recognition of their SUN domains.
messages: The disulfid bond with SUN1 or SUN2 is required for stability of the respective LINC complex under tensile forces.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: sarcomere

10090:Serf1
gene id: 10090:Serf1
uniprot id: O88892
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SERF family.
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:31034892). Highly expressed in the testis (PubMed:9731538).
messages: Interacts with SNCA; this interaction promotes the aggregation of SNCA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Positive regulator of amyloid protein aggregation and proteotoxicity (By similarity). Induces conformational changes in amyloid proteins, such as APP, HTT, and SNCA, driving them into compact formations preceding the formation of aggregates (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Kcnj9
gene id: 10090:Kcnj9
uniprot id: P48543
uniprot id: Q544N3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with GIRK1 to form a G-protein-activated heteromultimer pore-forming unit. The resulting inward current is much larger. When alone, fail to give functional channels in Xenopus oocytes. Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required when endocytosed to prevent degradation in lysosomes and promote recycling to the plasma membrane.
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ9 subfamily.
messages: Expressed mainly in the brain, some expression in the skeletal muscle.
messages: Membrane
messages: The PDZ-binding motif specifically binds the PDZ domain of SNX27: the specificity for SNX27 is provided by the 2 residues located upstream (Glu-388 and Ser-389) of the PDZ-binding motif.
messages: This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium.

10090:Fndc3b
gene id: 10090:Fndc3b
uniprot id: Q6NWW9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FNDC3 family.
messages: May be positive regulator of adipogenesis.
messages: Membrane

10090:Or2w6
gene id: 10090:Or2w6
uniprot id: Q8VFH0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Orai1
gene id: 10090:Orai1
uniprot id: A3KCG1
uniprot id: Q8BWG9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to a report, ORAI1 has been shown to colocalize with UBQLN1 in the autophagosome as a target for autophagic degradation; ORAI1 is however not an autophagosomal protein.
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the Orai family.
messages: Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit which mediates Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores and channel activation by the Ca(2+) sensor, STIM1. CRAC channels are the main pathway for Ca(2+) influx in T-cells and promote the immune response to pathogens by activating the transcription factor NFAT (By similarity). Plays a prominent role in Ca(2+) influx at the basolateral membrane of mammary epithelial cells independently of the Ca(2+) content of endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi stores. May mediate transepithelial transport of large quantities of Ca(2+) for milk secretion (PubMed:23840669) (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cys-197 is oxidated, leading to inactivation of channel activity.
messages: Expressed in lactating mammary epithelium (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with STIM1 and STIM2; this regulates channel activity. Interacts with CALM; this may displace STIM1 and STIM2 and might thereby modulate channel activity. Interacts with CRACR2A/EFCAB4B; the interaction is direct and takes place in absence of Ca(2+). Forms a complex with CRACR2A/EFCAB4B and STIM1 at low concentration of Ca(2+), the complex dissociates at elevated Ca(2+) concentrations. Interacts with SLC35G1. Interacts with UBQLN1. Interacts with ADCY8; interaction is calcium store depletion independent; interaction occurs in membrane raft; interaction increases markedly after store depletion; positively regulates SOCE-induced adenylate cyclase activity; contributes to the targeting of ADCY8 to discrete regions of the plasma membrane that are shielded from other calcium events (By similarity). Interacts with EFHB; the interaction takes place upon Ca(2+)-store depletion (By similarity). Interacts (via N- and C-termini) with ATP2C2 (via N-terminus); this interaction regulates Ca(2+) influx at the plasma membrane. Interacts with TSPAN18; this interaction regulates ORAI1 exit from the endoplasmic (ER), and/or Golgi, and trafficking to the cell surface (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. N-glycosylation inhibits channel activity.
messages: Oxidation at Cys-197 leads to inactivation of channel activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated.

10090:Zfp574
gene id: 10090:Zfp574
uniprot id: Q8BY46
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fmo9
gene id: 10090:Fmo9
uniprot id: Q14DT3
uniprot id: Q8C116
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FMO family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Akap1
gene id: 10090:Akap1
uniprot id: O08715
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Differentially targeted protein that binds to type I and II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A (PubMed:9065479, PubMed:9182549). Anchors them to the cytoplasmic face of the mitochondrial outer membrane or allows them to reside in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:9065479, PubMed:9182549). Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity (By similarity). Promotes translocation of NDUFS1 into mitochondria to regulate mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) activity (PubMed:32072193). Under diabetic conditions, myocardial AKAP1 expression decreases which blocks the translocation of NDUFS1 from the cytosol to mitochondria (PubMed:32072193). Reduction of NDUFS1 in mitochondria decreases ATP production and increases mitochondrial ROS level, which causes mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis, respectively, thereby leading to cardiac dysfunction (PubMed:32072193).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Highest expression in testis, heart, liver, skeletal muscle, intestine and kidney, followed by brain and lung. No expression in spleen. Isoform 1/D-AKAP1A is expressed predominantly in testis whereas isoform 4/D-AKAP1D is expressed primarily in liver (PubMed:9065479). Expression is decreased in hearts of diabetic mice (at protein level) (PubMed:32072193).
messages: Interacts with SLC8A3 (PubMed:24101730). Interacts with CFAP91. Interacts with CLPB (By similarity). Interacts with NDUFS1 (PubMed:32072193).
messages: Knockout in diabetogenic agent streptozotocin-treated mice results in significant cardiac dysfunction which is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: RII-alpha binding site, predicted to form an amphipathic helix, could participate in protein-protein interactions with a complementary surface on the R-subunit dimer.

10090:Spin2d
gene id: 10090:Spin2d
uniprot id: B1B0R2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Or6x1
gene id: 10090:Or6x1
uniprot id: Q8VFN6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp326
gene id: 10090:Zfp326
uniprot id: A0A0R4J098
uniprot id: O88291
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AKAP95 family.
messages: Component of the DBIRD complex. Interacts with CCAR2; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Core component of the DBIRD complex, a multiprotein complex that acts at the interface between core mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and integrates transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing: the DBIRD complex affects local transcript elongation rates and alternative splicing of a large set of exons embedded in (A + T)-rich DNA regions (By similarity). May also play a role in neuronal differentiation. Able to bind DNA and activate expression in vitro.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in adult tissues. Highly expressed in neuronal tissues such as brain and neural tube.
messages: Upon retinoic acid treatment.
messages: Weakly expressed during 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc, expressed at highest level in 11.5 dpc and gradually decreases thereafter. During the cell cycle, it is weakly expressed in G0 and G1 phases. It increases during G1, S, G2 and M phases.

10090:Crlf3
gene id: 10090:Crlf3
uniprot id: Q9Z2L7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytokine receptor-like factor 3 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in the negative regulation of cell cycle progression.

10090:Henmt1
gene id: 10090:Henmt1
uniprot id: Q8CAE2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. HEN1 family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methyltransferase that adds a 2'-O-methyl group at the 3'-end of piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements. This probably protects the 3'-end of piRNAs from uridylation activity and subsequent degradation. Stabilization of piRNAs is essential for gametogenesis.
messages: Specifically expressed in testis.

10090:Rnf138
gene id: 10090:Rnf138
uniprot id: Q9CQE0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Chromosome
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in DNA damage response by promoting DNA resection and homologous recombination. Recruited to sites of double-strand breaks following DNA damage and specifically promotes double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. Two different, non-exclusive, mechanisms have been proposed. According to a report, regulates the choice of double-strand break repair by favoring homologous recombination over non-homologous end joining (NHEJ): acts by mediating ubiquitination of XRCC5/Ku80, leading to remove the Ku complex from DNA breaks, thereby promoting homologous recombination. According to another report, cooperates with UBE2Ds E2 ubiquitin ligases (UBE2D1, UBE2D2, UBE2D3 or UBE2D4) to promote homologous recombination by mediating ubiquitination of RBBP8/CtIP. Together with NLK, involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of TCF/LEF. Also exhibits auto-ubiquitination activity in combination with UBE2K. May act as a negative regulator in the Wnt/beta-catenin-mediated signaling pathway.
messages: Interacts with NLK. Interacts with XRCC5/Ku80. Interacts with RBBP8/CtIP.
messages: The zinc finger domains (C2H2-type and C2HC-type zinc fingers) bind DNA and mediate recruitment to double-strand break sites. They show strong preference for DNA with 5'- or 3'-single-stranded overhangs, while they do not bind blunt-ended double-stranded DNA or poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers.

10090:Rps16
gene id: 10090:Rps16
uniprot id: A4FUS1
uniprot id: P14131
uniprot id: Q5CZY9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cluap1
gene id: 10090:Cluap1
uniprot id: Q8R3P7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CLUAP1 family.
messages: E9.5 embryos are still viable but die thereafter. Mutant embryos are runted, have exhibit enlarged pericardial sacs, and defects in neural tube development. There is a complete absence of cilia in E9.5 embryos. Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling is severely disrupted with down-regulation of PTCH1 and GLI1.
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested including heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, eye, liver, ovary, oviduct, testes, lung and brain. Elevated levels in multiciliated cells such as the bronchioles of the lungs, ependymal cells of the brain and cells with a single primary cilia of heart and kidney.
messages: Interacts with CLU/clusterin. Interacts with UBXN10; the interaction is direct.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for cilia biogenesis. Appears to function within the multiple intraflagellar transport complex B (IFT-B). Key regulator of hedgehog signaling.
messages: cilium

10090:Esyt2
gene id: 10090:Esyt2
uniprot id: Q3TZZ7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by a transmembrane hairpin structure; both N-terminus and C-terminus are cytoplasmic.
messages: Belongs to the extended synaptotagmin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ESYT1 and ESYT3. Interacts with FGFR1 that has been activated by FGF1 binding. Interacts with the AP-2 complex; identified in a complex with the AP-2 complex and FGFR1 (By similarity).
messages: Tethers the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane and promotes the formation of appositions between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cell membrane. Binds glycerophospholipids in a barrel-like domain and may play a role in cellular lipid transport. Plays a role in FGF signaling via its role in the rapid internalization of FGFR1 that has been activated by FGF1 binding; this occurs most likely via the AP-2 complex (By similarity). Promotes the localization of SACM1L at endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS) (By similarity).
messages: The C2 domains mediate lipid and calcium binding. The N-terminal C2 domain binds calcium ions and is important for calcium-dependent lipid binding and interaction with membranes. Two calcium ions are bound at a high-affinity site and a third calcium ion is bound with lower affinity. May bind up to four calcium ions. In contrast, the second C2 domain apparently does not bind calcium. The third C2 domain mediates interaction with membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and is required for location at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: The SMP-LTD domain is a barrel-like domain that binds glycerophospholipids in its interior; can bind two lipid molecules simultaneously. Binds a variety of lipids, including phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol (By similarity).

10090:Tgm4
gene id: 10090:Tgm4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J071
uniprot id: Q8BZH1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associated with the mammalian reproductive process. Plays an important role in the formation of the seminal coagulum through the cross-linking of specific proteins present in the seminal plasma. Transglutaminase is also required to stabilize the copulatory plug.
messages: Belongs to the transglutaminase superfamily. Transglutaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed in the coagulating gland and in the dorsal part of the prostate. Not expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, pancreas, spleen, stomach, testis and thymus.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hhex
gene id: 10090:Hhex
uniprot id: P43120
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed during hematopoiesis.
messages: Interacts with CD81; the interaction prevents nuclear translocation of HHEX (PubMed:23665349). Interacts (via N-terminus) with SOX13; abolishes the SOX13-mediated inhibition of WNT-mediated transcriptional activity via competitive inhibition of the SOX13-TCF7 complex (PubMed:20028982). Interacts with EIF4E; the interaction inhibits EIF4E-mediated mRNA nuclear export (PubMed:12554669).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recognizes the DNA sequence 5'-ATTAA-3' (PubMed:10804173). Transcriptional repressor (PubMed:10804173). Activator of WNT-mediated transcription in conjunction with CTNNB1 (PubMed:16936074). Establishes anterior identity at two levels; acts early to enhance canonical WNT-signaling by repressing expression of TLE4, and acts later to inhibit NODAL-signaling by directly targeting NODAL (PubMed:16936074). Inhibits EIF4E-mediated mRNA nuclear export (By similarity). May play a role in hematopoietic differentiation (PubMed:8096636).
messages: nuclear body

10090:Ifitm6
gene id: 10090:Ifitm6
uniprot id: Q3SXF0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.

10090:Rps9
gene id: 10090:Rps9
uniprot id: Q6ZWN5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs (By similarity). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: nucleolus

10090:Hace1
gene id: 10090:Hace1
uniprot id: Q3U0D9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in Golgi membrane fusion and regulation of small GTPases. Acts as a regulator of Golgi membrane dynamics during the cell cycle: recruited to Golgi membrane by Rab proteins and regulates postmitotic Golgi membrane fusion. Acts by mediating ubiquitination during mitotic Golgi disassembly, ubiquitination serving as a signal for Golgi reassembly later, after cell division. Specifically interacts with GTP-bound RAC1, mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of active RAC1, thereby playing a role in host defense against pathogens (By similarity). May also act as a transcription regulator via its interaction with RARB.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Interacts with RAB1 (RAB1A, RAB1B or RAB1C), RAB4 (RAB4A or RAB4B) and RAB11 (RAB11A or RAB11B); in a GTP-dependent manner. Interacts with RAC1; in a GTP-dependent manner. Interacts with the 26S proteasomal complex through the 20S core proteasomal subunit (By similarity). Interacts with RARB.
messages: Mice develop spontaneous, late-onset cancer. Moreover, tumor incidence in mice heterozygous for a p53/Tp53 mutation in higher in a Hace1-deficient background.

10090:Atg14
gene id: 10090:Atg14
uniprot id: Q8CDJ3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATG14 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expression is controlled by forkhead box O FoxO1 transcription factor and circadian rhythms.
messages: Forms homooligomers; homo-oligomerization is essential for the roles in membrane tethering and enhancement of SNARE-mediated fusion (By similarity). Component of the PI3K (PI3KC3/PI3K-III/class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) complex I (PI3KC3-C1) in which the core composed of the catalytic subunit PIK3C3, the regulatory subunit PIK3R4 and BECN1 is associated with ATG14 (PubMed:19270693, PubMed:22745922, PubMed:23332761). PI3KC3-C1 displays a V-shaped architecture with PIK3R4 serving as a bridge between PIK3C3 and the ATG14:BECN1 subcomplex (By similarity). PI3KC3-C1 can associate with further regulatory subunits (PubMed:24849286). Interacts with PIK3CB (PubMed:21059846). Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with BECN2 (via coiled-coil domain); this interaction is tighter than BECN2 self-association (By similarity). Interacts with the STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex (By similarity). Interacts with NRBF2 (PubMed:24849286) Interacts with PIK3C3 and BECN1; this interaction is increased in the absence of TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with STEEP1; the interaction is required for trafficking of STING1 from the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
messages: Preautophagosomal structure membrane
messages: Required for both basal and inducible autophagy (PubMed:19270696, PubMed:19270693). Determines the localization of the autophagy-specific PI3-kinase complex PI3KC3-C1 (By similarity). Plays a role in autophagosome formation and MAP1LC3/LC3 conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PubMed:19270696, PubMed:19270693). Promotes BECN1 translocation from the trans-Golgi network to autophagosomes (By similarity). Enhances PIK3C3 activity in a BECN1-dependent manner. Essential for the autophagy-dependent phosphorylation of BECN1 (By similarity). Stimulates the phosphorylation of BECN1, but suppresses the phosphorylation of PIK3C3 by AMPK (PubMed:23332761). Binds to STX17-SNAP29 binary t-SNARE complex on autophagosomes and primes it for VAMP8 interaction to promote autophagosome-endolysosome fusion (By similarity). Modulates the hepatic lipid metabolism (PubMed:22992773).
messages: The N-terminal cysteine repeats are required for proper localization to the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: The coiled-coil domain is required for BECN1- and PIK3C3-binding and for autophagy.
messages: The final 80 residues in the C-terminus define a minimum required region for autophagosome binding called BATS.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: autophagosome membrane

10090:Sdf2l1
gene id: 10090:Sdf2l1
uniprot id: Q9ESP1
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By tunicamycin and a calcium ionophore, A23187.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with high expression in the testis, ovary, uterus, and low expression in heart and skeletal muscle.

10090:Rnf170
gene id: 10090:Rnf170
uniprot id: Q8CBG9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Constitutively associated with the ERLIN1/ERLIN 2 complex. Interacts with activated ITPR1.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays an essential role in stimulus-induced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1) ubiquitination and degradation via the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Also involved in ITPR1 turnover in resting cells.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-30 is the initiator. Initiation at Met-30 is supported by sequence similarity with mammalian orthologs and by a Kozak context more favorable compared to that at Met-1.

10090:Best1
gene id: 10090:Best1
uniprot id: O88870
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the anion channel-forming bestrophin (TC 1.A.46) family. Calcium-sensitive chloride channel subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms calcium-sensitive chloride channels. Permeable to bicarbonate (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by PP2A.
messages: Tetramer or pentamers. May interact with PPP2CB and PPP2R1B (By similarity).

10090:Topors
gene id: 10090:Topors
uniprot id: Q80Z37
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By genotoxic agents such as cisplatin and camptothecin.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Functions as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and as a E3 SUMO1-protein ligase. Probable tumor suppressor involved in cell growth, cell proliferation and apoptosis that regulates p53/TP53 stability through ubiquitin-dependent degradation. May regulate chromatin modification through sumoylation of several chromatin modification-associated proteins. May be involved in DNA-damage-induced cell death through IKBKE sumoylation.
messages: Interacts with TOP1. Interacts with the SUMO1 conjugating enzyme UBE2I. Interacts with SUMO1. Interacts with NKX3-1; polyubiquitinates NKX3-1 and induces its proteasomal degradation. Interacts with SIN3A; sumoylates SIN3A. Interacts with IKBKE; induced by DNA damage (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53. Interacts with PARK7/DJ-1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-99 regulates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity but not the SUMO1-protein ligase activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-718 increases the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity versus the E3 SUMO1-protein ligase activity resulting in increased p53/TP53 ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:Fam13c
gene id: 10090:Fam13c
uniprot id: G3X9S1
uniprot id: Q5DTU9
uniprot id: Q6NXX8
uniprot id: Q8BLV7
uniprot id: Q9DBR2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM13 family.

10090:Ube2n
gene id: 10090:Ube2n
uniprot id: A2RTT4
uniprot id: P61089
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activity is inhibited by binding to OTUB1, which prevents 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination (By similarity). Activity is inhibited by GPS2, leading to prevent 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination (PubMed:22424771, PubMed:28039360, PubMed:28123943, PubMed:29499132).
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Conjugation to ISG15 impairs formation of the thioester bond with ubiquitin but not interaction with UBE2V2.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with UBE2V2 (By similarity). Interacts (UBE2V2-UBE2N heterodimer) with the E3 ligase STUB1 (via the U-box domain); the complex has a specific 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination activity (By similarity). Interacts with RNF8 and RNF168 (By similarity). Interacts with RNF11 (By similarity). Interacts with the E3 ligases, HLTF and SHPRH; the interactions promote the 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA upon genotoxic stress and lead to DNA repair (By similarity). Interacts with ARIH2 (via RING-type 2) (By similarity). Interacts with OTUB1; leading to inhibit E2-conjugating activity (By similarity). Interacts with GPS2; leading to inhibit E2-conjugating activity (PubMed:22424771). Interacts with RIGI and RNF135; involved in RIGI ubiquitination and activation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The UBE2V1-UBE2N and UBE2V2-UBE2N heterodimers catalyze the synthesis of non-canonical 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (PubMed:22424771, PubMed:28039360). This type of polyubiquitination does not lead to protein degradation by the proteasome. Mediates transcriptional activation of target genes. Plays a role in the control of progress through the cell cycle and differentiation. Plays a role in the error-free DNA repair pathway and contributes to the survival of cells after DNA damage. Acts together with the E3 ligases, HLTF and SHPRH, in the 'Lys-63'-linked poly-ubiquitination of PCNA upon genotoxic stress, which is required for DNA repair. Appears to act together with E3 ligase RNF5 in the 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of JKAMP thereby regulating JKAMP function by decreasing its association with components of the proteasome and ERAD. Promotes TRIM5 capsid-specific restriction activity and the UBE2V1-UBE2N heterodimer acts in concert with TRIM5 to generate 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains which activate the MAP3K7/TAK1 complex which in turn results in the induction and expression of NF-kappa-B and MAPK-responsive inflammatory genes. Together with RNF135 and UB2V1, catalyzes the RNA-dependent 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of RIGI to activate the downstream signaling pathway that leads to interferon beta production (PubMed:22424771). UBE2V1-UBE2N together with TRAF3IP2 E3 ubiquitin ligase mediate 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF6, a component of IL17A-mediated signaling pathway.

10090:Atp6v1b1
gene id: 10090:Atp6v1b1
uniprot id: Q91YH6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
messages: Highly expressed in the kidney; found in early distal nephron, encompassing thick ascending limbs and distal convoluted tubules and in the alpha-intercalated cells of the cortical collecting ducts (at protein level) (PubMed:14585495, PubMed:29993276). Expressed in the olfactory epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:23028982). Expressed at lower levels in the testis (PubMed:14585495).
messages: Mice show a higher urinary pH and a more severe metabolic acidosis after oral acid challenge in comparison to wild-type littermates (PubMed:16174750). Mice show diminished innate avoidance behavior (revealed as a decrease in freezing time and an increase in the number of sniffs in the presence of trimethyl-thiazoline) and diminished innate appetitive behavior (a decrease in time spent investigating the urine of the opposite sex) (PubMed:23028982).
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (PubMed:16174750, PubMed:23028982). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). Essential for the proper assembly and activity of V-ATPase (By similarity). In renal intercalated cells, mediates secretion of protons (H+) into the urine thereby ensuring correct urinary acidification (PubMed:16174750). Required for optimal olfactory function by mediating the acidification of the nasal olfactory epithelium (PubMed:23028982).
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates interactions with NHERF1 and SCL4A7.
messages: V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex (By similarity). The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H (By similarity). The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and the accessory subunits ATP6AP1/Ac45 and ATP6AP2/PRR (By similarity). Forms a complex with NHERF1 and SCL4A7 (By similarity).

10090:Ptprr
gene id: 10090:Ptprr
uniprot id: Q62132
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 7 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Isoform alpha is expressed throughout the granular layer of the cerebellar but not within the Purkinje cells, also in the villi of the ileum and jejunum and both the villi and crypts of the duodenum. Isoform beta is expressed only in the Purkinje cells. Isoform gamma is expressed throughout the brain, the villi and crypts of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and expressed at low levels in the proximal colon.
messages: Interacts with MAPKs.
messages: Isoform gamma is the only family member developmentally expressed. Expressed throughout the brain in 15.5 day embryos and in cranial nerve cells, skeletal tissues such as neural crest-derived face bones, and the periphery of cartilaginous skeletal elements including the rib and vertebrae anlage. On day 17.5, expression was observed throughout the brain, trigeminal ganglion, cranofacial bones, oral-facial structures, cervical vertebrae, axis and the ileum. Expression continued in the vertebral column throughout ossification.
messages: Sequesters mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK14 in the cytoplasm in an inactive form. The MAPKs bind to a dephosphorylated kinase interacting motif, phosphorylation of which by the protein kinase A complex releases the MAPKs for activation and translocation into the nucleus. Isoform gamma may have a role in patterning and cellular proliferation of skeletal elements in the precartilaginous/cartilaginous skeleton.

10090:Sez6
gene id: 10090:Sez6
uniprot id: Q7TSK2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 11.5 dpc, expression is localized to the preplate and is absent from the ventricular zone which is the most prominent layer during early cortical development. At 13 dpc highly expressed in postmitotic, maturing neurons of the developing cortical plate and subplate. At 15 dpc expression is closely tied with the emergence of the neocortical layers and hippocampus. In the cortex, expression diminishes after birth, but continues in the deep layer pyramidal neurons and neuronal subpopulations of layer II/III. In the hippocampus, expression persists in CA1 pyramidal neurons and in the dentate gyrus. Postnatally, expression remains high in specific cortical neuron populations, particularly those of the deep cortical layers.
messages: Belongs to the SEZ6 family.
messages: Brain-specific. Expressed in extrasynaptic and synaptic subcellular fractions (at protein level). Expression correlates with the most active periods of cortical neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. Expression is restricted to the gray matter with higher levels in the forebrain including the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nuclei, olfactory tubercle, striatum, hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell layer and cerebral cortex. Expression is up-regulated with the convulsant drug, pentylenetetrazole.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: May play a role in cell-cell recognition and in neuronal membrane signaling. Seems to be important for the achievement of the necessary balance between dendrite elongation and branching during the elaboration of a complex dendritic arbor. Involved in the development of appropriate excitatory synaptic connectivity.
messages: Mice show reduced exploratory behavior and motor coordination, altered maze performance, and poorer memory retention. Molecular, morphological, and electrophysiological evidence of defects in dendritic arbor patterning was also seen. Secreted and membrane-bound isoforms in null mutants exerted opposite actions. The secreted isoform showed an increased neurite number, while, the membrane-bound isoform displayed a decrease in dendritic arborization. Embryos were viable, fertile and normal in other respects. Mice lacking Sez6, Sez6l1, Sez6l2 exhibited motor discordination, and Purkinje cells were often innervated by multiple climbing fibers with different neuronal origins in the cerebellum.
messages: Secreted
messages: Synapse
messages: dendrite

10090:Gcsam
gene id: 10090:Gcsam
uniprot id: Q6RFH4
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GCSAM transgenic mice develop B-cell lymphoid hyperplasia, hypergammaglobulinemia and systemic reactive amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis strating from 12 months of age.
messages: Highly expressed in normal germinal center (GC) B-cells. Expressed in spleen and, to a lesser extent, bone marrow.
messages: Interacts with ACTB and MYH2; the interaction with MYH2 is increased by IL6-induced phosphorylation. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ARHGEF11 (via DH domain). Interacts with ARHGEF12. Interacts with SYK; the interaction increases after B-cell receptor stimulation, resulting in enhanced SYK autophosphorylation and activity.
messages: Involved in the negative regulation of lymphocyte motility. It mediates the migration-inhibitory effects of IL6. Serves as a positive regulator of the RhoA signaling pathway. Enhancement of RhoA activation results in inhibition of lymphocyte and lymphoma cell motility by activation of its downstream effector ROCK. Is a regulator of B-cell receptor signaling, that acts through SYK kinase activation.
messages: Phosphorylation on tyrosine residues can be induced by IL6. Phosphorylation is mediated by LYN.
messages: Targeted by the ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit FBXO10 to mediate its ubiquitination and degradation.

10090:Scgb1b3
gene id: 10090:Scgb1b3
uniprot id: J3QJY4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Hpse
gene id: 10090:Hpse
uniprot id: Q6YGZ1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 79 family.
messages: Endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) into heparan sulfate side chains and core proteoglycans. Participates in extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling. Selectively cleaves the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying either a 3-O-sulfo or a 6-O-sulfo group. Can also cleave the linkage between a glucuronic acid unit and an N-sulfo glucosamine unit carrying a 2-O-sulfo group, but not linkages between a glucuronic acid unit and a 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid moiety. It is essentially inactive at neutral pH but becomes active under acidic conditions such as during tumor invasion and in inflammatory processes. Facilitates cell migration associated with metastasis, wound healing and inflammation. Enhances shedding of syndecans, and increases endothelial invasion and angiogenesis in myelomas. Acts as procoagulant by increasing the generation of activation factor X in the presence of tissue factor and activation factor VII. Increases cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), independent of its enzymatic activity. Induces AKT1/PKB phosphorylation via lipid rafts increasing cell mobility and invasion. Heparin increases this AKT1/PKB activation. Regulates osteogenesis. Enhances angiogenesis through up-regulation of SRC-mediated activation of VEGF. Implicated in hair follicle inner root sheath differentiation and hair homeostasis.
messages: Expressed in skin, mainly in the stratum granulosum and the first layer of the stratum corneum in the upper part of the epidermis. Also detected in hair follicles and in sebaceous glands.
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimer formation between the 8 kDa and the 50 kDa subunits is required for enzyme activity. Interacts with TF; the interaction, inhibited by heparin, enhances the generation of activated factor X and activates coagulation. Interacts with HRG; the interaction is enhanced at acidic pH, partially inhibits binding of HPSE to cell surface receptors and modulates its enzymatic activity. Interacts with SDC1; the interaction enhances the shedding of SDC1 (By similarity). Interacts with HPSE2 (By similarity).
messages: In 18.5 day embryos, expressed in the peri-chondrium, periosteum and at the chondro-osseus junction of developing bone.
messages: Inhibited by EDTA and activated by calcium and magnesium (By similarity). Inhibited by laminarin sulfate and, to a lower extent, by heparin and sulfamin.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. Glycosylation of the 50 kDa subunit appears to be essential for its solubility.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proteolytically processed. The cleavage of the 65 kDa form leads to the generation of a linker peptide, and the 8 kDa and 50 kDa products. The active form, the 8/50 kDa heterodimer, is resistant to degradation. Complete removal of the linker peptide appears to be a prerequisite to the complete activation of the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Vmp1
gene id: 10090:Vmp1
uniprot id: Q99KU0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VMP1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with BECN1 (By similarity). Interacts with TJP1. Interacts with TP53INP2. Interacts with TMEM41B. Interacts with ATP2A2, PLN and SLN; competes with PLN and SLN to prevent them from forming an inhibitory complex with ATP2A2. Interacts with ATG2A (By similarity).
messages: Mutants show early embryonic lethality with lipid accumulation in the visceral endoderm (PubMed:31526472). Intestinal epithelial cell-specific knockout show accumulation of lipids in intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:31526472).
messages: Phospholipid scramblase involved in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes (By similarity). Has phospholipid scramblase activity toward cholesterol and phosphatidylserine, as well as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine (By similarity). Required for autophagosome formation: participates in early stages of autophagosome biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by reequilibrating the leaflets of the ER as lipids are extracted by ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B) to mediate autophagosome assembly (PubMed:17940279, PubMed:28890335). Regulates ATP2A2 activity to control ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation (By similarity). In addition to autophagy, involved in other processes in which phospholipid scramblase activity is required (By similarity). Modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes (By similarity). Plays an essential role in formation of cell junctions (PubMed:31526472). Upon stress such as bacterial and viral infection, promotes formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles followed by cell death (By similarity). Involved in the cytoplasmic vacuolization of acinar cells during the early stage of acute pancreatitis (By similarity).
messages: The VTT domain was previously called the SNARE-assoc domain. As there is no evidence that this domain associates with SNARE proteins, it was renamed as VMP1, TMEM41, and TVP38 (VTT) domain.
messages: Vacuole membrane

10090:Lpar4
gene id: 10090:Lpar4
uniprot id: Q8BLG2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a mediator of diverse cellular activities. Transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions and by stimulating adenylyl cyclase activity. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is 1-oleoyl- > 1-stearoyl- > 1-palmitoyl- > 1-myristoyl- > 1-alkyl- > 1-alkenyl-LPA (By similarity).

10090:Depdc1a
gene id: 10090:Depdc1a
uniprot id: Q8CIG0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can form dimers. Interacts with ZNF224 (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation as a transcriptional corepressor. The DEPDC1A-ZNF224 complex may play a critical role in bladder carcinogenesis by repressing the transcription of the A20 gene, leading to transport of NF-KB protein into the nucleus, resulting in suppression of apoptosis of bladder cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Copa
gene id: 10090:Copa
uniprot id: Q8BTF0
uniprot id: Q8CIE6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
messages: Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits. Probably interacts with PEX11A. Interacts with SCYL1. Interacts with JAGN1 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM41B (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity).
messages: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors.
messages: Xenin stimulates exocrine pancreatic secretion. It inhibits pentagastrin-stimulated secretion of acid, to induce exocrine pancreatic secretion and to affect small and large intestinal motility. In the gut, xenin interacts with the neurotensin receptor (By similarity).

10090:Trappc3
gene id: 10090:Trappc3
uniprot id: O55013
uniprot id: Q3U9K9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimer. Component of the multisubunit transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex, which includes at least TRAPPC2, TRAPPC2L, TRAPPC3, TRAPPC3L, TRAPPC4, TRAPPC5, TRAPPC8, TRAPPC9, TRAPPC10, TRAPPC11 and TRAPPC12. Heterodimer with TRAPPC6A. The heterodimer TRAPPC3-TRAPPC6A interacts with TRAPPC2L. Heterodimer with TRAPPC6b. The heterodimer TRAPPC6B-TRAPPC3 interacts with TRAPPC1 likely providing a core for TRAPP complex formation.
messages: May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in lung, heart, liver, spleen, brain and kidney.
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Cyp2d26
gene id: 10090:Cyp2d26
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY2
uniprot id: Q8CIM7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: P450 can be induced to high levels in liver and other tissues by various foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens.

10090:Spns1
gene id: 10090:Spns1
uniprot id: Q8R0G7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Spinster (TC 2.A.1.49) family.
messages: Expressed in liver (at mRNA and protein levels).
messages: Interacts with BCL2 and BCL2L1.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Plays a critical role in the phospholipid salvage pathway from lysosomes to the cytosol (PubMed:36161949). Mediates the rate-limiting, proton-dependent, lysosomal efflux of lysophospholipids, which can then be reacylated by acyltransferases in the endoplasmic reticulum to form phospholipids (PubMed:36161949). Selective for zwitterionic headgroups such as lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), can also transport lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), but not other anionic lysophospholipids, sphingosine, nor sphingomyelin (PubMed:36161949). Transports lysophospholipids with saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 1-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, respectively (PubMed:36161949). Can also transport lysoplasmalogen (LPC with a fatty alcohol) such as 1-(1Z-hexadecenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. Essential player in lysosomal homeostasis (PubMed:36161949). Crucial for cell survival under conditions of nutrient limitation. May be involved in necrotic or autophagic cell death (By similarity).

10090:Scgb1b27
gene id: 10090:Scgb1b27
uniprot id: Q91WB5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Dnah5
gene id: 10090:Dnah5
uniprot id: Q8VHE6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.
messages: Defects in Dnah5 are the cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). PCD is characterized by recurrent respiratory infections, situs inversus and ciliary immotility and hydrocephalus.
messages: Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and the head or motor domain. The motor contains six tandemly-linked AAA domains in the head, which form a ring. A stalk-like structure (formed by two of the coiled coil domains) protrudes between AAA 4 and AAA 5 and terminates in a microtubule-binding site. A seventh domain may also contribute to this ring; it is not clear whether the N-terminus or the C-terminus forms this extra domain. There are four well-conserved and two non-conserved ATPase sites, one per AAA domain. Probably only one of these (within AAA 1) actually hydrolyzes ATP, the others may serve a regulatory function.
messages: Embryos show a weak expression confined to the node from 7.0 to 8.25 dpc.
messages: Force generating protein of respiratory cilia. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Required for structural and functional integrity of the cilia of ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles.
messages: Interacts with DNAL1 (By similarity). Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains.
messages: Mice display defects in motility of the ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles and aqueduct. This results in impaired flow of cerebrospinal fluid through the cerebral aqueduct and gives rise to closure of the aqueduct and subsequent formation of triventricular hydrocephalus during early postnatal brain development.
messages: Strongly expressed in lung and kidney and weaker expression seen in brain, heart and testis. In the brain, expressed in ependymal cells lining the brain ventricles and the aqueduct.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:2310034C09Rik
gene id: 10090:2310034C09Rik
uniprot id: Q9D746
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMG family.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Disp1
gene id: 10090:Disp1
uniprot id: Q3TDN0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dispatched family.
messages: Death at or soon after 9.5 dpc probably due to abnormal embryonic turning and looping of the heart. Embryos also display defects in development of the forebrain and branchial arches.
messages: Expression overlaps with the one of SHH and IHH being restricted to tissues that require Hh signaling. PubMed:12372301, reported a more ubiquitous expression which is detected throughout the embryo at 7.5 dpc and is maintained during embryonic development.
messages: Functions in hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Regulates the release and extracellular accumulation of cholesterol-modified hedgehog proteins and is hence required for effective production of the Hh signal. Synergizes with SCUBE2 to cause an increase in SHH secretion (PubMed:22902404).
messages: Interacts with SHH; via the cholesterol anchor of the dually lipid-modified SHH (ShhNp) (PubMed:22902404).
messages: Membrane

10090:Scfd2
gene id: 10090:Scfd2
uniprot id: Q3UXF7
uniprot id: Q8BTY8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
messages: May be involved in protein transport.

10090:Defb13
gene id: 10090:Defb13
uniprot id: Q8R2I4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed in testis and to a lesser extent in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda). Also weakly expressed in kidneys.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zfp423
gene id: 10090:Zfp423
uniprot id: Q80TS5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: During embryogenesis, it is highly expressed at the dorsal neuroepithelium flanking the roof plate.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD1 and SMAD4. Interacts with EBF1 (By similarity). Interacts with PARP1. Interacts with CEP290 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are runted and ataxic, the cerebellum is underdeveloped, and the vermis is severely reduced, resulting in diminished proliferation by granule cell precursors in the external germinal layer, especially near the midline, and abnormal differentiation and migration of ventricular zone-derived neurons and Bergmann glia. In the remaining cerebellar structures, the Purkinje cells are poorly developed and mislocalized.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that can both act as an activator or a repressor depending on the context. Plays a central role in BMP signaling and olfactory neurogenesis. Associates with SMADs in response to BMP2 leading to activate transcription of BMP target genes. Acts as a transcriptional repressor via its interaction with EBF1, a transcription factor involved in terminal olfactory receptor neurons differentiation; this interaction preventing EBF1 to bind DNA and activate olfactory-specific genes. Involved in olfactory neurogenesis by participating in a developmental switch that regulates the transition from differentiation to maturation in olfactory receptor neurons. Controls proliferation and differentiation of neural precursors in cerebellar vermis formation.
messages: Uses different DNA- and protein-binding zinc fingers to regulate the distinct BMP-Smad and Olf signaling pathways. C2H2-type zinc fingers 14-19 mediate the interaction with SMAD1 and SMAD4, while zinc fingers 28-30 mediate the interaction with EBF1. zinc fingers 2-8 bind the 5'-CCGCCC-3' DNA sequence in concert with EBF1, while zinc fingers 9-13 bind BMP target gene promoters in concert with SMADs (By similarity).
messages: Within the cerebellum, Zfp423 is expressed in both ventricular and external germinal zones. Transiently expressed in newly differentiating olfactory-receptor neurons.
messages: Znf423 gene is a frequent target of retroviral integration in murine B-cell lymphomas.

10090:Ssb
gene id: 10090:Ssb
uniprot id: P32067
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to the 3' poly(U) terminus of nascent RNA polymerase III transcripts, protecting them from exonuclease digestion and facilitating their folding and maturation.
messages: Interacts with DDX15. May interact with RUFY1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Themis
gene id: 10090:Themis
uniprot id: Q8BGW0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the themis family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated by stimulation through the alpha-beta TCR.
messages: Expressed in the thymus and to a lesser extent in the spleen but not detectable in non-lymphoid tissues. Highly expressed in thymocytes between the pre-T-cell antigen receptor (pre-TCR) and positive-selection checkpoints and expressed at low level in mature T-cells (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with PLCG1, ITK, GRB2, and LAT.
messages: Mice are viable, are born at the expected Mendelian frequency and present no gross abnormalities. They however display a blockade in late T-cell development with defects in thymocyte selection. The number of transitional CD4(+)CD8(int) thymocytes as well as CD4(+) or CD8(+) single-positive thymocytes is lower. Thymocytes show defective positive selection, resulting in fewer mature thymocytes. Negative selection is also impaired. A greater percentage of T-cells have CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory and CD62L(lo)CD44(hi) memory phenotypes compared to wild-type T-cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Tyr residues quickly after TCR stimulation.
messages: Plays a central role in late thymocyte development by controlling both positive and negative T-cell selection. Required to sustain and/or integrate signals required for proper lineage commitment and maturation of T-cells. Regulates T-cell development through T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling and in particular through the regulation of calcium influx and phosphorylation of Erk.

10090:Alx4
gene id: 10090:Alx4
uniprot id: O35137
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family.
messages: Binds DNA.
messages: Defects in Alx4 are the cause of Strong luxoid (lst) phenotype. At heterozygosity lst is characterized by preaxial abnormalities of the hindfeet and, very rarely, of the forefeet. Homozygotes show preaxial polydactyly of all four limbs, reductions and duplications of the radius, absence of the tibia, craniofacial defects, reduction of the pubis, and dorsal alopecia.
messages: Expressed from 8.25 dpc and confined to mesenchymal cells throughout the embryo development. Expression is seen at several sites including craniofacial region, first branchial arch and anterior aspect of the limb bud.
messages: Expressed in osteoblasts. Not expressed in brain, heart, intestine, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen and testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor involved in skull and limb development.

10090:Cdh1
gene id: 10090:Cdh1
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZW5
uniprot id: P09803
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Does not function as a receptor for L.monocytogenes internalin A (InlA); mutating a single surface-exposed residue confers receptor activity to this protein and promotes uptake of the bacteria.
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (PubMed:11976333). They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. CDH1 is involved in mechanisms regulating cell-cell adhesions, mobility and proliferation of epithelial cells (PubMed:11976333). Has a potent invasive suppressor role. It is a ligand for integrin alpha-E/beta-7 (By similarity).
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During apoptosis or with calcium influx, cleaved by a membrane-bound metalloproteinase (ADAM10), PS1/gamma-secretase and caspase-3 (By similarity). Processing by the metalloproteinase, induced by calcium influx, causes disruption of cell-cell adhesion and the subsequent release of beta-catenin into the cytoplasm (By similarity). The residual membrane-tethered cleavage product is rapidly degraded via an intracellular proteolytic pathway (By similarity). Cleavage by caspase-3 releases the cytoplasmic tail resulting in disintegration of the actin microfilament system (By similarity). The gamma-secretase-mediated cleavage promotes disassembly of adherens junctions (By similarity). During development of the cochlear organ of Corti, cleavage by ADAM10 at adherens junctions promotes pillar cell separation (PubMed:30639848).
messages: E-Cad/CTF2 promotes non-amyloidogenic degradation of Abeta precursors. Has a strong inhibitory effect on APP C99 and C83 production (By similarity).
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in inner and outer pillar cells of the organ of Corti (at protein level) (PubMed:30639848). Non-neural epithelial tissues.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Component of an E-cadherin/ catenin adhesion complex composed of at least E-cadherin/CDH1, beta-catenin/CTNNB1 or gamma-catenin/JUP, and potentially alpha-catenin/CTNNA1; the complex is located to adherens junctions (PubMed:7982500, PubMed:19759396). Interacts with the TRPV4 and CTNNB1 complex (PubMed:20413591, PubMed:11348595). Interacts with CTNND1 (By similarity). The stable association of CTNNA1 is controversial as CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex (PubMed:16325582). Alternatively, the CTNNA1-containing complex may be linked to F-actin by other proteins such as LIMA1 (PubMed:18093941). Interaction with PSEN1, cleaves CDH1 resulting in the disassociation of cadherin-based adherens junctions (CAJs) (By similarity). Interacts with AJAP1 and DLGAP5 (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D2 (By similarity). Interacts with LIMA1 (By similarity). Interacts with CAV1 (By similarity). Interacts with PIP5K1C (By similarity). Interacts with RAB8B (By similarity). Interacts with DDR1; this stabilizes CDH1 at the cell surface and inhibits its internalization (By similarity). Interacts with RAPGEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with KLRG1 (By similarity). Forms a ternary complex composed of ADAM10, CADH1 and EPHA4; within the complex, CADH1 is cleaved by ADAM10 which disrupts adherens junctions (PubMed:30639848). Interacts with SPEF1 (By similarity). Interacts with CTNNB1 and PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: In the testis, expression is highest in fetal gonad, then decreases 5-fold in newborn. Detectable in 7-day-old but not in 21-day-old or adult.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylation at Asn-639 is essential for expression, folding and trafficking. Addition of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine by MGAT3 modulates its cell membrane location (By similarity).
messages: O-glycosylated. O-manosylated by TMTC1, TMTC2, TMTC3 or TMTC4. Ser-287 and Thr-511 are O-manosylated by TMTC2 or TMTC4 but not TMTC1 or TMTC3.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: Ubiquitinated by a SCF complex containing SKP2, which requires prior phosphorylation by CK1/CSNK1A1. Ubiquitinated by CBLL1/HAKAI, requires prior phosphorylation at Tyr-756 (By similarity).
messages: adherens junction
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Capn10
gene id: 10090:Capn10
uniprot id: Q9ESK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction. May play a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (By similarity).

10090:Maml1
gene id: 10090:Maml1
uniprot id: Q6T264
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional coactivator for NOTCH proteins. Has been shown to amplify NOTCH-induced transcription of HES1. Enhances phosphorylation and proteolytic turnover of the NOTCH intracellular domain in the nucleus through interaction with CDK8. Binds to CREBBP/CBP which promotes nucleosome acetylation at NOTCH enhancers and activates transcription. Induces phosphorylation and localization of CREBBP to nuclear foci. Plays a role in hematopoietic development by regulating NOTCH-mediated lymphoid cell fate decisions.
messages: At E9.5, strongly expressed in the telencephalon, first branchial arch, forelimb buds and somites. By 10.5 dpc, continuously expressed in brain and spinal cord. Also expressed in first and second branchial arches and limb buds. By 11.5 dpc, expression in CNS is weak but increases in mesodermal tissues. At 14.5 dpc, detected in epithelial cells in trachea, esophagus and proximal and distal tubules of the developing lungs.
messages: Belongs to the mastermind family.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 (via ankyrin repeat region). Interacts (via N-terminus) with p53 (via DNA-binding region). Forms a DNA-binding complex with Notch proteins and RBPSUH/RBP-J kappa/CBF1. Also binds CREBBP/CBP and CDK8. Forms a complex with PRAG1, NOTCH1 and MAML1, in a MAML1-dependent manner (PubMed:25038227).
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The C-terminal region is required for transcriptional activation.

10090:Ttc21b
gene id: 10090:Ttc21b
uniprot id: E9PVK4
uniprot id: Q0HA38
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 10.5 dpc, widely expressed with more intense expression in the maxillary prominence, branchial arches, limb buds, somites and spinal cord.
messages: Belongs to the TTC21 family.
messages: Component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A) complex. IFT-A complex is divided into a core subcomplex composed of IFT122:IFT140:WDR19 which is associated with TULP3 and a peripheral subcomplex composed of IFT43:WDR35:TTC21B. Interacts directy with WDR35 and TTC21B (By similarity). Interacts with TTC25 (PubMed:25860617).
messages: Component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A), a complex required for retrograde ciliary transport and entry into cilia of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Essential for retrograde trafficking of IFT-1, IFT-B and GPCRs (By similarity). Negatively modulates the SHH signal transduction (PubMed:18327258).
messages: Probable cloning artifact. Aberrant splice sites.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Asap3
gene id: 10090:Asap3
uniprot id: Q5U464
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Promotes cell proliferation.

10090:Tango2
gene id: 10090:Tango2
uniprot id: P54797
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Tango2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in fetal liver, lung, heart and kidney (PubMed:8268909). In brain, detected in the olfactory bulb, neocortex and cerebellum (PubMed:18775783). Elevated in mitral cells and minimally expressed in bulb interneurons (PubMed:18775783). In the cortex, restricted to the upper portion of layer 5 (PubMed:18775783). In the cerebellum, excluded from Purkinje cells but expressed in granule cells (PubMed:18775783).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Levels increase during embryonic development, drop at postnatal day 0 and increase again during postnatal development, reaching a mmaxium at postnatal day 21 before dropping slightly at postnatal day 60 (PubMed:18775783). In 13 dpc embryos, expressed at high levels in the trachea, liver, esophagus, lung and velo-pharyngeal region (PubMed:8268909). Also detected in the central nervous system (PubMed:8268909).
messages: May be involved in lipid homeostasis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Previous published data showed conflicting results on the intracellular location of TANGO2. Has been reported to be located in the Golgi apparatus (By similarity). However, another study was unable to detect Golgi localization (By similarity). Has been reported to be located in the mitochondrion by several recent studies in mouse and human (PubMed:18775783). However, no mitochondrial localization was detected in another study which reported that the protein is primarily cytoplasmic (By similarity).

10090:Dhrs7
gene id: 10090:Dhrs7
uniprot id: Q9CXR1
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: DHRS7 was originally reported to be anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and facing the lumen (By similarity). However, the catalytic moiety was later shown to be facing the cytosol (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase which catalyzes the reduction of a variety of compounds bearing carbonyl groups including steroids, retinoids and xenobiotics. Catalyzes the reduction/inactivation of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone to 3alpha-androstanediol, with a possible role in the modulation of androgen receptor function. Involved in the reduction of all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol. Converts cortisone to 20beta-dihydrocortisone in vitro, although the physiological relevance of this activity is questionable. Reduces exogenous compounds such as quinones (1,2-naphtoquinone, 9,10-phenantrenequinone and benzoquinone) and other xenobiotics (alpha-diketones) in vitro, suggesting a role in the biotransformation of xenobiotics with carbonyl group. A dehydrogenase activity has not been detected so far. May play a role as tumor suppressor.

10090:Capn9
gene id: 10090:Capn9
uniprot id: Q9D805
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Predominantly expressed in stomach and small intestine, although low levels of expression in other organs.

10090:Tnfaip8l3
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip8l3
uniprot id: Q3TBL6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a lipid transfer protein. Preferentially captures and shuttles two lipid second messengers, i.e., phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and increases their levels in the plasma membrane. Additionally, may also function as a lipid-presenting protein to enhance the activity of the PI3K-AKT and MEK-ERK pathways. May act as a regulator of tumorigenesis through its activation of phospholipid signaling.
messages: Belongs to the TNFAIP8 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice develop normally during the first 3 months of life under pathogen-free conditions. However, following subcutaneous injection of the carcinogen 3-methylcholanthrene, deficient mice exhibit markedly delayed skin tumor onset and reduced tumor size compared with wild-type mice.
messages: The N-terminal domain (AA 2-20) is essential for its effect on cell growth and survival.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level).

10090:Ap3b1
gene id: 10090:Ap3b1
uniprot id: Q3UPG0
uniprot id: Q9Z1T1
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (delta-type subunit AP3D1 and beta-type subunit AP3B1 or AP3B2), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP3M1 or AP3M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit APS1 or AP3S2) (PubMed:21998198). AP-3 associates with the BLOC-1 complex (PubMed:21998198). Interacts with KIF3A; interaction is direct; interaction is impaired by pyrophosphorylation of AP3B1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Defects in Ap3b1 are the cause of the autosomal recessive phenotype 'pearl' (pe). Pearl mice exhibit hypopigmentation, lysosomal secretion abnormalities, and platelet-dense granules with reduced levels of adenine nucleotides and serotonin. The changes in platelets lead to prolonged bleeding. Additionally, pearl mice exhibit reduced sensitivity in the dark-adapted state (PubMed:9931340).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: Pyrophosphorylated by 5-diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (5-IP7) (PubMed:17873058). Pyrophosphorylation impairs interaction with KIF3A (By similarity). Serine pyrophosphorylation is achieved by Mg(2+)-dependent, but enzyme independent transfer of a beta-phosphate from a inositol pyrophosphate to a pre-phosphorylated serine residue (PubMed:17873058).
messages: Subunit of non-clathrin- and clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-3 appears to be involved in the sorting of a subset of transmembrane proteins targeted to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Faim
gene id: 10090:Faim
uniprot id: Q9WUD8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAIM1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a role as an inducible effector molecule that mediates Fas resistance produced by surface Ig engagement in B cells.
messages: Widely expressed, with the highest levels in brain, thymus, kidney, and spleen.

10090:Cdh13
gene id: 10090:Cdh13
uniprot id: Q9WTR5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By contrast to classical cadherins, homodimerization in trans is not mediated by cadherin EC1 domain strand-swapping, but instead through a homophilic adhesive interface which joins two elongated EC1-EC2 domains through a region near their Ca2+-binding sites to form a tetrahedral, X-like shape.
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. May act as a negative regulator of neural cell growth.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Tk2
gene id: 10090:Tk2
uniprot id: Q8BN51
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DCK/DGK family.

10090:Or2d36
gene id: 10090:Or2d36
uniprot id: Q9EPG6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Clcf1
gene id: 10090:Clcf1
uniprot id: Q3TM06
uniprot id: Q9QZM3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
messages: Forms a heteromeric complex with cardiotrophin-like cytokine CRLF1/CLF-1; the CRLF1-CLCF1 complex is a ligand for the ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor/CNTFR. The CRLF1-CLCF1 heterodimer binds SORL1 (via N-terminal ectodomain); within this complex, the interaction is mediated predominantly by the CRLF1 moiety. The tripartite signaling complex formed by CRLF1, CLCF1 and CNTFR also binds SORL1.
messages: In complex with CRLF1, forms a heterodimeric neurotropic cytokine that plays a crucial role during neuronal development (By similarity). Also stimulates B-cells. Binds to and activates the ILST/gp130 receptor (PubMed:10500198).
messages: Secreted

10090:Slc35a1
gene id: 10090:Slc35a1
uniprot id: Q61420
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35A subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: Transports CMP-sialic acid from the cytosol into the Golgi apparatus, functioning as an antiporter that exchanges CMP-sialic acid for CMP (PubMed:8755516, PubMed:10085119, PubMed:30985278, PubMed:34015330). Binds both CMP-sialic acid and free CMP, but has higher affinity for free CMP (PubMed:30985278). Also able to exchange CMP-sialic acid for AMP and UMP (By similarity). Also mediates the transport of CDP-ribitol (PubMed:34015330) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Found in all the tissues examined including skeletal muscle, brain, heart, liver, kidney and spleen.

10090:Ano5
gene id: 10090:Ano5
uniprot id: Q75UR0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the anoctamin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Does not exhibit calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) activity.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in skeletal muscle, bone tissues and thyroid gland.
messages: In the developing embryo, expressed mainly in differentiating and developing somites and is associated with myotomal somite lineages.
messages: The term 'anoctamin' was coined because these channels are anion selective and have eight (OCT) transmembrane segments. There is some dissatisfaction in the field with the Ano nomenclature because it is not certain that all the members of this family are anion channels or have the 8-transmembrane topology.
messages: Up-regulated during the course of myogenic differentiation. Down-regulated during osteoblastic differentiation.

10090:Entpd3
gene id: 10090:Entpd3
uniprot id: Q8BFW6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates (PubMed:15130768). Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP and UTP over ADP and UDP (PubMed:15130768).
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Gab1
gene id: 10090:Gab1
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS41
uniprot id: Q505A4
uniprot id: Q9QYY0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in intracellular signaling cascades triggered by activated receptor-type kinases. Plays a role in FGFR1 signaling. Probably involved in signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the insulin receptor (INSR). Involved in the MET/HGF-signaling pathway.
messages: Belongs to the GAB family.
messages: Expressed in the inner ear (at protein level) (PubMed:29408807). Expression is detected in the cochlear duct, spiral limbus region, efferent and afferent nerves, and in spiral ganglion neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:29408807).
messages: Identified in a complex containing FRS2, GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1 (PubMed:11353842). Forms a tripartite complex containing GAB1, METTL13 and SPRY2 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with METTL13 (By similarity). Interacts with GRB2 and with other SH2-containing proteins (PubMed:11353842). Interacts with phosphorylated LAT2 (By similarity). Interacts with PTPRJ (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated) with PTPN11 (By similarity). Interacts with HCK (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residue(s) by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the insulin receptor (INSR). Tyrosine phosphorylation of GAB1 mediates interaction with several proteins that contain SH2 domains. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by HCK upon IL6 signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylated in response to FGFR1 activation.

10090:Pla2g4f
gene id: 10090:Pla2g4f
uniprot id: Q50L41
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Has calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities with a potential role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators (PubMed:17293613, PubMed:15866882). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) (PubMed:17293613, PubMed:15866882). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis (PubMed:15866882, PubMed:17293613). In myocardial mitochondria, plays a major role in arachidonate release that is metabolically channeled to the formation of cardioprotective eicosanoids, epoxyeicosatrienoates (EETs) (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Stimulated by cytosolic Ca(2+).
messages: Strongly expressed in thyroid, expressed at intermediate level in stomach and at very low level in large intestine and prostate.
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Dpp9
gene id: 10090:Dpp9
uniprot id: Q8BVG4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S9B family. DPPIV subfamily.
messages: Detected in hypoglossal cord and first branchial arch at 10.75 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Detected in kidney, skin, brain, thymus and liver (at protein level).
messages: Dipeptidyl peptidase that cleaves off N-terminal dipeptides from proteins having a Pro or Ala residue at position 2 (PubMed:24223149). Acts as a key inhibitor of caspase-1-dependent monocyte and macrophage pyroptosis in resting cells by preventing activation of NLRP1 and CARD8 (PubMed:27820798, PubMed:29396289). Sequesters the cleaved C-terminal part of NLRP1 and CARD8, which respectively constitute the active part of the NLRP1 and CARD8 inflammasomes, in a ternary complex, thereby preventing their oligomerization and activation (By similarity). The dipeptidyl peptidase activity is required to suppress NLRP1 and CARD8; however, neither NLRP1 nor CARD8 are bona fide substrates of DPP9, suggesting the existence of substrate(s) required for NLRP1 and CARD8 inhibition (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Forms a ternary complex with NLRP1, composed of a DPP9 homodimer, one full-length NLRP1 protein, and one cleaved C-terminus of NLRP1 (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1, C-terminus). Forms a ternary complex with CARD8, composed of a DPP9 homodimer, one full-length NLRP1 protein, and one cleaved C-terminus of CARD8 (Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8, C-terminus). In the ternary complex, only one subunit of the DPP9 homodimer is bound to NLRP1 or CARD8.
messages: Inhibited by the serine proteinase inhibitor 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulphonyl fluoride (AEBSF), and by di-isopropylfluorophosphate (By similarity). Inhibited by Val-boroPro (Talabostat, PT-100), a non-selective inhibitor, which triggers pyroptosis in monocytes and macrophages (PubMed:27820798, PubMed:29396289). Val-boroPro inhibits activity by binding to the active site, mimicking a substrate-bound state, thereby displacing the C-terminal fragment of NLRP1, leading to activation of the NLRP1 inflammasome. In contrast, Val-boroPro does not directly displaces CARD8: it acts by promoting degradation of the N-terminal part of CARD8, leading to indirect disruption of the ternary complex (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Rcn3
gene id: 10090:Rcn3
uniprot id: Q8BH97
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CREC family.
messages: Degraded by PCSK6 and other endoproteases including FURIN and PCSK5.
messages: During lung development the expression is detected from 15.5 dpc to P1 with a maximum at 17.5 dpc which corresponds to the stage of development of alveolar saccules.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Highly expressed in lung and heart. Also detected in liver, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle, intestine, stomach, and brain.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice show neonatal lethality (PubMed:26252542). Normally delivered newborn mice exhibit normal gross morphology, early motor activity, and response to painful stimuli (PubMed:26252542). They quickly develop severe respiratory distress with gasping and cyanosis, and die within 20 to 60 minutes after birth (PubMed:26252542). Normally developed trachea and diaphragm structure as well as no obvious gross morphological or histological abnormalities in the heart, brain, or liver suggest that abnormal lung development is the primary cause for the neonatal lethality (PubMed:26252542). Mutant mice exhibit morphological abnormalities of the lungs, including atelectasis with collapse of the alveolar space and unexpanded intra-alveolar septae (PubMed:26252542). This is associated with an impaired maturation of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells which is probably due to their failure to properly produce pulmonary surfactant (PubMed:26252542).
messages: Interacts with PCSK6 (immature form including the propeptide); probably involved in the maturation and the secretion of PCSK6.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Probable molecular chaperone assisting protein biosynthesis and transport in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:26252542). Required for the proper biosynthesis and transport of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A/SP-A, pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D/SP-D and the lipid transporter ABCA3 (PubMed:26252542). By regulating both the proper expression and the degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway of these proteins plays a crucial role in pulmonary surfactant homeostasis (PubMed:26252542). Has an anti-fibrotic activity by negatively regulating the secretion of type I and type III collagens (By similarity). This calcium-binding protein also transiently associates with immature PCSK6 and regulates its secretion (By similarity).

10090:Or2a12
gene id: 10090:Or2a12
uniprot id: Q8VEV0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Chrnb4
gene id: 10090:Chrnb4
uniprot id: Q3USV2
uniprot id: Q8R493
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Beta-4/CHRNB4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Neuronal AChR is composed of two different types of subunits: alpha and beta. Beta-4 subunit can be combined to alpha-2, alpha-3 or alpha-4 to give rise to functional receptors. Interacts with RIC3; which is required for proper folding and assembly. Interacts with LYPD6. The pentamer alpha3-beta-4 interacts with the conotoxin BuIA. The heteropentamer composed of alpha-3 and beta-4 subunits interacts with the alpha-conotoxin ImI (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed by immature T-cells in the thymus.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Serpinb6a
gene id: 10090:Serpinb6a
uniprot id: F8WIV2
uniprot id: Q4FJQ6
uniprot id: Q60854
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 13.5 dpc, weakly detected in utricle sensory epithelium but not in hair cells. At 16.5 dpc, more prominently detected in crista hair cells. Hair cell expression is sustained in postnatal mice. In cochlea, detected in cochlear hair cells in embryo and in hair cells and the greater epithelial ridge (GER) region in early postnatal age.
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the inner ear hair cells, keratinocytes of hair follicles and epidermis in abdominal skin.
messages: Forms a complex with the monomeric form of beta-tryptase.
messages: Inhibitor of cathepsin G, kallikrein-8 and thrombin. May play an important role in the inner ear in the protection against leakage of lysosomal content during stress. May be involved in the regulation of serine proteinases present in the brain or extravasated from the blood.

10090:Mapk7
gene id: 10090:Mapk7
uniprot id: Q5NCN8
uniprot id: Q9WVS8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation. Activated in response to hyperosmolarity, hydrogen peroxide, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in testis, brain, kidney, lung and heart. Detected in total embryo (at protein level).
messages: Dually phosphorylated on Thr-219 and Tyr-221, which activates the enzyme.
messages: Interacts with MAP2K5 (By similarity). Forms oligomers. Interacts with MEF2A, MEF2C and MEF2D; the interaction phosphorylates the MEF2s and enhances transcriptional activity of MEF2A, MEF2C but not MEF2D (By similarity). Interacts with SGK1 (By similarity). Interacts with PML (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminal half) with HSP90AB1-CDC37 chaperone complex in resting cells; the interaction is MAP2K5-independent and prevents MAPK7 from ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (PubMed:23428871).
messages: May not have a kinase activity. May not stimulate MEF2C activity. May function as dominant negative inhibitor of the ERK5 signaling pathway.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Plays a role in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and cell survival. The upstream activator of MAPK7 is the MAPK kinase MAP2K5. Upon activation, it translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates various downstream targets including MEF2C. EGF activates MAPK7 through a Ras-independent and MAP2K5-dependent pathway. May have a role in muscle cell differentiation. May be important for endothelial function and maintenance of blood vessel integrity. MAP2K5 and MAPK7 interact specifically with one another and not with MEK1/ERK1 or MEK2/ERK2 pathways. Phosphorylates SGK1 at Ser-78 and this is required for growth factor-induced cell cycle progression (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of p53/TP53 by disrupting the PML-MDM2 interaction (By similarity).
messages: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
messages: The second proline-rich region may interact with actin targeting the kinase to a specific location in the cell.
messages: Unable to translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

10090:Gemin8
gene id: 10090:Gemin8
uniprot id: Q8BHE1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Part of the core SMN complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8 and STRAP/UNRIP (By similarity). Part of the SMN-Sm complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8, STRAP/UNRIP and the Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN6; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN7; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with SMN1; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN4; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: The SMN complex catalyzes the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome, and thereby plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP (Sm core). In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chaperone CLNS1A that controls the assembly of the core snRNP. To assemble core snRNPs, the SMN complex accepts the trapped 5Sm proteins from CLNS1A forming an intermediate. Binding of snRNA inside 5Sm triggers eviction of the SMN complex, thereby allowing binding of SNRPD3 and SNRPB to complete assembly of the core snRNP (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed in embryonic tissues (at protein level).
messages: gem

10090:Moxd1
gene id: 10090:Moxd1
uniprot id: Q9CXI3
names: Cofactor
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the copper type II ascorbate-dependent monooxygenase family.
messages: Binds 2 copper ions per subunit.
messages: Broadly exprressed, with highest levels in salivary gland and ovary.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Ptpn12
gene id: 10090:Ptpn12
uniprot id: P35831
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 4 subfamily.
messages: Complete embryonic lethality at 9.5 to 10.5 dpc. Heterozygous mice have no obvious phenotype.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dephosphorylates a range of proteins, and thereby regulates cellular signaling cascades (PubMed:17070019). Dephosphorylates cellular tyrosine kinases, such as ERBB2 and PTK2B/PYK2, and thereby regulates signaling via ERBB2 and PTK2B/PYK2. Selectively dephosphorylates ERBB2 phosphorylated at 'Tyr-1112', 'Tyr-1196', and/or 'Tyr-1248' (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PSTPIP1 and TGFB1I1 (PubMed:10092676, PubMed:11711533). Interacts with PTK2B/PYK2 (PubMed:12674328). Interacts with LPXN (PubMed:12674328, PubMed:15786712). Interacts with SORBS2; this interaction greatly enhances WASF1 dephosphorylation and might mediate partial translocation to focal adhesion sites (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by STK24/MST3 and this results in inhibition of its activity.
messages: focal adhesion
messages: podosome

10090:Car8
gene id: 10090:Car8
uniprot id: P28651
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although it belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family, Arg-117 is present instead of the conserved His which is a zinc-binding residue. It is therefore expected that this protein lacks carbonic anhydrase activity.
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Does not have a carbonic anhydrase catalytic activity.
messages: Expressed only in Purkinje cells.

10090:Gyg
gene id: 10090:Gyg
uniprot id: Q9R062
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family. Glycogenin subfamily.
messages: Divalent metal ions. Required for self-glucosylation. Manganese is the most effective.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via C-terminus) with glycogen synthase GYS1 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with GYS2; required for GYS2-mediated glycogen synthesis (PubMed:24982189).
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Self-glucosylates, via an inter-subunit mechanism, to form an oligosaccharide primer that serves as substrate for glycogen synthase.
messages: Self-glycosylated by the transfer of glucose residues from UDP-glucose to itself, forming an alpha-1,4-glycan of around 10 residues attached to Tyr-195.
messages: Skeletal muscle, heart, to a lesser extent in kidney, lung and brain.

10090:Rps6kb1
gene id: 10090:Rps6kb1
uniprot id: Q3UXD8
uniprot id: Q8BSK8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activation requires multiple phosphorylation events on serine/threonine residues. Activation appears to be first mediated by phosphorylation of multiple sites in the autoinhibitory domain, which facilitates phosphorylation at Thr-412, disrupting the autoinhibitory mechanism and allowing phosphorylation of Thr-252 by PDPK1. The active conformation of the kinase is believed to be stabilized by a mechanism involving three conserved phosphorylation sites located in the kinase domain activation loop (Thr-252) and in the AGC-kinase C-terminal domain (Ser-394 in the middle of the tail/linker region and Thr-412 within a hydrophobic motif at its end). Activated by mTORC1; isoform Alpha I and isoform Alpha II are sensitive to rapamycin, which inhibits activating phosphorylation at Thr-412. Activated by PDPK1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. S6 kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Impairment of body growth. Lethal in combination with Rps6kb2 deficiency.
messages: Interacts with PPP1R9A/neurabin-1. Interacts with RPTOR. Interacts with IRS1. Interacts with EIF3B and EIF3C. Interacts with TRAF4. Interacts with POLDIP3. Interacts (via N-terminus) with IER5.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-412 is regulated by mTORC1. The phosphorylation at this site is maintained by an agonist-dependent autophosphorylation mechanism. Activated by phosphorylation at Thr-252 by PDPK1. Dephosphorylation by PPP1CC at Thr-412 in mitochondrion (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression (PubMed:11500364, PubMed:11493700, PubMed:15060135). Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD (PubMed:11500364, PubMed:11493700). Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex (By similarity). Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) leads to dissociation from the EIF3 complex and activation (By similarity). The active form then phosphorylates and activates several substrates in the pre-initiation complex, including the EIF2B complex and the cap-binding complex component EIF4B (By similarity). Also controls translation initiation by phosphorylating a negative regulator of EIF4A, PDCD4, targeting it for ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis (By similarity). Promotes initiation of the pioneer round of protein synthesis by phosphorylating POLDIP3/SKAR (By similarity). In response to IGF1, activates translation elongation by phosphorylating EEF2 kinase (EEF2K), which leads to its inhibition and thus activation of EEF2 (PubMed:11500364). Also plays a role in feedback regulation of mTORC2 by mTORC1 by phosphorylating RICTOR, resulting in the inhibition of mTORC2 and AKT1 signaling (By similarity). Also involved in feedback regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 by phosphorylating DEPTOR (By similarity). Mediates cell survival by phosphorylating the pro-apoptotic protein BAD and suppressing its pro-apoptotic function (PubMed:11493700). Phosphorylates mitochondrial URI1 leading to dissociation of a URI1-PPP1CC complex (By similarity). The free mitochondrial PPP1CC can then dephosphorylate RPS6KB1 at Thr-412, which is proposed to be a negative feedback m…
messages: The TOS (TOR signaling) motif is essential for activation by mTORC1.
messages: The autoinhibitory domain is believed to block phosphorylation within the AGC-kinase C-terminal domain and the activation loop.
messages: synaptosome

10090:Def8
gene id: 10090:Def8
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZW6
uniprot id: G3X9U5
uniprot id: Q99J78
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed during embryogenesis.
messages: Abundantly expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes. Highly expressed in B-cells. Also present in lymph node and appendix. Down-regulated upon macrophage/granulocyte differentiation. Weakly expressed in bone marrow and spleen. Weakly or not expressed in thymus and fetal liver.
messages: Belongs to the DEF8 family.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with PLEKHM1; this interaction is weak but increased in a RAB7A-dependent manner (PubMed:27777970).
messages: Positively regulates lysosome peripheral distribution and ruffled border formation in osteoclasts (PubMed:27777970). Involved in bone resorption (PubMed:27777970).

10090:Zfp37
gene id: 10090:Zfp37
uniprot id: P17141
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in testis and brain.
messages: May have a role in regulating spermiogenesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or6e1
gene id: 10090:Or6e1
uniprot id: Q9Z1V0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor. Activated by (-)-citronellal and to a lesser extent by (+)-citronellal. Not activated by carvone or limonene.

10090:Vmn1r165
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r165
uniprot id: D3YTY1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Comp
gene id: 10090:Comp
uniprot id: Q9R0G6
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Binds 11-14 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Each of the eight TSP type-3 repeats binds two calcium ions. The TSP C-terminal domain binds three calcium ions.
messages: Expressed in cartilage, including nasal, knee epiphyseal and rib tissues. Abundantly expressed in chondrocyte and tendon extracellular matrix (at protein level) (PubMed:32686688).
messages: In knee epiphyseal cartilage, expression is detected from 12.5 dpc onwards, with significant up-regulation at 16.5 dpc and again at postnatal day 5. Expressed at least until 10 months of age.
messages: Pentamer; disulfide-linked. Exists in a more compact conformation in the presence of calcium and shows a more extended conformation in the absence of calcium. Interacts with ITGB3, ITGA5 and FN1. Binding to FN1 requires the presence of divalent cations (Ca(2+), Mg(2+) or Mn(2+)). The greatest amount of binding is seen in the presence of Mn(2+). Interacts with MATN1, MATN3, MATN4 and ACAN. Binds heparin, heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. EDTA dimishes significantly its binding to ACAN and abolishes its binding to MATN3, MATN4 and chondroitin sulfate. Interacts with collagen I, II and IX, and interaction with these collagens is dependent on the presence of zinc ions. Interacts with ADAMTS12 (By similarity). Interacts with ITGA7 (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in the structural integrity of cartilage via its interaction with other extracellular matrix proteins such as the collagens and fibronectin (PubMed:32686688). Can mediate the interaction of chondrocytes with the cartilage extracellular matrix through interaction with cell surface integrin receptors. Could play a role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Potent suppressor of apoptosis in both primary chondrocytes and transformed cells. Suppresses apoptosis by blocking the activation of caspase-3 and by inducing the IAP family of survival proteins (BIRC3, BIRC2, BIRC5 and XIAP) (By similarity). Essential for maintaining a vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contractile/differentiated phenotype under physiological and pathological stimuli. Maintains this phenotype of VSMCs by interacting with ITGA7 (By similarity).
messages: The TSP C-terminal domain mediates interaction with FN1 and ACAN.
messages: The cell attachment motif mediates the attachment to chondrocytes. It mediates the induction of both the IAP family of survival proteins and the antiapoptotic response.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Nlrp1b
gene id: 10090:Nlrp1b
uniprot id: A1Z198
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by pathogens and other damage-associated signals: activation promotes ubiquitination and degradation of the N-terminal part, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome (By similarity). Nlrp1b inflammasome is inhibited by DPP8 and DPP9, which sequester the C-terminal fragment of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) in a ternary complex, thereby preventing Nlrp1b oligomerization and activation (By similarity). Nlrp1b inflammasome is activated by Val-boroPro (Talabostat, PT-100), an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases DPP8 and DPP9 (PubMed:31383852). Val-boroPro relieves inhibition of DPP8 and/or DPP9 by promoting disruption of the ternary complex, releasing its C-terminal part from autoinhibition (By similarity). May be activated by Toxoplasma gondii, although at a lower extent than allele 1 (PubMed:24218483). Not activated by cleavage by B.anthracis lethal toxin (LT) endopeptidase (PubMed:16429160, PubMed:21170303, PubMed:24492532, PubMed:31383852). May be activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, in a NOD2-dependent manner (PubMed:18511561).
messages: Acts as the sensor component of the Nlrp1b inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading to subsequent pyroptosis (By similarity). Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation (By similarity). Acts as a recognition receptor (PRR): recognizes specific pathogens and other damage-associated signals: in response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b is degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes to initiate the formation of the inflammasome complex: the inflammasome directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) independently of PYCARD/ASC and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to pyroptosis (By similarity). In the absence of GSDMD expression, the Nlrp1b inflammasome is able to recruit and activate CASP8, leading to activation of gasdermin-E (GSDME) (By similarity). Activation of Nlrp1b inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; the active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses (By similarity). Contrary to Nlrp1b allele 1, allele 2 is not activated by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (PubMed:16429160, PubMed:21170303, PubMed:24492532).
messages: Autocatalytically cleaved. Autocatalytic cleavage in FIIND region occurs constitutively, prior to activation signals, and is required for inflammasome activity (IL1B release), possibly by facilitating CASP1 binding. Both N- and C-terminal parts remain associated non-covalently.
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: Constitutes the active part of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, N-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b is degraded by the proteasome, releasing this form, which polymerizes to form the Nlrp1b inflammasome complex: the Nlrp1b inflammasome complex then directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, leading to gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage and subsequent pyroptosis.
messages: Constitutes the precursor of the Nlrp1b inflammasome, which mediates autoproteolytic processing within the FIIND domain to generate the N-terminal and C-terminal parts, which are associated non-covalently in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals.
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Interacts with DPP9; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome (By similarity). DPP9 acts via formation of a ternary complex, composed of a DPP9 homodimer, one full-length Nlrp1b protein, and one cleaved C-terminus of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with DPP8; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome, probably via formation of a ternary complex with DPP8 (By similarity). Interacts (via LRR repeats) with BCL2 and BCL2L1 (via the loop between motifs BH4 and BH3). Interacts with NOD2; this interaction may increase IL1B release (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction requires EIF2AK2 activity, is accompanied by EIF2AK2 autophosphorylation and promotes inflammasome assembly in response to B.anthracis lethal toxin (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV; this interaction targets Nlrp1b to degradation by autophagy, hence preventing excessive IL1B- and IL18-mediated inflammation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals.
messages: Interacts with the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, N-terminus) in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals. Homomultimer; forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome polymeric complex, a filament composed of homopolymers of this form in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals. The Nlrp1b inflammasome polymeric complex directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) independently of PYCARD/ASC. Interacts (via CARD domain) with CASP1 (via CARD domain); leading to CASP1 activation.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nlrp1b gene is extremely polymorphic. 5 alleles have been described in 18 inbred strains: 1 (AC Q2LKW6), 2 (this entry), 3 (AC Q2LKV5), 4 (AC Q2LKV2) and 5 (AC Q0GKD5). These alleles define susceptibility to B.anthracis lethal toxin (LT). Alleles 2 (carried by A/J, C57BL/6J and I/LnJ), 3 (AKR/J, NOD/LtJ and SJL/J) or 4 (DBA/2J, P/J and SM/J) are not activated by LT. Alleles 1 (carried by 129S1/SvImJ, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, CBA/J, FVB/NJ, NON/ShiLtJ, NZO (NZO/HlLtJ) and SWR/J strains) and 5 (CAST/EiJ) confer macrophage susceptibility to LT. In susceptible strains, infection by Bacillus anthracis leads to IL1B release, neutrophil recruitment and macrophage pyroptosis. This early inflammatory response confers increased resistance to infection (PubMed:16429160). The sequence shown in this entry is that of allele 2 (PubMed:16429160).
messages: Regulatory part that prevents formation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome: in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the C-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, this part is ubiquitinated by the N-end rule pathway and degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein, which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome.
messages: The C-terminal part of Nlrp1b oligomerizes to form the core of the Nlrp1b inflammasome filament: in the filament, the CARD domains form a central helical filaments that are promoted by oligomerized, but flexibly linked, UPA regions surrounding the filaments. The UPA region reduces the threshold needed for filament formation and signaling.
messages: The CARD domain is involved in the interaction with CASP1 and CASP4/CASP11.
messages: The FIIND (domain with function to find) region is involved in homomerization, but not in CASP1-binding. In allele 1, autocatalytic cleavage in this region occurs constitutively, prior to activation signals, and is required for inflammasome activity (IL1B release), possibly by facilitating CASP1 binding. Both N- and C-terminal fragments remain associated (By similarity). It is not known whether this modification occurs in allele 2 (Probable).
messages: The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain may be involved in autoinhibition in the absence of activating signal, possibly through intramolecular interaction with the NACHT domain.
messages: Three tandem Nrlp1 paralogs, Nrlp1a, Nrlp1b and Nrlp1c, have been identified. Nlrp1c is predicted to be a pseudogene.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the N-end rule pathway in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, leading to its degradation by the proteasome and subsequent release of the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome.
messages: Up-regulated transiently following acute injury of the sciatic nerve with a peak after 44 hours.
messages: Widely expressed, including in macrophages and, at lower levels, in the peripheral nervous system, including in the sciatic nerve, Schwann cells, sensory neurons and motor neurons.
messages: cytosol

10090:Plekhh2
gene id: 10090:Plekhh2
uniprot id: Q8C115
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the kidney and testis. Expressed in the kidney exclusively by glomerular podocytes.
messages: In the kidney glomerulus may play a role in linking podocyte foot processes to the glomerular basement membrane. May be involved in stabilization of F-actin by attenuating its depolymerization. Can recruit TGFB1I1 from focal adhesions to podocyte lamellipodia.
messages: Self-associates. Interacts with TGFB1I1.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Elovl6
gene id: 10090:Elovl6
uniprot id: Q920L5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ELO family. ELOVL6 subfamily.
messages: By SREBF1.
messages: Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle. Condensing enzyme that elongates fatty acids with 12, 14 and 16 carbons with higher activity toward C16:0 acyl-CoAs. Catalyzes the synthesis of unsaturated C16 long chain fatty acids and, to a lesser extent, C18:0 and those with low desaturation degree. May participate in the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in adrenal gland, liver, white adipose tissue (WAT), adult and fetal brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, testis, skin and peripheral nerve; where lipogenesis and steroidogenesis are active. Weakly expressed in kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, lung, and spleen.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Elovl6 are partially viable and surviving animals are fertile. Mutant mice appear grossly normal and slightly but significantly leaner than wild-type littermates. Hepatic concentrations of stearate (C18:0) and oleate (C18:1n-9) are lowered, whereas those of palmitate (C16:0) and palmitoleate (C16:1n7) are increased. Elovl6 deletion abrogates the development of diet-induced insulin resistance.
messages: N-Glycosylated.
messages: The reaction is stimulated by the presence of HSD17B12, the enzyme catalyzing the second step of the elongation cycle.

10090:Usp6nl
gene id: 10090:Usp6nl
uniprot id: Q80XC3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a GTPase-activating protein for RAB5A and RAB43. Involved in receptor trafficking. In complex with EPS8 inhibits internalization of EGFR. Involved in retrograde transport from the endocytic pathway to the Golgi apparatus. Involved in the transport of Shiga toxin from early and recycling endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. Required for structural integrity of the Golgi complex (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with EPS8.

10090:Ndufb11b
gene id: 10090:Ndufb11b
uniprot id: Q9CQ68
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFB11 subunit family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Atp2a3
gene id: 10090:Atp2a3
uniprot id: E9Q559
uniprot id: Q3U1K2
uniprot id: Q3U6T4
uniprot id: Q64518
uniprot id: Q8C213
uniprot id: Q8R0X5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by sarcolipin (SLN), phospholamban (PLN) and myoregulin (MRLN) (By similarity). Enhanced by DWORF; DWORF increases activity by displacing sarcolipin (SLN), phospholamban (PLN) and myoregulin (MRLN) (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with sarcolipin (SLN) (By similarity). Interacts with phospholamban (PLN) (By similarity). Interacts with myoregulin (MRLN). Interacts with DWORF (By similarity). Interacts with VMP1 (By similarity). Interacts with TUNAR; the interaction occurs at low levels in low glucose conditions and is increased by high glucose levels (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium. Transports calcium ions from the cytosol into the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum lumen. Contributes to calcium sequestration involved in muscular excitation/contraction.

10090:Parp12
gene id: 10090:Parp12
uniprot id: Q8BZ20
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Auto-mono-ADP-ribosylated.
messages: Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family.
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates mono-ADP-ribosylation of target proteins.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Odf3b
gene id: 10090:Odf3b
uniprot id: Q5M8M2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CIMAP family.
messages: flagellum

10090:Ginm1
gene id: 10090:Ginm1
uniprot id: Q91WR6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Stx1b
gene id: 10090:Stx1b
uniprot id: P61264
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the syntaxin family.
messages: Interacts with OTOF. Interacts with SYT6 and SYT8; the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2.
messages: Potentially involved in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones (By similarity). May mediate Ca(2+)-regulation of exocytosis acrosomal reaction in sperm.

10090:Afap1l1
gene id: 10090:Afap1l1
uniprot id: Q8BZI0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CTTN.
messages: May be involved in podosome and invadosome formation.
messages: invadopodium
messages: podosome
messages: stress fiber

10090:Accs
gene id: 10090:Accs
uniprot id: A2AIG8
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Does not catalyze the synthesis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate but is capable of catalyzing the deamination of L-vinylglycine.
messages: Similar to plant 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthases but lacks a number of residues which are necessary for activity.

10090:Vmn2r43
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r43
uniprot id: Q80Z08
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Scn5a
gene id: 10090:Scn5a
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1M7
uniprot id: K3W4N7
uniprot id: Q9JJV9
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family.
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family. Nav1.5/SCN5A subfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the myocardium.
messages: Interacts with the PDZ domain of the syntrophin SNTA1, SNTB1 and SNTB2 (PubMed:9412493). Interacts with NEDD4, NEDD4L, WWP2 and GPD1L (By similarity). Interacts with CALM (By similarity). Interacts with FGF13; the interaction is direct and may regulate SNC5A density at membranes and function (PubMed:21817159). Interacts with FGF12 and FGF14 (By similarity). Interacts with ANK3 (By similarity). Interacts with PKP2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lacks the cysteine which covalently binds the conotoxin GVIIJ. This cysteine (position 868) is speculated in other sodium channel subunits alpha to be implied in covalent binding with the sodium channel subunit beta-2 or beta-4.
messages: Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-1505 by PKC in a highly conserved cytoplasmic loop slows inactivation of the sodium channel and reduces peak sodium currents (By similarity). Regulated through phosphorylation by CaMK2D (PubMed:17124532).
messages: T-tubule
messages: The IQ domain mediates association with calmodulin.
messages: The sequence contains 4 internal repeats, each with 5 hydrophobic segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged segment (S4). Segments S4 are probably the voltage-sensors and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: This protein mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:11834499, PubMed:23420830). It is a tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channel isoform. This channel is responsible for the initial upstroke of the action potential. Channel inactivation is regulated by intracellular calcium levels (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes its endocytosis. Does not seem to be ubiquitinated by NEDD4 or WWP2.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ankrd46
gene id: 10090:Ankrd46
uniprot id: Q8BTZ5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm9376
gene id: 10090:Gm9376
uniprot id: G3UW68
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or5p56
gene id: 10090:Or5p56
uniprot id: Q8VGI6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Timm44
gene id: 10090:Timm44
uniprot id: O35857
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tim44 family.
messages: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner (PubMed:31618756). Recruits mitochondrial HSP70 to drive protein translocation into the matrix using ATP as an energy source (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Probable component of the PAM complex at least composed of a mitochondrial HSP70 protein, GRPEL1 or GRPEL2, TIMM44, TIMM16/PAM16 and TIMM14/DNAJC19 (By similarity). The complex interacts with the TIMM23 component of the TIM23 complex (PubMed:31618756). Interacts with SLC25A4/ANT1 and SLC25A5/ANT2; leading to inhibit the presequence translocase TIMM23, thereby promoting stabilization of PINK1 (PubMed:31618756).

10090:Dtx3l
gene id: 10090:Dtx3l
uniprot id: Q3UIR3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the Deltex family.
messages: Binding to PARP9 enhances DTX3L catalytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Developmentally regulated. Expressed prominently in the thymus and specific regions of the brain, and more weakly expressed in the gut. In adults, highly expressed in the thymus and intestine.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which, in association with ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP9, plays a role in DNA damage repair and in interferon-mediated antiviral responses. Monoubiquitinates several histones, including histone H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. In response to DNA damage, mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-91' of histone H4 (H4K91ub1). The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 'Lys-20' methylation (H4K20me). PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites. By monoubiquitinating histone H2B H2BC9/H2BJ and thereby promoting chromatin remodeling, positively regulates STAT1-dependent interferon-stimulated gene transcription and thus STAT1-mediated control of viral replication. Independently of its catalytic activity, promotes the sorting of chemokine receptor CXCR4 from early endosome to lysosome following CXCL12 stimulation by reducing E3 ligase ITCH activity and thus ITCH-mediated ubiquitination of endosomal sorting complex required for transport ESCRT-0 components HGS and STAM. In addition, required for the recruitment of HGS and STAM to early endosomes.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer. Can heterodimerize with DTX1, enhancing its ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. Interacts (via N-terminus) with ADP ribosyltransferase PARP9/BAL1 (via PARP catalytic domain) forming a stable complex; the interaction is required to activate PARP9 but is dispensable for DTX3L catalytic activity. Forms a complex with STAT1 and PARP9 independently of IFNB1 or IFNG-mediated STAT1 'Tyr-701' phosphorylation. Found in a complex with PARP9, STAT1 and H2BC9. Found in a complex with E3 ligase ITCH and ESCRT-0 components HGS and STAM. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ITCH; the interaction is increased upon CXCL12 stimulation and inhibits ITCH catalytic activity; the interaction is direct. Interacts with HGS and STAM; the interaction brings together HGS and STAM and promotes their recruitment to early endosomes.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rspo4
gene id: 10090:Rspo4
uniprot id: Q0P5Y9
uniprot id: Q8BJ73
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by acting as a ligand for LGR4-6 receptors. Upon binding to LGR4-6 (LGR4, LGR5 or LGR6), LGR4-6 associate with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. Also regulates the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway and non-canonical Wnt signaling by acting as an inhibitor of ZNRF3, an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway.
messages: Belongs to the R-spondin family.
messages: Binds heparin (By similarity). Interacts with LGR4, LGR5 and LGR6.
messages: Secreted
messages: The FU repeat is required for activation and stabilization of beta-catenin.

10090:Tcaim
gene id: 10090:Tcaim
uniprot id: Q66JZ4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes, mainly in T-lymphocytes.
messages: May regulate T-cell apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Up-regulated during induction and maintenance of graft acceptance and down-regulated during graft rejection.

10090:Muc1
gene id: 10090:Muc1
uniprot id: Q02496
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dual palmitoylation on cysteine residues in the CQC motif is required for recycling from endosomes back to the plasma membrane.
messages: Expressed in a variety of epithelial tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylation sites are annotated in first sequence repeat only. Residues at similar position are probably glycosylated in all repeats.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosines and serine residues in the C-terminal. Phosphorylation on tyrosines in the C-terminal increases the nuclear location of MUC1 and beta-catenin. Phosphorylation by PKC delta induces binding of MUC1 to beta-catenin/CTNNB1 and thus decreases the formation of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex. Src-mediated phosphorylation inhibits interaction with GSK3B. Csk- or Src- or EGFR-mediated phosphorylation on Tyr-604 increases binding to beta-catenin/CTNNB1. GSK3B-mediated phosphorylation on Ser-602 decreases this interaction but restores the formation of the beta-cadherin/E-cadherin complex. On T-cell receptor activation, phosphorylated by LCK. PDGFR-mediated phosphorylation increases nuclear colocalization of MUC1CT and CTNNB1 (By similarity).
messages: Probably both N- and extensively O-glycosylated (in repeat region).
messages: Proteolytic cleavage in the SEA domain occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum by an autoproteolytic mechanism and requires the full-length SEA domain as well as requiring a Ser, Thr or Cys residue at the P + 1 site. Ectodomain shedding is mediated by ADAM17 in uterine epithelial cells (By similarity).
messages: The alpha subunit forms a tight, non-covalent heterodimeric complex with the proteolytically-released beta-subunit. Binds directly the SH2 domain of GRB2, and forms a MUC1/GRB2/SOS1 complex involved in RAS signaling. The cytoplasmic tail (MUC1CT) interacts with several proteins such as SRC, CTNNB1 and ERBs. Interaction with the SH2 domain of CSK decreases interaction with GSK3B. Interacts with CTNNB1/beta-catenin and JUP/gamma-catenin and promotes cell adhesion. Interaction with JUP/gamma-catenin is induced by heregulin. Binds PRKCD, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4. Heregulin (HRG) stimulates the interaction with ERBB2 and, to a much lesser extent, the interaction with ERBB3 and ERBB4. Interacts with P53 in response to DNA damage. Interacts with KLF4. Interacts with estrogen receptor alpha/ESR1, through its DNA-binding domain, and stimulates its transcription activity. Binds ADAM17 (By similarity). C.jejeuni adheres to gastric epithelial MUC1 and modulates its transcription.
messages: The alpha subunit has cell adhesive properties. Can act both as an adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. May provide a protective layer on epithelial cells against bacterial and enzyme attack.
messages: The beta subunit contains a C-terminal domain which is involved in cell signaling, through phosphorylations and protein-protein interactions. Modulates signaling in ERK, Src and NF-kappaB pathways. In activated T-cells, influences directly or indirectly the Ras/MAPK pathway. Regulates P53-mediated transcription and determines cell fate in the genotoxic stress response. Binds, together with KLF4, the PE21 promoter element of P53 and represses P53 activity.

10090:Fbxo47
gene id: 10090:Fbxo47
uniprot id: A2A6H3
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex.
messages: Probably recognizes and binds to some phosphorylated proteins and promotes their ubiquitination and degradation.

10090:Ifnz
gene id: 10090:Ifnz
uniprot id: Q8BQT1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pm20d1
gene id: 10090:Pm20d1
uniprot id: Q8C165
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Genetic ablation causes tissue-specific bidirectional dysregulation of several N-acyl amino acids (PubMed:29967167, PubMed:32271712). Locomotor activity and resting energy requirements (RER) are slightly increased and decreased, respectively, in PM20D1-KO mice on chow diet, while diet-induced obesity conditions produce a marked impairment in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in these mice. They also exhibit enhanced defense of body temperature in cold, and antinociceptive behaviors selectively in response to chemical and inflammatory pain stimuli while maintaining normal thermal pain sensation and normal movement (PubMed:29967167).
messages: In addition to being detected in blood (at protein level), PM20D1 is also highly expressed in other tissues including brown adipocytes, liver and kidney (PubMed:27374330, PubMed:29967167). It is also expressed in small intestine, large intestine, heart and pancreas (PubMed:29967167).
messages: Lipoproteins are powerful coactivators of PM20D1 activity in vitro and NAA biosynthesis in vivo.
messages: Overexpression in mice blunts high fat diet-induced increase in fat mass and associated weight gain (PubMed:27374330). Free NAAs represent the biologically active form of these circulating molecules, and the circulating NAAs bioactivity is determined by plasma protein binding (PubMed:32402239).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted enzyme that regulates the endogenous N-fatty acyl amino acid (NAAs) tissue and circulating levels by functioning as a bidirectional NAA synthase/hydrolase. It condenses free fatty acids and free amino acids to generate NAAs and bidirectionally catalyzes the reverse hydrolysis reaction (PubMed:27374330, PubMed:29533650, PubMed:29967167, PubMed:32271712, PubMed:32402239) (Probable). Some of these NAAs stimulate oxidative metabolism via mitochondrial uncoupling, increasing energy expenditure in a UPC1-independent manner. Thereby, this secreted protein may indirectly regulate whole body energy expenditure (PubMed:27374330, PubMed:29967167, PubMed:32271712). PM20D1 circulates in tight association with both low- and high-density (LDL and HDL,respectively) lipoprotein particles (PubMed:32402239).
messages: Up-regulated in adipose tissue upon cold exposure.

10090:Srm
gene id: 10090:Srm
uniprot id: Q543H0
uniprot id: Q64674
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the spermidine/spermine synthase family.
messages: Catalyzes the production of spermidine from putrescine and decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dcSAM). Has a strong preference for putrescine as substrate, and has very low activity towards 1,3-diaminopropane. Has extremely low activity towards spermidine (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer or homotetramer.
messages: The activity is thought to be regulated mainly by the availability of decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine.

10090:Gm2030
gene id: 10090:Gm2030
uniprot id: D3Z7C4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Or7e165
gene id: 10090:Or7e165
uniprot id: Q7TRF6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nmrk1
gene id: 10090:Nmrk1
uniprot id: Q91W63
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the uridine kinase family. NRK subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinic acid riboside (NaR) to form nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN).
messages: Monomer.

10090:B3gat1
gene id: 10090:B3gat1
uniprot id: Q9CW73
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 43 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with SAR1A.
messages: Involved in the biosynthesis of L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope on glycoproteins. Can also play a role in glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis. Substrates include asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR), asialo-fetuin, and asialo-neural cell adhesion molecule. Requires sphingomyelin for activity: stearoyl-sphingomyelin was the most effective, followed by palmitoyl-sphingomyelin and lignoceroyl-sphingomyelin. Activity was demonstrated only for sphingomyelin with a saturated fatty acid and not for that with an unsaturated fatty acid, regardless of the length of the acyl group.
messages: Secreted
messages: The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.

10090:Tsga10
gene id: 10090:Tsga10
uniprot id: Q6NY15
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CEP135/TSGA10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First detected at 7.5 dpc (PubMed:16643851). Tends to be expressed weakly during the early stages of embryogenesis. Expression increases over time in different growing and differentiating tissues, including brain (11.5 dpc), vertebrae (14.5 dpc), primordia of vibrissae follicle (15.5 dpc), intestinal sub-endothelium (16.5 dpc), pancreas (16.5 dpc), eyeball (16.5 dpc), liver (16.5 dpc), telencephalon (18.5 dpc) (PubMed:16643851). In the developing neural tube at 8.5-9.0 dpc, preferentially expressed in cells with one or more neuronal extensions (PubMed:16643851). During spermatogenesis, weakly detected in primary spermatocytes, but expression increases, reaching strong levels in elongated spermatids (stage V) and mature sperm (at protein level) (PubMed:16643851).
messages: Interacts with HIF1A.
messages: Plays a role in spermatogenesis (PubMed:14585816). When overexpressed, prevents nuclear localization of HIF1A (PubMed:16777103).
messages: Predominantly expressed in testis, in spermatozoa (at protein level) (PubMed:14585816, PubMed:16643851). Not detected in Leydig cells (PubMed:16643851). The N-terminal 27-kDa fragment is also detected in liver, while the C-terminal 55-kDa fragment is also found retina, brain and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:16643851).
messages: Processed into N-terminal 27-kDa and C-terminal 55-kDa fragments.
messages: centriole

10090:Dipk2a
gene id: 10090:Dipk2a
uniprot id: Q3USZ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As early as 12.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc, intense expression is restricted to mesenchymal condensations, which form the different cartilage elements of the developing skeleton. At 12.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all vertebrae, heart ventricle, dental follicle, interdigital tissue, tongue and cartilages of the basioccipital bone, maxilla, mandible and the region of the future nasal septum. At 14.5 and 16.5 dpc, expressed in ribs, long bones, interdigital tissue, metatarsals, dental follicle, cartilages of the mandible and nasal septum as well as vertebrae with stronger expression in posterior vertebrae. At 16.5 dpc, also expressed in paw bones and, in vertebrae, the expression is limited to mainly columnar, proliferating chondrocytes. At 4 days postnatal, intense expression in nasal cartilages, hair, dental and vibrissa follicles.
messages: Belongs to the DIPK family.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, thymus, testis, ovary and muscle.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: May play a role in cardiomyocyte proliferation through paracrine signaling and activation of the PI3-kinase signaling cascade.
messages: Secreted

10090:Paip1
gene id: 10090:Paip1
uniprot id: Q8VE62
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a coactivator in the regulation of translation initiation of poly(A)-containing mRNAs. Its stimulatory activity on translation is mediated via its action on PABPC1. Competes with PAIP2 for binding to PABPC1. Its association with EIF4A and PABPC1 may potentiate contacts between mRNA termini. May also be involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the RRM1-RRM2 and C-terminus regions of PABPC1 in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with EIF4A (By similarity).
messages: Only the PABPC1-interacting motif-1 (PAM1) stimulates translation initiation.

10090:Sgca
gene id: 10090:Sgca
uniprot id: P82350
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sarcoglycan alpha/epsilon family.
messages: Component of the sarcoglycan complex, a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex which forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.
messages: Cross-link to form 2 major subcomplexes: one consisting of SGCB, SGCD and SGCG and the other consisting of SGCB and SGCD. The association between SGCB and SGCG is particularly strong while SGCA is loosely associated with the other sarcoglycans. Interacts with the syntrophin SNTA1.
messages: In the embryo, expression begins at day 14 and coincides with the onset of primary myogenesis.
messages: Striated muscle, both skeletal and cardiac.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Kansl1l
gene id: 10090:Kansl1l
uniprot id: Q5DTI6
names: PTM
messages: Acetylated on lysine residues by KAT8 upon ionizing radiation-induced DNA damage; deacetylated by HDAC3.

10090:Iho1
gene id: 10090:Iho1
uniprot id: Q6PDM4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Detected in spermatocytes and testis (at protein level) (PubMed:27723721).
messages: Interacts with HORMAD1 (PubMed:27723721). Interacts with REC114 (PubMed:27723721). Part of the MCD recombinosome complex, at least composed of IHO1, REC114 and MEI4 (PubMed:27723721). Interacts with ANKRD31 (PubMed:31000436).
messages: Meiosis-specific.
messages: Mice develop normally without obvious somatic defects but males and females are sterile due to defects in homologous synapsis (PubMed:27723721). Oocytes are depleted in six-week-old females and spermatocytes in males undergo apoptosis at a stage equivalent to wild-type mid-pachytene (PubMed:27723721). Complete synapsis is never observed and incomplete synaptonemal complexes are detected in meiocytes equivalent to late-zygotene and pachytene (PubMed:27723721).
messages: Required for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) formation in unsynapsed regions during meiotic recombination (PubMed:27723721). Probably acts by forming a complex with MEI4 and REC114, which activates DSBs formation in unsynapsed regions, an essential step to ensure completion of synapsis (PubMed:27723721). Not required for HORMAD1 functions in pairing-independent synaptonemal complex formation, ATR recruitment to unsynapsed axes, meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC) or meiotic surveillance (PubMed:27723721).

10090:Grb2
gene id: 10090:Grb2
uniprot id: Q3U1Q4
uniprot id: Q3U5I5
uniprot id: Q60631
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface growth factor receptors and the Ras signaling pathway.
messages: Associates (via SH2 domain) with activated EGF and PDGF receptors (tyrosine phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with PDGFRA (tyrosine phosphorylated); the interaction may be indirect (PubMed:8943348). Interacts with IRS4 (when Tyr-phosphorylated) (PubMed:11113178). Also associates to other cellular Tyr-phosphorylated proteins such as SIT1, IRS1, SHC and LNK; probably via the concerted action of both its SH2 and SH3 domains (By similarity). It also seems to interact with RAS in the signaling pathway leading to DNA synthesis. Interacts with SOS1 (By similarity). Forms a complex with MUC1 and SOS1, through interaction of the SH3 domains with SOS1 and the SH2 domain with phosphorylated MUC1 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated MET (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated TOM1L1 (PubMed:11711534). Interacts with the phosphorylated C-terminus of SH2B2 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated SIT1, LAX1, LAT, LAT2 and LIME1 upon TCR and/or BCR activation (By similarity) (PubMed:16249387, PubMed:14610044, PubMed:15477350, PubMed:15477348, PubMed:22561606). Interacts with NISCH, PTPNS1 and REPS2 (By similarity). Interacts with syntrophin SNTA1 (PubMed:11551227). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with REPS1 (PubMed:9395447). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with PIK3C2B (By similarity). Interacts with CBL and CBLB (By similarity). Interacts with AJUBA and CLNK (PubMed:10330178, PubMed:11463797). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with TEK/TIE2 (tyrosine phosphorylated) (PubMed:10521483). Interacts with SHB, INPP5D/SHIP1, SKAP1 and SKAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PTPN11 (PubMed:8943348). Interacts with PRNP (PubMed:11571277). Interacts with RALGPS1 (By similarity). Interacts also with HCST (PubMed:16582911). Interacts with KDR (PubMed:16966330). Interacts with FLT1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated) (PubMed:9722576). Interacts with GAPT and PTPRE (By similarity). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with KIF26A (By similarity). Interacts (via SH3 2) with GAB2 (PubMed:10068651). I…
messages: Belongs to the GRB2/sem-5/DRK family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Does not bind to phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but inhibits EGF-induced transactivation of a RAS-responsive element. Acts as a dominant negative protein over GRB2 and by suppressing proliferative signals, may trigger active programmed cell death.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in macrophages.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SH3 domains mediate interaction with RALGPS1 and SHB.

10090:Baalc
gene id: 10090:Baalc
uniprot id: Q8VHV1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At the mRNA level, predominantly expressed in the brain (PubMed:11707601). At the protein level, mainly expressed in muscle tissues. In skeletal muscles, expressed in cranial and facial muscles, muscles of the neck, back, thoracic wall, and thigh. Also found in the contractile myoepithelial cell layer of salivary glands. In smooth muscles, expressed in the gastric wall, uterus, urinary bladder, as well as in the muscular lining around seminiferous tubules, prostatic ducts, epididymis, vas deferens, walls of small blood vessels in the dermis, and fascial layers between muscle fibers, brain, and around the spinal cord. Strongly expressed in myocardium. High expression levels are observed in placental spongiotrophoblast and adjacent myometrium. Also expressed in bone marrow hematopoietic cells. In the mature thymus, expressed in rare scattered cells. Weakly expressed in the brain neuropil, particularly near the hippocampus, and spinal cord white matter. Not detected in skin keratinocytes or lung (at protein level) (PubMed:15749074).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryonic development, prominently expressed in muscle tissues, including myocardium, skeletal and smooth muscles, and weakly in the developing central nervous system (only in the neuropil). At 9 dpc, expressed in the wall and trabeculae of the developing heart tube, in the caudal end of the midline dorsal aorta, and a focal area of the mesenchyme around the developing brain. Weakly expressed in marginal and ependymal layers of the early neural tube. At 11-12.5 dpc, expression persists in the myocardium. Scattered signal in the mesoderm on either side of the developing neural tube. Also found in the region of dermatomyotomes. Appears to be associated with the early pre-muscle mesoderm and later with myoblasts and myocytes of the paravertebral, back, body wall and limb muscles. At 13-15 dpc, besides the myocardium, expression is seen in the skeletal muscles of the limbs, intercostal muscles, and the diaphragm, as well as in the developing muscle layer in the wall of the few intestinal coils present in the abdominal cavity. Also found in various components of the mesenchymal precartilage forming the framework of the cranium and the face, notably, the base of the skull, frontonasal process and parts of the primitive maxillary and mandibular processes. Around 13 dpc, detected in the brain lateral ventricles and the roof of the fourth ventricle. At 15 dpc, scattered groups of positive cells are observed in the liver, around the venous sinuses. Weakly expressed in the brain and spinal cord white matter. Prominent membrane expression in the choroid plexus and meninges. At 15-18 dpc, transiently expressed in the layers of ectodermal cells covering the embryo and in immature cells of the lung buds. From 16 dpc to postnatal day 2, no change in the basic pattern of expression (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CAMK2A.
messages: May play a synaptic role at the postsynaptic lipid rafts possibly through interaction with CAMK2A.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Palmitoylation and myristoylation target the protein to the lipid rafts.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: synaptosome

10090:Foxj2
gene id: 10090:Foxj2
uniprot id: Q9ES18
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed both maternally and zygotically. Zygotic expression first begins in 8-cell stage embryos, with expression increasing in blastocysts. In embryos, both cell layers of the blastocyst: the trophectoderm (TE) and the inner cell mass (ICM) show expression.
messages: Male germ-cell-specific conditional knockout results in complete male infertility and meiotic arrest in spermatocytes. Spermatocytes show aberrant chromosomal synapsis and DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) repair and significantly reduced expression of DSB repair-associated genes and meiotic arrest-related genes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Spermtaocytes (at protein level). Expressed in adult brain, heart skeletal muscle, lung, kidney and gonads. Liver, small intestine, and spleen also show expression but at lower levels. In the testis, expressed from pachytene spermatocytes to round spermatids, but not in spermatogonia. In addition to the germ lineage, also expressed in Sertoli cells of the testis. In the ovary, only granulosa cells of the follicles show expression. In the brain, expressed in the piriform cortex, hippocampus, habenula and in the granula cell layer in the cerebellum.
messages: Transcriptional activator. Able to bind to two different type of DNA binding sites (By similarity). Plays an important role in spermatogenesis, especially in spermatocyte meiosis (PubMed:11025217, PubMed:15489334).

10090:Or51v8
gene id: 10090:Or51v8
uniprot id: F8VQI7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nudt12
gene id: 10090:Nudt12
uniprot id: Q9DCN1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. NudC subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 3 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed abundantly in the liver and kidney.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:31101919). Homodimerization is essential for its catalytic activity and protein stability (By similarity). Interacts (via ANK repeats) with BLMH (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome
messages: mRNA decapping enzyme that specifically removes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) cap from a subset of mRNAs by hydrolyzing the diphosphate linkage to produce nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and 5' monophosphate mRNA (PubMed:31101919, PubMed:32432673). The NAD-cap is present at the 5'-end of some RNAs; in contrast to the canonical N7 methylguanosine (m7G) cap, the NAD cap promotes mRNA decay (PubMed:31101919). Preferentially acts on NAD-capped transcripts in response to nutrient stress (PubMed:31101919). Also acts on free nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide molecules: hydrolyzes NAD(H) into NMN(H) and AMP, and NADPH into NMNH and 2',5'-ADP (By similarity). May act to regulate the concentration of peroxisomal nicotinamide nucleotide cofactors required for oxidative metabolism in this organelle (By similarity). Regulates the levels of circadian clock components PER1, PER2, PER3 and CRY2 in the liver (PubMed:31875550).

10090:Sppl2a
gene id: 10090:Sppl2a
uniprot id: Q9JJF9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A22B family.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with ITM2B.
messages: Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. Functions in FASLG, ITM2B and TNF processing. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the anchored fragment of shed TNF-alpha (TNF), which promotes the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) for signaling to the nucleus. Also responsible for the intramembrane cleavage of Fas antigen ligand FASLG, which promotes the release of the intracellular FasL domain (FasL ICD). Essential for degradation of the invariant chain CD74 that plays a central role in the function of antigen-presenting cells in the immune system. Plays a role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity.
messages: Knockout mice increase susceptibility to mycobacterial infection after BCG administration compared to wild-type mice. Mutant animals have decreased numbers of DC2 dendritic cells (cDC2), a smaller sized IFNG+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cell fraction, and decreased production of IFNG by splenocytes compared to wild-type animals. They also have profound B cell deficiency due to CD74 NTF accumulation. The protein is required for optimal IFNG production by T cells after mycobacterial infection (PubMed:30127434). Mutant mice confirm depletion of conventional cDC2 cells in lymphatic tissues of null mice. Detailed studies of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells exposed to mycobacteria show enhanced secretion of Il1b, where production of Il10 and Ifnb1 is reduced. There are also some alterations in stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PubMed:33239420).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: The PAL motif is required for normal active site conformation. The catalytic domains embedded in the membrane are in the opposite orientation to that of the presenilin protein family; therefore, it is predicted to cleave type II-oriented substrate peptides like the prototypic protease SPP (By similarity). The C-terminal tail is necessary for lysosomal transport (PubMed:21896273).

10090:Tsc22d1
gene id: 10090:Tsc22d1
uniprot id: D3YW86
uniprot id: D3Z0V7
uniprot id: E9QLZ1
uniprot id: H3BLI9
uniprot id: P62500
uniprot id: Q3UXU0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TSC-22/Dip/Bun family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in bone marrow cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19329776). Expressed in T-cells (PubMed:26752201). Expressed in the brain (PubMed:19329776).
messages: Expressed in the myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland ducts and alveoli, expression is consistent throughout pregnancy, lactation and involution (at protein level) (PubMed:19745830). Expressed in the cortex, medulla and papilla of the kidney (PubMed:17147695).
messages: Expressed in the myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland, expression significantly increases in the secretory luminal epithelium of the mammary gland at the initiation of involution, with levels decreasing from day 3 of involution onwards (at protein level) (PubMed:19745830). Expressed in the cortex, medulla and papilla of the kidney (PubMed:17147695).
messages: Forms a heterodimer with TSC22D4/THG1 (By similarity). Interacts with histone H1-2 (By similarity). Interacts with GNL3 (By similarity).
messages: Forms a heterodimer with TSC22D4/THG1.
messages: Forms homodimers (PubMed:12468551). Forms heterodimers (By similarity). Component of a complex composed of TSC22D1 (via N-terminus), TGFBR1 and TGFBR2; the interaction between TSC22D1 and TGFBR1 is inhibited by SMAD7 and promoted by TGFB1 (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD7; the interaction requires TGF-beta and the interaction is inhibited by TGFBR1 (By similarity). Interacts with TPT1/fortilin; interaction results in the destabilization of TSC22D1 protein and prevents TSC22D1-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD4 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with ACVRL1/ALK1, ACVR1/ALK2, BMPR1A/ALK3, ACVR1B/ALK4, BMPR1B/ALK6, ACVR2A/ACTRII, and BMPR2 (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD6 (By similarity). Interacts with TFE3; the interaction is enhanced in the presence of TGF-beta (PubMed:20713358).
messages: Increase in DNA synthesis in hematopoietic precursor cells from bone marrow, these cells have a greater ability to proliferate and repopulate an irradiated recipient.
messages: Induced by Tgfb1, Pparg and other growth factors (PubMed:1587811, PubMed:12468551). Induced by Tgfb3 in mammary gland cells (PubMed:19745830). Induced by TGF-beta via up-regulation of Ybx1 regulator miR-216a which decreases Ybx1 abundance and binding of Ybx1 to Tsc22d1 transcripts, thereby increasing Tsc22d1 translation (PubMed:20713358). Induced in the glomeruli of a diabetic mouse model (PubMed:20713358).
messages: May act to negatively regulate TGFB3 signaling and thereby inhibit cell death in mammary gland cells.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Positively regulates cell death in response to TGFB3 during mammary gland involution.
messages: Transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Acts on the C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) promoter (By similarity). Acts to promote CASP3-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Positively regulates TGF-beta signaling by interacting with SMAD7 which inhibits binding of SMAD7 to TGFBR1, preventing recruitment of SMURF ubiquitin ligases to TGFBR1 and inhibiting SMURF-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of TGFBR1 (By similarity). Contributes to enhancement of TGF-beta signaling by binding to and modulating the transcription activator activity of SMAD4 (By similarity). Promotes TGF-beta-induced transcription of COL1A2; via its interaction with TFE3 at E-boxes in the gene proximal promoter (PubMed:20713358). Plays a role in the repression of hematopoietic precursor cell growth (PubMed:19329776). Promotes IL2 deprivation-induced apoptosis in T-lymphocytes, via repression of TSC22D3/GILZ transcription and activation of the caspase cascade (PubMed:26752201).

10090:Txndc16
gene id: 10090:Txndc16
uniprot id: Q7TN22
names: Domain
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Contains a masked and non-functional KDEL endoplasmic reticulum retrieval motif.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rce1
gene id: 10090:Rce1
uniprot id: P57791
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase U48 family.
messages: Deubiquitination by USP17L2/USP17 negatively regulates the proteolytic activity toward Ras GTPases.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mice show defective Ras processing and mislocalization of Ras within cells.
messages: Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated and geranylated proteins. Seems to be able to process K-Ras, N-Ras, H-Ras, RAP1B and G-gamma-1 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated. Undergoes 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination. 'Lys-48' ubiquitination induces its degradation. Deubiquitinated by USP17L2/USP17 that cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains (By similarity).

10090:Rufy2
gene id: 10090:Rufy2
uniprot id: Q8R4C2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expressed only at embryonic stages. Present at 12 dpc in primordial lung, cartilage and otic capsule (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with BMX.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp579
gene id: 10090:Zfp579
uniprot id: Q80VM4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Serpinb1a
gene id: 10090:Serpinb1a
uniprot id: Q9D154
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytolytic granule
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Monomer. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CASP1 and CASP4 (via CARD domain); these interactions regulate the activity of inflammatory caspases.
messages: Mutant mice do not differ from wild-type in growth, litter size or life span when maintained in a specific pathogen-free environement (PubMed:17664292). However, they have increased mortality in association with late-onset failed bacterial clearance, and specifically increased neutrophil death (PubMed:17664292, PubMed:30692621). Mutant mice also show a severe defect in the bone marrow reserve of mature neutrophils demonstrating a key role for in cellular homeostasis (PubMed:21683252, PubMed:21248149). In addition, Serpinb1a-deficiency leads to maladaptive beta-cell proliferation in insulin-resistant states (PubMed:26701651).
messages: Neutrophil serine protease inhibitor that plays an essential role in the regulation of the innate immune response, inflammation and cellular homeostasis (PubMed:17664292, PubMed:21683252, PubMed:21248149, PubMed:30692621). Acts primarily to protect the cell from proteases released in the cytoplasm during stress or infection (PubMed:17664292). These proteases are important in killing microbes but when released from granules, these potent enzymes also destroy host proteins and contribute to mortality. Regulates the activity of the neutrophil proteases elastase, cathepsin G, proteinase-3, chymase, chymotrypsin, and kallikrein-3. Acts also as a potent intracellular inhibitor of granzyme H (PubMed:12189154). During inflammation, limits the activity of inflammatory caspases CASP1 and CASP4 by suppressing their caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) oligomerization and enzymatic activation (PubMed:30692621). In addition, promotes the proliferation of beta-cells when secreted (PubMed:26701651).
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitous with higher expression in pancreas, spleen and bone marrow.

10090:Cmas
gene id: 10090:Cmas
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B4
uniprot id: Q99KK2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CMP-NeuNAc synthase family.
messages: Catalyzes the activation of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) to cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc), a substrate required for the addition of sialic acid. Has some activity toward NeuNAc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) or 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN).
messages: Highly expressed in brain and heart, and at intermediate level muscle and liver.
messages: Homotetramer; the active enzyme is formed by a dimer of dimers.
messages: Inactive.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The BC2 (basic cluster 2) motif is necessary and sufficient for the nuclear localization and contains the catalytic active site. The localization in the nucleus is however not required for the enzyme activity.

10090:Dock9
gene id: 10090:Dock9
uniprot id: A0A1D5RLE0
uniprot id: A0A1D5RMM1
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPL9
uniprot id: E9QMR2
uniprot id: F8VPN7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DOCK family.

10090:Vmn1r234
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r234
uniprot id: Q8R298
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Galnt3
gene id: 10090:Galnt3
uniprot id: P70419
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor (PubMed:8912633). Has activity toward HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 (By similarity). Has activity towards EA2, MUC2 and MUC5 (PubMed:8912633). Probably glycosylates fibronectin in vivo (By similarity). Glycosylates FGF23 (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the reproductive tract, principally in the testis and uterus, and to a lesser degree in the cervix with only trace levels in the ovary. Also expressed at high level in sublingual gland, stomach and colon, with more moderate amounts present in the submandibular and parotid gland as well as the kidney.
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity (By similarity). Essential for glycosylation of FGF23 (By similarity).
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Bspry
gene id: 10090:Bspry
uniprot id: Q80YW5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:10978534, testis-specific. According to PubMed:16371431, broadly expressed.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated by vitamin D.
messages: Expression starts at 19 dpc in brain.
messages: Interacts with YWHAZ/14-3-3 protein zeta (By similarity). Interacts with TRPV5 and TRPV6.
messages: May regulate epithelial calcium transport by inhibiting TRPV5 activity.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cul5
gene id: 10090:Cul5
uniprot id: E9Q6Z0
uniprot id: G3X914
uniprot id: Q2M4H5
uniprot id: Q9D5V5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cullin family.
messages: Component of multiple ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes formed of CUL5, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX2 and a variable SOCS box domain-containing protein as substrate-specific recognition component. Component of the probable ECS(LRRC41) complex with the substrate recognition component LRRC41. Component of the probable ECS(SOCS1) complex with the substrate recognition component SOCS1. Component of the probable ECS(WSB1) complex with the substrate recognition subunit WSB1. Component of the probable ECS(SOCS3) complex with the substrate recognition component SOCS3. Component of the probable ECS(SPSB1) complex with the substrate recognition component SPSB1. Component of the probable ECS(SPSB2) complex with the substrate recognition component SPSB2. Component of the probable ECS(SPSB4) complex with the substrate recognition component SPSB4. Component of the probable ECS(RAB40C) complex with the substrate recognition subunit RAB40C. Component of the probable ECS(KLHDC1) complex with the substrate recognition component KLHDC1. May also form complexes containing CUL5, elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and ELOA. May also form complexes containing CUL5, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and VHL. Interacts with RNF7/RBX2, LRRC41, SOCS3, SPSB1, SPSB2, SPSB4 and RAB40C. Interacts with ASB1, ASB2, ASB6, ASB7 and ASB12. Interacts (when neddylated) with ARIH2; leading to activate the E3 ligase activity of ARIH1. Interacts with NOS2 in the presence of SPSB1 or SPSB2 or SPSB4. Interacts with ERCC6; the interaction is induced by DNA damaging agents or inhibitors of RNA polymerase II elongation. Interacts with ELOA (via the BC-box). Interacts (unneddylated form) with DCUN1D1, DCUN1D2, DCUN1D3, DCUN1D4 and DCUN1D5; these interactions promote the cullin neddylation. Component of the probable ECS(PCMTD1) complex with the substrate recognition subunit PCMTD1.
messages: Core component of multiple SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin 2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:23806657). As a scaffold protein may contribute to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme. The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition component. ECS(SOCS1) seems to direct ubiquitination of JAK2. ECS(KLHDC1) complex is part of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway and mediates ubiquitination and degradation of truncated SELENOS selenoprotein produced by failed UGA/Sec decoding, which ends with a glycine. As part of a multisubunit complex composed of elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), elongin A/ELOA, RBX1 and CUL5; polyubiquitinates monoubiquitinated POLR2A. May form a cell surface vasopressin receptor (By similarity).
messages: Neddylated; which enhances the ubiquitination activity of SCF and prevents binding of the inhibitor CAND1. Deneddylated via its interaction with the COP9 signalosome (CSN).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mup19
gene id: 10090:Mup19
uniprot id: A2CGB6
uniprot id: A9C496
uniprot id: P02762
names: Allergen
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in the urine of adult male mice but absent from that of females.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Binds pheromones that are released from drying urine of males. These pheromones affect the sexual behavior of females.
messages: Causes an allergic reaction in human.
messages: Secreted
messages: There are about 15 group 1 MUP genes and their transcripts make up about 5% of male mouse liver RNA.

10090:Chl1
gene id: 10090:Chl1
uniprot id: P70232
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage by metalloprotease ADAM8 in the extracellular part generates 2 soluble forms (125 kDa and 165 kDa) in vitro and is inhibited by metalloprotease inhibitors. In brain extracts, these two soluble forms are also present and are dramatically reduced in mice lacking ADAM8 (PubMed:14761956). Cleaved by BACE1 (PubMed:29325091).
messages: Expressed in the brain, in the cerebellum and in the spinal cord. Detected in the retina and the optic nerve. Expressed in neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system and by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.
messages: Extracellular matrix and cell adhesion protein that plays a role in nervous system development and in synaptic plasticity. Both soluble and membranous forms promote neurite outgrowth of cerebellar and hippocampal neurons and suppress neuronal cell death. Plays a role in neuronal positioning of pyramidal neurons as well as in regulation of both the number of interneurons and the efficacy of GABAergic synapses. May play a role in regulating cell migration in nerve regeneration and cortical development. Potentiates integrin-dependent cell migration towards extracellular matrix proteins. Recruits ANK3 to the plasma membrane.
messages: May interact with L1CAM. May interact with ITGB1/ITGA1 heterodimer and ITGB1/ITGA2 heterodimer as well as with ANK3.
messages: Mice exhibit misguided axonal projections and aberrant axonal connectivity. They show alterations of hippocampal fiber organization and olfactory axon projections. Their exploratory behavior in novel environments is altered suggesting deficits in information processing and in attention. They also display signs of decreased stress and are more sociable and less aggressive. Heterozygous mice exhibit half levels of CHL1 expression in the hippocampus compared to their wild-type littermates, reflecting a gene dosage effect.
messages: N-glycosylated. Contains N-linked oligosaccharides with a sulfated carbohydrate structure type HNK-1 (SO4-3-GlcUABeta1,3GalBeta1,4GlcNAc).
messages: Not detectable in the forebrain at 11 dpc, weakly detectable at 13 dpc with highest detection at 18 dpc to postnatal day 7. Down-regulated at postnatal day 15 and further reduced in four-week-old animals.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: The DGEA motif seems to be a recognition site for integrin.
messages: The FIG[AQ]Y motif seems to be an ankyrin recruitment region.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Mlst8
gene id: 10090:Mlst8
uniprot id: A0A3Q4EC26
uniprot id: Q9DCJ1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat LST8 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death around 10.5 dpc due to multiple defects in vascular system development. In addition, they exhibit a delayed development of their cephalic region.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Part of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) which contains MTOR, MLST8, RPTOR, AKT1S1/PRAS40 and DEPTOR. mTORC1 binds to and is inhibited by FKBP12-rapamycin. Part of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) which contains MTOR, MLST8, PRR5, RICTOR, MAPKAP1 and DEPTOR. Contrary to mTORC1, mTORC2 does not bind to and is not sensitive to FKBP12-rapamycin. Interacts directly with MTOR and RPTOR. Interacts with RHEB. Interacts with MEAK7. Interacts with SIK3.
messages: Part of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) which contains MTOR, MLST8 and RPTOR. mTORC1 associates with AKT1S1/PRAS40, which inhibits its activity. mTORC1 binds to and is inhibited by FKBP12-rapamycin. Within mTORC1, interacts directly with MTOR and RPTOR. Part of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) which contains MTOR, MLST8, PRR5, RICTOR, MAPKAP1 and DEPTOR. Contrary to mTORC1, mTORC2 does not bind to and is not sensitive to FKBP12-rapamycin. mTORC1 and mTORC2 associate with DEPTOR, which regulates its activity. Interacts with RHEB. Interacts with MEAK7. Interacts with SIK3. Interacts with SLC38A7; this interaction promotes the recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosome and its subsequent activation.
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-51 by CDK1 promotes ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXW7) complex, followed by degradation.
messages: Subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals (PubMed:17141160). mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino acids (By similarity). In response to nutrients, mTORC1 is recruited to the lysosome membrane and promotes protein, lipid and nucleotide synthesis by phosphorylating several substrates, such as ribosomal protein S6 kinase (RPS6KB1 and RPS6KB2) and EIF4EBP1 (4E-BP1) (By similarity). In the same time, it inhibits catabolic pathways by phosphorylating the autophagy initiation components ULK1 and ATG13, as well as transcription factor TFEB, a master regulators of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy (By similarity). The mTORC1 complex is inhibited in response to starvation and amino acid depletion (By similarity). Within mTORC1, LST8 interacts directly with MTOR and enhances its kinase activity (By similarity). In nutrient-poor conditions, stabilizes the MTOR-RPTOR interaction and favors RPTOR-mediated inhibition of MTOR activity (By similarity). mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive (By similarity). mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors (By similarity). mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin (By similarity). mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 'Ser-473' phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation (By similarity). mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422' (By similarity). mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA on 'Ser-657' (By similarity).
messages: Subunit of both mTORC1 and mTORC2, which regulates cell growth and survival in response to nutrient and hormonal signals. mTORC1 is activated in response to growth factors or amino acids. Growth factor-stimulated mTORC1 activation involves a AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of TSC1-TSC2, which leads to the activation of the RHEB GTPase that potently activates the protein kinase activity of mTORC1. Amino acid-signaling to mTORC1 requires its relocalization to the lysosomes mediated by the Ragulator complex and the Rag GTPases. Activated mTORC1 up-regulates protein synthesis by phosphorylating key regulators of mRNA translation and ribosome synthesis. mTORC1 phosphorylates EIF4EBP1 and releases it from inhibiting the elongation initiation factor 4E (eiF4E). mTORC1 phosphorylates and activates S6K1, which then promotes protein synthesis by phosphorylating PDCD4 and targeting it for degradation. Within mTORC1, LST8 interacts directly with MTOR and enhances its kinase activity. In nutrient-poor conditions, stabilizes the MTOR-RPTOR interaction and favors RPTOR-mediated inhibition of MTOR activity. mTORC2 is also activated by growth factors, but seems to be nutrient-insensitive. mTORC2 seems to function upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 phosphorylation, which may facilitate the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 by PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 regulates the phosphorylation of SGK1. mTORC2 also modulates the phosphorylation of PRKCA.
messages: Ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXW7) and SCF(FBXW11) complexes following phosphorylation at Thr-51 by CDK1, leads to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Hmgb4
gene id: 10090:Hmgb4
uniprot id: Q6P8W9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMGB family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in adult germ cells (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly expressed in adult germ cells and weakly expressed embryonic gonads (PubMed:25609838). In meiotic germ cells, begins to accumulate during the leptotene stage, before its concentration increases further during the pachytene and diplotene stages, where it localizes to the sex body (PubMed:25609838).

10090:Tex13a
gene id: 10090:Tex13a
uniprot id: A2AFS9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TEX13 family.

10090:Dlg4
gene id: 10090:Dlg4
uniprot id: Q62108
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in CA1 stratum oriens and stratum radiatum hippocampal neurons (PubMed:26931375). Expressed in the outer plexiform layer of the retina of the eye (at protein level) (PubMed:28334377).
messages: Interacts through its PDZ domains with ANO2 and NETO1 (PubMed:19474308, PubMed:19243221). Interacts with KCNJ4 (By similarity). Interacts through its first two PDZ domains with GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C, GRIN2D (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA3 and KCNA4 (By similarity). Interacts with SYNGAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ASIC3 (By similarity). Interacts with CXADR (By similarity). Interacts with KCND2 (By similarity). Interacts with SEMA4C (PubMed:11134026). Interacts with LRRC4 and LRRC4B (PubMed:16980967). Interacts through its first PDZ domain with GRIK2 and CRIPT (By similarity). Interacts through its second PDZ domain with the PDZ domain of NOS1 or the C-terminus of CAPON (By similarity). Interacts through its third PDZ domain with NLGN1 and CRIPT, and probably with NLGN2 and NLGN3 (By similarity). Interacts through its guanylate kinase-like domain with DLGAP1/GKAP, DLGAP2, DLGAP3, DLGAP4, MAP1A, BEGAIN, SIPA1L1 and KIF13B (By similarity). Isoform 2 interacts through an L27 domain with HGS/HRS and the first L27 domain of CASK (By similarity). Interacts with ADR1B (PubMed:15358775). Interacts with ANKS1B and PRR7 (By similarity). May interact with HTR2A (PubMed:14988405). Interacts with ADAM22, KLHL17 and LGI1 (PubMed:20089912) (By similarity). Interacts with FRMPD4 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with LRFN1, LRFN2 and LRFN4 (PubMed:16828986). Interacts (via N-terminal tandem pair of PDZ domains) with GPER1 (via C-terminus tail motif); the interaction is direct and induces the increase of GPER1 protein levels residing at the plasma membrane surface in a estradiol-independent manner (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus tandem pair of PDZ domains) with NOS1 (via N-terminal domain) (By similarity). Interacts with SHANK3 (PubMed:24153177). Interacts with KCNJ4 (PubMed:11997254). Interacts with GPR85 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNG2 and MPP2 (via the SH3-Guanylate kinase-like sub-module)…
messages: Mice with a stop codon in the third PDZ domain have impaired spatial learning. NMDA-mediated synaptic plasticity is lost even though receptor levels and localization are unchanged. Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission is enhanced due to minimal long-term depression.
messages: Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation is required for targeting to postsynaptic density, plasma membrane and synapses. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC2 occurs when the synaptic activity decreases and induces DLG4 synaptic clustering. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC15 regulates trafficking to the postsynaptic density and function in synaptogenesis. Palmitoylation may play a role in glutamate receptor GRIA1 synapse clustering. Depalmitoylated by ABHD17A and ABHD17B and to a lesser extent by ABHD17C, ABHD12, ABHD13, LYPLA1 and LYPLA2. Undergoes rapid synaptic palmitoylation/depalmitoylation cycles during neuronal development which slow down in mature neurons.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Postsynaptic scaffolding protein that plays a critical role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity by providing a platform for the postsynaptic clustering of crucial synaptic proteins (PubMed:15358775, PubMed:9853749). Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA receptor subunits and shaker-type potassium channels. Required for synaptic plasticity associated with NMDA receptor signaling. Overexpression or depletion of DLG4 changes the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses in hippocampal neurons. May reduce the amplitude of ASIC3 acid-evoked currents by retaining the channel intracellularly. May regulate the intracellular trafficking of ADR1B. Also regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) immobilization at postsynaptic density keeping the channels in an activated state in the presence of glutamate and preventing synaptic depression (Probable). Under basal conditions, cooperates with FYN to stabilize palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 at the synaptic membrane through FYN-mediated phosphorylation of ZDHHC5 and its subsequent inhibition of association with endocytic proteins (By similarity).
messages: Presynapse
messages: Synapse
messages: The L27 domain near the N-terminus of isoform 2 is required for HGS/HRS-dependent targeting to postsynaptic density.
messages: The PDZ domain 3 mediates interaction with ADR1B.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2 in response to NMDA receptor activation, leading to proteasome-mediated degradation of DLG4 which is required for AMPA receptor endocytosis.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Gart
gene id: 10090:Gart
uniprot id: Q64737
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 magnesium or manganese ion per subunit.
messages: Detected in liver, kidney and brain.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the GART family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GARS family.
messages: In the central section; belongs to the AIR synthase family.
messages: The C-terminal GART domain carries the phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase activity.
messages: The N-terminal ATP-grasp domain carries the phosphoribosylamine--glycine ligase activity.
messages: The central AIRS domain carries the phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase activity.
messages: Trifunctional enzyme that catalyzes three distinct reactions as part of the 'de novo' inosine monophosphate biosynthetic pathway.

10090:Ubr3
gene id: 10090:Ubr3
uniprot id: Q5U430
uniprot id: Q8CAW0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UBR1 family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway (PubMed:17462990). Does not bind to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:17462990). May play a role in Shh signaling by mediating the ubiquitination of Kif7 (PubMed:27195754). May be important for MYH9 function in certain tissues, possibly by regulating the ubiquitination of MYH9 and consequently affecting its interaction with MYO7A (PubMed:27331610).
messages: Expressed in numerous cells of the smell, touch, vision, hearing and taste senses. Expressed in cells of the olfactory pathway, including the olfactory cell layer of the main olfactory epithelium (MOE), a mitral neuron cell layer of the olfactory bulb (OB), and a pyramidal cell layer of the piriform cortex of the olfactory cortex (OC). Expressed in the vomeronasal sensory epithelium of the vomeronasal organ (VNO) and the mitral cells of the accessory olfactory bulb. Expressed in tactile tissues, including the dorsal root ganglion, trigeminal ganglion and follicle-sinus complexes. Expressed in cells between hair follicle and sinus and also in the region of the rete ridge collar. Expressed in taste buds of the fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate papillae. Expressed in the spiral ganglion, the organ of Corti of the cochlea in the inner ear, in the sensory epithelium of macula and vestibular ganglion of the balancing system (at protein level). Expressed in the liver and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with UBE2A and UBE2B.
messages: Knockout mice for Ubr3 in a B6-enriched background exhibited neonatal lethality associated with suckling impairment, but can be partially rescued if the litter size is reduced. Survived adult knockout mice for Ubr3 had female-specific behavioral anosmia (decreased sense of smell).
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitin ligase protein which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation.

10090:Ninj2
gene id: 10090:Ninj2
uniprot id: F8WIJ3
uniprot id: Q3TQA7
uniprot id: Q9JL89
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ninjurin family.
messages: By nerve injury; in Schwann cells.
messages: Composed of 4 alpha helices: 2 hydrophobic transmembrane regions (alpha3 and alpha4) and 2 alpha helices (alpha1 and alpha2). Alpha1 and alpha2 feature one hydrophobic side and a hydrophilic side. In normal conditions, NINJ2 is inactivated and alpha1 and alpha2 helices are not inserted into the membrane. Following NINJ2 activation, alpha1 and alpha2 helices insert into the membrane and drive NINJ2 oligomerization via interactions between alpha3 and alpha4 and the hydrophobic face of alpha1 from an adjacent subunit. Such structures disrupt membrane integrity and form a lesion through the introduction of the hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 into the hydrophobic membrane.
messages: Effector of necroptotic and pyroptotic programmed cell death that mediates plasma membrane rupture (cytolysis). Acts downstream of Gasdermin (GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, or GSDME) or MLKL during pyroptosis or necroptosis, respectively: oligomerizes in response to death stimuli and promotes plasma membrane rupture by introducing hydrophilic faces of 2 alpha helices into the hydrophobic membrane, leading to release intracellular molecules named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that propagate the inflammatory response (By similarity). Also acts as a homophilic transmembrane adhesion molecule involved in nerve regeneration. Promotes axonal growth (By similarity).
messages: In normal conditions, NINJ2 is inactivated. In response to death stimuli, homooligomerizes and disrupts membrane integrity by introducing the hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 helices into the hydrophobic membrane.
messages: In the dorsal root ganglia, already detected at embryonic day 14, increasing until postnatal day 2 where the adult level is reached.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sucnr1
gene id: 10090:Sucnr1
uniprot id: Q99MT6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abolition of succinate-induced hypertension (PubMed:15141213). Mutants have less migration of Langerhans cells to draining lymph nodes and impaired tetanus toxoid-specific recall T cell responses (PubMed:18820681). Mutants show dimished immune responses to microbiota-derived succinate but respond normally to parasitic worm Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (PubMed:29735652). Conditional knockouts for adipose tissue show a higher body wight but have a total amount of white adipose tissue significantly lower than wild-types, whereas muscle mass is similar. They also have better glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Upon high fat diet, mutants develop hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance (PubMed:36977414). Myeloid conditional knockouts have adipose-tissue inflammation and glucose intolerance. They show an exacerbated diet-induced obesity (PubMed:27481132).
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expression in activated M1 macrophages is induced by LPS as well as IL1B.
messages: G protein-coupled receptor for succinate able to mediate signaling through Gq/GNAQ or Gi/GNAI second messengers depending on the cell type and the processes regulated (PubMed:15141213). Succinate-SUCNR1 signaling serves as a link between metabolic stress, inflammation and energy homeostasis (PubMed:27481132, PubMed:18820681, PubMed:30962591, PubMed:29735652). In macrophages, plays a range of immune-regulatory roles. During inflammation, succinate-SUCNR1 signaling may act as an anti-inflammatory mediator or boost inflammation depending on the inflammatory status of cells (PubMed:27481132, PubMed:30962591). Hyperpolarizes M2 macrophages versus M1 phenotype through Gq signaling by regulating the transcription of genes involoved in immune function (By similarity). In activated M1 macrophages, plays a pro-inflammatory role in response to LPS (PubMed:27481132). Expressed in dendritic cells, where it is involved in the sensing of immunological danger and enhances immunity. Mediates succinate triggered intracelleular calcium mobilization, induces migratory responses and acts in synergy with Toll-like receptor ligands for the production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an enhancement of antigen-specific activation of helper T cells (PubMed:18820681). In the small intestine, mediates the activation of tuft cells by dietary succinate and triggers type 2 immunity (PubMed:29735652). In adipocytes, plays an important role in the control of energy metabolism. In response to succinate, controls leptin expression in an AMPK-JNK-CEBPA-dependent as well as circadian clock-regulated manner (PubMed:36977414). In muscle tissue, is expressed in non-muscle cells and coordinates muscle remodeling in response to the succinate produced during exercise training in a paracrine manner (PubMed:32946811). In retina, acts as a mediator of vessel growth during retinal development. In response to succinate, regulates the production of angiogenic factors, including VEGF, by retinal ganglion neu…
messages: Predominantly expressed in the kidney (proximal and distal tubules and the juxtaglomerular apparatus). Weakly expressed in liver, spleen and small intestine. Highly expressed in immature dendritic cells, expression rapidly downregulates after maturation. Also expressed in macrophages (PubMed:18820681, PubMed:27481132). Specifically expressed in intestinal tuft cells (PubMed:29735652). Expression in whole muscle is attributable to major non-myofibrillar resident cell types, including stromal, endothelial and satellite cell populations (PubMed:32946811).

10090:Vmn1r115
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r115
uniprot id: K7N6Y3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Neurod4
gene id: 10090:Neurod4
uniprot id: O09105
uniprot id: Q545C0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Expressed in retinal interneurons amacrine cells (at protein level). Expressed in neurons of ventricular zone of the retina at postnatal day 1 (P1). Expressed transiently in amacrine and horizontal cells of the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina at P7 until P14.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably acts as a transcriptional activator. Mediates neuronal differentiation. Required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification in the retina.
messages: Serine or threonine phosphorylation within the basic region may regulate neurogenic activity.
messages: Weakly expressed in the neural tube around 8.5 dpc. By 9.5 dpc, expression is prominent in the ventral brain and spinal cord, and weak expression begins in the retina. At 10.5 dpc, highly expressed in the trigeminal and dorsal root ganglions, and the ventral midbrain and hindbrain. At 12.5 dpc, expressed in the mantle layer of the brain and spinal cord, trigeminal ganglion, Rathke's pouch, dorsal root ganglion and the ventricular zone of the neural retina. At 16.5 dpc, expression becomes restricted to the anterior region, persisting in the diencephalon and neural retina but decreasing in other regions.

10090:Sephs1
gene id: 10090:Sephs1
uniprot id: Q6NZN9
uniprot id: Q6P1B6
uniprot id: Q8BH69
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the selenophosphate synthase 1 family. Class II subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per monomer.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Synthesizes selenophosphate from selenide and ATP.
messages: The conserved active site Cys (or selenocysteine) residue in position 29 is replaced by a Thr. However, as function in selenoprotein synthesis is probable, it is possible Cys-31 is the active site.

10090:Mapkapk3
gene id: 10090:Mapkapk3
uniprot id: Q09HN3
uniprot id: Q3UMW7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated following phosphorylation by p38-alpha/MAPK14 following various stresses. Inhibited by ligand 5B (2'-[2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-5',6'-dihydrospiro[piperidine-4,7'-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin]- 4'(1'h)-one) and ligand P4O (2-[2-(2-fluorophenyl)pyridin-4-yl]-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro- 4h-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin-4-one), 2 ATP-competitive inhibitors (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with p38-alpha/MAPK14. The heterodimer with p38-alpha/MAPK14 forms a stable complex: molecules are positioned 'face to face' so that the ATP-binding sites of both kinases are at the heterodimer interface. Interacts with TCF3 and with polycomb proteins, such as PCH2 and BMI1/PCGF4 (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are fertile and do not exhibit behavioral phenotype. Mice do not show decreased production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IL6 upon LPS-stimulation. Mice lacking both Mapkapk2 and Mapkapk3 show further reduction of TNF production, compared to mice lacking only Mapkapk2. These data suggest that Mapkapk3 may function additively in stress-induced cytokine production. MAPKAPK3 knockdown homozygous mice develop Bruch's membrane abnormal thickening and thinning progressing with age (PubMed:26744326).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated and activated by MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 (By similarity). Phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase p38-alpha/MAPK14 at Thr-201, Ser-251 and Thr-313. Isoform 3 is degraded following phosphorylation at Thr-203.
messages: Stress-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cytokines production, endocytosis, cell migration, chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. Following stress, it is phosphorylated and activated by MAP kinase p38-alpha/MAPK14, leading to phosphorylation of substrates. Phosphorylates serine in the peptide sequence, Hyd-X-R-X(2)-S, where Hyd is a large hydrophobic residue. MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK3, share the same function and substrate specificity, but MAPKAPK3 kinase activity and level in protein expression are lower compared to MAPKAPK2. Phosphorylates HSP27/HSPB1, KRT18, KRT20, RCSD1, RPS6KA3, TAB3 and TTP/ZFP36. Mediates phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 in response to stress, leading to dissociate HSP27/HSPB1 from large small heat-shock protein (sHsps) oligomers and impair their chaperone activities and ability to protect against oxidative stress effectively. Involved in inflammatory response by regulating tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL6 production post-transcriptionally: acts by phosphorylating AU-rich elements (AREs)-binding proteins, such as TTP/ZFP36, leading to regulate the stability and translation of TNF and IL6 mRNAs. Phosphorylation of TTP/ZFP36, a major post-transcriptional regulator of TNF, promotes its binding to 14-3-3 proteins and reduces its ARE mRNA affinity leading to inhibition of dependent degradation of ARE-containing transcript. Involved in toll-like receptor signaling pathway (TLR) in dendritic cells: required for acute TLR-induced macropinocytosis by phosphorylating and activating RPS6KA3. Also acts as a modulator of Polycomb-mediated repression.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (at protein level). Isoform 3 is expressed in skeletal muscles and heart.

10090:Cacna2d4
gene id: 10090:Cacna2d4
uniprot id: F8VPL1
uniprot id: Q5RJF7
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta family.
messages: Defects in Cacna2d4 are a cause of cone-rod dysfunction. Mice display affected retinal ribbon-type synapses. The retinopathy is accompanied by a substantial loss in the activities of the second-order neurons. Rod photoreceptor responses are maintained with reduced amplitude, whereas cone activities are absent.
messages: Dimer formed of alpha-2-2 and delta-2 chains; disulfide-linked. Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes, consisting of alpha-1 (CACNA1), alpha-2 (CACNA2D), beta (CACNB) and delta (CACNA2D) subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (Probable). Interacts with CACNA1C and CACNB3 (By similarity).
messages: May be proteolytically processed into subunits alpha-2-4 and delta-4 that are disulfide-linked. It is however unclear whether such cleavage really takes place in vivo and has a functional role (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: The MIDAS-like motif in the VWFA domain binds divalent metal cations and is required to promote trafficking of the alpha-1 (CACNA1) subunit to the plasma membrane by an integrin-like switch.
messages: The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel.

10090:Pigb
gene id: 10090:Pigb
uniprot id: Q9JJQ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family. PIGB subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the third alpha-1,2-mannose to Man2-GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).

10090:Nherf2
gene id: 10090:Nherf2
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZX2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J006
uniprot id: Q9JHL1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with NHERF1. Binds PDZK1. Interacts with SRY. Binds ADRB2, SLC9A3, P2RY1, P2YR2, RDX and LPAR2 (By similarity). Interacts with MCC (By similarity). Found in a complex with EZR, PODXL and NHERF2 (By similarity). Interacts (via the PDZ domains) with PODXL (via the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif DTHL); interaction is detected in glomerular epithelium cells (By similarity). Interacts with SGK1 and KCNJ1/ROMK1 (By similarity). Interacts (via the PDZ domains) with SLC26A6 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression.
messages: Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression. Necessary for cAMP-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of SLC9A3. May also act as scaffold protein in the nucleus (By similarity).

10090:Krtap16-1
gene id: 10090:Krtap16-1
uniprot id: A2A5X5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 16 family.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Klhl29
gene id: 10090:Klhl29
uniprot id: Q80T74
names: Caution
messages: Although the complete sequence is not known with certainty, sequence shown here appears to be the most probable in accordance with human sequence ortholog.

10090:Glb1
gene id: 10090:Glb1
uniprot id: P23780
uniprot id: Q3TAW7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.
messages: Cleaves beta-linked terminal galactosyl residues from gangliosides, glycoproteins, and glycosaminoglycans.
messages: Homodimer. May form higher multimers.
messages: Lysosome

10090:Lif
gene id: 10090:Lif
uniprot id: F8WH42
uniprot id: P09056
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LIF/OSM family.
messages: LIF has the capacity to induce terminal differentiation in leukemic cells. Its activities include the induction of hematopoietic differentiation in normal and myeloid leukemia cells, the induction of neuronal cell differentiation, and the stimulation of acute-phase protein synthesis in hepatocytes.
messages: Secreted

10090:Alg6
gene id: 10090:Alg6
uniprot id: Q3TAE8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Adds the first glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ALG6/ALG8 glucosyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Nkrf
gene id: 10090:Nkrf
uniprot id: Q8BY02
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Enhances the ATPase activity of DHX15 by acting like a brace that tethers mobile sections of DHX15 together, stabilizing a functional conformation with high RNA affinity of DHX15. Involved in the constitutive silencing of the interferon beta promoter, independently of the virus-induced signals, and in the inhibition of the basal and cytokine-induced iNOS promoter activity. Also involved in the regulation of IL-8 transcription. May also act as a DNA-binding transcription regulator: interacts with a specific negative regulatory element (NRE) 5'-AATTCCTCTGA-3' to mediate transcriptional repression of certain NK-kappa-B responsive genes.
messages: Interacts with NF-kappa-B. Interacts with XRN2. Interacts (via G-patch domain) with DHX15; promoting the RNA helicase activity of DHX15.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Rassf3
gene id: 10090:Rassf3
uniprot id: Q99P51
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or10s1
gene id: 10090:Or10s1
uniprot id: Q8VGB3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Klrg1
gene id: 10090:Klrg1
uniprot id: O88713
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By pathogens and viruses infections.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 1 copy of a cytoplasmic motif that is referred to as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM). This motif is involved in modulation of cellular responses. Upon phosphorylation of ITIM motif KLRG1 associates with the two phosphatases, PTPN11 and INPP5D.
messages: Expressed specifically on natural killer (NK) cells and activated CD8 T-cells. Not detected in spleen, thymus, lymph node, testis, brain or kidney. Not detected on mast cell lines, bone marrow-derived mast cells, or peritoneal mast cells.
messages: Forms a monomer and homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts (via ITIM motif) with PTPN11 and INPP5D.
messages: Phosphorylated in response to monoclonal antibody G63 binding and antigenic stimulation.
messages: Plays an inhibitory role on natural killer (NK) cells and T-cell functions upon binding to their non-MHC ligands. May mediate missing self recognition by binding to a highly conserved site on classical cadherins, enabling it to monitor expression of E-cadherin/CDH1, N-cadherin/CDH2 and R-cadherin/CDH4 on target cells.

10090:Senp1
gene id: 10090:Senp1
uniprot id: M0QWX4
uniprot id: P59110
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C48 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death between 13.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc due to abnormalities in fetal vessels.
messages: Expression starts at 9.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with MTA1. Interacts with CCAR2 (via N-terminus).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protease that catalyzes two essential functions in the SUMO pathway (PubMed:15923632, PubMed:29499132). The first is the hydrolysis of an alpha-linked peptide bond at the C-terminal end of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptides, SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 leading to the mature form of the proteins. The second is the deconjugation of SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, by cleaving an epsilon-linked peptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of the mature SUMO and the lysine epsilon-amino group of the target protein. Deconjugates SUMO1 from HIPK2 (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO1 from HDAC1 and BHLHE40/DEC1, which decreases its transcriptional repression activity (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO1 from CLOCK, which decreases its transcriptional activation activity (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO2 from MTA1 (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO2 from MTA1 (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO1 from METTL3 (By similarity). Desumoylates CCAR2 which decreases its interaction with SIRT1 (By similarity). Deconjugates SUMO1 from GPS2 (PubMed:29499132).

10090:Nfkbid
gene id: 10090:Nfkbid
uniprot id: Q2TB02
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NF-kappa-B inhibitor family.
messages: Interacts with NFKB1, RELA and RELB; in the nucleus.
messages: Mice are highly sensitive to LPS-induced endotoxin shock and susceptible to intestinal inflammation caused by exposure to microflora. They display no overt T-cell selection phenotype but an impaired proliferation of T-cells. Thymocytes and T-cells seem to produce less IL-2 and IFNG.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates the expression of IL-2, IL-6, and other cytokines through regulation on NF-kappa-B activity. Functions in the regulation of inflammatory responses (PubMed:11931770, PubMed:15749903, PubMed:16410444, PubMed:16413922, PubMed:17641034). Involved in the induction of T helper 17 cells (Th17) differentiation upon recognition of antigen by T cell antigen receptor (TCR) (PubMed:25282160). According to PubMed:11931770, it may also regulate TCR-induced negative selection of thymocytes (PubMed:11931770).
messages: Specifically expressed in spleen and at low levels in thymus. Expressed in a population of antigen-presenting dendritic cells which may act as regulators of systemic inflammatory response.
messages: Up-regulated in thymocytes upon TCR-triggered cell death (at protein level). Up-regulated by IL-10 or LPS.

10090:Ep300
gene id: 10090:Ep300
uniprot id: B2RWS6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys at up to 17 positions by intermolecular autocatalysis. Deacetylated in the transcriptional repression domain (CRD1) by SIRT1, preferentially at Lys-1019. Deacetylated by SIRT2, preferentially at Lys-419, Lys-424, Lys-1541, Lys-1545, Lys-1548, Lys-1698, Lys-1703 and Lys-1706.
messages: Citrullinated at Arg-2143 by PADI4, which impairs methylation by CARM1 and promotes interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as histone acetyltransferase and regulates transcription via chromatin remodeling (By similarity). Acetylates all four core histones in nucleosomes (By similarity). Histone acetylation gives an epigenetic tag for transcriptional activation (By similarity). Mediates cAMP-gene regulation by binding specifically to phosphorylated CREB protein (PubMed:18486321, PubMed:24216764). Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-122' (H3K122ac), a modification that localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability (By similarity). Mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-27' (H3K27ac) (By similarity). Also functions as acetyltransferase for non-histone targets, such as ALX1, HDAC1, PRMT1 or SIRT2 (PubMed:28883095, PubMed:28576496). Acetylates 'Lys-131' of ALX1 and acts as its coactivator (By similarity). Acetylates SIRT2 and is proposed to indirectly increase the transcriptional activity of TP53 through acetylation and subsequent attenuation of SIRT2 deacetylase function (By similarity). Following DNA damage, forms a stress-responsive p53/TP53 coactivator complex with JMY which mediates p53/TP53 acetylation, thereby increasing p53/TP53-dependent transcription and apoptosis (By similarity). Promotes chromatin acetylation in heat shock responsive HSP genes during the heat shock response (HSR), thereby stimulating HSR transcription (By similarity). Acetylates HDAC1 leading to its inactivation and modulation of transcription (By similarity). Acetylates 'Lys-247' of EGR2 (PubMed:28576496). Acts as a TFAP2A-mediated transcriptional coactivator in presence of CITED2 (By similarity). Plays a role as a coactivator of NEUROD1-dependent transcription of the secretin and p21 genes and controls terminal differentiation of cells in the intestinal epithelium (By similarity). Promotes cardiac myocyte enlargement (By similarity). Can also mediate transcriptional repression (By similarity). Acetylates FOXO1 and …
messages: Methylated at Arg-581 and Arg-605 in the KIX domain by CARM1, which blocks association with CREB, inhibits CREB signaling and activates apoptotic response. Also methylated at Arg-2143 by CARM1, which impairs interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a complex composed of MSX3, CREBBP/CBP AND EP300/p300; the interaction with MSX3 decreases histone acetylation activity (PubMed:11115394). Interacts with HIF1A; the interaction is stimulated in response to hypoxia and inhibited by CITED2. Probably part of a complex with HIF1A and CREBBP. Interacts (via N-terminus) with TFAP2A (via N-terminus); the interaction requires CITED2 (By similarity). Interacts (via CH1 domain) with CITED2 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:10593900). Interacts with CITED1 (unphosphorylated form preferentially and via C-terminus) (PubMed:10722728). Interacts with ESR1; the interaction is estrogen-dependent and enhanced by CITED1 (By similarity). Interacts with HIPK2 (PubMed:16917507). Interacts with DTX1, EID1, ELF3, FEN1, LEF1, NCOA1, NCOA6, NR3C1, PCAF, PELP1, PRDM6, SP1, SP3, SPIB, SRY, TCF7L2, DDX5, DDX17, SATB1, SRCAP and TRERF1 (By similarity). Interacts with JMY, the complex activates p53/TP53 transcriptional activity. Interacts with TTC5/STRAP; the interaction facilitates the association between JMY and p300/EP300 cofactors. Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is facilitated by TTC5/STRAP. Forms a complex with TTC5/STRAP and HSF1; these interactions augment chromatin-bound HSF1 and p300/EP300 histone acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Part of a complex containing CARM1 and NCOA2/GRIP1. Interacts with ING4 and this interaction may be indirect. Interacts with ING5. Interacts with the C-terminal region of CITED4. Non-sumoylated EP300 preferentially interacts with SENP3. Interacts with SS18L1/CREST. Interacts with ALX1 (via homeobox domain) (By similarity). Interacts with NEUROD1; the interaction is inhibited by NR0B2 (PubMed:9512516). Interacts with TCF3 (By similarity). Interacts (via CREB-binding domain) with MYOCD (via C-terminus) (PubMed:15601857). Interacts with ROCK2 and PPARG. Forms a complex made of CDK9, CCNT1/cyclin-T1, EP300 and GATA4 that stimulates hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. Interacts with IRF1 and this inter…
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-89 by AMPK reduces interaction with nuclear receptors, such as PPARG (By similarity). Phosphorylated by HIPK2 in a RUNX1-dependent manner. This phosphorylation that activates EP300 happens when RUNX1 is associated with DNA and CBFB. Phosphorylated by ROCK2 and this enhances its activity (By similarity).
messages: Probable target of ubiquitination by FBXO3, leading to rapid proteasome-dependent degradation.
messages: Sumoylated; sumoylation in the transcriptional repression domain (CRD1) mediates transcriptional repression. Desumoylated by SENP3 through the removal of SUMO2 and SUMO3 (By similarity).
messages: The CRD1 domain (cell cycle regulatory domain 1) mediates transcriptional repression of a subset of p300 responsive genes; it can be de-repressed by CDKN1A/p21WAF1 at least at some promoters. It conatins sumoylation and acetylation sites and the same lysine residues may be targeted for the respective modifications. It is proposed that deacetylation by SIRT1 allows sumoylation leading to suppressed activity (By similarity).

10090:Jak3
gene id: 10090:Jak3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0R7
uniprot id: Q62137
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated, leading to regulate its activity. IL2 promotes phosphorylation on tyrosine residues, including autophosphorylation on Tyr-781 (By similarity). Dephosphorylation of Tyr-976 and Tyr-977 by PTPN2 negatively regulates cytokine-mediated signaling (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. JAK subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: In contrast with the ubiquitous expression of the other JAKs, JAK3 is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic tissues.
messages: Interacts with STAM2 and MYO18A. Interacts with SHB (By similarity).
messages: Mice show a severe block in B-cell development at the pre-B stage in the bone marrow. Additionally, they possesses small thymuses revealing a defect in T-cell development. The distribution of developmental subsets is relatively normal, suggesting a block in the expansion of early T-cell progenitors. Peripheral T-cells are present at normal or increased numbers but are functionally incompetent.
messages: Non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in various processes such as cell growth, development, or differentiation. Mediates essential signaling events in both innate and adaptive immunity and plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis during T-cells development. In the cytoplasm, plays a pivotal role in signal transduction via its association with type I receptors sharing the common subunit gamma such as IL2R, IL4R, IL7R, IL9R, IL15R and IL21R. Following ligand binding to cell surface receptors, phosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on the cytoplasmic tails of the receptor, creating docking sites for STATs proteins. Subsequently, phosphorylates the STATs proteins once they are recruited to the receptor. Phosphorylated STATs then form homodimer or heterodimers and translocate to the nucleus to activate gene transcription. For example, upon IL2R activation by IL2, JAK1 and JAK3 molecules bind to IL2R beta (IL2RB) and gamma chain (IL2RG) subunits inducing the tyrosine phosphorylation of both receptor subunits on their cytoplasmic domain. Then, STAT5A and STAT5B are recruited, phosphorylated and activated by JAK1 and JAK3. Once activated, dimerized STAT5 translocates to the nucleus and promotes the transcription of specific target genes in a cytokine-specific fashion.
messages: Possesses two phosphotransferase domains. The second one contains the catalytic domain, while the presence of a pseudokinase domain is required for suppression of basal activity of JAK3.

10090:Vmn1r64
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r64
uniprot id: Q8R2B8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pygb
gene id: 10090:Pygb
uniprot id: Q8CI94
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activity of phosphorylase is controlled both by allosteric means (through the non-covalent binding of metabolites) and by covalent modification. Thus AMP allosterically activates, whereas ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate allosterically inhibit, phosphorylase B (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
messages: Glycogen phosphorylase that regulates glycogen mobilization. Phosphorylase is an important allosteric enzyme in carbohydrate metabolism. Enzymes from different sources differ in their regulatory mechanisms and in their natural substrates. However, all known phosphorylases share catalytic and structural properties.
messages: Homodimer. Dimers associate into a tetramer to form the enzymatically active phosphorylase A (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-15 converts phosphorylase B (unphosphorylated) to phosphorylase A.

10090:Anks3
gene id: 10090:Anks3
uniprot id: Q9CZK6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts (via SAM domain) with ANKS6 (via SAM domain) (PubMed:25671767, PubMed:26327442, PubMed:26188091). Interacts with BICC1 (PubMed:25671767). Interacts with NPHP1 (PubMed:25671767). Interacts with NEK8 (PubMed:25671767, PubMed:26188091). Interacts with HIF1AN (PubMed:25671767). Interacts with NEK7; this interaction alters the subcellular distribution of NEK7 by preventing its nuclear translocation (PubMed:26188091).
messages: Hydroxylated at Asn-96, most probably by HIF1AN.
messages: Kidney (at protein level).
messages: May be involved in vasopressin signaling in the kidney.
messages: Phosphorylations at Ser-5, Ser-225, Thr-318, Ser-319, Ser-366 and Ser-369 occur in a NEK7-dependent manner.
messages: Polyubiquitinated.
messages: The SAM domain mediates homooligomerization.
messages: cilium

10090:Ephx3
gene id: 10090:Ephx3
uniprot id: Q3V1F8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Epoxide hydrolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of epoxide-containing fatty acids. Active in vitro against epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) including 8,9-EET, 9,10-EET, 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET and leukotoxin.
messages: Inhibited by 1-(1-acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifl uoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (TPAU), 1-cyclohexyl-3-dodecylurea (CDU), 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid (AUDA), 1-((3S, 5S, 7S)-adamantan-1-yl)-3-(5-(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethoxy)pentyl)urea (AEPU) and to a lesser extent by 8-(3-((3S, 5S, 7S)-adamantan-1-yl)ureido) octanoic acid (AUOA).
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. No defect in the metabolism of epoxygenated fatty acid epoxide.
messages: Predominantly expressed in skin, esophagus, lung and tongue and to a lesser extent in pancreas and eye.

10090:Atl1
gene id: 10090:Atl1
uniprot id: Q8BH66
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans-homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis. May also regulate Golgi biogenesis. May regulate axonal development.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer as apoprotein and in the GDP-bound form. Homodimer in the GTP-bound form. Homooligomer. Interacts (via N-terminal region) with MAP4K4 (via CNH regulatory domain). Interacts with SPAST; interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with REEP5, RTN3 and probably RTN4 (via the transmembrane region) (PubMed:19665976). Interacts with REEP1. Interacts with CPT1C. Interacts with ARL6IP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:24668814).
messages: axon

10090:Dmgdh
gene id: 10090:Dmgdh
uniprot id: Q9DBT9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GcvT family.
messages: Binds 1 FAD covalently per monomer.
messages: Catalyzes the demethylation of N,N-dimethylglycine to sarcosine. Also has activity with sarcosine in vitro.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Tmem25
gene id: 10090:Tmem25
uniprot id: Q9DCF1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed throughout the brain with higher levels within the hippocampus.
messages: In neurons, modulates the degradation of NMDA receptor GRIN2B subunit. Plays a role in the regulation of neuronal excitability.
messages: Interacts with GRIN2B.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lysosome
messages: Secreted

10090:Arhgap36
gene id: 10090:Arhgap36
uniprot id: B1AUC7
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Spcs2
gene id: 10090:Spcs2
uniprot id: Q9CYN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPCS2 family.
messages: Component of the signal peptidase complex (SPC) which catalyzes the cleavage of N-terminal signal sequences from nascent proteins as they are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Enhances the enzymatic activity of SPC and facilitates the interactions between different components of the translocation site (By similarity).
messages: Component of the signal peptidase complex paralog A (SPC-A) composed of a catalytic subunit SEC11A and three accessory subunits SPCS1, SPCS2 and SPCS3. Component of the signal peptidase complex paralog C (SPC-C) composed of a catalytic subunit SEC11C and three accessory subunits SPCS1, SPCS2 and SPCS3. Within the complex, interacts with SEC11A or SEC11C and SPCS1. The complex induces a local thinning of the ER membrane which is used to measure the length of the signal peptide (SP) h-region of protein substrates. This ensures the selectivity of the complex towards h-regions shorter than 18-20 amino acids.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Pik3ip1
gene id: 10090:Pik3ip1
uniprot id: Q7TMJ8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Negative regulator of hepatic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity.

10090:Ppp1r1b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r1b
uniprot id: Q60829
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dopamine- and cyclic AMP-regulated neuronal phosphoprotein.
messages: Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1.
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-34 is required for activity.

10090:Cops4
gene id: 10090:Cops4
uniprot id: O88544
uniprot id: Q14AI7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CSN4 family.
messages: Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes (By similarity). The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2 (By similarity). Also involved in the deneddylation of non-cullin subunits such as STON2 (By similarity). The complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, c-jun/JUN, IkappaBalpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1, IRF8/ICSBP and SNAPIN, possibly via its association with CK2 and PKD kinases (By similarity). CSN-dependent phosphorylation of TP53 and JUN promotes and protects degradation by the Ubl system, respectively (By similarity).
messages: Component of the CSN complex, composed of COPS1/GPS1, COPS2, COPS3, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6, COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B), COPS8 and COPS9 (PubMed:9707402). In the complex, it probably interacts directly with COPS1, COPS2, COPS3, COPS5, COPS6, COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B) and COPS8 (By similarity). Interacts with TOR1A; the interaction is direct and associates TOR1A and SNAPIN with the CSN complex (By similarity). Interacts with STON2; controls STON2 neddylation levels (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Vesicle
messages: synaptic vesicle

10090:Umps
gene id: 10090:Umps
uniprot id: P13439
uniprot id: Q544K9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Bifunctional enzyme catalyzing the last two steps of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), which converts orotate to orotidine-5'-monophosphate (OMP), and orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (ODC), the terminal enzymatic reaction that decarboxylates OMP to uridine monophosphate (UMP).
messages: Homodimer; dimerization is required for enzymatic activity.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.

10090:Jakmip2
gene id: 10090:Jakmip2
uniprot id: D3YXK0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the JAKMIP family.

10090:Vmn2r20
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r20
uniprot id: L7N2B1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pet100
gene id: 10090:Pet100
uniprot id: P0DJE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PET100 family.
messages: Interacts with COX7A2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Plays a role in mitochondrial complex IV assembly.

10090:Prdx6
gene id: 10090:Prdx6
uniprot id: D3Z0Y2
uniprot id: O08709
uniprot id: Q6GT24
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx6 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in heart, kidney and liver. Moderate expression in brain and stomach. Very low levels in intestine.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with GSTP1; mediates PRDX6 glutathionylation and regeneration (By similarity). Interacts with APEX1. Interacts with STH. May interact with FAM168B (By similarity). May interact with HTR2A (PubMed:14988405).
messages: Irreversibly inactivated by overoxidation of Cys-47 to sulfinic acid (Cys-SO(2)H) and sulfonic acid (Cys-SO(3)H) forms upon oxidative stress.
messages: Lysosome
messages: MJ33 or lithium;[(2R)-1-hexadecoxy-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)propan-2-yl] methyl phosphate inhibits its phospholipase A2 activity (PubMed:26830860). CI-976 or 2,2-Dimethyl-N-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)dodecanamide inhibits its lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity (PubMed:26830860).
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-177 by MAP kinases increases the phospholipase activity of the enzyme (By similarity). The phosphorylated form exhibits a greater lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase activity compared to the non-phosphorylated form (By similarity).
messages: The active site is a conserved redox-active cysteine residue, the peroxidatic cysteine (C(P)), which makes the nucleophilic attack on the peroxide substrate. The peroxide oxidizes the C(P)-SH to cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH), which then reacts with another cysteine residue, the resolving cysteine (C(R)), to form a disulfide bridge. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by an appropriate electron donor to complete the catalytic cycle. In this 1-Cys peroxiredoxin, no C(R) is present and C(P) instead forms a disulfide with a cysteine from another protein or with a small thiol molecule. C(P) is reactivated by glutathionylation mediated by glutathione S-transferase Pi, followed by spontaneous reduction of the enzyme with glutathione.
messages: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively (By similarity). Can reduce H(2)O(2) and short chain organic, fatty acid, and phospholipid hydroperoxides (By similarity). Has phospholipase activity (PubMed:26830860). Can either reduce the oxidized sn-2 fatty acyl group of phospholipids (peroxidase activity) or hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids (phospholipase activity) (By similarity). These activities are dependent on binding to phospholipids at acidic pH and to oxidized phospholipds at cytosolic pH (By similarity). Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides and in phospholipid homeostasis (By similarity). Exhibits acyl-CoA-dependent lysophospholipid acyltransferase which mediates the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) (PubMed:26830860). Shows a clear preference for LPC as the lysophospholipid and for palmitoyl CoA as the fatty acyl substrate (By similarity).
messages: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively.

10090:Gal
gene id: 10090:Gal
uniprot id: A0A498WGR4
uniprot id: P47212
uniprot id: Q3V002
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the galanin family.
messages: Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3 (By similarity). This small neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in retinal progenitor cells and retinal ganglion cells (at protein level).
messages: Secreted

10090:Gemin7
gene id: 10090:Gemin7
uniprot id: Q9CWY4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the gemin-7 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Part of the core SMN complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8 and STRAP/UNRIP (By similarity). Part of the SMN-Sm complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8, STRAP/UNRIP and the Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN6; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with STRAP/UNRIP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN8; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with SNRPB, SNRPD2, SNRPD3 and SNRPE; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: The SMN complex catalyzes the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome, and thereby plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP (Sm core). In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chaperone CLNS1A that controls the assembly of the core snRNP. To assemble core snRNPs, the SMN complex accepts the trapped 5Sm proteins from CLNS1A forming an intermediate. Binding of snRNA inside 5Sm triggers eviction of the SMN complex, thereby allowing binding of SNRPD3 and SNRPB to complete assembly of the core snRNP (By similarity).
messages: gem
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Taf1b
gene id: 10090:Taf1b
uniprot id: P97358
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although it shares weak sequence similarity with GTF2B/TFIIB, displays a similar subdomain organization as GTF2B/TFIIB, with a N-terminal zinc finger, a connecting region (composed of B-reader and B-linker regions), followed by 2 cyclin folds. The RRN7-type zinc finger plays an essential postrecruitment role in Pol I transcription at a step preceding synthesis of the first 40 nucleotides (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the RRN7/TAF1B family.
messages: Component of RNA polymerase I core factor complex that acts as a GTF2B/TFIIB-like factor and plays a key role in multiple steps during transcription initiation such as pre-initiation complex (PIC) assembly and postpolymerase recruitment events in polymerase I (Pol I) transcription. Binds rDNA promoters and plays a role in Pol I recruitment as a component of the SL1/TIF-IB complex and, possibly, directly through its interaction with RRN3.
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, composed of TBP and at least TAF1A, TAF1B, TAF1C and TAF1D. In the complex interacts directly with TBP, TAF1A and TAF1C. Interaction of the SL1/TIF-IB subunits with TBP excludes interaction of TBP with the transcription factor IID (TFIID) subunits. Interacts with TBP and RRN3. Interacts with FLNA (via N-terminus).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Arhgap27
gene id: 10090:Arhgap27
uniprot id: A2AB59
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SH3KBP1/CIN85.
messages: Membrane
messages: Rho GTPase-activating protein which may be involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. GTPase activators for the Rho-type GTPases act by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state. Has activity toward CDC42 and RAC1 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in kidney, lung, small intestine and thymus.

10090:Efnb1
gene id: 10090:Efnb1
uniprot id: P52795
uniprot id: Q544L9
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ephrin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development (PubMed:7929389, PubMed:10704386). Binding to Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells leads to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells (PubMed:7929389, PubMed:10704386). Shows high affinity for the receptor tyrosine kinase EPHB1/ELK (By similarity). Can also bind EPHB2 and EPHB3 (PubMed:7929389). Binds to, and induces the collapse of, commissural axons/growth cones in vitro (PubMed:10704386). May play a role in constraining the orientation of longitudinally projecting axons (PubMed:10704386).
messages: Expressed in the floor plate throughout the period of commissural axon pathfinding (PubMed:10704386). In myogenic progenitor cells, highly expressed during early development (11.5 dpc) and progressively repressed as developments proceeds (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Expressed on lateral floor plate cells, specifically on commissural axon segments that have passed through the floor plate. Expressed in cells of the retinal ganglion cell layer during retinal axon guidance to the optic disk (PubMed:10704386). Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Inducible phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic domain.
messages: Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with GRIP1 and GRIP2 (via PDZ domain 6) (By similarity). Interacts with TLE1 (PubMed:21429299). The intracellular domain peptide interacts with ZHX2; the interaction enhances ZHX2 transcriptional repression activity (PubMed:19515908).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proteolytically processed. The ectodomain is cleaved, probably by a metalloprotease, to produce a membrane-tethered C-terminal fragment. This fragment is then further processed by the gamma-secretase complex to yield a soluble intracellular domain peptide which can translocate to the nucleus. The intracellular domain peptide is highly labile suggesting that it is targeted for degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Tpst1
gene id: 10090:Tpst1
uniprot id: O70281
uniprot id: Q4FK50
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein sulfotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the O-sulfation of tyrosine residues within acidic motifs of polypeptides, using 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as cosubstrate.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer. Can also form heterodimers with TPST2.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Ubiquitous. Detected in heart, brain, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle and testis.

10090:Frmd4a
gene id: 10090:Frmd4a
uniprot id: Q8BIE6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with CYTH1 (via coiled-coil domain) (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with PARD3 (via coiled-coil domain) (PubMed:20080746). Found in a complex with PARD3, CYTH1 and FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with CYTH2 (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with CYTH3 (PubMed:20080746).
messages: Scaffolding protein that regulates epithelial cell polarity by connecting ARF6 activation with the PAR3 complex (PubMed:20080746). Plays a redundant role with FRMD4B in epithelial polarization (PubMed:20080746). May regulate MAPT secretion by activating ARF6-signaling (By similarity).
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: tight junction

10090:Adora2a
gene id: 10090:Adora2a
uniprot id: Q60613
uniprot id: Q8CAU3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) with USP4; the interaction is direct (By similarity). May interact with DRD4 (By similarity). Interacts with NECAB2 (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) with GAS2L2; interaction enhances receptor-mediated adenylyl cyclase activity (PubMed:23994616).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for adenosine (By similarity). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
messages: The cytoplasmic C-terminal domain is necessary for targeting the non-ubiquitinated form of this protein to the cell surface.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by USP4; leading to stabilization and expression at the cell surface (By similarity).

10090:Xlr3a
gene id: 10090:Xlr3a
uniprot id: Q60595
uniprot id: Q78PE0
uniprot id: Q99L59
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.
messages: Expressed in lymphoid cells.

10090:Il3ra
gene id: 10090:Il3ra
uniprot id: P26952
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 5 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface receptor for IL3 expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells, monocytes and B-lymphocytes that controls the production and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into lineage-restricted cells (By similarity). Ligand stimulation rapidly induces hetrodimerization with IL3RB, phosphorylation and enzyme activity of effector proteins such as JAK2 and PI3K that play a role in signaling cell proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:10477686, PubMed:31990690). Activation of JAK2 leads to STAT5-mediated transcriptional program (PubMed:10376805).
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Interacts with IL3. Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit (PubMed:10477686). The beta subunit is common to the IL3, IL5 and GM-CSF receptors.
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-357 by RNFT2 in response to IL3. Ubiquitination leads ligand-induced degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Hsd3b3
gene id: 10090:Hsd3b3
uniprot id: E9PXG7
uniprot id: P26150
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 3-beta-HSD is a bifunctional enzyme, that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta(5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid, and the oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids.
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Liver and kidney. Greater expression in liver.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Adamdec1
gene id: 10090:Adamdec1
uniprot id: Q3U0T4
uniprot id: Q9R0X2
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed highly in uterus during pregnancy.
messages: From the prepubertal period to day 5.5 of pregnancy is weakly expressed. From day 5.5 of pregnancy, an increase of expression is observed. At day 12.5 expression is higher.
messages: Induced by immunization in mature dendritic cells (DC), in marginal zone (MZ) metallophils, in follicular DC (FDC) and tingible body macrophages of germinal center. Down-regulated by steroid hormones and PRL.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May play an important role in the control of the immune response and during pregnancy.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rhox3f
gene id: 10090:Rhox3f
uniprot id: A2ANE1
uniprot id: A6H657
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fgd3
gene id: 10090:Fgd3
uniprot id: Q3TNB8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Fbp2
gene id: 10090:Fbp2
uniprot id: P70695
uniprot id: Q3TKP4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family.
messages: Binds 3 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations and probably participates in glycogen synthesis from carbohydrate precursors, such as lactate.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in muscle, intestine, brain and placenta and very weakly in liver.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with ALDOA; the interaction blocks inhibition by physiological concentrations of AMP and reduces inhibition by Ca(2+). Interacts with alpha-actinin and F-actin (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Subject to complex allosteric regulation. The enzyme can assume an active R-state, or an inactive T-state. Intermediate conformations may exist. AMP acts as allosteric inhibitor. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate acts as competitive inhibitor. Strongly inhibited by Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: Z line

10090:Spn
gene id: 10090:Spn
uniprot id: P15702
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell surface of thymocytes, T-lymphocytes, neutrophils, plasma cells and myelomas.
messages: Cleavage by CTSG releases its extracellular domain and triggers its intramembrane proteolysis by gamma-secretase releasing the CD43 cytoplasmic tail chain (CD43-ct) which translocates to the nucleus.
messages: Has a high content of sialic acid and O-linked carbohydrate structures.
messages: Interacts with SIGLEC1.
messages: Interacts with isoform 2 of HIPK2 (PubMed:11078605). Interacts with CTNNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with RDX (via FERM domain) (PubMed:18614175). Interacts with EZR (PubMed:21289089). Interacts with MSN (By similarity) (PubMed:18614175, PubMed:21289089).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-347 is regulated by chemokines, requires its association with ERM proteins (EZR, RDX and MSN) and is essential for its function in the regulation of T-cell trafficking to lymph nodes.
messages: Predominant cell surface sialoprotein of leukocytes which regulates multiple T-cell functions, including T-cell activation, proliferation, differentiation, trafficking and migration. Positively regulates T-cell trafficking to lymph-nodes via its association with ERM proteins (EZR, RDX and MSN) (PubMed:17638845, PubMed:21289089, PubMed:11728336). Negatively regulates Th2 cell differentiation and predisposes the differentiation of T-cells towards a Th1 lineage commitment (PubMed:18490738). Promotes the expression of IFN-gamma by T-cells during T-cell receptor (TCR) activation of naive cells and induces the expression of IFN-gamma by CD4(+) T-cells and to a lesser extent by CD8(+) T-cells. Plays a role in preparing T-cells for cytokine sensing and differentiation into effector cells by inducing the expression of cytokine receptors IFNGR and IL4R, promoting IFNGR and IL4R signaling and by mediating the clustering of IFNGR with TCR (By similarity). Acts as a major E-selectin ligand responsible for Th17 cell rolling on activated vasculature and recruitment during inflammation. Mediates Th17 cells, but not Th1 cells, adhesion to E-selectin (PubMed:26700769). Acts as a T-cell counter-receptor for SIGLEC1 (PubMed:11238599).
messages: Protects cells from apoptotic signals, promoting cell survival.
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: microvillus
messages: uropodium

10090:Tcf23
gene id: 10090:Tcf23
uniprot id: Q9JLR5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Both the bHLH region and the C-terminal portion are essential for inhibitory function.
messages: Forms inactive heterodimeric complex with TCF3.
messages: Highly expressed in the uterus (predominantly in myometrium), ovary, and testis. Expression in the uterus is higher in the diestrus phase than in the estrus phase and reaches a maximum at 7.5 dpc. Expression declines towards the time of delivery and returns to the non-pregnant level 4 days after delivery. Low expression seen in lung, heart, intestine, and spleen.
messages: Inhibits E-box-mediated binding and transactivation of bHLH factors. Inhibitory effect is similar to that of ID proteins. Inhibits the formation of TCF3 and MYOD1 homodimers and heterodimers. Lacks DNA binding activity. May be involved in the regulation or modulation of smooth muscle contraction of the uterus during pregnancy and particularly around the time of delivery. Seems to play a role in the inhibition of myogenesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ncaph2
gene id: 10090:Ncaph2
uniprot id: E9PY48
uniprot id: Q8BSP2
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CND2 H2 (condensin-2 subunit 2) family.
messages: Component of the condensin-2 complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and three non SMC subunits, NCAPG2, NCAPH2 and NCAPD3 that probably regulate the complex.
messages: Defects in Ncaph2 are the cause of the nessy phenotype which is characterized by a specific defect in T-cell development. Nessy thymuses are smaller, with corticomedullary junctions less well defined, and cortical cells sparser than in wild-type. The thymocyte defect is typified by an increased proportion of CD4-CD8- DN T-cell progenitors. Only thymocyte differentiation is affected in Nessy mice and not cell differentiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin-2 complex, a complex that seems to provide chromosomes with an additional level of organization and rigidity and in establishing mitotic chromosome architecture (By similarity). May promote the resolution of double-strand DNA catenanes (intertwines) between sister chromatids. Condensin-mediated compaction likely increases tension in catenated sister chromatids, providing directionality for type II topoisomerase-mediated strand exchanges toward chromatid decatenation. Required for decatenation of chromatin bridges at anaphase. Early in neurogenesis, may play an essential role to ensure accurate mitotic chromosome condensation in neuron stem cells, ultimately affecting neuron pool and cortex size (PubMed:27737959). Seems to have lineage-specific role in T-cell development (By similarity).

10090:Ephx4
gene id: 10090:Ephx4
uniprot id: Q6IE26
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Epoxide hydrolase family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Or5k1
gene id: 10090:Or5k1
uniprot id: E9QAT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zbtb20
gene id: 10090:Zbtb20
uniprot id: Q8K0L9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Can homodimerize. Binds to DNA.
messages: May be a transcription factor that may be involved in hematopoiesis, oncogenesis, and immune responses (By similarity). Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, may be involved in the regulation of satellite cells self-renewal (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Not expressed during development, is induced during establishment of satellite cells and acquisition of quiescence.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed in early hippocampal neurons, cerebellar granule cells and gliogenic progenitors as well as in differentiated glia (PubMed:11744704). Expressed in adult and aged myogenic satellite cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.

10090:Esco1
gene id: 10090:Esco1
uniprot id: Q3UKT9
uniprot id: Q69Z69
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetyltransferase required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. Couples the processes of cohesion and DNA replication to ensure that only sister chromatids become paired together. In contrast to the structural cohesins, the deposition and establishment factors are required only during S phase. Acts by mediating the acetylation of cohesin component SMC3.
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ECO subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: The N-terminal region seems to be responsible for association with chromosomes, thus excluding any involvement of the Zn finger in this process.
messages: The subunit structure is controversial. Monomer. Homodimer.

10090:Fam241b
gene id: 10090:Fam241b
uniprot id: Q9D882
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM241 family.
messages: May play a role in lysosome homeostasis.
messages: Membrane

10090:Asb12
gene id: 10090:Asb12
uniprot id: Q3KNI9
uniprot id: Q9D738
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: Interacts with CUL5 and RNF7.
messages: Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Kat2a
gene id: 10090:Kat2a
uniprot id: Q6P3Z8
uniprot id: Q9JHD2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Lys-542, inhibiting the protein acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Deacetylation at Lys-542 by SIRT6 promotes phosphorylation at Ser-302 and Thr-728 and subsequent activation of the protein acetyltransferase activity, leading to acetylation and inactivation of PPARGC1A (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed uniformly throughout the embryo from 7.5 to 9.0 dpc, except in the distal allantois and developing heart. Gcn5l2 expression is down-regulated after 16.5 dpc, but is later up-regulated in specific adult tissues.
messages: In brain, highly expressed in the hippocampal CA1 region (at protein level) (PubMed:25024434). Also expressed in the hippocampal subregions CA3 and the dentate gyrus as well as in the cortex and prefrontal cortex (PubMed:25024434). Expressed at low level in the cerebellum (PubMed:25024434).
messages: Interacts with EP300, CREBBP and ADA2 (By similarity). Component of the TFTC-HAT complex, at least composed of TAF5L, TAF6L, TAF3, TADA3L, SUPT3H/SPT3, TAF2/TAFII150, TAF4/TAFII135, TAF5/TAFII100, KAT2A/GCN5L2, TAF10 and TRRAP (By similarity). Component of the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex, at least composed of SUPT3H, KAT2A, SUPT7L, TAF5L, TAF6L, TADA3L, TAD1L, TAF10, TAF12, TRRAP and TAF9 (By similarity). The STAGA core complex is associated with a subcomplex required for histone deubiquitination composed of ATXN7L3, ENY2 and USP22 (By similarity). Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1 (By similarity). In the complex, it probably interacts directly with KAT14, MBIP and WDR5 (By similarity). Interacts with PML (PubMed:22886304). Interacts with CEBPB (PubMed:17301242). Interacts with TACC1, TACC2 and TACC3 (By similarity). Interacts with RELA (PubMed:25024434). Interacts with NFATC2 (PubMed:28424240). Interacts with TBX5 (By similarity). Interacts with PLK4 (By similarity). Associates with the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (By similarity). Interacts with XPC; leading to KAT2A recruitment to promoters and subsequent acetylation of histones (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC3/XPB; leading to KAT2A recruitment to promoters and subsequent acetylation of histones (By similarity). Interacts with ISL1. Interactions of ISL1 with MLIP1 or KAT2A may be mutually exclusive (PubMed:36112854).
messages: Lethality during embryogenesis: embryos develop normally to 7.5 days post coitum (dpc), but growth is severely retarded by 8.5 dpc and embryos fail to form dorsal mesoderm lineages, including chordamesoderm and paraxial mesoderm (PubMed:11017084). Differentiation of extra-embryonic and cardiac mesoderm is not affected (PubMed:11017084). Loss of the dorsal mesoderm lineages is due to an increased apoptosis (PubMed:11017084). Conditional knockout mice lacking Kat2a in the excitatory neurons of the adult forebrain display impaired hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation as well as impaired synaptic and nuclear plasticity (PubMed:25024434). Conditional knockout mice lacking Kat2a in T lymphocytes show defects in T-cell activation, T-cell proliferation, IL2 production and Th1/Th17 regulatory T-cell differentiation (PubMed:28424240). Th2 regulatory T-cell differentiation is not affected (PubMed:28424240).
messages: Loop3 is required for substrate specificity and adopts different structural conformations in succinyl-CoA-bound and acetyl-CoA-bound forms. Tyr-638 has an important role in the selective binding of succinyl-CoA over acetyl-CoA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein lysine acyltransferase that can act as a acetyltransferase, glutaryltransferase, succinyltransferase or malonyltransferase, depending on the context (PubMed:28424240). Acts as a histone lysine succinyltransferase: catalyzes succinylation of histone H3 on 'Lys-79' (H3K79succ), with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes (By similarity). Succinylation of histones gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation (By similarity). Association with the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, which provides succinyl-CoA, is required for histone succinylation (By similarity). In different complexes, functions either as an acetyltransferase (HAT) or as a succinyltransferase: in the SAGA and ATAC complexes, acts as a histone acetyltransferase (By similarity). Has significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones, but not with nucleosome core particles (By similarity). Acetylation of histones gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation (PubMed:28424240). Recruited by the XPC complex at promoters, where it specifically mediates acetylation of histone variant H2A.Z.1/H2A.Z, thereby promoting expression of target genes (By similarity). Involved in long-term memory consolidation and synaptic plasticity: acts by promoting expression of a hippocampal gene expression network linked to neuroactive receptor signaling (PubMed:25024434). Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell activation: upon TCR stimulation, recruited to the IL2 promoter following interaction with NFATC2 and catalyzes acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9ac), leading to promote IL2 expression (PubMed:28424240). Required for growth and differentiation of craniofacial cartilage and bone by regulating acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9ac) (PubMed:30424580). Regulates embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and differentiation (PubMed:30270482). Also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as CEBPB, PPARGC1A, PLK4 and TBX5 (PubMed:173012…
messages: centrosome

10090:Cfap36
gene id: 10090:Cfap36
uniprot id: Q8C6E0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CFAP36 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ARL3.
messages: May act as an effector for ARL3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: flagellum

10090:Mfn2
gene id: 10090:Mfn2
uniprot id: Q80U63
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A helix bundle is formed by helices from the N-terminal and the C-terminal part of the protein. The GTPase domain cannot be expressed by itself, without the helix bundle. Rearrangement of the helix bundle and/or of the coiled coil domains may bring membranes from adjacent mitochondria into close contact, and thereby play a role in mitochondrial fusion.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily.
messages: Forms homomultimers and heteromultimers with MFN1 (PubMed:12527753). Oligomerization is essential for mitochondrion fusion (Probable). Interacts with VAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with STOML2; may form heterooligomers (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated) with PRKN (PubMed:23620051). Interacts with EIF2AK3 (By similarity). Interacts with THG1L; THG1L probably functions as a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor/GEF, activating MFN2.
messages: Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion (PubMed:12527753, PubMed:23921378, PubMed:23620051). Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks. Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity and may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains (By similarity). Plays a central role in mitochondrial metabolism and may be associated with obesity and/or apoptosis processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (By similarity). Involved in the clearance of damaged mitochondria via selective autophagy (mitophagy). Is required for PRKN recruitment to dysfunctional mitochondria (PubMed:23620051). Involved in the control of unfolded protein response (UPR) upon ER stress including activation of apoptosis and autophagy during ER stress (PubMed:23921556). Acts as an upstream regulator of EIF2AK3 and suppresses EIF2AK3 activation under basal conditions (PubMed:23921556).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Mutant mice die early during embryonic development (PubMed:12527753). Heart-specific disruption causes cardiomyopathy in aging mice, characterized by dilated hearts that are insensitive to beta-adrenergic stimulation and impaired contractile performance (PubMed:23620051). Mutant cardiomyocytes display mitochondrial enlargement with respiratory impairment (PubMed:23620051).
messages: Phosphorylated by PINK1.
messages: Ubiquitinated by non-degradative ubiquitin by PRKN, promoting mitochondrial fusion; deubiquitination by USP30 inhibits mitochondrial fusion (PubMed:23620051, PubMed:24513856). Ubiquitinated by HUWE1 when dietary stearate (C18:0) levels are low; ubiquitination inhibits mitochondrial fusion (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Expression is markedly reduced in ApoE-knockout mouse atherosclerotic arteries.

10090:Mtm1
gene id: 10090:Mtm1
uniprot id: B1AW21
uniprot id: Q3UDN6
uniprot id: Q9D4L1
uniprot id: Q9Z2C5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Allosterically activated by phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P).
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression increases during skeletal muscle cell differentiation.
messages: Heterodimer with MTMR12 (PubMed:23818870). Interacts with KMT2A/MLL1 (via SET domain) (By similarity). Interacts with DES in skeletal muscle but not in cardiac muscle (PubMed:21135508). Interacts with SPEG (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lipid phosphatase which dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). Has also been shown to dephosphorylate phosphotyrosine- and phosphoserine-containing peptides. Negatively regulates EGFR degradation through regulation of EGFR trafficking from the late endosome to the lysosome. Plays a role in vacuolar formation and morphology (By similarity). Regulates desmin intermediate filament assembly and architecture. Plays a role in mitochondrial morphology and positioning (PubMed:21135508). Required for skeletal muscle maintenance but not for myogenesis (PubMed:12391329). In skeletal muscles, stabilizes MTMR12 protein levels (PubMed:23818870).
messages: Mice are viable although lifespan is severely reduced. An under-representation of mutant males suggests some prenatal lethality. Generalized and progressive myopathy starts at around 4 weeks of age with amyotrophy and accumulation of central nuclei in skeletal muscle fibers, leading to death at 6-14 weeks. Mutants also show mitochondrial disorganization and increased levels of desmin with abnormal desmin intermediate filament formation and architecture.
messages: The GRAM domain mediates binding to PI(3,5)P2 and, with lower affinity, to other phosphoinositides.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels detected in heart and muscle and low levels in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:12118066). Expressed in skeletal muscles (at protein level) (PubMed:23818870).
messages: filopodium
messages: ruffle
messages: sarcomere

10090:Wdr19
gene id: 10090:Wdr19
uniprot id: Q3UGF1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A), a complex required for retrograde ciliary transport and entry into cilia of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), it is involved in cilia function and/or assembly (Probable). Essential for functional IFT-A assembly and ciliary entry of GPCRs (By similarity). Associates with the BBSome complex to mediate ciliary transport (PubMed:22922713).
messages: Component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A) complex. IFT-A complex is divided into a core subcomplex composed of IFT122:IFT140:WDR19 which is associated with TULP3 and a peripheral subcomplex composed of IFT43:WDR35:TTC21B (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal region) with IFT122 (via C-terminal region) (By similarity). Interacts with BBS1 (PubMed:22922713). Interacts with TTC25 (PubMed:25860617).
messages: Tissue-specific expression of isoforms (PubMed:12906858). Expressed in the prostate, testis, epididymis, submaxillary and salivary glands (PubMed:12906858). Expressed in ependymal cells lining brain ventricles (at protein level) (PubMed:16957054).
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: flagellum
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Arxes2
gene id: 10090:Arxes2
uniprot id: C0HK79
uniprot id: C0HK80
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arxes1 and Arxes2 appear to have arisen by retrotransposition of the signal peptidase Spcs3 followed by a segmental duplication event.
messages: Belongs to the SPCS3 family.
messages: By the PPARG agonist rosiglitazone.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Plays a role in adipogenesis.
messages: Strongly expressed in epididymal white and brown adipose tissue with low levels in heart.
messages: Strongly up-regulated during adipogenesis.

10090:Cops9
gene id: 10090:Cops9
uniprot id: B2RVT1
uniprot id: Q3U898
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CSN9 family.
messages: Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. The complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, c-jun/JUN, IkappaBalpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1 and IRF8/ICSBP, possibly via its association with CK2 and PKD kinases. CSN-dependent phosphorylation of TP53 and JUN promotes and protects degradation by the Ubl system, respectively. Plays a role in cell proliferation.
messages: Component of the CSN complex, composed of COPS1/GPS1, COPS2, COPS3, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6, COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B), COPS8 and COPS9. In the complex, it interacts directly with COPS3, COPS5 and COPS6.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The Phe/Asp-rich domain at the C-terminus is necessary for its incorporation into the CSN complex.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Plpp5
gene id: 10090:Plpp5
uniprot id: Q3UMZ3
uniprot id: Q6P6K4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase with broad substrate specificity. Preferentially catalyzes the conversion of diacylglycerol pyrophosphate into phosphatidate but can also act on phosphatidate and lysophosphatidate. Phospholipid phosphatases are involved in both the synthesis of lipids and the generation or degradation of lipid-signaling molecules.
messages: Magnesium-independent phospholipid phosphatase. Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Plpp5 are viable and display no overt physical defect.
messages: Specifically expressed by antibody-secreting immune cells.

10090:Tenm3
gene id: 10090:Tenm3
uniprot id: B7ZNJ5
uniprot id: G3X907
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tenascin family. Teneurin subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddx47
gene id: 10090:Ddx47
uniprot id: Q4VBG1
uniprot id: Q9CWX9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX47/RRP3 subfamily.
messages: Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2. Interacts with GABARAP. Interacts with NOL8; the interaction is RNA-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Involved in apoptosis. May have a role in rRNA processing and mRNA splicing. Associates with pre-rRNA precursors (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Fkbp10
gene id: 10090:Fkbp10
uniprot id: Q61576
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed in 12-day-old mouse; no or barely detectable expression is found in adult tissues.
messages: Expressed in aorta, brain, heart, kidney, lung, spleen and testis (PubMed:7493967, PubMed:11071917). Not detected in liver (PubMed:7493967).
messages: Inhibited by both FK506 and rapamycin, but not by cyclosporin A.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins during protein synthesis.
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Creld1
gene id: 10090:Creld1
uniprot id: A8C1T7
uniprot id: Q91XD7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CRELD family.
messages: Expressed in myoblast C2C12 cells (at protein level).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Protein disulfide isomerase (By similarity). Promotes the localization of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) to the plasma membrane (PubMed:30407909).

10090:Zfp281
gene id: 10090:Zfp281
uniprot id: Q99LI5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Embryos die between embryonic day 7.5 (E7.5) and E8.5, due to dysregulation of pluripotency and lineage specific markers in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Embryos show abnormal embryonic body differentiation.
messages: Interacts with NANOG. Associates with the NuRD complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription repressor that plays a role in regulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differentiation. Required for ESCs differentiation and acts by mediating autorepression of NANOG in ESCs: binds to the NANOG promoter and promotes association of NANOG protein to its own promoter and recruits the NuRD complex, which deacetylates histones. Not required for establishement and maintenance of ESCs. Represses the transcription of a number of genes including GAST, ODC1 and VIM. Binds to the G-rich box in the enhancer region of these genes.

10090:Cog2
gene id: 10090:Cog2
uniprot id: Q921L5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the COG2 family.
messages: Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex which is composed of eight different subunits and is required for normal Golgi morphology and localization.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Required for normal Golgi morphology and function.

10090:Cnrip1
gene id: 10090:Cnrip1
uniprot id: Q5M8N0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CNRIP family.
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Also detected in heart, lung, intestine, kidney, testis, spleen, liver and muscle (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with the cannabinoid receptor CNR1 (via C-terminus). Does not interact with cannabinoid receptor CNR2 (By similarity).
messages: Suppresses cannabinoid receptor CNR1-mediated tonic inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels.

10090:Mbtd1
gene id: 10090:Mbtd1
uniprot id: Q6P5G3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromatin reader component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex, a multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex plays a direct role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by promoting homologous recombination (HR). MBTD1 specifically recognizes and binds monomethylated and dimethylated 'Lys-20' on histone H4 (H4K20me1 and H4K20me2, respectively). In the NuA4 complex, MBTD1 promotes recruitment of the complex to H4K20me marks by competing with TP53BP1 for binding to H4K20me. Following recruitment to H4K20me at DNA breaks, the NuA4 complex catalyzes acetylation of 'Lys-15' on histone H2A (H2AK15), blocking the ubiquitination mark required for TP53BP1 localization at DNA breaks, thereby promoting homologous recombination (HR).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Monomer. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex. Interacts with EPC1; interaction is direct and promotes recruitment of MBTD1 into the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp30
gene id: 10090:Zfp30
uniprot id: Q60585
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pex16
gene id: 10090:Pex16
uniprot id: Q91XC9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peroxin-16 family.
messages: Interacts with PEX19.
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: Required for peroxisome membrane biogenesis. May play a role in early stages of peroxisome assembly. Can recruit other peroxisomal proteins, such as PEX3 and PMP34, to de novo peroxisomes derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). May function as receptor for PEX3 (By similarity).

10090:Git2
gene id: 10090:Git2
uniprot id: Q9JLQ2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: GTPase-activating protein for ADP ribosylation factor family members, including ARF1.
messages: May form heterooligomers with GIT1 (By similarity). Directly interacts with protein Piccolo/PCLO (By similarity). Interacts with PPFIA1 and PPFIA2 (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGEF7 (By similarity). Identified in a complex with ARHGEF6 and BIN2 (By similarity). Interacts with PAK3 (By similarity). Interacts with PXN/paxillin (By similarity). Interacts with TGFB1I1 (PubMed:10330411). Forms a complex with EFNB1 and GRB4/NCK2 (PubMed:17310244).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated when coexpressed in cells with PTK2/FAK1 and SRC.

10090:Ptpn23
gene id: 10090:Ptpn23
uniprot id: Q6PB44
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts with GRAP2 and GRB2. Interacts with UBAP1 and CHMP4B (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies (MVBs) via its interaction with the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), and possibly also other ESCRT complexes. May act as a negative regulator of Ras-mediated mitogenic activity. Plays a role in ciliogenesis (By similarity).
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Serpina10
gene id: 10090:Serpina10
uniprot id: Q8R121
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Detectable in liver, but not in heart, brain, spleen, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle or testes.
messages: Heparin acts as an important cofactor, producing 20 to 100-fold accelerations of SERPINA10 reactions with factor Xa and factor XIa.
messages: Inhibits activity of the coagulation protease factor Xa in the presence of PROZ, calcium and phospholipids. Also inhibits factor XIa in the absence of cofactors (By similarity).
messages: May be due to a competing acceptor splice site.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zcchc12
gene id: 10090:Zcchc12
uniprot id: Q9CZA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ZCCHC12 family.
messages: In embryonic brains expression is restricted to the ventral region of the forebrain, including the septum, amygdala, caudal putamen, and in the basal-forebrain cholinergic neurons. In adults, expressed in the brain, and at low levels in the testis.
messages: Interacts with SMAD1 and CREB-binding protein (CBP). Forms a protein-DNA complex through its association with SMAD1.
messages: Transcriptional coactivator in the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-signaling pathway. It positively modulates BMP signaling by interacting with SMAD1 and associating with CBP in the transcription complex. It contributes to the BMP-induced enhancement of cholinergic-neuron-specific gene expression.

10090:Akr1c12
gene id: 10090:Akr1c12
uniprot id: Q9JLI0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.

10090:Or5ac22
gene id: 10090:Or5ac22
uniprot id: E9Q8M0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Egf
gene id: 10090:Egf
uniprot id: A0A0G2JDT8
uniprot id: A0A0G2JF92
uniprot id: P01132
uniprot id: Q3UWD7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with EGFR and promotes EGFR dimerization. Interacts with RHBDF1; may retain EGF in the endoplasmic reticulum and regulates its degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Interacts with RHBDF2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rimbp3
gene id: 10090:Rimbp3
uniprot id: Q3V0F0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RIMBP family.
messages: Component of the manchette, a microtubule-based structure which plays a key role in sperm head morphogenesis during late stages of sperm development (PubMed:19091768, PubMed:28003339). Important for male fertility (PubMed:19091768).
messages: Detected in testis from postnatal day 20 onwards (at protein level). In developing spermatozoa, weakly expressed in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids, and highly expressed in elongating spermatids (at protein level). Detected in residual bodies but not mature sperm (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with FASLG (By similarity). Interacts with LRGUK (via guanylate kinase-like domain) (PubMed:28003339). Interacts (via C-terminus) with HOOK1 (via coiled-coil region) (PubMed:19091768).
messages: Males are almost completely infertile, but otherwise have no visible phenotype. Sperm morphology is highly abnormal with deformed nuclei, detached acrosomes and an expanded perinuclear space. Defects are first apparent from the round spermatid stage and are associated with abnormal development of the manchette.
messages: Specifically expressed in testis, where it localizes to postmeiotic germ cells (at protein level).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Qki
gene id: 10090:Qki
uniprot id: Q9QYS9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the quaking family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytosolic isoform that specifically recognizes and binds mRNA transcripts modified by internal N(7)-methylguanine (m7G) (By similarity). Interaction with G3BP1 promotes localization of m7G-containing mRNAs into stress granules in response to stress, thereby suppressing their translation (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis by binding to mRNAs encoding CDH5, NLGN1 and TNFAIP6, promoting their degradation (PubMed:32732889). Can also induce apoptosis in the cytoplasm (PubMed:11297509). Heterodimerization with other isoforms results in nuclear translocation of isoform QKI7 and suppression of apoptosis (PubMed:11297509). Also binds some microRNAs: promotes stabilitation of miR-122 by mediating recruitment of poly(A) RNA polymerase TENT2, leading to 3' adenylation and stabilization of miR-122 (By similarity).
messages: Cytosolic isoform that specifically recognizes and binds mRNA transcripts modified by internal N(7)-methylguanine (m7G) (By similarity). Interaction with G3BP1 promotes localization of m7G-containing mRNAs into stress granules in response to stress, thereby suppressing their translation (By similarity). Acts as a translational repressor for HNRNPA1 and GLI1 (PubMed:10535969, PubMed:16198329, PubMed:20956316, PubMed:29021242). Translation inhibition of HNRNPA1 during oligodendrocyte differentiation prevents inclusion of exon 12 in MAG pre-mRNA splicing (PubMed:20956316). Involved in astrocyte differentiation by regulating translation of target mRNAs (PubMed:33750804).
messages: Defects in Qki are the cause of quakingviable (qkv). Qkv is a spontaneous mutation resulting in hypomyelinization of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Mutant mice develop normally until postnatal day 10 when they display rapid tremors or 'quaking' that is especially pronounced in hindlimbs and experience convulsive tonic-clonic seizures as they mature (PubMed:8589716). Mice with qkv specifically lack isoform 3 and isoform 4 in myelin-forming cells, while isoform 1 is lacking in oligodendrocytes of severely affected tracts (PubMed:12888522). Mice with qkv also lack the PRKN gene product, suggesting that the absence of PRKN may also affect the phenotype (PubMed:15014970).
messages: Embryonic lethality between 9.5 and 10.5 days post coitum (dpc) (PubMed:14706070). Embryos show a lack of large vitelline vessels in the yolk sacs, kinky neural tubes, pericardial effusion, open neural tubes and incomplete embryonic turning (PubMed:14706070). Conditional deletion in cardiomyocytes in the adult heart induces dilation of the ventricles and a rapid decline in cardiac function, associated with severe disruption of sarcomere organization (PubMed:36627242). Conditional deletion in neural stem cells leads to hypomyelination in the central nervous system due to impaired cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:33942715). Conditional deletion in microglia induces an inflammation phenotype, characterized by increased proinflammatory cytokine release and defects in processing phagocytosed cargo, leading to impaired remyelination (PubMed:33378678). Conditional deletion in astrocytes leads to impaired astrocyte maturation (PubMed:33750804).
messages: Expressed in early embryos, while isoform QKI6 and isoform QKI7 are found in late development when myelination begins.
messages: Expressed in late development when myelination begins.
messages: Expressed in neural progenitors of the ventricular zone (vz) during CNS development, but that expression is down-regulated during neuronal differentiation (PubMed:9778149). By contrast, neural progenitors located in specific subdomains of the vz maintain expression as they differentiate and migrate away into the emerging nervous system (PubMed:9778149). These have characteristics consistent with the acquisition of a glial rather than neuronal fate (at protein level) First detected in the neuroepithelium of the head folds at 7.5 dpc (PubMed:9778149). Expression is strongly present ventrally in the nascent brain and neural tube of 8.5 dpc and 9.5 dpc and in the heart of 8.5 dpc (PubMed:9778149).
messages: Highly expressed in myelin-forming cells. Expressed in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in the central nervous system as well as Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Also expressed in the yolk sac endoderm, adjacent to the mesodermal site of developing blood islands, where the differentiation of blood and endothelial cells first occurs (at protein level). Expressed in brain, lung, heart and testis.
messages: Homodimer; does not require RNA to homodimerize (PubMed:10506177, PubMed:11297509, PubMed:9671495, PubMed:22982292). Able to heterodimerize with BICC1 (PubMed:9315629).
messages: Interacts with G3BP1; directing N(7)-methylguanine (m7G)-containing mRNAs to stress granules to suppress mRNA translation (By similarity). Interacts with TENT2; promoting stabilization of miR-122 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with G3BP1; directing N(7)-methylguanine (m7G)-containing mRNAs to stress granules to suppress mRNA translation.
messages: Methylated by PRMT1.
messages: Nuclear isoform that acts as an indirect regulator of mRNA splicing (PubMed:11917126, PubMed:29021242). Regulates mRNA splicing of MAG pre-mRNA by inhibiting translation of HNRNPA1 mRNA, thereby preventing MAG exon 12 alternative splicing (PubMed:11917126, PubMed:21253564). Involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation by promoting stabilization of SIRT2 mRNA (PubMed:28188285). Acts as a negative regulator of the interferon response by binding to MAVS mRNA, downregulating its expression (By similarity). Also inhibits the interferon response by binding to fibrinectin FN1 pre-mRNA, repressing EDA exon inclusion in FN1 (By similarity). Delays macrophage differentiation by binding to CSF1R mRNA, promoting its degradation (By similarity). In addition to its RNA-binding activity, also acts as a nuclear transcription coactivator for SREBF2/SREBP2, promoting SREBF2/SREBP2-dependent cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:33942715, PubMed:34021134). SREBF2/SREBP2-dependent cholesterol biosynthesis participates to myelinization and is required for eye lens transparency (PubMed:33942715, PubMed:34021134).
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA reader protein, which recognizes and binds specific RNAs, thereby regulating RNA metabolic processes, such as pre-mRNA splicing, circular RNA (circRNA) formation, mRNA export, mRNA stability and/or translation (PubMed:10535969, PubMed:11297509, PubMed:11917126, PubMed:12467586, PubMed:15568022, PubMed:31868295, PubMed:36088389). Involved in various cellular processes, such as mRNA storage into stress granules, apoptosis, lipid deposition, interferon response, glial cell fate and development (PubMed:10535969, PubMed:11297509, PubMed:11917126, PubMed:12467586, PubMed:15568022, PubMed:31868295). Binds to the 5'-NACUAAY-N(1,20)-UAAY-3' RNA core sequence (PubMed:16041388). Acts as a mRNA modification reader that specifically recognizes and binds mRNA transcripts modified by internal N(7)-methylguanine (m7G) (By similarity). Promotes the formation of circular RNAs (circRNAs) during the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and in cardiomyocytes: acts by binding to sites flanking circRNA-forming exons (PubMed:37272356). CircRNAs are produced by back-splicing circularization of pre-mRNAs (PubMed:37272356). Plays a central role in myelinization via 3 distinct mechanisms (PubMed:10864952, PubMed:12467586, PubMed:11917126, PubMed:15568022, PubMed:20956316, PubMed:21253564). First, acts by protecting and promoting stability of target mRNAs such as MBP, SIRT2 and CDKN1B, which promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation (PubMed:10864952, PubMed:15568022, PubMed:28188285). Second, participates in mRNA transport by regulating the nuclear export of MBP mRNA (PubMed:12467586). Finally, indirectly regulates mRNA splicing of MAG pre-mRNA during oligodendrocyte differentiation by acting as a negative regulator of MAG exon 12 alternative splicing: acts by binding to HNRNPA1 mRNA splicing factor, preventing its translation (PubMed:11917126, PubMed:20956316, PubMed:21253564). Involved in microglia differentiation and remyelination by regulating microexon alternative splicing of the Rho GT…
messages: Stress granule
messages: The KH domain and the Qua2 region are involved in RNA binding.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated at its C-terminus, probably by FYN. Phosphorylation leads to decreased mRNA-binding affinity, affecting transport and/or stabilization of MBP mRNA. The level of Tyr phosphorylation in the developing myelin is highest in the first postnatal week (P7). During the vigorous accumulation of MBP mRNA between P7 and P20, phosphorylation in the developing myelin drastically declines. By the end of the fourth postnatal week (P28), phosphorylation is reduced approximately 90%.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF6 in macrophages, leading to its degradation.
messages: cytosol

10090:Cnot8
gene id: 10090:Cnot8
uniprot id: Q9D8X5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CAF1 family.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex; distinct complexes seem to exist that differ in the participation of probably mutually exclusive catalytic subunits; the complex contains two deadenylase subunits, CNOT6 or CNOT6L, and CNOT7 or CNOT8. In the complex interacts directly with CNOT1. Interacts with BTG1, BTG2 and TOB1 (By similarity). Interacts with BTG4 (PubMed:27065194).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells.
messages: Has 3'-5' poly(A) exoribonuclease activity for synthetic poly(A) RNA substrate. Its function seems to be partially redundant with that of CNOT7. Catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. During miRNA-mediated repression the complex seems also to act as translational repressor during translational initiation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Associates with members of the BTG family such as TOB1 and BTG2 and is required for their anti-proliferative activity.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Thada
gene id: 10090:Thada
uniprot id: A8C756
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the THADA family.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Together with methyltransferase FTSJ1, methylates the 2'-O-ribose of nucleotides at position 32 of the anticodon loop of substrate tRNAs.

10090:Fbxo30
gene id: 10090:Fbxo30
uniprot id: Q8BJL1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: May be neddylated. Neddylation may be required for E3 ligase activity, since it was observed only after purification with o-phenanthroline (PubMed:24076600).
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex. Interacts with SKP1, CUL1 and RBX1/ROC1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Required for muscle atrophy following denervation.
messages: Up-regulated in denervated muscles (at protein level), with highest expression levels around 14 days following denervation. Negatively regulated by the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway.

10090:Ak5
gene id: 10090:Ak5
uniprot id: Q920P5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family.
messages: Brain specific.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer. Interacts with YWHAZ (PubMed:16959763).
messages: Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Active on AMP and dAMP with ATP as a donor. When GTP is used as phosphate donor, the enzyme phosphorylates AMP, CMP, and to a small extent dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity.

10090:Mrpl28
gene id: 10090:Mrpl28
uniprot id: Q9D1B9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL28 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins. Interacts with OXA1L.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Bcl2a1c
gene id: 10090:Bcl2a1c
uniprot id: Q0P538
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.

10090:Or8g28
gene id: 10090:Or8g28
uniprot id: Q9EQB5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rrs1
gene id: 10090:Rrs1
uniprot id: Q9CYH6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RRS1 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly. May regulate the localization of the 5S RNP/5S ribonucleoprotein particle to the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Mthfs
gene id: 10090:Mthfs
uniprot id: Q9D110
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase family.
messages: Contributes to tetrahydrofolate metabolism. Helps regulate carbon flow through the folate-dependent one-carbon metabolic network that supplies carbon for the biosynthesis of purines, thymidine and amino acids. Catalyzes the irreversible conversion of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-CHO-H(4)PteGlu) to yield 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.

10090:Naa16
gene id: 10090:Naa16
uniprot id: Q9DBB4
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auxillary subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex which displays alpha (N-terminal) acetyltransferase activity.
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA) complex composed of NAA10 and NAA16.
messages: Highest levels in the kidney and testes. Moderate expression in the liver, thymus and skin.

10090:H2az1
gene id: 10090:H2az1
uniprot id: P0C0S6
uniprot id: Q3UA95
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8, Lys-12 and Lys-14 by KAT2A; KAT2A is recruited by the XPC complex in absence of DNA damage (By similarity). Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase; acetylation disappears at mitosis (PubMed:16204459, PubMed:7217105). Acetylation by the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex is required for hematopoietic stem cell maintenance (PubMed:32542325).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Down-regulation of H2az1 by RNA interference leads to death at early embryonic stages.
messages: Interacts (via M6 cassette) with ANP32E; leading to removal of H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome (By similarity). The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AZ1 forms a heterodimer with H2B (By similarity). Interacts with INCENP (PubMed:12660166). Interacts with VPS72 (via N-terminal domain); the interaction is enhanced by VPS72 phosphorylation which is promoted by ZNHIT1 (PubMed:30842416). Interacts with PWWP2A (By similarity). Interacts with FH (when phosphorylated by PRKDC) (By similarity). Interacts with ZNHIT1; the interaction results in recruitment of H2AZ1 to the MYOG promoter region which is required for muscle-specific gene expression (By similarity).
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated on Lys-5 and Lys-8 by SETD6. SETD6 predominantly methylates Lys-8, lys-5 being a possible secondary site.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression.
messages: Not phosphorylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division. Essential for early development.

10090:Shisa3
gene id: 10090:Shisa3
uniprot id: Q3UPR0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 8.5 dpc, expressed in the foregut. At 9.5 dpc, expressed in the ventral mesencephalon and rhombencephalon. At 12.5 dpc, expressed in ventral midbrain, myotome and kidney.
messages: Belongs to the shisa family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mutants exhibited no phenotype in either head development or somitogenesis.
messages: Plays an essential role in the maturation of presomitic mesoderm cells by individual attenuation of both FGF and WNT signaling.

10090:Tbcc
gene id: 10090:Tbcc
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0M1
uniprot id: Q8VCN9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Supercomplex made of cofactors A to E. Cofactors A and D function by capturing and stabilizing tubulin in a quasi-native conformation. Cofactor E binds to the cofactor D-tubulin complex; interaction with cofactor C then causes the release of tubulin polypeptides that are committed to the native state (By similarity).
messages: Supercomplex made of cofactors A to E. Cofactors A and D function by capturing and stabilizing tubulin in a quasi-native conformation. Cofactor E binds to the cofactor D-tubulin complex; interaction with cofactor C then causes the release of tubulin polypeptides that are committed to the native state.
messages: Tubulin-folding protein; involved in the final step of the tubulin folding pathway.

10090:Apc
gene id: 10090:Apc
uniprot id: B2RUG9
uniprot id: Q8BNP7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) family.

10090:Fbxl8
gene id: 10090:Fbxl8
uniprot id: Q8CIG9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Directly interacts with SKP1 and CUL1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
messages: While the gene symbol and protein names are indicative of the presence of LRR repeats, such repeats are not present in this protein.
messages: Widely expressed during embryogenesis and in adult tissues.

10090:Trp53bp1
gene id: 10090:Trp53bp1
uniprot id: A0A5H1ZRL7
uniprot id: P70399
uniprot id: Q3V1P7
uniprot id: Q8BZ87
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Asymmetrically dimethylated on Arg residues by PRMT1. Methylation is required for DNA binding.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Double-strand break (DSB) repair protein involved in response to DNA damage, telomere dynamics and class-switch recombination (CSR) during antibody genesis (PubMed:15159415, PubMed:15077110, PubMed:20453858, PubMed:23333305, PubMed:26308889, PubMed:20362325). Plays a key role in the repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) in response to DNA damage by promoting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair of DSBs and specifically counteracting the function of the homologous recombination (HR) repair protein BRCA1 (PubMed:23333305, PubMed:20362325, PubMed:30297459). In response to DSBs, phosphorylation by ATM promotes interaction with RIF1 and dissociation from NUDT16L1/TIRR, leading to recruitment to DSBs sites. Recruited to DSBs sites by recognizing and binding histone H2A monoubiquitinated at 'Lys-15' (H2AK15Ub) and histone H4 dimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me2), two histone marks that are present at DSBs sites. Required for immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (CSR) during antibody genesis, a process that involves the generation of DNA DSBs (PubMed:15159415, PubMed:15077110). Participates in the repair and the orientation of the broken DNA ends during CSR (PubMed:26308889). In contrast, it is not required for classic NHEJ and V(D)J recombination (PubMed:15159415). Promotes NHEJ of dysfunctional telomeres (By similarity).
messages: Homoligomer (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53 (via the central domain) (By similarity). Interacts with DCLRE1C (By similarity). Interacts with histone H2AX and this requires phosphorylation of H2AX on 'Ser-139' (By similarity). Interacts with histone H4 that has been dimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me2) (PubMed:23209566). Has low affinity for histone H4 containing monomethylated 'Lys-20' (H4K20me1) (By similarity). Does not bind histone H4 containing unmethylated or trimethylated 'Lys-20' (H4K20me3) (By similarity). Has low affinity for histone H3 that has been dimethylated on 'Lys-79' (By similarity). Has very low affinity for histone H3 that has been monomethylated on 'Lys-79' (in vitro) (By similarity). Does not bind unmethylated histone H3 (By similarity). Interacts with histone H2A monoubiquitinated at 'Lys-15' (H2AK15Ub) (By similarity). Interacts with PWWP3A/EXPAND1 (By similarity). Interacts with CHEK2; modulates CHEK2 phosphorylation at 'Thr-68' in response to infrared (By similarity). Interacts with MSL1; this interaction may be required for MSL1 DNA repair activity, but not for histone acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated by ATM) with RIF1 (PubMed:23333305, PubMed:23306439). Interacts (via the Tudor-like domain) with NUDT16L1/TIRR; interaction masks the Tudor-like domain and prevents recruitment to chromatin (By similarity). Interacts with PAXIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with IFI202A (PubMed:8910340). Interacts with SHLD2 (By similarity).
messages: Mice display growth retardation and are immune deficient, radiation-sensitive and cancer-prone (PubMed:12640136). Cells show a slight S-phase checkpoint defect and prolonged G2/M arrest after treatment with ionizing radiation (PubMed:12640136). Cells show defects in the DNA damage response (PubMed:12640136). Mice display defects in immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (CSR) during antibody genesis (PubMed:15159415, PubMed:15077110). In contrast, no defects are observed in classic NHEJ and V(D)J recombination (PubMed:15159415).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at basal level in the absence of DNA damage (By similarity). Phosphorylated by ATM in response to DNA damage: phosphorylation at different sites promotes interaction with different set of proteins: phosphorylation at the N-terminus by ATM (residues from 11-181) promotes interaction with PAXIP1 and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) of dysfunctional telomeres (By similarity). Phosphorylation by ATM at residues that are located more C-terminus (residues 300-650) leads to promote interaction with RIF1 (PubMed:23333305, PubMed:23306439). Interaction with RIF1 leads to disrupt interaction with NUDT16L1/TIRR (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Thr-1606 and Ser-1615 in the UDR motif blocks interaction with H2AK15ub (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PPP4C (By similarity). Hyperphosphorylation during mitosis correlates with its exclusion from chromatin and DNA lesions (By similarity). Hyperphosphorylated in an ATR-dependent manner in response to DNA damage induced by UV irradiation (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PPP5C (By similarity).
messages: The Tudor-like region mediates binding to histone H4 dimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me2) (PubMed:23209566). Interaction with NUDT16L1/TIRR masks the Tudor-like domain and prevents recruitment to chromatin (By similarity).
messages: The UDR (ubiquitin-dependent recruitment) motif specifically recognizes and binds histone H2A monoubiquitinated at 'Lys-15' (H2AK15ub). Phosphorylation of the UDR blocks interaction with H2AK15ub.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Ccn1
gene id: 10090:Ccn1
uniprot id: P18406
uniprot id: Q3TX21
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCN family.
messages: By growth factors.
messages: Expressed from G(0)/G(1) through mid-G(1) in normal cells, and at a constant level in rapidly growing cells.
messages: Interaction with integrins is heparin- and cell-type-dependent and promotes cell adhesion.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Low in kidney, adrenal gland, testes, brain, and ovary, moderate in heart, uterus, and skeletal muscle, highest in lung.
messages: Promotes cell proliferation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis and cell adhesion. Appears to play a role in wound healing by up-regulating, in skin fibroblasts, the expression of a number of genes involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and matrix remodeling including VEGA-A, VEGA-C, MMP1, MMP3, TIMP1, uPA, PAI-1 and integrins alpha-3 and alpha-5 (By similarity). CCN1-mediated gene regulation is dependent on heparin-binding (By similarity). Down-regulates the expression of alpha-1 and alpha-2 subunits of collagen type-1 (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion and adhesive signaling through integrin alpha-6/beta-1, cell migration through integrin alpha-1/beta-5 and cell proliferation through integrin alpha-v/beta-3 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Psmd4
gene id: 10090:Psmd4
uniprot id: O35226
uniprot id: Q3ULG4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the proteasome subunit S5A family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases and few additional components including PSMD4 (PubMed:16857966). Interacts with NUB1. Interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with UBQLN4. Interacts with UBE3A. Interacts with UBQLN1 (via ubiquitin-like domain). Interacts with DDI2 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. PSMD4 acts as an ubiquitin receptor subunit through ubiquitin-interacting motifs and selects ubiquitin-conjugates for destruction. Displays a preferred selectivity for longer polyubiquitin chains.
messages: Isoform Rpn10A is ubiquitous whereas isoform Rpn10E is mostly expressed in the embryonic brain.
messages: Isoform Rpn10E is expressed only in the embryos.
messages: The 2 UIM motifs are involved in the binding to a multi-ubiquitin chain in a cooperative way.

10090:Mapk8
gene id: 10090:Mapk8
uniprot id: A6P3E4
uniprot id: G3X8U9
uniprot id: Q544A0
uniprot id: Q7TSJ7
uniprot id: Q91Y86
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, brain intermediate zone and cortical plate are significantly thicker in mutant mice compared to wild type. The number of neuronal cells is increased in the cortical plate and intermediate zone. Cell cycle exit is decreased by 13% in the ventricular and subventricular zones. In 17.5 dpc brains, the ventricular zone was thinner in mutant mice compared to wild type animals, consistent with the increased number of neurons in the cortical plate. TUBB3 is consistently more diffuse and less structured in mutant telencephalon than in wild type.
messages: At 15.5 dpc, mid to low expression throughout the midbrain, with more prominent levels in the telencephalon, especially in the intermediate zone, the midbrain roof, the olfactory epithelium, the inferior colliculus, and the medulla oblongata. telencephalon revealed concentrated (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Binds to at least four scaffolding proteins, MAPK8IP1/JIP-1, MAPK8IP2/JIP-2, MAPK8IP3/JIP-3/JSAP1 and SPAG9/MAPK8IP4/JIP-4 (PubMed:10523642, PubMed:12391307, PubMed:11562351). These proteins also bind other components of the JNK signaling pathway. Forms a complex with MAPK8IP1 and ARHGEF28 (PubMed:14499478). Interacts with TP53 and WWOX (By similarity). Interacts with JAMP (PubMed:16166642). Interacts with NFATC4 (By similarity). Interacts with MECOM; regulates JNK signaling (By similarity). Interacts with PIN1; this interaction mediates MAPK8 conformational changes leading to the binding of MAPK8 to its substrates (By similarity). Interacts with HSF1 (via D domain and preferentially with hyperphosphorylated form); this interaction occurs under both normal growth conditions and immediately upon heat shock (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated form) with NFE2; the interaction phosphorylates NFE2 in undifferentiated cells (PubMed:19966288). Interacts with GRIPAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with POU5F1; phosphorylates POU5F1 at 'Ser-347' (PubMed:29153991). Found in a complex with SH3RF1, RAC1, MAP3K11/MLK3, MAP2K7/MKK7 and MAPK8IP1/JIP1 (PubMed:23963642). Found in a complex with SH3RF1, RAC2, MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP2K7/MKK7, MAPK8IP1/JIP1 and MAPK9/JNK2 (PubMed:27084103).
messages: Brain (at protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In T-cells, following T-cell receptor (TCR) activation. Levels peak 48 hours after TCR and CD-28 costimulation.
messages: Inhibited by SERPINB3 (By similarity). Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K4 and MAP2K7. MAP2K4 shows a strong preference for Tyr-185 while MAP2K7 phosphorylates Tyr-183 preferentially. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TAOK2 (By similarity). Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP2K7 and MAP2K4, which activates the enzyme (PubMed:11562351). May be phosphorylated at Thr-183 and Tyr-185 by MAP3K1/MEKK1 (PubMed:17761173). Phosphorylated form is more concentrated at synapses than none-phosphorylated (By similarity).
messages: Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, and thus regulates transcriptional activity.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, transformation and programmed cell death (PubMed:9393873, PubMed:28943315). Extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress stimulate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. In this cascade, two dual specificity kinases MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 phosphorylate and activate MAPK8/JNK1. In turn, MAPK8/JNK1 phosphorylates a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as JUN, JDP2 and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity (PubMed:11602244). Phosphorylates the replication licensing factor CDT1, inhibiting the interaction between CDT1 and the histone H4 acetylase HBO1 to replication origins. Loss of this interaction abrogates the acetylation required for replication initiation. Promotes stressed cell apoptosis by phosphorylating key regulatory factors including p53/TP53 and Yes-associates protein YAP1. In T-cells, MAPK8 and MAPK9 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells (PubMed:10811224). Contributes to the survival of erythroid cells by phosphorylating the antagonist of cell death BAD upon EPO stimulation (By similarity). Mediates starvation-induced BCL2 phosphorylation, BCL2 dissociation from BECN1, and thus activation of autophagy (PubMed:36812915). Phosphorylates STMN2 and hence regulates microtubule dynamics, controlling neurite elongation in cortical neurons (PubMed:21297631). In the developing brain, through its cytoplasmic activity on STMN2, negatively regulates the rate of exit from multipolar stage and of radial migration from the ventricular zone (PubMed:21297631). Phosphorylates several other substrates including heat shock factor protein 4 (HSF4), the deacetylase SIRT1, ELK1, or the E3 ligase ITCH. Phosphorylates the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer and plays a role in the regulation of the circadian cl…
messages: Synapse
messages: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.

10090:Gdnf
gene id: 10090:Gdnf
uniprot id: P48540
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. GDNF subfamily.
messages: Expressed in both the central nervous system (CNS) and in non-CNS tissues. Expressed in a highly dynamic pattern in the anterior neuroectoderm during the early stages of neurogenesis between 7.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc. Beginning at 10.5 dpc, expression begins in mesenchymal tissues of several organs including the digestive tract, kidney, testis, frontonasal mass, tooth primordium, tongue, mandible, whisker follicles, ear, eye, limb bud and in distinct regions of the brain. Also expressed in the heart, ileum, liver and muscle.
messages: Expression in C6 glioma cells was transiently induced by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), but not by forskolin.
messages: First detected at 7.5 dpc, reaches its peak around 9.5 dpc and declines considerably after 10.5 dpc.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with RET (By similarity). Interacts (via propeptide) with SORL1 (via N-terminal ectodomain), either alone or in complex with GFRA1; interaction with SORL1 affects GDNF-regulated, but not constitutive secretion (PubMed:21994944). Also interacts with SORL1 in complex with GFRA1; this interaction leads to GDNF endocytosis and lysosomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Neurotrophic factor that enhances survival and morphological differentiation of dopaminergic neurons and increases their high-affinity dopamine uptake.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gad2
gene id: 10090:Gad2
uniprot id: P48320
uniprot id: Q548L4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the production of GABA.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Palmitoylated; which is required for presynaptic clustering.
messages: Phosphorylated; which does not affect kinetic parameters or subcellular location.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Rfx5
gene id: 10090:Rfx5
uniprot id: Q9JL61
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activates transcription from class II MHC promoters. Recognizes X-boxes. Mediates cooperative binding between RFX and NF-Y. RFX binds the X1 box of MHC-II promoters.
messages: Belongs to the RFX family.
messages: Homodimer. The RFX heterotetrameric complex consists of 2 molecules of RFX5 and one each of RFXAP and RFX-B/RFXANK; with each subunit representing a separate complementation group (PubMed:10779326). Interacts (via PxLPxI/L motif) with RFXANK (via ankyrin repeats); the interaction is direct (By similarity). RFX forms cooperative DNA binding complexes with X2BP and CBF/NF-Y. RFX associates with CIITA to form an active transcriptional complex (PubMed:10779326).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: The N-terminus is required for dimer formation, association with RFXANK and RFXAP, assembly of the RFX complex, and for binding of this complex to its X box target site in the MHC-II promoter. The C-terminus mediates cooperative binding between the RFX complex and NF-Y.
messages: The PxLPxI/L motif mediates interaction with ankyrin repeats of RFXANK.

10090:Spin1
gene id: 10090:Spin1
uniprot id: Q3TLF7
uniprot id: Q61142
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.
messages: Chromatin reader that specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 both trimethylated at 'Lys-4' and asymmetrically dimethylated at 'Arg-8' (H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a) and acts as an activator of Wnt signaling pathway downstream of PRMT2. In case of cancer, promotes cell cancer proliferation via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). Overexpression induces metaphase arrest and chromosomal instability (PubMed:18543248). Localizes to active rDNA loci and promotes the expression of rRNA genes. May play a role in cell-cycle regulation during the transition from gamete to embryo. Involved in oocyte meiotic resumption, a process that takes place before ovulation to resume meiosis of oocytes blocked in prophase I: may act by regulating maternal transcripts to control meiotic resumption (PubMed:23894536).
messages: Early postnatal lethality. Ovarian folliculogenesis and oocyte growth appear normal but fully grown oocytes show defects in resuming meiosis.
messages: Gametogenesis. Synthesized from maternal transcripts but not from the zygote genome.
messages: Homodimer; may form higher-order oligomers. Interacts with TCF7L2/TCF4; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with HABP4 and SERBP1 (PubMed:23894536). Interacts with C11orf84/SPINDOC (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocyte, egg, and very early embryo; not in the 8-, and 16-cell stage of the embryo. Isoform 1: Present in testis. Isoform 1 is more highly expressed in adult testes compared with newborn testes (at protein level).
messages: Phosphorylated during oocyte meiotic maturation.
messages: Post-translationally modified during the first mitotic cell cycle.
messages: The 3 tudor-like domains (also named Spin/Ssty repeats) specifically recognize and bind methylated histones. H3K4me3 and H3R8me2a are recognized by tudor-like domains 2 and 1, respectively.
messages: nucleolus
messages: spindle

10090:Dpm3
gene id: 10090:Dpm3
uniprot id: Q9D1Q4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DPM3 family.
messages: Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex composed of DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3; within the complex, associates with DPM1 via its C-terminal domain and with DPM2 via its N-terminal portion. This interaction stabilizes DPM1 protein.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Stabilizer subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; tethers catalytic subunit DPM1 to the endoplasmic reticulum.

10090:Sec23a
gene id: 10090:Sec23a
uniprot id: Q01405
uniprot id: Q8C1E4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily.
messages: COPII is composed of at least five proteins: the Sec23/24 complex, the Sec13/31 complex and Sar1 (By similarity). Interacts with SEC23IP (PubMed:10400679). Interacts with HTR4 (PubMed:15466885). Interacts with SEC16A (PubMed:17428803). Interacts with SLC6A4 (PubMed:17452640). Interacts (as part of the Sec23/24 complex) with SEC22B; recruits SEC22B into COPII-coated vesicles and allows the transport of this cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi. Interacts (via Gelsolin-like repeat) with MIA2 and MIA3; specifically involved in the transport of large cargos like the collagen COL7A1 (By similarity). Interacts with DDHD1 (PubMed:17428803). Interacts with TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with SACM1L; this interaction is reduced in the absence of TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with kinase FAM20C; transport of FAM20C from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi is likely to be mediated by COPII vesicles (By similarity).
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules for their transport to the Golgi complex (By similarity). Required for the translocation of insulin-induced glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 to the cell membrane (PubMed:27354378).
messages: Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: High levels in brain and fibroblasts.
messages: Membrane
messages: The Gelsolin-like repeat mediates interaction with proteins containing PPP motifs that include MIA2, MIA3 but also SEC31A. These interactions are probably competitive.
messages: cytosol

10090:Cxcl17
gene id: 10090:Cxcl17
uniprot id: Q5UW37
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: All the mice injected with NIH3T3 cells over-expressing Cxcl17 develop rapidly progressing tumors within 21 days.
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: Chemokine that acts as chemoattractant for monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (PubMed:24973458). Plays a role in angiogenesis and possibly in the development of tumors (PubMed:16989774). Acts as an anti-inflammatory in the stomach. May play a role in the innate defense against infections. Activates the C-X-C chemokine receptor GPR35 to induce a rapid and transient rise in the level of intracellular calcium ions.
messages: Detected in lung, trachea, lung, tongue thyroid, submaxillary gland, epididymis, and uterus tissues and at a lower level in ovary, prostate and in intestinal tissues.
messages: Likely to undergo an endoproteolytic process to form a four-cysteine-containing mature peptide with a canonical CXC chemokine scaffold after secretion.
messages: Mice show no defects in breeding or gross anatomy development, and they gained weight normally but exhibit a paucity of macrophages in the lungs (PubMed:24973458).
messages: Secreted

10090:Fbxo34
gene id: 10090:Fbxo34
uniprot id: E9QM55
uniprot id: Q80XI1
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Directly interacts with SKP1 and CUL1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.

10090:Zfp687
gene id: 10090:Zfp687
uniprot id: Q9D2D7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ZMYND8.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cyp51
gene id: 10090:Cyp51
uniprot id: Q8K0C4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Embryonic lethality at 15 dpc, likely due to heart failure. Mutant mice present complete block of de novo cholesterol synthesis at 14.5 dpc. Heart abnormalities include hypoplasia combined with ventricle septum and epicardial and vasculogenesis defects. Skeletal abnormalities include facial hypoplasia, brachycephaly, and bowed and jointed bones of the extremities with camptodactyly. Can serve as an animal model for studying Antley-Bixler syndrome.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by azalanstat. Inhibited by azole antifungal agents ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Sterol 14alpha-demethylase that plays a critical role in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, being cholesterol the major sterol component in mammalian membranes as well as a precursor for bile acid and steroid hormone synthesis (PubMed:21705796). Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the three-step oxidative removal of the 14alpha-methyl group (C-32) of sterols such as lanosterol (lanosta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol) and 24,25-dihydrolanosterol (DHL) in the form of formate, and converts the sterols to 4,4-dimethyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,14,24-trien-3beta-ol and 4,4-dimethyl-8,14-cholestadien-3beta-ol, respectively, which are intermediates of cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:21705796). Can also demethylate substrates not intrinsic to mammals, such as eburicol (24-methylene-24,25-dihydrolanosterol), but at a lower rate than DHL (By similarity).

10090:Nr0b1
gene id: 10090:Nr0b1
uniprot id: Q53ZY9
uniprot id: Q61066
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR0 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 5.5 dpc throughout the embryo except in the proximal visceral endoderm.
messages: Expressed in adult cerebral cortex, spinal cord, thymus, heart, lung, ovary, testis, adrenal gland, hypothalamus, spleen and kidney.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with NR5A1, NR5A2, NR0B2 and with COPS2 (By similarity). Interacts with ESRRB; represses ESRRB activity at the GATA6 promoter (PubMed:27601327).
messages: Homodimerization involved an interaction between amino and carboxy termini involving LXXLL motifs and steroid binding domain (AF-2 motif). Heterodimerizes with NR5A1 and NROB2 through its N-terminal LXXLL motifs (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Orphan nuclear receptor. Component of a cascade required for the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis. Acts as a coregulatory protein that inhibits the transcriptional activity of other nuclear receptors through heterodimeric interactions. May also have a role in the development of the embryo and in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency (By similarity).
messages: Orphan nuclear receptor. Component of a cascade required for the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-gonadal axis. Acts as a coregulatory protein that inhibits the transcriptional activity of other nuclear receptors through heterodimeric interactions. May also have a role in the development of the embryo and in the maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency.

10090:Khdc1a
gene id: 10090:Khdc1a
uniprot id: Q3UWR2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the KHDC1 family.
messages: By NR4A1/NUR77.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has pro-apoptotic activity.

10090:Alg2
gene id: 10090:Alg2
uniprot id: Q9DBE8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily.
messages: Mannosylates Man(2)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate and Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate to form Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mmp27
gene id: 10090:Mmp27
uniprot id: D3Z6I1
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Can bind about 5 Ca(2+) ions per subunit.

10090:Sly
gene id: 10090:Sly
uniprot id: A0A087WRK1
uniprot id: Q810R0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Nme7
gene id: 10090:Nme7
uniprot id: Q3UMG6
uniprot id: Q8BUH2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Ndufb2
gene id: 10090:Ndufb2
uniprot id: Q9CPU2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFB2 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Or51a24
gene id: 10090:Or51a24
uniprot id: Q7TRQ1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dennd4c
gene id: 10090:Dennd4c
uniprot id: A6H8H2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activating RAB10. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound RAB10 into its active GTP-bound form. Thereby, stimulates SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter-enriched vesicles delivery to the plasma membrane in response to insulin.
messages: Phosphorylated in response to insulin.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tcl1b2
gene id: 10090:Tcl1b2
uniprot id: P56841
uniprot id: Q4FZI4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCL1 family.

10090:Prl8a9
gene id: 10090:Prl8a9
uniprot id: A0A0M6L0N6
uniprot id: Q9CQ58
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Detected only in placenta. Localized to spongiotrophoblasts and trophoblast giant cells of the placenta.
messages: First detected at 11.5 dpc and expressed continually throughout development, its expression level fluctuated during gestation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lsm2
gene id: 10090:Lsm2
uniprot id: O35900
uniprot id: O35901
uniprot id: Q3U9X2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
messages: Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
messages: Component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex is composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8. LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8 form a heptameric, ring-shaped subcomplex (the LSM2-8 complex) that is part of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex and the precatalytic spliceosome.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.

10090:Spsb3
gene id: 10090:Spsb3
uniprot id: D3YW96
uniprot id: Q571F5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPSB family.
messages: Interacts with MET.
messages: May be a substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.

10090:Cxcl15
gene id: 10090:Cxcl15
uniprot id: Q9WVL7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By inflammation; in lung.
messages: Chemotactic for neutrophils. Involved in lung-specific neutrophil trafficking during normal and inflammatory conditions.
messages: Expression restricted to the lung, produced by bronchoepithelial cells and is released into the airways. Expressed at low levels in fetal lung.
messages: Mice develop normally and are fertile. They display normal leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and bone marrow, but the amount of neutrophils is reduced in the airspace. Susceptibility to pneumonia induced by K.pneumoniae is increased with decreased survival and increased bacterial burden in lung.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nop9
gene id: 10090:Nop9
uniprot id: Q8BMC4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NOP9 family.

10090:Rdh16
gene id: 10090:Rdh16
uniprot id: O54909
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane topology is controversial (PubMed:16223484, PubMed:15355969). Membrane topology structure with endoplasmic reticulum lumen orientation of the catalytic domains while the C-terminus is in the cytosol have been suggested (PubMed:16223484, PubMed:11279029). Others investigators have argued for a reverse orientation, with a membrane-embedded N-terminal domain but no C-terminal transmembrane segment, and a cytosolic orientation of the catalytic domain (PubMed:15355969). These contradictory results are probably because of differences in the assay systems.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Not glycosylated.
messages: Oxidoreductase with a preference for NAD. Oxidizes all-trans-retinol, 9-cis-retinol, 11-cis-retinol and 13-cis-retinol to the corresponding aldehydes. Has higher activity towards CRBP-bound retinol than with free retinol. Oxidizes 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids. Oxidizes androstanediol and androsterone to dihydrotestosterone and androstanedione. Can also catalyze the reverse reaction.
messages: The C-terminal region plays a crucial role in controlling the activity of RDH16 and its required for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention.

10090:Kcnk9
gene id: 10090:Kcnk9
uniprot id: Q3LS21
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer with KCNK1.
messages: pH-dependent, voltage-insensitive, background potassium channel protein.

10090:Cdkl3
gene id: 10090:Cdkl3
uniprot id: Q8BLF2
names: Domain
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: The [NKR]KIAxRE motif seems to be a cyclin-binding region.

10090:Zfp365
gene id: 10090:Zfp365
uniprot id: Q8BG89
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basket cells with reduced branches and short processes in the somatosensory cortex of adult knockout (KO) mice. Reduced expression of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-synthesizing enzymes Gad1 in the somatosensory cortex of KO mice (PubMed:23912123). Delayed myelination in the corpus callosum of KO mice during the postnatal period, but recovery by adulthood (PubMed:24481677). Decreased dendritic arborization and increased spine density dendrites in cortical pyramidal neurons of adult KO mice (PubMed:25983680).
messages: Contributes to genomic stability by preventing telomere dysfunction (PubMed:23776040). Involved in the morphogenesis of basket cells in the somatosensory cortex during embryogenesis (PubMed:23912123). Involved in the positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation during postnatal growth (PubMed:24481677). Involved in dendritic arborization, morphogenesis of spine density dendrite, and establishment of postsynaptic dendrite density in cortical pyramidal neurons (PubMed:25983680). Involved in the regulation of neurogenesis. Negatively regulates neurite outgrowth. Involved in homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway. Required for proper resolution of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by HR. Is required for recovery of stalled replication forks, and directly contributes to genomic stability. Interacts with PARP1 and mediates MRE11-dependent DNA end resection during replication fork recovery (By similarity).
messages: Detected in several tissues, with highest levels in brain. Also expressed during embryonic development. Expressed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, inferior colliculus and thalamus (PubMed:23912123).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with NDE1 and NDEL1 (By similarity). Interacts with DISC1. Interacts with PARP1 (By similarity).
messages: In the embryo at day 14.5 post-coitum, expressed in the basal, medial and lateral ganglionic eminences of the cerebral cortex, but not in the caudal ganglionic eminence (PubMed:23912123). Expressed in the corpus callosum from postnatal day 7 (PD7) to PD56 with a peak at PD14 (PubMed:24481677).
messages: Induced by gamma irradiation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Tacr1
gene id: 10090:Tacr1
uniprot id: P30548
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ARRB1.
messages: This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance P. It is probably associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance P > substance K > neuromedin K.

10090:Ldlr
gene id: 10090:Ldlr
uniprot id: A0A1L1SRE8
uniprot id: P35951
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LDLR family.
messages: Binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB2 (via PID domain); the interaction is impaired by tyrosine phosphorylation of the NPXY motif (PubMed:11247302). Interacts (via NPXY motif) with LDLRAP1 (via PID domain) (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB1 (By similarity). Interacts with SNX17 (PubMed:12169628). Interacts with the full-length immature form of PCSK9 (via C-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: N- and O-glycosylated.
messages: The NPXY motif mediates the interaction with the clathrin adapter DAB2 and with LDLRAP1 which are involved in receptor internalization. A few residues outside the motif also play a role in the interaction.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MYLIP leading to degradation.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Dph7
gene id: 10090:Dph7
uniprot id: Q9CYU6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DPH7 family.
messages: Catalyzes the demethylation of diphthine methyl ester to form diphthine, an intermediate diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2).
messages: Interacts with INCA1.

10090:Hexdc
gene id: 10090:Hexdc
uniprot id: Q3U4H6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 20 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Extracellular vesicle
messages: Has hexosaminidase activity (PubMed:19040401). Responsible for the cleavage of the monosaccharides N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from cellular substrates. Has a preference for galactosaminide over glucosaminide substrates (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Inhibited by O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosylidene)amino N-phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc). Inhibited by galacto-NAG-thiazoline (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Trp73
gene id: 10090:Trp73
uniprot id: Q9D6A3
uniprot id: Q9JJP2
uniprot id: Z4YK94
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated and stabilized by interaction with RANBP9.
messages: Belongs to the p53 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a complex with p53/TP53 and CABLES1.
messages: Found in a complex with p53/TP53 and CABLES1. The C-terminal oligomerization domain binds to the ABL1 tyrosine kinase SH3 domain. Interacts with HECW2, HIPK2, RANBP9 and WWOX (By similarity). Interacts (via SAM domain) with FBXO45 (via B30.2/SPRY domain) (By similarity). Interacts with YAP1 (phosphorylated form) (By similarity). Interacts with HCK (via SH3 domain); this inhibits TP73 activity and degradation (By similarity). Interacts (via SAM domain) with NQO1; this interaction is NADH-dependent, stabilizes TP73 in response to oxidative stress and protects it from ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S proteasome.
messages: Found in striatal neurons of mutant huntingtin (htt) transgenic mice (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the nasal epithelium, the vomeronasal organ, the hippocampus and the hypothalamus.
messages: Mice lacking Tp73 display a runting phenotype and high rates of mortality due to massive gastrointestinal hemorrhages or intracranial bleeding. The gastrointestinal tract suffers loss of enterocytes and excessive mucosecretions in the duodenum, ileum and cecum. Survivors exhibit hippocampal dysgenesis, hydrocephalus, chronic infections and inflammation, as well as abnormalities in pheromone sensory pathways.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Isoforms containing the transactivation domain are pro-apoptotic, isoforms lacking the domain are anti-apoptotic and block the function of p53 and transactivating p73 isoforms. May be a tumor suppressor protein.
messages: Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Isoforms containing the transactivation domain are pro-apoptotic, isoforms lacking the domain are anti-apoptotic and block the function of p53 and transactivating p73 isoforms. May be a tumor suppressor protein. Is an activator of FOXJ1 expression, essential for the positive regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation (PubMed:26947080).
messages: Phosphorylation by PLK1 and PLK3 inhibits the transcription regulator activity and pro-apoptotic function (By similarity). Higher levels of phosphorylation seen in striatal neurons of. mutant huntingtin (htt) transgenic mice.
messages: Polyubiquitinated by RCHY1/PIRH2; leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Possesses an acidic transactivation domain, a central DNA binding domain and a C-terminal oligomerization domain that binds to the ABL1 tyrosine kinase SH3 domain.
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 2.
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-622, which potentiates proteasomal degradation but does not affect transcriptional activity.
messages: The PPxY motif mediates interaction with WWOX.

10090:Gm10061
gene id: 10090:Gm10061
uniprot id: D3Z714
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Ivns1abp
gene id: 10090:Ivns1abp
uniprot id: Q920Q8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Barely detected in the heart at 15.5 dpc, but clearly expressed in newborn heart with increased amount up to 8 weeks of age.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Decreased expression in various organs and cultured cell lines by doxorubicin treatment which may reduce mRNA stability.
messages: Disorganized actin skeleton is observed in cells transfected with isoform 2 (Nd1-S), which lacks the six kelch repeats.
messages: Homodimer; through the BTB domain. Interacts with AHR/Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (By similarity).
messages: Involved in many cell functions, including pre-mRNA splicing, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway, F-actin organization and protein ubiquitination. Plays a role in the dynamic organization of the actin skeleton as a stabilizer of actin filaments by association with F-actin through Kelch repeats (PubMed:12213805, PubMed:16317045). Protects cells from cell death induced by actin destabilization (PubMed:16952015). Functions as modifier of the AHR/Aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway increasing the concentration of AHR available to activate transcription (By similarity). In addition, functions as a negative regulator of BCR(KLHL20) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to prevent ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of PML and DAPK1, two tumor suppressors (By similarity). Inhibits pre-mRNA splicing (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in cell cycle progression in the nucleus.
messages: Mice develop normally with no gross abnormalities. However, they display marked sensitivity to doxorubicin cardiotoxicity with increased number of cardiomyocytes apoptosis. Analysis of hearts from knockout mice reveal vacuolization and edema of cardiomaycytes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transgenic mice overexpressing Ivns1abp develop normally with no gross abnormalities up to 7-month old. However, they display a marked resistance to the cardiotoxic effect of doxorubicin which is an anti-neoplastic agent known to affect actin skeleton and an effective drug for cancer therapy with cardiotoxicity as side effect. Overexpression of Ivns1abp in the heart protect cardiomyocytes from apoptosis and improved survival rate after doxorubicin injection.
messages: Ubiquitous expression. In the heart, the highest expression is detected in the ventricles and the lowest in the atria. Expressed in dendrites and spines in neurons.
messages: When the BTB domain is lacking, AHR signaling induction promoted by IVNS1ABP is massively increased; Thus, the BTB domain inhibits AHR signaling induced by IVNS1ABP.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or51aa5
gene id: 10090:Or51aa5
uniprot id: K7N609
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Asb14
gene id: 10090:Asb14
uniprot id: E9QPD0
uniprot id: Q8C6Y6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: May be a substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Stat3
gene id: 10090:Stat3
uniprot id: P42227
uniprot id: Q3ULI4
uniprot id: Q6GU23
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Phosphorylated on Tyr-705 in the presence of S.typhimurium SarA.
messages: Acetylated on lysine residues by CREBBP. Deacetylation by LOXL3 leads to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit STAT3 transcription activity. Oxidation of lysine residues to allysine on STAT3 preferentially takes place on lysine residues that are acetylated.
messages: Activated through tyrosine phosphorylation by BMX. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to IL6, IL11, CNTF, LIF, KITLG/SCF, CSF1, EGF, PDGF, IFN-alpha, LEP and OSM. Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation on tyrosine residues and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to constitutively activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Phosphorylated on serine upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR. Serine phosphorylation is important for the formation of stable DNA-binding STAT3 homodimers and maximal transcriptional activity. ARL2BP may participate in keeping the phosphorylated state of STAT3 within the nucleus. Tyrosine phosphorylated upon stimulation with EGF. Upon LPS challenge, phosphorylated within the nucleus by IRAK1 (By similarity). Upon UV-A treatment, phosphorylated on Ser-727 by RPS6KA5 (By similarity). Dephosphorylation on tyrosine residues by PTPN2 negatively regulates IL6/interleukin-6 signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Tyr-705 by PTK6, isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) or FER leads to an increase of its transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early embryonic lethality, day 6.5-7.5. Conditional, tissue specific mutants are variably viable and show diverse defects including obesity, diabetes, thermal dysregulation and infertility.
messages: Forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related family member (at least STAT1). Interacts with IL31RA, NCOA1, PELP1, SIPAR, SOCS7, STATIP1 and TMF1. Interacts with IL23R in presence of IL23. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with NLK. Interacts with ARL2BP; the interaction is enhanced by LIF and JAK1 expression (By similarity). Interacts with KPNA4 and KPNA5; KPNA4 may be the primary mediator of nuclear import (By similarity). Interacts with CAV2; the interaction is increased on insulin-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of CAV2 and leads to STAT3 activation (By similarity). Interacts with ARL2BP; interaction is enhanced with ARL2. Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Binds to CDK9 when activated and nuclear. Interacts with BMX. Interacts with ZIPK/DAPK3. Interacts with PIAS3; the interaction occurs on stimulation by IL6, CNTF or OSM and inhibits the DNA binding activity of STAT3. In prostate cancer cells, interacts with PRKCE and promotes DNA binding activity of STAT3. Interacts with STMN3, antagonizing its microtubule-destabilizing activity. Interacts with the 'Lys-129' acetylated form of BIRC5/survivin. Interacts with FER. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with EIF2AK2/PKR (via the kinase catalytic domain) (By similarity). Interacts with FGFR4 (By similarity). Interacts with INPP5F; the interaction is independent of STAT3 Tyr-705 phosphorylation status (By similarity). Interacts with OCAD1 (PubMed:23972987). Interacts (unphosphorylated or phosphorylated at Ser-727) with PHB1 (By similarity). Interacts and may form heterodimers with NHLH1 (PubMed:18356286). Found in a complex with SLC39A6, SLC39A10 and with the 'Ser-727' phosphorylated form of STAT3 throughout mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the gp130-mediated signaling pathway.
messages: Nucleus
messages: STAT3A is seen in the liver, spleen, and kidney. STAT3B is also detected in the liver, although in a much less abundant manner. Expressed in the lung and an increase in expression levels seen during methicillin-resistant S.aureus infection.
messages: Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interleukins, KITLG/SCF, LEP and other growth factors (By similarity). Once activated, recruits coactivators, such as NCOA1 or MED1, to the promoter region of the target gene (By similarity). May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (By similarity). Upon activation of IL6ST/gp130 signaling by interleukin-6 (IL6), binds to the IL6-responsive elements identified in the promoters of various acute-phase protein genes (By similarity). Activated by IL31 through IL31RA (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of inflammatory response by regulating differentiation of naive CD4(+) T-cells into T-helper Th17 or regulatory T-cells (Treg): deacetylation and oxidation of lysine residues by LOXL3, leads to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit its transcription activity (By similarity). Involved in cell cycle regulation by inducing the expression of key genes for the progression from G1 to S phase, such as CCND1 (By similarity). Mediates the effects of LEP on melanocortin production, body energy homeostasis and lactation (PubMed:12594516). May play an apoptotic role by transctivating BIRC5 expression under LEP activation (PubMed:16825198). Cytoplasmic STAT3 represses macroautophagy by inhibiting EIF2AK2/PKR activity (By similarity). Plays a crucial role in basal beta cell functions, such as regulation of insulin secretion (PubMed:20215569). Plays an important role in host defense in methicillin-resistant S.aureus lung infection by regulating the expression of the antimicrobial lectin REG3G (PubMed:23401489).
messages: Some lysine residues are oxidized to allysine by LOXL3, leading to disrupt STAT3 dimerization and inhibit STAT3 transcription activity. Oxidation of lysine residues to allysine on STAT3 preferentially takes place on lysine residues that are acetylated.

10090:Timm50
gene id: 10090:Timm50
uniprot id: Q9D880
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TIM50 family.
messages: Component of the TIM23 complex at least composed of TIMM23, TIMM17 (TIMM17A or TIMM17B) and TIMM50; within this complex, directly interacts with TIMM23. The complex interacts with the TIMM44 component of the PAM complex and with DNAJC15.
messages: Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Has some phosphatase activity in vitro; however such activity may not be relevant in vivo.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ldb3
gene id: 10090:Ldb3
uniprot id: E9PYJ9
uniprot id: Q9JKS4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed primarily in adult heart and skeletal muscle, and detected at lower levels in lung. Isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Isoform 1, isoform 3 and isoform 5 are expressed in heart, whereas isoform 2, isoform 4 and isoform 6 are expressed in skeletal muscle.
messages: Initially expressed in a myocardium-specific manner at 8.5-9 dpc and remains cardiac-restricted until day 12. Strongly expressed throughout heart in all stages examined. At 12.5 dpc expressed at low levels in non-cardiac striated muscles. By 14.5 dpc expressed at high levels in both cardiac and skeletal muscle, and also strongly expressed in striated muscles of tongue, thoracic and abdominal muscles, leg and diaphragm. The various isoforms are developmentally regulated in both skeletal and cardiac muscle. Isoform 5 and isoform 6, which are barely detectable during embryogenesis are up-regulated postnatally. In heart, isoform 3 is up-regulated developmentally, whereas the predominant isoform 1 is expressed throughout development and into adulthood. In skeletal muscle, the predominant isoform 2 is gradually replaced by isoform 4 postnatally.
messages: Interacts via its LIM domains with various PKC isoforms. Interacts via its PDZ domain with the ACTN2 C-terminal region. Interacts with MYOZ1, MYOZ2 and MYOZ3.
messages: May function as an adapter in striated muscle to couple protein kinase C-mediated signaling via its LIM domains to the cytoskeleton.
messages: Sequencing errors.
messages: Z line
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region
messages: pseudopodium

10090:Mep1b
gene id: 10090:Mep1b
uniprot id: Q61847
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotetramer consisting of disulfide-linked beta subunits, or heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits formed by non-covalent association of two disulfide-linked heterodimers. Interacts with MBL2 through its carbohydrate moiety. This interaction may inhibit its catalytic activity.
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed in kidney, intestinal brush borders, and salivary ducts. Isoform 2 has been found in carcinoma cells.
messages: Membrane metallopeptidase that sheds many membrane-bound proteins. Exhibits a strong preference for acidic amino acids at the P1' position (PubMed:11278902). Known substrates include: FGF19, VGFA, IL1B, IL18, procollagen I and III, E-cadherin, KLK7, gastrin, ADAM10, tenascin-C. The presence of several pro-inflammatory cytokine among substrates implicate MEP1B in inflammation. It is also involved in tissue remodeling due to its capability to degrade extracellular matrix components (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated; contains high mannose and/or complex biantennary structures.
messages: Proteolytically activated by trypsin in the intestinal lumen and kallikrein-related peptidases in other tissues.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly inhibited by fetuin-A/AHSG (By similarity). Inhibited by cysteine and by the metal ion chelators EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline. Not inhibited by 3,4-dichloroisocourmarin, soybean trypsin inhibitor, or the cysteine proteinase inhibitors iodoacetic acid and E-64.

10090:Ghrl
gene id: 10090:Ghrl
uniprot id: A2RSS9
uniprot id: Q7TSD1
uniprot id: Q811T4
uniprot id: Q9EQX0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity.
messages: Belongs to the motilin family.
messages: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.
messages: Levels of n-octanoylated and n-decanoylated ghrelin drop by one third and 3-fold, respectively, between postnatal weeks 3 and 4 due to change of diet during weaning.
messages: Mainly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract with higher levels in the stomach, medium levels in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon. Low expression in the testis and brain. Not detected in the salivary gland, pancreas, liver and lung.
messages: O-octanoylated by GOAT/MBOAT4 (PubMed:18443287). O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity (By similarity). The O-decanoylated form ghrelin-C10 differs in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26 (PubMed:15746259).
messages: O-octanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity.
messages: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity).
messages: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mmp10
gene id: 10090:Mmp10
uniprot id: A1L3D0
uniprot id: O55123
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: By wounding.
messages: Can bind about 5 Ca(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Can degrade fibronectin, gelatins of type I, III, IV, and V; weakly collagens III, IV, and V. Activates procollagenase.
messages: Expressed in small intestine. Weak levels in heart and lung.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Gdap1
gene id: 10090:Gdap1
uniprot id: O88741
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, spinal cord, muscles and intestinal villi. In the central nervous system expressed most prominently in the cortex, cerebellum, thalamus, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord. Expressed also in sciatic nerves and in dorsal root ganglia.
messages: First expressed at embryonic stage 13 dpc. Levels then increase gradually to reach maximum levels at adulthood.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Increased expression during neural differentiation.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Regulates the mitochondrial network by promoting mitochondrial fission.
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30.
messages: While belonging to the GST superfamily, it lacks glutathione transferase activity.

10090:Or6p1
gene id: 10090:Or6p1
uniprot id: E9Q5P8
uniprot id: Q8VG29
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Polg2
gene id: 10090:Polg2
uniprot id: Q3V3E7
uniprot id: Q9QZM2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Heterotrimer composed of a catalytic subunit and a homodimer of accessory subunits.
messages: Mitochondrial polymerase processivity subunit. It regulates the polymerase and exonuclease activities promoting processive DNA synthesis. Binds to ss-DNA.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Mcpt8
gene id: 10090:Mcpt8
uniprot id: P43430
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccdc160
gene id: 10090:Ccdc160
uniprot id: Q3UYG1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CCDC160 family.

10090:Tex2
gene id: 10090:Tex2
uniprot id: Q6ZPJ0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: During endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress or when cellular ceramide levels increase, may induce contacts between the ER and medial-Golgi complex to facilitate non-vesicular transport of ceramides from the ER to the Golgi complex where they are converted to complex sphingolipids, preventing toxic ceramide accumulation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: The SMP-LTD domain is a barrel-like domain that can bind various types of glycerophospholipids in its interior and mediate their transfer between two adjacent bilayers.

10090:Gzmk
gene id: 10090:Gzmk
uniprot id: O35205
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule

10090:Or4f14
gene id: 10090:Or4f14
uniprot id: A2BFL7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn2r115
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r115
uniprot id: E9Q0E7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or5bw2
gene id: 10090:Or5bw2
uniprot id: Q8VF34
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rragb
gene id: 10090:Rragb
uniprot id: Q6NTA4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade. Forms heterodimeric Rag complexes with RagC/RRAGC or RagD/RRAGD and cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form: RagB/RRAGB is in its active form when GTP-bound RagB/RRAGB forms a complex with GDP-bound RagC/RRAGC (or RagD/RRAGD) and in an inactive form when GDP-bound RagB/RRAGB heterodimerizes with GTP-bound RagC/RRAGC (or RagD/RRAGD). In its GTP-bound active form, promotes the recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. Involved in the RCC1/Ran-GTPase pathway.
messages: Interacts with RRAGC and RRAGD; heterodimerization stabilizes RRAG proteins (By similarity). The GTP-bound form of RRAGB (in complex with the GDP-bound form of RRAGC or RRAGD) interacts with RPTOR, thereby promoting recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomes (By similarity). Component of the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC), composed of FLCN, FNIP1 (or FNIP2), RagA/RRAGA or RagB/RRAGB GDP-bound, RagC/RRAGC or RagD/RRAGD GTP-bound, and Ragulator (By similarity). Interacts with SH3BP4; the interaction with this negative regulator is most probably direct, preferentially occurs with the inactive GDP-bound form of RRAGB, is negatively regulated by amino acids and prevents interaction with RPTOR (By similarity). Interacts with the GATOR1 complex; inactivates RRAGB (By similarity). The Rag heterodimer interacts with SLC38A9; the probable amino acid sensor. Interacts with SESN1, SESN2 and SESN3 (PubMed:25259925).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The activation of GTP-binding proteins is generally mediated by a guanine exchange factor (GEF), while inactivation through hydrolysis of bound GTP is catalyzed by a GTPase activating protein (GAP). The Ragulator complex functions as a GEF and promotes the active GTP-bound form. The GATOR1 complex functions as a GAP and stimulates RRAGB GTPase activity to turn it into its inactive GDP-bound form, preventing mTORC1 recruitment and activation.

10090:Rangap1
gene id: 10090:Rangap1
uniprot id: P46061
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RNA1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in adult brain, liver, kidney, intestine, uterus and ovary.
messages: Detected in embryos at 7.5 dpc, but not at 6 dpc.
messages: Embryonic development is arrested around 6 dpc.
messages: GTPase activator for RAN. Converts cytoplasmic GTP-bound RAN to GDP-bound RAN, which is essential for RAN-mediated nuclear import and export (PubMed:18305100). Mediates dissociation of cargo from nuclear export complexes containing XPO1, RAN and RANBP2 after nuclear export (By similarity). Required for postimplantation embryonic development (PubMed:8314081).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:7891706). Interacts with RAN (PubMed:7891706). Forms a complex with RANBP2/NUP358, NXF1 and NXT1 (By similarity). Forms a tight complex in association with RANBP2 and UBE2I/UBC9, the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (PubMed:11853669). Interacts with UBE2I; the interaction conjugates SUMO1 to RANGAP1, and subsequently stabilizes interactions of sumoylated RANGAP1 with RANBP2 (PubMed:9456312, PubMed:18305100, PubMed:11853669). The complex composed of RANBP2, SUMO1, RANGAP1 and UBE2I associates with nuclear pore complexes (By similarity). Identified in a complex composed of RAN, RANBP2, sumoylated RANGAP1, UBE2I and XPO1 (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF6 (By similarity). Interacts with SUMO1 and SENP1 (By similarity). Interacts (when sumoylated) with MYCBP2; interaction inhibits MYCBP2 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and promotes MYCBP2 translocation to the nucleus (PubMed:26304119).
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Phosphorylation occurs before nuclear envelope breakdown and continues throughout mitosis. Phosphorylated by the M-phase kinase cyclin B/Cdk1, in vitro. Differential timimg of dephosphorylation occurs during phases of mitosis. The phosphorylated form remains associated with RANBP2/NUP358 and the SUMO E2-conjugating enzyme, UBE2I, on nuclear pore complex (NPC) diassembly and during mitosis.
messages: Sumoylated (PubMed:26506250, PubMed:11853669). Sumoylation is necessary for targeting to the nuclear envelope (NE) (PubMed:16469311). Sumoylation is necessary for association with mitotic spindles and kinetochores during mitosis (By similarity). Also required for interaction with RANBP2 and is mediated by UBE2I (PubMed:9456312, PubMed:11853669). Desumoylated by HINT1 (PubMed:31088288).
messages: kinetochore
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: spindle

10090:Jam3
gene id: 10090:Jam3
uniprot id: Q9D8B7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Colocalizes with Jam2 near the lumen of seminiferous tubulues. Detected at junctional plaques that correspond to cell-cell contacts between spermatids and Sertoli cells (PubMed:15372036, PubMed:28617811). Detected on endothelial cells, in brain vessels and kidney glomeruli (at protein level) (PubMed:11053409, PubMed:11739175). Detected in heart, lung, liver, kidney, testis, thymus, lymph node and Peyer patch (PubMed:11053409, PubMed:11739175). Endothelial cells (PubMed:11739175).
messages: Detected in diploid pre-meiotic spermatocytes, haploid spermatids and elongated spermatids (PubMed:28617811, PubMed:15372036). Restricted to junctional plaques in the heads of elongated spermatids (at protein level) (PubMed:15372036).
messages: Important mortality during the postnatal period; about 40% of the mutant mice survive. Mutant males are infertile; they have strongly reduced testis size and fail to produce mature sperm cells. Developing spermatids fail to become polarized, and do not form acrosomes.
messages: Interacts with ITGAM (By similarity). Interacts with GORASP2 (PubMed:28617811).
messages: Junctional adhesion protein that mediates heterotypic cell-cell interactions with its cognate receptor JAM2 to regulate different cellular processes (PubMed:15372036, PubMed:16093349). Plays a role in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the bone marrow. At the surface of bone marrow stromal cells, it contributes to the retention of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells expressing JAM3 (PubMed:24357068). Plays a central role in leukocytes extravasation by facilitating transmigration through the endothelium (PubMed:16297198). Plays a role in spermatogenesis where JAM2 and JAM3, which are respectively expressed by Sertoli and germ cells, mediate an interaction between both cell types and play an essential role in the anchorage of germ cells onto Sertoli cells and the assembly of cell polarity complexes during spermatid differentiation (PubMed:15372036, PubMed:15994945). Also functions as a counter-receptor for ITGAM, mediating leukocyte-platelet interactions and is involved in the regulation of transepithelial migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) (PubMed:16093349). Plays a role in angiogenesis (PubMed:15994945). Plays a role in the regulation of cell migration (By similarity). During myogenesis, it is involved in myocyte fusion (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Promotes chemotaxis of vascular endothelial cells and stimulates angiogenesis.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved from endothelial cells surface into a soluble form by ADAM10 and ADAM17; the release of soluble JAM3 is increased by pro-inflammatory factors.
messages: S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC7. S-palmitoylation promotes expression at tight junctions.
messages: Secreted
messages: The Ig-like V-type domain mediates interaction with JAM2.
messages: desmosome
messages: tight junction

10090:Zfp287
gene id: 10090:Zfp287
uniprot id: Q9EQB9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in brain and at low levels in kidney and spleen and few hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfy1
gene id: 10090:Zfy1
uniprot id: P10925
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZFX/ZFY subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional activator. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGGCCY-3' (By similarity).
messages: The binding of ZFY to DNA is mediated by the interaction of the GGCC core base pairs with zinc fingers 12 and 13.

10090:Lrrc15
gene id: 10090:Lrrc15
uniprot id: Q80X72
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in chodrocytes (at protein level).
messages: In chodrocytes, expression is induced by IL1B.

10090:Ppp1r17
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r17
uniprot id: Q9Z2E4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, hippocampus, pons, medulla and eye.
messages: Inhibits phosphatase activities of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complexes.
messages: Substrate for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Thr-72 and Thr-123 is required for its phosphatase activity. Phosphorylated by PRKG1 isoform alpha.

10090:Enc1
gene id: 10090:Enc1
uniprot id: O35709
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-binding protein involved in the regulation of neuronal process formation and in differentiation of neural crest cells. Down-regulates transcription factor NF2L2/NRF2 by decreasing the rate of protein synthesis and not via a ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation mechanism (By similarity).
messages: Binds to RB1. Hypophosphorylated RB1 associates with ENC1 during neuronal differentiation, while hyperphosphorylated RB1 associates with ENC1 in undifferentiating cells. Part of a complex that contains CUL3, RBX1 and ENC1 (By similarity). Interacts indirectly with KEAP1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is highly dynamic but mostly restricted to the nervous system. Outside the nervous system, expression is detected in the rostral-most somitomere of the presomitic mesoderm, at the times corresponding to the epithelialization that precedes somite formation. First detected in the brain and spinal cord of 12 PC embryos.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Primarily expressed in the nervous system.
messages: Ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin ligase complex formed by CUL3 and RBX1 and probably targeted for proteasome-independent degradation. Quinone-induced oxidative stress increases its ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ube2r2
gene id: 10090:Ube2r2
uniprot id: Q6ZWZ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes monoubiquitination and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. May be involved in degradation of katenin.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: When phosphorylated, interacts with beta-TrCP (BTRC).

10090:Gm13040
gene id: 10090:Gm13040
uniprot id: Q4FZF9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Klhl17
gene id: 10090:Klhl17
uniprot id: Q6TDP3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with F-actin; the interaction disrupts the F-actin structures and leads to marked changes of neuronal morphology. Component of a complex, composed of PDZK1, SYNGAP1, KLHL17 and NMDA receptors. Interacts directly with PDZK1 (via PDZ1 domain); the interaction is important for integrity of actin cytoskeleton structures in neurons. Interacts with DLG4 and SYNGAP1. Interacts (via kelch repeats) with GRIK2 (via C-terminus); the interaction targets GRIK2 for degradation via ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Interacts with GRIK1. Interacts with (via BTB domain) CUL3; the interaction regulates surface GRIK2 expression (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Substrate-recognition component of some cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. The BCR(KLHL17) complex mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of GLUR6. May play a role in the actin-based neuronal function (By similarity).
messages: Synapse

10090:Sdk1
gene id: 10090:Sdk1
uniprot id: Q3UH53
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adhesion molecule that promotes lamina-specific synaptic connections in the retina. Expressed in specific subsets of interneurons and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and promotes synaptic connectivity via homophilic interactions.
messages: Belongs to the sidekick family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Does not mediate homophilic interactions (PubMed:15703275).
messages: Expressed by non-overlapping subsets of retinal neurons. Sdk1 and Sdk2 are expressed in non-overlapping subsets of interneurons and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) that form synapses in distinct inner plexiform layer (IPL) sublaminae (at protein level).
messages: Highly expressed in many fetal tissues, inlcuding kidney but shows markedly lower expression in adult organs. Expression in kidney is high throughout development with maximal expression occurring near birth.
messages: Homodimer; mediates homophilic interactions to promote cell adhesion (PubMed:15703275). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with MAGI1, MAGI2, DLG2, DLG3 and DLG4 (PubMed:20219992).
messages: Ig-like C2-type domains 1 and 2 mediate homophilic interactions.
messages: Synapse
messages: the PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with PDZ domain-containing proteins MAGI1, MAGI2, DLG2, DLG3 and DLG4 and is required for is required for synaptic localization in photoreceptors.

10090:Psme1
gene id: 10090:Psme1
uniprot id: P97371
uniprot id: Q5HZK3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PA28 family.
messages: By interferon gamma.
messages: Heterodimer of PSME1 and PSME2, which forms a hexameric ring. PSME1 can form homoheptamers (By similarity).
messages: Implicated in immunoproteasome assembly and required for efficient antigen processing. The PA28 activator complex enhances the generation of class I binding peptides by altering the cleavage pattern of the proteasome.

10090:Hpdl
gene id: 10090:Hpdl
uniprot id: Q8K248
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 4HPPD family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit.
messages: May have dioxygenase activity.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Med4
gene id: 10090:Med4
uniprot id: Q9CQA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 4 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp184
gene id: 10090:Zfp184
uniprot id: Q7TSH9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mul1
gene id: 10090:Mul1
uniprot id: Q8VCM5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Exhibits weak E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (By similarity). E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity). Can ubiquitinate AKT1 preferentially at 'Lys-284' involving 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and seems to be involved in regulation of Akt signaling by targeting phosphorylated Akt to proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Mediates polyubiquitination of cytoplasmic TP53 at 'Lys-27' which targets TP53 for proteasomal degradation, thus reducing TP53 levels in the cytoplasm and mitochondrion (By similarity). Proposed to preferentially act as a SUMO E3 ligase at physiological concentrations (By similarity). Plays a role in the control of mitochondrial morphology by promoting mitochondrial fragmentation, and influences mitochondrial localization (By similarity). Likely to promote mitochondrial fission through negatively regulating the mitochondrial fusion proteins MFN1 and MFN2, acting in a pathway that is parallel to the PRKN/PINK1 regulatory pathway (PubMed:24898855). May also be involved in the sumoylation of the membrane fission protein DNM1L (By similarity). Inhibits cell growth (By similarity). When overexpressed, activates JNK through MAP3K7/TAK1 and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis (By similarity). Involved in the modulation of innate immune defense against viruses by inhibiting RIGI-dependent antiviral response (By similarity). Can mediate RIGI sumoylation and disrupt its polyubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in cortical neurons (at protein level).
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with MAP3K7/TAK1. Interacts with UBC9. Interacts with and sumoylates DNM1L. Interacts with MAVS. Interacts with TP53 (via N-terminus); the interaction leads to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TP53.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Peroxisome
messages: The zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30.

10090:Mad2l1bp
gene id: 10090:Mad2l1bp
uniprot id: Q9DCX1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAD2L1BP family.
messages: Interacts with MAD2L1.
messages: May function to silence the spindle checkpoint and allow mitosis to proceed through anaphase by binding MAD2L1 after it has become dissociated from the MAD2L1-CDC20 complex.
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: spindle

10090:Mief2
gene id: 10090:Mief2
uniprot id: Q5NCS9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MID49/MID51 family.
messages: Does not bind ADP or other nucleotides, in contrast to MIEF1.
messages: Interacts with DNM1L.
messages: Mitochondrial outer membrane protein which regulates mitochondrial organization. It is required for mitochondrial fission and promotes the recruitment and association of the fission mediator dynamin-related protein 1 (DNM1L) to the mitochondrial surface independently of the mitochondrial fission FIS1 and MFF proteins. Regulates DNM1L GTPase activity.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Theg
gene id: 10090:Theg
uniprot id: Q9JMB1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Kisimo' is a Japanese word for goddess of easy delivery.
messages: According to PubMed:10747865, mice lacking Theg (mutant kisimo) have virtually no spermatozoa in the lumina of seminiferous and epididymal tubules. Spermatids in the vicinity of the lumina of seminiferous tubules showed vacuolation and were occasionally phagocytosed by Sertoli cells. Elongated spermatids have abnormal or completely nonexistent flagella. No difference is seen between wild type and null mutants in the number of spermatogonia or spermatocytes. According to PubMed:12748127 null mutants appear phenotypically normal and were fertile. However, a minor but significant reduction in testes weight was observed. Morphological appearance of sperm was normal.
messages: Expression in testis detected after stage P20, when haploid germ cells appeared in testis.
messages: Interacts with CCT5.
messages: May be involved (but not essential) in spermatogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis specific (at protein level). Specifically expressed in spermatids; Sertoli cells maintain the level of expression in spermatids. If isolated spermatids are cultivated for 16 hours alone, the expression of THEG is down-regulated. May require signals from Sertoli cells to initiate changes in its gene expression through spermatogenesis.

10090:Mlkl
gene id: 10090:Mlkl
uniprot id: Q9D2Y4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated via binding to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which mediates the release of an N-terminal auto-inhibitory region (By similarity). Activation requires not only RIPK3-dependent phosphorylation but also binding to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in thymus, colon, intestine, liver, spleen and lung. Expressed at much lower level in skeletal muscle, heart and kidney. Not detected in brain.
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Homotrimer; forms homotrimers on necroptosis induction (By similarity). Upon TNF-induced necrosis, forms in complex with PGAM5, RIPK1 and RIPK3 (By similarity). Within this complex, may play a role in the proper targeting of RIPK1-RIPK3 to its downstream effector PGAM5 (By similarity). Interacts with RIPK3; the interaction is direct and promotes its phosphorylation and subsequent activation (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:23612963, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729).
messages: In contrast to human protein, not inhibited by necrosulfonamide, because a Trp residue is present instead of a Cys in position 85.
messages: Interaction with RIPK3 is species specific: mouse MLKL only interacts with mouse RIPK3 and not human RIPK3.
messages: No visible phenotype: mice are viable, fertile and do not developmental or homeostatic phenotype in the absence of overt stress (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:24012422). However, these mice are resistant to TNF-induced necroptosis (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:24012422). At a modestly lethal dose of influenza A virus (IAV), mice do not display increased rates of mortality (PubMed:27321907, PubMed:32200799). Perinatal lethality observed in Ripk1 knockout mice is rescued in knockout mice lacking both Ripk1 and Mlkl (PubMed:27819681).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by RIPK3 induces a conformational switch that is required for necroptosis (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729, PubMed:32200799). It also induces homotrimerization and localization to the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Pseudokinase that plays a key role in TNF-induced necroptosis, a programmed cell death process (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24019532, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Does not have protein kinase activity (PubMed:24012422). Activated following phosphorylation by RIPK3, leading to homotrimerization, localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24019532). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Binds to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which is essential for its necroptotic function (By similarity).
messages: The coiled coil region 2 is responsible for homotrimerization.
messages: The protein kinase domain is catalytically inactive but contains an unusual pseudoactive site with an interaction between Lys-219 and Gln-343 residues (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729). Upon phosphorylation by RIPK3, undergoes an active conformation (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729).

10090:Eef1a2
gene id: 10090:Eef1a2
uniprot id: P62631
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
messages: Found in a wide range of tissues.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The statin expression is specific for nonproliferating cells. Its message is most abundant in G0 phase of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts, but becomes significantly reduced in G1 and S1 phases cells.
messages: This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
messages: Trimethylated at Lys-165 by EEF1AKMT3. Mono-, di-, and trimethylated at Lys-36 by EEF1AKMT4; trimethylated form is predominant. Methylation by EEF1AKMT4 contributes to the fine-tuning of translation rates for a subset of tRNAs. Trimethylated at the N-terminus and dimethylated at Lys-55 by METTL13.

10090:Prlhr
gene id: 10090:Prlhr
uniprot id: Q6VMN6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Increased nociceptive thresholds, increased stress-induced analgesia and reduced morphine tolerance.
messages: Interacts through its C-terminal region with the PDZ domain-containing proteins GRIP1, GRIP2 and PICK1. Interacts with PDZ domains 4 and 5 of GRIP1 and with the PDZ domain of PICK1 (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP). Implicated in lactation, regulation of food intake and pain-signal processing.

10090:Mkx
gene id: 10090:Mkx
uniprot id: B2RQ30
uniprot id: Q8BIA3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TALE/IRO homeobox family.
messages: May act as a morphogenetic regulator of cell adhesion. Participates in the early events that lead to differentiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcribed in developmentally important regions that give rise to skeletal muscle, tendons, cartilage, male gonads, and the ureteric buds of the kidney. Expressed in discrete premyogenic cell populations of the somite, in the condensing prechondrogenic mesenchymal cells of the axial skeleton, in the pretendenous cells of the tail and limbs, the testis cords of the developing male gonad, and in the metanephric kidney.

10090:Tfap2e
gene id: 10090:Tfap2e
uniprot id: Q6VUP9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AP-2 family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members (By similarity).
messages: Expressed most prominently in the mitral cell layer of the developing olfactory bulb and to a lesser extent in the granule cell layer. Also expressed in skin, articular cartilage, primary chondrocytes, and chondrosarcoma cell line SW1353.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC. AP-2-epsilon may play a role in the development of the CNS and in cartilage differentiation.

10090:Or1o1
gene id: 10090:Or1o1
uniprot id: Q7TRK4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Xiap
gene id: 10090:Xiap
uniprot id: Q60989
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the IAP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in small intestine crypts (at protein level) (PubMed:30389919). Expressed in bulge hair follicle stem cells, sebaceous glands and dermal papillae (at protein level) (PubMed:23788729).
messages: In knockout mice decreased number of Paneth cells in intestinal crypts, decreased proliferation and increased goblet cells in the intestinal villi (PubMed:30389919). Increased weight loss following intestinal wounding, increased inflammation, distorted tissue architecture, muscle thickening and greater crypt loss (PubMed:30389919). Delayed dermal wound repair (PubMed:23788729). SEPTIN4 and XIAP double knockout mice show delayed dermal wound repair and hair follicle regeneration, via increased apoptosis of hair follicle stem cells (PubMed:23788729).
messages: Monomer, and homodimer. Interacts (via BIR3 domain) with DIABLO/SMAC; the interaction inhibits apoptotic suppressor activity (By similarity). Interacts with HTRA2/PRSS25; the interaction inhibits apoptotic suppressor activity. Interacts with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and AIFM1. Interaction with DIABLO/SMAC hinders binding of TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and AIFM1. Interacts with TCF25 and COMMD1. Interacts (via BIR3 domain) with SEPTIN4 (PubMed:30389919). Interacts with RIP1, RIP2, RIP3, RIP4, CCS and USP19. Interacts (via BIR 2 domain and BIR 3 domain) with HAX1 (via C-terminus) and this interaction blocks ubiquitination of XIAP/BIRC4. Interacts with the monomeric form of BIRC5/survivin (By similarity). Interacts with TLE3 and TCF7L2/TCF4 (By similarity). Interacts (via BIR 3 and RING domains) with PDCL3 (By similarity).
messages: Multi-functional protein which regulates not only caspases and apoptosis, but also modulates inflammatory signaling and immunity, copper homeostasis, mitogenic kinase signaling, cell proliferation, as well as cell invasion and metastasis (By similarity). Acts as a direct caspase inhibitor (By similarity). Directly bind to the active site pocket of CASP3 and CASP7 and obstructs substrate entry (By similarity). Inhibits apoptosis in intestinal crypt cells, its activity is mitigated via its interaction with SEPTIN4 isoform ARTS (PubMed:30389919). Inactivates CASP9 by keeping it in a monomeric, inactive state (By similarity). Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase regulating NF-kappa-B signaling and the target proteins for its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity include: RIPK1, RIPK2, MAP3K2/MEKK2, DIABLO/SMAC, AIFM1, CCS, PTEN and BIRC5/survivin (PubMed:18761086, PubMed:19473982). Acts as an important regulator of innate immunity by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of RIPK2 downstream of NOD1 and NOD2, thereby transforming RIPK2 into a scaffolding protein for downstream effectors, ultimately leading to activation of the NF-kappa-B and MAP kinases signaling (PubMed:29452636). 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of RIPK2 also promotes recruitment of the LUBAC complex to RIPK2 (By similarity). Regulates the BMP signaling pathway and the SMAD and MAP3K7/TAK1 dependent pathways leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation (By similarity). Ubiquitination of CCS leads to enhancement of its chaperone activity toward its physiologic target, SOD1, rather than proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitination of MAP3K2/MEKK2 and AIFM1 does not lead to proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Plays a role in copper homeostasis by ubiquitinating COMMD1 and promoting its proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Can also function as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway, targeting effector caspases for neddylation and inactivation (By similarity).…
messages: Nucleus
messages: S-Nitrosylation down-regulates its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity.
messages: The first BIR domain is involved in interaction with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and is important for dimerization. The second BIR domain is sufficient to inhibit caspase-3 and caspase-7, while the third BIR is involved in caspase-9 inhibition. The interactions with DIABLO/SMAC and HTRA2/PRSS25 are mediated by the second and third BIR domains (By similarity).

10090:Cyp3a41b
gene id: 10090:Cyp3a41b
uniprot id: Q9JMA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Detected immediately after birth in the livers of animals of both sexes, but increases with age in females, whereas it is gradually reduced in males, resulting in predominantly female-specific expression in livers.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver. Also expressed in the kidneys of female mice, with traces in the stomach, ovary, and heart of female mice and in the testis of male mice.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Zdhhc25
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc25
uniprot id: Q810M4
names: Domain
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Plin2
gene id: 10090:Plin2
uniprot id: P43883
uniprot id: Q3U711
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acylated; primarily with C14, C16 and C18 fatty acids.
messages: Adipose tissue specific. Expressed abundantly and preferentially in fat pads.
messages: Belongs to the perilipin family.
messages: By dexamethasone.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-230 by isoform 1 of CHKA (CHKalpha2) promotes dissociation from lipid droplets: dissociation is followed by recruitment of autophagosome machinery to lipid droplets and subsequent lipid droplet lipolysis.
messages: Structural component of lipid droplets, which is required for the formation and maintenance of lipid storage droplets.

10090:Apaf1
gene id: 10090:Apaf1
uniprot id: G3XA09
uniprot id: O88879
uniprot id: Q5DU30
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: High levels in embryonic brain and liver from 11.5 dpc to 17.5 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in lung and spleen, weakly in brain and kidney and not detectable in liver.
messages: Major isoform.
messages: Monomer. Oligomerizes to a heptameric ring, known as the apoptosome, upon binding of cytochrome c and dATP. Oligomeric Apaf-1 and pro-caspase-9 bind to each other via their respective NH2-terminal CARD domains and consecutively mature caspase-9 is released from the complex (By similarity). Interacts with UACA. It may also interact with Bcl-XL. Interacts with APIP. Interacts (via CARD and NACHT domains) with NAIP/BIRC1 (via NACHT domain) (By similarity). Interacts with CIAO2A (By similarity).
messages: Monomer. Oligomerizes upon binding of cytochrome c and dATP.
messages: Oligomeric Apaf-1 mediates the cytochrome c-dependent autocatalytic activation of pro-caspase-9 (Apaf-3), leading to the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. This activation requires ATP (By similarity).
messages: Oligomeric Apaf-1 mediates the cytochrome c-dependent autocatalytic activation of pro-caspase-9 (Apaf-3), leading to the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. This activation requires ATP.
messages: Physiological concentrations of calcium ions negatively affect the assembly of apoptosome by inhibiting nucleotide exchange in the monomeric form.
messages: The CARD domain mediates interaction with APIP.
messages: The monomeric form is autoinhibited in a closed conformation through a bound ADP at the nucleotide binding site. Exchange of ADP for ATP and binding of cytochrome c trigger a large conformational change where the first WD repeat region swings out, allowing the NB-ARC domain to rotate and expose the contact areas for oligomerization.

10090:Cdh6
gene id: 10090:Cdh6
uniprot id: P97326
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in fetal, newborn and 7-day-old testis but not in 21-day-old or adult testis.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Zc3h12a
gene id: 10090:Zc3h12a
uniprot id: Q5D1E7
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ZC3H12 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Endoribonuclease involved in various biological functions such as cellular inflammatory response and immune homeostasis, glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells, cell death of cardiomyocytes, adipogenesis and angiogenesis. Functions as an endoribonuclease involved in mRNA decay (PubMed:26000482). Modulates the inflammatory response by promoting the degradation of a set of translationally active cytokine-induced inflammation-related mRNAs, such as IL6 and IL12B, during the early phase of inflammation (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689, PubMed:23185455, PubMed:26000482). Prevents aberrant T-cell-mediated immune reaction by degradation of multiple mRNAs controlling T-cell activation, such as those encoding cytokines (IL6 and IL2), cell surface receptors (ICOS, TNFRSF4 and TNFR2) and transcription factor (REL) (PubMed:23706741, PubMed:26000482, PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689, PubMed:23185455). Inhibits cooperatively with ZC3H12A the differentiation of helper T cells Th17 in lungs. They repress target mRNA encoding the Th17 cell-promoting factors IL6, ICOS, REL, IRF4, NFKBID and NFKBIZ. The cooperation requires RNA-binding by RC3H1 and the nuclease activity of ZC3H12A (PubMed:25282160). Together with RC3H1, destabilizes TNFRSF4/OX40 mRNA by binding to the conserved stem loop structure in its 3'UTR (PubMed:29244194). Self regulates by destabilizing its own mRNA (PubMed:22037600). Cleaves mRNA harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-dependent manner (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:23185455, PubMed:23706741, PubMed:26000482, PubMed:26134560). Plays a role in the inhibition of microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis (By similarity). Cleaves the terminal loop of a set of precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) important for the regulation of the inflammatory response leading to their degradation, and thus preventing the biosynthesis of mature miRNAs (By similarity). Also plays a role in promoting angiogenesis in respo…
messages: Expressed in CD4(+) helper T-cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29244194). Highly expressed in macrophages (PubMed:18178554). Expressed in lung, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus (PubMed:22037600). Expressed weakly in heart (PubMed:21616078). Expressed weakly in cardiomyocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:16574901). Expressed in spleen, lung, intestine, brown adipose tissue and thymus (PubMed:18682727). Weakly expressed in the heart (PubMed:16574901). Weakly expressed in cardiomyocytes (PubMed:16574901).
messages: Increased expression of ZC3H12A is associated with ischemic heart disease (PubMed:16574901).
messages: Mg(2+) is required for RNase activity (PubMed:19322177).
messages: Most mice die within the first 12 weeks (PubMed:21115689). Show severe inflammatory syndromes, including growth retardation, splenomegaly and lymphoadenopathy (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689). show systemic inflammation characterized by T-cell and B-cell activation (PubMed:23706741). Exhibit greatly increased levels of plasma cells and infiltration of plasma cells into the lungs (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689). Show elevated serum immunoglobulin levels and produce anti-nuclear autoantibodies (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:23706741). Mice show increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNAs and secreted protein levels, such as IL6, TNF and PTGS2 expression upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in bone marrow macrophages (BBMs) or embryonic fibroblasts, particularly in the early phase of the inflammatory response (PubMed:21115689, PubMed:26000482). Show impaired degradation of IL6 mRNA (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689). Show an increased in both JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathway activations upon LPS stimulation (PubMed:21115689). Show an increase in global ubiquitinated protein level in splenocytes (PubMed:21115689). Display a drastic increase in both basal and LPS- or TNF-induced ubiquitination of TRAF2, TRAF3 and TRAF6 in splenocytes (PubMed:21115689). Splenocytes show spontaneously formed aggregation of stress granules (SGs) and were resistant to stress-induced apoptosis (PubMed:21971051). Heterozygous knockout mice display IL-17-dependent enhanced resistance to disseminated Candida albicans infection compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:26320658). Double knockout of ZC3H12A and RC3H1 result in embryonic developmental arrest and death; embryonic fibroblasts from these mice show a higher increase in IL6, TNF and PTGS2 expression upon LPS stimulation, both in early and late phases of the responses, compared to single knockout of either ZC3H12A or RC3H1 (PubMed:26000482). T-cell specific conditional knockout mice die within the first 8 to 17 weeks after b…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oligomer (By similarity). Found in a deubiquitination complex with TANK, USP10 and ZC3H12A; this complex inhibits genotoxic stress- or interleukin-1-beta-mediated NF-kappaB activation by promoting IKBKG or TRAF6 deubiquitination. Interacts with IKBKG; this interaction increases in response to DNA damage. Interacts with TANK; this interaction increases in response to DNA damage and serves as a bridge to anchor both TANK and USP10 into a deubiquitinating complex. Interacts with TRAF6; this interaction increases in response to DNA damage and is stimulated by TANK. Interacts with USP10; this interaction increases in response to DNA damage and serves as a bridge to anchor both TANK and USP10 into a deubiquitinating complex. Interacts with ZC3H12D. Interacts with TNRC6A. Interacts with IKBKB/IKKB. Interacts with IKBKB/IKKB (By similarity). Interacts with IKBKB/IKKB (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with BTRC; the interaction occurs when ZC3H12A is phosphorylated in a IKBKB/IKKB-dependent manner (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with IRAK1; this interaction increases the interaction between ZC3H12A and IKBKB/IKKB (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with UPF1; this interaction occurs in a mRNA translationally active- and termination-dependent manner and is essential for ZC3H12A-mediated degradation of target mRNAs (PubMed:26000482). Associates with ribosomes (PubMed:26000482). Interacts with ubiquitin (PubMed:21115689).
messages: P-body
messages: Phosphorylated by IRAK1; phosphorylation is necessary for subsequent phosphorylation by the I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) complex. Phosphorylated by I-kappa-B-kinases (IKKs) at Ser-435 and Ser-439 upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL1B stimulation in macrophages through the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway; these phosphorylations promote rapid ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of ZC3H12A in macrophages and hence allows its target mRNAs, such as IL6, to escape from degradation and accumulate during the inflammatory response (PubMed:22037600).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved between Arg-111 and Arg-214 by MALT1 in activated T-cells; cleavage at Arg-111 is critical for promoting ZC3H12A degradation in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, and hence is necessary for prolonging the stability of a set of mRNAs controlling T-cell activation and Th17 cell differentiation.
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The C3H1-type zinc finger domain and C-terminal region are necessary for pre-miRNA binding (By similarity). The C-terminal region and proline-rich domain are necessary for oligomerization (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination is induced in response to interleukin IL1 receptor stimuli in a IKBKB/IKKB and IRAK1-dependent manner, leading to proteasome-mediated degradation (PubMed:22037600).
messages: Up-regulated by the transcription factor KLF4 in a interleukin IL4-dependent manner in macrophage (PubMed:25934862). Up-regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (at protein level) (PubMed:21616078). Up-regulated by chemokine CCL2 during adipocytes differentiation (PubMed:19666473). Up-regulated in activated T lymphocytes (PubMed:23185455). Up-regulated in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a MyD88-dependent manner in macrophages (PubMed:18178554, PubMed:18682727, PubMed:19322177). Up-regulated by phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate (PMA) in primary T lymphocytes (PubMed:23185455). Up-regulated by interleukin IL17 in keratinocytes (PubMed:26320658).

10090:Nob1
gene id: 10090:Nob1
uniprot id: Q148S3
uniprot id: Q8BW10
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NOB1 family.
messages: May interact with UPF2 (Probable). Component of the small ribosomal subunit, ribosomal RNA processing complex (SSU RRP complex) (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in mRNA degradation (By similarity). Endonuclease required for processing of 20S pre-rRNA precursor and biogenesis of 40S ribosomal subunits (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in mRNA degradation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dnah7b
gene id: 10090:Dnah7b
uniprot id: A0A571BD48
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.

10090:Car14
gene id: 10090:Car14
uniprot id: Q9WVT6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Inhibited by acetazolamide.
messages: Membrane
messages: Most abundant in the kidney and heart, followed by the skeletal muscle, brain, lung and liver.
messages: Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.

10090:Pxk
gene id: 10090:Pxk
uniprot id: Q8BX57
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Binds to and modulates brain Na,K-ATPase subunits ATP1B1 and ATP1B3 and may thereby participate in the regulation of electrical excitability and synaptic transmission. May not display kinase activity.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Isoform 1 is present in all tissues examined. Isoform 2 is found in all tissues except skeletal muscle and very low levels in spleen. Both isoforms are widely expressed throughout the nervous system however levels of isoform 2 are higher in purified hippocampal and cortical neurons whereas glial cells express more isoform 1 than isoform 2.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:Dll3
gene id: 10090:Dll3
uniprot id: O88516
uniprot id: Q3UND5
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A truncating mutation in Dll3 is the cause of the pudgy (pu) phenotype. Pudgy mice exhibit patterning defects at the earliest stages of somitogenesis. Adult pudgy mice present severe vertebral and rib deformities.
messages: Can bind and activate Notch-1 or another Notch receptor.
messages: Inhibits primary neurogenesis. May be required to divert neurons along a specific differentiation pathway. Plays a role in the formation of somite boundaries during segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in the neuroectoderm and paraxial mesoderm during embryogenesis.
messages: The DSL domain is required for binding to the Notch receptor.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MIB (MIB1 or MIB2), leading to its endocytosis and subsequent degradation.

10090:Pramel5
gene id: 10090:Pramel5
uniprot id: Q7TPY4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Mrpl58
gene id: 10090:Mrpl58
uniprot id: Q8R035
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family. Mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL62 subfamily.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins.
messages: Essential peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase component of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:20869366). Acts as a codon-independent translation release factor that has lost all stop codon specificity and directs the termination of translation in mitochondrion, possibly in case of abortive elongation. May be involved in the hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNAs that have been prematurely terminated and thus in the recycling of stalled mitochondrial ribosomes (By similarity).
messages: In contrast to other members of the family, lacks the regions that come into close contact with the mRNA in the ribosomal A-site and determine the STOP codon specificity, explaining the loss of codon specificity for translation release factor activity.
messages: Methylation of glutamine in the GGQ triplet by HEMK1.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:C5ar2
gene id: 10090:C5ar2
uniprot id: E9PVQ2
uniprot id: E9QQ21
uniprot id: Q8BW93
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like receptor (CMKLR) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in liver and spleen. Lower levels in intestine, brain and kidney. Also expressed in adipose tissues with highest levels in gonadal and ingual fat depots. Lower levels in brown tissue.
messages: Interacts with C3 (the anaphylatoxin peptide C3a and the adipogenic hormone ASP); the interaction occurs with higher affinity for ASP, enhancing the phosphorylation and activation of GPR77, recruitment of ARRB2 to the cell surface and endocytosis of GRP77.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for the chemotactic and inflammatory C3a, C4a and C5a anaphylatoxin peptides and also for their dearginated forms ASP/C3adesArg, C4adesArg and C5adesArg respectively. Couples weakly to G(i)-mediated signaling pathways (By similarity).

10090:Nt5e
gene id: 10090:Nt5e
uniprot id: Q0VEE0
uniprot id: Q61503
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 5'-nucleotidase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleotide monophosphates, releasing inorganic phosphate and the corresponding nucleoside (PubMed:8224905). Hydrolyzes IMP (PubMed:8224905). Shows a preference for ribonucleotide monophosphates over their equivalent deoxyribose forms (By similarity). Although AMP is the preferred substrate can also hydrolyze UMP, GMP, CMP, dAMP, dCMP, dTMP, NAD and NMN (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in the placenta, kidney, lung and stomach and at lower levels in the thymus, spleen, skeletal muscle and esophagus.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ssh3
gene id: 10090:Ssh3
uniprot id: Q8K330
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
messages: Does not bind to, or colocalize with, filamentous actin.
messages: Expressed in brain, small intestine and testis. Also expressed at lower levels in heart, kidney, liver, spleen and thymus.
messages: Expressed in the nervous system and epithelial tissues of the trachea at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase which may play a role in the regulation of actin filament dynamics. Can dephosphorylate and activate the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, which subsequently binds to actin filaments and stimulates their disassembly.
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase activity has not been demonstrated for this protein to date.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mc5r
gene id: 10090:Mc5r
uniprot id: G3UWB6
uniprot id: P41149
uniprot id: Q496T0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for MSH (alpha, beta and gamma) and ACTH. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. This receptor is a possible mediator of the immunomodulation properties of melanocortins.
messages: Skin, adrenal gland, skeletal muscle, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, gonads, uterus and brain.

10090:Rbm42
gene id: 10090:Rbm42
uniprot id: Q91V81
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RRM RBM42 family.
messages: Binds (via the RRM domain) to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of CDKN1A mRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in cell lines (at protein level). Expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: Interacts with HNRNPK.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Enpp6
gene id: 10090:Enpp6
uniprot id: Q8BGN3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At postnatal day 2 (P2) and P4, is detected in immature oligodendrocytes, where it was predominantly found both in the processes and cell bodies. In contrast, at P12 and P14, it is found mainly in myelin sheaths.
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Choline-specific glycerophosphodiesterase that hydrolyzes glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and contributes to supplying choline to the cells (PubMed:15788404, PubMed:26888014). Has a preference for LPC with short (12:0 and 14:0) or polyunsaturated (18:2 and 20:4) fatty acids (PubMed:15788404). In vitro, hydrolyzes only choline-containing lysophospholipids, such as sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), platelet-activating factor (PAF) and lysoPAF, but not other lysophospholipids (PubMed:15788404).
messages: Enpp6 knockout mice give birth according to the Mendelian rule and are apparently normal. Mice exhibit mild symptoms of fatty liver and are more susceptible to a choline-deficient diet and exhibit severe fatty liver phenotypes at the early stage.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:26888014). Homotetramer (PubMed:26888014).
messages: Inhibited by EDTA and EGTA in vitro.
messages: Predominantly expressed in kidney with a lesser expression in brain and heart (PubMed:15788404, PubMed:26888014). In the brain and spinal cord, mainly expressed in the white matter. In oligodendrocytes, is predominantly detected in the myelin sheath. In the kidney, is predominantly expressed in the luminal side of the renal tubule in the cortex and in the proximal renal tubules. It is expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (PubMed:26888014).

10090:Tnfsf12
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf12
uniprot id: O54907
uniprot id: Q5F2A0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Binds to FN14 and possibly also to TNRFSF12/APO3. Weak inducer of apoptosis in some cell types. Mediates NF-kappa-B activation. Promotes angiogenesis and the proliferation of endothelial cells. Also involved in induction of inflammatory cytokines. Promotes IL8 secretion (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with the angiogenic factor AGGF1/VG5Q (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The soluble form is produced from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Aldh1l1
gene id: 10090:Aldh1l1
uniprot id: Q8R0Y6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytosolic 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase that catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent conversion of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and carbon dioxide (PubMed:31624291). May also have an NADP(+)-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase activity towards formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, and benzaldehyde (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in liver (at protein level) (PubMed:31624291). Also expressed in pancreas, brain and lung (at protein level) (PubMed:31624291).
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable, fertile, develop normally and do not display overt phenotype (PubMed:31624291). However, they have metabolic signs of folate deficiency like the accumulation of formiminoglutamate (PubMed:31624291). Mice show reduced hepatic folate pools with a strong accumulation of (6S)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate and a significant drop in tetrahydrofolate levels (PubMed:31624291). This is associated with a strong decrease of glycine levels as well as levels of several glycine conjugates (PubMed:31624291).
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family. ALDH1L subfamily.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GART family.
messages: Phosphopantetheinylation at Ser-354 by AASDHPPT is required for the formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activity.
messages: The C-terminal aldehyde dehydrogenase domain has an NADP-dependent dehydrogenase activity. It catalyzes the oxidation of formate, released by the hydrolysis of formyltetrahydrofolate, into CO2.
messages: The N-terminal hydrolase domain has an NADP-independent formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase activity, releasing formate and tetrahydrofolate.
messages: The carrier domain is phosphopantetheinylated and uses the 4'-phosphopantetheine/4'-PP swinging arm to transfer the formyl group released by the N-terminal formyltetrahydrofolate hydrolase activity to the C-terminal aldehyde dehydrogenase domain that catalyzes its NADP-dependent oxidation into CO2. The overall NADP-dependent physiological reaction requires the 3 domains (N-terminal hydrolase, C-terminal aldehyde dehydrogenase and carrier domains) to convert formyltetrahydrofolate into tetrahydrofolate and CO2.
messages: cytosol

10090:Myh8
gene id: 10090:Myh8
uniprot id: P13542
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Limited proteolysis of myosin heavy chain produces 1 light meromyosin (LMM) and 1 heavy meromyosin (HMM). HMM can be further cleaved into 2 globular subfragments (S1) and 1 rod-shaped subfragment (S2).
messages: Muscle contraction.
messages: Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2).
messages: The rodlike tail sequence is highly repetitive, showing cycles of a 28-residue repeat pattern composed of 4 heptapeptides, characteristic for alpha-helical coiled coils.
messages: myofibril

10090:Rbbp4
gene id: 10090:Rbbp4
uniprot id: Q60972
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family.
messages: Binds directly to helix 1 of the histone fold of histone H4, a region that is not accessible when H4 is in chromatin (By similarity). Subunit of the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is composed of RBBP4, CHAF1B and CHAF1A (By similarity). Subunit of the core histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, which is composed of HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4 and RBBP7 (By similarity). The core HDAC complex associates with SIN3A, ARID4B/SAP180, SAP18, SAP30, SAP130, SUDS3/SAP45 and possibly ARID4A/RBP1 and ING1 to form the SIN3 HDAC complex (By similarity). Component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) repressor complex, composed of core proteins MTA1, MTA2, MTA3, RBBP4, RBBP7, HDAC1, HDAC2, MBD2, MBD3, and peripherally associated proteins CDK2AP1, CDK2AP2, GATAD2A, GATAD2B, CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 (By similarity) The exact stoichiometry of the NuRD complex is unknown, and some subunits such as MBD2 and MBD3, GATAD2A and GATAD2B, and CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 define mutually exclusive NuRD complexes (By similarity). The NuRD complex may also interact with MBD3L1 and MBD3L2 (By similarity). Component of the PRC2 complex, which consists of the core subunits EED, EZH1 or EZH2, SUZ12, and RBBP4, and various combinations of accessory subunits including AEBP2, JARID2, PHF19, MTF2 and EPOP (PubMed:19026780). Forms a monomeric PRC2.2 (class 2) complex consisting of at least SUZ12, RBBP4, AEBP2 and JARID2 (By similarity). Forms a dimeric PRC2.1 (class 1, PRC-PCL) complex consisting of at least SUZ12, RBBP4, and PHF19; PHF19 stabilizes the dimeric structure which enhances PRC2 interaction with chromatin (By similarity). Component of the NURF-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex (also called the nucleosome-remodeling factor (NURF) complex) at least composed of SMARCA1 (isoform 2), BPTF, RBBP4 and RBBP7 (PubMed:10866654). Within the complex interacts with isoform 2 of SMARCA1 (By similarity). Component of the BPFT-SMARCA1 complex at least composed of SMARCA1 (isoform 1), BPFT, RBB…
messages: Core histone-binding subunit that may target chromatin assembly factors, chromatin remodeling factors and histone deacetylases to their histone substrates in a manner that is regulated by nucleosomal DNA. Component of several complexes which regulate chromatin metabolism. These include the chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) complex, which is required for chromatin assembly following DNA replication and DNA repair; the core histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex, which promotes histone deacetylation and consequent transcriptional repression; the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase complex (the NuRD complex), which promotes transcriptional repression by histone deacetylation and nucleosome remodeling; the PRC2 complex, which promotes repression of homeotic genes during development; and the NURF (nucleosome remodeling factor) complex.
messages: Higher levels in brain, thymus, lung, spleen, kidney, testis, and ovary/uterus; lower levels in heart, liver, and muscle.
messages: Nucleus
messages: telomere

10090:Pfn1
gene id: 10090:Pfn1
uniprot id: P62962
uniprot id: Q3U7V7
uniprot id: Q5SX50
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the profilin family.
messages: Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations. By binding to PIP2, it inhibits the formation of IP3 and DG. Inhibits androgen receptor (AR) and HTT aggregation and binding of G-actin is essential for its inhibition of AR (By similarity).
messages: Found in a complex with XPO6, Ran, ACTB and PFN1 (By similarity). Interacts with HTT (By similarity). Interacts with VASP (By similarity). Interacts with SH3BGRL (By similarity). Occurs in many kinds of cells as a complex with monomeric actin in a 1:1 ratio (By similarity). Interacts with ACTMAP (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-138 reduces its affinity for G-actin and blocks its interaction with HTT, reducing its ability to inhibit androgen receptor (AR) and HTT aggregation.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Kcnc2
gene id: 10090:Kcnc2
uniprot id: A0A1W2P796
uniprot id: Q14B80
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. C (Shaw) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv3.2/KCNC2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotetramer and heterotetramer with other channel-forming alpha subunits, such as KCNC1 (PubMed:10531438). Interacts with KCNC1 (PubMed:10531438, PubMed:12000114). Homotetramer or heterotetramer channel activity is regulated by association with modulating ancillary subunits such as KCNE1, KCNE2 and KCNE3, creating a functionally diverse range of channel complexes. Interacts with KCNE1, KCNE2 and KCNE3 (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by millimolar levels of tetraethylammonium (TEA). Contrary to other channels, inhibited only by millimolar levels of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Inhibited by Stichodactyla helianthus peptide ShK.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are healthy, grow normally, are fertile and show no evidence of severe sensory or motor abnormalities (PubMed:11124984). Show increased seizure susceptibility and reduced long-range synchronization of gamma oscillations over distance in the neocortex (PubMed:22539821). Thalamocortical neurons show a strong attenuation in maximal peak firing rates, with larger spikes and slower action potential repolarization (PubMed:17761775). Neocortical GABAergic interneurons display broader spikes and sustain lower trains of high-frequency spikes without accommodation or spike doublets in rapid succession (PubMed:11124984, PubMed:22539821). Histamine H2 receptor- and PKA-induced hippocampal inhibitory interneurons display no maximal sustainable firing frequency modulation (PubMed:10903572). Double knockout of KCNC2 and KCNC1 exhibited disrupted daily rhythms in wheel-running behavior (PubMed:21414897). Display smaller outward currents and slower deactivation in starburst amacrine cells compared with KCNC2 knockout mice (PubMed:15317859). Neocortical GABAergic interneuron terminals display also a reduced rate of spike repolarization, broader spike, increased calcium influx and release of GABA neurotransmitter (PubMed:15917463). Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons display a reduction in the magnitude of fast delayed rectifier potassium currents, wider action potentials, reduced spontaneous firing activity during the day and reduced NMDA-evoked increase firing responses during the night (PubMed:21414897).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA in cortical synaptosomes. cAMP-dependent phosphorylation inhibits channel activity (By similarity). Histamine H2 receptor- and PKA-induced phosphorylation extends action potential spike duration, reduces action potential spike amplitude, sustains maximum firing frequency in hippocampal interneurons; also reduces the incidence of high-frequency oscillations in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cell layers (PubMed:10903572).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.
messages: Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain. Contributes to the regulation of the fast action potential repolarization and in sustained high-frequency firing in neurons of the central nervous system (PubMed:10561420, PubMed:10414303, PubMed:11124984, PubMed:10903572, PubMed:11506885, PubMed:15317859, PubMed:15917463, PubMed:17761775, PubMed:21414897). Homotetramer channels mediate delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent potassium currents that activate rapidly at high-threshold voltages and inactivate slowly (PubMed:10414303). Forms tetrameric channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (By similarity). Can form functional homotetrameric and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNC1, and possibly other family members as well; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (PubMed:10531438, PubMed:12000114). Channel properties may be modulated by either the association with ancillary subunits, such as KCNE1, KCNE2 and KCNE3 or indirectly by nitric oxide (NO) through a cGMP- and PKG-mediated signaling cascade, slowing channel activation and deactivation of delayed rectifier potassium channels (By similarity). Contributes to fire sustained trains of very brief action potentials at high frequency in thalamocortical and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neurons, in hippocampal and neocortical interneurons and in retinal ganglion cells (PubMed:10561420, PubMed:10903572, PubMed:11506885, PubMed:17761775). Sustained maximal action potential firing frequency in inhibitory hippocampal interneurons is negatively modulated by histamine H2 receptor activation in a cAMP- and protein kinase (PKA) phosphorylation-dependent manner (PubMed:10903572). Plays a role in maintaining …
messages: Weakly expressed in the brain at 14 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:21912965). Expressed in the brain at 14 dpc (PubMed:21912965).
messages: Weakly expressed in the brain at postnatal age day 7 (P7) and increased at P60 (PubMed:21912965). Not detectable in newborn hippocampus. Expressed weakly at P7 in the early developing hippocampus, increasing progressively and reaching a plateau of expression at P14 that is maintained throughout P51. Expressed in paravalbumin- and somatostain-containing inhibitory interneurons of the hippocampus; in the CA1/CA3 stratum oriens-alveus and stratum pyramidale and in cells within the hilus and subgranular layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) (PubMed:12000114, PubMed:10903572). Strongly expressed in parvalbumin (PV)-containing fast-spiking GABAergic inhibitor interneurons in deep cortical layers V and VI (PubMed:10531438). Also expressed in non-fast-spiking calbindin (CB)- and/or somatostatin (SOM)-containing interneurons in deep cortical layers V and VI (PubMed:10531438). Expressed in starburst amacrine cells of the retina in the inner nuclear layer (INL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL) (PubMed:15317859). Expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) (at protein level) (PubMed:15852012, PubMed:21414897). Expressed in the early developing brain, increasing progressively until P14 (PubMed:21912965).
messages: axon
messages: dendrite
messages: synaptosome

10090:Lratd1
gene id: 10090:Lratd1
uniprot id: Q9D650
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LRATD family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in cell morphology and motility.

10090:Prima1
gene id: 10090:Prima1
uniprot id: Q810F0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ACHE, probably through disulfide bonds.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, including in the brain. Also expressed in muscle, heart and kidney. Isoform 1 may be predominant in the cortex and striatum, while isoform 2 is more abundant in the cerebellum.
messages: Required to anchor acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) to the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction and to the membrane of neuronal synapses in brain. Also able to organize ACHE into tetramers.
messages: Synapse
messages: The proline-rich attachment domain (PRAD) binds the AChE catalytic subunits.

10090:Or5t7
gene id: 10090:Or5t7
uniprot id: Q8VFL9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Rpa2
gene id: 10090:Rpa2
uniprot id: Q62193
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the heterotrimeric replication protein A complex (RPA/RP-A), binds and stabilizes single-stranded DNA intermediates, that form during DNA replication or upon DNA stress. It prevents their reannealing and in parallel, recruits and activates different proteins and complexes involved in DNA metabolism. Thereby, it plays an essential role both in DNA replication and the cellular response to DNA damage. In the cellular response to DNA damage, the RPA complex controls DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoint activation. Through recruitment of ATRIP activates the ATR kinase a master regulator of the DNA damage response. It is required for the recruitment of the DNA double-strand break repair factors RAD51 and RAD52 to chromatin in response to DNA damage. Also recruits to sites of DNA damage proteins like XPA and XPG that are involved in nucleotide excision repair and is required for this mechanism of DNA repair. Also plays a role in base excision repair (BER) probably through interaction with UNG. Also recruits SMARCAL1/HARP, which is involved in replication fork restart, to sites of DNA damage. May also play a role in telomere maintenance.
messages: Belongs to the replication factor A protein 2 family.
messages: Component of the replication protein A complex (RPA/RP-A), a heterotrimeric complex composed of RPA1, RPA2 and RPA3. Interacts with PRPF19; the PRP19-CDC5L complex is recruited to the sites of DNA repair where it ubiquitinates the replication protein A complex (RPA) (By similarity). Interacts with SERTAD3. Interacts with TIPIN (PubMed:17141802). Interacts with TIMELESS (PubMed:17141802). Interacts with PPP4R2; the interaction is direct, DNA damage-dependent and mediates the recruitment of the PP4 catalytic subunit PPP4C (By similarity). Interacts (hyperphosphorylated) with RAD51 (By similarity). Interacts with SMARCAL1; the interaction is direct and mediates the recruitment to the RPA complex of SMARCAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with RAD52 and XPA; those interactions are direct and associate RAD52 and XPA to the RPA complex (By similarity). Interacts with FBH1 (By similarity). Interacts with ETAA1; the interaction is direct and promotes ETAA1 recruitment at stalled replication forks (By similarity). Interacts with DDI2 (By similarity). Interacts (in unphosphorylated form via N-terminus) with EIF4EBP3; the interaction enhances EIF4EBP3-mediated inhibition of EIF4E-mediated mRNA nuclear export (By similarity).
messages: DNA damage-induced 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by PRPF19 mediates ATRIP recruitment to the RPA complex at sites of DNA damage and activation of ATR. Ubiquitinated by RFWD3 at stalled replication forks in response to DNA damage: ubiquitination by RFWD3 does not lead to degradation by the proteasome and promotes removal of the RPA complex from stalled replication forks, promoting homologous recombination.
messages: Differentially phosphorylated throughout the cell cycle, becoming phosphorylated at the G1-S transition and dephosphorylated in late mitosis. Mainly phosphorylated at Ser-23 and Ser-29, by cyclin A-CDK2 and cyclin B-CDK1, respectively during DNA replication and mitosis. Dephosphorylation may require the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4. Phosphorylation at Ser-23 and Ser-29 is a prerequisite for further phosphorylation. Becomes hyperphosphorylated on additional residues including Ser-4, Ser-8, Thr-21 and Ser-33 in response to DNA damage. Hyperphosphorylation is mediated by ATM, ATR and PRKDC. Primarily recruited to DNA repair nuclear foci as a hypophosphorylated form it undergoes subsequent hyperphosphorylation, catalyzed by ATR. Hyperphosphorylation is required for RAD51 recruitment to chromatin and efficient DNA repair. Phosphorylation at Thr-21 depends upon RFWD3 presence.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body

10090:Txlng
gene id: 10090:Txlng
uniprot id: Q3TS51
uniprot id: Q3TT61
uniprot id: Q8BHN1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 16.5 dpc, expressed in osteoblasts surrounding newly formed trabecular bone. At postnatal day 2, detected in most osteoblasts and lining cells, and also strongly expressed in osteocytes. By postnatal week 4, strongly expressed in osteocytes (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the taxilin family.
messages: Binds to the C-terminal coiled coil region of syntaxin family members STX1A, STX3A and STX4A (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with ATF4 in osteoblasts.
messages: By LPS.
messages: May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic (By similarity). Inhibits ATF4-mediated transcription, possibly by dimerizing with ATF4 to form inactive dimers that cannot bind DNA. May be involved in regulating bone mass density through an ATF4-dependent pathway. May be involved in cell cycle progression.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Ly6g6d
gene id: 10090:Ly6g6d
uniprot id: Q9Z1Q3
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in embryonic tissue and adult lung, kidney, brain, liver and spleen.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: filopodium

10090:Palm3
gene id: 10090:Palm3
uniprot id: A2TJV2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-binding protein, which may act as a adapter in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling.
messages: Belongs to the paralemmin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SIGIRR.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Palmitoylated on Cys-728 and Cys-730 and prenylated on Cys-731; which is required for membrane association.

10090:Lipt1
gene id: 10090:Lipt1
uniprot id: Q8C894
uniprot id: Q8VCM4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LplA family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of the lipoyl group from lipoyl-AMP to the specific lysine residue of lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Spam1
gene id: 10090:Spam1
uniprot id: P48794
uniprot id: Q5D1J0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Involved in sperm-egg adhesion. Upon fertilization sperm must first penetrate a layer of cumulus cells that surrounds the egg before reaching the zona pellucida. The cumulus cells are embedded in a matrix containing hyaluronic acid which is formed prior to ovulation. This protein aids in penetrating the layer of cumulus cells by digesting hyaluronic acid.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sprr2h
gene id: 10090:Sprr2h
uniprot id: O70559
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.
messages: Cross-linked envelope protein of keratinocytes. It is a keratinocyte protein that first appears in the cell cytosol, but ultimately becomes cross-linked to membrane proteins by transglutaminase. All that results in the formation of an insoluble envelope beneath the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During early pregnancy, low expression detected in uterus at 1 dpc.
messages: Expressed weakly in uterus.

10090:Clcn4
gene id: 10090:Clcn4
uniprot id: A0A1B0GT29
uniprot id: Q3LRV6
uniprot id: Q61418
uniprot id: Q8CBL5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family.
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. ClC-4/CLCN4 subfamily.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly present in excitable tissues such as nervous system and skeletal muscle. Not detected in heart.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons (By similarity). The CLC channel family contains both chloride channels and proton-coupled anion transporters that exchange chloride or another anion for protons (By similarity). The presence of conserved gating glutamate residues is typical for family members that function as antiporters (By similarity).

10090:Cfap221
gene id: 10090:Cfap221
uniprot id: A9Q751
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PCDP1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis, specifically in developing spermatocytes and spermatids but not in immature spermatogonia. Expressed in the ciliated respiratory epithelial cells lining the sinuses, trachea and bronchi (at protein level).
messages: Expression in testis starts at P20.
messages: Interacts with calmodulin; calcium-dependent.
messages: May play a role in cilium morphogenesis.
messages: Mice lacking Pcdp1 have several phenotypes associated with primary ciliary diskinesia, including hydrocephalus, male infertility and respiratory abnormalities. Hydrocephalus is observed on the B6 background but not on the 129 background. Male infertility is observed on both backgrounds and is due to an absence of mature spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Kif12
gene id: 10090:Kif12
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VK29
uniprot id: Q9D2Z8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Expressed in the liver.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Atp5c1
gene id: 10090:Atp5c1
uniprot id: Q3UD06
uniprot id: Q8C2Q8
uniprot id: Q91VR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity). Interacts with FLVCR2; this interaction occurs in the absence of heme and is disrupted upon heme binding.
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. The gamma subunit protrudes into the catalytic domain formed of alpha(3)beta(3). Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Or6c5b
gene id: 10090:Or6c5b
uniprot id: A0A0N4SVC3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Plac9
gene id: 10090:Plac9
uniprot id: Q8K262
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PLAC9 family.
messages: Highly expressed in placenta, and weakly in ovary, testis, and lung.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ckb
gene id: 10090:Ckb
uniprot id: Q04447
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Conditional deletion in adipocytes leads to defective adaptive thermogenesis: defects are caused by abolition of the futile creatine cycle, thereby reducing whole-body energy expenditure and leading to predisposition to obesity.
messages: Dimer of identical or non-identical chains, which can be either B (brain type) or M (muscle type). With MM being the major form in skeletal muscle and myocardium, MB existing in myocardium, and BB existing in many tissues, especially brain. Interacts with SLC12A6 (via C-terminus); the interaction may be required for SLC12A6 potassium-chloride cotransport activity (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in hippocampus and corpus callosum (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate) (PubMed:33597756). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa (Probable). Acts as a key regulator of adaptive thermogenesis as part of the futile creatine cycle: localizes to the mitochondria of thermogenic fat cells and acts by mediating phosphorylation of creatine to initiate a futile cycle of creatine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation (PubMed:33597756). During the futile creatine cycle, creatine and N-phosphocreatine are in a futile cycle, which dissipates the high energy charge of N-phosphocreatine as heat without performing any mechanical or chemical work (PubMed:33597756).
messages: Strongly up-regulated in response to cold in fat cells; expression is dependent on cAMP.
messages: The internal MTS-like signal (iMTS-L) mediates targeting to mitochondria thermogenic fat cells.
messages: cytosol

10090:Afdn
gene id: 10090:Afdn
uniprot id: Q9QZQ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to an adhesion system, probably together with the E-cadherin-catenin system, which plays a role in the organization of homotypic, interneuronal and heterotypic cell-cell adherens junctions (AJs) (By similarity). Nectin- and actin-filament-binding protein that connects nectin to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). May play a key role in the organization of epithelial structures of the embryonic ectoderm (PubMed:10477764). Essential for the organization of adherens junctions (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed at restricted set of epithelial structures and highly concentrated at their junctional complex regions. At 6.5 dpc, localized at the most apical regions of cell-cell adhesion sites of the entire embryonic ectoderm; not detected in the extraembryonic regions. At 7.0 dpc, expressed in the primitive streak and the migrating paraxial mesoderm. At 7.5 dpc, highly expressed at the junctional complex regions in the primitive streak region (neuroepithelium) and the neural fold/grove region, but hardly detected in other areas of the ectoderm. By 8.5 dpc, highly expressed in the tail bud, somites and the paraxial mesoderm, concentrated at the junctional complex regions in neural tube, somites and pericardioperitoneal canal.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with F-actin, nectin and NECTIN3. Essential for the association of nectin and E-cadherin. Isoform 2/s-afadin does not interact with F-actin. Interacts with ZO-1 and occludin, but probably in an indirect manner. Interacts with RIT1, RIT2, NRXN1 and BCR (By similarity). Interacts with ADAM10; the interaction locks ADAM10 at adherens junctions following ADAM10 recruitment to adherens junctions by TSPAN33 (PubMed:30463011).
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed only in a restricted set of epithelial structures during early embryogenesis.
messages: Mice show developmental defects at stages during and after gastrulation, including disorganization of the ectoderm, impaired migration of the mesoderm and loss of somites and other structures derived from both the ectoderm and mesoderm. Cell-cell adherens juntions and tight junctions are improperly organized in the ectoderm-derived cells. No redundancy exists in the function of afadin during gastrulation.
messages: adherens junction

10090:Trp53rka
gene id: 10090:Trp53rka
uniprot id: Q5U452
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. BUD32 family.

10090:Alyref2
gene id: 10090:Alyref2
uniprot id: Q9JJW6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arginine methylation reduces RNA binding and enhances mRNA transfer to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for nuclear export.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Export adapter involved in spliced and unspliced mRNA nuclear export. Binds mRNA which is transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NFX1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus and RRM domain) with DDX39B and th NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer. Interacts with HHV-1 ICP27 and HVS ORF57 proteins.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RRM domain and the N-terminal region (15-58) seem to be involved in RNA binding.

10090:Tpr
gene id: 10090:Tpr
uniprot id: F6ZDS4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TPR family.
messages: Component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a complex required for the trafficking across the nuclear envelope. Functions as a scaffolding element in the nuclear phase of the NPC essential for normal nucleocytoplasmic transport of proteins and mRNAs, plays a role in the establishment of nuclear-peripheral chromatin compartmentalization in interphase, and in the mitotic spindle checkpoint signaling during mitosis. Involved in the quality control and retention of unspliced mRNAs in the nucleus; in association with NUP153, regulates the nuclear export of unspliced mRNA species bearing constitutive transport element (CTE) in a NXF1- and KHDRBS1-independent manner. Negatively regulates both the association of CTE-containing mRNA with large polyribosomes and translation initiation. Does not play any role in Rev response element (RRE)-mediated export of unspliced mRNAs. Implicated in nuclear export of mRNAs transcribed from heat shock gene promoters; associates both with chromatin in the HSP70 promoter and with mRNAs transcribed from this promoter under stress-induced conditions. Plays a limited role in the regulation of nuclear protein export. Modulates the nucleocytoplasmic transport of activated MAPK1/ERK2 and huntingtin/HTT and may serve as a docking site for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated nuclear export complex. Also plays a role as a structural and functional element of the perinuclear chromatin distribution; involved in the formation and/or maintenance of NPC-associated perinuclear heterochromatin exclusion zones (HEZs). Finally, acts as a spatial regulator of the spindle-assembly checkpoint (SAC) response ensuring a timely and effective recruitment of spindle checkpoint proteins like MAD1L1 and MAD2L1 to unattached kinetochore during the metaphase-anaphase transition before chromosome congression. Its N-terminus is involved in activation of oncogenic kinases (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed both maternally and zygotically. Expressed at the mid two-cell stage and in the embryo at 7, 11, 15 and 17 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the heart, liver, kidney, spleen, lung and skeletal muscles.
messages: Homodimer. Part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Associates with the XPO1/CRM1-mediated nuclear export complex, the Importin alpha/Importin beta receptor and the dynein 1 complex. Interacts (via C-terminal domain) with the KPNB1; the interaction occurs in a RanGTP-dependent manner. Interacts (via C-terminal region and phosphorylated form) with MAPK1/ERK2 (via phosphorylated form); the interaction requires dimerization of MAPK1/ERK2 and increases following EGF stimulation. Interacts with MAPK3/ERK1; the interaction increases following EGF stimulation. Interacts (via coiled coil region) with NUP153; the interaction is direct. Interacts with HSF1; the interaction increases in a stress-responsive manner and stimulates export of stress-induced HSP70 mRNA. Interacts with huntingtin/HTT; the interaction is inhibited by aggregated huntingtin/HTT forms with expanded polyglutamine stretch. Interacts with MAD1L1 (via N-terminal region), MAD2L1, and TTK; the interactions occurs in a microtubule-independent manner. Interacts (via middle region) with DYNLL1. Interacts with DCTN1, dynein, NUP153 and tubulin. Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity). Interacts with IFI204 (via C-terminal region). Interacts with IFI203.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation occurs on serine and threonine residues (comprised in the C-terminal region) by MAPK1/ERK2 and stabilizes the interaction between these two proteins (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal domain mediates intranuclear attachment to the nuclear pore complex. The C-terminal domain mediates its nuclear import (By similarity).
messages: kinetochore
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: spindle

10090:Fyco1
gene id: 10090:Fyco1
uniprot id: Q8VDC1
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Can form homodimers. Interacts (via C-terminus) with MAP1LC3B. Interacts with RAB7A; the interaction with RAB7A induces FYCO1 recruitment to late endosomal/lysosomal compartments.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in heart and testis. Expressed in the eye lens.
messages: Lysosome
messages: May mediate microtubule plus end-directed vesicle transport.
messages: autophagosome

10090:Acvr1
gene id: 10090:Acvr1
uniprot id: P37172
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor that is involved in a wide variety of biological processes, including bone, heart, cartilage, nervous, and reproductive system development and regulation (PubMed:10479450, PubMed:15531373, PubMed:21945937). As a type I receptor, forms heterotetrameric receptor complexes with the type II receptors AMHR2, ACVR2A ors ACVR2B. Upon binding of ligands such as BMP7 or BMP9 to the heteromeric complexes, type II receptors transphosphorylate ACVR1 intracellular domain. In turn, ACVR1 kinase domain is activated and subsequently phosphorylates SMAD1/5/8 proteins that transduce the signal. In addition to its role in mediating BMP pathway-specific signaling, suppresses TGFbeta/activin pathway signaling by interfering with the binding of activin to its type II receptor. Besides canonical SMAD signaling, can activate non-canonical pathways such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases/MAPKs (PubMed:25413979, PubMed:10479450, PubMed:15531373, PubMed:21945937) (By similarity). May promote the expression of HAMP, potentially via its interaction with BMP6 (PubMed:31800957).
messages: Deletion mutants show a recessive embryonic lethality. At 7.0 dpc, mutant embryos did not show any special abnormalities except a smaller size. However, at 8.0 dpc, mesoderm formation is initiated but its development is arrested around the mid/late streak stage (PubMed:10479450). In an osteoblast-specific manner loss of BMP signaling via ACVR1 directs osteoblasts to increase endogenous bone mass (PubMed:21945937). Additionally, mice lacking ACVR1 in cartilage show reduced SMAD responses, but also decreased p38 MAPK activation (PubMed:25413979).
messages: Highly expressed in bone during developmental stages (PubMed:21945937). Expressed in normal parenchymal cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts and tumor-derived epithelial cells.
messages: Highly expressed in the node and midline and weakly expressed in 8.5 dpc embryos and in the lateral plate mesoderm.
messages: Interacts with FKBP1A (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLU. Interacts with type II receptors AMHR2 and ACVR2A (By similarity). Interacts with BMP7 (By similarity). Interacts with BMP9 (By similarity). Interacts with BMP6 (when glycosylated); the interaction may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957). Interacts with TSC22D1/TSC-22 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Zbtb42
gene id: 10090:Zbtb42
uniprot id: Q811H0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZBTB18 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in skeletal muscle and ovary (at protein level). Low expression in brain, lung, spleen, liver and heart (at protein level). Not detected in kidney and intestines (at protein level). Also observed in testis and, at lower levels, in stomach and nervous system.
messages: Transcriptional repressor. Specifically binds DNA and probably acts by recruiting chromatin remodeling multiprotein complexes.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Arsk
gene id: 10090:Arsk
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1N2
uniprot id: Q9D2L1
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sulfatase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of pseudosubstrates such as p-nitrocatechol sulfate and p-nitrophenyl sulfate (By similarity). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 2-sulfate groups of the 2-O-sulfo-D-glucuronate residues of chondroitin sulfate, heparin and heparitin sulfate (PubMed:32856704). Acts selectively on 2-sulfoglucuronate and lacks activity against 2-sulfoiduronate (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mice accumulate significant amounts of heparan sulfate, which exhibits glucuronate-2-O-sulfated non-reducing ends, particularly in brain and kidney.
messages: N-glycosylated with both high mannose and complex type sugars.
messages: Secreted
messages: The 75-kDa precursor undergoes proteolytic processing to yield a 23 kDa form.
messages: The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.

10090:Krt4
gene id: 10090:Krt4
uniprot id: P07744
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed in the dorsal and ventral epithelium of the tongue. Highest expression levels are detected in the suprabasal layer with low levels detected in the basal cell layer. Within the suprabasal layer expression is highest in the spinous cells, decreases in the granular cells and is not detected in the stratum corneum.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Keratin-4 is generally associated with keratin-13.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

10090:Nubpl
gene id: 10090:Nubpl
uniprot id: Q9CWD8
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I). May deliver of one or more Fe-S clusters to complex I subunits (By similarity).

10090:Mrps25
gene id: 10090:Mrps25
uniprot id: Q9D125
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS25 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Gimap6
gene id: 10090:Gimap6
uniprot id: Q8K349
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.
messages: Expressed in thymus (in thymocytes), spleen (in splenocytes), lymph node and lung.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.
messages: cytosol

10090:Zup1
gene id: 10090:Zup1
uniprot id: Q3T9Z9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C78 family. ZUFSP subfamily.
messages: C2H2-type zinc finger 4 is a ubiquitin-binding zinc finger (UBZ) and required for polyubiquitin binding, possibly binding the proximal ubiqutin, and for catalytic activity. C2H2-type zinc fingers 1-3 are required for localization to sites of DNA damage.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinase with endodeubiquitinase activity that specifically interacts with and cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked long polyubiquitin chains. Shows only weak activity against 'Lys-11' and 'Lys-48'-linked chains. Plays an important role in genome stability pathways, functioning to prevent spontaneous DNA damage and also promote cellular survival in response to exogenous DNA damage. Modulates the ubiquitination status of replication protein A (RPA) complex proteins in response to replication stress.
messages: Interacts with RPA1 and RPA2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The motif interacting with ubiquitin (MIU) and ZUFSP ubiquitin-binding domain (zUBD, also called ZUFSP helical arm ZHA) are responsible for binding the distal (outgoing) ubiquitin units S1 and S2 respectively.

10090:Mrgprf
gene id: 10090:Mrgprf
uniprot id: Q3TZA7
uniprot id: Q8VCJ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. May bind to a neuropeptide and may regulate nociceptor function and/or development, including the sensation or modulation of pain.

10090:Tbx10
gene id: 10090:Tbx10
uniprot id: Q810F8
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Defects in Tbx10 are the cause of a cleft lip and palate (CL/P) phenotype called Dancer (Dc). The defect is caused by a gain of function.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes.

10090:Cd209c
gene id: 10090:Cd209c
uniprot id: Q91ZW9
names: Caution
names: Function
messages: In mouse, 5 genes homologous to human CD209/DC-SIGN and CD209L/DC-SIGNR have been identified.
messages: Probable pathogen-recognition receptor. May recognize in a calcium-dependent manner high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides in a variety of pathogen antigens.

10090:Slc18a3
gene id: 10090:Slc18a3
uniprot id: Q3TYJ1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Pigl
gene id: 10090:Pigl
uniprot id: Q5SX19
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PIGL family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in the second step of GPI biosynthesis. De-N-acetylation of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r63
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r63
uniprot id: Q9EPT1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nefh
gene id: 10090:Nefh
uniprot id: P19246
uniprot id: Q80TQ3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed in the sciatic nerve (at protein level).
messages: Forms heterodimers with NEFL; which can further hetero-oligomerize (in vitro) (By similarity). Forms heterodimers with INA (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: NEFL, NEFM, and NEFH which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. NEFH has an important function in mature axons that is not subserved by the two smaller NF proteins. May additionally cooperate with the neuronal intermediate filament proteins PRPH and INA to form neuronal filamentous networks (PubMed:22723690).
messages: Phosphorylated in the head and rod regions by the PKC kinase PKN1, leading to the inhibition of polymerization.
messages: Phosphorylation seems to play a major role in the functioning of the larger neurofilament polypeptides (NF-M and NF-H), the levels of phosphorylation being altered developmentally and coincidentally with a change in the neurofilament function.
messages: There are a number of repeats of the tripeptide K-S-P, NFH is phosphorylated on a number of the serines in this motif. It is thought that phosphorylation of NFH results in the formation of interfilament cross bridges that are important in the maintenance of axonal caliber.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Fra10ac1
gene id: 10090:Fra10ac1
uniprot id: Q8BP78
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with ESS2.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mrm2
gene id: 10090:Mrm2
uniprot id: Q9CPY0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of 2'-O-methyluridine at position 1369 (Um1369) in the 16S mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA (mtLSU rRNA), a universally conserved modification in the peptidyl transferase domain of the mtLSU rRNA.

10090:Atp1b4
gene id: 10090:Atp1b4
uniprot id: B1APX1
uniprot id: Q99ME6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with a SMAD7-transcriptional complex. Interacts with TOR1AIP1. Does not associate with known Na,K-ATPase alpha-subunits (By similarity). Interacts with SNW1.
messages: Belongs to the X(+)/potassium ATPases subunit beta family.
messages: Expressed in embryo 15.5 dpc, onward.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle (at protein level). Expressed during postnatal development in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: May act as a transcriptional coregulator during muscle development through its interaction with SNW1. Has lost its ancestral function as a Na,K-ATPase beta-subunit (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane.

10090:Chpf
gene id: 10090:Chpf
uniprot id: Q6IQX7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Has both beta-1,3-glucuronic acid and beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine transferase activity. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Seems to act as a specific activating factor for CHSY1 in chondroitin polymerization.
messages: Highest activities are measured with Mn(2+). Can also utilize Co(2+).
messages: Interacts with PRKN.
messages: Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: May facilitate PRKN transport into the mitochondria. In collaboration with PRKN, may enhance cell viability and protect cells from oxidative stress.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: cytosol

10090:S100a8
gene id: 10090:S100a8
uniprot id: P27005
uniprot id: Q53X15
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Upon infection by murine coronavirus (MHV-A59), induces expansion of aberrant immature neutrophils in a TLR4-dependent manner.
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Binds two calcium ions per molecule with an affinity similar to that of the S-100 proteins.
messages: Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) activity on TLR4 signaling is inhibited by paquinimod.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death at an early embryonic stage due to embryo resorption, starting about 8 days after fertilization.
messages: Homodimer. Preferentially exists as a heterodimer or heterotetramer with S100A9 known as calprotectin (S100A8/A9). Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with CEACAM3 and tubulin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. Heterotetrameric calprotectin (S100A8/A9) interacts with ANXA6 and associates with tubulin filaments in activated monocytes. S100A8 and calprotectin (S100A8/9) interact with NCF2/P67PHOX, RAC1 and RAC2. Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with CYBA and CYBB (By similarity). S100A8 interacts with AGER, ATP2A2 and with the heterodimeric complex formed by TLR4 and LY96. Calprotectin (S100A8/9) interacts with NOS2 to form the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex (By similarity).
messages: S100A8 is a calcium- and zinc-binding protein which plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammatory processes and immune response. It can induce neutrophil chemotaxis and adhesion. Predominantly found as calprotectin (S100A8/A9) which has a wide plethora of intra- and extracellular functions. The intracellular functions include: facilitating leukocyte arachidonic acid trafficking and metabolism, modulation of the tubulin-dependent cytoskeleton during migration of phagocytes and activation of the neutrophilic NADPH-oxidase. Activates NADPH-oxidase by facilitating the enzyme complex assembly at the cell membrane, transferring arachidonic acid, an essential cofactor, to the enzyme complex and S100A8 contributes to the enzyme assembly by directly binding to NCF2/P67PHOX. The extracellular functions involve pro-inflammatory, antimicrobial, oxidant-scavenging and apoptosis-inducing activities. Its pro-inflammatory activity includes recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and regulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Acts as an alarmin or a danger associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule and stimulates innate immune cells via binding to pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (AGER). Binding to TLR4 and AGER activates the MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways resulting in the amplification of the pro-inflammatory cascade. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi and exerts its antimicrobial activity probably via chelation of Zn(2+) which is essential for microbial growth. Can induce cell death via autophagy and apoptosis and this occurs through the cross-talk of mitochondria and lysosomes via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the process involves BNIP3. Can regulate neutrophil number and apoptosis by an anti-apoptotic effect; regulates cell survival via ITGAM/ITGB and TLR4 and a signaling mechanism involving MEK-ERK. Its role a…
messages: Secreted
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Furin
gene id: 10090:Furin
uniprot id: P23188
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Conditional knockout in pancreas causes mild glucose intolerance (PubMed:18713856). Insulin secretion by islets of Langerhans cells is reduced (PubMed:18713856). In islets of Langerhans cells, processing of pro-proteins including Pcsk2, Ins2/proinsulin II and Gcg/proglucagon and acidification of dense-core secretory granules are reduced (PubMed:18713856). Islets of Langerhans are normal (PubMed:18713856).
messages: Contains a cytoplasmic domain responsible for its TGN localization and recycling from the cell surface.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Inhibited by the not secondly cleaved propeptide. Inhibited by m-guanidinomethyl-phenylacetyl-Arg-Val-Arg-(amidomethyl)-benzamidine (m-guanidinomethyl-Phac-RVR-Amb) and 4-guanidinomethyl-phenylacetyl-Arg-Tle-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide (MI-1148). Inhibited by Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Lys-Arg-chloromethylketone (decanoyl-RVKR-CMK). Inhibited by heparin/heparan sulfate-binding.
messages: Interacts with FLNA (PubMed:9412467). Binds to PACS1 which mediates TGN localization and connection to clathrin adapters (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation is required for TGN localization of the endoprotease. In vivo, exists as di-, mono- and non-phosphorylated forms.
messages: Secreted
messages: Seems to be expressed ubiquitously (PubMed:2266110). Expressed in islets of Langerhans (PubMed:18713856).
messages: The inhibition peptide, which plays the role of an intramolecular chaperone, is autocatalytically removed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and remains non-covalently bound to furin as a potent autoinhibitor. Following transport to the trans Golgi, a second cleavage within the inhibition propeptide results in propeptide dissociation and furin activation.
messages: Ubiquitous endoprotease within constitutive secretory pathways capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif (PubMed:18713856). Mediates processing of TGFB1, an essential step in TGF-beta-1 activation (By similarity). Converts through proteolytic cleavage the non-functional Brain natriuretic factor prohormone into its active hormone BNP(1-45) (By similarity). By mediating processing of accessory subunit ATP6AP1/Ac45 of the V-ATPase, regulates the acidification of dense-core secretory granules in islets of Langerhans cells (PubMed:18713856).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Cnga2
gene id: 10090:Cnga2
uniprot id: A3KGE1
uniprot id: Q62398
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel (TC 1.A.1.5) family. CNGA2 subfamily.
messages: Heterotetramer composed of two subunits of CNGA2, one of CNGA4 and one of CNGB1b. The complex forms the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel of olfactory sensory neurons (By similarity).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator.
messages: Membrane
messages: Odorant signal transduction is probably mediated by a G-protein coupled cascade using cAMP as second messenger. The olfactory channel can be shown to be activated by cyclic nucleotides which leads to a depolarization of olfactory sensory neurons.
messages: The C-terminal coiled-coil domain mediates trimerization of CNGA subunits.

10090:Tmed3
gene id: 10090:Tmed3
uniprot id: Q78IS1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Monomer in endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi network. Interacts (via C-terminus) with COPG1; the interaction involves dimeric TMED3; however, there are conflicting reports on the interaction. Interacts with GORASP1 and GORASP2 (By similarity).
messages: Potential role in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. Contributes to the coupled localization of TMED2 and TMED10 in the cis-Golgi network (By similarity).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Fgfrl1
gene id: 10090:Fgfrl1
uniprot id: Q91V87
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: First detected at embryonic day 7 and became clearly visible at day 11 and increased until day 17.
messages: Has a negative effect on cell proliferation.
messages: Highly expressed in the kidney, brain and lung. Weakly expressed in the muscle, thymus, lymph node, stomach, intestine, colon and liver. Expressed in fetal cartilaginous structures like the nasal cartilage, the ribs and the sternum as well as in the cartilaginous rudiments of developing bones such as the vertebrae and the pelvic bone. High expression is found in the muscles of the tongue and the diaphragm.
messages: Interacts with FGF2 with a low affinity.

10090:Vmn1r173
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r173
uniprot id: E9Q8V7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Map3k9
gene id: 10090:Map3k9
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VKX4
uniprot id: Q3U1V8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylation on serine and threonine residues within the activation loop plays a role in enzyme activation. Thr-305 is likely to be the main autophosphorylation site (By similarity). Autophosphorylation also occurs on Thr-297 and Ser-301 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Expressed in cochlea and utricle.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimerization via the leucine zipper domains is required for autophosphorylation of multiple sites in the activation loop and subsequent activation. Autophosphorylation at Thr-305 is the key step in activation of MAP3K9/MLK1 and is required for full phosphorylation. Autophosphorylation at Thr-297 and Ser-301 have been shown to be of secondary importance in the activation of MAP3K9/MLK1.
messages: Homodimerization via the leucine zipper domains is required for autophosphorylation.
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Plays an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by changes in the environment. Once activated, acts as an upstream activator of the MKK/JNK signal transduction cascade through the phosphorylation of MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which in turn activate the JNKs. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway regulates stress response via activator protein-1 (JUN) and GATA4 transcription factors. Also plays a role in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis (By similarity).

10090:3830406C13Rik
gene id: 10090:3830406C13Rik
uniprot id: Q8BGD0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in ciliary assembly.
messages: cilium

10090:Neo1
gene id: 10090:Neo1
uniprot id: E9QK04
uniprot id: P97798
uniprot id: Q7TQG5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. DCC family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed ubiquitously throughout the mid to late stages of gestation and in adult tissues. Strong expression is observed in the ventral region of the ventricular zone of the 15.5 dpc mouse neural tube, as well as in the ventricular zones of the mesencephalon and rhombencephalon. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed at higher level compared to other isoforms between 11.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc.
messages: Expression developmentally regulated.
messages: Interacts with BMP2, BMP4, BMP6, and BMP7 (By similarity). Interacts with RGMA and RGMB. Interacts with MYO10.
messages: Membrane
messages: Multi-functional cell surface receptor regulating cell adhesion in many diverse developmental processes, including neural tube and mammary gland formation, myogenesis and angiogenesis. Receptor for members of the BMP, netrin, and repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) families. Netrin-Neogenin interactions result in a chemoattractive axon guidance response and cell-cell adhesion, the interaction between NEO1/Neogenin and RGMa and RGMb induces a chemorepulsive response.
messages: The Fibronectin repeats 5 and 6 mediate interaction with RGM family molecules.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Sirt6
gene id: 10090:Sirt6
uniprot id: P59941
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Lys-33 (By similarity). Deacetylation at Lys-33 by SIRT1 promotes homomultimerization and binding to double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class IV subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By cold (PubMed:28723567). In hepatocytes, expression is increased following incubation in a ketonic medium (PubMed:30530497).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Compared to beaver, mouse SIRT6 displays lower histone deacetylase activity and ability to promote double-strand break (DSB) repair, possibly leading to shorter life span.
messages: Compared to the defatty-acylase activity, the protein deacetylase activity is weak in vitro, and requires activation (By similarity). The histone deacetylase activity is strongly activated upon binding to nucleosomes and chromatin in vivo (By similarity). Two molecules of SIRT6 associate with the acidic patch of one nucleosome, while the C-terminal disordered region of SIRT6 associates with nucleosomal DNA, leading to efficient histone deacetylation (By similarity). The protein-lysine deacetylase activity is also activated by long-chain free fatty-acids (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expression peaks at embryonic day 11 and persists into adulthood.
messages: Highest levels are found in muscle, thymus, spleen, brain and heart (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer; binds to nucleosomes and DNA ends as a homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with RELA; interferes with RELA binding to target DNA (PubMed:19135889). Interacts with SMARCA5; promoting recruitment of SMARCA5/SNF2H to double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites (By similarity). Interacts with the mTORC2 complex; preventing the ability of SIRT6 to deacetylate FOXO1 (PubMed:31442424). Interacts with the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex; recruited by the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex to regulate expression of clock-controlled genes (PubMed:25083875). Interacts with CSNK2A2; preventing CSNK2A2 localization to the nucleus (PubMed:28355567).
messages: Mice display multiple defects, accelerated aging and die a few weeks after birth, because of impaired genomic stability (PubMed:16439206). Mice do not show any visible phenotype at birth and undergo a normal development during the first two weeks, except for reduced growth (PubMed:16439206). By two/three weeks of age, mice in a 129/SvJ background display severe metabolic defects and develop abnormalities usually associated with aging (PubMed:16439206, PubMed:20847051). These include acute loss of subcutaneous fat, lordokyphosis, erosion of the superficial colon epithelium, severe lymphopenia, osteopenia and severely reduced IGF1 serum levels (PubMed:16439206). Severe hypoglycemia, characterized by very low levels of blood glucose, is also observed (PubMed:16439206, PubMed:20847051). Mice also show defects in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair (PubMed:23911928, PubMed:32538779). Derepression of LINE-1 retrotransposon elements is also observed, leading to an accumulation of cytoplasmic L1 cDNAs, which triggers the cGAS-STING pathway, driving inflammation (PubMed:30853213). Mice die about 24 days after birth (PubMed:16439206). Mice in a mixed 129/SvJ and BALB/c background reach adulthood: at 200 days of age, more than 80% of the female mice survive whereas only 10% of male mice are alive (PubMed:28448551). Mutant mice in this mixed background (129/SvJ and BALB/c) display reduced body weight, increased glucose uptake and exhibit an age-dependent progressive impairment of retinal function accompanied by thinning of retinal layers (PubMed:28448551). Sirt6-deficient mice that are haploinsufficient with p53/Tp53 display a strongly extended life span in both females and males (PubMed:29474172). Conditional deletion in the liver leads to increased glycolysis, fatty liver, triglyceride synthesis and reduced beta-oxidation (PubMed:20816089). Conditional deletion in the liver also leads to elevated LDL-cholesterol levels (PubMed:23974119). Conditional deletion in hepatocytes l…
messages: Monoubiquitinated at Lys-170 by STUB1/CHIP, preventing its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: NAD-dependent protein deacetylase, deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that plays an essential role in DNA damage repair, telomere maintenance, metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, tumorigenesis and aging (PubMed:16439206, PubMed:19135889, PubMed:20141841, PubMed:19220062, PubMed:19597350, PubMed:23217706, PubMed:23911928, PubMed:27180906, PubMed:29599436). Displays protein-lysine deacetylase or defatty-acylase (demyristoylase and depalmitoylase) activity, depending on the context (By similarity). Acts as a key histone deacetylase by catalyzing deacetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-9', 'Lys-18' and 'Lys-56' (H3K9ac, H3K18ac and H3K56ac, respectively), suppressing target gene expression of several transcription factors, including NF-kappa-B (PubMed:19135889, PubMed:19597350, PubMed:20816089, PubMed:21098266, PubMed:25915124, PubMed:28871079, PubMed:31002797, PubMed:31399344). Acts as an inhibitor of transcription elongation by mediating deacetylation of H3K9ac and H3K56ac, preventing release of NELFE from chromatin and causing transcriptional pausing (PubMed:31399344). Involved in DNA repair by promoting double-strand break (DSB) repair: acts as a DSB sensor by recognizing and binding DSB sites, leading to (1) recruitment of DNA repair proteins, such as SMARCA5/SNF2H, and (2) deacetylation of histone H3K9ac and H3K56ac (PubMed:32538779). SIRT6 participation to DSB repair is probably involved in extension of life span (PubMed:22367546, PubMed:31002797). Also promotes DNA repair by deacetylating non-histone proteins, such as DDB2 and p53/TP53 (By similarity). Specifically deacetylates H3K18ac at pericentric heterochromatin, thereby maintaining pericentric heterochromatin silencing at centromeres and protecting against genomic instability and cellular senescence (By similarity). Involved in telomere maintenance by catalyzing deacetylation of histone H3 in telomeric chromatin, regulating telomere position effect and telomere movement in response to DNA damage (PubMed…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-10 by MAPK8/JNK1 in response to oxidative stress stimulates the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity on PARP1, leading to PARP1 recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs).
messages: Sumoylated, leading to specifically decrease ability to deacetylate histone H3 at 'Lys-56' (H3K56ac).
messages: The C-terminal disordered region mediates non-specific DNA-binding.
messages: telomere

10090:Bet1l
gene id: 10090:Bet1l
uniprot id: O35153
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of a SNARE complex consisting of STX5, YKT6, GOSR2 and BET1L.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Vesicle SNARE required for targeting and fusion of retrograde transport vesicles with the Golgi complex. Required for the integrity of the Golgi complex (By similarity).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:H4c11
gene id: 10090:H4c11
uniprot id: B2RTM0
uniprot id: P62806
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H4K5ac), Lys-9 (H4K8ac), Lys-13 (H4K12ac) and Lys-17 (H4K16ac) occurs in coding regions of the genome but not in heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the histone H4 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-4 (H4R3ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Glutarylation at Lys-92 (H4K91glu) destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated, dimethylated or trimethylated at Lys-21 (H4K20me1, H4K20me2, H4K20me3) (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylation is performed by KMT5A/SET8 (By similarity). Trimethylation is performed by KMT5B and KMT5C and induces gene silencing (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylated at Lys-13 (H4K12me1) by N6AMT1; H4K12me1 modification is present at the promoters of numerous genes encoding cell cycle regulators (By similarity).
messages: Monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-4 (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively) by PRMT1 favors acetylation at Lys-9 (H4K8ac) and Lys-13 (H4K12ac). Demethylation is performed by JMJD6. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 (H4R3me2s) by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Ser-48 (H4S47ph). This phosphorylation increases the association of H3.3-H4 with the histone chaperone HIRA, thus promoting nucleosome assembly of H3.3-H4 and inhibiting nucleosome assembly of H3.1-H4 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated, which is associated with transcriptional repression.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-92 of histone H4 (H4K91ub1) in response to DNA damage. The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 Lys-21 methylation (H4K20me) (By similarity).
messages: Ufmylated; monofmylated by UFL1 at Lys-32 (H4K31Ufm1) in response to DNA damage.

10090:Tex13b
gene id: 10090:Tex13b
uniprot id: Q99MW5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TEX13 family.

10090:Osbpl5
gene id: 10090:Osbpl5
uniprot id: G5E833
uniprot id: Q9ER64
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Imprinted gene expressed from the maternal allele in blastocysts.
messages: Lipid transporter involved in lipid countertransport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane: specifically exchanges phosphatidylserine with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), delivering phosphatidylserine to the plasma membrane in exchange for PI4P, which is degraded by the SAC1/SACM1L phosphatase in the endoplasmic reticulum. Binds phosphatidylserine and PI4P in a mutually exclusive manner. May cooperate with NPC1 to mediate the exit of cholesterol from endosomes/lysosomes. Binds 25-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol.

10090:Zbtb24
gene id: 10090:Zbtb24
uniprot id: Q80X44
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: By BMP2 in fibroblast, myoblast and preosteoblast cell lines.
messages: Interacts with MN1.
messages: May be involved in BMP2-induced transcription.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed. Highest level in liver, testis and kidney.

10090:Lrif1
gene id: 10090:Lrif1
uniprot id: Q8CDD9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LRIF1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with RARA (By similarity). Interacts with SMCHD1; leading to recruitment to inactivated chromosome X in females (PubMed:26391951). Interacts (via PxVxL motif) with HP1 (CBX1/HP1-beta, CBX3/HP1-gamma and CBX5/HP1-alpha) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: The Pro-Xaa-Val-Xaa-Leu (PxVxL) motif mediates interaction with HP1 (CBX1/HP1-beta, CBX3/HP1-gamma and CBX5/HP1-alpha).
messages: Together with SMCHD1, involved in chromosome X inactivation in females by promoting the compaction of heterochromatin. Also able to repress the ligand-induced transcriptional activity of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA), possibly through direct recruitment of histone deacetylases.

10090:Pkn1
gene id: 10090:Pkn1
uniprot id: P70268
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by limited proteolysis with trypsin.
messages: Autophosphorylated; preferably on serine.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts with ZFAND6 (PubMed:11054541). Interacts with ANDR. Interacts with PRKCB. Interacts (via REM 1 and REM 2 repeats) with RAC1 (By similarity). Interacts (via REM 1 repeat) with RHOA (PubMed:8571127). Interacts with RHOB. Interacts (via C-terminus) with PDPK1. Interacts with CCNT2; enhances MYOD1-dependent transcription. Component of a signaling complex containing at least AKAP13, PKN1, MAPK14, ZAK and MAP2K3. Within this complex, AKAP13 interacts directly with PKN1, which in turn recruits MAPK14, MAP2K3 and ZAK (By similarity).
messages: Kinase activity is activated upon binding to Rho proteins (RHOA, RHOB and RAC1). Activated by lipids, particularly cardiolipin and to a lesser extent by other acidic phospholipids. Activated by caspase-3 (CASP3) cleavage during apoptosis. Two specific sites, Thr-778 (activation loop of the kinase domain) and Ser-920 (turn motif), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: PKC-related serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as regulation of the intermediate filaments of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration, tumor cell invasion and transcription regulation. Part of a signaling cascade that begins with the activation of the adrenergic receptor ADRA1B and leads to the activation of MAPK14. Regulates the cytoskeletal network by phosphorylating proteins such as VIM and neurofilament proteins NEFH, NEFL and NEFM, leading to inhibit their polymerization. Phosphorylates 'Ser-575', 'Ser-637' and 'Ser-669' of MAPT/Tau, lowering its ability to bind to microtubules, resulting in disruption of tubulin assembly. Acts as a key coactivator of androgen receptor (ANDR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to ANDR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-11' of histone H3 (H3T11ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-9' (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylates HDAC5, HDAC7 and HDAC9, leading to impair their import in the nucleus. Phosphorylates 'Thr-38' of PPP1R14A, 'Ser-159', 'Ser-163' and 'Ser-170' of MARCKS, and GFAP. Able to phosphorylate RPS6 in vitro.
messages: The C1 domain does not bind the diacylglycerol (DAG).

10090:Or6c69c
gene id: 10090:Or6c69c
uniprot id: Q8VFU1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Clk3
gene id: 10090:Clk3
uniprot id: O35492
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylates on all three types of residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Lammer subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dual specificity kinase acting on both serine/threonine and tyrosine-containing substrates. Phosphorylates serine- and arginine-rich (SR) proteins of the spliceosomal complex. May be a constituent of a network of regulatory mechanisms that enable SR proteins to control RNA splicing and can cause redistribution of SR proteins from speckles to a diffuse nucleoplasmic distribution. Phosphorylates SRSF1 and SRSF3. Regulates the alternative splicing of tissue factor (F3) pre-mRNA in endothelial cells.
messages: Leucettine L41 inhibits its kinase activity and affects the regulation of alternative splicing mediated by phosphorylation of SR proteins.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present at high levels in testis and ovary. In testis, expression is restricted to elongated, maturing spermatozoa. Also present in spleen, brain, lung and liver (at protein level).
messages: acrosome

10090:Vps36
gene id: 10090:Vps36
uniprot id: Q3TSR1
uniprot id: Q91XD6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS36 family.
messages: Component of a complex at least composed of ELL, SNF8/EAP30, VPS25/EAP20 and VPS36/EAP45 (By similarity). Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II), composed of SNF8, VPS36 and two copies of VPS25 (By similarity). Interacts with VPS25, SNF8, TSG101 and CHMP6 (By similarity). Interacts (via GLUE domain) with ubiquitin (PubMed:15755741). Interacts with RILPL1 (via the C-terminal domain); which recruits ESCRT-II to the endosome membranes (By similarity). Interacts with ECPAS (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The MVB pathway mediates delivery of transmembrane proteins into the lumen of the lysosome for degradation. The ESCRT-II complex is probably involved in the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex. Its ability to bind ubiquitin probably plays a role in endosomal sorting of ubiquitinated cargo proteins by ESCRT complexes. The ESCRT-II complex may also play a role in transcription regulation, possibly via its interaction with ELL. Binds phosphoinosides such as PtdIns(3,4,5)P3.
messages: Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The GLUE domain (GRAM-like ubiquitin-binding in EAP45) mediates binding to ubiquitin and phosphoinosides.

10090:Otp
gene id: 10090:Otp
uniprot id: O09113
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Bicoid subfamily.
messages: Death at birth or within the first 2 postnatal days due to defects in neuroendocrine hypothalamus differentiation.
messages: First detected at 9.5 dpc in restricted domains of the developing diencephalon and along all the hindbrain and the spinal cord. At 10 dpc, found in the medioventral region of the developing spinal cord. At 12.5 dpc, expressed in restricted zones in the preoptic, postoptic and dorsoposterior regions. At later stages, in the intermedial region of the lateral horn, in the optic tract, the presumptive stria terminalis, the amygdaloid complex of the lateral horn in the spinal cord.
messages: Involved in the specification of hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells. Specifically required for the specification of diencephalic dopaminergic neurons of the A11 group.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Restricted regions of the developing forebrain, hindbrain, and spinal cord.

10090:Zic4
gene id: 10090:Zic4
uniprot id: G3UYE7
uniprot id: Q61467
uniprot id: Q8C8J4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Binds to DNA.
messages: Exclusively expressed in the cerebellum.
messages: First expressed in embryo at 9 dpc. Expressed in the dorsal midline of the forebrain at 10.5 dpc at the boundary between the diencephalon and telencephalon, the septum, and the lamina terminalis. Expressed in the choroid plexus of the third ventricle, the dorsal part of the spinal neural tube, the dorsal sclerotome and the dorsomedial lip of the dermomyotome between 10.5 and 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the midline of the forebrain and in the dorsal spinal neural tube at 12.5 dpc.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Wwp1
gene id: 10090:Wwp1
uniprot id: Q8BZZ3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by NDFIP1- and NDFIP2-binding.
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated and ubiquitinated by RNF11.
messages: Binds SCNN1A, SCNN1B, SCNN1G, WBP1, WBP2, DRPLA and adenovirus type 2 PIII. Interacts with TGIF (By similarity). Binds KLF2 AND HIVEP3. Interacts with RNF11. Interacts with SPART. Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; this interaction activates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4 isoforms JM-B CYT-1 and JM-A CYT-1. Does not interact with ERB4 isoform JMA-A CYT-2. Interacts with SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD5, SMAD6, SMAD7, TGFBR1 and TGFBR2. Associates with the TGFBR1:TGFBR2 receptor complex in presence of SMAD7. Interacts with SKIL isoform 1. Interacts with TP63 isoform 1 and isoform 2. Interacts (via WW domains) with ARRDC1, ARRDC2 and ARRDC3 (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Chimera. The second part of the clone maps to another chromosome.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Ubiquitinates and promotes degradation of SMAD2 in response to TGF-beta signaling, which requires interaction with TGIF (By similarity). Ubiquitinates ERBB4 isoforms JM-A CYT-1 and JM-B CYT-1, KLF2, KLF5 and TP63 and promotes their proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinates RNF11 without targeting it for degradation. Ubiquitinates and promotes degradation of TGFBR1; the ubiquitination is enhanced by SMAD7. Ubiquitinates SMAD6 and SMAD7.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The WW domains mediate interaction with PPxY motif-containing proteins.

10090:Chn1
gene id: 10090:Chn1
uniprot id: Q91V57
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: GTPase-activating protein for p21-rac and a phorbol ester receptor. May play an important role in neuronal signal-transduction mechanisms (By similarity). Involved in the assembly of neuronal locomotor circuits as a direct effector of EPHA4 in axon guidance.
messages: Interacts with EPHA4; effector of EPHA4 in axon guidance linking EPHA4 activation to RAC1 regulation. May also interact with EPHB1 and EPHB2.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but display a loss of coordination of limb movement which phenocopies the one of Epha4 mutant mice.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is EPHA4 kinase activity-dependent.

10090:Cbx4
gene id: 10090:Cbx4
uniprot id: O55187
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development (By similarity). PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility (By similarity). Binds to histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) (PubMed:16537902). Plays a role in the lineage differentiation of the germ layers in embryonic development (PubMed:22226355).
messages: E3 SUMO-protein ligase which facilitates SUMO1 conjugation by UBE2I. Involved in the sumoylation of HNRNPK, a p53/TP53 transcriptional coactivator, hence indirectly regulates p53/TP53 transcriptional activation resulting in p21/CDKN1A expression.
messages: Expressed in embryoid bodies.
messages: Interacts with SUV39H1 and HIPK2 (By similarity). Interacts with CSNK2B (By similarity). Component of a PRC1-like complex (By similarity). The composition of the PRC1 complex differs between the PRC1 complex in pluripotent embryonic stem cells containing RNF2, CBX7 and PCGF2, and the PRC1 complex in differentiating cells containing RNF2, CBX2, CBX4 and BMI1 (PubMed:22226355). Interacts with RNF2 (PubMed:22226355). Interacts (via chromodomain) with histone H3K9Me3 and single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) (PubMed:16537902). Interacts with CHTOP (PubMed:22872859). May interact with H3C15 and H3C1 (By similarity). Interacts with PRDM1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The polyhistidine repeat may act as a targeting signal to nuclear speckles.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination regulates the function of the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex. Deubiquitinated by USP26.

10090:Kdm3b
gene id: 10090:Kdm3b
uniprot id: Q6ZPY7
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the JHDM2 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Demethylation of Lys residue generates formaldehyde and succinate May have tumor suppressor activity (By similarity).
messages: Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs are known to mediate the association with nuclear receptors.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pemt
gene id: 10090:Pemt
uniprot id: Q61907
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. PEMT/PEM2 methyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the three sequential steps of the methylation pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a critical and essential component for membrane structure (PubMed:9371769) (Probable). Uses S-adenosylmethionine (S-adenosyl-L-methionine, SAM or AdoMet) as the methyl group donor for the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, PE) to phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-methylethanolamine, PMME), PMME to phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N,N-dimethylethanolamine, PDME), and PDME to phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, PC), producing S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine in each step (PubMed:9371769).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Severe liver pathology rapidly occurs in knockout mice after 3-days withdrawal of dietary choline, which might occur during starvation, pregnancy or lactation, and may die after 4-5 days (PubMed:9765216). Homocysteine plasma content in knockouts is 50 percent less of the content in wild type mice (PubMed:12482759).

10090:Rhox3a
gene id: 10090:Rhox3a
uniprot id: Q4TU90
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cmtm3
gene id: 10090:Cmtm3
uniprot id: Q99LJ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like factor family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hsfy2
gene id: 10090:Hsfy2
uniprot id: Q80Y37
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HSF family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zscan4c
gene id: 10090:Zscan4c
uniprot id: Q80VJ6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific transcription factor required to regulate ES cell pluripotency. Binds telomeres and plays a key role in genomic stability in ES cells by regulating telomere elongation. Acts as an activator of spontaneous telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) and telomere elongation in undifferentiated ES cells.
messages: Embryonic stem (ES) cell-specific. Expressed in only 5% of ES cells at a given time, but nearly all ES cells express it at least once during 9 passages.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptionally regulated by ZSCAN10.
messages: telomere

10090:Grpel1
gene id: 10090:Grpel1
uniprot id: Q99LP6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GrpE family.
messages: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. Seems to control the nucleotide-dependent binding of mitochondrial HSP70 to substrate proteins (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Probable component of the PAM complex at least composed of a mitochondrial HSP70 protein, GRPEL1 or GRPEL2, TIMM44, TIMM16/PAM16 and TIMM14/DNAJC19. Binds to HSP70, HSC70 and HSJ1B (By similarity).

10090:Prdm8
gene id: 10090:Prdm8
uniprot id: Q8BZ97
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, liver, testes, retina (PubMed:19646955, PubMed:22284184). Highest expression is observed in the retina and hippocampus; moderately expressed in the cortex and cerebellum. In the retina, it is expressed in bipolar and amacrine cells (PubMed:26023183).
messages: Interacts with BHLHE22 (PubMed:22284184). Interacts with EPM2A and NHLRC1. This interaction sequesters EPM2A and NHLRC1 to the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice lacking PRDM8 shows absence of the corticospinal tract, agenesis of the corpus callosum and hippocampal commissure; they have an abnormal itching behavior that results in the formation of skin lesions, and occasionally display an unusual movement in which they walk on their forepaws (PubMed:22284184). PRDM8-null mice also have a non-progressive defect in retinal responses, and loss of rod bipolar and type 2 OFF-cone bipolar cells (PubMed:26023183).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable histone methyltransferase, preferentially acting on 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (PubMed:19646955). Histone methyltransferase activity has not been confirmed in other species. Involved in the control of steroidogenesis through transcriptional repression of steroidogenesis marker genes such as CYP17A1 and LHCGR (PubMed:19646955). Forms with BHLHE22 a transcriptional repressor complex controlling genes involved in neural development and neuronal differentiation (PubMed:22284184). In the retina, it is required for rod bipolar and type 2 OFF-cone bipolar cell survival (PubMed:26023183).

10090:Or7g22
gene id: 10090:Or7g22
uniprot id: Q8VFJ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Neurog1
gene id: 10090:Neurog1
uniprot id: P70660
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Activates transcription by binding to the E box (5'-CANNTG-3'). Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Expression restricted to the embryonic nervous system.
messages: Highest expression in the embryo between days 10 and 12. Declines to undetectable levels by embryonic day 16.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or4c112
gene id: 10090:Or4c112
uniprot id: Q8VGG1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mtus1
gene id: 10090:Mtus1
uniprot id: Q5HZI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MTUS1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cooperates with AGTR2 to inhibit ERK2 activation and cell proliferation. May be required for AGTR2 cell surface expression. Together with PTPN6, induces UBE2V2 expression upon angiotensin-II stimulation.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with AGTR2. Interacts with PTPN6.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in uterus and adrenal gland.

10090:Smim13
gene id: 10090:Smim13
uniprot id: E9Q942
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SMIM13 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hnf1a
gene id: 10090:Hnf1a
uniprot id: P22361
uniprot id: Q66JY7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HNF1 homeobox family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer (PubMed:11106484, PubMed:11439029). Heterotetramer with PCBD1; formed by a dimer of dimers (PubMed:10966642). Interacts with PCBD1 (By similarity). Interacts with BHLHE41 (PubMed:30555544).
messages: Liver.
messages: Mice are born at less than half of the expected frequency. Neonates are slightly smaller than normal and do not grow normally. After 5 weeks mice weigh only 50 to 60% as much as their littermates. Mice develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) 2 weeks after birth. Mice exhibit elevated levels of blood glucose, combined with reduced blood levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGFI). Males and females are sterile.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator that regulates the tissue specific expression of multiple genes, especially in pancreatic islet cells and in liver (PubMed:19289501). Binds to the inverted palindrome 5'-GTTAATNATTAAC-3' (PubMed:10966642). Activates the transcription of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A11 (PubMed:30555544).

10090:Sesn3
gene id: 10090:Sesn3
uniprot id: A2RSF4
uniprot id: Q9CYP7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sestrin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver and skeletal muscles.
messages: Interacts with the GATOR2 complex which is composed of MIOS, SEC13, SEH1L, WDR24 and WDR59; the interaction is not regulated by leucine (By similarity). Interacts with RRAGA, RRAGB, RRAGC and RRAGD; may function as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for RRAGs and regulate them (PubMed:25259925). Interacts with the TORC2 complex; through RICTOR (PubMed:25377878).
messages: Liver-specific Sesn3 knockout mice display insulin resistance and glucose intolerance (PubMed:25377878). Sesn2 and Sesn3 double knockout mice display insulin resistance and glucose intolerance (PubMed:22958918). Triple knockout mice lacking Sesn1, Sesn2 and Sesn3 do not display an embryonic lethal phenotype since they are born at an expected Mendelian ratio. Moreover, they are not distinguishable from their wild-type littermate. However, their survival at 10 days is dramatically affected. This is associated with a constitutive activation of TORC1 signaling in the liver, heart and skeletal muscle during postnatal fasting, that occurs between birth and suckling (PubMed:25259925).
messages: May function as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the TORC1 signaling pathway (PubMed:25259925). May also regulate the insulin-receptor signaling pathway through activation of TORC2 (PubMed:25377878). This metabolic regulator may also play a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses (By similarity). May prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity born by the N-terminal domain of the protein (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminal domain mediates interaction with GATOR2 through which it regulates TORC1 signaling.
messages: The N-terminal domain may have an alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity.

10090:Sult2a3
gene id: 10090:Sult2a3
uniprot id: D3Z1W5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Bmp6
gene id: 10090:Bmp6
uniprot id: P20722
uniprot id: Q3UXB2
uniprot id: Q8BRW3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Deficient mice are viable and fertile without displaying overt effects in tissues known to express BMP6, suggesting a functional redundancy among the factors of this subgroup (PubMed:9664685). However, these mice show a significant increased liver iron content (PubMed:19252486, PubMed:32464486).
messages: Expressed in the lung. Low levels seen in the kidney.
messages: Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes including cartilage and bone formation (By similarity). Also plays an important role in the regulation of HAMP/hepcidin expression and iron metabolism by acting as a ligand for hemojuvelin/HJV (PubMed:19252486). Also acts to promote expression of HAMP, potentially via the interaction with its receptor BMPR1A/ALK3 (PubMed:31800957). Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor ACVR1 and type II receptor ACVR2B. In turn, ACVR1 propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target. Can also signal through non-canonical pathway such as TAZ-Hippo signaling cascade to modulate VEGF signaling by regulating VEGFR2 expression (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SOSTDC1 (PubMed:14623234). Interacts (when glycosylated) with type I receptor ACVR1; the interaction may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957). Interacts with type II receptor ACVR2B (By similarity). Interacts with Hemojuvelin/HJV (PubMed:19252486). Interacts with ERFE; the interaction inhibits BMP-induced transcription of HAMP (PubMed:30097509, PubMed:31800957). Interacts with BMPR1A/ALK3 (PubMed:31800957). Forms heterodimers with BMP2 in vitro; the heterodimer then binds to its receptor BMPR1A /ALK3 and may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957).
messages: Secreted

10090:Vmn1r175
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r175
uniprot id: K7N6T9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sap25
gene id: 10090:Sap25
uniprot id: Q1EHW4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in the transcriptional repression mediated by the mSIN3A but not the N-CoR corepressor complex.
messages: May be a component of the mSIN3A corepressor complex. Interacts with SIN3A and HDAC2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:C1galt1
gene id: 10090:C1galt1
uniprot id: Q9JJ06
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family. Beta3-Gal-T subfamily.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that generates the core 1 O-glycan Gal-beta1-3GalNAc-alpha1-Ser/Thr (T antigen), which is a precursor for many extended O-glycans in glycoproteins. Plays a central role in many processes, such as angiogenesis, thrombopoiesis and kidney homeostasis development.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with the C1GALT1C1 chaperone; required for galactosyltransferase activity (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice develop brain hemorrhage that cause death at 14 dpc during development. They express the nonsialylated Tn antigen and brains form a chaotic microvascular network with distorted capillary lumens and defective association of endothelial cells with pericytes and extracellular matrix.
messages: Primarily expressed in endothelial, hematopoietic and epithelial cells during development.

10090:Mip
gene id: 10090:Mip
uniprot id: P51180
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aquaporins contain two tandem repeats each containing two membrane-spanning helices and a pore-forming loop with the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA). Each tandem repeat contains a loop and a short helix that enter and leave the lipid bilayer on the same side (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Mip are a cause of autosomal dominant cataract. The cataract Fraser mutation (Cat-Fr or Shrivelled) is a transposon-induced splicing error that substitutes a long terminal repeat sequence for the C-terminus of Mip. The lens opacity mutation (LOP) is an AA substitution that inhibits targeting of Mip to the cell-membrane.
messages: Fatty acylated at Met-1 and Lys-238. The acyl modifications, in decreasing order of ion abundance, are: oleoyl (C18:1) > palmitoyl (C16:0) > stearoyl (C18:0) > eicosenoyl (C20:1) > dihomo-gamma-linolenoyl (C20:3) > palmitoleoyl (C16:1) > eicosadienoyl (C20:2).
messages: Homotetramer. Homooctamer formed by head-to-head interaction between homotetramers from adjoining membranes. Interacts with CALM; one CALM molecule interacts with the cytoplasmic domains of two aquaporins, leading to channel closure. Interacts (via C-terminus) with BFSP1 (via C-terminus) in aged lens fiber cells (By similarity).
messages: Major component of lens fiber gap junctions.
messages: Ref.2 sequence was originally thought to originate from Human.
messages: Subject to partial proteolytic cleavage in the eye lens core. Partial proteolysis promotes interactions between tetramers from adjoining membranes (By similarity).
messages: Water channel. Channel activity is down-regulated by CALM when cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels are increased. May be responsible for regulating the osmolarity of the lens. Interactions between homotetramers from adjoining membranes may stabilize cell junctions in the eye lens core. Plays a role in cell-to-cell adhesion and facilitates gap junction coupling (By similarity).
messages: gap junction

10090:Or8b50
gene id: 10090:Or8b50
uniprot id: E9PW59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Baiap2
gene id: 10090:Baiap2
uniprot id: B1AZ46
uniprot id: Q3UKP6
uniprot id: Q8BKX1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that links membrane-bound small G-proteins to cytoplasmic effector proteins. Necessary for CDC42-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and for RAC1-mediated membrane ruffling. Involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by WASF family members and the Arp2/3 complex. Plays a role in neurite growth. Acts syngeristically with ENAH to promote filipodia formation. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to bacterial infection. Participates in actin bundling when associated with EPS8, promoting filopodial protrusions.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver, brain, olfactory bulb, brain cortex, caudate putamen, hypothalamus and cerebellum.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CDC42 and RAC1 that have been activated by GTP binding. Binds DIAPH1. Interacts with ATN1, ADGRB1, SHANK1, SHANK2, SHANK3, TIAM1, WASF1 and WASF2. Interacts with ENAH after recruitment of CDC42 (By similarity). Interacts with EPS8.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by INSR in response to insulin treatment.
messages: The IMD domain forms a coiled coil. The isolated domain can induce actin bundling and filopodia formation. In the absence of G-proteins intramolecular interaction between the IMD and the SH3 domain gives rise to an auto-inhibited state of the protein. Interaction of the IMD with RAC1 or CDC42 leads to activation (By similarity).
messages: The SH3 domain interacts with ATN1, ADGRB1, WASF1, WASF2, SHANK1, DIAPH1 and ENAH.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium
messages: ruffle

10090:Saxo2
gene id: 10090:Saxo2
uniprot id: Q8BQB6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM154 family.

10090:Mal
gene id: 10090:Mal
uniprot id: O09198
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abnormal myelination and optic nerve morphology.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the MAL family.
messages: Could be an important component in vesicular trafficking cycling between the Golgi complex and the apical plasma membrane. Plays a role in the maintenance of the myelin sheath and in axon-glia and glia-glia interactions.
messages: Expressed in the spinal cord, brain, kidney and gastrointestinal tract especially in the stomach and caecum. Highly expressed by myelinating glial cells.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Lipoprotein.

10090:Hspa5
gene id: 10090:Hspa5
uniprot id: P20029
uniprot id: Q3U7T8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone that plays a key role in protein folding and quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen (PubMed:12411443, PubMed:12475965). Involved in the correct folding of proteins and degradation of misfolded proteins via its interaction with DNAJC10/ERdj5, probably to facilitate the release of DNAJC10/ERdj5 from its substrate (PubMed:12411443). Acts as a key repressor of the ERN1/IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) (By similarity). In the unstressed endoplasmic reticulum, recruited by DNAJB9/ERdj4 to the luminal region of ERN1/IRE1, leading to disrupt the dimerization of ERN1/IRE1, thereby inactivating ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Accumulation of misfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum causes release of HSPA5/BiP from ERN1/IRE1, allowing homodimerization and subsequent activation of ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Plays an auxiliary role in post-translational transport of small presecretory proteins across endoplasmic reticulum (ER). May function as an allosteric modulator for SEC61 channel-forming translocon complex, likely cooperating with SEC62 to enable the productive insertion of these precursors into SEC61 channel. Appears to specifically regulate translocation of precursors having inhibitory residues in their mature region that weaken channel gating. May also play a role in apoptosis and cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed in sperm (at protein level).
messages: In unstressed cells, AMPylation at Thr-519 by FICD inactivates the chaperome activity: AMPylated form is locked in a relatively inert state and only weakly stimulated by J domain-containing proteins. In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, de-AMPylation by the same protein, FICD, restores the chaperone activity.
messages: Induced in sinus, lung and brain tissue in response to 3-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB)-induced acidosis (PubMed:27159390). Induced in sinus, lung and brain tissue following intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to produce a mouse model of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (PubMed:20484814).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Monomer and homooligomer; homooligomerization via the interdomain linker inactivates the chaperone activity and acts as a storage of HSPA5/BiP molecules (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC1 (via J domain) (PubMed:12065409). Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CELF1/CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1 and HSPA5 (PubMed:16931514). Part of a large chaperone multiprotein complex comprising DNAJB11, HSP90B1, HSPA5, HYOU, PDIA2, PDIA4, PDIA6, PPIB, SDF2L1, UGGT1 and very small amounts of ERP29, but not, or at very low levels, CALR nor CANX (PubMed:12475965). Interacts with TMEM132A and TRIM21 (By similarity). May form a complex with ERLEC1, OS9, SEL1L and SYVN1 (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC10 (PubMed:12411443). Interacts with DNAJB9/ERdj4; leading to recruit HSPA5/BiP to ERN1/IRE1 (PubMed:11836248). Interacts with ERN1/IRE1; interaction takes place following interaction with DNAJB9/ERdj4 and leads to inactivate ERN1/IRE1 (By similarity). Interacts with MX1 (PubMed:21992152). Interacts with METTL23 (By similarity). Interacts with CEMIP; the interaction induces calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum and cell migration (By similarity). Interacts with PCSK4 form; the interaction takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Interacts with CIPC (By similarity). Interacts with CCDC88B (via C-terminus); the interaction opposes ERN1-mediated JNK activation, protecting against apoptosis (By similarity). Interacts with INPP5K; necessary for INPP5K localization at the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Interacts with MANF; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with LOXL2; leading to activate the ERN1/IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response (By similarity). Interacts with CLU under stressed condition; interaction increases CLU protein stability; facilitates its retrotranslocation and redistribution to the mitochondria; cooperatively suppress stress-induced apoptosis by stabilizing mitochondrial membran…
messages: The chaperone activity is regulated by ATP-induced allosteric coupling of the nucleotide-binding (NBD) and substrate-binding (SBD) domains (By similarity). In the ADP-bound and nucleotide-free (apo) states, the two domains have little interaction (By similarity). In contrast, in the ATP-bound state the two domains are tightly coupled, which results in drastically accelerated kinetics in both binding and release of polypeptide substrates (By similarity). J domain-containing co-chaperones (DNAJB9/ERdj4 or DNAJC10/ERdj5) stimulate the ATPase activity and are required for efficient substrate recognition by HSPA5/BiP. Homooligomerization inactivates participating HSPA5/BiP protomers and probably act as reservoirs to store HSPA5/BiP molecules when they are not needed by the cell (By similarity).
messages: The interdomain linker regulates the chaperone activity by mediating the formation of homooligomers. Homooligomers are formed by engagement of the interdomain linker of one HSPA5/BiP molecule as a typical substrate of an adjacent HSPA5/BiP molecule. HSPA5/BiP oligomerization inactivates participating HSPA5/BiP protomers. HSPA5/BiP oligomers probably act as reservoirs to store HSPA5/BiP molecules when they are not needed by the cell. When the levels of unfolded proteins rise, cells can rapidly break up these oligomers to make active monomers.

10090:Slc5a9
gene id: 10090:Slc5a9
uniprot id: Q8VDT1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Electrogenic Na(+)-coupled sugar symporter that may play a primary role in D-mannose and possibly D-fructose and D-glucose transport at the plasma membrane. Transporter activity is driven by a transmembrane Na(+) electrochemical gradient set by the Na(+)/K(+) pump. Exclusively recognizes sugar substrates having a pyranose ring with an axial hydroxyl group on carbon 2.

10090:Emx2
gene id: 10090:Emx2
uniprot id: Q04744
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EMX homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in immature and mature olfactory sensory neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:15247416). Cerebral cortex (PubMed:1352754).
messages: Interacts with translation initiation factor EIF4E.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX1, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain. May function in combination with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system.
messages: axon

10090:Vmn1r168
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r168
uniprot id: K7N6B6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem186
gene id: 10090:Tmem186
uniprot id: Q78HW2
uniprot id: Q9CR76
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the MCIA complex, required for efficient assembly of the mitochondrial complex I.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM186 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Part of the mitochondrial complex I assembly/MCIA complex that comprises at least the core subunits TMEM126B, NDUFAF1, ECSIT and ACAD9 and complement subunits such as COA1 and TMEM186. Interacts with MT-ND3.

10090:Cers6
gene id: 10090:Cers6
uniprot id: H3BL08
uniprot id: Q8C172
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated (PubMed:26620563). Deacetylation by SIRT3 increases enzyme activity and promotes mitochondrial ceramide accumulation (PubMed:26620563).
messages: Broadly expressed, with highest levels in kidney and brain (at protein level).
messages: Ceramide synthase that catalyzes the transfer of the acyl chain from acyl-CoA to a sphingoid base, with high selectivity toward palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA; C16:0-CoA) (PubMed:15823095, PubMed:18541923, PubMed:23760501, PubMed:31150623). Can use other acyl donors, but with less efficiency (PubMed:18541923). N-acylates sphinganine and sphingosine bases to form dihydroceramides and ceramides in de novo synthesis and salvage pathways, respectively. Ceramides generated by CERS6 play a role in inflammatory response (PubMed:22544924). Acts as a regulator of metabolism and hepatic lipid accumulation (PubMed:25295788, PubMed:30655217, PubMed:31150623). Under high fat diet, palmitoyl- (C16:0-) ceramides generated by CERS6 specifically bind the mitochondrial fission factor MFF, thereby promoting mitochondrial fragmentation and contributing to the development of obesity (PubMed:31150623).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show behavioral abnormalities including a clasping abnormality of their hind limbs and a habituation deficit (PubMed:23760501). Knockout mice are protected against high fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance (PubMed:25295788, PubMed:31150623). Mice show decreased palmitoyl (C16:0) ceramide pools and increased energy expenditure (PubMed:25295788, PubMed:31150623). Conditional deletion in brown adipose tissue or liver also protects mice against high fat diet-induced obesity, while it is not the case with specific deletion in myeloid cells (PubMed:25295788).
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:15823095, PubMed:23760501). Glycosylation on Asn-18 is not necessary for function (PubMed:15823095).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at the C-terminus by CK2.
messages: Some prediction bioinformatics tools predict the presence of a homeobox domain (By similarity). However, the domain is degenerate and residues that are important for DNA-binding are absent (By similarity). Moreover, the protein localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum and not in the nucleus, strongly suggesting that it does not constitute a canonical homeobox domain (PubMed:15823095).
messages: Up-regulated in liver in response to high-fat diet.

10090:Peli1
gene id: 10090:Peli1
uniprot id: Q5SRW7
uniprot id: Q8C669
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pellino family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins (By similarity). Involved in the TLR and IL-1 signaling pathways via interaction with the complex containing IRAK kinases and TRAF6. Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of IRAK1 allowing subsequent NF-kappa-B activation (PubMed:16951688). Mediates 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of RIPK3 leading to its subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation; preferentially recognizes and mediates the degradation of the 'Thr-182' phosphorylated form of RIPK3 (PubMed:29883609). Negatively regulates necroptosis by reducing RIPK3 expression (PubMed:29883609). Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of RIPK1 (By similarity).
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins.
messages: Interacts with MAP3K7 (By similarity). Upon IL1B treatment, forms a complex with TRAF6, IRAK1, IRAK4 and MYD88; this complex recruits MAP3K7/TAK1, TAB1 and TAB2 to mediate NF-kappa-B activation. Direct binding of SMAD6 to PELI1 prevents the complex formation and hence negatively regulates IL1R-TLR signaling and eventually NF-kappa-B-mediated gene expression (PubMed:16951688). Interacts (via atypical FHA domain) with RIPK3 (PubMed:29883609). Binds preferentially to the 'Thr-182' phosphorylated form of RIPK3 (By similarity). Interacts with RIPK1 (PubMed:29883609).
messages: Phosphorylated by IRAK1 and IRAK4 enhancing its E3 ligase activity.
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:Klf11
gene id: 10090:Klf11
uniprot id: Q8K1S5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: By TGF-beta. Expressed in a circadian manner in the kidney and epididymal fat tissue.
messages: Interacts with SIN3A.
messages: Mice breed normally and are fertile. Hematopoiesis at all stages of development is normal and there is no effect on globin gene expression or longevity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor. Activates the epsilon- and gamma-globin gene promoters and, to a much lower degree, the beta-globin gene and represses promoters containing SP1-like binding sites inhibiting cell growth (By similarity). Represses transcription of SMAD7 which enhances TGF-beta signaling. Induces apoptosis.

10090:Nt5c3
gene id: 10090:Nt5c3
uniprot id: Q9D020
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoform 2 is highly expressed in the brain, heart, spleen, kidney and blood. Isoform 2 is expressed (at protein level) in the spleen, skeletal muscle and gastrointestinal epithelia.
messages: Isoform 2 is weakly expressed from 7.5 dpc and the expression level steadily increases through gestation. At 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc is first detected colocalizing with embryonic blood cells within the region of the septum transversum and within the cardiac chambers and dorsal aorta. At 12.5 dpc expression is found in the ventral neural tube and in the trigeminal ganglia and in the liver and dorsal root ganglia. Expression persists in the liver, dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia at 13.5 dpc and weaker expression becomes apparent in cardiac and skeletal muscle. At 16.5 dpc expression is detected in liver, myocardium, tongue, bronchial epithelium, gastrointestinal epithelium, cartilage and forebrain neuroepithelium.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleotidase which shows specific activity towards cytidine monophosphate (CMP) and 7-methylguanosine monophosphate (m(7)GMP). CMP seems to be the preferred substrate.

10090:Scube1
gene id: 10090:Scube1
uniprot id: Q68EF9
uniprot id: Q6NZL8
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Could be proteolytically cleaved to release a smaller active fragment.
messages: Could function as an adhesive molecule and its matrix bound and soluble fragments may play a critical role in vascular biology.
messages: Down-regulated by inflammatory cytokines.
messages: Expressed predominantly in the developing gonad, nervous system somites, surface ectoderm and limb buds.
messages: Forms homooligomers and heterooligomers with SCUBE2 and SCUBE3.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Epha1
gene id: 10090:Epha1
uniprot id: Q60750
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Ephrin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer. Forms a signaling complex with LCK; PTK2B/PYK2 and PI3-kinase upon activation by EFNA1; regulates T-lymphocytes migration. Interacts (via SAM domain) with ILK (via ANK repeats); stimulated by EFNA1 but independent of the kinase activity of EPHA1. Interacts (kinase activity-dependent) with PTK2/FAK1 (By similarity).
messages: In myogenic progenitor cells, expressed during the acquisition of muscle stem cell properties, from 18.5 dpc to adulthood.
messages: Mice display a partially-penetrant uterovaginal and tail development defects. The uterovaginal defect is due to a defect in apoptosis during development.
messages: Phosphorylated. Autophosphorylation is stimulated by its ligand EFNA1 (By similarity).
messages: Preferentially expressed in epithelial cells including skin, kidney, liver and thymus (PubMed:11519828, PubMed:18802966). Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously membrane-bound ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Binds with a low affinity EFNA3 and EFNA4 and with a high affinity to EFNA1 which most probably constitutes its cognate/functional ligand. Upon activation by EFNA1 induces cell attachment to the extracellular matrix inhibiting cell spreading and motility through regulation of ILK and downstream RHOA and RAC. Also plays a role in angiogenesis and regulates cell proliferation. May play a role in apoptosis.
messages: Ubiquitinated.

10090:Pogz
gene id: 10090:Pogz
uniprot id: Q8BZH4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CBX1, CBX3, MAD2L2 and CHAMP1. Interacts with CBX5; POGZ competes with PXVXL motif-containing proteins such as INCENP and TRIM28 for interaction with CBX5 (By similarity). Interacts (via IBM motif) with PSIP1 (via IBD domain); phosphorylation increases its affinity for PSIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with HDGFL2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation increases its interaction with PSIP1.
messages: Plays a role in mitotic cell cycle progression and is involved in kinetochore assembly and mitotic sister chromatid cohesion. Probably through its association with CBX5 plays a role in mitotic chromosome segregation by regulating aurora kinase B/AURKB activation and AURKB and CBX5 dissociation from chromosome arms (By similarity). Promotes the repair of DNA double-strand breaks through the homologous recombination pathway (By similarity).

10090:Med13l
gene id: 10090:Med13l
uniprot id: A0A0J9YUA8
uniprot id: E9QLJ3
uniprot id: Q6GQS5
uniprot id: Q6JPI3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 13 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. This subunit may specifically regulate transcription of targets of the Wnt signaling pathway and SHH signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP.
messages: Highly expressed in heart and weakly expressed in brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney and testis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Npb
gene id: 10090:Npb
uniprot id: A2ABY0
uniprot id: A2ABY2
uniprot id: Q3UR83
uniprot id: Q8K4P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neuropeptide B/W family.
messages: Detected in brain; more specifically in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, hippocampus and several nuclei in midbrain and brainstem.
messages: Has an effect in food intake, on locomotor activity and has an analgesic effect, (in vivo pharmacological studies). May be involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine system, memory and learning (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Vmn1r50
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r50
uniprot id: Q9EP51
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a subset of sensory neurons located in the apical layer of the vomeronasal organ.
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Arhgef17
gene id: 10090:Arhgef17
uniprot id: Q80U35
names: Function
messages: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases.

10090:Cox16
gene id: 10090:Cox16
uniprot id: E9Q3U7
uniprot id: G3UWC6
uniprot id: Q497I8
uniprot id: Q9CR63
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the MITRAC complex. Interacts with MT-CO2/COX; specifically interacts with newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX. Interacts with SCO1, SCO2 and COA6.
messages: Belongs to the COX16 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV), also known as cytochrome c oxidase. Promotes the insertion of copper into the active site of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2). Interacts specifically with newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX and its copper center-forming metallochaperones SCO1, SCO2 and COA6. Probably facilitates MT-CO2/COX2 association with the MITRAC assembly intermediate containing MT-CO1/COX1, thereby participating in merging the MT-CO1/COX1 and MT-CO2/COX2 assembly lines.

10090:Or5b3
gene id: 10090:Or5b3
uniprot id: Q8VFW5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gpr150
gene id: 10090:Gpr150
uniprot id: Q8BL07
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Rorc
gene id: 10090:Rorc
uniprot id: A0A0G2JGZ6
uniprot id: A0A0R4J096
uniprot id: P51450
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Essential for thymopoiesis and the development of several secondary lymphoid tissues, including lymph nodes and Peyer's patches (PubMed:10602018, PubMed:14691482, PubMed:16148126). Required for the generation of LTi (lymphoid tissue inducer) cells. Regulates thymocyte survival through DNA-binding on ROREs of target gene promoter regions and recruitment of coactivaros via the AF-2. Also plays a key role, downstream of IL6 and TGFB and synergistically with RORA, for lineage specification of uncommitted CD4(+) T-helper (T(H)) cells into T(H)17 cells, antagonizing the T(H)1 program. Probably regulates IL17 and IL17F expression on T(H) by binding to the essential enhancer conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2) in the IL17-IL17F locus (PubMed:16990136, PubMed:18164222, PubMed:26607793). May also play a role in the pre-TCR activation cascade leading to the maturation of alpha/beta T-cells and may participate in the regulation of DNA accessibility in the TCR-J(alpha) locus (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018, PubMed:14691482, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:16990136, PubMed:18164222). Plays an indispensable role in the induction of IFN-gamma dependent anti-mycobacterial systemic immunity (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in immature Vgamma2 gamma-delta T-cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23562159). Expressed in the liver (PubMed:17666523, PubMed:22753030). Expressed in the heart (PubMed:17666523). Expressed in the kidney, jejunum, and brown adipose tissue (PubMed:22753030).
messages: Expressed in muscle and the thymus (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018). Expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, and lung (PubMed:9881970). Expressed in testes (PubMed:10602018). Not expressed in the spleen or bone marrow (PubMed:9881970).
messages: Expressed in the thymus, primarily in immature thymocytes, including Vgamma2 gamma-delta T-cells (at protein levels) (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018). Also expressed in a subset of mature T(H)17 cells (PubMed:18164222). Not expressed in the spleen or bone marrow (PubMed:9881970).
messages: In 3T3-L1 cells, sharp decline at mRNA and protein levels upon induction of adipocyte differentiation. Isoform 2 is detected in the immediate vicinity of vessels among small clusters of CD45(+) cells as early as 12.5 dpc. At 16.5 dpc, isoform 2 is expressed exclusively in tight clusters of cells found in lymph node anlagen, in the submucosal region of the intestine and around central vessels in the spleen.
messages: Interacts (via AF-2 motif) with the coactivators NCOA1, NCOA2 and PPARGC1A (via LXXLL motif) (PubMed:16148126, PubMed:17476214, PubMed:21499262). Interacts with the corepressor NCOR1 (PubMed:21499262). Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:22170608). Interacts (via AF-2 motif) with PROX1 (PubMed:23723244). Interacts with FOXP3 (PubMed:18368049). Interacts with NR0B2 (PubMed:25212631).
messages: Isoform 1 expression oscillates diurnally in peripheral tissues such as liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), kidney and small intestines. Isoform 2 is induced upon antigen receptor ligation in the presence of IL6 and TGB1 (via STAT3). Induced by TGFB1 in T-cells.
messages: Mice show decreased adipocytes size and highly insulin sensitivity, leading to an improved control of circulating fatty acids. Mutants are protected from hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the state of obesity. Loss of circadian pattern of some clock genes expression in the peripheral tissues and massive apoptosis of thymocytes. Knockout mice for isoform 2 lack all lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, as well as LTi cells. They also show a reduction of T(H)17 cells in the lamina propria by at least 10-fold to less than 1% of the T(H) cells. Mice are less susceptible to autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
messages: Nuclear receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to ROR response elements (RORE) containing a single core motif half-site 5'-AGGTCA-3' preceded by a short A-T-rich sequence. Key regulator of cellular differentiation, immunity, peripheral circadian rhythm as well as lipid, steroid, xenobiotics and glucose metabolism. Considered to have intrinsic transcriptional activity, have some natural ligands like oxysterols that act as agonists (25-hydroxycholesterol) or inverse agonists (7-oxygenated sterols), enhancing or repressing the transcriptional activity, respectively. Recruits distinct combinations of cofactors to target gene regulatory regions to modulate their transcriptional expression, depending on the tissue, time and promoter contexts (PubMed:17666523, PubMed:19381306, PubMed:19965867, PubMed:21853531, PubMed:22789990, PubMed:23723244). Regulates the circadian expression of clock genes such as CRY1, BMAL1 and NR1D1 in peripheral tissues and in a tissue-selective manner (PubMed:22753030). Competes with NR1D1 for binding to their shared DNA response element on some clock genes such as BMAL1, CRY1 and NR1D1 itself, resulting in NR1D1-mediated repression or RORC-mediated activation of the expression, leading to the circadian pattern of clock genes expression. Therefore influences the period length and stability of the clock (PubMed:22753030). Involved in the regulation of the rhythmic expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, including PLIN2 and AVPR1A. Negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation through the regulation of early phase genes expression, such as MMP3. Controls adipogenesis as well as adipocyte size and modulates insulin sensitivity in obesity. In liver, has specific and redundant functions with RORA as positive or negative modulator of expression of genes encoding phase I and Phase II proteins involved in the metabolism of lipids, steroids and xenobiotics, such as SULT1E1 (PubMed:21853531). Also plays also a role in the regulation of…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 1.
messages: The AF-2 (activation function-2) motif is required for recruiting coregulators containing LXXLL motifs such as NCOA1 and NCOA2.

10090:Tnfaip8
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip8
uniprot id: Q921Z5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a negative mediator of apoptosis. Suppresses the TNF-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-8 activity but not the processing of procaspase-8, subsequently resulting in inhibition of BID cleavage and caspase-3 activation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TNFAIP8 family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Triap1
gene id: 10090:Triap1
uniprot id: Q9D8Z2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRIAP1/MDM35 family.
messages: Involved in the modulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by ensuring the accumulation of cardiolipin (CL) in mitochondrial membranes. In vitro, the TRIAP1:PRELID1 complex mediates the transfer of phosphatidic acid (PA) between liposomes and probably functions as a PA transporter across the mitochondrion intermembrane space to provide PA for CL synthesis in the inner membrane. Likewise, the TRIAP1:PRELID3A complex mediates the transfer of phosphatidic acid (PA) between liposomes (in vitro) and probably functions as a PA transporter across the mitochondrion intermembrane space (in vivo). Mediates cell survival by inhibiting activation of caspase-9 which prevents induction of apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Monomer. Interacts with APAF1 and HSP70. Forms a complex with PRELID1 in the mitochondrion intermembrane space. Interacts with PRELID3A.

10090:Tmem126b
gene id: 10090:Tmem126b
uniprot id: Q9D1R1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the MCIA complex, involved in the assembly of the mitochondrial complex I. Participates in constructing the membrane arm of complex I.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM126 family.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Part of the mitochondrial complex I assembly/MCIA complex that comprises at least the core subunits TMEM126B, NDUFAF1, ECSIT and ACAD9 and complement subunits such as COA1 and TMEM186. Associates with the intermediate 370 kDa subcomplex of incompletely assembled complex I. Interacts with TMEM70 (By similarity).

10090:Wfdc21
gene id: 10090:Wfdc21
uniprot id: Q8BTE6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May promote activation of the metalloproteinase MMP2.
messages: Predominantly expressed in white adipose tissue and liver.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by TNF-alpha and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro.

10090:Arhgap26
gene id: 10090:Arhgap26
uniprot id: Q6ZQ82
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to the C-terminus of PTK2/FAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with NYAP1, NYAP2 and MYO16.
messages: GTPase-activating protein for RHOA and CDC42.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Coq2
gene id: 10090:Coq2
uniprot id: Q66JT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.
messages: Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis (PubMed:20526342). Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl donor (such as all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate) (PubMed:20526342). The length of the polyprenyl side chain varies depending on the species, in humans, the side chain is comprised of 10 isoprenyls producing CoQ10 (also known as ubiquinone), whereas rodents predominantly generate CoQ9 (PubMed:20526342). However, this specificity is not complete, human tissues have low amounts of CoQ9 and rodent organs contain some CoQ10 (By similarity). Plays a central role in the biosynthesis of CoQ9 (PubMed:20526342). CoQ9 is a vital molecule that transports electrons from mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (PubMed:20526342). CoQs also function as cofactors for uncoupling protein and play a role as regulators of the extracellularly-induced ceramide-dependent apoptotic pathway (By similarity). Regulates mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and ROS production (pivotal events in cell death) in a tissue specific manner (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ss18l2
gene id: 10090:Ss18l2
uniprot id: Q9D174
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SS18 family.

10090:Tbl1xr1
gene id: 10090:Tbl1xr1
uniprot id: Q8BHJ5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat EBI family.
messages: Component of the N-Cor repressor complex, at least composed of NCOR1, NCOR2, HDAC3, TBL1X, TBL1XR1, CORO2A and GPS2. Probable component of some E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Interacts with histones H2B and H4 (By similarity). Interacts with MECP2; bridges interaction between MECP2 and NCOR1 (PubMed:28348241). Interacts with USP44 (By similarity).
messages: F-box-like protein involved in the recruitment of the ubiquitin/19S proteasome complex to nuclear receptor-regulated transcription units. Plays an essential role in transcription activation mediated by nuclear receptors. Probably acts as integral component of the N-Cor corepressor complex that mediates the recruitment of the 19S proteasome complex, leading to the subsequent proteasomal degradation of N-Cor complex, thereby allowing cofactor exchange, and transcription activation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The F-box-like domain is related to the F-box domain, and apparently displays the same function as component of ubiquitin E3 ligase complexes.

10090:ND4
gene id: 10090:ND4
uniprot id: P03911
uniprot id: Q7JCY6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the complex I subunit 4 family.
messages: Core subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Cenpw
gene id: 10090:Cenpw
uniprot id: Q3URR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CENP-W/WIP1 family.
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation (By similarity). The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres (By similarity). Part of a nucleosome-associated complex that binds specifically to histone H3-containing nucleosomes at the centromere, as opposed to nucleosomes containing CENPA. Component of the heterotetrameric CENP-T-W-S-X complex that binds and supercoils DNA, and plays an important role in kinetochore assembly. CENPW has a fundamental role in kinetochore assembly and function. It is one of the inner kinetochore proteins, with most further proteins binding downstream. Required for normal chromosome organization and normal progress through mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer with CENPT; this dimer coassembles with CENPS-CENPX heterodimers at centromeres to form the tetrameric CENP-T-W-S-X complex, which is a subcomplex of the large constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN, also known as the interphase centromere complex or ICEN). Interacts with NPM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore
messages: nucleolus

10090:Zfp638
gene id: 10090:Zfp638
uniprot id: Q61464
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: In an vitro adipocyte differentiation system, induced at the protein and RNA levels shortly after exposure to the induction mixture. Levels peak before PPARG induction and rapidly decrease during later stages of differentiation.
messages: Interacts with FHL2 (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPA, CEBPD and CEBPG (PubMed:21602272). Interacts with MPHOSPH8 and TASOR components of the HUSH complex; leading to recruitment of the HUSH complex (By similarity). Interacts with SETDB1 (By similarity). Interacts with HDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with HDAC4 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The matrin-type zinc finger domain is required for localization to nuclear speckles.
messages: Transcription factor that binds to cytidine clusters in double-stranded DNA (By similarity). Plays a key role in the silencing of unintegrated retroviral DNA: some part of the retroviral DNA formed immediately after infection remains unintegrated in the host genome and is transcriptionally repressed (PubMed:30487602). Mediates transcriptional repression of unintegrated viral DNA by specifically binding to the cytidine clusters of retroviral DNA and mediating the recruitment of chromatin silencers, such as the HUSH complex, SETDB1 and the histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC4 (PubMed:30487602). Acts as an early regulator of adipogenesis by acting as a transcription cofactor of CEBPs (CEBPA, CEBPD and/or CEBPG), controlling the expression of PPARG and probably of other proadipogenic genes, such as SREBF1 (PubMed:21602272). May also regulate alternative splicing of target genes during adipogenesis (PubMed:25024404).

10090:Dnase1l1
gene id: 10090:Dnase1l1
uniprot id: A0A158SIT2
uniprot id: Q9D7J6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNase I family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Highly expressed in heart and skeletal muscles. Low expression in brain and thymus. Intermediated expression in other tissues.

10090:Gm20910
gene id: 10090:Gm20910
uniprot id: J3QPX2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Tab3
gene id: 10090:Tab3
uniprot id: Q571K4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter required to activate the JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways through the specific recognition of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains by its RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF). Acts as an adapter linking MAP3K7/TAK1 and TRAF6 to 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. The RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF) specifically recognizes Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains unanchored or anchored to the substrate proteins such as RIPK1/RIP1 and RIPK2: this acts as a scaffold to organize a large signaling complex to promote autophosphorylation of MAP3K7/TAK1, and subsequent activation of I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex by MAP3K7/TAK1.
messages: Degraded in a lysosome-dependent manner following interactiuon with TRIM38.
messages: Interacts with TAB1, TAB2, MAP3K7, TRAF2 and TRAF6. The minimal TAB3-containing complex (TAB1-MAP3K7-TAB3) appears not to contain TAB2. However, it seems sensible to consider that TAB2 may also join this complex and may act in a cooperative manner with TAB3. Interacts with DYNC2I2 (via the WD domains). Interacts with RBCK1. Binds 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Interacts with TRIM5. Interacts with TRIM38 (via B30.2/SPRY domain), leading to its translocation to lysosomes and degradation.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-510 by MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK3 following IL1 treatment.
messages: The RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF) mediates binding to two consecutive 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitins.
messages: Ubiquitinated; following IL1 stimulation or TRAF6 overexpression. Ubiquitinated by AMFR via 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination; leading to TAK1/MAP3K7 activation.

10090:Npr2
gene id: 10090:Npr2
uniprot id: Q6VVW5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.
messages: Binds ligand, but no cyclase activation.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Fail to bind the ligand.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Mice mainly display dwarfism associated with impairment of endochondral ossification, reduced growth of longitudinal vertebra and limb-bone. Self-clasping and priapism that could be due to neuronal disorder are detected. The development of the female reproductive organ is affected.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of the protein kinase-like domain is required for full activation by CNP.
messages: Receptor for the C-type natriuretic peptide NPPC/CNP hormone. Has guanylate cyclase activity upon binding of its ligand. May play a role in the regulation of skeletal growth.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in the columnar proliferating and prehypertrophic chondrocyte layers of the tibia.

10090:Ifitm5
gene id: 10090:Ifitm5
uniprot id: O88728
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.
messages: By interferons.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in embryonic bone (at protein level) (PubMed:18442316). Highly expressed in osteoblasts of adults and embryos. Expressed in primitive hemopoietic cells.
messages: Embryonic lethality, leading to the birth of only 7% homozygous mutant pups, instead of the expected 25%. Only two out of eight pups were female. Crossing homozygous mice gave rise to about one sixth of the normal litter size, and many newborns died within 48 hours after birth. Homozygous newborns display no striking phenotype other than smaller bones and especially shorter long bones, and this phenotype persists into adulthood. The radius, ulna and tibia are frequently bent in newborns, but this is no longer the case in young adults.
messages: In embryos at 16.5 dpf, detected in lumbar and thoracic vertebra, the basisphenoid bone, the mandible, the coronal suture between the frontal and parietal bones, the maxilla, the nasal bone and the palate, as well as in the bone collars of long bones and digital bones in hind limbs, and in the primary ossification center.
messages: Interacts with FKBP11.
messages: Membrane topology is controversial. The N-terminus is cytoplasmic and the C-terminus extracellular according to PubMed:24715519, while both the N-terminus and the C-terminus are extracellular according to PubMed:18442316.
messages: Palmitoylated.
messages: Required for normal bone mineralization.

10090:Rapgef2
gene id: 10090:Rapgef2
uniprot id: E9QNQ4
uniprot id: Q6NXI4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RAPGEF2 family.

10090:Ugt1a6b
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a6b
uniprot id: K9J7B2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cited1
gene id: 10090:Cited1
uniprot id: P97769
uniprot id: Q3UGA1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CITED family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in calvarial osteoblasts. Expressed in nulliparous mammary epithelial cells; absent in pregnant mice and in lacting mammary glands. Also expressed in mammary tumors (at protein level). Expressed only in melanocytes and testis. Expressed at high levels in the strongly pigmented melanoma cells but at low levels in the weakly pigmented cells.
messages: Expressed in trophectoderm-derived cells of the placenta.
messages: Homodimer. Binds to RBM14. Interacts (via N-terminus) with HSPA8; the interaction suppresses the association of CITED1 with p300/CBP and SMAD-mediated transcription transactivation. Interacts (via C-terminus) with TOX3 (via HGM box); the interaction increases estrogen-response element (ERE)-dependent transcription and protection against cell death. Interacts with ESR1; the interaction occurs in a estrogen-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts (unphosphorylated form preferentially and via C-terminus) with EP300. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CREBBP. Interacts with EGR2.
messages: Mice die shortly after birth. Mice show an abnormal placental development; the spongiotrophoblast layer is irregular in shape and enlarged while the labyrinthine layer is reduced in size, the blood spaces within the labyrinthine are disrupted. Produces more mineralized bone nodules and deposited twice as much calcium in the matrix.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation changes in a cell cycle-dependent manner and reduces its transcriptional cofactor activity (By similarity).
messages: Transcriptional coactivator of the p300/CBP-mediated transcription complex. Enhances SMAD-mediated transcription by strengthening the functional link between the DNA-binding SMAD transcription factors and the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex. Stimulates estrogen-dependent transactivation activity mediated by estrogen receptors signaling; stabilizes the interaction of estrogen receptor ESR1 and histone acetyltransferase EP300. Positively regulates TGF-beta signaling through its association with the SMAD/p300/CBP-mediated transcriptional coactivator complex. Induces transcription from estrogen-responsive promoters and protection against cell death. Potentiates EGR2-mediated transcriptional activation activity from the ERBB2 promoter. Acts as an inhibitor of osteoblastic mineralization through a cAMP-dependent parathyroid hormone receptor signaling. May play a role in pigmentation of melanocytes. Associates with chromatin to the estrogen-responsive TGF-alpha promoter region in a estrogen-dependent manner.
messages: Up-regulated by parathyroid hormone, forskolin and phorbol ester in osteoblasts.

10090:Eps15l1
gene id: 10090:Eps15l1
uniprot id: Q60902
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with EPS15, AGFG1/HRB and AGFG2/HRBL. Associates with the clathrin-associated adapter protein complex 2 (AP-2). Interacts with FCHO1 (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO2. Interacts (via EH domains) with DAB2. Interacts with UBQLN1 (via ubiquitin-like domain). Interacts with CAVIN3 (via leucine-zipper domain) (By similarity). Interacts with REPS2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by EGFR.
messages: Seems to be a constitutive component of clathrin-coated pits that is required for receptor-mediated endocytosis. Involved in endocytosis of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) and transferrin receptor (TFR); internalization of ITGB1 as DAB2-dependent cargo but not TFR seems to require association with DAB2 (By similarity).
messages: coated pit

10090:Eif2ak4
gene id: 10090:Eif2ak4
uniprot id: Q9QZ05
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Kinase activity is enhanced by alphavirus genomic RNA sequences (PubMed:16601681). Kinase activity is stimulated upon binding to uncharged tRNAs (PubMed:16601681). Activated by serum starvation (in vitro) (PubMed:10504407).
messages: (Microbial infection) Plays a role in modulating the adaptive immune response to Yellow fever virus infection; promotes dendritic cells to initiate autophagy and antigene presentation to both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells under amino acid starvation.
messages: (Microbial infection) Plays a role in the antiviral response against alphavirus infection; impairs early viral mRNA translation of the incoming genomic virus RNA, thus preventing alphavirus replication.
messages: Autophosphorylated; autophosphorylation on Thr-898 is increased upon amino acid starvation and in UV irradiation cells and inhibited in presence of IMPACT (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:10655230, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:16601681, PubMed:24333428).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GCN2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in liver (PubMed:10504407). Expressed predominantly in the hippocampal CA1 region and the dentate gyrus, and to a lesser degree in CA3 (at protein level) (PubMed:16121183). Expressed in liver, lung, brain, kidney, skeletal muscle and testis (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:10655230). Expressed weakly in heart and spleen (PubMed:10655230). Expressed in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions, the dentate gyrus and cerebellum (PubMed:16121183). Isoform 1 is widely expressed (PubMed:12215525). Isoform 1 is expressed in brain, liver, skeletal muscle and testis (PubMed:10655230). Isoform 3 is expressed in lung, brain, testis, prostate and choroid plexus (PubMed:12215525). Isoform 4 is expressed in muscle, lung, kidney, brain, testis and prostate (PubMed:10655230, PubMed:12215525).
messages: Homodimer; homodimerization is important for kinase activation by uncharged tRNAs (By similarity). Interacts with GCN1; this interaction stimulates EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity and is impaired by IMPACT upon a variety of stress conditions, such as amino acid depletion, UV-C irradiation, proteasome inhibitor treatment and glucose deprivation (PubMed:24333428). Interacts with DNAJC3; this interaction inhibits EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity during endoplasmic reticulum (ER), hypothermic and amino acid-starving stress conditions (PubMed:25329545). Interacts with MAP3K20; activates EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity in response to moderate ribotoxic stress (By similarity).
messages: Metabolic-stress sensing protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) in response to low amino acid availability (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:10655230, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:12215525, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:16054071, PubMed:16176978, PubMed:16121183, PubMed:15774759, PubMed:16601681, PubMed:26102367). Plays a role as an activator of the integrated stress response (ISR) required for adaptation to amino acid starvation (PubMed:10655230, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:16176978, PubMed:26102367). EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha into a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a global attenuation of cap-dependent translation, and thus to a reduced overall utilization of amino acids, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, and hence allowing ATF4-mediated reprogramming of amino acid biosynthetic gene expression to alleviate nutrient depletion (PubMed:10655230, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:16176978, PubMed:26102367). Required for the translational induction of protein kinase PRKCH following amino acid starvation (PubMed:19797084). Binds uncharged tRNAs (By similarity). Involved in cell cycle arrest by promoting cyclin D1 mRNA translation repression after the unfolded protein response pathway (UPR) activation or cell cycle inhibitor CDKN1A/p21 mRNA translation activation in response to amino acid deprivation (PubMed:16176978, PubMed:26102367). Plays a role in the consolidation of synaptic plasticity, learning as well as formation of long-term memory (PubMed:16121183). Plays a role in neurite outgrowth inhibition (PubMed:23447528). Plays a role in feeding behavior to maintain amino acid homeostasis; contributes to the innate aversion toward diets of imbalanced amino acid composition (PubMed:16054071, Pub…
messages: Mice are viable, fertile, and exhibit no phenotypic abnormalities under standard growth conditions (PubMed:12215525). Show an increase in prenatal and neonatal mortalities when essential amino acids are absent in the maternal diet during gestation (PubMed:12215525, PubMed:15213227). In response to nutrient deprivation, display reduced abilities to chronically down-regulate hepatic protein synthesis, resulting in preservation of liver mass relative to body size and enhanced skeletal muscle loss (PubMed:15213227). Mice exhibit a lowered threshold for the induction of strong and robust long-term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 neurons of the hippocampus and the consolidation of long-term memory (PubMed:16121183). Knockout and conditional knockout in the brain result in a diminution of the rate of food consumption and an impairment in the food aversion response in mice fed an imbalanced amino acid diet (PubMed:16054071). Mice are more susceptible to intranasal Sindbis virus infection, with high virus titers in the brain compared to similarly infected control animals (PubMed:16601681). Mice infected with yellow fever virus show a decrease in dendritic cell autophagy and an impairment in their capacity to present antigens to T-cells under amino acid starvation (PubMed:24310610).
messages: The histidyl-tRNA synthetase-like region and protein kinase domains are necessary for eIF-2-alpha kinase activity and eIF-2-alpha-mediated translational control (PubMed:10655230). The histidyl-tRNA synthetase-like domain is necessary for binding to uncharged tRNAs (PubMed:16601681). Kinase domain 1 is a degenerate kinase domain (PubMed:10504407).

10090:Icam2
gene id: 10090:Icam2
uniprot id: P35330
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. ICAM family.
messages: Expressed in endothelial cells and leukocytes. High levels found in lung.
messages: ICAM proteins are ligands for the leukocyte adhesion protein LFA-1 (integrin alpha-L/beta-2). ICAM2 may play a role in lymphocyte recirculation by blocking LFA-1-dependent cell adhesion. It mediates adhesive interactions important for antigen-specific immune response, NK-cell mediated clearance, lymphocyte recirculation, and other cellular interactions important for immune response and surveillance.
messages: Interacts with RDX, EZR and MSN.
messages: Membrane
messages: microvillus

10090:Or52e8
gene id: 10090:Or52e8
uniprot id: Q7TRP2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or5m9
gene id: 10090:Or5m9
uniprot id: A0A1L1ST14
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nsdhl
gene id: 10090:Nsdhl
uniprot id: Q3US15
uniprot id: Q9R1J0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Catalyzes the NAD(P)(+)-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of the C4 methyl groups of 4-alpha-carboxysterols in post-squalene cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:10369263, PubMed:14567972). Plays a role in the regulation of the endocytic trafficking of EGFR (PubMed:23125191).
messages: Defects in Nsdhl are the cause of male-lethal mutations bare patches (Bpa) and striated (Str) phenotypes. Heterozygous Bpa females are dwarfed and demonstrate abnormal deposits of calcium in tail vertebrae. They also develop a hyperkeratotic skin eruption shortly after birth that resolves, leaving 'bare patches' arranged in a horizontal, striped pattern. The Str females are indistinguishable from normal littermates until postnatal day 12-14 when they develop striations in their coat.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lipid droplet

10090:Apof
gene id: 10090:Apof
uniprot id: Q91V80
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein F family.
messages: Liver.
messages: Minor apolipoprotein that associates with LDL. Inhibits cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity and appears to be an important regulator of cholesterol transport. Also associates to a lesser degree with VLDL, Apo-AI and Apo-AII.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tmem208
gene id: 10090:Tmem208
uniprot id: Q9CR96
uniprot id: S4R1H6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM208 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: May function as a negative regulator of endoplasmic reticulum-stress induced autophagy.
messages: Membrane

10090:Galnt15
gene id: 10090:Galnt15
uniprot id: Q9D2N8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Although it displays a much weaker activity toward all substrates tested compared to GALNT2, it is able to transfer up to seven GalNAc residues to the Muc5AC peptide, suggesting that it can fill vicinal Thr/Ser residues in cooperation with other GALNT proteins. Prefers Muc1a as substrate (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in testis.
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Aire
gene id: 10090:Aire
uniprot id: B2MVU6
uniprot id: Q3ZB65
uniprot id: Q3ZB71
uniprot id: Q9Z0E3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice show an altered thymic organization with altered morphology and location of mTECs (PubMed:19015306). They exhibit defective accumulation of thymic dendritic cells in the medullary region and generation of naturally ocurring T cells in the thymus (PubMed:21300913).
messages: Highly expressed in a few cells in the medulla of the thymus (medullary epithelial cells) (at protein level) (PubMed:23993652). Expressed in thymic but no peripheral B-cells (PubMed:26070482). In secondary lymphoid organs, expressed in a discrete population of bone marrow-derived toleregenic antigen presenting cells (APCs) called extrathymic AIRE expressing cells (eTAC)(at protein level) (PubMed:23993652). Detected at very low levels in thymus, lymph node, liver, brain, ovary, lung, testis, kidney, heart, spleen, bone marrow, skeletal muscle and adrenal gland. Isoforms 1a to 1d predominate, isoforms 2a to 2d are intermediate and isoforms 3a to 3d are expressed at extremely low levels.
messages: Homodimer and homotetramer. Interacts with CREBBP. Interacts preferentially with histone H3 that is not methylated at 'Lys-4'. Binds with lower affinity to histone H3 that is monomethylated at 'Lys-4'. Trimethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-4' or phosphorylation at 'Thr-3' abolish the interaction. Binds with lower affinity to histone H3 that is acetylated at 'Lys-4', or that is acetylated at 'Lys-9' or trimethylated at 'Lys-9'. Binds histone H3 that is dimethylated at 'Arg-2' with very low affinity (By similarity).
messages: In the thymus, not expressed at 13.5 dpc but present at 16.5 dpc and postnatal day 1.
messages: Interacts via the first PHD domain with the N-terminus of histone H3 that is not methylated at 'Lys-4'. Disruption of the first PHD domain has been shown to lead to reduced transcriptional activity and to localization of the protein mainly in the cytoplasm in small granules. While the PHD zinc fingers are necessary for the transactivation capacity of the protein, other regions also modulate this function (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Probably inactive.
messages: The L-X-X-L-L repeats may be implicated in binding to nuclear receptors.
messages: The N-terminal HSR domain is required for localization on tubular structures.
messages: Transcription factor playing an essential role to promote self-tolerance in the thymus by regulating the expression of a wide array of self-antigens that have the commonality of being tissue-restricted in their expression pattern in the periphery, called tissue restricted antigens (TRA) (Probable). Binds to G-doublets in an A/T-rich environment; the preferred motif is a tandem repeat of 5'-. ATTGGTTA-3' combined with a 5'-TTATTA-3' box. Binds to nucleosomes (By similarity). Binds to chromatin and interacts selectively with histone H3 that is not methylated at 'Lys-4', not phosphorylated at 'Thr-3' and not methylated at 'Arg-2'. Functions as a sensor of histone H3 modifications that are important for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Mainly expressed by medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), induces the expression of thousands of tissue-restricted proteins, which are presented on major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) and MHC-II molecules to developing T-cells percolating through the thymic medulla (By similarity). Also induces self-tolerance through other mechanisms such as the regulation of the mTEC differentiation program (PubMed:19015306). Controls the medullary accumulation of thymic dendritic cells and the development of regulatory T-cell through the regulation of XCL1 expression (PubMed:21300913). Regulates the production of CCR4 and CCR7 ligands in medullary thymic epithelial cells and alters the coordinated maturation and migration of thymocytes (PubMed:19923453). In thimic B-cells, allows the presentation of licensing-dependent endogenous self-anitgen for negative selection (PubMed:26070482). In secondary lymphoid organs, induces functional inactivation of CD4(+) T-cells. Expressed by a distinct bone marrow-derived population, induces self-tolerance through a mechanism that does not require regulatory T-cells and is resitant to innate inflammatory stimuli (PubMed:23993652).

10090:Vmn1r25
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r25
uniprot id: H3BLP0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim59
gene id: 10090:Trim59
uniprot id: Q922Y2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in different processes such as development and immune response (PubMed:22588174, PubMed:29467473). Serves as a negative regulator for innate immune signaling pathways by suppressing RLR-induced activation of IRF3/7 and NF-kappa-B via interaction with adapter ECSIT (PubMed:22588174). Regulates autophagy through modulating both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1. On the one hand, regulates the transcription of BECN1 through negatively modulating the NF-kappa-B pathway. On the other hand, regulates TRAF6-mediated 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of BECN1, thus affecting the formation of the BECN1-PIK3C3 complex. In addition, mediates 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6 and thereby promotes TRAF6 proteasomal degradation. Acts also as a critical regulator for early embryo development from blastocyst stage to gastrula through modulating F-actin assembly and WASH1 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (PubMed:29467473).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with ECSIT (PubMed:22588174).
messages: Moderately expressed in the spleen, brain and heart and very highly expressed in the testis (PubMed:12095697).
messages: TRIM59-deficiency causes early embryonic lethality. Affects the expression of gastrulation-associated genes during early embryonic development.

10090:Pde2a
gene id: 10090:Pde2a
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRJ9
uniprot id: Q3TYK5
uniprot id: Q5PR72
uniprot id: Q922S4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abnormally elongated mitochondria. This phenotype is reversed by treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89. Protected from ionomycin- but not staurosporin-induced cell death.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE2 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 2 has a preference for magnesium ions.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains a transit peptide at positions 1-17.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain and liver (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Regulates mitochondrial cAMP levels and respiration (PubMed:21724846). Involved in the regulation of mitochondria morphology/dynamics and apoptotic cell death via local modulation of cAMP/PKA signaling in the mitochondrion, including the monitoring of local cAMP levels at the outer mitochondrial membrane and of PKA-dependent phosphorylation of DNM1L (PubMed:28463107).
messages: The 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity is stimulated by 3',5'-cyclic GMP (By similarity). Specifically inhibited by Bay 60-7550 (PubMed:28463107).
messages: The GAF 1 domain functions as a dimerization domain.
messages: The GAF 2 domains binds cGMP, which acts as an allosteric activator.
messages: cGMP-activated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes (PubMed:21724846). Has a higher efficiency with cGMP compared to cAMP (By similarity). Plays a role in cell growth and migration (By similarity).

10090:Lrrc4
gene id: 10090:Lrrc4
uniprot id: Q99PH1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts (via LRR repeats) with NTNG2. Interacts with DLG4. Forms a complex with DLG4 and with NMDA receptors.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice dysplay impaired startle response to acoustic stimulus.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in brain. In the hippocampus, parietal cortex and piriform cortex expressed in proximal segments of CA1 pyramidal neurons.
messages: Synaptic adhesion protein. Regulates the formation of exitatory synapses through the recruitment of pre-and-postsynaptic proteins. Organize the lamina/pathway-specific differentiation of dendrites. Plays an important role for auditory synaptic responses. Involved in the suppression of glioma.
messages: The last 4 C-terminal residues bind to the first 2 PDZ domains of DLG4.

10090:Nlrp5
gene id: 10090:Nlrp5
uniprot id: Q9R1M5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Reduced by T.gondii in the testes and uterus.
messages: As a member of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), plays an essential role for zygotes to progress beyond the first embryonic cell divisions via regulation of actin dynamics (PubMed:11062459, PubMed:18804437, PubMed:25208553). Required for the formation of F-actin cytoplasmic lattices (CPL) in oocytes, which in turn are responsible for symmetric division of zygotes via the regulation of mitotic spindle formation and positioning (PubMed:25208553). Required for the localization of cortical granules to the cortex of oocytes, via association with the cortical actin scaffold (PubMed:31118423). Required for cortical actin clearance prior to oocyte exocytosis and prevention of polyspermy (PubMed:31118423). Involved in regulating post-fertilization Ca(2+) release and endoplasmic reticulum storage (ER) storage via regulation of cellular localization (PubMed:24374158). May be involved in the localization of mitochondria to the cytoplasm and perinuclear region in oocytes and early stage embryos, independent of its role in CPL formation (PubMed:22357545).
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: Component of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), at least composed of NLRP5, KHDC3, OOEP, and TLE6 (PubMed:18804437, PubMed:28992324, PubMed:31575650). Within the complex, interacts with OOEP, KHDC3 and TLE6 (PubMed:18804437, PubMed:28992324, PubMed:31575650). The SCMC may facilitate translocation of its components between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments (By similarity). As part of the SCMC interacts with the SCMC-associated protein ZBED3 (PubMed:28992324). As part of the SCMC interacts with the SCMC-associated protein CFL1/Cofilin-1 (PubMed:25208553). Interacts with PRKCE (By similarity). Interacts with TUBB3 at cytoskeleton microtubules (PubMed:24374158).
messages: Cortical granule
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is first detected in oocytes of type 3A primary follicles (PubMed:14670992, PubMed:31118423). Transcripts accumulate during oogenesis (PubMed:14670992). Expressed in the cytoplasm of germinal vesicle oocytes before becoming concentrated in the subcortex of metaphase 2 oocytes (PubMed:28992324, PubMed:31118423). During meiotic maturation, the vast majority of the transcripts are degraded and virtually none is detected by 2-cell stage embryogenesis (PubMed:14670992, PubMed:18804437). The protein however persists during preimplantation up to the blastocyst stage (PubMed:14670992, PubMed:18804437). At 2-cell stage, excluded from cell-cell contact regions (PubMed:18804437). Continuous exclusion from these regions during preimplantation development leads to the absence of the protein from the inner cells of the morula and the inner cell mass of the blastocyst (PubMed:18804437). Expressed in ovaries at birth, expression peaks at postnatal day 10 (P10), expression is then decreased at P17 and further decreased at P21 (PubMed:10433232, PubMed:31575650).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Mice appear phenotypically normal with no apparent defects in ovarian development, oocyte maturation or ovulation (PubMed:14670992, PubMed:22357545). Cortical granules are scattered throughout the cytoplasm in oocytes and ovulated eggs (PubMed:31118423). Reduced abundance of intact MYH9/MyoIIA and MYO5A, the dense cortical actin scaffold remained present prior to exocytosis (PubMed:31118423). Increase in polyspermy in the perivitelline space resulting from a decrease in efficacy of the zona pellucida block. Increase in multiple pronuclei and delay in cortical granule exocytosis and ZP2 cleavage (PubMed:31118423). Embryos form unequal sized blastomeres due to smaller, dysmorphic, and displaced mitotic spindles resulting in asymmetric division (PubMed:25208553). Increase in apoptotic cells in blastomeres which progress beyond the 8-cell stage (PubMed:22357545). Decrease in thickness of subcortical F-actin in zygotes, thickening of F-actin bundles in the cytoplasm and loss of F-actin cytoplasmic lattices (PubMed:25208553). Increase in subcortical mitochondrial clustering of mitochondria in 2-cell embryos (PubMed:22357545). Increase in mitochondria activity, shown by an increase in membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (PubMed:22357545). Decrease in expression of the SCMC-associated protein ZBED3 in the cytoplasm of oocytes (PubMed:28992324). In knockdown mice M2 oocytes show a diffuse ER distribution pattern with a reduced number of cortical ER clusters and random movement of lipid droplets during oocyte maturation (PubMed:24374158). Reduces tubulin localization to the cellular microtubular architecture (PubMed:24374158). Decrease in storage and release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum, and disruption of Ca(2+) oscillations following oocyte fertilization (PubMed:24374158). diffused localization of ITPR1/IP3R-1 throughout the cytoplasm with reduced clustering at the oocyte cortex (PubMed:24374158).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylated by PRKCE.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tshz2
gene id: 10090:Tshz2
uniprot id: Q68FE9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the teashirt C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in mesenchymal cells in proximal ureters at 14 dpc, preceding the smooth muscle precursor cells differentiation and the expression of contractile proteins from 15 dpc.
messages: Interacts (via homeobox domain) with APBB1 (via PID domain 1).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes. May act as a transcriptional repressor (Potential).
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:Stk38
gene id: 10090:Stk38
uniprot id: Q91VJ4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by binding of S100B which releases autoinhibitory N-lobe interactions, enabling ATP to bind and the autophosphorylation of Ser-281. Thr-444 then undergoes calcium-dependent phosphorylation by STK24/MST3. Interactions between phosphorylated Thr-444 and the N-lobe promote additional structural changes that complete the activation of the kinase. Autoinhibition is also released by the binding of MOB1/MOBKL1A and MOB2/HCCA2 to the N-terminal of STK38.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in spleen, lung, thymus, brain and fat tissue.
messages: Homodimeric S100B binds two molecules of STK38. Interacts with MOB1 and MOB2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP3K1 and MAP3K2 (via the kinase catalytic domain) (By similarity). Forms a tripartite complex with MOBKL1B and STK3/MST2 (By similarity). Interacts with MICAL1; leading to inhibit the protein kinase activity by antagonizing activation by MST1/STK4 (PubMed:21730291).
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Negative regulator of MAP3K1/2 signaling. Converts MAP3K2 from its phosphorylated form to its non-phosphorylated form and inhibits autophosphorylation of MAP3K2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by STK3/MST2 and this is enhanced by MOBKL1B.

10090:Eml6
gene id: 10090:Eml6
uniprot id: Q5SQM0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat EMAP family.
messages: May modify the assembly dynamics of microtubules, such that microtubules are slightly longer, but more dynamic.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Setdb1
gene id: 10090:Setdb1
uniprot id: D3YYC3
uniprot id: G5E8N3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus

10090:Styk1
gene id: 10090:Styk1
uniprot id: Q6J9G1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Highly expressed in colon and small intestine. Weakly or not expressed in spleen, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, heart and brain. Expressed in transformed kidney cell lines (COS-1 and HEK293T).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable tyrosine protein-kinase, which has strong transforming capabilities on a variety of cell lines including NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and on athymic nude mice. When overexpressed, it can also induce tumor cell invasion as well as metastasis in distant organs. May act by activating both MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinases (PI3K) pathways.

10090:Cfdp1
gene id: 10090:Cfdp1
uniprot id: O88271
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 8 dpc in developing organs, including brain, heart, lung and intestines. Expressed at 14 dpc and 16 dpc at the periphery of developing organs such as bones and teeth.
messages: Expressed in lung, liver and heart, with higher expression in teeth.
messages: May play a role during embryogenesis. May modulate tooth organogenesis since alterations of this protein function affect tooth organs size as well as individual cell fate and survival. In embryonic cells, blockage of the function results in increased number of apoptotic cells, reduced proliferation, alterations in cell shape and fibronection matrix synthesis.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Vmn2r93
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r93
uniprot id: L7N1Z9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lpcat1
gene id: 10090:Lpcat1
uniprot id: Q3TFD2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Constitutively expressed. Not induced by inflammatory stimulation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Exhibits both acyltransferase and acetyltransferase activities (PubMed:16704971, PubMed:18285344, PubMed:18156367). Activity is calcium-independent (PubMed:16704971, PubMed:18285344). Catalyzes the conversion of lysophosphatidylcholine (1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or LPC) into phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) (PubMed:16704971, PubMed:18285344, PubMed:18156367). Catalyzes the conversion 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (By similarity). Displays a clear preference for saturated fatty acyl-CoAs, and 1-myristoyl or 1-palmitoyl LPC as acyl donors and acceptors, respectively (PubMed:16704971, PubMed:18285344). Involved in platelet-activating factor (PAF) biosynthesis by catalyzing the conversion of the PAF precursor, 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) into 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PAF) (PubMed:18285344). May synthesize phosphatidylcholine in pulmonary surfactant, thereby playing a pivotal role in respiratory physiology (PubMed:16704971). Involved in the regulation of lipid droplet number and size (By similarity).
messages: Expression increases steadily throughout embryogenesis and decreases slightly in the adult.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Not activated by inflammatory stimulation (PubMed:18285344). Inhibited by Cu(2+), Fe(2+), Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) (PubMed:18285344, PubMed:18156367). Activity is not affected by Co(2+) or Mn(2+) (PubMed:18285344).
messages: Predominantly expressed in lung where it is enriched in alveolar type II cells. Expressed at lower levels in spleen and brain. Also detected in erythroleukemic cells and reticulocytes. Weakly or not expressed in other tissues.
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphocholine.
messages: The di-lysine motif may confer endoplasmic reticulum localization.

10090:Cd2ap
gene id: 10090:Cd2ap
uniprot id: Q9JLQ0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Death at 6 to 7 weeks of age from renal failure. Mice show defects in epithelial foot processes, accompanied by mesangial cell hyperplasia and extracellular matrix deposition.
messages: Expressed in podocytes (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with F-actin, PKD2, NPHS1 and NPHS2. Interacts with WTIP. Interacts with DDN; interaction is direct. Interacts (via SH3 2 domain) with CBL (via phosphorylated C-terminus). Interacts with BCAR1/p130Cas (via SH3 domain). Interacts with MVB12A and ARHGAP17. Interacts with ANLN, CD2 and CBLB. Interacts with PDCD6IP and TSG101. Interacts with RIN3. Interacts directly with RET (inactive) and CBLC; upon RET activation by GDNF suggested to dissociate from RET as CBLC:CD2AP complex. Interacts with CGNL1 and SH3BP1; probably part of a complex at cell junctions. Interacts with CAPZA1.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues; probably by c-Abl, Fyn and c-Src.
messages: Potential homodimerization is mediated by the coiled coil domain.
messages: Seems to act as an adapter protein between membrane proteins and the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). In collaboration with CBLC, modulates the rate of RET turnover and may act as regulatory checkpoint that limits the potency of GDNF on neuronal survival. Controls CBLC function, converting it from an inhibitor to a promoter of RET degradation (By similarity). May play a role in receptor clustering and cytoskeletal polarity in the junction between T-cell and antigen-presenting cell (PubMed:9741631). May anchor the podocyte slit diaphragm to the actin cytoskeleton in renal glomerolus (PubMed:10514378). Also required for cytokinesis. Plays a role in epithelial cell junctions formation (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: ruffle

10090:Ak8
gene id: 10090:Ak8
uniprot id: Q32M07
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family.
messages: Interacts with CFAP45 and CFAP52; CFAP45 and AK8 dimerization may create a cavity at the interface of the dimer that can accommodate AMP.
messages: Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cytosol

10090:Chmp1b2
gene id: 10090:Chmp1b2
uniprot id: Q9CQD4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNF7 family.
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis. ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. Involved in cytokinesis. Involved in recruiting VPS4A and/or VPS4B and SPAST to the midbody of dividing cells (By similarity).
messages: Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III). ESCRT-III components are thought to multimerize to form a flat lattice on the perimeter membrane of the endosome. Several assembly forms of ESCRT-III may exist that interact and act sequentially. Interacts with CHMP1A. Interacts with VTA1; the interaction probably involves the open conformation of CHMP1B. Interacts with CHMP2A. Interacts with VPS4A; the interaction is direct. Interacts with VPS4B; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SPAST (via MIT domain); the interaction is direct. Interacts with IST1. Interacts with MITD1. Interacts with STAMBP (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Idi1
gene id: 10090:Idi1
uniprot id: G3XA48
uniprot id: P58044
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IPP isomerase type 1 family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP).
messages: Monomer.
messages: Peroxisome

10090:Gm21470
gene id: 10090:Gm21470
uniprot id: Q9D9T3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Med9
gene id: 10090:Med9
uniprot id: Q8VCS6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 9 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Insr
gene id: 10090:Insr
uniprot id: M4TKR7
uniprot id: P15208
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated in response to insulin. Autophosphorylation activates the kinase activity. PTPN1, PTPRE and PTPRF dephosphorylate important tyrosine residues, thereby reducing INSR activity. Inhibited by ENPP1. GRB10 and GRB14 inhibit the catalytic activity of the INSR, they block access of substrates to the activated receptor. SOCS1 and SOCS3 act as negative regulators of INSR activity, they bind to the activated INRS and interfere with the phosphorylation of INSR substrates (By similarity). Interacts with PTPRF (By similarity). Interacts with ATIC; ATIC together with PRKAA2/AMPK2 and HACD3/PTPLAD1 is proposed to be part of a signaling netwok regulating INSR autophosphorylation and endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to insulin (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Tyr-989 is required for IRS1-, SHC1-, and STAT5B-binding (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PTPRE on Tyr-989, Tyr-1175, Tyr-1179 and Tyr-1180 residues (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PTPRF and PTPN1 (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PTPN2 and Ptprv; down-regulates insulin-induced signaling (PubMed:12612081, PubMed:20655470).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates the pleiotropic actions of insulin. Binding of insulin leads to phosphorylation of several intracellular substrates, including, insulin receptor substrates (IRS1, 2, 3, 4), SHC, GAB1, CBL and other signaling intermediates. Each of these phosphorylated proteins serve as docking proteins for other signaling proteins that contain Src-homology-2 domains (SH2 domain) that specifically recognize different phosphotyrosine residues, including the p85 regulatory subunit of PI3K and SHP2. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway, which is responsible for most of the metabolic actions of insulin, and the Ras-MAPK pathway, which regulates expression of some genes and cooperates with the PI3K pathway to control cell growth and differentiation. Binding of the SH2 domains of PI3K to phosphotyrosines on IRS1 leads to the activation of PI3K and the generation of phosphatidylinositol-(3, 4, 5)-triphosphate (PIP3), a lipid second messenger, which activates several PIP3-dependent serine/threonine kinases, such as PDPK1 and subsequently AKT/PKB. The net effect of this pathway is to produce a translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 from cytoplasmic vesicles to the cell membrane to facilitate glucose transport. Moreover, upon insulin stimulation, activated AKT/PKB is responsible for: anti-apoptotic effect of insulin by inducing phosphorylation of BAD; regulates the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic enzymes by controlling the activity of the winged helix or forkhead (FOX) class of transcription factors. Another pathway regulated by PI3K-AKT/PKB activation is mTORC1 signaling pathway which regulates cell growth and metabolism and integrates signals from insulin. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 thereby activating mTORC1 pathway. The Ras/RAF/MAP2K/MAPK pathway is mainly involved in mediating cell growth, survival and ce…
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains carry the insulin-binding regions, while the beta chains carry the kinase domain. Forms a hybrid receptor with IGF1R, the hybrid is a tetramer consisting of 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of INSR and 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of IGF1R. Interacts with SORBS1 but dissociates from it following insulin stimulation. Binds SH2B2 (By similarity). Activated form of INSR interacts (via Tyr-989) with the PTB/PID domains of IRS1 and SHC1. The sequences surrounding the phosphorylated NPXY motif contribute differentially to either IRS1 or SHC1 recognition. Interacts (via tyrosines in the C-terminus) with IRS2 (via PTB domain and 591-786 AA); the 591-786 would be the primary anchor of IRS2 to INSR while the PTB domain would have a stabilizing action on the interaction with INSR. Interacts with the SH2 domains of the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1) in vitro, when autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Interacts with SOCS7 (By similarity). Interacts (via the phosphorylated Tyr-989), with SOCS3. Interacts (via the phosphorylated Tyr-1175, Tyr-1179, Tyr-1180) with SOCS1. Interacts with CAV2 (tyrosine-phosphorylated form); the interaction is increased with 'Tyr-27'phosphorylation of CAV2 (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB2. Interacts with GRB10; this interaction blocks the association between IRS1/IRS2 and INSR, significantly reduces insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS1 and IRS2 and thus decreases insulin signaling (By similarity). Interacts with GRB7 (By similarity). Interacts with PDPK1 (By similarity). Interacts (via Tyr-1180) with GRB14 (via BPS domain); this interaction protects the tyrosines in the activation loop from dephosphorylation, but promotes dephosphorylation of Tyr-989, this results in decreased interaction with, and phosphorylation of, IRS1 (By similarity). Interacts (via subunit alpha) with ENPP1 (via 485-599 AA); this interaction blocks autophosphoryl…
messages: The tetrameric insulin receptor binds insulin via non-identical regions from two alpha chains, primarily via the C-terminal region of the first INSR alpha chain. Residues from the leucine-rich N-terminus of the other INSR alpha chain also contribute to this insulin binding site. A secondary insulin-binding site is formed by residues at the junction of fibronectin type-III domain 1 and 2 (By similarity).

10090:Car2
gene id: 10090:Car2
uniprot id: P00920
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide (By similarity). Can also hydrate cyanamide to urea (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye (By similarity). Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption (By similarity). Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6 (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by acetazolamide.
messages: Interacts with SLC4A4 (By similarity). Interaction with SLC4A7 regulates SLC4A7 transporter activity (By similarity). Interacts with SLC26A6 (By similarity).

10090:Tmem178b
gene id: 10090:Tmem178b
uniprot id: Q8BNC6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM178 family.

10090:Hsh2d
gene id: 10090:Hsh2d
uniprot id: Q6VYH9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein involved in tyrosine kinase and CD28 signaling (By similarity). May be a modulator of the apoptotic response through its ability to affect mitochondrial stability.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FES and TNK2.
messages: May be phosphorylated by FES and ACK1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Predominantly expressed in spleen and thymus. Appears not to be expressed in heart, brain, liver, kidney, embryo, lung and ovary.

10090:Ptpro
gene id: 10090:Ptpro
uniprot id: E9Q612
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 3 subfamily.
messages: Interacts (phosphorylated form) with FYN and GRB2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Modification of podocyte structure such that the normal octopoid podocyte is simplified to a more amoeboid structure and that the foot processes are shorter and broader than normal. These changes are associated with altered distribution of the podocyte intermediate cytoskeletal protein vimentin/VIM. Mutant animals have a reduced glomerular filtration rate and reduced glomerular nephrin (NPHS1) content. However, there is no evidence of proteinuria. After removal of one or more kidneys, Ptpro-null animals have higher blood pressure than does their wild-type littermates.
messages: Possesses tyrosine phosphatase activity. Plays a role in regulating the glomerular pressure/filtration rate relationship through an effect on podocyte structure and function.

10090:Or4p20
gene id: 10090:Or4p20
uniprot id: Q7TR18
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddr2
gene id: 10090:Ddr2
uniprot id: Q62371
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:18483174 Ddr2 is required for male and female fertility, since smallie mice with a 150 kb deletion that extends into the Ddr2 gene are sterile. Smallie males have defects in spermatogenesis (PubMed:19681157). On the other hand, the fertility status of mice with a targeted disruption of the Ddr2 gene has not been mentioned (PubMed:11375938). Thus, the infertility of smallie mice may be due to some additional, not yet identified defect.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Binds hydroxyproline-rich sequence motifs in fibrillar, glycosylated collagen, such as the GQOGVMGFO motif, where O stands for hydroxyproline. Interacts with SRC. Interacts (tyrosine phosphorylated) with SHC1.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Ddr2 are the cause of the smallie (sli) phenotype. Smallie mice show distinct dwarfing, with reduced body mass and reduced bone mineral content. Mice also have mild craniofacial deformities, such as protuberant eyes and snub noses. Smallie mice have a reduced life span, with about half of them dying within 6 months. Matings between male and female smallie mice do not yield any offspring. The levels of circulating steroid hormones remain at a level corresponding to prepubertal wild-type mice. Adult testes exhibit much reduced numbers of spermatids with atrophy of spermatogonia, Sertoli and Leydig cells. Ovaries show an absence of corpora lutea.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but fail to thrive, resulting in much reduced adult body weight and dwarfing. They exhibit shortening of long bones, irregular growth of flat bones and a shortened snout. Young mice show shortened growth plates in long bones and impaired chondrocyte proliferation. Likewise, cultured fibroblasts from mutant mice show reduced proliferation.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Present in an inactive state in the absence of collagen binding and phosphorylation by SRC. Tyrosine phosphorylation enhances the affinity for ATP and the catalytic activity.
messages: Tyrosine kinase that functions as cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen and regulates cell differentiation, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, cell migration and cell proliferation. Required for normal bone development. Regulates osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation via a signaling pathway that involves MAP kinases and leads to the activation of the transcription factor RUNX2. Regulates remodeling of the extracellular matrix by up-regulation of the collagenases MMP1, MMP2 and MMP13, and thereby facilitates cell migration and tumor cell invasion. Promotes fibroblast migration and proliferation, and thereby contributes to cutaneous wound healing.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to collagen binding. Phosphorylated by SRC; this is required for activation and subsequent autophosphorylation on additional tyrosine residues (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation (in vitro). Up-regulated in cartilage from mice with osteoarthritis.
messages: Widely expressed. Detected in lung, ovary, skin and in testis Leydig cells (at protein level). Widely expressed. Detected at high levels in heart, lung, skeletal muscle, central nervous system (CNS) and kidney, and at lower levels in brain and testis. Detected in chondrocytes in tibia growth plates of young mice.

10090:Or10ak13
gene id: 10090:Or10ak13
uniprot id: A2ACY8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pou4f2
gene id: 10090:Pou4f2
uniprot id: Q63934
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-4 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) (PubMed:21875655, PubMed:23805044). Expressed in mature osteoclasts (PubMed:17668438). Expressed in cells of layers of the superior colliculus and the adjacent periaqueductal gray (at protein level) (PubMed:7691107). Expressed in the brain, peripheral sensory nervous system and retina (PubMed:7904822). Expressed in the optical, intermediate, and deep gray areas of the superior colliculus, the dorsal column of the mesencephalic and pontine central gray, and the lateral interpeduncular nucleus of the brain (PubMed:7904822). Expressed predominantly in postmitotic, terminally differentiated neurons (PubMed:7904822). Expressed in ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina (PubMed:7691107, PubMed:23805044).
messages: Isoform 2: Interacts with POU4F1 isoform 1; this interaction inhibits both POU4F1 DNA-binding and transcriptional activities (PubMed:8537352). Isoform 2: Interacts (C-terminus) with ESR1 (via DNA-binding domain); this interaction increases the estrogen receptor ESR1 transcriptional activity in a DNA- and ligand 17-beta-estradiol-independent manner (PubMed:9448000). Isoform 2: Interacts (via C-terminus) with TP53 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:17145718). Interacts with DLX1 (via homeobox DNA-binding domain); this interaction suppresses DLX1-mediated transcriptional activity in postnatal retina enhancing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation (PubMed:21875655). Interacts with DLX2 (via homeobox DNA-binding domain); this interaction enhances RGC differentiation (PubMed:21875655). Isoform 1: Interacts (via C-terminus) with ISL1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:24643061). Isoform 1: Interacts with ISL2 (PubMed:24643061). Isoform 1: Interacts with LHX2 (PubMed:24643061).
messages: Mice develop to adulthood and are fertile (PubMed:8637595). Show a reduction in the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and a thinner optic nerve compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:8637595, PubMed:8632990, PubMed:10357904). Show RGC axon pathfinding alterations along the central visual pathways (PubMed:10357904, PubMed:11163266). Show an alteration in the expression levels for several genes involved in the differentiation of RGCs (PubMed:24643061, PubMed:25775587). Display an increase in DLX1 and DLX2 mRNA expression in the embryonic retina, especially in the ganglion cell layer (PubMed:21875655).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The N-terminal transcriptional activation region is sufficient to induce transcriptional activity.
messages: The POU-specific domain and POU homeodomain regions are necessary for DNA-binding activity and transcriptional repression.
messages: The polyhistidine motif acts as a targeting signal to nuclear speckles.
messages: Tissue-specific DNA-binding transcription factor involved in the development and differentiation of target cells (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:8995448, PubMed:8972215, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:10414983, PubMed:11163266, PubMed:17668438, PubMed:25775587). Functions either as activator or repressor by modulating the rate of target gene transcription through RNA polymerase II enzyme in a promoter-dependent manner (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:7935408, PubMed:8065921, PubMed:7852360, PubMed:7797498, PubMed:8662774, PubMed:9694219, PubMed:10526314, PubMed:15733064, PubMed:17145718, PubMed:18368538). Binds to the consensus octamer motif 5'-AT[A/T]A[T/A]T[A/T]A-3' of promoter of target genes (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:8290353, PubMed:9111308, PubMed:10414983, PubMed:16152597, PubMed:17668438, PubMed:24643061). Plays a fundamental role in the gene regulatory network essential for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation (PubMed:8632990, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:25775587). Binds to an octamer site to form a ternary complex with ISL1; cooperates positively with ISL1 and ISL2 to potentiate transcriptional activation of RGC target genes being involved in RGC fate commitment in the developing retina and RGC axon formation and pathfinding (PubMed:8995448, PubMed:9261145, PubMed:8972215, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:11163266, PubMed:24643061, PubMed:25775587). Inhibits DLX1 and DLX2 transcriptional activities preventing DLX1- and DLX2-mediated ability to promote amacrine cell fate specification (PubMed:21875655). In cooperation with TP53 potentiates transcriptional activation of BAX promoter activity increasing neuronal cell apoptosis (PubMed:17145718). Negatively regulates BAX promoter activity in the absence of TP53 (PubMed:17145718). Acts as a transcriptional coactivator via its interaction with the transcription factor ESR1 by enhancing its effect on estrogen response element (ERE)-containing promoter (PubMed:9448000). Antagonizes the transcriptional stimulatory activity of POU4F1 by preventing …
messages: Up-regulated by the osteoclast differentiation factor TNFSF11 (PubMed:17668438). Down-regulated upon neuronal differentiation (PubMed:8995448). Down-regulated in presence of retinoic acid (PubMed:7904822). Down-regulated by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (PubMed:8065921).
messages: Weakly expressed in the dorsal root ganglion neurons at 10.5 dpc, the expression increases at least until 15.5 dpc (PubMed:22326227). Expressed in the developing ganglion cell layer of the retina at 12.5, 13.5 and 16.5 dpc (PubMed:8632990). Expressed in the outer margin of the retina at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:10414983). Expressed in embryonic heart from 13.5 dpc until birth (at protein level) (PubMed:18368538). Expressed in the developing spinal cord from 13 dpc until postnatal day 1 (PubMed:8290353, PubMed:8537352). Expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGC) at 13.5 dpc, peaks at 15.5 dpc, declining later in development (PubMed:8637595).

10090:Ctdspl2
gene id: 10090:Ctdspl2
uniprot id: Q8BG15
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CTDSPL2 family.
messages: Probable phosphatase.

10090:Ntf3
gene id: 10090:Ntf3
uniprot id: P20181
uniprot id: Q3V1A4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NGF-beta family.
messages: Brain and peripheral tissues.
messages: Secreted
messages: Seems to promote the survival of visceral and proprioceptive sensory neurons.

10090:Myh2
gene id: 10090:Myh2
uniprot id: G3UW82
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.

10090:Arpc5l
gene id: 10090:Arpc5l
uniprot id: Q9D898
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ARPC5 family.
messages: May be a component of the Arp2/3 complex in which it may replace ARPC5.
messages: May function as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Rhox2e
gene id: 10090:Rhox2e
uniprot id: G3UYY0
uniprot id: Q9D4Y3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ndufa3
gene id: 10090:Ndufa3
uniprot id: Q9CQ91
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA3 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Clstn1
gene id: 10090:Clstn1
uniprot id: Q9EPL2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As intracellular fragment AlcICD, suppresses APBB1-dependent transactivation stimulated by APP C-terminal intracellular fragment (AICD), most probably by competing with AICD for APBB1-binding.
messages: Belongs to the calsyntenin family.
messages: Directly interacts with APBA2 (PubMed:12972431). Forms a tripartite complex with APBA2 and APP (PubMed:12972431). The CTF1 chain interacts with PSEN1. Interacts with KLC1 and APBB1 (PubMed:16760430, PubMed:17332754).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expression in the brain gradually increases during the first postnatal week, reaching a peak at P7. In the gray matter, highly expressed in both developing and adult brain. In the white matter, at P6 highly expressed in all major fiber tracts, including the anterior commissure and the corpus callosum, as well as the external and internal capsules, while in the adult, axonal expression in fiber tracts is only faint (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the brain (at protein level), with over 90% of the neurons expressing detectable amounts. In the brain, relatively high levels in the cerebral cortex, striatum, hippocampus and thalamus. Moderate levels in the cerebellum. Low levels in the olfactory bulb, midbrain and pons (at protein level). Not detected in Purkinje cells. Expressed at low levels in the lung (at protein level). At the mRNA level, weakly detected in the kidney, lung, skeletal muscle, heart and testis. Not expressed in the sciatic nerve fiber.
messages: In complex with APBA2 and C99, a C-terminal APP fragment, abolishes C99 interaction with PSEN1 and thus APP C99 cleavage by gamma-secretase, most probably through stabilization of the direct interaction between APBA2 and APP.
messages: Interacts with APBB1; this interaction stabilizes AlcICD metabolism.
messages: Interacts with PSEN1.
messages: Mice lacking Clstn1, Clstn2 and Clstn3 display behavior disorders, characterized by hyperactivity in normal environment, hypersensitivity to stress, and show tendency to freeze in novel environments.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Postsynaptic adhesion molecule that binds to presynaptic neurexins to mediate both excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:24613359). Promotes synapse development by acting as a cell adhesion molecule at the postsynaptic membrane, which associates with neurexin-alpha at the presynaptic membrane (By similarity). Also functions as a cargo in axonal anterograde transport by acting as a molecular adapter that promotes KLC1 association with vesicles (PubMed:17332754). Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabolism and enhances APBA2-mediated suppression of beta-APP40 secretion, due to the retardation of intracellular APP maturation (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:12972431).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Proteolytically processed under normal cellular conditions (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:15037614). A primary zeta-cleavage generates a large extracellular (soluble) N-terminal domain (sAlc) and a short C-terminal transmembrane fragment (CTF1) (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:15037614). A secondary cleavage catalyzed by presenilin gamma-secretase within the transmembrane domain releases the beta-Alc-alpha chain in the extracellular milieu and produces an intracellular fragment (AlcICD) (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:15037614). Beta-Alc-alpha secretion is largely dependent upon PSEN1 and PSEN2 (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:15037614). This processing is strongly suppressed in the tripartite complex formed with APBA2 and APP, which seems to prevent the association with PSEN1 (PubMed:11161476, PubMed:15037614).
messages: The cytoplasmic domain binds synaptic Ca(2+).
messages: Vesicle
messages: neuron projection

10090:Mical3
gene id: 10090:Mical3
uniprot id: Q8CJ19
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mical family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RAB1B, RAB8A, RAB10, RAB13 and RAB15 (in their GTP-bound forms); binding to RAB1B is of low affinity compared to other Rab proteins; at least in case of RAB8A can bind 2 molecules of RAB8A simultaneously through a high and a low affinity binding site, respectively. Interacts with ERC1 and RAB8A; may bridge ERC1 with RAB8A. Interacts with KIF23 and ERC1; enhances the interaction between KIF23 and ERC1. Interacts with NINL.
messages: Midbody
messages: Monooxygenase that promotes depolymerization of F-actin by mediating oxidation of specific methionine residues on actin to form methionine-sulfoxide, resulting in actin filament disassembly and preventing repolymerization. In the absence of actin, it also functions as a NADPH oxidase producing H(2)O(2). Seems to act as Rab effector protein and play a role in vesicle trafficking. Involved in exocytic vesicles tethering and fusion: the monooxygenase activity is required for this process and implicates RAB8A associated with exocytotic vesicles. Required for cytokinesis. Contributes to stabilization and/or maturation of the intercellular bridge independently of its monooxygenase activity. Promotes recruitment of Rab8 and ERC1 to the intercellular bridge, and together these proteins are proposed to function in timely abscission.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The bivalent Mical/EHBP Rab binding (bMERB) domain, mediates binding to predominantly Rab8, Rab10, Rab10, Rab13 and Rab15 (in their GTP-bound forms).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle

10090:Hs1bp3
gene id: 10090:Hs1bp3
uniprot id: Q3TC93
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds HCLS1. Interacts with the SH3 domain of HCLS1 in vitro.
messages: May be a modulator of IL-2 signaling.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Ctsz
gene id: 10090:Ctsz
uniprot id: Q545I6
uniprot id: Q9WUU7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Exhibits carboxy-monopeptidase as well as carboxy-dipeptidase activity (By similarity). Capable of producing kinin potentiating peptides (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: The disulfide bridge formed between Cys-35 in the propeptide and the active site residue Cys-94 may prevent activation of the zymogen through formation of a reversible covalent bond with the active site residue.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Emilin3
gene id: 10090:Emilin3
uniprot id: P59900
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expression is only observed in the tailbud and the hindgut. At 11.5 dpc the expression is found at sites of bone formation, i.e. surrounding mesenchymal condensates in the fore- and hindlimbs, the nose, the maxilla, and the other parts of the jaw. At 13.5 dpc, detected in perichondrium and around developing skeletons, but barely detectable in mature osteoblasts. At 14.5 dpc it is strongly expressed in the enteric nerves of the digestive tract and the bladder. Expression is also observed surrounding the main branches of the alveoli and surrounding sites of bone formation in skull and trunk.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ninj1
gene id: 10090:Ninj1
uniprot id: O70131
uniprot id: Q3TXT8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ninjurin family.
messages: By nerve injury (PubMed:9465296). Expression is activated by p53/TP53 (PubMed:23690620).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaved by MMP9 protease to generate the Secreted ninjurin-1 form.
messages: Composed of 4 alpha helices: 2 hydrophobic transmembrane regions (alpha3 and alpha4) and 2 alpha helices (alpha1 and alpha2). Alpha1 and alpha2 feature one hydrophobic side and a hydrophilic side. In normal conditions, NINJ1 is inactivated and alpha1 and alpha2 helices are not inserted into the membrane. Following NINJ1 activation, alpha1 and alpha2 helices insert into the membrane and drive NINJ1 oligomerization via interactions between alpha3 and alpha4 and the hydrophobic face of alpha1 from an adjacent subunit. Such structures disrupt membrane integrity and form a lesion through the introduction of the hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 into the hydrophobic membrane.
messages: Effector of necroptotic and pyroptotic programmed cell death that mediates plasma membrane rupture (cytolysis) (PubMed:19557008, PubMed:33472215, PubMed:36468682, PubMed:37196676, PubMed:37198476). Acts downstream of Gasdermin (GSDMA, GSDMB, GSDMC, GSDMD, or GSDME) or MLKL during pyroptosis or necroptosis, respectively: oligomerizes in response to death stimuli and promotes plasma membrane rupture by introducing hydrophilic faces of 2 alpha helices into the hydrophobic membrane, leading to release intracellular molecules named damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that propagate the inflammatory response (PubMed:33472215, PubMed:37196676, PubMed:37198476). Acts as a regulator of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during systemic inflammation; directly binds LPS (PubMed:25860173). Involved in leukocyte migration during inflammation by promoting transendothelial migration of macrophages via homotypic binding (PubMed:24917672). Promotes the migration of monocytes across the brain endothelium to central nervous system inflammatory lesions (By similarity). Also acts as a homophilic transmembrane adhesion molecule involved in various processes such as axonal growth, cell chemotaxis and angiogenesis (PubMed:24347169, PubMed:24917672, PubMed:31526566). Promotes cell adhesion by mediating homophilic interactions via its extracellular N-terminal adhesion motif (N-NAM) (PubMed:24917672, PubMed:30510259). Involved in the progression of the inflammatory stress by promoting cell-to-cell interactions between immune cells and endothelial cells (PubMed:24917672, PubMed:30510259). Plays a role in nerve regeneration by promoting maturation of Schwann cells (PubMed:31526566). Acts as a regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:25766274, PubMed:30354207). Promotes the formation of new vessels by mediating the interaction between capillary pericyte cells and endothelial cells (PubMed:25766274, PubMed:30354207). Also mediates vascular functions in p…
messages: Homooligomer; in response to death stimuli, homooligomerizes into long, highly branched filaments and large, ring-shaped structures in the membrane.
messages: In normal conditions, NINJ1 is inactivated. In response to death stimuli, homooligomerizes and disrupts membrane integrity by introducing the hydrophilic faces of alpha1 and alpha2 helices into the hydrophobic membrane (By similarity). Homooligomerization and ability to mediate plasma membrane rupture is inhibited by glycine; it is unclear whether glycine directly or indirectly inhibits homooligomerization (PubMed:36468682).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-linked glycosylation is required for homooligomerization.
messages: No visible phenotype in most cases (PubMed:24347169, PubMed:27815839). Some mice have dome-shaped heads and die within 2 months after birth (PubMed:27815839). Mice show abnormal behavior, reminiscent of obsessive-compulsive disorder: mice exhibit compulsive grooming-induced hair loss and self-made lesions as well as increased anxiety-like behaviors (PubMed:27815839). Mice are prone to systemic chronic inflammation in the skin, liver, kidney and pancreas (PubMed:29073078). During inflammation, reduced motility of bone marrow-derived macrophages and protrusive membrane dynamics are observed (PubMed:24917672). Mice also display attenuated susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis: attenuated susceptibility is caused by reduced leukocyte infiltration and decreased adherence of leukocytes on retinal vessels (PubMed:27815839). Abolished ability to mediate plasma membrane rupture downstream cell death, without affecting GSDMD pore formation (PubMed:33472215). Conditional deletion in pericytes impairs vessel maturation and blood flow recovery in hind limb ischemia (PubMed:30354207).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted form generated by cleavage, which has chemotactic activity (PubMed:23142597). Acts as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting monocyte recruitment, thereby ameliorating atherosclerosis (PubMed:32883094).
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Dars
gene id: 10090:Dars
uniprot id: Q922B2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 2 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Part of a multisubunit complex that groups tRNA ligases for Arg (RARS1), Asp (DARS1), Gln (QARS1), Ile (IARS1), Leu (LARS1), Lys (KARS1), Met (MARS1) the bifunctional ligase for Glu and Pro (EPRS1) and the auxiliary subunits AIMP1/p43, AIMP2/p38 and EEF1E1/p18 (PubMed:12060739).

10090:Spidr
gene id: 10090:Spidr
uniprot id: Q8BGX7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Found in a complex, at least composed of BLM, RAD51 and SPIDR; the complex formation is mediated by SPIDR. Interacts (via C-terminal region) with BLM; the interaction is direct. Interacts with RAD51; the interaction is direct. Interacts (via the C-terminal region) with FIGNL1 (via N-terminal one-half region); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in DNA double-strand break (DBS) repair via homologous recombination (HR). Serves as a scaffolding protein that helps to promote the recruitment of DNA-processing enzymes like the helicase BLM and recombinase RAD51 to site of DNA damage, and hence contributes to maintain genomic integrity (By similarity).

10090:Pik3cb
gene id: 10090:Pik3cb
uniprot id: Q8BTI9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylation at Ser-1064 negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase activity.
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit PIK3CB and a p85 regulatory subunit (PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3). Interaction with PIK3R2 is required for nuclear localization and nuclear export (By similarity). Part of a complex with PIK3R1 and PTEN (By similarity). Binding to PTEN may antagonize the lipid kinase activity under normal growth conditions (By similarity). Part of a complex involved in autophagosome formation composed of PIK3C3 and PIK3R4. Interacts with BECN1, ATG14 and RAB5A.
messages: Mice have defects in autophagosome formation. Have normal bleeding time but are resistant to thrombosis after arterial injury. Mice fail to induce tumors in a model of prostate tumor formation induced by Pten loss.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) derivatives at position 3 of the inositol ring to produce 3-phosphoinositides. Uses ATP and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) (By similarity). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) ligands such as CXCL12, sphingosine 1-phosphate, and lysophosphatidic acid. May also act downstream receptor tyrosine kinases. Required in different signaling pathways for stable platelet adhesion and aggregation. Plays a role in platelet activation signaling triggered by GPCRs, alpha-IIb/beta-3 integrins (ITGA2B/ ITGB3) and ITAM (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif)-bearing receptors such as GP6. Regulates the strength of adhesion of ITGA2B/ ITGB3 activated receptors necessary for the cellular transmission of contractile forces. Required for platelet aggregation induced by F2 (thrombin) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2). Has a role in cell survival. May have a role in cell migration. Involved in the early stage of autophagosome formation. Modulates the intracellular level of PtdIns3P (phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate) and activates PIK3C3 kinase activity. May act as a scaffold, independently of its lipid kinase activity to positively regulate autophagy. May have a role in insulin signaling as scaffolding protein in which the lipid kinase activity is not required. May have a kinase-independent function in regulating cell proliferation and in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Mediator of oncogenic signal in cell lines lacking PTEN. The lipid kinase activity is necessary for its role in oncogenic transformation. Required for the growth of ERBB2 and RAS driven tumors. Has also a…
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-1064 down-regulates lipid kinase activity.
messages: The inhibitory interactions with PIK3R1 are mediated by the PI3K-ABD domain and the C2 PI3K-type domain with the iSH2 (inter-SH2) region of PIK3R1; the C2 PI3K-type domain, the PI3K helical domain, and the PI3K/PI4K kinase domain with the nSH2 (N-terminal SH2) region of PIK3R1; and the PI3K/PI4K kinase domain with the cSH2 (C-terminal SH2) region of PIK3R1. The inhibitory interaction between the PI3K-ABD domain and the C2 PI3K-type domain with the iSH2 (inter-SH2) region of PIK3R1 is weak. The nuclear localization signal (NLS) is required for its function in cell survival (By similarity).

10090:AU021092
gene id: 10090:AU021092
uniprot id: Q3UST5
names: Developmental Stage
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0764 family.
messages: From embryonic day (E) 17.5 onward in the developing mouse thyroid and lung.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Predominantly expressed in thyroid tissue.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ltk
gene id: 10090:Ltk
uniprot id: P08923
uniprot id: Q0VGZ5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by ligand-binding, leading to homodimerization and autophosphorylation.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Homodimer; homodimerizes following ligand-binding. Part of a complex including LTK, TNK2 and GRB2, in which GRB2 promotes LTK recruitment by TNK2.
messages: May be produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: May be produced by alternative promoter usage. Starts at a CUG codon.
messages: Mice do not show any decrease in newborn neurons (PubMed:22079349). Mice lacking both Alk and Ltk show a strong reduction in newborn neurons (PubMed:22079349).
messages: Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues by autocatalysis, which activates kinase activity.
messages: Receptor with a tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Following activation by ALKAL1 or ALKAL2 ligands at the cell surface, transduces an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. Ligand-binding to the extracellular domain induces tyrosine kinase activation, leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (By similarity). Phosphorylates almost exclusively at the first tyrosine of the Y-x-x-x-Y-Y motif (By similarity). The exact function of this protein is not known; studies with chimeric proteins demonstrate its ability to promote growth and specifically neurite outgrowth, and cell survival. Involved in regulation of the secretory pathway involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) export sites (ERESs) and ER to Golgi transport (By similarity).
messages: Subsets of lymphoid and neuronal cells.

10090:Cacna2d3
gene id: 10090:Cacna2d3
uniprot id: A0A411ACY3
uniprot id: Q9Z1L5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta family.
messages: Brain-specific. Predominantly expressed in the caudate putamen, entorhinal complex, hippocampus and cortex.
messages: Dimer formed of alpha-2-2 and delta-2 chains; disulfide-linked. Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes, consisting of alpha-1 (CACNA1), alpha-2 (CACNA2D), beta (CACNB) and delta (CACNA2D) subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (By similarity).
messages: In contrast to CACNA2D1 and CACNA2D2, it does not bind gabapentin, an antiepileptic drug.
messages: May be proteolytically processed into subunits alpha-2-3 and delta-3 that are disulfide-linked. It is however unclear whether such cleavage really takes place in vivo and has a functional role.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The MIDAS-like motif in the VWFA domain binds divalent metal cations and is required to promote trafficking of the alpha-1 (CACNA1) subunit to the plasma membrane by an integrin-like switch.
messages: The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. Acts as a regulatory subunit for P/Q-type calcium channel (CACNA1A), N-type (CACNA1B), L-type (CACNA1C OR CACNA1D) but not T-type (CACNA1G).

10090:Aldh3a2
gene id: 10090:Aldh3a2
uniprot id: B1AV77
uniprot id: P47740
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of medium and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length (PubMed:25286108). Responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid (PubMed:25286108).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Lgals3bp
gene id: 10090:Lgals3bp
uniprot id: Q07797
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in embryo, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, intestine, thymus and lymph node.
messages: Homodimers and homomultimers. The multimers form ring-like structures with a diameter of 30-40 nm. Binds LGALS1 and LGALS3. Binds ITGB1, COL4A1, COL5A1, COL6A1, FN1 and NID (By similarity). Interacts with PPIC (in vitro). The unglycosylated form interacts with PDE4DIP isoform 2/MMG8/SMYLE; this interaction may connect a pericentrosomal complex to the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC) to promote microtubule assembly and acetylation (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Promotes integrin-mediated cell adhesion. May stimulate host defense against viruses and tumor cells (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by TNF and IFNG.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Or4a81
gene id: 10090:Or4a81
uniprot id: Q8VFB1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tinagl1
gene id: 10090:Tinagl1
uniprot id: Q99JR5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Down-regulated in prostate after castration.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, heart and adrenocortical cells of adrenal glands. Moderately expressed in spleen and liver. Also found in prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis and testis in male reproductive organs. In adrenal glands is found in the outer cortical regions corresponding to the zona glomerulosa (zG) and the undifferentiated cell zone (zU) (at protein level).
messages: May be implicated in the adrenocortical zonation and in mechanisms for repressing the CYP11B1 gene expression in adrenocortical cells. This is a non catalytic peptidase C1 family protein.
messages: Secreted

10090:Haus4
gene id: 10090:Haus4
uniprot id: Q8BFT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HAUS4 family.
messages: Component of the HAUS augmin-like complex. The complex interacts with the gamma-tubulin ring complex and this interaction is required for spindle assembly (By similarity). Interacts with EML3 (phosphorylated at 'Thr-882') (By similarity).
messages: Contributes to mitotic spindle assembly, maintenance of centrosome integrity and completion of cytokinesis as part of the HAUS augmin-like complex.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Or14j7
gene id: 10090:Or14j7
uniprot id: Q7TRJ1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Speg
gene id: 10090:Speg
uniprot id: E9QQ25
uniprot id: Q62407
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Expression is under the tight control of the locus control region (LCRs).
messages: Interacts with MTM1 (By similarity). Isoform 3 is found as a monomer or homodimer.
messages: Isoform 1 is preferentially expressed in striated muscle. Non-kinase form such as isoform 3 is predominantly expressed in the aorta. Isoform 3 appears to be expressed only in highly differentiated ASMC in normal vessel walls and down-regulated in dedifferentiated ASMC in vivo. In response to vascular injuries ASMC dedifferentiate and change from a quiescent and contractile phenotype to a proliferative and synthetic phenotype. This proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells is one of the most prominent features of atherosclerosis. Isoform 1 and isoform 4 are expressed in cardiomyocytes of the developing heart.
messages: Isoform 3 is quickly down-regulated in response to vascular injury, when ASMC cells change from a quiescent to a proliferative phenotype.
messages: Isoform 3 may have a role in regulating the growth and differentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells.
messages: May be autophosphorylated.
messages: Mice lacking SPEG demonstrate dilation of right and left atria and ventricles, cardiac hypertrophy, myofibril degeneration, and a marked decrease in cardiac function. Moreover, mutant mice exhibit significant neonatal mortality.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.

10090:Ramp1
gene id: 10090:Ramp1
uniprot id: A0A087WPC6
uniprot id: E9Q915
uniprot id: Q3TNJ3
uniprot id: Q9WTJ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RAMP family.
messages: Expressed predominantly in the thymus, skeletal muscle, embryonic and adult brain, embryonic and adult lung, and colon.
messages: Heterodimer of CALCRL and RAMP1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Transports the calcitonin gene-related peptide type 1 receptor (CALCRL) to the plasma membrane. Acts as a receptor for calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) together with CALCRL.

10090:Hoxb3
gene id: 10090:Hoxb3
uniprot id: P09026
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Gdf3
gene id: 10090:Gdf3
uniprot id: Q07104
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality in one-third of the mutant embryos because of pregastrulation developmental malformations. However, the majority of mutants survive until adulthood without any overt abnormality (PubMed:17936261, PubMed:16368929). Mutant mice shown resistance to diet-induced obesity (PubMed:18480259).
messages: Growth factor involved in early embryonic development and adipose-tissue homeostasis. During embryogenesis controls formation of anterior visceral endoderm and mesoderm and the establishment of anterior-posterior identity through a receptor complex comprising the receptor ACVR1B and the coreceptor CRIPTO (PubMed:16368929, PubMed:17936261). Regulates adipose-tissue homeostasis and energy balance under nutrient overload in part by signaling through the receptor complex based on ACVR1C and CRIPTO.
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer (Potential). But, in contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked.
messages: In contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked due to an atypical cysteine knot configuration, where the fourth cysteine is missing. This fourth cysteine is involved in an inter-molecular bridge to stabilize the active form of homodimeric or heterodimeric signaling molecules.
messages: Markedly increased in an obese-mouse model lacking adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein FABP4.
messages: Primarily in adult bone marrow, spleen, thymus and adipose tissue.
messages: Secreted
messages: Synthesized as large precursor molecule that undergo proteolytic cleavage, releasing the pro-domain from the active, receptor binding, C-terminal region of the molecule.

10090:Vmn1r172
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r172
uniprot id: Q9EPS4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tor3a
gene id: 10090:Tor3a
uniprot id: Q9ER38
names: Developmental Stage
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 16 dpc, widely expressed with very low levels in heart, liver and neural tissues.
messages: Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. Torsin subfamily.
messages: By interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma, in spleen and liver.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Interacts with TOR1AIP1.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Dop1b
gene id: 10090:Dop1b
uniprot id: Q3UHQ6
uniprot id: Q9DCG4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dopey family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in liver, heart and brain.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highly expressed in developing nervous system.
messages: Homooligomer. Heterotrimer with ATP9A and MON2; this interaction is retromer-independent. Interacts with SNX3.
messages: May play a role in regulating membrane trafficking of cargo proteins. Together with ATP9A and MON2, regulates SNX3 retromer-mediated endosomal sorting of WLS away from lysosomal degradation.

10090:Arl2
gene id: 10090:Arl2
uniprot id: Q9D0J4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, lung, cerebellum, liver, kidney, hippocampus, spleen, cortex and heart (at protein level).
messages: Found in a complex with ARL2, ARL2BP and SLC25A6. Found in a complex with at least ARL2, PPP2CB, PPP2R1A, PPP2R2A, PPP2R5E and TBCD. Interacts with ELMOD2. The GTP-bound form interacts with ARL2BP. Interacts with TBCD; the GDP-bound form interacts preferentially with TBCD. Interacts with UNC119 (By similarity). Found in a complex with ARL2, ARL2BP and SLC25A4. The GTP-bound form interacts with PDE6D.
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Not N-myristoylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP). GTP-binding protein that does not act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. Regulates formation of new microtubules and centrosome integrity. Prevents the TBCD-induced microtubule destruction. Participates in association with TBCD, in the disassembly of the apical junction complexes. Antagonizes the effect of TBCD on epithelial cell detachment and tight and adherens junctions disassembly. Together with ARL2, plays a role in the nuclear translocation, retention and transcriptional activity of STAT3. Component of a regulated secretory pathway involved in Ca(2+)-dependent release of acetylcholine. Required for normal progress through the cell cycle.
messages: centrosome

10090:Clca3a2
gene id: 10090:Clca3a2
uniprot id: Q9EQR4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CLCR family.

10090:Elapor2
gene id: 10090:Elapor2
uniprot id: B9EHI9
uniprot id: Q3UZV7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ELAPOR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Functions as a regulator of the BMP signaling pathway and may be involved in epidermal differentiation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppig
gene id: 10090:Ppig
uniprot id: A2AR02
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA).
messages: Interacts with CLK1, PNN and with the phosphorylated C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding. May be implicated in the folding, transport, and assembly of proteins. May play an important role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: The RS domain is required for the interaction with the phosphorylated C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.

10090:Usp9x
gene id: 10090:Usp9x
uniprot id: P70398
uniprot id: Q4FE56
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At least expressed from 17 dpc to 21 postnatal days.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Brain-specific USP9X deletion results in early postnatal death, whereas forebrain-specific deletion is compatible with survival to adulthood. In the absence of USP9X the cortical architecture is disorganized, and neurons display reduced neurite growth.
messages: Deubiquitinase involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins (PubMed:29626158, PubMed:30951545). May therefore play an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation of proteins through the removal of conjugated ubiquitin (PubMed:29626158, PubMed:30951545). Specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-63'-, 'Lys-48'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitins chains (By similarity). Essential component of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade (By similarity). Specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated SMAD4, opposing the activity of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33 (By similarity). Deubiquitinates alkylation repair enzyme ALKBH3 (By similarity). OTUD4 recruits USP7 and USP9X to stabilize ALKBH3, thereby promoting the repair of alkylated DNA lesions (By similarity). Deubiquitinates mTORC2 complex component RICTOR at 'Lys-294' by removing 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains, stabilizing RICTOR and enhancing its binding to MTOR, thus promoting mTORC2 complex assembly (By similarity). Regulates chromosome alignment and segregation in mitosis by regulating the localization of BIRC5/survivin to mitotic centromeres (By similarity). Involved in axonal growth and neuronal cell migration (PubMed:24607389). Regulates cellular clock function by enhancing the protein stability and transcriptional activity of the core circadian protein BMAL1 via its deubiquitinating activity (PubMed:29626158). Acts as a regulator of peroxisome import by mediating deubiquitination of PEX5: specifically deubiquitinates PEX5 monoubiquitinated at 'Cys-11' following its retrotranslocation into the cytosol, resetting PEX5 for a subsequent import cycle (By similarity). Deubiquitinates PEG10 (PubMed:30951545).
messages: Highest levels in liver and brain with expression also detected in heart, muscle, spleen and kidney (at protein leve) (PubMed:33378666). Ubiquitously expressed in adult tissues (PubMed:9178254).
messages: Interacts with SMAD4, MARK4, NUAK1 and BIRC5/survivin. Interacts with DCX. Interacts with OTUD4 and USP7; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cytosol
messages: growth cone

10090:Sorbs2
gene id: 10090:Sorbs2
uniprot id: Q3UTJ2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in the assembling of signaling complexes, being a link between ABL kinases and actin cytoskeleton. Can form complex with ABL1 and CBL, thus promoting ubiquitination and degradation of ABL1 (By similarity). May play a role in the regulation of pancreatic cell adhesion, possibly by acting on WASF1 phosphorylation, enhancing phosphorylation by ABL1, as well as dephosphorylation by PTPN12 (By similarity).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ABL, CBL, DNM1, DNM2, FLOT1, AFDN, PTK2B/PYK2, SAPAP, SPTAN1, SYNJ1, SYNJ2, VCL/vinculin, WASF, ABL1/c-Abl, ABL2/v-Abl/Arg, ACTN, CBL and PALLD. Interacts with PTPN12 and WASF1 via its SH3 domains; this interaction may mediate the partial PTPN12 and WASF1 translocation to focal adhesion sites.
messages: The first 2 SH3 domains are required for WASF1-binding. All 3 SH3 domains can bind independently to PTPN12.
messages: Ubiquitinated by CBL.
messages: Z line
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gpbar1
gene id: 10090:Gpbar1
uniprot id: Q14AA9
uniprot id: Q80SS6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for bile acid. Bile acid-binding induces its internalization, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and intracellular cAMP production. May be involved in the suppression of macrophage functions by bile acids (By similarity). Involved in bile acid promoted GLP1R secretion.

10090:Kdsr
gene id: 10090:Kdsr
uniprot id: Q6GV12
uniprot id: Q8CII3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (KDS) to dihydrosphingosine (DHS).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Sprtn
gene id: 10090:Sprtn
uniprot id: G3X912
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated following deubiquitination by VCPIP1, leading to recruitment to chromatin and DNA damage sites.
messages: Autocatalytically cleaved in response to double-stranded DNA-binding: autocatalytic cleavage takes place in trans and leads to inactivation.
messages: Belongs to the Spartan family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: DNA-binding activates the protease activity: single-stranded DNA-binding specifically activates ability to cleave covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs). In contrast, double-stranded DNA-binding specifically activates autocatalytic cleavage, and subsequent inactivation.
messages: DNA-dependent metalloendopeptidase that mediates the proteolytic cleavage of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) during DNA synthesis, thereby playing a key role in maintaining genomic integrity (PubMed:28199696, PubMed:27871365). DPCs are highly toxic DNA lesions that interfere with essential chromatin transactions, such as replication and transcription, and which are induced by reactive agents, such as UV light or formaldehyde (PubMed:28199696, PubMed:27871365). Associates with the DNA replication machinery and specifically removes DPCs during DNA synthesis. Acts as a pleiotropic protease for DNA-binding proteins cross-linked with DNA, such as TOP1, TOP2A, histones H3 and H4 (By similarity). Mediates degradation of DPCs that are not ubiquitinated, while it is not able to degrade ubiquitinated DPCs. SPRTN activation requires polymerase collision with DPCs followed by helicase bypass of DPCs (By similarity). Involved in recruitment of VCP/p97 to sites of DNA damage. Also acts as an activator of CHEK1 during normal DNA replication by mediating proteolytic cleavage of CHEK1, thereby promoting CHEK1 removal from chromatin and subsequent activation. Does not activate CHEK1 in response to DNA damage. May also act as a 'reader' of ubiquitinated PCNA: recruited to sites of UV damage and interacts with ubiquitinated PCNA and RAD18, the E3 ubiquitin ligase that monoubiquitinates PCNA. Facilitates chromatin association of RAD18 and is required for efficient PCNA monoubiquitination, promoting a feed-forward loop to enhance PCNA ubiquitination and translesion DNA synthesis (By similarity).
messages: Embryonic lethality caused by genomic instability (PubMed:25501849). Cells display impaired lesion bypass, incomplete DNA replication, formation of micronuclei and chromatin bridges and eventually cell death (PubMed:25501849). Cells show an accumulation of DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) (PubMed:28199696). Sprtn-haploinsufficient mice are viable but show accelerated aging, characterized by cataracts, lordokyphosis and cachexia at a young age (PubMed:25501849).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (VIA PIP-box) with PCNA (when ubiquitinated). Interacts (via its SHP-box) with VCP/p97. Interacts with RAD18. Interacts with KCTD13 and POLD3.
messages: Monoubiquitinated; monoubiquitination promotes exclusion from chromatin. Deubiquitinated by VCPIP1: deubiquitination is required for subsequent acetylation and recruitment to chromatin and DNA damage sites.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CHEK1 promotes recruitment to chromatin.
messages: The PIP-box mediates the interaction with PCNA, while the UBZ4-type zinc finger mediates binding to 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin.

10090:Or8g19
gene id: 10090:Or8g19
uniprot id: Q9EQ90
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tcerg1
gene id: 10090:Tcerg1
uniprot id: Q8CGF7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds RNA polymerase II, HD and SF1 (By similarity). Binds formin. Interacts (via the second WW domain) with TREX1 (via proline-rich region).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The FF domains preferentially binds peptides with the consensus sequence [DE](2-5)-[FWY]-[DE](2-5) and mediate interaction with HTATSF1 and probably bind the phosphorylated C-terminus of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II.
messages: The WW domains bind Pro-rich domains.
messages: Transcription factor that binds RNA polymerase II and inhibits the elongation of transcripts from target promoters. Regulates transcription elongation in a TATA box-dependent manner (By similarity).

10090:Jcad
gene id: 10090:Jcad
uniprot id: Q5DTX6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: adherens junction

10090:Gabrr3
gene id: 10090:Gabrr3
uniprot id: B2RXA8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Or5k15
gene id: 10090:Or5k15
uniprot id: E9Q9T3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Map3k14
gene id: 10090:Map3k14
uniprot id: Q544K4
uniprot id: Q9WUL6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF5, TRAF6, IKKA and NF-kappa-B2/P100. Interacts with PELI3. Interacts with NIBP; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with GRB10. Interacts with ZFP91 (By similarity). Interacts with NLRP12; this interaction promotes proteasomal degradation of MAP3K14. Directly interacts with DDX3X (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus and kinase domain) with PPPC3A (via N-terminus) and PPP3CB (PubMed:26029823).
messages: Lymphotoxin beta-activated kinase which seems to be exclusively involved in the activation of NF-kappa-B and its transcriptional activity.
messages: Lymphotoxin beta-activated kinase which seems to be exclusively involved in the activation of NF-kappa-B and its transcriptional activity. Promotes proteolytic processing of NFKB2/P100, which leads to activation of NF-kappa-B via the non-canonical pathway. Could act in a receptor-selective manner.
messages: Mice display the alymphoplasia phenotype (aly), which is characterized by systemic absence of lymph nodes and Peyer patches and disorganized splenic and thymic structures with immunodeficiency.
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-561 is required to activates its kinase activity and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. Phosphorylated by CHUK/IKKA leading to MAP3K14 destabilization (By similarity). Autophosphorylated.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination leads to its degradation by the proteasome, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination stabilizes and activates it (By similarity).

10090:Chrng
gene id: 10090:Chrng
uniprot id: F8VQK4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Dbt
gene id: 10090:Dbt
uniprot id: P53395
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
messages: Binds 1 lipoyl cofactor covalently.
messages: Forms a 24-polypeptide structural core with octahedral symmetry.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Within this complex, the catalytic function of this enzyme is to accept, and to transfer to coenzyme A, acyl groups that are generated by the branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase component.

10090:Fdxr
gene id: 10090:Fdxr
uniprot id: Q61578
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.
messages: Expressed in the adrenal, testis and ovary and to a lesser extent in the liver and kidney.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Monomer. Interacts directly with FDX1.
messages: Serves as the first electron transfer protein in all the mitochondrial P450 systems including cholesterol side chain cleavage in all steroidogenic tissues, steroid 11-beta hydroxylation in the adrenal cortex, 25-OH-vitamin D3-24 hydroxylation in the kidney, and sterol C-27 hydroxylation in the liver.

10090:Ascl2
gene id: 10090:Ascl2
uniprot id: O35885
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Both maternal and embryonic transcription (PubMed:9622625). Transcribed from both the maternal and paternal genome, at least in eight-cell stage, late morula and blastocyst (PubMed:9622625). Expressed during all stages of oogenesis, from immature oocyte to mature oocytes in the antral follicles (PubMed:9622625). Expressed at low level in late two-cell stage (49 h) zygote, increasing slightly between the late two-cell stage and the eight-cell stage (77 h), then increasing dramatically by about 10-fold at the morula stage (88 hours) (PubMed:9622625). Early egg cylinder stage embryos, at 5.5 days post coitum (dpc) show strong expression throughout the diploid ectoplacental cone (EPC) and the extraembryonic ectoderm, but no expression in the giant cells or the embryonic ectoderm or primitive endoderm (PubMed:9622625). Expressed transiently at 7.5-8.5 dpc at low levels in the embryo (PubMed:8090202). Expressed at 7.5-8.5 dpc at high levels in extra-embryonic tissues, the chorion and the EPC, but not detectable in secondary giant cells or the allantois (PubMed:8090202, PubMed:9622625, PubMed:10611232). At 9.5-10.5 dpc, expression persists in both the labyrinthine layer and the outer spongiotrophoblast layer of the placenta, with stronger expression in the spongiotrophoblast (PubMed:9622625). By 12.5 dpc, expression in the spongiotrophoblast layer is restricted to only a subset of cells (PubMed:10611232). Overall expression in the placental layers declines after 10 dpc, declining further by 15.5 dpc (PubMed:9622625).
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein (PubMed:10611232). Forms heterodimers with bHLH transcription factor TCF3 (PubMed:10611232). May not heterodimerise with bHLH protein HAND1 (PubMed:10611232).
messages: Embryonic lethality between 9.5 and 10.5 days post coitum (dpc) (PubMed:8090202, PubMed:7773285). Abnormalities in extraembryonic trophoblast cell types; by 8.5 dpc, the ectoplacental cone (EPC) lacks diploid precursors and by 9.5-10.5 dpc, the spongiotrophoblast layer of the placenta is missing and the labyrinthine layer lacks normal highly vascularized organization (PubMed:8090202, PubMed:7773285). Unexpectedly, does not exacerbate trophoblast phenotype at 8.5 dpc when combined with simultaneous knockout of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor HAND1 (PubMed:10611232). Conditional knockout targeted at cells expressing T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 causes loss of body weight from day 3 to day 9 after influenza infection; 5-fold higher levels of viral hemagglutinin mRNA in lungs, by comparison with controls (PubMed:24463518). Lung-draining lymph nodes contain less than half normal level of follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells (PubMed:24463518). Development of Tfh cells and germinal center B-cells is reduced in the spleen (PubMed:24463518). Increased expression of TCF3/E47 in Tfh and naive T-cells (PubMed:24463518).
messages: Expressed in follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The ASCL2 locus is imprinted in mice (PubMed:7773285). Maternal inherited gene is expressed, while the paternal inherited gene is imprinted, hence silenced (PubMed:7773285). However, the paternal gene is expressed in some trophoblast cells in early postimplantation embryonic stages and almost completely extinguished by 8.5 days post coitum (dpc) (PubMed:7773285).
messages: Transcription factor (PubMed:10611232, PubMed:29500235). Binds to E-box motifs 5'-CANNTG-3' in the regulatory elements of target genes, probably as a heterodimer with another basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein such as the transcription factor TCF3 (PubMed:10611232, PubMed:29500235). May bind both open and closed chromatin, acting as a pioneer transcription factor to allow other factors to bind and activate lineage-specific genes (PubMed:29500235). Required during post-implantation development for the generation of some differentiated trophoblast cell types (PubMed:8090202). Transcriptional activity of ASCL2 may be antagonised in a subset of trophoblast cells by bHLH transcription factor HAND1, perhaps by competing for dimerization with other bHLH proteins (PubMed:10611232). Involved in differentiation and function of follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells, thereby playing a role in germinal center responses; probably modulates expression of genes involved in Tfh cell function, such as BCL6 (PubMed:24463518). May also act as a suppressor of Th1-, Th2- and Th17-cell differentiation (PubMed:24463518). Induces the formation of stem cells in intestinal crypts in vitro, synergistically activating transcription of target genes, such as SOX9, together with TCF4/beta-catenin (PubMed:25620640). May form a bistable transcriptional switch, controlling expression of its own gene together with Wnt/R-spondin signaling, and thereby maintaining stem cell characteristics (PubMed:25620640). Modulates expression of target genes, including perhaps down-regulating EGR1/Krox24 and chemokine CXCL10/Mob-1 and up-regulating CXCR4 and CDKN1C/p57kip2, in Schwann cells (By similarity). May play a role in reducing proliferation of Schwann cells, perhaps acting via modulation of expression of CDKN1C (By similarity). May be dispensable for blastocyst formation and later embryonic function (PubMed:8090202, PubMed:9622625). May be involved in the determination of neuronal precursors (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in activated T-cells after immunization.

10090:Uhrf1
gene id: 10090:Uhrf1
uniprot id: Q8VDF2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in thymus, testis, spleen and lung. Within testis, expressed in almost all cells except elongated spermatids.
messages: Interacts with DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Interacts with DNMT1; the interaction is direct. Interacts with USP7; leading to its deubiquitination. Interacts with HDAC1, but not with HDAC2. Interacts with BLTP3A. Interacts with PML. Interacts with EHMT2. Binds hemimethylated CpG containing oligonucleotides (PubMed:15361834, PubMed:17994007, PubMed:18772888, PubMed:18772891, PubMed:19056828, PubMed:19798101, PubMed:21268065). Interacts with PRAMEL7 (PubMed:28604677). Interacts with ZNF263; recruited to the SIX3 promoter along with other proteins involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional corepression where it contributes to transcriptional repression (By similarity). Interacts with UHRF2 (By similarity). Interacts with FANCD2 (By similarity). Interacts with TET1 isoform 2; this interaction induces the recruitment of TET1 isoform 2 to replicating heterochromatin (PubMed:36056023).
messages: Mice display a sensitization to DNA damage and replication block, and die in mid-gestation.
messages: Multidomain protein that acts as a key epigenetic regulator by bridging DNA methylation and chromatin modification. Specifically recognizes and binds hemimethylated DNA at replication forks via its YDG domain and recruits DNMT1 methyltransferase to ensure faithful propagation of the DNA methylation patterns through DNA replication. In addition to its role in maintenance of DNA methylation, also plays a key role in chromatin modification: through its tudor-like regions and PHD-type zinc fingers, specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) and unmethylated at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me0), respectively, and recruits chromatin proteins. Enriched in pericentric heterochromatin where it recruits different chromatin modifiers required for this chromatin replication. Also localizes to euchromatic regions where it negatively regulates transcription possibly by impacting DNA methylation and histone modifications. Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity by mediating the ubiquitination of target proteins such as histone H3 and PML. It is still unclear how E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is related to its role in chromatin in vivo. Plays a role in DNA repair by cooperating with UHRF1 to ensure recruitment of FANCD2 to interstrand cross-links (ICLs) leading to FANCD2 activation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-303 of the linker region decreases the binding to H3K9me3. Phosphorylation at Ser-639 by CDK1 during M phase impairs interaction with USP7, preventing deubiquitination and leading to degradation by the proteasome (By similarity).
messages: The RING finger is required for ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: The YDG domain (also named SRA domain) specifically recognizes and binds hemimethylated DNA at replication forks (DNA that is only methylated on the mother strand of replicating DNA) (PubMed:17994007). The YDG domain contains a binding pocket that accommodates the 5-methylcytosine that is flipped out of the duplex DNA. 2 specialized loops reach through the resulting gap in the DNA from both the major and the minor grooves to read the other 3 bases of the CpG duplex. The major groove loop confers both specificity for the CpG dinucleotide and discrimination against methylation of deoxycytidine of the complementary strand (PubMed:18772888). The YDG domain also recognizes and binds 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC).
messages: The tudor-like regions specifically recognize and bind histone H3 unmethylated at 'Arg-2' (H3R2me0), while the PHD-type zinc finger specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3). The tudor-like regions simultaneously recognizes H3K9me3 through a conserved aromatic cage in the first tudor-like subdomain and unmodified H3K4 (H3K4me0) within a groove between the tandem subdomains (PubMed:21489993). The linker region plays a role in the formation of a histone H3-binding hole between the reader modules formed by the tudor-like regions and the PHD-type zinc finger by making extended contacts with the tandem tudor-like regions.
messages: Ubiquitinated; which leads to proteasomal degradation. Autoubiquitinated; interaction with USP7 leads to deubiquitination and prevents degradation. Ubiquitination and degradation takes place during M phase, when phosphorylation at Ser-639 prevents interaction with USP7 and subsequent deubiquitination. Polyubiquitination may be stimulated by DNA damage.
messages: Up-regulated in proliferating cells, and down-regulated in quiescent or differentiated cells. Early induced by E1A in postmitotic cells. Down-regulated by aphidicolin.

10090:Chic1
gene id: 10090:Chic1
uniprot id: Q8CBW7
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CHIC family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Detected in the 7, 11, 15, or 19 dpc.
messages: Expressed moderately in the brain.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-8 is the initiator.
messages: Palmitoylated.

10090:Gstt2
gene id: 10090:Gstt2
uniprot id: Q61133
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Theta family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In liver, highest expression found in central vein limiting plate hepatocytes. Also expressed in interlobular bile duct epithelial cells. In lung, expressed in club cells and ciliated cells of the bronchiolar epithelium and in type II alveolar cells of the lung parenchyma.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Nipa1
gene id: 10090:Nipa1
uniprot id: Q8BHK1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Fe(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Zn(2+) and Co(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+).
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Up-regulated by low magnesium ion levels.
messages: Widely expressed. Predominantly expressed in neuronal tissues. Brain, heart, kidney, liver and colon (at protein level).

10090:Tceal1
gene id: 10090:Tceal1
uniprot id: Q921P9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TFS-II family. TFA subfamily.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. Modulates various viral and cellular promoters in a promoter context-dependent manner. Does not bind DNA directly (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rnpepl1
gene id: 10090:Rnpepl1
uniprot id: G5E872
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M1 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Broad specificity aminopeptidase which preferentially hydrolyzes an N-terminal methionine, citrulline or glutamine.

10090:Csnk1a1
gene id: 10090:Csnk1a1
uniprot id: Q6PJ87
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.

10090:Hdgf
gene id: 10090:Hdgf
uniprot id: P51859
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Has mitogenic activity for fibroblasts (By similarity). Heparin-binding protein (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the HDGF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in testis and skeletal muscle, to intermediate extents in heart, brain, lung, liver, and kidney, and to a minimal extent in spleen.
messages: Monomer, and domain-swapped homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with nuclear proteins NCL and YBX1/YB1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-165 is likely to be required for secretion.
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1. Sumoylation prevents binding to chromatin.
messages: The N-terminal region does not contain a typical signal sequence but is required for secretion (PubMed:21087088). It also determines exosomal location (By similarity).
messages: The PWWP domain harbors the heparin-binding sites and is responsible for DNA-binding, while the C-terminal region is essentially unstructured.
messages: extracellular exosome

10090:Dtnb
gene id: 10090:Dtnb
uniprot id: O70585
uniprot id: Q8K0N0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basal cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the dystrophin family. Dystrobrevin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed mainly in liver and lung. Expressed in brain, namely in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus and in the dendrites, soma, and nuclei of pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus region CA1 (PubMed:11585924). Expressed in kidney, namely in epithelial cells of renal tubules, collecting ducts, Bowman's capsules and glomeruli (PubMed:10893187). Expressed in blood vessels and pia (PubMed:16540561).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for Dtnb are viable and fertile, and are normal in appearance (PubMed:11585924, PubMed:16540561). Double knockout mice for DTNA and DTNB genes have a mild myopathy plus synaptic defects and abnormal motor behavior (PubMed:16540561).
messages: Interacts with dystrophin short form DP71 and syntrophins SNTG1 and SNTG2 (By similarity). Binds DTNBP1 (PubMed:11316798). Forms a specific complex composed of DMD, SNTB2 and SNTA1 in neuron; the interaction with SNTB2 and SNTA1 is DMD independent (PubMed:10545507). Interacts with UTRN and dystrophin short form DP71 in the kidney and liver (PubMed:10893187). Interacts with SNTB1, SNTB2 and SNTA1 in kidney and liver (PubMed:10893187). Interacts with KIF5A (PubMed:14600269, PubMed:22978324). Interacts with HMG20A and HMG20B (PubMed:20530487). Interacts with OLFM1 (PubMed:17265465). Interacts with PRKAR2B and PRKAR1A (PubMed:17610895).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA (PubMed:17610895). Phosphorylation at Thr-11 alters the interaction with KIF5A (PubMed:22978324).
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Scaffolding protein that assembles DMD and SNTA1 molecules to the basal membrane of kidney cells and liver sinusoids (PubMed:11585924). May function as a repressor of the SYN1 promoter through the binding of repressor element-1 (RE-1), in turn regulates SYN1 expression and may be involved in cell proliferation regulation during the early phase of neural differentiation (PubMed:20530487). May be required for proper maturation and function of a subset of inhibitory synapses (PubMed:16540561).
messages: The coiled coil domain may mediate the interaction with dystrophin.
messages: dendrite

10090:Pramel30
gene id: 10090:Pramel30
uniprot id: L7MU96
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Trim26
gene id: 10090:Trim26
uniprot id: Q99PN3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinates upon viral infection. In turn, autoubiquitinated TRIM26 recruits NEMO and bridges TBK1-NEMO interaction.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which regulates the IFN-beta production and antiviral response downstream of various DNA-encoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Plays also a central role in determining the response to different forms of oxidative stress by controlling levels of DNA glycosylases NEIL1, NEIL3 and NTH1 that are involved in repair of damaged DNA. Promotes nuclear IRF3 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Bridges together TBK1 and NEMO during the innate response to viral infection leading to the activation of TBK1. Positively regulates LPS-mediated inflammatory innate immune response by catalyzing the 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination of TAB1 to enhance its activation and subsequent NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling (PubMed:34017102). In a manner independent of its catalytic activity, inhibits WWP2, a SOX2-directed E3 ubiquitin ligase, and thus protects SOX2 from polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinates the histone acetyltransferase protein complex component PHF20 and thereby triggers its degradation in the nucleus after its recruitment by the histone demethylase KDM6B, serving as a scaffold protein. Upon induction by TGF-beta, ubiquitinates the TFIID component TAF7 for proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Induces ferroptosis by ubiquitinating SLC7A11, a critical protein for lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging (PubMed:33869196).
messages: Interacts with TBK1; this interaction bridges together TBK1 and NEMO in order to activate TBK1. Interacts with INCA1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: TRIM26 attenuatess the production of proinflammatory cytokines in response to TLR ligands, TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta stimulation. In addition, the challenge of TRIM26-deletion mice with LPS results in inflammatory responses that are less lethal than those in wild-type mice.

10090:Phlda1
gene id: 10090:Phlda1
uniprot id: Q62392
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Induced by IGF-I.
messages: Interacts with RPL14, EIF3S7 and PABPC4.
messages: Seems to be involved in regulation of apoptosis. May be involved in detachment-mediated programmed cell death. May mediate apoptosis during neuronal development. May be involved in regulation of anti-apoptotic effects of IGF1. Required for TCR-induced apoptosis and expression of TNFRSF6/FAS in a T-cell hybridoma cell line. May be involved in translational regulation.
messages: Widely expressed with very high levels in adult liver and high levels in adult lung. According to PubMed:10428057 expressed at low levels in liver. Expressed at increased levels in atherosclerotic lesions observed in hyperhomocysteinema.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Eif4b
gene id: 10090:Eif4b
uniprot id: Q8BGD9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-422 by RPS6KA1 and RPS6KB1; phosphorylation enhances the affinity of EIF4B for the EIF3 complex. In response to mTORC1 activation, RPS6KA1-mediated phosphorylation at 'Ser-406' and 'Ser-422' stimulates bicarbonate cotransporter SLC4A7 mRNA translation, increasing SLC4A7 protein abundance and function.
messages: Required for the binding of mRNA to ribosomes. Functions in close association with EIF4-F and EIF4-A. Binds near the 5'-terminal cap of mRNA in presence of EIF-4F and ATP. Promotes the ATPase activity and the ATP-dependent RNA unwinding activity of both EIF4-A and EIF4-F (By similarity).
messages: Self-associates and interacts with EIF3 p170 subunit.

10090:Mlycd
gene id: 10090:Mlycd
uniprot id: Q99J39
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-471 activates malonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity. Deacetylation at Lys-471 by SIRT4 represses activity, leading to promote lipogenesis.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of malonyl-CoA to acetyl-CoA. In the fatty acid biosynthesis MCD selectively removes malonyl-CoA and thus assures that methyl-malonyl-CoA is the only chain elongating substrate for fatty acid synthase and that fatty acids with multiple methyl side chains are produced. In peroxisomes it may be involved in degrading intraperoxisomal malonyl-CoA, which is generated by the peroxisomal beta-oxidation of odd chain-length dicarboxylic fatty acids. Plays a role in the metabolic balance between glucose and lipid oxidation in muscle independent of alterations in insulin signaling. Plays a role in controlling the extent of ischemic injury by promoting glucose oxidation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotetramer. Dimer of dimers. The two subunits within a dimer display conformational differences suggesting that at any given moment, only one of the two subunits is competent for malonyl-CoA binding and catalytic activity. Under oxidizing conditions, can form disulfide-linked homotetramers (in vitro). Associates with the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor PEX5 (By similarity).
messages: Interchain disulfide bonds may form in peroxisomes (Potential). Interchain disulfide bonds are not expected to form in the reducing environment of the cytoplasm and mitochondria.
messages: Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity does not require any cofactors or divalent metal ions.
messages: May be produced by alternative initiation at Met-39 of isoform mitochondrial. Alternatively, represents a proteolytic processed form of the mitochondrial form.
messages: Mice show an increased expression of genes regulating fatty acid utilization and likely contributes to the absence of changes in energy metabolism in the aerobic heart. Display a preference for glucose utilization after ischemia and improve functional recovery of the heart.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Peroxisome matrix

10090:Tmc4
gene id: 10090:Tmc4
uniprot id: F8VQ45
uniprot id: Q7TQ65
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMC family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable ion channel.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Crabp2
gene id: 10090:Crabp2
uniprot id: P22935
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryo and skin of adult mouse.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior.
messages: Interacts with importin alpha (By similarity). Interacts with RXR and RARA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated in response to retinoic acid binding, sumoylation is critical for dissociation from ER and subsequent nuclear translocation.
messages: Transports retinoic acid to the nucleus. Regulates the access of retinoic acid to the nuclear retinoic acid receptors.

10090:Lipn
gene id: 10090:Lipn
uniprot id: Q3U4B4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
messages: Plays a highly specific role in the last step of keratinocyte differentiation. May have an essential function in lipid metabolism of the most differentiated epidermal layers (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Clmp
gene id: 10090:Clmp
uniprot id: Q8R373
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May be involved in the cell-cell adhesion. May play a role in adipocyte differentiation and development of obesity. Is required for normal small intestine development (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in epithelial cells within different tissues and in the white adipose tissue. Expressed at high levels in the heart and brain, at intermediate levels in the lung, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis and at low levels in the liver and spleen.
messages: Up-regulated in mature adipocytes and adipocyte tissue of obese animals.
messages: tight junction

10090:Or52a24
gene id: 10090:Or52a24
uniprot id: K7N6B2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or5ak25
gene id: 10090:Or5ak25
uniprot id: Q8VF74
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Prps2
gene id: 10090:Prps2
uniprot id: Q9CS42
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by magnesium and inorganic phosphate. Competitively or non-competitively inhibited by ADP, 2,3-bisphosphoglyceride or GDP (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis.
messages: Homodimer. The active form is probably a hexamer composed of 3 homodimers (By similarity).

10090:Tmem198b
gene id: 10090:Tmem198b
uniprot id: Q8CFU0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM198 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cfap73
gene id: 10090:Cfap73
uniprot id: J3QPZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CFAP73 family.
messages: May play a role in ciliary/flagellar motility by regulating the assembly and the activity of axonemal inner dynein arm.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Tmem106c
gene id: 10090:Tmem106c
uniprot id: Q80VP8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM106 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with TMEM106B.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccdc30
gene id: 10090:Ccdc30
uniprot id: Q8BVF4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.

10090:Or10x4
gene id: 10090:Or10x4
uniprot id: A2RS36
uniprot id: E9Q1L6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Selp
gene id: 10090:Selp
uniprot id: Q01102
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the selectin/LECAM family.
messages: By TNF-alpha. Induced expression in lung, liver, kidney and heart after endotoxin treatment.
messages: Ca(2+)-dependent receptor for myeloid cells that binds to carbohydrates on neutrophils and monocytes. Mediates the interaction of activated endothelial cells or platelets with leukocytes. The ligand recognized is sialyl-Lewis X. Mediates rapid rolling of leukocyte rolling over vascular surfaces during the initial steps in inflammation through interaction with SELPLG.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with SNX17. Interacts with SELPLG/PSGL1 and PODXL2 and mediates neutrophil adhesion and leukocyte rolling. This interaction requires the sialyl-Lewis X epitope of SELPLG and PODXL2, and specific tyrosine sulfation on SELPLG.
messages: Stored in the alpha-granules of platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells. Upon cell activation by agonists, P-selectin is transported rapidly to the cell surface.

10090:Med21
gene id: 10090:Med21
uniprot id: Q9CQ39
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 21 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Interacts with THRA in a ligand-dependent fashion (By similarity). Interacts with PPARG.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscles, spleen and testis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vps37a
gene id: 10090:Vps37a
uniprot id: Q8CHS8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS37 family.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, a VPS37 protein (VPS37A to -D) and MVB12A or MVB12B in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with TSG101, VPS28 and HGS. Component of an ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, VPS37A and UBAP1 in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process. Required for the sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies. May be involved in cell growth and differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Snx19
gene id: 10090:Snx19
uniprot id: Q6P4T1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with PTPRN.
messages: Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking and exocytosis (PubMed:24843546). May play a role in maintaining insulin-containing dense core vesicles in pancreatic beta-cells and in preventing their degradation. May play a role in insulin secretion (PubMed:24843546). Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) (PubMed:25148684).
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)).

10090:Elmo3
gene id: 10090:Elmo3
uniprot id: A0A1D5RMK9
uniprot id: Q8BYZ7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Acts in association with DOCK1 and CRK. Was initially proposed to be required in complex with DOCK1 to activate Rac Rho small GTPases. May enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Acts in association with DOCK1 and CRK. Was initially proposed to be required in complex with DOCK1 to activate Rac Rho small GTPases. May enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1.
messages: Probably interacts directly with the SH3-domain of DOCK1 via its SH3-binding site. Part of a complex with DOCK1 and RAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with ADGRB3 (By similarity).

10090:Rnf148
gene id: 10090:Rnf148
uniprot id: G3X9R7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr209
gene id: 10090:Olfr209
uniprot id: L7N1X3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nutf2
gene id: 10090:Nutf2
uniprot id: P61971
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with RAN (GDP-bound form); the interaction is direct and regulates RAN nuclear import. Interacts with the nucleoporins NUP54, NUP58 and NUP62 (via FG repeats); recruits NUTF2 to the nuclear pore complex a step required for NUTF2-mediated GDP-bound RAN nuclear import. Interacts with CAPG; mediates its nuclear import.
messages: Mediates the import of GDP-bound RAN from the cytoplasm into the nucleus which is essential for the function of RAN in cargo receptor-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport. Thereby, plays indirectly a more general role in cargo receptor-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport. Interacts with GDP-bound RAN in the cytosol, recruits it to the nuclear pore complex via its interaction with nucleoporins and promotes its nuclear import.
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: cytosol
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Adamtsl4
gene id: 10090:Adamtsl4
uniprot id: Q80T21
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although similar to members of the ADAMTS family, it lacks the metalloprotease and disintegrin-like domains which are typical of that family.
messages: Glycosylated (By similarity). Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CTSB. Interacts with FBN1 (By similarity).
messages: Positive regulation of apoptosis. May facilitate FBN1 microfibril biogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed in a range of tissues. Especially prevalent in brain, spinal cord, muscle, lung and heart.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Cyp11b2
gene id: 10090:Cyp11b2
uniprot id: G3UWE4
uniprot id: P15539
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of aldosterone, the main mineralocorticoid in the human body responsible for salt and water homeostasis, thus involved in blood pressure regulation, arterial hypertension, and the development of heart failure. Catalyzes three sequential oxidative reactions of 11-deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxyprogesterone), namely 11-beta hydroxylation, followed by two successive oxidations at C18 yielding 18-hydroxy and then 18-oxo intermediates (that would not leave the enzyme active site during the consecutive hydroxylation reactions), ending with the formation of aldosterone. Can also produce 18-hydroxycortisol and 18-oxocortisol, derived from successive oxidations of cortisol at C18, normally found at very low levels, but significantly increased in primary aldosteronism, the most common form of secondary hypertension. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin). Could also be involved in the androgen metabolic pathway.
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Nipbl
gene id: 10090:Nipbl
uniprot id: Q6KCD5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SCC2/Nipped-B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Contains one Pro-Xaa-Val-Xaa-Leu (PxVxL) motif, which is required for interaction with chromoshadow domains. This motif requires additional residues -7, -6, +4 and +5 of the central Val which contact the chromoshadow domain.
messages: Deletion of NIPBL in mouse liver leads to strong depletion of chromatin-bound cohesin and marked reorganization of chromosomal folding. Cells retain transcriptionally active (type A) and transcriptionally inactive (type B) compartments, but lose topologically associating domains (TADs) patterns and TAD-associated peaks of contact enrichment across the whole genome. The compartmentalization of chromatin in cells lacking NIPBL is enhanced around 1.8-fold compared with controls.
messages: Heterodimerizes with MAU2/SCC4 to form the cohesin loading complex (By similarity). The NIPBL-MAU2 heterodimer interacts with the cohesin complex composed of SMC1A/B and SMC3 heterodimer, RAD21 and STAG1/SA1. NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (By similarity). Interacts directly (via PxVxL motif) with CBX3 and CBX5 (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF609 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:28041881). Interacts with the multiprotein complex Integrator (PubMed:28041881).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays an important role in the loading of the cohesin complex on to DNA (PubMed:29094699). Forms a heterodimeric complex (also known as cohesin loading complex) with MAU2/SCC4 which mediates the loading of the cohesin complex onto chromatin. Plays a role in cohesin loading at sites of DNA damage. Its recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites occurs in a CBX3-, RNF8- and RNF168-dependent manner whereas its recruitment to UV irradiation-induced DNA damage sites occurs in a ATM-, ATR-, RNF8- and RNF168-dependent manner (By similarity). Along with ZNF609, promotes cortical neuron migration during brain development by regulating the transcription of crucial genes in this process. Preferentially binds promoters containing paused RNA polymerase II. Up-regulates the expression of SEMA3A, NRP1, PLXND1 and GABBR2 genes, among others (PubMed:28041881).
messages: Spermatocytes and oocytes (at protein level).
messages: The C-terminal region containing HEAT repeats and Pro-Xaa-Val-Xaa-Leu (PxVxL) motif are involved in the recruitment of NIPBL to sites of DNA damage.
messages: Widely expressed at 9.5 and 10.5 dpc, with notable accumulations in limb bud, branchial arch and craniofacial mesenchyme. These regions are involved in patterning of the skeleton and soft tissues of the limbs, jaw and face. Expressed in the developing brain, with enrichment in the ventricular zone at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:28041881).

10090:Kcnd2
gene id: 10090:Kcnd2
uniprot id: Q9Z0V2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. D (Shal) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv4.2/KCND2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in hippocampus, thalamus, medial habenular nucleus, striatum, amygdala, brain cortex and cerebellum (PubMed:11040264, PubMed:17122039, PubMed:18187474, PubMed:20371829, PubMed:22612819). Detected in hippocampus CA1 and CA3 layer, in stratum oriens, stratum radiatum and stratum lacunosum-moleculare and in dentate gyrus (PubMed:16009497, PubMed:22098631). Detected in dorsal horn neurons; colocalizes with GRM5 (PubMed:18045912). C-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in the stratum radiatum and in basilar dendrites in stratum oriens in hippocampus CA1 and on cell bodies in hippocampus CA3 layers, with lower levels in stratum lacunosum-moleculare (PubMed:11040264). In contrast, N-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in stratum lacunosum moleculare in the hippocampus CA1 layer (PubMed:11040264). Both C-terminally and N-terminally phosphorylated forms are observed on cell bodies and neuronal processes in the amygdala (PubMed:11040264). C-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in the dentate gyrus molecular layer, while N-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in the hilus of the dentate gyrus (PubMed:11040264). Both N-terminally and C-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in the somatosensory cortex (PubMed:11040264). C-terminally phosphorylated forms are detected in the cerebellum granular layers (PubMed:11040264). Detected in heart ventricle myocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:9734479, PubMed:11909823, PubMed:16293790, PubMed:23713033). Detected in brain and heart (PubMed:16293790).
messages: Homotetramer or heterotetramer with KCND3 or KCND1 (PubMed:9734479, PubMed:11909823, PubMed:19713751, PubMed:20943905). Associates with the regulatory subunits KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3 and KCNIP4 (PubMed:11909823, PubMed:19713751, PubMed:20943905). In vivo, probably exists as heteromeric complex containing variable proportions of KCND1, KCND2, KCND3, KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3, KCNIP4, DPP6 and DPP10 (PubMed:19713751). The tetrameric channel can associate with up to four regulatory subunits, such as KCNIP2 or KCNIP4 (By similarity). Interaction with four KCNIP4 chains does not reduce interaction with DPP10 (By similarity). Interacts with DLG1 (By similarity). Interacts with DLG4 (By similarity). Interacts with NCS1/FREQ (PubMed:11606724). Probably part of a complex consisting of KCNIP1, KCNIP2 isoform 3 and KCND2 (By similarity). Interacts with FLNA and FLNC (By similarity). Interacts with DPP6 and DPP10 (PubMed:19713751, PubMed:22311982). Identified in a complex with cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), CAV3, AKAP6 and KCND3 in cardiac myocytes (By similarity).
messages: Is specifically and reversibly inhibited by the scorpion toxin Ts8 (AC P69940).
messages: Mice are viable, fertile and appear to be in good health (PubMed:16293790, PubMed:22738428). The loss of KCND2 has only minor functional consequences, probably due to an increase of the activity of other potassium channels, even though there is no visible change of their expression levels (PubMed:20371829). Mutant mice show no sign of heart dysfunction, but the fast component of the rapidly inactivating and rapidly recovering potassium current I(to) is lost in their ventricular myocytes (PubMed:16293790). Instead, a slowly inactivating current is expressed that is not observed in wild-type (PubMed:16293790). Electrocardiograms of mutant hearts display no significant differences relative to wild-type regarding their QT, PR, QRS and RR intervals (PubMed:16293790). The neuronal A-type current is reduced by about 80% in brain cortex and hippocampus CA1 pyramidal neurons, by about 50% in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons and by about 60% in dorsal horn neurons (PubMed:17122039, PubMed:18045912, PubMed:18187474, PubMed:20371829, PubMed:22815518). The dendritic A-type current is abolished in pyramidal neurons from the hippocampus CA1 layer (PubMed:17122039). Concomitantly, the back-propagation of action potential in dendrites is increased (PubMed:17122039). This may lower the treshold for neuronal long-term potentiation (LTP) (PubMed:17122039). Loss of KCND2 does not influence the levels of KCND3 or KCNA4, but leads to reduced KCNIP1, KCNIP2 and KCNIP3 protein levels (PubMed:17122039, PubMed:18187474, PubMed:22612819). Mutant mice show only minor differences in their behavior when compared to wild-type; they display hyperactivity to some, but not all, novel stimuli (PubMed:22738428). Mutant mice show subtle spatial learning deficits (PubMed:20857488). Mutant mice display shorter periods of locomotor activity that wild-type littermates, due to a corresponding change in the circadian rhythm of repetitive firing in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons (PubMed:22815518). Mutant mice …
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-438 in response to MAPK activation is increased in stimulated dendrites. Interaction with KCNIP2 and DPP6 propomtes phosphorylation by PKA at Ser-552. Phosphorylation at Ser-552 has no effect on interaction with KCNIP3, but is required for the regulation of channel activity by KCNIP3. Phosphorylation at Ser-552 leads to KCND2 internalization (By similarity). Phosphorylated by MAPK in response to signaling via the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5 (PubMed:18045912). Phosphorylation at Ser-616 is required for the down-regulation of neuronal A-type currents in response to signaling via GRM5 (PubMed:18045912).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: The C-terminal cytoplasmic region is important for normal expression at the cell membrane and modulates the voltage-dependence of channel activation and inactivation. It is required for interaction with KCNIP2, and probably other family members as well.
messages: The N-terminal cytoplasmic region can mediate N-type inactivation by physically blocking the channel (By similarity). This probably does not happen in vivo, where the N-terminal region mediates interaction with regulatory subunits, such as KCNIP1 and KCNIP2 (By similarity). The zinc binding sites in the N-terminal domain are important for tetramerization and assembly of a functional channel complex (By similarity). Most likely, the channel undergoes closed-state inactivation, where a subtle conformation change would render the protein less sensitive to activation.
messages: The transient neuronal A-type potassium current called I(SA) is triggered at membrane potentials that are below the threshold for action potentials. It inactivates rapidly and recovers rapidly from inactivation. It regulates the firing of action potentials and plays a role in synaptic integration and plasticity. Potassium channels containing KCND2 account for about 80% of the neuronal A-type potassium current. In contrast, the potassium channel responsible for the cardiac I(to) current differs between species; it is mediated by KCND2 in rodents. In human and other non-rodents KCND3 may play an equivalent role.
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.
messages: Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain, but also in rodent heart. Mediates the major part of the dendritic A-type current I(SA) in brain neurons (PubMed:10818150, PubMed:17122039, PubMed:18045912, PubMed:18187474, PubMed:20371829, PubMed:22815518). This current is activated at membrane potentials that are below the threshold for action potentials. It regulates neuronal excitability, prolongs the latency before the first spike in a series of action potentials, regulates the frequency of repetitive action potential firing, shortens the duration of action potentials and regulates the back-propagation of action potentials from the neuronal cell body to the dendrites (PubMed:10818150, PubMed:17122039, PubMed:22815518). Contributes to the regulation of the circadian rhythm of action potential firing in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons, which regulates the circadian rhythm of locomotor activity (PubMed:22815518). Functions downstream of the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5 and plays a role in neuronal excitability and in nociception mediated by activation of GRM5 (PubMed:18045912). Mediates the transient outward current I(to) in rodent heart left ventricle apex cells, but not in human heart, where this current is mediated by another family member (PubMed:9734479, PubMed:10601491, PubMed:11909823, PubMed:23713033). Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:9734479, PubMed:22311982). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCND2 and KCND3; channel properties depend on the type of pore-forming alpha subunits that are part of the channel (PubMed:11909823). In vivo, membranes probably contain a mixture of…
messages: caveola
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Slc1a1
gene id: 10090:Slc1a1
uniprot id: P51906
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family. SLC1A1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains eight transmembrane regions plus two helical hairpins that dip into the membrane. These helical hairpin structures play an important role in the transport process. The first enters the membrane from the cytoplasmic side, the second one from the extracellular side. During the transport cycle, the regions involved in amino acid transport, and especially the helical hairpins, move vertically by about 15-18 Angstroms, alternating between exposure to the aqueous phase and reinsertion in the lipid bilayer. In contrast, the regions involved in trimerization do not move.
messages: Detected on neurons in the brain cortex, dentate gyrus and hippocampus CA2 region (at protein level) (PubMed:30840898). Expressed in whole brain, brain cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, lung, kidney, small intestine and skeletal muscle (PubMed:30840898, PubMed:7766664, PubMed:9233792). Expressed in the renal outer medulla, medullary ray and cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:26739563).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homotrimer (Probable). Interacts with ARL6IP5 (PubMed:12119102, PubMed:18684713). Interacts with RTN2 (via N-terminus); the interaction promotes cell surface expression of SLC1A1 (By similarity). Interacts with SORCS2; this interaction is important for normal expression at the cell membrane (PubMed:30840898).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: No visible phenotype at birth. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile, and do not develop any neurological symptoms with increasing age. They show decreased spontaneous locomotor activity. Besides, urinary excretion of glutamate and aspartate are strongly increased, but glutamate and aspartate serum levels are normal.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate (PubMed:12119102, PubMed:18684713). Can also transport L-cysteine (PubMed:30840898). Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion. Mediates Cl(-) flux that is not coupled to amino acid transport; this avoids the accumulation of negative charges due to aspartate and Na(+) symport (By similarity). Plays an important role in L-glutamate and L-aspartate reabsorption in renal tubuli (PubMed:9233792). Plays a redundant role in the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, which is essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate (PubMed:9233792). Contributes to glutathione biosynthesis and protection against oxidative stress via its role in L-glutamate and L-cysteine transport (PubMed:30840898). Negatively regulated by ARL6IP5 (PubMed:12119102).
messages: synaptosome

10090:Serpinb3a
gene id: 10090:Serpinb3a
uniprot id: G3X9V8
uniprot id: Q8BG86
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Lmod3
gene id: 10090:Lmod3
uniprot id: E9QA62
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A band
messages: Belongs to the tropomodulin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for the organization of sarcomeric actin thin filaments in skeletal muscle (PubMed:25774500, PubMed:26035871). Increases the rate of actin polymerization (By similarity).
messages: Expressed by 15.5 dpc in both skeletal muscle and heart. Expression is maintained throughout adulthood.
messages: Expression is regulated by SRF and MEF2.
messages: M line
messages: May interact with tropomyosin alpha (TPM1/2) N-terminus (By similarity). Interacts with KLHL40; leading to stabilization (PubMed:24960163).
messages: Mice show severe muscle weakness and postnatal growth retardation. Skeletal muscles show the presence of nemaline bodies and have disorganized sarcomeric structures. Muscle atrophy is specific to the fast fibers.
messages: Skeletal muscle and heart-specific (at protein level).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation. Interaction with KLHL40 negatively regulates ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cp
gene id: 10090:Cp
uniprot id: G3X8Q5
uniprot id: Q61147
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
messages: Binds 6 Cu cations per monomer.
messages: Ceruloplasmin is a blue, copper-binding (6-7 atoms per molecule) glycoprotein. It has ferroxidase activity oxidizing Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) without releasing radical oxygen species. It is involved in iron transport across the cell membrane. Provides Cu(2+) ions for the ascorbate-mediated deaminase degradation of the heparan sulfate chains of GPC1. May also play a role in fetal lung development or pulmonary antioxidant defense (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in many tissues, including liver, eye and brain.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cldn19
gene id: 10090:Cldn19
uniprot id: Q3UNX6
uniprot id: Q9ET38
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via both extracellular domains) with Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin CPE; the interaction disrupts claudin assembly in tight junctions.
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: tight junction

10090:Serpini1
gene id: 10090:Serpini1
uniprot id: O35684
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Detected in neurons in embryonic brain cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:17040209). During embryonic development mostly expressed in CNS (PubMed:9364046). In adult expressed in brain and much less in spinal cord, heart, kidney and testis (PubMed:9364046).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine protease inhibitor that inhibits plasminogen activators and plasmin but not thrombin (PubMed:9364046, PubMed:11557034). May be involved in the formation or reorganization of synaptic connections as well as for synaptic plasticity in the adult nervous system. May protect neurons from cell damage by tissue-type plasminogen activator (Probable).
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Rere
gene id: 10090:Rere
uniprot id: Q80TZ9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 8.25 dpc expression is strongly elevated in the anterior midline. At 8.5 dpc expression is elevated throughout the anteroposterior extent of the notochord and is down-regulated in the heart. At 8.75 dpc expression is increased in the ventral brain. At 9.5 dpc strong expression appears besides the notochord including the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), the isthmus and the ventral diencephalon. At 10.5 dpc expression increases in the notochord, the AER and spinal and brain neurons.
messages: Interacts with HDAC1 and ATN1. Interaction with ATN1 is improved when the poly-Gln region of ATN1 is extended. Interacts with FAT1 (By similarity).
messages: Mice embryos exhibit a variety of patterning defects that first appear at 8.0 dpc. Defects include a specific failure in ventralization of the anterior neural plate, loss of heart looping and irregular partitioning of somites. In mutant embryos, Shh expression fails to initiate along the anterior midline at 8.0 dpc, and Fgf8 is delocalized from the anterior neural ridge at 8.5 dpc.
messages: PML body
messages: Plays a role as a transcriptional repressor during development. May play a role in the control of cell survival.
messages: The interaction with ATN1 is mediated by the coiled domain.

10090:Ccdc38
gene id: 10090:Ccdc38
uniprot id: Q8CDN8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: centrosome

10090:Rhoc
gene id: 10090:Rhoc
uniprot id: Q62159
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Interacts with RTKN (PubMed:8662891). Interacts with AKAP13. Interacts with DIAPH1 (By similarity). Interacts with PKN2 (PubMed:20974804). Interacts with ROCK1 and ROCK2. Interacts with ARHGDIA. Interacts with RIPOR1 (By similarity).
messages: Regulates a signal transduction pathway linking plasma membrane receptors to the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates apical junction formation in bronchial epithelial cells.
messages: Up-regulated in silica-treated macrophages.

10090:Map7d2
gene id: 10090:Map7d2
uniprot id: A2AG50
uniprot id: Q3TS73
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MAP7 family.

10090:Eif6
gene id: 10090:Eif6
uniprot id: O55135
uniprot id: Q545K4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eIF-6 family.
messages: Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. Behaves as a stimulatory translation initiation factor downstream insulin/growth factors. Is also involved in ribosome biogenesis. Associates with pre-60S subunits in the nucleus and is involved in its nuclear export. Cytoplasmic release of TIF6 from 60S subunits and nuclear relocalization is promoted by a RACK1 (RACK1)-dependent protein kinase C activity. In tissues responsive to insulin, controls fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis by exerting translational control of adipogenic transcription factors such as CEBPB, CEBPD and ATF4 that have G/C rich or uORF in their 5'UTR (PubMed:26383020). Required for ROS-dependent megakaryocyte maturation and platelets formation, controls the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis (PubMed:26391622). Involved in miRNA-mediated gene silencing by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Required for both miRNA-mediated translational repression and miRNA-mediated cleavage of complementary mRNAs by RISC (By similarity). Modulates cell cycle progression and global translation of pre-B cells, its activation seems to be rate-limiting in tumorigenesis and tumor growth (PubMed:21665150).
messages: Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. Behaves as a stimulatory translation initiation factor downstream insulin/growth factors. Is also involved in ribosome biogenesis. Associates with pre-60S subunits in the nucleus and is involved in its nuclear export. Cytoplasmic release of TIF6 from 60S subunits and nuclear relocalization is promoted by a RACK1 (RACK1)-dependent protein kinase C activity. In tissues responsive to insulin, controls fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis by exerting translational control of adipogenic transcription factors such as CEBPB, CEBPD and ATF4 that have G/C rich or uORF in their 5'UTR. Required for ROS-dependent megakaryocyte maturation and platelets formation, controls the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis. Involved in miRNA-mediated gene silencing by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Required for both miRNA-mediated translational repression and miRNA-mediated cleavage of complementary mRNAs by RISC. Modulates cell cycle progression and global translation of pre-B cells, its activation seems to be rate-limiting in tumorigenesis and tumor growth.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in bladder, duodenum, liver, esophagus, pancreas, adipose tissue, megakaryocytes and testis with lower levels in muscle (at protein level).
messages: Embryonic lethality. Embryos die at preimplantation stage.
messages: Monomer. Associates with the 60S ribosomal subunit. Interacts with RACK1. Interacts with DICER1, AGO2, TARBP2, MOV10 and RPL7A; they form a large RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-174 and Ser-175 by CSNK1D/CK1 promotes nuclear export.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-174 and Ser-175 promotes nuclear export.
messages: Ufmylated by UFL1.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tmem74
gene id: 10090:Tmem74
uniprot id: Q8BQU7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM74 family.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Plays an essential role in autophagy. TMEM74-induced autophagy may involve PI3K signal transduction (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome membrane

10090:Otogl
gene id: 10090:Otogl
uniprot id: F7A4A7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 17.5 dpc, primarily detected in the spiral prominence and the Claudius cells and weakly in hair cells (at protein level). Also detected in the lumen surface of interdental cells in the proximity of Reissner's membrane and at the base of nascent tectorial membrane (at protein level). Similar expression pattern in P0 cochlea, with additional detection in some supporting cells (at protein level). At the same stage, in saccule, weakly expressed in hair cells and more prominently in the saccular roof (at protein level). By P6, expression becomes more restricted. Mainly detected in the outer hair cells, Deiter's cells and Claudius cells (at protein level). In the tectorial membrane, localized to the base. In the saccule, detected at high levels in the saccule roof with little change in the hair cells (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the otogelin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ifna9
gene id: 10090:Ifna9
uniprot id: A0A7R8C3E4
uniprot id: P09235
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pnpla3
gene id: 10090:Pnpla3
uniprot id: Q91WW7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Membrane
messages: Restricted to adipose tissue. Expressed in inguinal and epididymal white adipose tissues and in interscapular brown adipose tissue (PubMed:11431482). Also expressed in liver in response to high-sucrose diet (PubMed:22560221).
messages: Specifically catalyzes coenzyme A (CoA)-dependent acylation of 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate (2-lysophosphatidic acid/LPA) to generate phosphatidic acid (PA), an important metabolic intermediate and precursor for both triglycerides and glycerophospholipids. Does not esterify other lysophospholipids. Acyl donors are long chain (at least C16) fatty acyl-CoAs: arachidonoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, oleoyl-CoA and at a lesser extent palmitoyl-CoA (PubMed:22560221). Additionally possesses low triacylglycerol lipase and CoA-independent acylglycerol transacylase activities and thus may play a role in acyl-chain remodeling of triglycerides (By similarity). In vitro may express hydrolytic activity against glycerolipids triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol, with a strong preference for oleic acid as the acyl moiety (By similarity). However, the triacylglycerol hydrolase activity is controversial and may be very low (PubMed:22560221). Possesses phospholipase A2 activity (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in response to high-sucrose diet.

10090:Skp2
gene id: 10090:Skp2
uniprot id: Q9Z0Z3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-68 and Lys-71 increases stability through impairment of APC/C-mediated proteolysis and promotes cytoplasmic retention. Deacetylated by SIRT3 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a SCF(SKP2) complex consisting of CUL1, RBX1, SKP1 and SKP2. Component of a SCF(SKP2)-like complex containing CUL1, SKP1, TRIM21 and SKP2. Interacts directly with CUL1 and SKP1. Interacts with ASB2 which is the substrate-recognition component of a probable ECS E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex; ASB2 is likely to bridge the formation of dimeric E3-ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes composed of an ECS complex and an SCF(SKP2) complex. Interacts with CKS1. Interacts with the cyclin-A-CDK2 complex. Interacts with ORC1, phosphorylated CDT1, phosphorylated RBL2, ELF4, phosphorylated RAG2, FOXO1, UBP43, MYC, TOB1, TAL1 and KMT2A/MLL1. Interacts with TRIM21 (By similarity). Interacts with cyclin-E (PubMed:10790373). Interacts with CARM1 (PubMed:30366907).
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription (By similarity). Specifically recognizes phosphorylated CDKN1B/p27kip and is involved in regulation of G1/S transition (PubMed:10790373). Degradation of CDKN1B/p27kip also requires CKS1. Recognizes target proteins ORC1, CDT1, RBL2, KMT2A/MLL1, CDK9, RAG2, FOXO1, UBP43, YTHDF2, and probably MYC, TOB1 and TAL1. Degradation of TAL1 also requires STUB1. Recognizes CDKN1A in association with CCNE1 or CCNE2 and CDK2. Promotes ubiquitination and destruction of CDH1 in a CK1-dependent manner, thereby regulating cell migration (By similarity).
messages: Through the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of viral proteins may have an antiviral activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the APC/C complex, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Deubiquitinated by USP13 (By similarity).

10090:Map1b
gene id: 10090:Map1b
uniprot id: P14873
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 3 different light chains, LC1, LC2 and LC3, can associate with MAP1A and MAP1B proteins. LC1 interacts with the amino-terminal region of MAP1B. Interacts with ANP32A and TIAM2 (PubMed:12807913, PubMed:17320046). Interacts with the tubulin tyrosine TTL (PubMed:18075266). Interacts (via C-terminus) with GAN (via Kelch domains) (PubMed:12147674). Interacts (via N-terminus) with DAPK1 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM185A (By similarity). Interacts with MAP1LC3B (By similarity). Interacts with KIRREL3 (By similarity). MAP1 light chain LC1 (via C-terminus): Interacts with ELAVL4; the interaction contributes to the association of ELAVL4 with microtubules (PubMed:21288476). MAP1 light chain LC1: Interacts with ELAVL2 and ELAVL3 (PubMed:21288476).
messages: Belongs to the MAP1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has a highly basic region with many copies of the sequence KKEE and KKEI/V, repeated but not at fixed intervals, which is responsible for the binding of MAP1B to microtubules.
messages: Highly expressed in brain and cochlea, mildly expressed in heart, and very weakly expressed in liver and muscle. In the cochlea, it is abundantly expressed in spiral ganglions.
messages: LC1 is coexpressed with MAP1B. It is a polypeptide generated from MAP1B by proteolytic processing. It is free to associate with both MAP1A and MAP1B. It interacts with the N-terminal region of MAP1B.
messages: Required for proper microtubule dynamics. Plays a role in the cytoskeletal changes that accompany neuronal differentiation and neurite extension (PubMed:33268592). Possibly MAP1B binds to at least two tubulin subunits in the polymer, and this bridging of subunits might be involved in nucleating microtubule polymerization and in stabilizing microtubules. Acts as a positive cofactor in DAPK1-mediated autophagic vesicle formation and membrane blebbing (By similarity). Facilitates tyrosination of alpha-tubulin in neuronal microtubules. Required for synaptic maturation.
messages: S-nitrosylation at Cys-2460 enhances interaction with microtubules, and may act as an effector modification for neuronal nitric oxide synthase control of growth-cone size, growth-cone collapse and axon retraction.
messages: Synapse
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Ryr1
gene id: 10090:Ryr1
uniprot id: E9PZQ0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by reversible S-nitrosylation (PubMed:22036948). Repeated very high-level exercise increases S-nitrosylation.
messages: Belongs to the ryanodine receptor (TC 1.A.3.1) family. RYR1 subfamily.
messages: Channel activity is modulated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at Ser-2844 may increase channel activity. Repeated very high-level exercise increases phosphorylation at Ser-2844.
messages: Cytosolic calcium-activated calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tubules (PubMed:18003898, PubMed:7515481, PubMed:7621815, PubMed:21156754). Repeated very high-level exercise increases the open probability of the channel and leads to Ca(2+) leaking into the cytoplasm (PubMed:18268335). Can also mediate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in neurons, and may thereby promote prolonged Ca(2+) signaling in the brain (PubMed:22036948). Required for normal embryonic development of muscle fibers and skeletal muscle (PubMed:7515481). Required for normal heart morphogenesis, skin development and ossification during embryogenesis (PubMed:18003898, PubMed:7515481).
messages: Detected in muscle and myotubes (at protein level) (PubMed:18003898). Ubiquitous. Detected in diaphragm, skeletal muscle, esophagus, spleen, submaxillary gland, adrenal gland, cerebellum, brain and in testis germ cells.
messages: Homotetramer (PubMed:18003898). Can also form heterotetramers with RYR2 (By similarity). Identified in a complex composed of RYR1, PDE4D, PKA, FKBP1A and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) (PubMed:18268335). Repeated very high-level exercise decreases interaction with PDE4D and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) (PubMed:18268335). Interacts with CALM; CALM with bound calcium inhibits the RYR1 channel activity (By similarity). Interacts with S100A1 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP1A; this stabilizes the closed conformation of the channel. Interacts with CACNA1S; interaction with CACNA1S is important for activation of the RYR1 channel. Interacts with CACNB1. Interacts with TRDN and ASPH; these interactions stimulate RYR1 channel activity. Interacts with SELENON (By similarity). Interacts with scorpion calcins (AC P0DPT1; AC P0DM30; AC A0A1L4BJ42; AC P59868; AC P60254; AC B8QG00; AC L0GBR1; AC P60252; AC P60253) (By similarity).
messages: Perinatal lethality, due to severe defects in skeletal muscle development. Neonates do not breathe and do not move. Mutant mice show defects in muscle fiber development. Their muscles do not show a contractile response to electrical stimulation. In addition, mice display abnormal curvature of the spine, thin limbs, and an abnormal rib cage.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The calcium release channel activity resides in the C-terminal region while the remaining part of the protein constitutes the 'foot' structure spanning the junctional gap between the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and the T-tubule (PubMed:7621815, PubMed:7724570). Pore opening is mediated via the cytoplasmic calcium-binding domains that mediate a small rotation of the channel-forming transmembrane regions that then leads to channel opening (By similarity).
messages: The calcium release is activated by increased cytosolic calcium levels, by nitric oxyde (NO), caffeine and ATP (PubMed:7621815, PubMed:22036948, PubMed:21156754). Channel activity is modulated by the alkaloid ryanodine that binds to the open Ca-release channel with high affinity. At low concentrations, ryanodine maintains the channel in an open conformation. High ryanodine concentrations inhibit channel activity (PubMed:7621815). Channel activity is regulated by calmodulin (CALM). Channel activity is inhibited by magnesium ions, possibly by competition for calcium binding sites.

10090:Snrk
gene id: 10090:Snrk
uniprot id: Q8VDU5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-173.
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Thr-173 by STK11/LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRADA) pseudo kinase and CAB39 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Expressed from day 8 dpc along the epithelium of the differentiating neural tube. Expression persists along the dorsal axis until 12.5 dpc, but becomes progressively restricted to the more caudal part of the neural tube with much stronger intensity in the caudal neuropore. Also observed in the endoderm of the primitive gut between 8.5 and 11.5 dpc, at 10.5 dpc, in the endocardium and pericardium of the developing heart, and in both the endothelium and blood cells clustered at the ventral part of the dorsal aorta. Later in development (12.5 dpc), expressed in the endocardium and the interventricular septum of the heart.
messages: May play a role in hematopoietic cell proliferation or differentiation. Potential mediator of neuronal apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined.

10090:Vmn1r230
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r230
uniprot id: Q8R2A2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Papln
gene id: 10090:Papln
uniprot id: Q9EPX2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the papilin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Or14c44
gene id: 10090:Or14c44
uniprot id: Q7TS04
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Spag11a
gene id: 10090:Spag11a
uniprot id: Q0VB31
uniprot id: Q8K4N2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antimicrobial activity against E.coli (By similarity). Plays a role in the defense response in the male reproductive tract, contributing to sperm maturation, storage and protection (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Mrgbp
gene id: 10090:Mrgbp
uniprot id: Q9DAT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EAF7 family.
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. This modification may both alter nucleosome - DNA interactions and promote interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription. This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. NuA4 may also play a direct role in DNA repair when recruited to sites of DNA damage.
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which contains the catalytic subunit KAT5/TIP60 and the subunits EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, ING3, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, MORF4L1/MRG15, MORF4L2/MRGX, MRGBP, YEATS4/GAS41, VPS72/YL1 and MEAF6. MRGBP may interact directly with MORF4L1/MRG15 and MORF4L2/MRGX (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nfkbiz
gene id: 10090:Nfkbiz
uniprot id: Q9EST8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By IL-1, LPS, peptidoglycan, bacterial lipoprotein, flagellin, MALP-2, R-848 and CpG DNA, but not by TNF-alpha.
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, lung and heart. Expressed at very low levels in skeletal muscle, spleen and brain.
messages: Interacts with NFKB1/p50 (PubMed:11356851). Interacts with RELA (By similarity). Interacts with AKIRIN2 (PubMed:25107474).
messages: Involved in regulation of NF-kappa-B transcription factor complexes (PubMed:11356851, PubMed:15241416, PubMed:15618216, PubMed:17447895). Inhibits NF-kappa-B activity without affecting its nuclear translocation upon stimulation (PubMed:11356851, PubMed:15241416, PubMed:15618216, PubMed:17447895). Inhibits DNA-binding of RELA and NFKB1/p50, and of the NF-kappa-B p65-p50 heterodimer and the NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer (PubMed:11356851, PubMed:15241416, PubMed:15618216, PubMed:17447895). Seems also to activate NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription (PubMed:11356851, PubMed:15241416, PubMed:15618216, PubMed:17447895). In vitro, upon association with NFKB1/p50 has transcriptional activation activity and, together with NFKB1/p50 and RELA, is recruited to LCN2 promoters (By similarity). Promotes transcription of LCN2 and DEFB4 (By similarity). Is recruited to IL-6 promoters and activates IL-6 but decreases TNF-alpha production in response to LPS (PubMed:11086164, PubMed:25107474). Seems to be involved in the induction of inflammatory genes activated through TLR/IL-1 receptor signaling (PubMed:11086164, PubMed:25107474). Involved in the induction of T helper 17 cells (Th17) differentiation upon recognition of antigen by T cell antigen receptor (TCR) (PubMed:25282160).
messages: Major.
messages: Mice have splenocytes with defective proliferation in response to LPS but not to anti-CD40, IL-4 and anti-IgM. Though mice grew normally after birth, some of them started to develop atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions with acanthosis and lichenoid changes at the age of 4-5 weeks. All mice developed the disease by the age of 10 weeks. 5-week-old mice show pathological changes in the conjunctiva, including a heavy lymphocyte infiltration into the submucosa and loss of goblet cells in the conjunctival epithelium.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp385b
gene id: 10090:Zfp385b
uniprot id: Q8BXJ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is direct.
messages: Mainly expressed in developing brain.
messages: May play a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Qtrt1
gene id: 10090:Qtrt1
uniprot id: Q9JMA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase (TGT) that catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with queuine (Q) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr), resulting in the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (7-(((4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)amino)methyl)-7-deazaguanosine) (PubMed:19414587, PubMed:29862811). Catalysis occurs through a double-displacement mechanism. The nucleophile active site attacks the C1' of nucleotide 34 to detach the guanine base from the RNA, forming a covalent enzyme-RNA intermediate. The proton acceptor active site deprotonates the incoming queuine, allowing a nucleophilic attack on the C1' of the ribose to form the product (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, ling, skeletal muscle, spleen and testis.
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit QTRT1 and an accessory subunit QTRT2.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gpd1l
gene id: 10090:Gpd1l
uniprot id: B2RSR7
uniprot id: Q3ULJ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SCN5A.
messages: Plays a role in regulating cardiac sodium current; decreased enzymatic activity with resulting increased levels of glycerol 3-phosphate activating the DPD1L-dependent SCN5A phosphorylation pathway, may ultimately lead to decreased sodium current; cardiac sodium current may also be reduced due to alterations of NAD(H) balance induced by DPD1L.

10090:Tmigd3
gene id: 10090:Tmigd3
uniprot id: G3X8R9
uniprot id: Q497R5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for adenosine. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase.

10090:Rps19bp1
gene id: 10090:Rps19bp1
uniprot id: Q8C6B9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AROS family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3. Interacts with RPS19; the interaction is direct and mediates the integration of RPS19 in state post-A1 (PubMed:16289379). Interacts with SIRT1 (By similarity).
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome. Acts as a chaperone that specifically mediates the integration of RPS19 in state post-A1. Direct regulator of SIRT1. Enhances SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53/TP53, thereby participating in inhibition of p53/TP53-mediated transcriptional activity.
messages: Widely expressed with higher levels in submaxillary gland and epididymis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Amd2
gene id: 10090:Amd2
uniprot id: D3Z6H8
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family.
messages: Binds 1 pyruvoyl group covalently per subunit.
messages: Essential for biosynthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. Promotes maintenance and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells, by maintaining spermine levels.
messages: Heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta chains.
messages: Is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme. Formation of the active enzyme involves a self-maturation process in which the active site pyruvoyl group is generated from an internal serine residue via an autocatalytic post-translational modification. Two non-identical subunits are generated from the proenzyme in this reaction, and the pyruvate is formed at the N-terminus of the alpha chain, which is derived from the carboxyl end of the proenzyme. The post-translation cleavage follows an unusual pathway, termed non-hydrolytic serinolysis, in which the side chain hydroxyl group of the serine supplies its oxygen atom to form the C-terminus of the beta chain, while the remainder of the serine residue undergoes an oxidative deamination to produce ammonia and the pyruvoyl group blocking the N-terminus of the alpha chain.
messages: Product of an intronless, probably retrotransposed, copy of AMD1. mRNA levels are 10-40 times lower than AMD1 (PubMed:9620866).

10090:Afap1
gene id: 10090:Afap1
uniprot id: Q80YS6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can cross-link actin filaments into both network and bundle structures. May modulate changes in actin filament integrity and induce lamellipodia formation. May function as an adapter molecule that links other proteins, such as SRC and PKC to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity).
messages: Monomer and homomultimer. Interacts via its C-terminus with F-actin; probably involving AFAP1 multimers. Interacts with activated SRC SH3-SH2 domains. Interacts via its PH 1 domain with PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCI (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SRC.
messages: stress fiber

10090:Ecm1
gene id: 10090:Ecm1
uniprot id: Q61508
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the surrounding connective tissues of developing long bones, but not in the cartilage. The long isoform is expressed in a number of tissues including liver, heart and lungs. The short isoform is expressed in skin and cartilage-containing tissues such as tail and front paw. No expression is found in brain.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with HSPG2 (via C-terminus). Interacts with EFEMP1/FBLN3 and LAMB3. Interacts with MMP9.
messages: Involved in endochondral bone formation as negative regulator of bone mineralization. Stimulates the proliferation of endothelial cells and promotes angiogenesis. Inhibits MMP9 proteolytic activity (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Brpf1
gene id: 10090:Brpf1
uniprot id: A0A0N4SUS4
uniprot id: A0A0N4SUT9
uniprot id: A0A0N4SVG7
uniprot id: B2RRD7
uniprot id: E9PXP1
uniprot id: Q3U109
uniprot id: Q80XK2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by KAT6A.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of some HBO1 complex composed of KAT7/HBO1, MEAF6, ING5, and BRPF1. Component of the MOZ/MORF complex composed at least of ING5, KAT6A, KAT6B, MEAF6 and one of BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2 and BRPF3. Interacts (via PHD-type zinc finger domains) with unmethylated histone H3 at 'Lys-4' (H3K4me0). Interacts with trimethylated 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3). Interacts with ING5; interaction directs BRPF1 to H4K4me3-enriched chromatin at the 5' of active genes. Interacts with KAT7.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality around embryonic day 9.5 caused by arrested vasculogenesis in the yolk sac and embryo proper (PubMed:24646517, PubMed:25773539). Embryos also display abnormal neural tube closure (PubMed:25773539).
messages: Expressed at low level in most tissues, with high expression in the testis and specific regions of the brain.
messages: Expressed in the placenta, yolk sac, limb buds, brain, spinal cord, retina, nose, bone and brown fat at the prenatal stages.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Scaffold subunit of various histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complexes, such as the MOZ/MORF and HBO1 complexes, which have a histone H3 acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Plays a key role in HBO1 complex by directing KAT7/HBO1 specificity towards histone H3 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K14ac) (By similarity). Some HAT complexes preferentially mediate histone H3 'Lys-23' (H3K23ac) acetylation (PubMed:27939640). Positively regulates the transcription of RUNX1 and RUNX2 (By similarity).

10090:Kmo
gene id: 10090:Kmo
uniprot id: Q91WN4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aromatic-ring hydroxylase family. KMO subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) to form 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (L-3OHKyn). Required for synthesis of quinolinic acid, a neurotoxic NMDA receptor antagonist and potential endogenous inhibitor of NMDA receptor signaling in axonal targeting, synaptogenesis and apoptosis during brain development. Quinolinic acid may also affect NMDA receptor signaling in pancreatic beta cells, osteoblasts, myocardial cells, and the gastrointestinal tract.
messages: Expressed by organs containing secondary lymphoid tissue, such as the lung, spleen, mesenteric lymph node, thymus and peripheral lymph nodes.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Mutants show normal fecundity, fertility and longevity up tp 2 year. They have reduced serum 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine concentrations. They are protected against extrapancreatic tissue injury to the lung, kidney and liver produced by acute pancreatitis-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
messages: Transmembrane domains are required for enzymatic activity.

10090:Crtap
gene id: 10090:Crtap
uniprot id: Q9CYD3
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the leprecan family.
messages: Defects in Crtap are a cause of osteochondrodysplasia characterized by severe osteoporosis and decreased osteoid production.
messages: Found in articular chondrocytes. Expressed in a variety of tissues.
messages: Necessary for efficient 3-hydroxylation of fibrillar collagen prolyl residues.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Eif5a
gene id: 10090:Eif5a
uniprot id: P63242
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by PCAF/KAT2B, regulating its subcellular localization (By similarity). Deacetylated by SIRT2 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the eIF-5A family.
messages: Binds to 80S ribosomes. Actively translating ribosomes show mutually exclusive binding of eIF5a (EIF5A or EIF5A2) and EEF2/eEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with DAPL1; interaction takes place at the polypeptide exit tunnel of hibernating ribosomes and prevents translation (By similarity). Interacts with DHPS. Interacts with SDCBP. Interacts with DOHH (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Lys-50 undergoes hypusination, a unique post-translational modification that consists in the addition of a butylamino group from spermidine to lysine side chain, leading to the formation of the unusual amino acid hypusine. eIF-5As are the only known proteins to undergo this modification, which is essential for their function.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Translation factor that promotes translation elongation and termination, particularly upon ribosome stalling at specific amino acid sequence contexts (By similarity). Binds between the exit (E) and peptidyl (P) site of the ribosome and promotes rescue of stalled ribosome: specifically required for efficient translation of polyproline-containing peptides as well as other motifs that stall the ribosome (By similarity). Acts as ribosome quality control (RQC) cofactor by joining the RQC complex to facilitate peptidyl transfer during CAT tailing step (By similarity). Also involved in actin dynamics and cell cycle progression, mRNA decay and probably in a pathway involved in stress response and maintenance of cell wall integrity (By similarity). With syntenin SDCBP, functions as a regulator of p53/TP53 and p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis (By similarity). Regulates also TNF-alpha-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Mediates effects of polyamines on neuronal process extension and survival (PubMed:15377278).

10090:Dpp6
gene id: 10090:Dpp6
uniprot id: Q9Z218
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S9B family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain cortex (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer (in vitro). Interacts with KCND2. Identified in a complex with KCND2 and KCNIP2. Forms an octameric complex composed of four DPP6 subunits bound to the KCND2 tetramer.
messages: Knockdown animals obtained using siRNA technology have smaller brains than their wild-type littermates. Performance on the standard Morris water maze indicated spatial memory defects and learning disabilities.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2 (PubMed:22311982). Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2 (PubMed:22311982). Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity (By similarity).

10090:H2-T23
gene id: 10090:H2-T23
uniprot id: P06339
uniprot id: Q3V014
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain (beta-2-microglobulin).
messages: Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system.
messages: Membrane

10090:Smim14
gene id: 10090:Smim14
uniprot id: Q91VT8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Tlr3
gene id: 10090:Tlr3
uniprot id: Q99MB1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Highly expressed in lung. After intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide, highly expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung and spleen.
messages: Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR3 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by double-stranded RNA, a sign of viral infection. Acts via the adapter TRIF/TICAM1, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, IRF3 nuclear translocation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (By similarity).
messages: Monomer and homodimer; dimerization is triggered by ligand-binding, the signaling unit is composed of one ds-RNA of around 40 bp and two TLR3 molecules, and lateral clustering of signaling units along the length of the ds-RNA ligand is required for TLR3 signal transduction. Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1; the interaction is required for transport from the ER to the endosomes (PubMed:33432245). Interacts with SRC; upon binding of double-stranded RNA (By similarity). Interacts with TICAM1 (via the TIR domain) in response to poly(I:C) and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of WDFY1 (PubMed:25736436). The tyrosine-phosphorylated form (via TIR domain) interacts with WDFY1 (via WD repeat 2) in response to poly(I:C) (PubMed:25736436).
messages: TLR3 signaling requires a proteolytic cleavage mediated by cathepsins CTSB and CTSH, the cleavage occurs between amino acids 252 and 346. The cleaved form of TLR3 is the predominant form found in endosomes (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by TRIM3; leading to recognition and sorting of polyubiquitinated TLR3 by the ESCRT complexes. Ubiquitinated by ZNRF1 via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains; leading to TLR3 lysosomal trafficking and degradation.
messages: ds-RNA binding is mediated by LRR 1 to 3, and LRR 17 to 18.

10090:Gtsf1
gene id: 10090:Gtsf1
uniprot id: Q9DAN6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0224 (FAM112) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed abundantly in adult testis, at moderate levels in unfertilized eggs and ovaries and weakly in embryonic stem cells.
messages: In the male gonad, barely detected at 13.5 dpc or at birth, detected weakly on postnatal day 14 and maximally expressed in the 4- or 7-week-old mouse testis but not detected in the epididymis of the 7-week-old mouse (at protein level). In the female gonad, low levels detected at birth (at protein level). In the adult testis, present predominantly in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids but not in spermatogonia, preleptotene spermatocytes or elongating spermatids (at protein level).
messages: Mutant mice grow normally and appear healthy but males are sterile due to massive germ cell apoptotic death after postnatal day 14 with meiocytes ceasing meiotic progression before the early meitoic phase. There is also increased transcription of LINE-1 and IAP retrotransposons accompanied by demethylation of their promoter regions.
messages: Required for spermatogenesis and is involved in the suppression of retrotransposon transcription in male germ cells.

10090:Dgkh
gene id: 10090:Dgkh
uniprot id: A0A2I3BQ43
uniprot id: A0JP53
uniprot id: D3YXJ0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in ovary and uterus (at protein level).
messages: Diacylglycerol kinase that converts diacylglycerol/DAG into phosphatidic acid/phosphatidate/PA and regulates the respective levels of these two bioactive lipids (PubMed:27643686). Thereby, acts as a central switch between the signaling pathways activated by these second messengers with different cellular targets and opposite effects in numerous biological processes (Probable). Plays a key role in promoting cell growth. Activates the Ras/B-Raf/C-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling pathway induced by EGF. Regulates the recruitment of RAF1 and BRAF from cytoplasm to membranes and their heterodimerization (By similarity).
messages: Does not form homooligomers.
messages: Homooligomers. Heterooligomers. Oligomerization through the SAM domain inhibits the diacylglycerol kinase activity. Heterooligomerizes with SAM domain-containing isoforms of DGKD.
messages: Interacts with RAF1 and BRAF.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation does not inhibit catalytic activity.
messages: Specifically expressed in testis (PubMed:25613821, PubMed:27643686). Detected in the inner area of the testis (PubMed:25613821). Strongly expressed in the secondary spermatocytes and the round spermatids and weakly detected in the primary spermatocytes (PubMed:25613821).
messages: The SAM domain mediates homooligomerization.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:27643686). Detected in the granulosa cells of the primary and secondary follicles (PubMed:25613821). Expressed in mature follicles and corpus lutea (PubMed:25613821). Expressed in the oviductal epithelium (PubMed:25613821). In the uterus, strongly expressed in the luminal epithelium (PubMed:25613821). Detected in the uterine glands (PubMed:25613821).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Asic1
gene id: 10090:Asic1
uniprot id: Q6NXK8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. ASIC1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Channel opening involves a conformation change that affects primarily the extracellular domain and the second transmembrane helix and its orientation in the membrane. In the open state, the second transmembrane helix is nearly perpendicular to the plane of the membrane; in the desensitized state it is strongly tilted. Besides, the second transmembrane domain is discontinuously helical in the open state. The GAS motif of the selectivity filter is in an extended conformation, giving rise to a distinct kink in the polypeptide chain. A domain swap between subunits gives rise to a full-length transmembrane helix (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in brain areas receiving strong excitatory corticofugal input. In hippocampus, expressed in the hilus of the dentate gyrus. In the cerebral cortex expressed in anterior and posterior cingulate cortex, sensory and motor cortices. In the sensory cortex strongest expression is detected in the whisker barrel field. In sensorimotor and cingulate cortex expression is elevated in layer III. Also expressed in basal ganglia, striatum, ventral pallidum, olfactory tubercle, and nucleus accumbens. Weakly expressed in thalamus with the exception of the habenula and the medial septal nuclei. In olfactory bulb, preferentially expressed in the glomerular layer, within glomeruli. Expressed in cerebellum in the molecular and granule cell layers. Strongly expressed in amygdala complex, particularly in the lateral and basolateral nuclei. Isoform 1 is more abundant in brain compared to isoform 2 (at protein level). Expressed in the nodose ganglion and dorsal root ganglion. Expressed in dendritic spine cells.
messages: Homotrimer or heterotrimer with other ASIC proteins (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCABP and ASIC2 (By similarity). Interacts with STOM (PubMed:15471860).
messages: Inhibited by the diuretic amiloride.
messages: Mice display reduced spatial learning and memory capability, associated with absence of proton-gated currents in hippocampal neurons and impairment of hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP). They also show an increased mechanosensitivity of colonic and gastroesophageal mechanoreceptors and prolonged gastric emptying and an altered fear conditioning.
messages: Phosphorylation by PKA regulates interaction with PRKCABP and subcellular location. Phosphorylation by PKC may regulate the channel (By similarity).
messages: Potentiated by Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Ba(2+), multivalent cations and potentiated by FMRFamide-related neuropeptides. PH dependence may be regulated by serine proteases. Inhibited by anti-inflammatory drugs like salicylic acid (By similarity).
messages: Proton-gated sodium channel; it is activated by a drop of the extracellular pH and then becomes rapidly desensitized. Generates a biphasic current with a fast inactivating and a slow sustained phase. Has high selectivity for sodium ions and can also transport lithium ions with high efficiency. Can also transport potassium ions, but with lower efficiency. It is nearly impermeable to the larger rubidium and cesium ions. Mediates glutamate-independent Ca(2+) entry into neurons upon acidosis. This Ca(2+) overloading is toxic for cortical neurons and may be in part responsible for ischemic brain injury. Heteromeric channel assembly seems to modulate channel properties. Functions as a postsynaptic proton receptor that influences intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II phosphorylation and thereby the density of dendritic spines. Modulates activity in the circuits underlying innate fear.

10090:Gja4
gene id: 10090:Gja4
uniprot id: P28235
uniprot id: Q3UPZ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in lung.
messages: Membrane
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: gap junction

10090:Trim50
gene id: 10090:Trim50
uniprot id: E9PVV5
uniprot id: Q810I2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by EP300 and KAT2B. HDAC6 drives TRIM50 deacetylation. Acetylation antagonizes with TRIM50 ubiquitination.
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Can form dimers and trimers. Interacts with several E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, including UBE2L6, UBE2E1, UBE2E3. No interaction with UBE2H. Interacts with BECN1. Interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with NLRP3 (PubMed:36178239).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that ubiquitinates Beclin-1/BECN1 in a 'Lys-63'-dependent manner enhancing its binding to ULK1 (PubMed:29604308). In turn, promotes starvation-induced autophagy activation. Interacts also with p62/SQSTM1 protein and thereby induces the formation and the autophagy clearance of aggresome-associated polyubiquitinated proteins through HDAC6 interaction (PubMed:22792322). Promotes also NLRP3 inflammasome activation by directly inducing NLRP3 oligomerization independent of its E3 ligase function (PubMed:36178239).
messages: Expressed in the stomach.
messages: TRIM50-deficient mice show a significantly prolonged survival time when LPS-challenged when compared with wild-type mice. TRIM50 deficiency also significantly ameliorates NLRP3-mediated inflammation and tissue damage in vivo.

10090:Vps35
gene id: 10090:Vps35
uniprot id: Q3TRJ1
uniprot id: Q9EQH3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The CSC seems to associate with the cytoplasmic domain of cargo proteins predominantly via VPS35; however, these interactions seem to be of low affinity and retromer SNX proteins may also contribute to cargo selectivity thus questioning the classical function of the CSC. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX3-retromer mediates the retrograde transport of WLS distinct from the SNX-BAR retromer pathway. The SNX27-retromer is believed to be involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of a broad spectrum of cargo proteins. The CSC seems to act as recruitment hub for other proteins, such as the WASH complex and TBC1D5 (Probable). Required for retrograde transport of lysosomal enzyme receptor IGF2R and SLC11A2. Required to regulate transcytosis of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-pIgA). Required for endosomal localization of WASHC2 and mediates the association of the CSC with the WASH complex (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the VPS35 family.
messages: Component of the heterotrimeric retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC), also described as vacuolar protein sorting subcomplex (VPS) formed by VPS26 (VPS26A or VPS26B), VPS29 and VPS35. The CSC has a highly elongated structure with VPS26 and VPS29 binding independently at opposite distal ends of VPS35 as central platform (PubMed:21040701, PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005). The CSC is believed to associate with variable sorting nexins to form functionally distinct retromer complex variants. The originally described retromer complex (also called SNX-BAR retromer) is a pentamer containing the CSC and a heterodimeric membrane-deforming subcomplex formed between SNX1 or SNX2 and SNX5 or SNX6 (also called SNX-BAR subcomplex); the affinity between the respective CSC and SNX-BAR subcomplexes is low. The CSC associates with SNX3 to form a SNX3-retromer complex. The CSC associates with SNX27, the WASH complex and the SNX-BAR subcomplex to form the SNX27-retromer complex (Probable). Interacts with VPS26A, VPS29, VPS26B and LRRK2 (PubMed:16190980, PubMed:21040701, PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005, PubMed:23395371). Interacts with SNX1, SNX2, IGF2R, SNX3, GOLPH3, SLC11A2, WASHC2, FKBP15, WASHC1, EHD1. Interacts with MAGEL2; leading to recruitment of the TRIM27:MAGEL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex retromer-containing endosomes (By similarity). Interacts with SORCS2 (PubMed:28469074).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in striatum (at protein level) (PubMed:28469074). Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in fat tissue, testis, brain, kidney, thymus, liver and pancreas, and at lower levels in heart, intestine and skeletal muscle. Detected in oocytes, pre-implantation embryos and at 6.5-12.5 dpc.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in vesicular protein sorting.

10090:Dhrs9
gene id: 10090:Dhrs9
uniprot id: Q148Q4
uniprot id: Q58NB6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that converts 3-alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone (allopregnanolone) to dihydroxyprogesterone and 3-alpha-androstanediol to dihydroxyprogesterone. Also plays a role in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid. Can utilize both NADH and NADPH.
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Hectd3
gene id: 10090:Hectd3
uniprot id: Q3U487
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligases accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Mediates ubiquitination of TRIOBP and its subsequent proteasomal degradation, thus facilitating cell cycle progression by regulating the turn-over of TRIOBP (By similarity). Mediates also ubiquitination of STX8.
messages: Interacts with TRIOBP (By similarity). Interacts with STX8.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gmeb2
gene id: 10090:Gmeb2
uniprot id: P58929
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer of GMEB1 and GMEB2. Interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1). May interact with CREB-binding protein (CBP) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Trans-acting factor that binds to glucocorticoid modulatory elements (GME) present in the TAT (tyrosine aminotransferase) promoter and increases sensitivity to low concentrations of glucocorticoids. Binds also to the transferrin receptor promoter (By similarity).

10090:Rars2
gene id: 10090:Rars2
uniprot id: Q3U186
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Hadhb
gene id: 10090:Hadhb
uniprot id: Q99JY0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-202 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Heterotetramer of 2 alpha/HADHA and 2 beta/HADHB subunits; forms the mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme (By similarity). Also purified as higher order heterooligomers including a 4 alpha/HADHA and 4 beta/HADHB heterooligomer which physiological significance remains unclear (By similarity). The mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme interacts with MTLN (PubMed:29949755). Interacts with RSAD2/viperin (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha/HADHA carries the 2,3-enoyl-CoA hydratase and the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities, while the trifunctional enzyme subunit beta/HADHB described here bears the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Amigo3
gene id: 10090:Amigo3
uniprot id: Q8C2S7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. AMIGO family.
messages: Binds AMIGO1 or AMIGO2.
messages: May mediate heterophilic cell-cell interaction. May contribute to signal transduction through its intracellular domain (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Atp5e
gene id: 10090:Atp5e
uniprot id: P56382
uniprot id: Q545F5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase epsilon family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) seems to have nine subunits: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8 (or A6L). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and of the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and of the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Prss46
gene id: 10090:Prss46
uniprot id: Q5M8S2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rasgef1b
gene id: 10090:Rasgef1b
uniprot id: Q8JZL7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Constitutively expressed in brain, intestine and testis. Low constitutive expression, if any, in heart, lung, lymph nodes and thymus. Up-regulated in heart, kidney, liver, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus at day 20 after infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. Not detected in muscle.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) with specificity for RAP2A, it doesn't seems to activate other Ras family proteins (in vitro).
messages: In vitro, up-regulated in peritoneal macrophages by GPI-mucins, bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and poly(I:C). Small induction, if any, by IFNG alone. Induction is maximal 12 and 18 hours following LPS stimulation (at protein level). Also induced in T-helper cells activated by phytohemagglutinin. In vivo, up-regulated by infection with protozoan parasites, including Plasmodium chabaudi and Trypanosoma cruzi. This induction is dependent upon IFNG, MYD88 and TICAM1.
messages: Interacts with CCDC124 during cytokinesis (By similarity). Interacts with Ras family proteins.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Midbody

10090:Gm21506
gene id: 10090:Gm21506
uniprot id: Q9D9T3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Aqp1
gene id: 10090:Aqp1
uniprot id: Q02013
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aquaporins contain two tandem repeats each containing three membrane-spanning domains and a pore-forming loop with the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA).
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in erythrocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:12133842). In the kidney, expressed on luminal and basal borders of proximal tubules and in the thin limb of Henle's loop (at protein level) (PubMed:31605441).
messages: Forms a water-specific channel that provides the plasma membranes of red cells and kidney proximal tubules with high permeability to water, thereby permitting water to move in the direction of an osmotic gradient (PubMed:12133842). Component of the ankyrin-1 complex, a multiprotein complex involved in the stability and shape of the erythrocyte membrane (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer. Component of the ankyrin-1 complex in the erythrocyte, composed of ANK1, RHCE, RHAG, SLC4A1, EPB42, GYPA, GYPB and AQP1 (By similarity). Interacts with EPHB2; involved in endolymph production in the inner ear (PubMed:10839360). Identified in a complex with STOM. Interacts (via the N-terminal) with ANK1 (via ANK 1-5 repeats). Interacts (via the C-terminal) with EPB42 (By similarity).
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and appear healthy and normal, but display strongly reduced urine osmolality. Besides, their erythrocytes show reduced water permeability. Mice lacking both Aqp1 and Slc14a1 are born at the expected Mendelian ratio, but do not thrive; half of them die within ten days after birth and none are alive after two weeks. Urine osmolality is somewhat lower than that observed with mice lacking only Aqp1. Besides, erythrocyte water permeability is significantly lower than in mice lacking only Aqp1.
messages: Pharmacologically inhibited by submillimolar concentrations of mercury.

10090:Pld1
gene id: 10090:Pld1
uniprot id: D6RH77
uniprot id: Q6NVF2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase D family.

10090:Mmadhc
gene id: 10090:Mmadhc
uniprot id: Q99LS1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with MMACHC. Forms a multiprotein complex with MMACHC, MTR and MTRR.
messages: Involved in cobalamin metabolism and trafficking. Plays a role in regulating the biosynthesis and the proportion of two coenzymes, methylcob(III)alamin (MeCbl) and 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl). Promotes oxidation of cob(II)alamin bound to MMACHC. The processing of cobalamin in the cytosol occurs in a multiprotein complex composed of at least MMACHC, MMADHC, MTRR (methionine synthase reductase) and MTR (methionine synthase) which may contribute to shuttle safely and efficiently cobalamin towards MTR in order to produce methionine.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Hao2
gene id: 10090:Hao2
uniprot id: Q9NYQ2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Oxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of medium chain hydroxyacids such as 2-hydroxyoctanoate, to the correspondong 2-oxoacids. Its role in the oxidation of 2-hydroxy fatty acids may contribute to the general pathway of fatty acid alpha-oxidation. Active in vitro with the artificial electron acceptor 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP), but O2 is believed to be the physiological electron acceptor, leading to the production of H2O2. Is not active on glycolate, glyoxylate, L-lactate, 2-hydroxybutanoate and 2-hydroxyhexadecanoate.
messages: Pancreas.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Was originally thought to originate from human.

10090:Ppp4c
gene id: 10090:Ppp4c
uniprot id: P97470
uniprot id: Q3UNF2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family.
messages: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methylation at the C-terminal Leu-307 is critical for interactions with regulatory subunits and functions in DNA repair.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase that is involved in many processes such as microtubule organization at centrosomes, maturation of spliceosomal snRNPs, apoptosis, DNA repair, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha signaling, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAPK8, regulation of histone acetylation, DNA damage checkpoint signaling, NF-kappa-B activation and cell migration. The PPP4C-PPP4R1 PP4 complex may play a role in dephosphorylation and regulation of HDAC3. The PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A PP4 complex specifically dephosphorylates H2AX phosphorylated on Ser-140 (gamma-H2AX) generated during DNA replication and required for DNA double strand break repair (By similarity). Dephosphorylates NDEL1 at CDK1 phosphorylation sites and negatively regulates CDK1 activity in interphase. In response to DNA damage, catalyzes RPA2 dephosphorylation, an essential step for DNA repair since it allows the efficient RPA2-mediated recruitment of RAD51 to chromatin (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits. Component of the PP4 complexes PPP4C-PPP4R1, PPP4C-PPP4R2, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3B and PPP4C-PPP4R4. The PPP4C-PPP4R2 complex appears to be a tetramer composed of 2 molecules of PPP4C and 2 molecules of PPP4R2. Interacts with REL, NFKB1/p50 and RELA. Interacts with SMN1 and GEMIN4. Interacts with IRS4 (phosphorylated). Interacts with SMEK1/PPP4R3A; the interaction requires PP4R2. Interacts with HDAC3 (By similarity).
messages: centrosome

10090:Vmn1r215
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r215
uniprot id: Q8R264
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mt2
gene id: 10090:Mt2
uniprot id: P02798
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the metallothionein superfamily. Type 1 family.
messages: Class I metallothioneins contain 2 metal-binding domains: four divalent ions are chelated within cluster A of the alpha domain and are coordinated via cysteinyl thiolate bridges to 11 cysteine ligands. Cluster B, the corresponding region within the beta domain, can ligate three divalent ions to 9 cysteines.
messages: Metallothioneins have a high content of cysteine residues that bind various heavy metals; these proteins are transcriptionally regulated by both heavy metals and glucocorticoids.

10090:Arap1
gene id: 10090:Arap1
uniprot id: Q4LDD4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Interacts with TNFRSF10A.
messages: Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein that modulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling by regulating ARF and RHO family members. Is activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) binding. Can be activated by phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P2) binding, albeit with lower efficiency. Has a preference for ARF1 and ARF5 (By similarity).

10090:Or5w20
gene id: 10090:Or5w20
uniprot id: A2AVC0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dbn1
gene id: 10090:Dbn1
uniprot id: Q9QXS6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin cytoskeleton-organizing protein that plays a role in the formation of cell projections (By similarity). Required for actin polymerization at immunological synapses (IS) and for the recruitment of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 to IS (By similarity). Plays a role in dendritic spine morphogenesis and organization, including the localization of the dopamine receptor DRD1 to the dendritic spines (PubMed:25865831). Involved in memory-related synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus (PubMed:25865831).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the hippocampus, with expression in the pyramidal cells of CA1, CA2 and CA3 and in the granule cells of the dentate gyrus (at protein level) (PubMed:25865831). Highly expressed in brain, also present in stomach and to a lesser degree in kidney, colon, and urinary bladder (PubMed:10633083). The E2 isoform is specifically expressed in adult stomach, kidney, and cultured cells (PubMed:10633083).
messages: Interacts with RUFY3 (PubMed:24720729). Interacts with CXCR4; this interaction is enhanced by antigenic stimulation (By similarity). Interacts (via ADF-H domain) with ZMYND8 (via N-terminus); the interaction leads to sequestering of ZMYND8 in the cytoplasm (By similarity).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian frequency (PubMed:25865831). Mutant mice exhibit significant reduction of dendritic spine numbers, altered dendritic spine morphology with a reduction in the number of mushroom, thin and stubby types of dendritic spines, decreased protein levels of the neurotransmitter receptors DRD1, DRD2, HTR1A and 5HT7R and reduced numbers of DRD1 receptors on dendritic spines (PubMed:25865831). Inhibited memory-related high-frequency-induced synaptic strengthening (PubMed:25865831).
messages: cell cortex
messages: dendrite
messages: growth cone

10090:Neu1
gene id: 10090:Neu1
uniprot id: O35657
uniprot id: Q3UL64
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A C-terminal internalization signal (YGTL) appears to allow the targeting of plasma membrane proteins to endosomes.
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 33 family.
messages: Catalyzes the removal of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) moieties from glycoproteins and glycolipids. To be active, it is strictly dependent on its presence in the multienzyme complex. Appears to have a preference for alpha 2-3 and alpha 2-6 sialyl linkage.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, epididymis, followed by brain, spinal cord and weakly expressed in adrenal, heart, liver, lung and spleen.
messages: Interacts with cathepsin A (protective protein), beta-galactosidase and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase in a multienzyme complex.
messages: Lysosome lumen
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylation of tyrosine within the internalization signal results in inhibition of sialidase internalization and blockage on the plasma membrane.

10090:Dnajb8
gene id: 10090:Dnajb8
uniprot id: Q9QYI7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Efficient suppressor of aggregation and toxicity of disease-associated polyglutamine proteins.
messages: Interacts with histone deacetylases HDAC4, HDAC6, and SIRT2, HDAC activity is required for antiaggregation.
messages: The antiaggregation activity resides in the serine-rich region and the C-terminus.

10090:Plin3
gene id: 10090:Plin3
uniprot id: Q9DBG5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the perilipin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with M6PR (via the cytoplasmic domain). Interacts with IGF2R (via the cytoplasmic domain).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-255 by isoform 1 of CHKA (CHKalpha2) promotes dissociation from lipid droplets: dissociation is followed by recruitment of autophagosome machinery to lipid droplets and subsequent lipid droplet lipolysis.
messages: Structural component of lipid droplets, which is required for the formation and maintenance of lipid storage droplets. Required for the transport of mannose 6-phosphate receptors (MPR) from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network.

10090:Slc7a8
gene id: 10090:Slc7a8
uniprot id: Q9QXW9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with SLC3A2 to form a functional heterodimeric complex that translocates small and large neutral amino acids with broad specificity and a stoichiometry of 1:1 (PubMed:10574970). Functions as amino acid antiporter mediating the influx of extracellular essential amino acids mainly in exchange with the efflux of highly concentrated intracellular amino acids. Has relatively symmetrical selectivities but strongly asymmetrical substrate affinities at both the intracellular and extracellular sides of the transporter. This asymmetry allows SLC7A8 to regulate intracellular amino acid pools (mM concentrations) by exchange with external amino acids (uM concentration range), equilibrating the relative concentrations of different amino acids across the plasma membrane instead of mediating their net uptake. May play an essential role in the reabsorption of neutral amino acids from the epithelial cells to the bloodstream in the kidney. Involved in the uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) when administered as the L-cysteine or D,L-homocysteine complexes, and hence plays a role in metal ion homeostasis and toxicity. Involved in the cellular activity of small molecular weight nitrosothiols, via the stereoselective transport of L-nitrosocysteine (L-CNSO) across the transmembrane (By similarity). Imports the thyroid hormone diiodothyronine (T2) and to a smaller extent triiodothyronine (T3) but not rT 3 or thyroxine (T4) (PubMed:26601072, PubMed:28108384). Mediates the uptake of L-DOPA (By similarity). May participate in auditory function (PubMed:29355479).
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the catalytic light chain subunit SLC7A8 and the heavy chain subunit SLC3A2 (PubMed:10574970). SLC3A2 acts as chaperones for correct plasma membrane trafficking and stabilization of SLC7A8 and modulates the substrate affinity and specificity of SLC7A8. ICAM-1 associates with the heterodimer SLC3A2/SLC7A8; facilitates leucine uptake (By similarity).
messages: Slc7a8-deficient mice present normal development and growth. Only a slightly altered coordination of movements is observed in Slc7a8-deficient mice. Circulating thyroid hormones, thyrotropin and thyroid hormone-responsive genes remain unchange. Functional compensation by other amino acid transporters might explain the lack of a severe phenotype (PubMed:21726201). The lack of Slc7a8 results in a significant increase of cataracts in old animals, in particularly in old females (PubMed:31231240). Slc7a8-deficient mice dysplay a hearing loss defect with incomplete penetrance affecting mainly high-frequency sounds, hearing loss severity increases with age in Slc7a8-deficient mice (PubMed:29355479).
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney and small intestine. Moderately present in placenta, ovary and brain (PubMed:10574970, PubMed:29355479). Expressed in the inner ear (PubMed:29355479).

10090:Lhfpl4
gene id: 10090:Lhfpl4
uniprot id: Q5U4E0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LHFP family.
messages: Contradictory results have been described and may be due to differences in the methods used for gene disruption (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). No visible phenotype, mice are viable and fertile until adulthood (PubMed:28978485). However cultured hippocampal neurons from deficient mice shown a dramatic decrease in both amplitude and frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC) (PubMed:28978485). In contrast, deficient mice exhibit profound impairment of inhibitory synapse formation, prominent motor behavioral deficits and premature death (PubMed:29742426).
messages: Highly expressed in the brain, including the cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, olfactory bulb pona plus medulla (at protein level) (PubMed:26964900, PubMed:28279354, PubMed:29742426). Expressed in the in the cerebellar granular layer and in granular layer. Colocalized with GPHN at inhibitory synapses (PubMed:29742426). Weakly expressed in heart, testis, lung, intestine, vagina, ovary and uterus (PubMed:26964900).
messages: Interacts with GABA(A) receptor subunits (PubMed:28279354, PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). Interacts with GABRB3 (PubMed:28978485). Interacts with GABRA2 (PubMed:28978485). Interacts with GABRG2 (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). Interacts with GABRA1 (PubMed:29742426). Identified in a complex of 720 kDa composed of LHFPL4, NLGN2, GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRG2 and GABRB3 (By similarity). Interacts with NLGN2; leading to mutual regulation of protein level and synaptic clustering (PubMed:29742426, PubMed:28978485).
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of inhibitory synapse formation and function by being involved in maintening gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) clustering and their associated scaffold proteins at inhibitory synaptic sites (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:28279354, PubMed:29742426). Acts in concert with NLGN2 to recruit or stabilize GABAARs (PubMed:29742426).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: dendrite

10090:Pmp22
gene id: 10090:Pmp22
uniprot id: P16646
uniprot id: Q5SXS3
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A defect in Pmp-22 is the cause of trembler (tr) phenotype. Trembler mice show a Schwann cells defect characterized by severe hypomyelination and continuing Schwann cells proliferation throughout life.
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed from day 3 of gastrulation, expression levels are maintained until day 10.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Might be involved in growth regulation, and in myelinization in the peripheral nervous system.
messages: Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system (PubMed:1552943). Expressed at growth arrest of mammalian fibroblasts (PubMed:1692961).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the DCX(DCAF13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, leading to its degradation.

10090:Or2w3b
gene id: 10090:Or2w3b
uniprot id: Q5NCD6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp668
gene id: 10090:Zfp668
uniprot id: Q8K2R5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. May play a role in DNA repair process.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Prr11
gene id: 10090:Prr11
uniprot id: Q8BHE0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a critical role in cell cycle progression.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Rapidly degraded by the proteasome; degradation may involve FBXW7-specific phosphorylated phosphodegron motifs.

10090:Dnaaf4
gene id: 10090:Dnaaf4
uniprot id: E9Q973
uniprot id: Q8C5Z6
uniprot id: Q8R368
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Interacts with ZMYND10 (By similarity). Interacts with ESR1 and ESR2. Interacts with STUB1 (By similarity). Interacts with DNAAF2 (By similarity). Interacts with CCT3, CCT4, CCT5 and CCT8 (PubMed:23872636). Interacts with DNAAF6/PIH1D3 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in neuronal migration during development of the cerebral neocortex. May regulate the stability and proteasomal degradation of the estrogen receptors that play an important role in neuronal differentiation, survival and plasticity (By similarity). Axonemal dynein assembly factor required for ciliary motility.
messages: Nucleus
messages: neuron projection

10090:Irf9
gene id: 10090:Irf9
uniprot id: E9PZJ2
uniprot id: E9Q8M6
uniprot id: Q3UKQ7
uniprot id: Q61179
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: By IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Upon stimulation the regulatory phosphorylated alpha and beta subunits assemble with the gamma subunit and translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
messages: Interacts with STAT2 in the cytoplasm. Forms the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) with the heterodimer STAT1:STAT2; upon stimulation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that plays an essential role in anti-viral immunity. It mediates signaling by type I IFNs (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. IRF9/ISGF3G associates with the phosphorylated STAT1:STAT2 dimer to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state.

10090:Vmn1r47
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r47
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0Y0
uniprot id: Q9EQ51
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Ift52
gene id: 10090:Ift52
uniprot id: Q62559
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After opioid treatment, expression decreases.
messages: Component of the IFT complex B, at least composed of IFT20, IFT22, IFT25, IFT27, IFT46, IFT52, TRAF3IP1/IFT54, IFT57, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, and IFT88 (PubMed:19253336). Interacts with IFT88 (PubMed:19253336). Interacts with TTC25 (PubMed:25860617). Interacts with TTC21A (By similarity). Interacts with IFT70A1, IFT70A2, IFT70B and KIF17 (PubMed:23810713). Interacts with USH1G (By similarity).
messages: Involved in ciliogenesis as part of a complex involved in intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bi-directional movement of particles required for the assembly, maintenance and functioning of primary cilia (PubMed:19253336). Required for the anterograde transport of IFT88 (By similarity).
messages: cilium

10090:Vmn1r15
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r15
uniprot id: Q14C10
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ntn4
gene id: 10090:Ntn4
uniprot id: Q0VEM1
uniprot id: Q9JI33
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, heart, ovary, testis, retina, brain, olfactory bulb, and widely expressed in embryo.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May form a homodimer.
messages: May play an important role in neural, kidney and vascular development. Promotes neurite elongation from olfactory bulb explants.
messages: basement membrane

10090:Or5p62
gene id: 10090:Or5p62
uniprot id: Q8VFD0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Helz2
gene id: 10090:Helz2
uniprot id: E9QAM5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
messages: Contains 5 Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs. These motifs are not required for interaction with PPARG (By similarity).
messages: Helicase that acts as a transcriptional coactivator for a number of nuclear receptors including PPARA, PPARG, THRA, THRB and RXRA.
messages: In 3T3-L1 cell line, highly expressed before differentiation with a slight decreased after the induction of adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Interacts with PPARA (via DNA-binding domain) and PPARG; the interaction stimulates the transcriptional activity of PPARA and PPARG. Interacts with THRAP3; the interaction is direct and HELZ2 and THRAP3 synergistically enhance the transcriptional activity of PPARG. It is probably part of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha interacting complex (PRIC).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ssr4
gene id: 10090:Ssr4
uniprot id: Q3TVJ8
uniprot id: Q62186
uniprot id: Q9D8L3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAP-delta family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Heterotetramer of TRAP-alpha, TRAP-beta, TRAP-delta and TRAP-gamma.
messages: Membrane
messages: TRAP proteins are part of a complex whose function is to bind calcium to the ER membrane and thereby regulate the retention of ER resident proteins.

10090:Mrpl16
gene id: 10090:Mrpl16
uniprot id: Q99N93
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Slc2a5
gene id: 10090:Slc2a5
uniprot id: Q9WV38
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected at the apical membrane of villi in the jejunum (PubMed:18496516, PubMed:19091748, PubMed:26071406). Detected in jejunum mucosa (PubMed:26071406). Detected in epididymis and whole testis (at protein level) (PubMed:18417103). Detected in small intestine, kidney and testis (PubMed:12031501, PubMed:18417103, PubMed:19091748). Detected in cochlea, but not in inner or outer cochlear hair cells (PubMed:18417103).
messages: Fructose uptake is inhibited by cytochalasin B.
messages: Functions as a fructose transporter that has only low activity with other monosaccharides (PubMed:12031501, PubMed:19091748). Can mediate the uptake of deoxyglucose, but with low efficiency (By similarity). Essential for fructose uptake in the small intestine (PubMed:19091748, PubMed:26071406). Plays a role in the regulation of salt uptake and blood pressure in response to dietary fructose (PubMed:19091748). Required for the development of high blood pressure in response to high dietary fructose intake (PubMed:19091748).
messages: Mice fed a standard diet appear normal and healthy, and display no visible phenotype (PubMed:18417103, PubMed:19091748, PubMed:26071406). Mutant mice show reduced food intake when kept on a high-frucose diet and about 28% reduction of their body weight within seven days. They loose more weight than wild-type mice that receive similar amounts of high-fructose food (PubMed:19091748). Mutant mice show strongly decreased fructose absorption in the jejunum (PubMed:19091748, PubMed:26071406). Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice have a strongly distended colon and caecum when kept on a high-fructose diet. Their intestines look normal when they are fed a standard diet. Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display increased fructose levels in blood serum when kept on a high-fructose diet. Contrary to wild-type, they do not show increased salt absorption in response to fructose, and do not develop high blood pressure in response to fructose feeding. On the contrary, the blood pressure of mutant mice is strongly decreased after five days on a high-fructose diet. Mutant mice develop hypovolemic shock and die after 7 to 10 days on high-fructose diet (PubMed:19091748). Mutant mice display no defects of cochlear morphology or any hearing defects (PubMed:18417103).
messages: Up-regulated in jejunum by dietary fructose intake (at protein level) (PubMed:18496516). Up-regulated in jejunum by dietary fructose intake (PubMed:18496516, PubMed:26071406). Up-regulated by dietary fructose intake in small intestine and testis (PubMed:12031501).
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Ufm1
gene id: 10090:Ufm1
uniprot id: P61961
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UFM1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with UBA5. Interacts with UFC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitin-like modifier which can be covalently attached via an isopeptide bond to lysine residues of substrate proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer (PubMed:21494687). The so-called ufmylation, requires the UFM1-activating E1 enzyme UBA5, the UFM1-conjugating E2 enzyme UFC1, and the UFM1-ligase E3 enzyme UFL1. Ufmylation is involved in reticulophagy (also called ER-phagy) induced in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Ufmylation of TRIP4 regulates nuclear receptors-mediated transcription (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed with higher expression in secretory tissues (at protein level).

10090:Tac4
gene id: 10090:Tac4
uniprot id: Q99N14
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tachykinin family.
messages: Expressed in hematopoietic cells with highest levels in pre- and pro-B cells but not in later developmental stages. Also detected in uterus, skeletal muscle, brain, spleen, stomach, skin and lactating mammary gland and in cells of myeloid lineage including dendritic and microglial cells and macrophages. In uterus, highest expression is observed in non-pregnant diestrus mice and in day 5 pregnant mice. Compared with mice in diestrus, decreases 2.6-fold in uteri from non-pregnant mice in estrus and 10.2-fold in day 17 pregnant mice. Detected at sites of chronic inflammation such as granulomas.
messages: Secreted
messages: Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. Hemokinin induces plasma extravasation, mast cell degranulation, muscle contraction, salivary secretion and scratching behavior. Increases sperm motility. Induces potent analgesic effects and may play a role in pain modulation. Promotes survival of bone marrow B lineage cells and of cultured LPS-stimulated pre-B cells and may act as an autocrine factor required for B-cell survival and proliferation. Lowers systemic arterial pressure following intravenous injection. Induces interferon-gamma production and may play a role in the inflammatory response. Shows potent affinity and specificity for the NK-1 receptor.

10090:Gm20831
gene id: 10090:Gm20831
uniprot id: Q3TTD8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Amt
gene id: 10090:Amt
uniprot id: A2RSW6
uniprot id: Q8CFA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GcvT family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine.
messages: The glycine cleavage system is composed of four proteins: P, T, L and H.

10090:Sohlh1
gene id: 10090:Sohlh1
uniprot id: Q6IUP1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms both hetero- and homodimers with SOHLH2.
messages: In male testis, it is expressed as early as 12.5 dpc. After birth, it localizes to type A spermatogonia in 7-day-old testis and adult testis, but not in spermatocytes. In spermatogonia, it is initially detected in stage IV Aal spermatogonia and strongly expressed in Aal, A1, A2, A3, A4, intermediate and type B spermatogonia (at protein level). In ovary, it is detected at 15.5 dpc, when oocytes have entered meiosis I, although a low level expression is detectable at 13.5 dpc. Expressed in oocytes of germ cell cysts as well as primordial follicles in the newborn ovary. In adult ovaries, it is preferentially expressed in primordial oocytes but disappear rapidly as the oocytes are recruited to form primary and secondary (multilayer and preantral) follicles. During oocyte differentiation, protein appearance at 15.5 dpc correlates with SOHLH2 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus and is dependent on SOHLH2 expression (PubMed:28504655).
messages: In males, it is mainly expressed in testis, while in females it is mainly expressed in ovary. In testis, it is exclusively expressed in spermatogonia, with a preference for prespermatogonia and type A spermatogonia. In ovary, it is detected in germ cell cysts, primordial follicles, and primary follicles but is undetectable by the secondary follicle stage (at protein level). Expressed in the majority of spermatogonia in adult animals, but not in the most undifferentiated spermatogonial population (PubMed:22056784).
messages: Knockout mice are infertile. Males lacking SOHLH1 display disrupted spermatogonial differentiation into spermatocytes and show a strong down-regulation Lhx8 and Neurog3/Ngn3 genes (PubMed:16564520). Females display perturbed follicular formation, probably partially due to down-regulation of Nobox and Figla, 2 genes required for folliculogenesis (PubMed:16690745). Fertility could be restored by conditional expression of a SOHLH1 transgene after the onset of meiosis (PubMed:28504655).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription is activated by DMRT1 in undifferentiated spermatogonia.
messages: Transcription regulator of both male and female germline differentiation. Suppresses genes involved in spermatogonial stem cells maintenance, and induces genes important for spermatogonial differentiation (PubMed:22056784). Coordinates oocyte differentiation without affecting meiosis I (PubMed:28504655).

10090:2310057J18Rik
gene id: 10090:2310057J18Rik
uniprot id: Q8C6C9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LEG1 family.
messages: May be involved in early liver development.
messages: Secreted

10090:Olig3
gene id: 10090:Olig3
uniprot id: Q6PFG8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May determine the distinct specification program of class A neurons in the dorsal part of the spinal cord and suppress specification of class B neurons.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Restricted to the CNS. At 9.25 and 10.5 dpc, specifically expressed in the dorsal neural tube from the midbrain/hindbrain boundary to the spinal cord. At 10.5 dpc, expressed continuously from the upper rhombic lip to the tail. From 10.5 to 12.5 dpc, located in the most dorsal aspect of the spinal cord, excluding the roof plate, mainly in proliferating progenitor cells; quickly down-regulated in postmitotic neurons. At 11.5 dpc, 3 ventral expression clusters, corresponding to p3, p2 and p0 domains, transiently appear on the lateral margin of the subventricular zone, in addition to dorsal expression. At 14.5 dpc, weakly expressed in cells scattered in the mantle zone. Expression declines after 15.5 dpc. In the 11.5 dpc forebrain, expressed in the ventricular zone of the dorsal thalamus. In the 11.5 to 14.5 dpc hindbrain, dorsally expressed in the upper and lower rhombic lip, in the cerebellar neuroepithelium.
messages: Weakly expressed, mainly in non-neural tissues.

10090:Zfp92
gene id: 10090:Zfp92
uniprot id: Q62396
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Usp33
gene id: 10090:Usp33
uniprot id: A0A0H2UKB8
uniprot id: Q8R5K2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP20/USP33 subfamily.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme involved in various processes such as centrosome duplication, cellular migration and beta-2 adrenergic receptor/ADRB2 recycling. Involved in regulation of centrosome duplication by mediating deubiquitination of CCP110 in S and G2/M phase, leading to stabilize CCP110 during the period which centrioles duplicate and elongate. Involved in cell migration via its interaction with intracellular domain of ROBO1, leading to regulate the Slit signaling. Plays a role in commissural axon guidance cross the ventral midline of the neural tube in a Slit-dependent manner, possibly by mediating the deubiquitination of ROBO1. Acts as a regulator of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating the deubiquitination of beta-arrestins (ARRB1 and ARRB2) and beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2). Plays a central role in ADRB2 recycling and resensitization after prolonged agonist stimulation by constitutively binding ADRB2, mediating deubiquitination of ADRB2 and inhibiting lysosomal trafficking of ADRB2. Upon dissociation, it is probably transferred to the translocated beta-arrestins, leading to beta-arrestins deubiquitination and disengagement from ADRB2. This suggests the existence of a dynamic exchange between the ADRB2 and beta-arrestins. Deubiquitinates DIO2, thereby regulating thyroid hormone regulation. Mediates deubiquitination of both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes.
messages: Interacts with VHL, leading to its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with ADRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with DIO2 (By similarity). Interacts with SELENBP1; in a selenium-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with CCP110 (By similarity). Interacts with ROBO1 (PubMed:19684588, PubMed:19706539). Interacts with ADRB2 (By similarity).
messages: Present in 9.5 and 11.5 dpc commissural neurons (at protein level).
messages: The UBP-type zinc finger binds 3 zinc ions. However, it does not bind ubiquitin, probably because the conserved Arg in position 55 is replaced by a Glu residue (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated via a VHL-dependent pathway for proteasomal degradation.
messages: centrosome
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Neil3
gene id: 10090:Neil3
uniprot id: Q8K203
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FPG family.
messages: By mitogen stimulation in splenocytes, and by hypoxic-ischemic injury in the striatum and hippocampus.
messages: Chromosome
messages: DNA glycosylase which prefers single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), or partially ssDNA structures such as bubble and fork structures, to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). Mediates interstrand cross-link repair in response to replication stress: acts by mediating DNA glycosylase activity, cleaving one of the two N-glycosyl bonds comprising the interstrand cross-link, which avoids the formation of a double-strand break but generates an abasic site that is bypassed by translesion synthesis polymerases (By similarity). In vitro, displays strong glycosylase activity towards the hydantoin lesions spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) and guanidinohydantoin (Gh) in both ssDNA and dsDNA; also recognizes FapyA, FapyG, 5-OHU, 5-OHC, 5-OHMH, Tg and 8-oxoA lesions in ssDNA (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). No activity on 8-oxoG detected (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). Also shows weak DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). In vivo, appears to be the primary enzyme involved in removing Sp and Gh from ssDNA in neonatal tissues (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161).
messages: Expressed in testis, thymus, spleen and bone marrow. In young mice, expressed at higher levels in thymocytes than splenocytes. At 12 dpc, abundant in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. At 17.5 dpc and P0, expression is limited to distinct cells in the cortical SVZ, in cells of the secondary matrix, the dentate gyrus migratory route and the dentate gyrus.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing brain at 12 dpc-13 dpc when neurogenesis starts. Expression decreases during later development and is undetectable in adult brain.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perinatal mice show reduced regeneration of neural tissue following ischemic brain damage (stroke), associated with fewer activated microglia and impaired neural stem cell proliferation. Aged mice show deficits in learning and memory, decreased anxiety-like behavior, and changes in hippocampal synapse composition. Otherwise viable and fertile.
messages: The N-terminal region (2-282) contains the glycosylase and lyase activities.
messages: The RanBP2-type zinc-finger, also named NZF zinc finger, recognizes and binds ubiquitinated CMG helicase complex. The GRF-type zinc-fingers recognize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), possibly on the lagging strand template.
messages: Was originally thought to be inactive as a glycosylase, but recent reports demonstrate that cleavage of the initiator methionine is essential for catalytic activity.

10090:Colec12
gene id: 10090:Colec12
uniprot id: Q8K4Q8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in embryo at 9 dpc, increases progressively to a peak at 14 dpc and gradually decreases until 19 dpc.
messages: Expressed in vascular endothelial cells in the heart, in perivascular macrophage and smooth muscle cells. Expressed in plaques-surrounding reactive astrocytes located in cerebral cortex and hippocampus and in leptomeningeal vessels showing characteristics of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in a double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease (at protein level). Strongly expressed in lung. Moderately expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, liver, brain, colon, testis, stomach and kidney. Expressed in neonatal astrocytes. Expressed in reactive astrocytes and vascular/perivascular cells in the brain of a double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
messages: Membrane
messages: Scavenger receptor that displays several functions associated with host defense. Promotes binding and phagocytosis of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast. Binds also to sialyl Lewis X or a trisaccharide and asialo-orosomucoid (ASOR). Mediates the recognition, internalization and degradation of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by vascular endothelial cells (By similarity). Binds to several carbohydrates including Gal-type ligands, D-galactose, L- and D-fucose, GalNAc, T and Tn antigens in a calcium-dependent manner and internalizes specifically GalNAc in nurse-like cells (By similarity).
messages: The extracellular domain forms a stable trimer (By similarity). The extracellular domain interacts with fibrillar amyloid-beta peptide.
messages: Up-regulated in activated microglia and by fibrillar amyloid-beta peptide in activated astrocytes.

10090:Vmn1r57
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r57
uniprot id: K7N731
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim2
gene id: 10090:Trim2
uniprot id: E9QKC6
uniprot id: Q3UHH4
uniprot id: Q9ESN6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 12.5 dpc, expressed in the developing nervous system, particularly in the spinal cord, dorsal rootganglia, hindbrain and midbrain.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms homooligomers (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM3; this interaction reduces TRIM2 activity (By similarity). Interacts with myosin V; myosin V may not be a substrate for ubiquitination. Interacts with NEFL. Interacts with phosphorylated BCL2L11. Interacts with SIRPA (PubMed:30726215).
messages: Highly expressed in the cerebellum, hippocampus, retina and spinal cord. In the cerebellum, strongest expression in Purkinje cells and in the deep cerebellar nuclei. In retina, high expression in the ganglionic cell layer, inner nuclear layer and inthe outer plexiform layer. Particularly high expression in the hippocampus, in pyramidal cells of CA1-CA3 hippocampal areas and ingranule cells of the dentate gyrus.
messages: Mutant mice are indistinguishable from wild type until about 1.5 months of age, when they begin to show intention tremor, followed by gait ataxia. At this stage, neurons exhibit axonal swellings, which consist of the accumulation of disorganized neurofilaments and microtubules, mitochondria and vesicles. In later stages, mutant animals suffer from episodes of spontaneous generalized seizures, a phenotype caused by progressive loss of Purkinje cells through apoptosis. At 4 months of age, retinas in mutant mice display decreased thickness of the inner nuclear layer and a reduced number of ganglionic cells. The outer plexiform layer is also reduced, whereas the size of the photoreceptor layer is not altered (PubMed:18687884). In addition, TRIM2-knockout mice are also more susceptible to infection with new world arenaviruses (PubMed:30726215).
messages: RING-type zinc finger-dependent and UBE2D1-dependent autoubiquitination.
messages: The interaction with myosin V is dependent upon its NHL repeats, which form a beta-propeller (NHL) domain containing six blades.
messages: UBE2D1-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of NEFL and of phosphorylated BCL2L11. Plays a neuroprotective function. May play a role in neuronal rapid ischemic tolerance. Plays a role in antiviral immunity and limits new world arenavirus infection independently of its ubiquitin ligase activity by decreasing virus internalization (PubMed:30726215).

10090:Irs4
gene id: 10090:Irs4
uniprot id: Q9Z0Y7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an interface between multiple growth factor receptors possessing tyrosine kinase activity, such as insulin receptor, IGF1R and FGFR1, and a complex network of intracellular signaling molecules containing SH2 domains. Involved in the IGF1R mitogenic signaling pathway. Promotes the AKT1 signaling pathway and BAD phosphorylation during insulin stimulation without activation of RPS6KB1 or the inhibition of apoptosis. Interaction with GRB2 enhances insulin-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activity. May be involved in nonreceptor tyrosine kinase signaling in myoblasts. Plays a pivotal role in the proliferation/differentiation of hepatoblastoma cell through EPHB2 activation upon IGF1 stimulation. May play a role in the signal transduction in response to insulin and to a lesser extent in response to IL4 and GH on mitogenesis. Plays a role in growth, reproduction and glucose homeostasis. May act as negative regulators of the IGF1 signaling pathway by suppressing the function of IRS1 and IRS2.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle, brain, heart, kidney and liver.
messages: First detected from days 15 and 17 embryos.
messages: Interacts with CRK and CRKL. Interaction with CRK is stronger than with CRKL. Interacts with CRK via the phosphorylated YXXM motifs. Interacts with PLC-gamma, SHC1, PTK6, PPP4C and NISCH (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS6 in response to stimulation with either insulin or IGF1. Interacts with PIK3R1 and GRB2.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to both insulin and IGF1 signaling. Phosphorylated on Tyr-894 in response to FGF2 signaling. Phosphorylation of Tyr-894 is required for GRB2, phospholipase C-gamma and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase interaction (By similarity).
messages: Slight defects in growth, reproduction and glucose homeostasis.

10090:Tubgcp4
gene id: 10090:Tubgcp4
uniprot id: Q543T6
uniprot id: Q8BWR3
uniprot id: Q8BYN2
uniprot id: Q9D4F8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TUBGCP family.
messages: Gamma-tubulin complex is composed of gamma-tubulin, TUBGCP2, TUBGCP3, TUBGCP4, TUBGCP5 and TUBGCP6. Interacts with NINL. Interacts with ATF5; the ATF5:PCNT:polyglutamylated tubulin (PGT) tripartite unites the mother centriole and the pericentriolar material (PCM) in the centrosome.
messages: Gamma-tubulin complex is necessary for microtubule nucleation at the centrosome.
messages: centrosome

10090:Foxq1
gene id: 10090:Foxq1
uniprot id: O70220
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Defects in Foxq1 are the cause of the satin (sa) phenotype and results in a silky coat with high sheen arising from structurally abnormal medulla cells and defects in differentiation of the hair shaft.
messages: Expressed in kidney and stomach. Expression in the outer medulla of the kidney and the transitional epithelium. Expressed in the hair follicle medulla.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in hair follicle differentiation.

10090:Or2b2
gene id: 10090:Or2b2
uniprot id: Q7TQU5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmsb4x
gene id: 10090:Tmsb4x
uniprot id: P20065
uniprot id: Q6ZWX2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AcSDKP is inactivated by ACE, which removes the dipeptide Lys-Pro from its C-terminus.
messages: Belongs to the thymosin beta family.
messages: Identified in a complex composed of ACTA1, COBL, GSN AND TMSB4X (By similarity). Interacts with SERPINB1 (By similarity).
messages: Originally found in thymus but it is widely distributed in many tissues.
messages: Plays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization.
messages: Potent inhibitor of bone marrow derived stem cell differentiation (By similarity). Acts by inhibits the entry of hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells into the S-phase (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cybrd1
gene id: 10090:Cybrd1
uniprot id: Q925G2
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Binds 2 heme b groups non-covalently.
messages: By iron deficiency. Up-regulated in duodenal mucosa of mice lacking transferrin or Hfe (at protein level).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the brush-border membrane of duodenal enterocytes (at protein level). Also expressed in liver and spleen.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mice are normal and do not display iron stores defects, even in the setting of iron deficiency. These results, reported by PubMed:15961514, suggest that Cybrd1 is not an essential component of intestinal iron apparatus. However, according to PubMed:16326980, no direct measurements of iron absorption were made by PubMed:15961514, suggesting that final conclusions can be drawn only when direct iron absorption studies are carried out or mice are maintained on a diet containing ferric iron only.
messages: Plasma membrane reductase that uses cytoplasmic ascorbate as an electron donor to reduce extracellular Fe(3+) into Fe(2+) (PubMed:17068337). Probably functions in dietary iron absorption at the brush border of duodenal enterocytes by producing Fe(2+), the divalent form of iron that can be transported into enterocytes (PubMed:11230685, PubMed:12547225). It is also able to reduce extracellular monodehydro-L-ascorbate and may be involved in extracellular ascorbate regeneration by erythrocytes in blood (PubMed:17068337). May also act as a ferrireductase in airway epithelial cells (By similarity). May also function as a cupric transmembrane reductase (PubMed:18498772).

10090:Glt6d1
gene id: 10090:Glt6d1
uniprot id: Q2NKH9
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 6 family.
messages: Binds 1 Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cys1
gene id: 10090:Cys1
uniprot id: Q8R4T1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Defects in Cys1 are a cause of polycystic kidney disease.
messages: Expressed in the fetal kidney.
messages: Expressed primarily in the kidney and liver. Expressed at lower levels in the lung, brain and heart.
messages: Interacts (when myristoylated) with UNC119 and UNC119B; interaction is required for localization to cilium.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Pawr
gene id: 10090:Pawr
uniprot id: Q925B0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts (via the C-terminal region) with WT1. Interacts with THAP1. Interacts with AATF. Interacts with BACE1. Interacts with SPSB1 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction is direct and occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Interacts with SPSB2 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Interacts with SPSB4 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Component of a ternary complex composed of SQSTM1 and PRKCZ (By similarity). Interacts with actin (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Preferentially phosphorylated at the Thr-156 by PKC in cancer cells.
messages: Pro-apoptotic protein capable of selectively inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, sensitizing the cells to diverse apoptotic stimuli and causing regression of tumors in animal models. Induces apoptosis in certain cancer cells by activation of the Fas prodeath pathway and coparallel inhibition of NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity. Inhibits the transcriptional activation and augments the transcriptional repression mediated by WT1. Down-regulates the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 via its interaction with WT1. Seems also to be a transcriptional repressor by itself. May be directly involved in regulating the amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage activity of BACE1 (By similarity).
messages: The B30.2/SPRY domain-binding motif mediates recognition by proteins containing a B30.2/SPRY domain.
messages: The SAC domain is a death-inducing domain selective for apoptosis induction in cancer cells. This domain is essential for nuclear entry, Fas activation, inhibition of NF-kappa-B activity and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: The leucine-zipper domain is not essential for apoptosis, but is required for sensitization of cells to exogenous apoptotic insults and for interaction with its partners.
messages: The synapses are crucial cellular sites for the cell death promoting actions of PAWR in motor neurons. Targeted inhibition of PAWR by RNAi is neuroprotective.

10090:Sft2d2
gene id: 10090:Sft2d2
uniprot id: Q8VD57
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SFT2 family.
messages: May be involved in fusion of retrograde transport vesicles derived from an endocytic compartment with the Golgi complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rapgef5
gene id: 10090:Rapgef5
uniprot id: Q8C0Q9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAP1A, RAP2A and MRAS/M-Ras-GTP. Its association with MRAS inhibits Rap1 activation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tpbg
gene id: 10090:Tpbg
uniprot id: Q9Z0L0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in embryo and placenta. In adult, expressed only in brain and ovary. Not detected in kidney small intestine, heart, spleen, testis, liver, lung, thymus and stomach.
messages: Highly glycosylated.
messages: May function as an inhibitor of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by indirectly interacting with LRP6 and blocking Wnt3a-dependent LRP6 internalization.
messages: The C-terminus of LRR N-terminal cap (LRRNT) and LRR 1 are essential for the inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway.

10090:Gm9839
gene id: 10090:Gm9839
uniprot id: Q6IE03
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C48 family.

10090:Psmd5
gene id: 10090:Psmd5
uniprot id: Q8BJY1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a chaperone during the assembly of the 26S proteasome, specifically of the base subcomplex of the PA700/19S regulatory complex (RC). In the initial step of the base subcomplex assembly is part of an intermediate PSMD5:PSMC2:PSMC1:PSMD2 module which probably assembles with a PSMD10:PSMC4:PSMC5:PAAF1 module followed by dissociation of PSMD5 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the proteasome subunit S5B/HSM3 family.
messages: Interacts with PSMC1, PSMC2, PSMD1 and PSMD6. Part of transient complex containing PSMD5, PSMC2, PSMC1 and PSMD2 formed during the assembly of the 26S proteasome.
messages: Rich in dileucine repeats, which have been implicated in trafficking of a variety of transmembrane proteins.

10090:Adam22
gene id: 10090:Adam22
uniprot id: D3YUP9
uniprot id: D6QSS8
uniprot id: Q9R1V6
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in juxtaparanodal zones in the central nervous system and at nerve terminal plexuses of basket cells in the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:20089912, PubMed:26269648). Expressed at high levels in the brain. Strongly expressed in cerebellar granule cells and hippocampus. In spinal cord, expression is restricted to gray matter.
messages: Interacts with LGI1 (PubMed:16990550, PubMed:18974846, PubMed:20089912). Can bind to LGI4 (PubMed:18974846). Interacts with KCNA2, DLG2 and DLG4 (PubMed:20089912). Interacts with ADAM11 (PubMed:26269648). Interacts (via C-terminus) with YWHAB/14-3-3 beta (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with YWHAZ/14-3-3 zeta (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice display severe ataxia within one week after birth and die before weaning, probably due to convulsions. They display marked hypomyelination of the peripheral nerves.
messages: Probable ligand for integrin in the brain. This is a non catalytic metalloprotease-like protein. Involved in regulation of cell adhesion and spreading and in inhibition of cell proliferation (By similarity). Neuronal receptor for LGI1.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: axon

10090:Marchf9
gene id: 10090:Marchf9
uniprot id: Q3TZ87
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may mediate ubiquitination of MHC-I, CD4 and ICAM1, and promote their subsequent endocytosis and sorting to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The RING-CH-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.

10090:Steap4
gene id: 10090:Steap4
uniprot id: Q923B6
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the STEAP family.
messages: By Tnfa (TNF-alpha), by Il6 in white and brown adipose tissue, and IL1B in white adipose tissue. Tnfa, Il6 and Il1b shows sinergistic stimulatory effects.
messages: Can also utilize the flavins FMN and riboflavin.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in white and brown adipose tissues cells, as well as in muscle and liver cells. Detected in joints and spleens of arthritic mice.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1; the interaction may regulate PTK2 phosphorylation.
messages: Integral membrane protein that functions as NADPH-dependent ferric-chelate reductase, using NADPH from one side of the membrane to reduce a Fe(3+) chelate that is bound on the other side of the membrane (PubMed:16609065). Mediates sequential transmembrane electron transfer from NADPH to FAD and onto heme, and finally to the Fe(3+) chelate (By similarity). Can also reduce Cu(2+) to Cu(1+) (PubMed:16609065). Plays a role in systemic metabolic homeostasis, integrating inflammatory and metabolic responses (PubMed:17482547). Associated with obesity and insulin-resistance (By similarity). Involved in inflammatory arthritis, through the regulation of inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:19660107). Inhibits anchorage-independent cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but exhibit overt inflammation with increased expression of Il6, Tnfa, Ccl2, haptoglobin and Socs3 in visceral adipose tissue as well as macrophage infiltration. They develop metabolic disease on regular diet with insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, mild hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver disease. Adipocytes isolated from visceral fat exhibit severily defective glucose transport, with decreased expression of Slc2a4, Adipoq, Fas and Pparg. Glucose disposal is lower in response to insulin stimulation and hepatic glucose production is higher, confirming systemic and hepatic insulin-resistance.

10090:Ing2
gene id: 10090:Ing2
uniprot id: Q9ESK4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ING family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Interacts with H3K4me3 and to a lesser extent with H3K4me2. Component of a mSin3A-like complex at least consisting of SIN3A, HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4/RbAp48, RBBP7/RbAp46, SAP30 and ING2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Seems to be involved in p53/TP53 activation and p53/TP53-dependent apoptotic pathways, probably by enhancing acetylation of p53/TP53. Component of a mSin3A-like corepressor complex, which is probably involved in deacetylation of nucleosomal histones. ING2 activity seems to be modulated by binding to phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs) (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylation enhances its association with SIN3A and is required for binding to some target gene promoters, this is the case for TMEM71.
messages: The PHD-type zinc finger mediates the binding to H3K4me3.
messages: The polybasic region (PBR) is responsive to the binding to phosphoinositides (PtdInsPs), including phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P).

10090:Copg2
gene id: 10090:Copg2
uniprot id: Q9QXK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the COPG family.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Oligomeric complex. Binds to CDC42. Interacts with JAGN1. Interacts with TMED10 (via cytoplasmic domain).
messages: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Spdl1
gene id: 10090:Spdl1
uniprot id: Q923A2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Spindly family.
messages: Interacts with KNTC1 and ZW10. These interactions appear weak and may be transient or indirect. Interacts with dynein intermediate chain and dynactin (DCTN1) (By similarity). Interacts with the catalytically active form of USP45 (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitinated with'Lys-48' linkage (By similarity). Deubiquitinated by USP45 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for the localization of dynein and dynactin to the mitotic kintochore. Dynein is believed to control the initial lateral interaction between the kinetochore and spindle microtubules and to facilitate the subsequent formation of end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments mediated by the NDC80 complex. Also required for correct spindle orientation. Does not appear to be required for the removal of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) proteins from the kinetochore upon bipolar spindle attachment. Acts as an adapter protein linking the dynein motor complex to various cargos and converts dynein from a non-processive to a highly processive motor in the presence of dynactin. Facilitates the interaction between dynein and dynactin and activates dynein processivity (the ability to move along a microtubule for a long distance without falling off the track) (By similarity). Plays a role in cell migration (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle pole

10090:Adamts3
gene id: 10090:Adamts3
uniprot id: E9Q287
uniprot id: G3X9D2
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:H2-M11
gene id: 10090:H2-M11
uniprot id: Q85ZX0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ilk
gene id: 10090:Ilk
uniprot id: O55222
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A PH-like domain is involved in phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding.
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in lung, heart, kidney, liver, brain, spleen and skeletal muscle. Weakly expressed in testis.
messages: Interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of ITGB1. Could also interact with integrin ITGB2, ITGB3 and/or ITGB5. Interacts (via ANK repeats) with LIMS1 and LIMS2. Interacts with PARVA (via C-terminus) and PARVB; these compete for the same binding site (By similarity). Interacts probably also with TGFB1I1 (PubMed:16737959). Interacts (via ANK repeats) with EPHA1 (via SAM domain); stimulated by EFNA1 but independent of the kinase activity of EPHA1 (By similarity). Interacts with FERMT2 (PubMed:18483218). Interacts with LIMD2; leading to activate the protein kinase activity. Interacts with PXN/PAXILLIN (via LD motif 4). Interacts with CCDC25 (via cytoplasmic region); initiating the ILK-PARVB cascade to induce cytoskeleton rearrangement and directional migration of cells (By similarity).
messages: Receptor-proximal protein kinase regulating integrin-mediated signal transduction. May act as a mediator of inside-out integrin signaling. Focal adhesion protein part of the complex ILK-PINCH. This complex is considered to be one of the convergence points of integrin- and growth factor-signaling pathway. Could be implicated in mediating cell architecture, adhesion to integrin substrates and anchorage-dependent growth in epithelial cells. Regulates cell motility by forming a complex with PARVB. Phosphorylates beta-1 and beta-3 integrin subunit on serine and threonine residues, but also AKT1 and GSK3B.
messages: Stimulated rapidly but transiently by both cell fibronectin interactions, as well as by insulin, in a PI3-K-dependent manner, likely via the binding of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 with a PH-like domain of ILK. The protein kinase activity is stimulated by LIMD2.
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium
messages: sarcomere

10090:Nudt15
gene id: 10090:Nudt15
uniprot id: Q8BG93
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family.
messages: Has the ability to complement a mutation of mutT in E.coli and thereby completely suppress the increased frequency of spontaneous mutations.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PCNA; interaction is disrupted in response to UV irradiation.
messages: Magnesium may be the real cofactor in vivo.
messages: May catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates including dGTP, dTTP, dCTP, their oxidized forms like 8-oxo-dGTP and the prodrug thiopurine derivatives 6-thio-dGTP and 6-thio-GTP (PubMed:12767940). Could also catalyze the hydrolysis of some nucleoside diphosphate derivatives (By similarity). Hydrolyzes oxidized nucleosides triphosphates like 8-oxo-dGTP in vitro, but the specificity and efficiency towards these substrates are low. Therefore, the potential in vivo sanitizing role of this enzyme, that would consist in removing oxidatively damaged forms of nucleosides to prevent their incorporation into DNA, is unclear (PubMed:12767940). Through the hydrolysis of thioguanosine triphosphates may participate in the catabolism of thiopurine drugs (By similarity). May also have a role in DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression by stabilizing PCNA (By similarity). Exhibits decapping activity towards dpCoA-capped RNAs in vitro (PubMed:32432673).
messages: Progressive reduction of protein levels after 4 month of age in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mouse, a mouse with early aging syndrome and reduced ability of learning and memory.

10090:Phkg1
gene id: 10090:Phkg1
uniprot id: P07934
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the phosphorylase b kinase (PHK), which mediates the neural and hormonal regulation of glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis) by phosphorylating and thereby activating glycogen phosphorylase. In vitro, phosphorylates PYGM, TNNI3, MAPT/TAU, GAP43 and NRGN/RC3 (By similarity).
messages: Hexadecamer of 4 heterotetramers, each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta subunits. Alpha (PHKA1 or PHKA2) and beta (PHKB) are regulatory subunits, gamma (PHKG1 or PHKG2) is the catalytic subunit, and delta is calmodulin.
messages: The two calmodulin-binding domains appear to act in concert to bind a single molecule of calmodulin and are pseudosubstrate/autoinhibitory domains.

10090:Sertm1
gene id: 10090:Sertm1
uniprot id: Q8CD78
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Spart
gene id: 10090:Spart
uniprot id: Q8R1X6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ITCH and WWP1. Interacts (via MIT domain) with IST1; leading to the recruitment of SPART to midbodies.
messages: May be implicated in endosomal trafficking, or microtubule dynamics, or both. Participates in cytokinesis.
messages: Midbody
messages: Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination does not require ITCH and WWP1.

10090:Wiz
gene id: 10090:Wiz
uniprot id: O88286
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:9795207, isoform L and isoform S are brain-specific. According to PubMed:16702210, isoform S is ubiquitously expressed.
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: C57BL/6J and C57BR/cdJ mice specifically present an insertion of a type II early transposon in the opposite orientation into exon 6. This results in a strong reduction in the protein levels of isoform L.
messages: Isoform L and isoform S are expressed in brain from 14 dpc to adulthood, with highest levels in the perinatal period. At embryonic stages, isoform L seems to be excluded from cerebellum.
messages: May link EHMT1 and EHMT2 histone methyltransferases to the CTBP corepressor machinery. May be involved in EHMT1-EHMT2 heterodimer formation and stabilization.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a complex containing at least CDYL, REST, WIZ, SETB1, EHMT1 and EHMT2 (By similarity). Interacts with EHMT1, EHMT2, CTBP1 and CTBP2.
messages: The C2H2-type zinc finger 10 mediates interaction with EHMT1 and EHMT2.

10090:Fars2
gene id: 10090:Fars2
uniprot id: G3X9Q4
uniprot id: Q99M01
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Is responsible for the charging of tRNA(Phe) with phenylalanine in mitochondrial translation. To a lesser extent, also catalyzes direct attachment of m-Tyr (an oxidized version of Phe) to tRNA(Phe), thereby opening the way for delivery of the misacylated tRNA to the ribosome and incorporation of ROS-damaged amino acid into proteins (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.

10090:Rasa2
gene id: 10090:Rasa2
uniprot id: P58069
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Inhibitory regulator of the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. Binds inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4) and phospholipids.

10090:Pygo1
gene id: 10090:Pygo1
uniprot id: Q9D0P5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with BCL9 via The PHD-type zinc finger motiv, and thereby becomes part of the nuclear beta-catenin/TCF complex. Found in a complex with BCL9L, CDC73, CTNNB1 and PYGO1. Interacts with histone H3 mono-, di- or tri-methylated at 'Lys4' (H3K4me1, H3K4me2, H3K4me3); the interaction is enhanced by the interaction with BCL9 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in signal transduction through the Wnt pathway.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Trrap
gene id: 10090:Trrap
uniprot id: E9QLK7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. TRA1 subfamily.

10090:Ctla4
gene id: 10090:Ctla4
uniprot id: P09793
uniprot id: Q5SSM0
uniprot id: Q6GTR6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Binds to CD80/B7-1 and CD86/B7.2. Interacts with ICOSLG.
messages: Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylation is important for dimerization.
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-201 prevents binding to the AP-2 adapter complex, blocks endocytosis, and leads to retention of CTLA4 on the cell surface.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in lymphoid tissues.

10090:Bbs1
gene id: 10090:Bbs1
uniprot id: Q3V3N7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mice are anosmic (inability to perceive odors) and have defective olfactory cilia. Significant reduction in olfactory sensory neurons ciliation in the olfactory epithelium with decreased cilium length and number. Impaired cilium localization of the BBSome complex.
messages: Part of BBSome complex, that contains BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS8/TTC8, BBS9 and BBIP10. Interacts with the C-terminus of RAB3IP. Interacts with CCDC28B and ALDOB. Interacts with PKD1.
messages: The BBSome complex is thought to function as a coat complex required for sorting of specific membrane proteins to the primary cilia. The BBSome complex is required for ciliogenesis but is dispensable for centriolar satellite function. This ciliogenic function is mediated in part by the Rab8 GDP/GTP exchange factor, which localizes to the basal body and contacts the BBSome. Rab8(GTP) enters the primary cilium and promotes extension of the ciliary membrane. Firstly the BBSome associates with the ciliary membrane and binds to RAB3IP/Rabin8, the guanosyl exchange factor (GEF) for Rab8 and then the Rab8-GTP localizes to the cilium and promotes docking and fusion of carrier vesicles to the base of the ciliary membrane. The BBSome complex, together with the LTZL1, controls SMO ciliary trafficking and contributes to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway regulation. Required for proper BBSome complex assembly (By similarity). Plays a role in olfactory cilium biogenesis/maintenance and trafficking and is essential for the localization of the BBSome complex in the olfactory sensory neurons cilia (PubMed:15322545, PubMed:28237838).
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Rhbdd1
gene id: 10090:Rhbdd1
uniprot id: Q8BHC7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S54 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in testis (at protein level). Expressed in intestine, lung, brain, kidney, epididymis, stomach, muscle, spleen, liver, heart and testis.
messages: Inhibited by aprotinin.
messages: Interacts with BIK and STEAP3 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal domain) with VCP/P97. Interacts with ubiquitin and ubiquitinated proteins.
messages: Intramembrane-cleaving serine protease that cleaves single transmembrane or multi-pass membrane proteins in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane, luminal loops and juxtamembrane regions. Involved in regulated intramembrane proteolysis and the subsequent release of functional polypeptides from their membrane anchors. Functional component of endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded membrane proteins. Required for the degradation process of some specific misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins. Participates in the transfer of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytosol, where they are destroyed by the proteasome in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. Functions in BIK, MPZ, PKD1, PTCRA, RHO, STEAP3 and TRAC processing. Involved in the regulation of exosomal secretion; inhibits the TSAP6-mediated secretion pathway. Involved in the regulation of apoptosis; modulates BIK-mediated apoptotic activity. Also plays a role in the regulation of spermatogenesis; inhibits apoptotic activity in spermatogonia.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: One study reported that the protein is not localized in the mitochondrion.

10090:Stambp
gene id: 10090:Stambp
uniprot id: Q9CQ26
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67C family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Highest expression at 18.5 dpc, followed by a gradual decrease.
messages: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide.
messages: Interacts with STAM. Interacts with SMAD6 and SMAD7. Interacts with CHMP3; the interaction appears to relieve the autoinhibition of CHMP3. Interacts with SMURF2 and RNF11; this interaction promotes ubiquitination.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show a loss of neurons and apoptotic cells in the hippocampus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated after BMP type I receptor activation.
messages: The JAMM motif is essential for the protease activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated by SMURF2 in the presence of RNF11.
messages: Zinc metalloprotease that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Does not cleave 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Plays a role in signal transduction for cell growth and MYC induction mediated by IL-2 and GM-CSF. Potentiates BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling by antagonizing the inhibitory action of SMAD6 and SMAD7. Has a key role in regulation of cell surface receptor-mediated endocytosis and ubiquitin-dependent sorting of receptors to lysosomes. Endosomal localization of STAMBP is required for efficient EGFR degradation but not for its internalization. Involved in the negative regulation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR and RAS-MAP signaling pathways.

10090:Vmn1r120
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r120
uniprot id: K7N6J6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pik3r4
gene id: 10090:Pik3r4
uniprot id: Q8VD65
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Component of the PI3K (PI3KC3/PI3K-III/class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) complex the core of which is composed of the catalytic subunit PIK3C3, the regulatory subunit PIK3R4 and BECN1 associating with additional regulatory/auxilliary subunits to form alternative complex forms. Alternative complex forms containing a forth regulatory subunit in a mutually exclusive manner are PI3K complex I (PI3KC3-C1) containing ATG14, and PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) containing UVRAG (PubMed:23332761). PI3KC3-C1 displays a V-shaped architecture with PIK3R4 serving as a bridge between PIK3C3 and the ATG14:BECN1 subcomplex. Both, PI3KC3-C1 and PI3KC3-C2, can associate with further regulatory subunits, such as RUBCN, SH3GLB1/Bif-1, AMBRA1 and NRBF2 (By similarity). PI3KC3-C1 probably associates with PIK3CB (PubMed:21059846). Interacts with RAB7A in the presence of PIK3C3/VPS34 (By similarity). Interacts with NRBF2 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Myristoylated.
messages: Probably autophosphorylated.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2 (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome

10090:Atg4d
gene id: 10090:Atg4d
uniprot id: Q8BGV9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C54 family.
messages: Cleaved by CASP3 during apoptosis which leads to increased activity. The cleavage by CASP3 reveals a cryptic mitochondrial targeting sequence immediately downstream of their canonical caspase cleavage sites which leads to mitochondrial import of the protein.
messages: Cysteine protease that plays a key role in autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:33795848). The protease activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8 family proteins: cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 proteins MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2, to reveal a C-terminal glycine (By similarity). Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy (By similarity). In addition to the protease activity, also mediates delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:33795848). Catalyzes delipidation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 proteins during macroautophagy (PubMed:33795848). Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, by catalyzing delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) (By similarity). ATG4D plays a role in the autophagy-mediated neuronal homeostasis in the central nervous system (PubMed:33795848). Compared to other members of the family (ATG4A, ATG4B or ATG4C), constitutes the major protein for the delipidation activity, while it promotes weak proteolytic activation of ATG8 proteins (PubMed:33795848). Involved in phagophore growth during mitophagy independently of its protease activity and of ATG8 proteins: acts by regulating ATG9A trafficking to mitochondria and promoting phagophore-endoplasmic reticulum contacts during the lipid transfer phase of mitophagy (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide.
messages: Mice develop normally and are born at the expected Mendelian ration (PubMed:33795848). Cells display accumulation of lipidated forms of ATG8 family proteins, affecting autophagosome number and size without significantly altering autophagic flux (PubMed:33795848). Mice show cerebellar neurodegeneration and impaired motor coordination, whose severity increases with age (PubMed:33795848).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Plays a role as an autophagy regulator that links mitochondrial dysfunction with apoptosis. The mitochondrial import of ATG4D during cellular stress and differentiation may play important roles in the regulation of mitochondrial physiology, ROS, mitophagy and cell viability.
messages: The cryptic mitochondrial transit peptide is revealed after cleavage by caspase upon oxidative stress and cell death. It acts then as a functional transit peptide, and allows the import of the cleaved protein into the mitochondria.

10090:Syce1
gene id: 10090:Syce1
uniprot id: Q9D495
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SYCE family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in testis at 14 dpc and in oocytes at 18 dpc.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:15944401). Found in a complex with SYCP1 and SYCE2 (PubMed:15944401). Interacts with SYCP1, SYCE2 and SYCE3 (PubMed:15944401, PubMed:21637789, PubMed:16968740). Interacts with SIX6OS1 (PubMed:27796301).
messages: Major component of the transverse central element of synaptonemal complexes (SCS), formed between homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase (PubMed:15944401). Requires SYCP1 in order to be incorporated into the central element (PubMed:15944401, PubMed:16968740). May have a role in the synaptonemal complex assembly, stabilization and recombination (PubMed:15944401).
messages: Meiotic cells (at protein level). Expressed in the ovary and testis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm21427
gene id: 10090:Gm21427
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Med14
gene id: 10090:Med14
uniprot id: A2ABV5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 14 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Interacts with AR, ESR1, SREBF1 and STAT2 (By similarity). Interacts with GATA1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atp8b3
gene id: 10090:Atp8b3
uniprot id: Q6UQ17
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Developmentally regulated in testis. Expression is first detected at 17 days after birth and is later up-regulated up to adulthood amd maintained thereafter.
messages: Disrupted normal fertilization by sperm; sensitivity to sperm concentration and the time required to fertilize an egg is increased; the number of spermatozoa bound to zona pellucida is decreased.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in testis, specifically in spermatids within seminiferous tubules (at protein level).
messages: P4-ATPase flippase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids (PubMed:14975727, PubMed:19017724). Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules (PubMed:14975727). May be responsible for the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phosphatidylserine (PS) in spermatozoa membranes (PubMed:14975727). Involved in acrosome reactions and binding of spermatozoa to zona pellucida (PubMed:19017724).
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Serpinb9b
gene id: 10090:Serpinb9b
uniprot id: Q9DAV6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.

10090:Or1j13
gene id: 10090:Or1j13
uniprot id: Q8VGK9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrp8
gene id: 10090:Lrp8
uniprot id: A0A571BE60
uniprot id: B1AXJ4
uniprot id: B1AXJ5
uniprot id: F6YZZ8
names: Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem50b
gene id: 10090:Tmem50b
uniprot id: Q9D1X9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0220 family.
messages: Detected in cortical plate, trigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord at embryonic stage 14.5 dpc. Widely expressed in brain at postnatal day 7 including cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebellum. Expressed throughout layers II-VI of the cortex. In the olfactory bulb, has strongest expression in glomerular and mitral cell layers. In hippocampus, localizes to CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions. In cerebellum, mainly expressed in the internal granule cell layer and the Purkinje cell layer.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, heart and testis (at protein level). In the cerebellum, has particularly strong expression in Bergmann astroglial cells (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May form homotrimers or homodimers.

10090:Gtf3c5
gene id: 10090:Gtf3c5
uniprot id: Q3UI98
uniprot id: Q8R2T8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIIC subunit 5 family.
messages: Involved in RNA polymerase III-mediated transcription. Integral, tightly associated component of the DNA-binding TFIIIC2 subcomplex that directly binds tRNA and virus-associated RNA promoters (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the TFIIIC subcomplex TFIIIC2, consisting of six subunits, GTF3C1, GTF3C2, GTF3C3, GTF3C4, GTF3C5 and GTF3C6. Interacts with BRF1, GTF3C6 and TBP (By similarity).

10090:Lmo2
gene id: 10090:Lmo2
uniprot id: P25801
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts with TAL1/SCL to regulate red blood cell development. Also acts with LDB1 to maintain erythroid precursors in an immature state.
messages: Expressed in early mouse development in central nervous system, lung, kidney, liver and spleen but only very low levels occur in thymus.
messages: Interacts with BEX2 and KDM5A (By similarity). Interacts via its LIM domains with ELF2 and LDB1. Also interacts with basic helix-loop-helix protein TAL1/SCL and can assemble in a complex with LMO2 and TAL1/SCL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The second LIM zinc-binding domain interacts with KDM5A.

10090:Trhr
gene id: 10090:Trhr
uniprot id: P21761
uniprot id: Q32MS1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Upon ligand binding, this G-protein-coupled receptor triggers activation of the phosphatidylinositol (IP3)-calcium-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway.

10090:Tmub1
gene id: 10090:Tmub1
uniprot id: Q9JMG3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in adult brain; at protein level (PubMed:18665261, PubMed:20582322). Isoform 1 (lHOPS) is highly expressed in small intestine, stomach and epididymis. Isoform 2 (sHOPS) and iHOPS are abundantly expressed in brain, liver and adrenal gland (PubMed:24240191).
messages: Interacts with EEF1A1, CAMLG, GRIA2 and GRIP1. Interacts with NPM1 and CDKN2A; TMUB1 can enhance interaction between NPM1 and CDKN2A and is proposed to bridge the proteins; proposed to be mediated by iHOPS (PubMed:16014383, PubMed:18665261, PubMed:20582322, PubMed:22890319, PubMed:24240191). Interacts with TUBG1 (By similarity). Interacts with ERLIN2 and AMFR; TMUB1 promotes the interaction of ERLIN2 with AMFR (By similarity).
messages: Involved in sterol-regulated ubiquitination and degradation of HMG-CoA reductase HMGCR (By similarity). Involved in positive regulation of AMPA-selective glutamate receptor GRIA2 recycling to the cell surface (By similarity). Acts as negative regulator of hepatocyte growth during regeneration (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 1 (lHOPS) is processed by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) in the N-terminus to release iHOPS from membranes.
messages: Isoform 2 seems to undergo a selective cleavage in the C-terminal region to release an additional cytoplasmic form.
messages: May contribute to the regulation of translation during cell-cycle progression. May contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation (PubMed:16014383). May be involved in centrosome assembly (PubMed:18418082). Modulates stabilization and nucleolar localization of tumor suppressor CDKN2A and enhances association between CDKN2A and NPM1 (PubMed:22890319).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Strong increase in home cage locomotor activity during the dark phase (subjective day) of the light:dark (L:D) cycle. There were no changes in activity during the light period and in locomotor activity observed in other assays, e.g. novel open-field.
messages: Up-regulated in regenerating liver.
messages: centrosome
messages: nucleolus

10090:Pank4
gene id: 10090:Pank4
uniprot id: Q80YV4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity is strongly promoted by Co(2+), Ni(2+), Mg(2+) and Mn(2+). Activity is inhibited by EDTA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Despite belonging to the type II pantothenate kinase family, the pantothenate kinase domain contains a Val residue at position 147 and a Trp residue at position 211 instead of the two conserved active site residues, Glu and Arg. Lacks pantothenate kinase activity.
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney, brain cortex and eye lens (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PKM.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the damage-control phosphatase family. Phosphopantetheine phosphatase II subfamily.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the type II pantothenate kinase family.
messages: Knockout mice have a body weight and a lifespan similar to wild-type animals. About 10% of the animals start developing cataract at 2 months. At 15 months, 50% homozygous animals are affected. Heterozygous animals develop cataract later, with 10% animals affected at 9 months and 25% at 15.
messages: Phosphatase which shows a preference for 4'-phosphopantetheine and its oxidatively damaged forms (sulfonate or S-sulfonate), providing strong indirect evidence that the phosphatase activity pre-empts damage in the coenzyme A (CoA) pathway. Hydrolyzing excess 4'-phosphopantetheine could constitute a directed overflow mechanism to prevent its oxidation to the S-sulfonate, sulfonate, or other forms. Hydrolyzing 4'-phosphopantetheine sulfonate or S-sulfonate would forestall their conversion to inactive forms of CoA and acyl carrier protein. May play a role in the physiological regulation of CoA intracellular levels.
messages: Subfamily II proteins have an EGMGR motif about 50 residues from the C-terminus (By similarity). This motif lies near the metal-binding residues in the putative substrate-binding cleft 2 (By similarity). Subfamily II proteins occur only in eukaryotes, in two forms: as a stand-alone unit in plants, and as a C-terminal domain of pantothenate kinases in plants, animals, and chytrid fungi (By similarity).

10090:Rcc1l
gene id: 10090:Rcc1l
uniprot id: Q9CYF5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At E8.5, broadly expressed in yolk sac placenta, decidua, and embryo, with highest levels found in the trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) and ectoplacental cone (at protein level).
messages: Forms a regulatory protein-RNA complex, consisting of RCC1L, NGRN, RPUSD3, RPUSD4, TRUB2, FASTKD2 and 16S mt-rRNA. Interacts with 16S mt-rRNA; this interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with OPA1; this interaction is direct (PubMed:28746876).
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for mitochondrial dynamin-related GTPase OPA1. Activates OPA1, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP, and drives OPA1 and MFN1-dependent mitochondrial fusion (PubMed:28746876). Plays an essential role in mitochondrial ribosome biogenesis. As a component of a functional protein-RNA module, consisting of RCC1L, NGRN, RPUSD3, RPUSD4, TRUB2, FASTKD2 and 16S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (16S mt-rRNA), controls 16S mt-rRNA abundance and is required for intra-mitochondrial translation of core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The RCC1-like repeats assemble into a circular seven-bladed beta propeller structure. Each blade is composed of four antiparallel beta-strands with loops between each strand.

10090:Hsd17b13
gene id: 10090:Hsd17b13
uniprot id: Q8VCR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed predominantly in the liver (at protein level).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Plays a pivotal role in hepatic lipid metabolism. In vitro, it catalyzes the oxidation of a variety of lipid substrates, including 17beta-estradiol, retinol, retinal, and leukotriene B4.

10090:Agap3
gene id: 10090:Agap3
uniprot id: F8VQE9
uniprot id: Q8BV81
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the centaurin gamma-like family.

10090:Htatsf1
gene id: 10090:Htatsf1
uniprot id: Q8BGC0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HTATSF1 family.
messages: Component of a complex which is at least composed of HTATSF1/Tat-SF1, the P-TEFb complex components CDK9 and CCNT1, RNA polymerase II, SUPT5H, and NCL/nucleolin. Interacts with GTF2F2/RAP30 and POLR2A. Interacts with SF3A2/SAP62 and the spliceosomal U small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) (By similarity). Interacts with TCERG1/CA150.
messages: Functions as a general transcription factor playing a role in the process of transcriptional elongation. May mediate the reciprocal stimulatory effect of splicing on transcriptional elongation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RRM domains mediate interaction with U snRNPs.

10090:Wfdc1
gene id: 10090:Wfdc1
uniprot id: Q9ESH5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Has growth inhibitory activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ddo
gene id: 10090:Ddo
uniprot id: A0A1L1SS55
uniprot id: A0A1L1SS65
uniprot id: Q2UVA9
uniprot id: Q922Z0
uniprot id: Q9CYP3
uniprot id: Q9D2B4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DAMOX/DASOX family.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Selectively catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-aspartate and its N-methylated derivative, N-methyl D-aspartate.

10090:Ccdc59
gene id: 10090:Ccdc59
uniprot id: Q8R2N0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TAP26 family.
messages: Component of the transcription complexes of the pulmonary surfactant-associated protein-B (SFTPB) and -C (SFTPC). Enhances homeobox protein Nkx-2.1-activated SFTPB and SFTPC promoter activities (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with NKX2-1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atm
gene id: 10090:Atm
uniprot id: B9EHX4
uniprot id: Q62388
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation, on DNA damage, is required for activation of the kinase activity, dimer-monomer transition, and subsequent autophosphorylation on Ser-1987. Acetylated in vitro by KAT5/TIP60. Deacetylated by SIRT7 during the late stages of DNA damage response, promoting ATM dephosphorylation and subsequent deactivation.
messages: Atm-disrupted mice recapitulate the human ataxia telangiectasia phenotype. Mice homozygous for the disrupted Atm allele display growth retardation, neurologic dysfunction, male and female infertility secondary to the absence of mature gametes, defects in T lymphocyte maturation, and extreme sensitivity to gamma-irradiation.
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. ATM subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Expressed in brain, skeletal muscle, testis, followed by spleen, lung, kidney, heart, liver and thymus. Ubiquitously expressed in embryonal tissues.
messages: Highest expression in embryonic central nervous system, from 13.5 dpc day and during the whole cerebellar development. Decreased expression when maturation occurs.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Dimers or tetramers in inactive state. On DNA damage, autophosphorylation dissociates ATM into monomers rendering them catalytically active. Binds DNA ends, p53/TP53, ABL1, BRCA1, NBN/nibrin and TERF1. Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the RAD50-MRE11-NBN protein complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. DNA damage promotes association with RAD17. Interacts with EEF1E1; the interaction, induced on DNA damage, up-regulates TP53. Interacts with DCLRE1C, MYST1, KAT5, NABP2, ATMIN and CEP164 (By similarity). Interacts with AP2B1 and AP3B2; the interaction occurs in cytoplasmic vesicles (PubMed:9707615). Interacts with TELO2 and TTI1. Interacts with DDX1 (By similarity). Interacts with BRAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with CYREN (via XLF motif) (PubMed:30017584). Interacts (via microbody targeting signal) with PEX5; promoting translocation to peroxisomes in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by wortmannin.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Peroxisome matrix
messages: Phosphorylated by NUAK1/ARK5 (By similarity). Autophosphorylation on Ser-367, Ser-1899, Ser-1987 correlates with DNA damage-mediated activation of the kinase.
messages: Phosphorylated by NUAK1/ARK5. Autophosphorylation on Ser-367, Ser-1899, Ser-1987 correlates with DNA damage-mediated activation of the kinase. During the late stages of DNA damage response, dephosphorylated following deacetylation by SIRT7, leading to ATM deactivation.
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor (PubMed:19047460). Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q (PubMed:19047460). Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism (PubMed:11571274). Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospecific recognition by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expressed on individual B-lymphocytes (By similarity). After the introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele, acts by mediating a repositioning of the second allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, preventing accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele (PubMed:19448632). Also involved in signal transduction and cell cycle control (By similarity). May function as a tumor suppressor (By similarity). Necessary for activation of ABL1 and SAPK (By similarity). Phosphorylates DYRK2, CHEK2, p53/TP53, FBXW7, FANCD2, NFKBIA, BRCA1, CTIP, nibrin (NBN), TERF1, UFL1, RAD9, UBQLN4 and DCLRE1C (By similarity). May play a role in vesicle and/or protein transport (By similarity). Could play a role in T-cell development, gonad and neurological function (By similarity). Binds DNA ends (By similarity). Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation (By similarity). Phosphorylation of DYRK2 in nucleus in response to genotoxic stress prevents its MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation (By similarity). Phosphorylates ATF2 which stimulates its function in DNA damage response (By similarity). Phosphorylates ERCC6 which is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity at DNA double-strand breaks (By similarity). Phosphorylate…
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism. Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospecific recognition by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expressed on individual B-lymphocytes. After the introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele, acts by mediating a repositioning of the second allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, preventing accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele. Also involved in signal transduction and cell cycle control. May function as a tumor suppressor. Necessary for activation of ABL1 and SAPK. Phosphorylates DYRK2, CHEK2, p53/TP53, FANCD2, NFKBIA, BRCA1, CTIP, nibrin (NBN), TERF1, RAD9, UBQLN4 and DCLRE1C. May play a role in vesicle and/or protein transport. Could play a role in T-cell development, gonad and neurological function. Binds DNA ends. Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Phosphorylation of DYRK2 in nucleus in response to genotoxic stress prevents its MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation. Phosphorylates ATF2 which stimulates its function in DNA damage response. Phosphorylates ERCC6 which is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity at DNA double-strand breaks.
messages: The FATC domain is required for interaction with KAT5.
messages: centrosome

10090:Amot
gene id: 10090:Amot
uniprot id: Q8VHG2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Motus' means 'motility' in Latin.
messages: Belongs to the angiomotin family.
messages: Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, PALS1, PATJ and PARD3/PAR3. Interacts with MAGI1 and angiostatin (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and placenta.
messages: Plays a central role in tight junction maintenance via the complex formed with ARHGAP17, which acts by regulating the uptake of polarity proteins at tight junctions. Appears to regulate endothelial cell migration and tube formation. May also play a role in the assembly of endothelial cell-cell junctions (By similarity).
messages: Polyubiquitinated by NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: The angiostatin binding domain (850-1047) allows the binding to angiostatin.
messages: The coiled coil domain interacts directly with the BAR domain of ARHGAP17.
messages: tight junction

10090:Tgfbi
gene id: 10090:Tgfbi
uniprot id: A1L353
uniprot id: P82198
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to type I, II, and IV collagens.
messages: Expressed in heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, testis, thyroid and uterus (PubMed:8024701).
messages: Expressed in the embryo at 12 dpc (PubMed:8024701).
messages: Gamma-carboxylation is controversial. Gamma-carboxyglutamated; gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation; this may be required for calcium binding. According to a more recent report, does not contain vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamate residues.
messages: Plays a role in cell adhesion (PubMed:8024701). May play a role in cell-collagen interactions (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The EMI domain contains 2 expected intradomain disulfide bridges (Cys-49-Cys85 and Cys-84-Cys-97) and one unusual interdomain disulfide bridge to the second FAS1 domain (Cys-74-Cys-339). This arrangement violates the predicted disulfide bridge pattern of an EMI domain.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Pycrl
gene id: 10090:Pycrl
uniprot id: Q9DCC4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Proline is synthesized from either glutamate or ornithine; both are converted to pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), and then to proline via pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases (PYCRs). PYCRL is exclusively linked to the conversion of ornithine to proline.
messages: Homodecamer; composed of 5 homodimers.

10090:Aida
gene id: 10090:Aida
uniprot id: Q8C4Q6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a ventralizing factor during embryogenesis (By similarity). Inhibits axin-mediated JNK activation by binding axin and disrupting axin homodimerization. This in turn antagonizes a Wnt/beta-catenin-independent dorsalization pathway activated by AXIN/JNK-signaling.
messages: Belongs to the AIDA family.
messages: Interacts with AXIN1.

10090:H3c3
gene id: 10090:H3c3
uniprot id: B9EI85
uniprot id: P84228
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Tm2d2
gene id: 10090:Tm2d2
uniprot id: Q8R0I4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TM2 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Acer3
gene id: 10090:Acer3
uniprot id: Q9D099
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Ca(2+) and inhibited by Zn(2+).
messages: Belongs to the alkaline ceramidase family.
messages: Down-regulated in immune cells and colonic epithelial cells by lipopolysaccharides/LPS.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi ceramidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of unsaturated long-chain C18:1-, C20:1- and C20:4-ceramides, dihydroceramides and phytoceramides into sphingoid bases like sphingosine and free fatty acids at alkaline pH (PubMed:26474409). Ceramides, sphingosine, and its phosphorylated form sphingosine-1-phosphate are bioactive lipids that mediate cellular signaling pathways regulating several biological processes including cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation (PubMed:26474409). Controls the generation of sphingosine in erythrocytes, and thereby sphingosine-1-phosphate in plasma (By similarity). Through the regulation of ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate homeostasis in the brain may play a role in neurons survival and function (PubMed:26474409). By regulating the levels of pro-inflammatory ceramides in immune cells and tissues, may modulate the inflammatory response (PubMed:26938296).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable and do not display overt phenotype with regard to fertility, body weight and anatomy (PubMed:26474409). They exhibit a decrease in ceramidase activity in brain, liver and lung tissues leading to the age-dependent accumulation of unsaturated long-chain C18:1-ceramides and the concomitant decrease in sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (PubMed:26474409). This is associated with a premature degeneration of Purkinje cells and age-dependent defects in motor coordination, skilled hindlimb function and balance capabilities (PubMed:26474409). Knockout mice also display exacerbated systemic inflammatory response (PubMed:26938296).
messages: Up-regulated with age in cerebeLlum and cerebrum.

10090:Gpr142
gene id: 10090:Gpr142
uniprot id: A2AD24
uniprot id: Q1XA02
uniprot id: Q7TQN9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Fcgrt
gene id: 10090:Fcgrt
uniprot id: Q61559
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface receptor that transfers passive humoral immunity from the mother to the newborn. Binds to the Fc region of monomeric immunoglobulin gamma and mediates its selective uptake from milk (PubMed:7504013). IgG in the milk is bound at the apical surface of the intestinal epithelium. The resultant FcRn-IgG complexes are transcytosed across the intestinal epithelium and IgG is released from FcRn into blood or tissue fluids. Throughout life, contributes to effective humoral immunity by recycling IgG and extending its half-life in the circulation. Mechanistically, monomeric IgG binding to FcRn in acidic endosomes of endothelial and hematopoietic cells recycles IgG to the cell surface where it is released into the circulation. In addition of IgG, regulates homeostasis of the other most abundant circulating protein albumin/ALB.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: FcRn complex consists of two subunits: p51, and p14 which is equivalent to beta-2-microglobulin. It forms an MHC class I-like heterodimer. Interacts with albumin/ALB; this interaction regulates ALB homeostasis.
messages: Intestinal epithelium of suckling rodents. Expressed in neonatal intestine and fetal yolk sac.

10090:Magee1
gene id: 10090:Magee1
uniprot id: Q6PCZ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in cell bodies and dendrites of hippocampal and Purkinje neurons. Also expressed in peripheral nerve, where it localizes to the perineurium and myelin (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in brain and at low levels in the heart, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, lung, thymus, placenta and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with DTNA. Interacts with TRIM28 (By similarity).
messages: May enhance ubiquitin ligase activity of RING-type zinc finger-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Proposed to act through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Mug1
gene id: 10090:Mug1
uniprot id: P28665
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A proteinase activates the inhibitor by specific proteolysis in the bait region, which, by an unknown mechanism leads to reaction at the cysteinyl-glutamyl internal thiol ester site and to a conformational change, whereby the proteinase is trapped and/or covalently bound to the inhibitor. While in the tetrameric proteinase inhibitors steric inhibition is sufficiently strong, monomeric forms need a covalent linkage between the activated glutamyl residue of the original thiol ester and a terminal amino group of a lysine or another nucleophilic group on the proteinase, for inhibition to be effective.
messages: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I39 (alpha-2-macroglobulin) family.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Plasma.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gldc
gene id: 10090:Gldc
uniprot id: Q91W43
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GcvP family.
messages: Interacts with GCSH (By similarity). Homodimer. The glycine cleavage system is composed of four proteins: P (GLDC), T (GCST), L (DLD) and H (GCSH) (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Stimulated by lipoic acid. Inhibited in presence of methylamine (By similarity).
messages: The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine. The P protein (GLDC) binds the alpha-amino group of glycine through its pyridoxal phosphate cofactor; CO(2) is released and the remaining methylamine moiety is then transferred to the lipoamide cofactor of the H protein (GCSH) (By similarity).

10090:Reln
gene id: 10090:Reln
uniprot id: Q60841
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the reelin family.
messages: Defects in Reln are the cause of the autosomal recessive reeler (rl) phenotype which is characterized by impaired motor coordination, tremors and ataxia. Neurons in affected mice fail to reach their correct locations in the developing brain, disrupting the organization of the cerebellar and cerebral cortices and other laminated regions.
messages: Extracellular matrix serine protease that plays a role in layering of neurons in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Regulates microtubule function in neurons and neuronal migration. Affects migration of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord, where it seems to act as a barrier to neuronal migration. Enzymatic activity is important for the modulation of cell adhesion. Binding to the extracellular domains of lipoprotein receptors VLDLR and LRP8/APOER2 induces tyrosine phosphorylation of DAB1 and modulation of TAU phosphorylation.
messages: First detected at embryonic day 11.5. Expression increases up to birth and remains high from postnatal day 2 to 11 in both cerebellum and fore/midbrain. Expression declines thereafter and is largely brain specific in the adult.
messages: N-glycosylated and to a lesser extent also O-glycosylated.
messages: Oligomer of disulfide-linked homodimers. Binds to the ectodomains of VLDLR and LRP8/APOER2.
messages: The basic C-terminal region is essential for secretion.
messages: The major isoform 1 is neuron-specific. It is abundantly produced during brain ontogenesis by the Cajal-Retzius cells and other pioneer neurons located in the telencephalic marginal zone and by granule cells of the external granular layer of the cerebellum. Expression is located in deeper layers in the developing hippocampus and olfactory bulb, low levels of expression are also detected in the immature striatum. At early developmental stages, expressed also in hypothalamic differentiation fields, tectum and spinal cord. A moderate to low level of expression occurs in the septal area, striatal fields, habenular nuclei, some thalamic nuclei, particularly the lateral geniculate, the retina and some nuclei of the reticular formation in the central field of the medulla. Very low levels found in liver and kidney. No expression in radial glial cells, cortical plate, Purkinje cells and inferior olivary neurons. The minor isoform 2 is only expressed in non neuronal cells. The minor isoform 3 is found in the same cells as isoform 1, but is almost undetectable in retina and brain stem.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ptprj
gene id: 10090:Ptprj
uniprot id: A2AWF8
uniprot id: A2AWF9
uniprot id: E9Q4S7
uniprot id: Q64455
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 3 subfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at 11.5 dpc in presumptive macrophages concentrated in the liver and scattered throughout the embryonic mesenchyme. Expressed at 11.5 and 12.5 dpc in the developing eye and in the ganglia and processes of cranial and spinal nerves constituting the PNS.
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain, kidney, spleen and intestine, and at lower levels in liver, lung, thymus and heart. Expressed at a high level in the myeloid cell line FDC-P2, and at a lower level in the pre-B lymphoid cell line WEHI-231 and the T hybridoma cell line HB21.7.31. Not expressed in the fibroblast cell line NIH3T3 or the erythroid cell line F5-5. Expressed in macrophages.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with CTNNB1 (phosphorylated) and JUP (phosphorylated). Interacts with FLT3 (phosphorylated). Interacts with GAB1 and GRB2 (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase which dephosphorylates or contributes to the dephosphorylation of CTNND1, FLT3, PDGFRB, MET, KDR, LYN, SRC, MAPK1, MAPK3, EGFR, TJP1, OCLN, PIK3R1 and PIK3R2 (By similarity). Plays a role in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:18249142). Involved in vascular development (PubMed:12588999). May be involved in the mechanism of contact inhibition of cell growth (PubMed:12771128). Regulator of macrophage adhesion and spreading (PubMed:19268662). Positively affects cell-matrix adhesion (PubMed:12833140). Positive regulator of platelet activation and thrombosis (PubMed:19246339). Negative regulator of cell proliferation (By similarity). Negative regulator of PDGF-stimulated cell migration; through dephosphorylation of PDGFR (PubMed:12833140). Positive regulator of endothelial cell survival, as well as of VEGF-induced SRC and AKT activation; through KDR dephosphorylation (By similarity). Negative regulator of EGFR signaling pathway; through EGFR dephosphorylation (By similarity). Enhances the barrier function of epithelial junctions during reassembly (By similarity). Negatively regulates T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling (By similarity). Upon T-cell TCR activation, it is up-regulated and excluded from the immunological synapses, while upon T-cell-antigen presenting cells (APC) disengagement, it is no longer excluded and can dephosphorylate PLCG1 and LAT to down-regulate prolongation of signaling (PubMed:12913111).
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Tubb4a
gene id: 10090:Tubb4a
uniprot id: Q9D6F9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: The highly acidic C-terminal region may bind cations such as calcium.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or4f54
gene id: 10090:Or4f54
uniprot id: Q8VF39
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Septin2
gene id: 10090:Septin2
uniprot id: E9Q3V6
uniprot id: P42208
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Coordinated expression with SEPTIN6 and SEPTIN7.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 17 dpc in the brain with levels remaining relatively stable up to adulthood (at protein level).
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase. Forms a filamentous structure with SEPTIN12, SEPTIN6, SEPTIN2 and probably SEPTIN4 at the sperm annulus which is required for the structural integrity and motility of the sperm tail during postmeiotic differentiation (By similarity). Required for normal organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the biogenesis of polarized columnar-shaped epithelium by maintaining polyglutamylated microtubules, thus facilitating efficient vesicle transport, and by impeding MAP4 binding to tubulin. Required for the progression through mitosis. Forms a scaffold at the midplane of the mitotic splindle required to maintain CENPE localization at kinetochores and consequently chromosome congression. During anaphase, may be required for chromosome segregation and spindle elongation. Plays a role in ciliogenesis and collective cell movements (By similarity). In cilia, required for the integrity of the diffusion barrier at the base of the primary cilium that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes: probably acts by regulating the assembly of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex) by localizing TMEM231 protein.
messages: Midbody
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments, and associate with cellular membranes, actin filaments and microtubules (By similarity). GTPase activity is required for filament formation (By similarity). Septin filaments are assembled from asymmetrical heterotrimers, composed of SEPTIN2, SEPTIN6 and SEPTIN7 that associate head-to-head to form a hexameric unit (By similarity). Interaction between SEPTIN2 and SEPTIN7 seems indirect (By similarity). Interacts also with SEPTIN9 and SEPTIN5 (PubMed:11739749). Interaction with SEPTIN4 not detected (PubMed:11739749). Component of a septin core octameric complex consisting of SEPTIN12, SEPTIN7, SEPTIN6 and SEPTIN2 or SEPTIN4 in the order 12-7-6-2-2-6-7-12 or 12-7-6-4-4-6-7-12 and located in the sperm annulus (By similarity). Interacts with MAP4 (By similarity). Interacts with DZIP1L (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cilium membrane
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: flagellum
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Defb15
gene id: 10090:Defb15
uniprot id: Q8R2I5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed in testis and to a lesser extent in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda). Also weakly expressed in kidneys and colon.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cdc27
gene id: 10090:Cdc27
uniprot id: A2A6Q5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APC3/CDC27 family.
messages: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5 (By similarity). Interacts with RB. Interacts with FAM168B/MANI (PubMed:20716133). Interacts with MCPH1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-427 and Thr-447 occurs specifically during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: spindle

10090:Tmem52
gene id: 10090:Tmem52
uniprot id: Q9D702
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Agbl4
gene id: 10090:Agbl4
uniprot id: E4W7Y4
uniprot id: Q09LZ8
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with MYLK.
messages: Metallocarboxypeptidase that mediates protein deglutamylation of tubulin and non-tubulin target proteins (PubMed:21074048, PubMed:25103237, PubMed:26829768, PubMed:29593216). Catalyzes the removal of polyglutamate side chains present on the gamma-carboxyl group of glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of tubulin protein (PubMed:21074048, PubMed:25103237). Specifically cleaves tubulin long-side-chains, while it is not able to remove the branching point glutamate (PubMed:25103237). Also catalyzes the removal of polyglutamate residues from the carboxy-terminus of non-tubulin proteins such as MYLK (PubMed:21074048). Mediates the deglutamylation of nucleotidyltransferase CGAS, leading to CGAS antiviral defense response activation (PubMed:26829768). Involved in KLF4 deglutamylation which promotes KLF4 proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby negatively regulating cell pluripotency maintenance and embryogenesis (PubMed:29593216).
messages: Mice are more vulnerable to DNA virus infection due to impaired immune response. Knockout mice promote somatic cell reprogramming and higher litter size at birth (PubMed:29593216). Knockout blastocytes show enhanced development (PubMed:29593216).
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed abundantly in testis, pituitary and brain and to a lower extent in eye, stomach, adrenal and kidney. In brain, expressed at low level in cerebellum as compared to cortex.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytosol

10090:Zkscan4
gene id: 10090:Zkscan4
uniprot id: Q5SZT6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Morf4l2
gene id: 10090:Morf4l2
uniprot id: Q9R0Q4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which contains the catalytic subunit KAT5/TIP60 and the subunits EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, ING3, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, MORF4L1/MRG15, MORF4L2/MRGX, MRGBP, YEATS4/GAS41 and VPS72/YL1. The NuA4 complex interacts with MYC and the adenovirus E1A protein. MORF4L1 may also participate in the formation of NuA4 related complexes which lack the KAT5/TIP60 catalytic subunit, but which include the SWI/SNF related protein SRCAP. Component of the MSIN3A histone deacetylase complex, which includes SIN3A, HDAC2, ARID4B, MORF4L1, RBBP4/RbAp48, and RBBP7/RbAp46. Interacts with MRFAP1 and RB1. May also interact with one or more as yet undefined members of the TLE (transducin-like enhancer of split) family of transcriptional repressors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. This modification may both alter nucleosome - DNA interactions and promote interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription. This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The NuA4 complex ATPase and helicase activities seem to be, at least in part, contributed by the association of RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 with EP400. NuA4 may also play a direct role in DNA repair when directly recruited to sites of DNA damage. Also a component of the MSIN3A complex which acts to repress transcription by deacetylation of nucleosomal histones (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tmem69
gene id: 10090:Tmem69
uniprot id: Q3KQJ0
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cloning artifact.
messages: Membrane

10090:Safb2
gene id: 10090:Safb2
uniprot id: Q80YR5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR) DNA. Can function as an estrogen receptor corepressor and can also inhibit cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SAFB/SAFB1 and SCAM1. Interacts with SRPK1 and inhibits its activity.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ang4
gene id: 10090:Ang4
uniprot id: Q3TMQ6
uniprot id: W0UUX7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Detected in small intestine, caecum and colon, with the highest expression in Paneth cells in the intestinal epithelium.
messages: Has bactericidal activity against E.faecalis and L.monocytogenes, but not against L.innocua and E.coli. Promotes angiogenesis (in vitro). Has low ribonuclease activity (in vitro). Promotes proliferation of melanoma cells, but not of endothelial cells or fibroblasts (in vitro).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in small intestine by contact with normal intestinal microflora. Expressed at very low levels in intestine from germ-free mice.
messages: nucleolus
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Or5t16
gene id: 10090:Or5t16
uniprot id: Q7TR59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Wdr83os
gene id: 10090:Wdr83os
uniprot id: Q6ZWX0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Asterix family.
messages: Component of the PAT complex, composed of WDR83OS/Asterix and CCDC47. The PAT complex is part of the multi-pass translocon (MPT) complex, composed of three subcomplexes, the GEL complex (composed of RAB5IF/OPTI and TMCO1), the BOS complex (composed of NCLN/Nicalin, NOMO1 and TMEM147) and the PAT complex (composed of WDR83OS/Asterix and CCDC47). The MPT complex associates with the SEC61 complex.
messages: Component of the multi-pass translocon (MPT) complex that mediates insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins into the lipid bilayer of membranes. The MPT complex takes over after the SEC61 complex: following membrane insertion of the first few transmembrane segments of proteins by the SEC61 complex, the MPT complex occludes the lateral gate of the SEC61 complex to promote insertion of subsequent transmembrane regions (By similarity). Within the MPT complex, the PAT subcomplex sequesters any highly polar regions in the transmembrane domains away from the non-polar membrane environment until they can be buried in the interior of the fully assembled protein. Within the PAT subcomplex, WDR83OS/Asterix binds to and redirects the substrate to a location behind the SEC61 complex (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the liver.

10090:Eid2
gene id: 10090:Eid2
uniprot id: Q6X7S9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, kidney and pancreas. Not detected in placenta.
messages: First detected at 10.5 dpc with highest expression at 11.5 dpc. Expression decreases during later stages of development at 12.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Heterodimer with EID2B. Interacts with the C-terminus of EP300. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2. Interacts with SMAD2, SMAD4 and with the MH2 domain of SMAD3 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with EP300 and acts as a repressor of MYOD-dependent transcription and muscle differentiation. Inhibits EP300 histone acetyltransferase activity. Acts as a repressor of TGFB/SMAD transcriptional responses. May act as a repressor of the TGFB/SMAD3-dependent signaling by selectively blocking formation of TGFB-induced SMAD3-SMAD4 complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal portion of EID2 is required for nuclear localization.

10090:Gsk3a
gene id: 10090:Gsk3a
uniprot id: Q2NL51
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-279. In response to insulin, inhibited by phosphorylation at Ser-21 by PKB/AKT1; phosphorylation at this site causes a conformational change, preventing access of substrates to the active site. Inhibited by lithium.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.
messages: Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC and AXIN1 (PubMed:15791206, PubMed:17908561). Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates (PubMed:22539723). Contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis (PubMed:15791206, PubMed:17908561). Regulates glycogen metabolism in liver, but not in muscle (PubMed:17908561). May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors (By similarity). In Wnt signaling, regulates the level and transcriptional activity of nuclear CTNNB1/beta-catenin (PubMed:15791206). Facilitates amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the generation of APP-derived amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer disease (By similarity). May be involved in the regulation of replication in pancreatic beta-cells (By similarity). Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth (PubMed:17391670). Through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, may control cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation (PubMed:16543145). Acts as a regulator of autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of KAT5/TIP60 under starvation conditions, activating KAT5/TIP60 acetyltransferase activity and promoting acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer (PubMed:22539723). Negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Promotes the formation of an anti-apoptotic complex, made of DDX3X, BRIC2 and GSK3B, at death receptors, including TNFRSF10B. The anti-apoptotic function is most effective with weak apoptotic signals and can be overcome by stronger stimulation (By similarity).
messages: Enhanced glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, increased activity of hepatic glycogen synthase, elevated hepatic glycogen storage and reduced fat mass.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with AXIN1 and CTNNB1/beta-catenin (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB2 (PubMed:16051150). Interacts with CTNND2 (By similarity). Interacts with LMBR1L (By similarity). Interacts with DDX3X (By similarity). Interacts with TNFRSF10B (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by AKT1 at Ser-21: upon insulin-mediated signaling, the activated PKB/AKT1 protein kinase phosphorylates and deactivates GSK3A, resulting in the dephosphorylation and activation of GYS1. Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-279.

10090:Mob1a
gene id: 10090:Mob1a
uniprot id: Q921Y0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activator of LATS1/2 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. Stimulates the kinase activity of STK38 and STK38L. Acts cooperatively with STK3/MST2 to activate STK38 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MOB1/phocein family.
messages: Binds STK38 and STK38L. Interacts with LATS1 and LATS2 (By similarity). Forms a tripartite complex with STK38 and STK3/MST2 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 and this phosphorylation enhances its binding to LATS1.

10090:Vmn1r171
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r171
uniprot id: Q9EPS6
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Kcnc1
gene id: 10090:Kcnc1
uniprot id: P15388
uniprot id: Q3UHB6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. C (Shaw) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv3.1/KCNC1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in cerebellum (PubMed:11517255, PubMed:15217387). Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:9037088). Detected in brain (PubMed:9037088).
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNG3, KCNG4 and KCNV2 (By similarity). Heteromultimer with KCNC2 (By similarity). Heterotetramer with KCNC3 (By similarity). Interacts with the ancillary subunits KCNE1 and KCNE2; the interaction modulates channel activity (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. They are viable and fertile, but have lower body weight than wild-type. They have normal spontaneous locomotor activity, but impaired motor skills (PubMed:9037088). Mice lacking both Kcnc3 and Kcnc1 are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but the pups do not thrive and all die about 26 days after birth when kept together with other littermates. Their failure to thrive may be due to motor problems; mutant pups survive when fed separately, but 45 days after birth their body weight is only 50 to 60 % of that of wild-type (PubMed:11517255). They appear uncoordinated and display severe ataxia, myoclonus and spontaneous whole-body muscle jerks, but display no obvious alterations in brain morphology (PubMed:11517255, PubMed:15217387, PubMed:16923152). Mutant mice are also much more sensitive to ethanol and fall sideways at ethanol concentrations that have no effect on wild-type mice (PubMed:11517255). They display increased locomotor and exploratory activity (PubMed:11517255, PubMed:15217387). Mice lacking Kcnc1 show reduced response to tremorogenic agent harmaline; mice lacking both Kcnc3 and Kcnc1 are resistant to the tremorogenic agent harmaline (PubMed:15217387).
messages: N-glycosylated; contains sialylated glycans.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: The tail may be important in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: Voltage-gated potassium channel that plays an important role in the rapid repolarization of fast-firing brain neurons. The channel opens in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, forming a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (PubMed:2599109, PubMed:1400413). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNC2, and possibly other family members as well. Contributes to fire sustained trains of very brief action potentials at high frequency in pallidal neurons.
messages: axon

10090:Rps6
gene id: 10090:Rps6
uniprot id: P62754
uniprot id: Q5BLK1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
messages: Component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit. Plays an important role in controlling cell growth and proliferation through the selective translation of particular classes of mRNA (PubMed:36517592). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (By similarity).
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylation at Glu-35 by PARP16 inhibits polysome assembly and mRNA loading, thereby inhibiting protein translation.
messages: Ribosomal protein S6 is the major substrate of protein kinases in eukaryote ribosomes. The phosphorylation is stimulated by growth factors, tumor promoting agents, and mitogens. It is dephosphorylated at growth arrest. Phosphorylated at Ser-235 and Ser-236 by RPS6KA1 and RPS6KA3; phosphorylation at these sites facilitates the assembly of the pre-initiation complex.
messages: Specifically hydroxylated (with R stereochemistry) at C-3 of Arg-137 by KDM8.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Crem
gene id: 10090:Crem
uniprot id: D3YXV5
uniprot id: D3Z011
uniprot id: D3Z7M6
uniprot id: E9PV35
uniprot id: E9PWV9
uniprot id: P27699
uniprot id: Q3TTH6
uniprot id: Q9CQ87
uniprot id: Q9D599
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer (By similarity). Interacts with CDC34 (By similarity). Interacts with FHL5 (PubMed:10086359). May interact with TSSK4 (PubMed:26940607). Isoform 1 forms a heterodimer with CREB3L4 (PubMed:16595651).
messages: CREM-null deficient mice display male infertility: while spermatogonia differentiate normally into round spermatids, all the elongating spermatids are eliminated by apoptosis during spermiogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the testis.
messages: In premeiotic germ cells, expressed at low amounts in the antagonist form. Subsequently, during spermatogenesis, isoform 1 (activator) is generated exclusively and in extremely high amounts.
messages: Isoform 11 is expressed in a circadian manner in the adrenal gland with an expression peak at ZT20 (at protein level). It is induced by cAMP in an immediate-early fashion and can repress its own production via a negative autoregulatory mechanism.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian clock: acts as a transcriptional repressor of the core circadian component PER1 by directly binding to cAMP response elements in its promoter.
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Stimulated by phosphorylation (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-116 by TSSK4 in vitro.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that binds the cAMP response element (CRE), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Isoforms are either transcriptional activators or repressors. Isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 4 are repressors, while isoform 1 is an activator. Plays a role in spermatogenesis and is involved in spermatid maturation. Binding of isoform 1 (activator) to CRE is increased by CREB3L4. The CREM isoform 1-CREB3L4 heterodimer functions through CRE and may recruit HIRA to CRE to regulate histone exchange (PubMed:16595651).
messages: Ubiquitinated by CDC34 and RAD6B in order to be degraded by the proteasome.

10090:Fgf17
gene id: 10090:Fgf17
uniprot id: P63075
uniprot id: Q0VF19
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Interacts with FGFR3 and FGFR4.
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development and as signaling molecule in the induction and patterning of the embryonic brain. Required for normal brain development.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zfp691
gene id: 10090:Zfp691
uniprot id: Q3TDE8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bcap31
gene id: 10090:Bcap31
uniprot id: Q61335
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BCAP29/BCAP31 family.
messages: Cleaved by CASP8 and other caspases.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Functions as a chaperone protein (PubMed:9396746). Is one of the most abundant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins (PubMed:9396746). Plays a role in the export of secreted proteins in the ER, the recognition of abnormally folded protein and their targeting to the ER associated-degradation (ERAD) (PubMed:9396746). Also serves as a cargo receptor for the export of transmembrane proteins (PubMed:15187134). Plays a role in the assembly of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) by stimulating the translocation of NDUFS4 and NDUFB11 from the cytosol to the mitochondria via interaction with TOMM40 (By similarity). In response to ER stress, delocalizes from the ER-mitochondria contact sites and binds BCL2 (By similarity). May be involved in CASP8-mediated apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer with BCAP29 (PubMed:8612576). Binds CASP8 (isoform 9) as a complex containing BCAP31, BCAP29, BCL2 and/or BCL2L1 (By similarity). Forms a complex (via C-terminus) with TOMM40 which mediates the translocation of components of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) from the cytosol to the mitochondria; within the complex BCAP31 interacts directly with unprocessed and processed NDUFS4 and NDUFB11. Interacts with VDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with VAMP3, VAMP1 and membrane IgD immunoglobulins (PubMed:9396746). Interacts with HACD2 (By similarity). Interacts with DNM1L; may form part of a larger protein complex at the endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial interface during mitochondrial fission (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Gcg
gene id: 10090:Gcg
uniprot id: P55095
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glucagon family.
messages: Induced in response to nutrient ingestion.
messages: May modulate gastric acid secretion and the gastro-pyloro-duodenal activity. May play an important role in intestinal mucosal growth in the early period of life.
messages: Plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes.
messages: Potent stimulator of glucose-dependent insulin release. Also stimulates insulin release in response to IL6 (PubMed:22037645). Plays important roles on gastric motility and the suppression of plasma glucagon levels. May be involved in the suppression of satiety and stimulation of glucose disposal in peripheral tissues, independent of the actions of insulin. Has growth-promoting activities on intestinal epithelium. May also regulate the hypothalamic pituitary axis (HPA) via effects on LH, TSH, CRH, oxytocin, and vasopressin secretion. Increases islet mass through stimulation of islet neogenesis and pancreatic beta cell proliferation. Inhibits beta cell apoptosis (Probable).
messages: Production by pancreatic and inestinal L cells is increased by exercise in an IL6-dependent manner (PubMed:22037645). High-fat diet increases pancreatic content (PubMed:22037645).
messages: Proglucagon is post-translationally processed in a tissue-specific manner in pancreatic A cells and intestinal L cells. In pancreatic A cells, the major bioactive hormone is glucagon cleaved by PCSK2/PC2. In the intestinal L cells PCSK1/PC1 liberates GLP-1, GLP-2, glicentin and oxyntomodulin. GLP-1 is further N-terminally truncated by post-translational processing in the intestinal L cells resulting in GLP-1(7-37) GLP-1-(7-36)amide. The C-terminal amidation is neither important for the metabolism of GLP-1 nor for its effects on the endocrine pancreas (By similarity).
messages: Release is stimulated by hypoglycemia and inhibited by hyperglycemia, insulin, and somatostatin.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted from enteroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract.
messages: Secreted from enteroendocrine cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Also secreted in selected neurons in the brain.
messages: Secreted in the A cells of the islets of Langerhans (PubMed:22037645). Secreted from enteroendocrine L cells throughout the gastrointestinal tract (PubMed:22037645). Also secreted in selected neurons in the brain.
messages: Secreted in the A cells of the islets of Langerhans.
messages: Significantly reduces food intake. Inhibits gastric emptying in humans. Suppression of gastric emptying may lead to increased gastric distension, which may contribute to satiety by causing a sensation of fullness.
messages: Stimulates intestinal growth and up-regulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. The gastrointestinal tract, from the stomach to the colon is the principal target for GLP-2 action. Plays a key role in nutrient homeostasis, enhancing nutrient assimilation through enhanced gastrointestinal function, as well as increasing nutrient disposal. Stimulates intestinal glucose transport and decreases mucosal permeability.

10090:Mtfr1l
gene id: 10090:Mtfr1l
uniprot id: Q9CWE0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MTFR1 family.

10090:Scarb2
gene id: 10090:Scarb2
uniprot id: O35114
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a lysosomal receptor for glucosylceramidase (GBA1) targeting.
messages: Acylated by palmitic acid group(s).
messages: Belongs to the CD36 family.
messages: Detected in the extracts of brain, heart, lung, liver and kidney.
messages: Heavily glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with GBA1.
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Zfp239
gene id: 10090:Zfp239
uniprot id: P24399
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Preferentially expressed in transformed mouse cells.

10090:Clta
gene id: 10090:Clta
uniprot id: B1AWD8
uniprot id: B1AWD9
uniprot id: B1AWE0
uniprot id: B1AWE1
uniprot id: Q6PFA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the clathrin light chain family.
messages: Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: coated pit

10090:Ppp1r9a
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r9a
uniprot id: H3BJD6
uniprot id: Q7TN74
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Alkbh8
gene id: 10090:Alkbh8
uniprot id: Q80Y20
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the alkB family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the methylation of 5-carboxymethyl uridine to 5-methylcarboxymethyl uridine at the wobble position of the anticodon loop in tRNA via its methyltransferase domain (PubMed:20123966). Catalyzes the last step in the formation of 5-methylcarboxymethyl uridine at the wobble position of the anticodon loop in target tRNA (PubMed:20123966). Has a preference for tRNA(Arg) and tRNA(Glu), and does not bind tRNA(Lys) (By similarity). Binds tRNA and catalyzes the iron and alpha-ketoglutarate dependent hydroxylation of 5-methylcarboxymethyl uridine at the wobble position of the anticodon loop in tRNA via its dioxygenase domain, giving rise to 5-(S)-methoxycarbonylhydroxymethyluridine; has a preference for tRNA(Gly) (PubMed:20583019). Required for normal survival after DNA damage (By similarity). May inhibit apoptosis and promote cell survival and angiogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TRMT112.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The Fe2OG dioxygenase domain does not have demethylase activity with methylated nucleotides.

10090:Prmt6
gene id: 10090:Prmt6
uniprot id: Q6NZB1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arginine methyltransferase that can catalyze the formation of both omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and asymmetrical dimethylarginine (aDMA), with a strong preference for the formation of aDMA (PubMed:22904064, PubMed:26070566). Preferentially methylates arginyl residues present in a glycine and arginine-rich domain and displays preference for monomethylated substrates (By similarity). Specifically mediates the asymmetric dimethylation of histone H3 'Arg-2' to form H3R2me2a (By similarity). H3R2me2a represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and is mutually exclusive with methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3) (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of various genes such as HOXA2, THBS1 and TP53 (PubMed:22904064). Repression of TP53 blocks cellular senescence (PubMed:22904064). Also methylates histone H2A and H4 'Arg-3' (H2AR3me and H4R3me, respectively) (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of DNA base excision during DNA repair by mediating the methylation of DNA polymerase beta (POLB), leading to the stimulation of its polymerase activity by enhancing DNA binding and processivity (By similarity). Methylates HMGA1 (By similarity). Regulates alternative splicing events (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of a number of steroid hormone receptors including ESR1, ESR2, PGR and NR3C1 (By similarity). Promotes fasting-induced transcriptional activation of the gluconeogenic program through methylation of the CRTC2 transcription coactivator (PubMed:24570487). Methylates GPS2, protecting GPS2 from ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:26070566). Methylates SIRT7, inhibiting SIRT7 histone deacetylase activity and promoting mitochondria biogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Automethylation enhances its stability.
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family. PRMT6 subfamily.
messages: Embryonic fibroblasts from mutant mice display growth defects, premature senescence and increased levels of TP53 and multiple TP53 targets. In liver, knockdown disrupts the formation of a cAMP-mediated transcription complex involving CRTC2, reduces the expression of genes encoding gluconeogenic factors and decreases glucose output in primary hepatocytes, it also restores euglycemia in insulin-resistant mice.
messages: Interacts with (and methylates) HIV-1 Tat, Rev and Nucleocapsid protein p7 (NC). Interacts with EPB41L3 and NCOA1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gnptab
gene id: 10090:Gnptab
uniprot id: Q69ZN6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the stealth family.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) markers on high mannose type oligosaccharides in the Golgi apparatus. M6P residues are required to bind to the M6P receptors (MPR), which mediate the vesicular transport of lysosomal enzymes to the endosomal/prelysosomal compartment.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Hexamer of two alpha, two beta and two gamma (GNPTG) subunits; disulfide-linked. The alpha and/or the beta subunits of the enzyme constitute the catalytic subunits. Interacts with LYSET; facilitates proper localization of GNPTAB.
messages: Severe retinal degeneration, growth retardation and secretory cell lesions. Mice are smaller with a reduced mean body weight and length, along with a reduction in total tissue mass and lean body mass. They show elevated levels of serum lysosomal enzymes, cartilage defects, and display cytoplasmic alterations in secretory cells of several exocrine glands.
messages: Stealth proteins are part of a protein family that is conserved from bacteria to higher eukaryotes. Family members were first identified in microbes as proteins that help pathogens to elude the host innate immune system. Microbial stealth proteins are most likely involved in the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides. Stealth proteins are predicted to function as hexose-1-phosphoryltransferases.
messages: The DMAP1-binding domain mediates substrate recognition. It specifically recognizes a conformation-dependent protein determinant present in acid hydrolases.
messages: The alpha- and beta-subunits are generated by a proteolytic cleavage by MBTPS1 protease at the Lys-907-Asp-908 bond.

10090:Spry2
gene id: 10090:Spry2
uniprot id: Q9QXV8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antagonist of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) pathways via inhibition of FGF-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (PubMed:29501879). Thereby acts as an antagonist of FGF-induced retinal lens fiber differentiation, may inhibit limb bud outgrowth and may negatively modulate respiratory organogenesis (PubMed:10498682, PubMed:10074434, PubMed:29501879). Inhibits TGFB-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in retinal lens epithelial cells (PubMed:25576668). Inhibits CBL/C-CBL-mediated EGFR ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: At 8.5 dpc, expressed in the primitive streak, rostral forebrain, cells lateral to the posterior hindbrain, anterior hindbrain and developing midbrain. At 9.5 dpc, continues to be expressed in the rostral forebrain and primitive streak, and is also detected in the branchial arches and the forelimb bud. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the somites, frontonasal processes, tailbud, and hindlimb bud (PubMed:10498682). Highly expressed in lung epithelial cells, primarily in the distal airways at 12 dpc (PubMed:10074434).
messages: Belongs to the sprouty family.
messages: Cleaved at Pro-143 by the prolyl endopeptidase FAP (seprase) activity (in vitro).
messages: Expressed in the testes and brain (at protein level) (PubMed:17974561, PubMed:10074434). In adult, highly expressed in the lung, heart and at lower levels in skeletal muscle and kidney (PubMed:10074434).
messages: Forms heterodimers with SPRY1 (PubMed:16877379). Forms a tripartite complex containing GAB1, METTL13 and SPRY2 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with METTL13 (By similarity). Interacts with RAF1 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with TESK1 (via C-terminus); the interaction disrupts SPRY2 interaction with GRB2, potentially via disruption of SPRY2 serine dephosphorylation (PubMed:17974561). Interacts with PPP2R1A/PP2A-A and PPP2CA/PP2A-C; the interaction with PPP2CA/PP2A-C is inhibited by interaction with TESK1, possibly by vesicular sequestration of SPRY2 (By similarity). Inhibition of the interaction with the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme results in loss of PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation, resulting in the loss of SPRY2 interaction with GRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with GRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with CBL/C-CBL; the interaction inhibits CBL-mediated ubiquitination of EGFR (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CAV1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:16877379).
messages: The Cys-rich domain is responsible for the localization of the protein to the membrane ruffles.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Tpt1
gene id: 10090:Tpt1
uniprot id: P63028
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TCTP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with STEAP3 (By similarity). Interacts with TSC22D1; interaction results in the destabilization of TSC22D1 protein (By similarity).
messages: Involved in calcium binding and microtubule stabilization (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of TSC22D1-mediated apoptosis, via interaction with and destabilization of TSC22D1 protein (By similarity).
messages: Preferentially synthesized in cells of the early growth phase of Ehrlich ascites tumor.

10090:C2cd5
gene id: 10090:C2cd5
uniprot id: Q7TPS5
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per C2 domain.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in liver, muscle and fat.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-197 by active myristoylated kinase AKT2; insulin-stimulated phosphorylation by AKT2 regulates SLC2A4/GLUT4 translocation into the plasma membrane.
messages: Required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport and glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 translocation from intracellular glucose storage vesicle (GSV) to the plasma membrane (PM) in adipocytes. Binds phospholipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner and is necessary for the optimal membrane fusion between SLC2A4/GLUT4 GSV and the PM.
messages: The C2 domain binds to calcium and membrane lipids.
messages: cell cortex
messages: ruffle

10090:Cacna1g
gene id: 10090:Cacna1g
uniprot id: E9PWL1
uniprot id: Q5SUF6
uniprot id: Q5SUF7
uniprot id: Q5SUG0
uniprot id: Q5SUG3
uniprot id: Q5SUG4
uniprot id: Q6ZPX4
uniprot id: Q9WUT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. This channel gives rise to T-type calcium currents. T-type calcium channels belong to the "low-voltage activated (LVA)" group and are strongly blocked by nickel and mibefradil. A particularity of this type of channels is an opening at quite negative potentials, and a voltage-dependent inactivation. T-type channels serve pacemaking functions in both central neurons and cardiac nodal cells and support calcium signaling in secretory cells and vascular smooth muscle. They may also be involved in the modulation of firing patterns of neurons which is important for information processing as well as in cell growth processes.

10090:Alkbh4
gene id: 10090:Alkbh4
uniprot id: Q9D8F1
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the alkB family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dioxygenase that mediates demethylation of actin monomethylated at 'Lys-84' (K84me1), thereby acting as a regulator of actomyosin-processes (By similarity). Demethylation of actin K84me1 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration (By similarity). In addition to proteins, also demethylates DNA: specifically demethylates DNA methylated on the 6th position of adenine (N(6)-methyladenosine) DNA, thereby regulating Polycomb silencing (PubMed:30982744).
messages: Embryonic lethality (PubMed:23673617). Conditional deletion in developing juvenile mice leads to spermatogenic defects (PubMed:25153837).
messages: Interacts with ZFHX3, MLLT3, MLLT1, HSF4, EP300, TES, EIF3C, MTMR6 and PSMA6.
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Taf4b
gene id: 10090:Taf4b
uniprot id: A0A3B2W725
uniprot id: G5E8Z2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TAF4 family.
messages: Cell type-specific subunit of the general transcription factor TFIID that may function as a gene-selective coactivator in certain cells. TFIID is a multimeric protein complex that plays a central role in mediating promoter responses to various activators asond repressors. TAF4B is a transcriptional coactivator of the p65/RELA NF-kappa-B subunit. Involved in the activation of a subset of antiapoptotic genes including TNFAIP3. Through interaction with OCBA/POU2AF1, acts as a coactivator of B-cell-specific transcription. Plays a role in spermiogenesis and oogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient female mice are infertile due to a granulosa cell defect preventing normal follicle formation. Deficient male are fertile when young, but subsequently exhibit an age-dependent progressive loss of germ cells and misregulation of several genes required for normal spermatogenesis.
messages: Highly expressed in the testes and ovary, whereas lower levels are detected in most other tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: TFIID is composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFs). Heterodimerizes with TAF12/TFII20 via the C-terminal H2A-like histone-fold domain. This heterodimer forms a histone-like octamer with the TAF6/TAFII70-TAF9/TAFII31 heterodimer. Interacts with P65/RELA homodimers and P65/RELA-REL heterodimers. Interaction with POU2AF1, via its C-terminal activation domain, is required for octamer-dependent transcription (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF628 (PubMed:31932482).

10090:Tapbpl
gene id: 10090:Tapbpl
uniprot id: Q8VD31
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the antigen processing and presentation pathway, which binds to MHC class I coupled with beta2-microglobulin/B2M. Association between TAPBPR and MHC class I occurs in the absence of a functional peptide-loading complex (PLC). Expression seems to slow down and down-regulate MHC class I surface expression.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Zfx
gene id: 10090:Zfx
uniprot id: B1ASD1
uniprot id: B7ZN32
uniprot id: P17012
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZFX/ZFY subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional activator.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown due to a duplication of 120 bp after position 480.

10090:Klf3
gene id: 10090:Klf3
uniprot id: Q60980
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Binds to the CACCC box of erythroid cell-expressed genes. May play a role in hematopoiesis.
messages: In 8.5 day embryos, expressed in midbrain, anterior hindbrain and ventral forebrain. In 9 day embryos, expressed throughout ventral anterior half of embryo including midbrain-hindbrain junction, ventral midbrain, diencephalon and forebrain. At 10.5 days, distribution is more widespread with expression also found in developing limb buds. Widely expressed in the adult.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1. Sumoylation is enhanced by PIAS1, PIAS2alpha and PIAS2beta, and PIAS4, but not by Pc2. Enhances transcriptional repression, but has no effect on DNA binding. Sumoylation on Lys-197 is the major site.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF3, the motif is inactive.

10090:Fam53a
gene id: 10090:Fam53a
uniprot id: E9PV82
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM53 family.
messages: May play an important role in neural development; the dorsomedial roof of the third ventricle.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn1r49
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r49
uniprot id: Q9WUF1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a subset of sensory neurons located in the apical layer of the vomeronasal organ.
messages: Mice show a disrupted pattern of axonal projections to the accessory olfactory bulb. Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Foxe1
gene id: 10090:Foxe1
uniprot id: Q8R2I0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 13.5 dpc, it is present in endoderm derivatives, such as tongue, palate, epiglottis, pharynx, and esophagus. Later in embryogenesis, it is detected in the choanae and whiskers.
messages: Expressed in Rathke pouch, in thyroid, and in the epithelium of the pharyngeal wall and arches, whereas it is absent in the epithelium of the pharyngeal pouches.
messages: Knockout mice die before hair formation. They exhibit cleft palate and either a sublingual or completely absent thyroid gland and show neonatal hypothyroidism.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Transcription factor that binds consensus sites on a variety of gene promoters and activate their transcription. Involved in proper palate formation, most probably through the expression of MSX1 and TGFB3 genes which are direct targets of this transcription factor (PubMed:21177256). Also implicated in thyroid gland morphogenesis (PubMed:9697704). May indirectly play a role in cell growth and migration through the regulation of WNT5A expression (By similarity).

10090:1700029J07Rik
gene id: 10090:1700029J07Rik
uniprot id: Q3U1D9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CFAP96 family.
messages: centrosome

10090:Tgfbr3
gene id: 10090:Tgfbr3
uniprot id: O88393
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to TGF-beta. Could be involved in capturing and retaining TGF-beta for presentation to the signaling receptors (By similarity). In gonadotrope cells, acts as an inhibin A coreceptor and regulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and female fertility (PubMed:34910520, PubMed:30364975).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Extensively modified by glycosaminoglycan (GAG), either chondroitin sulfate or heparan sulfate depending upon the tissue of origin.
messages: Gonadotrope-specific knockout females are supra-fertile with enhanced folliculogenesis, numbers of ovulated eggs per cycle and litter sizes relative to control mice (PubMed:30364975). Double knockout females for TGFBR3L and gonadotrope-specific TGFBR3 are infertile. They have increased serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), pituitary protein content relative to controls. They have larger ovaries with increased numbers of antral follicles and corpora lutea (PubMed:34910520).
messages: Interacts with DYNLT4.
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Slfn5
gene id: 10090:Slfn5
uniprot id: Q8CBA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Schlafen family. Subgroup III subfamily.
messages: May have a role in hematopoietic cell differentiation.

10090:Hba-a2
gene id: 10090:Hba-a2
uniprot id: Q91VB8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the globin family.

10090:Uba52
gene id: 10090:Uba52
uniprot id: P62984
uniprot id: Q5M9K3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the 60S subunit of the ribosome.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in proteotoxic stress response and cell cycle; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.
messages: Interacts with UBQLN1 (via UBA domain).
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylated at the C-terminus by PARP9, a component of the PPAR9-DTX3L complex. ADP-ribosylation requires processing by E1 and E2 enzymes and prevents ubiquitin conjugation to substrates such as histones.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-65 by PINK1 during mitophagy. Phosphorylated ubiquitin specifically binds and activates parkin (PRKN), triggering mitophagy. Phosphorylation does not affect E1-mediated E2 charging of ubiquitin but affects discharging of E2 enzymes to form polyubiquitin chains. It also affects deubiquitination by deubiquitinase enzymes such as USP30.
messages: Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. Uba52 and Rps27a genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins eL40 and eS31, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.

10090:Pramel31
gene id: 10090:Pramel31
uniprot id: B1ARV5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Nat8f6
gene id: 10090:Nat8f6
uniprot id: Q9JIY8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the camello family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has histone acetyltransferase activity in vitro, with specificity for histone H4.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Spata17
gene id: 10090:Spata17
uniprot id: Q9D552
names: Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-17 is the initiator.
messages: Strongly expressed in adult testis but weakly expressed in the spleen and thymus. Strongly expressed in round and elongating spermatids, and weakly or not expressed in spermatozoa.

10090:Bzw2
gene id: 10090:Bzw2
uniprot id: Q91VK1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BZW family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with EIF3E, EIF2S2 and EIF3C.
messages: Translation initiation regulator which represses non-AUG initiated translation and repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) initiated translation by acting as a competitive inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 (EIF5) function (By similarity). Increases the accuracy of translation initiation by impeding EIF5-dependent translation from non-AUG codons by competing with it for interaction with EIF2S2 within the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC) in an EIF3C-binding dependent manner (By similarity).

10090:4930453N24Rik
gene id: 10090:4930453N24Rik
uniprot id: Q3TTL0
names: Function
messages: May be involved in apoptosis regulation.

10090:Gdpd2
gene id: 10090:Gdpd2
uniprot id: Q9ESM6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in spleen, femur and calvaria.
messages: Has glycerophosphoinositol inositolphosphodiesterase activity and specifically hydrolyzes glycerophosphoinositol, with no activity for other substrates such as glycerophosphoinositol 4-phosphate, glycerophosphocholine, glycerophosphoethanolamine, and glycerophosphoserine. Accelerates the program of osteoblast differentiation and growth. May play a role in remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton.
messages: The catalytic domain of Gdpd2 is oriented extracellularly; Glycerophosphoinositol is hydrolyzed in the medium of cells overexpressing Gdpd2, whereas intracellular levels of glycerophosphoinositol is not affected.
messages: Up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation. Detected at low levels in mature osteoblasts.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Trappc5
gene id: 10090:Trappc5
uniprot id: Q9CQA1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
messages: Component of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex, which includes at least TRAPPC2, TRAPPC2L, TRAPPC3, TRAPPC3L, TRAPPC4, TRAPPC5, TRAPPC8, TRAPPC9, TRAPPC10, TRAPPC11 and TRAPPC12.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Ccdc39
gene id: 10090:Ccdc39
uniprot id: Q3TQ36
uniprot id: Q9D5Y1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCDC39 family.
messages: Required for assembly of dynein regulatory complex (DRC) and inner dynein arm (IDA) complexes, which are responsible for ciliary beat regulation, thereby playing a central role in motility in cilia and flagella. Probably acts together with CCDC40 to form a molecular ruler that determines the 96 nanometer (nm) repeat length and arrangements of components in cilia and flagella. Not required for outer dynein arm complexes assembly.
messages: Strongly expressed in tissues rich in ciliated cells. Expressed in olfactory and vomeronasal sensory neurons and the respiratory epithelium. Expressed in node cells carrying motile cilia, in upper and lower airways, and in ependymal and choroid plexus cells.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Vmn1r249
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r249
uniprot id: K9J7F4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Synj1
gene id: 10090:Synj1
uniprot id: D3Z656
uniprot id: E9Q7S0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the synaptojanin family.
messages: In the central section; belongs to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase family.

10090:Ildr1
gene id: 10090:Ildr1
uniprot id: Q8CBR1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. LISCH7 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed early in development.
messages: Expressed in the vestibule and in hair cells and supporting cells of the cochlea. Expressed in epithelial tissues. Highly expressed in colon but also detected in small intestine, bladder and lung (PubMed:23239027). In colon, expressed in the upper portion of the crypts (at protein level) (PubMed:23239027). Expressed in CCK secretory cells of the proximal small intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:23863714). Expressed in the organ of Corti, stria vascularis, utricle and saccule of the inner ear (PubMed:23239027, PubMed:25217574).
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with MARVELD2 and OCLN; the interaction is required to recruit MARVELD2 to tricellular contacts (PubMed:23239027). Interacts (via C-terminus) with TRA2A, TRA2B and SRSF1 (PubMed:28785060). Interacts with PLSCR1 (By similarity).
messages: Maintains epithelial barrier function by recruiting MARVELD2/tricellulin to tricellular tight junctions (tTJs) (PubMed:23239027). Crucial for normal hearing by maintaining the structural and functional integrity of tTJs, which are critical for the survival of auditory neurosensory HCs (PubMed:25217574). Mediates fatty acids and lipoproteins-stimulated CCK/cholecystokinin secretion in the small intestine (PubMed:23863714). In the inner ear, may regulate alternative pre-mRNA splicing via binding to TRA2A, TRA2B and SRSF1 (PubMed:28785060).
messages: Mutant mice have early-onset severe deafness associated with a rapid degeneration of cochlear hair cells but have a normal endocochlear potential (PubMed:25217574). Mutants show no increase in plasma CCK levels after orogastric gavage with fatty acids (PubMed:23863714).
messages: Nucleus
messages: tight junction

10090:B4galt4
gene id: 10090:B4galt4
uniprot id: Q9JJ04
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family.
messages: Galactose (Gal) transferase involved in the synthesis of terminal N-acetyllactosamine (LacNac) unit present on glycan chains of glycoproteins and glycosphingolipids. Catalyzes the transfer of Gal residue via a beta1->4 linkage from UDP-Gal to the non-reducing terminal N-acetyl glucosamine 6-O-sulfate (6-O-sulfoGlcNAc) in the linearly growing chain of both N- and O-linked keratan sulfate proteoglycans. Cooperates with B3GNT7 N-acetyl glucosamine transferase and CHST6 and CHST1 sulfotransferases to construct and elongate mono-and disulfated disaccharide units [->3Galbeta1->4(6-sulfoGlcNAcbeta)1->] and [->3(6-sulfoGalbeta)1->4(6-sulfoGlcNAcbeta)1->] within keratan sulfate polymer. Transfers Gal residue via a beta1->4 linkage to terminal 6-O-sulfoGlcNAc within the LacNac unit of core 2 O-glycans forming 6-sulfo-sialyl-Lewis X (sLex). May contribute to the generation of sLex epitope on mucin-type glycoproteins that serve as ligands for SELL/L-selectin, a major regulator of leukocyte migration. In the biosynthesis pathway of neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, transfers Gal residue via a beta1->4 linkage to terminal GlcNAc of a lactotriaosylceramide (Lc3Cer) acceptor to form a neolactotetraosylceramide.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with SLC35A2/UGT1.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cmklr2
gene id: 10090:Cmklr2
uniprot id: Q8K087
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like receptor (CMKLR) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice have normal body weight, adipose development, and tissue inflammation under physiologic conditions. However, when fed on a high-fat diet, Cmklr2 knockout mice develop heightened glucose intolerance, compared with WT, with no effect on body weight, percent body fat, or energy expenditure due to consumption of significantly less food. Moreover, mice lacking Cmklr2 exhibited reduced glucose-stimulated insulin levels and elevated glucose levels in a pyruvate tolerance test.
messages: High expressed in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle (PubMed:24895415). Expressed in hippocampus and cortex (PubMed:29799787).
messages: Receptor for chemoattractant adipokine chemerin/RARRES2 suggesting a role for this receptor in the regulation of inflammation and energy homesotasis (PubMed:24895415). Signals mainly via beta-arrestin pathway. Binding of RARRES2 activates weakly G proteins, calcium mobilization and MAPK1/MAPK3 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation too. Acts also as a receptor for TAFA1, mediates its effects on neuronal stem-cell proliferation and differentiation via the activation of ROCK/ERK and ROCK/STAT3 signaling pathway (PubMed:29799787).

10090:Matn1
gene id: 10090:Matn1
uniprot id: P51942
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cartilage matrix protein is a major component of the extracellular matrix of non-articular cartilage. It binds to collagen.
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with COMP (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Bfar
gene id: 10090:Bfar
uniprot id: Q8R079
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptosis regulator. Has anti-apoptotic activity, both for apoptosis triggered via death-receptors and via mitochondrial factors (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with CASP8, BCL2 and BCL2L1 through SAM domain and also with HIP1, IFT57, ESRRBL1 and BCAP31.

10090:Stxbp3
gene id: 10090:Stxbp3
uniprot id: Q60770
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with STX4. Interacts with DOC2B; the interaction is direct, occurs at the cell membrane, excludes interaction with STX4 and regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKC in platelets in response to thrombin stimulation; phosphorylation inhibits binding to STX4.
messages: Together with STX4 and VAMP2, may play a role in insulin-dependent movement of GLUT4 and in docking/fusion of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles with the cell surface in adipocytes.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues tested.
messages: cytosol

10090:Vmn1r26
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r26
uniprot id: Q8R2D7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gdf11
gene id: 10090:Gdf11
uniprot id: Q9Z1W4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Deficient mice die neonatally showing altered patterning of the axial skeleton and impaired renal, palate, stomach, spleen and pancreatic development.
messages: First strongly expressed in restricted domains at 8.5 dpc where it is highest in the tail bud. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the branchial arches, limb bud, tail bud and posterior dorsal neural tube. Later, expressed in terminally-differentiated odontoblasts, the nasal epithelium, retina and specific regions of the brain.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing limb bud, initially detected in the distal mesenchyme, and later localizing to regions around the developing bones. Is also expressed in adult dental pulp and brain.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts directly with ACVR2B (PubMed:16845371, PubMed:12414726). Interacts directly with ACVR2A (PubMed:12414726). Interacts with ACVR1B, TGFBR1 and ACVR1C in an ACVR2B-dependent manner (PubMed:16845371). Interacts with FST isoform 2/FS288 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted signal that acts globally to regulate anterior/posterior axial patterning during development (PubMed:10391213). May play critical roles in patterning both mesodermal and neural tissues (PubMed:10391213). It is required for proper vertebral patterning and orofacial development (By similarity). Signals through activin receptors type-2, ACVR2A and ACVR2B, and activin receptors type-1, ACVR1B, ACVR1C and TGFBR1 leading to the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 (PubMed:16845371, PubMed:12414726).
messages: Synthesized as large precursor molecule that undergoes proteolytic cleavage by furin-like proteases (By similarity). This produces an inactive form consisting of the mature C-terminal portion non-covalently bound to its cleaved N-terminal propeptide. Activation of the mature form requires additional cleavage of the propeptide by a tolloid-like metalloproteinase.

10090:Gpn3
gene id: 10090:Gpn3
uniprot id: Q9D3W4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GPN-loop GTPase family.
messages: Heterodimer with GPN1. Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Interacts directly with subunits RPB4 and RPB7 and the CTD of RPB1.
messages: Small GTPase required for proper localization of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.

10090:Haao
gene id: 10090:Haao
uniprot id: Q78JT3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 3-HAO family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidative ring opening of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde, which spontaneously cyclizes to quinolinate.
messages: Monomer.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice were born at the expected Mendelian ratio and are normal. They however show very high levels of 3-hydroxyanthranilate compared to wild-type mice.
messages: cytosol

10090:Trhde
gene id: 10090:Trhde
uniprot id: Q8BZN0
uniprot id: Q8K093
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M1 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Membrane
messages: Specific inactivation of TRH after its release.

10090:Or5k17
gene id: 10090:Or5k17
uniprot id: Q8VGQ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Gsap
gene id: 10090:Gsap
uniprot id: Q3TCV3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GSAP family.
messages: Interacts with APP; specifically interacts with the CTF-alpha product of APP. Interacts with the gamma-secretase complex (By similarity).
messages: Regulator of gamma-secretase activity, which specifically activates the production of amyloid-beta protein (amyloid-beta protein 40 and amyloid-beta protein 42), without affecting the cleavage of other gamma-secretase targets such has Notch. The gamma-secretase complex is an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid-beta precursor protein). Specifically promotes the gamma-cleavage of APP CTF-alpha (also named APP-CTF) by the gamma-secretase complex to generate amyloid-beta, while it reduces the epsilon-cleavage of APP CTF-alpha, leading to a low production of AICD.
messages: The protein is first synthesized as a holoprotein form of 98 kDa and rapidly processed into the gamma-secretase-activating protein 16 kDa C-terminal form, which constitutes the predominant form.
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Wwox
gene id: 10090:Wwox
uniprot id: Q91WL8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: By hyaluronidase. Up-regulated in outer and inner nuclear layers during retinal degeneration.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression starts at 8 dpc in the developing heart. Higher expression in the brain is detected between 12 dpc and 16 dpc. High levels of expression in dorsal root ganglia and spinal nerves were observed throughout all developmental stages. In later developmental stages expression is more prominent in skeletal systems (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Indistinguishable from wild-type at birth, but die after three weeks due to metabolic syndrome characterized by serum hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypotriglyceridemia and hypocholesterolemia, growth retardation, decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption. In addition, spontaneous tumor development was observed.
messages: Interacts with TP53, p73/TP73 and MAPK8 (PubMed:11058590, PubMed:12514174). Interacts with MAPT/TAU, RUNX2 and HYAL2 (PubMed:15126504, PubMed:16219768) (By similarity). Forms a ternary complex with TP53 and MDM2 (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4, LITAF and WBP1. Interacts with DVL1, DVL2 and DVL3. May interact with FAM189B and SCOTIN. Interacts with TNK2. Interacts with TMEM207 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domain) with VOPP1 (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated upon genotoxic stress. Phosphorylation of Tyr-33 regulates interaction with TP53, TP73 and MAPK8. May also regulate proapoptotic activity. Phosphorylation by TNK2 is associated with polyubiquitination and degradation (By similarity).
messages: Putative oxidoreductase. Acts as a tumor suppressor and plays a role in apoptosis. May function synergistically with p53/TP53 to control genotoxic stress-induced cell death. Plays a role in TGFB1 signaling and TGFB1-mediated cell death. Inhibits Wnt signaling, probably by sequestering DVL2 in the cytoplasm (By similarity). May also play a role in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell death. Required for normal bone development.
messages: The WW 1 domain mediates interaction with TP73, TFAP2C, LITAF, WBP1 and probably TP53.
messages: Ubiquitinated when phosphorylated by TNK2, leading to its degradation.
messages: Ubiquitous. In the brain, expressed in cortex, striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum (at protein level). Detected in embryonic skeleton, in cranofacial bones, vertebrae and limb bones. Detected in chondrocytes and osteoblasts.

10090:Fam25a
gene id: 10090:Fam25a
uniprot id: Q8CF02
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM25 family.

10090:Tmem255b
gene id: 10090:Tmem255b
uniprot id: G3UWB7
uniprot id: G5E908
uniprot id: Q5FW56
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM255 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nkx2-2
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-2
uniprot id: P42586
uniprot id: Q3URZ4
uniprot id: Q8BRS9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Expressed during embryogenesis.
messages: Expressed in restricted areas of the developing CNS: the hindbrain and forebrain, and pancreas.
messages: Interacts with OLIG2.
messages: Mutant embryos do not form any insulin-expressing cells in the pancreas throughout development, and instead accumulate incompletely differentiated beta cells (PubMed:11076772). Simultaneous knockout of NKX6-1 and NKX2-2 is not distinguable from the single NKX2-2 knockout (PubMed:11076772).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The homeodomain is essential for interaction with OLIG2.
messages: Transcriptional activator involved in the development of insulin-producting beta cells in the endocrine pancreas (PubMed:11076772). May also be involved in specifying diencephalic neuromeric boundaries, and in controlling the expression of genes that play a role in axonal guidance. Binds to elements within the NEUROD1 promoter (PubMed:19759004).

10090:Marcksl1
gene id: 10090:Marcksl1
uniprot id: P28667
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MARCKS family.
messages: Binds to filamentous actin (F-actin), but not to monomeric G-actin, independently of its phosphorylation status (PubMed:22751924). Interacts with calmodulin (PubMed:1618855).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain cortex and hippocampus, including dentate gyrus, anterior olfactory nucleus, primary olfactory cortex, entorhinal cortex, medial preoptic area and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:1864362, PubMed:8406449, PubMed:9598313, PubMed:22751924). Expressed in neuronal cells (at protein level) (PubMed:22751924). Detected in the retina (PubMed:9598313). Strongly expressed in testis and uterus; expressed at lower levels in cerebellum, cerebrum, adipose tissue, spleen, kidney, thyroid, liver, lung, skeletal muscle and heart (PubMed:8406449). Detected in T-cells and B-cells (PubMed:8406449).
messages: Expressed in the developing neural tube as early as 8.5 dpc. Remains most highly expressed in the developing brain and spinal cord during later development at least until 14.5 dpc. Also detected in the lung, adrenal gland, gut and kidney, particularly the kidney cortex. Undetectable in the liver.
messages: Involved in the control of cell movement by regulating actin cytoskeleton homeostasis and filopodium and lamellipodium formation (PubMed:22751924). When unphosphorylated, induces cell migration (PubMed:22751924). When phosphorylated by MAPK8, induces actin bundles formation and stabilization, thereby reducing actin plasticity, hence restricting cell movement, including neuronal migration (PubMed:22751924). May be involved in coupling the protein kinase C and calmodulin signal transduction systems (Probable).
messages: Phosphorylated (PubMed:1618855, PubMed:22751924). Phosphorylation at Ser-120 and Thr-183 is non-redundantly catalyzed by MAPK8 in vivo (PubMed:22751924). Phosphorylation at Thr-148 is preferentially catalyzed by MAPK8 in vivo, but this modification can also be catalyzed by other kinases in the absence of MAPK8 (PubMed:22751924). May be phosphorylated by protein kinase C, which disrupts the interaction with calmodulin (PubMed:1618855).
messages: Up-regulated in peritoneal macrophages in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tshr
gene id: 10090:Tshr
uniprot id: P47750
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Tshr are the cause of hyt/hyt hypothyroidism, an autosomal recessive, fetal-onset, severe hypothyroidism related to TSH hyporesponsiveness and associated with elevated TSH.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with heterodimer GPHA2:GPHB5; this interaction stimulates cAMP production. Interacts (via the PDZ-binding motif) with SCRIB; regulates TSHR trafficking and function.
messages: Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin. Also acts as a receptor for the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GPHA2:GPHB5) or thyrostimulin. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism.
messages: Sulfated. Sulfation on Tyr-385 plays a role in thyrotropin receptor binding and activation.

10090:Rab42
gene id: 10090:Rab42
uniprot id: Q0PD08
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hepacam2
gene id: 10090:Hepacam2
uniprot id: Q4VAH7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Midbody
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Poly-ADP-ribosylated (PARsylated) by tankyrase TNKS during late G2 and prophase, leading to translocation to mitotic centrosomes.
messages: Required during prometaphase for centrosome maturation. Following poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARsylation) by TNKS, translocates from the Golgi apparatus to mitotic centrosomes and plays a key role in the formation of robust microtubules for prompt movement of chromosomes: anchors AKAP9/CG-NAP, a scaffold protein of the gamma-tubulin ring complex and promotes centrosome maturation (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Txnl1
gene id: 10090:Txnl1
uniprot id: Q8CDN6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Active thioredoxin with a redox potential of about -250 mV.
messages: Component of the 19S regulatory cap of the 26S proteasome. Interacts with PSMD14/RPN11. Interacts with, and reduces EEF1A1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or1e19
gene id: 10090:Or1e19
uniprot id: Q8VGT2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mmachc
gene id: 10090:Mmachc
uniprot id: Q9CZD0
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MMACHC family.
messages: Can utilize both FAD and FMN.
messages: Cobalamin (vitamin B12) cytosolic chaperone that catalyzes the reductive decyanation of cyanocob(III)alamin (cyanocobalamin, CNCbl) to yield cob(II)alamin and cyanide, using FAD or FMN as cofactors and NADPH as cosubstrate. Cyanocobalamin constitutes the inactive form of vitamin B12 introduced from the diet, and is converted into the active cofactors methylcobalamin (MeCbl) involved in methionine biosynthesis, and 5'-deoxyadenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) involved in the TCA cycle. Forms a complex with the lysosomal transporter ABCD4 and its chaperone LMBRD1, to transport cobalamin across the lysosomal membrane into the cytosol. The processing of cobalamin in the cytosol occurs in a multiprotein complex composed of at least MMACHC, MMADHC, MTRR (methionine synthase reductase) and MTR (methionine synthase) which may contribute to shuttle safely and efficiently cobalamin towards MTR in order to produce methionine. Also acts as a glutathione transferase by catalyzing the dealkylation of the alkylcob(III)alamins MeCbl and AdoCbl, using the thiolate of glutathione for nucleophilic displacement to generate cob(I)alamin and the corresponding glutathione thioether. The conversion of incoming MeCbl or AdoCbl into a common intermediate cob(I)alamin is necessary to meet the cellular needs for both cofactors. Cysteine and homocysteine cannot substitute for glutathione in this reaction.
messages: Complete embryonic lethality. All die before 3.5 dpc.
messages: Detected in liver and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:21697092). Detected in embryos (PubMed:24889031).
messages: Monomer in the absence of bound substrate. Homodimer; dimerization is triggered by binding to FMN or adenosylcobalamin. Interacts with LMBRD1 and ABCD4; the interaction ensures the transport of cobalamin from the lysosome to the cytoplasm. Forms a multiprotein complex with MMADHC, MTR and MTRR; the interaction with MTR could modulate MMACHC-dependent processing of cobalamin. Heterodimer with MMADHC; the interaction might play a role in the regulation of the balance between AdoCbl and MeCbl synthesis.
messages: cytosol

10090:Fem1b
gene id: 10090:Fem1b
uniprot id: Q9Z2G0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abnormal glucose tolerance predominantly due to defective glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (PubMed:16024793). Mice also show defects in prostate ductal morphogenesis and secretory protein expression (PubMed:18816836).
messages: Activity of the CRL2(FEM1B) complex toward FNIP1 is inhibited by BEX family proteins (BEX1, BEX2, BEX3 and/or BEX4) in absence of reductive stress (PubMed:34562363). Mechanistically, BEX proteins act as pseudosubstrate inhibitors that associate with FEM1B via zinc in absence of reductive stress, thereby preventing association between FEM1B and FNIP1 (PubMed:34562363).
messages: Belongs to the fem-1 family.
messages: Component of a CRL2 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, also named ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) complex, composed of CUL2, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and substrate-specific adapter FEM1B (PubMed:32941802). Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with PPM1F and PHTF1 (PubMed:15601915). Interacts with the death domain of FAS/TNFRSF6 and TNFRSF1A. Interacts with CHEK1 (By similarity). Interacts with NKX3-1 (PubMed:18816836).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in pancreatic islets, within both beta cells and non-beta cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16024793). Highly expressed in adult testis; expressed in all types of spermatogonia (PubMed:9828124, PubMed:18816836). Also expressed in the prostate of neonatal mice (PubMed:18816836).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Substrate-recognition component of a Cul2-RING (CRL2) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which recognizes a C-degron located at the extreme C terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). The C-degron recognized by the DesCEND pathway is usually a motif of less than ten residues and can be present in full-length proteins, truncated proteins or proteolytically cleaved forms (By similarity). The CRL2(FEM1B) complex specifically recognizes proteins ending with -Gly-Leu-Asp-Arg, such as CDK5R1, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of the reductive stress response by mediating ubiquitination of reduced FNIP1: in response to reductive stress, the CRL2(FEM1B) complex specifically recognizes a conserved Cys degron in FNIP1 when this degron is reduced, leading to FNIP1 degradation and subsequent activation of mitochondria to recalibrate reactive oxygen species (ROS) (PubMed:32941802, PubMed:34562363). Mechanistically, recognizes and binds reduced FNIP1 through two interface zinc ions, which act as a molecular glue that recruit reduced FNIP1 to FEM1B (PubMed:34562363). Promotes ubiquitination of GLI1, suppressing GLI1 transcriptional activator activity (By similarity). Promotes ubiquitination and degradation of ANKRD37 (PubMed:21723927). Promotes ubiquitination and degradation of SLBP (By similarity). Involved in apoptosis by acting as a death receptor-associated protein that mediates apoptosis (By similarity). Also involved in glucose homeostasis in pancreatic islet (PubMed:16024793). May also act as an adapter/mediator in replication stress-induced signaling that leads to the activation of CHEK1 (By similarity).

10090:Or5ac20
gene id: 10090:Or5ac20
uniprot id: Q8VGQ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hpse2
gene id: 10090:Hpse2
uniprot id: B2RY83
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 79 family.
messages: Binds heparin and heparan sulfate with high affinity, but lacks heparanase activity. Inhibits HPSE, possibly by competing for its substrates (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with HPSE. Interacts with SDC1 (via glycan chains) (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Or5m8
gene id: 10090:Or5m8
uniprot id: Q7TR87
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rgr
gene id: 10090:Rgr
uniprot id: Q543X1
uniprot id: Q9Z2B3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.
messages: Covalently binds all-trans- and 11-cis-retinal.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for all-trans- and 11-cis-retinal. Binds preferentially to the former and may catalyze the isomerization of the chromophore by a retinochrome-like mechanism (By similarity).

10090:Cacnb2
gene id: 10090:Cacnb2
uniprot id: C7IVS7
uniprot id: Q32MF3
uniprot id: Q8CC27
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family.
messages: Beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels which contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current (PubMed:14674701, PubMed:36424916). Plays a role in shifting voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation of the channel (By similarity). May modulate G protein inhibition (By similarity). May contribute to beta-adrenergic augmentation of Ca(2+) influx in cardiomyocytes, thereby regulating increases in heart rate and contractile force (PubMed:36424916). Involved in membrane targeting of the alpha-1 subunit CACNA1C (By similarity).
messages: Component of a calcium channel complex consisting of a pore-forming alpha subunit (CACNA1S) and the ancillary subunits CACNB1 or CACNB2, CACNG1 and CACNA2D1 (By similarity). The channel complex contains alpha, beta, gamma and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio, i.e. it contains either CACNB1 or CACNB2 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNA1C (By similarity). Interacts with RRAD; interaction may be involved in beta-adrenergic regulation of heart rate and contractile force (PubMed:36424916). Interaction with RRAD regulates the trafficking of CACNA1C to the cell membrane (By similarity). Interacts with TMIGD2 (By similarity). Interacts with CAMK2D (By similarity). Interacts with CBARP (PubMed:24751537). Interacts with CAMK2A (By similarity).
messages: Regulated through phosphorylation at Thr-549 by CaMK2D.
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Tlnrd1
gene id: 10090:Tlnrd1
uniprot id: Q9ERE8
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-binding protein which may have an oncogenic function and regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion in cancer cells.
messages: May homodimerize. Interacts with F-actin.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Spata5l1
gene id: 10090:Spata5l1
uniprot id: A0A7N9VSG0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent chaperone, which plays an essential role in the cytoplasmic maturation steps of pre-60S ribosomal particles by promoting the release of shuttling protein RSL24D1/RLP24 from the pre-ribosomal particles. Acts together with AFG2A, AIRIM and CINP.
messages: Associates with pre-60S ribosomal particles. Interacts with AIRIM.
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. AFG2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In adult ear, expressed at low levels in neurosensory hair cells (inner and outer) and supporting cells (pillar and Deiter cells).
messages: Nucleus
messages: spindle

10090:Tsr1
gene id: 10090:Tsr1
uniprot id: Q5SWD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Bms1-like GTPase family. TSR1 subfamily.
messages: Required during maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit in the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Dnai1
gene id: 10090:Dnai1
uniprot id: Q8C0M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynein intermediate chain family.
messages: Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains. Interacts with BICD2 (By similarity). Interacts with CFAP45 and CFAP52 (By similarity).
messages: Part of the dynein complex of respiratory cilia.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Mrps16
gene id: 10090:Mrps16
uniprot id: Q9CPX7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Ereg
gene id: 10090:Ereg
uniprot id: Q61521
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in 7-day-old embryos with levels then falling to very low or undetectable amounts. Not detected in adult.
messages: Interacts with EGFR and ERBB4.
messages: Ligand of the EGF receptor/EGFR and ERBB4. Stimulates EGFR and ERBB4 tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity). Contributes to inflammation, wound healing, tissue repair, and oocyte maturation by regulating angiogenesis and vascular remodeling and by stimulating cell proliferation (PubMed:24631357).
messages: extracellular space

10090:Vmn2r14
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r14
uniprot id: E9Q759
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fdft1
gene id: 10090:Fdft1
uniprot id: P53798
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
messages: Catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) moieties to form squalene (PubMed:10521476). Proceeds in two distinct steps. In the first half-reaction, two molecules of FPP react to form the stable presqualene diphosphate intermediate (PSQPP), with concomitant release of a proton and a molecule of inorganic diphosphate. In the second half-reaction, PSQPP undergoes heterolysis, isomerization, and reduction with NADPH or NADH to form squalene. It is the first committed enzyme of the sterol biosynthesis pathway (By similarity).
messages: Deficient mice are embryonic lethal around midgestation (9.5-10.5 dpc). Embryos exhibit severe growth retardation and defective neural tube closure.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Rrp15
gene id: 10090:Rrp15
uniprot id: Q9CYX7
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RRP15 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.

10090:Zfp120
gene id: 10090:Zfp120
uniprot id: Q8BZW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in kidney, brain, and liver, and the lowest levels in spleen.

10090:Ndufa13
gene id: 10090:Ndufa13
uniprot id: Q9ERS2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Involved in the interferon/all-trans-retinoic acid (IFN/RA) induced cell death. This apoptotic activity is inhibited by interaction with viral IRF1. Prevents the transactivation of STAT3 target genes. May play a role in CARD15-mediated innate mucosal responses and serve to regulate intestinal epithelial cell responses to microbes.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA13 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits. Interacts with CARD15, but not with CARD4. Interacts with STAT3, but not with STAT1, STAT2 and STAT5A. Interacts with OLFM4.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Parl
gene id: 10090:Parl
uniprot id: Q5XJY4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S54 family.
messages: Interacts with PSEN1 and PSEN2 (By similarity). Binds OPA1.
messages: Mice develop normally until 4 weeks of age. They show subsequent progressive growth retardation, atrophy of muscle, spleen, and thymus as well as severe apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes leading to premature death between 8-12 weeks of age. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking Parl show high susceptibility to intrinsic apoptotic signals. This defect can be complemented by Parl or a soluble form of Opa1.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-beta is proteolytically processed (beta-cleavage) in a PARL-dependent manner.
messages: Required for the control of apoptosis during postnatal growth (PubMed:16839884). Essential for proteolytic processing of an antiapoptotic form of OPA1 which prevents the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c in response to intrinsic apoptotic signals (PubMed:16839884). Required for the maturation of PINK1 into its 52kDa mature form after its cleavage by mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) (By similarity). Promotes cleavage of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PGAM5 in damaged mitochondria in response to loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (By similarity). Mediates differential cleavage of PINK1 and PGAM5 depending on the health status of mitochondria, disassociating from PINK1 and associating with PGAM5 in response to mitochondrial membrane potential loss (By similarity). Required for processing of CLPB into a form with higher protein disaggregase activity by removing an autoinhibitory N-terminal peptide (By similarity). Promotes processing of DIABLO/SMAC in the mitochondrion which is required for DIABLO apoptotic activity (By similarity). Also required for cleavage of STARD7 and TTC19 (By similarity). Promotes changes in mitochondria morphology regulated by phosphorylation of P-beta domain (By similarity).

10090:Strip1
gene id: 10090:Strip1
uniprot id: Q3UGC1
uniprot id: Q8C079
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the STRIP family.
messages: Component of striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex (PubMed:18782753). Interacts with CDC42BPB. Interacts with CTTNBP2NL.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the cortical actin filament dynamics and cell shape (By similarity).

10090:Ptms
gene id: 10090:Ptms
uniprot id: Q9D0J8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the pro/parathymosin family.
messages: Parathymosin may mediate immune function by blocking the effect of prothymosin alpha which confers resistance to certain opportunistic infections.

10090:Slc35g1
gene id: 10090:Slc35g1
uniprot id: Q8BY79
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM20 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with STIM1; stimulated by depletion of intracellular calcium. Interacts with ORAI1. Interacts with the plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPases ATP2B1 and ATP2B4. Interacts with ATP1A1, ATP2A2, KPNB1 and XPO1 (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in intracellular calcium sensing and homeostasis. May act as a negative regulator of plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPases preventing calcium efflux from the cell (By similarity).

10090:Dhrs1
gene id: 10090:Dhrs1
uniprot id: Q99L04
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May be attached to the ER membrane by its C-terminus segment.
messages: NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase which catalyzes the reduction of some steroids (estrone, androstene-3,17-dione and cortisone) as well as prostaglandin E1, isatin and xenobiotics in vitro. May have a role in steroid and/or xenobiotic metabolism.

10090:Tas2r121
gene id: 10090:Tas2r121
uniprot id: Q7M720
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter stimuli.
messages: Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5 (By similarity).

10090:Mthfd2
gene id: 10090:Mthfd2
uniprot id: P18155
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although its dehydrogenase activity is NAD-specific, it can also utilize NADP at a reduced efficiency.
messages: Belongs to the tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: This NAD-dependent bifunctional enzyme has very different kinetic properties than the larger NADP-dependent trifunctional enzyme and is unique in that it requires formation of an enzyme-magnesium complex to allow binding of NAD.

10090:Phactr4
gene id: 10090:Phactr4
uniprot id: Q501J7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the phosphatase and actin regulator family.
messages: Binds PPP1CA and actin.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryonic development, most strongly expressed in neural tissue. Expressed in a dynamic pattern during neurulation: from 8.5 dpc to 9.5 dpc, the period of cranial neural closure and spatially regulated proliferation, it is expressed strongly in the ventral region of the cranial neural tube. By 10.5 dpc, expressed more uniformly along the dorsal and ventral aspects of the cranial neural tube. Also expressed in the neural retina and lens.
messages: Neural tube and eye defects in embryos followed by death. By 9.25 dpc, mutant embryos show failure to close the cranial neural tube. About 15% of homozygous mutant embryos exhibit severe exencephaly, along with a wavy spinal neural tube and a shortened anterior/posterior body axis, and die around 10.5 dpc. Remaining embryos exhibit complete exencephaly from the forebrain to hindbrain. Most embryos die by 14.5 dpc, but a few survive to birth and die shortly thereafter. Embryos also have eye defects: they display overgrowth of the neural retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Embryos also display coloboma at 12.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc, due to defects in closure of optic fissure. Defects are due to elevated proliferation and abnormally phosphorylated, inactive PP1, resulting in RB1 hyperphosphorylation, derepression of E2F targets, and abnormal cell-cycle progression. Embryos also show embryonic gastrointestinal defects due to colon hypoganglionosis, which resembles human Hirschsprung disease: ENCCs within the embryonic gut display a collective cell migration defect and show undirected cellular protrusions and disrupted directional and chain migration.
messages: Regulator of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) required for neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development. Acts as an activator of PP1 by interacting with PPP1CA and preventing phosphorylation of PPP1CA at 'Thr-320'. During neural tube closure, localizes to the ventral neural tube and activates PP1, leading to down-regulate cell proliferation within cranial neural tissue and the neural retina. Also acts as a regulator of migration of enteric neural crest cells (ENCCs) by activating PP1, leading to dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of cofilin (COF1 or COF2) and repression of the integrin signaling through the RHO/ROCK pathway.
messages: lamellipodium

10090:P2ry12
gene id: 10090:P2ry12
uniprot id: Q546L4
uniprot id: Q9CPV9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but display impaired blood coagulation, due to defects in platelet aggregation and thrombus formation.
messages: Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G-proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system. Required for normal platelet aggregation and blood coagulation.
messages: The transmembrane domain is composed of seven transmembrane helices; most of these are not strictly perpendicular to the plane of the membrane, but are tilted and/or kinked. Agonist binding promotes a conformation change in the extracellular loops that leads to an inward movement of the transmembrane helices. Antagonists can bind to an overlapping site, but block the inward movement of the transmembrane helices (By similarity).

10090:Il5
gene id: 10090:Il5
uniprot id: P04401
uniprot id: Q5SV01
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-5 family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with IL5RA (PubMed:1873482). Interacts with CSF2RB.
messages: Homodimeric cytokine expressed predominantly by T-lymphocytes and NK cells that plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, and chemotaxis of eosinophils (PubMed:10444455, PubMed:1873482). Acts also on activated and resting B-cells to induce immunoglobulin production, growth, and differentiation (PubMed:3128631). Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL5RA subunit and the cytokine receptor common subunit beta/CSF2RB. Binding to the receptor leads to activation of various kinases including LYN, SYK and JAK2 and thereby propagates signals through the RAS-MAPK and JAK-STAT5 pathways respectively (By similarity).
messages: Homodimeric cytokine expressed predominantly by T-lymphocytes and NK cells that plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, and chemotaxis of eosinophils. Acts also on activated and resting B-cells to induce immunoglobulin production, growth, and differentiation. Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL5RA subunit and the cytokine receptor common subunit beta/CSF2RB. Binding to the receptor leads to activation of various kinases including LYN, SYK and JAK2 and thereby propagates signals through the RAS-MAPK and JAK-STAT5 pathways respectively.
messages: In IL-5 deletion mice, the intestinal eosinophilia that developed in WT mice during T. spiralis infection was completely abolished, revealing the importance of IL5 for the increased production and recruitment of eosinophils to the gut during infection.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lgals8
gene id: 10090:Lgals8
uniprot id: Q9JL15
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Beta-galactoside-binding lectin that acts as a sensor of membrane damage caused by infection and restricts the proliferation of infecting pathogens by targeting them for autophagy. Detects membrane rupture by binding beta-galactoside ligands located on the lumenal side of the endosome membrane; these ligands becoming exposed to the cytoplasm following rupture. Restricts infection by initiating autophagy via interaction with CALCOCO2/NDP52. Required to restrict infection of bacterial invasion such as S.typhimurium. Also required to restrict infection of Picornaviridae viruses. Has a marked preference for 3'-O-sialylated and 3'-O-sulfated glycans.
messages: Contains two homologous but distinct carbohydrate-binding domains.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CALCOCO2/NDP52. Interacts with PDPN; the interaction is glycosylation-dependent; may participate in connection of the lymphatic endothelium to the surrounding extracellular matrix.
messages: cytosol

10090:Acss2
gene id: 10090:Acss2
uniprot id: Q9QXG4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from short-chain fatty acids (PubMed:11150295, PubMed:16790548). Acetate is the preferred substrate but can also utilize propionate with a much lower affinity (PubMed:11150295).
messages: Inhibited by acetylation at Lys-661 and activated by deacetylation mediated by the deacetylases SIRT1 and SIRT3.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Reversibly acetylated at Lys-661 (PubMed:16790548). The acetyl-CoA synthase activity is inhibited by acetylation and activated by deacetylation mediated by the deacetylases SIRT1 and SIRT3.
messages: cytosol

10090:Top3b
gene id: 10090:Top3b
uniprot id: Q3UJF5
uniprot id: Q9Z321
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type IA topoisomerase family.
messages: Highly expressed in testis.
messages: Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand.
messages: Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand than undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 3'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone (By similarity). Possesses negatively supercoiled DNA relaxing activity.

10090:Vmn1r207
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r207
uniprot id: A0A494BA14
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Lyar
gene id: 10090:Lyar
uniprot id: Q08288
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis and ovary at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:20339383). May be differentially expressed during spermatogenesis. Detected first at P12, the early stage of spermatogenesis. Levels considerably increase at P16, corresponding to the development of pachytene spermatocytes (PubMed:23212345).
messages: Interacts with PRMT5; this interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with GNL2 and RPL23A (By similarity). Interacts with nucleolin/NCL; this interaction is direct (PubMed:19489080, PubMed:23212345). Interacts with phosphorylated IRF3; this interaction impairs IRF3 DNA-binding activity (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mutant mice are fully fertile and show intact spermatogenesis.
messages: Plays a role in the maintenance of the appropriate processing of 47S/45S pre-rRNA to 32S/30S pre-rRNAs and their subsequent processing to produce 18S and 28S rRNAs (By similarity). Also acts at the level of transcription regulation. Along with PRMT5, binds embryonic globin promoter (By similarity). Represses the expression of embryonic globin Hbb-y gene (PubMed:25092918). In neuroblastoma cells, may also repress the expression of oxidative stress genes, including CHAC1, HMOX1, SLC7A11, ULBP1 and that encoding the small nucleolar RNA SNORD41 (By similarity). Preferentially binds to a DNA motif containing 5'-GGTTAT-3' (By similarity). Negatively regulates the antiviral innate immune response by targeting IRF3 and impairing its DNA-binding activity (By similarity). In addition, inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (By similarity). Stimulates phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments by retinal pigment epithelial cells (PubMed:25735755). Prevents NCL self-cleavage, maintaining a normal steady-state level of NCL protein in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which in turn is essential for ESC self-renewal (PubMed:19489080).
messages: Predominantly expressed in testis, in germ cells, and at a moderate level in spleen, liver and lung (at protein level) (PubMed:19489080, PubMed:23212345, PubMed:24990247). Very high levels in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids, but not in testicular sperm and mature sperm (at protein level) (PubMed:20339383, PubMed:23212345, PubMed:24990247). Expressed in ovary (PubMed:20339383). Expressed in the retina, including in photoreceptor outer segments (at protein level) (PubMed:25735755). Expressed in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (PubMed:19489080, PubMed:23212345).
messages: The N-terminal zinc-finger domains are required for the appropriate production of 28S rRNA and the formation of pre-60S particles.
messages: nucleolus
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Psmd14
gene id: 10090:Psmd14
uniprot id: O35593
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. PSMD14 subfamily.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits including PSMD4, a base containing 6 ATPases and few additional components. Within the complex, PSMD4 interacts with subunit PSMD7 through their respective MPN domain. Interacts with TXNL1.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. The PSMD14 subunit is a metalloprotease that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains within the complex. Plays a role in response to double-strand breaks (DSBs): acts as a regulator of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by cleaving 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin, thereby promoting retention of JMJD2A/KDM4A on chromatin and restricting TP53BP1 accumulation. Also involved in homologous recombination repair by promoting RAD51 loading.

10090:Tmed9
gene id: 10090:Tmed9
uniprot id: Q6PDC2
uniprot id: Q99KF1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Appears to be involved in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. In COPI vesicle-mediated retrograde transport involved in the coatomer recruitment to membranes of the early secretory pathway. Increases coatomer-dependent activity of ARFGAP2. Thought to play a crucial role in the specific retention of p24 complexes in cis-Golgi membranes; specifically contributes to the coupled localization of TMED2 and TMED10 in the cis-Golgi network. May be involved in organization of intracellular membranes, such as of the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment and the Golgi apparatus. Involved in ER localization of PTPN2 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer in endoplasmic reticulum. Predominantly monomeric and to lesser extent homodimeric in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi network. Probably oligomerizes with other members of the EMP24/GP25L family such as TMED2, TMED7 and TMED10. Interacts with TMED5. Interacts (via C-terminus) with COPG1; the interaction involves dimeric TMED9. Interacts with PTPN2 and SPAST. Interacts with STX17; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: N-linked glycosylated containing high mannose.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Rgmb
gene id: 10090:Rgmb
uniprot id: Q7TQ33
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocatalytically cleaved at low pH; the two chains remain linked via two disulfide bonds.
messages: Belongs to the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in neonatal and adult dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons, spinal cord, and brain (at protein level). Also expressed at high levels in retinal ganglion cells of developing mouse, extending to the optic nerve (at protein level). Expressed in testis, epididymis, ovary, uterus, and pituitary.
messages: Expressed in the developing nervous system. Expression is restricted to a subset of individual neurons in the mid- and hindbrain regions. At 10.5 dpc, expression level increases and extends further into the forebrain. The segmented pattern of expression becomes more refined and is indicative of peripheral nervous system labelling. Not detected in the area of motoneuron differentiation. Expression could be restricted to postmitotic neurons. Also expressed in fetal dorsal root ganglion, dorsal horn, in the dorsomedial mantle layer of the spinal cord, alar plate of the myelencephalon, marginal layer of the mesencephalon, basal plate of the pons, and cerebellar primordia, as well as the cortex of the olfactory lobe, retina, and olfactory epithelium. In the developing eye, expressed in differentiating ganglion cells and later in the development, also in amacrine cells. In adult, expressed in scattered cells throughout the brain.
messages: GPI-anchored.
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with DRGX. Interacts with BMP2 and BMP4. Interacts with the BMP type I receptors ACVR1, BMPR1A and BMPR1B and with the BMP type II receptor ACVR2B. The functional complex with its receptor NEO1/neogenin appears to be a heterotetramer with a 2:2 stoichiometry, RGM molecules acting as staples that bring two NEO1 receptors together without interacting themselves, this arrangement leads to activation of downstream signaling via RhoA.
messages: Member of the repulsive guidance molecule (RGM) family that contributes to the patterning of the developing nervous system. Acts as a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) coreceptor that potentiates BMP signaling. Promotes neuronal adhesion. May inhibit neurite outgrowth (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft

10090:H4c4
gene id: 10090:H4c4
uniprot id: B2RTM0
uniprot id: P62806
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H4K5ac), Lys-9 (H4K8ac), Lys-13 (H4K12ac) and Lys-17 (H4K16ac) occurs in coding regions of the genome but not in heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the histone H4 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-4 (H4R3ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Glutarylation at Lys-92 (H4K91glu) destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated, dimethylated or trimethylated at Lys-21 (H4K20me1, H4K20me2, H4K20me3) (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylation is performed by KMT5A/SET8 (By similarity). Trimethylation is performed by KMT5B and KMT5C and induces gene silencing (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylated at Lys-13 (H4K12me1) by N6AMT1; H4K12me1 modification is present at the promoters of numerous genes encoding cell cycle regulators (By similarity).
messages: Monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-4 (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively) by PRMT1 favors acetylation at Lys-9 (H4K8ac) and Lys-13 (H4K12ac). Demethylation is performed by JMJD6. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 (H4R3me2s) by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Ser-48 (H4S47ph). This phosphorylation increases the association of H3.3-H4 with the histone chaperone HIRA, thus promoting nucleosome assembly of H3.3-H4 and inhibiting nucleosome assembly of H3.1-H4 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated, which is associated with transcriptional repression.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-92 of histone H4 (H4K91ub1) in response to DNA damage. The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 Lys-21 methylation (H4K20me) (By similarity).
messages: Ufmylated; monofmylated by UFL1 at Lys-32 (H4K31Ufm1) in response to DNA damage.

10090:Serpina12
gene id: 10090:Serpina12
uniprot id: Q7TMF5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adipokine that modulates insulin action by specifically inhibiting its target protease KLK7 in white adipose tissues.
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Expressed in visceral adipose tissues.
messages: Forms a stable complex with KLK7.
messages: Glycosylation slightly decreases affinity for heparin, but otherwise has no significant effect on KLK7 inhibitory activity or thermal stability of the protein.
messages: Inhibition of KLK7 is enhanced by heparin.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable.

10090:Pramel29
gene id: 10090:Pramel29
uniprot id: A2A958
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Tigar
gene id: 10090:Tigar
uniprot id: Q8BZA9
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in olfactory bulb, cerebellum, and cortex (PubMed:24872551). Expressed in neurons and astrocytes (PubMed:24872551) (at protein level). Expressed in intestinal crypt (PubMed:23726973).
messages: Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production (PubMed:23726973). Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death (PubMed:23726973). Plays a role in promoting protection against cell death during hypoxia by decreasing mitochondria ROS levels in a HK2-dependent manner through a mechanism that is independent of its fructose-bisphosphatase activity (By similarity). In response to cardiac damage stress, mediates p53-induced inhibition of myocyte mitophagy through ROS levels reduction and the subsequent inactivation of BNIP3 (PubMed:22044588). Reduced mitophagy results in an enhanced apoptotic myocyte cell death, and exacerbates cardiac damage (PubMed:22044588). Plays a role in adult intestinal regeneration; contributes to the growth, proliferation and survival of intestinal crypts following tissue ablation (PubMed:23726973). Plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain damage by enhancing PPP flux and preserving mitochondria functions (PubMed:24872551). Protects glioma cells from hypoxia- and ROS-induced cell death by inhibiting glycolysis and activating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption in a TKTL1-dependent and p53/TP53-independent manner. Plays a role in cancer cell survival by promoting DNA repair through activating PPP flux in a CDK5-ATM-dependent signaling pathway during hypoxia and/or genome stress-induced DNA damage responses (By similarity). Involved in intestinal tumor progression (PubMed:23726973).
messages: Interacts with HK2; the interaction increases hexokinase HK2 activity in a hypoxia- and HIF1A-dependent manner, resulting in the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential, thus increasing NADPH production and decreasing intracellular ROS levels.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile and show no obvious developmental defects (PubMed:23726973). Following intestine ablation by gamma irradiation, adult mice display a reduction in the size and number of proliferating intestinal crypts and an increase in cell death (PubMed:23726973). Mice display reduced intestinal tumor progression compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:23726973). In response to ischemic myocardium injury, display an increase in the ability to stimulate myocyte mitophagy in ischemic border zones through a ROS-induced and BNIP3 activation dependent manner leading to a reduction of defective mitochondria and myocyte cell death, and hence a better recovery of cardiac function (PubMed:22044588).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Not expected to have any kinase activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated by hypoxia in cardiac myocytes in a p53/TP53-dependent manner (PubMed:20935145). Up-regulated in ischemic cortex after reperfusion in a p53/TP5-independent manner (PubMed:24872551). Up-regulated in primary neurons by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)/reoxygenation insult in a p53/TP5-independent manner (at protein level) (PubMed:24872551). Up-regulated in ischemic myocardium in a p53/TP5-dependent manner (PubMed:22044588). Up-regulated in small intestine after gamma irradiation damage (PubMed:23726973).

10090:Fam169b
gene id: 10090:Fam169b
uniprot id: Q8CHT6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM169 family.

10090:Ubxn6
gene id: 10090:Ubxn6
uniprot id: Q99PL6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with VCP through the PUB domain (via C-terminus) and VIM motif (via N-terminus); the interaction is direct. Forms a ternary complex with CAV1 and VCP. Interacts with SYVN1. Interacts with HERPUD1. Interacts with VCPKMT. May interact with DERL1. Interacts with PLAA, VCP and YOD1; may form a complex involved in macroautophagy. Interacts with LMAN1.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May negatively regulate the ATPase activity of VCP, an ATP-driven segregase that associates with different cofactors to control a wide variety of cellular processes. As a cofactor of VCP, it may play a role in the transport of CAV1 to lysosomes for degradation. It may also play a role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded proteins. Together with VCP and other cofactors, it may play a role in macroautophagy, regulating for instance the clearance of damaged lysosomes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The UBX domain lacks key residues critical for VCP binding.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level). Highest expression in brain (at protein level).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Phc2
gene id: 10090:Phc2
uniprot id: Q9QWH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of a PRC1-like complex. Interacts with CBX4 (By similarity). Interacts with BMI1, PCGF2, PHC1 and RNF2 (PubMed:9627119, PubMed:16024804, PubMed:27827373). Interacts with CHTOP (PubMed:22872859). Interacts with the N-terminal region of the SP1 transcription factor and with MAPKAPK2 (By similarity).
messages: Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility.
messages: Detected at 11.5 dpc in the developing brain, in the ventricular zones of the cortex and ganglionic eminences as well as in adult, in mature structures such as the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and cerebellum.
messages: HD1 motif interacts with SAM domain of PHC1.
messages: Isoform 2 is ubiquitously expressed in embryos and adult tissues at much higher level than isoform 1.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but show posterior transformations of the axial skeleton and premature senescence of mouse embryonic fibroblast associated with derepression of Hox cluster genes and Cdkn2a genes, respectively. Mice lacking Phc2 and Phc1 die at an early gestational stage. Mice mutant for Phc1 and/or Phc2 demonstrate that Phc1 and Phc2 mutations affect synergistically the survival of embryos in a gene dosage-dependent manner and thus show functional redundancy of Phc1 and Phc2.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Btbd7
gene id: 10090:Btbd7
uniprot id: Q8CFE5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a mediator of epithelial dynamics and organ branching by promoting cleft progression. Induced following accumulation of fibronectin in forming clefts, leading to local expression of the cell-scattering SNAIL2 and suppression of E-cadherin levels, thereby altering cell morphology and reducing cell-cell adhesion. This stimulates cell separation at the base of forming clefts by local, dynamic intercellular gap formation and promotes cleft progression.
messages: By fibronectin.
messages: Highly expressed in developing salivary glands at 13 dpc, a stage of particularly active salivary gland branching. Concentrated around the bottom and lower sides of forming clefts, while it is weakly or not expressed in other salivary epithelial regions. Also expressed in mesenchyme containing high levels of fibronectin.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed in embryonic epithelia.

10090:Gsta4
gene id: 10090:Gsta4
uniprot id: P24472
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Alpha family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: On the basis of immunological and kinetics data, GST 5.7 is distinct from alpha, mu and pI classes of GTS. However it has been postulated that this protein may be part of a distinct subgroup within this alpha class.
messages: The N-terminus is blocked.
messages: The variations were found from AA sequencing and imply there are multiple forms of this protein. These variations are likely to be sex-linked and tissue specific.

10090:Prkab2
gene id: 10090:Prkab2
uniprot id: Q6PAM0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: AMPK is a heterotrimer of an alpha catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2), a beta (PRKAB1 or PRKAB2) and a gamma non-catalytic subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3).
messages: Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit family.
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an energy sensor protein kinase that plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. In response to reduction of intracellular ATP levels, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming processes: inhibits protein, carbohydrate and lipid biosynthesis, as well as cell growth and proliferation. AMPK acts via direct phosphorylation of metabolic enzymes, and by longer-term effects via phosphorylation of transcription regulators. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton; probably by indirectly activating myosin. Beta non-catalytic subunit acts as a scaffold on which the AMPK complex assembles, via its C-terminus that bridges alpha (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2) and gamma subunits (PRKAG1, PRKAG2 or PRKAG3) (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated when associated with the catalytic subunit (PRKAA1 or PRKAA2). Phosphorylated by ULK1 and ULK2; leading to negatively regulate AMPK activity and suggesting the existence of a regulatory feedback loop between ULK1, ULK2 and AMPK.

10090:Chchd1
gene id: 10090:Chchd1
uniprot id: Q9CQA6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS37 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus

10090:Uqcc3
gene id: 10090:Uqcc3
uniprot id: Q3V2E3
uniprot id: Q8K2T4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III(CIII) or cytochrome b-c1 complex). Interacts with UQCC1 (PubMed:35977508). Forms a complex, named COMC, composed of UQCC1, UQCC2; UQCC3 and UQCC4; mediates MT-CYB hemylation and association with the first nuclear-encoded complex III subunit UQCRQ (PubMed:35977508).
messages: Belongs to the UQCC3 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Probably cleaved by OMA1 under mitochondrial stress conditions.
messages: Required for the assembly of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex), mediating cytochrome b recruitment and probably stabilization within the complex. Thereby, plays an important role in ATP production by mitochondria. Cardiolipin-binding protein, it may also control the cardiolipin composition of mitochondria membranes and their morphology.

10090:Prxl2a
gene id: 10090:Prxl2a
uniprot id: Q9CYH2
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin-like PRXL2 family. PRXL2A subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, skin, and brain (PubMed:19951071). Widely expressed with highest levels detected in adipose tissue (PubMed:26438880).
messages: Involved in redox regulation of the cell (By similarity). Acts as an antioxidant (By similarity). Inhibits TNFSF11-induced NFKB1 and JUN activation and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). May affect bone resorption and help to maintain bone mass (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of macrophage-mediated inflammation by inhibiting macrophage production of inflammatory cytokines, probably through suppression of the MAPK signaling pathway (PubMed:26438880).
messages: Secreted
messages: The active site cysteines correspond to the redox-active cysteines of peroxiredoxins.

10090:Fam205a4
gene id: 10090:Fam205a4
uniprot id: C0HKD1
uniprot id: C0HKD2
uniprot id: C0HKD3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPATA31 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ramac
gene id: 10090:Ramac
uniprot id: Q9CQY2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RAM family.
messages: Interacts with RNMT; this interaction enhances mRNA binding and cap methyltransferase activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the mRNA-capping methyltransferase RNMT:RAMAC complex that methylates the N7 position of the added guanosine to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Promotes the recruitment of the methyl donor, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, to RNMT. Regulates RNMT expression by a post-transcriptional stabilizing mechanism. Binds RNA.

10090:Mllt1
gene id: 10090:Mllt1
uniprot id: Q9ERL0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tspo
gene id: 10090:Tspo
uniprot id: P50637
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TspO/BZRP family.
messages: By dimethyl sulfoxide and diazepam.
messages: Can bind protoporphyrin IX and may play a role in the transport of porphyrins and heme (By similarity). Was initially identified as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; can also bind isoquinoline carboxamides. Promotes the transport of cholesterol across mitochondrial membranes and may play a role in lipid metabolism (PubMed:9832438, PubMed:24814875), but its precise physiological role is controversial. According to some reports, it is not required for steroid hormone biosynthesis (PubMed:24174323, PubMed:24936060).
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Ubiquitous.
messages: Interacts with TSPOAP1. Interacts with MOST-1. May interact with STAR.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: No obvious phenotype. Mice are viable and fertile and present only very minor changes in gonadal and adrenal steroid hormone production. testis-specific gene disruption (PubMed:24174323) does not affect testosterone production, gametogenesis and male fertility.

10090:Or10ab4
gene id: 10090:Or10ab4
uniprot id: Q7TRV1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dnajb14
gene id: 10090:Dnajb14
uniprot id: Q149L6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a co-chaperone with HSPA8/Hsc70; required to promote protein folding and trafficking, prevent aggregation of client proteins, and promote unfolded proteins to endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Acts by determining HSPA8/Hsc70's ATPase and polypeptide-binding activities. Can also act independently of HSPA8/Hsc70: together with DNAJB12, acts as a chaperone that promotes maturation of potassium channels KCND2 and KCNH2 by stabilizing nascent channel subunits and assembling them into tetramers. While stabilization of nascent channel proteins is dependent on HSPA8/Hsc70, the process of oligomerization of channel subunits is independent of HSPA8/Hsc70. When overexpressed, forms membranous structures together with DNAJB12 and HSPA8/Hsc70 within the nucleus; the role of these structures, named DJANGOs, is still unclear.
messages: Belongs to the DnaJ family. DNAJB12/DNAJB14 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts (via J domain) with HSPA8/Hsc70. Forms a multiprotein complex, at least composed of DNAJB12, DNAJB14, HSPA8/Hsc70 and SGTA; interaction with DNAJB14 and HSPA8/Hsc70 is direct.
messages: Nucleus membrane

10090:Tex10
gene id: 10090:Tex10
uniprot id: Q3URQ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IPI1/TEX10 family.
messages: Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BAP18, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, KAT8/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10 (By similarity). Component of the 5FMC complex, at least composed of PELP1, LAS1L, TEX10, WDR18 and SENP3; the complex interacts with methylated CHTOP and ZNF148 (PubMed:22872859). Component of the PELP1 complex, composed of at least PELP1, TEX10 and WDR18. The complex interacts with pre-60S ribosome particles (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as a component of the Five Friends of Methylated CHTOP (5FMC) complex; the 5FMC complex is recruited to ZNF148 by methylated CHTOP, leading to desumoylation of ZNF148 and subsequent transactivation of ZNF148 target genes (PubMed:22872859). Component of the PELP1 complex involved in the nucleolar steps of 28S rRNA maturation and the subsequent nucleoplasmic transit of the pre-60S ribosomal subunit (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Asap1
gene id: 10090:Asap1
uniprot id: Q9QWY8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity stimulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in all tissues examined but a most abundant expression was found in the testis, brain, lung and spleen. A heightened expression was seen in the adipose tissue from obese (ob) and diabetic (db) animals.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with SRC and CRK. Interacts with RAB11FIP3. Interacts with PTK2B/PYK2. Interacts with REPS2; the interaction is direct (PubMed:12149250). Forms a complex containing RAB11A, ASAP1, RAB3IP, RAP11FIP3 and ARF4; the complex promotes preciliary trafficking; the complex binds to RHO in photoreceptor cells and promotes RHO ciliary transport (By similarity).
messages: May function as a signal transduction protein involved in the differentiation of fibroblasts into adipocytes and possibly other cell types. Posseses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-dependent GTPase-activating protein activity for ARF1 (ADP ribosylation factor 1) and ARF5 and a lesser activity towards ARF6. May coordinate membrane trafficking with cell growth or actin cytoskeleton remodeling by binding to both SRC and PIP2. Part of the ciliary targeting complex containing Rab11, ASAP1, Rabin8/RAB3IP, RAB11FIP3 and ARF4, which direct preciliary vesicle trafficking to mother centriole and ciliogenesis initiation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SRC.
messages: The PH domain most probably contributes to the phosphoinositide-dependent regulation of ADP ribosylation factors.
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Hsd17b10
gene id: 10090:Hsd17b10
uniprot id: Q99N15
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.

10090:Lefty1
gene id: 10090:Lefty1
uniprot id: Q64280
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: By 8.0 dpc, expressed exclusively on the left side of developing embryos with expression predominantly in the prospective floor plate (PFP). Weak expression in the lateral-plate mesoderm (LPM).
messages: Required for left-right axis determination as a regulator of LEFTY2 and NODAL.
messages: Secreted
messages: The processing of the protein may also occur at the second R-X-X-R site located at AA 132-135. Processing appears to be regulated in a cell-type specific manner.

10090:Hnrnpk
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpk
uniprot id: B2M1R6
uniprot id: P61979
uniprot id: Q3U9Q3
uniprot id: Q5FWJ5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By DNA damage. This up-regulation is due to protein stabilization. The constitutive protein levels are controlled by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation via the proteasome pathway.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD28 and RBM42 (By similarity). Interacts with DDX1 (By similarity). Interacts with MDM2; this interaction leads to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with ZIK1 (PubMed:8910362). Interacts with BRDT (PubMed:22570411). Interacts with IVNS1ABP (By similarity). Interacts with PPIA/CYPA (By similarity). Part of a transcription inhibitory ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of the circular RNA circZNF827, ZNF827 and HNRNPL (By similarity).
messages: O-glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated), in a cell cycle-dependent manner.
messages: One of the major pre-mRNA-binding proteins. Binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. Likely to play a role in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. Can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. Plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional coactivator of p53/TP53, playing a role in p21/CDKN1A and 14-3-3 sigma/SFN induction (By similarity). As far as transcription repression is concerned, acts by interacting with long intergenic RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21), a non-coding RNA induced by p53/TP53. This interaction is necessary for the induction of apoptosis, but not cell cycle arrest. As part of a ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of ZNF827, HNRNPL and the circular RNA circZNF827 that nucleates the complex on chromatin, may negatively regulate the transcription of genes involved in neuronal differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated by CBX4. Sumoylation is increased upon DNA damage, such as that produced by doxorubicin, etoposide, UV light and camptothecin, due to enhanced CBX4 phosphorylation by HIPK2 under these conditions (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2. Doxorubicin treatment does not affect monoubiquitination, but slightly decreases HNRNPK poly-ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: podosome

10090:Pkia
gene id: 10090:Pkia
uniprot id: P63248
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PKI family.
messages: Extremely potent competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity, this protein interacts with the catalytic subunit of the enzyme after the cAMP-induced dissociation of its regulatory chains.
messages: Present at high levels in skeletal muscle and brain but is present at lower levels in heart, testis and liver.
messages: The inhibitory site contains regions very similar to the hinge regions (sites that directly interact with the enzyme active site) and 'pseudosubstrate site' of the regulatory chains; but, unlike these chains, PKI does not contain cAMP-binding sites. The arginine residues within the inhibitory site are essential for inhibition and recognition of the enzyme active site (By similarity).

10090:Ufsp1
gene id: 10090:Ufsp1
uniprot id: Q9CZP0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C78 family.
messages: Thiol-dependent isopeptidase that recognizes and hydrolyzes the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of UFM1, a ubiquitin-like modifier protein bound to a number of target proteins. Does not hydrolyze SUMO1 or ISG15 ubiquitin-like proteins.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at higher level in brain, heart, kidney and skeletal muscle.

10090:Prl7c1
gene id: 10090:Prl7c1
uniprot id: A0A0M6L0E8
uniprot id: Q9CRB5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Detectable throughout the second half of gestation.
messages: Expressed exclusively in the placenta. Expressed in spongiotrophoblast cells and trophoblast giant cells of the junctional zone and in labyrinthine trophoblast.
messages: Secreted

10090:AW209491
gene id: 10090:AW209491
uniprot id: Q91WD4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0415 family.

10090:Prpf8
gene id: 10090:Prpf8
uniprot id: Q99PV0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to RNase H, but lacks RNase H activity.
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to reverse transcripase, presenting the classical thumb, fingers and palm architecture, but lacks enzyme activity, since the essential metal-binding residues are not conserved.
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to type-2 restriction endonucleases, but the residues that would bind catalytic metal ions in endonucleases are instead involved in hydrogen bonds that stabilize the protein structure.
messages: During embryogenesis, is highly expressed at day 9.5 of gestation, and its expression decreases progressively during embryogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Part of the U5 snRNP complex (By similarity). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39 (By similarity). Component of the U5.U4atac/U6atac snRNP complexes in U12-dependent spliceosomes (By similarity). Within the minor spliceosome, which acts on U12-type introns, interacts with PPIL2 and RBM48 (By similarity). Core component of U2-type precatalytic, catalytic and postcatalytic spliceosomal complexes (By similarity). Found in a mRNA splicing-dependent exon junction complex (EJC) with SRRM1 (By similarity). Interacts with U5 snRNP proteins SNRP116 and SNRNP40 (By similarity). Interacts with EFTUD2 (By similarity). Interacts (via the MPN (JAB/Mov34) domain) with PRPF3 ('Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitinated); may stabilize the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex (By similarity). Interacts (via RNase H homology domain) with AAR2 (By similarity). Interacts with RPAP3 and URI1 in a ZNHIT2-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with C9orf78 (By similarity). Interacts with SNRNP200 (By similarity). Interacts with TSSC4; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as core component of precatalytic, catalytic and postcatalytic spliceosomal complexes, both of the predominant U2-type spliceosome and the minor U12-type spliceosome. Functions as a scaffold that mediates the ordered assembly of spliceosomal proteins and snRNAs. Required for the assembly of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the spliceosome. Functions as scaffold that positions spliceosomal U2, U5 and U6 snRNAs at splice sites on pre-mRNA substrates, so that splicing can occur. Interacts with both the 5' and the 3' splice site.
messages: Strongly expressed in testis (preferentially in the outer cell layer), and moderately in ovary (preferentially in granulosa cells).
messages: The MPN (JAB/Mov34) domain has structural similarity with deubiquitinating enzymes, but lacks the residues that would bind the catalytic metal ion.
messages: The MPN (JAB/Mov34) domain mediates interaction with TSSC4 and SNRNP200. Has structural similarity with deubiquitinating enzymes, but lacks the residues that would bind the catalytic metal ion.

10090:Mrgpra2a
gene id: 10090:Mrgpra2a
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1Z0
uniprot id: Q91WW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a subset of sensory neurons that includes nociceptors. Expressed in the subclass of non-peptidergic sensory neurons that are IB4(+) and VR1(-).
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. May be a receptor for RFamide-family neuropeptides such as NPFF and NPAF, which are analgesic in vivo. May regulate nociceptor function and/or development, including the sensation or modulation of pain (By similarity).

10090:Gsdmc2
gene id: 10090:Gsdmc2
uniprot id: Q2KHK6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the gasdermin family.
messages: By type 2 cytokines in response to type-2 immunity following worm infection.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage by CASP8 relieves autoinhibition by releasing the N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C2, N-terminal) that initiates pyroptosis (PubMed:34290141).
messages: Homooligomer; homooligomeric ring-shaped pore complex containing 27-28 subunits when inserted in the membrane.
messages: Intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains are important for autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal. The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the N-terminal domain.
messages: Pore-forming protein that causes membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis in response to type-2 immunity (PubMed:34290141). Produced by the cleavage of gasdermin-D in response to type-2 immunity following worm infection (PubMed:34290141). After cleavage, moves to the plasma membrane where it strongly binds to membrane inner leaflet lipids (By similarity). Homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, triggering pyroptosis and lytic cell death in enterocytes (PubMed:34290141).
messages: The full-length protein before cleavage is inactive: intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains mediate autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal (By similarity). The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C2, N-terminal) following cleavage by caspase CASP8 in response to type-2 immunity following worm infection (PubMed:34290141).
messages: This form constitutes the precursor of the pore-forming protein: upon cleavage, the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C2, N-terminal) binds to membranes and forms pores, triggering pyroptosis.
messages: cytosol

10090:Mif
gene id: 10090:Mif
uniprot id: P34884
uniprot id: Q545F0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MIF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer (PubMed:16780921). Interacts with CD74 and CXCR2 extracellular domain and COPS5 (PubMed:19188446). Interacts with the USO1 and BNIPL (By similarity).
messages: Pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens (By similarity). The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense (By similarity). Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids (By similarity). Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known (PubMed:19188446, PubMed:10933783, PubMed:16780921). It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity (PubMed:19188446, PubMed:10933783, PubMed:16780921).
messages: Secreted

10090:Timd2
gene id: 10090:Timd2
uniprot id: Q8R183
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the T-cell and airway phenotype regulator (Tapr) locus, a single chromosomal region that confers reduced T-helper type 2 responsiveness and protects against airway hyperactivity (AHR), the hallmark of human asthma. The human genomic locus appears to lack the Timd2 gene.
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. TIM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface glycoprotein that participates in iron homeostasis in the liver, the kidney, the retina and oligodendrocytes by acting as a receptor of H-ferritin (PubMed:16203866, PubMed:33065090). Mechanistically, mediates iron-containing ferritin uptake via an endocytic pathway, trafficking to endosomes and subsequently to lysosomes (PubMed:16043519, PubMed:21886823). Plays also an important role in the regulation of Th2 immunity (PubMed:16043519). Receptor for SEMA4A involved in the regulation of T-cell function, enhancing T-cell activation (PubMed:12374982).
messages: Deletion mutants lead to ferritin accumulation and iron overload in the retina leading to retinal lesions.
messages: Expressed on late differentiated Th2 cells (PubMed:16043519). Expressed also on all splenic B-cells, with increased levels on germinal center B-cells, in the liver, especially in bile duct epithelial cells, and in renal tubule cells (PubMed:16203866). Within retina, mainly expressed in Mueller cells (PubMed:33065090).
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Slc12a2
gene id: 10090:Slc12a2
uniprot id: E9QM38
uniprot id: P55012
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated following phosphorylation by OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK downstream of WNK kinases (WNK1, WNK2, WNK3 or WNK4).
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC12A transporter family.
messages: Cation-chloride cotransporter which mediates the electroneutral transport of chloride, potassium and/or sodium ions across the membrane (PubMed:14563843, PubMed:32658972). Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-196, Thr-200 and Thr-205 by OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK downstream of WNK kinases (WNK1, WNK2, WNK3 or WNK4), promoting its activity.
messages: The RFXV motifs mediate binding with OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK.
messages: Widely expressed. High expression found in the cochlea, cochlear lateral wall, and the choroid plexus (PubMed:32294086). Lower expression found in the cerebellum and the cortex (PubMed:32294086).

10090:Upf1
gene id: 10090:Upf1
uniprot id: Q9EPU0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryos are viable in pre-implantation period, show complete loss of NMD but are resorbed shortly after implantation.
messages: Found in a post-splicing messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complex. Associates with the exon junction complex (EJC). Associates with the SGM1C complex; is phosphorylated by the complex kinase component SGM1. Part of a complex composed of SMG1, DHX34 and UPF1; within the complex DHX34 acts as a scaffolding protein to facilitate SMG1 phosphorylation of UPF1 (By similarity). Interacts with UPF2. Interacts with UPF3A and UPF3B. Interacts with EST1A. Interacts with SLBP. Interacts (when hyperphosphorylated) with PNRC2. Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2. Interacts with GSPT2. Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 5 of ADAR/ADAR1. Interacts with SMG7. Interacts with ZC3H12A; this interaction occurs in a mRNA translationally active- and termination-dependent manner and is essential for ZC3H12A-mediated degradation of target mRNAs. Interacts with CPSF6. Interacts with MOV10; the interaction is direct and RNA-dependent. Interacts with SHFL; the interaction increases in the presence of RNA. Interacts with UPF2 and DDX4; interactions are mediated by TDRD6 (PubMed:27149095). Interacts with DHX34 and PABPC1/PABP1; the interactions are RNA-independent (By similarity). Interacts with RBM46 (PubMed:36001654).
messages: Localizes in male germ cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-body
messages: Phosphorylated by SMG1; required for formation of mRNA surveillance complexes.
messages: RNA-dependent helicase required for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of aberrant mRNAs containing premature stop codons and modulates the expression level of normal mRNAs (By similarity). Is recruited to mRNAs upon translation termination and undergoes a cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation; its phosphorylation appears to be a key step in NMD (By similarity). Recruited by release factors to stalled ribosomes together with the SMG1C protein kinase complex to form the transient SURF (SMG1-UPF1-eRF1-eRF3) complex (By similarity). In EJC-dependent NMD, the SURF complex associates with the exon junction complex (EJC) (located 50-55 or more nucleotides downstream from the termination codon) through UPF2 and allows the formation of an UPF1-UPF2-UPF3 surveillance complex which is believed to activate NMD (By similarity). Phosphorylated UPF1 is recognized by EST1B/SMG5, SMG6 and SMG7 which are thought to provide a link to the mRNA degradation machinery involving exonucleolytic and endonucleolytic pathways, and to serve as adapters to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby triggering UPF1 dephosphorylation and allowing the recycling of NMD factors (By similarity). UPF1 can also activate NMD without UPF2 or UPF3, and in the absence of the NMD-enhancing downstream EJC indicative for alternative NMD pathways (By similarity). Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation at the end of phase S; the function is independent of UPF2 (By similarity). For the recognition of premature termination codons (PTC) and initiation of NMD a competitive interaction between UPF1 and PABPC1 with the ribosome-bound release factors is proposed (By similarity). The ATPase activity of UPF1 is required for disassembly of mRNPs undergoing NMD (By similarity). Together with UPF2 and dependent on TDRD6, mediates the degradation of mRNA harboring long 3'UTR by inducing the NMD machinery (PubMed:27149095). Also capable of unwinding double-stranded DNA and translocating on single-stra…
messages: The [ST]-Q motif constitutes a recognition sequence for kinases from the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: Weakly expressed in neonatal testes and expression increases during the development of spermatocytes and spermatids, in the late meiotic and postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Glb1l3
gene id: 10090:Glb1l3
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSK9
uniprot id: A2RSQ1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.

10090:BC005624
gene id: 10090:BC005624
uniprot id: Q3TQI7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TLS1 family.
messages: Component of the spliceosome (By similarity). Interacts with SNRNP200; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with PRPF8 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing by promoting usage of the upstream 3'-splice site at alternative NAGNAG splice sites; these are sites featuring alternative acceptor motifs separated by only a few nucleotides (By similarity). May also modulate exon inclusion events (By similarity). PPlays a role in spliceosomal remodeling by displacing WBP4 from SNRNP200 and may act to inhibit SNRNP200 helicase activity (By similarity). Binds U5 snRNA (By similarity). Required for proper chromosome segregation (By similarity). Not required for splicing of shelterin components (By similarity).
messages: centromere

10090:Lrrc1
gene id: 10090:Lrrc1
uniprot id: Q80VQ1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with DLG1. May form a complex with DLG1 and ERBIN, where interaction between LRRC1 and ERBIN is indirect (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccn2
gene id: 10090:Ccn2
uniprot id: P29268
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCN family.
messages: By growth factors.
messages: Major connective tissue mitoattractant secreted by vascular endothelial cells. Promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes (By similarity). Mediates heparin- and divalent cation-dependent cell adhesion in many cell types including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells (By similarity). Enhances fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis (By similarity).
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with TSKU (PubMed:30232710).
messages: Secreted
messages: Testis, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, and brain (lowest level in testis and highest in lung).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Polr2l
gene id: 10090:Polr2l
uniprot id: P62876
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the archaeal Rpo10/eukaryotic RPB10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I), RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complexes consisting of at least 13, 12 and 17 subunits, respectively.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and a small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, POLR2L/RBP10 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Eci1
gene id: 10090:Eci1
uniprot id: P42125
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Able to isomerize both 3-cis and 3-trans double bonds into the 2-trans form in a range of enoyl-CoA species.
messages: Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Kyat3
gene id: 10090:Kyat3
uniprot id: Q71RI9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the irreversible transamination of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form kynurenic acid (KA), an intermediate in the tryptophan catabolic pathway which is also a broad spectrum antagonist of the three ionotropic excitatory amino acid receptors among others (PubMed:19029248). May catalyze the beta-elimination of S-conjugates and Se-conjugates of L-(seleno)cysteine, resulting in the cleavage of the C-S or C-Se bond (PubMed:19029248). Has transaminase activity towards L-kynurenine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, serine, cysteine, methionine, histidine, glutamine and asparagine with glyoxylate as an amino group acceptor (in vitro). Has lower activity with 2-oxoglutarate as amino group acceptor (in vitro) (PubMed:19029248).
messages: Expressed from postnatal day (PND) 7 and peaks in adult.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Kynurenine transamination is competitively inhibited by cysteine, glutamine, histidine, methionine, leucine, or phenylalanine.
messages: Widely expressed, with higher expression levels in liver, kidney, heart and neuroendocrine tissues.

10090:Foxk1
gene id: 10090:Foxk1
uniprot id: P42128
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 13.5 dpc in developing muscle, limbs, trunk, and heart.
messages: Expressed in tissues and cells in which the myoglobin gene is transcriptionally active including cardiac and skeletal myocytes, brain and kidney (PubMed:8007964, PubMed:9271401). In the adult brain, expressed in the piriform cortex and the indusium griseum. In the hippocampus, expression is localized to the dentate gyrus and CA3 area (PubMed:16376864). In the cerebellum, expression is confined to the Purkinje cell layer (PubMed:16376864). Present in neuroretinal cells: expressed in rod bipolar cells, amacrine cells and ganglion cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23714736).
messages: Interacts with SIN3A and SIN3B (via PAH2) to form a complex which represses transcription (PubMed:10620510). Component of SIN3A-, but not SIN3B-, containing multiprotein complexes (PubMed:25402684). Interacts with FOXO4 and MEF2C; both interactions inhibit FOXO4 and MEF2C transactivation activity (PubMed:22956541). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with YWHAE/14-3-3-epsilon; promotes sequestration in the cytoplasm and leads to impaired ability to bind DNA (PubMed:29861159). Interacts with FHL2 (PubMed:20013826). Interacts with SRF (By similarity). Interacts with DVL2 and DVL3; the interaction induces DVL2 nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with BAP1 (when phosphorylated) (By similarity).
messages: Mutants exhibit a growth deficiency and a severe impairment in skeletal muscle regeneration following injury (PubMed:12446708, PubMed:10792059). They show atrophic skeletal muscles and their satellite cell function is impaired (PubMed:10792059). Double knockouts of CDKN1A and FOXK1 don't show significant differences compared to wild-type (PubMed:12446708).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by GSK3 (GSK3A or GSK3B) promotes interaction with YWHAE/14-3-3-epsilon and retention in the cytoplasm (PubMed:29861159). In response to mTORC1 signaling, phosphorylation by GSK3 is prevented, leading to translocation to the nucleus (PubMed:29861159).
messages: The mode of regulation of FOXK1 by mTORC1 is controversial. According to a first report, mTORC1 signaling promotes phosphorylation of FOXK1 and nuclear exclusion (PubMed:25402684). According to a second report, mTORC1 signaling prevents phosphorylation by GSK3 (GSK3A or GSK3B), thereby promoting translocation to the nucleus (PubMed:29861159).
messages: Transcriptional regulator involved in different processes such as glucose metabolism, aerobic glycolysis, muscle cell differentiation and autophagy (PubMed:25402684, PubMed:29861159, PubMed:30700909). Recognizes and binds the forkhead DNA sequence motif (5'-GTAAACA-3') and can both act as a transcription activator or repressor, depending on the context (PubMed:25402684, PubMed:29861159, PubMed:30700909). Together with FOXK2, acts as a key regulator of metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis, a process in which glucose is converted to lactate in the presence of oxygen (PubMed:30700909). Acts by promoting expression of enzymes for glycolysis (such as hexokinase-2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase (PKLR) and lactate dehydrogenase), while suppressing further oxidation of pyruvate in the mitochondria by up-regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases PDK1 and PDK4 (PubMed:30700909). Probably plays a role in gluconeogenesis during overnight fasting, when lactate from white adipose tissue and muscle is the main substrate (PubMed:30700909). Involved in mTORC1-mediated metabolic reprogramming: in response to mTORC1 signaling, translocates into the nucleus and regulates the expression of genes associated with glycolysis and downstream anabolic pathways, such as HIF1A, thereby regulating glucose metabolism (PubMed:29861159). Together with FOXK2, acts as a negative regulator of autophagy in skeletal muscle: in response to starvation, enters the nucleus, binds the promoters of autophagy genes and represses their expression, preventing proteolysis of skeletal muscle proteins (PubMed:25402684). Acts as a transcriptional regulator of the myogenic progenitor cell population in skeletal muscle (PubMed:8007964, PubMed:9271401, PubMed:12446708, PubMed:22956541). Binds to the upstream enhancer region (CCAC box) of myoglobin (MB) gene, regulating the myogenic progenitor cell population (PubMed:8007964, PubMed:9271401). Promotes muscle progenitor cell proliferation by re…

10090:Alg10b
gene id: 10090:Alg10b
uniprot id: Q3UGP8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ALG10 glucosyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with KCNH1 and KCNH2.
messages: Putative alpha-1,2-glucosyltransferase, which adds the third glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol (By similarity). When coupled to KCNH2 may reduce KCNH2 sensitivity to classic proarrhythmic drug blockade, possibly by mediating glycosylation of KCNH2 (By similarity). Has a role in maintenance of cochlear outer hair cell function (PubMed:24303013).

10090:Lnx2
gene id: 10090:Lnx2
uniprot id: Q91XL2
names: Domain
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with the phosphotyrosine interaction domain of NUMB.
messages: The NPXY motif is required for the interaction with the PID domain of NUMB. It is however not sufficient.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Gulo
gene id: 10090:Gulo
uniprot id: P58710
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in liver.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Oxidizes L-gulono-1,4-lactone to hydrogen peroxide and L-xylo-hexulonolactone which spontaneously isomerizes to L-ascorbate.

10090:Glce
gene id: 10090:Glce
uniprot id: Q9EPS3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase family.
messages: Converts D-glucuronic acid residues adjacent to N-sulfate sugar residues to L-iduronic acid residues, both in maturing heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin chains. This is important for further modifications that determine the specificity of interactions between these glycosaminoglycans and proteins.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with HS2ST1 (PubMed:11687650).
messages: Perinatal lethality. Pups die shortly after birth, apparently from respiratory failure. Mice show immature lung structure, lack kidneys, have abnormally small thymus and spleen, defects in inguinal lymph node development and in blood vessel formation proximal to the inguinal lymph nodes, and display important skeletal deficiencies. Mutant mice have heparan and heparin chains that are deficient in iduronic acid residues, and that therefore have altered O-sulfation patterns.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in lung and lowest levels in spleen.

10090:Anxa11
gene id: 10090:Anxa11
uniprot id: P97384
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with S100A6. Interacts with PDCD6 in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with KIF23 during cytokinesis.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Required for midbody formation and completion of the terminal phase of cytokinesis (By similarity). Binds specifically to calcyclin in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: spindle

10090:Atoh8
gene id: 10090:Atoh8
uniprot id: Q99NA2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains a degenerate basic motif not likely to bind DNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Interacts with NEUROG3 and NEUROD1. Interacts with ZFPM2; mediates indirect interaction with GATA4. Forms a heterodimer with TCF3; repress transcription of TCF3 and TCF3/NEUROG3 dimer-induced transactivation of E box-dependent promoters.
messages: Expressed at high levels at 8.5 dpc and its expression level gradually decreases during embryogenesis. At 12.5 dpc, is expressed throughout the developing nervous system. It is expressed in both the ventricular zone and the mantle layer of the developing brain. At 14.5 dpc, expressed in the cortical plate as well as in other regions of the brain. Also expressed at a high level in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. Expressed by almost all cells in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia at this stage. At later stages, expression is gradually restricted to several regions such as the hippocampus, cerebellum and retina. In the hippocampus, a high level of expression continues during embryogenesis until adulthood. Expressed in the CA1-CA3 regions and the dentate gyrus. At 18.5 dpc, expressed in cerebellum by Purkinje cells and granule cell precursors in the external granular layer (EGL). By postnatal day 4, expressed by aligned Purkinje cells and by the EGL and internal granular layer (IGL) cells. In the adult cerebellum, expressed at a high level by Purkinje cells and weakly by granule cells in the IGL. In developing retina, expressed in both the ganglion cell layer and the ventricular zone at 11.5 dpc and 17.5 dpc. Expression becomes very weak in the adult retina. Early in metanephric development, expressed in metanephric mesenchyme but not ureteric bud-derived cells, with overall expression being most abundant in the nephrogenic zone. From 14.5 dpc to birth, expressed at constant levels. By day 13, corresponding to the end of new nephron induction, expression levels begin to decline. By day 19, expression returned to fetal levels, and by day 40, the low level of expression that persisted into adulthood is established. In adult kidney, expression is restricted to podocytes. Expressed in pancreatic tissue from 12.5 dpc until 17.5 dpc. Is still detectable at low level,at postnatal day 1 and in isolated pancreatic islets in adult (PubMed:18560595).
messages: Expressed by subsets of mature neurons (PubMed:11733035). Expressed in kidney (podocytes) (PubMed:16937370). Expression is restricted to the atria, lung mesenchyme, and vascular smooth muscle (PubMed:23836893).
messages: Mice heterozygous survive to adulthood and present no phenotype (PubMed:18560595). The homozygous knockout of Atoh8 is embryonic lethal (PubMed:18560595).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Specifically activated by bHLH factors.
messages: The bHLH domain mediates transcriptional repression by inhibiting TCF3 transcriptional activity through heterodimerization.
messages: Transcription factor that binds a palindromic (canonical) core consensus DNA sequence 5'-CANNTG- 3' known as an E-box element, possibly as a heterodimer with other bHLH proteins (By similarity). Regulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube-like structures formation (By similarity). Modulates endothelial cell differentiation through NOS3 (By similarity). May be implicated in specification and differentiation of neuronal cell lineages in the brain (PubMed:11733035). May participate in kidney development and may be involved in podocyte differentiation (PubMed:16937370). During early embryonic development is involved in tissue-specific differentiation processes that are dependent on class II bHLH factors and namely modulates the differentiation program initiated by the pro-endocrine factor NEUROG3 (PubMed:18560595). During myogenesis, may play a role during the transition of myoblasts from the proliferative phase to the differentiation phase (PubMed:24186058). Positively regulates HAMP transcription in two ways, firstly by acting directly on the HAMP promoter via E-boxes binding and indirectly through increased phosphorylation of SMAD protein complex (By similarity). Repress NEUROG3-dependent gene activation in a gene-specific manner through at least two mechanisms; requires only either the sequestering of a general partner such as TCF3 through heterodimerization, either also requires binding of the bHLH domain to DNA via a basic motif (PubMed:23938248).

10090:Batf
gene id: 10090:Batf
uniprot id: O35284
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AP-1 family transcription factor that controls the differentiation of lineage-specific cells in the immune system: specifically mediates the differentiation of T-helper 17 cells (Th17), follicular T-helper cells (TfH), CD8(+) dendritic cells and class-switch recombination (CSR) in B-cells. Acts via the formation of a heterodimer with JUNB that recognizes and binds DNA sequence 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3'. The BATF-JUNB heterodimer also forms a complex with IRF4 (or IRF8) in immune cells, leading to recognition of AICE sequence (5'-TGAnTCA/GAAA-3'), an immune-specific regulatory element, followed by cooperative binding of BATF and IRF4 (or IRF8) and activation of genes. Controls differentiation of T-helper cells producing interleukin-17 (Th17 cells) by binding to Th17-associated gene promoters: regulates expression of the transcription factor RORC itself and RORC target genes such as IL17 (IL17A or IL17B). Also involved in differentiation of follicular T-helper cells (TfH) by directing expression of BCL6 and MAF. In B-cells, involved in class-switch recombination (CSR) by controlling the expression of both AICDA and of germline transcripts of the intervening heavy-chain region and constant heavy-chain region (I(H)-C(H)). Following infection, can participate in CD8(+) dendritic cell differentiation via interaction with IRF4 and IRF8 to mediate cooperative gene activation. Regulates effector CD8(+) T-cell differentiation by regulating expression of SIRT1. Following DNA damage, part of a differentiation checkpoint that limits self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs): up-regulated by STAT3, leading to differentiation of HSCs, thereby restricting self-renewal of HSCs.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in postnatal and adult lymphoid tissues such as thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. In thymus most concentrated expression is found in the immediate cortical layer. Differentially expressed during T-cell development in thymus. Highly expressed in Th17, Th1 and Th2 cells and in activated B-cells.
messages: Heterodimer; mainly heterodimerizes with JUNB. The BATF-JUNB heterodimer interacts with IRF4 and IRF8. Interacts (via bZIP domain) with IRF4 and IRF8; the interaction is direct. Also forms heterodimers with JUN and JUND. Interacts with IFI35.
messages: Mice are fertile and healthy. They display a normal thymus, spleen and lymph node development, and normal CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell development. They also show normal development of natural killer T-cells, B-cells, and conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. They however show defects in T-helper 17 cells (Th17) differentiation and are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Loss of follicular T-helper cells (TfH), as well as less production of antibodies with switched isotypes in B-cells is also observed.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues and at least one tyrosine residue. Phosphorylation at Ser-43 inhibit DNA binding activity and transforms it as a negative regulator of AP-1 mediated transcription.
messages: Up-regulated by STAT3 in response to DNA damage. Induces by IL12 at late effector stage. Down-regulated by STAT5 in follicular T-helper cells (TfH).

10090:Hamp2
gene id: 10090:Hamp2
uniprot id: Q80T19
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the hepcidin family.
messages: Highly expressed in the liver and to a much lesser extent in the heart. Also expressed in pancreas.
messages: Secreted
messages: Seems to act as a signaling molecule involved in the maintenance of iron homeostasis.

10090:Hadha
gene id: 10090:Hadha
uniprot id: Q8BMS1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-569 and Lys-728 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Heterotetramer of 2 alpha/HADHA and 2 beta/HADHB subunits; forms the mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme (By similarity). Also purified as higher order heterooligomers including a 4 alpha/HADHA and 4 beta/HADHB heterooligomer which physiological significance remains unclear (By similarity). The mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme interacts with MTLN (PubMed:29949755).
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
messages: In the central section; belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
messages: Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha/HADHA described here carries the 2,3-enoyl-CoA hydratase and the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities while the trifunctional enzyme subunit beta/HADHB bears the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity. Independently of the subunit beta, the trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha/HADHA also has a monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase activity. It acylates monolysocardiolipin into cardiolipin, a major mitochondrial membrane phospholipid which plays a key role in apoptosis and supports mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the generation of ATP. Allows the acylation of monolysocardiolipin with different acyl-CoA substrates including oleoyl-CoA for which it displays the highest activity.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Chct1
gene id: 10090:Chct1
uniprot id: Q9D979
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exclusively expressed in testes.
messages: May play a role in regulation of apoptosis.
messages: The CHD1 helical C-terminal domain (CHCT) may bind DNA and nucleosomes.

10090:Zfp14
gene id: 10090:Zfp14
uniprot id: P10755
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rgp1
gene id: 10090:Rgp1
uniprot id: Q8BHT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RGP1 family.
messages: Forms a complex with RIC1; the interaction enhances RAB6A GTPase activity. Interacts with RIC1. Interacts with RAB6A; the interaction is direct with a preference for RAB6A-GDP. Interacts with RAB33B.
messages: Membrane
messages: The RIC1-RGP1 complex acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which activates RAB6A by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP and may thereby required for efficient fusion of endosome-derived vesicles with the Golgi compartment. The RIC1-RGP1 complex participates in the recycling of mannose-6-phosphate receptors.
messages: cytosol

10090:H2-T3
gene id: 10090:H2-T3
uniprot id: Q05A75
uniprot id: Q8HWB4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Carmil1
gene id: 10090:Carmil1
uniprot id: D3Z030
uniprot id: Q6EDY6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CARMIL family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane-cytoskeleton-associated protein that plays a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the barbed end of actin filaments. Prevents F-actin heterodimeric capping protein (CP) activity at the leading edges of migrating cells, and hence generates uncapped barbed ends and enhances actin polymerization, however, seems unable to nucleate filaments (PubMed:16054028). Plays a role in lamellipodial protrusion formations and cell migration (PubMed:16054028).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with heterodimeric capping protein (CP); this interaction uncaps barbed ends capped by CP, enhances barbed-end actin polymerization and promotes lamellipodial formation and cell migration (PubMed:16054028). Interacts with MYO1E (By similarity). Interacts with TRIO (By similarity).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: The C-terminus is necessary for localization to the cell membrane.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Dyrk1a
gene id: 10090:Dyrk1a
uniprot id: A1L341
uniprot id: A9C475
uniprot id: Q61214
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on numerous tyrosine residues. Can also autophosphorylate on serine and threonine residues (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MNB/DYRK subfamily.
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:22998443). Expressed in a variety of embryonic and adult tissues (PubMed:8975710). Expressed abundantly in neurons of the brain, spinal cord, and retina in developing embryos (PubMed:8975710). Expressed in the entorhinal, temporal and visual cortices and the hippocampus of the brain where is colocalizes with SEPTIN4 (PubMed:18938227). Expressed and extensively colocalizes with SEPTIN4 in apical dendrites of pyramidal cells (PubMed:18938227). Also expressed in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum in postnatal day 1 and adult mice (PubMed:18938227).
messages: Dual-specificity kinase which possesses both serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase activities (PubMed:18938227, PubMed:20123978). Exhibits a substrate preference for proline at position P+1 and arginine at position P-3 (By similarity). Plays an important role in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair following DNA damage (By similarity). Mechanistically, phosphorylates RNF169 and increases its ability to block accumulation of TP53BP1 at the DSB sites thereby promoting homologous recombination repair (HRR) (By similarity). Also acts as a positive regulator of transcription by acting as a CTD kinase that mediates phosphorylation of the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) POLR2A (By similarity). May play a role in a signaling pathway regulating nuclear functions of cell proliferation (By similarity). Modulates alternative splicing by phosphorylating the splice factor SRSF6 (By similarity). Has pro-survival function and negatively regulates the apoptotic process (PubMed:20167603). Promotes cell survival upon genotoxic stress through phosphorylation of SIRT1 (PubMed:20167603). This in turn inhibits p53/TP53 activity and apoptosis (PubMed:20167603). Phosphorylates SEPTIN4, SEPTIN5 and SF3B1 at 'Thr-434' (PubMed:18938227).
messages: Inhibited by RANBP9.
messages: Interacts with RANBP9 (By similarity). Interacts with RAD54L2/ARIP4 (PubMed:15199138). Interacts with WDR68 (By similarity). Interacts with CRY2 (PubMed:20123978). Interacts with SIRT1 (PubMed:20167603).
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The histidine-rich domain (HRD) region is intrinsically disordered and promotes the formation of phase-separated liquid droplets that enhance its ability to phosphorylate the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II).
messages: The polyhistidine repeats act as targeting signals to nuclear speckles.

10090:Gvin2
gene id: 10090:Gvin2
uniprot id: Q80SU7
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Very large inducible GTPase (VLIG) family.
messages: By interferons. Induced both in response to IFN type I (IFN-alpha and -beta) and IFN type II (IFN-gamma).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at low basal level in lung, heart, thymus and spleen; at still lower level in liver, ovary, kidney and brain. Expressed at very weak level in testis. Undetectable in embryo.
messages: cytosol

10090:Ilf2
gene id: 10090:Ilf2
uniprot id: Q9CXY6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromatin-interacting protein that forms a stable heterodimer with interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3/ILF3 and plays a role in several biological processes including transcription, innate immunity or cell growth (PubMed:10574923). Essential for the efficient reshuttling of ILF3 (isoform 1 and isoform 2) into the nucleus. Together with ILF3, forms an RNA-binding complex that is required for mitotic progression and cytokinesis by regulating the expression of a cluster of mitotic genes. Mechanistically, competes with STAU1/STAU2-mediated mRNA decay. Also plays a role in the inhibition of various viruses including Japanese encephalitis virus or enterovirus 71 (By similarity) (PubMed:10574923).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, kidney and ovary; highly expressed in testis, particularly within pachytene cells.
messages: Expression in testis begins with developmental differentiation of pachytene spermatocytes.
messages: Forms heterodimers with ILF3. ILF2-ILF3 heterodimers may also bind to PRKDC/XRCC7: this may stabilize the interaction of PRKDC/XRCC7 and the heterodimeric complex of G22P1/KU70 and XRCC5/KU80. Forms a complex with ILF3, YLPM1, KHDRBS1, RBMX, NCOA5 and PPP1CA. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with CRBN; this interaction promotes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of ILF2.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-45 by CRBN with polyubiquitin chains by the CUL4-RING E3 ligase (CRL4-CRBN) and then degraded by the proteasome.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Or9a7
gene id: 10090:Or9a7
uniprot id: Q8VF30
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Atg7
gene id: 10090:Atg7
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQN4
uniprot id: Q3TM87
uniprot id: Q9D906
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by EP300.
messages: Belongs to the ATG7 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Facilitates LC3-I lipidation with phosphatidylethanolamine to form LC3-II which is found on autophagosomal membranes (By similarity). Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Modulates p53/TP53 activity to regulate cell cycle and survival during metabolic stress. Also plays a key role in the maintenance of axonal homeostasis, the prevention of axonal degeneration, the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, the formation of Paneth cell granules, as well as in adipose differentiation. Plays a role in regulating the liver clock and glucose metabolism by mediating the autophagic degradation of CRY1 (clock repressor) in a time-dependent manner (PubMed:29937374).
messages: E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Modulates p53/TP53 activity to regulate cell cycle and survival during metabolic stress.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ATG3, FOXO1 and EP300 acetyltransferase. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. Interacts with FOXO1 (By similarity). Forms intermediate conjugates with ATG8 family proteins such as GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, or GABARAPL1. Interacts with ATG12.
messages: Leads to hepatomegaly in liver and accumulation of abnormal organelles in hepatic cells (PubMed:15866887). Liver-specific knockout leads to loss of autophagy, increased accumulation of CRY1, decreased blood glucose levels due to impaired gluconeogenesis and the disruption of the circadian clock in the liver (PubMed:29937374).
messages: Preautophagosomal structure
messages: The C-terminal part of the protein is essential for the dimerization and interaction with ATG3 and ATG12.
messages: The N-terminal FAP motif (residues 11 to 13) is essential for the formation of the ATG89-PE and ATG5-ATG12 conjugates.
messages: Widely expressed, especially in kidney, liver, lymph nodes and bone marrow.

10090:Plcb3
gene id: 10090:Plcb3
uniprot id: P51432
uniprot id: Q8CI86
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, skeletal muscle, liver, lung, heart and brain.
messages: Interacts with SHANK2 (By similarity). Interacts with LPAR2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes.

10090:Impg2
gene id: 10090:Impg2
uniprot id: Q80XH2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chondroitin sulfate- and hyaluronan-binding proteoglycan involved in the organization of interphotoreceptor matrix; may participate in the maturation and maintenance of the light-sensitive photoreceptor outer segment. Binds heparin.
messages: Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:12589770, PubMed:29777959). Expressed in the pineal gland (PubMed:12589770).
messages: Increasing expression in retina from 15 dpc to adulthood: expressed at P8 when photoreceptor outer segments are in active stages of elongation; elevated expression at P10 in the developing IPM and at P15 in the region adjacent to the retina pigment epithelium (RPE). From P18 to P35, more homogeneously present in the IPM surrounding both cones and rods.
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment membrane
messages: Photoreceptor outer segment membrane
messages: interphotoreceptor matrix

10090:Cstdc6
gene id: 10090:Cstdc6
uniprot id: L7N257
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.

10090:Cpt1a
gene id: 10090:Cpt1a
uniprot id: P97742
uniprot id: Q3UGT1
uniprot id: Q7TQD5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A conformation change in the N-terminal region spanning the first 42 residues plays an important role in the regulation of enzyme activity by malonyl-CoA.
messages: Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of the acyl group of long-chain fatty acid-CoA conjugates onto carnitine, an essential step for the mitochondrial uptake of long-chain fatty acids and their subsequent beta-oxidation in the mitochondrion (PubMed:16169268, PubMed:17030509). Plays an important role in hepatic triglyceride metabolism (By similarity).
messages: Complete lethality during early embryogenesis. Heterozygous mice are prone to liver steatosis. Compared to wild-type, heterozygotes show minor differences in blood glucose levels and in serum free fatty acid levels after fasting.
messages: Homohexamer and homotrimer (By similarity). Identified in a complex that contains at least CPT1A, ACSL1 and VDAC1 (By similarity). Also identified in complexes with ACSL1 and VDAC2 and VDAC3 (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by malonyl-CoA.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Taar1
gene id: 10090:Taar1
uniprot id: Q923Y8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for trace amines, including beta-phenylethylamine (b-PEA), p-tyramine (p-TYR), octopamine and tryptamine, with highest affinity for b-PEA and p-TYR. Unresponsive to classical biogenic amines, such as epinephrine and histamine and only partially activated by dopamine and serotonin. Trace amines are biogenic amines present in very low levels in mammalian tissues. Although some trace amines have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Trace amines are likely to be involved in a variety of physiological functions that have yet to be fully understood. The signal transduced by this receptor is mediated by the G(s)-class of G-proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.
messages: Widely distributed throughout the brain. Strongly expressed in the mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb, piriform cortex, the arcuate, motor, and mesencephalic trigeminal nuclei, lateral reticular and hypoglossal nuclei, cerebellar Purkinje cells, and ventral horn of the spinal cord. Moderately expressed in the frontal, entorhinal, and agranular cortices, the ventral pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus, several hypothalamic nuclei, ambiguus, dorsal raphe, and gigantocellular reticular nuclei. Weakly expressed in the septum, basal ganglia, amygdala, myelencephalon, and spinal cord dorsal horn. Particularly interesting is the moderate expression in several monoaminergic cell groups, namely the dorsal raphe, the locus coeruleus, and the ventral tegmental area.

10090:D8Ertd738e
gene id: 10090:D8Ertd738e
uniprot id: Q8R1F0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0390 family.
messages: May have a potential role in hypercalcemia of malignancy.

10090:Mis12
gene id: 10090:Mis12
uniprot id: Q9CY25
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mis12 family.
messages: Component of the MIS12 complex composed of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1. Also interacts with KNL1, CBX3, CBX5, NDC80 and ZWINT.
messages: Part of the MIS12 complex which is required for normal chromosome alignment and segregation and for kinetochore formation during mitosis. Essential for proper kinetochore microtubule attachments.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Pou3f1
gene id: 10090:Pou3f1
uniprot id: P21952
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-3 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in embryonal stem cells and in the developing brain (PubMed:1979677). Down-regulated in embryonic stem cells upon differentiation (PubMed:1979677). Expressed in the sciatic nerves at postnatal days P6 to P12 (PubMed:10068633).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT-3') (PubMed:1979677, PubMed:1976514). Acts as a transcriptional activator when binding cooperatively with SOX4, SOX11, or SOX12 to gene promoters (PubMed:18505825). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of myelin-specific genes (By similarity).

10090:Pjvk
gene id: 10090:Pjvk
uniprot id: Q0ZLH2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the gasdermin family.
messages: By noise exposure.
messages: In ear, it is detected in the organ of Corti and the spiral ganglion within the cochlea in the sensory areas of the vestibule (cristae ampullares of the semicircular ducts, and maculae of the saccule and utricle) and in the first 3 relays (cochlear nuclei, superior olivary complex and inferior colliculus) of the afferent auditory pathway (PubMed:16804542). Detected in hair cells of the cochlea and vestibule but not in neurons (PubMed:17329413, PubMed:28089576). In the afferent auditory pathway, it is present in the cell bodies of neurons but not in fiber bundles such as the trapezoid body in the brainstem (PubMed:16804542). Also detected in spiral ganglion cells, which form the auditory nerve and project to the cochlear nuclei in the brainstem (PubMed:16804542). Also present in the cochlear nuclei, the superior olive and the inferior colliculus (at protein level) (PubMed:16804542). Expressed in all the adult organs tested: brain, eye, inner ear, heart, lung, kidney, liver, intestine, testis and weakly in skeletal muscle (PubMed:16804542).
messages: Interacts with MAP1LC3B; interaction is direct (PubMed:30936319). Interacts with IQGAP1 (PubMed:28089576). Interacts with ROCK2 (PubMed:28089576). Interacts with TRIOBP (PubMed:28209736).
messages: Mice display progressive hearing loss caused by hypervulnerability to sound exposure (PubMed:17329413, PubMed:26544938). Cochleas display features of marked oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses, and peroxisomes in hair cells show structural abnormalities after the onset of hearing (PubMed:26544938). Mice with conditional deletion in all sensory hair cells show auditory phenotypes with early-onset profound hearing loss and outer hair cell degeneration (PubMed:28089576, PubMed:28209736). Mice with conditional deletion in outer hair cells show auditory phenotypes with early-onset profound hearing loss (PubMed:28089576). Conditional deletion in adult outer hair cells causes a slowly progressive hearing loss associated with outer hair cells degeneration and delayed loss of inner hair cells (PubMed:28089576).
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: Peroxisome-associated protein required to protect auditory hair cells against noise-induced damage (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319). Acts by regulating noise-induced peroxisome proliferation in auditory hair cells and neurons, and promoting autophagic degradation of damaged peroxisomes (pexophagy) (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319). Noise overexposure increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, causing oxidative damage to auditory hair cells and resulting in hearing loss (PubMed:30936319). PJVK acts as a ROS sensor that recruits the autophagy machinery to trigger pexophagy of peroxisomes damaged by oxidative stress (PubMed:30936319). In addition to pexophagy, also required to promote peroxisome proliferation in response to sound overstimulation (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319).
messages: cilium

10090:Zeb1
gene id: 10090:Zeb1
uniprot id: Q64318
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to E-box sequences in the immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer as well as in the regulatory regions of many other tissue-specific genes. Represses E-cadherin promoter and induces an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by recruiting SMARCA4/BRG1. Represses BCL6 transcription in the presence of the corepressor CTBP1 (By similarity). Positively regulates neuronal differentiation. Represses RCOR1 transcription activation during neurogenesis. Represses transcription by binding to the E box (5'-CANNTG-3'). In the absence of TGFB1, acts as a repressor of COL1A2 transcription via binding to the E-box in the upstream enhancer region (PubMed:20713358). Promotes tumorigenicity by repressing stemness-inhibiting microRNAs (PubMed:19935649).
messages: Belongs to the delta-EF1/ZFH-1 C2H2-type zinc-finger family.
messages: Expressed in the external germinal layer (EGL) and internal granular layer (IGL) of the cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: Induced during Neurod2-induced neurogenesis.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with SMARCA4/BRG1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Chrm2
gene id: 10090:Chrm2
uniprot id: Q9ERZ4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily. CHRM2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with RACK1; the interaction regulates CHRM2 internalization (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated in response to agonist treatment.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. Signaling promotes phospholipase C activity, leading to the release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3); this then triggers calcium ion release into the cytosol (By similarity).

10090:Cks2
gene id: 10090:Cks2
uniprot id: P56390
uniprot id: Q545R9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CKS family.
messages: Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
messages: Forms a homohexamer that can probably bind six kinase subunits.

10090:Pnpla6
gene id: 10090:Pnpla6
uniprot id: A0A140LI54
uniprot id: Q3TRM4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NTE family.
messages: Embryonically lethal. At 9 dpc, embryos are smaller, and their development is delayed (PubMed:12640454). At 10-11 dpc, the development is arrested with signs of resorption (PubMed:12640454). Heterozygous mice have lower catalytic activity towards the synthetic compound phenyl valerate in the brain and show increased motor activity (PubMed:12640454).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, testes and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:12640454). Expressed ubiquitously in brain of young mice (PubMed:10640712). Reaching adulthood, there is a most prominent expression in Purkinje cells, granule cells and pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus and some large neurons in the medulla oblongata, nucleus dentatus and pons (PubMed:10640712).
messages: Expressed in the embryonic respiratory system, different epithelial structures and strongly in the spinal ganglia, during the development.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Inhibited by a series a OPs such as mipafox (MPX), phenyl saligenin phosphate (PSP), phenyl dipentyl phosphinate (PDPP), diisopropyl fluorophosphate and paraoxon.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phospholipase B that deacylates intracellular phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), generating glycerophosphocholine (GroPtdCho) (PubMed:18086666) (Probable). This deacylation occurs at both sn-2 and sn-1 positions of PtdCho. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of several naturally occurring membrane-associated lipids. Hydrolyzes lysophospholipids and monoacylglycerols, preferring the 1-acyl to the 2-acyl isomer. Does not catalyze hydrolysis of di- or triacylglycerols or fatty acid amides (By similarity).
messages: Specific chemical modification by some organophosphorus (OP) compounds leads to distal axonopathy in humans and chicken (Probable). The effects of these compounds in mice appear to be less severe (Probable). Mice treated with 1 mg/kg/body weight of ethyl octylphosphonofluoridate (EOPF) have elevated motor activity in the long term (PubMed:12640454). Higher doses result in increased mortality (PubMed:12640454).

10090:Il18r1
gene id: 10090:Il18r1
uniprot id: Q61098
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Forms a ternary complex with IL18 and IL18RAP (By similarity). Within this complex, IL18R1 is involved in ligand-binding and IL18RAP in signaling leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation (By similarity). Interacts with SLC12A3 in peritoneal macrophages; this interaction is increased by IL18 treatment (PubMed:26099046).
messages: Membrane
messages: The TIR domain mediates NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity. Self-association of TIR domains is required for NADase activity.
messages: Within the IL18 receptor complex, responsible for the binding of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL18, but not IL1A nor IL1B. Involved in IL18-mediated IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells (By similarity). Contributes to IL18-induced cytokine production, either independently of SLC12A3, or as a complex with SLC12A3 (PubMed:26099046).

10090:Gcnt3
gene id: 10090:Gcnt3
uniprot id: Q5JCT0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that can synthesize all known mucin beta 6 N-acetylglucosaminides. Mediates core 2 and core 4 O-glycan branching, 2 important steps in mucin-type biosynthesis. Has also I-branching enzyme activity by converting linear into branched poly-N-acetyllactosaminoglycans, leading to introduce the blood group I antigen during embryonic development.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Pard3
gene id: 10090:Pard3
uniprot id: A5D6P2
uniprot id: B7ZNY3
uniprot id: E9PYJ2
uniprot id: G3XA13
uniprot id: Q99NH2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated. Deacetylated by SIRT2, thereby inhibiting Schwann cell peripheral myelination.
messages: Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes (By similarity). Seems to play a central role in the formation of epithelial tight junctions (By similarity). Targets the phosphatase PTEN to cell junctions (By similarity). Association with PARD6B may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly (PubMed:11839275). The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins (By similarity). Required for establishment of neuronal polarity and normal axon formation in cultured hippocampal neurons (By similarity). Involved in Schwann cell peripheral myelination (PubMed:21949390).
messages: All isoforms are expressed in heart, while expression in brain is mainly limited to isoform 1, and to isoform 3 to a weaker level.
messages: Belongs to the PAR3 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains a conserved N-terminal oligomerization domain (NTD) that is involved in oligomerization and is essential for proper subapical membrane localization.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed at the outer limiting membrane of the retina at 3 months of age.
messages: Expressed in the oocyte from 9.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc.
messages: Expression decreases in the egg as compared to the oocyte.
messages: Expression increases steadily throughout oocyte maturation.
messages: Interacts with PRCKI and CDH5. Interacts (via PDZ 3 domain) with PTEN (via C-terminus). Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, PALS1, PATJ and PARD3/PAR3. Interacts with LIMK2, AURKA and AURKB. Component of the Par polarity complex, composed of at least phosphorylated PRKCZ, PARD3 and TIAM1. Interacts with ECT2 and FBF1 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ 1 domain) with F11R/JAM1, PARD6A and PARD6B. Part of a complex with PARD6A or PARD6B, PRKCI or PRKCZ and CDC42 or RAC1. Directly interacts with TIAM1 and TIAM2. Interacts with SIRT2. Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Found in a complex with PARD3, CYTH1 and FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with SAPCD2 (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCA (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PRKCZ.
messages: Not expressed in the oocyte.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-824 by PRKCZ and PRKCI occurs at the most apical tip of epithelial cell-cell contacts during the initial phase of tight junction formation and may promote dissociation of the complex with PARD6. EGF-induced Tyr-1123 phosphorylation mediates dissociation from LIMK2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by AURKA at Ser-958 is required for the normal establishment of neuronal polarity (By similarity). Isoform 4 and isoform 5 are phosphorylated during oocyte maturation (Probable).
messages: The second PDZ domain mediates interaction with membranes containing phosphoinositol lipids.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: tight junction

10090:Kifbp
gene id: 10090:Kifbp
uniprot id: Q6ZPU9
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KIF-binding protein family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: In the embryo it is expressed in cortical neurons; expression increases during neuronal development.
messages: Interacts with KIF1B. Interacts with STMN2.
messages: Required for neuronal development and differentiation. Required for organization of axonal microtubules, and axonal outgrowth and maintenance during peripheral and central nervous system development.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tomm6
gene id: 10090:Tomm6
uniprot id: Q9CQN3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tom6 family.
messages: Forms part of the preprotein translocase complex of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM complex) which consists of at least 7 different proteins (TOMM5, TOMM6, TOMM7, TOMM20, TOMM22, TOMM40 and TOMM70).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Prkci
gene id: 10090:Prkci
uniprot id: Q5DTK3
uniprot id: Q62074
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Atypical PKCs (PRKCI and PRKCZ) exhibit an elevated basal enzymatic activity (that may be due to the interaction with SMG1 or SQSTM1) and are not regulated by diacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phorbol esters or calcium ions. Two specific sites, Thr-411 (activation loop of the kinase domain) and Thr-563 (turn motif), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation (By similarity). Might also be a target for novel lipid activators that are elevated during nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Calcium- and diacylglycerol-independent serine/ threonine-protein kinase that plays a general protective role against apoptotic stimuli, is involved in NF-kappa-B activation, cell survival, differentiation and polarity, and contributes to the regulation of microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. Is necessary for BCR-ABL oncogene-mediated resistance to apoptotic drug in leukemia cells, protecting leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. In cultured neurons, prevents amyloid beta protein-induced apoptosis by interrupting cell death process at a very early step. In glioblastoma cells, may function downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PDPK1 in the promotion of cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting the pro-apoptotic factor BAD. Can form a protein complex in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with PARD6A and ECT2 and regulate ECT2 oncogenic activity by phosphorylation, which in turn promotes transformed growth and invasion. In response to nerve growth factor (NGF), acts downstream of SRC to phosphorylate and activate IRAK1, allowing the subsequent activation of NF-kappa-B and neuronal cell survival. Functions in the organization of the apical domain in epithelial cells by phosphorylating EZR. This step is crucial for activation and normal distribution of EZR at the early stages of intestinal epithelial cell differentiation. Forms a protein complex with LLGL1 and PARD6B independently of PARD3 to regulate epithelial cell polarity. Plays a role in microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway through interaction with RAB2A and GAPDH and recruitment to vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs). In human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), is activated by saturated fatty acids and mediates lipid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Downstream of PI3K is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Activates RAB4A and promotes its association with KIF3A which is required for the insulin-induced SLC2A4/GLUT4 transloca…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal at 9.5 dpc.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed apically in the cortical neuroepithelium along the ventricular surface at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Forms a complex with SQSTM1 and MP2K5 (PubMed:12813044). Interacts directly with SQSTM1 (Probable). Interacts with IKBKB. Interacts with PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G. Part of a quaternary complex containing aPKC, PARD3, a PARD6 protein (PARD6A, PARD6B or PARD6G) and a GTPase protein (CDC42 or RAC1) (PubMed:10934474). Part of a complex with LLGL1 and PARD6B. Interacts with ADAP1/CENTA1. Interaction with SMG1, through the ZN-finger domain, activates the kinase activity. Interacts with CDK7. Forms a complex with RAB2A and GAPDH involved in recruitment onto the membrane of vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs). Interacts with ECT2 ('Thr-359' phosphorylated form) (By similarity). Interacts with VAMP2 (PubMed:17313651). Interacts with WDFY2 (via WD repeats 1-3) (PubMed:16792529).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-411 in the activation loop is not mandatory for activation (PubMed:22579248). Upon neuronal growth factor (NGF) stimulation, phosphorylated by SRC at Tyr-264, Tyr-279 and Tyr-333 (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Tyr-264 facilitates binding to KPNB1/importin-beta regulating entry of PRKCI into the nucleus (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Tyr-333 is important for NF-kappa-B stimulation (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Thr-563 during the initial phase of long term potentiation (By similarity).
messages: The C1 zinc finger does not bind diacylglycerol (DAG).
messages: The PB1 domain mediates interaction with SQSTM1.
messages: The pseudosubstrate motif resembles the sequence around sites phosphorylated on target proteins, except the presence of a non-phosphorylatable residue in place of Ser, it modulates activity by competing with substrates.

10090:Rchy1
gene id: 10090:Rchy1
uniprot id: Q9CR50
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in testis, liver, kidney and heart.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of target proteins, including p53/TP53, TP73, HDAC1 and CDKN1B (By similarity). Mediates ubiquitination and degradation of p53/TP53; preferentially acts on tetrameric p53/TP53 (By similarity). Catalyzes monoubiquitinates the translesion DNA polymerase POLH (PubMed:12654245). Involved in the ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) pathway, which mediates the extraction of incompletely synthesized nascent chains from stalled ribosomes: RCHY1 acts downstream of NEMF and recognizes CAT tails associated with stalled nascent chains, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity).
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with AR, MDM2, KAT5, PLAG1, PLAGL2, COPE, UBE2D2 and GORAB/NTKLBP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Subject to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Interaction with PLAGL2 or KAT5 enhances protein stability.
messages: Up-regulated upon p53/TP53 activation.

10090:Evl
gene id: 10090:Evl
uniprot id: E9PVP4
uniprot id: F8WJB9
uniprot id: P70429
uniprot id: Q6PB99
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At an early stage, highly expressed in the branchial and pharyngeal arches, but not in the brain. Expression in the brain starts at 15 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the Ena/VASP family.
messages: Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance and lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics in migrating cells. EVL enhances actin nucleation and polymerization.
messages: Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance, lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics, platelet activation and cell migration.
messages: Highest expression in thymus and spleen (at protein level). Low levels in placenta, ovary, testis, fat and lung (at protein level). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in cortical neurons and glial cells.
messages: Homotetramer (By similarity). Binds to the SH3 domains of ABL1, LYN and SRC (PubMed:10945997). Also binds to profilin, with preference for isoform IIa of PFN2, and the WW domain of APBB1/FE65 (PubMed:10945997). Binds to SEMA6A (PubMed:10993894). Interacts, via the Pro-rich region, with the C-terminal SH3 domain of DNMBP (PubMed:14506234). Interacts with RAPH1 (By similarity). Binds, via the EVH1 domain, the Pro-rich domain of Listeria monocytogenes actA (PubMed:10087267). Binds, via the EVH1 domain, the Pro-rich domain of ZYX. Interacts with FYB1. Interacts with ZDHHC17 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA; phosphorylation abolishes binding to SH3 domains of ABL and SRC.
messages: Required to transform actin polymerization into active movement for the propulsive force of Listeria monocytogenes.
messages: The EVH2 domain is comprised of 3 regions. Block A is a thymosin-like domain required for G-actin binding. The KLKR motif within this block is essential for the G-actin binding and for actin polymerization. Block B is required for F-actin binding and subcellular location, and Block C for tetramerization.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium
messages: stress fiber

10090:Coro2b
gene id: 10090:Coro2b
uniprot id: Q8BH44
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
messages: Binds to F-actin and to vinculin.
messages: May play a role in the reorganization of neuronal actin structure.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gbp4
gene id: 10090:Gbp4
uniprot id: A4UUI3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Heterodimer with other family members, including GBP1, GBP2 and GBP5 (By similarity). Dimerization regulates subcellular location (By similarity). Interacts with IRF7; preventing interaction between TRAF6 and IRF7, resulting in impaired TRAF6-mediated IRF7 ubiquitination (PubMed:22095711).
messages: Interferon (IFN)-inducible GTPase that plays important roles in innate immunity against a diverse range of bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens (PubMed:18025219). Negatively regulates the antiviral response by inhibiting activation of IRF7 transcription factor (PubMed:22095711).
messages: Mainly expressed in organs of the immune system, such as spleen and lymph nodes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated in response to Sendai virus (SeV) infection.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Utp25
gene id: 10090:Utp25
uniprot id: A0A0R4J114
uniprot id: Q8BTT6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UTP25 family.
messages: Component of the ribosomal small subunit processome for the biogenesis of ribosomes, functions in pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing (By similarity). Essential for embryonic development in part through the regulation of p53 pathway. Controls the expansion growth of digestive organs and liver (PubMed:29262616, PubMed:32303961). Also involved in the sympathetic neuronal development (By similarity). Mediates, with CAPN3, the proteasome-independent degradation of p53/TP53 (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested: brain, small intestine, large intestine, stomach, liver, spleen, thymus, lung, kidney and testes (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CAPN3; the interaction is required for CAPN3 translocation to the nucleolus.
messages: Mutant embryos are peri-implantation lethal at E4.5-E5.5 stages (PubMed:29262616, PubMed:32303961). Conditional knockouts in hepatocytes do not show overall differences in liver growth but suffer from liver chronic inflammation (PubMed:32303961). Hepatocytes show nuclei enlargement with nuclear vacuolization (PubMed:32303961). Animals have bile duct hyperplasia and polycystic liver (PubMed:32303961). Males die suddenly after hepatectomy due to overactive inflammatory response (PubMed:32303961).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is required to promote p53/TP53 degradation in the nucleolus which promotes cell cycle progression and liver development.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Atg16l1
gene id: 10090:Atg16l1
uniprot id: G9M4M6
uniprot id: Q3TDQ5
uniprot id: Q8C0J2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ATG16 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: Highly expressed in liver.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Homooligomer (PubMed:12665549). Heterooligomer with ATG16L2 (PubMed:22082872). Interacts with WIPI1 (By similarity). Interacts with WIPI2 (PubMed:24954904). Interacts with RB1CC1; the interaction is required for ULK1 complex-dependent autophagy (PubMed:23392225, PubMed:23262492). Interacts with ATG5 (PubMed:12665549). Part of either the minor and major complexes respectively composed of 4 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (400 kDa) or 8 sets of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L1 (800 kDa). Interacts with RAB33B (PubMed:18448665). Interacts (via WD repeats) with TMEM59; the interaction mediates unconventional autophagic activity of TMEM59 (By similarity). Interacts with TLR2 (By similarity). Interacts (via WD repeats) with MEFV (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminal) with CLTC (By similarity). Interacts with NOD1 (PubMed:19898471). Interacts with NOD2 (PubMed:19898471, PubMed:19966812). Interacts with TUFM (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM16 (By similarity). Interacts (via WD repeats) with SPATA33 (PubMed:33087875). Interacts with Irgm1 (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-139 promotes association with the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate to form the ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex.
messages: Plays an essential role in both canonical and non-canonical autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the lipidation to ATG8 family proteins (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MAP1LC3C, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP) (PubMed:12665549, PubMed:18849966, PubMed:19898471, PubMed:23392225, PubMed:24553140, PubMed:24954904, PubMed:33586810). Acts as a molecular hub, coordinating autophagy pathways via distinct domains that support either canonical or non-canonical signaling (PubMed:33586810). During canonical autophagy, interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ATG8 proteins, to produce a membrane-bound activated form of ATG8 (By similarity). Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane (By similarity). Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, probably by catalyzing conjugation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to ATG8 (By similarity). Non-canonical autophagy plays a key role in epithelial cells to limit lethal infection by influenza A (IAV) virus (PubMed:33586810). Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production (By similarity). Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response (PubMed:24238340). Instead, promotes an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway together with NOD1 or NOD2 (PubMed:19898471, PubMed:19966812, PubMed:24238340). Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell (By similarity).
messages: Preautophagosomal structure membrane
messages: Proteolytic cleavage by activated CASP3 leads to degradation and may regulate autophagy upon cellular stress and apoptotic stimuli.
messages: The WD repeats are required for non-canonical autophagy but not for canonical autophagy.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:12665549). Expressed in the testis and sperm midpiece (at protein level) (PubMed:33087875).

10090:Or8k20
gene id: 10090:Or8k20
uniprot id: Q7TR76
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rbfox3
gene id: 10090:Rbfox3
uniprot id: Q8BIF2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By retinoic acid. Expression is up-regulated in P19 cells during neural differentiation upon retinoic acid treatment (at the protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the neural tube, expressed as early as 9.5 dpc and expression is confined to the nervous system. By 12.5 dpc, can be found in the developing ventral horns and is also detected in the developing dorsal horns as well as in the dorsal root ganglion. Not detected in the ventricular zone, roof plate, floor plate or marginal zone (developing white matter). It is expressed from embryonic stage to adulthood.
messages: Initial characterization was derived from usage of a monoclonal antibody (A60) directed to an unknown protein called NeuN (PubMed:15605376, PubMed:1483388), but later identified as RBFOX3.
messages: Knockout mice have significantly reduced brain weight, impaired neurofilament expression and decreased white matter volume, but normal total body mass. They show increased susceptibility to seizures and reduced anxiety-related behaviors compared with wild type littermates, as well as defective hippocampal gene expression and deficits in synaptic transmission and plasticity in the dentate gyrus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulator. Regulates alternative splicing of RBFOX2 to enhance the production of mRNA species that are targeted for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD).
messages: Widely expressed in brain, including in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, caudate/putamen, cerebellum, as well as in the spinal cord (at protein level). Not expressed in all neuronal cells within a region, in cerebellum, expression is absent in Purkinje cells (at protein level). Expressed in the retina in the ganglion cells and some cells in the inner nuclear layer, but absent from the photoreceptor cells and most cells in the inner nuclear layer (at protein level).

10090:Gabarapl2
gene id: 10090:Gabarapl2
uniprot id: P60521
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATG8 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with ATG3, ATG13 and ULK1 (By similarity). Interacts with ATG7 (PubMed:11890701). Interacts with TP53INP1 and TP53INP2 (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D25 (PubMed:21383079). Directly interacts with SQSTM1 and BNIP3 (By similarity). Interacts with TECPR2 and PCM1 (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D5 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM5 (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV and TRIM21 (By similarity). Interacts with WDFY3 (By similarity). Interacts with UBA5; promoting recruitment of UBA5 to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (By similarity). Interacts with GOSR1 (By similarity). Interacts with KBTBD6 and KBTBD7; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with reticulophagy regulators RETREG1, RETREG2 and RETREG3 (PubMed:34338405). Interacts with Irgm1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-87 and Ser-88 by TBK1 prevents interaction with ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D). Phosphorylation by TBK1 on autophagosomes prevents their delipidation by ATG4 and premature removal from nascent autophagosomes.
messages: The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D) to expose the glycine at the C-terminus and form the cytosolic form, GABARAPL2-I (PubMed:14530254). The processed form is then activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, GABARAPL2-II (By similarity). During non-canonical autophagy, the processed form is conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) phospholipid (By similarity). ATG4 proteins also mediate the delipidation of PE-conjugated forms required for GABARAPL2 recycling when autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes (PubMed:33795848). In addition, ATG4B and ATG4D mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to PS during non-canonical autophagy (By similarity). ATG4B constitutes the major protein for proteolytic activation (By similarity). ATG4D is the main enzyme for delipidation activity (PubMed:33795848).
messages: Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in intra-Golgi traffic. Modulates intra-Golgi transport through coupling between NSF activity and SNAREs activation. It first stimulates the ATPase activity of NSF which in turn stimulates the association with GOSR1 (By similarity). Involved in autophagy. Plays a role in mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Whereas LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. A high level expression is seen in brain, thymus, lung, heart, liver and kidney.
messages: autophagosome

10090:Pwwp4a
gene id: 10090:Pwwp4a
uniprot id: Q52KH6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PWWP3A family.

10090:Adam8
gene id: 10090:Adam8
uniprot id: Q05910
uniprot id: Q3U1J7
uniprot id: Q3U7G2
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Interacts with FST3.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Macrophages.
messages: Membrane
messages: Possible involvement in extravasation of leukocytes.

10090:Or4a78
gene id: 10090:Or4a78
uniprot id: Q7TQZ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fbxl7
gene id: 10090:Fbxl7
uniprot id: Q5BJ29
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FBXL7 family.
messages: Part of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex SCF(FBXL7) composed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and FBXL7 (PubMed:22306998). Interacts with AURKA; interaction takes place during mitosis but not in interphase (PubMed:22306998). Interacts with BIRC5; this interaction allows BIRC5 to be polyubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXL7) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (PubMed:25778398).
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (PubMed:22306998, PubMed:25778398). During mitosis, it mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of AURKA, causing mitotic arrest (PubMed:22306998). It also regulates mitochondrial function by mediating the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the apoptosis inhibitor BIRC5 (PubMed:25778398).
messages: centrosome

10090:Ccdc92
gene id: 10090:Ccdc92
uniprot id: Q8VDN4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CEP164.
messages: Interferon-stimulated protein that plays a role in innate immunity.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-192 by TTBK2.
messages: centriole

10090:Dmrt2
gene id: 10090:Dmrt2
uniprot id: Q8BG36
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DMRT family.
messages: Expressed in presomitic mesoderm and developing somites at 8.5 dpc, accumulating in the epaxial domain at 9.5 dpc in the immature caudal somites. At 10.5 dpc expressed in the dermomyotome of somites. By 11.5 dpc, only detectable in caudal somites. In mature somites, expression is confined to the dermomyotome of the somite where Pax3 is also expressed and in the epaxial domain of the most immature caudal somites. At this stage, the most mature anterior somites are beginning to lose the expression at the epaxial and hypaxial extremities of the dermomyotome. At 14.5 dpc expressed in testis, heart and brain. Expression is also detected in proximal forelimb buds and branchial arches of the developing embryo.
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mice heterozygous for Dmrt2 mutation exhibit no visible phenotype. Homozygotes are perinatally lethal due to signs of respiratory distress. They have rib, sternal, vertebral and skull base malformations. Expression of myogenic growth factors, such as Pax3 and Myog, the growth factor Pdgfa, cadherin Cdh2, and the filament protein Des is abnormal. Mutants lack most or all of the epithelial organization seen in wild-type somites, sclerotome and dermomyotome. Mutants have disrupted production of matrix components including laminin-1 in the dermomyotome. Arrangement of the myogenic cells of the inter-limb somites is abnormal. Myf5 activation in the epaxial domain is retarded thus having consequences in the myogenesis by delaying expression of Myog. Mutants do not have left-right defects regarding internal organs positioning. Dmrt2 and Pax3 double null mutant embryos exhibit suspended development and Myog expression is markedly decreased and its expression pattern dramatically distorted.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator that directly regulates early activation of the myogenic determination gene MYF5 by binding in a sequence-specific manner to the early epaxial enhancer element of it. Involved in somitogenesis during embryogenesis and somite development and differentiation into sclerotome and dermomyotome. Required for the initiation and/or maintenance of proper organization of the sclerotome, dermomyotome and myotome. Is not required for sex determination and/or differentiation in embryonic development. Also not involved in symmetric somite formation and hence does not regulate the laterality pathway that controls left-right asymmetric organ positioning.
messages: Transcriptionally up-regulated by PAX3 within the dermomyotome.

10090:Or4k44
gene id: 10090:Or4k44
uniprot id: Q8VGE5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tm4sf4
gene id: 10090:Tm4sf4
uniprot id: Q3TMT3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the L6 tetraspanin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rassf6
gene id: 10090:Rassf6
uniprot id: Q80UQ2
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with MOAP1. Interaction with activated KRAS is still a matter of debate: interaction has been shown in the mouse (PubMed:17404571), but not in human (PubMed:17367779). Lack of interaction with MRAS, NRAS nor RRAS2 has also been reported (PubMed:17367779).
messages: Involved in the induction of apoptosis. May act as a Ras effector protein. May suppress the serum-induced basal levels of NF-kappa-B.
messages: Probable cloning artifact. Contains an insertion not found in the reference genome.

10090:Cyp4f13
gene id: 10090:Cyp4f13
uniprot id: Q99N19
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Ltc4s
gene id: 10090:Ltc4s
uniprot id: Q60860
uniprot id: Q8K355
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MAPEG family.
messages: Catalyzes the conjugation of leukotriene A4 with reduced glutathione (GSH) to form leukotriene C4 with high specificity (PubMed:8706658, PubMed:11319240). Can also catalyze the transfer of a glutathionyl group from glutathione (GSH) to 13(S),14(S)-epoxy-docosahexaenoic acid to form maresin conjugate in tissue regeneration 1 (MCTR1), a bioactive lipid mediator that possess potent anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions (By similarity).
messages: Deficient mice developed normally and are fertile. However mice display abnormal inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with ALOX5AP and ALOX5.
messages: Inhibited by MK886.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-36 by RPS6KB1 inhibits the leukotriene-C4 synthase activity.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Sv2b
gene id: 10090:Sv2b
uniprot id: Q8BG39
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA).
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21483489). No evidence for its interaction with BoNT/D has also been published (PubMed:21632541).
messages: (Microbial infection) Possible receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21483489). Not a receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21632541).
messages: (Microbial infection) Receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA); the toxin probably binds via extracellular loop 4 (PubMed:16543415).
messages: (Microbial infection) Receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E); the toxin probably binds via extracellular loop 4 (PubMed:18815274). It probably requires glycosylation of Asn-516 (PubMed:18815274).
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: Expressed during synaptogenesis in the retina (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in ribbon synapses of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:12687700). Expressed in diaphragm motor nerve terminals (at protein level) (PubMed:16543415). Expressed in hippocampus neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:18815274).
messages: Interacts with SYT1 in a calcium-independent manner. Forms a complex with SYT1, syntaxin-1 and SNAP25.
messages: Mice display no particular phenotype (PubMed:10624962). Single knockout mice survive significantly longer than wild-type mice upon exposure to C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA) (PubMed:16543415). Mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b experience severe epileptic seizures and die immediately or shortly after birth similarly to mice lacking only Sv2a (PubMed:10624962). Single knockout mice bind reduced amounts of BoNT/A than wild-type mice (PubMed:16543415). Single knockout mice are significantly more resistant to C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E) than wild-type mice (PubMed:18815274). In single knockout mice, synaptobrevin (VAMP, the target of C.botulinum neurotoxin type D, BoNT/D) is degraded by BoNT/D, and hippocampal neurons bind BoNT/D (PubMed:21483489). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind BoNT/A, nor do they take it up (PubMed:16543415, PubMed:18815274). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E), nor do they take it up (PubMed:18815274). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD), nor do they take it up (PubMed:21483489). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b take up C.botulinum neurotoxin type C (BoNT/C) and C.botulinum neurotoxin type F (BonT/F, botF) normally (PubMed:21483489).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Probably plays a role in the control of regulated secretion in neural and endocrine cells.
messages: The N-terminal cytoplasmic domain is phosphorylated by CK1.
messages: The use of this protein as a coreceptor for C.botulinum type D (BoNT/D, botD) is controversial. In double SV2A/SV2B knockout mice BoNT/D does not degrade its synaptobrevin target; introducing SV2A, SV2B or SV2C restores target cleavage (PubMed:21483489). However another group does not find a convincing interaction with SV2 (PubMed:21632541).
messages: Up-regulated upon Sv2a depletion.
messages: acrosome
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Vmn1r209
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r209
uniprot id: Q5NC97
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc25a44
gene id: 10090:Slc25a44
uniprot id: Q3TMC4
uniprot id: Q3TNN4
uniprot id: Q8BGF9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Expression increases during adipogenesis.
messages: Highly expressed in brown adipose tissues compared with other metabolic organs.
messages: Induction by cold exposure in brown adipose tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrial solute transporter which transports branched-chain amino acid (BCAA; valine, leucine and isoleucine) into mitochondria in brown adipose tissue (BAT) (PubMed:31435015). BAT is involved in BCAA catabolism and actively utilizes BCAA in the mitochondria for thermogenesis (PubMed:31435015).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Ush2a
gene id: 10090:Ush2a
uniprot id: Q2QI47
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with collagen IV and fibronectin via its laminin EGF-like domains. Interaction with collagen may be required for stable integration into the basement membrane. Interacts with NINL (By similarity). Interacts with USH1C (PubMed:16301217). Component of USH2 complex, composed of ADGRV1, PDZD7, USH2A and WHRN (PubMed:20502675, PubMed:25406310). Interacts with ADGRV1/MASS1 (via N-terminal PDZ domain) (PubMed:20502675). Interacts (via the cytoplasmic region) with WHRN (PubMed:16301217, PubMed:20502675, PubMed:23055499). Interacts (via the cytoplasmic region) with PDZD7 (PubMed:23055499). Interacts (via the cytoplasmic region) with VEZT and MYO7A (via MyTH4-FERM domains); the interaction associates VEZT with the USH2 complex at the stereocilia base (PubMed:17567809).
messages: Involved in hearing and vision as member of the USH2 complex (PubMed:20502675). In the inner ear, required for the maintenance of hair bundle ankle formation, which connects growing stereocilia in developing cochlear hair cells (PubMed:20502675, PubMed:24334608). In retina photoreceptors, the USH2 complex is required for the maintenance of periciliary membrane complex that seems to play a role in regulating intracellular protein transport (PubMed:20502675).
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: Present in the testis, epididymis, oviduct, spleen, submaxillary gland, and small and large intestines. Not detected in the brain, skin, lung, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver or kidney. Expressed in smooth muscle of the colon and the epididymis. Also present in select vascular basement membranes. In the cochlea, it is present in virtually every basement membrane. It is particularly high in the strial capillary basement membranes (SCBMs). In the retina, it is again expressed in all of the basement membranes. It is also very prevalent in the lens capsule and the Bruch's layer between the retinal pigment epithelium and the choroid layer, which is very rich in basement membranes. In neonates in it is widely expressed in the basement membranes of the cochlea. Present in the synaptic terminals of retinal photoreceptors (at protein level).
messages: Secreted
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates the association with some of the PDZ domains of USH1C and WHRN.
messages: stereocilium membrane

10090:Polr3k
gene id: 10090:Polr3k
uniprot id: Q9CQZ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the archaeal RpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF-kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ptar1
gene id: 10090:Ptar1
uniprot id: A0A494B9V8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit alpha family.

10090:Best2
gene id: 10090:Best2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0P0
uniprot id: Q8BGM5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the anion channel-forming bestrophin (TC 1.A.46) family. Calcium-sensitive chloride channel subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms calcium-sensitive chloride channels. Permeable to bicarbonate.
messages: Mainly confined to the retinal pigment epithelium and colon.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cabp4
gene id: 10090:Cabp4
uniprot id: Q8VHC5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in retina and in the inner hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea.
messages: Interacts with CACNA1F and CACNA1D (via IQ domain) in a calcium independent manner. Interacts (via N-terminus) with UNC119.
messages: Involved in normal synaptic function through regulation of Ca(2+) influx and neurotransmitter release in photoreceptor synaptic terminals and in auditory transmission. Modulator of CACNA1D and CACNA1F, suppressing the calcium-dependent inactivation and shifting the activation range to more hyperpolarized voltages.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation levels change with the light conditions and regulate the activity, but has no effect on calcium binding.
messages: Presynapse

10090:Lgi2
gene id: 10090:Lgi2
uniprot id: Q50DZ7
uniprot id: Q8K4Z0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Brain.
messages: Expressed in developing parvalbumin-positive basket cells.
messages: Required for the development of soma-targeting inhibitory GABAergic synapses made by parvalbumin-positive basket cells.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tlr13
gene id: 10090:Tlr13
uniprot id: Q6R5N8
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Binds MYD88 via their respective TIR domains (By similarity). Interacts with UNC93B1.
messages: Component of innate and adaptive immunity that recognizes and binds 23S rRNA from bacteria. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Specifically binds the 5'-CGGAAAGACC-3' sequence on bacterial 23S rRNA, a sequence also bound by MLS group antibiotics (including erythromycin). May also recognize vesicular stomatitis virus; however, these data require additional evidences.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: In some plant proteins and in human SARM1, the TIR domain has NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity (By similarity). However, despite the presence of the catalytic Asp residue, the isolated TIR domain of human TLR4 lacks NADase activity (By similarity). Based on this, it is unlikely that Toll-like receptors have NADase activity.
messages: The sequence 23S rRNA from clinical isolates of erythromycin-resistant S.aureus is methylated and is not recognized by Tlr13 anymore, suggesting a link between antibiotic resistance and evasion from Tlr13 recognition. 23S rRNA modifications generating resistance toward MLS antibiotics preventing recognition of bacteria from Tlr13. These data may also explain why Tlr13 is not conserved in human: human may instead possess a related rRNA-sensing pattern recognition receptor that has evolved to recognize species that can hide from Tlr13 owing to rRNA modifications (PubMed:22821982).

10090:Map3k7cl
gene id: 10090:Map3k7cl
uniprot id: P58500
names: Domain
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains a C-terminal domain similar to that of the C-terminal section of MAP3K7.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Unkl
gene id: 10090:Unkl
uniprot id: Q5FWH2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although this protein contains a RING domain, intrinsic E3 ligase activity has not been proven.
messages: Belongs to the unkempt family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the GTP-bound form of Rac1. Interacts with Baf60b/Smarcd2 (By similarity).
messages: May participate in a protein complex showing an E3 ligase activity regulated by Rac1. Ubiquitination is directed towards itself and possibly other substrates, such as Baf60b/Smarcd2. Intrinsic E3 ligase activity has not been proven.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitination is enhanced by activated Rac1. The presence of the RING finger domain is not essential for ubiquitination to occur (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Cox7a2
gene id: 10090:Cox7a2
uniprot id: P48771
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIIa family.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)). Interacts with PET100.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Mpeg1
gene id: 10090:Mpeg1
uniprot id: A1L314
uniprot id: E9QN37
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MPEG1 family.
messages: By CSF1 in fetal liver macrophages (PubMed:7888681). By interferon-alpha, by interferon-beta, by interferon-gamma and by bacterial infection with E.coli and M.smegmatis in embryonic fibroblasts (PubMed:23257510).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed constitutively in a variety of cell types including macrophages, microglia, neutrophils, T cells, marginal zone B cells, keratinocytes, splenocytes and intestinal epithelial cells.
messages: Forms arc- and ring-shaped pre-pores on top of the membrane at neutral to slightly acidic pH conditions and converts to pores upon acidification (PubMed:36028507, PubMed:32064340, PubMed:36245269). Undergoes transition from the pre-pore to the pore in a processive clockwise hand-over-hand process (PubMed:36028507, PubMed:32064340, PubMed:36245269). In the pore state, 2 alpha-helical regions refold into transmembrane hairpins (TMH1 and TMH2) in each protomer that form in the ensemble complex giant beta-barrel transmembrane pores (PubMed:36028507, PubMed:32064340, PubMed:36245269).
messages: Homooligomer; predominantly forms a homooligomeric arc-shaped pore complex instead of complete rings of 16 subunits.
messages: Impaired immunity characterized by a failure to efficiently prime CD8(+) T-cells to cell-associated antigens (PubMed:37347855). Defects are caused by impaired cross-presentation of cell-associated antigens (PubMed:37347855). In normal conditions, mice do not show any obvious disease phenotype or a change in immune cell frequencies (PubMed:37347855).
messages: Membrane
messages: Monoubiquitinated in response to bacterial infection; ubiquitination is required for vesicular localization and antibacterial activity and can be blocked by bacterial cell cycle inhibiting factor (cif) (PubMed:26418746).
messages: Pore-forming protein involved in both innate and adaptive immunity (PubMed:26402460, PubMed:30249808, PubMed:36028507, PubMed:37347855, PubMed:32064340, PubMed:36245269). Plays a central role in antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells by forming a pore in antigen-containing compartments, thereby promoting delivery of antigens for cross-presentation (PubMed:35471730, PubMed:37347855). Also involved in innate immune response following bacterial infection; shows antibacterial activity against a wide spectrum of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and acid-fast bacteria (PubMed:23257510, PubMed:23753625, PubMed:26402460). Reduces the viability of the intracytosolic pathogen L.monocytogenes by inhibiting acidification of the phagocytic vacuole of host cells which restricts bacterial translocation from the vacuole to the cytosol (PubMed:26831467). Required for the antibacterial activity of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide (PubMed:26402460).
messages: Pore-forming protein that plays a central role in antigen cross-presentation in dendritic cells by mediating delivery of antigens for cross-presentation (PubMed:37347855). Dendritic cells bridge innate and adaptive immunity by capturing exogenous antigens on MHC class-I molecules and presenting them to naive CD8(+) T-cells (PubMed:37347855). Acts by forming a pore in antigen-containing compartments, promoting the release of antigens into the cytosol, enabling generation of MHCI:peptide complexes and T-cell priming (PubMed:37347855).
messages: Proteolytically processed in two steps to generate the Macrophage-expressed gene 1 protein, processed form: cleaved by trypsin in proximity of the helical transmembrane domain releases the ectodomain into the lysosomal lumen to orient the pore-forming domain toward the endogenous membranes, and processed by the asparagine endopeptidase (LGMN) (PubMed:37347855). Proteolytic processing in antigen-containing vesicles is pH-dependent (PubMed:37347855).
messages: The MACPF domain includes the central machinery of pore formation: acidification causes a significant structural rearrangement, leading to oligomerization and deployment of the transmembrane beta-strands (named TMH1 and TMH2) that enter the membrane as amphipathic beta-hairpins.
messages: The P2 region contains beta-hairpins to interact with target membranes.
messages: Was initially thought to facilitate killing of intravacuolar bacteria by inserting into the bacterial surface to form pores, thereby breaching the surface of phagocytosed bacteria (PubMed:30249808). These results were however not replicated in a later study (PubMed:35471730).
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Morn2
gene id: 10090:Morn2
uniprot id: Q6UL01
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected from postnatal day 15 onwards, with high levels of expression by postnatal day 28.
messages: Expressed strongly in testis, where it is specifically detected in haploid germ cells (at protein level). Also expressed strongly in skeletal muscle.
messages: Might have a role in spermatogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: acrosome

10090:Prx
gene id: 10090:Prx
uniprot id: O55103
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the periaxin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in embryonic eye lens; levels increase steadily from 10.5 dpc onto birth and continue to increase during the first three weeks after birth.
messages: Detected in myelinating Schwann cells in intramuscular nerves in triangularis sterni (PubMed:18205176). Detected in sciatic nerve (PubMed:11430802). Detected in eye lens fiber cells (PubMed:21745462). Isoform 1 is detected in myelinating Schwann cells in sciatic nerve (PubMed:9488714, PubMed:10671475, PubMed:10839370). Isoform 2 is detected in myelinating Schwann cells in sciatic nerve (at protein level) (PubMed:9488714, PubMed:10839370). Detected in sciatic nerve (PubMed:9488714, PubMed:10839370).
messages: Has a remarkable domain of repetitive pentameric units sometimes followed by a tripeptide spacer, it may separate two functional basic and acidic domains.
messages: Homodimer (via PDZ domain) (By similarity). Interacts with SCN10A. Found in a complex with SCN10A (By similarity). Interacts with DRP2 (PubMed:22764250). Identified in a dystroglycan complex that contains at least PRX, DRP2, UTRN, DMD and DAG1 (PubMed:11430802). Detected in a complex composed of at least EZR, AHNAK, PPL and PRX (By similarity). Identified in a complex with EZR, AHNAK, BFSP1, BFSP2, ANK2, PLEC, VIM and spectrin (PubMed:21745462).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and appear grossly normal during the first six weeks of life. After six to nine months, they display pronounced unsteadiness of gait and difficulty in supporting themselves on their hindlimbs, weight loss due to an inability to feed and labored respiration (PubMed:10839370). Their sensory, motor and vagus nerves show extensive demyelination with demyelinated segments surrounded by focal thickenings (PubMed:10839370, PubMed:18205176). In contrast, the predominantly sensory saphenous nerves are extensively hypermyelinated, resulting in myelin sheath infolding and axon compression (PubMed:10839370). At eight months, naked or thinly myelinated axons are common in sciatic nerve fibers (PubMed:10839370). Already at six weeks, mutant mice display markedly increased sensitivity to noxious mechanical and thermal stimuli (PubMed:10839370). Besides, four month old mutant mice display impaired remyelination after crush injury (PubMed:10839370). Schwann cells from mutant mice display a reduced rate of elongation, leading to decreased distances between nodes of Ranvier and reduced velocity of the transmission of nerve impulses; this results in impaired motor skills on the RotaRod in three week old mice (PubMed:15356632). Peripheral nerves show decreased conduction velocity, due to defects in the myelin sheath (PubMed:10839370). Motor axons from five month old mice show an increased number of preterminal branches that arise from demyelinated regions close to the neuromuscular junction (PubMed:18205176). In contrast, axon branching close to the neuromuscular junction appears normal in three week old mice (PubMed:18205176). At the molecular level, gene disruption impairs formation of Cajal bands and location of Drp2 in patches that colocalize with appositions between the abaxonal surface of the myelin sheath and the Schwann cell plasma membrane (PubMed:15356632). Cytoplasm from mutant Schwann cells forms a concentric ring under the cell m…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Scaffolding protein that functions as part of a dystroglycan complex in Schwann cells, and as part of EZR and AHNAK-containing complexes in eye lens fiber cells (PubMed:11430802, PubMed:21745462, PubMed:22764250). Required for the maintenance of the peripheral myelin sheath that is essential for normal transmission of nerve impulses and normal perception of sensory stimuli (PubMed:10839370). Required for normal transport of MBP mRNA from the perinuclear to the paranodal regions (PubMed:15356632). Required for normal remyelination after nerve injury (PubMed:10839370). Required for normal elongation of Schwann cells and normal length of the internodes between the nodes of Ranvier. The demyelinated nodes of Ranvier permit saltatory transmission of nerve impulses; shorter internodes cause slower transmission of nerve impulses (PubMed:15356632, PubMed:23022068). Required for the formation of appositions between the abaxonal surface of the myelin sheath and the Schwann cell plasma membrane; the Schwann cell cytoplasm is restricted to regions between these appositions (PubMed:15356632, PubMed:23022068). Required for the formation of Cajal bands and of Schmidt-Lanterman incisures that correspond to short, cytoplasm-filled regions on myelinated nerves (PubMed:23022068, PubMed:22764250). Recruits DRP2 to the Schwann cell plasma membrane (PubMed:11430802, PubMed:23022068, PubMed:22764250). Required for normal protein composition of the eye lens fiber cell plasma membrane and normal eye lens fiber cell morphology (PubMed:21745462).
messages: The Arg/Lys-rich basic domain functions as a tripartite nuclear localization signal.
messages: The PDZ domain contains the signal for export from the nucleus (By similarity). The N-terminal region including the PDZ domain is required for the formation of Cajal bands on myelinated nerves.

10090:Ccnh
gene id: 10090:Ccnh
uniprot id: E9PWD3
uniprot id: Q61458
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates primarily with CDK7 and MAT1 to form the CAK complex. CAK can further associate with the core-TFIIH to form the TFIIH basal transcription factor.
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin C subfamily.
messages: Expressed in both the germinal and somatic cells of the testis.
messages: Higher expression during spermatogenesis from the mitotic stages to the meiotic stages.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates CDK7, the catalytic subunit of the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) enzymatic complex. CAK activates the cyclin-associated kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4 and CDK6 by threonine phosphorylation. CAK complexed to the core-TFIIH basal transcription factor activates RNA polymerase II by serine phosphorylation of the repetitive C-terminal domain (CTD) of its large subunit (POLR2A), allowing its escape from the promoter and elongation of the transcripts. Involved in cell cycle control and in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. Its expression and activity are constant throughout the cell cycle.

10090:Gcfc2
gene id: 10090:Gcfc2
uniprot id: Q8BKT3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GCF family.
messages: Found in the Intron Large (IL) complex, a post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex containing the excised intron, U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs, and splicing factors (By similarity). Interacts with TFIP11 and DHX15 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing through regulating spliceosome C complex formation (By similarity). May play a role during late-stage splicing events and turnover of excised introns (By similarity).
messages: Was originally thought to be a DNA-binding transcriptional repressor (By similarity). However, later work showed that the original sequence was a chimera and that the DNA-binding activity was derived from the incorrect N-terminal sequence (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Mapkapk5
gene id: 10090:Mapkapk5
uniprot id: O54992
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated following phosphorylation at Thr-182 by p38-alpha/MAPK14, p38-beta/MAPK11, ERK2/MAPK1, ERK3/MAPK6, and ERK4/MAPK4. Activated by stress-related extracellular stimuli; such as H(2)O(2), arsenite, anisomycin TNF alpha and also PMA and the calcium ionophore A23187; but to a lesser extent. In vitro, activated by SQSTM1. Inhibited by diterpenoid alkaloid noroxoaconitine.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed ubiquitously.
messages: Interacts with SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with ERK3/MAPK6 and ERK4/MAPK4 (via FRIEDE motif); the interaction is direct. Interacts with YWHAE; the interaction prevents phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 leading to disrupt F-actin polymerization.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phenotypes are different depending on reports. According to a first report, mice are viable and fertile and do not show changes in tissue morphology and behavior: they exhibit the same susceptibility to LPS-induced endotoxic shock as wild-type animals and do not show the defects in LPS-induced biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines known to occur with Mapkapk2-deficient animals (PubMed:14560018). According to another report, both homozygous and heterozygous mutant mice are highly susceptible to skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA (PubMed:17254968). According to a third report, mutant show embryonic lethality around 11 dpc in a C57BL/6 background (PubMed:15538386).
messages: Phosphorylated on Thr-182 ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4; which is the regulatory phosphorylation site and is located on the T-loop/loop 12, leading to activation. Phosphorylation at Thr-182 by p38-alpha/MAPK14, p38-beta/MAPK11 is subject to debate. Phosphorylated at Ser-115 by PKA/PRKACA, leading to localization to the cytoplasm. Autophosphorylated.
messages: The role of p38 MAPK kinases is unclear in phosphorylation and activation of Mapkapk5. According to some reports, it interacts and is phosphorylated by p38-alpha/MAPK14 and p38-beta/MAPK11 (PubMed:9480836). According to other reports, it is not activated by p38-alpha/MAPK14 and p38-beta/MAPK11 (PubMed:14560018). An explanation for these discrepancies, might be that the interaction with p38 MAPK kinases is weak and occurs only under specific conditions.
messages: Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in mTORC1 signaling and post-transcriptional regulation. Phosphorylates FOXO3, ERK3/MAPK6, ERK4/MAPK4, HSP27/HSPB1, p53/TP53 and RHEB. Acts as a tumor suppressor by mediating Ras-induced senescence and phosphorylating p53/TP53. Involved in post-transcriptional regulation of MYC by mediating phosphorylation of FOXO3: phosphorylation of FOXO3 leads to promote nuclear localization of FOXO3, enabling expression of miR-34b and miR-34c, 2 post-transcriptional regulators of MYC that bind to the 3'UTR of MYC transcript and prevent MYC translation. Acts as a negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling by mediating phosphorylation and inhibition of RHEB. Part of the atypical MAPK signaling via its interaction with ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4: the precise role of the complex formed with ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4 is still unclear, but the complex follows a complex set of phosphorylation events: upon interaction with atypical MAPK (ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4), ERK3/MAPK6 (or ERK4/MAPK4) is phosphorylated and then mediates phosphorylation and activation of MAPKAPK5, which in turn phosphorylates ERK3/MAPK6 (or ERK4/MAPK4). Mediates phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 in response to PKA/PRKACA stimulation, inducing F-actin rearrangement.

10090:Surf4
gene id: 10090:Surf4
uniprot id: Q545Q2
uniprot id: Q64310
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SURF4 family.
messages: Embryonic lethality between 3.5 and 9.5 dpc (PubMed:31978056). Conditional deletion in the liver depletes plasma lipids and protects mice from atherosclerosis (PubMed:33186557).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum cargo receptor that mediates the export of lipoproteins by recruiting cargos into COPII vesicles to facilitate their secretion. Acts as a cargo receptor for lipoproteins bearing both APOB and APOA1, thereby regulating lipoprotein delivery and the maintenance of lipid homeostasis. Synergizes with the GTPase SAR1B to mediate transport of circulating lipoproteins. Promotes the secretion of PCSK9. Also mediates the efficient secretion of erythropoietin (EPO). May also play a role in the maintenance of the architecture of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and of the Golgi.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Found in a complex composed at least of SURF4, TMED2 and TMED10 (By similarity). May interact with LMAN1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 and with KIF5A in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701). Interacts with STING1 (By similarity). Interacts with SAR1B (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM41B (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: The di-lysine motif confers endoplasmic reticulum localization for type I membrane proteins.

10090:Kdf1
gene id: 10090:Kdf1
uniprot id: A2A9F4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in basal and suprabasal layers of the epidermis as well as within the developing hair follicles and the lumen of the esophagus at 18 dpc.
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of the epidermis formation during early development. Required both as an inhibitor of basal cell proliferation and a promoter of differentiation of basal progenitor cell progeny.
messages: Shorthand (Shd), a recessive ethylnitrosurea-induced mutant with a frameshift that results in a longer protein with the C-terminal being out of frame. Shd displays shortened and fused limbs and craniofacial malformations, including shortened snout at 12.5 dpc. The affected mice display a thickened epidermis with increased basal keratinocyte proliferation and poorly-differentiated epidermal cells that fail to form a normal barrier at 18.5 dpc. Shd homozygotes died at birth, likely due to the epidermis covering the mouth and nose openings, preventing respiration (PubMed:24075906).

10090:Gm20806
gene id: 10090:Gm20806
uniprot id: Q9D9T3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Gsdma2
gene id: 10090:Gsdma2
uniprot id: Q32M21
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the gasdermin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage relieves autoinhibition by releasing the N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-A2, N-terminal) that initiates pyroptosis (By similarity). In contrast to Gsdma, not cleaved by bacterial effector protein SpeB (PubMed:35110732).
messages: Expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, specifically from the middle to the upper region of the gastric mucosa in the glandular stomach.
messages: Expression is first detected at 16.6-17.5 dpc.
messages: Homooligomer; homooligomeric ring-shaped pore complex containing 18-36 subunits when inserted in the membrane.
messages: Intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains are important for autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal. The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the N-terminal domain.
messages: Mice lacking Gsdma, Gsdma2 and Gsdma3 are highly susceptible to subcutaneous group A Streptococcus (GAS) infection in an animal model.
messages: Pore-forming protein that causes membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis. Released upon cleavage of Gasdermin-A2, and binds to membrane inner leaflet lipids. Homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, triggering pyroptosis. Binds to membrane inner leaflet lipids, such as phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate.
messages: The full-length protein before cleavage is inactive: intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains mediate autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal. The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-A2, N-terminal).
messages: This form constitutes the precursor of the pore-forming protein and acts as a sensor of infection: upon bacterial infection, specifically cleaved by some bacterial effector protein, releasing the N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-A2, N-terminal) that binds to membranes and forms pores, triggering pyroptosis.
messages: cytosol
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Tmem200b
gene id: 10090:Tmem200b
uniprot id: D3Z0P8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM200 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Shmt1
gene id: 10090:Shmt1
uniprot id: P50431
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SHMT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotetramer (PubMed:11063567). Identified in complex with FAM175B and the other subunits of the BRISC complex, at least composed of FAM175B/ABRO1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1.
messages: In eukaryotes there are two forms of the enzymes: a cytosolic one and a mitochondrial one.
messages: Interconversion of serine and glycine.

10090:Klc1
gene id: 10090:Klc1
uniprot id: E9Q7C9
uniprot id: Q5UE59
uniprot id: Q7M6Z7
uniprot id: Q7M6Z8
uniprot id: Q7M6Z9
uniprot id: Q7M701
uniprot id: Q7M702
uniprot id: Q7TNF4
uniprot id: Q8CD76
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the kinesin light chain family.
messages: Kinesin is a microtubule-associated force-producing protein that play a role in organelle transport.
messages: Oligomeric complex composed of two heavy chains and two light chains.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gbx2
gene id: 10090:Gbx2
uniprot id: P48031
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed during gastrulation in the three primitive germ layers and in the pharyngeal arches. In later stages, expressed in the developing nervous system, midbrain/ hindbrain boundary, cerebellum anlage, certain rhombomeres, regions of the spinal cord, and in the developing dorsal thalamus and corpus striatum.
messages: Expressed in adult brain, spleen and female genital tract. No expression in heart, liver, lung, kidney, or testis.
messages: May act as a transcription factor for cell pluripotency and differentiation in the embryo.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cacna1s
gene id: 10090:Cacna1s
uniprot id: Q02789
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. CACNA1S subfamily.
messages: Channel activity is blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, and by benzothiazepines.
messages: Component of a calcium channel complex consisting of a pore-forming alpha subunit (CACNA1S) and the ancillary subunits CACNB1 or CACNB2, CACNG1 and CACNA2D1 (PubMed:28351836). The channel complex contains alpha, beta, gamma and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio, i.e. it contains either CACNB1 or CACNB2 (By similarity). CACNA1S channel activity is modulated by the auxiliary subunits (CACNB1 or CACNB2, CACNG1 and CACNA2D1). Interacts with DYSF and JSRP1 (PubMed:12871958, PubMed:16550931, PubMed:16638807). Interacts with RYR1 (By similarity). Interacts with STAC, STAC2 and STAC3 (via their SH3 domains) (PubMed:29467163). Interacts with CALM (By similarity).
messages: Defects in Cacna1s are the cause of muscular dysgenesis (MDG), a lethal autosomal recessive disorder in which there is total lack of excitation-contraction coupling in homozygotes, and which results in complete skeletal muscle paralysis. A single nucleotide deletion yields a protein with an altered and truncated C-terminus.
messages: Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation by PKA activates the calcium channel. Both the minor and major forms are phosphorylated in vitro by PKA. Phosphorylation at Ser-1575 is involved in beta-adrenergic-mediated regulation of the channel.
messages: Pore-forming, alpha-1S subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents in skeletal muscle. Calcium channels containing the alpha-1S subunit play an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle via their interaction with RYR1, which triggers Ca(2+) release from the sarcplasmic reticulum and ultimately results in muscle contraction. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group.
messages: T-tubule
messages: The alpha-1S subunit is found in two isoforms in the skeletal muscle: a minor form of 212 kDa containing the complete amino acid sequence, and a major form of 190 kDa derived from the full-length form by post-translational proteolysis close to Phe-1690.
messages: The loop between repeats II and III interacts with the ryanodine receptor, and is therefore important for calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum necessary for muscle contraction.

10090:Dsn1
gene id: 10090:Dsn1
uniprot id: Q9CYC5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the MIS12 complex composed of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1. Also interacts with KNL1, CBX3 and CBX5. Interacts with KNSTRN.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the MIS12 complex which is required for normal chromosome alignment and segregation and kinetochore formation during mitosis.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Basp1
gene id: 10090:Basp1
uniprot id: Q91XV3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BASP1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: growth cone

10090:Retreg2
gene id: 10090:Retreg2
uniprot id: Q6NS82
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RETREG family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-anchored autophagy regulator which exists in an inactive state under basal conditions but is activated following cellular stress (PubMed:34338405). When activated, induces ER fragmentation and mediates ER delivery into lysosomes through sequestration into autophagosomes via interaction with ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:34338405). Required for collagen quality control in a LIR motif-independent manner (PubMed:34338405).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with ATG8 family modifier proteins MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, GABARAPL1 and GABARAPL2 (PubMed:34338405). Also interacts with ATG8 family modifier protein GABARAP (By similarity). Interacts with CANX (By similarity).
messages: The LIR motif interacts with ATG8 family proteins.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in brain, lung, heart, liver and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:34338405). Mainly expressed in the central nervous system and in parenchymatous organs including liver, lung and kidney.

10090:Pih1d2
gene id: 10090:Pih1d2
uniprot id: Q8CHR9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PIH1 family.

10090:Atp2c1
gene id: 10090:Atp2c1
uniprot id: Q3UZR5
uniprot id: Q69ZL4
uniprot id: Q80XR2
uniprot id: Q8BMS7
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-driven pump that supplies the Golgi apparatus with Ca(2+) and Mn(2+) ions, both essential cofactors for processing and trafficking of newly synthesized proteins in the secretory pathway (By similarity). Within a catalytic cycle, acquires Ca(2+) or Mn(2+) ions on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane and delivers them to the lumenal side. The transfer of ions across the membrane is coupled to ATP hydrolysis and is associated with a transient phosphorylation that shifts the pump conformation from inward-facing to outward-facing state (By similarity). Plays a primary role in the maintenance of Ca(2+) homeostasis in the trans-Golgi compartment with a functional impact on Golgi and post-Golgi protein sorting as well as a structural impact on cisternae morphology. Responsible for loading the Golgi stores with Ca(2+) ions in keratinocytes, contributing to keratinocyte differentiation and epidermis integrity (By similarity). Participates in Ca(2+) and Mn(2+) ions uptake into the Golgi store of hippocampal neurons and regulates protein trafficking required for neural polarity (PubMed:19793975). May also play a role in the maintenance of Ca(2+) and Mn(2+) homeostasis and signaling in the cytosol while preventing cytotoxicity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
messages: Expressed in hippocampal neurons in the CA3 region of the Amon's horn (at protein level) (PubMed:19793975). Expressed in brain, heart, lung, stomach, liver, colon and mammary gland (PubMed:17597066).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer.
messages: Mutant mice, born at the expected Mendelian rate, show growth retardation and exencephaly by 9.5 dpc and die by 10.5 dpc.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Tmem150c
gene id: 10090:Tmem150c
uniprot id: Q8C8S3
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DRAM/TMEM150 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a mechanosensitive cation channel. Confers mechanically activated (MA) currents with slow inactivation kinetics. May contribute to proprioception (PubMed:27321926).
messages: Deficient mice exhibit loss of coordinated movements and abnormal gait.
messages: High expression in the epididymis, pancreas, dorsal-root ganglion, eye, brain, and spinal cord. Expressed in muscle spindle afferents (at protein level)(PubMed:27321926).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Tentonin comes from the Greek 'tentono' meaning to stretch.
messages: The function of the TMEM150C complex is debated. One study confirms that naive cells expressing TMEM150C is activated by mechanically stimuli but this response is absent in CRISPR-Cas9 PIEZO1 knockout cell lines suggesting that TMEM150C is not sufficient to function as mechanically activated channels but is a modulatory protein of PIEZO1 (PubMed:28426961). In another study, based on coexpression of TMEM150C and PEIZO1 and mutant variants of TMEM150C supports that TMEM150C is a pore-forming unit, and not an amplifying adapter for PIEZO1 activity (PubMed:28426962).

10090:Nsd2
gene id: 10090:Nsd2
uniprot id: Q8BVE8
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET2 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Depending on the experimental set up and substrate used, NSD2 has been shown to mono-, di- or tri-methylate 'Lys-27', 'Lys-36' or 'Lys-79' of histone H3 and 'Lys-20' or 'Lys-44' of histone H4 (By similarity). However, dimethylation of nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) is likely to be the physiological reaction catalyzed by NSD2 (By similarity).
messages: During B-cell development, expressed in early B2 cell progenitors (pre- and pro-B cells) with a decrease in expression at later stages.
messages: Histone methyltransferase which specifically dimethylates nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (By similarity). Mono-, di- and tri-methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-27' (H3K27me, H3K27me2, H3K27me3) (PubMed:18172012). Methylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-27' is controversial (By similarity). May act as a transcription regulator that binds DNA and suppresses IL5 transcription through HDAC recruitment (PubMed:18172012).
messages: Histone methyltransferase which specifically dimethylates nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (PubMed:19483677, PubMed:32862441, PubMed:31636135). Also monomethylates nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me) in vitro (PubMed:19483677). Does not trimethylate nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) (By similarity). However, specifically trimethylates histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) at euchromatic regions in embryonic stem (ES) cells (PubMed:19483677). By methylating histone H3 at 'Lys-36', involved in the regulation of gene transcription during various biological processes (PubMed:19483677, PubMed:31636135, PubMed:32862441, PubMed:23241889). In ES cells, associates with developmental transcription factors such as SALL1 and represses inappropriate gene transcription mediated by histone deacetylation (PubMed:19483677). During heart development, associates with transcription factor NKX2-5 to repress transcription of NKX2-5 target genes (PubMed:19483677). Plays an essential role in adipogenesis, by regulating expression of genes involved in pre-adipocyte differentiation (By similarity). During T-cell receptor (TCR) and CD28-mediated T-cell activation, promotes the transcription of transcription factor BCL6 which is required for follicular helper T (Tfh) cell differentiation (PubMed:31636135). During B-cell development, required for the generation of the B1 lineage (PubMed:32862441). During B2 cell activation, may contribute to the control of isotype class switch recombination (CRS), splenic germinal center formation, and the humoral immune response (PubMed:32862441). Plays a role in class switch recombination of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus during B-cell activation (PubMed:23241889). By regulating the methylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-36' and histone H4 at 'Lys-20' at the IgH locus, involved in TP53BP1 recruitment to the IgH switch region and promotes the transcription of IgA (PubMed:23241889).
messages: Incorrectly indicated as originating from human.
messages: Induced in CD4(+) T-cell in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) and CD28 stimulation (at protein level) (PubMed:31636135). Induced in B2-cells by IgM antibodies or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (PubMed:32862441).
messages: Interacts with HDAC1 (PubMed:19483677). Interacts (via PHD-type zinc fingers 1, 2 and 3) with SALL1 (PubMed:19483677). Interacts (via PHD-type 1, 2 and 3) with SALL4 (PubMed:19483677). Interacts with NANOG (PubMed:19483677). Interacts with OGT (PubMed:19483677). Interacts (via HMG box) with NKX2-5 (PubMed:19483677).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Offspring number is low at birth (PubMed:19483677). After birth, pups have growth retardation and die within 10 days (PubMed:19483677). At 15.5 dpc, levels of trimethylated 'Lys-36' on histone H3 are reduced (PubMed:19483677). At 18.5 dpc, embryos are smaller with midline fusion defects due to a lack of ossification centers and some have cleft palates (PubMed:19483677). They also have heart defects including atrial and ventricular septal defects (PubMed:19483677). Conditional knockout in CD4(+) T-cells, reduces dimethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-36' at the Bcl6 gene locus in response to T-cell activation which results in impaired Bcl6 expresseion (PubMed:31636135). Following immunization with ovalbumin antigen or sheep red blood cells, or infection with LCMV virus, follicular helper T (Tfh) cell differentiation and germinal center B cell response are reduced (PubMed:31636135). Also, following infection with LCMV virus, clearance of the virus is delayed (PubMed:31636135). No defect in T-cell development (PubMed:31636135).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in early development (PubMed:9618163). Highly expressed in neuroepithelium at 10.5 dpc, and in the forebrain, midbrain, frontal facial region, jaw, heart but not in the endocardial cushion, and cartilage primordial at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:19483677).

10090:Uqcrh
gene id: 10090:Uqcrh
uniprot id: P99028
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UQCRH/QCR6 family.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Nebl
gene id: 10090:Nebl
uniprot id: Q9DC07
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds to actin and plays an important role in the assembly of the Z-disk. Isoform 2 might play a role in the assembly of focal adhesion (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Mcee
gene id: 10090:Mcee
uniprot id: Q9D1I5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase family.
messages: Methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase involved in propionyl-CoA metabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Grm4
gene id: 10090:Grm4
uniprot id: A0A140T8R6
uniprot id: G3XA00
uniprot id: Q68EF4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PICK1.
messages: Membrane

10090:Them5
gene id: 10090:Them5
uniprot id: Q9CQJ0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the THEM4/THEM5 thioesterase family.
messages: Has acyl-CoA thioesterase activity towards long-chain (C16 and C18) fatty acyl-CoA substrates, with a preference for linoleoyl-CoA and other unsaturated long-chain fatty acid-CoA esters (By similarity). Plays an important role in mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism, and in remodeling of the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin (PubMed:22586271). Required for normal mitochondrial function (PubMed:22586271).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: With increasing age, mice develop fatty liver, due to impaired mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism, and impaired remodeling of the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin. Mitochondria contain increased levels of monolysocardiolipin, and decreased levels of linoleic and linolenic acid. The altered fatty acid metabolism leads to decreased mitochondrial beta-oxidation and ketone body formation. Mitochondria show abnormal, elongated morphology, and their function is impaired.

10090:Erg28
gene id: 10090:Erg28
uniprot id: Q9ERY9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ERG28 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Ccnl2
gene id: 10090:Ccnl2
uniprot id: Q9JJA7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin L subfamily.
messages: Contains a RS region (arginine-serine dipeptide repeat) within the C-terminal domain which is the hallmark of the SR family of splicing factors. This region probably plays a role in protein-protein interactions (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CDK11A, CDK11B, CDK12, CDK13 and POLR2A, the hyperphosphorylated C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. May form a ternary complex with CDK11B and casein kinase II (CKII). Interacts with pre-mRNA-splicing factors, including at least SRSF1, SRSF2 and SRSF7/SLU7.
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. May induce cell death, possibly by acting on the transcription and RNA processing of apoptosis-related factors.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level).
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Nudt21
gene id: 10090:Nudt21
uniprot id: Q9CQF3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated mainly by p300/CBP, recruited to the complex by CPSF6. Acetylation decreases interaction with PAPAO. Deacetylated by the class I/II HDACs, HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC10, and by the class III HDACs, SIRT1 and SIRT2.
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. CPSF5 subfamily.
messages: Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex that functions as an activator of the pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation processing required for the maturation of pre-mRNA into functional mRNAs. CFIm contributes to the recruitment of multiprotein complexes on specific sequences on the pre-mRNA 3'-end, so called cleavage and polyadenylation signals (pA signals). Most pre-mRNAs contain multiple pA signals, resulting in alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) producing mRNAs with variable 3'-end formation. The CFIm complex acts as a key regulator of cleavage and polyadenylation site choice during APA through its binding to 5'-UGUA-3' elements localized in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) for a huge number of pre-mRNAs. NUDT21/CPSF5 activates indirectly the mRNA 3'-processing machinery by recruiting CPSF6 and/or CPSF7. Binds to 5'-UGUA-3' elements localized upstream of pA signals that act as enhancers of pre-mRNA 3'-end processing. The homodimer mediates simultaneous sequence-specific recognition of two 5'-UGUA-3' elements within the pre-mRNA (By similarity). Plays a role in somatic cell fate transitions and pluripotency by regulating widespread changes in gene expression through an APA-dependent function(PubMed:29249356). Binds to chromatin (PubMed:18032416). Binds to, but does not hydrolyze mono- and di-adenosine nucleotides (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis (PubMed:18032416). Expressed in male germ cells (at protein level) (PubMed:18032416).
messages: Homodimer (via N- and C-terminus); binds RNA as homodimer. Component of the cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex which is a heterotetramer composed of two subunits of NUDT21/CPSF5 and two subunits of CPSF6 or CPSF7 or a heterodimer of CPSF6 and CPSF7. The cleavage factor Im (CFIm) complex associates with the CPSF and CSTF complexes to promote the assembly of the core mRNA 3'-processing machinery. Interacts with CPSF6 (via the RRM domain); this interaction is direct and enhances binding to RNA. Interacts with CPSF7. Interacts with FIP1L1; this interaction occurs in a RNA sequence-specific manner. Interacts with PABPN1 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with PAPOLA (via C-terminus); this interaction is direct and diminished by acetylation (PubMed:11716503). Interacts with SNRNP70 (By similarity). Interacts with VIRMA (By similarity).
messages: Lacks the conserved metal-binding residues in the NUDIX motif and is not expected to have hydrolase activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated during spermatogenesis (PubMed:18032416).

10090:Albfm1
gene id: 10090:Albfm1
uniprot id: F8VQ07
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccl11
gene id: 10090:Ccl11
uniprot id: P48298
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: By interferon gamma and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (PubMed:7568052). By interleukin-13 (IL13) (PubMed:15647285).
messages: Expressed constitutively in the thymus. Expression inducible in the lung (type I alveolar epithelial cells), intestine, heart, spleen, kidney.
messages: In response to the presence of allergens, this protein directly promotes the accumulation of eosinophils (a prominent feature of allergic inflammatory reactions), but not lymphocytes, macrophages or neutrophils (PubMed:7568052, PubMed:8574847). Binds to CCR3 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Man1b1
gene id: 10090:Man1b1
uniprot id: A2AJ15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in glycoprotein quality control targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for degradation. It primarily trims a single alpha-1,2-linked mannose residue from Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to produce Man(8)GlcNAc(2), but at high enzyme concentrations, as found in the ER quality control compartment (ERQC), it further trims the carbohydrates to Man(5-6)GlcNAc(2) (By similarity).

10090:Rilp
gene id: 10090:Rilp
uniprot id: Q5ND29
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with RAB7A. Interacts with RAB34 (By similarity). Identified in a complex with MREG and DCTN1; interacts directly with MREG (PubMed:22275436). Interacts with CLN3 (By similarity). Interacts with FLCN; the interaction is direct and promotes association between RILP and RAB34 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Rab effector playing a role in late endocytic transport to degradative compartments. Involved in the regulation of lysosomal morphology and distribution. Induces recruitment of dynein-dynactin motor complexes to Rab7A-containing late endosome and lysosome compartments. Promotes centripetal migration of phagosomes and the fusion of phagosomes with the late endosomes and lysosomes.
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Itgb4
gene id: 10090:Itgb4
uniprot id: A2A863
uniprot id: A2A864
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Beta-4 associates with alpha-6. Interacts (via cytoplasmic region) with COL17A1 (via cytoplasmic region). Interacts (via cytoplasmic region) with DST isoform 3 (via N-terminus). Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with DST (via N-terminus). Interacts with RAC1. ITGA6:ITGB4 is found in a ternary complex with NRG1 and ERBB3. ITGA6:ITGB4 is found in a ternary complex with IGF1 and IGF1R. ITGA6:ITGB4 interacts with IGF2.
messages: Integrin alpha-6/beta-4 is a receptor for laminin. It plays a critical structural role in the hemidesmosome of epithelial cells. Is required for the regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to NRG1 (via EGF domain) and this binding is essential for NRG1-ERBB signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF1 and this binding is essential for IGF1 signaling. ITGA6:ITGB4 binds to IGF2 and this binding is essential for IGF2 signaling.
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated by DHHC3 at several cysteines of the membrane-proximal region, enhancing stability and cell surface expression. Palmitoylation also promotes secondary association with tertaspanins (By similarity).
messages: The VWFA domain (or beta I domain) contains three cation-binding sites: the ligand-associated metal ion-binding site (LIMBS or SyMBS), the metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS), and the adjacent MIDAS site (ADMIDAS). This domain is also part of the ligand-binding site.
messages: The fibronectin type-III-like domains bind BPAG1 and plectin and probably also recruit BP230.
messages: hemidesmosome

10090:Actrt1
gene id: 10090:Actrt1
uniprot id: Q9D9J3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Negatively regulates the Hedgehog (SHH) signaling. Binds to the promoter of the SHH signaling mediator, GLI1, and inhibits its expression.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Zfp809
gene id: 10090:Zfp809
uniprot id: G3X9G7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor specifically required to repress retrotransposons in embryonic stem cells. Recognizes and binds retroviral DNA sequences from a large subset of mammalian retroviruses and retroelements and repress their expression by recruiting a repressive complex containing TRIM28/KAP1 (PubMed:19270682).

10090:Mrs2
gene id: 10090:Mrs2
uniprot id: Q5NCE8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family.
messages: Magnesium transporter that mediates the influx of magnesium into the mitochondrial matrix. Required for normal expression of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Il17c
gene id: 10090:Il17c
uniprot id: Q8K4C5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IL-17 family.
messages: Binds to a heterodimer formed by IL17RA and IL17RE.
messages: Cytokine that plays a crucial role in innate immunity of the epithelium, including to intestinal bacterial pathogens, in an autocrine manner. Stimulates the production of antibacterial peptides and pro-inflammatory molecules for host defense by signaling through the NFKB and MAPK pathways. Acts synergically with IL22, TNF and IL1B in inducing antibacterial peptides. May have protective function by maintaining epithelial homeostasis after an inflammatory challenge, such as that caused in the intestine by dextran sulfate sodium in a colitis model. May also promote an inflammatory phenotype, such as skin in a psoriasis model. Enhanced IL17C/IL17RE signaling may also lead to greater susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune encephalitis.
messages: Expressed by epithelial cells after bacterial challenge. Low expression, if any, in lymphocytes.
messages: Mutant animals develop normally and do not exhibit any pronounced immunological deficiency.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in the colon, but not in spleen or liver, during infection with Citrobacter rodentium. Up-regulated by various inflammatory cytokines, including TNF, IL1B, IL17A and IL17F in colon epithelial cells.

10090:Calhm1
gene id: 10090:Calhm1
uniprot id: A0A1Y1C8H8
uniprot id: D3Z291
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the CALHM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homohexamer (By similarity). Associates with CALHM3 as a pore-forming subunit in an hetero-hexameric channel complex (PubMed:29681531).
messages: Impaired perceptions of sweet, bitter and umami compounds. Mice are viable and fertile, with no visible morphological abnormalities in their taste buds or any altered expression of taste-related marker genes. They do however display a loss of both preference for sweet and umami compounds and for avoidance of bitter compounds. Perceptions of sour and salty tastes are unaffected. Reduced voltage-gated currents in type II cells and taste-evoked ATP release from taste buds without affecting the excitability of taste cells by taste stimuli. Elderly males and females do not show defects in spatial learning and memory retrieving.
messages: Inhibited by Gd(3+), Ruthenium Red, and Zn(2+) and partially inhibited by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel, also permeable to larger molecules including ATP, required for sensory perception of sweet, bitter and umami tastes (PubMed:23467090). Specifically present in type II taste bud cells, where it plays a central role in sweet, bitter and umami taste perception by inducing ATP release from the cell, ATP acting as a neurotransmitter to activate afferent neural gustatory pathways (PubMed:23467090). Together with CALHM3, forms a fast-activating voltage-gated ATP-release channel in type II taste bud cells (TBCs) (PubMed:29681531). Acts both as a voltage-gated and calcium-activated ion channel: mediates neuronal excitability in response to changes in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration (PubMed:22711817). Has poor ion selectivity and forms a wide pore (around 14 Angstroms) that mediates permeation of Ca(2+), Na(+) and K(+), as well as permeation of monovalent anions (PubMed:22711817). Acts as an activator of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (By similarity). Triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress by reducing the calcium content of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). May indirectly control amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis and aggregated amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides levels in a Ca(2+) dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Specifically expressed in type II taste bud cells. Not expressed in brain.

10090:Snx7
gene id: 10090:Snx7
uniprot id: F8WI30
uniprot id: Q5M8N3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.

10090:Ccl1
gene id: 10090:Ccl1
uniprot id: P10146
uniprot id: Q0VB35
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Cytokine that is chemotactic for neutrophils.
messages: Produced by T-cell after stimulation by antigen or induction by concanavalin a (Con-A).
messages: Secreted
messages: The polymorphisms in strains DBA/2J and SJL/J may be associated with severity of clinical symptoms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis, and susceptibility to the monophasic remitting/nonrelapsing form of the disease.

10090:Pank2
gene id: 10090:Pank2
uniprot id: Q7M753
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type II pantothenate kinase family.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pantothenate to generate 4'-phosphopantothenate in the first and rate-determining step of coenzyme A (CoA) synthesis.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by acetyl-CoA (PubMed:17825826). Inhibited by calcium hopantenate (PubMed:17379144). Activated by palmitoylcarnitine (PubMed:17825826).
messages: Single knockout mice show a reduction in pantothenate kinase (PANK) activity of about 30% and 60% in the liver and brain respectively. Pank1 and Pank2 double knockout mice develop progressively severe hypoglycemia and hyperketonemia by postnatal day 10 leading to their death by day 17. A reduction in PANK activity of about 90-95% seen in the liver and brain and hepatocytes show reduced NADH levels.
messages: cytosol

10090:Uqcr10
gene id: 10090:Uqcr10
uniprot id: Q5NCJ9
uniprot id: Q8R1I1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UQCR10/QCR9 family.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783). Interacts with STMP1 (PubMed:35101990).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein, 2 core protein subunits, and additional low-molecular weight protein subunits.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Lyz2
gene id: 10090:Lyz2
uniprot id: A0A077S2U6
uniprot id: P08905
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family.
messages: Expressed weakly in myeloblasts, moderately in immature macrophages, and strongly in both mature macrophages and macrophage-rich tissues.
messages: Lysozyme C is capable of both hydrolysis and transglycosylation; it shows also a slight esterase activity. It acts rapidly on both peptide-substituted and unsubstituted peptidoglycan, and slowly on chitin oligosaccharides.
messages: Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Lyz2 is active against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. More effective than Lyz1 in killing Gram-negative bacteria. Lyz1 and Lyz2 are equally effective in killing Gram-positive bacteria.
messages: Mice display increased inflammation in response to M.luteus infection, impaired digestion of M.luteus cell walls, decreased clearance of P.aeruginosa from infected airways, increased susceptibility to K.pneumoniae infection and increased bacterial burden and mortality following infection with various Gram-negative bacteria. Lyz2 is non-immunogenic in wild-type mice but is rendered immunogenic in mutants.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Secreted

10090:Txndc5
gene id: 10090:Txndc5
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1Y7
uniprot id: E9PXX7
uniprot id: Q3TEE8
uniprot id: Q3UWX1
uniprot id: Q91W90
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed at high levels in plasma cells and at very low levels in all other cells and tissues examined (at protein level).
messages: Protein disulfide isomerase of the endoplasmic reticulum lumen involved in the formation of disulfide bonds in proteins (PubMed:12930873, PubMed:14971039). Can reduce insulin disulfide bonds (PubMed:14971039).

10090:Focad
gene id: 10090:Focad
uniprot id: A2AKG8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed by glial and neuronal cells in brain.
messages: Interacts with VCL.
messages: Required for the maintenance of SKIC2 and SKIC3 proteostatic levels in the liver. May be involved in the regulation of RNA degradation by the exosome complex (By similarity). Potential tumor suppressor in gliomas.
messages: cytosol
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Il21r
gene id: 10090:Il21r
uniprot id: Q9JHX3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily.
messages: C-mannosylated at Trp-214 in the WSXWS motif, the sugar chain makes extensive hydrogen bonds with Asn-73 sugar, and bridges the two fibronectin domains transforming the V-shaped receptor into an A-frame.
messages: Heterodimer with the common gamma subunit. Associates with JAK1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Selectively expressed in lymphoid tissues. Most highly expressed in thymus and spleen.
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.
messages: This is a receptor for interleukin-21.

10090:Ms4a6d
gene id: 10090:Ms4a6d
uniprot id: Q2TVW7
uniprot id: Q99N07
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, intestine, colon, testis, heart, liver, brain, kidney, peripheral lymph node and bone marrow.
messages: May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pla2g2e
gene id: 10090:Pla2g2e
uniprot id: Q3UG05
uniprot id: Q9QUL3
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 Ca(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed abundantly in hair follicles during the anagen phase. Low expression is observed before birth, then follows hair cycle progression: up-regulated markedly during P5-P15 (anagen phase), declining to nearly the basal level during P20-P25 (catagen and telogen) and then increasing again at P30 (next anagen).
messages: Highly expressed in skin and uterus, and at lower levels in various other tissues (PubMed:27226633, PubMed:10531313, PubMed:10681567, PubMed:11922621). Expressed in hair follicles, specifically localized in companion cells of the outer root sheath and cuticular cells of the inner root sheath in hair follicles during anagen (PubMed:27226633). Expressed in white and brown adipose tissue (PubMed:24910243).
messages: Mutant mice show abnormal hair follicle ultrastructure characterized by defects in the companion layer, the inner root sheath (IRS) and hair shaft. Mutant IRS cells have large cytoplasmic cysts and pyknotic nuclei and are devoid of keratohyalin granules, whereas the cuticle is abnormally dissociated from the hair cortex and medulla, indicative of impaired hair follicle development (PubMed:27226633). Mutant mice are protected from obesity and hyperlipidemia in response to high-fat diet (PubMed:24910243).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids (PubMed:11922621, PubMed:10531313). Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity), releasing various unsaturated fatty acids including oleoate, linoleoate, arachidonate, docosahexaenoate and lysophosphatidylethanolamines in preference to lysophosphatidylcholines (By similarity). In response to high-fat diet, hydrolyzes minor lipoprotein phospholipids including phosphatidylserines, phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylglycerols, altering lipoprotein composition and fat storage in adipose tissue and liver (PubMed:24910243). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (By similarity). Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines, which are major components of membrane phospholipids in bacteria (By similarity). Acts as a hair follicle phospholipase A2. Selectively releases lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE) and various unsaturated fatty acids in skin to regulate hair follicle homeostasis (PubMed:27226633). May regulate the inflammatory response by releasing arachidonate, a precursor of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Upon allergen exposure, may participate in allergic inflammatory response by enhancing leukotriene C4 synthesis and degranulation in mast cells (PubMed:11922621).
messages: Up-regulated in thymus, small intestine, brain, heart, testis, kidney and lung upon endotoxin challenge (PubMed:10681567, PubMed:11922621). Detected in alveolar macrophage-like cells upon endotoxin challenge (PubMed:10681567). Up-regulated in white and brown adipocytes upon high-fat diet (PubMed:24910243). Up-regulated in ear epidermis in response to topical dermatitis agent 2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB) (PubMed:11922621).

10090:Defb36
gene id: 10090:Defb36
uniprot id: Q8K3U4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Acy1
gene id: 10090:Acy1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J050
uniprot id: Q99JW2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M20A family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-acetylated amino acids to acetate and free amino acids.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with SPHK1.

10090:Tmem60
gene id: 10090:Tmem60
uniprot id: Q8K174
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r5
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r5
uniprot id: B2RQT2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc16a13
gene id: 10090:Slc16a13
uniprot id: Q8CE94
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. May catalyze the transport of monocarboxylates across the plasma membrane.

10090:Sspn
gene id: 10090:Sspn
uniprot id: Q62147
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), a complex that spans the muscle plasma membrane and forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Preferentially associates with the sarcoglycan subcomplex of the DGC (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Ppil2
gene id: 10090:Ppil2
uniprot id: Q9D787
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL2 subfamily.
messages: Component of the minor spliceosome, which splices U12-type introns. Within this complex, interacts with PRPF8/PRP8, EFTUD2/SNU114 and PLRG1 (By similarity). Interacts with isoform 2 of BSG (By similarity). Interacts (via the PPIase cyclophilin-type domain) with CRNKL1; they may form a trimeric complex with HSP90.
messages: Despite the fact that it belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family, it has probably no peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity due to the presence of a tyrosine instead of a tryptophan at position 389.
messages: Has a ubiquitin-protein ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase or as an ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on substrates. By mediating 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of proteins could target them for proteasomal degradation. May also function as a chaperone, playing a role in transport to the cell membrane of BSG/Basigin for instance. Probable inactive PPIase with no peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. As a component of the minor spliceosome, involved in the splicing of U12-type introns in pre-mRNAs (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sfxn4
gene id: 10090:Sfxn4
uniprot id: Q925N1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sideroflexin family.
messages: Largely restricted to kidney, brain and heart.
messages: Mitochondrial amino-acid transporter (By similarity). Does not act as a serine transporter: not able to mediate transport of serine into mitochondria (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Wfdc18
gene id: 10090:Wfdc18
uniprot id: P62810
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Could have proteinase inhibiting capacity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rgs3
gene id: 10090:Rgs3
uniprot id: Q9DC04
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds the GNB1-GNG2 heterodimer (By similarity). Binds EFNB1 and EFNB2.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in embryos from E8.5-16.5 in cortical ventricular zone, dorsal root ganglia and cerebellar primordia. Isoform 3 is detected in testis and in spermatocytes from newborn mice. Levels increase and reach a maximum after 21 days; after this they decrease again. Long isoforms are widely expressed.
messages: Down-regulates signaling from heterotrimeric G-proteins by increasing the GTPase activity of the alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Down-regulates G-protein-mediated release of inositol phosphates and activation of MAP kinases.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Nuclear.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase.

10090:Pdyn
gene id: 10090:Pdyn
uniprot id: O35852
uniprot id: Q3UZW2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.
messages: Dynorphin peptides differentially regulate the kappa opioid receptor. Dynorphin A(1-13) has a typical opioid activity, it is 700 times more potent than Leu-enkephalin.
messages: Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress.
messages: Leumorphin has a typical opioid activity and may have anti-apoptotic effect.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rragd
gene id: 10090:Rragd
uniprot id: B1AWT2
uniprot id: Q7TT45
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the distal tubule of the kidney.
messages: Forms a heterodimer with RRAGA in a sequence-independent manner and RRAGB. Heterodimerization stabilizes RRAG proteins. The GDP-bound form of RRAGD (in complex with the GTP-bound form of RRAGA or RRAGB), interacts with RPTOR, thereby promoting recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomes (By similarity). Component of the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC), composed of FLCN, FNIP1 (or FNIP2), RagA/RRAGA or RagB/RRAGB GDP-bound, RagC/RRAGC or RagD/RRAGD GTP-bound, and Ragulator (By similarity). Interacts with NOL8. Interacts with SH3BP4; the interaction with this negative regulator is most probably direct, preferentially occurs with the inactive GDP-bound form of RRAGD and is negatively regulated by amino acids (By similarity). The Rag heterodimer interacts with SLC38A9; the probable amino acid sensor. Interacts with SESN1, SESN2 and SESN3 (PubMed:25259925). The GDP-bound form interacts with TFEB (By similarity). The GDP-bound form interacts with TFE3 (PubMed:30595499).
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade. Forms heterodimeric Rag complexes with RagA/RRAGA or RagB/RRAGB and cycles between an inactive GTP-bound and an active GDP-bound form: RagD/RRAGD is in its active form when GDP-bound RagD/RRAGD forms a complex with GTP-bound RagA/RRAGA (or RagB/RRAGB) and in an inactive form when GTP-bound RagD/RRAGD heterodimerizes with GDP-bound RagA/RRAGA (or RagB/RRAGB). In its active form, promotes the recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. This is a crucial step in the activation of the MTOR signaling cascade by amino acids. Also plays a central role in the non-canonical mTORC1 complex, which acts independently of RHEB and specifically mediates phosphorylation of MiT/TFE factors TFEB and TFE3: GDP-bound RagD/RRAGD mediates recruitment of MiT/TFE factors TFEB and TFE3.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The activation of RagD/RRAGD is mediated by a GTPase activating protein (GAP). In high-amino acid conditions, activated by GTPase activating protein FLCN that stimulates RRAGD GTPase activity to turn it into its active GDP-bound form (By similarity). In response to amino acid depletion, the GATOR1 complex inactivates RagC/RRAGC by securing the GTP-bound inactive form (By similarity).

10090:Cog8
gene id: 10090:Cog8
uniprot id: Q9JJA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the COG8 family.
messages: Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex which is composed of eight different subunits and is required for normal Golgi morphology and localization.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Required for normal Golgi function.

10090:Nccrp1
gene id: 10090:Nccrp1
uniprot id: G3X9C2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Promotes cell proliferation.
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney. Weakly expressed in stomach, colon, duodenum and prostate.

10090:Strc
gene id: 10090:Strc
uniprot id: Q8VIM6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the stereocilin family.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Essential to the formation of horizontal top connectors between outer hair cell stereocilia.
messages: Strongly expressed in the inner ear, detected in the testis, and barely detected in the eye. Detected in the six sensory areas of the inner ear by immunofluorescence. Expressed only in the sensory hair cells and associated with the stereocilia, the stiff microvilli forming the structure for mechanoreception of sound stimulation.
messages: kinocilium
messages: stereocilium

10090:Or4p19
gene id: 10090:Or4p19
uniprot id: Q0VB29
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zpbp2
gene id: 10090:Zpbp2
uniprot id: Q5FWC7
uniprot id: Q6X786
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the zona pellucida-binding protein Sp38 family.
messages: Expressed from the mid-pachytene spermatocyte stage to the early elongating spermatid stage.
messages: Expressed specifically in male germ cells.
messages: Is implicated in sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization.
messages: Male mice are subfertile with sperm showing reduced ability to penetrate zona pellucida and displaying subtle morphological deformation, including shortened apical hook, smaller apical angle and bulges in acrosome region.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: acrosome

10090:Ddx54
gene id: 10090:Ddx54
uniprot id: Q8K4L0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX54/DBP10 subfamily.
messages: Has RNA-dependent ATPase activity. Represses the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors (By similarity).
messages: Interacts in a hormone-dependent manner with nuclear receptors.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Sypl2
gene id: 10090:Sypl2
uniprot id: O89104
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptophysin/synaptobrevin family.
messages: Expressed abundantly in skeletal muscle and at lower levels in the kidney.
messages: Involved in communication between the T-tubular and junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes.
messages: Membrane

10090:Shc3
gene id: 10090:Shc3
uniprot id: Q61120
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with the Trk receptors in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. Once activated, binds to GRB2. Interacts with activated EGF receptors (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in the adult brain.
messages: Signaling adapter that couples activated growth factor receptors to signaling pathway in neurons. Involved in the signal transduction pathways of neurotrophin-activated Trk receptors in cortical neurons (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated.

10090:Rfx6
gene id: 10090:Rfx6
uniprot id: Q8C7R7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RFX family.
messages: By Neurog3.
messages: Expressed initially broadly in the definitive endoderm after gastrulation, becomes restricted to the gut and pancreatic bud at mid gestation, and is reactivated by Neurog3 in islet progenitor cells and is ultimately restricted to pancreatic islets in the mature pancreas (at protein level).
messages: In the adult pancreas, expression is restricted to the islets where it could be detected in all endocrine lineages.
messages: Interacts with RFX3 (PubMed:20148032).
messages: Mice were born at the expected Mendelian ratio, but fail to feed normally, exhibit gross bowel distension due to small bowel obstruction and die within 2 days post partum. Some, but not all, of the animals also have reduced pancreas size. pancreata had almost no expression of the islet hormones genes, except for PP (polypeptide-producing).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required to direct islet cell differentiation during endocrine pancreas development. Specifically required for the differentiation of 4 of the 5 islet cell types and for the production of insulin. Not required for pancreatic PP (polypeptide-producing) cells differentiation. Acts downstream of NEUROG3 and regulates the transcription factors involved in beta-cell maturation and function, thereby restricting the expression of the beta-cell differentiation and specification genes, and thus the beta-cell fate choice. Activates transcription by forming a heterodimer with RFX3 and binding to the X-box in the promoter of target genes (PubMed:20148032). Involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by promoting insulin and L-type calcium channel gene transcription (By similarity).

10090:Ppp6r3
gene id: 10090:Ppp6r3
uniprot id: G5E8R4
uniprot id: Q922D4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SAPS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase 6 (PP6) holoenzyme is proposed to be a heterotrimeric complex formed by the catalytic subunit, a SAPS domain-containing subunit (PP6R) and an ankyrin repeat-domain containing regulatory subunit (ARS). Interacts with PPP6C and ANKRD28 (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 6 (PP6). May function as a scaffolding PP6 subunit. May have an important role in maintaining immune self-tolerance (By similarity).
messages: Strongest expression observed in lung, spleen, bladder and liver and weaker levels present in brain, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle and pancreas.

10090:Inpp4b
gene id: 10090:Inpp4b
uniprot id: E9PVM1
uniprot id: E9PVM3
uniprot id: Q1A6U9
uniprot id: Q1A6V1
uniprot id: Q3URI3
uniprot id: Q6P1Y8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the inositol 3,4-bisphosphate 4-phosphatase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the 4-position phosphate of phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate and inositol 3,4-bisphosphate (By similarity). Plays a role in the late stages of macropinocytosis by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate in membrane ruffles (By similarity). Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival (By similarity).
messages: Strongly inhibited by inositol hexakisphosphate.

10090:Kremen2
gene id: 10090:Kremen2
uniprot id: Q8K1S7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Animals with a double knockout of KREM1 and KREM2 exhibit enhanced Wnt signaling accompanied by ectopic postaxial forelimb digits and expanded apical ectodermal ridges. They also exhibit increased bone volume and bone formation rates. Triple knockout mice KREM1/KREM2/DKK1 exhibit enhanced growth of ectopic digits.
messages: Binding to ERLEC1 is mediated by the oligosaccharides linked to the kringle domain.
messages: Expressed in the developing brain and developing limb buds.
messages: Interacts with ERLEC1 (PubMed:16531414). Forms a ternary complex with DKK1 and LRP6 (PubMed:12050670).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for Dickkopf proteins. Cooperates with DKK1/2 to inhibit Wnt/beta-catenin signaling by promoting the endocytosis of Wnt receptors LRP5 and LRP6 (PubMed:12050670). Plays a role in limb development; attenuates Wnt signaling in the developing limb to allow normal limb patterning and can also negatively regulate bone formation (PubMed:18505822).

10090:Tob1
gene id: 10090:Tob1
uniprot id: Q61471
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Anti-proliferative protein; the function is mediated by association with deadenylase subunits of the CCR4-NOT complex. Mediates CPEB3-accelerated mRNA deadenylation by binding to CPEB3 and recruiting CNOT7 which leads to target mRNA deadenylation and decay.
messages: Belongs to the BTG family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ERBB2. Interacts with CNOT7. Interacts with CPEB3 (via C-terminal RNA-binding region); recruits CNOT7 to CPEB3 to form a ternary complex required for mRNA deadenylation and decay. Interacts with CNOT8. Interacts with CPEB4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser and Thr residues.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Araf
gene id: 10090:Araf
uniprot id: P04627
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Interacts with TH1L/NELFD.
messages: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. May also regulate the TOR signaling cascade (By similarity). Phosphorylates PFKFB2 (By similarity).

10090:Fbxo10
gene id: 10090:Fbxo10
uniprot id: Q7TQF2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the SCF(FBXO10) complex consisting of CUL1, SKP1 and FBXO10. Interacts with BCL2. Interacts with PRDM1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: FBXO10 deletion has no detectable effect on B-cells in bone marrow or spleen. Similarly, it has no detectable effect on T-cell thymic development or T-cell splenic maturation.
messages: Particularly highly expressed in B-cells.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of BCL2, an antiapoptotic protein, thereby playing a role in apoptosis by controlling the stability of BCL2. Targets also the receptor for advanced glycation end products RAGE for ubiquitination and subsequent lysosomal degradation. Directly controls HGAL/GCSAM ubiquitination and degradation and thereby decreases BCR signaling.

10090:C9
gene id: 10090:C9
uniprot id: A0A0R4J032
uniprot id: P06683
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC). MAC assembly is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b. C5b binds sequentially C6, C7, C8 and multiple copies of the pore-forming subunit C9. About 20 C9 chains oligomerize to give rise to a huge beta-barrel that forms a 100 Angstrom diameter pore in target membranes.
messages: Constituent of the membrane attack complex (MAC) that plays a key role in the innate and adaptive immune response by forming pores in the plasma membrane of target cells. C9 is the pore-forming subunit of the MAC.
messages: Initially, positions and connectivity of disulfide bonds were based on peptide sequencing done for the human protein. The high-resolution crystal structure for the mouse protein corrected the positions and connectivities of some disulfide bonds (PubMed:30111885). The distance between Cys-55 and Cys-92 in the monomeric mouse protein precludes formation of a disulfide bond, contrary to what is seen in the structure of the human polymeric form of the protein (Probable).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: Target cell membrane

10090:Wnt3
gene id: 10090:Wnt3
uniprot id: A2A649
uniprot id: P17553
uniprot id: Q3TQ59
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Wnt family.
messages: Detected at 6.25 to 7.5 dpc in primitive streak, proximal epiblast, visceral endoderm and at the junction between the embryonic and extraembryonic ectoderm, with higher levels in the posterior region (PubMed:10431240, PubMed:19841259). Detected in the ectoderm at forelimb buds at 9.5 dpc (PubMed:12569130). Detected in all outgrowing limbs and in ectoderm flanking the limbs at least till 11.5 dpc (PubMed:12569130). Highly expressed in embryos at 11.5 and 12.5 dpc, with very low expression levels before and after this period (PubMed:2162045).
messages: Detected at low levels in adult brain (PubMed:2162045). Dorsal portion of the neural tube, dorsal ectoderm, the branchial arches, and the limb buds.
messages: Forms a soluble 1:1 complex with AFM; this prevents oligomerization and is required for prolonged biological activity. The complex with AFM may represent the physiological form in body fluids (By similarity). Interacts with PORCN (PubMed:10866835). Interacts with WLS (PubMed:19841259).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Functions in the canonical Wnt signaling pathway that results in activation of transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family (By similarity). Required for normal gastrulation, formation of the primitive streak, and for the formation of the mesoderm during early embryogenesis (PubMed:10431240). Required for normal formation of the apical ectodermal ridge and for normal embryonic limb development (PubMed:12569130).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors.
messages: Palmitoleoylation is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Depalmitoleoylation leads to Wnt signaling pathway inhibition.
messages: Secreted
messages: Some mouse mammary tumors induced by mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) contain a provirus integrated into a host cell region which has been named Wnt3.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ift70b
gene id: 10090:Ift70b
uniprot id: B2RXA2
uniprot id: Q9CY00
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TTC30/dfy-1/fleer family.
messages: Interacts with the IFT B complex components IFT27, IFT46, IFT74, IFT52, IFT57, IFT80, IFT81 and IFT88 (PubMed:23810713). Interacts with KIF17 (PubMed:23810713).
messages: Required for polyglutamylation of axonemal tubulin. Plays a role in anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT), the process by which cilia precursors are transported from the base of the cilium to the site of their incorporation at the tip.
messages: cilium

10090:Ccr1l1
gene id: 10090:Ccr1l1
uniprot id: P51676
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the spleen, liver and leukocytes.
messages: Probable receptor for a C-C type chemokine.

10090:Mrps15
gene id: 10090:Mrps15
uniprot id: Q9DC71
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins (By similarity). Interacts with METTL17 (PubMed:31487196).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Nrg2
gene id: 10090:Nrg2
uniprot id: D3YZR2
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the neuregulin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Batf3
gene id: 10090:Batf3
uniprot id: Q9D275
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AP-1 family transcription factor that controls the differentiation of CD8(+) thymic conventional dendritic cells in the immune system. Acts via the formation of a heterodimer with JUN family proteins that recognizes and binds DNA sequence 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3' and regulates expression of target genes. Required for development of CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and related CD103(+) dendritic cells that cross-present antigens to CD8 T-cells and produce interleukin-12 (IL12) in response to pathogens.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with JUN family proteins. Interacts with JUN.
messages: Highly expressed in CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs), with low to absent expression in other immune cells and non-immune tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Selective loss of CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD103(+) dendritic cells, without abnormalities in other hematopoietic cell types or architecture. Dendritic cells are defective in cross-presentation, and mice lack virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses to West Nile virus. Mice also show reduced priming of CD8 T-cells after pulmonary Sendai virus infection, with increased pulmonary inflammation. Mice are extremely susceptible to T.gondii infection, with decreased production of interleukin-12 (IL12) and interferon-gamma. In contrast, mice are more resistant to L.monocytogenes infection.
messages: The increased protection toward L.monocytogenes infection in mice lacking Batf3 suggests that CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD103(+) dendritic cells are an entry point for infection by L.monocytogenes.

10090:Mesp2
gene id: 10090:Mesp2
uniprot id: O08574
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Degraded by the proteasome.
messages: Down-regulated in NOTCH1, DLL1, RBPJ and FOXC1/FOXC2 mutant mice. Expression in the anterior presomitic mesoderm is periodic, dissipating once the segmental border is established. Negatively regulated by RIPPLY2. Positively regulated by TBX6 and Notch signaling.
messages: First transiently detected in the nascent mesoderm at the onset of gastrulation. A second site of expression is detected at 8 dpc in the rostral region of the presomitic mesoderm inmediately before segmentation. Down-regulated immediately after the formation of the segmented somites before 13.5 dpc. Initially expressed throughout the length of one somite, and then quickly repressed in the presumptive caudal region. Mesp2 is involved in the rapid down-regulation of its own expression in the presumptive caudal half of the somite.
messages: Mice die shortly after birth and show caudal truncation and severe skeletal malformations. Lack of segmentation and impaired segment polarity of the paraxial mesoderm are the primary defects. Mutants show altered expression of MEOX1, Pax1, and DLL1 and lack of expression of Notch1, Notch2, and FGFR1. Mice lacking Mesp1 and Mesp2 die around 9.5 dpc. The major defect is the apparent lack of any mesodermal layer between endoderm and ectoderm and a defect in the migratory activity of mesodermal cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Transcription factor with important role in somitogenesis. Defines the rostrocaudal patterning of the somite by participating in distinct Notch pathways. Regulates also the FGF signaling pathway. Specifies the rostral half of the somites. Generates rostro-caudal polarity of somites by down-regulating in the presumptive rostral domain DLL1, a Notch ligand. Participates in the segment border formation by activating in the anterior presomitic mesoderm LFNG, a negative regulator of DLL1-Notch signaling. Acts as a strong suppressor of Notch activity. Together with MESP1 is involved in the epithelialization of somitic mesoderm and in the development of cardiac mesoderm. May play a role with Tcf15 in the differentiation of myotomal and sclerotomal cells by regulating Pax family genes. Controls also the expression of the protocadherin PCDH8/PAPC, EPHA4, RIPPLY2, NOTCH2, FGFR1, and CER1. Binds to the E-boxes within the EPH4A and RIPPLY2 enhancers.

10090:Trp53rkb
gene id: 10090:Trp53rkb
uniprot id: Q543M9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. BUD32 family.

10090:Pdk3
gene id: 10090:Pdk3
uniprot id: Q4FJR4
uniprot id: Q922H2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex subunit DLAT, and is part of the multimeric pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that contains multiple copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (DLAT, E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD, E3) (By similarity).
messages: Inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity by phosphorylation of the E1 subunit PDHA1, and thereby regulates glucose metabolism and aerobic respiration. Can also phosphorylate PDHA2. Decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism in response to prolonged fasting, and as adaptation to a high-fat diet. Plays a role in glucose homeostasis and in maintaining normal blood glucose levels in function of nutrient levels and under starvation. Plays a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Espn
gene id: 10090:Espn
uniprot id: Q9ET47
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Expressed at high concentration in the microvillar parallel actin bundle (PAB) of hair cells stereocilia in the cochlea and vestibular system. Detected also at high levels of a number of other sensory cell types, including taste receptor cells, solitary chemoreceptor cells, vomeronasal sensory neurons and Merkel cells. Isoforms 2, 3, 4 and 5 are expressed in Purkinje cells dendritic spines. Expressed in utricle hair bundles (at protein level) (PubMed:26926603).
messages: Jerker mice have a frameshift mutation that affect the espin C-terminus. This mutation cause deafness, vestibular dysfunction and hair cell degeneration.
messages: Monomer (Probable). Binds F-actin in a Ca(2+)-resistant fashion (PubMed:10588661). Interacts (via N-terminus) with BAIAP2 (via SH3-domain) (PubMed:12598619). Interacts with PFN2 (PubMed:15190118). Interacts with MYO3A (via C-terminus) (PubMed:26926603). Interacts with MYO3B (via C-terminus) (PubMed:26926603, PubMed:26785147).
messages: Multifunctional actin-bundling protein. Plays a major role in regulating the organization, dimension, dynamics and signaling capacities of the actin filament-rich microvilli in the mechanosensory and chemosensory cells (PubMed:14657236, PubMed:15190118). Required for the assembly and stabilization of the stereociliary parallel actin bundles. Plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of inner ear hair cell stereocilia (PubMed:21455486). Involved in the elongation of actin in stereocilia (PubMed:19287378, PubMed:22264607). In extrastriolar hair cells, required for targeting MYO3B to stereocilia tips, and for regulation of stereocilia diameter and staircase formation (PubMed:26926603).
messages: The WH2-domain binds actin monomer and mediates actin bundle assembly.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendritic spine
messages: microvillus
messages: stereocilium

10090:Ppil3
gene id: 10090:Ppil3
uniprot id: Q9D6L8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL3 subfamily.
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity).

10090:Map7d1
gene id: 10090:Map7d1
uniprot id: A2AJI0
uniprot id: A2AJI1
uniprot id: A8Y5P4
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MAP7 family.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it is derived from pre-RNA.
messages: spindle

10090:Cdc7
gene id: 10090:Cdc7
uniprot id: Q9Z0H0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC7 subfamily.
messages: Forms a complex with either DBF4/DBF4A or DBF4B, leading to the activation of the kinase activity. Interacts with CLASPIN (via the acidic patch); the interaction is required for phosphorylation of MCM proteins and CLASPIN.
messages: Kinase involved in initiation of DNA replication. Phosphorylates critical substrates that regulate the G1/S phase transition and initiation of DNA replication, such as MCM proteins and CLASPIN.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lactb
gene id: 10090:Lactb
uniprot id: B2RWI2
uniprot id: Q9EP89
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S12 family.
messages: Down-regulated in a number of cancer cells.
messages: Expressed predominantly in liver.
messages: Mitochondrial serine protease that acts as a regulator of mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). Acts by decreasing protein levels of PISD, a mitochondrial enzyme that converts phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), thereby affecting mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). It is unclear whether it acts directly by mediating proteolysis of PISD or by mediating proteolysis of another lipid metabolism protein (By similarity). Acts as a tumor suppressor that has the ability to inhibit proliferation of multiple types of cancer cells: probably by promoting decreased levels of PISD, thereby affecting mitochondrial lipid metabolism (PubMed:28329758).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Calcoco2
gene id: 10090:Calcoco2
uniprot id: A2A6M5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CALCOCO family.
messages: Dimer. Part of a complex consisting of CALCOCO2, TAX1BP1 and MYO6. Interacts with MYO6 (By similarity). Interacts with GEMIN4. Interacts with ATG8 family members MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, GABARAP, GABARAPL1 and GABARAPL2. Interacts with ATG8 family member MAP1LC3C. Interacts with LGALS8. Interacts with TOM1; the interaction is indirect and is mediated by MYO6, which acts as a bridge between TOM1 and CALCOCO2 (By similarity). Interacts with AZI2 (By similarity).
messages: Expression is limited to the pluripotent cells of the early embryo and the germline. Expressed in blastocysts, epiblasts and purified primordial germ cells.
messages: The CLIR (LC3C-interacting region) motif is required for interaction with MAP1LC3C, but dispensable for CALCOCO2-mediated autophagosome maturation.
messages: The LGALS8-binding domain is essential for the recruitment to cytosol-exposed infecting bacteria.
messages: The LIR-like motif is required for interaction with MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B and GABARAPL2, as well as for CALCOCO2-mediated autophagosome maturation.
messages: Xenophagy-specific receptor required for autophagy-mediated intracellular bacteria degradation (By similarity). Acts as an effector protein of galectin-sensed membrane damage that restricts the proliferation of infecting pathogens upon entry into the cytosol by targeting LGALS8-associated bacteria for autophagy (By similarity). Initially orchestrates bacteria targeting to autophagosomes and subsequently ensures pathogen degradation by regulating pathogen-containing autophagosome maturation (By similarity). Bacteria targeting to autophagosomes relies on its interaction with MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B and/or GABARAPL2, whereas regulation of pathogen-containing autophagosome maturation requires the interaction with MAP3LC3C (By similarity). May play a role in ruffle formation and actin cytoskeleton organization and seems to negatively regulate constitutive secretion (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cercam
gene id: 10090:Cercam
uniprot id: A3KGW5
uniprot id: B2RSF7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 25 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Probable cell adhesion protein involved in leukocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier. Does not express any beta-galactosyltransferase activity in vitro.

10090:Syt4
gene id: 10090:Syt4
uniprot id: P40749
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Expressed in many regions of the nervous system but is undetectable in extra neural tissues (PubMed:8058779).
messages: Interacts with KIF1A; the interaction increases in presence of calcium and decreases when SYT4 is phosphorylated at Ser-135.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-135 by MAPK8/JNK1 reduces interaction with KIF1A and neuronal dense core vesicles mobility.
messages: Synaptotagmin family member which does not bind Ca(2+) (By similarity). Involved in neuronal dense core vesicles (DCVs) mobility through its interaction with KIF1A. Upon increased neuronal activity, phosphorylation by MAPK8/JNK1 destabilizes the interaction with KIF1A and captures DCVs to synapses (PubMed:29166604). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: Synaptotagmin family member which does not bind Ca(2+). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: Unlike in other synaptotagmin family members, the first C2 domain/C2A does not bind Ca(2+) neither mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding. An aspartate-to-serine substitution in this domain inactivates Ca(2+)/phospho-lipid binding.
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle membrane

10090:Pitpnm2
gene id: 10090:Pitpnm2
uniprot id: Q6NS55
uniprot id: Q6ZPQ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PtdIns transfer protein family. PI transfer class IIA subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine between membranes (in vitro). Binds calcium ions (By similarity).
messages: Detected in retina and in the dentate gyrus of the cerebellum.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Interacts with CPNE4 (via VWFA domain) (PubMed:12522145). Interacts with PTK2B via its C-terminus (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Snrnp35
gene id: 10090:Snrnp35
uniprot id: Q9D384
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tcp10b
gene id: 10090:Tcp10b
uniprot id: E9PYJ0
uniprot id: Q8C5S9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCP10 family.

10090:Rfwd3
gene id: 10090:Rfwd3
uniprot id: Q8CIK8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required for the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL) in response to DNA damage. Plays a key role in RPA-mediated DNA damage signaling and repair. Acts by mediating ubiquitination of the RPA complex (RPA1, RPA2 and RPA3 subunits) and RAD51 at stalled replication forks, leading to remove them from DNA damage sites and promote homologous recombination. Also mediates the ubiquitination of p53/TP53 in the late response to DNA damage, and acts as a positive regulator of p53/TP53 stability, thereby regulating the G1/S DNA damage checkpoint. May act by catalyzing the formation of short polyubiquitin chains on p53/TP53 that are not targeted to the proteasome. In response to ionizing radiation, interacts with MDM2 and enhances p53/TP53 ubiquitination, possibly by restricting MDM2 from extending polyubiquitin chains on ubiquitinated p53/TP53.
messages: Interacts with MDM2 and p53/TP53. Binds to the RPA complex via direct interaction with RPA2. Interacts with RAD51.
messages: Mice are viable and do not show overt phenotypic abnormalities, although there is some evidence for increased embryonic lethality, earlier death, and subfertility, associated with testicular and ovarian atrophy in mutant. Mutant mice embryonic fibroblasts are hypersensitive to DNA cross-linking agents and show increased chromosomal breakage compared to controls.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-59 and Ser-75 upon DNA damage by ATM or ATR. ATM phosphorylation occurs at early times upon DNA damage, while ATR is the major kinase at later times. Phosphorylation by ATM and ATR is required to stabilize p53/TP53. Part of the phosphorylation depends upon RPA2 presence.
messages: The coiled coil domain may be involved in RPA2-binding.

10090:Prss21
gene id: 10090:Prss21
uniprot id: Q9JHJ7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Could regulate proteolytic events associated with testicular germ cell maturation.
messages: Expressed in post-meiotic testicular germ cells.
messages: Testis.

10090:Megf10
gene id: 10090:Megf10
uniprot id: Q6DIB5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MEGF family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in cerebellum (at protein level). Expressed in kidney, stellate cells of the cerebellum and macrophage cell lines.
messages: Expressed in embryo at 15 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in embryo at 8, 10, 11, 13, 14 and 15 dpc.
messages: Homomer (Probable). Interacts with GULP1 and ABCA1. Interacts with AP2M1. Does not interact with MEGF11 (By similarity). Binds with high affinity to complement C1q (By similarity). Interacts (via the cytoplasmic domain) with NOTCH1 (via NICD domain) (PubMed:28498977).
messages: Membrane receptor involved in phagocytosis by macrophages and astrocytes of apoptotic cells. Receptor for C1q, an eat-me signal, that binds phosphatidylserine expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells (PubMed:27170117). Cooperates with ABCA1 within the process of engulfment (By similarity). Promotes the formation of large intracellular vacuoles and may be responsible for the uptake of amyloid-beta peptides (PubMed:20828568). Necessary for astrocyte-dependent apoptotic neuron clearance in the developing cerebellum (PubMed:27170117). Plays a role in muscle cell proliferation, adhesion and motility. Is also an essential factor in the regulation of myogenesis. Controls the balance between skeletal muscle satellite cells proliferation and differentiation through regulation of the notch signaling pathway (PubMed:28498977, Ref.10). May also function in the mosaic spacing of specific neuron subtypes in the retina through homotypic retinal neuron repulsion. Mosaics provide a mechanism to distribute each cell type evenly across the retina, ensuring that all parts of the visual field have access to a full set of processing elements (PubMed:22407321).
messages: Mutants show at postnatal day 7 an increased amount of apoptotic cells in the developing cerebellum. However, adult brains do not show higher numbers of apoptotic cells in the cerebellum compared to wild-type. Astrocytes from knockout mice as well as heterozygous mice have a significant impairment in engulfment of apoptotic cells (PubMed:27170117). Reduced proliferation of primary myoblasts (Ref.10). Mutants have normal mobility and their skeletal muscles show mildly increased endomysial connective tissue. They display reduced motor activity after exercise and show slower muscle regeneration (PubMed:28498977). MEGF10 and DMD double knockout animals have pronounced fiber size variability and intracellular inclusions in the quadriceps femoris with extensive endomysial connective tissue infiltration. Mice develop muscle weakness, kyphosis and a waddling gait. At 2 months of age, they have reduced contractile force compared to wild-type mice. They display reduced motor activity after exercise and they walk shorter distances than wild-type. They have a delayed regeneration after muscle injury and an aberrant muscle fber typing and cross-sectional areas (PubMed:28498977).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Phosphorylation at Tyr-1030 may be important for muscle cell proliferation.
messages: The EMI and EGF-like domains work in concert to promote self-assembly.
messages: Ubiquitinated; mono- and polyubiquitinated forms are detected.
messages: phagocytic cup

10090:Ppp4r3b
gene id: 10090:Ppp4r3b
uniprot id: Q922R5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SMEK family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4). May regulate the activity of PPP4C at centrosomal microtubule organizing centers (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits. Component of the PP4 complex PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3B.
messages: centrosome

10090:Lce1b
gene id: 10090:Lce1b
uniprot id: Q9D149
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:Gimap1
gene id: 10090:Gimap1
uniprot id: Q3TFI6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.

10090:Cptp
gene id: 10090:Cptp
uniprot id: Q8BS40
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GLTP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Mediates the intracellular transfer of ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) between organelle membranes and the cell membrane. Required for normal structure of the Golgi stacks. Can bind phosphoceramides with a variety of aliphatic chains, but has a preference for lipids with saturated C16:0 or monounsaturated C18:1 aliphatic chains, and is inefficient with phosphoceramides containing lignoceryl (C24:0). Plays a role in the regulation of the cellular levels of ceramide-1-phosphate, and thereby contributes to the regulation of phospholipase PLA2G4A activity and the release of arachidonic acid. Has no activity with galactosylceramide, lactosylceramide, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidic acid and ceramide. C1P transfer is stimulated by phosphatidylserine in C1P source vesicles (By similarity). Regulates autophagy, inflammasome mediated IL1B and IL18 processing, and pyroptosis, but not apoptosis (PubMed:29164996).
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: cytosol
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ugt1a7c
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a7c
uniprot id: Q6ZQM8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer. Homooligomer. Interacts with UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A8, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10 to form heterodimers.
messages: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile. Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogen hormone epiestradiol. Also catalyzes the glucuronidation of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, which are phytoestrogens with anticancer and cardiovascular properties. Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist caderastan, a drug which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II. Involved in the biotransformation of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), the pharmacologically active metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels detected in colon and kidney.

10090:Dusp11
gene id: 10090:Dusp11
uniprot id: Q6NXK5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
messages: Monomer. May interact with SFRS7 and SFRS9/SRP30C.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Possesses RNA 5'-triphosphatase and diphosphatase activities, but displays a poor protein-tyrosine phosphatase activity. In addition, has phosphatase activity with ATP, ADP and O-methylfluorescein phosphate (in vitro). Binds to RNA. May participate in nuclear mRNA metabolism.

10090:Lrig2
gene id: 10090:Lrig2
uniprot id: Q52KR2
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be due to a competing acceptor splice site.

10090:Slc30a6
gene id: 10090:Slc30a6
uniprot id: J3QMX8
uniprot id: Q8BJM5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily.
messages: Expressed in brain and liver, and to a lower extent also in lung. Highly expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: Has probably no intrinsic transporter activity but together with SLC30A5 forms a functional zinc ion:proton antiporter heterodimer, mediating zinc entry into the lumen of organelles along the secretory pathway (Probable). As part of that zinc ion:proton antiporter, contributes to zinc ion homeostasis within the early secretory pathway and regulates the activation and folding of enzymes like alkaline phosphatases and enzymes involved in phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer with SLC30A5; form a functional zinc ion transmembrane transporter.
messages: Hydrophilic histidine residues that participate to zinc binding in transporters of the family are not conserved in SLC30A6.
messages: Membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ttll13
gene id: 10090:Ttll13
uniprot id: A4Q9F6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Gln-208 is the main determinant for regioselectivity, which segregates between initiases and elongases in all tubulin--tyrosine ligase family. A glutamine residue at this position is found in elongases TTLL6, TTLL9, TTLL11, TTLL13, TTLL10 and favors glutamate-chain elongation, whereas an arginine residue is found in initiases TTLL2, TTLL4, TTLL5, TTLL3, TTLL8 and favors initiation.
messages: Highly expressed in heart and testis (PubMed:17499049). Expressed in brain, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and trachea (PubMed:17499049). In the brain, expressed in ependymal cilia, cortex, corpus callosum and striatum (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Polyglutamylase which modifies tubulin, generating polyglutamate side chains of variable lengths on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of tubulin (PubMed:17499049). Mediates ATP-dependent polyglutamate side-chain elongation of the polyglutamylation reaction but not the initiation step (PubMed:17499049). Preferentially modifies the alpha-tubulin tail over a beta-tail (PubMed:17499049).
messages: The flexible c-MTBD (cationic microtubule binding domain) region mediates binding to microtubules. It is positively charged and becomes ordered when bound to microtubules: it interacts with a negatively charged patch on tubulin. The presence of positive charges in the c-MTBD region is essential for proper binding.

10090:Arl6ip6
gene id: 10090:Arl6ip6
uniprot id: Q8BH07
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ARL6IP6 family.
messages: Contaminating sequence.
messages: Nucleus inner membrane

10090:Adcy1
gene id: 10090:Adcy1
uniprot id: O88444
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by calcium/calmodulin (PubMed:9662407). Activated by forskolin. Activated by the G protein alpha subunit GNAS. Inhibited by the G protein beta and gamma subunit complex. Inhibited by the ATP analogs adenosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-deoxy-3'-AMP.
messages: Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. Is also active with manganese (in vitro).
messages: Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP in response to G-protein signaling. Mediates responses to increased cellular Ca(2+)/calmodulin levels (PubMed:9662407, PubMed:7816821). May be involved in regulatory processes in the central nervous system (PubMed:9662407). May play a role in memory and learning (PubMed:7816821). Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of daytime contrast sensitivity probably by modulating the rhythmic synthesis of cyclic AMP in the retina (PubMed:24048828).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed throughout inner ear development.
messages: Expression in the retina oscillates in a circadian manner.
messages: Interacts with CALM.
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice appear grossly normal and healthy, but have decreased levels of calmodulin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase activity in the brain (PubMed:7816821). They show impaired spatial memory (PubMed:7816821). Mice show a significant reduction in daytime contrast sensitivity (PubMed:24048828).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The protein contains two modules with six transmembrane helices each; both are required for catalytic activity. Isolated N-terminal or C-terminal modules have no catalytic activity, but when they are brought together, enzyme activity is restored. The active site is at the interface of the two modules.

10090:Dusp2
gene id: 10090:Dusp2
uniprot id: Q05922
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
messages: By mitogens.
messages: Dephosphorylates both phosphorylated Thr and Tyr residues in MAPK1, and dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine is slightly faster than that of phosphothreonine (PubMed:16288922). Can dephosphorylate MAPK1 (PubMed:16288922).
messages: In hematopoietic tissues such as spleen and thymus.
messages: Interacts with MAPK14; this interaction does not lead to catalytic activation of DUSP2 and dephosphrylation of MAPK14.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sugt1
gene id: 10090:Sugt1
uniprot id: Q9CX34
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SGT1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-252 and Ser-302, dephosphorylation promotes nuclear translocation, most likely due to disruption of the SUGT1-HSP90 complex.
messages: Probably associates with SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) complex through interaction with SKP1. Interacts with S100A6. Interacts with HSP90 (By similarity).
messages: The CS domain mediates interaction with HSP90.

10090:Serpina9
gene id: 10090:Serpina9
uniprot id: Q9D7D2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Efhd1
gene id: 10090:Efhd1
uniprot id: Q9D4J1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a calcium sensor for mitochondrial flash (mitoflash) activation, an event characterized by stochastic bursts of superoxide production (By similarity). May play a role in neuronal differentiation (PubMed:16336229).
messages: In the cerebral cortex, at birth, confined in the Purkinje cell layer (PCL) and in cerebellar nuclei. Not detected in the external germinal layer (EGL). At P5 and P10, predominantly found in the PCL and internal germinal layer (IGL). Not detected in the EGL. At P10 and P20, up-regulated. At P20, expression similar to that of the adult cerebellum.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:16336229). Highest expression in testis, followed by ovary, kidney, cerebrum, cerebellum, heart, liver, and spleen (PubMed:12270117). In the cerebrum and cerebellum, undetectable at embryonic stages, expression increases after birth up to adult stage (PubMed:12270117). In adult CNS, detected in neurons of the cerebellum, cerebrum and hippocampus formation, including dentate gyrus and Cornu Ammonis, but not in the white matter (PubMed:12270117). In the testis, expressed in spermatocytes, but not in spermatogonia nor in interstitial cells (PubMed:12270117). In ovary, found predominantly in mural granulosa cells and those of the cumulus oophorus (PubMed:12270117). In kidney, expressed in collecting ducts, but not in glomeruli (PubMed:12270117). Not detected in skeletal muscle (PubMed:12270117).

10090:Bud23
gene id: 10090:Bud23
uniprot id: Q148S9
uniprot id: Q9CY21
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. BUD23/WBSCR22 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with TRMT112; this heterodimerization is necessary for the metabolic stability and activity of the catalytic subunit BUD23. Interacts with GRIP1.
messages: May be ubiquitinated and targeted to degradation in response to pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling.
messages: Nucleus
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that specifically methylates the N(7) position of a guanine in 18S rRNA. Requires the methyltransferase adapter protein TRM112 for full rRNA methyltransferase activity. Involved in the pre-rRNA processing steps leading to small-subunit rRNA production independently of its RNA-modifying catalytic activity. Important for biogenesis end export of the 40S ribosomal subunit independent on its methyltransferase activity. Locus-specific steroid receptor coactivator. Potentiates transactivation by glucocorticoid (NR3C1), mineralocorticoid (NR3C2), androgen (AR) and progesterone (PGR) receptors. Required for the maintenance of open chromatin at the TSC22D3/GILZ locus to facilitate NR3C1 loading on the response elements. Required for maintenance of dimethylation on histone H3 'Lys-79' (H3K79me2), although direct histone methyltransferase activity is not observed in vitro.
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: perinuclear region

10090:C5ar1
gene id: 10090:C5ar1
uniprot id: P30993
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Homodimer. May also form higher-order oligomers. Interacts (when phosphorylated) with ARRB1 and ARRB2; the interaction is associated with internalization of C5aR.
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues in response to C5a binding, resulting in internalization of the receptor and short-term desensitization to C5a.
messages: Receptor for the chemotactic and inflammatory peptide anaphylatoxin C5a. The ligand interacts with at least two sites on the receptor: a high-affinity site on the extracellular N-terminus, and a second site in the transmembrane region which activates downstream signaling events. Receptor activation stimulates chemotaxis, granule enzyme release, intracellular calcium release and superoxide anion production.
messages: Sulfation plays a critical role in the association of C5aR with C5a, but no significant role in the ability of the receptor to transduce a signal and mobilize calcium in response to a small peptide agonist.

10090:Ttll2
gene id: 10090:Ttll2
uniprot id: A4Q9E4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arg-175 is the main determinant for regioselectivity, which segregates between initiases and elongases in all tubulin--tyrosine ligase family. A glutamine residue at this position is found in elongases TTLL6, TTLL9, TTLL11, TTLL13, TTLL10 and favors glutamate-chain elongation, whereas an arginine residue is found in initiases TTLL2, TTLL4, TTLL5, TTLL3, TTLL8 and favors initiation.
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, kidney, liver and testis (PubMed:17499049). Expressed in heart, lung, muscle and spleen (PubMed:17499049).
messages: Probable tubulin polyglutamylase that generates side chains of glutamate on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of target proteins (PubMed:17499049). Similar to TTLL1, may acquire enzymatic activity only in complex with other proteins as it is most likely lacking domains important for autonomous activity (By similarity). Probably involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction rather than the elongation step (Probable).

10090:Ctsr
gene id: 10090:Ctsr
uniprot id: Q497X4
uniprot id: Q9JIA9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Expressed in adult but not in embryo.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Placenta.

10090:Spata21
gene id: 10090:Spata21
uniprot id: Q8BHW6
names: Function
messages: Involved in the differentiation of haploid spermatids.

10090:Tmem120b
gene id: 10090:Tmem120b
uniprot id: Q3TA38
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM120 family.
messages: Expressed in inguinal and subcutaneous white adipose tissue and in brown adipose tissue.
messages: Heterooligomer with TMEM120A.
messages: Necessary for efficient adipogenesis (PubMed:26024229). Does not show ion channel activity (PubMed:32084332).
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation.

10090:Gpr21
gene id: 10090:Gpr21
uniprot id: Q8BX79
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Vasp
gene id: 10090:Vasp
uniprot id: P70460
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Ena/VASP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance, lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics, platelet activation and cell migration. VASP promotes actin filament elongation. It protects the barbed end of growing actin filaments against capping and increases the rate of actin polymerization in the presence of capping protein. VASP stimulates actin filament elongation by promoting the transfer of profilin-bound actin monomers onto the barbed end of growing actin filaments. Plays a role in actin-based mobility of Listeria monocytogenes in host cells. Regulates actin dynamics in platelets and plays an important role in regulating platelet aggregation (By similarity).
messages: Expressed constantly throughout brain development, with lower levels in adulthood.
messages: Highly expressed in thymus and spleen. Lower levels in lung, ovary, placenta and fat.
messages: Homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts with PFN1, PFN2, LPP, ACTN1 and ACTG1. Interacts, via the EVH1 domain, with the Pro-rich regions of ZYX. This interaction is important for targeting to focal adhesions and the formation of actin-rich structures at the apical surface of cells. Interacts, via the EVH1 domain, with the Pro-rich domain of Listeria monocytogenes actA. Interacts with APBB1IP. Interacts, via the Pro-rich domain, with the C-terminal SH3 domain of DNMBP. Interacts weakly with MEFV (By similarity).
messages: Major substrate for cAMP-dependent (PKA) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) in platelets. The preferred site for PKA is Ser-153, the preferred site for PKG, Ser-235. In ADP-activated platelets, phosphorylation by PKA or PKG/PRKG1 on Ser-153 leads to fibrinogen receptor inhibition. Phosphorylation on Thr-274 requires prior phosphorylation on Ser-153 and Ser-235. In response to phorbol ester (PMA) stimulation, phosphorylated by PKC/PRKCA. In response to thrombin, phosphorylated by both PKC and ROCK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-274 by AMPK does not require prior phosphorylation at Ser-153 or Ser-235. Phosphorylation at Ser-153 by PKA is required for localization to the tight junctions in epithelial cells. Phosphorylation modulates F-actin binding, actin filament elongation and platelet activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-318 by AMPK also alters actin filament binding. Carbon monoxide (CO) promotes phosphorylation at Ser-153, while nitric oxide (NO) promotes phosphorylation at Ser-153, but also at Ser-235.
messages: The EVH2 domain is comprised of 3 regions. Block A is a thymosin-like domain required for G-actin binding. The KLKR motif within this block is essential for the G-actin binding and for actin polymerization. Block B is required for F-actin binding and subcellular location, and Block C for tetramerization.
messages: The WH1 domain mediates interaction with XIRP1.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium membrane
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: tight junction

10090:Slc2a12
gene id: 10090:Slc2a12
uniprot id: B2RRB2
uniprot id: Q8BFW9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, brain, kidney, spleen, adipose tissues and to a lesser extent in small intestine and lung.
messages: Expression is clearly detected in ovulated oocytes and 2-cells embryos but decline day 3 morulae. Remains at very low levels between 2 dpc and 11 dpc.
messages: Insulin-independent facilitative glucose transporter.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ankrd2
gene id: 10090:Ankrd2
uniprot id: Q9WV06
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at 9.5 dpc, with a pattern of expression that shows restricted localization to the myotome of somites. By 13.5 dpc, expression is observed within intercostal and back muscles. At 14.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc, expression is observed in tail myotomal muscles, and in intervertebral and back muscles. Hybridization was also detected within limb muscles. This pattern of expression was maintained at least up until 17.5 dpc. No localization within the heart.
messages: Expressed by myoblasts (at protein level). Expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles.
messages: Functions as a negative regulator of myocyte differentiation. May interact with both sarcoplasmic structural proteins and nuclear proteins to regulate gene expression during muscle development and in response to muscle stress.
messages: I band
messages: Interacts with ID3; both proteins cooperate in myoblast differentiation. Interacts with TTN/titin (By similarity). Interacts (via ANK repeats) with TCAP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with TJP1 (via PDZ domains) (By similarity). Interacts with PML; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with YBX1 (By similarity). Interacts with AKT2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-68 by PKB/AKT2 in response to oxidative stress induces translocation to the nucleus and negatively regulates myoblast differentiation.
messages: Up-regulated in response to mechanical stretch of skeletal muscle (hypertrophy mechanically-induced).
messages: cytosol

10090:Cyp2d10
gene id: 10090:Cyp2d10
uniprot id: P24456
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: P450 can be induced to high levels in liver and other tissues by various foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens.

10090:Bclaf3
gene id: 10090:Bclaf3
uniprot id: A2AG58
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BCLAF1/THRAP3 family.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Mob1b
gene id: 10090:Mob1b
uniprot id: Q8BPB0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activator of LATS1/2 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. Stimulates the kinase activity of STK38L (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MOB1/phocein family.
messages: Binds STK38L. Interacts with LATS1 and LATS2 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 and this phosphorylation enhances its binding to LATS1.

10090:Vmn1r43
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r43
uniprot id: Q8VIC9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Map1a
gene id: 10090:Map1a
uniprot id: Q9QYR6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 3 different light chains, LC1, LC2 and LC3, can associate with MAP1A and MAP1B proteins. Interacts with guanylate kinase-like domain of DLG1, DLG2 and DLG4. Binds to CSNK1D (By similarity). Interacts with TIAM2. MAP1 light chain LC2: Interacts with ELAVL4 (PubMed:21288476).
messages: Belongs to the MAP1 family.
messages: Both isoforms highly expressed in brain, and to a lesser extent in embryo. Isoform 1 is also expressed at a low level in other tissues including heart and muscle.
messages: LC2 is generated from MAP1A by proteolytic processing. It is free to associate with both MAP1A and MAP1B (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by CSNK1D.
messages: Structural protein involved in the filamentous cross-bridging between microtubules and other skeletal elements.
messages: The basic region containing the repeats may be responsible for the binding of MAP1A to microtubules.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Carm1
gene id: 10090:Carm1
uniprot id: Q9WVG6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 9 dpc, expression is prominent in the neural tube and somites.
messages: Auto-methylated on Arg-551. Methylation enhances transcription coactivator activity. Methylation is required for its role in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing.
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17882261, PubMed:19897492). Interacts with NR1H4 (By similarity). Interacts with SNRPC (By similarity). Interacts with the C-terminus of NCOA2/GRIP1, NCO3/ACTR and NCOA1/SRC1 (PubMed:10381882). Part of a complex consisting of CARM1, EP300/P300 and NCOA2/GRIP1 (PubMed:11997499). Interacts with FLII, TP53, myogenic factor MEF2, EP300/P300, TRIM24, CREBBP and CTNNB1 (PubMed:14966289, PubMed:15186775, PubMed:11713257, PubMed:16322096, PubMed:11997499, PubMed:11701890, PubMed:11983685, PubMed:19843527). Interacts with RELA (PubMed:15616592). Identified in a complex containing CARM1, TRIM24 and NCOA2/GRIP1 (PubMed:16322096). Interacts with NCOA3/SRC3 (PubMed:19843527). Interacts with SKP2 (PubMed:30366907). Interacts (via PH domain-like fold) with C9orf72 (PubMed:30366907). Interacts with PARP1; promoting PARP1 recruimtent to replication forks (By similarity).
messages: Methylates (mono- and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues in several proteins involved in DNA packaging, transcription regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, and mRNA stability (PubMed:10381882, PubMed:21138967, PubMed:11341840, PubMed:11997499, PubMed:19897492, PubMed:14966289, PubMed:17218272). Recruited to promoters upon gene activation together with histone acetyltransferases from EP300/P300 and p160 families, methylates histone H3 at 'Arg-17' (H3R17me), forming mainly asymmetric dimethylarginine (H3R17me2a), leading to activates transcription via chromatin remodeling (PubMed:10381882, PubMed:11747826, PubMed:12498683, PubMed:11751582, PubMed:11341840, PubMed:11997499, PubMed:15339660, PubMed:15616592). During nuclear hormone receptor activation and TCF7L2/TCF4 activation, acts synergically with EP300/P300 and either one of the p160 histone acetyltransferases NCOA1/SRC1, NCOA2/GRIP1 and NCOA3/ACTR or CTNNB1/beta-catenin to activate transcription (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:16322096, PubMed:17882261, PubMed:19843527). During myogenic transcriptional activation, acts together with NCOA3/ACTR as a coactivator for MEF2C (PubMed:11713257). During monocyte inflammatory stimulation, acts together with EP300/P300 as a coactivator for NF-kappa-B (PubMed:11983685). Acts as coactivator for PPARG, promotes adipocyte differentiation and the accumulation of brown fat tissue (PubMed:18188184). Plays a role in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing by methylation of splicing factors (PubMed:21138967). Also seems to be involved in p53/TP53 transcriptional activation (PubMed:15186775). Methylates EP300/P300, both at 'Arg-2142', which may loosen its interaction with NCOA2/GRIP1, and at 'Arg-580' and 'Arg-604' in the KIX domain, which impairs its interaction with CREB and inhibits CREB-dependent transcriptional activation (PubMed:11701890). Also methylates arginine residues in RNA-binding proteins PABPC1, ELAVL1 and ELAV4, which may affect their mRNA…
messages: Methylation of H3R17 (H3R17me) by CARM1 is stimulated by preacetylation of H3 'Lys-18' (H3K18ac) H3 'Lys-23' (H3K23ac) by EP300 and blocked by citrullination of H3 'Arg-17' (H3R17ci) by PADI4.
messages: Neonatal lethality. The lungs of neonates do not inflate and they do not breathe. The same neonate lethality is observed with mutants that produce CARM1 protein without enzyme activity. Embryos are distinctly smaller at 18.5 dpc. They show reduced lipid accumulation in brown adipose tissue and reduced amounts of brown adipose tissue. Thymocyte differentiation is blocked at an early stage. Mutants display complete loss of protein methylation of the CARM1 substrates PABPC1 and EP300/P300.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-217 is strongly increased during mitosis, and decreases rapidly to a very low, basal level after entry into the G1 phase of the cell cycle (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-217 interferes with S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding and strongly reduces methyltransferase activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-217 may promote cytosolic location (PubMed:19843527).
messages: Ubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing FBXO9 at Lys-228; leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Within the brain, present in proliferating cells from lateral ventricular zone and dentate gyrus (at protein level).

10090:Cacna2d1
gene id: 10090:Cacna2d1
uniprot id: A0A411ACY8
uniprot id: O08532
uniprot id: Q14BH8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta family.
messages: Binds gabapentin, an antiepileptic drug.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dimer formed of alpha-2-1 and delta-1 chains; disulfide-linked. Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes, consisting of alpha-1 (CACNA1), alpha-2 (CACNA2D), beta (CACNB) and delta (CACNA2D) subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 2A is expressed in skeletal muscle and aorta. Isoform 2B is expressed in brain. Isoform 2C is expressed in heart. Isoform 2D is expressed in heart and smooth muscle. Isoform 2E is expressed in smooth muscle. All five isoforms are expressed in the cardiovascular system.
messages: Membrane
messages: Proteolytically processed into subunits alpha-2-1 and delta-1 that are disulfide-linked.
messages: The MIDAS-like motif in the VWFA domain binds divalent metal cations and is required to promote trafficking of the alpha-1 (CACNA1) subunit to the plasma membrane by an integrin-like switch.
messages: The alpha-2/delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation/inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling (By similarity).

10090:Flg2
gene id: 10090:Flg2
uniprot id: Q2VIS4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the S100-fused protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Deiminated by PADI1, PADI2 or PADI3 in vitro. The deiminated form is degraded by calpain-1/CAPN1 more quickly and into shorter peptides than the intact protein.
messages: Essential for normal cell-cell adhesion in the cornified cell layers. Important for proper integrity and mechanical strength of the stratum corneum of the epidermis.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: May be processed by calpain-1/CAPN1.

10090:Vmn1r58
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r58
uniprot id: G3X9U3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Chst3
gene id: 10090:Chst3
uniprot id: O88199
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. Gal/GlcNAc/GalNAc subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mice are viable through adulthood. In their spleen the level of chondroitin 6'-sulfate is almost undetectable. In the spleen of 5-6 week-old mice, the number of CD62L(+)CD44(low) T-lymphocytes corresponding to naive T-lymphocytes is significantly decreased, whereas those in other secondary lymphoid organs are unchanged.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the transfer of sulfate to position 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin (PubMed:9597547, PubMed:11696535). Chondroitin sulfate constitutes the predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage and is distributed on the surfaces of many cells and extracellular matrices (PubMed:9597547). Catalyzes with a lower efficiency the sulfation of Gal residues of keratan sulfate, another glycosaminoglycan (PubMed:11696535). Can also catalyze the sulfation of the Gal residues in sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (sialyl LacNAc) oligosaccharides (By similarity). May play a role in the maintenance of naive T-lymphocytes in the spleen (PubMed:11696535).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in spleen, lung, eye and stomach. Constitutively expressed at low level during the mid- to late-gestation period. Expressed in the brain in a temporally controlled manner: peaks at 2 weeks after birth in the cerebellum, but at 3 weeks in the cerebrum. Localizes to stromal cells in the bone marrow, and stromal cells in the marginal zone and red pulp of the spleen, but the sense probe did not.

10090:Eef2kmt
gene id: 10090:Eef2kmt
uniprot id: Q3UZW7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EEF2KMT family.
messages: Catalyzes the trimethylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (EEF2) on 'Lys-525'.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FAM86B2 and FAM86C1P.

10090:Gm7592
gene id: 10090:Gm7592
uniprot id: A0A668KLT6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnaset2a
gene id: 10090:Rnaset2a
uniprot id: C0HKG5
uniprot id: C0HKG6
uniprot id: Q5FWA0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RNase T2 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Inhibited by Zn(2+) and Cu(2+).
messages: Lysosome lumen
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Ribonuclease that plays an essential role in innate immune response by recognizing and degrading RNAs from microbial pathogens that are subsequently sensed by TLR8. Cleaves preferentially single-stranded RNA molecules between purine and uridine residues, which critically contributes to the supply of catabolic uridine and the generation of purine-2',3'-cyclophosphate-terminated oligoribonucleotides. In turn, RNase T2 degradation products promote the RNA-dependent activation of TLR8. Also plays a key role in degradation of mitochondrial RNA and processing of non-coding RNA imported from the cytosol into mitochondria. Participates as well in degradation of mitochondrion-associated cytosolic rRNAs.
messages: Secreted

10090:Setd5
gene id: 10090:Setd5
uniprot id: Q5XJV7
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to a report, lacks histone methyltransferase activity and regulates chromatin by interacting with HDAC3 and PAF1 complex (PAF1C) complex (PubMed:30455454). According to another publication, displays histone methyltransferase activity and directly trimethylates 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3) (PubMed:31515109).
messages: Chromatin regulator required for brain development: acts as a regulator of RNA elongation rate, thereby regulating neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and synaptic transmission (PubMed:30455454, PubMed:31515109). May act by mediating trimethylation of 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3), which is essential to allow on-time RNA elongation dynamics (PubMed:31515109). Also monomethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1) in vitro (PubMed:22939622). The relevance of histone methyltransferase activity is however subject to discussion (PubMed:27864380, PubMed:30455454).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with components of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) such as LEO1, CTR9 and CDC73 (PubMed:27864380). Interacts with NCOR1 (PubMed:27864380). Interacts with HDAC3 (PubMed:30455454).
messages: Mid-gestation lethality due to severe developmental delay such as vascular abnormalities in the embryo and placenta, reduced cellular proliferation and increased apoptosis (PubMed:27864380). Defects are probably due to a widespread impairment in the regulation of gene expression (PubMed:27864380). Setd5-haploinsufficient mice display altered neuronal network connectivity leading to autistic-like behaviors (PubMed:30655503, PubMed:30455454, PubMed:31515109). Haploinsufficient Setd5 cortical neurons show reduced synaptic density and neuritic outgrowtho, with corresponding decreases in network activity and synchrony by electrophysiology (PubMed:30655503). Haploinsufficient mice display several autism-like behaviors, including hyperactivity, cognitive deficit, and altered social interactions (PubMed:30455454, PubMed:31515109, PubMed:30655503).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Ankrd13d
gene id: 10090:Ankrd13d
uniprot id: Q6PD24
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with EGFR (ubiquitinated); the interaction is direct and may regulate EGFR internalization.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Ubiquitin-binding protein that specifically recognizes and binds 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin. Does not bind 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin. Positively regulates the internalization of ligand-activated EGFR by binding to the Ub moiety of ubiquitinated EGFR at the cell membrane (By similarity).

10090:Trpv5
gene id: 10090:Trpv5
uniprot id: P69744
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by WNK3.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Constitutively active calcium selective cation channel thought to be involved in Ca(2+) reabsorption in kidney and intestine (PubMed:12077127, PubMed:14679186). Required for normal Ca(2+) reabsorption in the kidney distal convoluted tubules (PubMed:14679186). The channel is activated by low internal calcium level and the current exhibits an inward rectification. A Ca(2+)-dependent feedback regulation includes fast channel inactivation and slow current decay (PubMed:12077127). Heteromeric assembly with TRPV6 seems to modify channel properties. TRPV5-TRPV6 heteromultimeric concatemers exhibit voltage-dependent gating (By similarity).
messages: Detected in kidney cortex (at protein level).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homotetramer and probably heterotetramer with TRPV6. Interacts with TRPV6 (PubMed:12574114). Interacts with S100A10 and probably with the ANAX2-S100A10 heterotetramer. The interaction with S100A10 is required for the trafficking to the plasma membrane (PubMed:12660155). Interacts with calmodulin (PubMed:15123711). Interacts with BSPRY, which results in its inactivation (PubMed:16380433).
messages: Mutant mice appear grossly normal and are fertile. They display polyuria and increased urinary excretion of Ca(2+), due to defective Ca(2+) reabsorption in the kidney distal convoluted tubules. Likewise, they display increased urinary excretion of phosphate. Besides, their urine has a lower pH. The polyuria and the urine acidification may be a response to the high urinary Ca(2+) levels, preventing the formation of kidney stones (PubMed:14679186). Serum Ca(2+) and phosphate levels are normal, probably due to increased expression of TRPV6 and increased Ca(2+) absorption in the intestine. The increased expression of TRPV6 may be due to the increased serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 that are observed in mutant mice (PubMed:14679186, PubMed:27102152). Age-related changes in trabecular and cortical bone mass are accelerated in male mutant mice, including reduced trabecular and cortical bone thickness. Still, this has no effect on bone strength (PubMed:27102152).

10090:Rock2
gene id: 10090:Rock2
uniprot id: F8VPK5
uniprot id: P70336
uniprot id: Q3TR46
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by RHOA binding. Inhibited by Y-27632 (By similarity).
messages: Activated by RHOA binding. Inhibited by Y-27632.
messages: An interaction between Thr-414 and Asp-48 is essential for kinase activity and dimerization.
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Tyr-722 reduces its binding to RHOA and is crucial for focal adhesion dynamics. Dephosphorylation by PTPN11 stimulates its RHOA binding activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaved by granzyme B during apoptosis. This leads to constitutive activation of the kinase and membrane blebbing.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression oscillates in a circadian manner in the aorta.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, heart, lung, liver, stomach, spleen, kidney, testis, muscle, embryo and placenta. Isoform 2 is expressed predominantly in the skeletal muscle.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with IRS1. Interacts with RAF1 (By similarity). Interacts with RHOA (activated by GTP), RHOB and RHOC (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R12A (By similarity). Interacts with EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with CHORDC1 (By similarity). Interacts with BRCA2 (By similarity). Interacts with NPM1; this interaction enhances ROCK2 activity (By similarity). Interacts with SORL1 (By similarity). Interacts with PJVK (PubMed:28089576).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice exhibit both EOB (eyes open at birth) and omphalocele phenotypes as a result of disorganization of actomyosin cables in the eyelid epithelium and defective actin assembly in the umbilical ring. Mice are impaired in both basal synaptic transmission and hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). Embryos manifest extensive thrombus formation in the placenta, resulting in placental dysfunction, intrauterine growth retardation, and fetal death.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity.
messages: Protein kinase which is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton and cell polarity. Involved in regulation of smooth muscle contraction, actin cytoskeleton organization, stress fiber and focal adhesion formation, neurite retraction, cell adhesion and motility via phosphorylation of ADD1, BRCA2, CNN1, EZR, DPYSL2, EP300, MSN, MYL9/MLC2, NPM1, RDX, PPP1R12A and VIM. Phosphorylates SORL1 and IRF4. Acts as a negative regulator of VEGF-induced angiogenic endothelial cell activation. Positively regulates the activation of p42/MAPK1-p44/MAPK3 and of p90RSK/RPS6KA1 during myogenic differentiation. Plays an important role in the timely initiation of centrosome duplication. Inhibits keratinocyte terminal differentiation. May regulate closure of the eyelids and ventral body wall through organization of actomyosin bundles. Plays a critical role in the regulation of spine and synaptic properties in the hippocampus. Plays a role in placental homeostasis during the perinatal period. Plays an important role in generating the circadian rhythm of the aortic myofilament Ca(2+) sensitivity and vascular contractility by modulating the myosin light chain phosphorylation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Atp5md
gene id: 10090:Atp5md
uniprot id: Q78IK2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the ATP synthase complex/complex V which is composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity). The ATP synthase complex/complex V exists as a monomeric and a dimeric supercomplex that helps shape mitochondrial cristae to optimize proton flow (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. ATP5MK is a minor subunit of the mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase required for dimerization of the ATP synthase complex and as such regulates ATP synthesis in the mitochondria.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Sec31a
gene id: 10090:Sec31a
uniprot id: Q3UPL0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC31 family.
messages: COPII is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex and SAR1. SEC13 and SEC31 make a 2:2 tetramer that forms the edge element of the COPII outer coat. The tetramer self-assembles in multiple copies to form the complete polyhedral cage. Interacts (via WD 8) with SEC13 (By similarity). Interacts with PDCD6; interaction takes place in response to cytosolic calcium increase and leads to bridge together the BCR(KLHL12) complex and SEC31A, leading to monoubiquitination. Interacts with KLHL12 (By similarity).
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (By similarity). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Monoubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL12) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, leading to regulate the size of COPII coats.
messages: The ALG-2-binding site motif-2 (ABS-2) contains a PXPGF sequence that binds hydrophobic pocket 3 of PDCD6.

10090:Btaf1
gene id: 10090:Btaf1
uniprot id: E9QAE3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nr1i3
gene id: 10090:Nr1i3
uniprot id: O35627
uniprot id: Q5FW96
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Binds and transactivates the retinoic acid response elements that control expression of the retinoic acid receptor beta 2 and alcohol dehydrogenase 3 genes. Transactivates both the phenobarbital responsive element module of the human CYP2B6 gene and the CYP3A4 xenobiotic response element (By similarity).
messages: Composed by a short N-terminal domain followed by the DNA binding, hinge, and ligand binding/dimerization domains.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Does not seem to act as a transactivator. Lacks the C-terminal portion of the ligand binding/dimerization domain.
messages: Heterodimer of NR1I3 and RXR. Interacts with PSMC4. Interacts with ECT2. Directly interacts with DNAJC7; this complex may also include HSP90. Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:28751364). Interacts with CRY2 in a ligand-dependent manner (PubMed:28751364).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-48 by PKC, dephosphorylation of Thr-48 is required for nuclear translocation and activation.
messages: Predominantly expressed in liver.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ccin
gene id: 10090:Ccin
uniprot id: Q8CDE2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Possible morphogenetic cytoskeletal element in spermiogenic differentiation.
messages: calyx

10090:Or6d12
gene id: 10090:Or6d12
uniprot id: Q7TS33
uniprot id: Q8C0U2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrch2
gene id: 10090:Lrch2
uniprot id: Q3UMG5
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May play a role in the organization of the cytoskeleton.

10090:Kifc2
gene id: 10090:Kifc2
uniprot id: G3X8Q6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.

10090:Slc22a19
gene id: 10090:Slc22a19
uniprot id: Q8VCA0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Sodium-independent organic anion transporter which shows high specificity for estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and the mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) (PubMed:15068970, PubMed:16150593). Transport of OTA is strongly inhibited by estrone sulfate and probenecid, and to a lesser extent by 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and salicylate (PubMed:15068970). Transport of estrone sulfate is inhibited by various steroid sulfate conjugates including dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, alpha-naphthyl sulfate, beta-estradiol sulfate, 4-methylumbelliferyl sulfate and p-nitrophenyl sulfate (but not minoxidil sulfate) (PubMed:16150593).
messages: Specifically expressed in kidney, where it localizes to proximal tubules of the outer medulla (at protein level) (PubMed:15068970, PubMed:16150593). Not detected in other tissues tested (PubMed:15068970).

10090:Vmn1r104
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r104
uniprot id: L7N293
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem161b
gene id: 10090:Tmem161b
uniprot id: A0A286YCA7
uniprot id: Q8C2L6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM161 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Essential for maintaining normal cardiac rhythm in the developing heart and for neonatal survival (PubMed:33597309). Inhibits potassium and calcium currents in the cardiomyocytes, this assists in timely action potential repolarization and thereby maintains normal cardiac rhythm (PubMed:33597309).
messages: Knockout mice are perinatal lethal and isolated embryonic cardiomyocytes exhibit arrhythmic calcium oscillations.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ncbp3
gene id: 10090:Ncbp3
uniprot id: Q8BZR9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with NCBP1/CBP80 to form an alternative cap-binding complex (CBC) which plays a key role in mRNA export. NCBP3 serves as adapter protein linking the capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA) to NCBP1/CBP80. Unlike the conventional CBC with NCBP2 which binds both small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and messenger (mRNA) and is involved in their export from the nucleus, the alternative CBC with NCBP3 does not bind snRNA and associates only with mRNA thereby playing a role in only mRNA export. The alternative CBC is particularly important in cellular stress situations such as virus infections and the NCBP3 activity is critical to inhibit virus growth (PubMed:26382858).
messages: Belongs to the NCBP3 family.
messages: Component of an alternative cap-binding complex (CBC) composed of NCBP1/CBP80 and NCBP3. Interacts with SRRT, KPNA3, THOC5 and EIF4A3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Exoc8
gene id: 10090:Exoc8
uniprot id: Q6PGF7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EXO84 family.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: The exocyst complex is composed of EXOC1, EXOC2, EXOC3, EXOC4, EXOC5, EXOC6, EXOC7 and EXOC8 (By similarity). Interacts (via PH domain) with GTP-bound RALA and RALB (By similarity). Interacts with SH3BP1; required for the localization of both SH3BP1 and the exocyst to the leading edge of migrating cells (By similarity).
messages: growth cone
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ap1m1
gene id: 10090:Ap1m1
uniprot id: P35585
uniprot id: Q3UG16
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma-type subunit AP1G1 and beta-type subunit AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP1M1 or AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP1S1 or AP1S2 or AP1S3). Interacts with MARCHF11 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Phosphorylation of membrane-bound AP1M1/AP1M2 increases its affinity for sorting signals.
messages: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. The AP complexes mediate the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Ccdc172
gene id: 10090:Ccdc172
uniprot id: Q810N9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC172 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May interact with TEKT2.
messages: cilium

10090:Foxl1
gene id: 10090:Foxl1
uniprot id: Q64731
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Deficient mice show postnatal growth retardation secondary to severe structural abnormalities of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum and decreased intestinal uptake of D-glucose and levels of the intestinal D-glucose transporter Slc5a1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required for proper proliferation and differentiation in the gastrointestinal epithelium. Target gene of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway via GLI2 and GLI3 transcription factors.

10090:Parp16
gene id: 10090:Parp16
uniprot id: Q7TMM8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-mono-ADP-ribosylated.
messages: Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: In absence of activation signal, PARP16 is autoinhibited by the PARP alpha-helical domain (also named HD region), which prevents effective NAD(+)-binding. Activity is highly stimulated by signals, which unfold the PARP alpha-helical domain, relieving autoinhibition.
messages: Interacts with KPNB1.
messages: Intracellular mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that plays a role in different processes, such as protein translation and unfolded protein response (UPR), through the mono-ADP-ribosylation of proteins involved in those processes. Acts as an inhibitor of protein translation by catalyzing mono-ADP-ribosylation of ribosomal subunits, such as RPL14 and RPS6, thereby inhibiting polysome assembly and mRNA loading. Mono-ADP-ribosylation of ribosomal subunits is promoted by NMNAT2. Involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) by ADP-ribosylating and activating EIF2AK3 and ERN1, two important UPR effectors. May also mediate mono-ADP-ribosylation of karyopherin KPNB1 a nuclear import factor. May not modify proteins on arginine or cysteine residues compared to other mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases.
messages: The PARP alpha-helical domain (also named HD region) is regulatory, it packs against the catalytic domain.

10090:Zfp24
gene id: 10090:Zfp24
uniprot id: Q91VN1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:20080941, most mice die by postnatal day 25 (P25) due to myelination defects. Brains and spinal cords isolated from P14 mice appear to be smaller than those from wild-type mice and to lack white matter. Mutant oligodendrocytes arrest at a late stage of differentiation. Expression of genes expressed specifically in mature myelinating oligodendrocytes is down-regulated. According to PubMed:17064688, embryos are severely retarded in development and die at approximately 7.5 dpc. One possible explanation for the different phenotypes described is that the two null alleles are not identical. In the mutants described by PubMed:20080941, the PGK-neo cassette used for positive selection of embryonic stem (ES) cells has been removed, whereas it remains in the allele described by PubMed:17064688.
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: In the embryo, barely detectable at day 17, peaks at day 11 and remains constant thereafter. Detected early during embryogenesis in ectodermal, endodermal, mesodermal and extraembryonic tissues. Expressed in the developing central nervous system. In the developing central nervous system (CNS), mainly expressed in progenitors.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: Transcription factor required for myelination of differentiated oligodendrocytes. Required for the conversion of oligodendrocytes from the premyelinating to the myelinating state. In the developing central nervous system (CNS), involved in the maintenance in the progenitor stage by promoting the cell cycle. Specifically binds to the 5'-TCAT-3' DNA sequence. Has transcription repressor activity in vitro.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis and very low levels in spleen and lung.

10090:Smarcc2
gene id: 10090:Smarcc2
uniprot id: Q6PDG5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SMARCC family.
messages: Component of the multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF: SWI/SNF-A (BAF), SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) and related complexes. The canonical complex contains a catalytic subunit (either SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A or SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B) and at least SMARCE1, ACTL6A/BAF53, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, and SMARCB1/SNF5/BAF47. Other subunits specific to each of the complexes may also be present permitting several possible combinations developmentally and tissue specific (Probable). Component of the BAF complex, which includes at least actin (ACTB), ARID1A/BAF250A, ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCA2/BRM, SMARCA4/BRG1, ACTL6A/BAF53, ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/SNF5/INI1, and one or more SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, or SMARCD3/BAF60C. In muscle cells, the BAF complex also contains DPF3. Component of neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, PHF10/BAF45A, ACTL6A/BAF53A and actin. Component of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, DPF1/BAF45B, DPF3/BAF45C, ACTL6B/BAF53B and actin (PubMed:17640523). Component of the SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) chromatin remodeling complex, at least composed of SMARCA4/BRG1, SMARCB1/BAF47/SNF5, ACTL6A/BAF53A or ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, perhaps SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, PBRM1/BAF180, ARID2/BAF200 and actin (PubMed:22952240, PubMed:26601204). May also interact with the SIN3A histone deacetylase transcription repressor complex in conjunction with SMARCA2 and SMARCA4. Interacts with SMARD1 (By similarity). Interacts with KDM6B (PubMed:210…
messages: Expressed ubiquitously throughout the developing spinal cord, brain and other embryonic tissues at 10.5-16.5 dpc.
messages: Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Can stimulate the ATPase activity of the catalytic subunit of these complexes. May be required for CoREST dependent repression of neuronal specific gene promoters in non-neuronal cells. Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth (PubMed:17640523). Critical regulator of myeloid differentiation, controlling granulocytopoiesis and the expression of genes involved in neutrophil granule formation (PubMed:28369036).
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylation at Lys-312 by SIRT6 promotes recruitment to the enhancer region of the Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) locus, leading to transcription activation of the locus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: SMARCD2 knockout mice show aberrant hematopoiesis, characterized by defective myeloid and erythroid differentiation, a reduction in granulocyte/macrophage progenitors as well as reduced neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes. Knockout embryos die late during fetal development and are characterized by reduced size, pallor, and decreased temporal vascularization.

10090:Mgat4c
gene id: 10090:Mgat4c
uniprot id: Q9D306
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 54 family.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that participates in the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to the core mannose residues of N-linked glycans. Catalyzes the formation of the GlcNAcbeta1-4 branch on the GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3 arm of the core structure of N-linked glycans. Essential for the production of tri- and tetra-antennary N-linked sugar chains. Does not catalyze the transfer of GlcNAc to the Manalpha1-6 arm to form GlcNAcBeta1-4Manalpha1-6 linkage ('GnT-VI' activity) (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane

10090:Ptk2
gene id: 10090:Ptk2
uniprot id: P34152
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. FAK subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in neonate myocardium; levels are low directly after birth but high five to fifteen days after birth, and not detectable in adults.
messages: Does not contain a kinase domain and inhibits PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and signaling. Its enhanced expression can attenuate the nuclear accumulation of LPXN and limit its ability to enhance serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene transcription (By similarity).
messages: Embryonically lethal. Embryos die at about 8.5 dpc, despite normal implantation. Embryos do not develop a normal head fold, neural tube or heart tube. Endothelial-specific gene disruption is lethal at about 11 dpc, due to defects in embryonic angiogenesis.
messages: Interacts with GIT1. Component of a complex that contains at least FER, CTTN and PTK2/FAK1. Interacts with BMX. Interacts with STEAP4. Interacts with ZFYVE21. Interacts with ESR1. Interacts with FGR, FLT4 and RET. Interacts with EPHA2 in resting cells; activation of EPHA2 recruits PTPN11, leading to dephosphorylation of PTK2/FAK1 and dissociation of the complex. Interacts with EPHA1 (kinase activity-dependent) (By similarity). Interacts with MISP (By similarity). Interacts with PIAS1. Interacts with ARHGAP26 and SHC1. Interacts with RB1CC1; this inhibits PTK2/FAK1 activity and activation of downstream signaling pathways. Interacts with P53/TP53. Interacts with STAT1. Interacts with WASL. Interacts with ARHGEF7. Interacts with DCC. Interacts (via first Pro-rich region) with CAS family members (via SH3 domain), including BCAR1, BCAR3 and CASS4. Interacts with NEDD9 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:25059660). Interacts with SORBS1. Interacts with ARHGEF28. Interacts with SHB. Part of a complex composed of THSD1, PTK2/FAK1, TLN1 and VCL (By similarity). Interacts with PXN and TLN1. Interacts with TGFB1I1. Interacts with PIK3R1 or PIK3R2. Interacts with SRC, GRB2 and GRB7. Interacts with LPXN (via LD motif 3). Interacts with CD36. Interacts with EMP2; regulates PTK2 activation and localization (By similarity). Interacts with DSCAM (PubMed:22685302). Interacts with AMBRA1 (PubMed:28362576). Interacts (when tyrosine-phosphorylated) with tensin TNS1; the interaction is increased by phosphorylation of TNS1 (By similarity).
messages: Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required for normal development of the nervous system. Plays a role in osteogenesis and differentiation of osteoblasts. Functions in integrin signal transduction, but also in signaling downstream of numerous growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), EPHA2, netrin receptors and LDL receptors. Forms multisubunit signaling complexes with SRC and SRC family members upon activation; this leads to the phosphorylation of additional tyrosine residues, creating binding sites for scaffold proteins, effectors and substrates. Regulates numerous signaling pathways. Promotes activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascade. Promotes activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling cascade. Promotes localized and transient activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and thereby modulates the activity of Rho family GTPases. Signaling via CAS family members mediates activation of RAC1. Phosphorylates NEDD9 following integrin stimulation (PubMed:25059660). Recruits the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 to P53/TP53 in the nucleus, and thereby regulates P53/TP53 activity, P53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates SRC; this increases SRC kinase activity. Phosphorylates ACTN1, ARHGEF7, GRB7, RET and WASL. Promotes phosphorylation of PXN and STAT1; most likely PXN and STAT1 are phosphorylated by a SRC family kinase t…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon activation, e.g. upon integrin signaling. Tyr-397 is the major autophosphorylation site, but other kinases can also phosphorylate this residue. Phosphorylation at Tyr-397 promotes interaction with SRC and SRC family members, leading to phosphorylation at Tyr-576, Tyr-577 and at additional tyrosine residues. FGR promotes phosphorylation at Tyr-397 and Tyr-576. FER promotes phosphorylation at Tyr-577, Tyr-861 and Tyr-925, even when cells are not adherent. Tyr-397, Tyr-576 and Ser-722 are phosphorylated only when cells are adherent. Phosphorylation at Tyr-397 is important for interaction with BMX, PIK3R1 and SHC1. Phosphorylation at Tyr-925 is important for interaction with GRB2. Dephosphorylated by PTPN11; PTPN11 is recruited to PTK2 via EPHA2 (tyrosine phosphorylated). Microtubule-induced dephosphorylation at Tyr-397 is crucial for the induction of focal adhesion disassembly; this dephosphorylation could be catalyzed by PTPN11 and regulated by ZFYVE21. Phosphorylation on tyrosine residues is enhanced by NTN1 (PubMed:22685302).
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Subject to autoinhibition, mediated by interactions between the FERM domain and the kinase domain. Activated by autophosphorylation at Tyr-397. This promotes interaction with SRC and phosphorylation at Tyr-576 and Tyr-577 in the kinase activation loop by SRC. Phosphorylation at Tyr-397, Tyr-576 and Tyr-577 is required for maximal kinase activity.
messages: Sumoylated; this enhances autophosphorylation.
messages: The C-terminal region is the site of focal adhesion targeting (FAT) sequence which mediates the localization of FAK1 to focal adhesions.
messages: The first Pro-rich domain interacts with the SH3 domain of CAS family members, such as BCAR1 and NEDD9.
messages: a stop codon in position 912 which was translated as Trp to extend the sequence.
messages: cell cortex
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Eomes
gene id: 10090:Eomes
uniprot id: O54839
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Embryonic lethal due to peri-implantation defects. Mutant embryos arrest soon after implantation and fail to form organized embryonic or extraembryonic structures. Conditional mutants, with expression abrogated in the inner cell mass of embryos from early implantation stages onward, display gastrulation defects.
messages: Expressed in CD8+ T-cells.
messages: Functions as a transcriptional activator playing a crucial role during development. Functions in trophoblast differentiation and later in gastrulation, regulating both mesoderm delamination and endoderm specification. Plays a role in brain development being required for the specification and the proliferation of the intermediate progenitor cells and their progeny in the cerebral cortex. Also involved in the differentiation of CD8+ T-cells during immune response regulating the expression of lytic effector genes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Originally expressed in the trophoectoderm of the blastocyst and later in the extraembryonic ectoderm of the early post-implantation embryo. In the embryo proper, expressed in the posterior part of the epiblast. During gastrulation, extends distally into the primitive streak and nascent mesoderm. Also expressed in the developing forebrain and the olfactory lobes. Expressed at 12.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc in the forebrain.
messages: Up-regulated in CD8+ T-cells upon activation.

10090:Vmn2r36
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r36
uniprot id: K7N741
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gfi1b
gene id: 10090:Gfi1b
uniprot id: O70237
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated by IL6 treatment in myelomonocytic cells, and in response to EPO in myeloid cells; EPO-induced down-regulation of Gfi1b is STAT5-dependent.
messages: Essential proto-oncogenic transcriptional regulator necessary for development and differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. Component of a RCOR-GFI-KDM1A-HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development and controls hematopoietic differentiation. Transcriptional repressor or activator depending on both promoter and cell type context; represses promoter activity of SOCS1 and SOCS3 and thus, may regulate cytokine signaling pathways. Cooperates with GATA1 to repress target gene transcription, such as the apoptosis regulator BCL2L1; GFI1B silencing in leukemic cell lines markedly increase apoptosis rate. Inhibits down-regulation of MYC and MYB as well as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A/P21WAF1 in IL6-treated myelomonocytic cells. Represses expression of GATA3 in T-cell lymphomas and inhibits GATA1-mediated transcription; as GATA1 also mediates erythroid GFI1B transcription, both GATA1 and GFI1B participate in a feedback regulatory pathway controlling the expression of GFI1B gene in erythroid cells. Suppresses GATA1-mediated stimulation of GFI1B promoter through protein interaction. Binds to gamma-satellite DNA and to its own promoter, auto-repressing its own expression. Alters histone methylation by recruiting histone methyltransferase to target genes promoters. Plays a role in heterochromatin formation.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow and in spleen. Detected in hematopoietic stem cells, erythroblasts, and megakaryocytes. Expressed in thymocytes.
messages: Interacts with histone methyltransferases EHMT2 and SUV39H1. Interacts with ARIH2 (via RING-type 2) and with RUNX1T1 (By similarity). Forms a complex with GATA1. Component of a RCOR-GFI-KDM1A-HDAC complex. Interacts directly with RCOR1, KDM1A and HDAC2.
messages: Methylation at Lys-8 in the SNAG domain seems required for the recruitment of the corepressor complex.
messages: Mice are not viable and embryos die by 15 dpc during the transition from primitive to definitive hematopoiesis. They exhibit delayed maturation of primitive erythrocytes and subsequently die with failure to produce enucleated erythrocytes. Their fetal liver contains erythroid and megakaryocytic precursor arrested in their development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SNAG domain of GFIs is required for nuclear location and for interaction with some corepressors.
messages: The zinc finger domain is essential for erythroid expansion and acts as an activation domain whereas non finger domain serves as repression domain.
messages: Transgenic mice with insertion of green fluorescence protein (GFP) cDNA in Gfi1b gene allowed to show up-regulation of Gfi1b in early stage of B-cell and in a subset of early thymic pre-T-cell. Mice overexpressing Gfi1b display peripheral T-lymphopenia and a profound defect in activation after CD3 cross-linking. Spleen cells show reduction in the numbers of CD4 and CD8 T-cells. Thymocyte lineage commitment and maturation are altered.

10090:Klf8
gene id: 10090:Klf8
uniprot id: Q8BLM0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Interacts with corepressor CtBP2. Interacts with PIAS1, PIAS2, and PIAS4; the interaction with each ligase sumoylates KLF8 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylation at Lys-64 represses transcriptional activity and reduces cell cycle progression into the G(1) phase. Has no effect on subcellular location.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF8, the motif is inactive.
messages: Transcriptional repressor and activator. Binds to CACCC-boxes promoter elements. Also binds the GT-box of cyclin D1 promoter and mediates cell cycle progression at G(1) phase as a downstream target of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (By similarity).

10090:Pggt1b
gene id: 10090:Pggt1b
uniprot id: Q8BUY9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit beta family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to a cysteine at the fourth position from the C-terminus of proteins having the C-terminal sequence Cys-aliphatic-aliphatic-X. Known substrates include RAC1, RAC2, RAP1A and RAP1B (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer of FNTA and PGGT1B. PGGT1B mediates interaction with substrate peptides (By similarity).

10090:Cdh5
gene id: 10090:Cdh5
uniprot id: P55284
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins (By similarity). They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types (By similarity). This cadherin may play an important role in endothelial cell biology through control of the cohesion and organization of the intercellular junctions (PubMed:9220534, PubMed:20332120). It associates with alpha-catenin forming a link to the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Acts in concert with KRIT1 and PALS1 to establish and maintain correct endothelial cell polarity and vascular lumen (PubMed:27466317). These effects are mediated by recruitment and activation of the Par polarity complex and RAP1B (By similarity). Required for activation of PRKCZ and for localization of phosphorylated PRKCZ, PARD3, TIAM1 and RAP1B to the cell junction (By similarity).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in endothelial cells of allantois/umbilical vessels at 8.5 dpc (at protein level). During hemangioblast differentiation, expressed in hemogenic endothelium cells and down-regulated in nascent blood precursors.
messages: Expressed in postnatal endothelial cells of the retinal vascular plexus (at protein level).
messages: Interacts (via cadherin 5 domain) with PTPRB (PubMed:12234928). Interacts with TRPC4 (By similarity). Interacts with KRIT1 (By similarity). Interacts with PARD3 (PubMed:20047332). Interacts with RTN4 (isoform B) (By similarity). Interacts with PALS1; the interaction promotes PALS1 localization to cell junctions and is required for CDH5-mediated vascular lumen formation and endothelial cell polarity (PubMed:27466317).
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by KDR/VEGFR-2. Dephosphorylated by PTPRB.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: Up-regulated by SOX7.

10090:Mki67
gene id: 10090:Mki67
uniprot id: E9PVX6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Accumulates during the late G1 stage in the nucleus and maximum expression is found during G2 phase and mitosis (PubMed:8834799). During male meiosis, present in nuclei of all stages from the spermatogonium through spermatocytes I and II up to the earliest spermatid stage (early round spermatids) and then fades out (PubMed:12355204). Not detected in later spermatid stages or sperm (PubMed:12355204). During female meiosis, present in prophase I oocytes of fetal ovaries, while it is absent in resting oocytes. Reappears in oocytes of growing follicles and is continuously present up to metaphase II (at protein level) (PubMed:12355204).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with KIF15 (By similarity). Interacts (via the FHA domain) with NIFK (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1CC (By similarity). Component of a complex at least composed of ZNF335, HCFC1, CCAR2, EMSY, MKI67, RBBP5, ASH2L and WDR5; the complex is formed as a result of interactions between components of a nuclear receptor-mediated transcription complex and a histone methylation complex (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF335 (By similarity).
messages: Mainly present in proliferating cells (at protein level).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice were born at the expected Mendelian ratio and show no overt phenotype (PubMed:26949251). Cells do not show proliferation defects, but chromatin organization is impaired, with defects in heterochromatin compaction and long-range genomic interactions (PubMed:26949251).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Hyperphosphorylated in mitosis. Hyperphosphorylated form does not bind DNA.
messages: Required to maintain individual mitotic chromosomes dispersed in the cytoplasm following nuclear envelope disassembly (PubMed:27362226). Associates with the surface of the mitotic chromosome, the perichromosomal layer, and covers a substantial fraction of the chromosome surface (PubMed:27362226). Prevents chromosomes from collapsing into a single chromatin mass by forming a steric and electrostatic charge barrier: the protein has a high net electrical charge and acts as a surfactant, dispersing chromosomes and enabling independent chromosome motility (PubMed:27362226). Binds DNA, with a preference for supercoiled DNA and AT-rich DNA (By similarity). Does not contribute to the internal structure of mitotic chromosomes (PubMed:26949251). May play a role in chromatin organization (PubMed:26949251). It is however unclear whether it plays a direct role in chromatin organization or whether it is an indirect consequence of its function in maintaining mitotic chromosomes dispersed.
messages: Was thought to play a key role in cell proliferation, and is commonly used as a marker of cell proliferation. However, its primary function is uncoupled from cell proliferation (PubMed:26949251). Required to maintain mitotic chromosomes dispersed by forming a steric and electrostatic charge barrier (PubMed:27362226).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Dck
gene id: 10090:Dck
uniprot id: P43346
uniprot id: Q545E8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DCK/DGK family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated and activated in vitro upon phosphorylation at Ser-74 by CSNK1D/CK1.
messages: Phosphorylates the deoxyribonucleosides deoxycytidine, deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine.

10090:Etaa1
gene id: 10090:Etaa1
uniprot id: Q5SVT3
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts (via RBM1 motif) with RPA1. Interacts (via RBM2 motif) with RPA2. Interacts (via the ATR-activation domain motif) with ATR.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-10 is the initiator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ATR.
messages: Replication stress response protein that accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes replication fork progression and integrity. Recruited to stalled replication forks via interaction with the RPA complex and directly stimulates ATR kinase activity independently of TOPBP1. Probably only regulates a subset of ATR targets.
messages: The ATR-activation domain (AAD) motif is required to bind and activate ATR.
messages: The RBM1 (RPA1-binding, also named RPA70N-binding) motif mediates interaction with RPA1. The RBM2 (RPA2-binding, also named RPA32C-binding) motif mediates interaction with RPA2.

10090:Scube2
gene id: 10090:Scube2
uniprot id: D3YVM9
names: Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Grid1
gene id: 10090:Grid1
uniprot id: Q61627
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRID1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dimer (PubMed:27418511). Interacts (via extracellular N-terminal domain) with CBLN1 (via C1q domain), and more weakly with CBLN2 (PubMed:22220752, PubMed:27418511).
messages: Equally in forebrain and cerebellum.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists.

10090:Tceal7
gene id: 10090:Tceal7
uniprot id: A3KGA4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TFS-II family. TFA subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in the negative regulation of NF-kappa-B signaling at the basal level by modulating transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B on its target gene promoters. Associates with cyclin D1 promoter containing Myc E-box sequence and transcriptionally represses cyclin D1 expression. Regulates telomerase reverse transcriptase expression and telomerase activity in both ALT (alternative lengthening of telomeres)and telomerase-positive cell lines (By similarity).

10090:Fam207a
gene id: 10090:Fam207a
uniprot id: P58468
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLX9 family.
messages: May be involved in ribosome biogenesis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ypel2
gene id: 10090:Ypel2
uniprot id: Q0VA86
uniprot id: Q65Z95
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the yippee family.
messages: Detected in testis, heart, brain, spleen, lung and liver.
messages: May interact with FAM168B.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tubb2b
gene id: 10090:Tubb2b
uniprot id: B2RSN3
uniprot id: Q9CWF2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: Strong expression is detected in the developing cortex and peripheral nervous system, as well as in the adult cerebellum, hippocampus and olfactory bulb.
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin. Plays a critical role in proper axon guidance in both central and peripheral axon tracts. Implicated in neuronal migration.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Deaf1
gene id: 10090:Deaf1
uniprot id: Q3TYJ5
uniprot id: Q80V49
uniprot id: Q9Z1T5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exencephaly and skeletal abnormalities in the rib cage and cervical vertebrae but no presphenoid bone or cranial nerve defects. DEAF1 homozygous mice neonates die 100% of the time and DEAF1 heterozygous mice survived in a 2:1 ratio.
messages: Expressed at all stages of mammary gland development with slightly higher levels observed during pregnancy and lactation. At 4 weeks, expression levels of isoform 1 and isoform 2 do not differ in pancreatic lymph nodes of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice compared to NOD.B10 mice which do not develop diabetes. However, at 12 weeks, expression of isoform 1 is down-regulated while expression of isoform 2 is up-regulated in NOD mice but not in NOD.B10. There is no difference in expression levels at 12 weeks in spleen.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 may form a heterodimer. May interact with the corepressors NCOR1 and NCRO2 (By similarity). Identified in a complex with XRCC5 and XRCC6. Interacts (via the SAND domain) with the DNA-PK complex subunit XRCC6; the interaction is direct with XRCC6 and may be inhibited by DNA-binding (By similarity). Interacts with LMO4; LMO4 blocks export from nucleus. Interacts with LMO2 and CLIM2.
messages: May be phosphorylated by DNA-PK complex in a DNA independent manner (in vitro).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that binds to sequence with multiple copies of 5'-TTC[CG]G-3' present in its own promoter and that of the HNRPA2B1 gene. Down-regulates transcription of these genes. Binds to the retinoic acid response element (RARE) 5'-AGGGTTCACCGAAAGTTCA-3'. Activates the proenkephalin gene independently of promoter binding, probably through protein-protein interaction (By similarity). Regulates epithelial cell proliferation and side-branching in the mammary gland. Required for neural tube closure and skeletal patterning. Controls the expression of peripheral tissue antigens in pancreatic lymph nodes. Isoform 1 displays greater transcriptional activity than isoform 2. Isoform 2 may inhibit transcriptional activity of isoform 1 by interacting with it and retaining it in the cytoplasm. Transcriptional activator of EIF4G3 (By similarity). May also involved in behavior (PubMed:24726472).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed during embryogenesis, with higher expression in regions of the central nervous system, dorsal root ganglia, submandibular gland, epidermis and breast. In 12-week-old NOD mice, expression of isoform 2 is sevenfold higher in lymph node stromal elements than in T-cells and tenfold higher than in B-cells.

10090:Entpd6
gene id: 10090:Entpd6
uniprot id: Q3U0P5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates in a calcium- or magnesium-dependent manner. Has a strong preference for nucleoside diphosphates, preferentially hydrolyzes GDP, IDP, and UDP, with slower hydrolysis of CDP, ITP, GTP, CTP, ADP, and UTP and virtually no hydrolysis of ATP. The membrane bound form might support glycosylation reactions in the Golgi apparatus and, when released from cells, might catalyze the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly and equally activated by either Ca(2+) or Mg(2+).

10090:Hddc3
gene id: 10090:Hddc3
uniprot id: Q9D114
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MESH1 family.
messages: ppGpp hydrolyzing enzyme involved in starvation response.

10090:Ltb
gene id: 10090:Ltb
uniprot id: A0A0U5JAA2
uniprot id: P41155
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cytokine that binds to LTBR/TNFRSF3. May play a specific role in immune response regulation. Provides the membrane anchor for the attachment of the heterotrimeric complex to the cell surface.
messages: Heterotrimer of either two LTB and one LTA subunits or (less prevalent) two LTA and one LTB subunits.
messages: Membrane

10090:Klb
gene id: 10090:Klb
uniprot id: Q99N32
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. Klotho subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 2 glycosyl hydrolase 1 regions. However, the first region lacks the essential Glu active site residue at position 241, and the second one lacks the essential Glu active site residue at position 887. These domains are therefore predicted to be inactive.
messages: Contributes to the transcriptional repression of cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis. Probably inactive as a glycosidase. Increases the ability of FGFR1 and FGFR4 to bind FGF21.
messages: Expression starts at 10.5 dpc in hepatocytes. Expressed in the acinar cells of the pancreas and cervical brown adipose tissue at 15.5 dpc. Expressed in white adipose tissue at 19.5 dpc. Up-regulated during preadipocyte differentiation into adipocytes (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with FGF19; this interaction is direct. Interacts (via C-terminus) with FGF21; this interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with FGFR1 and FGFR4.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but have an altered bile metabolism: they have increased CYP7A1 levels, secrete more bile acids and are resistant to cholesterol gallstone formation.
messages: Present in liver, muscle and white adipose tissue, but not in kidney (at protein level). Expressed in liver and pancreas, and at lower levels in skin, stomach, skeletal muscle, small intestine and lung.

10090:Cmip
gene id: 10090:Cmip
uniprot id: Q9D486
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FLNA.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in T-cell signaling pathway.

10090:Lin9
gene id: 10090:Lin9
uniprot id: A0A0A6YVZ7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the lin-9 family.

10090:Adck2
gene id: 10090:Adck2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1X6
uniprot id: Q6NSR3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
messages: Membrane
messages: The function of this protein is not yet clear. It is not known if it has protein kinase activity and what type of substrate it would phosphorylate (Ser, Thr or Tyr).

10090:Arf3
gene id: 10090:Arf3
uniprot id: P61205
uniprot id: Q3U344
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
messages: GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with PRKCABP. Interacts with PI4KB and NCS1/FREQ at the Golgi complex.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Mtch2
gene id: 10090:Mtch2
uniprot id: A2AFW6
uniprot id: Q791V5
uniprot id: Q9D050
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Expressed in a wide variety of tissues. Predominant expressed in liver, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Interacts with p15BID.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice homozygous for a knockout allele exhibit abnormal mesoderm development, disorganized extraembryonic tissue, lack of amnion and chorion formation, decreased embryo size and lethality at around 7.5 dpc (PubMed:20436477). Conditional knockout in the liver decreases the sensitivity of mice to Fas-induced hepatocellular apoptosis and prevents the recruitment of tBID to liver mitochondria (PubMed:20436477). Conditional knockout in skeletal muscle results in increased mitochondrial mass and metabolism granting protection against diet-induced obesity (PubMed:26876167).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Protein insertase that mediates insertion of transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial outer membrane. Catalyzes insertion of proteins with alpha-helical transmembrane regions, such as signal-anchored, tail-anchored and multi-pass membrane proteins. Does not mediate insertion of beta-barrel transmembrane proteins (By similarity). Also acts as a receptor for the truncated form of pro-apoptotic BH3-interacting domain death agonist (p15 BID) and has therefore a critical function in apoptosis (PubMed:20436477, PubMed:26219591, PubMed:26876167, PubMed:30510213). Regulates the quiescence/cycling of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (PubMed:20436477, PubMed:26219591, PubMed:26876167). Acts as a regulator of mitochondrial fusion, essential for the naive-to-primed interconversion of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (PubMed:30510213). Acts as a regulator of lipid homeostasis and has a regulatory role in adipocyte differentiation and biology (PubMed:26876167, PubMed:28127879).

10090:Il2rb
gene id: 10090:Il2rb
uniprot id: P16297
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Non-covalent dimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. IL2R exists in 3 different forms: a high affinity dimer, an intermediate affinity monomer (beta subunit), and a low affinity monomer (alpha subunit). The high and intermediate affinity forms also associate with a gamma subunit. Interacts with SHB upon interleukin stimulation (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for interleukin-2. This beta subunit is involved in receptor mediated endocytosis and transduces the mitogenic signals of IL2. Probably in association with IL15RA, involved in the stimulation of neutrophil phagocytosis by IL15 (By similarity).
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

10090:Trim7
gene id: 10090:Trim7
uniprot id: Q923T7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auto-ubiquitinates via 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletion mutant protects mice from DNA virus infection.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that have both tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing activities and functions in several biological processes including innate immunity, regulation of ferroptosis as well as cell proliferation and migration. Acts as an antiviral effector against multiple viruses by targeting specific viral proteins for ubiquitination and degradation including norovirus NTPase protein. Mechanistically, recognizes the C-terminal glutamine-containing motif generated by viral proteases that process the polyproteins and trigger their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:35972292). Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and stabilization of the JUN coactivator RNF187 in response to growth factor signaling via the MEK/ERK pathway, thereby regulating JUN transactivation and cellular proliferation (By similarity). Promotes the TLR4-mediated signaling activation through its E3 ligase domain leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (PubMed:30928727). Also plays a negative role in the regulation of exogenous cytosolic DNA virus-triggered immune response. Mechanistically, enhances the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STING1 leading to its proteasome-dependent degradation. Mediates the ubiquitination of the SIN3-HDAC chromatin remodeling complex component BRMS1. Modulates NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and ferroptosis in glioblastoma cells by ubiquitinating NCOA4, leading to its degradation (PubMed:32126128).
messages: Forms homodimers. Interacts with GNIP2. Interacts with GYG1. Interacts with RNF187 (via C-terminus).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in antigen-presenting cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-106 by RPS6KA5/MSK1, which stimulates the ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: The B30.2 domain mediates interaction with GYG.
messages: The coiled-coil region mediates homodimerization and heterodimerization.

10090:Hand1
gene id: 10090:Hand1
uniprot id: Q64279
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms homodimers and heterodimers with TCF3 gene products E12 and E47, HAND2 and HEY1, HEY2 and HEYL (hairy-related transcription factors). Interacts with MDFIC. Interacts with SOX15; the interaction enhances HAND1-induced differentiation of trophoblast giant cells (PubMed:16759287).
messages: Phosphorylation by PLK4 disrupts the interaction with MDFIC and leads to translocation into the nucleoplasm, allowing dimerization and transcription factor activity.
messages: Present as a maternal transcript in the egg as well as during cleavage development before blastocyst formation. At 7.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all trophoblast cells (PubMed:16759287). Expression seen in the ectoplacental cone and extraembryonic mesodermal components of the amnion, allantois and visceral yolk sac. This high extraembryonic expression persists in the embryonic component of the placenta throughout development. In the embryo, expressed at 7.75 dpc in the lateral mesoderm along the entire length of the embryo as well as throughout the precardiogenic mesoderm. At 8.0 dpc, in the developing heart, expression becomes restricted to the rostral and caudal regions of the straight heart tube, which are fated to form the conotruncus and left ventricle, respectively. Symmetric expression is observed along the left-right axis in the caudal heart tube and lateral mesoderm. As cardiac looping occurs, the interrupted anterior-posterior patterning is maintained with expression in the future left, but not right ventricle. Expressed in the myocardium, but not in the endocardium, and specifically on the greater curvature of the looping heart which is opposed to the pericardium. After day 10.5 dpc, the high cardiac expression level declines abruptly. By 13.5 dpc, expression in the heart is restricted to the regions of valve formation. Besides the heart, expression becomes detectable in the gut at 9.0 dpc. At 10.0 dpc, expressed also in the lateral mesoderm and in the neural crest-derived branchial arches. At 10.5 dpc prominent expression in the gut, pharyngeal arches and in sympathetic ganglion primordia. At that stage, a low level of transient expression is seen in the distal posterior region of the limb bud. At 12 dpc expressed in the conceptus trophoblast giant cell layer in the placenta (PubMed:16759287). At 13.5 dpc expressed in neural crest derivatives, with abundant expression in the autonomic nervous system and adrenal medulla.
messages: Smooth muscle cells of the gut and adrenal tissue.
messages: Transcription factor that plays an essential role in both trophoblast giant cell differentiation and in cardiac morphogenesis (PubMed:9500551, PubMed:16759287). Binds the DNA sequence 5'-NRTCTG-3' (non-canonical E-box) (PubMed:7791788). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of SOX15 (PubMed:16759287). In the adult, could be required for ongoing expression of cardiac-specific genes (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Defa20
gene id: 10090:Defa20
uniprot id: Q45VN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: May have microbicidal activities.
messages: Secreted

10090:Foxk2
gene id: 10090:Foxk2
uniprot id: Q3UCQ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 12.5 dpc, expressed ubiquitously in the developing central nervous system. This pattern persists at 14.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc, with expression levels varying.
messages: Component of SIN3A-, but not SIN3B-, containing multiprotein complexes (PubMed:25402684). Interacts with DVL1, DVL2 (when phosphorylated) and DVL3; the interaction induces DVL2 nuclear translocation (By similarity). Interacts with SUDS3 (By similarity). Interacts with BAP1 (when phosphorylated); leading to recruit the PR-DUB complex and repress FOXK2 target genes (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in a wide range of adult brain regions, namely the piriform cortex, the major islands of Calleja and cells lining the lateral ventricles, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, the paraventricular thalamic nucleus, habenula and all structures of the hippocampus. Also present in the hypothalamus, cerebral cortex and in the Purkinje cell layer in the cerebellum. Additionally expressed in dopamine neurons of the substantia and more sparsely in the ventral tegmental area.
messages: Hyperphosphorylated during mitosis by CDK1 and, to a lower extent, CDK2. Phosphorylation at Ser-364 and Ser-419 affects stability by promoting degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal part of the DNA-binding domain may contribute to DNA recognition specificity.
messages: Transcriptional regulator involved in different processes such as glucose metabolism, aerobic glycolysis and autophagy (PubMed:25402684, PubMed:29861159, PubMed:30700909). Recognizes and binds the forkhead DNA sequence motif (5'-GTAAACA-3') and can both act as a transcription activator or repressor, depending on the context (PubMed:25402684, PubMed:29861159, PubMed:30700909). Together with FOXK1, acts as a key regulator of metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis, a process in which glucose is converted to lactate in the presence of oxygen (PubMed:30700909). Acts by promoting expression of enzymes for glycolysis (such as hexokinase-2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase (PKLR) and lactate dehydrogenase), while suppressing further oxidation of pyruvate in the mitochondria by up-regulating pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases PDK1 and PDK4 (PubMed:30700909). Probably plays a role in gluconeogenesis during overnight fasting, when lactate from white adipose tissue and muscle is the main substrate (PubMed:30700909). Together with FOXK1, acts as a negative regulator of autophagy in skeletal muscle: in response to starvation, enters the nucleus, binds the promoters of autophagy genes and represses their expression, preventing proteolysis of skeletal muscle proteins (PubMed:25402684). In addition to the 5'-GTAAACA-3' DNA motif, also binds the 5'-TGANTCA-3' palindromic DNA motif, and co-associates with JUN/AP-1 to activate transcription (By similarity). Also able to bind to a minimal DNA heteroduplex containing a G/T-mismatch with 5'-TRT[G/T]NB-3' sequence (By similarity). Binds to NFAT-like motifs (purine-rich) in the IL2 promoter (By similarity). Positively regulates WNT/beta-catenin signaling by translocating DVL proteins into the nucleus (By similarity).

10090:Neto1
gene id: 10090:Neto1
uniprot id: Q8R4I7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Depressed long-term potentiation (LTP) at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses, NMDAR-dependent spatial learning and memory. Rescued by the ampakine CX546 at physiological doses.
messages: Expressed only in brain. Present throughout the central nervous system. Highly expressed in the hippocampal CA3 region, olfactory bulb and tubercle, caudate putamen, and neocortex in the adult brain.
messages: Interacts with PLZ domains of DLG2, DLG3 and DLG4 via its C-terminal TRV domain. Interacts with GRIN2A and GRIN2B via its CUB domains.
messages: Involved in the development and/or maintenance of neuronal circuitry. Accessory subunit of the neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) critical for maintaining the abundance of GRIN2A-containing NMDARs in the postsynaptic density. Regulates long-term NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity and cognition, at least in the context of spatial learning and memory.
messages: Membrane
messages: Observed restrictively in brain throughout embryonic and postnatal stages. Expression pattern in brain slightly changes from 13 dpc to postnatal day 21 (P21). Expressed in both cerebrum and cerebellum throughout P0 to P35. In the cerebrum expression reached a plateau at P14 while expression in the cerebellum remains constant throughout all postnatal stages.
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane

10090:Flii
gene id: 10090:Flii
uniprot id: Q9JJ28
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Expressed in blastocyst.
messages: Flii deficiency causes lethality during early embryogenesis at a stage preceding gastrulation.
messages: Increases the percentage of focal complex positive cells.
messages: Interacts with actin, ACTL6A, NCOA2 and MYD88 (By similarity). Interacts with LRRFIP1 and LRRFIP2. Upon LPS stimulation, LRRFIP2 competes for MYD88-binding. LRRFIP1 constitutively blocks the interaction with MyD88, even in the absence of LPS (By similarity). Interacts with the nuclear receptors ESR1 and THRB (By similarity). Interacts with CARM1. Interacts with SGK3.
messages: May play a role as coactivator in transcriptional activation by hormone-activated nuclear receptors (NR) and acts in cooperation with NCOA2 and CARM1. Involved in estrogen hormone signaling (By similarity). Essential for early embryonic development. May play a role in regulation of cytoskeletal rearrangements involved in cytokinesis and cell migration, by inhibiting Rac1-dependent paxillin phosphorylation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated in response to wounding.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Il17d
gene id: 10090:Il17d
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1G4
uniprot id: Q8K4C4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IL-17 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Aurkaip1
gene id: 10090:Aurkaip1
uniprot id: Q9DCJ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS38 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins (By similarity). Interacts with Aurora-A.
messages: May act as a negative regulator of Aurora-A kinase, by down-regulation through proteasome-dependent degradation.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed and especially highly expressed in heart, skeletal muscle and testis.

10090:Pramel13
gene id: 10090:Pramel13
uniprot id: Q9D2F1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Rps6ka5
gene id: 10090:Rps6ka5
uniprot id: Q3TUH8
uniprot id: Q8C050
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation at Ser-359, Thr-645 and Thr-764 by MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK14/p38-alpha, and by further autophosphorylation of Ser-211, Ser-375 and Ser-380 by the activated C-terminal kinase domain. The active N-terminal kinase domain finally phosphorylates downstream substrates, as well as Ser-814, Ser-816 and Ser-822 in its own C-terminal region.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. S6 kinase subfamily.
messages: Enzyme activity requires the presence of both kinase domains.
messages: Forms a complex with either MAPK1/ERK2 or MAPK3/ERK1 in quiescent cells which transiently dissociates following mitogenic stimulation. Also associates with MAPK14/p38-alpha. Activated RPS6KA5 associates with and phosphorylates the NF-kappa-B p65 subunit RELA. Interacts with CREBBP and EP300 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ser-375 and Thr-645 phosphorylation is required for kinase activity. Ser-375 and Ser-211 are autophosphorylated by the C-terminal kinase domain, and their phosphorylation is essential for the catalytic activity of the N-terminal kinase domain. Phosphorylated at Ser-359, Thr-645 and Thr-764 by MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK14/p38-alpha. Autophosphorylated at Ser-814, Ser-816 and Ser-822 by the N-terminal kinase domain (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that is required for the mitogen or stress-induced phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB1 and ATF1 and for the regulation of the transcription factors RELA, STAT3 and ETV1/ER81, and that contributes to gene activation by histone phosphorylation and functions in the regulation of inflammatory genes (By similarity)(PubMed:11553624, PubMed:11909979, PubMed:16806820). Phosphorylates CREB1 and ATF1 in response to mitogenic or stress stimuli such as UV-C irradiation, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and anisomycin (PubMed:11909979). Plays an essential role in the control of RELA transcriptional activity in response to TNF and upon glucocorticoid, associates in the cytoplasm with the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 and contributes to RELA inhibition and repression of inflammatory gene expression (PubMed:12628924, PubMed:16806820). In skeletal myoblasts is required for phosphorylation of RELA at 'Ser-276' during oxidative stress (PubMed:12628924). In erythropoietin-stimulated cells, is necessary for the 'Ser-727' phosphorylation of STAT3 and regulation of its transcriptional potential (PubMed:11553624). Phosphorylates ETV1/ER81 at 'Ser-191' and 'Ser-216', and thereby regulates its ability to stimulate transcription, which may be important during development and breast tumor formation (By similarity). Directly represses transcription via phosphorylation of 'Ser-1' of histone H2A (By similarity). Phosphorylates 'Ser-10' of histone H3 in response to mitogenics, stress stimuli and EGF, which results in the transcriptional activation of several immediate early genes, including proto-oncogenes c-fos/FOS and c-jun/JUN (PubMed:15870105, PubMed:16517600). May also phosphorylate 'Ser-28' of histone H3 (PubMed:11441012, PubMed:15870105). Mediates the mitogen- and stress-induced phosphorylation of high mobility group protein 1 (HMGN1/HMG14) (By similarity). In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated primary macrophages, acts downstream of the Toll-like rece…
messages: Ubiquitinated.

10090:Mroh7
gene id: 10090:Mroh7
uniprot id: A2AVR2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tgfb3
gene id: 10090:Tgfb3
uniprot id: Q3TRQ9
uniprot id: Q91YU7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein: Precursor of the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor beta-3 (TGF-beta-3) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active subunit of TGF-beta-3, respectively.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Csf3
gene id: 10090:Csf3
uniprot id: P09920
uniprot id: Q0VB73
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
messages: Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factors are cytokines that act in hematopoiesis by controlling the production, differentiation, and function of 2 related white cell populations of the blood, the granulocytes and the monocytes-macrophages. This CSF induces granulocytes.
messages: Monomer.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Sox6
gene id: 10090:Sox6
uniprot id: P40645
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is dependent on SOX9.
messages: Expression is transiently increased during brown adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Highly expressed in testis.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:32442410). Interacts with DAZAP2 (PubMed:14530442). May interact with CENPK (PubMed:10996314).
messages: Newborn mice display mild skeletal abnormalities (PubMed:11702786). Knockout mice also display increase in prematurely differentiated oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the motor neuron progenitor domain of the spinal tube at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:26525805). At 18.5 dpc the number and distribution of oligodendroglia are normal, however there is an increased number of differentiating oligodendrocytes (PubMed:26525805). Double knockout of Sox13 and Sox6 show an increase in oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the spinal tube at 11.5 dpc, at 18.5 dpc the number and distribution of oligodendroglia are normal but contain an increased number of differentiating cells (PubMed:26525805). Mice lacking both Sox5 and Sox6 develop a severe chondrodysplasia characterized by the virtual absence of cartilage: chondrogenic cells are largely arrested at the stage of chondrogenic mesenchymal condensations (PubMed:11702786). Embryos lacking Sox5 (homozygous knockout) and heterozygous for Sox6 live until birth and show severe growth plate chondrocyte defects (PubMed:14993235). Embryos lacking Sox6 (homozygous knockout) and heterozygous for Sox5 live until birth and show severe growth plate chondrocyte defects (PubMed:14993235).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylation inhibits the transcriptional activity.
messages: Transcription factor that plays a key role in several developmental processes, including neurogenesis, chondrocytes differentiation and cartilage formation (Probable). Specifically binds the 5'-AACAAT-3' DNA motif present in enhancers and super-enhancers and promotes expression of genes important for chondrogenesis (PubMed:9755172, PubMed:11702786). Required for overt chondrogenesis when condensed prechondrocytes differentiate into early stage chondrocytes: SOX5 and SOX6 cooperatively bind with SOX9 on active enhancers and super-enhancers associated with cartilage-specific genes, and thereby potentiate SOX9's ability to transactivate (PubMed:11702786, PubMed:15529345, PubMed:26150426). Not involved in precartilaginous condensation, the first step in chondrogenesis, during which skeletal progenitors differentiate into prechondrocytes (PubMed:14993235, PubMed:26150426). Together with SOX5, required to form and maintain a pool of highly proliferating chondroblasts between epiphyses and metaphyses, to form columnar chondroblasts, delay chondrocyte prehypertrophy but promote hypertrophy, and to delay terminal differentiation of chondrocytes on contact with ossification fronts (PubMed:14993235). Binds to the proximal promoter region of the myelin protein MPZ gene, and is thereby involved in the differentiation of oligodendroglia in the developing spinal tube (PubMed:26525805). Binds to the gene promoter of MBP and acts as a transcriptional repressor (PubMed:26525805).

10090:Pfas
gene id: 10090:Pfas
uniprot id: Q5SUR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the FGAMS family.
messages: Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase involved in the purines biosynthetic pathway. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) and glutamine to yield formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) and glutamate (By similarity).

10090:Myoz1
gene id: 10090:Myoz1
uniprot id: Q9JK37
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expressed at significant levels in cardiac muscle with lower levels detected in skeletal muscle of tongue. At 15.5 dpc, cardiac expression is down-regulated and only weakly detected in atria, whereas skeletal muscle expression is more robust.
messages: Belongs to the myozenin family.
messages: Expressed primarily in skeletal muscle and specifically enriched in the gastrocnemius, which is composed predominantly of fast-twitch muscle fibers. Detected at lower levels in heart.
messages: Interacts with ACTN2, ACTN3, FLNA, FLNB, FLNC, LDB3, PPP3CA and TCAP. Interacts via its C-terminal region with MYOT.
messages: Myozenins may serve as intracellular binding proteins involved in linking Z-disk proteins such as alpha-actinin, gamma-filamin, TCAP/telethonin, LDB3/ZASP and localizing calcineurin signaling to the sarcomere. Plays an important role in the modulation of calcineurin signaling. May play a role in myofibrillogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: pseudopodium

10090:Nek5
gene id: 10090:Nek5
uniprot id: Q7TSC3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. NEK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIMA subfamily.

10090:Slc4a7
gene id: 10090:Slc4a7
uniprot id: F8VQC9
uniprot id: U3RF68
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gga3
gene id: 10090:Gga3
uniprot id: A2A9W7
uniprot id: Q8BMI3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GGA protein family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Interacts with GGA1 and GGA2 (By similarity). Binds to clathrin and activated ARFs, such as ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6 (PubMed:11950392). Binds RABEP1 and RABGEF1. Interacts with the membrane proteins M6PR/CD-MPR and IGF2R/CI-MPR and the accessory proteins SYNRG, EPN4, NECAP1, NECAP2 and AFTPH/aftiphilin. Interacts with TSG101 and UBC. Interacts with ADRA2B. Interacts with NTRK1; the interaction is independent of NTRK1 activation and ubiquitination. Interacts (via VHS domain) with BACE1 (via DXXLL motif) (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2 and dephosphorylated by PP2A. Phosphorylation of GGA3 allows the internal DXXLL motif to bind the VHS domain and to inhibit the recognition of cargo signals (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (DXXLL) motif (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (DXXLL) motif. Mediates export of the GPCR receptor ADRA2B to the cell surface. Involved in BACE1 transport and sorting as well as regulation of BACE1 protein levels. Regulates retrograde transport of BACE1 from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network via interaction through the VHS motif and dependent of BACE1 phosphorylation. Modulates BACE1 protein levels independently of the interaction between VHS domain and DXXLL motif through recognition of ubiquitination (By similarity). Key player in a novel DXXLL-mediated endosomal sorting machinery to the recycling pathway that targets NTRK1 to the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved during apoptosis by CASP3.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The GAE domain binds accessory proteins regulating GGAs function.
messages: The GAT domain is responsible for interaction with ARF-GTP, UBC and RABEP1. Required for recruitment to the TGN it prevents ARF-GTP hydrolysis (By similarity).
messages: The VHS domain functions as a recognition module for sorting signals composed of an acidic cluster followed by two leucines (DXXLL motif).
messages: The unstructured hinge region contains clathrin-binding and an autoinhibitory (DXXLL) motifs.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Eef1akmt4
gene id: 10090:Eef1akmt4
uniprot id: P0DPE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase that efficiently catalyzes three successive methylations on 'Lys-36' in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EEF1A1 or EEF1A2).

10090:Irak3
gene id: 10090:Irak3
uniprot id: Q8K4B2
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Asn-306 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue. Low level autophosphorylation activity has been reported in PubMed:12054681, while other authors describe this as an inactive kinase.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Pelle subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in inflamed lung macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:29686383). Expressed in dendritic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29686383). Highly expressed in liver and thymus and at lower levels in heart, brain, spleen and kidney (PubMed:12054681).
messages: In response to intranasal administration of IL33, lung inflammation is reduced compared to wild-type and is associated with low infiltration by inflammatory cells, especially granulocytes, a severe reduction in Th2-type cytokine secretion, including Il4, Il5 and Il13 in bronchial alveolar fluids, and reduced up-regulation of Il6, Csf3, Cxcl2 and Ccl5 mRNAs.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homodimer (By similarity). May interact with IRAK4 (when phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Thr-110) with PIN1 (via WW domain) in response to IL33-mediated (but not TLR4 ligand LPS) dendritic cell stimulation (PubMed:29686383).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative inactive protein kinase which regulates signaling downstream of immune receptors including IL1R and Toll-like receptors (PubMed:12150927, PubMed:12054681, PubMed:29686383). Inhibits dissociation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 from the Toll-like receptor signaling complex by either inhibiting the phosphorylation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 or stabilizing the receptor complex (PubMed:12150927, PubMed:12054681). Upon IL33-induced lung inflammation, positively regulates expression of IL6, CSF3, CXCL2 and CCL5 mRNAs in dendritic cells (PubMed:29686383).
messages: The nucleotide binding domain binds ATP with low affinity.

10090:Lzts3
gene id: 10090:Lzts3
uniprot id: A2AHG0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LZTS3 family.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with SHANK3 (via PDZ domain). Interacts (via coiled coil) with SIPA1L1. Can form homooligomers.
messages: May be involved in promoting the maturation of dendritic spines, probably via regulating SIPA1L1 levels at the postsynaptic density of synapses.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Synapse
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Fbxo25
gene id: 10090:Fbxo25
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRC8
uniprot id: Q3UYF5
uniprot id: Q9D2Y6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested, except striated muscle (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus and the Purkinje cell layer of the brain. Intestine and kidney show also significant levels.
messages: Expressed in neuronal tissues of 14.5 dpc mice.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex consisting of FBXO25, SKP1, CUL1 and RBX1. Interacts directly with SKP1 and CUL1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with beta-actin (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. May play a role in accumulation of expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) protein huntingtin (HTT).
messages: The F-box is necessary for the interaction with SKP1.

10090:Or14j5
gene id: 10090:Or14j5
uniprot id: Q8VGF0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnf141
gene id: 10090:Rnf141
uniprot id: Q99MB7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expression was first detected at postnatal day 6, and reached the adult level between postnatal day 14 and 21.
messages: Isoform 1 is testis-specific. Isoform 2 is expressed in heart, brain, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, lung, liver and testis. Isoform 3 is expressed in heart, liver, and kidney.
messages: May be involved in spermatogenesis.
messages: Membrane

10090:Evx2
gene id: 10090:Evx2
uniprot id: P49749
uniprot id: Q6P7W9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the even-skipped homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Brinp2
gene id: 10090:Brinp2
uniprot id: Q6DFY8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BRINP family.
messages: Inhibits neuronal cell proliferation by negative regulation of the cell cycle transition.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated upon differentiation into neuronal cells in the presence of retinoic acid and BDNF. Down-regulated upon differentiation into astroglial cells.
messages: Weakly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Strongly expressed in ES-derived neural stem cells (NSCs).

10090:Gbf1
gene id: 10090:Gbf1
uniprot id: Q6DFZ1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Gm45927
gene id: 10090:Gm45927
uniprot id: B2M0S2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SCAMP family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tsg101
gene id: 10090:Tsg101
uniprot id: Q3UCW0
uniprot id: Q61187
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UEV subfamily.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, a VPS37 protein (VPS37A to -D) and MVB12A or MVB12B in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with VPS37A, VPS37B and VPS37C. Component of an ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, VPS37A and UBAP1 in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with DMAP1 (PubMed:10888872). Interacts with GMCL (PubMed:12927808). Interacts with ubiquitin, stathmin and AATF (By similarity). Interacts with HGS; the interaction mediates the association with the ESCRT-0 complex (PubMed:12802020). Interacts with GGA1 and GGA3. Interacts (via UEV domain) with PDCD6IP/AIP1. Interacts with VPS28, SNF8 and VPS36. Self-associates. Interacts with MVB12A; the association appears to be mediated by the TSG101-VPS37 binary subcomplex. Interacts with VPS37D. Interacts with LRSAM1. Interacts with CEP55; the interaction is required for cytokinesis (By similarity). Interacts with PDCD6. Interacts with LITAF (By similarity). Interacts with murine leukemia virus Gag polyprotein (via PSAP motif) (PubMed:15908698). Interacts with MGRN1 (PubMed:19703557). Interacts with ARRDC1; recruits TSG101 to the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process. Binds to ubiquitinated cargo proteins and is required for the sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Mediates the association between the ESCRT-0 and ESCRT-I complex. Required for completion of cytokinesis; the function requires CEP55. May be involved in cell growth and differentiation. Acts as a negative growth regulator. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity). It may also play a role in the extracellular release of microvesicles that differ from the exosomes (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at all stages of mammary gland development, but at lower rate at early and mid pregnancy. Expressed in 1-cell and 2-cell stage embryos.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Midbody ring
messages: Monoubiquitinated at multiple sites by LRSAM1 and by MGRN1. Ubiquitination inactivates it, possibly by regulating its shuttling between an active membrane-bound protein and an inactive soluble form. Ubiquitination by MGRN1 requires the presence of UBE2D1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The UEV domain is required for the interaction of the complex with ubiquitin.
messages: The coiled coil domain may interact with stathmin.
messages: Ubiquitous. Higher expression in brain and mammary gland. Lower expression in liver and tumoral tissues.
messages: centrosome

10090:Nrp1
gene id: 10090:Nrp1
uniprot id: P97333
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neuropilin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with NRP2 (By similarity). Binds PLXNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with FER (PubMed:20133938). Interacts with VEGFA (PubMed:26503042). Interacts with ABCB8/MITOSUR in mitochondria (By similarity).
messages: Knockout embryos display higher susceptibility to oxidative stress in endothelium cells located in the intersomitic vessels.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Nervous system.
messages: Receptor involved in the development of the cardiovascular system, in angiogenesis, in the formation of certain neuronal circuits and in organogenesis outside the nervous system (By similarity). Mediates the chemorepulsant activity of semaphorins (PubMed:26503042). Recognizes a C-end rule (CendR) motif R/KXXR/K on its ligands which causes cellular internalization and vascular leakage (By similarity). Binds to semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A), the PLGF-2 isoform of PGF, the VEGF165 isoform of VEGFA and VEGFB (By similarity). Coexpression with KDR results in increased VEGF165 binding to KDR as well as increased chemotaxis. Regulates VEGF-induced angiogenesis (By similarity). Binding to VEGFA initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development (PubMed:26503042). Regulates mitochondrial iron transport via interaction with ABCB8/MITOSUR (By similarity).
messages: The tandem CUB domains mediate binding to semaphorin, while the tandem F5/8 domains are responsible for heparin and VEGF binding. F5/8 domains mediate the recognition and binding to R/KXXR/K CendR motifs.

10090:Aph1a
gene id: 10090:Aph1a
uniprot id: Q6GTF1
uniprot id: Q8BVF7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APH-1 family.
messages: Component of the gamma-secretase complex.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Full embryonic lethality. No live homozygous embryos are present after 11 dpc.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid-beta precursor protein) (PubMed:15634781, PubMed:19369254). Required for normal gamma-secretase assembly (PubMed:15634781, PubMed:19369254). The gamma-secretase complex plays a role in Notch and Wnt signaling cascades and regulation of downstream processes via its role in processing key regulatory proteins, and by regulating cytosolic CTNNB1 levels (Probable).
messages: Potential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral proteins such as Notch receptors.
messages: The functional gamma-secretase complex is composed of at least four polypeptides: a presenilin homodimer (PSEN1 or PSEN2), nicastrin (NCSTN), APH1 (APH1A or APH1B) and PSENEN/PEN2.

10090:Tex52
gene id: 10090:Tex52
uniprot id: Q3TTI8
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in Testis.

10090:Cxcl10
gene id: 10090:Cxcl10
uniprot id: P17515
uniprot id: Q548V9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By interferon gamma.
messages: CXCL10-deficient mice possess a significantly reduced or delayed infiltration of NK and HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells into herpes virus-infected tissue. In consequence, the antiviral response is delayed.
messages: Expressed in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and liver (PubMed:8145049). Expressed in astrocytes, microglia, and neurons (PubMed:15456824).
messages: Monomer, dimer, and tetramer (PubMed:18560148). Interacts with CXCR3 (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects (By similarity) (PubMed:28623423). Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (PubMed:18624292, PubMed:19017990, PubMed:28468883). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization. In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation (By similarity). Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis also plays an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (PubMed:15456824).
messages: Secreted

10090:Grik5
gene id: 10090:Grik5
uniprot id: Q61626
uniprot id: Q80WU3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIK5 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system.
messages: Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds kainate > quisqualate = glutamate >> AMPA.
messages: Tetramer of two or more different subunits. Associates with GRIK1 (both edited and unedited versions), GRIK2, or GRIK3 to form functional channels. Homomeric associations do not produce any channel activity (By similarity).

10090:Tars2
gene id: 10090:Tars2
uniprot id: E9Q7H6
uniprot id: Q3UQ84
uniprot id: Q922A3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of threonine to tRNA(Thr) in a two-step reaction: threonine is first activated by ATP to form Thr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Thr). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Thr) via its editing domain.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Acox1
gene id: 10090:Acox1
uniprot id: Q9R0H0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family.
messages: Highest levels of isoform 1 are found in liver and kidney while highest levels of isoform 2 are found in white adipose tissue. Isoform 1 is expressed at higher levels than isoform 2 in liver and kidney while isoform 2 is expressed at higher levels in brain, heart, lung, muscle, white adipose tissue and testis.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with LONP2 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids. Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs such as palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA) to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs) such as (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA, and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).
messages: Is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards long-chain acyl-CoAs.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Severe microvesicular hepatic steatosis, sustained activation of Ppara, spontaneous massive peroxisome proliferation and eventual development of hepatocellular carcinomas (PubMed:20195242). Null mice have strikingly increased levels of both n-3 and n-6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (over twenty-four (24) carbons long) (PubMed:11855929).
messages: Shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs. Shows optimum activity with a chain length of 10 carbons (decanoyl-CoA) in vitro.

10090:Zswim2
gene id: 10090:Zswim2
uniprot id: Q9D9X6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Dimer. Interacts with UBE2D1.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the regulation of Fas-, DR3- and DR4-mediated apoptosis. Functions in conjunction with the UBE2D1, UBE2D3 and UBE2E1 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes.
messages: Expressed only in testis.
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Polyubiquitination is followed by degradation via the proteasome.
messages: The SWIM-type zinc finger is required for ubiquitination activity.

10090:Or8j3b
gene id: 10090:Or8j3b
uniprot id: Q7TR75
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zbtb7a
gene id: 10090:Zbtb7a
uniprot id: O88939
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Death around 16.5 dpc because of severe anemia with a profound block in early B-cell development (PubMed:17495164). Conditional knockout in erythroid cells, leads to the expression of fetal globin in peripheral blood of adult mice and inefficient erythroid terminal differentiation (PubMed:26816381).
messages: Expressed at 9.5-10.0 dpc in limb buds, pharyngeal arches, tail bud, placenta and neural tube (PubMed:9927193). Up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation (PubMed:14701838).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with BCL6 (PubMed:9927193). Interacts with RELA; involved in the control by RELA of the accessibility of target gene promoters (PubMed:29813070). Interacts with AR (via NR LBD domain); the interaction is direct and androgen-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with NCOR1 (By similarity). Interacts with NCOR2 (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD4; the interaction is direct and stimulated by TGFB1 (By similarity). Interacts with HDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with SP1; ZBTB7A prevents the binding to GC-rich motifs in promoters and represses the transcriptional activity of SP1 (By similarity). Interacts with the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex/DNA-PKc (PubMed:26446488). Interacts with KHDRBS1; negatively regulates KHDRBS1 splicing activity (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated. Undergoes sumoylation with SUMO1 that may regulate its transcriptional activity.
messages: The BTB domain mediates the interaction with the androgen receptor/AR and HDAC1. Also mediates the interaction with SP1.
messages: Transcription factor that represses the transcription of a wide range of genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:15337766, PubMed:15662416, PubMed:17495164, PubMed:26816381, PubMed:29813070). Directly and specifically binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[GA][CA]GACCCCCCCCC-3' and represses transcription both by regulating the organization of chromatin and through the direct recruitment of transcription factors to gene regulatory regions (PubMed:15337766, PubMed:15662416, PubMed:26816381, PubMed:29813070). Negatively regulates SMAD4 transcriptional activity in the TGF-beta signaling pathway through these two mechanisms (By similarity). That is, recruits the chromatin regulator HDAC1 to the SMAD4-DNA complex and in parallel prevents the recruitment of the transcriptional activators CREBBP and EP300 (By similarity). Collaborates with transcription factors like RELA to modify the accessibility of gene transcription regulatory regions to secondary transcription factors (PubMed:29813070). Also directly interacts with transcription factors like SP1 to prevent their binding to DNA (By similarity). Functions as an androgen receptor/AR transcriptional corepressor by recruiting NCOR1 and NCOR2 to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes (By similarity). Thereby, negatively regulates androgen receptor signaling and androgen-induced cell proliferation (By similarity). Involved in the switch between fetal and adult globin expression during erythroid cells maturation (PubMed:26816381). Through its interaction with the NuRD complex regulates chromatin at the fetal globin genes to repress their transcription (PubMed:26816381). Specifically represses the transcription of the tumor suppressor ARF isoform from the CDKN2A gene (PubMed:15662416). Efficiently abrogates E2F1-dependent CDKN2A transactivation (PubMed:15662416). Regulates chondrogenesis through the transcriptional repression of specific genes via a mechanism that also requires histone deacety…
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:9927193). In normal thymus, expressed in medullary epithelial cells and Hassle's corpuscles (at protein level) (PubMed:15662416). In the spleen, mainly expressed in the white pulp germinal centers (at protein level) (PubMed:15662416). Up-regulated in thymic lymphomas (PubMed:15662416).

10090:Cdh12
gene id: 10090:Cdh12
uniprot id: Q5RJH3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Tmem161a
gene id: 10090:Tmem161a
uniprot id: Q8VCA6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM161 family.
messages: May play a role in protection against oxidative stress. Overexpression leads to reduced levels of oxidant-induced DNA damage and apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Chrm3
gene id: 10090:Chrm3
uniprot id: Q542R4
uniprot id: Q9ERZ3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily. CHRM3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in cerebral cortex, submandibular gland, hypothalamus, pancreas, liver, and ileum.
messages: Homodimer; the dimers can form tetramers (By similarity). Interacts with NALCN (PubMed:19575010). Interacts with TMEM147 (By similarity).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.

10090:Tbc1d15
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d15
uniprot id: Q9CXF4
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a GTPase activating protein for RAB7A. Does not act on RAB4, RAB5 or RAB6.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with non-phosphorylated form of RAB8A; phosphorylation of RAB8A at 'Thr-72' disrupts this interaction (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC12 (By similarity).
messages: PubMed:16055087 showns that TBC1D15 can also functions as GTPase activating for RAB11 at a lower extent than for RAB7A, however this function is not confirmed by PubMed:20363736.
messages: Ubiquitous, with highest expression in heart, liver and testis and lower expression in brain, spleen, lung, kidney and skeletal muscle.

10090:Zhx2
gene id: 10090:Zhx2
uniprot id: Q8C0C0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor (PubMed:19515908). Represses the promoter activity of the CDC25C gene stimulated by NFYA (By similarity). May play a role in retinal development where it regulates the composition of bipolar cell populations, by promoting differentiation of bipolar OFF-type cells (PubMed:30146259). In the brain, may promote maintenance and suppress differentiation of neural progenitor cells in the developing cortex (PubMed:19515908).
messages: Belongs to the ZHX family.
messages: Expressed in retina where it localizes to Muller glial cells of the inner nuclear layer (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). Detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis (PubMed:14659886).
messages: Homodimer (via homeobox domain 1) (By similarity). Heterodimer with ZHX1 (via homeobox domain 1) (By similarity). Heterodimer with ZHX3 (via homeobox domain 1) (By similarity). Heterodimerization with ZHX1 is not necessary for repressor activity (By similarity). Interacts (via homeobox domain) with NFYA (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with EFNB1 intracellular domain peptide; the interaction enhances ZHX2 transcriptional repression activity (PubMed:19515908).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly expressed in retina from embryonic stages 14.5 dpc to 17.5 dpc, where it is widely detected in retinal progenitor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). Expression then gradually declines and stabilizes at a low level by postnatal day 10 (P10) (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). At P0, expression refines to the inner half of the neuroblastic layer (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). Expression further refines to the retinal inner nuclear layer from stage P3 onwards (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). Detected in bipolar OFF-type cells at stage P7 (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). By stage P10, has only weak expression in bipolar OFF-type cells but strong expression in Muller glial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:30146259). Detected in brain at embryonic stages 12.5 dpc to 15.5 dpc, specifically in the ventricular zone and subventricular zone of the cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:19515908). Probably localizes to neural progenitor cells in the developing cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:19515908).

10090:Tpst2
gene id: 10090:Tpst2
uniprot id: O88856
uniprot id: Q3TQN1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein sulfotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the O-sulfation of tyrosine residues within acidic motifs of polypeptides, using 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as cosubstrate.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer. Can also form heterodimers with TPST1.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Substrate peptides must be flexible in order to adopt an L-shaped conformation in the deep binding cleft.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Fat2
gene id: 10090:Fat2
uniprot id: Q5F226
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Involved in the regulation of cell migration (By similarity). May be involved in mediating the organization of the parallel fibers of granule cells during cerebellar development (By similarity).
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:H3c6
gene id: 10090:H3c6
uniprot id: B9EI85
uniprot id: P84228
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Alg11
gene id: 10090:Alg11
uniprot id: A0A077K846
uniprot id: Q3TZM9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mannosyltransferase involved in the last steps of the synthesis of Man5GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol core oligosaccharide on the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum. Catalyzes the addition of the 4th and 5th mannose residues to the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide chain (By similarity).
messages: Required for N-linked oligosaccharide assembly.

10090:Acta2
gene id: 10090:Acta2
uniprot id: P62737
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Expressed in the liver (at protein level).
messages: In vertebrates 3 main groups of actin isoforms, alpha, beta and gamma have been identified. The alpha actins are found in muscle tissues and are a major constituent of the contractile apparatus. The beta and gamma actins coexist in most cell types as components of the cytoskeleton and as mediators of internal cell motility.
messages: Induced by S.japonicum egg-mediated liver fibrosis at the site of egg granulomas; expression peakes at 12 weeks post infection with expression decreasing thereafter.
messages: Methylated at His-75 by SETD3.
messages: Monomethylation at Lys-86 (K84me1) regulates actin-myosin interaction and actomyosin-dependent processes. Demethylation by ALKBH4 is required for maintaining actomyosin dynamics supporting normal cleavage furrow ingression during cytokinesis and cell migration (By similarity).
messages: N-terminal cleavage of acetylated cysteine of intermediate muscle actin by ACTMAP.
messages: Oxidation of Met-46 and Met-49 by MICALs (MICAL1, MICAL2 or MICAL3) to form methionine sulfoxide promotes actin filament depolymerization. MICAL1 and MICAL2 produce the (R)-S-oxide form. The (R)-S-oxide form is reverted by MSRB1 and MSRB2, which promotes actin repolymerization.
messages: Polymerization of globular actin (G-actin) leads to a structural filament (F-actin) in the form of a two-stranded helix. Each actin can bind to 4 others.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Grpr
gene id: 10090:Grpr
uniprot id: P21729
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in pancreas and brain (PubMed:1671171, PubMed:9345264). Detected in suprachaismatic nucleus neurons (PubMed:28280205). Detected in neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (PubMed:17653196). Detected in inhibitory GABAergic interneurons in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (PubMed:12526815). Detected in approximately 160 neurons of the pre-Botzinger complex (PubMed:26855425). Within the pre-Botzinger complex, there is some overlap with neurons expressing Nmbr with some cells expressing only Grpr or Nmbr while some cells express both (PubMed:26855425). Detected in cells throughout the cortex where it is coexpressed in most of these cells with vasointestinal peptide (VIP) (PubMed:34610277).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:9345264). They do not decrease their food intake in response to gastrin-releasing peptide (PubMed:12176666). Mice consume more food per meal, but the overall food intake per day remains unchanged (PubMed:12176666). Still, they display increased body weight relative to wild-type (PubMed:12176666). Contrary to wild-type mice, their body temperature remains nearly constant when exposed to cold (4 degrees Celsius) after intracerebroventricular injection of gastrin-releasing peptide (PubMed:9345264). Mutant mice show increased locomotor activity and increased social interactions (PubMed:9345264). They do not show any change in the perception of painful stimuli, but show reduced scratching in response to pruritogenic treatments (PubMed:17653196). Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display imitative scratching after observing spontaneous scratching behavior in another mouse (PubMed:28280205). In one study, mutant mice display normal performance in a water maze, but show decreased inhibition of principal neurons by the interneurons, enhanced long-term potentiation (LTP), and greater and more persistent long-term fear memory (PubMed:12526815). Another study showed that mutants display reduced long-term fear memory (PubMed:34610277). Reduced basal sigh rate (PubMed:26855425). Conditional knockout in the auditory cortex results in diminished auditory fear memories with no significant effect on auditory discrimination (PubMed:34610277).
messages: Receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) (PubMed:1671171, PubMed:1707129, PubMed:9345264, PubMed:12526815, PubMed:26658875). Signals via association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, resulting in Akt phosphorylation (PubMed:26658875). Contributes to the regulation of food intake (PubMed:12176666). Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior, but does not play a role in the perception of pain (PubMed:28280205, PubMed:17653196, PubMed:26658875). Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation (PubMed:28280205). In one study, shown to act in the amygdala as part of an inhibitory network which inhibits memory specifically related to learned fear (PubMed:12526815). In another study, shown to contribute to disinhibition of glutamatergic cells in the auditory cortex via signaling on vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing cells which leads to enhanced auditory fear memories (PubMed:34610277). Contributes to the induction of sighing through signaling in the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (PubMed:26855425).

10090:Marchf4
gene id: 10090:Marchf4
uniprot id: Q80TE3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may mediate ubiquitination of MHC-I and CD4, and promote their subsequent endocytosis and sorting to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: The RING-CH-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.

10090:Enah
gene id: 10090:Enah
uniprot id: A0A0A6YW06
uniprot id: E9QKQ9
uniprot id: E9QLZ9
uniprot id: Q03173
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 8.5 dpc, particularly enriched in the neuroepithelium, the forebrain and the somites. Highly expressed in the edges of the neural folds. By 10.5 dpc, detected in the brain, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), somites and limb buds. Highly expressed in the branchial and pharyngeal arches, neural crest-derived structures that give rise to portions of the face and neck. At 11 dpc, isoform 2, isoform 3 and isoform 5 are expressed in embryonic brain (at protein level). Expression of isoform 3 decreases steadily and becomes almost undetectable by 16 dpc, while expression of isoform 5 begins to increase from 13 dpc and peaks between 16 and 18 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the Ena/VASP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ena/VASP proteins are actin-associated proteins involved in a range of processes dependent on cytoskeleton remodeling and cell polarity such as axon guidance and lamellipodial and filopodial dynamics in migrating cells. ENAH induces the formation of F-actin rich outgrowths in fibroblasts. Acts synergistically with BAIAP2-alpha and downstream of NTN1 to promote filipodia formation.
messages: Expressed in heart and testis, lower levels in lung, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas and brain. Isoform 5 is expressed exclusively in the brain. Isoform 2 is expressed predominantly in brain, testis, ovary and fat. In the brain, isoforms 2 and 5 are expressed at highest levels in the hippocampus, cortex and midbrain, and at lowest levels in the striatum and cerebellum. Isoform 6 is expressed in brain and spleen.
messages: Homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts with APBB1IP, APBB1, PFN1 and ROBO4. Isoforms, containing the polyproline-rich regions with PPLP motifs, bind the WW domain of APBB1IP. Isoforms, containing the PPSY motif, bind, in vitro, to the WW2 and WW3 domains of NEDD4 and to the WW1 domain of YAP1. Binds the SH3 domain of BAIAP2-alpha but only after the autoinhibitory region of BAIAP2-alpha has been blocked by interaction with CDC42. Interacts, via the EVH1/WH1 domain, with the Pro-rich domains from VCL, ZYX and Listeria monocytogenes actA and with TES (via LIM domain). The TES LIM domain and the Pro-rich domains from VCL or ZYX compete for the same binding site. Interaction with ZYX is important for targeting ENAH to focal adhesions and enhances production of actin-rich structures at the apical surface of cells. Binds GPHN. Heterotrimer with TES and ACTL7A (By similarity). Interacts with FAT1 (via EVH1 domains) (PubMed:15148305). Interacts, through the Pro-rich region, with the C-terminal SH3 domain of DNMPB (PubMed:14506234) (Probable). Interacts with PRPF40A (PubMed:9171351).
messages: Mutant animals are viable and recovered in the appropriate Mendelian ratios. they are smaller than their littermates until adulthood and exhibit abnormal cage behavior, including reduced activity.
messages: NTN1-induced PKA phosphorylation on Ser-255 directly parallels the formation of filopodial protrusions.
messages: Phosphorylated during neural development.
messages: Required to transform actin polymerization into active movement for the propulsive force of Listeria monocytogenes.
messages: Synapse
messages: The EVH2 domain is comprised of 3 regions. Block A is a thymosin-like domain required for G-actin binding. The KLKR motif within this block is essential for the G-actin binding and for actin polymerization. Block B is required for F-actin binding and subcellular location, and Block C for tetramerization.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Cyyr1
gene id: 10090:Cyyr1
uniprot id: Q8VIH7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CYYR1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Smchd1
gene id: 10090:Smchd1
uniprot id: Q6P5D8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Atypical member of the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein family (PubMed:26733688, PubMed:27059856). Like other members of the SMC family, has ATPase activity, which is probably necessary for its engagement with chromatin, and a SMC hinge domain (PubMed:26733688, PubMed:27059856). However, the SMC hinge domain adopts an unconventional homodimeric arrangement augmented by an intermolecular coiled coil formed between the two monomers. This suggests that protein may assemble as a head-to-head parallel dimer without adopting a hairpin shape at the hinge domain, unlike the dimeric arrangement conventionally found in other members of the SMC protein family (PubMed:26733688). The SMC hinge domain binds DNA and RNA (PubMed:26091879).
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. Highly divergent.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Defects in Smchd1 are the cause of the MommeD1 (modifier of murine metastable epialleles) phenotype, a semi-dominant suppressor of variegation (PubMed:18425126, PubMed:21553025). Mice display female-specific mid-gestation lethality and hypomethylation of the X-linked gene Hprt1, due to defects in X inactivation (PubMed:18425126, PubMed:21553025, PubMed:23754746). Mice do not show defects on telomeres length (PubMed:18425126, PubMed:21553025). Male mice are less affected, with some surviving to become fertile adults on the FVB/n genetic background (PubMed:18425126). On other genetic backgrounds, all males lacking die perinatally (PubMed:18425126). A subset of clustered autosomal loci display hypomethylation and derepression (PubMed:23754746, PubMed:23819640, PubMed:28587678).
messages: During embryogenesis, specifically expressed in immature olfactory sensory neurons.
messages: Expressed in the nasal placodes and optic vesicles at day 9.5 dpc and in the nasal epithelium at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:28067911). Expressed in the nasal cavity in 14.5 dpc animals (PubMed:28067911).
messages: Expression is repressed by CDX2.
messages: Homodimer; homodimerizes via its SMC hinge domain (PubMed:26391951, PubMed:26733688, PubMed:27059856). Interacts with LRIF1 (PubMed:26391951).
messages: Non-canonical member of the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein family that plays a key role in epigenetic silencing by regulating chromatin architecture (PubMed:26091879, PubMed:29887375). Promotes heterochromatin formation in both autosomes and chromosome X, probably by mediating the merge of chromatin compartments (PubMed:23754746, PubMed:23819640, PubMed:26391951, PubMed:28587678, PubMed:29887375). Plays a key role in chromosome X inactivation in females by promoting the spreading of heterochromatin (PubMed:18425126, PubMed:22841499, PubMed:26391951, PubMed:29887375). Recruited to inactivated chromosome X by Xist RNA and acts by mediating the merge of chromatin compartments: promotes random chromatin interactions that span the boundaries of existing structures, leading to create a compartment-less architecture typical of inactivated chromosome X (PubMed:29887375). Required to facilitate Xist RNA spreading (PubMed:29887375). Also required for silencing of a subset of clustered autosomal loci in somatic cells, such as the DUX4 locus (PubMed:23754746, PubMed:23819640, PubMed:28587678). Has ATPase activity; may participate in structural manipulation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent manner as part of its role in gene expression regulation (PubMed:26391951, PubMed:27059856). Also plays a role in DNA repair: localizes to sites of DNA double-strand breaks in response to DNA damage to promote the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (By similarity). Acts by promoting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and inhibiting homologous recombination (HR) repair (By similarity). Required during preimplantation development, probably acts by regulating chromatin architecture (PubMed:29900695).
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.

10090:Pierce2
gene id: 10090:Pierce2
uniprot id: V9GXK1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PIERCE2 family.
messages: Interacts with CFAP53, ODAD1 and ODAD3; the interactions link the outer dynein arms docking complex (ODA-DC) to the internal microtubule inner proteins (MIP) in cilium axoneme.
messages: Microtubule inner protein involved in the attachment of outer dynein arms (ODAs) to dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: Mutants born at the expected frequency (PubMed:34715025). At 8 dpc, they have a reduced beat frequency of nodal cilia (PubMed:34715025). The motility of tracheal cilia in adult mice is also affected (PubMed:34715025). 25% of tracheal cilia axonemes have missing dynein arms (PubMed:34715025). Double PIERCE1 and PIERCE2 mutants show high levels of embryonic and pre-weaning lethality. The few mice that survive birth display hydrocephalus and laterality abnormalities, dying by 20 days of age (PubMed:34715025).
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Sdhaf4
gene id: 10090:Sdhaf4
uniprot id: Q8BTE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SDHAF4 family.
messages: Interacts with Sdha in its FAD-bound form.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol (PubMed:24954416). Binds to the flavoprotein subunit Sdha in its FAD-bound form, blocking the generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitating its assembly with the iron-sulfur protein subunit Sdhb into the SDH catalytic dimer (By similarity).

10090:Grn
gene id: 10090:Grn
uniprot id: P28798
uniprot id: Q3U9N4
uniprot id: Q544Y8
uniprot id: Q9D2V3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the granulin family.
messages: Cleaved by ELANE; proteolysis is blocked by SLPI and is concentration- and time-dependent and induces CXCL8/IL-8 production; granulin-3 and granulin-4 are resistant to ELANE (By similarity). Cleaved by CTSL in lysosome thus regulating the maturation and turnover of progranulin within the lysosome (PubMed:28835281).
messages: Highly expressed at the wound site and diminishes away from the wound. Not expressed in fibroblasts and endothelial cells in intact skin (PubMed:12524533). In adult brain, expressed primarily in neurons and in resting and reactive microglia (PubMed:23041626). Expressed in both neurons and microglia. Highly expressed in activated microglia in response to injury (PubMed:28541286). Expressed in macrophage (PubMed:27789271).
messages: Inhibits epithelial cell proliferation and induces epithelial cells to secrete IL-8.
messages: Injury-stimulated induction in the fibroblasts and endothelial cells and by inflammatory cells entering the wound (PubMed:12524533). Injury-stimulated induction in neurons (PubMed:28453791). Strongly induced in activated microglial cells that surround motor neurons after peripheral axonal injury, but not by astrocytes (PubMed:21092856). Up-regulated in response to a cortical injury. Up-regulated in activated glia during normal aging (PubMed:28541286). Induced in response to inflammation (PubMed:27789271).
messages: Lysosome
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Progranulin is secreted as a homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with SLPI; interaction protects progranulin from proteolysis (PubMed:12526812). Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with CTSD; stabilizes CTSD and increases its proteolytic activity. Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with SORT1; this interaction mediates endocytosis and lysosome delivery of progranulin; interaction occurs at the neuronal cell surface in a stressed nervous system (By similarity). Interacts with PSAP; facilitates lysosomal delivery of progranulin from the extracellular space and the biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:26370502). Forms a complex with PSAP and M6PR; PSAP bridges the binding between progranulin and M6PR. Forms a complex with PSAP and SORT1; progranulin bridges the interaction between PSAP and SORT1; facilitates lysosomal targeting of PSAP via SORT1; interaction enhances PSAP uptake in primary cortical neurons (By similarity). Interacts (via regions corresponding to granulin-2 and granulin-7 peptides) with GBA1; this interaction prevents aggregation of GBA1-SCARB2 complex via interaction with HSPA1A upon stress (PubMed:27789271). Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with HSPA1A; mediates recruitment of HSPA1A to GBA1 and prevents GBA1 aggregation in response to stress (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lysosomal function and as a growth factor involved in inflammation, wound healing and cell proliferation (PubMed:28073925, PubMed:8496151, PubMed:28541286, PubMed:28453791, PubMed:20026663, PubMed:23041626, PubMed:27789271, PubMed:12524533). Regulates protein trafficking to lysosomes and, also the activity of lysosomal enzymes (PubMed:28453791, PubMed:28541286, PubMed:27789271). Facilitates also the acidification of lysosomes, causing degradation of mature CTSD by CTSB (PubMed:28073925). In addition, functions as wound-related growth factor that acts directly on dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells to promote division, migration and the formation of capillary-like tubule structures (PubMed:12524533). Also promotes epithelial cell proliferation by blocking TNF-mediated neutrophil activation preventing release of oxidants and proteases (PubMed:8496151). Moreover, modulates inflammation in neurons by preserving neurons survival, axonal outgrowth and neuronal integrity (PubMed:23041626, PubMed:20026663).
messages: Stabilizes CTSD through interaction with CTSD leading to maintain its aspartic-type peptidase activity.
messages: Young-adult knockout mice are healthy and fertile, grow normally and show no abnormalities in hematogram or serum chemistries. However they show increased inflammation levels, impaired host defense, and neuropathology (PubMed:20026663). Knockout animals displays neuronal outgrowth deficit. They exhibit increased neuron death and microglial activation upon central nervous system injury (CNS). Conditional knockout mice exhibit a reduction in dopaminergic neurons and increased microgliosis after CNS injury (PubMed:23041626). In neurons, conditional knockout mice show a significant delay in axonal regrowth and functional recovery after crush (PubMed:28453791). At 2 months of age, knockout animals exhibit up-regulation of the expression level of many lysosomal proteins, including that of cathepsin B/CTSB, cathepsin L/CTSL, dipeptidyl peptidase 2/DPP7 and LAMP1. At 4 months of age, knockout mice show increased locomotor activity in the open-field behavior test as compared to wild-type animals. They are also less anxious and disinhibited than wild-type littermates. Retinal degeneration can be observed as early as 5 months of age (PubMed:20026663, PubMed:23041626, PubMed:28453791). Mice deficient in both PGRN and TMEM106B are born at normal Mendelian frequency and do not show any obvious growth defects or body weight changes. At around 3.5 months of age, the animals develop severe ataxia, hindlimb weakness, reduced motor activity, altered clasping behavior and eventually premature death. Neuronal loss and severe microglia and astrocyte activation are observed in the spinal cord, retina, and brain (PubMed:32761777, PubMed:32852886, PubMed:32929860). Myelin degeneration occurs in the spinal cord (PubMed:32761777). Drastic autophagy and lysosomal abnormalities, as well as other pathological changes related to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are observed (PubMed:32761777, PubMed:32852886, PubMed:32929860). Most studies consistently show th…

10090:Rtn4
gene id: 10090:Rtn4
uniprot id: Q99P72
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to RTN4R (By similarity). Interacts with ATL1 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM170A (By similarity). Interacts with RTN4IP1 (PubMed:12067236).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Developmental neurite growth regulatory factor with a role as a negative regulator of axon-axon adhesion and growth, and as a facilitator of neurite branching. Regulates neurite fasciculation, branching and extension in the developing nervous system (PubMed:20573699). Involved in down-regulation of growth, stabilization of wiring and restriction of plasticity in the adult CNS (By similarity). Regulates the radial migration of cortical neurons via an RTN4R-LINGO1 containing receptor complex (PubMed:20573699). Acts as a negative regulator of central nervous system angiogenesis. Inhibits spreading, migration and sprouting of primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs). Also induces the retraction of MVECs lamellipodia and filopodia in a ROCK pathway-dependent manner (PubMed:23625008).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at very low levels in neurons.
messages: Expressed in B-cells, bone marrow dendritic cells and macrophages (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in cardiomyocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:32075961). Expressed in splenocytes, T-cells, B-cells, bone marrow derived dendritic cells and macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:19805174, PubMed:25917084). Expressed in neurons (PubMed:23625008, PubMed:27786289). Highly expressed in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, including blood vessels and mesenteric arteries (PubMed:15034570, PubMed:26301690). Expressed in bronchial and alveolar epithelial cells as well as vascular endothelial cells of lungs (PubMed:26174362).
messages: Expressed in cardiomyocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:32075961). Highly expressed in brain but not deteceted in aorta, femoral and carotid arteries (PubMed:15034570). Main isoform expressed in neurons (PubMed:23625008, PubMed:27786289).
messages: Expressed in cardiomyocytes.
messages: Expressed in radial glial cells, migrating postmitotic as well as postmigratory neurons of the embryonic cortex (PubMed:20093372). Expression is down-regulated in the ganglion cell layer and in the plexiform layer of the retina at P8 (PubMed:20093372). Isoform B: expression increases in regenirating liver (PubMed:23299899).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with BAD/Bcl-xl and BCL2. Interact with RTN3 (By similarity). Interacts with NGBR (By similarity). Interacts with SPTLC1 (PubMed:26301690). Interacts with GRAMD4 (PubMed:25917084). Interacts with CDH5 (By similarity). Interacts with BACE1 and BACE2 (By similarity). Interacts with REEP5 (PubMed:32075961). Interacts with RETREG3 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts in trans with CNTNAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with REEP5 (PubMed:32075961).
messages: Interacts with BACE1 and BACE2 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM33 (By similarity).
messages: Isoform A mutant embryos show defects in the development of fore- and hindlimb innervation. Increased fasciculation and decreased branching of nerves innervating fore- and hindlimbs seen. Disturbances of the radial migration pattern of neuronal precursor cells seen in embryonic cortex (PubMed:20093372, PubMed:20573699). Isoform A mutants show increased density of blood vessels in postnatal brain, which is lost in adult brain (PubMed:23625008). Knockout mice for isoforms A and B are markedly hypotensive compared to control mice, with no significant increase of heart rate. They have mesenteric arteries thinner than controls (PubMed:26301690). Upon vascular injury mutants show markedly enhanced neointima formation and, in some cases, complete occlusion of the femoral artery (PubMed:15034570). Mutants for isoforms A and B show a marked reduction in neutrophil and monocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation (PubMed:21183689). Mutants for isoforms A and B are insensitive to stimulation with TLR9, TLR3 and TLR7 ligands (PubMed:25917084). Mutant mice for isoform C display improved cardiac function, smaller infarct area and less apoptotic cells after myocardial infarction (PubMed:27763637). Knockout mice show impaired responses to tissue injury (PubMed:19805174).
messages: Isoform C: expression is induced by hypoxic treatments or myocardial infarction (PubMed:27763637). Isoform C: is negatively regulated by the microRNA miR-182 (PubMed:27763637). Isoform B: expression is down-regulated by LPS in alveolar epithelium (PubMed:26174362). Isoform B: induced during tissue ischemia (PubMed:19805174). Isoform B2: induced during tissue ischemia (PubMed:19805174).
messages: Mainly function in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, is also involved in immune system regulation (Probable). Modulator of vascular remodeling, promotes the migration of endothelial cells but inhibits the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (PubMed:15034570). Regulates endothelial sphingolipid biosynthesis with direct effects on vascular function and blood pressure. Inhibits serine palmitoyltransferase, SPTLC1, the rate-limiting enzyme of the novo sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway, thereby controlling production of endothelial sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) (PubMed:26301690). Required to promote macrophage homing and functions such as cytokine/chemokine gene expression involved in angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and tissue repair (PubMed:19805174). Mediates ICAM1 induced transendothelial migration of leukocytes such as monocytes and neutrophils and acute inflammation (PubMed:21183689). Necessary for immune responses triggered by nucleic acid sensing TLRs, such as TLR9, is required for proper TLR9 location to endolysosomes (PubMed:25917084). Also involved in immune response to LPS (PubMed:26174362). Plays a role in liver regeneration through the modulation of hepatocytes proliferation (PubMed:23299899). Reduces the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-xl and Bcl-2. This is likely consecutive to their change in subcellular location, from the mitochondria to the endoplasmic reticulum, after binding and sequestration. With isoform C, inhibits BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing (By similarity).
messages: N-terminal part, called Am-Nogo-B(1-200), is the functional domain for RTN4B-mediated signaling in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells.
messages: Regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis upon hypoxic conditions (PubMed:27763637). With isoform B, inhibits BACE1 activity and amyloid precursor protein processing (By similarity).
messages: Required to induce the formation and stabilization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubules. They regulate membrane morphogenesis in the ER by promoting tubular ER production. They influence nuclear envelope expansion, nuclear pore complex formation and proper localization of inner nuclear membrane proteins. However each isoform have specific functions mainly depending on their tissue expression specificities.
messages: Three regions, residues 59-172, 544-725 and the loop 66 amino acids, between the two transmembrane domains, known as Nogo-66 loop, appear to be responsible for the inhibitory effect on neurite outgrowth and the spreading of neurons. This Nogo-66 loop, mediates also the binding of RTN4 to its receptor (By similarity).

10090:Capn1
gene id: 10090:Capn1
uniprot id: O35350
uniprot id: Q3TB79
uniprot id: Q3TI07
uniprot id: Q3UF24
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by micromolar concentrations of calcium and inhibited by calpastatin.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Binds 4 Ca(2+) ions.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction. Proteolytically cleaves CTBP1 at 'Asn-375', 'Gly-388' and 'His-410'. Cleaves and activates caspase-7 (CASP7).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a heterodimer with a small (regulatory) subunit CAPNS1.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Undergoes calcium-induced successive autoproteolytic cleavages that generate a membrane-bound 78 kDa active form and an intracellular 75 kDa active form. Calpastatin reduces with high efficiency the transition from 78 kDa to 75 kDa calpain forms (By similarity).

10090:Dennd4b
gene id: 10090:Dennd4b
uniprot id: Q3U1Y4
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB10. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form (By similarity).
messages: Wrong gene model based on unspliced pre-RNA.

10090:Tecrl
gene id: 10090:Tecrl
uniprot id: Q8BFZ1
uniprot id: Q8BWI9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At embryonic day 8.5 dpc, expressed in the developing heart with the strongest expression occurring in the inflow tract, especially in the left horn. At 9.5 dpc, expression is still detectable in the atria and ventricles, albeit at lower levels whereas strong expression remains in the inflow tract. From 10 dpc onwards, it is also expressed at low levels in somites, particularly in the myotome region, that gives rise to skeletal muscle. At 10.5 dpc, cardiac expression is no longer restricted to the inflow tract. At 14.5 dpc, it is expressed in the entire myocardium.
messages: Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expression is highest in the heart with very low to almost undetectable levels in brain, skeletal muscle, stomach, pancreas, liver, kidney, small intestine, and uterus.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam180a
gene id: 10090:Fam180a
uniprot id: Q8BR21
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM180 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ralgapa2
gene id: 10090:Ralgapa2
uniprot id: A3KGS3
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in testis, pancreas, lung, thymus, brown fat, and white fat.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the heterodimeric RalGAP2 complex which acts as a GTPase activator for the Ras-like small GTPases RALA and RALB.
messages: Component of the heterodimeric RalGAP2 complex with RALGAPB. Heterodimerization is required for activity (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Probable cloning artifact leading to erroneous C-terminus.

10090:Rpl7a
gene id: 10090:Rpl7a
uniprot id: P12970
uniprot id: Q58ET1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:19129230). Interacts with DICER1, AGO2, TARBP2, MOV10 and EIF6; they form a large RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) (By similarity).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the ribosome.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Oxgr1
gene id: 10090:Oxgr1
uniprot id: Q6IYF8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in the kidney with limited expression in the testis and the smooth muscle.
messages: Receptor for alpha-ketoglutarate. Seems to act exclusively through a G(q)-mediated pathway.

10090:Senp7
gene id: 10090:Senp7
uniprot id: E9Q1L5
uniprot id: Q8BUH8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C48 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Protease that acts as a positive regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway by catalyzing desumoylation of CGAS (PubMed:28095500). Desumoylation of CGAS promotes DNA-binding activity of CGAS, subsequent oligomerization and activation (PubMed:28095500). Deconjugates SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, but not SUMO1 (By similarity). Catalyzes the deconjugation of poly-SUMO2 and poly-SUMO3 chains (By similarity). Has very low efficiency in processing full-length SUMO proteins to their mature forms (By similarity).

10090:Zc3h3
gene id: 10090:Zc3h3
uniprot id: Q8CHP0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with SMAD1, SMAD3, SMAD4, CPSF2 and CPSF3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for the export of polyadenylated mRNAs from the nucleus (By similarity). Enhances ACVR1B-induced SMAD-dependent transcription. Binds to single-stranded DNA but not to double-stranded DNA in vitro. Involved in RNA cleavage (PubMed:16115198).

10090:Pou2af3
gene id: 10090:Pou2af3
uniprot id: F8VPY8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU2AF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in tuft cells.
messages: In the N-terminus possesses a conserved OCA domain for bivalent binding to class II POU domain-containing transcription factors and to an octamer DNA motif (5'-ATGAAAT-3').
messages: Interacts with POU2F3 in a DNA-dependent manner; this interaction increases POU2F3 transactivation activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional coactivator that specifically associates with POU2F3. This complex drives the development of tuft cells, a rare a rare chemosensory cells that coordinate immune and neural functions within mucosal epithelial tissues.

10090:Pax1
gene id: 10090:Pax1
uniprot id: P09084
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus
messages: This protein is a transcriptional activator. It may play a role in the formation of segmented structures of the embryo. May play an important role in the normal development of the vertebral column.
messages: Undulated (un) homozygous mice exhibits vertebral malformations along the entire rostro-caudal axis. This is due to a single mutation in the paired box region.

10090:Rprml
gene id: 10090:Rprml
uniprot id: Q3URD2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the reprimo family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Glt8d2
gene id: 10090:Glt8d2
uniprot id: Q640P4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Or1n2
gene id: 10090:Or1n2
uniprot id: Q8VGJ8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Srrm4
gene id: 10090:Srrm4
uniprot id: Q8BKA3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: About 85% of the mutant mice die in the first few hours after birth and few surviving animals display balance defects and exhibit persistent tremors. Mice show impaired development of the central and peripheral nervous systems in part by disrupting neurite outgrowth, cortical layering in the forebrain, and axon guidance in the corpus callosum.
messages: Belongs to the nSR100 family.
messages: Expressed in both the central and peripheral nervous system in developing mice.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Specifically expressed in neuronal cells (at protein level). Expressed in adult nervous system and sensory organ tissues.
messages: Splicing factor specifically required for neural cell differentiation. Acts in conjunction with nPTB/PTBP2 by binding directly to its regulated target transcripts and promotes neural-specific exon inclusion in many genes that function in neural cell differentiation. Required to promote the inclusion of neural-specific exon 10 in nPTB/PTBP2, leading to increased expression of neural-specific nPTB/PTBP2. Also promotes the inclusion of exon 16 in DAAM1 in neuron extracts (PubMed:19737518). Promotes alternative splicing of REST transcripts to produce REST isoform 2 (REST4) with greatly reduced repressive activity, thereby activating expression of REST targets in neural cells (PubMed:21884984). Plays an important role during embryonic development as well as in the proper functioning of the adult nervous system. Regulates alternative splicing events in genes with important neuronal functions (PubMed:25838543).

10090:Scml4
gene id: 10090:Scml4
uniprot id: Q3UR41
uniprot id: Q80VG1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SCM family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative Polycomb group (PcG) protein. PcG proteins act by forming multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout development (By similarity).

10090:Or8g17
gene id: 10090:Or8g17
uniprot id: Q60884
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Slc5a12
gene id: 10090:Slc5a12
uniprot id: B9EJ03
uniprot id: Q49B93
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an electroneutral and low-affinity sodium (Na(+))-dependent sodium-coupled solute transporter. Catalyzes the transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, nicotinate, propionate, butyrate and beta-D-hydroxybutyrate. May be responsible for the first step of reabsorption of monocarboxylates from the lumen of the proximal tubule of the kidney and the small intestine. May play also a role in monocarboxylates transport in the retina. Mediates electroneutral uptake of lactate, with a stoichiometry of 2 Na(+) for each lactate.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the cortical region of the kidney corresponding to the proximal tubule. Expressed in Mueller cells of the inner retina (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the retina, kidney, small intestine and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is not detected in the kidney, small intestine and skeletal muscle. In the kidney, expressed predominantly in tubular epithelial cells of the cortical region and in the convoluted portions of the proximal tubule (pars convoluta). In the small intestine, its expression is highest in the proximal part and gradually decreased towards the distal end. Expressed in the neural retina. Not detected in the caecum and colon.
messages: Membrane
messages: Up-regulated by CEBPD.

10090:Nol9
gene id: 10090:Nol9
uniprot id: Q3TZX8
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Clp1 family. NOL9/GRC3 subfamily.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Interacts with PELP1, WDR18 and SENP3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polynucleotide 5'-kinase involved in rRNA processing. The kinase activity is required for the processing of the 32S precursor into 5.8S and 28S rRNAs, more specifically for the generation of the major 5.8S(S) form. In vitro, has both DNA and RNA 5'-kinase activities. Probably binds RNA (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Rhoj
gene id: 10090:Rhoj
uniprot id: Q9ER71
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in heart with moderate levels in lung and liver (PubMed:10967094). Very low levels detected in brain, spleen, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis (PubMed:10967094).
messages: Interacts with the CRIB domains of proteins such as Pak1 and Was/Wasp (PubMed:10967094). Interacts with GLUL (By similarity).
messages: Palmitoylated; regulates localization to the plasma membrane and may be mediated by GLUL.
messages: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase specifically involved in angiogenesis (By similarity). Required for endothelial cell migration during vascular development via its interaction with GLUL (By similarity). Elicits the formation of F-actin-rich structures, thereby regulating endothelial cell migration (PubMed:10967094).

10090:Ttc23
gene id: 10090:Ttc23
uniprot id: Q8CHY7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associated with the EvC complex composed of EFCAB7, IQCE, EVC2 and EVC.
messages: Participates positively in the ciliary Hedgehog (Hh) signaling.
messages: cilium

10090:Capsl
gene id: 10090:Capsl
uniprot id: Q6P8Y1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Nalf1
gene id: 10090:Nalf1
uniprot id: Q8CCS2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auxillary component of the NALCN sodium channel complex, a channel that regulates the resting membrane potential and controls neuronal excitability.
messages: Belongs to the NALF family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the NALCN channel complex (PubMed:33273469). NALCN complex consists of NALCN and auxiliary subunits, UNC79, UNC80 and NACL1. These auxiliary subunits are essential for the NALCN channel function (By similarity).

10090:Stk11
gene id: 10090:Stk11
uniprot id: Q9WTK7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated. Deacetylation at Lys-48 enhances cytoplasmic localization and kinase activity in vitro.
messages: Activated by forming a complex with STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): STRADA (or STRADB)-binding promotes a conformational change of STK11/LKB1 in an active conformation, which is stabilized by CAB39/MO25alpha (or CAB39L/MO25beta) interacting with the STK11/LKB1 activation loop. Sequestration in the nucleus by NR4A1 prevents it from phosphorylating and activating cytoplasmic AMPK (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. LKB1 subfamily.
messages: Catalytic component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity. Found in a ternary complex composed of SMAD4, STK11/LKB1 and STK11IP. Interacts with p53/TP53, SMAD4, STK11IP and WDR6. Interacts with NR4A1 (By similarity). Interacts with NISCH; this interaction may increase STK11 activity (By similarity). Interacts with PTEN, leading to PTEN phosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with SIRT1; the interaction deacetylates STK11 (By similarity). Interacts with CDKN1A.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in adult brain and liver and absent from tissues derived from postnatal day 7.
messages: Has a role in spermiogenesis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice die in utero 8.5 to 9.5 dpc due to severe defects in their vasculature: embryos show neural tube defects, mesenchymal cell death, and vascular abnormalities. Extraembryonic development is also severely affected; the mutant placentas exhibit defective labyrinth layer development and the fetal vessels fail to invade the placenta. Male mice specifically lacking isoform 2 are sterile (PubMed:18774945). A specifically deletion in liver results in hyperglycemia with increased gluconeogenic and lipogenic gene expression due to loss of AMPK phosphorylation and subsequent dephosphorylation of CRTC2/TORC2 (PubMed:16308421). Use of a conditional allele, leads to defects in defects in axon formation with a thinner cortical wall and larger lateral ventricles in the brain cortex (PubMed:17482548). Heterozygous mice develop multiple gastric adenomatous polyps, with polyps remarkably similar to hamartomas of PJS patients both macroscopically and histologically. Polyps in the heterozygous mice are detected at 5 months, and cause premature lethality progressively from 8 months onwards. Polyps are most frequently observed in the stomach where they typically concentrate close to the pylorus. Polyps in the small and large intestine are significantly less frequent. The histology of the polyps in the heterozygous mice is remarkably similar to PJS polyps including the relative contribution of well-differentiated epithelium, and a prominent smooth muscle component. Ptgs2/Cox2 is highly up-regulated in heterozygous mice polyps concomitantly with activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases Mapk1/Erk2 and Mapk3/Erk1: treatment with celecoxib Ptgs2/Cox2 inhibitor significantly reduces the total polyp burden.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ATM at Thr-366 following ionizing radiation (IR). Phosphorylation at Ser-431 by RPS6KA1 and/or some PKA is required to inhibit cell growth. Phosphorylation at Ser-431 is also required during neuronal polarization to mediate phosphorylation of BRSK1 and BRSK2. Phosphorylation by PKC/PRKCZ at Ser-399 in isoform 2 promotes metformin (or peroxynitrite)-induced nuclear export of STK11 and activation of AMPK. UV radiation-induced phosphorylation at Thr-366 mediates CDKN1A degradation.
messages: Predominantly expressed in testis (at protein level).
messages: Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase that controls the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) family members, thereby playing a role in various processes such as cell metabolism, cell polarity, apoptosis and DNA damage response. Acts by phosphorylating the T-loop of AMPK family proteins, thus promoting their activity: phosphorylates PRKAA1, PRKAA2, BRSK1, BRSK2, MARK1, MARK2, MARK3, MARK4, NUAK1, NUAK2, SIK1, SIK2, SIK3 and SNRK but not MELK. Also phosphorylates non-AMPK family proteins such as STRADA, PTEN and possibly p53/TP53. Acts as a key upstream regulator of AMPK by mediating phosphorylation and activation of AMPK catalytic subunits PRKAA1 and PRKAA2 and thereby regulates processes including: inhibition of signaling pathways that promote cell growth and proliferation when energy levels are low, glucose homeostasis in liver, activation of autophagy when cells undergo nutrient deprivation, and B-cell differentiation in the germinal center in response to DNA damage. Also acts as a regulator of cellular polarity by remodeling the actin cytoskeleton. Required for cortical neuron polarization by mediating phosphorylation and activation of BRSK1 and BRSK2, leading to axon initiation and specification. Involved in DNA damage response: interacts with p53/TP53 and recruited to the CDKN1A/WAF1 promoter to participate in transcription activation. Able to phosphorylate p53/TP53; the relevance of such result in vivo is however unclear and phosphorylation may be indirect and mediated by downstream STK11/LKB1 kinase NUAK1. Also acts as a mediator of p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis via interaction with p53/TP53: translocates to the mitochondrion during apoptosis and regulates p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis pathways. Regulates UV radiation-induced DNA damage response mediated by CDKN1A. In association with NUAK1, phosphorylates CDKN1A in response to UV radiation and contributes to its degradation which is necessary for optimal DNA repair (PubMed:25329316).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed 7-11 dpc. Present in nucleated embryonic blood cells from 9 dpc. Restricted to gastrointestinal tract, testis and lung from days 15-19 dpc.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Psd4
gene id: 10090:Psd4
uniprot id: Q8BLR5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 and ARL14/ARF7. Through ARL14 activation, controls the movement of MHC class II-containing vesicles along the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic cells. Involved in membrane recycling. Interacts with several phosphatidylinositol phosphate species, including phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (By similarity).
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Rnase2b
gene id: 10090:Rnase2b
uniprot id: O35292
uniprot id: W0UVC5
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: This is a non-secretory ribonuclease. It is a pyrimidine specific nuclease with a slight preference for U. Cytotoxin and helminthotoxin. Possesses a wide variety of biological activities.

10090:Apcs
gene id: 10090:Apcs
uniprot id: P12246
uniprot id: Q4JFI8
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pentraxin family.
messages: Binds 2 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Homopentamer. Pentaxin (or pentraxin) have a discoid arrangement of 5 non-covalently bound subunits.
messages: Homopentamer. Pentraxin (or pentaxin) have a discoid arrangement of 5 non-covalently bound subunits.
messages: SAP is a precursor of amyloid component P which is found in basement membrane and associated with amyloid deposits.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pals2
gene id: 10090:Pals2
uniprot id: B9EHZ5
uniprot id: Q3UN60
uniprot id: Q9JLB0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Interacts with CADM1. Interacts with the LIN7 proteins.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tbl3
gene id: 10090:Tbl3
uniprot id: Q8C4J7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Mbip
gene id: 10090:Mbip
uniprot id: Q99LQ1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1. In the complex, it probably interacts directly with KAT2A, KAT14 and WDR5.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibits the MAP3K12 activity to induce the activation of the JNK/SAPK pathway. Component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ddx19a
gene id: 10090:Ddx19a
uniprot id: Q61655
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in mRNA export from the nucleus. Rather than unwinding RNA duplexes, DDX19 functions as a remodeler of ribonucleoprotein particles, whereby proteins bound to nuclear mRNA are dissociated and replaced by cytoplasmic mRNA binding proteins.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX19/DBP5 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in testis, heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney.
messages: The N-terminal extension helix acts as an autoinhibitory domain, preventing ATP hydrolysis, unless the N-terminus of the protein is displaced by RNA binding, allowing cleft closure to bring key side chains into position for catalysis.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Tex43
gene id: 10090:Tex43
uniprot id: Q9D9I1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed predominantly in the testis.
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in flagellum axoneme, which is required for flagellum beating. May serve to reinforce and thus stabilize the microtubule structure in the sperm flagella (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of sperm motility (PubMed:34446558).
messages: No defects seen in the sperm morphology and the percentage of motile spermatozoa is comparable (PubMed:34446558). Howevwer, velocity parameters such as average path velocity, straight-line velocity, and curvilinear velocity are slightly decreased in the spermatozoa (PubMed:34446558).
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Rab1b
gene id: 10090:Rab1b
uniprot id: Q9D1G1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MICAL1 and MICAL2. Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICALCL, MICAL1 and MILCAL3. Interacts with GDI1; the interaction requires the GDP-bound state. Interacts with CHM/REP1; the interaction requires the GDP-bound form and is necessary for prenylation by GGTase II. Interacts with RabGAP TBC1D20 (By similarity). Interacts (in GDP-bound form) with lipid phosphatase MTMR6 (via GRAM domain); the interaction regulates MTMR6 recruitment to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (PubMed:23188820). Interacts (in GDP-bound form) with lipid phosphatase MTMR7 (PubMed:23188820).
messages: Membrane
messages: Preautophagosomal structure membrane
messages: Prenylated; by GGTase II, only after interaction of the substrate with Rab escort protein 1 (REP1).
messages: Rab activation is generally mediated by a guanine exchange factor (GEF), while inactivation through hydrolysis of bound GTP is catalyzed by a GTPase activating protein (GAP).
messages: Rab-1B binds GTP and GDP and possesses intrinsic GTPase activity.
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (By similarity). Plays a role in the initial events of the autophagic vacuole development which take place at specialized regions of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Regulates vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and successive Golgi compartments. Required to modulate the compacted morphology of the Golgi. Promotes the recruitment of lipid phosphatase MTMR6 to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cbfa2t2
gene id: 10090:Cbfa2t2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1D5
uniprot id: O70374
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CBFA2T family.
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem cells.
messages: First expression detected on embryonic day 11.5.
messages: Homooligomer. Homotetramerization is mediated by the NHR2 domain. Interacts with CBFA2T3/MTG16 (PubMed:19799863). Can interact with RUNX1T1/CBFA2T1. Heterotetramerization between members of the CBFA2T family is proposed (By similarity). Interacts with RBP, GFI1, TCF4, PRDM14 (PubMed:25398765, PubMed:18039847, PubMed:27281218). Interacts with TAL1 and CBFA2T3/MTG16; the heteromer with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may function in repression of TAL1 (PubMed:19799863).
messages: Loss of Mtgr1 impairs the maturation of secretory cells in the small intestine.
messages: Nervy homology region 2 (NHR2) mediates homo- and possibly heterotypic oligomerization by forming a four-helix bundle tetrameric structure.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for tumorigenesis in a AOM/DSS colitis-associated carcinoma model. May be involved in intestinal tumorigenesis.
messages: Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Via association with PRDM14 is involved in regulation of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Involved in primordial germ cell (PCG) formation (PubMed:27281218). Stabilizes PRDM14 and OCT4 on chromatin in a homooligomerization-dependent mannerCan repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner (By similarity). Through heteromerization with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may be involved in regulation of the proliferation and the differentiation of erythroid progenitors by repressing the expression of TAL1 target genes (PubMed:19799863). Required for the maintenance of the secretory cell lineage in the small intestine (PubMed:16227606). Can inhibit Notch signaling probably by association with RBPJ and may be involved in GFI1-mediated Paneth cell differentiation (PubMed:25398765).

10090:Cntln
gene id: 10090:Cntln
uniprot id: A2AM05
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Interacts with CEP250 and CEP68. Interacts with NEK2; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of CNTLN.
messages: Phosphorylated directly or indirectly by NEK2.
messages: Required for centrosome cohesion and recruitment of CEP68 to centrosomes.
messages: centriole

10090:Mpv17l2
gene id: 10090:Mpv17l2
uniprot id: Q8VIK2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2/4 family.
messages: Interacts with the large mitochondrial ribosomal subunit.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Required for the assembly and stability of the mitochondrial ribosome (By similarity). Is a positive regulator of mitochondrial protein synthesis (By similarity).

10090:Lce1i
gene id: 10090:Lce1i
uniprot id: Q9D6P5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:Tmprss4
gene id: 10090:Tmprss4
uniprot id: Q8VCA5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Plasma membrane-anchored serine protease that directly induces processing of pro-uPA/PLAU into the active form through proteolytic activity (By similarity). Seems to be capable of activating ENaC (PubMed:12149280).
messages: Proteolytically processed; probably by an autocatalytic mechanism.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ppm1n
gene id: 10090:Ppm1n
uniprot id: Q8BGL1
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.

10090:Or52z12
gene id: 10090:Or52z12
uniprot id: Q8VGA1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam83d
gene id: 10090:Fam83d
uniprot id: Q9D7I8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FBXW7; promotes FBXW7 degradation (By similarity). May interact with RAF1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIF22; recruits KIF22 to mitotic spindle microtubules (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with DYNLL1 (By similarity). Interacts with HMMR (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CSNK1A1/CK1a; in mitotic cells (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Through the degradation of FBXW7, may act indirectly on the expression and downstream signaling of MTOR, JUN and MYC (By similarity). May play also a role in cell proliferation through activation of the ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascade (By similarity). May also be important for proper chromosome congression and alignment during mitosis through its interaction with KIF22 (By similarity).
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Nppc
gene id: 10090:Nppc
uniprot id: Q544K5
uniprot id: Q61839
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the natriuretic peptide family.
messages: Degraded by IDE (in vitro).
messages: Hormone which plays a role in endochondral ossification through regulation of cartilaginous growth plate chondrocytes proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:11259675). May also be vasoactive and natriuretic (By similarity). Acts by specifically binding and stimulating NPR2 to produce cGMP (PubMed:12890708). Binds the clearance receptor NPR3 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable perinatally but less than half survive postnatally due to skeletal abnormalities. They display severe dwarfism which is the consequence of a defect in endochondral ossification.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mob4
gene id: 10090:Mob4
uniprot id: Q6PEB6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MOB1/phocein family.
messages: Binds STRN4 (By similarity). Interacts with DNM1 and EPS15 (By similarity). Interacts with nucleoside diphosphate kinase (By similarity). Binds STRN and STRN3. Part of a ternary complex containing MOB4/PHOCN, STRN and/or STRN3 and PPA2. Interacts with CTTNBP2 and CTTNBP2NL (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: May play a role in membrane trafficking, specifically in membrane budding reactions.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Kcnh5
gene id: 10090:Kcnh5
uniprot id: Q920E3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv10.2/KCNH5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits a non-inactivating outward rectifying current (By similarity). Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly.
messages: The potassium channel is probably composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming alpha subunits that can associate with modulating beta subunits. Heteromultimer with KCNH1/EAG (By similarity).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Brme1
gene id: 10090:Brme1
uniprot id: Q6DIA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in fetal ovaries but not in adult ovaries.
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: Interacts with HSF2BP (via N-terminus) and BRCA2; the interaction with HSF2BP is direct and allows the formation of a ternary complex (PubMed:32345962, PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32845237). The complex BRME1:HSF2BP:BRCA2 interacts with SPATA22, MEIOB and RAD51 (PubMed:32345962).
messages: Male mutants are infertile (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). They have smaller-than-normal testes with reduced diameters of seminiferous tubules and sperm density (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). Female mutants exhibit normal fertility with no apparent defect in adult ovaries (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). They show a strong reduction of the follicle pool.
messages: Meiotic recombination factor component of recombination bridges involved in meiotic double-strand break repair (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033). Modulates the localization of recombinases DMC1:RAD51 to meiotic double-strand break (DSB) sites through the interaction with and stabilization of the BRCA2:HSF2BP complex during meiotic recombination (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32463460). Indispensable for the DSB repair, homologous synapsis, and crossover formation that are needed for progression past metaphase I, is essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033).

10090:Rab9b
gene id: 10090:Rab9b
uniprot id: Q3KNA5
uniprot id: Q8BHH2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (GTP-bound form) with SGSM1; the GDP-bound form has much lower affinity for SGSM1 (PubMed:25220469). The GTP-bound form but not the GDP-bound form interacts with HPS4 and the BLOC-3 complex (heterodimer of HPS1 and HPS4) but does not interact with HPS1 alone (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the transport of proteins between the endosomes and the trans Golgi network.
messages: Membrane
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Map3k6
gene id: 10090:Map3k6
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQ82
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.

10090:Rpl26
gene id: 10090:Rpl26
uniprot id: P61255
uniprot id: Q4FZH2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:26100019, PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:26100019, PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Interacts with DHX33 (PubMed:26100019).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ufmylated by UFL1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting reticulophagy of endoplasmic reticulum sheets.
messages: Up-regulated in silica-treated macrophages.

10090:Vmn2r78
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r78
uniprot id: K7N6U5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ctsc
gene id: 10090:Ctsc
uniprot id: P97821
uniprot id: Q3UBY5
uniprot id: Q8BQL3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Binds 1 Cl(-) ion per heavy chain.
messages: Broadly distributed, but higher levels found in lung, liver, kidney and spleen. Lower levels found in testis and brain.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Tetramer of heterotrimers consisting of exclusion domain, heavy- and light chains.
messages: Thiol protease. Has dipeptidylpeptidase activity. Active against a broad range of dipeptide substrates composed of both polar and hydrophobic amino acids. Proline cannot occupy the P1 position and arginine cannot occupy the P2 position of the substrate. Can act as both an exopeptidase and endopeptidase. Activates serine proteases such as elastase, cathepsin G and granzymes A and B.

10090:Tssk5
gene id: 10090:Tssk5
uniprot id: Q8C1R0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-207, potentially by autophosphorylation.
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: May be involved in a signaling pathway during male germ cell development or mature sperm function.

10090:Zfp292
gene id: 10090:Zfp292
uniprot id: Q9Z2U2
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Expressed in postnatal day 1 (P1) pituitary. Also detected in presomatotrophic cell line GHFT1-5.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dhx9
gene id: 10090:Dhx9
uniprot id: A0A087WPL5
uniprot id: O70133
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily.
messages: Component of the coding region determinant (CRD)-mediated complex, composed of DHX9, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, SYNCRIP and YBX1. Identified in a mRNP complex, at least composed of DHX9, DDX3X, ELAVL1, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, ILF3, PABPC1, PCBP2, PTBP2, STAU1, STAU2, SYNCRIP and YBX1. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs (By similarity). The large PER complex involved in the repression of transcriptional termination is composed of at least PER2, CDK9, DDX5, DHX9, NCBP1 and POLR2A (active) (PubMed:22767893). Associates (via DRBM domains) with the RISC complex; this association occurs in a small interfering (siRNA)-dependent manner. Associates with the SMN complex; this association induces recruitment of DHX9 to the RNA polymerase II. Associates with polysomes in a LIN28A-dependent manner. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ACTB; this interaction is direct and mediates the attachment to nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes (By similarity). Interacts with ADAR isoform 1; this interaction occurs in a RNA-independent manner (PubMed:28355180). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with AGO2 (via middle region); this interaction promotes active RISC assembly by promoting the association of siRNA with AGO2. Interacts (via NTD domain) with AKAP8L (via N-terminus). Interacts with BRCA1 (via C-terminus); this interaction is direct and links BRCA1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Interacts (via N-terminus) with CREBBP; this interaction mediates association with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and stimulates CREB-dependent transcriptional activation (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction is dependent upon the activation of the kinase (PubMed:19229320). Interacts (via DRBM domains) with DICER1. Interacts with H2AX; this interaction is direct, requires phosphorylation of histone H2AX on 'Ser-140' by PRKDC and promotes binding of DHX9 to transcriptionally stalled sites on chromosomal DNA in response to genotoxic stress. Int…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: DRBM domains cooperate for the binding to nucleic acid but not for unwinding helicase activity. The helicase-associated domain-2 (HA2) region is essential for the duplex RNA unwinding helicase activity. The minimal transactivation region (MTAD) mediates interaction with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and stimulates transcriptional activation in a CREB-dependent manner. The oligonucleotide- or oligosaccharide-binding (OB-fold) and the repeated arginine and glycine-glycine (RGG) regions are dispensable for both RNA-binding and unwinding helicase activities. The RGG region contains both nuclear localization signal (NLS) and nuclear export signal (NES) and is necessary and sufficient for nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in a RNA-independent manner.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Methylated. PRMT1-mediated methylation of undefined Arg residues in the nuclear transport domain (NTD) is required for nuclear import of DHX9.
messages: Multifunctional ATP-dependent nucleic acid helicase that unwinds DNA and RNA in a 3' to 5' direction and that plays important roles in many processes, such as DNA replication, transcriptional activation, post-transcriptional RNA regulation, mRNA translation and RNA-mediated gene silencing. Requires a 3'-single-stranded tail as entry site for acid nuclei unwinding activities as well as the binding and hydrolyzing of any of the four ribo- or deoxyribo-nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs). Unwinds numerous nucleic acid substrates such as double-stranded (ds) DNA and RNA, DNA:RNA hybrids, DNA and RNA forks composed of either partially complementary DNA duplexes or DNA:RNA hybrids, respectively, and also DNA and RNA displacement loops (D- and R-loops), triplex-helical DNA (H-DNA) structure and DNA- and RNA-based G-quadruplexes. Binds dsDNA, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), dsRNA, ssRNA and poly(A)-containing RNA. Binds also to circular dsDNA or dsRNA of either linear and/or circular forms and stimulates the relaxation of supercoiled DNAs catalyzed by topoisomerase TOP2A. Plays a role in DNA replication at origins of replication and cell cycle progression. Plays a role as a transcriptional coactivator acting as a bridging factor between polymerase II holoenzyme and transcription factors or cofactors, such as BRCA1, CREBBP, RELA and SMN1. Binds to the CDKN2A promoter. Plays several roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In cooperation with NUP98, promotes pre-mRNA alternative splicing activities of a subset of genes (By similarity). As component of a large PER complex, is involved in the negative regulation of 3' transcriptional termination of circadian target genes such as PER1 and NR1D1 and the control of the circadian rhythms (PubMed:22767893). Acts also as a nuclear resolvase that is able to bind and neutralize harmful massive secondary double-stranded RNA structures formed by inverted-repeat Alu retrotransposon elements that are inserted and transcribed a…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PRKDC; phosphorylation occurs in a RNA-dependent manner. Phosphorylated by EIF2AK2/PKR; this phosphorylation reduces its association with double-stranded RNA.
messages: centrosome
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Adsl
gene id: 10090:Adsl
uniprot id: P54822
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes two non-sequential steps in de novo AMP synthesis: converts (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido)succinate (SAICAR) to fumarate plus 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide, and thereby also contributes to de novo IMP synthesis, and converts succinyladenosine monophosphate (SAMP) to AMP and fumarate.
messages: Homotetramer. Residues from neighboring subunits contribute catalytic and substrate-binding residues to each active site.

10090:Zmynd10
gene id: 10090:Zmynd10
uniprot id: Q99ML0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ZMYND10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Expressed in the testis. Expressed in the tracheal epithelium (PubMed:29601588). Restricted to regions containing motile cilia (PubMed:23891471).
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with DNAAF11 (via CS domain); this interaction stabilizes DNAAF11 at the protein level. Interacts (via C-terminus) with DNAL1; this interaction stabilizes DNAL1 at the protein level. Interacts with DNAAF4, HSPA8, IQUB, RUVBL2 and DYNTL5.
messages: Mice neonates exhibit growth retardation dying within 1 month after birth. Show head deformation and situs invertus (heart apex, stomach, liver or spleen). Display lung lobular structures deterioration and collapsed alveolar spaces. Show mucosal congestion in paranasal cavities. Show loss of ciliary motility and axonemal outer and inner dynein arm (IDA and ODA, respectively) components without disruption of ciliogenesis.
messages: Plays a role in axonemal structure organization and motility (PubMed:29601588). Involved in axonemal pre-assembly of inner and outer dynein arms (IDA and ODA, respectively) for proper axoneme building for cilia motility (PubMed:29601588). May act by indirectly regulating transcription of dynein proteins (By similarity).
messages: Specifically expressed in the ciliated epithelial layer associated with nasal and lung epithelium in 18.5 dpc embryos.
messages: centriolar satellite

10090:Asic2
gene id: 10090:Asic2
uniprot id: B2RRQ1
uniprot id: Q3UYD3
uniprot id: Q925H0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. ASIC2 subfamily.
messages: Cation channel with high affinity for sodium, which is gated by extracellular protons and inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Also permeable for Li(+) and K(+). Generates a biphasic current with a fast inactivating and a slow sustained phase. Heteromeric channel assembly seems to modulate.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed by sensory neurons. Expressed by nociceptive sensory neurons, spiral ganglion (SG) neurons and the retina (at protein level). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in outer nuclear layer of retina (photoreceptors) and to a lower extent in distal and proximal inner nuclear layer.
messages: Expression changes dramatically during cochlear development. Expression is detected at 11.5 dpc in otocyst and increases in the SG neurons after 18.5 dpc. Also detected in the lumen side of all cells forming the vestibular cavity and at the top of the macula of saccule and utricle. Before birth expressed by epithelial cells facing the endolymphatic space. Post-natally expressed by cells in the apical turn of the cochlea, while expression on the lumen side of the membranous labyrinth decreases. Expression shifts gradually toward the top of supporting cells and the spiral limbus. Also expressed by vestibular ganglion neurons. Restricted to the SG neurons in the mature cochlea (at protein level).
messages: Expression in a subset of neurons may be regulated by neurotrophins.
messages: Homotrimer or heterotrimer with other ASIC proteins (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCABP and ASIC3 (By similarity). Interacts with STOM; this regulates channel activity (PubMed:15471860, PubMed:22850675). Heterotrimer of Asic1a-Asic2a interacts with the snake venom mambalgin-1, mambalgin-2 and mambalgin-3 (By similarity). Heterotrimer of Asic1a-Asic2b interacts with the snake venom mambalgin-1 and mambalgin-2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display altered rod phototransduction and neurotransmission, associated with increased light-induced retina damages.
messages: Regulated by Zn(2+). Inhibited by anti-inflammatory drugs like salicylic acid (By similarity).

10090:Crb1
gene id: 10090:Crb1
uniprot id: A0A7D6VMF7
uniprot id: A0A7D6VRP0
uniprot id: Q8VHS2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the Crumbs protein family.
messages: Component of a complex composed of PALS1, CRB1 and EPB41L5 (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts (via intracellular domain) with PALS1 and EPB41L5 (via FERM domain) (By similarity). Forms a complex with MPP4 and PALS1 (PubMed:15316081). Interacts with MPDZ/MUPP1 and MPP4 (PubMed:15316081).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Crb1 are a cause of focal retinal dysplasia and degeneration associated with a shortening of inner and outer segments. Affected mice produce a secreted truncated protein that lacks the single transmembrane and the intracellular domain, and develop irregularities at the outer limiting membrane and loss of photoreceptor cells.
messages: Expressed in the kidney, lung, stomach and testis (PubMed:14684155). Expressed in the brain (PubMed:11744384, PubMed:14684155). Expressed in the retina of the eye (PubMed:11744384, PubMed:14684155, PubMed:26404741). Expressed in the outer nuclear layer, photoreceptor layer and inner nuclear layer of the retina (PubMed:11744384). Expressed in Mueller cell radial processes in the inner nuclear layer, in apical processes sclerad to the external limiting membrane, and in the subapical region, adjacent to the adherens junction of retinal photoreceptors (PubMed:12915475, PubMed:15316081). In the brain, expressed in the granular layer of the cerebellum, the hippocampal dentate gyrus, the olfactory bulbs, the subventricular region lining the telencephalic ventricles and the rostral migratory stream (PubMed:11744384).
messages: Expression first detected at 14 dpc, expression is enhanced at 15 and 16 dpc during active proliferation of epidermal cells, decreases after birth, but is maintained in adult skin (PubMed:14684155). Detected in the skin basal cells at 16 dpc, it was observed in upper layers after birth (at protein level) (PubMed:14684155).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May play a role in epidermal tissue morphogenesis (PubMed:14684155). May function in cell attachment for stratified epithelial organization (PubMed:14684155).
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: Plays a role in photoreceptor morphogenesis in the retina (PubMed:12915475). May maintain cell polarization and adhesion (PubMed:15316081).
messages: Primarily detected in the central nervous system at 10.5 dpc, in the ventral part of the neural tube including the ventral spinal cord, the ventral part of the mesencephalon, the mammillary and the hypothalamic regions, the optic area and the zona limitans intrathalamica (PubMed:11744384). Expressed by the V3 interneurons placed between the floor plate and the motorneurons all along the spinal cord axis (PubMed:11744384). In late embryogenesis, expressed mainly in ventral neural structures of the developing brain, including the mammillary, tuberalis regions of the hypothalamus and the preoptic area (PubMed:11744384). Starting from 12.5 dpc, also strongly expressed in the neural area that gives rise to the dorsal thalamus (PubMed:11744384). In the retina, expression starts at 11.5 dpc and is enhanced at 12.5, 14.5 and 16.5 dpc (PubMed:11744384). Expressed in the subapical region of the neuroepithelial layer of the retina at 17.5 dpc (PubMed:23001562). In postnatal stages, abundant expression in photoreceptors and also found in the inner nuclear layer and iris (PubMed:11744384).
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: focal adhesion
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Ccnt2
gene id: 10090:Ccnt2
uniprot id: Q7TQK0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin C subfamily.
messages: Expressed in all forming organs and supporting tissues in 10.5 to 14.5 dpc. Expressed in embryonic ectoderm and the forming brain and neural tube in 7.5 and 8.5/9.5 dpc embryos, respectively.
messages: Highly expressed in all phases of skeletal muscle differentiation, particularly in later stages (PubMed:23060074). Highly expressed in skeletal muscle. Significantly expressed in heart, brain, kidney, liver, testis, and pancreas (PubMed:19364821).
messages: Interacts with CDK9 to form P-TEFb. Interacts with POLR2A (via the C-terminal domain (CTD)); mediates transcriptional activity. Interacts with HEXIM1; mediates formation of a tripartite complex with KPNA2. Interacts with HEXIM2. Interacts with PKN1; enhances MYOD1-dependent transcription. P-TEFB complex interacts with RB1; promotes phosphorylation of RB1 (By similarity). P-TEFB complex interacts with MYOD1; promotes the transcriptional activity of MYOD1 through its CDK9-mediated phosphorylation (PubMed:12037670). Interacts with MDFI and MDFIC (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase pair (CDK9/cyclin T) complex, also called positive transcription elongation factor B (P-TEFB), which is proposed to facilitate the transition from abortive to production elongation by phosphorylating the CTD (carboxy-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II). The activity of this complex is regulated by binding with 7SK snRNA (By similarity). Plays a role during muscle differentiation; P-TEFB complex interacts with MYOD1; this tripartite complex promotes the transcriptional activity of MYOD1 through its CDK9-mediated phosphorylation and binds the chromatin of promoters and enhancers of muscle-specific genes; this event correlates with hyperphosphorylation of the CTD domain of RNA pol II (PubMed:16245309, PubMed:23060074, PubMed:12037670). In addition, enhances MYOD1-dependent transcription through interaction with PKN1 (By similarity). Involved in early embryo development (PubMed:19364821).
messages: The homozygous knockout of Ccnt2 is embryonic lethal.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Kif2a
gene id: 10090:Kif2a
uniprot id: P28740
uniprot id: Q9D481
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. MCAK/KIF2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highest level in lung. High level in ovary, moderate levels in heart, kidney, placenta, skeletal muscle and spleen (at protein level). Pancreas and spleen express a shorter isoform (at protein level). Expressed in the flagellum of elongated spermatids and sperm in the testis lumen (at protein level) (PubMed:24339785). Isoform 1 expressed in neuronal cells. Isoform 2 expressed in astrocytes and fibroblasts.
messages: Interacts with AURKA, PSRC1 and PLK1.
messages: Isoform 1 expressed at low level in 13 dpc embryonic hippocampus, higher level by stage 15 persisting into juvenile and adult stages. Isoform 2 expressed in 13 dpc and 15 dpc embryonic hippocampus declining to very low levels in juvenile and adult neurons. High level of isoform 1 and very low level of isoform 2 in stage 2 and 5 hippocampal neurons in culture.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mice show overextension of collateral branches of developing axons and defects in neuronal migration in the brain. They die within 24 hours of birth.
messages: Plus end-directed microtubule-dependent motor required for normal brain development. May regulate microtubule dynamics during axonal growth. Required for normal progression through mitosis. Required for normal congress of chromosomes at the metaphase plate. Required for normal spindle dynamics during mitosis. Promotes spindle turnover. Implicated in formation of bipolar mitotic spindles. Has microtubule depolymerization activity (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Foxj1
gene id: 10090:Foxj1
uniprot id: Q61660
uniprot id: Q640Q8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FOXJ1 family.
messages: Expressed in the developing fetal lung epithelium and developing brain (at protein level).
messages: Mice lack motile respiratory tract cilia and exhibit randomization of the left-right body axis due to loss of motile cilia in the embryonic node (PubMed:9739041, PubMed:10873152). Motile type cilia with a '9 + 2' microtubule ultrastructure are absent in epithelial cells, including those in the airways (PubMed:10873152).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Predominantly expressed in tissues containing motile cilia.
messages: Transcription factor specifically required for the formation of motile cilia (PubMed:9096351, PubMed:9739041, PubMed:10873152, PubMed:14996907, PubMed:22357932, PubMed:27965440). Acts by activating transcription of genes that mediate assembly of motile cilia, such as CFAP157 (PubMed:27965440). Binds the DNA consensus sequences 5'-HWDTGTTTGTTTA-3' or 5'-KTTTGTTGTTKTW-3' (where H is not G, W is A or T, D is not C, and K is G or T) (PubMed:9096351). Activates the transcription of a variety of ciliary proteins in the developing brain and lung (PubMed:28666954, PubMed:27914912).

10090:Gm20793
gene id: 10090:Gm20793
uniprot id: Q3TTD8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Clec12b
gene id: 10090:Clec12b
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0A7
uniprot id: Q149M0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 1 copy of a cytoplasmic motif that is referred to as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM). This motif is involved in modulation of cellular responses. The phosphorylated ITIM motif can bind the SH2 domain of several SH2-containing phosphatases.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via ITIM motif) with PTPN6. Interacts (via ITIM motif) with PTPN11; this interaction triggers dephosphorylation and activation of PTPN11.
messages: Inhibitory receptor postulated to negatively regulate immune and non-immune functions (By similarity). Upon phosphorylation, recruits SH2 domain-containing PTPN6 and PTPN11 phosphatases to its ITIM motif and antagonizes activation signals (By similarity). Although it inhibits KLRK1/NKG2D-mediated signaling, it does not bind known ligands of KLRK1/NKG2D and therefore is not its inhibitory counterpart (By similarity). May limit activation of myeloid cell subsets in response to infection or tissue inflammation (By similarity). May protect target cells against natural killer cell-mediated lysis (By similarity). May negatively regulate cell cycle and differentiation of melanocytes via inactivation of STAT3 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Catip
gene id: 10090:Catip
uniprot id: B9EKE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CATIP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TTC17.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in primary ciliogenesis by modulating actin polymerization.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cln5
gene id: 10090:Cln5
uniprot id: B2RUP8
uniprot id: Q3UMW8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CLN5 family.
messages: Can undergo proteolytic cleavage at the C-terminus, probably by a cysteine protease and may involve the removal of approximately 10-15 residues from the C-terminal end (PubMed:26342652).
messages: Heart, kidney, liver, spleen, muscle and rectum (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with PPT1, TPP1, CLN3, CLN6, CLN8, ATP5F1A and ATP5F1B (PubMed:19941651). Interacts with SORT1, RAB5A and RAB7A (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated with both high mannose and complex type sugars. Glycosylation is important for proper folding and trafficking to the lysosomes.
messages: Plays a role in influencing the retrograde trafficking of lysosomal sorting receptors SORT1 and IGF2R from the endosomes to the trans-Golgi network by controlling the recruitment of retromer complex to the endosomal membrane. Regulates the localization and activation of RAB7A which is required to recruit the retromer complex to the endosomal membrane.
messages: The type II membrane signal anchor is proteolytically cleaved to produce a mature form that is transported to the lysosomes (Ceroid-lipofuscinosis neuronal protein 5 homolog, secreted form).

10090:Cplx3
gene id: 10090:Cplx3
uniprot id: Q8R1B5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the complexin/synaphin family.
messages: Binds to the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 and STX1A.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Complexin that regulates SNARE protein complex-mediated synaptic vesicle fusion (PubMed:19386896). Required for the maintenance of synaptic ultrastructure in the adult retina (PubMed:19386896). Positively regulates synaptic transmission through synaptic vesicle availability and exocytosis of neurotransmitters at photoreceptor ribbon synapses in the retina (PubMed:15911881, PubMed:19386896, PubMed:27335398). Suppresses tonic photoreceptor activity and baseline 'noise' by suppression of Ca(2+) vesicle tonic release and the facilitation of evoked synchronous and asynchronous Ca(2+) vesicle release (PubMed:22694764, PubMed:27335398).
messages: Farnesylation mediates presynaptic targeting.
messages: In the brain, expression starts at P6 and increases to reach a plateau at P20.
messages: Knockout mice are generally phenotypically normal, viable, and fertile (PubMed:19386896). Normal overall retina structure and morphology of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) (PubMed:19386896). Abundance and distribution of synaptic proteins remain consistent (PubMed:19386896). Reduced retinal synaptic transmission and inner retinal processing (PubMed:19386896). Cplx3 and Cplx4 double knockout mice are generally phenotypically normal, viable, and fertile, however show disordered morphology of the OPL and vision perturbation when compared to single knockout mice (PubMed:19386896). Cplx3 and Cplx4 double knockout mice show evidence of mild vision perturbation, with a reduction in the number of morphologically normal anchored presynaptic ribbon synapses and a decrease in controlled neurotransmitter release at photoreceptor ribbon synapses (PubMed:19386896). Cplx3 and Cplx4 double knockout mice show reduced response and sensitivity of ON and OFF ganglion cell response as a result of disrupted synaptic transmission (PubMed:22694764). Cplx3 and Cplx4 double knockout mice show a greater variance in photoreceptor activity response and a decrease in sustained response, this is caused by an increase in release and fusion of synaptic vesicles in an asynchronous manner, this is particularly evident following multiple stimuli (PubMed:27335398).
messages: Present in many brain regions, including hippocampus and cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:15911881). Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:15911881, PubMed:19386896). Expressed in retinal amacrine cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19386896, PubMed:22694764). Expressed in retinal photoreceptor ribbon synapses (PubMed:19386896). Expressed in the retinal inner nuclear layer, at bipolar cells (at protein level) (PubMed:22694764). Expressed in cone photoreceptor synaptic terminals (at protein level) (PubMed:22694764).
messages: Synapse

10090:Tspan14
gene id: 10090:Tspan14
uniprot id: Q8QZY6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ADAM10; the interaction promotes ADAM10 maturation and cell surface expression.
messages: Regulates maturation and trafficking of the transmembrane metalloprotease ADAM10 (PubMed:26668317, PubMed:23035126). Negatively regulates ADAM10-mediated cleavage of GP6 (PubMed:26668317). Promotes ADAM10-mediated cleavage of CDH5 (PubMed:23035126).

10090:Ccs
gene id: 10090:Ccs
uniprot id: Q543K2
uniprot id: Q9WU84
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 copper ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Delivers copper to copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1).
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with SOD1. Interacts with COMMD1. Interacts with XIAP/BIRC4. Interacts with SLC31A1(via C-terminal domain); this interaction is Cu(1+)-mediated. The heterodimer CCS:SOD1 interacts with SLC31A1; this heterotrimer is Cu(1+)-mediated and its maintenance is regulated through SOD1 activation.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.
messages: Ubiquitinion by XIAP/BIRC4 leads to enhancement of its chaperone activity toward its physiologic target, SOD1, rather than proteasomal degradation. XIAP/BIRC4 preferentially ubiquitinates at Lys-241 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Or51f23b
gene id: 10090:Or51f23b
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSU5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Shcbp1l
gene id: 10090:Shcbp1l
uniprot id: Q3TTP0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in pachytene spermatocytes and elongating spermatids inside the seminiferous tubules (PubMed:24557841). Not detected in ovary (at protein level) (PubMed:24557841). Testis-specific (PubMed:24557841).
messages: Interacts with HSPA2; this interaction may promote the recruitment of HSPA2 to the spindle (PubMed:24557841).
messages: Male mice exhibit decreased fertility and produce reduced epididymal sperm content, but do not influence the rates of motility, capacitation and acrosome reaction of sperm (PubMed:24557841). Meiosis-arrested spermatocytes are increased in the early stages of meiosis and undergo programmed cell death (PubMed:24557841). Display a diminution of the HSPA2 signal at the spindle and disordered chromosomes during male meiosis (PubMed:24557841).
messages: Testis-specific spindle-associated factor that plays a role in spermatogenesis (PubMed:24557841). In association with HSPA2, participates in the maintenance of spindle integrity during meiosis in male germ cells (PubMed:24557841).
messages: spindle

10090:Csf2
gene id: 10090:Csf2
uniprot id: P01587
uniprot id: Q5SX78
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GM-CSF family.
messages: Cytokine that stimulates the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells from various lineages, including granulocytes, macrophages, eosinophils and erythrocytes.
messages: Monomer. The signaling GM-CSF receptor complex is a dodecamer of two head-to-head hexamers of two alpha, two beta, and two ligand subunits (By similarity).
messages: Monomer. The signaling GM-CSF receptor complex is a dodecamer of two head-to-head hexamers of two alpha, two beta, and two ligand subunits.
messages: Secreted

10090:Kctd11
gene id: 10090:Kctd11
uniprot id: Q8K485
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 7.5 dpc in neuroectodermal cells, and later in neural crest, in ventral region of the spinal cord and in ventricular epithelium of the neural tube.
messages: Homopentamer. Interacts with KCTD6 and KCTD21; KCTD11 and KCTD6 or KCTD21 may associate in pentameric assemblies. Component of the BCR(KCTD11) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3 and KCTD11 and RBX1. Interacts (via BTB domain) with CUL3; initially a 4:4 stoichiometry has been reported, however, electron microscopy revealed pentameric states of the BTB domain.
messages: Overexpression of Kctd11 by lentiviral vector injection inhibits xenograft tumor growth in athymic nude mice.
messages: Plays a role as a marker and a regulator of neuronal differentiation; Up-regulated by a variety of neurogenic signals, such as retinoic acid, epidermal growth factor/EGF and NGFB/nerve growth factor. Induces apoptosis, growth arrest and the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1B. Plays a role as a tumor repressor and inhibits cell growth and tumorigenicity of medulloblastoma (MDB). Acts as probable substrate-specific adapter for a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex towards HDAC1. Functions as antagonist of the Hedgehog pathway on cell proliferation and differentiation by affecting the nuclear transfer of transcription factor GLI1, thus maintaining cerebellar granule cells in undifferentiated state, this effect probably occurs via HDAC1 down-regulation, keeping GLI1 acetylated and inactive. When knock-down, Hedgehog antagonism is impaired and proliferation of granule cells is sustained. Activates the caspase cascade.
messages: The BTB domain is required for growth-suppressing properties.
messages: Weakly expressed in lung. In the cerebellum, higher expression in non proliferating external granule cells layer than in highly proliferating ones.

10090:Ctss
gene id: 10090:Ctss
uniprot id: F6WR04
uniprot id: O70370
uniprot id: Q3UD32
uniprot id: Q8BSZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Secreted
messages: Thiol protease. Key protease responsible for the removal of the invariant chain from MHC class II molecules and MHC class II antigen presentation. The bond-specificity of this proteinase is in part similar to the specificities of cathepsin L.
messages: Widely expressed with highest expression found in non-skeletal tissues. Relatively high levels found in skeletal tissues. Expressed in spleen, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages (PubMed:9545226).
messages: phagosome

10090:Slc16a14
gene id: 10090:Slc16a14
uniprot id: Q8K1C7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. May catalyze the transport of monocarboxylates across the plasma membrane.

10090:Ndfip1
gene id: 10090:Ndfip1
uniprot id: Q8R0W6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activates HECT domain-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, including NEDD4 and ITCH, and consequently modulates the stability of their targets. As a result, controls many cellular processes. Prevents chronic T-helper cell-mediated inflammation by activating ITCH and thus controlling JUNB degradation (PubMed:11748237, PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). Promotes pancreatic beta cell death through degradation of JUNB and inhibition of the unfolded protein response, leading to reduction of insulin secretion (PubMed:26319551). Restricts the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in effector Th17 T-cells by promoting ITCH-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of RORC (PubMed:28051111). Together with NDFIP2, limits the cytokine signaling and expansion of effector Th2 T-cells by promoting degradation of JAK1, probably by ITCH- and NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:27088444). Regulates peripheral T-cell tolerance to self and foreign antigens, forcing the exit of naive CD4+ T-cells from the cell cycle before they become effector T-cells (PubMed:24520172, PubMed:28051111). Negatively regulates RLR-mediated antiviral response by promoting SMURF1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of MAVS (By similarity). Negatively regulates KCNH2 potassium channel activity by decreasing its cell-surface expression and interfering with channel maturation through recruitment of NEDD4L to the Golgi apparatus where it mediates KCNH2 degradation (By similarity). In cortical neurons, mediates the ubiquitination of the divalent metal transporter SLC11A2/DMT1 by NEDD4L, leading to its down-regulation and protection of the cells from cobalt and iron toxicity (By similarity). Important for normal development of dendrites and dendritic spines in cortex (PubMed:23897647). Enhances the ubiquitination of BRAT1 mediated by: NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH and is required for the nuclear localization of ubiquitinated BRAT1 (PubMed:25631046). Enhances the ITCH-mediated ubiquitination of MAP…
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Forms heterodimers with NDFIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with several E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, including ITCH, NEDD4, NEDD4L and WWP2 (PubMed:11042109, PubMed:11748237, PubMed:17137798, PubMed:25632008). The interaction with NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH leads to relocalization of these proteins to exosomes and eventually to exosomal secretion (PubMed:11748237). Interacts with U2SURP (PubMed:11748237). Interacts with SLC11A2/DMT1 (By similarity). Interacts with PTEN (By similarity). May interact with phosphorylated EGFR (By similarity). Interacts with BRAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNH2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAVS (By similarity). Part of a complex containing ITCH, NDFIP1 and MAP3K7 (PubMed:25632008). Interacts (via N-terminus) with UBE2L3; the interaction mediates recruitment of UBE2L3 to ITCH (PubMed:25632008).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highly expressed in embryonic and early postnatal cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:23897647). Widely expressed (PubMed:11748237). Hardly detectable in resting T-cells; up-regulated in T-cells in response to activation (PubMed:17137798).
messages: Mutant mice appear normal at birth, but develop severe skin and gastrointestinal tract inflammation around 6 to 8 weeks of age (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). They do not survive beyond 14 weeks (PubMed:17137798). This phenotype is due to the lack of activity of ITCH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and consequently, prolongation of JUNB half-life after T-cell activation (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). This results in an increased production of T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and in the promotion of Th2-mediated inflammation (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). This subsequently leads to increased number of circulating, esophagus and small bowel eosinophils (PubMed:20962770). Mutant mice have thicker small bowel and do not gain as much weight as the wild type (PubMed:20962770). Mutant mice also show an increased iron transport in hepatocytes and iron accumulation in the liver around portal veins, in the villi of duodenum and throughout the brain cortex (PubMed:18776082, PubMed:19706893).
messages: Secreted
messages: The PPxY motifs are required for E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase binding and activation and for ubiquitination.
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4; mono-, di- and polyubiquitinated forms are detected. Ubiquitination regulates its degradation.
messages: Undergoes transient tyrosine phosphorylation following EGF stimulation, most probably by catalyzed by SRC. Phosphorylation SRC is enhanced in the presence of NDFIP2 which may act as a scaffold to recruit SRC to NDFIP1 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated after traumatic brain injury in surviving neurons around the lesion site.
messages: dendrite
messages: synaptosome

10090:Col2a1
gene id: 10090:Col2a1
uniprot id: P28481
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.
messages: Contains 3-hydroxyproline at a few sites. This modification occurs on the first proline residue in the sequence motif Gly-Pro-Hyp, where Hyp is 4-hydroxyproline.
messages: Contains mostly 4-hydroxyproline. Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-P) are 4-hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: Defects in Col2a1 are the cause of a phenotype resembling human spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (sedc). Homozygous sedc mice can be identified at birth by their small size and shortened trunk. Adults have shortened noses, dysplastic vertebrae, femora and tibias, and retinoschisis and hearing loss.
messages: Expressed in chondrogenic tissues in advance of chondrocyte differentiation. Expressed early in embryogenesis at 9.5 days both in the cranial mesenchyme destined for the chondrocranium, and the sclerotome of the somites, and at 12.5 days in the primordia of the hyoid and the laryngeal cartilage. Detected in all the chondrogenic tissues of the axial and appendicular skeleton until the onset of endochondral ossification. Expression also observed in non-chondrogenic tissues such as the notochord. Also expressed much later in the tail tendon, at 16.5-18.5 days. Transiently expressed in the heart at 9.5-12.5 days, the epidermis at 10.5-14.5 days, the calvarial mesenchyme at 12.5-16.5 days, the inner ear at 14.5 days and the fetal brain from 9.5-14.5 days. Within the neural tube, expression is localized to the proliferative ventricular cells of the forebrain and midbrain of 9.5-10.5 day embryos, and subsequently, restricted to the rhombencephalic basal plate, the ventricular layer of the hindbrain and the cervical spinal cord.
messages: Homotrimers of alpha 1(II) chains.
messages: Lysine residues at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are 5-hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: O-glycosylated on hydroxylated lysine residues. The O-linked glycan consists of a Glc-Gal disaccharide.
messages: The C-terminal propeptide, also known as COLFI domain, have crucial roles in tissue growth and repair by controlling both the intracellular assembly of procollagen molecules and the extracellular assembly of collagen fibrils. It binds a calcium ion which is essential for its function (By similarity).
messages: Type II collagen is specific for cartilaginous tissues. It is essential for the normal embryonic development of the skeleton, for linear growth and for the ability of cartilage to resist compressive forces.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Gm20594
gene id: 10090:Gm20594
uniprot id: J3QJY3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Dbx2
gene id: 10090:Dbx2
uniprot id: F8VQH7
uniprot id: Q8BZD0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Kcmf1
gene id: 10090:Kcmf1
uniprot id: Q80UY2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KCMF1 family.
messages: Expressed throughout embryonic development, with much higher expression after day 15, when many organs including the kidney are undergoing extensive branching morphogenesis.
messages: Has intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and promotes ubiquitination.
messages: Testis, liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Up-regulated during growth factor-induced branching tubulogenesis.

10090:Mosmo
gene id: 10090:Mosmo
uniprot id: Q8C784
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling probably by promoting internalization and subsequent degradation of smoothened protein (SMO) present in the ciliary membrane (PubMed:29290584). Plays a role in sonic hedgehog (SHH)-induced spinal neural progenitor cells differentiation (PubMed:29290584).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the ventral neural tube at 11.5 dpc.
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Tex261
gene id: 10090:Tex261
uniprot id: Q62302
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SVP26 family.
messages: Detected in testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Not detectable in testis from 6 day old animals. Detectable in testis 15 days after birth. Highly expressed in testis 20 days after birth. Highly expressed in meiotic and post-meiotic germ cells.

10090:Uba1
gene id: 10090:Uba1
uniprot id: A0A1S6GWH5
uniprot id: B9EHN0
uniprot id: Q02053
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.
messages: Catalyzes the first step in ubiquitin conjugation to mark cellular proteins for degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system (PubMed:1511901). Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Essential for the formation of radiation-induced foci, timely DNA repair and for response to replication stress. Promotes the recruitment of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 at DNA damage sites.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: ISGylated.
messages: In testis, highly expressed from 14.5 days post coitum (dpc) until the day of birth, with levels falling after 10 days post partum (dpp) but peaking again at 28 dpp.
messages: May be modulated by the thyroid hormone receptor.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Interacts with GAN (via BTB domain).
messages: Nucleus
messages: There are two active sites within the E1 molecule, allowing it to accommodate two ubiquitin moieties at a time, with a new ubiquitin forming an adenylate intermediate as the previous one is transferred to the thiol site.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. In testis, expressed in A spermatogonia and spermatids but at very low levels in pachytene spermatocytes.

10090:Xrn1
gene id: 10090:Xrn1
uniprot id: A0A087WQN7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Chdh
gene id: 10090:Chdh
uniprot id: Q8BJ64
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acetylation of Lys-498 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
messages: Decreased testicular betaine and increased choline and phosphatidylcholine concentrations. Only one of eleven males was able to reproduce, impaired fertility was due to diminished sperm motility.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Gm20867
gene id: 10090:Gm20867
uniprot id: Q5FWD4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Adam3
gene id: 10090:Adam3
uniprot id: F8VQ03
uniprot id: Q62287
uniprot id: Q810R6
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binding of spermatozoa to the zona pellucida is significantly reduced in vitro, however oocyte fertilization was still able to occur.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in sperm (at protein level).
messages: Initially synthesized as a 110-kDa precursor in round spermatids, and the precursor is then processed into a 42-kDa mature protein during the sperm transport into and/or once in the epididymis.
messages: Interacts with LY6K (PubMed:24501175). Interacts with TEX101 (PubMed:23633567).
messages: Involved in fertilization by controlling sperm migration into the oviduct (PubMed:19339711). Promotes the binding of sperm to the oocyte zona pellucida (PubMed:32529245).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: There are two genes in human, ADAM3A and ADAM3B that are non-functional (PubMed:11439107). ADAM3A gene is deleted in infertile men and in some fertile men. ADAM3B transcripts, from testicular RNA of ADAM3A-deficient men, present many stop codons in all possible reading frames. Moreover these two proteins are neither detected in extracts from the testis of a man with the ADAM3A-positive genotype, nor of a man with a ADAM3A-deficient genotype.

10090:Ticam2
gene id: 10090:Ticam2
uniprot id: Q8BJQ4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Functions as sorting adapter in different signaling pathways to facilitate downstream signaling leading to type I interferon induction. In TLR4 signaling, physically bridges TLR4 and TICAM1 and functionally transmits signal to TICAM1 in early endosomes after endocytosis of TLR4. In TLR2 signaling, physically bridges TLR2 and MYD88 and is required for the TLR2-dependent movement of MYD88 to endosomes following ligand engagement. Involved in IL-18 signaling and is proposed to function as a sorting adapter for MYD88 in IL-18 signaling during adaptive immune response. Forms a complex with RAB11FIP2 that is recruited to the phagosomes to promote the activation of the actin-regulatory GTPases RAC1 and CDC42 and subsequent phagocytosis of Gram-negative bacteria.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with TLR4, TICAM1, IRF3 and IRF7 in response to LPS. Interacts with IL1R1, IL1RAP, IRAK2, IRAK3 and TRAF6. Interacts with protein kinase-inactive mutants of IRAK1 and IRAK4. Isoform 1 interacts with isoform 2; the interaction occurs in late endosomes and disrupts the interaction between isoform 1 and TICAM1. Interacts with MYD88; the interaction decreases after IL-18 stimulation in a time-dependent manner. Interacts with IL18R1 and IL18RAP. Interacts with TLR2. Interacts with RAB11FIP2.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Myristoylated. Required for membrane association which is critical for its ability to initiate efficient signaling.
messages: Phosphorylated by PRKCE in response to LPS. Phosphorylation is essential for its function. It is depleted from the membrane upon phosphorylation. Tyrosine phosphorylation is inhibited by phosphatase PTPN4.
messages: The TIR domain mediates the interaction with TRAF6 and MYD88.
messages: phagocytic cup

10090:Ptgr3
gene id: 10090:Ptgr3
uniprot id: Q14AZ9
uniprot id: Q8BGC4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily.
messages: Functions as 15-oxo-prostaglandin 13-reductase and acts on 15-keto-PGE1, 15-keto-PGE2, 15-keto-PGE1-alpha and 15-keto-PGE2-alpha with highest efficiency towards 15-keto-PGE2-alpha. Overexpression represses transcriptional activity of PPARG and inhibits adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Up-regulated by high fat diet (PubMed:19091015). Down-regulated in white adipose tissue in ob/on mice (PubMed:23821743).
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Adamts1
gene id: 10090:Adamts1
uniprot id: P97857
uniprot id: Q3TQF7
uniprot id: Q3TTE6
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cleaves aggrecan, a cartilage proteoglycan, at the '1691-Glu-|-Leu-1692' site (within the chondroitin sulfate attachment domain), and may be involved in its turnover. Has angiogenic inhibitor activity (By similarity). Active metalloprotease, which may be associated with various inflammatory processes as well as development of cancer cachexia. May play a critical role in follicular rupture (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated. Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: In embryonic skeletal muscle, significantly increased levels between 13.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc with maximal expression observed at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:23233679). Decreased levels in postnatal skeletal muscle (PubMed:23233679). In myoblasts, up-regulated soon after induction of myoblast differentiation (PubMed:23233679).
messages: Induced in vitro in colon adenocarcinoma cells by interleukin-1, or in vivo in kidney and heart by lipopolysaccharide. Also induced by LH stimulation in granulosa cells of preovulatory follicles.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: The spacer domain and the TSP type-1 domains are important for a tight interaction with the extracellular matrix.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tent5c
gene id: 10090:Tent5c
uniprot id: Q5SSF7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Animals do not display major developmental phenotypes. They suffer from anemia with lower hemoglobin levels compared to controls. They have increased proliferation of B cells.
messages: Belongs to the TENT family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of one adenosine molecule from an ATP to an mRNA poly(A) tail bearing a 3'-OH terminal group and enhances mRNA stability and gene expression (PubMed:34048638). Can also elongate RNA oligos ending with uridine molecule, provided that the sequence is adenosine-rich (By similarity). Mainly targets mRNAs encoding endoplasmic reticulum-targeted protein (PubMed:28931820).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed by splenocytes, expression is increased in activated splenocytes.
messages: In splenocytes, expression is highly induced after yctivation by IL4 and LPS.
messages: Interacts with BCCIP and PABPC1; the interaction has no effect on TENT5C poly(A) polymerase function. Interacts with PLK4; this interaction leads to the TENT5C recruitment into the centrosome.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome

10090:Gstm2
gene id: 10090:Gstm2
uniprot id: P15626
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Repin1
gene id: 10090:Repin1
uniprot id: Q5U4E2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimers and homomultimers. Found in a complex with RIP60 and RIP100 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific double-stranded DNA-binding protein required for initiation of chromosomal DNA replication. Binds on 5'-ATT-3' reiterated sequences downstream of the origin of bidirectional replication (OBR) and a second, homologous ATT sequence of opposite orientation situated within the OBR zone. Facilitates DNA bending (By similarity).

10090:Gm20826
gene id: 10090:Gm20826
uniprot id: J3QK38
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Lsm6
gene id: 10090:Lsm6
uniprot id: P62313
uniprot id: Q542U7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.
messages: Component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex is composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8. LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8 form a heptameric, ring-shaped subcomplex (the LSM2-8 complex) that is part of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex and the precatalytic spliceosome. Component of the heptameric LSM1-LSM7 complex, which consists of LSM1, LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6 and LSM7.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA. Component of LSm protein complexes, which are involved in RNA processing and may function in a chaperone-like manner, facilitating the efficient association of RNA processing factors with their substrates. Component of the cytoplasmic LSM1-LSM7 complex, which is thought to be involved in mRNA degradation by activating the decapping step in the 5'-to-3' mRNA decay pathway.

10090:Gstm1
gene id: 10090:Gstm1
uniprot id: P10649
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Involved in the formation of glutathione conjugates of both prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) and prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Camk1d
gene id: 10090:Camk1d
uniprot id: B1AW58
uniprot id: Q3TDM2
uniprot id: Q3UH04
uniprot id: Q8BW96
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Binding of calmodulin results in conformational change that relieves intrasteric autoinhibition and allows phosphorylation of Thr-180 within the activation loop by CaMKK1 or CaMKK2. Phosphorylation of Thr-180 results in several fold increase in total activity. Unlike CaMK4, may be unable to exhibit autonomous activity after Ca(2+)/calmodulin activation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.
messages: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that operates in the calcium-triggered CaMKK-CaMK1 signaling cascade and, upon calcium influx, activates CREB-dependent gene transcription, regulates calcium-mediated granulocyte function and respiratory burst and promotes basal dendritic growth of hippocampal neurons. In neutrophil cells, required for cytokine-induced proliferative responses and activation of the respiratory burst. Activates the transcription factor CREB1 in hippocampal neuron nuclei. May play a role in apoptosis of erythroleukemia cells. In vitro, phosphorylates transcription factor CREM isoform Beta (By similarity). Isoform 1 but not isoform 2 activates CREB1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated upon cholesterol-rich diet.
messages: Expressed ubiquitously with high levels in brain and low levels in kidney. Isoform 2 is highly expressed in brain compared to other tissues. In hematopoietic cell lines predominant expression was detected in T and EC cells.
messages: In EML cell line differentiation, expression increases 4 to 8 hours after treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and then declines after 24 hours of ATRA induction.
messages: Inactive. Does not activate CREB1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The autoinhibitory domain overlaps with the calmodulin binding region and interacts in the inactive folded state with the catalytic domain as a pseudosubstrate.

10090:Prdx6b
gene id: 10090:Prdx6b
uniprot id: Q8BG37
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx6 subfamily.
messages: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively.

10090:Pole4
gene id: 10090:Pole4
uniprot id: Q9CQ36
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory component of the DNA polymerase epsilon complex (By similarity). Participates in DNA repair and in chromosomal DNA replication (By similarity).
messages: Component of the DNA polymerase epsilon complex consisting of four subunits: the catalytic subunit POLE and the accessory subunits POLE2, POLE3 and POLE4. Interaction with POLE3 is a prerequisite for further binding with POLE and POLE2.
messages: Nucleus

10090:1700088E04Rik
gene id: 10090:1700088E04Rik
uniprot id: Q9D9S1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0193 (EVG1) family.

10090:Serpinb6d
gene id: 10090:Serpinb6d
uniprot id: Q3UWK8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Grem1
gene id: 10090:Grem1
uniprot id: O70326
uniprot id: Q3TNY7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DAN family.
messages: Cytokine that may play an important role during carcinogenesis and metanephric kidney organogenesis, as BMP a antagonist required for early limb outgrowth and patterning in maintaining the FGF4-SHH feedback loop (PubMed:12808456, PubMed:15201225). Down-regulates the BMP4 signaling in a dose-dependent manner (PubMed:15133038). Antagonist of BMP2; inhibits BMP2-mediated differentiation of osteoblasts (in vitro) (By similarity). Acts as inhibitor of monocyte chemotaxis (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in spleen and to a lesser extent in lung, skeletal muscle and kidney. Expressed only in non-transformed cells or primary fibroblasts in culture but not in established transformed or tumor derived cell lines. Broadly expressed in limb bud mesenchyme but restricted to the distal limb bud mesenchyme and concentrated posteriorly. Expressed in ovary especially in granulosa cells of follicles of type 4.
messages: Homodimer; can also form homooligomers. Interacts with BMP2; can form higher oligomers with BMP2 (By similarity). Interacts with SLIT1 and SLIT2 in a glycosylation-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by GDF9 dose-dependent manner and BMP4 in granulosa cells. Highly regulated during folliculogenesis.

10090:Xkr7
gene id: 10090:Xkr7
uniprot id: Q5GH64
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the XK family.
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Col4a6
gene id: 10090:Col4a6
uniprot id: B1AVK5
uniprot id: Q9ESQ1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane
messages: Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen.
messages: basement membrane

10090:Gas6
gene id: 10090:Gas6
uniprot id: Q61592
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: GAS6 deficient mice show protection against thrombosis, but no spontaneous bleeding.
messages: Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium.
messages: Heterodimer and heterotetramer with AXL.
messages: Ligand for tyrosine-protein kinase receptors AXL, TYRO3 and MER whose signaling is implicated in cell growth and survival, cell adhesion and cell migration. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gm21443
gene id: 10090:Gm21443
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:D3Ertd751e
gene id: 10090:D3Ertd751e
uniprot id: Q8BGN2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0462 family.

10090:Rprd2
gene id: 10090:Rprd2
uniprot id: Q6NXI6
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the RNA polymerase II complex.

10090:Card19
gene id: 10090:Card19
uniprot id: Q9D1I2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with BCL10 by CARD-CARD interaction.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Plays a role in inhibiting the effects of BCL10-induced activation of NF-kappa-B.

10090:Smco2
gene id: 10090:Smco2
uniprot id: Q9DA21
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tradd
gene id: 10090:Tradd
uniprot id: B2RRZ7
uniprot id: Q3U0V2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Glycosylated at Arg-243 by S.typhimurium protein Ssek1: arginine GlcNAcylation prevents homotypic/heterotypic death domain interactions and assembly of the oligomeric TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 complex, thereby disrupting TNF signaling.
messages: Adapter molecule for TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 that specifically associates with the cytoplasmic domain of activated TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 mediating its interaction with FADD (By similarity). Overexpression of TRADD leads to two major TNF-induced responses, apoptosis and activation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). The nuclear form acts as a tumor suppressor by preventing ubiquitination and degradation of isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A by TRIP12: acts by interacting with TRIP12, leading to disrupt interaction between TRIP12 and isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A (PubMed:22561347).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mice develop tumors. In a C57BL/6 genetic background, mice exhibit a shorter lifespan than wild-type, but exhibit low incidences of observable tumor formation. In the FVB/N background, which is more tumor-prone, mice show a significant increase in the spontaneous development of a broad range of tumor types.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Requires the intact death domain to associate with TNFRSF1A/TNFR1.
messages: Stimulation of TNF-alpha receptor TNFRSF1A leads to the formation of two distinct signaling complexes (PubMed:14585990). Plasma membrane-bound complex I is composed of TNFRSF1A, TRADD, RIPK1, TRAF2 and BIRC2/c-IAP1 or BIRC3 which interacts with CHUCK/IKK-alpha, IKBKB/IKK-beta and IKBKG/IKK-gamma promoting cell survival (PubMed:14585990). Subsequently, TRADD, RIPK1 and TRAF2 dissociate from TNFRSF1A and form cytoplasmic complex II with FADD and caspase CASP8 promoting cell apoptosis (By similarity). Within complex I, interacts with TNFRSF1A/TNFR1, TRAF2 and kinase RIPK1 (By similarity). Within complex I, interacts with TRPC4AP; the interaction promotes NF-kappa B activation (PubMed:14585990). UXT1 associates with complex I; the interaction prevents the formation of complex II (By similarity). Within complex I Interacts with scaffold protein DAB2IP (By similarity). Interacts with autophagy receptor SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with E3 ligase TRIP12 (PubMed:22561347). Interacts with kinase HIPK2 (By similarity). Interacts with keratin KRT14 (PubMed:16702408). Interacts with keratin KRT18 (By similarity). Interacts with KRT16 and KRT17 (PubMed:16702408). Interacts with FADD (PubMed:30185824). Interacts with TOMM70 (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Loxl4
gene id: 10090:Loxl4
uniprot id: E9Q600
uniprot id: Q8CEU1
uniprot id: Q924C6
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the lysyl oxidase family.
messages: Contains 1 lysine tyrosylquinone.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May modulate the formation of a collagenous extracellular matrix.
messages: Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine).
messages: The lysine tyrosylquinone cross-link (LTQ) is generated by condensation of the epsilon-amino group of a lysine with a topaquinone produced by oxidation of tyrosine.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Or1e30
gene id: 10090:Or1e30
uniprot id: Q8VEZ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Krt5
gene id: 10090:Krt5
uniprot id: Q32P04
uniprot id: Q922U2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in basal layer cells of the stratified squamous epithelia at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:29518391). Expressed in the skin after birth (PubMed:29518391). Expressed in ameloblasts at the cervical and apical mid-regions of mandibular molars at birth, abundance at the apical mid-region significantly increases at P1, and is maintained throughout enamel development until P9 when ameloblasts start losing their integrity (PubMed:12657653). Expressed in ameloblasts at the incisal region of mandibular molars at P3 (PubMed:12657653). Expressed at the Tomes' processes of ameloblasts at the incisal region at P5 (PubMed:12657653). Expression at the incisal region decreased at P7 and P9 (PubMed:12657653). Weakly expressed in the spinous and granular layers of the tongue at P20 (PubMed:32758484).
messages: Expressed in the corneal epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:26758872, PubMed:11408584). Expressed in the epidermis of the ear (at protein level) (PubMed:24751727). Expressed in the basal and spinous layers of the skin at birth (at protein level) (PubMed:11408584).
messages: Heterodimer of a type I and a type II keratin. Heterodimer with type I keratin KRT25 leading to the formation of keratin intermediate filament (KIF) network (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer (via 2B domains) with KRT14 (via 2B domains) (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C, when in a heterodimer with KRT14 (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with TCHP (By similarity). Interacts with EPPK1 (PubMed:18285451). Interacts with AMELX (PubMed:12657653). Interacts with PKP1 (via N-terminus) and PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Paws are frequently denuded and epidermis loses contact with the dermis following the mechanical stress of birth, mice die within 1 hour of birth (PubMed:11408584). Tongue cytolysis is evident following birth even before the first milk uptake (PubMed:11408584). Complete loss of keratin filaments in the basal layer, leading to cleavage of the epidermis in the subnuclear cytoplasm just superficial to the hemidesmosomes (PubMed:11408584). Increase in Krt6 expression in the spinous and lower granular layers as well as weakly in basal layer of the blistering roof of cytolyzing cells at birth (PubMed:11408584). Decrease in Krt14 expression in the skin following birth (PubMed:11408584). Increase in Langerhans cells in the epidermis (PubMed:19267394). Decrease in Ctnnd1/p120 localization to the plasma membrane and adherens junctions of basal keratinocytes (PubMed:19267394). Increase in the cytokines Cxcl16, Ccl2, Ccl19 and Ccl20 in the epidermis at birth (PubMed:19267394).
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1, AURKB and Rho-kinase, phosphorylation is regulated by the cell cycle (PubMed:29518391). Thr-24 phosphorylation, mediated by CDK1, peaks during prometaphase or metaphase cells with phosphorylated filamentous structures evident throughout the cytoplasm during early mitosis (PubMed:29518391). CDK1 phosphorylates Thr-24 in mitotic cells at the site of injury (PubMed:29518391).
messages: Required for the formation of keratin intermediate filaments in the basal epidermis and maintenance of the skin barrier in response to mechanical stress (PubMed:11408584). Regulates the recruitment of Langerhans cells to the epidermis, potentially by modulation of the abundance of macrophage chemotactic cytokines, macrophage inflammatory cytokines and CTNND1 localization in keratinocytes (PubMed:19267394).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

10090:Emc4
gene id: 10090:Emc4
uniprot id: Q9CZX9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMC4 family.
messages: Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. Preferentially accommodates proteins with transmembrane domains that are weakly hydrophobic or contain destabilizing features such as charged and aromatic residues. Involved in the cotranslational insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become ER membrane spanning helices. It is also required for the post-translational insertion of tail-anchored/TA proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. By mediating the proper cotranslational insertion of N-terminal transmembrane domains in an N-exo topology, with translocated N-terminus in the lumen of the ER, controls the topology of multi-pass membrane proteins like the G protein-coupled receptors. By regulating the insertion of various proteins in membranes, it is indirectly involved in many cellular processes.

10090:Rpl31
gene id: 10090:Rpl31
uniprot id: P62900
uniprot id: Q5M9K9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Cacfd1
gene id: 10090:Cacfd1
uniprot id: Q8BG21
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel flower family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pld3
gene id: 10090:Pld3
uniprot id: O35405
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 5'->3' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (PubMed:30111894). Regulates inflammatory cytokine responses via the degradation of nucleic acids, by reducing the concentration of ssDNA able to stimulate TLR9, a nucleotide-sensing receptor in collaboration with PLD4 (PubMed:30111894). May be important in myotube formation. Plays a role in lysosomal homeostasis. Involved in the regulation of endosomal protein sorting (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase D family.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit no altered phenotype except a exaggerated response of macrophages to TLR9 (PubMed:30111894). Morphology of PLD3-deficient brains does not reveal any major abnormalities but an altered lysosomal structure (PubMed:29386126). PDL3 and PLD4 double-deficient mice are unable to survive beyond the age of 21 days due to severe liver inflammation (PubMed:30111894). Livers from double-knockout mice develop lethal hepatic autoinflammatory disease that could be prevented by a single allele of either PDL3 or PLD4 (PubMed:30111894).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at higher level in brain than in non-nervous tissue. Expressed in mature neurons of the forebrain and appears to be turned on at late stages of neurogenesis. Expressed during late neuronal development in the forebrain (PubMed:9813063). Expressed in the pyramidal neurons of the cortex and hippocampus (PubMed:28128235). Low expression in the cerebellum (PubMed:30312375).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with APP.
messages: It was initially thought that PDL3 has phospholipase D activity due to its HKD motifs. The second HKD motif contains Glu instead of the canonical Asp. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure. Catalytic phospholipase D activity is still controversial (PubMed:30312375, PubMed:9813063) (By similarity). Its closest homolog PLD4, exhibits no phospholipase activity (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome lumen
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Proteolytically processed to a soluble form that is stable within endosomes and lysosomes. During transport through the secretory pathway becomes proteolysed by cysteine proteases, thereby releasing a stable soluble lysosomal lumenal polypeptide, whereas the transmembrane-bound fragment is rapidly degraded. Its transport route to lysosomes involves ubiquitination and the ESCRT complex.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination mediates sorting into lysosomes.
messages: Up-regulated during myoblast differentiation into myotubes.

10090:Cldn7
gene id: 10090:Cldn7
uniprot id: Q9Z261
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Directly interacts with TJP1/ZO-1, TJP2/ZO-2 and TJP3/ZO-3 (PubMed:10601346). The phosphorylated form interacts with EPCAM (By similarity).
messages: Expressed predominantly in lung and kidney.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: tight junction

10090:Tead2
gene id: 10090:Tead2
uniprot id: P48301
uniprot id: Q3UPV9
uniprot id: Q80UL2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highest expression in brain. High levels also found in lung, testis and ovarian follicle cells. Lower levels in heart and spleen.
messages: In the embryo, levels fall after fertilization until the 2-4 cell stage and then increase rapidly.
messages: Interacts with YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor which plays a key role in the Hippo signaling pathway, a pathway involved in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein MST1/MST2, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Acts by mediating gene expression of YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ, thereby regulating cell proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction (By similarity). Binds to the SPH and GT-IIC 'enhansons' (5'-GTGGAATGT-3'). May be involved in the gene regulation of neural development. Binds to the M-CAT motif.

10090:Spats2l
gene id: 10090:Spats2l
uniprot id: E9PVQ3
uniprot id: Q91WJ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPATS2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: nucleolus

10090:Gm10670
gene id: 10090:Gm10670
uniprot id: K7N6B7
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tekt2
gene id: 10090:Tekt2
uniprot id: Q922G7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tektin family.
messages: Expressed in the testes (at protein level).
messages: Localized in the flagella of elongating spermatids from developmental step 15 to maturity.
messages: May interact with CCDC172 (PubMed:24394471). Interacts with TEKT3 (By similarity).
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia and flagellar axoneme (PubMed:15340058). Plays a key role in the assembly or attachment of the inner dynein arm to microtubules in sperm flagella and tracheal cilia (PubMed:15340058). Forms filamentous polymers in the walls of ciliary and flagellar microtubules (PubMed:15340058).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: flagellum axoneme
messages: microtubule organizing center

10090:Uqcrc1
gene id: 10090:Uqcrc1
uniprot id: Q9CZ13
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of Lys-138 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. UQCRC1/QCR1 subfamily.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783). Interacts with UQCC6 (PubMed:32161263). Interacts with STMP1 (PubMed:35101990).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c (By similarity). The 2 core subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2 are homologous to the 2 mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) subunits beta-MPP and alpha-MPP respectively, and they seem to have preserved their MPP processing properties. May be involved in the in situ processing of UQCRFS1 into the mature Rieske protein and its mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS)/subunit 9 when incorporated into complex III (By similarity). Seems to play an important role in the maintenance of proper mitochondrial function in nigral dopaminergic neurons (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in neurons and astrocytes of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Results in early embryonic lethality.

10090:Spa17
gene id: 10090:Spa17
uniprot id: Q545M2
uniprot id: Q62252
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Homodimer. May interact with ROPN1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Sperm surface zona pellucida binding protein. Helps to bind spermatozoa to the zona pellucida with high affinity. Might function in binding zona pellucida and carbohydrates (By similarity).
messages: Sperm surface zona pellucida binding protein. Helps to bind spermatozoa to the zona pellucida with high affinity. Might function in binding zona pellucida and carbohydrates.
messages: Testis- and sperm-specific.

10090:Or13a25
gene id: 10090:Or13a25
uniprot id: Q8VGL9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trem2
gene id: 10090:Trem2
uniprot id: Q99NH8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain, specifically in microglia (at protein level) (PubMed:15728241, PubMed:28802038, PubMed:28855301, PubMed:28077724, PubMed:28592261, PubMed:29794134, PubMed:29752066, PubMed:27477018, PubMed:28559417). Expressed in macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:11241283, PubMed:28802038, PubMed:28559417). Expressed at higher levels in the CNS, heart and lung than in lymph nodes or in other non-lymphoid tissues such as kidney, liver and testis (PubMed:12472885). In the CNS not all microglia express TREM2 (PubMed:12472885). Brain regions with an incomplete blood-brain barrier had the lowest percentages of TREM2 expressing microglia, whereas the lateral entorhinal and cingulate cortex had the highest percentages (PubMed:12472885).
messages: Expression is increased during oxygen-glucose deprivation, reaching the highest expression level 12 hours after reoxygenation. Expression is also increased by ischemia, where maximum expression is reached 7 days after ischemic conditions.
messages: Forms a receptor signaling complex with TYROBP which mediates signaling and cell activation following ligand binding (PubMed:11241283). Acts as a receptor for amyloid-beta protein 42, a cleavage product of the amyloid-beta precursor protein APP, and mediates its uptake and degradation by microglia (PubMed:27477018, PubMed:29518356). Binding to amyloid-beta 42 mediates microglial activation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL6R and CCL3, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine ARG1 (PubMed:27477018, PubMed:29518356). Acts as a receptor for lipoprotein particles such as LDL, VLDL, and HDL and for apolipoproteins such as APOA1, APOA2, APOB, APOE, APOE2, APOE3, APOE4, and CLU and enhances their uptake in microglia (PubMed:27477018). Binds phospholipids (preferably anionic lipids) such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingomyelin (By similarity). Regulates microglial proliferation by acting as an upstream regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade (PubMed:28077724). Required for microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons (PubMed:24990881). Also required for microglial activation and phagocytosis of myelin debris after neuronal injury and of neuronal synapses during synapse elimination in the developing brain (PubMed:15728241, PubMed:28592261, PubMed:29752066, PubMed:25631124). Regulates microglial chemotaxis and process outgrowth, and also the microglial response to oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:30232263, PubMed:29663649, PubMed:28483841, PubMed:29859094). It suppresses PI3K and NF-kappa-B signaling in response to lipopolysaccharide; thus promoting phagocytosis, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production, inhibiting apoptosis and increasing expression of IL10 and TGFB (PubMed:29663649). During oxidative stress, it promotes anti-apoptotic NF-kappa-B signaling and ERK signaling (PubMed:28592261). Plays a role in microglial MTOR…
messages: Mice exhibit a strong increase in self-grooming behavior, defective social behavior, and some sensorimotor defects (PubMed:25631124, PubMed:29752066). Aged mice show decreases in age-related neuronal loss and increases in synaptic density in the substantia nigra and the hippocampus (PubMed:30548312). They also exhibit a decrease in the connectivity between the retrosplenial cortices, subiculum, hippocampus and anterior cingulate, as a result of defective synaptic growth thus impairing their function (PubMed:29752066).
messages: Monomer (By similarity). After ectodomain shedding, the extracellular domain oligomerizes, which is enhanced and stabilized by binding of phosphatidylserine (By similarity). Interacts with TYROBP/DAP12 (PubMed:11241283, PubMed:29518356). Interaction with TYROBP is required for stabilization of the TREM2 C-terminal fragment (TREM2-CTF) which is produced by proteolytic processing (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Undergoes ectodomain shedding through proteolytic cleavage by ADAM10 and ADAM17 to produce a transmembrane segment, the TREM2 C-terminal fragment (TREM2-CTF), which is subsequently cleaved by gamma-secretase.

10090:Zfp787
gene id: 10090:Zfp787
uniprot id: Q8BIF9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Grb10
gene id: 10090:Grb10
uniprot id: Q60760
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein which modulates coupling of a number of cell surface receptor kinases with specific signaling pathways. Binds to, and suppress signals from, activated receptors tyrosine kinases, including the insulin (INSR) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF1R) receptors. The inhibitory effect can be achieved by 2 mechanisms: interference with the signaling pathway and increased receptor degradation. Delays and reduces AKT1 phosphorylation in response to insulin stimulation. Blocks association between INSR and IRS1 and IRS2 and prevents insulin-stimulated IRS1 and IRS2 tyrosine phosphorylation. Recruits NEDD4 to IGF1R, leading to IGF1R ubiquitination, increased internalization and degradation by both the proteasomal and lysosomal pathways. A similar role in the mediation of ubiquitination has also been suggested with INSR. Negatively regulates Wnt signaling by interacting with LRP6 intracellular portion and interfering with the binding of AXIN1 to LRP6. Positive regulator of the KDR/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. May inhibit NEDD4-mediated degradation of KDR/VEGFR-2.
messages: At 13.5 dpc, expressed in most embryonic tissues and in placenta. At 14.5 dpc, expressed at high levels in a variety of muscle tissues, including that of the face and trunk, the intercostal muscles, the diaphragm and cardiac muscle, the tongue and limbs (at protein level). In the brain, most abundant expression in the subependymal layers, in the meninges and in the choroid plexus (both epithelium and mesenchyme) (at protein level). High levels in the liver, bronchioles and the cartilage of the atlas, ribs and long bones (at protein level). In the kidney, expression limited to the developing tubules and mesenchyme (at protein level). Also detected in the adrenal gland and pancreatic bud (at protein level). At 12.5 dpc, paternal allele expression detected in the cartilage of the limbs, ribs and face and in the meninges. At 14.5 dpc, paternal allele expressed in the cartilage of the axis, ribs, head, and long bones, in the heart, lungs, gut, umbilicus and tongue, as well as in the meninges of the fourth ventricle. Not detected in the skeletal muscle. In most tissues, paternal expression is lower than maternal.
messages: Belongs to the GRB7/10/14 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Disruption of the maternal allele results in overgrowth of both the embryo and placenta such that mutant mice are at birth about 30% larger than normal. This effect occurs during embryogenesis and results in addition in disproportionate overgrowth of the liver with relative sparing of the brain. The major part of the growth phenotype seems to be IGF2-independent.
messages: Interacts with ligand-activated tyrosine kinase receptors, including FGFR1, INSR, IGF1R, MET and PDGFRB in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner through the SH2 domain. Poorly binds to the EGFR. Directly interacts with MAP3K14/NIK and is recruited to the EGFR-ERBB2 complex (By similarity). Interacts with GIGYF1/PERQ1 and GIGYF2/TNRC15. When unphosphorylated, interacts with AKT1 and when phosphorylated with YWHAE/14-3-3 epsilon. Interacts with NEDD4. Interacts with LRP6, thus interfering with the binding of AXIN1 to LRP6. Binds to activated NRAS (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues upon EGF, FGF and PDGF stimulation.
messages: Phosphorylation by mTORC1 stabilizes and activates GRB10 constituting a feedback pathway by which mTORC1 inhibits INSR-dependent signaling.
messages: Predominant isoform in most tissues.
messages: The GRB10 locus is imprinted. The maternal allele is expressed in most tissues, except the brain where it is expressed from the paternal allele. Expression from the maternal allele in fetal and adult brain was however described in PubMed:10861285.
messages: The PH domain binds relatively non-specifically to several phosphoinositides, including PI(5)P, PI(4,5)P2, PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3, with modest affinities.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Pramel17
gene id: 10090:Pramel17
uniprot id: Q3UTC0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Rcc2
gene id: 10090:Rcc2
uniprot id: Q8BK67
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Chromosome
messages: Induced by TP53/p53 in response to oxidative stress and DNA damage.
messages: Interacts with RAC1 (PubMed:25074804). Interacts with nucleotide-free and with GDP and GTP-bound forms of RAC1, with a slight preference for GDP-bound RAC1. Binds preferentially to the nucleotide-free form of RAC1. Interacts with CORO1C. Interacts with microtubules (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Multifunctional protein that may affect its functions by regulating the activity of small GTPases, such as RAC1 and RALA. Required for normal progress through the cell cycle, both during interphase and during mitosis. Required for the presence of normal levels of MAD2L1, AURKB and BIRC5 on inner centromeres during mitosis, and for normal attachment of kinetochores to mitotic spindles. Required for normal organization of the microtubule cytoskeleton in interphase cells. Functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RALA. Interferes with the activation of RAC1 by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (By similarity). Prevents accumulation of active, GTP-bound RAC1, and suppresses RAC1-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and formation of membrane protrusions (PubMed:25074804). Required for normal cellular responses to contacts with the extracellular matrix of adjacent cells, and for directional cell migration in response to a fibronectin gradient (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: centromere
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: nucleolus
messages: spindle

10090:Gtse1
gene id: 10090:Gtse1
uniprot id: Q8R080
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: By p53 when exposed to different DNA damaging agents, including gamma irradiation and chemotherapeutic drugs.
messages: Expression begins at S phase, accumulates in late S/G2 phase and disappears in G1 phase.
messages: May be involved in p53-induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by interfering with microtubule rearrangements that are required to enter mitosis. Overexpression delays G2/M phase progression.
messages: Phosphorylated in mitosis.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or12d13
gene id: 10090:Or12d13
uniprot id: Q920Y8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Efr3a
gene id: 10090:Efr3a
uniprot id: Q8BG67
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EFR3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a complex required to localize phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) to the plasma membrane. The complex acts as a regulator of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) synthesis. In the complex, EFR3A probably acts as the membrane-anchoring component. Also involved in responsiveness to G-protein-coupled receptors; it is however unclear whether this role is direct or indirect.
messages: Component of a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) complex, composed of PI4KA, EFR3 (EFR3A or EFR3B), TTC7 (TTC7A or TTC7B) and HYCC (HYCC1 or HYCC2).
messages: Expression is reduced in animals with impaired hearing.
messages: Palmitoylated at its N-terminus, anchoring the protein to the plasma membrane.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:25380825). Expressed in neurons of the superior olivary complex of the auditory brainstem. Also expressed at lower levels in the cochlear nucleus, the lateral leminiscal nuclei and the inferior collicus (PubMed:15363888).
messages: cytosol

10090:Sap18
gene id: 10090:Sap18
uniprot id: E9Q317
uniprot id: O55128
uniprot id: Q4FZH3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SAP18 family.
messages: Component of the SIN3-repressing complex. Enhances the ability of SIN3-HDAC1-mediated transcriptional repression. When tethered to the promoter, it can direct the formation of a repressive complex to core histone proteins. Auxiliary component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junction on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. Component of the ASAP and PSAP complexes which bind RNA in a sequence-independent manner and are proposed to be recruited to the EJC prior to or during the splicing process and to regulate specific excision of introns in specific transcription subsets. The ASAP complex can inhibit mRNA processing during in vitro splicing reactions. The ASAP complex promotes apoptosis and is disassembled after induction of apoptosis. Involved in the splicing modulation of BCL2L1/Bcl-X (and probably other apoptotic genes); specifically inhibits the formation of proapoptotic isoforms such as Bcl-X(S); the activity is different from the established EJC assembly and function (By similarity).
messages: Component of the SIN3-repressing complex. Enhances the ability of SIN3-HDAC1-mediated transcriptional repression. When tethered to the promoter, it can direct the formation of a repressive complex to core histone proteins. Auxiliary component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junction on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. Component of the ASAP and PSAP complexes which bind RNA in a sequence-independent manner and are proposed to be recruited to the EJC prior to or during the splicing process and to regulate specific excision of introns in specific transcription subsets. The ASAP complex can inhibit mRNA processing during in vitro splicing reactions. The ASAP complex promotes apoptosis and is disassembled after induction of apoptosis. Involved in the splicing modulation of BCL2L1/Bcl-X (and probably other apoptotic genes); specifically inhibits the formation of proapoptotic isoforms such as Bcl-X(S); the activity is different from the established EJC assembly and function.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested; highest levels in the brain, kidney and muscle; lowest levels in lung spleen, liver, intestine and testis, and moderate levels in salivary gland and heart.
messages: Found in a mRNA splicing-dependent exon junction complex (EJC). Component of the heterotrimeric ASAP (apoptosis- and splicing-associated protein) and PSAP complexes consisting of RNPS1, SAP18 and either ACIN1 or PNN, respectively; the ASAP and PSAP complexes probably are formed mutually exclusive. For the ASAP complex, the association of SAP18 seems to require a preformed RNPS1:ACIN1 complex. Forms a complex with SIN3A and HDAC1. Interacts with SUFU.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle

10090:Cntnap3
gene id: 10090:Cntnap3
uniprot id: E9PY62
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the neurexin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Or2c1
gene id: 10090:Or2c1
uniprot id: P23275
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Olfactory epithelium. Present in various subcellular compartments of the olfactory sensory neurons, particularly in the axonal processes and neve terminals.
messages: Olfactory receptor that is activated by the binding of organosulfur odorants with thioether groups such as (methylthio)methanetiol (MTMT) (PubMed:29659735). Also binds odorants acetophenone and benzaldehyde (PubMed:25901328). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (Probable). May be involved in the molecular processes underlying fasciculation and targeting of olfactory axons (PubMed:15342743).

10090:Nle1
gene id: 10090:Nle1
uniprot id: Q3URT5
uniprot id: Q8VEJ4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Embryonic lethality prior to 6.5 dpc with death of inner mass cells. Embryos implant but die shortly after.
messages: Expression detected in the embryo at 7.0 dpc, 11.0 dpc and 15.0 dpc and also in the adult.
messages: Highest expression in heart, brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and testis with lower levels in spleen and kidney.
messages: Plays a role in regulating Notch activity (Probable). Plays a role in regulating the expression of CDKN1A and several members of the Wnt pathway, probably via its effects on Notch activity. Required during embryogenesis for inner mass cell survival.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ampd3
gene id: 10090:Ampd3
uniprot id: O08739
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AMP deaminase plays a critical role in energy metabolism.
messages: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Found in heart, lung brain, spleen, kidney and to a lesser extent in liver.
messages: Homotetramer.

10090:Smc1a
gene id: 10090:Smc1a
uniprot id: Q9CU62
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. SMC1 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SMC3 in cohesin complexes. Cohesin complexes are composed of the SMC1 (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3 heterodimer attached via their SMC hinge domain, RAD21 which link them, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3), which interacts with RAD21. In germ cell cohesin complexes, SMC1A is mutually exclusive with SMC1B (PubMed:10375619). Interacts with STAG3 (PubMed:11483963). Found in a complex with CDCA5, SMC3 and RAD21, PDS5A/SCC-112 and PDS5B/APRIN. Found in a complex containing POLE and SMC3. Interacts with BRCA1, SYCP2, NDC80, RPGR and BRAT1. The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4. NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in chromosome cohesion during cell cycle and in DNA repair. Involved in DNA repair via its interaction with BRCA1 and its related phosphorylation by ATM, and works as a downstream effector in the ATM/NBS1 branch of S-phase checkpoint (By similarity). Central component of cohesin complex. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis. Involved in DNA repair via its interaction with BRCA1 and its related phosphorylation by ATM, or via its phosphorylation by ATR. Works as a downstream effector both in the ATM/NBS1 branch and in the ATR/MSH2 branch of S-phase checkpoint.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated upon ionizing radiation or DNA methylation. Phosphorylation of Ser-957 and Ser-966 activates it and is required for S-phase checkpoint activation (By similarity).
messages: The flexible SMC hinge domain, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions, allows the heterotypic interaction with the corresponding domain of SMC3, forming a V-shaped heterodimer. The two heads of the heterodimer are then connected by different ends of the cleavable RAD21 protein, forming a ring structure (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the DCX(DCAF15) complex, leading to its degradation.
messages: Ubiquitous (at protein level).
messages: centromere

10090:Klhdc3
gene id: 10090:Klhdc3
uniprot id: Q8VEM9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of a CRL2 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, also named ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) complex, composed of CUL2, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and substrate-specific adapter KLHDC3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed specifically in testis, particularly in pachytene spermatocytes.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of a Cul2-RING (CRL2) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which recognizes a C-degron located at the extreme C terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation. The C-degron recognized by the DesCEND pathway is usually a motif of less than ten residues and can be present in full-length proteins, truncated proteins or proteolytically cleaved forms. The CRL2(KLHDC3) complex specifically recognizes proteins with a glycine (Gly) at the C-terminus, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation: recognizes the C-terminal -Arg-(Xaa)n-Arg-Gly, -Arg-(Xaa)n-Lys-Gly, and -Arg-(Xaa)n-Gln-Gly degrons. The CRL2(KLHDC3) complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of truncated SELENOV and SEPHS2 selenoproteins produced by failed UGA/Sec decoding, which end with a glycine (By similarity). May be involved in meiotic recombination process (PubMed:12606021).

10090:Rasgrp4
gene id: 10090:Rasgrp4
uniprot id: Q8BTM9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RASGRP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Due to an intron retention.
messages: Expressed at all stages in the development of mast cells.
messages: Expressed by mast cells and their progenitors (at protein level).
messages: Functions as a cation- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-regulated nucleotide exchange factor activating Ras through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. May function in mast cells differentiation.
messages: Minor isoform which is not activated by DAG and probably not functional. Preferentially expressed in the C3H/HeJ strain. May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: The phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger mediates the binding and the functional activation by DAG.

10090:Gfod1
gene id: 10090:Gfod1
uniprot id: Q3UHD2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ndufaf5
gene id: 10090:Ndufaf5
uniprot id: A2APY7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arginine hydroxylase involved in the assembly of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I, MT-ND1) at early stages. Acts by mediating hydroxylation of 'Arg-111' of NDUFS7. May also have methyltransferase activity.
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Interacts with NDUFAF8, leading to stabilize NDUFAF5. Interacts with NDUFS7. Interacts with PYURF (via TRM112 domain); the interaction is direct and stabilizes NDUFAF5 protein (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Crispld2
gene id: 10090:Crispld2
uniprot id: Q8BZQ2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to heparin, dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate.
messages: Expressed in the developing oropharynx and nasopharynx at 13.5 dpc, in the mandible at 14.5 dpc and in the cartilage primordia of the nasal bones, palate and tooth germs at 17.5 dpc. Detected in the embryonic liver at 13.5, 14.5 and 17.5 dpc.
messages: Present in kidney renal tubules (at protein level).
messages: Promotes matrix assembly.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mettl17
gene id: 10090:Mettl17
uniprot id: Q3U2U7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Rsm22 family.
messages: Interacts with mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (mt-SSU) subunits MRPS15 and MRPS27.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent RNA methyltransferase required to stabilize the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (mt-SSU) (PubMed:31487196). Required for protein translation in mitochondria (PubMed:31487196).

10090:Prss56
gene id: 10090:Prss56
uniprot id: F2YMG0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the eye: present in the retina and in the optic nerve.
messages: First detected in the eye at 17 dpc and maintained into adulthood.
messages: Mice display the glaucoma-relevant mutant 4 (Grm4) phenotype, with angle-closure glaucoma and eyes having short axial length. High intraocular pressure (IOP) in mutant eyes increases with age and the anterior chambers become enlarged in some eyes at around 3 months of age. Eye's angles are not occluded with abnormal tissue (synechia) and have detectable trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal (2 important drainage structures). However, compromised aqueous humor drainage (outflow) contributes to the IOP elevation. After IOP elevation, mutants develop glaucomatous neurodegeneration, which is characterized by retinal ganglion cell death and optic nerve atrophy.
messages: Serine protease required during eye development.

10090:Yipf4
gene id: 10090:Yipf4
uniprot id: Q8C407
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the YIP1 family.
messages: Interacts with YIPF3 and YIPF5.
messages: Involved in the maintenance of the Golgi structure.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Rrp1
gene id: 10090:Rrp1
uniprot id: P56183
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRP1 family.
messages: Embryonic, expression starting between days 1 and 10.
messages: Interacts with C1QBP. Interacts with RRP1B.
messages: Plays a critical role in the generation of 28S rRNA.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ark2c
gene id: 10090:Ark2c
uniprot id: E9QAU8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Around 10% of mice die at birth. While surviving pups are the same size as their littermates at birth, they fail to thrive and grow, reaching only 50% of the size of their siblings at postnatal day 15. They die before weaning during the first 3 postnatal weeks. Null pups display relaxed forepaws and reduced dorsiflexion. Hind limb defects are also observed. Defects are caused by inefficient growth of motor axons to distant muscles.
messages: Belongs to the Arkadia family.
messages: Binds free ubiquitin non-covalently via its RING-type zinc finger. Ubiquitin-binding leads to enhance the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity by stabilizing the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (donor ubiquitin) in the 'closed' conformation and activating ubiquitin transfer.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of motor axon elongation (PubMed:23610558). Required for efficient motor axon extension in the dorsal forelimb by enhancing the transcriptional responses of the SMAD1/SMAD5/SMAD8 effectors, which are activated downstream of BMP (PubMed:23610558). Acts by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of SMAD inhibitors such as SMAD6, SMAD7, SKI and SNON isoform of SKIL (PubMed:23610558).
messages: Expressed in neurons of the nervous system.
messages: Monomer; binding to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 does not trigger homodimerization.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING-type zinc finger mediates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity and binds directly to free ubiquitin. Non-covalent ubiquitin-binding stabilizes the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 (donor ubiquitin) in the 'closed' conformation and stimulates ubiquitin transfer.

10090:Grid2
gene id: 10090:Grid2
uniprot id: Q61625
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRID2 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Grid2 are the cause of the Lurcher phenotype. Heterozygous animals display a characteristic swaying of the hind quarters and jerky up and down movements following cerebellar Purkinje cell degeneration during postnatal development. Homozygous animals die shortly after birth because of a massive loss of midbrain and hindbrain neurons during late embryogenesis.
messages: Expressed selectively in cerebellar Purkinje cells where it is localized in dendritic spines.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. Promotes synaptogenesis and mediates the D-Serine-dependent long term depression signals and AMPA receptor endocytosis of cerebellar parallel fiber-Purkinje cell (PF-PC) synapses through the beta-NRX1-CBLN1-GRID2 triad complex.
messages: Tetramer; dimer of dimers (By similarity). Interacts with EML2, MAGI2 (via PDZ domains) and AP4M1 (By similarity). Interacts with BECN1, GOPC, GRID2IP, SHANK1 and SHANK2 (PubMed:12372286, PubMed:15207857, PubMed:17027646). Interacts with CBLN2, but not with CBLN4 (PubMed:22220752). Interacts with CBLN1 (via C1q domain); the interaction is CBLN1-NRX1 complex formation-dependent; CBLN1-binding is calcium-independent; CBLN1 hexamers anchor GRID2 N-terminal domain dimers to monomeric NRXN1 isoform beta; promotes synaptogenesis and mediates the D-Serine-dependent long term depression signals and AMPA receptor endocytosis (PubMed:20395510, PubMed:21410790, PubMed:22220752, PubMed:29782851).
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with GOPC.

10090:Or1o11
gene id: 10090:Or1o11
uniprot id: Q8VFA1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Snrpn
gene id: 10090:Snrpn
uniprot id: P63163
uniprot id: Q3UN87
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the snRNP SmB/SmN family.
messages: Encoded on a bicistronic transcript that code for two proteins, SNRPN and SNURF.
messages: Expressed in brain and embryonic stem (ES) cells.
messages: Interacts with TDRD3.
messages: May be involved in tissue-specific alternative RNA processing events.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cby1
gene id: 10090:Cby1
uniprot id: Q9D1C2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Chibby' is Japanese for 'small'; the gene was so named for the RNAi phenotype seen in flies.
messages: Belongs to the chibby family.
messages: Found in heart, brain, lung, liver, muscle, kidney and testis. Levels are approximately 3-fold higher in embryonic and adult heart than in lung or liver.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with polycystin-2/PKD2 and GM130. Interacts with the C-terminal region of CTNNB1. Interacts (C-terminus) with TCIM (C-terminus), TCIM competes with CTNNB1 for the interaction with CBY1. Interacts with FAM92A; this interaction facilitates targeting of FAM92A to cilium basal body. Interacts with CIBAR2.
messages: Inhibits the Wnt/Wingless pathway by binding to CTNNB1/beta-catenin and inhibiting beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation through competition with TCF/LEF transcription factors. Has also been shown to play a role in regulating the intracellular trafficking of polycystin-2/PKD2 and possibly of other intracellular proteins. Promotes adipocyte and cardiomyocyte differentiation.
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in early stages of embryonic stem cell differentiation but decreases at later stages when high expression is restricted to cardiomyocytes.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Rmnd5a
gene id: 10090:Rmnd5a
uniprot id: Q80YQ8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. MAEA and RMND5A are both required for catalytic activity of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Catalytic activity of the complex is required for normal cell proliferation. The CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is not required for the degradation of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, such as FBP1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Cep85l
gene id: 10090:Cep85l
uniprot id: A0A1W2P884
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CEP85 family.
messages: Knockdown of the expression into neural stem cells of the mouse neocortex causes a neuronal migration defect.
messages: Plays an essential role in neuronal cell migration.
messages: centrosome

10090:Pkd1
gene id: 10090:Pkd1
uniprot id: O08852
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After synthesis, undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage between Leu-3040 and Thr-3041 in the GPS domain (PubMed:25405894). Cleavage at the GPS domain occurs through a cis-autoproteolytic mechanism involving an ester-intermediate via N-O acyl rearrangement (By similarity). This process takes place in the early secretory pathway, depends on initial N-glycosylation, and requires the REJ domain (By similarity). PKD1 is ubiquitously and incompletely cleaved in wild-type mice, so that uncleaved and cleaved PKD1 molecules coexist. The differential patterns of cleavage during embryonic development, as well as in adult mice, suggest different functions of uncleaved and cleaved molecules (PubMed:18003909).
messages: Belongs to the polycystin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a heteromeric calcium-permeable ion channel formed by PKD1 and PKD2 that is activated by interaction between PKD1 and a Wnt family member, such as WNT3A and WNT9B. Both PKD1 and PKD2 are required for channel activity (By similarity). Involved in renal tubulogenesis (PubMed:24939912). Involved in fluid-flow mechanosensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium (PubMed:12514735). Acts as a regulator of cilium length, together with PKD2 (PubMed:20096584). The dynamic control of cilium length is essential in the regulation of mechanotransductive signaling. The cilium length response creates a negative feedback loop whereby fluid shear-mediated deflection of the primary cilium, which decreases intracellular cAMP, leads to cilium shortening and thus decreases flow-induced signaling. May be an ion-channel regulator. Involved in adhesive protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with PKD2; the interaction is required for ciliary localization (PubMed:25405894). Component of a heterotetrameric channel complex with PKD2; the tetramer contains one PKD1 chain and three PKD2 chains (By similarity). Interacts with PKD2L1 (PubMed:15548533). Interacts with PRKX; involved in differentiation and controlled morphogenesis of the kidney. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with WNT3A, WNT4 and WNT9B (By similarity). Interacts with WNT5A, DVL1 and DVL2 (PubMed:27214281). Interacts with NPHP1 (via SH3 domain) (PubMed:20856870). Interacts with BBS1, BBS4, BBS5 and TTC8. Interacts with RGS7 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal domain) with RABEP1; the interaction connects PKD1:PKD2 to GGA1 and ARL3 that mediate the ciliary targeting (PubMed:25405894).
messages: Knockin mice expressing non-cleavable PKD1 show a hypomorphic phenotype. They are viable, show rapid cystic dilation in renal collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule, but not in the proximal portion of the nephron, during the postnatal period, and die with severe uremia, mostly at 3 weeks of age. Additionally, they show dilation of the common bile duct and intrahepatic biliary ducts, but develop a normal pancreas within their life span.
messages: The LDL-receptor class A domain is atypical; the potential calcium-binding site is missing.
messages: cilium

10090:Uprt
gene id: 10090:Uprt
uniprot id: B1AVZ0
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPRTase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The uracil binding region known from UPRTases is missing.

10090:Klra4
gene id: 10090:Klra4
uniprot id: Q542S4
uniprot id: Q60651
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with the adapter protein TYROBP/DAP12; the interaction leads to natural killer cell activation (PubMed:9647200).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor on natural killer (NK) cells for class I MHC.

10090:Or5b94
gene id: 10090:Or5b94
uniprot id: Q0VEV7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or9g4
gene id: 10090:Or9g4
uniprot id: A2ALD2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ktn1
gene id: 10090:Ktn1
uniprot id: Q61595
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the kinectin family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in all tissues examined including 12-day embryo, adult heart, brain, ovary, kidney, lung, small intestine, spleen, thymus and pancreas.
messages: Isoform 6, isoform 7 and isoform 8 are detected in embryonic hippocampus but not in later developmental stages. Isoform 14, isoform 15 and isoform 16 are adult-specific.
messages: Receptor for kinesin thus involved in kinesin-driven vesicle motility. Accumulates in integrin-based adhesion complexes (IAC) upon integrin aggregation by fibronectin (By similarity).

10090:Psmb3
gene id: 10090:Psmb3
uniprot id: Q545G0
uniprot id: Q9R1P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the proteasome complex.
messages: Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Non-catalytic component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7.

10090:Dffa
gene id: 10090:Dffa
uniprot id: O54786
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Caspase-3 cleaves DFF45 at 2 sites to generate an active factor.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer of DFFA and DFFB.
messages: Inhibitor of the caspase-activated DNase (DFF40).

10090:Cdx2
gene id: 10090:Cdx2
uniprot id: P43241
uniprot id: Q543L9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Caudal homeobox family.
messages: Can bind DNA as a monomer or homodimer.
messages: In the intestine, detected in ileum and proximal and distal colon (at protein level) (PubMed:16027724). In adult small intestine, predominantly localized in crypt and lower villus cells of the epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:11729123). Expressed in the intestine but not detected in other tissues including stomach, liver, kidney, spleen, brain, heart, lung, pancreas, skeletal muscle and testis (PubMed:7935448). Expressed specifically in gut epithelium where it is not restricted to a particular cell lineage. Abundant expression is seen in the proximal colon with slightly lower levels in distal colon (PubMed:7910823, PubMed:1671571). Expression in the proximal colon is not restricted either to a particular cell lineage or stage of differentiation while in the distal colon it is more abundant in the differentiated cells towards the top of the crypt.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-60 reduces transactivation capacity (PubMed:11729123). Phosphorylation at Ser-281 reduces transactivation capacity and increases ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation (PubMed:16027724).
messages: Transcription factor which regulates the transcription of multiple genes expressed in the intestinal epithelium (PubMed:9933478, PubMed:16027724). Binds to the promoter of the intestinal sucrase-isomaltase SI and activates SI transcription (PubMed:7935448). Binds to the DNA sequence 5'-ATAAAAACTTAT-3' in the promoter region of VDR and activates VDR transcription (PubMed:9933478). Binds to and activates transcription of LPH (By similarity). Activates transcription of CLDN2 and intestinal mucin MUC2 (PubMed:16027724). Binds to the 5'-AATTTTTTACAACACCT-3' DNA sequence in the promoter region of CA1 and activates CA1 transcription (PubMed:9512360). Important in broad range of functions from early differentiation to maintenance of the intestinal epithelial lining of both the small and large intestine. Binds preferentially to methylated DNA (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Hfe
gene id: 10090:Hfe
uniprot id: P70387
uniprot id: Q5SZ87
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Binds TFR through the extracellular domain in a pH-dependent manner.
messages: Binds to transferrin receptor (TFR) and reduces its affinity for iron-loaded transferrin.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cd34
gene id: 10090:Cd34
uniprot id: Q543B6
uniprot id: Q543Y2
uniprot id: Q64314
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CD34 family.
messages: Expressed in the kidney where it is detected in the thin limb of Henle's loop (at protein level) (PubMed:31605441). Highly expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cell lines, brain and testis, and moderately in the thymus, spleen, and bone marrow, but not in adult liver (PubMed:1709048).
messages: Highly glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues by PKC.
messages: Possible adhesion molecule with a role in early hematopoiesis by mediating the attachment of stem cells to the bone marrow extracellular matrix or directly to stromal cells. Could act as a scaffold for the attachment of lineage specific glycans, allowing stem cells to bind to lectins expressed by stromal cells or other marrow components. Presents carbohydrate ligands to selectins (By similarity).

10090:Galm
gene id: 10090:Galm
uniprot id: Q8K157
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aldose epimerase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.
messages: Mutarotase that catalyzes the interconversion of beta-D-galactose and alpha-D-galactose during galactose metabolism. Beta-D-galactose is metabolized in the liver into glucose 1-phosphate, the primary metabolic fuel, by the action of four enzymes that constitute the Leloir pathway: GALM, GALK1 (galactokinase), GALT (galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase) and GALE (UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase). Involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium between the beta- and alpha-anomers of galactose, therefore ensuring a sufficient supply of the alpha-anomer for GALK1. Also active on D-glucose although shows a preference for galactose over glucose.

10090:Pof1b
gene id: 10090:Pof1b
uniprot id: Q8K4L4
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in ovary between 16.5 dpc and P5.
messages: Expression absent in adult ovary.
messages: Interacts with nonmuscle actin.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator. The first methionine is not conserved among other organisms, but rat. It could be rodent-specific.
messages: Plays a key role in the organization of epithelial monolayers by regulating the actin cytoskeleton. May be involved in ovary development (By similarity).
messages: tight junction

10090:Ptafr
gene id: 10090:Ptafr
uniprot id: Q62035
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: By lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Found in a range of organs. Expressed most strongly in spleen, followed by skeletal muscle, lung and small intestine. Expressed at moderate levels in the heart. Expressed at relatively low levels in the brain, liver and kidney.
messages: Interacts with ARRB1.
messages: Receptor for platelet activating factor, a chemotactic phospholipid mediator that possesses potent inflammatory, smooth-muscle contractile and hypotensive activity. Seems to mediate its action via a G protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

10090:Eogt
gene id: 10090:Eogt
uniprot id: Q8BYW9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 61 family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of a single N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-GlcNAc to a serine or threonine residue in extracellular proteins resulting in their modification with a beta-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Specifically glycosylates the Thr residue located between the fifth and sixth conserved cysteines of folded EGF-like domains.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed at embryonic day (E) 10.5 in the growing edge of the limb buds. At 11.5 dpc, enriched in the apical ectodermal ridge of the limbs. By 12.5 dpc, expression assumes a digit-condensation pattern in the 4 limbs.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, lung, skeletal muscles and thymus. Highest expression is observed in lung and the lowest in skeletal muscles.

10090:Tnpo1
gene id: 10090:Tnpo1
uniprot id: Q8BFY9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the importin beta family. Importin beta-2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates (PubMed:11493596). May mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran. The directionality of nuclear import is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus (By similarity). Involved in nuclear import of M9-containing proteins. In vitro, binds directly to the M9 region of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP), A1 and A2 and mediates their nuclear import. Involved in hnRNP A1/A2 nuclear export. Mediates the nuclear import of ribosomal proteins RPL23A, RPS7 and RPL5 (By similarity). In vitro, mediates nuclear import of SRP19 (By similarity). Mediates the import of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (PubMed:11493596). Mediates nuclear import of ADAR/ADAR1 in a RanGTP-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Identified in a complex that contains TNPO1, RAN and RANBP1 (By similarity). Binds HNRPA1, HNRPA2, HNRNPDL, RPS7, RPL5 and RAN. Interacts with H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones (PubMed:11493596). Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 5 of ADAR/ADAR1 (via DRBM 3 domain). Interacts with SNAI1 (via zinc fingers); the interaction mediates SNAI1 nuclear import. Interacts with SNAI2 (via zinc fingers) (By similarity). Interacts with RPL23A (via BIB domain) and SRP19; this interaction is involved in RPL23A and SRP19 import into the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rsph14
gene id: 10090:Rsph14
uniprot id: Q9D3W1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the flagellar radial spoke RSP14 family.
messages: Component of the axonemal radial spoke complex 1 (RS1), at least composed of spoke head proteins RSPH1, RSPH3, RSPH9 and the cilia-specific component RSPH4A or sperm-specific component RSPH6A, spoke stalk proteins RSPH14, DNAJB13, DYDC1, ROPN1L and NME5, and the anchor protein IQUB.
messages: Functions as part of axonemal radial spoke complexes that play an important part in the motility of sperm and cilia.
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Mkrn3
gene id: 10090:Mkrn3
uniprot id: Q60764
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins.
messages: Expressed at the blastocyst stage and the embryonic days 8-17, as well as in undifferentiated and differentiated embryonic stem cells. Expressed in the arcuate nucleus of both male and female animals. Levels of expression are highest on postnatal days 10 and 12, begin to decline on day 15, and reaches a nadir by days 18 to 22, at which time expression is 10 to 20% of the levels detected at 10 days. The timing of the decline in protein expression correlated with the ages at which arcuate KISS1 and TAC2 have been shown to increase, heralding the onset of puberty.
messages: Expressed in testis, brain, heart and kidney. Ubiquitously detected at low levels throughout the entire embryo, but expression is highest in the ventricular layers of the brain.
messages: Imprinted, expressed from the paternal chromosome only. The maternal methylation is established promptly after fertilization prior to syngamy.

10090:Samd5
gene id: 10090:Samd5
uniprot id: Q3V1H9
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in kidney glomeruli, and in peribiliary gland (PBG) cells at the hepatic hilum (at protein level). Detected in liver, kidney and small intestine.
messages: Interacts promiscuously (via SAM domain) with EPHA5, EPHA6, EPHA7, EPHA8, EPHB1, EPHB2, EPHB3 and EPHB4 (via SAM domain) (in vitro).
messages: Strongly induced in EPCAM-positive liver cells in response to liver damage caused by long-term 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-collidine (DDC) feeding.

10090:Zfp672
gene id: 10090:Zfp672
uniprot id: Q99LH4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ceacam16
gene id: 10090:Ceacam16
uniprot id: E9QA28
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in cochleae from embryonic day 17 to postnatal day 42.
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA family.
messages: Expressed in cochlear outer hair cells (OHC).
messages: Homooligomer; can for homodimers and homotetramers (By similarity). Interacts with TECTA and TECTB (PubMed:25080593).
messages: Mutant mice show loss of striated-sheet matrix and Hensen's stripe, a prominent feature in the basal two-thirds of the tectorial membrane. They have enhanced spontaneous, stimulus-frequency, and transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions.
messages: Required for proper hearing, plays a role in maintaining the integrity of the tectorial membrane.
messages: Secreted

10090:Vmn1r119
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r119
uniprot id: E9Q4H3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ltbp4
gene id: 10090:Ltbp4
uniprot id: Q3UGU1
uniprot id: Q8K4G1
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LTBP family.
messages: Contains hydroxylated asparagine residues.
messages: Forms part of the large latent transforming growth factor beta precursor complex; removal is essential for activation of complex. Interacts with LTBP1 and TGFB1. Interacts with EFEMP2; this interaction promotes fibrillar deposition of EFEMP2 (PubMed:25713297).
messages: Key regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3) that controls TGF-beta activation by maintaining it in a latent state during storage in extracellular space. Associates specifically via disulfide bonds with the Latency-associated peptide (LAP), which is the regulatory chain of TGF-beta, and regulates integrin-dependent activation of TGF-beta.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice reveal significant disruption of elastic fibers in multiple tissues. They develop pulmonary septation defects, rectal prolapse, colorectal adenomas, and dilated cardiomyopathy. They survive up to six months (mid-adult age) without major clinical symptoms.
messages: Sequence incomplete.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Or1o3
gene id: 10090:Or1o3
uniprot id: Q8VFD9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or4k51
gene id: 10090:Or4k51
uniprot id: Q8VGE7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Chodl
gene id: 10090:Chodl
uniprot id: Q9CXM0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: During gestation (7dpc to 15 dpc) its expression is up-regulated. In 15 dpc embryo is expressed in muscle cells of heterogeneous origin, including those from tongue, trunk, and tail. In newborn mice localized to limb striated muscle cells. Expressed in myoblasts undergoing myogenic differentiation during proliferation and differentiation phases (PubMed:12711387). Expressed in spinal chord motor neurons at 10.5 dpc. Detected in the plexus region of the developing limb bud at 10.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc (PubMed:20437528).
messages: In adult mice preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle, testis, brain, and lung. Expressed in striated muscle (at protein level). Expressed in spinal chord. Detected in spinal chord fast motor neurons (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with RABGGTB (PubMed:18161010).
messages: Isoform 1 but not isoform 2 expression is down-regulated at postnatal day (P) 7 in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) model motor neurons before onset of disease.
messages: May play a role in the development of the nervous system such as in neurite outgrowth and elongation (PubMed:24067532). May be involved in motor axon growth and guidance (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Itga8
gene id: 10090:Itga8
uniprot id: A2ARA8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in mesenchymal cells of developing organs such as gut, lung, gonads and nephrogenic cord.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit is composed of a heavy and a light chain linked by a disulfide bond. Alpha-8 associates with beta-1.
messages: In brain, expressed in deep cortex, hippocampal CA1, basolateral amygdala and striatum. In kidney, expressed in glomerular mesengium (at protein level).
messages: Integrin alpha-8/beta-1 functions in the genesis of kidney and probably of other organs by regulating the recruitment of mesenchymal cells into epithelial structures. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands including TNC, FN1, SPP1 TGFB1, TGFB3 and VTN. NPNT is probably its functional ligand in kidney genesis. Neuronal receptor for TNC it mediates cell-cell interactions and regulates neurite outgrowth of sensory and motor neurons.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display renal agenesis and dysgenesis. This is associated with a reduced expression of Gdnf that is similarly found in mice lacking Npnt. Adult mice also display increased susceptibility to glomerular capillary destruction upon mechanical stress. Mice lacking Itga8 also have difficulty balancing associated with structural defects in the inner ear where utricular hair cells lack stereocilia.

10090:Il1rapl1
gene id: 10090:Il1rapl1
uniprot id: B1ASU0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Cyb5r3
gene id: 10090:Cyb5r3
uniprot id: Q9DCN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of two molecules of cytochrome b5 using NADH as the electron donor.
messages: Component of a complex composed of cytochrome b5, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (CYB5R3) and MTARC2 (By similarity). Interacts with MTLN; the interaction is required to maintain cellular lipid composition and leads to stimulation of mitochondrial respiratory complex I activity (PubMed:31296841).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Hnrnpd
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpd
uniprot id: G3X9W0
uniprot id: G5E8G0
uniprot id: Q60668
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arg-345 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine.
messages: Binds with high affinity to RNA molecules that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) found within the 3'-UTR of many proto-oncogenes and cytokine mRNAs. Also binds to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner and functions a transcription factor. Each of the RNA-binding domains specifically can bind solely to a single-stranded non-monotonous 5'-UUAG-3' sequence and also weaker to the single-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' telomeric DNA repeat. Binds RNA oligonucleotides with 5'-UUAGGG-3' repeats more tightly than the telomeric single-stranded DNA 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats. Binding of RRM1 to DNA inhibits the formation of DNA quadruplex structure which may play a role in telomere elongation. May be involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. May play a role in the regulation of the rhythmic expression of circadian clock core genes. Directly binds to the 3'UTR of CRY1 mRNA and induces CRY1 rhythmic translation. May also be involved in the regulation of PER2 translation.
messages: Contaminating sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Part of a complex associated with the FOS mCRD domain and consisting of PABPC1, PAIP1, CSDE1/UNR and SYNCRIP. Interacts with IGF2BP2. Interacts with GTPBP1. Interacts with EIF4G1; the interaction requires RNA. Interacts with EIF3B and RPS3.
messages: Methylated by PRMT1, in an insulin-dependent manner. The PRMT1-mediated methylation regulates its phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Wnt4
gene id: 10090:Wnt4
uniprot id: P22724
uniprot id: Q3ZB23
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Wnt family.
messages: Detected along the length of the mesonephros at 9.5 to 10.5 dpc. At 11.0 dpc, detected in the mesenchyme of the gonads in both sexes and in mesonephros. At 11.5 dpc, sex-specific differentiation of the gonads begins, and Wnt4 is down-regulated in male gonads, but not in female gonads. Detected in mesenchyme cells underlying the newly formed Mullerian duct in females, but not in the Wolffian duct in males (PubMed:9989404). During kidney development, detected at 11.5 dpc in condensed mesenchymal cells on both sides of the stalk of the ureter. Detected on pretubular aggregates upon initiation of ureteric bud branching at 12.5 dpc. Detected on primitive tubular aggregates at 13.5 dpc. Detected on comma-shaped and S-shaped bodies by 14.5 dpc, and is restricted to kidney cortex by 16.5 dpc (PubMed:7990960).
messages: In adults in lung and brain.
messages: Interacts with PORCN (PubMed:10866835). Interacts with PKD1 (By similarity).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors (Probable). Plays an important role in the embryonic development of the urogenital tract and the lung (PubMed:7990960, PubMed:9989404, PubMed:16054034, PubMed:17537789, PubMed:19830824, PubMed:26321050). Required for normal mesenchyme to epithelium transition during embryonic kidney development (PubMed:7990960, PubMed:16054034, PubMed:17537789, PubMed:19830824). Required for the formation of early epithelial renal vesicles during kidney development (PubMed:16054034). Required for normal formation of the Mullerian duct in females, and normal levels of oocytes in the ovaries (PubMed:9989404, PubMed:19830824). Required for normal down-regulation of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the ovary (PubMed:9989404). Required for normal lung development and for normal patterning of trachael cartilage rings (PubMed:26321050).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors.
messages: Mutant embryos show normal early stages of kidney development, but later stages of kidney development are disrupted (PubMed:7990960, PubMed:19830824). Mutant embryos develop to term, but the pups die within 24 hours after birth, probably due to the absence of functional kidneys (PubMed:7990960). Reproductive organs in newborn males appear normal (PubMed:9989404). External genitalia from newborn females appear normal, but they lack a Mullerian duct and their gonads and sex ducts appear masculinized (PubMed:9989404, PubMed:19830824). Their ovaries contain less than 10% of the normal number of oocytes, and these are in the process of degenerating (PubMed:9989404). Mutant embryos display altered patterning of tracheal cartilage rings. By 13.5 dpc the size of their lungs is significantly reduced, and at 17.5 dpc the left lung lobe is on average 35% smaller than for wild-type (PubMed:26321050).
messages: Palmitoleoylation is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Depalmitoleoylation leads to Wnt signaling pathway inhibition.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Orc2
gene id: 10090:Orc2
uniprot id: Q543F8
uniprot id: Q59IX1
uniprot id: Q60862
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ORC2 family.
messages: Component of ORC, a complex composed of at least 6 subunits: ORC1, ORC2, ORC3, ORC4, ORC5 and ORC6. ORC is regulated in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It is sequentially assembled at the exit from anaphase of mitosis and disassembled as cells enter S phase (By similarity). Interacts with DBF4 (PubMed:12614612). Interacts with MCM10. Interacts with LRWD1 throughout the cell cycle; this interaction, wich occurs only with non-ubiquitinated form of LRWD1, prevents LRWD1 ubiquitination and hence stabilizes the protein. Interacts with POLQ (By similarity).
messages: Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
messages: Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. The specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified yet. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication (By similarity). Binds histone H3 and H4 trimethylation marks H3K9me3, H3K20me3 and H4K27me3. Stabilizes LRWD1, by protecting it from ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Also stabilizes ORC3 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc45a1
gene id: 10090:Slc45a1
uniprot id: Q8BIV7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycoside-pentoside-hexuronide (GPH) cation symporter transporter (TC 2.A.2) family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Proton-associated glucose transporter in the brain.

10090:Erh
gene id: 10090:Erh
uniprot id: G3UW85
uniprot id: P84089
uniprot id: Q4FZH7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the E(R) family.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:15937287). Component of the methylosome, a 20S complex containing at least CLNS1A/pICln, PRMT5/SKB1, WDR77/MEP50, PRMT1 and ERH. Interacts with CHTOP (By similarity).
messages: May have a role in the cell cycle.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn2r116
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r116
uniprot id: E9Q6I0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the vomeronasal organ.
messages: No response of neurons in the vomeronasal organ or accessory olfactory bulb to Esp1 and no enhancement of lordosis following exposure to Esp1.
messages: Receptor for the Esp1 pheromone. Mediates the response to Esp1 which enhances female sexual receptive behavior (lordosis) upon male mounting, resulting in successful copulation.

10090:Sbsn
gene id: 10090:Sbsn
uniprot id: Q8CIT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in epidermis, in suprabasal keratinocytes. Detected in suprabasal layers of embryonic epidermis and in stratified layers of embryonic tongue and palate. Detected in adult stomach.
messages: First detected after 15 days of embryonic development, and highly expressed after 17 days, coinciding with stratification of epidermis.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in differentiating keratinocytes.

10090:Tepsin
gene id: 10090:Tepsin
uniprot id: Q3U3N6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the adapter-like complex 4 (AP-4) and may therefore play a role in vesicular trafficking of proteins at the trans-Golgi network.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts with AP4B1 and AP4E1; the interaction is direct and mediates the association of TEPSIN with the adapter-like complex 4 (AP-4), a heterotetramer composed of AP4B1, AP4E1, AP4M1 and AP4S1.
messages: cytosol
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Trdmt1
gene id: 10090:Trdmt1
uniprot id: O55055
uniprot id: Q5I0V6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in thymus, testis, and at much lower levels in spleen, lung, brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and embryonic stem cells.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but show loss of 5-methylcytidine(38) in tRNA (PubMed:21183079, PubMed:22885326). Mice lacking both Nsun2 and Trdmt1 display a complete loss of cytosine-C5 tRNA methylation, leading to development defects and impaired cellular differentiation causing lethality before P3 (PubMed:22885326).
messages: Specifically methylates cytosine 38 in the anticodon loop of tRNA(Asp).

10090:Upk3a
gene id: 10090:Upk3a
uniprot id: Q9JKX8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the uroplakin-3 family.
messages: Component of the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM); a highly specialized biomembrane elaborated by terminally differentiated urothelial cells. May play an important role in AUM-cytoskeleton interaction in terminally differentiated urothelial cells. It also contributes to the formation of urothelial glycocalyx which may play an important role in preventing bacterial adherence (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Heterodimer with uroplakin-1B (UPK1B).

10090:Casp1
gene id: 10090:Casp1
uniprot id: P29452
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C14A family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 20 kDa (Caspase-1 subunit p20) and a 10 kDa (Caspase-1 subunit p10) subunit (PubMed:32109412). May be a component of the inflammasome, a protein complex which also includes PYCARD, CARD8 and NLRP2 and whose function would be the activation of pro-inflammatory caspases (By similarity). Component of the AIM2 PANoptosome complex, a multiprotein complex that drives inflammatory cell death (PANoptosis) (PubMed:34471287). Both the p10 and p20 subunits interact with MEFV (By similarity). Interacts with CARD17P/INCA and CARD18 (By similarity). Interacts with SERPINB1; this interaction regulates CASP1 activity (By similarity).
messages: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 20 kDa (Caspase-1 subunit p20) and a 10 kDa (Caspase-1 subunit p10) subunit.
messages: High level expression seen in spleen and lung, low level expression seen in brain, heart, liver, kidney, testis and skeletal muscle.
messages: Mutants are resitant to vaccinia virus (VACV) but not vesicular somatitis virus (VSV) infection. They show lower viral loads in the lungs compared to wild type mice, they produce higher levels of type I IFN, IL6 and RSAD2/Viperin after VCAV INFECTION.
messages: The two subunits are derived from the precursor sequence by an autocatalytic mechanism.
messages: Thiol protease involved in a variety of inflammatory processes by proteolytically cleaving other proteins, such as the precursors of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) and interleukin 18 (IL18) as well as the pyroptosis inducer Gasdermin-D (GSDMD), into active mature peptides (PubMed:21147462, PubMed:32109412). Plays a key role in cell immunity as an inflammatory response initiator: once activated through formation of an inflammasome complex, it initiates a pro-inflammatory response through the cleavage of the two inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18, releasing the mature cytokines which are involved in a variety of inflammatory processes (PubMed:21147462). Cleaves a tetrapeptide after an Asp residue at position P1 (PubMed:21147462). Also initiates pyroptosis, a programmed lytic cell death pathway, through cleavage of GSDMD (PubMed:32109412). In contrast to cleavage of interleukins IL1B and IL1B, recognition and cleavage of GSDMD is not strictly dependent on the consensus cleavage site but depends on an exosite interface on CASP1 that recognizes and binds the Gasdermin-D, C-terminal (GSDMD-CT) part (PubMed:32109412). Cleaves and activates CASP7 in response to bacterial infection, promoting plasma membrane repair (PubMed:18667412, PubMed:22464733, PubMed:35705808). Upon inflammasome activation, during DNA virus infection but not RNA virus challenge, controls antiviral immunity through the cleavage of CGAS, rendering it inactive (PubMed:28314590). In apoptotic cells, cleaves SPHK2 which is released from cells and remains enzymatically active extracellularly (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination. Deubiquitinated by USP8.

10090:Aadacl3
gene id: 10090:Aadacl3
uniprot id: A2A7Z8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gk5
gene id: 10090:Gk5
uniprot id: Q8BX05
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FGGY kinase family.

10090:Hecw1
gene id: 10090:Hecw1
uniprot id: Q8K4P8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of DVL1.
messages: Interacts with DVL1 and SSR3.
messages: Predominantly expressed in neurons of the spinal cord.

10090:Crabp1
gene id: 10090:Crabp1
uniprot id: P62965
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytosolic CRABPs may regulate the access of retinoic acid to the nuclear retinoic acid receptors.
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior.

10090:Catsperb
gene id: 10090:Catsperb
uniprot id: A2RTF1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auxiliary component of the CatSper complex, a complex involved in sperm cell hyperactivation (PubMed:34225353, PubMed:17478420). Sperm cell hyperactivation is needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization (PubMed:17478420).
messages: CatSperb is absent in sperm from mice lacking CatSper1, suggesting that stable expression of CatSperb protein requires CatSper1.
messages: Component of the CatSper complex or CatSpermasome composed of the core pore-forming members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 as well as auxiliary members CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD, CATSPERE, CATSPERZ, C2CD6/CATSPERT, SLCO6C1, TMEM249, TMEM262 and EFCAB9 (PubMed:34225353, PubMed:21224844, PubMed:17478420, PubMed:19516020, PubMed:34998468). HSPA1 may be an additional auxiliary complex member (PubMed:17478420, PubMed:19516020). The core complex members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 form a heterotetrameric channel (PubMed:34225353). The auxiliary CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD and CATSPERE subunits form a pavilion-like structure over the pore which stabilizes the complex through interactions with CATSPER4, CATSPER3, CATSPER1 and CATSPER2 respectively (PubMed:34225353). SLCO6C1 interacts with CATSPERE and TMEM262/CATSPERH interacts with CATSPERB, further stabilizing the complex (PubMed:34225353). C2CD6/CATSPERT interacts at least with CATSPERD and is required for targeting the CatSper complex in the flagellar membrane (PubMed:34998468).
messages: Testis-specific. Specifically present in the principal piece of sperm tail (at protein level). Specifically expressed in the seminiferous tubules but not in the interstitial cells. Within the tubules, it is expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids, but not in spermatogonia.
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Gpr27
gene id: 10090:Gpr27
uniprot id: O54897
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. Possible candidate for amine-like G-protein coupled receptor (By similarity).

10090:Rgs9bp
gene id: 10090:Rgs9bp
uniprot id: Q148R9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RGS7BP/RGS9BP family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show light responses that recover at a abnormally slow rate.
messages: Predominantly expressed in photoreceptors of the retina. Weakly expressed in other areas of the central nervous system.
messages: Regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in phototransduction. Participates in the recovery phase of visual transduction via its interaction with RGS9-1 isoform. Acts as a membrane-anchor that mediates the targeting of RGS9-1 to the photoreceptor outer segment, where phototransduction takes place. Enhances the ability of RGS9-1 to stimulate G protein GTPase activity, allowing the visual signal to be terminated on the physiologically time scale. It also controls the proteolytic stability of RGS9-1, probably by protecting it from degradation.
messages: Specifically interacts with isoform RGS9-1 of RGS9. Interaction is decreased when RGS9-1 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-475'. Component of the RGS9-1-Gbeta5 complex composed of RGS9-1, Gbeta5 (GNB5) and RGS9BP.

10090:Zfp553
gene id: 10090:Zfp553
uniprot id: Q3US17
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Eme2
gene id: 10090:Eme2
uniprot id: Q56A04
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EME1/MMS4 family.
messages: Interacts with MUS81 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease which cleaves substrates such as 3'-flap structures.
messages: Interacts with MUS81.
messages: Nucleus

10090:AW554918
gene id: 10090:AW554918
uniprot id: Q6NZK5
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Competes with SMC1 for binding to SMC3. May affect the availability of SMC3 to engage in the formation of multimeric protein complexes.
messages: Interacts (via N- and C-terminal domains) with SMC3 (via central hinge region).

10090:Bzw1
gene id: 10090:Bzw1
uniprot id: Q9CQC6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BZW family.
messages: Broadly expressed, with highest levels in testis.
messages: Translation initiation regulator which represses repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) initiated translation probably by acting as a competitive inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5 (EIF5) function (By similarity). Enhances histone H4 gene transcription but does not seem to bind DNA directly (By similarity).

10090:Mall
gene id: 10090:Mall
uniprot id: Q91X49
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MAL family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gsg1l2
gene id: 10090:Gsg1l2
uniprot id: M0QWL6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GSG1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Acsl4
gene id: 10090:Acsl4
uniprot id: Q8BW44
uniprot id: Q91YN3
uniprot id: Q9QUJ7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in steroidogenic tissues, also found in the kidney, brain and liver.
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Both triacsin C and rosiglitazone inhibit arachidonoyl-CoA ligase activity.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoA for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation. Preferentially activates arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate as substrates. Preferentially activates 8,9-EET > 14,15-EET > 5,6-EET > 11,12-EET. Modulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by regulating the levels of unesterified EETs (By similarity). Modulates prostaglandin E2 secretion (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Induced by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and suppressed by glucocorticoid.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Peroxisome membrane

10090:Nme4
gene id: 10090:Nme4
uniprot id: Q9WV84
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: Expressed in the base region of the oxyntic and pyloric mucosae.
messages: Homohexamer (By similarity). Interacts with OPA1 (By similarity). Interacts with CAPN8 (PubMed:16476741).
messages: Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Through the catalyzed exchange of gamma-phosphate between di- and triphosphonucleosides participates in regulation of intracellular nucleotide homeostasis. Binds to anionic phospholipids, predominantly to cardiolipin; the binding inhibits its phosphotransfer activity. Acts as mitochondria-specific NDK; its association with cardiolipin-containing mitochondrial inner membrane is coupled to respiration suggesting that ADP locally regenerated in the mitochondrion innermembrane space by its activity is directly taken up via ANT ADP/ATP translocase into the matrix space to stimulate respiratory ATP regeneration. Proposed to increase GTP-loading on dynamin-related GTPase OPA1 in mitochondria. In vitro can induce liposome cross-linking suggesting that it can cross-link inner and outer membranes to form contact sites, and promotes intermembrane migration of anionic phosphoplipids. Promotes the redistribution of cardiolipin between the mitochondrial inner membrane and outer membrane which is implicated in pro-apoptotic signaling (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Uggt2
gene id: 10090:Uggt2
uniprot id: E9Q4X2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen

10090:Kcnj16
gene id: 10090:Kcnj16
uniprot id: Q9Z307
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in the proximal and distal segments of the nephron.
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ16 subfamily.
messages: Heterodimer with Kir4.1/KCNJ10; this interaction is required for KCNJ16 localization to the basolateral membrane in kidney cells. As a heterodimer with KCNJ10, may interact with MAGI1; this interaction may facilitate KCNJ10/KCNJ16 potassium channel expression at the basolateral membrane in kidney cells. May form heterodimers with Kir2.1/KCNJ2.
messages: Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. KCNJ16 may be involved in the regulation of fluid and pH balance. In the kidney, together with KCNJ10, mediates basolateral K(+) recycling in distal tubules; this process is critical for Na(+) reabsorption at the tubules.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddx10
gene id: 10090:Ddx10
uniprot id: Q80Y44
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX10/DBP4 subfamily.
messages: Putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase.
messages: The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.

10090:Or52r1b
gene id: 10090:Or52r1b
uniprot id: Q8VGV9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Taf1d
gene id: 10090:Taf1d
uniprot id: Q9D4V4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, composed of TBP and at least TAF1A, TAF1B, TAF1C and TAF1D. Interacts with UBTF (By similarity).
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC (preinitiation complex) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1/TIF-IB with the rDNA promoter. SL1/TIF-IB is involved in stabilization of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF on rDNA. Formation of SL1/TIF-IB excludes the association of TBP with TFIID subunits (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ust
gene id: 10090:Ust
uniprot id: Q3TRA2
uniprot id: Q8BUB6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 3 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Sulfotransferase that catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to the position 2 of uronyl residues. Has mainly activity toward iduronyl residues in dermatan sulfate, and weaker activity toward glucuronyl residues of chondroitin sulfate. Has no activity toward desulfated N-resulfated heparin (By similarity).

10090:Slitrk4
gene id: 10090:Slitrk4
uniprot id: Q810B8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLITRK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In the adult, significant expression is detected only in the brain. Broadly expressed in embryonic brain with highest expression in subventricular zone, subplate, cortical plate, pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus, thalamus and hypothalamus.
messages: In the embryo, expressed from day 10-12 and continues through later gestational development and into adulthood.
messages: Interacts (via LRR 1 and 2 repeats) with PTPRD (via extracellular domain).
messages: It is involved in synaptogenesis and promotes synapse differentiation (By similarity). Suppresses neurite outgrowth (PubMed:14550773).
messages: Membrane

10090:Pdxdc1
gene id: 10090:Pdxdc1
uniprot id: Q99K01
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.

10090:Psma6
gene id: 10090:Psma6
uniprot id: E0CXB1
uniprot id: Q9QUM9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.
messages: Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7 (PubMed:16857966, PubMed:22341445). Interacts with ALKBH4 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in liver tumor tissues (at protein level).

10090:Gm21310
gene id: 10090:Gm21310
uniprot id: J3QQ23
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Dsg1c
gene id: 10090:Dsg1c
uniprot id: Q7TSF0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in embryo at 17 dpc.
messages: Expressed in epidermis, brain, liver, skeletal, muscle and testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Anxa8
gene id: 10090:Anxa8
uniprot id: O35640
uniprot id: Q921D0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: This protein is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade.

10090:Ubtd2
gene id: 10090:Ubtd2
uniprot id: Q6PGH0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Stag2
gene id: 10090:Stag2
uniprot id: A2AFF6
uniprot id: O35638
uniprot id: Q3TG33
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCC3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate.
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts directly with RAD21 in cohesin complex. Cohesin complexes are composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3). In cohesin complexes, STAG2 is mutually exclusive with STAG1 and STAG3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the cohesin complex which is composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein.
messages: Phosphorylated by PLK1. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase is partly due to its phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: centromere

10090:Csmd1
gene id: 10090:Csmd1
uniprot id: Q5DTU1
uniprot id: Q923L3
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CSMD family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fut4
gene id: 10090:Fut4
uniprot id: Q11127
uniprot id: Q544B8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 10 family.
messages: Catalyzes alpha(1->3) linkage of fucosyl moiety transferred from GDP-beta-L-fucose to N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) within type 2 lactosamine (LacNAc, Gal-beta(1->4)GlcNAc) glycan attached to N- or O-linked glycoproteins (PubMed:11485743). Robustly fucosylates nonsialylated distal LacNAc unit of the polylactosamine chain to form Lewis X antigen (CD15), a glycan determinant known to mediate important cellular functions in development and immunity. Fucosylates with lower efficiency sialylated LacNAc acceptors to form sialyl Lewis X and 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X determinants that serve as recognition epitopes for C-type lectins (PubMed:11485743). Together with FUT7 contributes to SELE, SELL and SELP selectin ligand biosynthesis and selectin-dependent lymphocyte homing, leukocyte migration and blood leukocyte homeostasis (PubMed:11485743). In a cell type specific manner, may also fucosylate the internal LacNAc unit of the polylactosamine chain to form VIM-2 antigen that serves as recognition epitope for SELE (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highest expression in stomach and colon. It is also expressed in the lung, testis, uterus, small intestine and to a lesser extent in spleen, and ovary. Present in trace amounts in brain, thymus, heart, smooth muscle, kidney and bone marrow. Not found in liver, salivary gland and pancreas.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. No visible phenotype; likely due to the redundancy with FUT7. Simultaneous knockdown of FUT4 and FUT7 results in leukocytosis characterized by an 18.4 fold increase in blood neutrophils and significant increases in blood monocytes, eosinophils, and lymphocytes numbers.

10090:Slamf6
gene id: 10090:Slamf6
uniprot id: Q9ET39
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed on hematopoietic cells. Isoform 3 is expressed in thymocytes and B lymphocytes of C57Bl/6 strain.
messages: Found in Slamf-haplotype 1 mice such as C557Bl/6 but not in Slamf-haplotype 2 strains including 129, Balb/c and NOD.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PTN6 and, upon phosphorylation, with PTN11 and SH2D1A/SAP (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 3 ameliorates spontaneous development in a systemic lupus erythematosus transfer model.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Self-ligand receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2 (PubMed:19648922). Triggers cytolytic activity only in natural killer cells (NK) expressing high surface densities of natural cytotoxicity receptors (By similarity). Positive signaling in NK cells implicates phosphorylation of VAV1. NK cell activation seems to depend on SH2D1B and not on SH2D1A (By similarity). In conjunction with SLAMF1 controls the transition between positive selection and the subsequent expansion and differentiation of the thymocytic natural killer T (NKT) cell lineage (PubMed:18031695). Promotes T cell differentiation into a helper T-cell Th17 phenotype leading to increased IL-17 secretion; the costimulatory activity requires SH2D1A (By similarity). Promotes recruitment of RORC to the IL-17 promoter (By similarity). In conjunction with SLAMF1 and CD84/SLAMF5 may be a negative regulator of the humoral immune response (PubMed:25926831). In the absence of SH2D1A/SAP can transmit negative signals to CD4(+) T-cells and NKT cells. Negatively regulates germinal center formation by inhibiting T-cell:B-cell adhesion; the function probably implicates increased association with PTPN6/SHP-1 via ITSMs in absence of SH2D1A/SAP (PubMed:22683125). However, reported to mediated T-cell adhesion, to participate in stable T-cell:B-cell interactions and to be involved in maintaining B-cell tolerance in germinal centers and in preventing autoimmunity (PubMed:20153220, PubMed:25801429). Involved in regulation of autoimmunity. Isoform 3 may be suppressor of pathogenic T-cell proliferation (PubMed:21422172).
messages: The ITSMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs) with the consensus sequence T-X-Y-X-X-[VI] present in SLAM family receptors have overlapping specificity for activating and inhibitory SH2 domain-containing binding partners. Especially they mediate the interaction with the SH2 domain of SH2D1A and SH2D1B. A 'two-out-of-three-pronged' mechanism is proposed involving threonine (position -2), phosphorylated tyrosine (position 0) and valine/isoleucine (position +3).

10090:Ogg1
gene id: 10090:Ogg1
uniprot id: O08760
uniprot id: Q3UIL3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-1 OGG1 family.
messages: DNA repair enzyme that incises DNA at 8-oxoG residues. Excises 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-N-methylformamidopyrimidine (FAPY) from damaged DNA. Has a beta-lyase activity that nicks DNA 3' to the lesion.
messages: Highest expression in testis.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Adgrg7
gene id: 10090:Adgrg7
uniprot id: Q8BM96
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit less body weight gain and an increase in intestinal contraction frequency.
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.
messages: Selectively expressed in the intestinal tissues.

10090:Slfn2
gene id: 10090:Slfn2
uniprot id: Q9Z0I6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Schlafen family.
messages: Conditional deletion in T-cells leads to impaired T cell-mediated immunity (PubMed:33986151). T-cell show an accumulation of tRNA fragments, which inhibit translation and promote stress-granule formation (PubMed:33986151).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mainly expressed in the thymus, lymph node and spleen.
messages: Upon interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment.
messages: tRNA-binding protein involved in T-cell mediated immunity (PubMed:33986151). Plays a key role during the metabolic reprograming phase of activated T-cell, when T-cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS): acts by binding tRNAs and protecting them from cleavage by the oxidative stress-activated ribonuclease angiogenin (ANG) (PubMed:33986151). Also required for T-cell quiescence maintenance (PubMed:20190759).

10090:Angptl3
gene id: 10090:Angptl3
uniprot id: Q9R182
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts in part as a hepatokine that is involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism (PubMed:11788823, PubMed:12671033). Proposed to play a role in the trafficking of energy substrates to either storage or oxidative tissues in response to food intake (PubMed:26305978). Has a stimulatory effect on plasma triglycerides (TG), which is achieved by suppressing plasma TG clearance via inhibition of LPL activity; the function seems to be specific for the feeding conditions. The inhibition of LPL activity appears to be an indirect mechanism involving recruitment of proprotein convertases PCSK6 and FURIN to LPL leading to cleavage and dissociation of LPL from the cell surface; the function does not require ANGPTL3 proteolytic cleavage but seems to be mediated by the N-terminal domain, and is not inhibited by GPIHBP1 (PubMed:12909640, PubMed:16081640, PubMed:20581395). Can inhibit endothelial lipase, causing increased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and phospholipids; the cleaved N-terminal domain is more efficient than the uncleaved proprotein (PubMed:17681148). Can bind to adipocytes to activate lipolysis, releasing free fatty acids and glycerol (By similarity). Suppresses LPL specifically in oxidative tissues which is required to route very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG to white adipose tissue (WAT) for storage in response to food; the function may involve cooperation with circulating, liver-derived ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL4 expression in WAT (PubMed:26305978). Contributes to lower plasma levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol by a mechanism that is independent of the canonical pathway implicating APOE and LDLR (PubMed:25954050). May stimulate hypothalamic LPL activity (PubMed:25338813).
messages: Down-regulated by insulin and leptin. Not regulated by nutritional status (fed/fasting) Up-regulated in podocytes by puromycin. Up-regulated after feeding in the hypothalamus.
messages: In part proteolytically cleaved by proprotein convertases; proposed to be involved in activation. In primary hepatocytes is intracellularily predominantly processed by FURIN and extracellularily by FURIN and PCSK6/PACE4. In 18.5 dpc embryos 75% of protein is found to be processed compared to 25 % in adults.
messages: Interacts with ANGPTL8 (By similarity). Interacts with ITGB3.
messages: Involved in angiogenesis (PubMed:11877390). Binds to endothelial cells via integrin alpha-V/beta-3 (ITGAV:ITGB3), activates FAK, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways and induces cell adhesion and cell migration (By similarity). May increase the motility of podocytes. Secreted from podocytes, may modulate properties of glomerular endothelial cells involving integrin alpha-V/beta-3 and Akt signaling (By similarity). May induce actin filament rearrangements in podocytes implicating integrin alpha-V/beta-3 and Rac1 activation (PubMed:20633534, PubMed:24294595, PubMed:25710887). Binds to hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and is involved in the regulation of HSC activity probably implicating down-regulation of IKZF1/IKAROS (PubMed:20959605).
messages: Low plasma levels of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and HDL phospholipids, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Animals fed on high-fat, high-calorie (HFC) diet show reduced epididymal adipose tissue weight with no difference in adipocyte size. Hypotriglyceridemia with elevated postheparin plasma LPL activity is specifically observed in the fed state. Mice deficient in both Angptl3 and Angptl4 show an additive effect on plasma triglycerides and did not survive past 2 months of age.
messages: Predominantly expressed in liver, weakly expressed in kidney and lung. Expressed in podocytes (at protein level). Expressed in hypothalamic neurons (at protein level). Expressed in bone marrow sinusoidal endothelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Secreted
messages: The fibrinogen C-terminal domain is sufficient to mediate endothelial cell adhesion.
messages: Was suggested to inhibit LPL through a direct mechanism; however, the necessary concentrations to achieve the in vitro inhibition are at least 30-fold higher than ANGPTL3 plasma concentrations.
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Sh2d4a
gene id: 10090:Sh2d4a
uniprot id: Q9D7V1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the kidney, expressed only in the glomerulus. Expressed in T-cells, B-cells, macrophages and dendritic cells (at protein level). In adult, highest levels are found in muscle and lung with lower levels in kidney.
messages: Inhibits estrogen-induced cell proliferation by competing with PLCG for binding to ESR1, blocking the effect of estrogen on PLCG and repressing estrogen-induced proliferation (By similarity). May play a role in T-cell development and function.
messages: Interacts with ESR1.
messages: Upon CD3/CD28 stimulation in CD4 T-cells.

10090:Timp4
gene id: 10090:Timp4
uniprot id: Q3USH7
uniprot id: Q9JHB3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I35 (TIMP) family.
messages: Complexes with metalloproteinases (such as collagenases) and irreversibly inactivates them by binding to their catalytic zinc cofactor.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, ovary and skeletal muscle.
messages: Secreted

10090:Vdac1
gene id: 10090:Vdac1
uniprot id: Q60932
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Consists mainly of a membrane-spanning beta-barrel formed by 19 beta-strands. The helical N-terminus folds back into the pore opening and plays a role in voltage-gated channel activity.
messages: Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane and also the plasma membrane. The channel at the outer mitochondrial membrane allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules; in the plasma membrane it is involved in cell volume regulation and apoptosis. It adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV. The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective. Binds various signaling molecules, including the sphingolipid ceramide, the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine, and the sterol cholesterol (By similarity). In depolarized mitochondria, acts downstream of PRKN and PINK1 to promote mitophagy or prevent apoptosis; polyubiquitination by PRKN promotes mitophagy, while monoubiquitination by PRKN decreases mitochondrial calcium influx which ultimately inhibits apoptosis (PubMed:32047033). May participate in the formation of the permeability transition pore complex (PTPC) responsible for the release of mitochondrial products that triggers apoptosis (PubMed:10716730, PubMed:15477379, PubMed:18988731). May mediate ATP export from cells (By similarity).
messages: High levels of expression detected in heart, kidney, brain, and skeletal muscle. Not expressed in testis.
messages: Homodimer and homotrimer; in response to cyclic AMP or calcium (By similarity). Interacts with hexokinases including HK1. The HK1-VDAC1 complex interacts with ATF2. Interacts with BCL2L1. Interacts with BAK1. Interacts with RTL10/BOP (via BH3 domain) (By similarity). Interacts with amyloid-beta and APP; induces VDAC1 dephosphorylation (PubMed:25168729). Component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex (mPTPC), at least composed of SPG7, VDAC1 and PPIF. Interacts with SPG7, NIPSNAP2 and SLC25A30 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM41B (By similarity). Interacts with BCAP31 (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by nitric oxide.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-206 by NEK1 promotes the open conformational state preventing excessive mitochondrial membrane permeability and subsequent apoptotic cell death after injury. Phosphorylation by the AKT-GSK3B axis stabilizes the protein probably by preventing ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation.
messages: Ubiquitinated (PubMed:32047033). Undergoes monoubiquitination and polyubiquitination by PRKN; monoubiquitination at Lys-287 inhibits apoptosis, whereas polyubiquitination leads to its degradation and promotes mitophagy (PubMed:32047033). Deubiquitinated by USP30 (By similarity).

10090:Supt20
gene id: 10090:Supt20
uniprot id: Q7TT00
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SPT20 family.
messages: Interacts with ATG9A (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK14.
messages: Mice show gastrulation defects in which mesoderm migration is defective due to deficiency in E-cadherin protein down-regulation in the primitive streak. A weaker mutation named droopy eye (drey), which affects splicing causes incompletely penetrant defects in neural tube closure, eye development and gastrulation.
messages: Required for MAP kinase p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and/or MAPK14) activation during gastrulation. Required for down-regulation of E-cadherin during gastrulation by regulating E-cadherin protein level downstream from NCK-interacting kinase (NIK) and independently of the regulation of transcription by FGF signaling and Snail. Required for starvation-induced ATG9A trafficking during autophagy.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed throughout development.

10090:Appl2
gene id: 10090:Appl2
uniprot id: Q3TVI6
uniprot id: Q8K3G9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Decreases steadily in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in insulin-target tissues including skeletal muscle, liver, fat, and brain. Highly expressed in kidney and pancreas (PubMed:19661063). Abundantly expressed in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), barely detectable in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Also expressed in pancreatic beta-cells (PubMed:29467283).
messages: Homodimer. Homotetramer (By similarity). Binds RAB5A/Rab5 through an N-terminal domain (PubMed:25568335). This interaction is essential for its recruitment to endosomal membranes as well as its role in cell proliferation. Binds subunits of the NuRD/MeCP1 complex (By similarity). Interacts with FSHR; interaction is independent of follicle stimulating hormone stimulation (By similarity). Interacts with APPL1; the interaction is decreased by adiponectin in a time-dependent manner (PubMed:19661063, PubMed:25328665). Forms a complex comprising APPL1, RUVBL2, CTNNB1, HDAC1 and HDAC2; interaction reduces interaction between CTNNB1, HDAC1, HDAC2 and RUVBL2 leading to the decrease of deacetylase activity of this complex; affects the recruitment of repressive complexes to the Wnt target genes (By similarity). Interacts (via BAR domain) with TBC1D1; interaction is dependent of TBC1D1 phosphorylation at 'Ser-235'; interaction diminishes the phosphorylation of TBC1D1 at 'Thr-596', resulting in inhibition of SLC2A4 translocation and glucose uptake (PubMed:24879834). Interacts with ANXA2; targets APPL2 to endosomes and acting in parallel to RAB5A (By similarity). Interacts with RAB31 (in GTP-bound form); interaction contributes to or enhances recruitment of APPL2 to the phagosomes; interaction enhances Fc-gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis through PI3K/Akt signaling in macrophages (PubMed:25568335). Interacts with PIK3R1; forms a complex with PIK3R1 and APPL1 (PubMed:25328665). Interacts (via BAR domain) with ADIPOR1; hinders the accessibility of APPL1 to ADIPOR1; negatively regulates adiponectin signaling; ADIPOQ dissociates this interaction and facilitates the recruitment of APPL1 to ADIPOR1 (PubMed:19661063). Interacts (via BAR domain) with ADIPOR2; ADIPOQ dissociates this interaction (PubMed:19661063).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice have normal food intake, body weight, and fasting glucose and insulin levels (PubMed:24879834). Mice are viable and grow normally to adulthood (PubMed:26445298). Appl1 and Appl2 double knockout mice are viable and grossly normal with regard to reproductive potential and postnatal growth (PubMed:26445298). Reduced survival rate after injection of LPS (PubMed:25328665). Conditional knockout mice Appl2 in pancreatic beta-cells and/or ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) have no obvious effect on circulating level of insulin, body weight, food intake, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and locomotor activity, but gradually increased adiposity and diminished energy expenditure. Mice exhibit cold intolerance and impairment of cold-induced thermogenesis, beiging program, and SNS outflow in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). Conditionnal knockout mice Appl2 in ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) have the same phenotype as above (PubMed:29467283).
messages: Multifunctional adapter protein that binds to various membrane receptors, nuclear factors and signaling proteins to regulate many processes, such as cell proliferation, immune response, endosomal trafficking and cell metabolism (PubMed:25568335, PubMed:27219021, PubMed:25328665, PubMed:19661063, PubMed:29467283). Regulates signaling pathway leading to cell proliferation through interaction with RAB5A and subunits of the NuRD/MeCP1 complex (By similarity). Plays a role in immune response by modulating phagocytosis, inflammatory and innate immune responses (PubMed:25568335, PubMed:27219021, PubMed:25328665). In macrophages, enhances Fc-gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis through interaction with RAB31 leading to activation of PI3K/Akt signaling (PubMed:25568335). In response to LPS, modulates inflammatory responses by playing a key role on the regulation of TLR4 signaling and in the nuclear translocation of RELA/NF-kappa-B p65 and the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:27219021). Also functions as a negative regulator of innate immune response via inhibition of AKT1 signaling pathway by forming a complex with APPL1 and PIK3R1 (PubMed:25328665). Plays a role in endosomal trafficking of TGFBR1 from the endosomes to the nucleus (By similarity). Plays a role in cell metabolism by regulating adiponectin and insulin signaling pathways and adaptative thermogenesis (PubMed:19661063, PubMed:29467283) (By similarity). In muscle, negatively regulates adiponectin-simulated glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation by inhibiting adiponectin signaling pathway through APPL1 sequestration thereby antagonizing APPL1 action (PubMed:19661063). In muscles, negativeliy regulates insulin-induced plasma membrane recruitment of GLUT4 and glucose uptake through interaction with TBC1D1 (By similarity). Plays a role in cold and diet-induced adaptive thermogenesis by activating ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) neurons throught AMPK inhibition which enhances sympathetic outfl…
messages: Nucleus
messages: The BAR domain is necessary and sufficient for mediating homotypic and heterotypic interactions; associates with cytoplasmic membrane structures; mediates interaction with TBC1D1 and ADIPOR1 (PubMed:24879834, PubMed:19661063). The PH and PID domains mediate phosphoinositide binding. The PID domain mediates phosphatidylserine binding and allows localization to cytosolic membrane structures and nucleus. The PH domain allows localization to the plasma membrane, cytosolic vesicles and distinct nuclear and perinuclear structures and is sufficient for RUVBL2 interaction (By similarity).
messages: phagosome
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: ruffle
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Nop14
gene id: 10090:Nop14
uniprot id: Q8C539
uniprot id: Q8R3N1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NOP14 family.
messages: Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
messages: Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Has a role in the nuclear export of 40S pre-ribosomal subunit to the cytoplasm (By similarity).
messages: Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Has a role in the nuclear export of 40S pre-ribosomal subunit to the cytoplasm.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Lefty2
gene id: 10090:Lefty2
uniprot id: P57785
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At the primitive streak stage (7.0 dpc), expressed in the emerging mesoderm. By 8.0 dpc, expressed exclusively on the left side of developing embryos with expression predominantly in the lateral-plate mesoderm (LPM). Weak expression in the prospective floor plate (PFP).
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Required for left-right asymmetry determination of organ systems in mammals.
messages: Secreted
messages: The processing of the protein may also occur at the second R-X-X-R site located at AA 132-135. Processing appears to be regulated in a cell-type specific manner.

10090:Defb6
gene id: 10090:Defb6
uniprot id: Q91VD6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed constitutively and induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Has potent antibacterial activity against E.coli (ATCC 25922).
messages: Predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle, also expressed in esophagus, tongue, and trachea. Also expressed in lung when induced by lipopolysaccharide.
messages: Secreted

10090:Bcorl1
gene id: 10090:Bcorl1
uniprot id: A2AQH4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BCOR family.
messages: Interacts with PCGF1, forming heterodimers (By similarity). The PCGF1-BCORL1 heterodimeric complex interacts with the KDM2B-SKP1 heterodimeric complex to form a homotetrameric polycomb repression complex 1 (PRC1.1) (By similarity). Interacts with CTBP1, HDAC4, HDAC5 and HDAC7 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional corepressor. May specifically inhibit gene expression when recruited to promoter regions by sequence specific DNA-binding proteins such as BCL6. This repression may be mediated at least in part by histone deacetylase activities which can associate with this corepressor (By similarity).

10090:Cxcl1
gene id: 10090:Cxcl1
uniprot id: A2RTH0
uniprot id: P12850
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By platelet-derived growth factor. In lung, by lipopolysaccharide or inflammation (By similarity).
messages: Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. Contributes to neutrophil activation during inflammation (By similarity). Hematoregulatory chemokine, which, in vitro, suppresses hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation. KC(5-72) shows a highly enhanced hematopoietic activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: The N-terminal processed form KC(5-72) is produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from bone marrow stromal cells.

10090:Six6
gene id: 10090:Six6
uniprot id: B2RSE8
uniprot id: Q9QZ28
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SIX/Sine oculis homeobox family.
messages: Expression is first detected in the embryo at 8 dpc.
messages: In the developing embryo, expressed mainly in the ventral optic stalk, optic chiasma, the neural retina and the primordial tissues that give rise to the pituitary/hypothalamus axis. Not expressed in the lens placode.
messages: Interacts with TLE4 and TLE5.
messages: May be involved in eye development.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sufu
gene id: 10090:Sufu
uniprot id: Q3U0Z8
uniprot id: Q9Z0P7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SUFU family.
messages: Complete embryonic lethality at about 10.5 dpc due to defects in neural tube closure, abnormal somites and abnormal heart looping (PubMed:16155214, PubMed:16459298). Heterozygous mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and are fertile. After 1.5 years, they develop a skin phenotype characterized by ventral alopecia, increased pigmentation, with papules and nodules on paws and tail (PubMed:16459298).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May form homodimers (By similarity). Interacts with ULK3; inactivating the protein kinase activity of ULK3. Interacts with RAB23 (By similarity). Part of a DNA-bound corepressor complex containing SAP18, GLI1 and SIN3 (PubMed:11960000). Part of a complex containing CTNNB1 (PubMed:11477086). Binds BTRC, GLI2, GLI3, SAP18 and STK36 (PubMed:20360384, PubMed:23034632). Binds both free and DNA-bound GLI1 (PubMed:10531011). Interacts with KIF7 (PubMed:19592253). Interacts with GLI3FL and this interaction regulates the formation of either repressor or activator forms of GLI3 (PubMed:20360384). Its association with GLI3FL is regulated by Hh signaling and dissociation of the SUFU-GLI3 interaction requires the presence of the ciliary motor KIF3A (PubMed:20360384).
messages: Negative regulator in the hedgehog signaling pathway. Down-regulates GLI1-mediated transactivation of target genes. Part of a corepressor complex that acts on DNA-bound GLI1. May also act by linking GLI1 to BTRC and thereby targeting GLI1 to degradation by the proteasome. Sequesters GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cytoplasm, this effect is overcome by binding of STK36 to both SUFU and a GLI protein. Negative regulator of beta-catenin signaling. Regulates the formation of either the repressor form (GLI3R) or the activator form (GLI3A) of the full-length form of GLI3 (GLI3FL). GLI3FL is complexed with SUFU in the cytoplasm and is maintained in a neutral state. Without the Hh signal, the SUFU-GLI3 complex is recruited to cilia, leading to the efficient processing of GLI3FL into GLI3R. When Hh signaling is initiated, SUFU dissociates from GLI3FL and the latter translocates to the nucleus, where it is phosphorylated, destabilized, and converted to a transcriptional activator (GLI3A).
messages: Negative regulator in the hedgehog/smoothened signaling pathway (PubMed:16155214, PubMed:16459298). Down-regulates GLI1-mediated transactivation of target genes (PubMed:11960000). Part of a corepressor complex that acts on DNA-bound GLI1 (PubMed:11960000). May also act by linking GLI1 to BTRC and thereby targeting GLI1 to degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). Sequesters GLI1, GLI2 and GLI3 in the cytoplasm, this effect is overcome by binding of STK36 to both SUFU and a GLI protein (PubMed:10531011, PubMed:16459298). Negative regulator of beta-catenin signaling (PubMed:11477086). Regulates the formation of either the repressor form (GLI3R) or the activator form (GLI3A) of the full-length form of GLI3 (GLI3FL) (PubMed:10531011, PubMed:20360384). GLI3FL is complexed with SUFU in the cytoplasm and is maintained in a neutral state (PubMed:10531011, PubMed:20360384). Without the Hh signal, the SUFU-GLI3 complex is recruited to cilia, leading to the efficient processing of GLI3FL into GLI3R (PubMed:10531011, PubMed:20360384). When Hh signaling is initiated, SUFU dissociates from GLI3FL and the latter translocates to the nucleus, where it is phosphorylated, destabilized, and converted to a transcriptional activator (GLI3A) (PubMed:10531011, PubMed:20360384). Required for normal embryonic development (PubMed:16155214, PubMed:16459298). Required for the proper formation of hair follicles and the control of epidermal differentiation (PubMed:16155214, PubMed:16459298, PubMed:23034632).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-342, Ser-346, Ser-352 and Thr-353 prevents ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXL17) complex.
messages: Polyubiquitinated at Lys-257 by the SCF(FBXL17) complex, leading to its subsequent degradation and allowing the release of GLI1 for proper hedgehog/smoothened signal transduction. Ubiquitination is impaired by phosphorylation at Ser-342, Ser-346, Ser-352 and Thr-353.
messages: Widely expressed in adult and fetal tissues.

10090:Tll2
gene id: 10090:Tll2
uniprot id: Q9WVM6
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed at 7.5 dpc, in a limited way, in the posterior portion of the egg cylinder in the nascent mesoderm streaming off the primitive streak. At the distant end of the embryo cylinder, expression ended at the node. Later in the development, expression seems to be limited to developing skeletal muscle and central nervous system.
messages: Protease which specifically processes pro-lysyl oxidase. Required for the embryonic development. Predominant protease, which in the development, influences dorsal-ventral patterning and skeletogenesis.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mybl1
gene id: 10090:Mybl1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J132
uniprot id: E9QLX9
uniprot id: P51960
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the DREAM complex (also named LINC complex) at least composed of E2F4, E2F5, LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, MYBL1, MYBL2, RBL1, RBL2, RBBP4, TFDP1 and TFDP2. The complex exists in quiescent cells where it represses cell cycle-dependent genes. It dissociates in S phase when LIN9, LIN37, LIN52 and LIN54 form a subcomplex that binds to MYBL2 (By similarity).
messages: During embryogenesis it is predominantly expressed in several regions of the developing central nervous system and the urogenital ridge. Expression in the CNS is confined to the neural tube, the hindbrain, the neural retina and the olfactory epithelium, and coincides with the presence of proliferating immature neuronal precursor cells. In the adult mouse, A-Myb is expressed at high levels in type A spermatogonia (stem cells), and preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes, with concomitant down-regulation of expression upon terminal differentiation of these cells into mature spermatozoa, and in B lymphocytes located in germinal centers of the spleen (PubMed:7813437, PubMed:8084617). Present in mid-late pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes, but not in late zygotene/early pachytene cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21750041).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Predominantly in the testis. Very low levels in the ovaries, spleen and brain.
messages: Transcription factor that specifically recognizes the sequence 5'-YAAC[GT]G-3' (PubMed:7813437, PubMed:23523368). Acts as a master regulator of male meiosis by promoting expression of piRNAs: activates expression of both piRNA precursor RNAs and expression of protein-coding genes involved in piRNA metabolism, such as PIWIL1 (PubMed:21750041, PubMed:23523368). The piRNA metabolic process mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons, which is essential for the germline integrity (PubMed:23523368). Transcriptional activator of SOX30 (PubMed:29848638).

10090:Fitm1
gene id: 10090:Fitm1
uniprot id: Q91V79
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FIT family. FIT1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Knockout mice show no significant differences in heart size or function.
messages: Plays an important role in the formation of lipid droplets (LDs) which are storage organelles at the center of lipid and energy homeostasis (PubMed:18160536, PubMed:22106267) (By similarity). Directly binds to diacylglycerol (DAGs) and triacylglycerol (PubMed:22106267) (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and at lower levels in the heart (at protein level). In the heart, mRNA expression levels do not correlate well with protein levels, suggesting post-transcriptional regulation in this organ.

10090:Pmm1
gene id: 10090:Pmm1
uniprot id: O35621
uniprot id: Q545Q8
uniprot id: Q91W01
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic PMM family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed at 17 dpc in most organs (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: IMP, a metabolite whose concentration is elevated in anoxia, inhibits phosphomannomutase and phosphoglucomutase activities and strongly enhances glucose-1,6-bisphosphatase activity.
messages: Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions.
messages: Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions. In addition, may be responsible for the degradation of glucose-1,6-bisphosphate in ischemic brain.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile and develop normally.
messages: Present in brain, where it is restricted to neuronal cell bodies. Present at lower levels in pancreas, liver, lung, gonads, uterus, adrenal glands and pituitary (at protein level). Undetectable in intestine.

10090:Srsf2
gene id: 10090:Srsf2
uniprot id: Q62093
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation on Lys-52 by KAT5/TIP60 promotes its proteasomal degradation. This effect is counterbalanced by HDAC6, which positively controls SRSF2 protein level by deacetylating it and preventing its proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Expressed in all the tissues examined; liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung and brain.
messages: Extensively phosphorylated on serine residues in the RS domain. Phosphorylated by SRPK2 and this causes its redistribution from the nuclear speckle to nucleoplasm and controls cell fate decision in response to cisplatin treatment. KAT5/TIP60 inhibits its phosphorylation by preventing SRPK2 nuclear translocation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CCNL1 and CCNL2. Interacts with SCAF11. Interacts with ZRSR2/U2AF1-RS2. Interacts with CCDC55 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). In vitro, self-associates and binds SRSF1/SFRS1 (ASF/SF2), SNRNP70 and U2AF1 but not U2AF2. Binds SREK1/SFRS12. Interacts with BRDT.
messages: Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. It is required for formation of the earliest ATP-dependent splicing complex and interacts with spliceosomal components bound to both the 5'- and 3'-splice sites during spliceosome assembly. It also is required for ATP-dependent interactions of both U1 and U2 snRNPs with pre-mRNA (By similarity). Can bind to the myelin basic protein (MBP) gene MB3 regulatory region and increase transcription of the mbp promoter in cells derived from the CNS. The phosphorylated form (by SRPK2) is required for cellular apoptosis in response to cisplatin treatment (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Zbtb49
gene id: 10090:Zbtb49
uniprot id: Q8BXX2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with EP300, KAT5/Tip60 and ZBTB17. The interaction with EP300 is direct and leads to synergistic induction of CDKN1A. On the CDKN1A promoter, forms a complex with ZBTB17; this interaction leads to additive CDKN1A transactivation. The interaction with ZBTB17 may block ZBTB17 repressor activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor. Inhibits cell proliferation by activating either CDKN1A/p21 transcription or RB1 transcription.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in white adipose tissue and kidney, intermediate levels in brain, liver and heart, and lowest levels in spleen, brown adipose tissue and muscle.

10090:Psmc1
gene id: 10090:Psmc1
uniprot id: P62192
uniprot id: Q542I9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases including PSMC1 and few additional components. Interacts with SCA7. Interacts with NGLY1. Interacts with PAAF1.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. PSMC1 belongs to the heterohexameric ring of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteins that unfolds ubiquitinated target proteins that are concurrently translocated into a proteolytic chamber and degraded into peptides.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Adgrg6
gene id: 10090:Adgrg6
uniprot id: Q6F3F9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice die during organogenesis. Mutant embryos show signs of myocardial wall thinning, hypotrabeculation, defective mitochondrial and circulatory failure.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the heart, somite and otic vesicle during embryogenesis and in adult lung.
messages: G-protein coupled receptor which is activated by type IV collagen, a major constituent of the basement membrane. Essential for normal differentiation of promyelinating Schwann cells and for normal myelination of axons these functions are mediated via G-protein-signaling pathways (PubMed:24227709, PubMed:21613327). Regulates also neural, cardiac and ear development via G-protein- and/or N-terminus-dependent signaling. May act as a receptor for PRNP which may promote myelin homeostasis (PubMed:27501152).
messages: Interacts with Laminin-2; this interaction stabilizes the receptor in an inactive state (PubMed:25695270). Laminin-2 polymerization could facilitate ADGRG6-NTF removal, thereby exposing the tethered agonist to drive myelination (PubMed:25695270). Interacts with PRNP (PubMed:27501152).
messages: Plays an important role in heart developmention (PubMed:24082093). Necessary and sufficient for axon sorting by Schwann cells independently of the ADGRG6-CTF (PubMed:25695270).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved into 2 conserved sites: one in the GPS domain (S1 site) and the other in the middle of the extracellular domain (S2 site). The proteolytic cleavage at S1 site generates an N-terminal fragment (NTF) and a seven-transmembrane-containing C-terminal fragment (CTF). The membrane-bound CTF can act as an independent receptor and the soluble NTF can act as a ligand or coreceptor. Furin is involved in the cleavage of the S2 site generating a soluble fragment. Processing at the GPS domain occurred independent of and probably prior to the cleavage at the S2 site. Proteolytic cleavage is required for activation of the receptor (By similarity).

10090:Cyp11b1
gene id: 10090:Cyp11b1
uniprot id: Q3TG86
uniprot id: Q3UQH5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Atad3a
gene id: 10090:Atad3a
uniprot id: Q925I1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Can form homooligomers. Homodimer formation at the N-terminus may be regulated by ATP and is required for the interaction with the inner surface of the mitochondrial outer membrane and correct mitochondrial homeostasis. Interacts with components of the mitochondrial ribosome and with other proteins involved in mitochondrial RNA metabolism. May also interact with protein involved in lipid metabolism, including STARD9. May interact with FAM210A. Interacts with GADD45GIP1. Interacts with S100B in a Ca(+2)- and Zn(+2)-dependent manner; this interaction probably occurs in the cytosol prior to mitochondrial targeting. S100B could assist ATAD3A cytoplasmic processing, preventing aggregation and favoring mitochondrial localization. Interacts with HSP60/HSPD1. Forms heterooligomers with ATAD3B; this interaction may affect ATAD3A activity. Interacts with CLPB.
messages: Essential for mitochondrial network organization, mitochondrial metabolism and cell growth at organism and cellular level. May play an important role in mitochondrial protein synthesis. May also participate in mitochondrial DNA replication. May bind to mitochondrial DNA D-loops and contribute to nucleoid stability. Required for enhanced channeling of cholesterol for hormone-dependent steroidogenesis. Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity.
messages: Expressed in heart, spleen, kidney, liver and at smaller levels, in lung and muscle (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The transmembrane domain and a C-terminal adjacent region contain all information necessary for mitochondrial targeting.
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Mapre2
gene id: 10090:Mapre2
uniprot id: E9Q6X0
uniprot id: Q8R001
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAPRE family.
messages: Composed of two functionally independent domains. The N-terminal domain forms a hydrophobic cleft involved in microtubule binding and the C-terminal is involved in the formation of mutually exclusive complexes with APC and DCTN1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with DCTN1. Interacts with APC (via C-terminal). Interacts with monomeric and polymerized tubulin (By similarity). Interacts with SLAIN1 (PubMed:21646404). Interacts (via the N-terminal region) with BAG1 (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in microtubule polymerization, and spindle function by stabilizing microtubules and anchoring them at centrosomes. May play a role in cell migration (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Fam110a
gene id: 10090:Fam110a
uniprot id: Q8R184
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAM110 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May interact with CSPP1.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Fbxw7
gene id: 10090:Fbxw7
uniprot id: Q8VBV4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Homodimer; homodimerization plays a role in substrate binding and/or ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Component of the SCF(FBXW7) complex consisting of CUL1, RBX1, SKP1 and FBXW7 (PubMed:11735228). Interacts (via F-box domain) with SKP1 (PubMed:11735228). Interacts (via F-box domain) with pseudophosphatase STYX; the interaction is direct and prevents FBXW7 interaction with SKP1 (By similarity). Interacts with cyclin-E (CCNE1 or CCNE2) (By similarity). Interacts with PSEN1 (By similarity). Forms a trimeric complex with NOTCH1 and SGK1 (By similarity). Interacts with NOTCH1 intracellular domain/NICD and NOTCH4 intracellular domain/NICD (PubMed:11425854, PubMed:11461910). Interacts with NOTCH2 intracellular domain (N2ICD) (By similarity). Interacts with MYC (when phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with USP28, counteracting ubiquitination of MYC (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Thr-208) with PIN1, disrupting FBXW7 dimerization and promoting FBXW7 autoubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Interacts with UBE2QL1 (By similarity). Interacts with FAM83D; promotes FBXW7 degradation (By similarity). Interacts with MYCN; FBXW7 competes with AURKA for binding to unphosphorylated MYCN but not for binding to phosphorylated MYCN (By similarity). Interacts with JUN (By similarity). Found in a complex with JUN and PRR7 (By similarity). Interacts with JUN and PRR7; the interaction inhibits ubiquitination-mediated JUN degradation, promoting its phosphorylation and transcriptional activity (By similarity). Interacts with NFE2L1 (PubMed:21953459). Interacts with NR1D1 (By similarity). Interacts with RICTOR; mediates RICTOR ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Interacts with USP38, counteracting ubiquitination of MYC (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-208 promotes interaction with PIN1, leading to disrupt FBXW7 dimerization and promoting FBXW7 autoubiquitination and degradation. Phosphorylated by ATM at Ser-26 in response to DNA damage, promoting recruitment to DNA damage sites and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of phosphorylated XRCC4.
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:21953459, PubMed:22748924). Recognizes and binds phosphorylated sites/phosphodegrons within target proteins and thereafter brings them to the SCF complex for ubiquitination (PubMed:22748924). Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CCNE1 and MYC (PubMed:22748924). Identified substrates include cyclin-E (CCNE1 or CCNE2), DISC1, JUN, MYC, NOTCH1 released notch intracellular domain (NICD), NOTCH2, MCL1, MLST8, RICTOR and probably PSEN1 (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of JNK signaling by binding to phosphorylated JUN and promoting its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (By similarity). SCF(FBXW7) complex mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of NFE2L1 (PubMed:21953459). Involved in bone homeostasis and negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:29149593). Regulates the amplitude of the cyclic expression of hepatic core clock genes and genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism via ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of their transcriptional repressor NR1D1; CDK1-dependent phosphorylation of NR1D1 is necessary for SCF(FBXW7)-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:27238018). Also able to promote 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination in response to DNA damage (By similarity). The SCF(FBXW7) complex facilitates double-strand break repair following phosphorylation by ATM: phosphorylation promotes localization to sites of double-strand breaks and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of phosphorylated XRCC4, enhancing DNA non-homologous end joining (By similarity).
messages: The F-box domain mediates interaction with SKP1.
messages: The WD repeats mediate interaction with substrates of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex.
messages: Ubiquitinated: autoubiquitinates following phosphorylation at Thr-208 and subsequent interaction with PIN1 (By similarity). Ubiquitination leads to its proteasomal degradation (PubMed:22748924).
messages: Whole body FBW7 knockout is embryonic lethal. Conditional knockout mice in which FBW7 expression is specifically abolished in osteoclasts display severe bone resorption, bone fragility and low bone mass (PubMed:29149593). Conditional knockout in liver reduces the amplitude of the diurnal expression of many core clock genes and the altered expression of a large number of genes controlling liver metabolic pathways (PubMed:27238018).
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in brain, heart and testis.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Ndufs1
gene id: 10090:Ndufs1
uniprot id: Q91VD9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of Lys-84 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the complex I 75 kDa subunit family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters per subunit.
messages: Brain. More abundant in neurons than in astrocytes (at protein level).
messages: Core subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is composed of 45 different subunits (By similarity). This is the largest subunit of complex I and it is a component of the iron-sulfur (IP) fragment of the enzyme (By similarity). Complex I associates with ubiquinol-cytochrome reductase complex (Complex III) to form supercomplexes (PubMed:27799543). In astrocytes, less complex I is assembled into supercomplexes as compared to neurons (PubMed:27799543). Interacts with MDM2 (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP1 (PubMed:32072193).
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor (PubMed:27799543, PubMed:32072193). Essential for catalysing the entry and efficient transfer of electrons within complex I (PubMed:27799543). Plays a key role in the assembly and stability of complex I and participates in the association of complex I with ubiquinol-cytochrome reductase complex (Complex III) to form supercomplexes (PubMed:27799543).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Slc6a19
gene id: 10090:Slc6a19
uniprot id: Q3KN89
uniprot id: Q9D687
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A19 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit reduced growth, impaired body weight control, insulin response and amino acid absorption and excretion.
messages: Interacts in a tissue-specific manner with ACE2 in small intestine and with CLTRN in the kidney (PubMed:19185582, PubMed:17167413). Interacts with CLTRN; this interaction is required for trafficking of SLC6A19 to the plasma membrane and for its catalytic activation in kidneys (PubMed:17167413). Interacts with ACE2; this interaction is required for trafficking of SLC6A19 to the plasma membrane and for its catalytic activation in intestine (PubMed:19185582). Interacts with ANPEP; the interaction positively regulates its amino acid transporter activity (PubMed:22677001).
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in kidney and small intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:15044460, PubMed:19185582). Expressed in the intestinal brush border (at protein level) (PubMed:22677001). Expression not observed in other organs, such as lung, skeletal muscle, brain, liver and pancreas. In kidney, expression is localized in the renal cortex but not in the medulla. Substantial amounts of expression in the proximal tubules. The distal nephron segments and the glomeruli are consistently negative. In the small intestine, expression is exclusively localized in villus enterocytes. High resolution of the hybridization-positive villi reveals a gradient of expression with the highest levels in apical cells. Not detected in crypt cells or in any other cell types of the small intestine.
messages: Transporter that mediates resorption of neutral amino acids across the apical membrane of renal and intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:17167413, PubMed:26240152, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:15044460). This uptake is sodium-dependent and chloride-independent (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:15044460, PubMed:21636576, PubMed:26240152). Requires CLTRN in kidney or ACE2 in intestine for cell surface expression and amino acid transporter activity (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:17167413, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:22677001).

10090:Kcnq5
gene id: 10090:Kcnq5
uniprot id: E9Q9F1
uniprot id: G3UYG5
uniprot id: Q9JK45
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with KCNQ3 to form a potassium channel which contributes to M-type current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. May contribute, with other potassium channels, to the molecular diversity of a heterogeneous population of M-channels, varying in kinetic and pharmacological properties, which underlie this physiologically important current.
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. KQT (TC 1.A.1.15) subfamily. Kv7.5/KCNQ5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNQ3. Heterotetramer with KCNQ1; has a voltage-gated potassium channel activity.
messages: Membrane
messages: The activity of this channel is modulated by zinc, pH and volume changes.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Sgk1
gene id: 10090:Sgk1
uniprot id: E9Q1B0
uniprot id: E9Q8C1
uniprot id: Q9WVC6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2, MAP2K1/MEK1, MAP2K2/MEK2, NEDD4, NEDD4L, MAPT/TAU, MAPK7, CREB1, SLC9A3R2/NHERF2 and KCNJ1/ROMK1 (By similarity). Forms a trimeric complex with FBXW7 and NOTCH1 Associates with the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) via an interaction with MAPKAP1/SIN1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulated by phosphorylation. Activated by phosphorylation on Ser-422 by mTORC2, transforming it into a substrate for PDPK1 which phosphorylates it on Thr-256. Phosphorylation on Ser-397 and Ser-401 are also essential for its activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-78 by MAPK7 is required for growth factor-induced cell cycle progression (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of ion channels, membrane transporters, cellular enzymes, transcription factors, neuronal excitability, cell growth, proliferation, survival, migration and apoptosis. Plays an important role in cellular stress response. Contributes to regulation of renal Na(+) retention, renal K(+) elimination, salt appetite, gastric acid secretion, intestinal Na(+)/H(+) exchange and nutrient transport, insulin-dependent salt sensitivity of blood pressure, salt sensitivity of peripheral glucose uptake, cardiac repolarization and memory consolidation. Up-regulates Na(+) channels: SCNN1A/ENAC, SCN5A and ASIC1/ACCN2, K(+) channels: KCNJ1/ROMK1, KCNA1-5, KCNQ1-5 and KCNE1, epithelial Ca(2+) channels: TRPV5 and TRPV6, chloride channels: BSND, CLCN2 and CFTR, glutamate transporters: SLC1A3/EAAT1, SLC1A2 /EAAT2, SLC1A1/EAAT3, SLC1A6/EAAT4 and SLC1A7/EAAT5, amino acid transporters: SLC1A5/ASCT2, SLC38A1/SN1 and SLC6A19, creatine transporter: SLC6A8, Na(+)/dicarboxylate cotransporter: SLC13A2/NADC1, Na(+)-dependent phosphate cotransporter: SLC34A2/NAPI-2B, glutamate receptor: GRIK2/GLUR6. Up-regulates carriers: SLC9A3/NHE3, SLC12A1/NKCC2, SLC12A3/NCC, SLC5A3/SMIT, SLC2A1/GLUT1, SLC5A1/SGLT1 and SLC15A2/PEPT2. Regulates enzymes: GSK3A/B, PMM2 and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase, and transcription factors: CTNNB1 and nuclear factor NF-kappa-B. Stimulates sodium transport into epithelial cells by enhancing the stability and expression of SCNN1A/ENAC. This is achieved by phosphorylating the NEDD4L ubiquitin E3 ligase, promoting its interaction with 14-3-3 proteins, thereby preventing it from binding to SCNN1A/ENAC and targeting it for degradation. Regulates store-operated Ca(+2) entry (SOCE) by stimulating ORAI1 and STIM1. Regulates KCNJ1/ROMK1 directly via its phosphorylation or indirectly via increased interaction with SLC9A3R2/NHERF2. Phosphorylates MDM2 and activates MDM2-dependent ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Phosphoryla…
messages: Two specific sites, one in the kinase domain (Thr-256) and the other in the C-terminal regulatory region (Ser-422), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-397 and Ser-401 are also essential for its activity (By similarity). Activated by WNK1, WNK2, WNK3 and WNK4; which promote phosphorylation by mTORC2 (PubMed:20525693).
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinated by SYVN1 at the endoplasmic reticulum; which promotes rapid proteasomal degradation and maintains a high turnover rate in resting cells (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated by tumor suppressor p53 in mammary epithelial tumor cells.

10090:Ttll7
gene id: 10090:Ttll7
uniprot id: A4Q9F0
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, testis and trachea (PubMed:17499049). Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and trachea (PubMed:17499049). In the brain, highly expressed in hippocampus, thalamus, olfactory bulb and cerebellum cortex, corpus callosum and striatum (PubMed:16901895, PubMed:17499049).
messages: Interacts with both alpha- and beta-tubulin (via C-terminal tubulin tails).
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Polyglutamylase which modifies tubulin, generating polyglutamate side chains of variable lengths on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of tubulin (PubMed:17499049, PubMed:16901895, PubMed:19152315). Mediates both ATP-dependent initiation and elongation steps of the polyglutamylation reaction (PubMed:17499049, PubMed:16901895, PubMed:19152315). Preferentially modifies the beta-tubulin tail over an alpha-tail (PubMed:17499049, PubMed:16901895, PubMed:19152315). Competes with monoglycylase TTLL3 for modification site on beta-tubulin substrate, thereby creating an anticorrelation between glycylation and glutamylation reactions (By similarity). Required for neurite growth; responsible for the strong increase in tubulin polyglutamylation during postnatal neuronal maturation (PubMed:16901895).
messages: The enzyme uses its core to engage the disordered anionic tails of alpha- and beta-tubulin and the flexible c-MTBD (cationic microtubule binding domain) region to bind the microtubule and position itself for beta-tail modification. The c-MTBD region is positively charged and becomes ordered when bound to microtubules: it interacts with a negatively charged patch on alpha-tubulin. The presence of positive charges in the c-MTBD region is essential for proper binding.
messages: Was initially though to be involved in the side-chain initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction rather than in the elongation step (PubMed:17499049). However, it was later shown to be involved in both steps (PubMed:19152315).
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: dendrite

10090:Mgarp
gene id: 10090:Mgarp
uniprot id: Q8VI64
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the ovary, testis, brain, adrenal glands and the compartments of the visual nervous system. Expressed in corneal endothelium (CE) (at protein level). Expressed in steroidogenic tissues with the highest level of expression observed in the adrenal gland. Weakly expressed in placenta. Weakly expressed in astrocytes and neurons under normoxia. Strongly expressed in astrocytes and neurons under hypoxia. Expressed in each layer of the retina, with particularly higher staining in the inner segment of the photoreceptor (IS), the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and the ganglion cell layer (GCL).
messages: Interacts with RHOT1/Miro-1, RHOT2/Miro-2, TRAK1/OIP106 and TRAK2/GRIF1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Plays a role in the trafficking of mitochondria along microtubules (PubMed:19325000). Regulates the kinesin-mediated axonal transport of mitochondria to nerve terminals along microtubules during hypoxia (PubMed:19325000). Participates in the translocation of TRAK2/GRIF1 from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrion (PubMed:19325000). Also plays a role in steroidogenesis through maintenance of mitochondrial abundance and morphology (PubMed:19528298). Plays an inhibitory role during neocortex development by regulating mitochondrial morphology, distribution and motility in neocortical neurons (PubMed:24323429).
messages: Reduction of mitochondrial motion in the anterograde direction and increase of mitochondrial motion in the retrograde direction in response to hypoxia (PubMed:19528298). The number of motile mitochondria is not altered (PubMed:19528298). Neocortical neurons exhibit a remarkable increase of the dendritic number and the axon length (PubMed:24323429). Neuronal cells show an increase in the percentage of round mitochondria and a decrease in the percentage of rod or tubular mitochondria (PubMed:24323429).
messages: Up-regulated by chorionic gonadotropin in ovary. Up-regulated by hypoxia in a HIF-1A-dependent manner in neurons and astrocytes. Up-regulated during gonad development after birth, probably under the regulation of hormones derived from the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.

10090:Tnfaip6
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip6
uniprot id: O08859
uniprot id: Q3USX6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in cumulus cell-oocyte complexes during expansion.
messages: Expressed in epiphyseal and metaphyseal bone marrow of both the femur and tibia (at protein level).
messages: Interacts (via Link domain) with inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) component bikunin. Interacts with ITIH2/HC2; this interaction is required for transesterification of the HC to hyaluronan. Interacts (via Link and CUB domains) with ITIH1. Chondroitin sulfate may be required for the stability of the complex. Interacts (via Link domain) with various C-X-C and C-C chemokines including PF4, CXCL8, CXCL11, CXCL12, CCL2, CCL7, CCL19, CCL21, and CCL27; this interaction interferes with chemokine binding to glycosaminoglycans. Interacts (primarily via Link domain) with BMP2; this interaction is inhibited by hyaluronan. Interacts (via both Link and CUB domains) with TNFSF11. Interacts (via CUB domain) with FN1 (via type III repeats 9-14); this interaction enhances fibronectin fibril assembly. TNFAIP6 may act as a bridging molecule between FN1 and THBS1.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Major regulator of extracellular matrix organization during tissue remodeling (By similarity). Catalyzes the transfer of a heavy chain (HC) from inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) complex to hyaluronan. Cleaves the ester bond between the C-terminus of the HC and GalNAc residue of the chondroitin sulfate chain in I-alpha-I complex followed by transesterification of the HC to hyaluronan. In the process, potentiates the antiprotease function of I-alpha-I complex through release of free bikunin (By similarity). Acts as a catalyst in the formation of hyaluronan-HC oligomers and hyaluronan-rich matrix surrounding the cumulus cell-oocyte complex, a necessary step for oocyte fertilization (PubMed:12668637). Assembles hyaluronan in pericellular matrices that serve as platforms for receptor clustering and signaling. Enables binding of hyaluronan deposited on the surface of macrophages to LYVE1 on lymphatic endothelium and facilitates macrophage extravasation. Alters hyaluronan binding to functionally latent CD44 on vascular endothelium, switching CD44 into an active state that supports leukocyte rolling (By similarity). Modulates the interaction of chemokines with extracellular matrix components and proteoglycans on endothelial cell surface, likely preventing chemokine gradient formation. In a negative feedback mechanism, may limit excessive neutrophil recruitment at inflammatory sites by antagonizing the association of CXCL8 with glycosaminoglycans on vascular endothelium (By similarity). Has a role in osteogenesis and bone remodeling. Inhibits BMP2-dependent differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell to osteoblasts. Protects against bone erosion during inflammation by inhibiting TNFSF11/RANKL-dependent osteoclast activation (PubMed:18586671) (By similarity).
messages: Mutant female mice are infertile due to impaired cumulus oophorus expansion upon gonadotropin surge (PubMed:12668637). Mutant mice have twice the bone mass of wild-type littermates. They show increased trabecular number and trabecular thickness (PubMed:18586671).
messages: Secreted
messages: The CUB domain is necessary for calcium ion binding and transesterification reaction. It is required for binding to FN1.
messages: The Link domain interacts with various extracellular matrix components, including heparin, heparan sulfates, hyaluronan and I-alpha-I complex. It is required for binding to various chemokines.

10090:M6pr
gene id: 10090:M6pr
uniprot id: P24668
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer. Binds GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3 (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The extracellular domain is homologous to the repeating units (of approximately 147 AA) of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor.
messages: This receptor has optimal binding in the presence of divalent cations.
messages: Transport of phosphorylated lysosomal enzymes from the Golgi complex and the cell surface to lysosomes. Lysosomal enzymes bearing phosphomannosyl residues bind specifically to mannose-6-phosphate receptors in the Golgi apparatus and the resulting receptor-ligand complex is transported to an acidic prelyosomal compartment where the low pH mediates the dissociation of the complex.

10090:Car15
gene id: 10090:Car15
uniprot id: Q99N23
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Repressed by coumarins.
messages: Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ms4a14
gene id: 10090:Ms4a14
uniprot id: A0A087WSD2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.

10090:Gpr65
gene id: 10090:Gpr65
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0Y2
uniprot id: Q3UQ35
uniprot id: Q3UZ41
uniprot id: Q61038
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: By glucocorticoids, during apoptosis of immature thymocytes.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in thymus and at low levels in spleen.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are healthy with no signs of spontaneous colitis or inflammation, however are more susceptible to bacteria-induced colitis in comparison to the wild type.
messages: Receptor for the glycosphingolipid psychosine (PSY) and several related glycosphingolipids (By similarity). Plays a role in immune response by maintaining lysosome function and supporting phagocytosis-mediated intracellular bacteria clearance (PubMed:27287411). May have a role in activation-induced cell death or differentiation of T-cells (PubMed:8599842).

10090:Zfp709
gene id: 10090:Zfp709
uniprot id: Q8C0I0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PRMT5. Interacts with FBXO10. Interacts with FBXO11.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that mediates a transcriptional program in various innate and adaptive immune tissue-resident lymphocyte T cell types such as tissue-resident memory T (Trm), natural killer (trNK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells and negatively regulates gene expression of proteins that promote the egress of tissue-resident T-cell populations from non-lymphoid organs. Plays a role in the development, retention and long-term establishment of adaptive and innate tissue-resident lymphocyte T cell types in non-lymphoid organs, such as the skin and gut, but also in other nonbarrier tissues like liver and kidney, and therefore may provide immediate immunological protection against reactivating infections or viral reinfection. Binds specifically to the PRDI element in the promoter of the beta-interferon gene. Drives the maturation of B-lymphocytes into Ig secreting cells. Associates with the transcriptional repressor ZNF683 to chromatin at gene promoter regions.

10090:Tmem238
gene id: 10090:Tmem238
uniprot id: A9JSM3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Nodal
gene id: 10090:Nodal
uniprot id: P43021
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Essential for mesoderm formation and axial patterning during embryonic development.
messages: Expressed in the node during gastrulation. Expression is first detected in primitive streak-stage embryos at about the time of mesoderm formation. It then becomes highly localized in the node at the anterior of the primitive streak.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Secreted

10090:Kcnmb2
gene id: 10090:Kcnmb2
uniprot id: Q9CZM9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family. KCNMB2 subfamily.
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 tetramer. There are probably 4 molecules of KCMNB2 per KCNMA1 tetramer (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Acts as a negative regulator that confers rapid and complete inactivation of KCNMA1 channel complex (By similarity).
messages: The ball and chain domain mediates the inactivation of KCNMA1. It occludes the conduction pathway of KCNMA1 channels, and comprises the pore-blocking ball domain (residues 1-17) and the chain domain (residues 20-45) linking it to the transmembrane segment. The ball domain is made up of a flexible N-terminus anchored at a well ordered loop-helix motif. The chain domain consists of a 4-turn helix with an unfolded linker at its C-terminus (By similarity).

10090:Lhb
gene id: 10090:Lhb
uniprot id: G3X9G6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pttg1
gene id: 10090:Pttg1
uniprot id: Q9CQJ7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the securin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During the stages 11.5-13.5 dpc it is expressed in most tissues of the embryo. Within the telencephalon, it is exclusively expressed inside of the ventricular zone (VZ). The expression reaches its peak by 15.5 dpc and starts to decrease by 18.5 dpc, and is not detectable in the adult brains. Most of the cells expressing it were found in the lower part of the ventricular zone.
messages: Interacts with RPS10 and DNAJA1. Interacts with the caspase-like ESPL1, and prevents its protease activity probably by covering its active site. Interacts with p53/TP53 and blocks its activity probably by blocking its binding to DNA. Interacts with the Ku 70 kDa subunit of ds-DNA kinase. Interacts with PTTG1IP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-162 by CDC2 during mitosis.
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by ds-DNA kinase.
messages: Regulatory protein, which plays a central role in chromosome stability, in the p53/TP53 pathway, and DNA repair. Probably acts by blocking the action of key proteins. During the mitosis, it blocks Separase/ESPL1 function, preventing the proteolysis of the cohesin complex and the subsequent segregation of the chromosomes. At the onset of anaphase, it is ubiquitinated, conducting to its destruction and to the liberation of ESPL1. Its function is however not limited to a blocking activity, since it is required to activate ESPL1. Negatively regulates the transcriptional activity and related apoptosis activity of p53/TP53. The negative regulation of p53/TP53 may explain the strong transforming capability of the protein when it is overexpressed. May also play a role in DNA repair via its interaction with Ku, possibly by connecting DNA damage-response pathways with sister chromatid separation (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal destruction box (D-box) acts as a recognition signal for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
messages: The TEK-boxes are required for 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitination and facilitate the transfer of the first ubiquitin and ubiquitin chain nucleation. TEK-boxes may direct a catalytically competent orientation of the UBE2C/UBCH10-ubiquitin thioester with the acceptor lysine residue (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated through 'Lys-11' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the anaphase promoting complex (APC) at the onset of anaphase, conducting to its degradation. 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitination is mediated by the E2 ligase UBE2C/UBCH10 (By similarity).

10090:Rpl34
gene id: 10090:Rpl34
uniprot id: Q9D1R9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: cytosol

10090:H1f3
gene id: 10090:H1f3
uniprot id: P43277
uniprot id: Q149Z9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-55 (H1R54ci) by PADI4 takes place within the DNA-binding site of H1 and results in its displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance.
messages: H1 histones are progressively phosphorylated during the cell cycle, becoming maximally phosphorylated during late G2 phase and M phase, and being dephosphorylated sharply thereafter.
messages: Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibers. Acts also as a regulator of individual gene transcription through chromatin remodeling, nucleosome spacing and DNA methylation (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: No visible phenotype. Triple-deficient mice (H1-2, H1-3 and H1-4) die by midgestation with a broad range of defects. These embryos have about 50% of the normal ratio of H1 to nucleosomes, demonstrating that critical levels of total H1 histones are essential for mouse embryogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain is required for high-affinity binding to chromatin.

10090:Noc4l
gene id: 10090:Noc4l
uniprot id: Q8BHY2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CBF/MAK21 family.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: nucleolus

10090:Bbln
gene id: 10090:Bbln
uniprot id: P58686
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPF0184 (EST00098) family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Essential for intermediate filament organization in intestinal cells, interacts with intermediate filament and regulates intestinal lumen morphology.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gas8
gene id: 10090:Gas8
uniprot id: Q49MD7
uniprot id: Q60779
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DRC4 family.
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) (By similarity). Interacts with microtubules (PubMed:17366626). Interacts with SMO (PubMed:21659505). Interacts (via coiled-coil domains) with RAB3B (in GTP-bound form) (PubMed:18396146). Interacts with DRC1 (By similarity). Interacts with DRC7 (PubMed:31961863).
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), a key regulator of ciliary/flagellar motility which maintains the alignment and integrity of the distal axoneme and regulates microtubule sliding in motile axonemes. Plays an important role in the assembly of the N-DRC linker (By similarity). Plays dual roles at both the primary (or non-motile) cilia to regulate hedgehog signaling and in motile cilia to coordinate cilia movement. Required for proper motile cilia functioning. Positively regulates ciliary smoothened (SMO)-dependent Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway by facilitating the trafficking of SMO into the cilium and the stimulation of SMO activity in a GRK2-dependent manner (PubMed:17366626, PubMed:21659505, PubMed:27472056). May play a role in the spermatozoa motility (PubMed:11751847).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed during serum starvation or contact inhibition of cells grown in murine fibroblasts.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in adult testes and lung. Weakly or not expressed in other tested tissues.
messages: Mice show primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) like symptoms including situs inversus and hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus starts at postnatal day 5 (P5) and becomes more pronounced as the mice mature, eventually leading to mortality between P14-P21. Development of hydrocephalus is associated with severe impairment of cilia motility on ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain.
messages: Weakly or not expressed in neonates and young adolescents. Then, it is strongly expressed postmeiotically. Accumulates in gametocytes as they approach the lumen of seminiferous tubules and thereafter.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: flagellum
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Or9s13
gene id: 10090:Or9s13
uniprot id: Q0VBN7
uniprot id: Q60894
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Psma2
gene id: 10090:Psma2
uniprot id: P49722
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.
messages: Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues; which may be important for nuclear import.
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7.

10090:Ldlrad1
gene id: 10090:Ldlrad1
uniprot id: D3YYZ1
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Prss38
gene id: 10090:Prss38
uniprot id: Q3UKY7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Spdef
gene id: 10090:Spdef
uniprot id: Q9WTP3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Expressed in the accessory glands of sex organs including the prostate, seminal vesicle, coagulating gland in males, the oviduct in females, and in intestines. Expression is epithelial-specific.
messages: Interacts with the DNA-binding domain of the androgen receptor. Interacts with NKX3-1 (By similarity).
messages: May function as an androgen-independent transactivator of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) promoter. Binds to 5'-GGAT-3' DNA sequences. May play a role in the regulation of the prostate gland and/or prostate cancer development. Acts as a transcriptional activator for SERPINB5 promoter (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cyp2a4
gene id: 10090:Cyp2a4
uniprot id: P15392
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. Also active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone and androstenedione. Little or no activity on corticosterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol or estriol.
messages: Kidney and lung. Expressed in liver, with a strong circadian rhythmicity. Circadian expression is regulated by DBP.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: There are only 11 differences between the sequence of testosterone 15-alpha-hydroxylase and that of coumarin 7-hydroxylase. By site-directed mutagenesis it has been shown that modification of position 209 is sufficient to convert the specificity of the two forms of the enzyme.

10090:Nr2f1
gene id: 10090:Nr2f1
uniprot id: Q32NY6
uniprot id: Q60632
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as dimer; homodimer and probable heterodimer with NR2F6. Interacts with GTF2B; this interaction is direct. Interacts with COPS2.
messages: Coup (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter) transcription factor binds to the ovalbumin promoter and, in conjunction with another protein (S300-II) stimulates initiation of transcription. Binds to both direct repeats and palindromes of the 5'-AGGTCA-3' motif. Represses transcriptional activity of LHCG (By similarity).
messages: Expression begins in 8.5-day-old embryos, peaks at 14-15 days and declines before birth.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pgbd5
gene id: 10090:Pgbd5
uniprot id: D3YZI9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 20-nucleotide gap within coding exon 1.
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: Has been domesticated very early in vertebrate evolution, approximately 500 million years ago, in the common ancestor of cephalochordates and vertebrates.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transposase that mediates sequence-specific genomic rearrangements.

10090:Zfp746
gene id: 10090:Zfp746
uniprot id: Q3U133
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via C2H2-type zinc fingers) with PRKN (PubMed:21376232). Interacts with TRIM28 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription repressor that specifically binds to the 5'-TATTTT[T/G]-3' consensus sequence on promoters and repress transcription of PGC-1-alpha (PPARGC1A), thereby playing a role in regulation of neuron death.
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination by PRKN leads to degradation by the proteasome and may play a key role in regulation of neuron death (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. In brain, it is heterogeneously distributed throughout the brain and localizes to neurons, including substantia nigra pars compacta dopamine-containing neurons. Weakly expressed in cerebellum and midbrain (at protein level).

10090:Cst7
gene id: 10090:Cst7
uniprot id: O89098
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Inhibits papain and cathepsin L but with affinities lower than other cystatins. May play a role in immune regulation through inhibition of a unique target in the hematopoietic system.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ncapd2
gene id: 10090:Ncapd2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0H7
uniprot id: Q8K2Z4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CND1 (condensin subunit 1) family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the condensin complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and three non SMC subunits that probably regulate the complex: NCAPH/BRRN1, NCAPD2/CAPD2 and NCAPG. Interacts with histones H1 and H3 (By similarity).
messages: Contaminating sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1. Its phosphorylation, as well as that of NCAPH and NCAPG subunits, activates the condensin complex and is required for chromosome condensation (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. May target the condensin complex to DNA via its C-terminal domain. May promote the resolution of double-strand DNA catenanes (intertwines) between sister chromatids. Condensin-mediated compaction likely increases tension in catenated sister chromatids, providing directionality for type II topoisomerase-mediated strand exchanges toward chromatid decatenation. Required for decatenation of non-centromeric ultrafine DNA bridges during anaphase. Early in neurogenesis, may play an essential role to ensure accurate mitotic chromosome condensation in neuron stem cells, ultimately affecting neuron pool and cortex size.
messages: The C-terminal domain interacts with histones H1 and H3, and may be responsible for condensin complex targeting to mitotic chromosomes. This domain is independent from the bipartite nuclear localization signal, although they are contained within the same region (By similarity).

10090:Krt24
gene id: 10090:Krt24
uniprot id: A1L317
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic) (40-55 and 56-70 kDa, respectively).

10090:Slc1a3
gene id: 10090:Slc1a3
uniprot id: P56564
uniprot id: Q543U3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family. SLC1A3 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains eight transmembrane regions plus two helical hairpins that dip into the membrane. These helical hairpin structures play an important role in the transport process. The first enters the membrane from the cytoplasmic side, the second one from the extracellular side. During the transport cycle, the regions involved in amino acid transport, and especially the helical hairpins, move vertically by about 15-18 Angstroms, alternating between exposure to the aqueous phase and reinsertion in the lipid bilayer. In contrast, the regions involved in trimerization do not move.
messages: Detected in brain, in Bergmann glia arborising into the molecular layer of the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:15363892). Localized in brain and is highly enriched in the Purkinje cell layer in cerebellum. Intermediate level in lung, low level in spleen, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:15363892, PubMed:15390100). Mutant mice display normal locomotion, motor coordination and learning, and globally normal glutamate uptake in brain vesicle preparations (PubMed:15363892). The decay time of glutamate receptor mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in cerebellar Purkinje is slightly increased (PubMed:15363892). The decreased rate of glutamate uptake in retina Mueller cells from mutant mice suggests that Slc1a3 accounts for about half of the glutamate uptake activity in wild-type cells (PubMed:15390100). Mice deficient in both Slc1a2 and Slc1a3 die at about 17 dpc (PubMed:16880397).
messages: Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate (PubMed:7903437, PubMed:28032905). Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion (By similarity). Plays a redundant role in the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, which is essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate (PubMed:15363892, PubMed:15390100, PubMed:16880397).

10090:Gm10229
gene id: 10090:Gm10229
uniprot id: O08631
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 6 family.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Mgrn1
gene id: 10090:Mgrn1
uniprot id: Q9D074
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated in vitro.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Mediates TSG101 monoubiquitination at multiple sites. Plays a role in the regulation of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking. Impairs MC1R- and MC4R-signaling by competing with GNAS-binding to MCRs and inhibiting agonist-induced cAMP production. Does not inhibit ADRB2-signaling. Does not promote MC1R ubiquitination (By similarity). Acts also as a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling (PubMed:29290584).
messages: Early endosome
messages: In presomite and early somite stage embryos, most strongly expressed in the node and more weakly in the neuroepithelium. In 6- to 12-somite embryos, strongest expression in the node, symmetrically in the floor plate of the neural tube and in the developing heart; weaker expression in paraxial mesoderm, somites, neuroepithelium, as well as in hind- and foregut pockets. By 9.5 dpc, virtually ubiquitous.
messages: Interacts with MC1R and MC4R (By similarity). Interacts with TSG101. Interacts with mislocalized cytosolically exposed PRNP; this interaction alters MGRN1 subcellular location and causes lysosomal enlargement.
messages: Mutant mice have a pleiotropic phenotype that includes the absence of yellow hair pigment, curly hair and whiskers, abnormal craniofacial patterning, reduced embryonic viability due to mispatterning of the left-right body axis and age-dependent spongiform neurodegeneration. Many months before onset of vacuolation, mitochondrial complex IV expression and activity is significantly reduced in mutant brains and oxidative stress is increased. A global reduction of ubiquitinated proteins in the brain is observed. At 1 month of age, null mutant mouse brains have less ubiquitinated TSG101, while adult mutant brains contain more ubiquitinated and insoluble TSG101 than wild type. At 1 month of age, significant increase in EGFR levels in the brains of null mutant mice relative to wild-type mice, suggesting an impaired trafficking to the lysosome for degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Partial rescue of the phenotype of mutant null mice.
messages: Sufficient for normal development, pigmentation and neuronal integrity.
messages: The RING finger is required for ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: Unable to rescue the phenotype of mutant null mice. This sequence has been deduced from the description in PubMed:19422019.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in brain, heart, kidney and liver. In the CNS, especially prominent in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In the skin, expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicles, primarily in the outer root sheath. Isoforms 1, 3, 4 and 5 are equally expressed in the liver. Isoforms 1, 3 and 4 are most abundant in brain, kidney and heart, respectively.

10090:Or1j1
gene id: 10090:Or1j1
uniprot id: Q60879
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Clic1
gene id: 10090:Clic1
uniprot id: Q542F1
uniprot id: Q9Z1Q5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel CLIC family.
messages: Can insert into membranes and form chloride ion channels. Channel activity depends on the pH. Membrane insertion seems to be redox-regulated and may occur only under oxydizing conditions (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Members of this family may change from a globular, soluble state to a state where the N-terminal domain is inserted into the membrane and functions as chloride channel. A conformation change of the N-terminal domain is thought to expose hydrophobic surfaces that trigger membrane insertion (By similarity).
messages: Members of this family may change from a globular, soluble state to a state where the N-terminal domain is inserted into the membrane and functions as chloride channel. A conformation change of the N-terminal domain is thought to expose hydrophobic surfaces that trigger membrane insertion.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer (in vitro). Interacts with TRAPPC2. Dimerization requires a conformation change that leads to the exposure of a large hydrophobic surface. In vivo, this may lead to membrane insertion. Interacts with AKAP9 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus membrane

10090:Qpct
gene id: 10090:Qpct
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0G6
uniprot id: A0A3B2W7G1
uniprot id: Q3UFN2
uniprot id: Q9CYK2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase family.
messages: It is unclear whether this protein requires a metal cofactor for catalysis. It was originally proposed to be a Zn(2+)-dependent metalloenzyme based on structural similarities to bacterial aminopeptidases and the observation that it can bind Zn(2+) ions, typically in a 1:1 stoichiometry (PubMed:21671571). However, a recent study suggests a Zn(2+)-independent catalytic mechanism (By similarity).
messages: Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N-terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Srsf3
gene id: 10090:Srsf3
uniprot id: P84104
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highest expression in thymus and pre-B cell lines; high, in testis, brain and spleen; very low in heart and not detectable in liver and kidney.
messages: Interacts with CPSF6 (By similarity). Interacts with RBMY1A1 (By similarity). Interacts with SREK1/SFRS12 (By similarity). Interacts with NXF1 (By similarity). Interacts with YTHDC1, leading to recruitment to RNA elements adjacent to m6A sites (PubMed:29799838).
messages: Isoform long is induced by serum; in a tissue culture.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated by CLK1, CLK2, CLK3 and CLK4. Extensively phosphorylated on serine residues in the RS domain.
messages: Splicing factor that specifically promotes exon-inclusion during alternative splicing. Interaction with YTHDC1, a RNA-binding protein that recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs, promotes recruitment of SRSF3 to its mRNA-binding elements adjacent to m6A sites, leading to exon-inclusion during alternative splicing. Also functions as export adapter involved in mRNA nuclear export. Binds mRNA which is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NXF1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity. Involved in nuclear export of m6A-containing mRNAs via interaction with YTHDC1: interaction with YTHDC1 facilitates m6A-containing mRNA-binding to both SRSF3 and NXF1, promoting mRNA nuclear export. RNA-binding is semi-sequence specific.

10090:Vmn1r191
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r191
uniprot id: Q8K4D0
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:H2ab3
gene id: 10090:H2ab3
uniprot id: S4R1G7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Cwf19l2
gene id: 10090:Cwf19l2
uniprot id: Q8BG79
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CWF19 family.

10090:Tktl1
gene id: 10090:Tktl1
uniprot id: Q99MX0
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transketolase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit. Can also utilize other divalent metal cations, such as Ca(2+), Mn(2+) and Co(2+).
messages: Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Not expressed in the embryonic neocortex.

10090:Egr4
gene id: 10090:Egr4
uniprot id: Q9WUF2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the EGR C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator. Recognizes and binds to the DNA sequence 5'-GCGGGGGCG-3' (GSG). Activates the transcription of target genes whose products are required for mitogenesis and differentiation (By similarity).

10090:Shisa4
gene id: 10090:Shisa4
uniprot id: Q8CA71
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the shisa family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cnpy2
gene id: 10090:Cnpy2
uniprot id: Q9QXT0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the canopy family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with MYLIP/MIR.
messages: Positive regulator of neurite outgrowth by stabilizing myosin regulatory light chain (MRLC). It prevents MIR-mediated MRLC ubiquitination and its subsequent proteasomal degradation (By similarity).

10090:Or7a35
gene id: 10090:Or7a35
uniprot id: Q8VGU6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Susd3
gene id: 10090:Susd3
uniprot id: Q9D176
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Igf2bp3
gene id: 10090:Igf2bp3
uniprot id: Q9CPN8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: All KH domains contribute binding to target mRNA. Domains KH3 and KH4 are the major RNA-binding modules, although KH1 and KH2 also contribute. The KH domains are also required for RNA-dependent homo- and heterooligomerization. The integrity of KH domains seems not to be required for localization to stress granules.
messages: Belongs to the RRM IMP/VICKZ family.
messages: Can form homooligomers and heterooligomers with IGF2BP1 and IGF2BP3 in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with ELAVL1, DHX9, HNRNPU, MATR3 and PABPC1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in oocytes, spermatogonia and spermatocytes (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in zygotes and blastocysts (at protein level). Expressed in gonads at 12.5 and 14.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in germ cells at 16.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in brain at 10.5 dpc and declining towards birth (at protein level). Expressed during fetal development at 7, 9.5, 10.5, 12.5, 14.5 and 17.5 dpc and declining towards birth.
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-body
messages: RNA-binding factor that may recruit target transcripts to cytoplasmic protein-RNA complexes (mRNPs). This transcript 'caging' into mRNPs allows mRNA transport and transient storage. It also modulates the rate and location at which target transcripts encounter the translational apparatus and shields them from endonuclease attacks or microRNA-mediated degradation. Preferentially binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing mRNAs and increases their stability (By similarity). Binds to the 3'-UTR of CD44 mRNA and stabilizes it, hence promotes cell adhesion and invadopodia formation (By similarity). Binds to beta-actin/ACTB and MYC transcripts (By similarity). Increases MYC mRNA stability by binding to the coding region instability determinant (CRD) and binding is enhanced by m6A-modification of the CRD (By similarity). Binds to the 5'-UTR of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) mRNAs.
messages: Stress granule

10090:Psmc6
gene id: 10090:Psmc6
uniprot id: P62334
uniprot id: Q14AQ1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases including PSMC6 and few additional components. Interacts with PAAF1.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. PSMC6 belongs to the heterohexameric ring of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteins that unfolds ubiquitinated target proteins that are concurrently translocated into a proteolytic chamber and degraded into peptides.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Reg3b
gene id: 10090:Reg3b
uniprot id: P35230
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a hormone in response to different stimuli. Secreted by different cell types to activate its receptor EXTL3 and induce cell specific signaling pathways (PubMed:34099862). In pancreas, is able stimulate cell proliferation (PubMed:34099862).
messages: Bactericidal C-type lectin which acts against several intestinal Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Lacks antibacterial activity against S.typhimurium. May play a role in protection against infection with S.enteritidis by inhibiting its translocation from the gut lumen into intestinal tissues and further extraintestinal tissues.
messages: Constitutively expressed in the small intestine, moderately in colon and at an extremely low level in healthy pancreas.
messages: Forms a hexameric membrane-permeabilizing oligomeric pore on membrane phospholipids. The hexamer is formed by three dimers related by helical symmetry. Forms filaments, filamentation traps pore complexes and limits damage to host cells. Interacts with EXTL3.
messages: Lipopolysaccharide inhibits pore-forming activity, explaining why is bactericidal for Gram-positive but not Gram-negative bacteria.
messages: Mice are more susceptible to salmonellosis, but not listeriosis.
messages: Overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis.
messages: Proteolytic processing by trypsin removes an inhibitory N-terminal propeptide and is essential for peptidoglycan binding and antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: The EPN motif is essential for recognition of the peptidoglycan carbohydrate backbone and for efficient bacterial killing with Glu-114 playing a key role in peptidoglycan binding and bactericidal activity.
messages: Up-regulated in the intestine by S.typhimurium infection (at protein level). Appears in pancreatic juice after induction of pancreatic inflammation.

10090:Mycl
gene id: 10090:Mycl
uniprot id: P10166
uniprot id: Q3UIE0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Binds DNA as a heterodimer with MAX.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Abt1
gene id: 10090:Abt1
uniprot id: Q9QYL7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ESF2/ABP1 family.
messages: Could be a novel TATA-binding protein (TBP) which can function as a basal transcription activator. Can act as a regulator of basal transcription for class II genes.
messages: Interacts with ESF1/ABTAP. Interacts with IGHMBP2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Lix1l
gene id: 10090:Lix1l
uniprot id: G3X9C8
uniprot id: Q8BQ89
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LIX1 family.

10090:Or5b111
gene id: 10090:Or5b111
uniprot id: Q7TQR2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rhoq
gene id: 10090:Rhoq
uniprot id: Q8R527
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with EXO70, CDC42EP1, CDC42EP2 and CDC42EP3 in a GTP-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with CDC42EP4, PARD6A, PARD6G (and probably PARD6B) in a GTP-dependent manner. Part of a quaternary complex containing PARD3, some PARD6 protein (PARD6A, PARD6B or PARD6G) and some atypical PKC protein (PRKCI or PRKCZ). Interacts with GOPC (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGAP33/TCGAP.
messages: May be post-translationally modified by both palmitoylation and polyisoprenylation.
messages: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. May play a role in CFTR trafficking to the plasma membrane. Causes the formation of thin, actin-rich surface projections called filopodia (By similarity).
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase.

10090:Slc9a9
gene id: 10090:Slc9a9
uniprot id: Q8BZ00
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice do not show obvious changes in gross hippocampal morphology or impairments in locomotion, anxiety, smell, or pain sensitivity, however they display autism-like traits, such as reduced ultrasonic vocalization (number of calls and duration), decreased preference for social novelty, and display an increased time self-grooming (PubMed:26755066). Nervous system-specific conditional knockout mice show abnormal social and olfactive behavior, abnormal CNS synaptic transmission, impaired synaptic vesicle exocytosis, impaired presynaptic calcium entry, and decreased synaptic vesicle pH (PubMed:29362376).
messages: Down-regulated upon bacterial infection in macrophages.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosomal Na(+), K(+)/H(+) antiporter. Mediates the electroneutral exchange of endosomal luminal H(+) for a cytosolic Na(+) or K(+) (PubMed:17005858). By facilitating proton efflux, SLC9A9 counteracts the acidity generated by vacuolar (V)-ATPase, thereby limiting luminal acidification. Regulates organellar pH and consequently, endosome maturation and endocytic trafficking of plasma membrane receptors and neurotransporters (PubMed:29362376, PubMed:24065030). Promotes the recycling of transferrin receptors back to the cell surface to facilitate additional iron uptake in the brain (By similarity). Regulates synaptic transmission by regulating the luminal pH of axonal endosomes (PubMed:29362376). Regulates phagosome lumenal pH, thus affecting phagosome maturation, and consequently, microbicidal activity in macrophages (PubMed:35716776). Can also be active at the cell surface of specialized cells, e.g., in the inner ear hair bundles uses the high K(+) of the endolymph to regulate intracelular pH (PubMed:17005858).
messages: Expressed in the brain (PubMed:24065030). Highly expressed in immune cells, specifically macrophages (PubMed:35716776).
messages: Expression is relatively low during development and begins to increase only postnatally, peaking at around postnatal day 50 and declining thereafter.
messages: Homodimer; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) could be involved in the dimer stabilization (By similarity). Interacts (via the C-terminus) with RACK1 (By similarity). Interacts with CHP1 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Kics2
gene id: 10090:Kics2
uniprot id: Q6P1I3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the KICSTOR complex functions in the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Recruits, in an amino acid-independent manner, the GATOR1 complex to the lysosomal membranes and allows its interaction with GATOR2 and the RAG GTPases. Functions upstream of the RAG GTPases and is required to negatively regulate mTORC1 signaling in absence of amino acids. In absence of the KICSTOR complex mTORC1 is constitutively localized to the lysosome and activated. The KICSTOR complex is also probably involved in the regulation of mTORC1 by glucose.
messages: Belongs to the KICS2 family.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Part of the KICSTOR complex composed of KPTN, ITFG2, KICS2 and SZT2. SZT2 probably serves as a link between the other three proteins in the KICSTOR complex and may mediate the direct interaction with the GATOR complex via GATOR1. The KICSTOR complex interacts directly with the GATOR1 complex and most probably indirectly with the GATOR2 complex in an amino acid-independent manner.

10090:Pdia5
gene id: 10090:Pdia5
uniprot id: Q921X9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Interacts with CALR (via P-domain).

10090:Dnah2
gene id: 10090:Dnah2
uniprot id: D3Z667
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.

10090:Vmn1r231
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r231
uniprot id: Q8R2A3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Calhm2
gene id: 10090:Calhm2
uniprot id: Q3V3G1
uniprot id: Q4VA34
uniprot id: Q8VEC4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CALHM family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated ion channel.

10090:Gcat
gene id: 10090:Gcat
uniprot id: E9PWY6
uniprot id: O88986
uniprot id: Q9CZ08
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in the placenta, brain and liver during embryonic development (at protein level).
messages: Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, which catalyzes the cleavage of 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate to glycine and acetyl-CoA. Catalyzes the second reaction step on the main metabolic degradation pathway for L-threonine.

10090:Tectb
gene id: 10090:Tectb
uniprot id: O08524
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May form homomeric filament after self-association or heteromeric filament after association with alpha-tectorin (Probable). Interacts with CEACAM16 (PubMed:25080593).
messages: One of the major non-collagenous components of the tectorial membrane (By similarity). The tectorial membrane is an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that covers the neuroepithelium of the cochlea and contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells. Sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia and leads to fluctuations in hair-cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals.
messages: The presence of a hydrophobic C-terminus preceded by a potential cleavage site strongly suggests that tectorins are synthesized as glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked, membrane-bound precursors. Tectorins are targeted to the apical surface of the inner ear epithelia by the lipid and proteolytically released into the extracellular compartment.
messages: Zona pellucida domain may enable to form filaments.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tcf15
gene id: 10090:Tcf15
uniprot id: Q60756
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Early transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis, paraxial mesoderm development and regulation of stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:7597044, PubMed:8955271, PubMed:23395635, PubMed:32669716, PubMed:24038871). Essential for the mesenchymal to epithelial transition associated with somite formation (PubMed:7597044, PubMed:8955271, PubMed:24038871). Required for somite morphogenesis, thereby regulating patterning of the axial skeleton and skeletal muscles (PubMed:8955271). Required for proper localization of somite epithelium markers during the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (PubMed:24038871). Also plays a key role in regulation of stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:23395635, PubMed:32669716). Promotes pluripotency exit of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by priming ESCs for differentiation (PubMed:23395635). Acts as a key regulator of self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by mediating HSCs quiescence and long-term self-renewal (PubMed:32669716). Together with MEOX2, regulates transcription in heart endothelial cells to regulate fatty acid transport across heart endothelial cells (PubMed:25561514). Acts by forming a heterodimer with another helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein, such as TCF3/E12, that binds DNA on E-box motifs (5'-CANNTG-3') and activates transcription of target genes (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:23395635).
messages: Expressed in heart and skeletal muscle (PubMed:8041747, PubMed:7597044). Specifically expressed in a subpopulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), that are still undifferentiated but primed for ifferentiation (PubMed:23395635). Expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (PubMed:32669716).
messages: Expressed in the embryonic day 4.5 embryo (PubMed:23395635). Expressed in paraxial mesoderm and developing somites (PubMed:7729571). At 7.5 dpc, low expression is detected in a subdomain of the primitive mesoderm (PubMed:8041747). At 8.5 dpc, expressed at high levels throughout the uncompartmentalized epithelial somites and in the rostral paraxial mesoderm (PubMed:8041747). By 9.5 dpc, expression is confined to the somite and is most prominent in the myotome and dermatome (PubMed:8041747). At 10 dpc, expression in somite declines in the myotome but persists at high level in the dermatome (PubMed:8041747). At 10.5 dpc, expression is seen only in the somites in the caudal portion of the embryo (PubMed:8041747).
messages: Heterodimer; efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein, such as TCF3/E12 (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:23395635). Interacts with MEOX2 (PubMed:25561514).
messages: Lethality within an hour of birth, possibly caused by rib defects that lead to respiratory distress (PubMed:8955271). At birth, neonates display obvious caudal agenesis with tails that are shortened and curled (PubMed:8955271). They also lack the normal cervical flexure of the vertebral column, and their hindlimbs are curved towards the midline (PubMed:8955271). Neonates also display low-set ears, a thickened neck and loose skin (PubMed:8955271). Defects are caused by impaired formation of somites: cells from the paraxial mesoderm are unable to form epithelia, preventing formation of somites (PubMed:8955271). In the absence of normal somites, the axial skeleton and skeletal muscle form but are improperly patterned (PubMed:8955271). Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) show a specific loss of quiescent stem cells (PubMed:32669716).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or52n3
gene id: 10090:Or52n3
uniprot id: Q8VG79
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or6s1
gene id: 10090:Or6s1
uniprot id: E9Q0Z1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or8d2b
gene id: 10090:Or8d2b
uniprot id: Q9EQ98
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Krt13
gene id: 10090:Krt13
uniprot id: P08730
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed in the oral mucosa, including the palate, dorsal tongue, ventral tongue, and the floor of the mouth at 17.5 dpc (PubMed:32758484). Expressed in basal cells and differentiated keratinocytes at the ventral surface and the oral interpapillary cell column on the dorsal surface of the tongue at birth (PubMed:32758484). Ubiquitously expressed in basal cells and differentiated keratinocytes on the ventral tongue epithelium, however expression was limited to the cells in the interpapillary region and keratinized layer on the dorsal tongue at postnatal day 20 (P20) (PubMed:32758484). Also expressed in the buccal mucosa and esophagus at P20 (PubMed:32758484).
messages: Expressed in tongue epithelia (at protein level) (PubMed:1695590). Expressed in upper suprabasal layers of the corneal epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:26758872).
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: Knockout mice maintain a normal body weight and developmental phenotype (PubMed:32758484). Tongue histological abnormalities are evident at P20 including the loss of two lingual vessel branches at the ventral side of the tongue which appears white and wrinkled, especially on the ventral surface at three weeks of age (PubMed:32758484). Loss of column-like basal cell organization and increase in nuclear atypia and vacuolization in both the basal and suprabasal layers of the tongue (PubMed:32758484). Loss of keratohyalin granules, abnormal presence of cuboidal cells in the suprabasal layers and loss of organization of the outermost keratin layer leading to a foamy appearance (PubMed:32758484). Increase in intracellular gaps, however desmosomes still formed but were found broken and intermediate filaments running from the desmosomes to the cytoplasm were missing or reduced (PubMed:32758484). Cytoplasmic vacuolization is evident in all cell layers and large lipid droplets are found in granular cells in the tongue epithelia (PubMed:32758484). Severe abnormalities in buccal mucosa and esophagus including thickened epithelium, immature suprabasal cells, loss of keratohyalin granules and a disorganized keratin layer at P20 (PubMed:32758484). Disrupted proliferation and differentiation in tongue epithelial cells at P20, as indicated by disordered expression of the transcription factor Tp63/P63, the basal progenitor cell marker Krt5, and the differentiated epithelial cell marker Loricrin (PubMed:32758484). Increase in proliferating cells in the upper layers of the tongue epithelium at P20 (PubMed:32758484). Normal tongue morphology, structural architecture and epithelial cell proliferation at birth (PubMed:32758484). Differential expression of 125 genes in the tongue at P0, enriched in keratinization, proinflammatory responses, stress-activated protein kinase signaling and threonine/lipid metabolic processes (PubMed:32758484). Differential expression of 2907 genes in the ventr…
messages: O-glycosylated; glycans consist of single N-acetylglucosamine residues.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).
messages: Type 1 keratin (Probable). Maintains postnatal tongue mucosal cell homeostasis and tissue organization in response to mechanical stress, potentially via regulation of the G1/S phase cyclins CCNE1 and CCNE2 (PubMed:32758484).

10090:Aff3
gene id: 10090:Aff3
uniprot id: D3YYI6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the AF4 family.

10090:Arhgap12
gene id: 10090:Arhgap12
uniprot id: Q8C0D4
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Irf1
gene id: 10090:Irf1
uniprot id: P15314
uniprot id: Q3U5M1
uniprot id: Q5SX13
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by MYD88.
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Induced by IFN-gamma (PubMed:17018642, PubMed:18955028, PubMed:29321274). Induced by influenza A virus (PubMed:29321274).
messages: Monomer (PubMed:9422515). Homodimer (PubMed:9422515). Interacts with EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with MYD88 (PubMed:17018642). Interacts with PIAS3 (PubMed:12387893).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2 and this positively regulates its activity.
messages: Sumoylation represses the transcriptional activity and displays enhanced resistance to protein degradation (PubMed:12387893, PubMed:18955028). Sumolyated by UBE2I/UBC9 and SUMO1 (PubMed:18955028). Inactivates the tumor suppressor activity (By similarity). Elevated levels in tumor cells (By similarity). Major site is Lys-276 (By similarity). Sumoylation is enhanced by PIAS3 (PubMed:12387893). Desumoylated by SENP1 in tumor cells and appears to compete with ubiquitination on C-terminal sites (By similarity).
messages: Transcriptional regulator which displays a remarkable functional diversity in the regulation of cellular responses (PubMed:11244049, PubMed:11846971, PubMed:11846974, PubMed:16932750, PubMed:20049431, PubMed:25774715). Regulates transcription of IFN and IFN-inducible genes, host response to viral and bacterial infections, regulation of many genes expressed during hematopoiesis, inflammation, immune responses and cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of the cell cycle and induction of growth arrest and programmed cell death following DNA damage (PubMed:11244049, PubMed:11846971, PubMed:11846974, PubMed:16932750, PubMed:20049431). Stimulates both innate and acquired immune responses through the activation of specific target genes and can act as a transcriptional activator and repressor regulating target genes by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters (PubMed:11244049, PubMed:11846971, PubMed:11846974, PubMed:16932750, PubMed:20049431). Binds to a consensus sequence in gene promoters (By similarity). Its target genes for transcriptional activation activity are: genes involved in anti-viral response, such as IFN-alpha/beta, RIGI, TNFSF10/TRAIL, ZBP1, OAS1/2, PIAS1/GBP, EIF2AK2/PKR and RSAD2/viperin; antibacterial response, such as GBP2, GBP5, IRGB10 and NOS2/INOS; anti-proliferative response, such as p53/TP53, LOX and CDKN1A; apoptosis, such as BBC3/PUMA, CASP1, CASP7 and CASP8; immune response, such as IL7, IL12A/B and IL15, PTGS2/COX2 and CYBB; DNA damage responses and DNA repair, such as POLQ/POLH; MHC class I expression, such as TAP1, PSMB9/LMP2, PSME1/PA28A, PSME2/PA28B and B2M and MHC class II expression, such as CIITA; metabolic enzymes, such as ACOD1/IRG1 (PubMed:12387893, PubMed:17018642, PubMed:18955028, PubMed:21909274, PubMed:20308629, PubMed:25774715, PubMed:27693356, PubMed:29321274, PubMed:30635240). Represses genes involved in anti-proliferative response, such as BIRC5/survivin, CCNB1, CCNE1, CDK1, CDK…
messages: Ubiquitinated. Appears to compete with sumoylation on C-terminal sites (By similarity).

10090:Celf6
gene id: 10090:Celf6
uniprot id: Q7TN33
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CELF/BRUNOL family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of TNNT2 in a muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner. Promotes also exon exclusion of INSR pre-mRNA (By similarity).

10090:Lmo4
gene id: 10090:Lmo4
uniprot id: P61969
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in a wide variety of tissues.
messages: Expressed in the developing spinal cord in the ventricular zone and down-regulated in the lateral zone at 11.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:18539116). Highly expressed in motor neurons that emerge from the ventricular zone at 11.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:18539116). At 12.5 dpc, highly expressed in motor neurons in medial median motor column (MMCm), which innervate dorsal axial muscles (PubMed:18539116).
messages: Interacts strongly with LDBS (PubMed:9860983, PubMed:12727888, PubMed:15343268, PubMed:17001033, PubMed:18539116). Interacts with LDB2 and LDB1 (PubMed:9860983, PubMed:12727888, PubMed:15343268, PubMed:17001033, PubMed:18539116, PubMed:23353824). Interaction with complexes consisting of at least LDB1 and LHX3 acts to disassemble the complex; may preferentially disassemble LDB1-LHX3 complexes rather than complexes consisting of LDB1, LHX3 and ISL1 (PubMed:18539116). Interacts (via the LIM zinc-binding domain 1) with RBBP8 (PubMed:11751867, PubMed:23353824). Interacts with both RPPB8 and LDB1 through the same face and cannot bind to both proteins simultaneously (PubMed:23353824). Interacts with BRCA1 (via the BRCT domains); the interaction represses BRCA1 transcriptional activity (PubMed:11751867). Interacts with DEAF1; LMO4 blocks export from nucleus (PubMed:22723967).
messages: Overall patterning of ventral spinal cord neurons is normal at 12.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc, but there are additional ectopic V2 interneurons (V2-INs) at all axial levels of the spinal cord; phenotype exacerbated in an MNX1 mutant background (PubMed:18539116). In an MNX1 mutant background, genes typically expressed in V2-INs expressed ectopically in motor neurons (MNs) (PubMed:18539116). Abnormal guidance of motor axons in an MNX1 mutant background (PubMed:18539116).
messages: Transcription cofactor (PubMed:18539116). Plays a role in establishing motor neuron identity, in concert with MNX1, acting, at least in part, to disrupt LDB1-LHX3 complexes thereby negatively modulating interneuron genes in motor neurons (PubMed:18539116).

10090:Gdf6
gene id: 10090:Gdf6
uniprot id: A2AII0
uniprot id: P43028
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Expressed in different subsets of developing joints. Highly expressed in the cochlea (PubMed:32369452).
messages: Growth factor that controls proliferation and cellular differentiation in the retina and bone formation. Plays a key role in regulating apoptosis during retinal development. Establishes dorsal-ventral positional information in the retina and controls the formation of the retinotectal map (PubMed:23307924). Required for normal formation of bones and joints in the limbs, skull, digits and axial skeleton. Plays a key role in establishing boundaries between skeletal elements during development. Regulation of GDF6 expression seems to be a mechanism for evolving species-specific changes in skeletal structures (PubMed:26774823). Seems to positively regulate differentiation of chondrogenic tissue through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR1B, BMPR2 and ACVR2A, leading to the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex. The regulation of chondrogenic differentiation is inhibited by NOG (PubMed:12606286, PubMed:16049014). Also involved in the induction of adipogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells. This mechanism acts through the growth factor receptors subunits BMPR1A, BMPR2 and ACVR2A and the activation of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex and MAPK14/p38 (PubMed:23527555).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Mice lacking GDF6 display photoreceptor degeneration. Animals exhibit abnormal electroretinograms with up to 66% decreases in the bipolar cell-driven b-wave and 54% decreases in the photoreceptor-mediated a-wave amplitudes, as well as 3 to 27% reduced photopic flicker fusion. The lengths, but not the widths, of dermal flat bones in the skull and the digits are significantly shorter than in wild type (PubMed:26774823). GDF6-knockout mice also shows cochlear aplasia, while the vestibular anatomy is normal (PubMed:32369452).
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly up-regulated in tibialis anterior muscles after denervation.

10090:Chrna7
gene id: 10090:Chrna7
uniprot id: P49582
uniprot id: Q53YJ9
uniprot id: Q8CC01
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. The channel is blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Alpha-7/CHRNA7 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Glycosylations at Asn-46, Asn-90 and Asn-133 are essential for TMEM35A/NACHO-mediated proper subunit assembly and trafficking to the cell membrane.
messages: Homopentamer (PubMed:32783947). Interacts with RIC3; which is required for proper folding and assembly. Interacts with LYPD6. Interacts with the alpha-conotoxin RgIA (By similarity). Interacts with alpha-conotoxins ImI and ImII (By similarity). Interacts with CANX (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Sele
gene id: 10090:Sele
uniprot id: Q00690
uniprot id: Q3U5F6
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the selectin/LECAM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell-surface glycoprotein having a role in immunoadhesion. Mediates in the adhesion of blood neutrophils in cytokine-activated endothelium through interaction with SELPLG/PSGL1 (PubMed:1375914). May have a role in capillary morphogenesis.
messages: Interacts with SELPLG/PSGL1 and PODXL2 through the sialyl Lewis X epitope. SELPLG sulfation appears not to be required for this interaction.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem171
gene id: 10090:Tmem171
uniprot id: Q4KL18
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tert
gene id: 10090:Tert
uniprot id: O70372
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the reverse transcriptase family. Telomerase subfamily.
messages: Catalytic component of the telomerase holoenzyme complex composed of one molecule of TERT, one molecule of WRAP53/TCAB1, two molecules of H/ACA ribonucleoprotein complex subunits DKC1, NOP10, NHP2 and GAR1, and a telomerase RNA template component (TERC). The telomerase holoenzyme complex is associated with TEP1, SMG6/EST1A and POT1. The molecular chaperone HSP90/P23 complex is required for correct assembly and stabilization of the active telomerase. Interacts directly with HSP90A and PTGES3. Interacts with HSPA1A; the interaction occurs in the absence of TERC and dissociates once the complex has formed. Interacts with RAN; the interaction promotes nuclear export of TERT. Interacts with XPO1. Interacts with PTPN11; the interaction retains TERT in the nucleus. Interacts with NCL (via RRM1 and C-terminal RRM4/Arg/Gly-rich domains); the interaction is important for nucleolar localization of TERT (By similarity). Interacts with SMARCA4 (via the bromodomain); the interaction regulates Wnt-mediated signaling (PubMed:19571879). Interacts with MCRS1 (isoform MCRS2); the interaction inhibits in vitro telomerase activity (By similarity). Interacts with PIF1; the interaction has no effect on the elongation activity of TERT (PubMed:17130244). Interacts with PML; the interaction recruits TERT to PML bodies and inhibits telomerase activity (By similarity). Interacts with GNL3L (PubMed:19487455). Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 2 of NVL (By similarity). Interacts with DHX36 (By similarity). Interacts with ATF7 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: High activity in intestine, liver and testis, moderate in lung, very low in muscle, heart and brain.
messages: Highest levels in midgestational stages, 9.5 dpc to 15.5 dpc.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-697 under oxidative stress leads to translocation of TERT to the cytoplasm and reduces its antiapoptotic activity. Dephosphorylated by SHP2/PTPN11 leading to nuclear retention. Phosphorylation by the AKT pathway promotes nuclear location. Phosphorylation at the G2/M phase at Ser-447 by DYRK2 promotes ubiquitination by the EDVP complex and degradation (By similarity).
messages: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme essential for the replication of chromosome termini in most eukaryotes. Active in progenitor and cancer cells. Inactive, or very low activity, in normal somatic cells. Catalytic component of the teleromerase holoenzyme complex whose main activity is the elongation of telomeres by acting as a reverse transcriptase that adds simple sequence repeats to chromosome ends by copying a template sequence within the RNA component of the enzyme. Catalyzes the RNA-dependent extension of 3'-chromosomal termini with the 6-nucleotide telomeric repeat unit, 5'-TTAGGG-3'. The catalytic cycle involves primer binding, primer extension and release of product once the template boundary has been reached or nascent product translocation followed by further extension. More active on substrates containing 2 or 3 telomeric repeats. Telomerase activity is regulated by a number of factors including telomerase complex-associated proteins, chaperones and polypeptide modifiers. Modulates Wnt signaling. Plays important roles in aging and antiapoptosis (By similarity).
messages: The RNA-interacting domain 1 (RD1)/N-terminal extension (NTE) is required for interaction with the pseudoknot-template domain of each of TERC dimers. It contains anchor sites that bind primer nucleotides upstream of the RNA-DNA hybrid and is thus an essential determinant of repeat addition processivity (By similarity).
messages: The RNA-interacting domain 2 (RD2) is essential for both interaction with the CR4-CR5 domain of TERC and for DNA synthesis.
messages: The primer grip sequence in the RT domain is required for telomerase activity and for stable association with short telomeric primers.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the EDVP complex, a E3 ligase complex following phosphorylation at Ser-447 by DYRK2. Ubiquitinated leads to proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Was originally thought to originate from rat.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: telomere

10090:Rhox3e
gene id: 10090:Rhox3e
uniprot id: Q4TU90
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tedc2
gene id: 10090:Tedc2
uniprot id: Q6GQV0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a positive regulator of ciliary hedgehog signaling. Required for centriole stability.
messages: Interacts with TEDC1 (PubMed:29459677). Found in a complex with TEDC1, TEDC2, TUBE1 and TUBD1 (PubMed:29459677).
messages: centriole
messages: cilium

10090:Lingo1
gene id: 10090:Lingo1
uniprot id: Q9D1T0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed broadly at high levels in the whole embryo and becomes progressively restricted to the central nervous system by 14.5 dpc. Extensively expressed across the central nervous system through late embryogenesis and during postnatal development, with a peak of expression around the first week after birth.
messages: Functional component of the Nogo receptor signaling complex (RTN4R/NGFR) in RhoA activation responsible for some inhibition of axonal regeneration by myelin-associated factors. Is also an important negative regulator of oligodentrocyte differentiation and axonal myelination (By similarity). Acts in conjunction with RTN4 and RTN4R in regulating neuronal precursor cell motility during cortical development.
messages: Highly specific expression in the central nervous system. Predominant expression in neocortex, amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus and entorhinal cortex, with lower levels in cerebellum and basal nuclei.
messages: Homotetramer. Forms a ternary complex with RTN4R/NGFR and RTN4R/TNFRSF19 (By similarity). Interacts with NGRF and MYT1L (PubMed:18186492). Interacts with RTN4R (PubMed:18186492, PubMed:22923615).
messages: In mice lacking Lingo1 and MPTP-intoxicated, a model for Parkinson disease, the dopaminergic neurons survival is increased and behavioral abnormalities reduced.
messages: N-glycosylated. Contains predominantly high-mannose glycans (By similarity).
messages: The intracellular domain of LINGO1 interacts with MYT1L.
messages: Up-regulated in brain from MPTP-intoxicated mice, a model for Parkinson disease.

10090:Gltpd2
gene id: 10090:Gltpd2
uniprot id: Q8K0R6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the GLTP family.

10090:Olr1
gene id: 10090:Olr1
uniprot id: Q9EQ09
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. May form a hexamer composed of 3 homodimers. Interacts with HSP70 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Receptor that mediates the recognition, internalization and degradation of oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by vascular endothelial cells. OxLDL is a marker of atherosclerosis that induces vascular endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, resulting in pro-inflammatory responses, pro-oxidative conditions and apoptosis. Its association with oxLDL induces the activation of NF-kappa-B through an increased production of intracellular reactive oxygen and a variety of pro-atherogenic cellular responses including a reduction of nitric oxide (NO) release, monocyte adhesion and apoptosis. In addition to binding oxLDL, it acts as a receptor for the HSP70 protein involved in antigen cross-presentation to naive T-cells in dendritic cells, thereby participating in cell-mediated antigen cross-presentation. Also involved in inflammatory process, by acting as a leukocyte-adhesion molecule at the vascular interface in endotoxin-induced inflammation. Also acts as a receptor for advanced glycation end (AGE) products, activated platelets, monocytes, apoptotic cells and both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The C-type lectin domain mediates the recognition and binding of oxLDL.
messages: The Neck region contains 3 internal repeats that are only found in rodents.
messages: The cytoplasmic region is required for subcellular sorting on the cell surface.

10090:Ciao2a
gene id: 10090:Ciao2a
uniprot id: Q9DCL2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MIP18 family.
messages: Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins (PubMed:23891004). As a CIA complex component and in collaboration with CIAO1 specifically matures ACO1 and stabilizes IREB2 (PubMed:23891004). May play a role in chromosome segregation through establishment of sister chromatid cohesion. May induce apoptosis in collaboration with APAF1 (PubMed:25716227).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in interstitial cell lineages.
messages: Monomer and homodimer (By similarity). Component of the CIA complex (PubMed:23891004). Interacts with CIAO1 (PubMed:23891004). Interacts with IREB2 (PubMed:23891004). Interacts with APAF1 (By similarity).

10090:Sema4f
gene id: 10090:Sema4f
uniprot id: Q9Z123
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During 14 dpc expression is abundant in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, brain stem and the mitral and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, expression in the olfactory bulb remains evident into adulthood (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). Expressed in proliferative layers and oligodendroglial precursor cells (OPCs) during embryonic development (14-16 dpc), in regions such as the ganglionic eminence, mamillothalamic tract, neuroepithelium, and cortical plate (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). Expressed in migrating OPCs along the optic nerve at 16.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). During late embryonic development (18 dpc) expression is abundant in pyramidal and granular cells of the hippocampus, and OPCs in the migratory pathway and embryonic fimbria of the hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). At postnatal day 1 (P1) expression is abundant in the corpus callosum, anterior commissure, and several nerve nuclei in the hindbrain, such as the oculomotor nucleus, the periaqueductal gray area, the facial nucleus, the colliculli, and the raphe and pararubral nuclei, as well as in the proliferative layers of the anterior subventricular zone, with expression remaining evident into adulthood (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). A significant abundance of protein is apparent in the arcuate and posterior hypothalamic nuclei at P10, and additionally in hypothalamic OPCs, expression becomes evident in the arcuate nucleus at P15 (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). Abundant expression throughout the embryonic brain from 14 dpc onwards with decreased expression in all areas of the brain in adulthood, however expression remains relatively abundant (PubMed:21945643).
messages: Expressed throughout the adult brain, where it shows particularly strong expression in the hippocampus, corpus callosum, granular layer and deep nuclei of the cerebellum, and the mitral layer of the olfactory bulb (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643). At the cellular level, detected in neuronal precursors, postmitotic neurons, pyramidal neurons, and glial cells including mature oligodendocytes and oligodendroglial precursor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21945643).
messages: Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with DLG4/SAP90 (via PDZ domain 2); this interaction may promote translocation of DLG4/SAP90 to the membrane.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Probable cell surface receptor that regulates oligodendroglial precursor cell migration (PubMed:21945643). Might also regulate differentiation of oligodendroglial precursor cells (By similarity). Has growth cone collapse activity against retinal ganglion-cell axons (By similarity).
messages: dendrite

10090:Ccdc14
gene id: 10090:Ccdc14
uniprot id: Q8K2J4
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Contaminating sequence.
messages: Interacts with CEP63.
messages: Negatively regulates centriole duplication. Negatively regulates CEP63 and CDK2 centrosomal localization.
messages: centriolar satellite

10090:Accsl
gene id: 10090:Accsl
uniprot id: Q3UX83
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: While belonging to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family, it lacks a number of residues which are necessary for activity thus suggesting that it lacks enzymatic activity.

10090:Mptx1
gene id: 10090:Mptx1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J077
uniprot id: Q8R1M8
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pentraxin family.
messages: Binds 2 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Expressed in colon.
messages: Homopentamer. Pentaxin (or pentraxin) have a discoid arrangement of 5 non-covalently bound subunits.
messages: Homopentamer. Pentraxin (or pentaxin) have a discoid arrangement of 5 non-covalently bound subunits (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Rbbp6
gene id: 10090:Rbbp6
uniprot id: P97868
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Contains a N-terminus DWNN domain, a zinc-finger domain and a C4C4 zinc-binding RING finger domain (By similarity). The ring finger may indeed be a U-box domain (By similarity).
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which promotes ubiquitination of YBX1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). May play a role as a scaffold protein to promote the assembly of the p53/TP53-MDM2 complex, resulting in increase of MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53/TP53; may function as negative regulator of p53/TP53, leading to both apoptosis and cell growth retardation (PubMed:17470788). Regulates DNA-replication and common fragile sites (CFS) stability in a ZBTB38- and MCM10-dependent manner. Controls ZBTB38 protein stability and abundance via ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, and ZBTB38 in turn negatively regulates the expression of MCM10 which plays an important role in DNA-replication (PubMed:24726359).
messages: Early embryonic lethality before 7.5 dpc, accompanied by accumulation of p53 and widespread apoptosis.
messages: Expression is reduced during terminal differentiation. Expression is induced in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle (at protein level).
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Expressed at lower levels in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, spleen, thymus and tongue.
messages: Interacts with MDM2 and YBX1 (By similarity). Interacts also with p53/TP53 and RB1. Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Interacts with ZBTB38 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by NEK6.
messages: centrosome
messages: nucleolus

10090:Nectin1
gene id: 10090:Nectin1
uniprot id: Q9JKF6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nectin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cis- and trans-homodimer. Can form trans-heterodimers with NECTIN3. Interaction between NECTIN1 and NECTIN3 on the pre- and postsynaptic sites, respectively, initiates the formation of puncta adherentia junctions between axons and dendrites. Interacts (via Ig-like C2-type domain 2) with FGFR1, FGFR2 and FGFR3. Interacts (via Cytoplasmic domain) with AFDN, providing a connection with the actin cytoskeleton. Interacts with HSV glycoprotein D (gD).
messages: Ig-like C2-type 2 mediates neurite outgrowth through binding, induction of phosphorylation, and activation of FGFR.
messages: Involved in cell adhesion and synaptogegesis. Has some neurite outgrowth-promoting activity. Receptor for alphaherpesvirus (HSV-1, HSV-2 and pseudorabies virus) entry into cells.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane

10090:Rbx1
gene id: 10090:Rbx1
uniprot id: P62878
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RING-box family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase component of multiple cullin-RING-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (CRLs) complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins, including proteins involved in cell cycle progression, signal transduction, transcription and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (PubMed:22118460, PubMed:33590678). CRLs complexes and ARIH1 collaborate in tandem to mediate ubiquitination of target proteins, ARIH1 mediating addition of the first ubiquitin on CRLs targets (By similarity). The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes depends on the variable substrate recognition components (By similarity). As a component of the CSA complex promotes the ubiquitination of ERCC6 resulting in proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Through the RING-type zinc finger, seems to recruit the E2 ubiquitination enzyme, like CDC34, to the complex and brings it into close proximity to the substrate (By similarity). Probably also stimulates CDC34 autoubiquitination (By similarity). May be required for histone H3 and histone H4 ubiquitination in response to ultraviolet and for subsequent DNA repair (By similarity). Promotes the neddylation of CUL1, CUL2, CUL4 and CUL4 via its interaction with UBE2M (By similarity). Involved in the ubiquitination of KEAP1, ENC1 and KLHL41 (By similarity). In concert with ATF2 and CUL3, promotes degradation of KAT5 thereby attenuating its ability to acetylate and activate ATM (By similarity). As part of a multisubunit complex composed of elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), elongin A/ELOA, RBX1 and CUL5; polyubiquitinates monoubiquitinated POLR2A (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at high levels in zygotes and at lower levels in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes and MII-stage oocytes. Expression strongly decreases from 2-cell stage to blastula.
messages: Interacts with COPS6. Component of the DCX DET1-COP1 ubiquitin ligase complex at least composed of RBX1, DET1, DDB1, CUL4A and COP1. Part of an E3 ligase complex composed of RBX1, DDB1, DDB2 and CUL4A or CUL4B (PubMed:22118460). Interacts with CAND1 (PubMed:22118460). Interacts with UBE2M (By similarity). Part of a SCF complex consisting of CUL1, RBX1, SKP1 and SKP2. Part of a SCF-like complex consisting of CUL7, RBX1, SKP1 and FBXW8. Part of CBC(VHL) complexes with elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), CUL2 or CUL5 and VHL. Part of the CSA complex (DCX(ERCC8) complex), a DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing ERCC8, RBX1, DDB1 and CUL4A; the CSA complex interacts with RNA polymerase II; upon UV irradiation it interacts with the COP9 signalosome and preferentially with the hyperphosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Part of multisubunit E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes with elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), CUL2 and MED8; elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), CUL5 and MUF1. Part of multisubunit complexes with elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), SOCS1 or WSB1 and CUL5. Part of a multisubunit ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of elongin BC complex (ELOB and ELOC), elongin A/ELOA, RBX1 and CUL5 (By similarity). Interacts directly with CUL1 and probably also with CUL2, CUL3, CUL4A, CUL4B, CUL5 and CUL7. Interacts with CDC34. Interacts with GLMN. GLMN competes for the binding site of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme CDC34 and disrupts CDC34 binding. Part of a SCF complex consisting of CUL1, RBX1, SKP1 and FBXO2. Part of a SCF complex consisting of CUL1, FBXO3, RBX1 and SKP1; this complex interacts with PML via FBXO3. Component of the SCF(Cyclin F) complex consisting of CUL1, RBX1, SKP1 and CCNF. Identified in a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex together with HINT1 and CDC34 (By similarity). Component of multiple BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes formed of CUL3, RBX1 and a variable BTB domain-c…
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is essential for ubiquitin ligase activity (By similarity). It coordinates an additional third zinc ion (PubMed:22118460).
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:10643962). Expressed in oocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:24357321).

10090:Rpl13
gene id: 10090:Rpl13
uniprot id: P47963
uniprot id: Q5RKP3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL13 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Vmn1r89
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r89
uniprot id: Q8R256
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Glcci1
gene id: 10090:Glcci1
uniprot id: Q8K3I9
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Predominantly expressed in thymus and testis, especially in CD4+CD8+ cells and at specific stages of spermatogenesis.

10090:Nacc2
gene id: 10090:Nacc2
uniprot id: Q9DCM7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Functions as a transcriptional repressor through its association with the NuRD complex. Recruits the NuRD complex to the promoter of MDM2, leading to the repression of MDM2 transcription and subsequent stability of p53/TP53 (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomer; mediated by the BTB domain. Interacts with the NuRD complex. Interacts (via C-terminal part) with HDAC2. Interacts (via BTB domain) with MTA1, MTA2 and MTA3.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Urod
gene id: 10090:Urod
uniprot id: P70697
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the sequential decarboxylation of the four acetate side chains of uroporphyrinogen to form coproporphyrinogen and participates in the fifth step in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Isomer I or isomer III of uroporphyrinogen may serve as substrate, but only coproporphyrinogen III can ultimately be converted to heme (By similarity). In vitro also decarboxylates pentacarboxylate porphyrinogen I (PubMed:8661721).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Tspyl5
gene id: 10090:Tspyl5
uniprot id: Q69ZB3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
messages: Interacts with USP7.
messages: Involved in modulation of cell growth and cellular response to gamma radiation probably via regulation of the Akt signaling pathway. Involved in regulation of p53/TP53. Suppresses p53/TP53 protein levels and promotes its ubiquitination; the function is dependent on USP7 and independent on MDM2. Proposed to displace p53/TP53 from interaction with USP7 (By similarity).

10090:Atp5j2
gene id: 10090:Atp5j2
uniprot id: P56135
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATPase F chain family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(0) seems to have nine subunits: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8 (or A6L). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain. Minor subunit located with subunit a in the membrane.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Hmga1b
gene id: 10090:Hmga1b
uniprot id: P17095
uniprot id: Q3TVP0
uniprot id: Q566K0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HMGA family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: HMG-I/Y bind preferentially to the minor groove of A+T rich regions in double-stranded DNA. It is suggested that these proteins could function in nucleosome phasing and in the 3'-end processing of mRNA transcripts. They are also involved in the transcription regulation of genes containing, or in close proximity to A+T-rich regions.
messages: Interacts with HIPK2.
messages: Isoforms HMG-I and HMG-Y can be phosphorylated by HIPK2. Phosphorylation may modulate DNA-binding affinity (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Arg-58 is mutually exclusive with methylation at Arg-60.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tspan12
gene id: 10090:Tspan12
uniprot id: Q8BKT6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the neonatal retinal vasculature but not other retinal tissues. Also detected in the neonatal meningeal vasculature and in nonvascular cell types, such as the smooth muscle cells in the neonatal intestine.
messages: Interacts (when palmitoylated) with ADAM10. Interacts with MMP14/MT1-MMP (By similarity). Component of a complex, at least composed of TSPAN12, FZD4 and norrin (NDP).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but display defects in retinal vascularization. In retinas between P5 and P12, the centrifugal outgrowth of the nerve fiber layer (NFL) vasculature is moderately delayed in retinas. At P11, vertical sprouts and plexiform layer (OPL) capillaries appear in wild-type mice, whereas both are completely absent in mutant mice. In adult mutant mice, the plexiform layer (OPL) remains avascular, confirming that the defect is not transient. The thickness of the outer nuclear layer in retinas is consistently reduced in adult mutant but not neonatal mice, indicating that neural cells are secondarily affected by the vascular defects.
messages: Palmitoylated; required for interaction with ADAM10.
messages: Regulator of cell surface receptor signal transduction. Acts as a regulator of membrane proteinases such as ADAM10 and MMP14/MT1-MMP. Activates ADAM10-dependent cleavage activity of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Activates MMP14/MT1-MMP-dependent cleavage activity (By similarity). Plays a central role in retinal vascularization by regulating norrin (NDP) signal transduction. Acts in concert with norrin (NDP) to promote FZD4 multimerization and subsequent activation of FZD4, leading to promote accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and stimulate LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. Suprisingly, it only activate the norrin (NDP)-dependent activation of FZD4, while it does not activate the Wnt-dependent activation of FZD4, suggesting the existence of a Wnt-independent signaling that also promote accumulation the beta-catenin (CTNNB1).

10090:Eif4e3
gene id: 10090:Eif4e3
uniprot id: Q9DBB5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
messages: Only expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, lung and spleen.
messages: Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis. May act as an inhibitor of EIF4E1 activity.
messages: eIF4F is a multi-subunit complex, the composition of which varies with external and internal environmental conditions. It is composed of at least eIF4A, eIF4E and eIF4G (By similarity). EIF4E3 interacts with EIF4G1, but not with EIF4EBP1, EIF4EBP2 and EIF4EBP3.

10090:Clic3
gene id: 10090:Clic3
uniprot id: Q9D7P7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associated with the C-terminal of MAPK15.
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel CLIC family.
messages: Can insert into membranes and form chloride ion channels. May participate in cellular growth control (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Members of this family may change from a globular, soluble state to a state where the N-terminal domain is inserted into the membrane and functions as chloride channel. A conformation change of the N-terminal domain is thought to expose hydrophobic surfaces that trigger membrane insertion (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mrgprb3
gene id: 10090:Mrgprb3
uniprot id: Q91ZC1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. Probably involved in the function of nociceptive neurons. May regulate nociceptor function and/or development, including the sensation or modulation of pain (By similarity).

10090:Arfgef2
gene id: 10090:Arfgef2
uniprot id: A2A5R2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ARFGEF1/BIG1; both proteins are probably part of the same or very similar macromolecular complexes. Interacts with PRKAR1A, PRKAR2A, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, PPP1CC, PDE3A, TNFRSF1A, MYCBP and EXOC7. Interacts with GABRB1, GABRB2 and GABRB3 (By similarity).
messages: In vitro phosphorylated by PKA reducing its GEF activity and dephosphorylated by phosphatase PP1.
messages: Inhibited by brefeldin A.
messages: Membrane
messages: Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and ARF3 and to a lower extent on ARF5 and ARF6. Promotes the activation of ARF1/ARF5/ARF6 through replacement of GDP with GTP. Involved in the regulation of Golgi vesicular transport. Required for the integrity of the endosomal compartment. Involved in trafficking from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to endosomes and is required for membrane association of the AP-1 complex and GGA1. Seems to be involved in recycling of the transferrin receptor from recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane. Probably is involved in the exit of GABA(A) receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum. Involved in constitutive release of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 via exosome-like vesicles; the function seems to involve PKA and specifically PRKAR2B. Proposed to act as A kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) and may mediate crosstalk between Arf and PKA pathways (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Rbks
gene id: 10090:Rbks
uniprot id: Q8R1Q9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by a monovalent cation that binds near, but not in, the active site. The most likely occupant of the site in vivo is potassium. Ion binding induces a conformational change that may alter substrate affinity. Competitively inhibited by phosphonoacetic acid, etidronate, 2-carboxethylphosphonic acid, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine, N-(phosphonomethyl)iminodiacetic acid and clodronate (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family. Ribokinase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of ribose at O-5 in a reaction requiring ATP and magnesium. The resulting D-ribose-5-phosphate can then be used either for sythesis of nucleotides, histidine, and tryptophan, or as a component of the pentose phosphate pathway.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Requires a divalent cation, most likely magnesium in vivo, as an electrophilic catalyst to aid phosphoryl group transfer. It is the chelate of the metal and the nucleotide that is the actual substrate.

10090:Arid5a
gene id: 10090:Arid5a
uniprot id: D3Z0W0
uniprot id: Q3U108
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: DNA-binding protein that may regulate transcription and act as a repressor by binding to AT-rich stretches in the promoter region of target genes (By similarity). May positively regulate chondrocyte-specific transcription such as of COL2A1 in collaboration with SOX9 and positively regulate histone H3 acetylation at chondrocyte-specific genes. May stimulate early-stage chondrocyte differentiation and inhibit later stage differention (PubMed:21346191). Can repress ESR1-mediated transcriptional activation; proposed to act as corepressor for selective nuclear hormone receptors (By similarity). As RNA-binding protein involved in the regulation of inflammatory response by stabilizing selective inflammation-related mRNAs, such as IL6, STAT3 and TBX21. Binds to stem loop structures located in the 3'UTRs of IL6, STAT3 and TBX21 mRNAs; at least for STAT3 prevents binding of ZC3H12A to the mRNA stem loop structure thus inhibiting its degradation activity. Contributes to elevated IL6 levels possibly implicated in autoimmunity processes. IL6-dependent stabilization of STAT3 mRNA may promote differentiation of naive CD4+ T-cells into T-helper Th17 cells (PubMed:23676272, PubMed:27022145). In CD4+ T-cells may also inhibit RORC-induced Th17 cell differentiation independently of IL6 signaling (PubMed:24782182). Stabilization of TBX21 mRNA contributes to elevated interferon-gamma secretion in Th1 cells possibly implicated in the establishment of septic shock (PubMed:27671645). Stabilizes TNFRSF4/OX40 mRNA by binding to the conserved stem loop structure in its 3'UTR; thereby competing with the mRNA-destabilizing functions of RC3H1 and endoribonuclease ZC3H12A (PubMed:29244194).
messages: Expressed in T cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29244194). Expressed at high levels in cartilage, heart, testis and bone (PubMed:21346191).
messages: In macrophages by LPS, IL1B and IL6 (PubMed:21346191). By IL6/STAT3 signaling in T-helper Th17 cells (PubMed:24782182, PubMed:29244194).
messages: Interacts with SOX9 (PubMed:21346191). Interacts with ESR1 (By similarity). Interacts with RORC (PubMed:24782182).
messages: Mice are resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a T-cell-mediated autoimmune model (PubMed:29244194). The expression of pro-inflammatory mediators is severely reduced in EAE (PubMed:29244194).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK14 on serine residues involving a TLR4 signaling pathway upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation leading to its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.
messages: Ubiquitinated leading to proteasomal degradation; involving WWP1 linked to MAPK14-mediated phosphorylation upon LPS stimulation.

10090:Or5ac23
gene id: 10090:Or5ac23
uniprot id: Q7TS37
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mcm3ap
gene id: 10090:Mcm3ap
uniprot id: Q9WUU9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a component of the TREX-2 complex, involved in the export of mRNAs to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores (By similarity). Through the acetylation of histones, affects the assembly of nucleosomes at immunoglobulin variable region genes and promotes the recruitment and positioning of transcription complex to favor DNA cytosine deaminase AICDA/AID targeting, hence promoting somatic hypermutations (PubMed:23652018).
messages: Belongs to the SAC3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC)-associated TREX-2 complex (transcription and export complex 2), composed of at least GANP, 2 copies of ENY2, PCID2, SEM1/DSS1, and either centrin CETN2 or centrin CETN3. The TREX-2 complex also associates with ALYREF/ALY (By similarity). Interacts with RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A and with the transcription elongation factor SUPT5H/SPT5 (By similarity). Interacts (via FG-repeats) with NXF1; this interaction is not mediated by RNA (By similarity). Interacts with nuclear envelope proteins NUP62, NUP153 and RANBP2/NUP358; interaction with NUP153 is required for full localization at the nuclear pore complex (By similarity). Interacts with several RNA helicases, including DHX9, DDX21, and DDX39A/DDX39, and with DNA topoisomerase TOP2A (By similarity). Directly interacts with AICDA/AID (PubMed:20507984). Interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 (By similarity). Interacts with MCM3 (PubMed:10733502).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal at 11.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed at low levels in lymphoid organs, including thymus, spleen and lymph nodes (PubMed:10733502). Up-regulated in stimulated B-cells in spleen and Peyer's patch germinal centers (at protein level) (PubMed:11526238).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-502 is induced in B-cells by CD40-stimulation, but not by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Up-regulated in B-cells by CD40 stimulation and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (at protein level).
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Hand2
gene id: 10090:Hand2
uniprot id: Q61039
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms homodimers and heterodimers with TCF3 gene products E12 and E47, HAND1 and HEY1, HEY2 and HEYL (hairy-related transcription factors).
messages: Essential for cardiac morphogenesis, particularly for the formation of the right ventricle and of the aortic arch arteries. Required for vascular development and regulation of angiogenesis, possibly through a VEGF signaling pathway. Also plays an important role in limb development, particularly in the establishment of anterior-posterior polarization, acting as an upstream regulator of sonic hedgehog (SHH) induction in the limb bud. Is involved in the development of branchial arches, which give rise to unique structures in the head and neck. Binds DNA on E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'.
messages: Heart and aorta.
messages: High extraembryonic expression is detected at 7.5 dpc in the maternally derived deciduum. Also detected along the yolk sac vessels during the process of remodeling at 9.5-10.0 dpc. Within the embryo, detected at 7.5 dpc in the lateral mesoderm including the precardiac mesoderm. On day 8.5 pc expressed throughout the straight heart tube. In the caudal region of the embryo, expressed in the lateral mesoderm at the level of separation of the somatic and splanchnic mesoderm. On day 9.5 pc expressed throughout the developing cardiovascular region, most abundant in the outflow tract and in the first and second aortic arch arteries, and in pharyngeal arches. As the heart loops, the expression becomes restricted to the conotruncus and future right ventricle (endocardium and myocardium). At 10.5 dpc, highly expressed in the branchial arches, as well as in the truncus arteriosus, aortic sac, and the vascular mesenchyme between the third and fourth aortic arch arteries, which later gives rise to vascular smooth muscle cells and to the mesenchyme of the pharyngeal arch. At 13.5 dpc, barely detectable in the heart, but apparent in the neural crest-derived sympathetic trunk and adrenal medulla, a pattern similar to that of HAND1. In the developing limbs, expression is detected in the posterior mesoderm of the buds at 9.5 dpc. It is then progressively down-regulated at the anterior of the limb buds so that a gradient expression along the anterior-posterior axis of the bud is established with higher expression at the posterior border. At later stages of limb development, expression is restricted to the posterior border of the zeugopod and to the posterior autopod. In the autopod, dynamic expression of HAND2 affects the interdigital regions, the lateral borders of the digits and eventually the developing ventral tendons. After 16 dpc, expression decreases throughout the embryo.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or8k17
gene id: 10090:Or8k17
uniprot id: Q8VGS2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Birc7
gene id: 10090:Birc7
uniprot id: A2AWP0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptotic regulator capable of exerting proapoptotic and anti-apoptotic activities and plays crucial roles in apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle control. Its anti-apoptotic activity is mediated through the inhibition of CASP3, CASP7 and CASP9, as well as by its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. As it is a weak caspase inhibitor, its anti-apoptotic activity is thought to be due to its ability to ubiquitinate DIABLO/SMAC targeting it for degradation thereby promoting cell survival. May contribute to caspase inhibition, by blocking the ability of DIABLO/SMAC to disrupt XIAP/BIRC4-caspase interactions. Protects against apoptosis induced by TNF or by chemical agents such as adriamycin, etoposide or staurosporine. Suppression of apoptosis is mediated by activation of MAPK8/JNK1, and possibly also of MAPK9/JNK2. This activation depends on TAB1 and MAP3K7/TAK1. In vitro, inhibits CASP3 and proteolytic activation of pro-CASP9.
messages: Autoubiquitinated and undergoes proteasome-mediated degradation.
messages: Belongs to the IAP family.
messages: Binds to caspase-9. Interaction with DIABLO/SMAC via the BIR domain disrupts binding to caspase-9 and apoptotic suppressor activity. Interacts with TAB1. In vitro, interacts with caspase-3 and caspase-7 via its BIR domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING domain is essential for autoubiquitination.
messages: The truncated protein (tLivin) not only loses its anti-apoptotic effect but also acquires a pro-apoptotic effect.

10090:Entrep1
gene id: 10090:Entrep1
uniprot id: Q4FZH1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ENTREP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Functions as an activator of the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase ITCH in the ubiquitination of the CXCL12-activated CXCR4 receptor. Thereby, triggers CXCR4 endocytosis and desensitization, negatively regulating the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling pathway.
messages: Gene prediction based on EST data.
messages: Gene prediction based on similarity to the human ortholog.
messages: Interacts with ITCH; enhances the ubiquitination of CXCR4 by ITCH and the subsequent endocytosis and desensitization of the receptor. Interacts with EPN1.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The cytoplasmic PPxY motifs mediate interaction with the WW domains of ITCH.

10090:Ankrd13a
gene id: 10090:Ankrd13a
uniprot id: Q80UP5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via the UIM 3 and 4 repeats) with EGFR (ubiquitinated); the interaction is direct, inhibited by ANKRD13A monoubiquitination and may regulate EGFR internalization.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Monoubiquitinated, inhibits interaction with ubiquitinated EGFR.
messages: The UIM repeats 3 and 4 are required for binding to ubiquitinated EGFR and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin.
messages: Ubiquitin-binding protein that specifically recognizes and binds 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin. Does not bind 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin. Positively regulates the internalization of ligand-activated EGFR by binding to the Ub moiety of ubiquitinated EGFR at the cell membrane (By similarity).

10090:Gypc
gene id: 10090:Gypc
uniprot id: Q78HU7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycophorin-C family.
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Hyal2
gene id: 10090:Hyal2
uniprot id: O35632
uniprot id: Q3UZE4
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Hydrolyzes high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to produce an intermediate-sized product which is further hydrolyzed by sperm hyaluronidase to give small oligosaccharides. Displays very low levels of activity. Associates with and negatively regulates MST1R (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with MST1R.
messages: Was originally thought to be lysosomal.
messages: Widely expressed. In the brain, expressed during embryonic stages but expression decreases after birth and is barely detectable in adult brain.

10090:Dhx58
gene id: 10090:Dhx58
uniprot id: Q99J87
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a regulator of RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5 mediated antiviral signaling. Cannot initiate antiviral signaling as it lacks the CARD domain required for activating MAVS/IPS1-dependent signaling events. Can have both negative and positive regulatory functions related to RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5 signaling and this role in regulating signaling may be complex and could probably depend on characteristics of the infecting virus or target cells, or both. Its inhibitory action on RIG-I signaling may involve the following mechanisms: competition with RIGI for binding to the viral RNA, binding to RIGI and inhibiting its dimerization and interaction with MAVS/IPS1, competing with IKBKE in its binding to MAVS/IPS1 thereby inhibiting activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Its positive regulatory role may involve unwinding or stripping nucleoproteins of viral RNA thereby facilitating their recognition by RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5. Involved in the innate immune response to various RNA viruses and some DNA viruses such as poxviruses, and also to the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Can bind both ssRNA and dsRNA, with a higher affinity for dsRNA. Shows a preference to 5'-triphosphorylated RNA, although it can recognize RNA lacking a 5'-triphosphate.
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RLR subfamily.
messages: By interferon (IFN), virus infection, or intracellular dsRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality at a high frequency. Adult female that survive show an enlarged uterus filled with fluid resulting from vaginal atresia.
messages: Highly expressed in mammary tissues. Expressed in liver and testis. Expressed at lower level in spleen, embryo, mammary gland and breast tumors.
messages: Monomer in the absence of dsRNA. Homodimer in the presence of dsRNA. Interacts with RIGI (via CARD domain), MAVS/IPS1 and DDX60. Found in a complex with RIGI and IFIH1/MDA5. Interacts with ANKRD17. Directly interacts with ATG5 and ATG12, either as ATG5 and ATG12 monomers or as ATG12-ATG5 conjugates (By similarity).
messages: The RLR CTR domain is capable of inhibiting dimerization and signaling of RIGI and also facilitates binding of dsRNA.

10090:Golga7b
gene id: 10090:Golga7b
uniprot id: Q9D428
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ERF4 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC5. Palmitoylation is required for the maintenance of ZDHHC5 at the plasma membrane.
messages: Play a role in cell adhesion by regulating the plasma membrane localization of the palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5. May be involved in protein transport from Golgi to cell surface.

10090:Akr1c13
gene id: 10090:Akr1c13
uniprot id: Q571M4
uniprot id: Q8VC28
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.
messages: Catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 17-beta-hydroxysteroids. May also exhibit significant activity with a variety of cyclic and alicyclic alcohols. Uses both NAD and NADP, but the activity is much greater with NAD than with NADP (By similarity).

10090:Apobec1
gene id: 10090:Apobec1
uniprot id: P51908
uniprot id: Q3U9G8
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Zn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytidine deaminase catalyzing the cytidine to uridine postranscriptional editing of a variety of mRNAs. Form complexes with cofactors that confer differential editing activity and selectivity. Responsible for the postranscriptional editing of a CAA codon for Gln to a UAA codon for stop in the apolipoprotein B mRNA. Also involved in CGA (Arg) to UGA (Stop) editing in the NF1 mRNA (By similarity). May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by participating in DNA demethylation (PubMed:21496894).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the spleen. Expressed at lower level in the kidney, testis, lung, brain and liver.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with A1CF; form an mRNA editing complex. Interacts with RBM47; form an mRNA editing complex. Found in a complex with CELF2/CUGBP2 and A1CF. Interacts with HNRPAB. Interacts with SYNCRIP.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cfap74
gene id: 10090:Cfap74
uniprot id: Q3UY96
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: As part of the central apparatus of the cilium axoneme may play a role in cilium movement. May play an important role in sperm architecture and function.
messages: Belongs to the CFAP74 family.
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Scyl2
gene id: 10090:Scyl2
uniprot id: Q8CFE4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Component of the AP2-containing clathrin coat that may regulate clathrin-dependent trafficking at plasma membrane, TGN and endosomal system. A possible serine/threonine-protein kinase toward the beta2-subunit of the plasma membrane adapter complex AP2 and other proteins in presence of poly-L-lysine has not been confirmed (By similarity). By regulating the expression of excitatory receptors at synapses, plays an essential role in neuronal function and signaling and in brain development (PubMed:26203146).
messages: Could autophosphorylate in presence of poly-L-lysine.
messages: Disruption of the gene results in perinatal lethality due to impaired neuronal functions. Mutant animals that survive to adulthood show growth retardation and severe sensorimotor deficits. The neurologic deficits in these mice is associated with the degeneration of several neuronal populations, most notably CA3 pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus, resulting from excitotoxicity. This is associated with excessive expression and activation of calcium-permeable glutamate receptors at the synapse. A wide variety of clathrin-mediated functions and lysosomal pathways are however preserved in mutant mice.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with clathrin and AP2B1; the interaction mediates the association with the AP-2 complex.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Pdlim1
gene id: 10090:Pdlim1
uniprot id: O70400
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoskeletal protein that may act as an adapter that brings other proteins (like kinases) to the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Involved in assembly, disassembly and directioning of stress fibers in fibroblasts. Required for the localization of ACTN1 and PALLD to stress fibers. Required for cell migration and in maintaining cell polarity of fibroblasts (By similarity).
messages: Detected throughout the developing heart.
messages: Expressed in heart, lung, spleen, testis and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with ACTN1, ACTN2 and ACTN4 (By similarity). Interacts with PDLIM4 (By similarity).
messages: Z line
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Macf1
gene id: 10090:Macf1
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQA6
uniprot id: B1ARU4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Crppa
gene id: 10090:Crppa
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VK76
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VM96
uniprot id: Q5RJG7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IspD/TarI cytidylyltransferase family. IspD subfamily.
messages: Cytidylyltransferase required for protein O-linked mannosylation (By similarity). Catalyzes the formation of CDP-ribitol nucleotide sugar from D-ribitol 5-phosphate (By similarity). CDP-ribitol is a substrate of FKTN during the biosynthesis of the phosphorylated O-mannosyl trisaccharide (N-acetylgalactosamine-beta-3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-4-(phosphate-6-)mannose), a carbohydrate structure present in alpha-dystroglycan (DAG1), which is required for binding laminin G-like domain-containing extracellular proteins with high affinity (By similarity). Shows activity toward other pentose phosphate sugars and mediates formation of CDP-ribulose or CDP-ribose using CTP and ribulose-5-phosphate or ribose-5-phosphate, respectively (By similarity). Not involved in dolichol production (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: cytosol

10090:Bcl3
gene id: 10090:Bcl3
uniprot id: Q9Z2F6
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation.
messages: Component of a complex consisting of the NF-kappa-B p52-p52 homodimer and BCL3. Component of a complex consisting of the NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer and BCL3. Interacts with N4BP2, COPS5 and PIR (By similarity). Interacts with CYLD.
messages: Contributes to the regulation of transcriptional activation of NF-kappa-B target genes. In the cytoplasm, inhibits the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappa-B p50 subunit (By similarity). In the nucleus, acts as transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of NF-kappa-B target genes. Contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-9 is the initiator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Ubiquitination via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains is required for nuclear accumulation. Deubiquitinated by CYLD, which acts on 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Deubiquitination by CYLD prevents nuclear accumulation.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Vmn2r108
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r108
uniprot id: E9PYS0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Szrd1
gene id: 10090:Szrd1
uniprot id: Q6NXN1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SZRD1 family.

10090:Katnip
gene id: 10090:Katnip
uniprot id: Q8C753
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with microtubules. Interacts with 4 subunits of the katanin complex: KATNA1, KATNAL1, KATNB1 and KATNBL1.
messages: Knockout mice frequently display brain-specific defects, resulting in a noncommunicating (obstructive) hydrocephalus.
messages: May influence the stability of microtubules (MT), possibly through interaction with the MT-severing katanin complex.
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Uqcrc2
gene id: 10090:Uqcrc2
uniprot id: Q9DB77
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of Lys-159 and Lys-250 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. UQCRC2/QCR2 subfamily.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783, PubMed:30666338). Interacts with RAB5IF (PubMed:31536960). Interacts with STMP1 (PubMed:35101990).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c (By similarity). The 2 core subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2 are homologous to the 2 mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) subunits beta-MPP and alpha-MPP respectively, and they seem to have preserved their MPP processing properties. May be involved in the in situ processing of UQCRFS1 into the mature Rieske protein and its mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS)/subunit 9 when incorporated into complex III (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in neurons and astrocytes of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ess2
gene id: 10090:Ess2
uniprot id: O70279
uniprot id: Q3UFM6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ESS2 family.
messages: Highly expressed during embryogenesis from 7 dpc onwards.
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Interacts with FRA10AC1.
messages: In the adult, widely expressed with highest expression in the testis and brain. Also widely expressed in the embryo with highest levels in the anterior pons.
messages: May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dera
gene id: 10090:Dera
uniprot id: Q91YP3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. DeoC type 2 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes a reversible aldol reaction between acetaldehyde and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to generate 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate. Participates in stress granule (SG) assembly. May allow ATP production from extracellular deoxyinosine in conditions of energy deprivation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Interacts with YBX1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mrps27
gene id: 10090:Mrps27
uniprot id: Q8BK72
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS27 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins (By similarity). Interacts with NOA1 (By similarity). Interacts with MIEF1 upstream open reading frame protein (By similarity). Interacts with METTL17 (PubMed:31487196).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: RNA-binding component of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (mt-SSU) that plays a role in mitochondrial protein synthesis. Stimulates mitochondrial mRNA translation of subunit components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Binds to the mitochondrial 12S rRNA (12S mt-rRNA) and tRNA(Glu). Overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent non-tumoral liver tissues.

10090:Glipr1
gene id: 10090:Glipr1
uniprot id: Q4QQK5
uniprot id: Q9CWG1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CRISP family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hdac3
gene id: 10090:Hdac3
uniprot id: O88895
uniprot id: Q9JM08
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinated on 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains by USP38; leading to a decreased level of histone acetylation.
messages: Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), and some other non-histone substrates (PubMed:23911289, PubMed:30279482). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:23911289). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:23911289). Participates in the BCL6 transcriptional repressor activity by deacetylating the H3 'Lys-27' (H3K27) on enhancer elements, antagonizing EP300 acetyltransferase activity and repressing proximal gene expression (PubMed:23911289). Acts as a molecular chaperone for shuttling phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation (PubMed:19204783). Contributes, together with XBP1 isoform 1, to the activation of NFE2L2-mediated HMOX1 transcription factor gene expression in a PI(3)K/mTORC2/Akt-dependent signaling pathway leading to endothelial cell (EC) survival under disturbed flow/oxidative stress (By similarity). Regulates both the transcriptional activation and repression phases of the circadian clock in a deacetylase activity-independent manner (PubMed:26776516). During the activation phase, promotes the accumulation of ubiquitinated BMAL1 at the E-boxes and during the repression phase, blocks FBXL3-mediated CRY1/2 ubiquitination and promotes the interaction of CRY1 and BMAL1 (PubMed:26776516). The NCOR1-HDAC3 complex regulates the circadian expression of the core clock gene BMAL1 and the genes involved in lipid metabolism in the liver (PubMed:19037247). Also functions as deacetylase for non-histone targets, such as KAT5, MEF2D, MAPK14 and RARA (By similarity). Serves as a corepressor of RARA, mediating its deacetylation and repression, leading to inhibition of RARE DNA element binding (By similarity). In association with RARA, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby in…
messages: Interacts with HDAC7 and HDAC9 (PubMed:10984530, PubMed:11022042, PubMed:15711539). Interacts with DAXX, KDM4A, HDAC10 and DACH1 (PubMed:12130660). Found in a complex with NCOR1 and NCOR2 (By similarity). Component of the N-Cor repressor complex, at least composed of NCOR1, NCOR2, HDAC3, TBL1X, TBL1R, CORO2A and GPS2 (By similarity). Interacts with BCOR, MJD2A/JHDM3A, NRIP1, PRDM6 and SRY (PubMed:16537907). Interacts with BTBD14B (By similarity). Interacts with GLIS2 (PubMed:16326862). Interacts (via the DNA-binding domain) with NR2C1; the interaction recruits phosphorylated NR2C1 to PML bodies for sumoylation (PubMed:19204783). Component of the Notch corepressor complex (By similarity). Interacts with CBFA2T3 and NKAP (PubMed:11533236). Interacts with APEX1; the interaction is not dependent on the acetylated status of APEX1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZMYND15 (PubMed:20675388). Interacts with SMRT/NCOR2 and BCL6 on DNA enhancer elements (By similarity). Interacts with INSM1 (By similarity). Interacts with XBP1 isoform 1; the interaction occurs in endothelial cell (EC) under disturbed flow (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CCAR2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with and deacetylates MEF2D (By similarity). Interacts with BEND3 (By similarity). Interacts with NKAPL (PubMed:25875095). Interacts with DHX36; this interaction occurs in a RNA-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts weakly with CRY1; this interaction is enhanced in the presence of FBXL3 (PubMed:26776516). Interacts with FBXL3 and BMAL1 (PubMed:26776516). Interacts with NCOR1 (PubMed:19037247). Interacts with RARA (By similarity). Interacts with SETD5 (PubMed:30455454).
messages: Liver-specific knockout mice exhibit low amplitude of circadian rhythms, dampened E-box-driven transcription and a significant reduction in the protein levels of BMAL1 and CRY1 in the liver.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated in vitro.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tbc1d22a
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d22a
uniprot id: Q8R5A6
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ACBD3 and ARFGEF1. Interacts with YWHAB, YWHAE, YWHAG, YWHAH, YWHAQ and YWHAZ.
messages: May act as a GTPase-activating protein for Rab family protein(s).

10090:Zar1l
gene id: 10090:Zar1l
uniprot id: C3VD30
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Accumulates during oocyte growth and degradaded after meiotic resumption: present in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes and decreases during meiotic maturation and fertilization, and undetectable in 2-cell embryos.
messages: Belongs to the ZAR1 family.
messages: Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
messages: Disordered region at the N-terminus undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) for the formation of membraneless compartments that store maternal mRNAs in oocytes.
messages: Expressed in oocytes and zygotes (PubMed:20014101, PubMed:31598710). Predominantly expressed in maturing oocytes before maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) (PubMed:31598710). Less abundant than Zar1 (PubMed:31598710).
messages: Interacts with YBX2.
messages: No visible phenotype: mice are viable and females are fertile (PubMed:31598710). Mice lacking Zar1 and Zar1l oocytes display delayed meiotic resumption and polar body-1 emission and a higher incidence of abnormal meiotic spindle formation and chromosome aneuploidy (PubMed:31598710). The grown oocytes of Zar1 and Zar1l mutant mice contain decreased levels of many maternal mRNAs and display a reduced level of protein synthesis (PubMed:31598710).
messages: The 3CxxC-type mediates binding to the 3'-UTR of mRNAs.
messages: mRNA-binding protein required for maternal mRNA storage, translation and degradation during oocyte maturation (PubMed:31598710). Probably promotes formation of some phase-separated membraneless compartment that stores maternal mRNAs in oocytes: acts by undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation upon binding to maternal mRNAs (By similarity). Binds to the 3'-UTR of maternal mRNAs, inhibiting their translation (PubMed:31598710).

10090:Dnase1l2
gene id: 10090:Dnase1l2
uniprot id: Q9D1G0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DNase I family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Divalent cation-dependent acid DNA endonuclease involved in the breakdown of the nucleus during corneocyte formation of epidermal keratinocytes. May play an immune role by eliminating harmful DNA released into the extracellular environment by damaged epidermal cells (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Atp6ap2
gene id: 10090:Atp6ap2
uniprot id: Q1XID4
uniprot id: Q9CYN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Conditional knockout mice lacking Atp6ap2 in glutamatergic neurons display increased spontaneous locomotor activity and altered fear memory; show abnormal number and morphology of synapses, presynaptic transmission and autophagy defects that lead to axonal and neuronal degeneration in the cortex and hippocampus (PubMed:26376863). Conditional knockout mice lacking Atp6ap2 in the liver display liver damage, hypoglycosylation of serum proteins and autophagy defects (PubMed:29127204, PubMed:26376863). Conditional knockout mice lacking Atp6ap2 in cortical neurons die around 4 weeks of age (PubMed:30985297). It is associated with a flattened forehead and deficits in neural cell generation and/or survival compared to controls. Mutant embryonic cortex shows reduced proliferation of progenitor neural cells with premature exit of the cell cycle, premature differentiation, and apoptosis. There is also evidence of lysosomal dysfunction, impaired protein degradation in autophagolysosomes, and dysregulation of the mTOR kinase pathway.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at 12 dpc throughout the developing cortex with notable apical enrichment in radial glial cells (RGCs) along the ventricular surface.
messages: Expressed in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons with highest levels in the cortex, the hippocampus, the medial habenular nucleus, the cerebellum, the medulla and the olfactory bulb (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with renin. Accessory component of the multisubunit proton-transporting vacuolar (V)-ATPase protein pump. Interacts (via N-terminus) with ATP6AP1 (via N-terminus). Interacts with ATP6V0D1; ATP6V0D1 is a V-ATPase complex subunit and the interaction promotes V-ATPase complex assembly. Interacts with TMEM9; TMEM9 is a V-ATPase assembly regulator and the interaction induces the interaction with ATP6V0D1. Interacts with VMA21 (via N-terminus); VMA21 is a V-ATPase accessory component.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Multifunctional protein which functions as a renin, prorenin cellular receptor and is involved in the assembly of the lysosomal proton-transporting V-type ATPase (V-ATPase) and the acidification of the endo-lysosomal system (By similarity). May mediate renin-dependent cellular responses by activating ERK1 and ERK2 (By similarity). By increasing the catalytic efficiency of renin in AGT/angiotensinogen conversion to angiotensin I, may also play a role in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (By similarity). Through its function in V-type ATPase (v-ATPase) assembly and acidification of the lysosome it regulates protein degradation and may control different signaling pathways important for proper brain development, synapse morphology and synaptic transmission (PubMed:26376863, PubMed:29127204, PubMed:30985297).
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network to generate N- and C-terminal fragments.
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: axon
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane
messages: dendritic spine membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:F11r
gene id: 10090:F11r
uniprot id: O88792
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with the ninth PDZ domain of MPDZ (By similarity). Interacts with the first PDZ domain of PARD3 (PubMed:11447115). The association between PARD3 and PARD6B probably disrupts this interaction (PubMed:11447115). Interacts with ITGAL (via I-domain) (By similarity).
messages: Seems to play a role in epithelial tight junction formation. Appears early in primordial forms of cell junctions and recruits PARD3 (PubMed:11447115). The association of the PARD6-PARD3 complex may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly (PubMed:11447115). Plays a role in regulating monocyte transmigration involved in integrity of epithelial barrier (PubMed:9660867). Ligand for integrin alpha-L/beta-2 involved in memory T-cell and neutrophil transmigration (By similarity). Involved in platelet activation (By similarity).
messages: The Ig-like V-type 2 domain is necessary and sufficient for interaction with integrin alpha-L/beta-2.
messages: tight junction

10090:Sass6
gene id: 10090:Sass6
uniprot id: A0A0G2JFC9
uniprot id: Q80UK7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Central scaffolding component of the centrioles ensuring their 9-fold symmetry. Required for centrosome biogenesis and duplication: required both for mother-centriole-dependent centriole duplication and deuterosome-dependent centriole amplification in multiciliated cells (PubMed:24240477). Required for the recruitment of STIL to the procentriole and for STIL-mediated centriole amplification (By similarity).
messages: Nine homodimers form a cartwheel structure with an internal diameter of 23 nM and radial spokes connecting to the microtubule triplets. Interacts with FBXW5. Forms a complex with CENPJ and STIL. Interacts with NUP62 and TUBG1 at the centrosome. Interacts with CENATAC; the interaction increases with CENATAC acetylation. Interacts with FZR1; the interaction is regulated by CENATAC and leads to SASS6 proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: The 35 nM long coiled-coil domain mediates homodimerization while the globular N-terminus links the dimers at an angle of 40 degrees to form the inner ring.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXW5) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex during S phase, leading to its degradation and preventing centriole reduplication. Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, leading to its degradation and preventing centriole reduplication.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome

10090:Rnf187
gene id: 10090:Rnf187
uniprot id: Q8BFX1
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arginine methylation by PRMT1 stabilizes RNF187 by facilitating K63-linked ubiquitin chain formation, and enables dimerization, c-Jun interaction and subsequent AP1 target gene expression.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a coactivator of JUN-mediated gene activation in response to growth factor signaling via the MAP3K1 pathway, independently from MAPK8.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with JUN, independently of JUN phosphorylation (PubMed:20852630). Interacts (via C-terminus) with TRIM7 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.
messages: This sequence initiates at a CTG codon.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked autoubiquitination in the absence of growth factors and MAP3K1-induced 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. 'Lys-48'-autoubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome, while MAP3K1-induced 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination results in the stabilization of the protein. 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitinations occur most probably on the same 3 C-terminal lysine residues (Lys-195, Lys-224 and Lys-225) and are thus mutually exclusive. Other sites of ubiquitination are not excluded. 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by TRIM7 in response to growth factor signaling via the MEK/ERK pathway enhances protein stability.
messages: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical CTG leucine codon.

10090:Pole
gene id: 10090:Pole
uniprot id: Q3UR94
uniprot id: Q80XH7
uniprot id: Q9WVF7
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Catalytic component of the DNA polymerase epsilon complex (By similarity). Participates in chromosomal DNA replication. Required during synthesis of the leading DNA strands at the replication fork and binds at/or near replication origins and moves along DNA with the replication fork. Has 3'-5' proofreading exonuclease activity that corrects errors arising during DNA replication (By similarity). It is also involved in DNA synthesis during DNA repair (By similarity).
messages: Component of the DNA polymerase epsilon complex consisting of four subunits: the catalytic subunit POLE and the accessory subunits POLE2, POLE3 and POLE4. Interacts with RAD17 and TOPBP1.
messages: DNA polymerase II participates in chromosomal DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CysA-type zinc finger is required for PCNA-binding.
messages: The CysB motif binds 1 4Fe-4S cluster and is required for the formation of polymerase complexes.
messages: The DNA polymerase activity domain resides in the N-terminal half of the protein, while the C-terminus is necessary for maintenance of the complex.

10090:Rgl3
gene id: 10090:Rgl3
uniprot id: Q3UYI5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ral-A. Potential effector of GTPase HRas and Ras-related protein M-Ras. Negatively regulates Elk-1-dependent gene induction downstream of HRas and MEKK1.
messages: Interacts with GTP-bound forms of RIT1, HRAS and MRAS.
messages: The Ras-associating domain plays a central role in the activation of Ral-A GDP/GTP exchange activity.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at high levels in the liver and kidney.

10090:Nudt3
gene id: 10090:Nudt3
uniprot id: B2KF67
uniprot id: Q9JI46
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DIPP subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Chimeric at the C-terminus.
messages: Cleaves a beta-phosphate from the diphosphate groups in PP-InsP5 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate) and [PP]2-InsP4 (bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate), suggesting that it may play a role in signal transduction (PubMed:15212765). InsP6 (inositol hexakisphosphate) is not a substrate (By similarity). Also able to catalyze the hydrolysis of dinucleoside oligophosphates, with diadenosine 5',5'''-P1,P6-hexaphosphate (Ap6A) and diadenosine 5',5'''- P1,P5-pentaphosphate (Ap5A) being the preferred substrates (By similarity). The major reaction products are ADP and p4a from Ap6A and ADP and ATP from Ap5A (By similarity). Also able to hydrolyze 5- phosphoribose 1-diphosphate (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of the ERK1/2 pathway (PubMed:15212765). Acts as a decapping enzyme that can hydrolyze both monomethylated and unmethylated capped RNAs (PubMed:23353937). Hydrolyzes monomethylated capped RNA after both the alpha- and beta-phosphates generating m7GMP + ppRNA and m7GDP + pRNA (PubMed:23353937). Modulates the stability of a subset of mRNAs implicated in cell motility (By similarity). Divalent cations zinc, magnesium and manganese determine its substrate specificity (By similarity). Exhibits diphosphoinositol polyphosphate phosphohydrolase in the presence of magnesium ions, diadenosine hexaphosphate hydrolase activity in the presence of manganese ions and endopolyphosphatase activity in the presence of zinc ions (By similarity). Plays an important role in limiting DNA damage and maintaining cell survival upon oxidative stress via its endopolyphosphatase activity (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in heart, lung, liver and spleen (at protein level). Widely expressed.

10090:Wnt8a
gene id: 10090:Wnt8a
uniprot id: Q0VBT1
uniprot id: Q64527
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Wnt family.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Expression in early stages of embryogenesis. Expression begins in the posterior region of early primitive streak-stage embryos and after it spreads into the embryonic ectoderm up to a sharp rostral boundary at the base of the developing headfolds. Expressed transiently in the newly formed mesoderm. Expression is down-regulated during somitogenesis. The expression is highly restricted during gastrulation and neurulation, both temporally and spatially.
messages: Forms a soluble 1:1 complex with AFM; this prevents oligomerization and is required for prolonged biological activity. The complex with AFM may represent the physiological form in body fluids.
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors.
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors. Plays a role in embryonic patterning.
messages: Palmitoleoylation is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors (By similarity). Depalmitoleoylation leads to Wnt signaling pathway inhibition (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytic processing by TIKI1 and TIKI2 promotes oxidation and formation of large disulfide-bond oligomers, leading to inactivation of WNT8A.
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Dnajc5
gene id: 10090:Dnajc5
uniprot id: P60904
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a co-chaperone for the SNARE protein SNAP-25 (PubMed:22187053). Involved in the calcium-mediated control of a late stage of exocytosis (PubMed:20847230). Acts as a general chaperone in regulated exocytosis (By similarity). May have an important role in presynaptic function (By similarity). May be involved in calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release at nerve endings (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defective SNAP-25 function, which causes neurodegeneration by impairing SNARE-complex assembly (PubMed:22187053).
messages: Formation of the chaperone complex DNAJC5/HSC70 is not regulated by phosphorylation (PubMed:20847230). Ser-10 phosphorylation induces an order-to-disorder transition triggering the interaction with Lys-58 (By similarity). This conformational switch modulates DNAJC5's cellular functions by reducing binding to syntaxin and synaptogamin without altering HSC70 interactions (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer (Probable). Interacts with the chaperone complex consisting of HSC70 and SGTA (PubMed:17034881, PubMed:20847230). Interacts with ZDHHC13 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:25253725, PubMed:26198635). Interacts with ZDHHC17 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:25253725, PubMed:26198635). Interacts with SYT1, SYT5 and SYT7, and with SYT9, forming a complex with SNAP25 (PubMed:20847230). The interaction with SYT9 is stimulated tenfold in presence of calcium (PubMed:20847230).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated (PubMed:17034881). Could be palmitoylated by DHHC3, DHHC7, DHHC15 and DHHC17 (By similarity). Palmitoylation occurs probably in the cysteine-rich domain and regulates DNAJC5 membrane attachment (PubMed:17034881).
messages: chromaffin granule membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Cebpb
gene id: 10090:Cebpb
uniprot id: P28033
uniprot id: Q3UPN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in myoblasts. Enriched in brown adipose tissue (BAT) versus white adipose tissue (WAT). Expressed in hepatocytes (at protein level). Expressed in T lymphocytes (PubMed:16585579). The expression in granulosa cells of antral follicles is induced by luteinizing hormone (PubMed:9303532). Expressed in chondrocytes and osteoblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:19440205).
messages: Acetylated. Acetylation at Lys-39 is an important and dynamic regulatory event that contributes to its ability to transactivate target genes, including those associated with adipogenesis and adipocyte function. Deacetylation by HDAC1 represses its transactivation activity (PubMed:18486321). Acetylated by KAT2A and KAT2B within a cluster of lysine residues between amino acids 98-102, this acetylation is strongly induced by glucocorticoid treatment and enhances transactivation activity (PubMed:17301242).
messages: Acts as a dominant negative through heterodimerization with isoform 2 (By similarity). Promotes osteoblast differentiation and osteoclastogenesis (PubMed:19440205).
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expressed in the chorionic plate and ectoplacental cone. From 10.5 dpc to at least 11.5 dpc, is also expressed in the trophoblast cells of the three placenta layers (PubMed:15509779). Expressed in monocytic precursors but is vanished during differentiation into osteoclasts. The expression increases during osteoblast differentiation (PubMed:19440205).
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. C/EBP subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a homodimer and as a heterodimer. Interacts with ATF4. Binds DNA as a heterodimer with ATF4 (PubMed:11018027). Interacts with MYB; within the complex, MYB and CEBPB bind to different promoter regions (PubMed:11792321). Can form stable heterodimers with CEBPA, CEBPD and CEBPE (By similarity). Interacts with SIX1 (PubMed:27923061). Isoform 2 and isoform 3 also form heterodimers (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM28 and PTGES2 (PubMed:9742105, PubMed:15879117). Interacts with PRDM16 (PubMed:19641492). Interacts with CCDC85B (PubMed:15644333). Forms a complex with THOC5 (PubMed:19015024). Interacts with ZNF638; this interaction increases transcriptional activation (PubMed:21602272). Interacts with CIDEA and CIDEC (PubMed:22245780). Interaction with CIDEA increases transcriptional activation of a subset of CEBPB downstream target genes, including ID2, IGF1, PRLR, SOCS1, SOCS3, XDH. Interaction with CIDEC increases transcriptional activation of SOCS1, SOCS3, TGFB1, TGFBR1, ID2 and XDH. Interacts with DDIT3/CHOP. Interacts with EP300; recruits EP300 to chromatin. Interacts with RORA; the interaction disrupts interaction with EP300 (PubMed:19324970). Interacts (not methylated) with MED23, MED26, SMARCA2, SMARCB1 and SMARCC1 (PubMed:20111005). Interacts with KAT2A and KAT2B (PubMed:17301242). Interacts with ATF5; EP300 is required for ATF5 and CEBPB interaction and DNA binding (PubMed:24216764). Interacts with NFE2L1; the heterodimer represses expression of DSPP during odontoblast differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryos display defects in brown fat tissue development (PubMed:19641492). Females are sterile, ovaries lack corpora lutea (PubMed:9303532). Upon bacterial infection, animals show impaired bactericidal activity and die within 3 days (PubMed:17911624). Posthepatectomy, animals show a reduced regenerative response with DNA synthesis decreased to 25% of normal in hepatocytes and a prolonged period of hypoglycemia (PubMed:9727068). Animals show osteopenia with decreased bone formation and enhanced ostecolastogenesis. Long bones have a 1.6 fold diminished bone volume with a reduction of the number and thickness of bone trabeculae (PubMed:19440205). Mutants of isoform 2 show impaired CSF3/G-CSF production by macrophages, IFNG production by CD4(+) T-cells and granuloma formation in liver. Upon bacterial infection, mutants of isoform 2 die within 6 days. Resistant to LPS-induced endotoxin shock (PubMed:17911624). Double knockout CEBPA and CEBPB results in embryonic developmental arrest and death at around 10 dpc to 11 dpc, associated with a gross placenta failure (PubMed:15509779).
messages: Essential for gene expression induction in activated macrophages. Plays a major role in immune responses such as CD4(+) T-cell response, granuloma formation and endotoxin shock. Not essential for intracellular bacteria killing.
messages: Important transcription factor regulating the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses (PubMed:16585579, PubMed:17911624, PubMed:18486321, PubMed:20111005). Also plays a significant role in adipogenesis, as well as in the gluconeogenic pathway, liver regeneration, and hematopoiesis (PubMed:9727068, PubMed:10635333, PubMed:17301242, PubMed:17601773, PubMed:19478079, PubMed:24061474, PubMed:24216764). The consensus recognition site is 5'-T[TG]NNGNAA[TG]-3'. Its functional capacity is governed by protein interactions and post-translational protein modifications. During early embryogenesis, plays essential and redundant roles with CEBPA (PubMed:15509779). Has a promitotic effect on many cell types such as hepatocytes and adipocytes but has an antiproliferative effect on T-cells by repressing MYC expression, facilitating differentiation along the T-helper 2 lineage (PubMed:9727068, PubMed:10635333, PubMed:16585579). Binds to regulatory regions of several acute-phase and cytokines genes and plays a role in the regulation of acute-phase reaction and inflammation. Also plays a role in intracellular bacteria killing (PubMed:17911624). During adipogenesis, is rapidly expressed and, after activation by phosphorylation, induces CEBPA and PPARG, which turn on the series of adipocyte genes that give rise to the adipocyte phenotype. The delayed transactivation of the CEBPA and PPARG genes by CEBPB appears necessary to allow mitotic clonal expansion and thereby progression of terminal differentiation (PubMed:15985551, PubMed:17301242, PubMed:17601773, PubMed:20194620). Essential for female reproduction because of a critical role in ovarian follicle development (PubMed:9303532). Restricts osteoclastogenesis (PubMed:19440205). Together with NFE2L1; represses expression of DSPP during odontoblast differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Major isoform.
messages: Methylated. Methylation at Arg-3 by CARM1 and at Lys-39 by EHMT2, inhibits transactivation activity. Methylation is probably inhibited by phosphorylation at Thr-188.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated, glycosylation at Ser-180 and Ser-181 prevents phosphorylation on Thr-188, Ser-184 and Thr-179 and DNA binding activity which delays the adipocyte differentiation program.
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-188 by MAPK and CDK2, serves to prime phosphorylation at Thr-179 and Ser-184 by GSK3B and acquire DNA-binding as well as transactivation activities, required to induce adipogenesis. MAPK and CDK2 act sequentially to maintain Thr-188 in the primed phosphorylated state during mitotical cloning expansion and thereby progression of terminal differentiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-217 enhances transactivation activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-276 in response to calcium increases transactivation activity (PubMed:1314426). Phosphorylated at Thr-188 by RPS6KA1 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated by polymeric chains of SUMO2 or SUMO3. Sumoylation at Lys-133 is required for inhibition of T-cells proliferation (PubMed:16585579). In adipocytes, sumoylation at Lys-133 by PIAS1 leads to ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation (PubMed:24061474). Desumoylated by SENP2, which abolishes ubiquitination and stabilizes protein levels (PubMed:20194620).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Up-regulated by cold exposure.

10090:Slc35e4
gene id: 10090:Slc35e4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0N3
uniprot id: Q8K3D6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35E subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative transporter.

10090:Or5p58
gene id: 10090:Or5p58
uniprot id: Q8VG03
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Methig1
gene id: 10090:Methig1
uniprot id: Q76I26
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Smco3
gene id: 10090:Smco3
uniprot id: Q8BQM7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Arhgef10
gene id: 10090:Arhgef10
uniprot id: Q8C033
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Found in the neuroepithelium of the meninges at 8.5 dpc, and in the roof plate of the rhombencephalon at 9.5 dpc. In 12.5 dpc embryos, it is ubiquitously expressed, with a pronounced expression in the neuroepithelium of brain vesicles, the neural tube, the ganglia and the neural layer of the retina.
messages: May play a role in developmental myelination of peripheral nerves.
messages: Methylated at Gln-1314 by N6AMT1.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Nox1
gene id: 10090:Nox1
uniprot id: Q8CIZ9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (c-type) induced in VSMC by angiotensin II and injury to the artery.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in colon and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC).
messages: NOX1, NOXA1, NOXO1, RAC1 and CYBA forms a functional multimeric complex supporting ROS production. Interacts with NOXA1 and NOXO1.
messages: Product of f-type and c-type mRNA, which differ only in 5'-UTR.
messages: Pyridine nucleotide-dependent oxidoreductase that generates superoxide and might conduct H(+) ions as part of its electron transport mechanism.
messages: The oxidase activity is potentiated by NOXA1 and NOXO1.
messages: invadopodium membrane

10090:Zfp335
gene id: 10090:Zfp335
uniprot id: A2A5K6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Component or associated component of some histone methyltransferase complexes may regulate transcription through recruitment of those complexes on gene promoters (By similarity). Enhances ligand-dependent transcriptional activation by nuclear hormone receptors (By similarity). Plays an important role in neural progenitor cell proliferation and self-renewal through the regulation of specific genes involved brain development, including REST (PubMed:23178126). Also controls the expression of genes involved in somatic development and regulates, for instance, lymphoblast proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at low levels in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: In brain, expression peaks at 13-15 dpc, during cortical neurogenesis. At 8.5 dpc, expressed in forebrain and midbrain. At 14.5 dpc, expressed in ventricular zone, subventricular zone and cortical plate.
messages: Interacts with NCOA6; may enhance ligand-dependent transcriptional activation by nuclear hormone receptors (By similarity). Interacts with CNOT6 (By similarity). Interacts with CNOT9; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Component of a nuclear receptor-mediated transcription complex composed of at least ZNF335, CCAR2 and EMSY; the complex stimulates the transcription of nuclear receptor target genes such as SOX9 and HOXA1 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with EMSY and interacts (via C-terminus) with CCAR2 (By similarity). Interacts with members of histone H3'Lys4'(H3K4) methyltransferase complexes ASH2L, CXXC1, KMT2A/MLL1, RBBP5, SETD1A and WDR5 (PubMed:23178126). Component of a histone methylation complex composed of at least ZNF335, RBBP5, ASH2L and WDR5; the complex may have histone H3-specific methyltransferase activity, however does not have specificity for 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (By similarity). Interacts with RBBP5 and WDR5 (PubMed:23178126). Interacts with ASHL2 (By similarity). Components of this complex may associate with components of the ZNF335-CCAR2-EMSY nuclear receptor-mediated transcription complex to form a complex at least composed of ZNF335, HCFC1, CCAR2, EMSY, MKI67, RBBP5, ASH2L and WDR5 (By similarity). Within this complex also interacts with HCFC1 and MKI67 (By similarity).
messages: Loss leads to embryonic lethality as early as 7.5 dpc. Brain-specific conditional knockout produces a brain with an essentially absent cortex lacking all cortical neurons.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or2t45
gene id: 10090:Or2t45
uniprot id: Q8VFG7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm1993
gene id: 10090:Gm1993
uniprot id: A6X8I0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Arsj
gene id: 10090:Arsj
uniprot id: Q32KI8
uniprot id: Q8BM89
names: Cofactor
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sulfatase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Secreted
messages: The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.

10090:Bag2
gene id: 10090:Bag2
uniprot id: Q91YN9
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to the ATPase domain of HSP/HSC70 chaperones. May interact with NWD1. Interacts with HSPA1A (via NBD), HSPA1B (via NBD) and HSPA8. May interact with DNJC9; the interaction seems to be histone-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Co-chaperone for HSP70 and HSC70 chaperone proteins. Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) promoting the release of ADP from the HSP70 and HSC70 proteins thereby triggering client/substrate protein release.

10090:Lrrc45
gene id: 10090:Lrrc45
uniprot id: Q8CIM1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the proteinaceous fiber-like linker between two centrioles, required for centrosome cohesion.
messages: Homomer. Interacts with CROCC/rootletin and CEP250. Interacts with CEP44.
messages: Phosphorylated by NEK2 during misosis, phosphorylation reduces centrosomal localization which subsequently leads to centrosome separation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Rmnd1
gene id: 10090:Rmnd1
uniprot id: Q8CI78
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RMD1/sif2 family.
messages: Homooligomer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Required for mitochondrial translation, possibly by coordinating the assembly or maintenance of the mitochondrial ribosome.

10090:Pola1
gene id: 10090:Pola1
uniprot id: P33609
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase alpha complex (also known as the alpha DNA polymerase-primase complex) which plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA synthesis (PubMed:8253737, PubMed:8026492). During the S phase of the cell cycle, the DNA polymerase alpha complex (composed of a catalytic subunit POLA1, a regulatory subunit POLA2 and two primase subunits PRIM1 and PRIM2) is recruited to DNA at the replicative forks via direct interactions with MCM10 and WDHD1. The primase subunit of the polymerase alpha complex initiates DNA synthesis by oligomerising short RNA primers on both leading and lagging strands. These primers are initially extended by the polymerase alpha catalytic subunit and subsequently transferred to polymerase delta and polymerase epsilon for processive synthesis on the lagging and leading strand, respectively. The reason this transfer occurs is because the polymerase alpha has limited processivity and lacks intrinsic 3' exonuclease activity for proofreading error, and therefore is not well suited for replicating long complexes. In the cytosol, responsible for a substantial proportion of the physiological concentration of cytosolic RNA:DNA hybrids, which are necessary to prevent spontaneous activation of type I interferon responses.
messages: Component of the alpha DNA polymerase complex (also known as the alpha DNA polymerase-primase complex) consisting of four subunits: the catalytic subunit POLA1, the regulatory subunit POLA2, and the primase complex subunits PRIM1 and PRIM2 respectively (PubMed:8253737, PubMed:8026492). Within the complex, POLA1 directly interacts with PRIM2 (PubMed:8253737). Interacts with PARP1; this interaction functions as part of the control of replication fork progression. Interacts with MCM10 and WDHD1; these interactions recruit the polymerase alpha complex to the pre-replicative complex bound to DNA. Interacts with RPA1; this interaction stabilizes the replicative complex and reduces the misincorporation rate of DNA polymerase alpha by acting as a fidelity clamp (By similarity).
messages: Conserved regions II, IV, III and I are thought to be involved in substrate recognition, binding or PP(i) hydrolysis.
messages: Expressed in those zones containing proliferating cells in the developing embryonic neocortex, as well as in the lateral and medial ganglionic eminences. After birth, expressed in cells that remain proliferating in the ventricular and subventricular zone of the striatum.
messages: In eukaryotes there are five DNA polymerases: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon which are responsible for different reactions of DNA synthesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Gm4297
gene id: 10090:Gm4297
uniprot id: D3YWB7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Mup16
gene id: 10090:Mup16
uniprot id: A2CGB6
uniprot id: A9C496
uniprot id: P02762
names: Allergen
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in the urine of adult male mice but absent from that of females.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Binds pheromones that are released from drying urine of males. These pheromones affect the sexual behavior of females.
messages: Causes an allergic reaction in human.
messages: Secreted
messages: There are about 15 group 1 MUP genes and their transcripts make up about 5% of male mouse liver RNA.

10090:Rhobtb2
gene id: 10090:Rhobtb2
uniprot id: Q91V93
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Expressed in most tissues, with highest expression in brain.
messages: Interacts with HSP90AA1 and HSP90AB1. Interacts with CUL3.

10090:Mat1a
gene id: 10090:Mat1a
uniprot id: Q91X83
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: An intrachain disulfide bond can be formed. The protein structure shows that the relevant Cys residues are in a position that would permit formation of a disulfide bond.
messages: Belongs to the AdoMet synthase family.
messages: Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The reaction comprises two steps that are both catalyzed by the same enzyme: formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and triphosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the triphosphate.
messages: Homotetramer (MAT-I); dimer of dimers. Homodimer (MAT-III).
messages: S-nitrosylation of Cys-121 inactivates the enzyme.

10090:Atp2a1
gene id: 10090:Atp2a1
uniprot id: Q8R429
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily.
messages: Ca(2+) and ATP binding cause major rearrangements of the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains. According to the E1-E2 model, Ca(2+) binding to the cytosolic domain of the pump in the high-affinity E1 conformation is followed by the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of the active site Asp, giving rise to E1P. A conformational change of the phosphoenzyme gives rise to the low-affinity E2P state that exposes the Ca(2+) ions to the lumenal side and promotes Ca(2+) release. Dephosphorylation of the active site Asp mediates the subsequent return to the E1 conformation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by sarcolipin (SLN), phospholamban (PLN) and myoregulin (MRLN) (PubMed:21697544, PubMed:22961106, PubMed:25640239). Reversibly inhibited by phospholamban (PLN) at low calcium concentrations (By similarity). Dephosphorylated PLN decreases the apparent affinity of the ATPase for calcium. This inhibition is regulated by the phosphorylation of PLN (By similarity). Enhanced by DWORF; DWORF increases activity by displacing sarcolipin (SLN), phospholamban (PLN) and myoregulin (MRLN) (PubMed:26816378).
messages: Interacts with sarcolipin (SLN) (PubMed:21697544, PubMed:22961106). Interacts with phospholamban (PLN) (PubMed:26816378). Interacts with myoregulin (MRLN) (PubMed:25640239). Interacts with DWORF (PubMed:26816378). Interacts with VMP1 (By similarity).
messages: Key regulator of striated muscle performance by acting as the major Ca(2+) ATPase responsible for the reuptake of cytosolic Ca(2+) into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:21697544, PubMed:22961106, PubMed:25640239, PubMed:26816378). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Contributes to calcium sequestration involved in muscular excitation/contraction (PubMed:21697544, PubMed:22961106, PubMed:25640239, PubMed:26816378).
messages: PLN and SLN both have a single transmembrane helix; both occupy a similar binding site on ATP2A1 that is situated between the ATP2A1 transmembrane helices.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Tcaf2
gene id: 10090:Tcaf2
uniprot id: Q921K8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TCAF family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with TRPM8 (via N-terminus and C-terminus domains); the interaction inhibits TRPM8 channel activity. Interacts with TRPV6.
messages: Negatively regulates the plasma membrane cation channel TRPM8 activity. Involved in the recruitment of TRPM8 to the cell surface. Promotes prostate cancer cell migration stimulation in a TRPM8-dependent manner.

10090:Ttll9
gene id: 10090:Ttll9
uniprot id: A2APC3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Gln-155 is the main determinant for regioselectivity, which segregates between initiases and elongases in all tubulin--tyrosine ligase family. A glutamine residue at this position is found in elongases TTLL6, TTLL9, TTLL11, TTLL13, TTLL10 and favors glutamate-chain elongation, whereas an arginine residue is found in initiases TTLL2, TTLL4, TTLL5, TTLL3, TTLL8 and favors initiation.
messages: Highly expressed in brain and testis (PubMed:17499049). Expressed in heart, kidney and lung (PubMed:17499049). In the brain, expressed in ependymal cilia, cortex, corpus callosum and striatum (PubMed:23897886). In the testis, specifically expressed in the seminiferous tubules (PubMed:27257088).
messages: Males are infertile due to a reduction in sperm count and defective sperm motility. Sperm axonemes have shortened microtubule doublet 7 and reduced tubulin polyglutamylation, in particular of doublet 5. Reduced sperm motility is caused by frequent stalls of flagella due to defective switching in the bending direction.
messages: Probable tubulin polyglutamylase that generates side chains of glutamate on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues within the C-terminal tail of target proteins (PubMed:27257088). Similar to TTLL1, may acquire enzymatic activity only in complex with other proteins as it is most likely lacking domains important for autonomous activity (Probable). Mediates tubulin polyglutamylation which induces establishment of microtubule heterogeneity in sperm flagella, thereby playing a role in normal motile flagella axoneme structure and sperm flagella beating pattern (PubMed:27257088).
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Trim46
gene id: 10090:Trim46
uniprot id: D3YXA6
uniprot id: Q7TNM2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system, including pyramidal neurons and interneurons in the cortex and hippocampus and all neuronal cell types in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex, and in the peripheral nervous system, including the dorsal root ganglion neurons.
messages: Interacts with TUBB3 and TUBA4A.
messages: Microtubule-associated protein that is involved in the formation of parallel microtubule bundles linked by cross-bridges in the proximal axon. Required for the uniform orientation and maintenance of the parallel microtubule fascicles, which are important for efficient cargo delivery and trafficking in axons. Thereby also required for proper axon formation, the establishment of neuronal polarity and proper neuronal migration.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Baz1a
gene id: 10090:Baz1a
uniprot id: G3UWZ0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Aldoa
gene id: 10090:Aldoa
uniprot id: A6ZI44
uniprot id: P05064
uniprot id: Q5FWB7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible conversion of beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) into two triose phosphate and plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (By similarity). In addition, may also function as scaffolding protein (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with SNX9 and WAS. Interacts with FBP2; the interaction blocks FBP2 inhibition by physiological concentrations of AMP and reduces inhibition by Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: I band
messages: In vertebrates, three forms of this ubiquitous glycolytic enzyme are found, aldolase A in muscle, aldolase B in liver and aldolase C in brain.
messages: M line

10090:Lysmd4
gene id: 10090:Lysmd4
uniprot id: Q8CC84
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Mturn
gene id: 10090:Mturn
uniprot id: A0A087WQV4
uniprot id: Q8CGA4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MTURN family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in embryo throughout the early nervous system. Strongly expressed in differentiating neurons in the brain, spinal cord and retina. Not detected in the lens at any developmental stage tested.
messages: Expressed in the thymus, bone marrow and spleen.
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-34 is essential for its ability to promote megakaryocyte differentiation.
messages: Promotes megakaryocyte differentiation by enhancing ERK and JNK signaling as well as up-regulating RUNX1 and FLI1 expression (PubMed:24681962). Represses NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity by inhibiting phosphorylation of RELA at 'Ser- 536' (By similarity). May be involved in early neuronal development (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r167
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r167
uniprot id: G3UW71
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vbp1
gene id: 10090:Vbp1
uniprot id: P61759
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
messages: Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits. Binds to the C-terminal part of VHL.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or10am5
gene id: 10090:Or10am5
uniprot id: Q7TQV1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ptprz1
gene id: 10090:Ptprz1
uniprot id: B2RXS8
uniprot id: B9EKR1
uniprot id: Q8C4M8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 5 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in neurons and astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Detected in the hippocampus and in brain cortex.
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:11003666). Embryonic mutant mice show increased levels of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the spinal cord, combined with impaired differentiation of the precursor cells into mature, fully myelinating oligodendrocytes (PubMed:21969550). Mutant mice show slightly increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and strongly reduced recovery. Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice remain paralyzed and display increased levels of apoptotic oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord (PubMed:12355066). Besides, mutant mice display impaired contextual fear memory, probably due to impaired dephosphorylation of proteins that are part of important signaling cascades (PubMed:16513268).
messages: Protein tyrosine phosphatase that negatively regulates oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation in the embryonic spinal cord. Required for normal differentiation of the precursor cells into mature, fully myelinating oligodendrocytes. May play a role in protecting oligondendrocytes against apoptosis. May play a role in the establishment of contextual memory, probably via the dephosphorylation of proteins that are part of important signaling cascades.
messages: Secreted
messages: The carbonic-anhydrase like domain interacts with CNTN1 (contactin) (PubMed:20133774, PubMed:21969550). Interaction with PTN promotes formation of homooligomers; oligomerization impairs phosphatase activity (By similarity). Interacts (via chondroitin sulfate chains) with MDK (via C-terminal); this interaction is inhibited by PTN; this interaction promotes neuronal migration (By similarity).

10090:Opn1mw
gene id: 10090:Opn1mw
uniprot id: O35599
uniprot id: Q3UEX0
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in retina (at protein level) (PubMed:30948514). Expressed in cone photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11055434).
messages: Expressed in the retinal outer nuclear layer and the inner nuclear layer at postnatal day 10.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Homotetramer.
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:30948514). O-glycosylated (PubMed:30948514).
messages: Phosphorylated on some or all of the serine and threonine residues present in the C-terminal region.
messages: Visual pigments are the light-absorbing molecules that mediate vision. They consist of an apoprotein, opsin, covalently linked to cis-retinal. May increase spectral sensitivity in dim light.

10090:Pgd
gene id: 10090:Pgd
uniprot id: Q9DCD0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Cluh
gene id: 10090:Cluh
uniprot id: A0A0R4J140
uniprot id: Q5SW19
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CLU family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: mRNA-binding protein involved in proper cytoplasmic distribution of mitochondria. Specifically binds mRNAs of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins in the cytoplasm and regulates transport or translation of these transcripts close to mitochondria, playing a role in mitochondrial biogenesis.

10090:Rab22a
gene id: 10090:Rab22a
uniprot id: P35285
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Binds EEA1 (By similarity). Interacts (in its GTP-bound form) with RINL (By similarity). Interacts directly with ZFYVE20 (PubMed:16034420). Interacts (in its GTP-bound form) with RABGEF1 (PubMed:19759177).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Detected in brain and heart, and at lower levels in lung and spleen.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Late endosome
messages: Plays a role in endocytosis and intracellular protein transport (PubMed:19759177, PubMed:27718357). Mediates trafficking of TF from early endosomes to recycling endosomes. Required for NGF-mediated endocytosis of NTRK1, and subsequent neurite outgrowth. Binds GTP and GDP and has low GTPase activity. Alternates between a GTP-bound active form and a GDP-bound inactive form (By similarity).
messages: phagosome
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: ruffle

10090:Gpr180
gene id: 10090:Gpr180
uniprot id: Q8BPS4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Smim18
gene id: 10090:Smim18
uniprot id: J3QNP2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Snx17
gene id: 10090:Snx17
uniprot id: Q8BVL3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Critical regulator of endosomal recycling of numerous surface proteins, including integrins, signaling receptor and channels (PubMed:12169628, PubMed:16052210). Binds to NPxY sequences in the cytoplasmic tails of target cargos (By similarity). Associates with retriever and CCC complexes to prevent lysosomal degradation and promote cell surface recycling of numerous cargos such as integrins ITGB1, ITGB5 and their associated alpha subunits (By similarity). Also required for maintenance of normal cell surface levels of APP and LRP1 (PubMed:16052210, PubMed:18276590). Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in brain neurons (at protein level). Broadly expressed, with highest levels in brain and placenta, and lowest levels in colon, intestine and liver.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with APP (via cytoplasmic YXNPXY motif) (PubMed:18276590). Interacts with KIF1B (PubMed:19967056). Interacts with the C-termini of P-selectin, PTC, LDLR, VLDLR, LRP1 and LRP8. Interacts with KRIT1 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:12169628, PubMed:16052210). Interacts with HRAS. Interacts with ITGB1 and ITGB5 (via NPxY motif). Interacts with CCDC22, CCDC93, VPS26C and VPS35L; the interaction with VPS26C is direct and associates SNX17 with the retriever and CCC complexes (By similarity).
messages: The PTB-like F3 module within the FERM-like domain mediates cargo recognition via their NPxY sequences, while the F1 module (Ras-associating) is responsible for interaction with membrane-bound HRAS.
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)). Required for association with endosomes.

10090:Sorbs3
gene id: 10090:Sorbs3
uniprot id: Q9R1Z8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell junction
messages: Interacts with vinculin by the first two SH3 domains and the proline rich region of vinculin. Binds to SOS (guanine nucleotide exchange factor of RAS and RAC), through its third SH3 domain. The formation of this complex is down-regulated by phosphorylation of SOS. Interacts with SAFB2, INPPL1/SHIP2 and SRCIN1 (By similarity). Interacts with DLG5 through its third SH3 domain. Interacts with SOCS7 and MAPK1/ERK2. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-594 by MAPK1/ERK2 during cell spreading.
messages: Promotes up-regulation of actin stress fiber formation.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Kcnv2
gene id: 10090:Kcnv2
uniprot id: Q8CFS6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. V (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv8.2/KCNV2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNB1, KCNC1 and KCNF1. Does not form homomultimers (By similarity).
messages: Potassium channel subunit. Modulates channel activity by shifting the threshold and the half-maximal activation to more negative values (By similarity).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Ift122
gene id: 10090:Ift122
uniprot id: Q6NWV3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As a component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A), a complex required for retrograde ciliary transport and entry into cilia of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), it is required in ciliogenesis and ciliary protein trafficking (By similarity). Involved in cilia formation during neuronal patterning. Acts as a negative regulator of Shh signaling. Required to recruit TULP3 to primary cilia (PubMed:19000668, PubMed:21209331).
messages: Component of the IFT complex A (IFT-A) complex. IFT-A complex is divided into a core subcomplex composed of IFT122:IFT140:WDR19 which is associated with TULP3 and a peripheral subcomplex composed of IFT43:WDR35:TTC21B. Interacts with IFT43:WDR35; the interaction connects the 2 IFT-A subcomplexes. Interacts with IFTAP; the interaction associates IFTAP with IFT-A complex.
messages: Embryonic lethal (manifesting between 11.5 dpc and 13.5 dpc). Multiple developmental defects (exencephaly, situs viscerum inversus, delay in turning, hemorrhage and defects in limb development). In the node, primary cilia are absent or malformed in homozygous mutant and heterozygous embryos, respectively. The Shh signaling pathway is impaired in both neural tube patterning (expansion of motoneurons and rostro-caudal level-dependent contraction or expansion of the dorso-lateral interneurons) and limb patterning (ectrosyndactyly). The proteolytic processing of Gli3 is altered. Defects in Ift122 are the cause of the sister of open brain (sopb) phenotype, a mutant that induces embryonic lethality and generates primary cilia with features of defective retrograde intraflagellar transport.
messages: Expression at least from 7.5 dpc onwards throughout embryonic development with lower levels at 7.5 dpc and 9.5 dpc. Ubiquitously expressed at 11.5 dpc.
messages: Forms the trimeric core subcomplex IFT122:IFT140:WDR19 via the C-terminal region, whereas it interacts with IFT43:WDR35 via the N-terminal region containing the WD repeats.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Krt42
gene id: 10090:Krt42
uniprot id: Q6IFX2
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in nail matrix and nail bed epithelium (at protein level). Also expressed in tongue and digits with weak expression in vibrissae and in both filiform and fungiform papillae of oral mucosa.
messages: Heterodimer of a type I and a type II keratin. Colocalizes with KRT8/KRT18 filament network.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

10090:Mrc2
gene id: 10090:Mrc2
uniprot id: Q64449
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: C-type lectin domains 3 to 8 are not required for calcium-dependent binding of mannose, fucose and N-acetylglucosamine. C-type lectin domain 2 is responsible for sugar-binding in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Fibronectin type-II domain mediates collagen-binding.
messages: Highly expressed at day 7 of embryonic development and detected throughout the later stages of embryonic development.
messages: Highly expressed in heart, lung and kidney, but little or no expression in brain, thymus or adult liver. Expressed at highly endothelialized sites such as those in choroid plexus and kidney glomerulai as well as in chondrocytes in cartilaginous regions of the embryo.
messages: Interacts directly with PLAUR/UPAR and PLAU/pro-UPA to form a tri-molecular complex. Interacts with collagen V and with C-terminal region of type I collagen/COL1A1 (By similarity).
messages: May play a role as endocytotic lectin receptor displaying calcium-dependent lectin activity. Internalizes glycosylated ligands from the extracellular space for release in an endosomal compartment via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. May be involved in plasminogen activation system controlling the extracellular level of PLAUR/PLAU, and thus may regulate protease activity at the cell surface. May contribute to cellular uptake, remodeling and degradation of extracellular collagen matrices. May participate in remodeling of extracellular matrix cooperating with the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show impaired mammary tumor growth. Tumors from mice lacking Mrc2 display an abrogation of cellular collagen uptake, a fibrotic state characterized by the accumulation of both basement membrane and interstitial collagens, and an overall tumor size reduction, despite the collagen accumulation. Fibroblasts from mice lacking Mrc2 display a severe impairment of internalization of collagen IV and V and thus, exhibit a general deficiency in uptake and delivery of collagens to vesicular compartments. Fibroblasts also have diminished initial adhesion to collagen as well as impaired migration on fibrillar collagen. Mice with a targeted deletion of Mrc2 exon 2-6 are phenotypically normal, healthy and fertile. This deletion resulted in expression of a protein that lacks the ricin B-type lectin domain, the fibronectin type-II domain and the first C-type lectin domain. Fibroblasts from these mice display C-type lectin activity, but have a defect in collagen-binding and internalization, and an impaired migratory phenotype.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Ricin B-type lectin domain contacts with the second C-type lectin domain.

10090:Sephs2
gene id: 10090:Sephs2
uniprot id: P97364
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the selenophosphate synthase 1 family. Class I subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Synthesizes selenophosphate from selenide and ATP.
messages: Truncated SEPHS2 proteins produced by failed UGA/Sec decoding are ubiquitinated by the CRL2(KLHDC3) complex, which recognizes the glycine (Gly) at the C-terminus of truncated SEPHS2 proteins.

10090:Wfikkn1
gene id: 10090:Wfikkn1
uniprot id: Q8R0S6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the WFIKKN family.
messages: Protease-inhibitor that contains multiple distinct protease inhibitor domains. Probably has serine protease- and metalloprotease-inhibitor activity (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The second BPTI/Kunitz inhibitor domain is able to inhibit trypsin. It has however no activity toward chymotrypsin, elastase, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, lung tryptase, plasma kallikrein, thrombin, urokinase or tissue plasminogen activator (By similarity).

10090:Tmem268
gene id: 10090:Tmem268
uniprot id: Q8R239
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Or8c16
gene id: 10090:Or8c16
uniprot id: Q9EQB2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hmgn3
gene id: 10090:Hmgn3
uniprot id: Q9DCB1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMGN family.
messages: Binds to nucleosomes, regulating chromatin structure and consequently, chromatin-dependent processes such as transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. Affects both insulin and glucagon levels and modulates the expression of pancreatic genes involved in insulin secretion. Regulates the expression of the glucose transporter SLC2A2 by binding specifically to its promoter region and recruiting PDX1 and additional transcription factors. Regulates the expression of SLC6A9, a glycine transporter which regulates the glycine concentration in synaptic junctions in the central nervous system, by binding to its transcription start site. May play a role in ocular development and astrocyte function.
messages: Expressed in the brain, eye, prostate, thyroid, kidney, testis, glial cells and insulin-producing cells of the Langerhans pancreatic islets. In the brain, expressed in the lateral olfactory tract, anterior commissure, corpus callosum, internal capsule, fornix, stria medullans, optic tract, axon bundles, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of the cerebellum. In retina, expressed in the nuclei of cells in the inner nuclear layer including amacrine, bipolar and horizontal neurons and in the nuclei of ganglion neurons. Detected at low levels in the liver.
messages: Interacts with the ligand binding domain of the thyroid receptor (TR) (in vitro). Requires the presence of thyroid hormone for its interaction. Interacts with transcriptional regulator SEHBP. Interacts with nucleosomes.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile. Mice have a mild diabetic phenotype and lower plasma glucagon levels. The overall shape of the islets, the location of the alpha cells in the mantle of the pancreatic islets or proliferation of pancreatic alpha cells are not affected.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transiently expressed in the stroma and endothelium of the cornea at birth. Subsequently expressed in the corneal epithelium and the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers of the retina. The predominant form in developing ocular tissues is isoform 2, although isoform 1 is also detectable.

10090:Chrm1
gene id: 10090:Chrm1
uniprot id: P12657
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily. CHRM1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with GPRASP2 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM147 (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is Pi turnover.

10090:Cox5a
gene id: 10090:Cox5a
uniprot id: P12787
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A family.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (By similarity). Interacts with AFG1L (By similarity). Interacts with RAB5IF (By similarity).
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Lpo
gene id: 10090:Lpo
uniprot id: Q5SW46
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peroxidase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per heterodimer.
messages: Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group covalently per heterodimer.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the colon, including colonocytes and mucin-containing goblet cells (PubMed:22343415, PubMed:34127712). Not detected in the ileum (PubMed:22343415).
messages: Heme-containing oxidoreductase which catalyzes the conversion of thiocyanate (SCN(-)) into antimicrobial agent hypothiocyanous acid (OSCN(-)) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (By similarity). Also involved in the conversion of iodide (I(-)) into hypoiodite (IO(-)) in the presence of H2O2 (By similarity). Responsible for the inactivation of a wide range of micro-organisms and hence, important component of defense mechanism (By similarity). May be implicated in airway host defense against infection (By similarity). May contribute to maintaining an appropriate H2O2 cellular level, therefore protecting cells from H2O2-caused injuries and inflammation (PubMed:34127712).
messages: Knockout mice exhibit inflammation and lesions in the cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive or excretory systems, neuropathology, and tumors, with high incidence.
messages: Secreted
messages: Thiocyanate (SCN(-)) and hypothiocyanite (OSCN(-)) are bound in the distal heme cavity. The iodide ion (I(-)) occupies a position which is stabilized by the interactions with heme moiety, His-224, Arg-370 and Glu-373. Hydrogen peroxide is held between the heme iron and His-224.

10090:Folh1
gene id: 10090:Folh1
uniprot id: O35409
uniprot id: Q0VDM6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. Required for NAALADase activity.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed predominantly in the hippocampal region of the brain and in kidney. Lower levels in the ovary, testis and mandibular gland.
messages: Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides (By similarity). In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: The NAALADase activity is found in the central region, the dipeptidyl peptidase IV type activity in the C-terminal.
messages: The NAALADase and folate hydrolase activities are inhibited by quisqualic acid.
messages: There are amino acid differences between the sequence shown in fig.1 (PubMed:11210180) and the sequence deposited in the database (AF026380). The sequence from fig.1 shows only 3 conflicts between PubMed:11210180 and PubMed:16141072. These are at AA positions 141, 240 and 287.

10090:Bltp3b
gene id: 10090:Bltp3b
uniprot id: A2RSJ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Early endosome
messages: Homodimer (via N-terminus). Associates with the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex. Interacts with GARP complex component VPS52. Interacts (via C-terminal coiled-coil domain) with STX6.
messages: Tube-forming lipid transport protein which mediates the transfer of lipids between membranes at organelle contact sites. Required for retrograde traffic of vesicle clusters in the early endocytic pathway to the Golgi complex.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tubb5
gene id: 10090:Tubb5
uniprot id: P99024
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Heterodimer of alpha and beta chains (By similarity). A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells. Interacts with CIMAP3 (PubMed:20643351). Interacts with DIAPH1 (By similarity). Interacts with MX1 (By similarity). May interact with RNABP10 (PubMed:18347012). Interacts with CFAP157 (PubMed:27965440). Nascent tubulin polypeptide interacts (via beta-tubulin MREI motif) with TTC5/STRAP; this interaction results in tubulin mRNA-targeted degradation (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Results in a perturbation of the cell cycle of neurogenic progenitors as well as an alteration in the position of migrating neurons. There is a decrease in neurons in the cortical plate and an accumulation of cells within the ventricular and intermediate zones.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in spleen, thymus and immature brain. Expressed in embryonic brain, including throughout the developing cortex and in the subventricular zone. Also found in radial glial cells, intermediate progenitors, migrating neurons and postmitotic neurons (PubMed:23246003). Expressed in skin and developing hair follicle (PubMed:26637975).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or2z2
gene id: 10090:Or2z2
uniprot id: Q8VGD8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc44a4
gene id: 10090:Slc44a4
uniprot id: Q3TL93
uniprot id: Q3ULA4
uniprot id: Q91VA1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Choline transporter that plays a role in the choline-acetylcholine system and is required to the efferent innervation of hair cells in the olivocochlear bundle for the maintenance of physiological function of outer hair cells and the protection of hair cells from acoustic injury (By similarity). Also described as a thiamine pyrophosphate transporter in colon, may mediate the absorption of microbiota-generated thiamine pyrophosphate and contribute to host thiamine (vitamin B1) homeostasis (PubMed:24379411).
messages: Choline transporter.
messages: Expressed in colon and cecum.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated; N-glycosylation of Asn-67 and Asn-391 is required for a proper thiamine pyrophosphate uptake.

10090:Dsg2
gene id: 10090:Dsg2
uniprot id: O55111
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Expressed in embryo at 7 to 17 dpc. Expressed uniformly in all 12.5 dpc epithelia, gradually becoming confined to the basal cell layers during.
messages: Expressed in epidermis, heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver skeletal muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: Interacts with PKP2.
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC5 at the plasma membrane.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Mrpl14
gene id: 10090:Mrpl14
uniprot id: Q9D1I6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins. Interacts with MALSU1.
messages: May form part of 2 intersubunit bridges in the assembled ribosome. Upon binding to MALSU1, intersubunit bridge formation is blocked, preventing ribosome formation and repressing translation.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Hdac6
gene id: 10090:Hdac6
uniprot id: Q3UG37
uniprot id: Q9Z2V5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in neurons of the cortex. Expressed in Purkinje cells. Detected in keratinocytes (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with SIRT2 (via both phosphorylated, unphosphorylated, active or inactive forms); the interaction is necessary for the complex to interact with alpha-tubulin (By similarity). Under proteasome impairment conditions, interacts with UBD via its histone deacetylase 1 and UBP-type zinc-finger regions (By similarity). Interacts with BBIP1, CBFA2T3, CYLD, DDIT3/CHOP, ZMYND15, F-actin and HDAC11 (PubMed:11533236, PubMed:19893491, PubMed:20675388). Interacts with RIPOR2; this interaction occurs during early myogenic differentiation and prevents HDAC6 to deacetylate tubulin (By similarity). Interacts with AURKA; AURKA-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC6 promotes deacetylation of alpha-tubulin (By similarity). Interacts with DYSF; this interaction occurs during early myogenic differentiation (By similarity). Interacts with TPPP; inhibiting the tubulin deacetylase activity of HDAC6 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLL1 (By similarity). Interacts with ATP13A2; the interaction results in recruitment of HDAC6 to lysosomes to promote CTTN deacetylation (By similarity). Interacts with CCDC141 (via the N-terminal region); inhibiting the deacetylase activity of HDAC6 (PubMed:27737934). Interacts with IPO7; the interaction facilitates HDAC6 nuclear translocation in dental papilla cells (PubMed:35922041).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated by AURKA; phosphorylation increases HDAC6-mediated deacetylation of alpha-tubulin and subsequent disassembly of cilia.
messages: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (PubMed:9891014). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:9891014). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:9891014). In addition to histones, deacetylates other proteins: plays a central role in microtubule-dependent cell motility by mediating deacetylation of tubulin (PubMed:19893491, PubMed:27737934). Required for cilia disassembly; via deacetylation of alpha-tubulin (By similarity). Promotes deacetylation of CTTN, leading to actin polymerization, promotion of autophagosome-lysosome fusion and completion of autophagy (By similarity). Promotes odontoblast differentiation following IPO7-mediated nuclear import and subsequent repression of RUNX2 expression (PubMed:35922041). In addition to its protein deacetylase activity, plays a key role in the degradation of misfolded proteins: when misfolded proteins are too abundant to be degraded by the chaperone refolding system and the ubiquitin-proteasome, mediates the transport of misfolded proteins to a cytoplasmic juxtanuclear structure called aggresome (By similarity). Probably acts as an adapter that recognizes polyubiquitinated misfolded proteins and target them to the aggresome, facilitating their clearance by autophagy (PubMed:22819792).
messages: Sumoylated in vitro.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Its polyubiquitination however does not lead to its degradation.
messages: axon
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Prss29
gene id: 10090:Prss29
uniprot id: Q99MS4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Expressed in embryos and placenta. Found in uterus especially in glandular epithelium during zona lysis and implantation.
messages: Highly expressed from 6.5 dpc plus deciduum. Also expressed, but to a lower extent, in placenta from 11.5 dpc and 13.5 dpc. Not expressed at 8.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc in embryo proper. Expressed at 4.0 dpc in uterus.
messages: Homooligomer, heterodimer and heterotetramer. Able to form homo- and hetero- tetrameric structures. Heterotetramer is far more stable than the homotetramer.
messages: Involved in embryo hatching and implantation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in uterine endometrial glands following the initiation of embryo implantation. By progesterone.

10090:Krtap20-2
gene id: 10090:Krtap20-2
uniprot id: E9Q0A8
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:G0s2
gene id: 10090:G0s2
uniprot id: Q545U0
uniprot id: Q61585
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Directly interacts with BCL2; this interaction prevents the formation of the anti-apoptotic BAX-BCL2 complex.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Promotes apoptosis by binding to BCL2, hence preventing the formation of protective BCL2-BAX heterodimers.

10090:Lelp1
gene id: 10090:Lelp1
uniprot id: Q9DAE3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.

10090:Tmem67
gene id: 10090:Tmem67
uniprot id: Q8BR76
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A spontaneous deletion of TMEM67 cause the bilateral polycystic kidneys (bpck) phenotype, a disease mimicking human Meckel-Gruber syndrome 3. Homozygous bpck/bpck mice typically manifest bilateral nephropathy with swollen abdomens resulting from grossly enlarged polycystic kidneys and die by 3 week of age. Some mice also develop hydrocephalus, usually detectable within a few days of birth (PubMed:19211713). Additionally, bpck/bpck mice exhibit retinal degeneration and tissue disorganization in the eye, and cochlear defects (PubMed:23393159).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex) (PubMed:21725307). Interacts with DNAJB9, DNAJC10 and mutated SFTPC (By similarity). Interacts with SYNE2 during the early establishment of cell polarity (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with FLNA (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM218 (By similarity). Interacts with WNT5A (By similarity). Interacts with ROR2 (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice die soon after birth. They show multi-organ developmental abnormalities including pulmonary hypoplasia, ventricular septal defects, shortening of the body longitudinal axis, limb abnormalities, and cochlear hair cell stereociliary bundle orientation and basal body/kinocilium positioning defects (PubMed:26035863).
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex which is required for tissue-specific ciliogenesis and may regulate ciliary membrane composition. Involved in centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis. Required for ciliary structure and function, including a role in regulating length and appropriate number through modulating centrosome duplication. Is a key regulator of stereociliary bundle orientation (PubMed:26035863). Required for epithelial cell branching morphology (PubMed:26035863). Essential for endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of surfactant protein C (sftpc). Involved in the negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling, and activation of the non-canonical cascade stimulated by WNT5A (PubMed:26035863). In non-canonical Wnt signaling, it may act as ROR2 coreceptor (PubMed:26035863).
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Vmn1r220
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r220
uniprot id: Q8R272
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Bmp7
gene id: 10090:Bmp7
uniprot id: P23359
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays important role in various biological processes, including embryogenesis, hematopoiesis, neurogenesis and skeletal morphogenesis (PubMed:9013703, PubMed:22461901). Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor ACVR1 and type II receptor ACVR2A. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, ACVR2A phosphorylates and activates ACVR1. In turn, ACVR1 propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. For specific functions such as growth cone collapse in developing spinal neurons and chemotaxis of monocytes, uses also BMPR2 as type II receptor. Can also signal through non-canonical pathways such as P38 MAP kinase signaling cascade that promotes brown adipocyte differentiation through activation of target genes, including members of the SOX family of transcription factors (By similarity). Promotes the expression of HAMP, this is repressed by its interaction with ERFE (PubMed:30097509).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with SOSTDC1 (PubMed:14623234). Interacts with TWSG1 (PubMed:15843411). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) and FBN2 (By similarity). Interacts with type I receptor ACVR1 (By similarity). Interacts with type II receptor ACVR2A (By similarity). Interacts with NOG; this interaction inhibits canonical BMP signaling (By similarity). Interacts with SCUBE3 (By similarity). Interacts with ERFE; the interaction inhibits BMP-induced transcription of HAMP (PubMed:30097509).
messages: Secreted
messages: nullDeltion mutant mice die shortly after birth and display developmental defects in kidney, eye, skull, ribcage, and hind limbs. They also show defects in the development of the axial skeleton from the skull to the tail and the ossification of bones.

10090:Rpl22l1
gene id: 10090:Rpl22l1
uniprot id: Q0VBA4
uniprot id: Q9D7S7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL22 family.

10090:Nherf1
gene id: 10090:Nherf1
uniprot id: P70441
uniprot id: Q3TG37
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed in spermatogenic cells.
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with NHERF2. Binds the N-termini of EZR, RDX and MSN. Binds the C-termini of PDGFRA, PDGFRB, ADRB2 and NOS2. Binds ARHGAP17, EPI64, RACK1, OPRK1, GNAQ, CTNNB1, PLCB3 and CLCN3. Forms a complex with CFTR and SLC4A7. Forms a complex with SLC4A7 and ATP6V1B1 (By similarity). Binds PDZK1. Binds the C-terminus of PAG1. In resting T-cells, part of a PAG1-NHERF1-MSN complex which is disrupted upon TCR activation. Directly interacts with HTR4. Interacts with MCC (By similarity). Interacts with TRPC4 (via the PDZ-binding domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via the PDZ 1 domain) with PODXL (via the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif DTHL); interaction is not detected in glomerular epithelium cells (By similarity). Interacts (via the PDZ 1 domain) with PODXL (via the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif DTHL); the interaction take place early in the secretory pathway and is necessary for its apical membrane sorting (By similarity). Interacts with SLC34A1 (By similarity). Interacts with CFTR, SLC26A3 and SLC26A6. Interacts (via PDZ domains) with ACE2 (via PDZ-binding motif); the interaction may enhance ACE2 membrane residence (By similarity).
messages: Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression.
messages: Scaffold protein that connects plasma membrane proteins with members of the ezrin/moesin/radixin family and thereby helps to link them to the actin cytoskeleton and to regulate their surface expression. Necessary for recycling of internalized ADRB2. Was first known to play a role in the regulation of the activity and subcellular location of SLC9A3. Necessary for cAMP-mediated phosphorylation and inhibition of SLC9A3. May enhance Wnt signaling (By similarity). May participate in HTR4 targeting to microvilli. Involved in the regulation of phosphate reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules (By similarity). Involved in sperm capacitation. May participate in the regulation of the chloride and bicarbonate homeostasis in spermatozoa.
messages: filopodium
messages: microvillus
messages: ruffle

10090:Zscan12
gene id: 10090:Zscan12
uniprot id: Q6ZQB8
uniprot id: Q8C6D3
uniprot id: Q9Z1D7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis specific.

10090:Tprn
gene id: 10090:Tprn
uniprot id: A2AI08
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the taperin family.
messages: Expressed in the sensory epithelia of the organ of Corti and vestibular end organs and, to a lesser extent, in Reisner's membrane and the spiral ligament (at protein level). At postnatal day 2, expression is detected in cochlea, liver, brain, kidney, heart and lung.
messages: stereocilium

10090:Tlr7
gene id: 10090:Tlr7
uniprot id: P58681
uniprot id: Q548J0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by guanosine analogs including deoxyguanosine, 7-thia-8-oxoguanosine or 7-deazaguanosine in a RNA-independent manner.
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Contains two binding domains, first site for small ligands and second site for ssRNA.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosomal receptor that plays a key role in innate and adaptive immunity. Controls host immune response against pathogens through recognition of uridine-containing single strand RNAs (ssRNAs) of viral origin or guanosine analogs (PubMed:21402738). Upon binding to agonists, undergoes dimerization that brings TIR domains from the two molecules into direct contact, leading to the recruitment of TIR-containing downstream adapter MYD88 through homotypic interaction. In turn, the Myddosome signaling complex is formed involving IRAK4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TRAF3 leading to activation of downstream transcription factors NF-kappa-B and IRF7 to induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferons, respectively (PubMed:14976261) (By similarity).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains (Probable). Interacts with UNC93B1 (PubMed:17452530). Interacts with SMPDL3B (PubMed:26095358).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: The first cleavage is performed by asparagine endopeptidase or cathepsin family members. This initial cleavage event is followed by a trimming event that is solely cathepsin mediated and required for optimal receptor signaling.
messages: phagosome

10090:Cntn1
gene id: 10090:Cntn1
uniprot id: P12960
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Contactin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contactins mediate cell surface interactions during nervous system development. Involved in the formation of paranodal axo-glial junctions in myelinated peripheral nerves and in the signaling between axons and myelinating glial cells via its association with CNTNAP1. Participates in oligodendrocytes generation by acting as a ligand of NOTCH1. Its association with NOTCH1 promotes NOTCH1 activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Interaction with TNR induces a repulsion of neurons and an inhibition of neurite outgrowth.
messages: Expressed in the ovary and in Sertoli cells of the testis.
messages: F3 shares with L1, N-CAM, MAG, and other cell adhesion molecules from nervous tissue the L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with CNTNAP1 in cis form (By similarity). Binds to the carbonic-anhydrase like domain of PTPRZ1 (PubMed:20133774). Interacts with NOTCH1 and TNR (PubMed:7678967, PubMed:14567914). Detected in a complex with NRCAM and PTPRB (PubMed:11564762). Interacts with TASOR (PubMed:31112734).

10090:Vdac2
gene id: 10090:Vdac2
uniprot id: Q60930
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic mitochondrial porin family.
messages: Consists mainly of a membrane-spanning beta-barrel formed by 19 beta-strands.
messages: Forms a channel through the mitochondrial outer membrane that allows diffusion of small hydrophilic molecules (By similarity). The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30-40 mV (By similarity). The open state has a weak anion selectivity whereas the closed state is cation-selective (By similarity). Binds various lipids, including the sphingolipid ceramide, the phospholipid phosphatidylcholine, and the sterol cholesterol (By similarity). Binding of ceramide promotes the Binding of ceramide promotes the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) apoptotic pathway (By similarity).
messages: Highest levels of expression detected in testis, less but still abundant expression in heart, kidney, brain, and skeletal muscle (PubMed:8660977). Expressed in the sperm midpiece (at protein level) (PubMed:33087875).
messages: Interacts with hexokinases (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC12 in a TBC1D21-dependent manner (PubMed:33536340). Interacts with KLC3 (PubMed:22561200). Interacts with SPATA33 (PubMed:34446558, PubMed:33087875). Interacts with PPP3CC in a SPATA33-dependent manner (PubMed:34446558).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30.

10090:Atp8b2
gene id: 10090:Atp8b2
uniprot id: E9QAL4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pip4k2a
gene id: 10090:Pip4k2a
uniprot id: O70172
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns5P) on the fourth hydroxyl of the myo-inositol ring, to form phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). Has both ATP- and GTP-dependent kinase activities. May exert its function by regulating the levels of PtdIns5P, which functions in the cytosol by increasing AKT activity and in the nucleus signals through ING2 (By similarity). May regulate the pool of cytosolic PtdIns5P in response to the activation of tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity). Required for lysosome-peroxisome membrane contacts and intracellular cholesterol transport through modulating peroxisomal PtdIns(4,5)P2 level (By similarity). In collaboration with PIP4K2B, has a role in mediating autophagy in times of nutrient stress (PubMed:29727621). Required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion and the regulation of cellular lipid metabolism (PubMed:29727621). Negatively regulates insulin signaling through a catalytic-independent mechanism. PIP4Ks interact with PIP5Ks and suppress PIP5K-mediated PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis and insulin-dependent conversion to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (By similarity). May be involved in thrombopoiesis, and the terminal maturation of megakaryocytes and regulation of their size (PubMed:16434494).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in rod photoreceptor cells.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PIP4K2B; the interaction may regulate localization to the nucleus (By similarity). Probably interacts with PIP5K1A; the interaction inhibits PIP5K1A kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: In rod outer segments, activated by light.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in tyrosines. Phosphorylation is induced by light and increases kinase activity.
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:H2-M10.1
gene id: 10090:H2-M10.1
uniprot id: O19443
uniprot id: Q860W7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ticam1
gene id: 10090:Ticam1
uniprot id: Q80UF7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Found in a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex at least composed of DHX36, DDX1, DDX21 and TICAM1; this complex exists in resting cells with or without poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation (PubMed:21703541). Interacts (via TIR domain) with DDX21 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:21703541). Interacts (via TIR domain) with DHX36 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:21703541). Interacts with AZI2 and IRF7 (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with IRF3; following activation and phosphorylation on the pLxIS motif by TBK1, recruits IRF3 (By similarity). Interacts with TICAM2 in TLR4 recruitment (By similarity). Interaction with PIAS4 inhibits the TICAM1-induced NF-kappa-B, IRF and IFNB1 activation (By similarity). Interacts with IKBKB and IKBKE (By similarity). Interaction with SARM1 blocks TICAM1-dependent transcription factor activation (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF3. Interacts with TRAFD1. Interacts with UBQLN1 (via UBA domain). Interacts with TBK1, TRAF6 and RIPK1 and these interactions are enhanced in the presence of WDFY1 (By similarity). Interacts (via the TIR domain) with TLR3 in response to poly(I:C) and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of WDFY1 (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with TLR4 in response to poly(I:C) in a WDFY1-dependent manner (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with WDFY1 in response to poly(I:C) (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with TRIM56 (By similarity). Interacts (via the TIR domain) with TLR5 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM8 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in innate immunity against invading pathogens. Adapter used by TLR3, TLR4 (through TICAM2) and TLR5 to mediate NF-kappa-B and interferon-regulatory factor (IRF) activation, and to induce apoptosis (PubMed:12855817, PubMed:16002681, PubMed:21703541). Ligand binding to these receptors results in TRIF recruitment through its TIR domain (PubMed:12855817, PubMed:16002681, PubMed:21703541). Distinct protein-interaction motifs allow recruitment of the effector proteins TBK1, TRAF6 and RIPK1, which in turn, lead to the activation of transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7, NF-kappa-B and FADD respectively (PubMed:12855817, PubMed:16002681, PubMed:21703541). Phosphorylation by TBK1 on the pLxIS motif leads to recruitment and subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce expression of type I interferon and exert a potent immunity against invading pathogens (By similarity). Component of a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:21703541).
messages: Mice are viable but exhibit abnormalities of the innate immune system.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylated by TBK1. Following activation, phosphorylated by TBK1 at Ser-209 in the pLxIS motif. The phosphorylated pLxIS motif constitutes an IRF3-binding motif, leading to recruitment of the transcription factor IRF3 to induce type-I interferons and other cytokines.
messages: Polyubiquitinated at Lys-228 by TRIM38 with 'Lys-48'-linked chains, leading to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:26392463). Polyubiquitinated with 'Lys-6'- and 'Lys-33'-linked chains in a TRIM8-dependent manner; ubiquitination disrupts the interaction with TBK1 and subsequent interferon production (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal domain (TRIF-NTD) is globular and consists of two alpha-helical subdomains connected by a 14-residue linker. It shares structural similarity with IFIT family members N-terminal regions.
messages: The N-terminal region is essential for activation of the IFNB promoter activity.
messages: The pLxIS motif constitutes an IRF3-binding motif: following phosphorylation by TBK1, the phosphorylated pLxIS motif of TICAM1 recruits IRF3. IRF3 is then phosphorylated and activated by TBK1 to induce type-I interferons and other cytokines.
messages: autophagosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Nop56
gene id: 10090:Nop56
uniprot id: Q9D6Z1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NOP5/NOP56 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in the early to middle stages of 60S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Core component of box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) particles. Required for the biogenesis of box C/D snoRNAs such U3, U8 and U14 snoRNAs. Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome.
messages: Part of a large pre-ribosomal ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex, that consists of at least 62 ribosomal proteins, 45 nonribosomal proteins and both pre-rRNA and mature rRNA species. Within this complex directly interacts with TCOF1 in an RNA-independent manner. Core component of box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) particles; the core proteins SNU13, NOP56, NOP58 and FBL assemble stepwise onto the snoRNA. Interacts with NOP1 and NOP58. Interacts with NUFIP1, RUVBL1 and RUVBL2; RUVBL1:RUVBL2 seem to bridge the association of NOP56 with NUFIP1. Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in the central nervous system (CNS), including cerebral cortex and cerebellum, and spleen. In the CNS, expressed in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, as well as in motor neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus and in the spinal cord anterior horn (at protein level).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Jund
gene id: 10090:Jund
uniprot id: P15066
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Jun subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA via bZIP domain; DNA-binding is under control of cellular redox homeostasis (in vitro) (By similarity). To enable DNA binding, the bZIP domain must undergo a conformational rearrangement which requires the reduction of the interchain disulfide bond between FosB and JunD (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Brain and kidney.
messages: Heterodimer; binds DNA as a heterodimer (By similarity). Component of an AP-1 transcription factor complex composed of JUN-FOS heterodimers (By similarity). As part of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, forms heterodimers with FOS proteins, thereby binding to the AP-1 consensus sequence and stimulating transcription (By similarity). Forms heterodimers with FOSB; thereby binding to the AP-1 consensus sequence (By similarity). Interacts (via MBM motif) with MEN1; this interaction represses transcriptional activation (PubMed:9989505). Interacts with MAPK10; this interaction is inhibited in the presence of MEN1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by MAP kinases MAPK8 and MAPK10; phosphorylation is inhibited in the presence of MEN1.
messages: Transcription factor binding AP-1 sites (By similarity). Heterodimerizes with proteins of the FOS family to form an AP-1 transcription factor complex, thereby enhancing its DNA binding activity to an AP-1 consensus sequence 3'-TGA[GC]TCA-5' and enhancing its transcriptional activity (By similarity).

10090:Anxa1
gene id: 10090:Anxa1
uniprot id: P10107
uniprot id: Q4FJV4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in lung (PubMed:12475898, PubMed:17384087). Detected at the apical membrane of airway epithelial cells (PubMed:17384087). Detected in intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:18802107). Detected in skeletal muscle (PubMed:14506282). Detected in prostate (PubMed:23727357). Detected in thymus (at protein level) (PubMed:12475898). Detected in stomach, lung, spleen, ovary and uterus, and at lower levels in kidney, thymus and heart (PubMed:12475898).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Functions at least in part by activating the formyl peptide receptors and downstream signaling cascades. Promotes chemotaxis of granulocytes and monocytes via activation of the formyl peptide receptors. Promotes rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarization and cell migration. Promotes resolution of inflammation and wound healing. Acts via neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptors to enhance the release of CXCL2.
messages: Homodimer; non-covalently linked (By similarity). Homodimer; linked by transglutamylation. Homodimers linked by transglutamylation are observed in placenta, but not in other tissues. Interacts with S100A11. Heterotetramer, formed by two molecules each of S100A11 and ANXA1 (By similarity). Interacts with DYSF (PubMed:14506282). Interacts with EGFR (By similarity).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, appear healthy and are fertile, but tend to die already after about one year. Mutant mice display an increased inflammatory response during zymosan-induced peritonitis, with increased blood leukocyte migration and increased production of IL1B. In mutant mice, glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of the early phase of the inflammatory response is abolished, but there is no effect on glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of later phases of the inflammatory response. Peritoneal lavage macrophages from mutant mice display decreased phagocytosis. Besides, glucocorticoid-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis is abolished (PubMed:12475898). Mutant mice display increased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis with increased mucosal injury, slower recovery and increased morbidity (PubMed:18802107). Mutant mice have an exacerbated allergic response after exposure to ovalbumin (PubMed:17948261). T-cells from mutant mice show skewed differentiation into Th1 and Th2 cells with increased differentiation into Th2 cells and decreased differentiation into Th1 cells (PubMed:17948261).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by protein kinase C, EGFR and TRPM7. Phosphorylated in response to EGF treatment.
messages: Plays important roles in the innate immune response as effector of glucocorticoid-mediated responses and regulator of the inflammatory process. Has anti-inflammatory activity (PubMed:12475898). Plays a role in glucocorticoid-mediated down-regulation of the early phase of the inflammatory response (PubMed:12475898). Contributes to the adaptive immune response by enhancing signaling cascades that are triggered by T-cell activation, regulates differentiation and proliferation of activated T-cells (PubMed:17948261). Promotes the differentiation of T-cells into Th1 cells and negatively regulates differentiation into Th2 cells (PubMed:17948261). Has no effect on unstimulated T-cells. Negatively regulates hormone exocytosis via activation of the formyl peptide receptors and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). Has high affinity for Ca(2+) and can bind up to eight Ca(2+) ions (By similarity). Displays Ca(2+)-dependent binding to phospholipid membranes (By similarity). Plays a role in the formation of phagocytic cups and phagosomes (PubMed:21245195). Plays a role in phagocytosis by mediating the Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between phagosomes and the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:21245195).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by cathepsin CTSG to release the active N-terminal peptide Ac2-26.
messages: Secreted
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: The full-length protein can bind eight Ca(2+) ions via the annexin repeats. Calcium binding causes a major conformation change that modifies dimer contacts and leads to surface exposure of the N-terminal phosphorylation sites; in the absence of Ca(2+), these sites are buried in the interior of the protein core. The N-terminal region becomes disordered in response to calcium-binding.
messages: Up-regulated by the synthetic glucocorticoid fluocinolone acetonide.
messages: Was originally identified as calcium and phospholipid binding protein that displays Ca(2+)-dependent binding to phospholipid membranes and can promote membrane aggregation in vitro. Was initially identified as inhibitor of phospholipase A2 activity (in vitro). Inhibition of phospholipase activity is mediated via its phospholipid binding activity that limits the access of phospholipase to its substrates.
messages: cilium
messages: extracellular exosome
messages: extracellular space
messages: phagocytic cup
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Nexmif
gene id: 10090:Nexmif
uniprot id: Q5DTT1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the brain, particularly during the late embryonic and perinatal stages of development (PubMed:22531377). In the developing brain, it is expressed only in the cortical plate and subplate region but not in the intermediate or ventricular zone (PubMed:27822498).
messages: Involved in neurite outgrowth by regulating cell-cell adhesion via the N-cadherin signaling pathway. May act by regulating expression of protein-coding genes, such as N-cadherins and integrin beta-1 (ITGB1).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed in brain by postmitotic neurons from early development through early adulthood.

10090:Serpinb9e
gene id: 10090:Serpinb9e
uniprot id: O08806
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.

10090:Agrp
gene id: 10090:Agrp
uniprot id: P56473
uniprot id: Q3UU47
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in arcuate nucleus and median eminence, adrenal gland (medulla), hypothalamus, testis, and lung.
messages: Golgi apparatus lumen
messages: Hypothalamic expression is elevated circa 10-fold in ob/ob and db/db mice.
messages: Interacts with melanocortin receptors MC3R, MC4R and MC5R.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Plays a role in weight homeostasis. Involved in the control of feeding behavior through the central melanocortin system. Acts as alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone antagonist by inhibiting cAMP production mediated by stimulation of melanocortin receptors within the hypothalamus and adrenal gland. Has very low activity with MC5R. Is an inverse agonist for MC3R and MC4R being able to suppress their constitutive activity (By similarity). It promotes MC3R and MC4R endocytosis in an arrestin-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot' structurally defines this protein as a knottin.

10090:Arf5
gene id: 10090:Arf5
uniprot id: P84084
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (when activated) with GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3; the interaction is required for proper subcellular location of GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3 (PubMed:11950392). Binds ASAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with NCS1/FREQ at the Golgi complex. Interacts with RAB11FIP3 and RAB11FIP4 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Gga2
gene id: 10090:Gga2
uniprot id: Q6P5E6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GGA protein family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with NECAP1, TSG101, UBC and AFTPH/aftiphilin. Interacts with CNST (PubMed:19864490). Interacts with GGA1 and GGA3 (By similarity). Binds to clathrin and activated ARFs, such as ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6 (PubMed:11950392). Binds RABEP1 and RABGEF1. Interacts with the type-I membrane proteins LRP3, M6PR/CD-MPR, IGF2R/CI-MPR and BACE1. Interacts (via N-terminal VHS domain) with SORL1/sorLA and SORT1 (via C-terminal cytosolic domain) (By similarity). Binds the accessory proteins CCDC91, P200, SYNRG, EPN4 and NECAP2. Interacts with ADRA2B. Interacts (via VHS domain) with PIK4B; the interaction is important for PIK4B location at the Golgi apparatus membrane (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (DXXLL) motif. Mediates export of the GPCR receptor ADRA2B to the cell surface. Regulates retrograde transport of phosphorylated form of BACE1 from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network.
messages: The GAE domain binds accessory proteins regulating GGAs function.
messages: The GAT domain is responsible for interaction with ARF-GTP, UBC and RABEP1. Required for recruitment to the TGN it prevents ARF-GTP hydrolysis.
messages: The VHS domain functions as a recognition module for sorting signals composed of an acidic cluster followed by two leucines (DXXLL motif).
messages: The unstructured hinge region contains clathrin-binding but no autoinhibitory (DXXLL) motifs.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Gm19668
gene id: 10090:Gm19668
uniprot id: J3QMD1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMG family.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Pcdhb6
gene id: 10090:Pcdhb6
uniprot id: Q91XZ4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cadherin 1 to cadherin 4 domains mediate homophilic trans-interaction, the interaction with an identical protocadherin expressed by a neighboring cell (PubMed:27161523). This is a head-to-tail interaction, the cadherin 1 domain interacting with the cadherin 4 domain and the cadherin 2 domain interacting the cadherin 3 domain of the other protocadherin (PubMed:27161523). The cadherin 6 domain mediates promiscuous interactions with protocadherins on the same cell membrane (PubMed:27161523). Each cadherin domain binds three calcium ions (PubMed:27161523).
messages: Calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein involved in cells self-recognition and non-self discrimination (PubMed:27161523). Thereby, it is involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain (PubMed:27161523).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms homodimers in trans (molecules expressed by two different cells). Forms promiscuous heterodimers in cis (at the plasma membrane of the same cell) with other protocadherins.

10090:Gm20891
gene id: 10090:Gm20891
uniprot id: Q9D9T3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Adgrf2
gene id: 10090:Adgrf2
uniprot id: A0A668KM90
uniprot id: E9Q4J9
uniprot id: Q3UQ38
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Expressed during embryonic development in the skin starting at embryonic day 12 with the formation of the basal layer of the skin.
messages: Mainly expressed in skin and heart, and very weakly in lung and spleen. Detected in all epidermal layers of skin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Most adhesion GPCRs undergo autoproteolysis at the GPS domain. ADGRF2 is not autoproteolyzed at the GPS motif because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence within GPS domain.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Tent5a
gene id: 10090:Tent5a
uniprot id: A0A087WS27
uniprot id: D3Z5S8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TENT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic non-canonical poly(A) RNA polymerase that catalyzes the transfer of one adenosine molecule from an ATP to an mRNA poly(A) tail bearing a 3'-OH terminal group and participates in the cytoplasmic polyadenylation (PubMed:33882302). Polyadenylates mRNA encoding extracellular matrix constituents and other genes crucial for bone mineralization and during osteoblast mineralization, mainly focuses on ER-targeted mRNAs (PubMed:33882302, PubMed:26803617).
messages: Expressed in primary osteoblasts derived from neonatal calvaria and osteocytes (PubMed:33882302). Strongly expressed in calvaria and femur (PubMed:26803617).
messages: Highly expressed in the dental sheet, oral epithelium, and mesenchyme at 12.5 dpc; in the tooth germ bud, ectomesenchyme and oral epithelium at 13.5 dpc; and in the dental papilla and dental epithelium at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Homozygous mice lacking Tent5a have slightly decreased survival, probably due to perinatal or embryonic lethality, since the effect is already visible at postnatal day 6 (P6). Mutant mice have an abnormal posture with frequent kyphosis and a wavy tail. Mutant mice exhibit frequent bone fractures and newborn mice reveal rib fractures. Adult mutant mice show decreased cartilage ossification of the tail.
messages: Increased during osteoblast differentiation.

10090:Or2q1
gene id: 10090:Or2q1
uniprot id: Q8VF81
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hoxa4
gene id: 10090:Hoxa4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J193
uniprot id: P06798
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. Deformed subfamily.
messages: During development of the prepuberal testis high levels of HOXA4 transcripts were found at days 17, 24 and 30. The first day of HOXA4 expression was day 14. The activation of the HOXA4 gene in male germ cells seems to occur at the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase and its level of expression is stage-specific during embryogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Overexpression results in abnormal gut development (megacolon).
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds to sites in the 5'-flanking sequence of its coding region with various affinities. The consensus sequences of the high and low affinity binding sites are 5'-TAATGA[CG]-3' and 5'-CTAATTTT-3'.

10090:Glrx2
gene id: 10090:Glrx2
uniprot id: Q923X4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family.
messages: During development, it is expressed at highest level at 11 dpc.
messages: Glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that facilitates the maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis upon induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress. Involved in response to hydrogen peroxide and regulation of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. Acts as a very efficient catalyst of monothiol reactions because of its high affinity for protein glutathione-mixed disulfides. Can receive electrons not only from glutathione (GSH), but also from thioredoxin reductase supporting both monothiol and dithiol reactions. Efficiently catalyzes both glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of mitochondrial complex I, which in turn regulates the superoxide production by the complex. Overexpression decreases the susceptibility to apoptosis and prevents loss of cardiolipin and cytochrome c release.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer; active form. Homodimer; inactive form. The homodimer is probably linked by 1 2Fe-2S cluster (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 2Fe-2S present in the homodimer leads to inactivation of the enzyme. The 2Fe-2S may serve as a redox sensor: the presence of one-electron oxidants or reductants leading to the loss of the 2Fe-2S cluster, subsequent monomerization and activation of the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in testis, and at much lower level in kidney and brain.

10090:Pbx3
gene id: 10090:Pbx3
uniprot id: O35317
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TALE/PBX homeobox family.
messages: Interacts with PBXIP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator that binds the sequence 5'-ATCAATCAA-3'.

10090:Vwa5b2
gene id: 10090:Vwa5b2
uniprot id: Q3UR50
names: Sequence Caution
messages: Probable cloning artifact.

10090:Gmfg
gene id: 10090:Gmfg
uniprot id: A7VJA4
uniprot id: D3YY16
uniprot id: Q9ERL7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. GMF subfamily.

10090:Gm6902
gene id: 10090:Gm6902
uniprot id: Q3UTA8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.

10090:Or6c70
gene id: 10090:Or6c70
uniprot id: Q7TRH4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcdh12
gene id: 10090:Pcdh12
uniprot id: O55134
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cellular adhesion molecule that may play an important role in cell-cell interactions at interendothelial junctions (PubMed:9651350). Acts as a regulator of cell migration, probably via increasing cell-cell adhesion (By similarity). Promotes homotypic calcium-dependent aggregation and adhesion and clusters at intercellular junctions (PubMed:9651350). Unable to bind to catenins, weakly associates with the cytoskeleton (PubMed:9651350).
messages: Cleaved by ADAM10 close to the transmembrane domain to release the Protocadherin-12, secreted form in the serum. Cleavage results in reduced cellular adhesion in a cell migration assay.
messages: Expressed in endothelial cells: localizes in vasculogenic rather than angiogenic endothelium (PubMed:9651350, PubMed:15541725). Strongly expressed in a subset of invasive cells of the placenta, named glycogen-rich trophoblasts cells (at protein level) (PubMed:15541725). glycogen-rich trophoblasts cells originate from the from the ectoplacental cone where they rapidly form tight islets (at protein level) (PubMed:16269175). In adult mice, present at high level in mesangial cells of kidney glomeruli, while expression was not detected in other types of perivascular cells (PubMed:15541725).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile (PubMed:15541725, PubMed:18477666). Mice however show alterations in placental development that result in embryonic growth retardation: placentas are smaller and show limited angiogenesis and mis-segregation of the labyrinthine and intermediate layers (PubMed:18477666). Mice also display modifications in the structure and function of arteries, such as rearrangement of the arterial wall elastic fibers (PubMed:22205043).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rai1
gene id: 10090:Rai1
uniprot id: Q61818
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in all tissues examined with strong expression in the thymus and brain. Expressed in epithelial cells involved in organogenesis. No expression was seen in the corpus callosum of the brain.
messages: Haploinsufficiency cause obesity and craniofacial abnormalities. Homozygous mice die during gastrulation and organogenesis. The few surviving mice experienced postnatal growth retardation and most of them died before weaning.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator of the circadian clock components: CLOCK, BMAL1, BMAL2, PER1/3, CRY1/2, NR1D1/2 and RORA/C. Positively regulates the transcriptional activity of CLOCK a core component of the circadian clock. Regulates transcription through chromatin remodeling by interacting with other proteins in chromatin as well as proteins in the basic transcriptional machinery. May be important for embryonic and postnatal development. May be involved in neuronal differentiation.

10090:Antxrl
gene id: 10090:Antxrl
uniprot id: A0A2U7XVH6
uniprot id: Q8BVM2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATR family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nhs
gene id: 10090:Nhs
uniprot id: B1AV60
uniprot id: B9EJX2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NHS family.

10090:Fan1
gene id: 10090:Fan1
uniprot id: Q69ZT1
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAN1 family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Interacts with FANCD2 (when monoubiquitinated). Interacts with FANCI, MLH1, MLH3 and PMS2.
messages: Nuclease required for the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL) recruited at sites of DNA damage by monoubiquitinated FANCD2. Specifically involved in repair of ICL-induced DNA breaks by being required for efficient homologous recombination, probably in the resolution of homologous recombination intermediates (By similarity). Not involved in DNA double-strand breaks resection. Acts as a 5'-3' exonuclease that anchors at a cut end of DNA and cleaves DNA successively at every third nucleotide, allowing to excise an ICL from one strand through flanking incisions (PubMed:24981866). Probably keeps excising with 3'-flap annealing until it reaches and unhooks the ICL. Acts at sites that have a 5'-terminal phosphate anchor at a nick or a 1- or 2-nucleotide flap and is augmented by a 3' flap (By similarity). Also has endonuclease activity toward 5'-flaps (PubMed:24981866).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The KEN box and D-box are required for interaction with FZR1/CDH1 and essential for APC(CDH1)-mediated ubiquitination.
messages: The UBZ4-type zinc finger specifically binds monoubiquitinated FANCD2.
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded during mitotic exit by the APC/C-Cdh1 complex.

10090:Fam205a1
gene id: 10090:Fam205a1
uniprot id: D3YZF6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPATA31 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Arih2
gene id: 10090:Arih2
uniprot id: Q9Z1K6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoinhibited by the ariadne domain, which masks the second RING-type zinc finger that contains the active site and inhibits the E3 activity (By similarity). Inhibition is relieved upon binding to neddylated cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes, which activate the E3 ligase activity of ARIH1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the RBR family. Ariadne subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, which catalyzes ubiquitination of target proteins together with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 UBE2L3 (By similarity). Acts as an atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase by working together with cullin-5-RING ubiquitin ligase complex (ECS complex, also named CRL5 complex) and initiating ubiquitination of ECS substrates: associates with ECS complex and specifically mediates addition of the first ubiquitin on ECS targets (By similarity). The initial ubiquitin is then elongated (By similarity). E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is activated upon binding to neddylated form of the ECS complex. Mediates 'Lys-6', 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. May play a role in myelopoiesis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via RING-type zinc finger 1) with UBE2L3. Interacts (via RING-type zinc finger 2) with UBE2N. Interacts with neddylated CUL5. Interacts (via RING-type 2) with GFI1B. Interacts with GFI1; prevents its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Interacts with DCUN1D1 (via UBA-like domain); promotes DCUN1D1 ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Members of the RBR family are atypical E3 ligases. They interact with the E2 conjugating enzyme UBE2L3 and function like HECT-type E3 enzymes: they bind E2s via the first RING-type zinc finger, but require an obligate trans-thiolation step during the ubiquitin transfer, requiring a conserved active site Cys residue in the second RING-type zinc finger. The active site probably forms a thioester intermediate with ubiquitin taken from the active-site cysteine of the E2 before ultimately transferring it to a Lys residue on the substrate.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The Ariadne domain inhibits activity by masking the second RING-type zinc finger that contains the active site.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination promotes proteasomal degradation.

10090:Mc2r
gene id: 10090:Mc2r
uniprot id: Q544P9
uniprot id: Q64326
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with MRAP; increasing ligand-sensitivity and generation of cAMP. Interacts with MRAP2; competing with MRAP for binding to MC2R and impairing the binding of corticotropin (ACTH) (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with MRAP; increasing ligand-sensitivity and generation of cAMP. Interacts with MRAP2; competing with MRAP for binding to MC2R and impairing the binding of corticotropin (ACTH).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for corticotropin (ACTH). This receptor is mediated by G proteins (G(s)) which activate adenylate cyclase (cAMP).

10090:Gon7
gene id: 10090:Gon7
uniprot id: P0C8B4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least GON7, TP53RK, TPRKB, OSGEP and LAGE3; the whole complex dimerizes.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. GON7 plays a supporting role to the catalytic subunit OSGEP in the complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Smpd5
gene id: 10090:Smpd5
uniprot id: D6MZJ6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by anionic phospholipids, specially cardiolipin and phosphatidylserine.
messages: Belongs to the neutral sphingomyelinase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of membrane sphingomyelin to form phosphorylcholine and ceramide.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in testis, pancreas, epididymis, and brain.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Id1
gene id: 10090:Id1
uniprot id: Q6GTZ3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nptn
gene id: 10090:Nptn
uniprot id: P97300
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ATP2B1; this interaction stabilizes ATP2B1 and increases ATPase activity; this interaction controls T cell calcium homeostasis following T cell activation (PubMed:28827723). Interacts with XKR8; promoting its localization at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are widely expressed with variable levels in brain. Isoform 1 is expressed in cerebellum and midbrain. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Isoform 2 is more abundant in the cerebral cortex than isoform 1.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Probable homophilic and heterophilic cell adhesion molecule involved in long term potentiation at hippocampal excitatory synapses through activation of p38MAPK. May also regulate neurite outgrowth by activating the FGFR1 signaling pathway. May play a role in synaptic plasticity (By similarity). Also acts as a chaperone for ATP2B1; stabilizes ATP2B1 and increases its ATPase activity. Promotes localization of XKR8 at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: Some isoforms lack the first Ig-like domain which may confer homophilic adhesion activity. However, they can bind and activate FGFR1 (By similarity).

10090:Kcnk16
gene id: 10090:Kcnk16
uniprot id: G5E845
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Or10a5
gene id: 10090:Or10a5
uniprot id: Q920G5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Defb21
gene id: 10090:Defb21
uniprot id: Q8C5Z4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Xrn2
gene id: 10090:Xrn2
uniprot id: Q9DBR1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family. XRN2/RAT1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the spleen, testis, heart, brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney.
messages: Interacts with POLR2A and SMN1/SMN2. Interacts with CDKN2AIP and NKRF. Interacts with CDKN2AIPNL; the interaction is direct. Interacts with TRIM71 (via NHL repeats) in an RNA-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with DHX34; the interaction is RNA-independent (By similarity).
messages: May result from the retention of an intron in the cDNA.
messages: Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. May promote the termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II. During transcription termination, cleavage at the polyadenylation site liberates a 5' fragment which is subsequently processed to form the mature mRNA and a 3' fragment which remains attached to the elongating polymerase. The processive degradation of this 3' fragment by this protein may promote termination of transcription. Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAp II) transcription termination R-loops formed by G-rich pause sites (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tmem204
gene id: 10090:Tmem204
uniprot id: Q7TQI0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Can influence paracellular permeability. Appears to be involved in cell-cell interactions through adherens (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: adherens junction

10090:Cabp7
gene id: 10090:Cabp7
uniprot id: Q91ZM8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with PI4KB. This binding competes with FREQ/NCS1 binding in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Negatively regulates Golgi-to-plasma membrane trafficking by interacting with PI4KB and inhibiting its activity.
messages: The C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) is necessary and sufficient for membrane targeting.
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Haus5
gene id: 10090:Haus5
uniprot id: Q9D786
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HAUS5 family.
messages: Component of the HAUS augmin-like complex. The complex interacts with the gamma-tubulin ring complex and this interaction is required for spindle assembly (By similarity). Interacts with EML3 (phosphorylated at 'Thr-882') (By similarity).
messages: Contributes to mitotic spindle assembly, maintenance of centrosome integrity and completion of cytokinesis as part of the HAUS augmin-like complex.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Pcf11
gene id: 10090:Pcf11
uniprot id: G3X9Z4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the phosphorylated CTD domain of POLR2A /RNA polymerase II.
messages: Component of pre-mRNA cleavage complex II, which promotes transcription termination by RNA polymerase II.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-120 and/or Thr-121 by WNK1 weakens its association with POLR2A/RNA polymerase II, promoting transcript release from the chromatin template and mRNA export to the cytoplasm.

10090:Grin2c
gene id: 10090:Grin2c
uniprot id: A2A6S2
uniprot id: Q01098
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A hydrophobic region that gives rise to the prediction of a transmembrane span does not cross the membrane, but is part of a discontinuously helical region that dips into the membrane and is probably part of the pore and of the selectivity filter.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR2C/GRIN2C subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+) (PubMed:1377365). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (PubMed:1377365). Plays a role in regulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity of pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PubMed:27922130). Contributes to the slow phase of excitatory postsynaptic current, long-term synaptic potentiation, and learning (PubMed:8987814).
messages: Detected in cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:8987814). Detected in the granule cell layer of the cerebellum (PubMed:1377365).
messages: Heterotetramer. Forms heterotetrameric channels composed of two zeta subunits (GRIN1), and two epsilon subunits (GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C or GRIN2D) (in vitro) (PubMed:1377365). Can also form heterotetrameric channels that contain at least one zeta subunit (GRIN1), at least one epsilon subunit, plus GRIN3A or GRIN3B (By similarity). In vivo, the subunit composition may depend on the expression levels of the different subunits (Probable). Interacts with PDZ domains of PATJ and DLG4 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required for recycling to the plasma membrane when endocytosed and prevent degradation in lysosomes (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice appear grossly normal (PubMed:8987814). Mossy fiber granule cells from mutant mice present a decrease of the slow component of the excitatory postsynaptic current (PubMed:8987814). Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex display a reduced dendritic spine density (PubMed:27922130). Besides, the prefrontal cortex has an altered pattern of excitatory and inhibitory synapses (PubMed:27922130). Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex display a reduced frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC), together with an increased frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC), indicative of a shift in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory membrane currents (PubMed:27922130). The slow component of the excitatory postsynaptic current is nearly abolished in mossy fiber cells from mice lacking both Grin2a and Grin2c (PubMed:8987814). Mice lacking both Grin2a and Grin2c display subtle motor deficits; they have no visible phenotype when performing simple tasks, but have decreased ability to walk across a narrow wooden bar, and are unable to stay on a rapidly rotating rod (PubMed:8987814).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Mmp25
gene id: 10090:Mmp25
uniprot id: Q3U435
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In contrast to the human ortholog it does not have a signal sequence as it has an additional 53 residue sequence at the N-terminus. At the position of the human initiation methionine there is a leucine (Leu-54).
messages: May activate progelatinase A.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.

10090:Rai2
gene id: 10090:Rai2
uniprot id: Q9QVY8
names: Induction
messages: By retinoic acid.

10090:Mgat4a
gene id: 10090:Mgat4a
uniprot id: Q812G0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 54 family.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that catalyze the transfer of GlcNAc from UDP-GlcNAc to the GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3 arm of the core structure of N-linked glycans through a beta1-4 linkage and participates in the production of tri- and tetra-antennary N-linked sugar chains (PubMed:16377570). Involved in glucose transport by mediating SLC2A2/GLUT2 glycosylation, thereby controlling cell-surface expression of SLC2A2 in pancreatic beta cells (PubMed:16377570).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inhibited by UDP.
messages: Mice display impaired beta cell glucose transport and insulin secretion causing type 2 diabete. This is due to defects in SLC2A2/Glut-2 glycosylation, provoking SLC2A2/Glut-2 endocytosis with redistribution into endosomes and lysosomes.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tcp10a
gene id: 10090:Tcp10a
uniprot id: Q80W76
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCP10 family.

10090:Zdhhc11
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc11
uniprot id: Q14AK4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-localized palmitoyltransferase that could catalyze the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and be involved in a variety of cellular processes (PubMed:23687301). Has a palmitoyltransferase activity toward NCDN and regulates NCDN association with endosome membranes through this palmitoylation (PubMed:23687301). May play a role in cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Has also a palmitoyltransferase activity-independent function in DNA virus-triggered and CGAS-mediated innate immune response (PubMed:29429998). Functions as an adapter that recruits IRF3 to STING1 to promote the activation of that key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune response (PubMed:29429998).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable and do not show overt phenotype (PubMed:29429998). Composition and number of major immune cells is normal but mice are more susceptible to DNA-virus infection and death than their wild-type counterpart (PubMed:29429998).
messages: Interacts with IRF3 and STING1; in presence of DNA viruses recruits IRF3 to STING1 promoting IRF3 phosphorylation and activation.
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Rab29
gene id: 10090:Rab29
uniprot id: E9QLQ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Membrane
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators in vesicle trafficking.

10090:Casr
gene id: 10090:Casr
uniprot id: Q9QY96
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Epidermis, kidney and cartilage.
messages: G-protein-coupled receptor that senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions and plays a key role in maintaining calcium homeostasis (By similarity). Senses fluctuations in the circulating calcium concentration and modulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands (PubMed:7493018). The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system (By similarity). The G-protein-coupled receptor activity is activated by a co-agonist mechanism: aromatic amino acids, such as Trp or Phe, act concertedly with divalent cations, such as calcium or magnesium, to achieve full receptor activation (By similarity).
messages: Heterozygous mice show benign and modest elevations of serum calcium, magnesium and parathyroid hormone levels as well as hypocalciuria. Homozygous mice show neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, had markedly elevated serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, parathyroid hyperplasia, bone abnormalities, retarded growth and premature death.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with VCP and RNF19A (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB1 (By similarity).
messages: In resting state, adopts an open conformation, anion-binding promoting the inactive configuration. Upon aromatic amino acid-binding, the groove in the extracellular venus flytrap module is closed, thereby inducing the formation of a novel homodimer interface between subunits. Calcium ions stabilize the active state by enhancing homodimer interactions between membrane-proximal domains to fully activate the receptor.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The extracellular regions of the homodimer interact in a side-by-side fashion while facing opposite directions. Each extracellular region consists of three domains, LB1 (ligand-binding 1), LB2 and CR (cysteine-rich). The two lobe-shaped domains LB1 and LB2 form a venus flytrap module. In the inactive configuration, the venus flytrap modules of both protomers are in the open conformation associated with the resting state (open-open) and the interdomain cleft is empty. In addition, each protomer contains three anions, which reinforce the inactive conformation, and one calcium ion. In the active configuration, both protomers of extracellular regions have the closed conformation associated with agonist-binding (closed-closed). The ligand-binding cleft of each protomer is solely occupied by an aromatic amino-acid. Calcium is bound at four novel sites, including one at the homodimer interface. Agonist-binding induces large conformational changes within the extracellular region homodimer: first, the venus flytrap module of each protomer undergoes domain closure. Second, the LB2 regions of the two protomers approach each other, resulting in an expansion of the homodimer interactions involving LB2 domains. Third, the CR regions of the two subunits interact to form a large homodimer interface that is unique to the active state. The CR regions are brought into close contact by the motion involving LB2 since the two domains are rigidly associated within each subunit.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF19A; which induces proteasomal degradation.

10090:Or2ag1b
gene id: 10090:Or2ag1b
uniprot id: K7N641
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nxt1
gene id: 10090:Nxt1
uniprot id: Q9QZV9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with NXF1. Forms a complex with RANGAP1, RANBP2/NUP358 and NXF1. Interacts (via NTF2 domain) with NXF1. Stabilizes the NTF2 domain of NXF1 by heterodimerization. The formation of NXF1-NXT1 heterodimers is required for the NXF1-mediated nuclear mRNA export. Preferentially binds Ran-GTP. Associates with NXF2, NXF3 and NXF5. Does not bind nucleoporins (NPC) directly, its association to NPC is mediated by NXF1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Stimulator of protein export for NES-containing proteins. Also plays a role in the nuclear export of U1 snRNA, tRNA, and mRNA. The NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer is involved in the export of HSP70 mRNA in conjunction with ALYREF/THOC4 and THOC5 (By similarity).

10090:Hip1
gene id: 10090:Hip1
uniprot id: Q8VD75
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLA2 family.
messages: Binds F-actin via the talin-like I/LWEQ domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Homodimer. Binds actin. Binds HTT (via N-terminus). This interaction is restricted to the brain. Binds to IFT57. In normal conditions, it poorly interacts with IFT57, HIP1 being strongly associated with HTT. However, in mutant HTT proteins with a long poly-Gln region, interaction between HTT and HIP1 is inhibited, promoting the interaction between HIP1 and IFT57. Interacts with CLTB (via N-terminus). Interacts (via coiled coil domain) with AR. Interacts with AP2A1, AP2A2, CLTC and HIP1R (By similarity). Interacts with GRIA1, GRIN2A and GRIN2B.
messages: Mice develop a neurological phenotype by 3 months of age, characterized by wasting, tremor and a gait ataxia secondary to a rigid thoracolumbar kyphosis (PubMed:12839988, PubMed:14998932). Recovery of synaptic transmission following synaptic depression induced by prolonged nerve stimulation is reduced (PubMed:17928447). Paired-pulse facilitation, a form of neuronal plasticity in which delivery of two stimuli within a second of each other produces an increase in the size of the second synaptic response, is enhanced (PubMed:17928447). They also display micro-ophthalmia with nuclear cataracts (PubMed:14998932). Mutant male mice are mostly infertile and exhibit testicular degeneration with increased apoptosis of postmeiotic spermatids (PubMed:11604514, PubMed:16967501). Hip1 and Hip1r double-knockout mice are dwarfed, afflicted with severe vertebral defects and die in early adulthood (PubMed:17452370).
messages: Most abundantly expressed in brain. In brain, expressed in cortical tissue, hippocampus, the molecular layer of the cerebellum and olfactory bulb. Also expressed in spinal cord and bone marrow (at protein level). Expressed in reproductive tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and trafficking (PubMed:11577110). Involved in regulating AMPA receptor trafficking in the central nervous system in an NMDA-dependent manner (PubMed:12839988, PubMed:17329427). Regulates presynaptic nerve terminal activity (PubMed:17928447). Enhances androgen receptor (AR)-mediated transcription (By similarity). May act as a proapoptotic protein that induces cell death by acting through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway (By similarity). Binds 3-phosphoinositides (via ENTH domain) (By similarity). May act through the ENTH domain to promote cell survival by stabilizing receptor tyrosine kinases following ligand-induced endocytosis (By similarity). May play a functional role in the cell filament networks (By similarity). May be required for differentiation, proliferation, and/or survival of somatic and germline progenitors (PubMed:11604514, PubMed:14998932, PubMed:16967501, PubMed:17928447).
messages: The pseudo DED region (pDED) mediates the interaction with IFT57.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Noto
gene id: 10090:Noto
uniprot id: Q5TIS6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Defects in Noto are the cause of the truncate (tc) phenotype. Truncate (tc) is a recessive mutation that affects the development of the caudal notochord. Mice homozygous for tc are viable but viability is reduced, which is attributed at least in part to spinal injury in the sacral and lower lumbar region.
messages: First detected at 7.5 dpc in the node at the distal tip of the egg cylinder and is largely confined to the ventral node. Between 8 dpc and 9 dpc, highly expressed in the node and newly formed notochord. At 12.5 dpc, expression is confined to the notochordal plate and caudal portion of the notochord.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that controls node morphogenesis (PubMed:15231714, PubMed:17884984, PubMed:18061569, PubMed:22357932). Acts downstream of both FOXA2 and Brachyury (T) during notochord development (PubMed:15231714). Is essential for cilia formation in the posterior notochord (PNC) and for left-right patterning; acts upstream of FOXJ1 and RFX3 in this process and is required for the expression of various components important for axonemal assembly and function (PubMed:17884984). Plays a role in regulating axial versus paraxial cell fate (PubMed:18061569). Activates the transcription of ciliary proteins C11orf97 homolog, FAM183B and SPACA9 in the embryonic ventral node (PubMed:27914912).

10090:Josd2
gene id: 10090:Josd2
uniprot id: Q9CR30
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked poly-ubiquitin chains, and with lesser efficiency 'Lys-48'-linked poly-ubiquitin chains (in vitro). May act as a deubiquitinating enzyme (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Rab43
gene id: 10090:Rab43
uniprot id: Q0PD10
uniprot id: Q8CG50
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHM and CHML; phosphorylation at Thr-80 disrupts these interactions.
messages: Membrane
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The low intrinsic GTPase activity of RAB43 is activated by USP6NL. Involved in retrograde transport from the endocytic pathway to the Golgi apparatus. Involved in the transport of Shiga toxin from early and recycling endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. Required for the structural integrity of the Golgi complex. Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and Mycobacterium.
messages: phagosome
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Cmtm2a
gene id: 10090:Cmtm2a
uniprot id: Q9DAR1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like factor family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tm2d3
gene id: 10090:Tm2d3
uniprot id: Q8BJ83
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TM2 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Garem2
gene id: 10090:Garem2
uniprot id: Q6PAJ3
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the GAREM family.
messages: Probable adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface epidermal growth factor receptor and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

10090:Or5ac21
gene id: 10090:Or5ac21
uniprot id: A0A1L1SSG9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vipr2
gene id: 10090:Vipr2
uniprot id: P41588
uniprot id: Q546Q8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in the MIN6 cells, at moderate levels in pancreatic islets, insulin-secreting cells, lung, brain, stomach, and colon, and at low levels in the heart.
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for VIP as well as PACAP-38 and -27, the activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase. Can be coupled to phospholipase C.

10090:Snta1
gene id: 10090:Snta1
uniprot id: A2AKD7
uniprot id: Q3UVD6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the syntrophin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Flad1
gene id: 10090:Flad1
uniprot id: Q8R123
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Catalyzes the adenylation of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to form flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) coenzyme.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the PAPS reductase family. FAD1 subfamily.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the MoaB/Mog family.
messages: The molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein-like region may not be functional.

10090:Bcr
gene id: 10090:Bcr
uniprot id: A2RRK7
uniprot id: Q6PAJ1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated by FES/FPS on tyrosine residues, leading to down-regulation of the BCR kinase activity. Phosphorylation at Tyr-178 by HCK is important for interaction with GRB2.
messages: Expressed in brain (PubMed:25331951). In hippocampal subregions, most abundant in the CA1 region and expressed at successively lower levels in the dentate gyrus and the CA3 region (PubMed:20962234).
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with PDZK1. Interacts with HCK, FES/FPS, ABL1, PIK3R1 and GRB2 (By similarity). May interact with CCPG1 (PubMed:17000758). Interacts with SH2D5 (PubMed:25331951). Interacts with DLG4 (By similarity).
messages: Mutant mice show impaired spatial and object recognition memory with reduced maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) in Schaffer collateral-CA1 pyramidal neuron synapses.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Protein with a unique structure having two opposing regulatory activities toward small GTP-binding proteins. The C-terminus is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain which stimulates GTP hydrolysis by RAC1, RAC2 and CDC42. Accelerates the intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis of RAC1 or CDC42, leading to down-regulation of the active GTP-bound form. The central Dbl homology (DH) domain functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that modulates the GTPases CDC42, RHOA and RAC1. Promotes the conversion of CDC42, RHOA and RAC1 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound form. The amino terminus contains an intrinsic kinase activity (By similarity). Functions as an important negative regulator of neuronal RAC1 activity (PubMed:20962234). Regulates macrophage functions such as CSF1-directed motility and phagocytosis through the modulation of RAC1 activity (PubMed:17116687). Plays a major role as a RHOA GEF in keratinocytes being involved in focal adhesion formation and keratinocyte differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: The DH domain is involved in interaction with CCPG1.
messages: The amino terminus contains an intrinsic kinase activity. The central Dbl homology (DH) domain functions as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that modulates the GTPases CDC42, RHOA and RAC1. Promotes the conversion of CDC42, RHOA and RAC1 from the GDP-bound to the GTP-bound form. The C-terminus is a Rho-GAP domain which stimulates GTP hydrolysis by RAC1, RAC2 and CDC42. The protein has a unique structure having two opposing regulatory activities toward small GTP-binding proteins.
messages: The region involved in binding to ABL1 SH2-domain is rich in serine residues and needs to be Ser/Thr phosphorylated prior to SH2 binding. This region is essential for the activation of the ABL1 tyrosine kinase and transforming potential of the chimeric BCR-ABL oncogene.
messages: axon
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Col8a1
gene id: 10090:Col8a1
uniprot id: Q00780
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: COL8A1(-)/COL8A2(-) mice exhibit decreased proliferation of measngial cells, reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and increased p27(KIP1) expression. Diabetic COL8A1(-)/COL8A2(-) mice reveal reduced mesangial expansion and cellularity and extracellular matrix expansion.
messages: High levels in calvarium, eye and skin of newborn mice; also in various epithelial, endothelial and mesenchymal cells.
messages: Homotrimers, or heterotrimers in association with alpha 2(VIII) type collagens. Four homotrimers can form a tetrahedron stabilized by central interacting C-terminal NC1 trimers (By similarity).
messages: Macromolecular component of the subendothelium. Major component of the Descemet's membrane (basement membrane) of corneal endothelial cells. Also a component of the endothelia of blood vessels. Necessary for migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and thus, has a potential role in the maintenance of vessel wall integrity and structure, in particular in atherogenesis.
messages: Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by neutrophil elastase, in vitro. Proteolytic processing produces the C-terminal NC1 domain fragment, vastatin (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in astrocytes during the repair process and in mesangial cells in diabetic animals.
messages: Vastatin, the C-terminal fragment comprising the NC1 domain, inhibits aortic endothelial cell proliferation and causes cell apoptosis.
messages: basement membrane

10090:Or5g9
gene id: 10090:Or5g9
uniprot id: A2ALD4
uniprot id: Q8VFK1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Cacna1d
gene id: 10090:Cacna1d
uniprot id: A0A286YD72
uniprot id: A0A589Q4M7
uniprot id: Q99246
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. CACNA1D subfamily.
messages: Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Expressed in the inner hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea.
messages: Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in heart at 12.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the heart at 9.5, 12.5 and 15.5 dpc. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in heart at 9.5 and 12.5 dpc.
messages: Membrane
messages: Up-regulated in CACNA1C knockout mice.
messages: Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes, consisting of alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming and voltage-sensitive alpha-1 subunit. In many cases, this subunit is sufficient to generate voltage-sensitive calcium channel activity. The auxiliary subunits beta and alpha-2/delta linked by a disulfide bridge regulate the channel activity. Interacts (via IQ domain) with CABP1 and CABP4 in a calcium independent manner. Interacts with RIMBP2 (By similarity).
messages: Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death.
messages: Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1D gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, and by benzothiazepines.
messages: deafness, bradycardia and diabetic traits.

10090:1110004F10Rik
gene id: 10090:1110004F10Rik
uniprot id: Q9R0P4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SMAP family.

10090:F12
gene id: 10090:F12
uniprot id: Q80YC5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Factor XII is a serum glycoprotein that participates in the initiation of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and the generation of bradykinin and angiotensin. Prekallikrein is cleaved by factor XII to form kallikrein, which then cleaves factor XII first to alpha-factor XIIa and then trypsin cleaves it to beta-factor XIIa. Alpha-factor XIIa activates factor XI to factor XIa (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with HRG; the interaction, which is enhanced in the presence of zinc ions and inhibited by heparin-binding, inhibits factor XII autoactivation and contact-initiated coagulation.
messages: O- and N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lars2
gene id: 10090:Lars2
uniprot id: Q8VDC0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Cd200r3
gene id: 10090:Cd200r3
uniprot id: Q5UKY4
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:15187158 isoform 4 is a receptor for the CD200 cell surface glycoprotein. According to PubMed:16081818 isoform 4 is not a receptor for the CD200/OX2 cell surface glycoprotein. Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are involved in the recruitment or surface expression of the TYROBP receptor. Isoform 6, isoform 7 and isoform 8 are not involved in the recruitment or surface expression of the TYROBP receptor.
messages: According to some authors, isoform 3 (truncated at the N-terminus) is not a receptor for the CD200/OX2 cell surface glycoprotein.
messages: Belongs to the CD200R family.
messages: Expressed in uterus and bone marrow-derived mast cells (at protein level). Expressed in uterus, spleen, bone marrow-derived dendritic, basophil and mast cells. Expressed in the lung of N.brasiliensis-infected mice. Weakly expressed in brain, testis, lung and thymus.
messages: Expressed in uterus at 12.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Isoform 3 interacts with TYROBP. Isoform 8 does not interact with TYROBP.
messages: Membrane

10090:Snapc3
gene id: 10090:Snapc3
uniprot id: Q9D2C9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNAPC3/SRD2 family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the SNAPc complex composed of 5 subunits: SNAPC1, SNAPC2, SNAPC3, SNAPC4 and SNAPC5. SNAPC3 interacts with SNAPC1 (By similarity).
messages: Part of the SNAPc complex required for the transcription of both RNA polymerase II and III small-nuclear RNA genes. Binds to the proximal sequence element (PSE), a non-TATA-box basal promoter element common to these 2 types of genes. Recruits TBP and BRF2 to the U6 snRNA TATA box (By similarity).

10090:Cacna1f
gene id: 10090:Cacna1f
uniprot id: Q7TNI3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death.

10090:Extl3
gene id: 10090:Extl3
uniprot id: Q6P1H4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Skic8
gene id: 10090:Skic8
uniprot id: Q9ERF3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SKI8 family.
messages: Component of the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) which has multiple functions during transcription by RNA polymerase II and is implicated in regulation of development and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:19345177). PAF1C associates with RNA polymerase II through interaction with POLR2A CTD non-phosphorylated and 'Ser-2'- and 'Ser-5'-phosphorylated forms and is involved in transcriptional elongation, acting both independently and synergistically with TCEA1 and in cooperation with the DSIF complex and HTATSF1 (By similarity). PAF1C is required for transcription of Hox and Wnt target genes (By similarity). PAF1C is involved in hematopoiesis and stimulates transcriptional activity of KMT2A/MLL1; it promotes leukemogenesis through association with KMT2A/MLL1-rearranged oncoproteins, such as KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT3/AF9 and KMT2A/MLL1-MLLT1/ENL (By similarity). PAF1C is involved in histone modifications such as ubiquitination of histone H2B and methylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) (By similarity). PAF1C recruits the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex and the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B to chromatin which mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1); UB2A/B-mediated H2B ubiquitination is proposed to be coupled to transcription (By similarity). PAF1C is involved in mRNA 3' end formation probably through association with cleavage and poly(A) factors (By similarity). In case of infection by influenza A strain H3N2, PAF1C associates with viral NS1 protein, thereby regulating gene transcription (By similarity). Required for mono- and trimethylation on histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), dimethylation on histone H3 'Lys-79' (H3K4me3) (By similarity). Required for Hox gene transcription (By similarity). Also acts as a component of the SKI complex, a multiprotein complex that assists the RNA-degrading exosome during the mRNA decay and quality-control pathways (By similarity). The SKI complex catalyzes mRNA extraction from 80S ribosomal complexes …
messages: Component of the PAF1 complex, which consists of CDC73, PAF1, LEO1, CTR9, RTF1 and SKIC8. The PAF1 complex interacts with PHF5A (PubMed:27749823). Within the PAF1 complex interacts directly with PHF5A (PubMed:27749823). Component of the SKI complex which consists of SKIC2, SKIC3 and SKIC8 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Orc6
gene id: 10090:Orc6
uniprot id: Q66JV6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ORC6 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tnfrsf26
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf26
uniprot id: P83626
uniprot id: Q3U3N2
names: Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in thymus and spleen. Detectable levels in lung.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gimd1
gene id: 10090:Gimd1
uniprot id: E9PW74
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.

10090:Gigyf2
gene id: 10090:Gigyf2
uniprot id: Q6Y7W8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GIGYF family.
messages: Component of the 4EHP-GYF2 complex, at least composed of EIF4E2, GIGYF2 and ZNF598 (PubMed:26763119). Interacts (via the 4EHP-binding motif) with EIF4E2; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with ZFP36/TTP (via P-P-P-P-G repeats); the interaction is direct (PubMed:26763119). Interacts with GRB10 (PubMed:12771153). Interacts (via DDX6 motif) with DDX6 (via RecA-like domain 2) (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in heart, liver, kidney and brain as well as in testis (PubMed:12771153).
messages: Key component of the 4EHP-GYF2 complex, a multiprotein complex that acts as a repressor of translation initiation (PubMed:26763119). In the 4EHP-GYF2 complex, acts as a factor that bridges EIF4E2 to ZFP36/TTP, linking translation repression with mRNA decay (PubMed:26763119). Also recruits and bridges the association of the 4EHP complex with the decapping effector protein DDX6, which is required for the ZFP36/TTP-mediated down-regulation of AU-rich mRNA (By similarity). May act cooperatively with GRB10 to regulate tyrosine kinase receptor signaling, including IGF1 and insulin receptors (PubMed:12771153). In association with EIF4E2, assists ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) by sequestering the mRNA cap, blocking ribosome initiation and decreasing the translational load on problematic messages. Part of a pathway that works in parallel to RQC-mediated degradation of the stalled nascent polypeptide. GIGYF2 and EIF4E2 work downstream and independently of ZNF598, which seems to work as a scaffold that can recruit them to faulty mRNA even if alternative recruitment mechanisms may exist (By similarity).
messages: Mice undergo normal embryonic development, but fail to feed and die within the first 2 postnatal days. Heterozygous mice survive to adulthood with no evident metabolic or growth defects. At 12-15 months of age, heterozygous mice show motor dysfunction associated with histopathologic evidence of neurodegeneration and rare intracytoplasmic Lewy body-like inclusions in spinal anterior horn motor neurons.
messages: Widely expressed in embryonic tissues, including strong expression in the central nervous system.

10090:Gdf2
gene id: 10090:Gdf2
uniprot id: Q9WV56
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A reversible disulfide bond can be formed between the two subunits in the homodimer; this has no effect on GDF2 activity.
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Can promote osteogenic differentiation in vitro (PubMed:25751889). This is probably not physiologically relevant.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Detected in extracellular fluid as mature homodimer, and in complex with its propeptide (By similarity). Interacts with ACVRL1, BMPR2 and ACVR2B with high affinity (in vitro) (PubMed:25751889). Identified in a complex with ACVRL1 and ACVR2B (By similarity). Has ten times lower affinity for ACVR2A (in vitro) (PubMed:25751889). Interacts with ENG, forming a heterotetramer with a 2:2 stoichiometry. Can form a heteromeric complex with ENG and ACVRL1 (By similarity). Interacts with type I receptor ACVR1 (By similarity).
messages: Potent circulating inhibitor of angiogenesis (By similarity). Signals through the type I activin receptor ACVRL1 but not other Alks (PubMed:25751889). Signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells requires TGF-beta coreceptor endoglin/ENG (PubMed:23300529).
messages: Secreted

10090:Moap1
gene id: 10090:Moap1
uniprot id: Q9ERH6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PNMA family.
messages: Extracellular vesicle membrane
messages: Homodimer. Under normal circumstances, held in an inactive conformation by an intramolecular interaction. Interacts with BAX. Binding to RASSF1 isoform A (RASSF1A) relieves this inhibitory interaction and allows further binding to BAX. Binds also to BCL2 and BCLX. Recruited to the TNFRSF1A and TNFRSF10A complexes in response to their respective cognate ligand, after internalization. Interacts with TRIM39 (By similarity). Interacts with RASSF6 (PubMed:17404571). Interacts with ATG8 proteins MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B and MAP1LC3C (By similarity). Does not interact with ATG8 proteins GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP (By similarity). Interacts with SQSTM1; promoting dissociation of SQSTM1 inclusion bodies that sequester KEAP1 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Retrotransposon-derived protein that forms virion-like capsids (PubMed:34413232). Acts as an effector of BAX during apoptosis: enriched at outer mitochondria membrane and associates with BAX upon induction of apoptosis, facilitating BAX-dependent mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and apoptosis (By similarity). Required for death receptor-dependent apoptosis (By similarity). When associated with RASSF1, promotes BAX conformational change and translocation to mitochondrial membranes in response to TNF and TNFSF10 stimulation (By similarity). Also promotes autophagy: promotes phagophore closure via association with ATG8 proteins (PubMed:33783314). Acts as an inhibitor of the NFE2L2/NRF2 pathway via interaction with SQSTM1: interaction promotes dissociation of SQSTM1 inclusion bodies that sequester KEAP1, relieving inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex (By similarity).
messages: The BH3-like domain is required for association with BAX and for mediating apoptosis. The three BH domains (BH1, BH2, and BH3) of BAX are all required for mediating protein-protein interaction.
messages: The LIR motif (LC3-interacting region) is required for the interaction with the ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B and MAP1LC3C.
messages: The protein is evolutionarily related to retrotransposon Gag proteins: it contains the capsid (CA)subdomain of gag.
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded during mitotic exit by APC/C-Cdh1, this modification is inhibited by TRIM39.
messages: Widely expressed, including in the brain. High expression levels in testis.
messages: cytosol

10090:Eya4
gene id: 10090:Eya4
uniprot id: A0A1W2P721
uniprot id: Q8BY78
uniprot id: Q9Z191
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the embryo, expressed mainly in the craniofacial mesenchyme, dermamyotome and limb.
messages: Interacts with SIX3; translocates EYA4 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and promotes activation of their target genes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph). 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Promotes efficient DNA repair by dephosphorylating H2AX, promoting the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1. Its function as histone phosphatase probably explains its role in transcription regulation during organogenesis. May be involved in development of the eye (By similarity).

10090:H4c18
gene id: 10090:H4c18
uniprot id: B2RTM0
uniprot id: P62806
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H4K5ac), Lys-9 (H4K8ac), Lys-13 (H4K12ac) and Lys-17 (H4K16ac) occurs in coding regions of the genome but not in heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the histone H4 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-4 (H4R3ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Glutarylation at Lys-92 (H4K91glu) destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated, dimethylated or trimethylated at Lys-21 (H4K20me1, H4K20me2, H4K20me3) (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylation is performed by KMT5A/SET8 (By similarity). Trimethylation is performed by KMT5B and KMT5C and induces gene silencing (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylated at Lys-13 (H4K12me1) by N6AMT1; H4K12me1 modification is present at the promoters of numerous genes encoding cell cycle regulators (By similarity).
messages: Monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-4 (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively) by PRMT1 favors acetylation at Lys-9 (H4K8ac) and Lys-13 (H4K12ac). Demethylation is performed by JMJD6. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 (H4R3me2s) by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Ser-48 (H4S47ph). This phosphorylation increases the association of H3.3-H4 with the histone chaperone HIRA, thus promoting nucleosome assembly of H3.3-H4 and inhibiting nucleosome assembly of H3.1-H4 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated, which is associated with transcriptional repression.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-92 of histone H4 (H4K91ub1) in response to DNA damage. The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 Lys-21 methylation (H4K20me) (By similarity).
messages: Ufmylated; monofmylated by UFL1 at Lys-32 (H4K31Ufm1) in response to DNA damage.

10090:Poc1b
gene id: 10090:Poc1b
uniprot id: Q8BHD1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat POC1 family.
messages: Expressed in the retina.
messages: Interacts with POC1A. Interacts with FAM161A. Interacts with CEP44; the interaction is direct and recruits POC1B to centriolar microtubules.
messages: Phosphorylated in mitotic cells that may be mediated by CDK1.
messages: Plays an important role in centriole assembly and/or stability and ciliogenesis. Involved in early steps of centriole duplication, as well as in the later steps of centriole length control. Acts in concert with POC1A to ensure centriole integrity and proper mitotic spindle formation. Required for primary cilia formation, ciliary length and also cell proliferation. Required for retinal integrity.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: spindle pole

10090:Crybg1
gene id: 10090:Crybg1
uniprot id: E9PVP1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.

10090:Oscar
gene id: 10090:Oscar
uniprot id: Q8VBT3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the leukocyte receptor complex/polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIR/LRC) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Regulator of osteoclastogenesis which plays an important bone-specific function in osteoclast differentiation.
messages: Specifically expressed in preosteoclasts or mature osteoclasts.

10090:Serpini2
gene id: 10090:Serpini2
uniprot id: Q4G0D3
uniprot id: Q9JK88
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Expressed in pancreas.
messages: Secreted

10090:Vti1b
gene id: 10090:Vti1b
uniprot id: Q91XH6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the VTI1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Zscan26
gene id: 10090:Zscan26
uniprot id: Q5RJ54
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Agmo
gene id: 10090:Agmo
uniprot id: Q8BS35
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sterol desaturase family. TMEM195 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glyceryl-ether monooxygenase that cleaves the O-alkyl bond of ether lipids. Ether lipids are essential components of brain membranes (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in lever and small intestine.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

10090:C1qtnf9
gene id: 10090:C1qtnf9
uniprot id: Q4ZJN1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed predominantly in adipose tissue. Females express higher levels than males.
messages: Multimers (predominantly trimers). Interacts with ADIPOQ via the C1q domain to form a heterotrimeric complex.
messages: Overexpression of CTRP9 in obese (ob/ob) mice significantly lowered serum glucose levels.
messages: Probable adipokine. Activates AMPK, AKT, and p44/42 MAPK signaling pathways.
messages: Secreted
messages: The isomeric forms of the hydroxylated amino acids could not be determined in the mass-spectrometric methods reported in PubMed:18787108 but are assumed on the basis of their occurrence in collagen-like domains.

10090:Tfec
gene id: 10090:Tfec
uniprot id: Q9WTW4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MiT/TFE family.
messages: Contains an activation domain in the C-terminal region.
messages: Expressed in osteoclast-like cells (at protein level). Expressed in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage. Expressed in macrophages and in osteoclast-like cells.
messages: Expressed in the early developing retinal pigmented epithelium and in the peripheral retina.
messages: Homodimer. Forms heterodimers with MITF. Interacts with MITF. Forms heterodimers with TFE3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator that acts as a repressor or an activator. Acts as a transcriptional transactivator on the proximal promoter region of the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) E-box containing promoter. Collaborates with MITF in target gene activation. Acts as a transcriptional repressor on minimal promoter containing element F (that includes an E-box sequence) (By similarity). Binds to element F in an E-box sequence-specific manner (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional repressor on minimal promoter containing mu E3 enhancer sequence (By similarity). Binds to mu E3 DNA sequence of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene enhancer (By similarity). Binds DNA in a homo- or heterodimeric form.
messages: Up-regulated in bone marrow-derived macrophages by Th2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-13 and LPS.

10090:Myh9
gene id: 10090:Myh9
uniprot id: Q8VDD5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping (PubMed:19401332). Required for cortical actin clearance prior to oocyte exocytosis (PubMed:31118423). Promotes cell motility in conjunction with S100A4 (By similarity). During cell spreading, plays an important role in cytoskeleton reorganization, focal contact formation (in the margins but not the central part of spreading cells), and lamellipodial retraction; this function is mechanically antagonized by MYH10 (By similarity).
messages: Cortical granule
messages: ISGylated.
messages: In neonatal mouse cochlea, weak levels of expression in both hair cells and supporting cells (at protein level). In the cochlea of six day old mice, expression is restricted to hair cell sterocilia (at protein level).
messages: Myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2). Interacts with RASIP1 (PubMed:21396893). Interacts with DDR1 (PubMed:19401332). Interacts with PDLIM2 (By similarity). Interacts with SVIL (By similarity). Interacts with HTRA3 (By similarity). Interacts with Myo7a (PubMed:27331610). Interacts with CFAP95 (By similarity). Interacts with LIMCH1; independently of the integration of MYH9 into the myosin complex (By similarity). Interacts with RAB3A (By similarity). Interacts with ZBED4 (By similarity). Interacts with S100A4; this interaction increases cell motility.
messages: Reduced litter size and increased polyspermy in the perivitelline space following fertilization.
messages: The rodlike tail sequence is highly repetitive, showing cycles of a 28-residue repeat pattern composed of 4 heptapeptides, characteristic for alpha-helical coiled coils.
messages: Ubiquitination.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Adamtsl2
gene id: 10090:Adamtsl2
uniprot id: Q7TSK7
names: Caution
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although strongly similar to members of the ADAMTS family it lacks the metalloprotease and disintegrin-like domains which are typical of that family.
messages: Glycosylated (By similarity). Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with LTBP1.
messages: Secreted

10090:Bgn
gene id: 10090:Bgn
uniprot id: P28653
uniprot id: Q3TNY9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily.
messages: Found in several connective tissues, especially in articular cartilages.
messages: May be involved in collagen fiber assembly.
messages: The two attached glycosaminoglycan chains can be either chondroitin sulfate or dermatan sulfate.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Dio2
gene id: 10090:Dio2
uniprot id: Q9QXV5
uniprot id: Q9Z1Y9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family.
messages: Expressed in mammary gland and in brain.
messages: Interacts with USP20 and USP33. Interacts with MARCHF6 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine). Essential for providing the brain with appropriate levels of T3 during the critical period of development.
messages: Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine).
messages: Ubiquitinated by MARCHF6, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Deubiquitinated by USP20 and USP33 (By similarity).

10090:Mast2
gene id: 10090:Mast2
uniprot id: B1AST7
uniprot id: B1AST8
uniprot id: Q60592
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Appears to link the dystrophin/utrophin network with microtubule filaments via the syntrophins. Phosphorylation of DMD or UTRN may modulate their affinities for associated proteins. Functions in a multi-protein complex in spermatid maturation. Regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 synthesis in macrophages by forming a complex with TRAF6, resulting in the inhibition of TRAF6 NF-kappa-B activation.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Detected in round spermatids and residual bodies but not epididymal spermatozoa (at protein level). Expressed in adult but not fetal testis with levels increasing in parallel with testicular development. Also expressed at high levels in heart, lower levels in all other tissues tested.
messages: Interacts with CDHR2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated and ubiquitinated. N-terminal ubiquitination leads to degradation of MAST2 by proteasome-mediated proteolysis. N-terminal phosphorylation appears to be a prerequisite for ubiquitination.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Atf7ip
gene id: 10090:Atf7ip
uniprot id: Q7TT18
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MCAF family.
messages: Interacts with MBD1; the interaction is enhanced when MBD1 is sumoylated (By similarity). Interacts with SETDB1; the interaction protects SETDB1 from proteasomal degradation and is required to stimulate histone methyltransferase activity and facilitate the conversion of dimethylated to trimethylated H3 'Lys-9' (PubMed:14536086). Interacts with SUMO ubiquitin-like proteins (SUMO1, SUNO2 and SUMO3), with a preference for SUMO2 and SUMO3. Interacts with SP1, ATF7 and ZHX1. Interacts with the general transcription machinery, including ERCC2, ERCC3, GTF2E1, GTF2E2 and POLR2A (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recruiter that couples transcriptional factors to general transcription apparatus and thereby modulates transcription regulation and chromatin formation. Can both act as an activator or a repressor depending on the context (PubMed:10777215). Required for HUSH-mediated heterochromatin formation and gene silencing (By similarity). Mediates MBD1-dependent transcriptional repression, probably by recruiting complexes containing SETDB1. Stabilizes SETDB1, is required to stimulate histone methyltransferase activity of SETDB1 and facilitates the conversion of dimethylated to trimethylated H3 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3). The complex formed with MBD1 and SETDB1 represses transcription and couples DNA methylation and histone H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation (H3K9me3) (PubMed:14536086). Facilitates telomerase TERT and TERC gene expression by SP1 in cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at all stages studied.

10090:Odf3l1
gene id: 10090:Odf3l1
uniprot id: Q810P2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CIMAP family.

10090:Chtf8
gene id: 10090:Chtf8
uniprot id: P0CG14
uniprot id: P0CG15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CTF8 family.
messages: Belongs to the DERPC family.
messages: Chromosome cohesion factor involved in sister chromatid cohesion and fidelity of chromosome transmission. Component of one of the cell nuclear antigen loader complexes, CTF18-replication factor C (CTF18-RFC), which consists of CTF18, CTF8, DSCC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5. The CTF18-RFC complex binds to single-stranded and primed DNAs and has weak ATPase activity that is stimulated the presence of primed DNA, replication protein A (RPA) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The CTF18-RFC complex catalyzes the ATP-dependent loading of PCNA onto primed and gapped DNA. It also interacts with and stimulates POLH, which is suggestive of a protein network that coordinates DNA repair, recombination and chromosome cohesion reactions with replication fork progression (By similarity).
messages: Component of the CTF18-RFC complex, which consists of CTF18, CTF8, DSCC1, RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5. The CTF18-RFC complex does not interact with the Rad9/Rad1/Hus1 complex. The CTF18-RFC complex interacts with POLH. CTF18/CTF8/DSCC1 associate with PCNA. CTF8 exists as a dimer with DSCC1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Potential tumor suppressor.

10090:Llph
gene id: 10090:Llph
uniprot id: Q9D945
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the learning-associated protein family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: In hippocampal neurons, regulates dendritic and spine growth and synaptic transmission.
messages: In the hippocampal neurons, down-regulated by sustained activity induced by increased extracellular potassium concentration for a prolonged time (2 - 5 hours) (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CTCF, MYO1C and with the transcriptional machinery, including RNA polymerase II and TBP.
messages: Strongly expressed in the brain in early developmental stages. Expression gradually decreases during development, from very high levels at 13 dpc down to hardly detectable in the adult at day 20 postnatal and later on (at protein level).
messages: Widely expressed, with high levels in testis and spleen and low levels in heart. In the brain, expressed in the cortex and hippocampus, and at very low levels in the cerebellum.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Slc5a5
gene id: 10090:Slc5a5
uniprot id: G3X8P5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r247
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r247
uniprot id: D3YTW8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Adam34l
gene id: 10090:Adam34l
uniprot id: Q7M766
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Gnb2
gene id: 10090:Gnb2
uniprot id: P62880
uniprot id: Q3U9V4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in meiotically incompetent oocytes. Expression increases in fully grown meiotically competent oocytes. Expression then decreases during metaphase-II arrested eggs, one-cell embryo, two-cell embryo and eight-cell embryo stages, and increases again during blastocyst stage.
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma. In this context, interacts with GNAI2 and GNG2 (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGEF18 and RASD2. Interacts with ATXN10. Interacts with SCN8A.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cab39
gene id: 10090:Cab39
uniprot id: Q06138
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mo25 family.
messages: Component of a complex that binds and activates STK11/LKB1. In the complex, required to stabilize the interaction between CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta) and STK11/LKB1 (By similarity).
messages: Component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Transcribed during early mouse development. Detected at all developmental stages from the egg through the blastocyst, most abundant at the 2-cell stage.

10090:Emc9
gene id: 10090:Emc9
uniprot id: Q793L1
uniprot id: Q9DB76
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMC8/EMC9 family.
messages: Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC). EMC8 and EMC9 are mutually exclusive subunits of the EMC complex.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. Preferentially accommodates proteins with transmembrane domains that are weakly hydrophobic or contain destabilizing features such as charged and aromatic residues. Involved in the cotranslational insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become ER membrane spanning helices. It is also required for the post-translational insertion of tail-anchored/TA proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. By mediating the proper cotranslational insertion of N-terminal transmembrane domains in an N-exo topology, with translocated N-terminus in the lumen of the ER, controls the topology of multi-pass membrane proteins like the G protein-coupled receptors. By regulating the insertion of various proteins in membranes, it is indirectly involved in many cellular processes.

10090:Ypel1
gene id: 10090:Ypel1
uniprot id: A0A338P6Z8
uniprot id: Q65Z96
uniprot id: Q9ESC7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expressed throughout the ventral mesoderm of the trunk and head. At 10.5 dpc, maintained in the ventral aspect of the axial tissues; detected in the branchial clefts, branchial arches, in the heart and in the cranial mesenchyme underlying the mid-brain. No expression in the dorsal part of the embryo, in the somatopleure nor in the splanchnopleure. At 11.0 dpc, expressed in the branchial arches in the mesenchyme underlying the ectoderm, but not the endoderm.
messages: Belongs to the yippee family.
messages: May play a role in epithelioid conversion of fibroblasts.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rusf1
gene id: 10090:Rusf1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B5
uniprot id: Q91W34
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RUS1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Saraf
gene id: 10090:Saraf
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0D1
uniprot id: Q8R3Q0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SARAF family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with STIM1; the interaction is inhibit by th interaction of STIM1 with EFHB.
messages: Membrane
messages: Negative regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) involved in protecting cells from Ca(2+) overfilling. In response to cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation after endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) refilling, promotes a slow inactivation of STIM (STIM1 or STIM2)-dependent SOCE activity: possibly act by facilitating the deoligomerization of STIM to efficiently turn off ORAI when the endoplasmic reticulum lumen is filled with the appropriate Ca(2+) levels, and thus preventing the overload of the cell with excessive Ca(2+) ions (By similarity).
messages: Negative regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) involved in protecting cells from Ca(2+) overfilling. In response to cytosolic Ca(2+) elevation after endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) refilling, promotes a slow inactivation of STIM (STIM1 or STIM2)-dependent SOCE activity: possibly act by facilitating the deoligomerization of STIM to efficiently turn off ORAI when the endoplasmic reticulum lumen is filled with the appropriate Ca(2+) levels, and thus preventing the overload of the cell with excessive Ca(2+) ions.
messages: The cytoplasmic C-terminal region mediates interaction with STIM1, while the N-terminal lumenal region mediates regulation of SOCE activity.

10090:Capn3
gene id: 10090:Capn3
uniprot id: A4QPE6
uniprot id: Q0VGP9
uniprot id: Q64691
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by micromolar concentrations of calcium and inhibited by calpastatin.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease. Proteolytically cleaves CTBP1 at 'His-410'. Mediates, with UTP25, the proteasome-independent degradation of p53/TP53.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimer; via EF-hand domain 4. Interacts with TTN/titin. Interacts with CMYA5; this interaction, which results in CMYA5 proteolysis, may protect CAPN3 from autolysis. Interacts with SIMC1. Interacts with UTP25; the interaction is required for CAPN3 translocation to the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Osbpl10
gene id: 10090:Osbpl10
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0F9
uniprot id: S4R1M9
uniprot id: S4R296
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.
messages: Interacts with OSBPL9. Interacts with DIAPH1.
messages: Probable lipid transporter involved in lipid countertransport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane. Its ability to bind phosphatidylserine, suggests that it specifically exchanges phosphatidylserine with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), delivering phosphatidylserine to the plasma membrane in exchange for PI4P. Plays a role in negative regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Negatively regulates APOB secretion from hepatocytes. Binds cholesterol and acidic phospholipids. Also binds 25-hydroxycholesterol. Binds phosphatidylserine.
messages: The C-terminal region binds cholesterol, 25-hydroxysterol and acidic phospholipids and is required for localization to microtubules.
messages: The PH domain selectively interacts with phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Slc25a26
gene id: 10090:Slc25a26
uniprot id: Q5U680
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrial S-adenosyl-L-methionine/S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine antiporter. Mediates the exchange of cytosolic S-adenosyl-L-methionine, the predominant methyl-group donor for macromolecule methylation processes, for mitochondrial S-adenosylhomocysteine(SAH), a by-product of methylation reactions.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Rnmt
gene id: 10090:Rnmt
uniprot id: Q9D0L8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. mRNA cap 0 methyltransferase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the mRNA-capping methyltransferase RNMT:RAMAC complex that methylates the N7 position of the added guanosine to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Binds RNA containing 5'-terminal GpppC.
messages: Interacts with importin alpha, leading to stimulate both RNA-binding and methyltransferase activity. Interaction with importin alpha and beta is required for its nuclear localization, importin beta dissociating in response to RanGTP, allowing RNMT-importin alpha to bind RNA substrates. Interacts with elongating form of polymerase II and RNGTT. Interacts with RAMAC, this interaction significantly enhances RNA-binding and cap methyltransferase activity.
messages: Methyltransferase activity is activated by RAMAC.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Glod5
gene id: 10090:Glod5
uniprot id: Q9D8I3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glyoxalase I family.

10090:Stmn4
gene id: 10090:Stmn4
uniprot id: D3Z4C2
uniprot id: G3X9Z6
uniprot id: P63042
uniprot id: Q05DI3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the stathmin family.
messages: Exhibits microtubule-destabilizing activity.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: axon
messages: growth cone

10090:Sh3gl2
gene id: 10090:Sh3gl2
uniprot id: Q62420
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: An N-terminal amphipathic helix, the BAR domain and a second amphipathic helix inserted into helix 1 of the BAR domain (N-BAR domain) induce membrane curvature and bind curved membranes (By similarity). The BAR domain dimer forms a rigid crescent shaped bundle of helices with the pair of second amphipathic helices protruding towards the membrane-binding surface.
messages: Belongs to the endophilin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Implicated in synaptic vesicle endocytosis. May recruit other proteins to membranes with high curvature. Required for BDNF-dependent dendrite outgrowth (PubMed:21849472). Cooperates with SH3GL2 to mediate BDNF-NTRK2 early endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes (PubMed:21849472).
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer; in cytoplasm. Homodimer; when associated with membranes (By similarity). Interacts with SYNJ1 (By similarity). Interacts with DNM1 (PubMed:10490020). Interacts with MAP4K3; the interaction appears to regulate MAP4K3-mediated JNK activation (By similarity). Interacts with OPHN1 (PubMed:19481455). Interacts with PDCD6IP (By similarity). Interacts with BIN2 (By similarity). Interacts with ATXN2 (PubMed:18602463). Interacts with ADAM9 and ADAM15 cytoplasmic tails (PubMed:10531379). Interacts with TMEM108 (PubMed:21849472). Interacts with ADGRB2 (PubMed:28891236).
messages: Presynapse
messages: Was originally thought to have lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity, but has since been experimentally shown not to have this activity.

10090:Cdc42
gene id: 10090:Cdc42
uniprot id: P60766
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CDC42EP1, CDC42EP2, CDC42EP3, CDC42EP4, CDC42EP5, CDC42SE1, CDC42SE2, PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G (in a GTP-dependent manner) (PubMed:10490598, PubMed:10934474). Interacts with activated CSPG4 and with BAIAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK11/Zizimin2; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:15710388, PubMed:16968698). Interacts with DOCK9; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK8 (via DHR-2 domain); the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:22461490). Interacts with IQGAP1 (PubMed:16968698). Interacts with NET1 and ARHGAP33/TCGAP (PubMed:9535835, PubMed:12773384). Part of a complex with PARD3, PARD6A or PARD6B and PRKCI or PRKCZ (PubMed:10934474). The GTP-bound form interacts with CCPG1 (PubMed:17000758). Interacts with USP6 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Part of a collagen stimulated complex involved in cell migration composed of CDC42, CRK, TNK2 and BCAR1/p130cas (By similarity). Interacts with ITGB1BP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGDIA; this interaction inactivates and stabilizes CDC42. Interacts with ARHGDIB; this maintains CDC42 in the inactive, GDP-bound form (By similarity). Interacts in (GTP-bound form) with FNBP1L and ABI1, but only in the presence of FNBP1L (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Phosphorylated by SRC in an EGF-dependent manner, this stimulates the binding of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI.
messages: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state (PubMed:24352656). In its active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Regulates cell migration (By similarity). In neurons, plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of filopodia, thin and actin-rich surface projections. Required for DOCK10-mediated spine formation in Purkinje cells and hippocampal neurons (PubMed:25851601). Facilitates filopodia formation upon DOCK11-activation (PubMed:22494997). Upon activation by CaMKII, modulates dendritic spine structural plasticity by relaying CaMKII transient activation to synapse-specific, long-term signaling (By similarity). Also plays a role in phagocytosis through organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton associated with forming phagocytic cups (By similarity).
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase. Inhibited by GAPs such as ARHGAP44 (PubMed:24352656, PubMed:26969129).
messages: centrosome
messages: dendrite
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: spindle

10090:Metap1d
gene id: 10090:Metap1d
uniprot id: Q9CPW9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase type 1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val). Requires deformylation of the N(alpha)-formylated initiator methionine before it can be hydrolyzed.

10090:Adhfe1
gene id: 10090:Adhfe1
uniprot id: Q8R0N6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the cofactor-independent reversible oxidation of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) to succinic semialdehyde (SSA) coupled to reduction of 2-ketoglutarate (2-KG) to D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG). L-3-hydroxybutyrate (L-3-OHB) is also a substrate for HOT when using 2-KG as hydrogen acceptor, resulting in the formation of D-2-HG (By similarity).
messages: Down-regulated of 40% in white adipose tissue of ob/ob obese mice.
messages: Expressed in white and brown adipose tissues, liver, and kidney. Expression is differentiation-dependent during in vitro brown and white adipogenesis.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Atp6ap1l
gene id: 10090:Atp6ap1l
uniprot id: D3Z5W0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the vacuolar ATPase subunit S1 family.

10090:Eif1b
gene id: 10090:Eif1b
uniprot id: Q9CXU9
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SUI1 family.
messages: Probably involved in translation.

10090:Pfdn5
gene id: 10090:Pfdn5
uniprot id: Q9WU28
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
messages: Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins. Represses the transcriptional activity of MYC (By similarity).
messages: Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Agpat1
gene id: 10090:Agpat1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J263
uniprot id: O35083
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Capn6
gene id: 10090:Capn6
uniprot id: O35646
uniprot id: Q80VZ1
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 10.5 dpc expressed in the mandibular arches, heart and limb buds.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Interacts (via domain III) with microtubules. Interacts (via domain II) with ARHGEF2 (via the N-terminal zinc finger).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Microtubule-stabilizing protein that may be involved in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and cytoskeletal organization. May act as a regulator of RAC1 activity through interaction with ARHGEF2 to control lamellipodial formation and cell mobility. Does not seem to have protease activity as it has lost the active site residues.
messages: Up-regulated during the osteoclasogenic process. Inhibited by dexamethaxone during the osteoclasogenic process.
messages: perinuclear region
messages: spindle

10090:Nsun3
gene id: 10090:Nsun3
uniprot id: Q8CCT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
messages: Mitochondrial tRNA methyltransferase that mediates methylation of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at position 34 of mt-tRNA(Met). mt-tRNA(Met) methylation at cytosine(34) takes place at the wobble position of the anticodon and initiates the formation of 5-formylcytosine (f(5)c) at this position. mt-tRNA(Met) containing the f(5)c modification at the wobble position enables recognition of the AUA codon in addition to the AUG codon, expanding codon recognition in mitochondrial translation.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:H3f3a
gene id: 10090:H3f3a
uniprot id: P84244
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters.
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed throughout the cell cycle independently of DNA synthesis.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin. Phosphorylation on Ser-32 (H3S31ph) is specific to regions bordering centromeres in metaphase chromosomes. metaphase chromosomes.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Specific interaction of trimethylated form at 'Lys-36' (H3.3K36me3) with ZMYND11 is mediated by the encapsulation of Ser-32 residue with a composite pocket formed by the tandem bromo-PWWP domains (By similarity). Interacts with ZMYND11; when trimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3.3K36me3).
messages: Specifically enriched in modifications associated with active chromatin such as methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 and Lys-80. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me), which are linked to gene repression, are underrepresented. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Interacts with HIRA, a chaperone required for its incorporation into nucleosomes. Interacts with ZMYND11; when trimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3.3K36me3). Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with ASF1A, MCM2, NASP and SPT2 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated. Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.
messages: Variant histone H3 which replaces conventional H3 in a wide range of nucleosomes in active genes. Constitutes the predominant form of histone H3 in non-dividing cells and is incorporated into chromatin independently of DNA synthesis. Deposited at sites of nucleosomal displacement throughout transcribed genes, suggesting that it represents an epigenetic imprint of transcriptionally active chromatin. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.

10090:F2
gene id: 10090:F2
uniprot id: P19221
uniprot id: Q3TJ94
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Heterodimer (named alpha-thrombin) of a light and a heavy chain; disulfide-linked. Forms a heterodimer with SERPINA5. In plasma, interacts (via N-terminus) with alpha-1-microglobulin; this interaction does not prevent the activation of prothrombin to thrombin.
messages: In the penultimate step of the coagulation cascade, prothrombin is converted to thrombin by the prothrombinase complex composed of factor Xa (F10), cofactor Va (F5), and phospholipids. This activation requires factor Xa-catalyzed sequential cleavage at 2 sites, Arg-311 and Arg-360, along 2 possible pathways. In the first pathway, the first cleavage occurs at Arg-311, leading to the formation of the inactive intermediate prethrombin-2. This pathway preferentially occurs on platelets and in the absence of cofactor Va. In the second pathway, the first cleavage occurs at Arg-360, which separates protease domain into 2 chains that remain connected through a disulfide bond and generates the active intermediate meizothrombin. The presence of cofactor Va directs activation along the meizothrombin pathway and greatly accelerates the rate of cleavage at Arg-360, but has a smaller effect on the cleavage of meizothrombin at Arg-311. Meizothrombin accumulates as an intermediate when prothrombinase is assembled on the membrane of red blood cells.
messages: Inhibited by SERPINA5.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: The gamma-carboxyglutamyl residues, which bind calcium ions, result from the carboxylation of glutamyl residues by a microsomal enzyme, the vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. The modified residues are necessary for the calcium-dependent interaction with a negatively charged phospholipid surface, which is essential for the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
messages: Thrombin can itself cleave the N-terminal fragment (fragment 1) of the prothrombin, prior to its activation by factor Xa.
messages: Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing (By similarity).
messages: Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.

10090:Or14a258
gene id: 10090:Or14a258
uniprot id: Q7TS03
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim30d
gene id: 10090:Trim30d
uniprot id: E9PWL0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.

10090:F7
gene id: 10090:F7
uniprot id: P70375
uniprot id: Q542C2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Can be either O-glucosylated or O-xylosylated at Ser-93 by POGLUT1.
messages: Expression in the liver and plasma oscillates in a circadian manner.
messages: Heterodimer of a light chain and a heavy chain linked by a disulfide bond.
messages: Initiates the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Serine protease that circulates in the blood in a zymogen form. Factor VII is converted to factor VIIa by factor Xa, factor XIIa, factor IXa, or thrombin by minor proteolysis. In the presence of tissue factor and calcium ions, factor VIIa then converts factor X to factor Xa by limited proteolysis. Factor VIIa will also convert factor IX to factor IXa in the presence of tissue factor and calcium (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Plasma and liver.
messages: Secreted
messages: The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF domains.
messages: The vitamin K-dependent, enzymatic carboxylation of some glutamate residues allows the modified protein to bind calcium.

10090:Zfta
gene id: 10090:Zfta
uniprot id: Q4VA45
names: Sequence Caution
messages: Aberrant splicing.

10090:Prdm2
gene id: 10090:Prdm2
uniprot id: A2A7B5
uniprot id: B9EKQ3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mpst
gene id: 10090:Mpst
uniprot id: Q99J99
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By oxidative stress, and thioredoxin. Under oxidative stress conditions, the catalytic cysteine site is converted to a sulfenate which inhibits the MPST enzyme activity. Reduced thioredoxin cleaves an intersubunit disulfide bond to turn on the redox switch and reactivate the enzyme. Inhibited by different oxidants, hydrogen peroxide and tetrathionate.
messages: Contains two rhodanese domains with different primary structures but with near identical secondary structure conformations suggesting a common evolutionary origin. Only the C-terminal rhodanese domain contains the catalytic cysteine residue (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the brain and retina. In the retina, localized to the inner and outer plexiform layer, the inner and outer nuclear layer and the outer segments of photoreceptors. In the brain, localized to neurons of mitral cell layers, glomerular, and external plexiform layers in the olfactory bulb. Also found in Purkinje cell stomata and proximal dendrites. In the spinal cord, localized to large neurons. In the cerebral cortex, localized to pyramidial neurons in layers II/III and V, and in layers I-VI of neocortical areas. In the hippocampus, found in CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells.
messages: In the developing brain, maintained expression from 16 dpc to postnatal day 14. Levels decrease between postnatal day 28 and postnatal day 52 and increase again with further aging up to 156 days old.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer (active form). Homodimer; disulfide-linked (inactive form).
messages: Thioredoxin (Trx) or dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) are required to release hydrogen sulfide from the persulfide intermediate.
messages: Transfer of a sulfur ion to cyanide or to other thiol compounds. Also has weak rhodanese activity. Detoxifies cyanide and is required for thiosulfate biosynthesis. Acts as an antioxidant. In combination with cysteine aminotransferase (CAT), contributes to the catabolism of cysteine and is an important producer of hydrogen sulfide in the brain, retina and vascular endothelial cells. Hydrogen sulfide H(2)S is an important synaptic modulator, signaling molecule, smooth muscle contractor and neuroprotectant. Its production by the 3MST/CAT pathway is regulated by calcium ions.
messages: synaptosome

10090:Tnxb
gene id: 10090:Tnxb
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPH8
uniprot id: E9Q2T3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tenascin family.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ifnlr1
gene id: 10090:Ifnlr1
uniprot id: Q8CGK5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family.
messages: Heterodimer with IL10RB.
messages: Membrane
messages: The IFNLR1/IL10RB dimer is a receptor for the cytokine ligands IFNL2 and IFNL3 and mediates their antiviral activity. The ligand/receptor complex stimulate the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway leading to the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which contribute to the antiviral state. Determines the cell type specificity of the lambda interferon action. Shows a more restricted pattern of expression in the epithelial tissues thereby limiting responses to lambda interferons primarily to epithelial cells of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and reproductive tracts. Seems not to be essential for early virus-activated host defense in vaginal infection, but plays an important role in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced antiviral defense. Plays a significant role in the antiviral immune defense in the intestinal epithelium.
messages: The mice are viable and appear to be of normal size, behavior and reproductive ability. There is no effect on the ability to combat vaginal viral infection, but antiviral response evoked by Toll-like reseptor (TLR) stimulation is reduced. Mice also display enhanced rotavirus susceptibility associated with epithelial vacuolization, villus deformation and epithelial cell disruption.
messages: Ubiquitinated by FBXO45-containing E3 ligase leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Krtap16-3
gene id: 10090:Krtap16-3
uniprot id: Q8C1I6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 16 family.
messages: Expression in skin and hair follicle is regulated by HOXC13 and by GATA3.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.
messages: Strong expression in narrowly defined pattern restricted to the lower and middle cortical regions of the hair shaft in both developing and cycling hair. During hair follicle regression (catagen), expression levels decrease until expression is no longer detectable in follicles at resting stage (telogen).

10090:Stradb
gene id: 10090:Stradb
uniprot id: Q8K4T3
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity. Interacts with BIRC4/XIAP. These two proteins are likely to coexist in a complex with TAK1, TRAF6, TAB1 and TAB2 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pseudokinase which, in complex with CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta), binds to and activates STK11/LKB1. Adopts a closed conformation typical of active protein kinases and binds STK11/LKB1 as a pseudosubstrate, promoting conformational change of STK11/LKB1 in an active conformation (By similarity).
messages: Ser-184 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:Ttc27
gene id: 10090:Ttc27
uniprot id: Q8CD92
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TTC27 family.

10090:Mtx2
gene id: 10090:Mtx2
uniprot id: O88441
uniprot id: Q8C454
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the metaxin family.
messages: Interacts with MTX1/metaxin-1. Associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and QIL1/MIC13. This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1 and MTX2 (together described as components of the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex) and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9. The MICOS and SAM complexes together with DNAJC11 are part of a large protein complex spanning both membranes termed the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex (By similarity).
messages: Involved in transport of proteins into the mitochondrion.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Zbtb8a
gene id: 10090:Zbtb8a
uniprot id: Q9CWH1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rfc2
gene id: 10090:Rfc2
uniprot id: Q4KL82
uniprot id: Q9WUK4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
messages: Heterotetramer of subunits RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5 that can form a complex either with RFC1 or with RAD17. The former interacts with PCNA in the presence of ATP, while the latter has ATPase activity but is not stimulated by PCNA. RFC2 also interacts with PRKAR1A; the complex may be involved in cell survival. Interacts with DDX11.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongation of primed DNA templates by DNA polymerase delta and epsilon requires the action of the accessory proteins proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and activator 1. This subunit binds ATP (By similarity).

10090:Ms4a10
gene id: 10090:Ms4a10
uniprot id: Q99N03
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.
messages: Expressed in thymus, kidney, colon, brain and testis. Expressed also by various hematopoietic and lymphoblastoid cell lines.
messages: May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mkrn2
gene id: 10090:Mkrn2
uniprot id: Q9ERV1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins (PubMed:28378844). Promotes the polyubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of RELA/p65, thereby suppressing RELA-mediated NF-kappa-B transactivation and negatively regulating inflammatory responses (PubMed:28378844). Plays a role in the regulation of spermiation and in male fertility (PubMed:28008940).
messages: Highly expressed in the testis, and lower expression in the brain, thymus, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, ovary, uterus, and seminal vesicle (at protein level) (PubMed:28008940). Expressed in primary immune cells, such as CD4-positive and CD8-positive T cells, CD19-positive B cells and CD11c-positive dendritic cells, and in embryonic fibroblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:28378844).
messages: Interacts with PDLIM2 (via LIM zinc-binding domain) (PubMed:28378844). Interacts with RELA (PubMed:28378844).
messages: Male and female knockout mice are viable with a lighter birthweight than wild-type animals (PubMed:28008940). Causes infertility in male mice, whereas female mice are fertile, but display reduced fecundity (PubMed:28008940). Leads to abnormal sperms characterized by low number, poor motility, and aberrant morphology (PubMed:28008940). Sperms have deformed heads with abnormal or missing acrosomes, disorganized axonemal structure, and disorganized flagellar structure (PubMed:28008940). Complete loss of the axoneme doublets in one side of the fibrous sheath and disordered assembly of axoneme doublets (PubMed:28008940). Causes failure of sperm release (spermiation failure) and misarrangement of ectoplasmic specialization in testes, thus impairing spermiogenesis and spermiation (PubMed:28008940). Disrupted arrangement of ectoplasmic specialization, the adhesion junction found in Sertoli cells at sites of attachment to elongated spermatids or neighboring Sertoli cells in the testes, and decreased expression of Espn (PubMed:28008940). The outer dense fiber, which is an important component of flagellae, is absent or improperly arranged in epididymal sperms (PubMed:28008940). Decreased expression levels of Odf2 in spermatogenesis (PubMed:28008940).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Camkmt
gene id: 10090:Camkmt
uniprot id: B9EHP1
uniprot id: Q3U2J5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. CLNMT methyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the trimethylation of 'Lys-116' in calmodulin.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in most of the tissues examined, with the highest expression in the brain and muscle (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Monomer. Interacts with HSP90, probably as a client (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fcf1
gene id: 10090:Fcf1
uniprot id: Q9CTH6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UTP23/FCF1 family. FCF1 subfamily.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Noa1
gene id: 10090:Noa1
uniprot id: Q9JJG9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 dpc, weak but widespread expression. By 12.5 dpc prominently expressed in the liver and also detected in developing CNS and dorsal root ganglia. At 14.5 dpc, expression is intensified in bone.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. NOA1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in tissues associated with high mitochondria content including testes, heart, liver, brain and thymus. Also expressed in various bone cell lines.
messages: Homodimer or multimer. Interacts with mitochondrial complex I, DAP3, MRPL12 and MRPS27.
messages: Involved in regulation of mitochondrial protein translation and respiration. Plays a role in mitochondria-mediated cell death. May act as a scaffolding protein or stabilizer of respiratory chain supercomplexes. Binds GTP.
messages: Mice display mid-gestation lethality associated with a severe developmental defect of the embryo and trophoblast. Primary embryonic fibroblasts isolated from mutant 9.5 dpc embryos show deficient mitochondrial synthesis and a global defect of oxidative phosphorylation.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Fcrla
gene id: 10090:Fcrla
uniprot id: Q920A9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in spleen. Expressed in immature B-cell and B-cell lines.
messages: May be implicated in B-cell differentiation and lymphomagenesis.
messages: Monomer or homodimer; disulfide-linked.

10090:Sort1
gene id: 10090:Sort1
uniprot id: Q6PHU5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VPS10-related sortilin family. SORT1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain, particularly the piriform cortex, the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus.
messages: Expressed in the ectoderm at 7.5 dpc and within the germ cell layers at 8.5 dpc. Expressed within the neural epithelium and the neural tube at 9.5 dpc and subsequently expressed in the nervous system throughout development. Expression in the proliferative zones of the central nervous system declines between 14.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc, while expression remains high in the cerebral cortex and the neural retina. Expressed in the pituitary and the sensory epithelia throughout development.
messages: Functions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment and as a clearance receptor on the cell surface. Required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosomes by a pathway that is independent of the mannose-6-phosphate receptor (M6PR). Lysosomal proteins bind specifically to the receptor in the Golgi apparatus and the resulting receptor-ligand complex is transported to an acidic prelysosomal compartment where the low pH mediates the dissociation of the complex. The receptor is then recycled back to the Golgi for another round of trafficking through its binding to the retromer. Also required for protein transport from the Golgi apparatus to the endosomes. Promotes neuronal apoptosis by mediating endocytosis of the proapoptotic precursor forms of BDNF (proBDNF) and NGFB (proNGFB). Also acts as a receptor for neurotensin. May promote mineralization of the extracellular matrix during osteogenic differentiation by scavenging extracellular LPL. Probably required in adipocytes for the formation of specialized storage vesicles containing the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 (GLUT4 storage vesicles, or GSVs). These vesicles provide a stable pool of SLC2A4 and confer increased responsiveness to insulin. May also mediate transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Interacts with the cytosolic adapter proteins GGA1 and GGA2. Interacts with numerous ligands including the receptor-associated protein LRPAP1/RAP, NTS and GM2A. Forms a complex with NGFR which binds specifically to the precursor forms of NGFB (proNGFB) and BDNF (proBDNF). Interacts with the Trk receptors NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3; may regulate their anterograde axonal transport and signaling (By similarity). Interacts with LPL (PubMed:10085125). Interacts with PSAP (PubMed:15236332). Interacts with SLC2A4 (PubMed:15992544). Interacts with NRADD and NGFR (PubMed:19407813). Interaction with NRADD protects against degradation in the lysosome. Interacts with CLN5 (By similarity). Interacts with GRN; this interaction mediates endocytosis and lysosome delivery of progranulin; interaction occurs at the neuronal cell surface in a stressed nervous system (By similarity). Interacts with the heterotrimeric retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC), also described as vacuolar protein sorting subcomplex (VPS), formed by VPS26 (VPS26A or VPS26B), VPS29 and VPS35; which is involved in retrograde trafficking of the receptor from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus (By similarity). Interacts with SMPD1; the interaction is required for SMPD1 targeting to lysosomes (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Palmitoylated. Undergoes cysteine S-palmitoylation which promotes the partitioning of the receptor into an endosomal membrane subdomain where it can interact with the retromer cargo-selective complex which mediates its retrograde trafficking to the Golgi apparatus.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-819 facilitates the interaction with GGA1.
messages: The N-terminal propeptide is cleaved by furin and possibly other homologous proteases.
messages: The N-terminal propeptide may facilitate precursor transport within the Golgi stack. Intrachain binding of the N-terminal propeptide and the extracellular domain may also inhibit premature ligand binding (By similarity).
messages: The extracellular domain may be shed following protease cleavage in some cell types.

10090:Stk4
gene id: 10090:Stk4
uniprot id: Q9JI11
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. Phosphorylation at Thr-387 by PKB/AKT1, leads to inhibition of its: kinase activity, nuclear translocation and autophosphorylation at Thr-183. It also diminishes its cleavage by caspases and its ability to phosphorylate FOXO3 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; mediated via the coiled-coil region. Interacts with NORE1, which inhibits autoactivation. Interacts with and stabilizes SAV1. Interacts with RASSF1. Interacts with FOXO3. Interacts with RASSF2 (via SARAH domain). Interacts with AR, PKB/AKT1, TNNI3 and SIRT1. Interacts with MARK3 and SCRIB in the presence of DLG5 (By similarity). Interacts with DLG5 (via PDZ domain 3) (PubMed:28087714).
messages: Inhibited by the C-terminal non-catalytic region. Activated by caspase-cleavage. Full activation also requires homodimerization and autophosphorylation of Thr-183. Activated by RASSF1 which acts by preventing its dephosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Mice show progressive hepatomegaly with a 2-fold increase in liver mass relative to total body mass at 1 month of age and a 3-fold increase by 3 months of age.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis at Asp-326 resulting in a 37 kDa form. Proteolytic cleavage results in kinase activation and nuclear translocation of the truncated form (MST1/N).
messages: Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 are required to repress proliferation of mature hepatocytes, to prevent activation of facultative adult liver stem cells (oval cells), and to inhibit tumor formation. Phosphorylates 'Ser-14' of histone H2B (H2BS14ph) during apoptosis. Phosphorylates FOXO3 upon oxidative stress, which results in its nuclear translocation and cell death initiation. Phosphorylates MOBKL1A, MOBKL1B and RASSF2. Phosphorylates TNNI3 (cardiac Tn-I) and alters its binding affinity to TNNC1 (cardiac Tn-C) and TNNT2 (cardiac Tn-T). Phosphorylates FOXO1 on 'Ser-212' and regulates its activation and stimulates transcription of PMAIP1 in a FOXO1-dependent manner. Phosphorylates SIRT1 and inhibits SIRT1-mediated p53/TP53 deacetylation, thereby promoting p53/TP53 dependent transcription and apoptosis upon DNA damage. Acts as an inhibitor of PKB/AKT1. Phosphorylates AR on 'Ser-650' and suppresses its activity by intersecting with PKB/AKT1 signaling and antagonizing formation of AR-chromatin complexes (By similarity).

10090:Rpgrip1l
gene id: 10090:Rpgrip1l
uniprot id: Q8CG73
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RPGRIP1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression was detected throughout embryonic development as early as 8.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with NPHP4 and NPHP1; NPHP1, NPHP4 and RPGRIP1L are proposed to form a functional NPHP1-4-8 module localized to cell-cell contacts and the ciliary transition zone; NPHP4 mediates the interaction between NPHP1 and RPGRIP1L. Interacts with IQCB1; the interaction likely requires additional interactors (PubMed:21565611). Interacts with TBXA2R (via C-terminus), RPGR, NEK4. Interacts with NPHP4, INVS and DVL2; proposed to form a complex involved in DVL2 stabilization (By similarity). Interacts with PSMD2 (PubMed:26150391).
messages: Negatively regulates signaling through the G-protein coupled thromboxane A2 receptor (TBXA2R) (By similarity). May be involved in mechanisms like programmed cell death, craniofacial development, patterning of the limbs, and formation of the left-right axis. Involved in the organization of apical junctions; the function is proposed to implicate a NPHP1-4-8 module. Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis (By similarity). Involved in establishment of planar cell polarity such as in cochlear sensory epithelium and is proposed to implicate stabilization of disheveled proteins (PubMed:22927466). Involved in regulation of proteasomal activity at the primary cilium probably implicating association with PSDM2 (PubMed:26150391).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Not found in heart and skin.
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: tight junction

10090:Prrx2
gene id: 10090:Prrx2
uniprot id: A2APZ7
uniprot id: Q06348
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family.
messages: In the embryo, expressed in craniofacial mesenchyme, limb, heart, somites and sclerotomes. Absent from central and peripheral nervous systems, splanchnopleure and ectodermal derivatives.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lcmt1
gene id: 10090:Lcmt1
uniprot id: A2RTH5
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. LCMT family.
messages: Methylates the carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine residue of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunits to form alpha-leucine ester residues.

10090:Arhgef9
gene id: 10090:Arhgef9
uniprot id: Q3UTH8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for CDC42. Promotes formation of GPHN clusters (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in embryonic and adult brain.
messages: Interacts with GPHN.
messages: Postsynaptic density

10090:Serpinb3b
gene id: 10090:Serpinb3b
uniprot id: Q9D1Q5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Gemin6
gene id: 10090:Gemin6
uniprot id: Q9CX53
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Part of the core SMN complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8 and STRAP/UNRIP. Part of the SMN-Sm complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8, STRAP/UNRIP and the Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG. Interacts with GEMIN7; the interaction is direct. Interacts with GEMIN8; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SNRPB, SNRPD2, SNRPD3 and SNRPE; the interaction is direct.
messages: The SMN complex catalyzes the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome, and thereby plays an important role in the splicing of cellular pre-mRNAs. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP (Sm core). In the cytosol, the Sm proteins SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG are trapped in an inactive 6S pICln-Sm complex by the chaperone CLNS1A that controls the assembly of the core snRNP. To assemble core snRNPs, the SMN complex accepts the trapped 5Sm proteins from CLNS1A forming an intermediate. Binding of snRNA inside 5Sm triggers eviction of the SMN complex, thereby allowing binding of SNRPD3 and SNRPB to complete assembly of the core snRNP (By similarity).
messages: gem
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Dgkd
gene id: 10090:Dgkd
uniprot id: E9PUQ8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Diacylglycerol kinase that converts diacylglycerol/DAG into phosphatidic acid/phosphatidate/PA and regulates the respective levels of these two bioactive lipids (PubMed:17021016). Thereby, acts as a central switch between the signaling pathways activated by these second messengers with different cellular targets and opposite effects in numerous biological processes (PubMed:17021016). By controlling the levels of diacylglycerol, regulates for instance the PKC and EGF receptor signaling pathways and plays a crucial role during development (PubMed:17021016). May also regulate clathrin-dependent endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomer. Monomer. Interacts with AP2A2; regulates clathrin-dependent endocytosis.
messages: Homozygous knockout of dgkd is lethal (PubMed:17021016). Fetuses are smaller and newborn mice develop respiratory difficulty and die within 24 hours after birth (PubMed:17021016). They show an abnormal open-eyelids phenotype which is associated with significant reduction of the expression of the EGF receptor/EGFR in the basal layer of the epidermis (PubMed:17021016).
messages: The PH domain mediates association with membranes.
messages: The SAM domain mediates homooligomerization.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Taf6
gene id: 10090:Taf6
uniprot id: Q62311
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TAF6 family.
messages: Component of the TFIID basal transcription factor complex, composed of TATA-box-binding protein TBP, and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13. Interacts directly with TBP, TAF1/TAFII250, TAF9/TAFII31 and TAF12/TAFII20. The TAF6/TAFII70-TAF9/TAFII31 heterodimer forms an octamer complex with the TAF4B/TFII105-TAF12/TFIID20 heterodimer. Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BAP18, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, MYST1/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10. Also interacts with the GTFs, TFIIEalpha/GTF2E1 and TFIIFalpha/GTF2F1. Component of the TBP-free TAFII-histone acetylase complex (TFTC-HAT) (By similarity). Interacts with TP53/p53 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The TFIID basal transcription factor complex plays a major role in the initiation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription. TFIID recognizes and binds promoters with or without a TATA box via its subunit TBP, a TATA-box-binding protein, and promotes assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC). The TFIID complex consists of TBP and TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13. The TFIID complex structure can be divided into 3 modules TFIID-A, TFIID-B, and TFIID-C. TAF6 homodimer connects TFIID modules, forming a rigid core.

10090:Pnp
gene id: 10090:Pnp
uniprot id: P23492
uniprot id: Q543K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 10-week old, mice have a smaller cerebellum, corpus callosum and thalamus and motor abnormalities (PubMed:22521465). Normal number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum at birth but numbers start to decrease as mice get older (PubMed:22521465). Purkinje cells in the cerebellum have an irregular shape, a granular cytoplasm and degenerated dendrites characterized by fewer dendritic spines processes (PubMed:22521465). Loss of inosine phosphorylase activity in cerebellum, liver and kidney (PubMed:22521465). In the thymus, causes a 2-fold increase in the frequency of immature CD4(-) CD8(-) double negative (DN) thymocytes and a decrease in the total cell numbers of CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive (DP), and CD4(+) and CD8(+) single positive (SP) thymocytes due to an increase in apoptosis (PubMed:10859343). In the spleen and lymph nodes, numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells are reduced and the frequency of immature CD19(+)IgM(+) pre-B cells is increased without affecting the frequency of IgM(+) mature B-cells (PubMed:10859343). In the spleen, numbers of myeloid cells are also increased (PubMed:10859343). In thymocytes, mitochondrial dGTP levels are increased, and GTP levels and deoxyguanosine kinase activity are reduced (PubMed:10859343). Accumulation of dGTP in the mitochondria of thymocytes is probably causing thymocyte apoptosis by interfering with the repair of mitochondrial DNA damage (PubMed:10859343). Cytotoxic T-cells-mediated killing is impaired in absence of IL2 (PubMed:10859343). In urine, levels of inosine, deoxyinosine, guanosine, and deoxyguanosine are increased (PubMed:10859343).
messages: Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate (PubMed:10859343) (Probable). Preferentially acts on 6-oxopurine nucleosides including inosine and guanosine (Probable).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Four electrophoretic alleles of NP are known; NPA (shown here), NPB, NPC and NPD.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate.

10090:Cdk8
gene id: 10090:Cdk8
uniprot id: Q8R3L8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in regulated gene transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional pre-initiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. Phosphorylates the CTD (C-terminal domain) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (RNAp II), which may inhibit the formation of a transcription initiation complex. Phosphorylates CCNH leading to down-regulation of the TFIIH complex and transcriptional repression. Recruited through interaction with MAML1 to hyperphosphorylate the intracellular domain of NOTCH, leading to its degradation (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. The cylin/CDK pair formed by CCNC/CDK8 also associates with the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. Interacts with CTNNB1, GLI3 and MAML1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm21462
gene id: 10090:Gm21462
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Fcmr
gene id: 10090:Fcmr
uniprot id: A1KXC4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in the immune system processes. Protects cells from FAS-, TNF alpha- and FADD-induced apoptosis without increasing expression of the inhibitors of apoptosis BCL2 and BCLXL. Seems to activate an inhibitory pathway that prevents CASP8 activation following FAS stimulation, rather than blocking apoptotic signals downstream. May inhibit FAS-induced apoptosis by preventing CASP8 processing through CFLAR up-regulation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: The Ig-like domain is required for the anti-apoptotic ability.

10090:Or2a52
gene id: 10090:Or2a52
uniprot id: Q8VEV1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ebf1
gene id: 10090:Ebf1
uniprot id: Q07802
uniprot id: Q3UTW6
uniprot id: Q5SWK4
uniprot id: Q5SWK5
uniprot id: Q8CBL7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the COE family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in early B-cells, spleen, lymph node and adipose tissue, and at low levels in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and kidney. In adult expressed in olfactory epithelium, in spleen, and at a lesser extent in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, heart, kidney, lung, thymus and testis. In embryo expressed in dorsal thalamus and epithalamus, at a lower level in mesencephalon and in the caudal rhombencephalon, in the postmitotic cells of developing retina, highly in developing spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia and in glossopharyngeal nerve ganglia, in developing inner ear.
messages: First detected at 9.5 dpc.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9151732, PubMed:20876732). Interacts with ZNF423 and ZNF521, leading to prevent EBF1 to bind DNA and activate target genes (By similarity). Interacts with CCR4-NOT component CNOT3 (By similarity).
messages: Key pioneer transcription factor of B-cell specification and commitment (PubMed:1915300, PubMed:7542362, PubMed:23812095). Recognizes variations of the palindromic sequence 5'-ATTCCCNNGGGAATT-3' (PubMed:20876732). Operates in a transcription factor network to activate B-cell-specific genes and repress genes associated with alternative cell fates (PubMed:23812095, PubMed:20451411). For instance, positively regulates many B-cell specific genes including BCR or CD40 while repressing genes that direct cells into alternative lineages, including GATA3 and TCF7 for the T-cell lineage (PubMed:23812095, PubMed:20451411). In addition to its role during lymphopoiesis, controls the thermogenic gene program in adipocytes during development and in response to environmental cold (PubMed:32130892).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Targeted disruption in mice results in animals with a severe defect in early B-cell development. EBF1 heterozygous mice exhibit an approximately 2-fold decrease in the number of cells in the pro-B lymphocyte compartment, indicating that normal B-cell development depends on the presence of two wild-type EBF1 alleles (PubMed:7542362). Adipocyte-specific deletion mutant reveals a modest reduction of UCP1 expression, a mitochondrial protein responsible for thermogenic respiration. Double mutants EBF1/EBF2 show a more severe reduction of UCP1 expression (PubMed:32130892).

10090:Trmt5
gene id: 10090:Trmt5
uniprot id: Q9D0C4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in mitochondrial tRNA methylation (By similarity). Specifically methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 in various tRNAs. Methylation is not dependent on the nature of the nucleoside 5' of the target nucleoside. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base adjacent to the anticodon of tRNAs and required for accurate decoding.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Firrm
gene id: 10090:Firrm
uniprot id: Q3TQQ9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts (via its N-terminal region) with PLK1; controls PLK1 kinase activity. Interacts (via the KVVXF motif) with PPP1CC; controls PLK1 kinase activity. Interacts with FIGNL1; may regulate homologous recombination.
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-101 by PLK1 strengthens FIRRM-PLK1 interaction. Phosphorylation at Ser-795 by PLK1 negatively regulates its interaction with PPP1CC.
messages: Regulates PLK1 kinase activity at kinetochores and promotes faithful chromosome segregation in prometaphase by bridging kinase and phosphatase activities. Phosphorylation of FIRRM by PLK1 negatively regulates its interaction with the phosphatase, PPP1CC, thus creating a negative feedback loop for maintaining proper PLK1 kinase activity during mitosis. In complex with FIGL1 may regulate homologous recombination.
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Cast
gene id: 10090:Cast
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VJN8
uniprot id: P51125
uniprot id: Q3TTN2
uniprot id: Q8C281
uniprot id: Q8CB83
uniprot id: Q8CE04
uniprot id: Q8CE80
uniprot id: Q921U7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I27 (calpastatin) family.
messages: Each of the four flexible inhibitory domains can inhibit one calcium-bound calpain molecule by occupying both sides of the active site.
messages: Isoform 2 is the major form in all tissues examined. Isoform 1 accounts for 5-10% in tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver and brain, and 30% in myoblasts. Isoforms 4 and 5 are testis-specific. Isoform 6 is highly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle with lower levels in liver, brain and testis. Isoform 7 is expressed at high levels in liver.
messages: Specific inhibition of calpain (calcium-dependent cysteine protease). Plays a key role in postmortem tenderization of meat and have been proposed to be involved in muscle protein degradation in living tissue.

10090:Or2ah1
gene id: 10090:Or2ah1
uniprot id: A2ASV3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or8k3
gene id: 10090:Or8k3
uniprot id: Q8VGS0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lipo3
gene id: 10090:Lipo3
uniprot id: Q3UT41
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.

10090:Mphosph8
gene id: 10090:Mphosph8
uniprot id: Q3TYA6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and granular cells within the cerebellum.
messages: Heterochromatin component that specifically recognizes and binds methylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me) and promotes recruitment of proteins that mediate epigenetic repression. Mediates recruitment of the HUSH complex to H3K9me3 sites: the HUSH complex is recruited to genomic loci rich in H3K9me3 and is required to maintain transcriptional silencing by promoting recruitment of SETDB1, a histone methyltransferase that mediates further deposition of H3K9me3, as well as MORC2. Binds H3K9me and promotes DNA methylation by recruiting DNMT3A to target CpG sites; these can be situated within the coding region of the gene. Mediates down-regulation of CDH1 expression. Also represses L1 retrotransposons in collaboration with MORC2 and, probably, SETDB1, the silencing is dependent of repressive epigenetic modifications, such as H3K9me3 mark. Silencing events often occur within introns of transcriptionally active genes, and lead to the down-regulation of host gene expression. The HUSH complex is also involved in the silencing of unintegrated retroviral DNA by being recruited by ZNF638: some part of the retroviral DNA formed immediately after infection remains unintegrated in the host genome and is transcriptionally repressed.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via chromo domain) with histone H3K9me3. Has the highest affinity for H3K9me3, and lesser affinity for H3K9me2 and H3K9me1. Component of the HUSH complex; at least composed of TASOR, PPHLN1 and MPHOSPH8. Interacts with DNMT3, EHMT1 and SETDB1. Interacts with MORC2; the interaction associateS MORC2 with the HUSH complex which recruits MORC2 to heterochromatic loci. Interacts with ZNF638; leading to recruitment of the HUSH complex to unintegrated retroviral DNA (By similarity). Interacts with TASOR (PubMed:31112734).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in M (mitotic) phase. Phosphorylation by CDK1 promotes dissociation from chromatin.
messages: The chromo domain mediates interaction with methylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me), with the highest affinity for the trimethylated form (H3K9me3).

10090:Zkscan2
gene id: 10090:Zkscan2
uniprot id: G3X952
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rnf144b
gene id: 10090:Rnf144b
uniprot id: Q8BKD6
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the RBR family. RNF144 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBE2L3 and UBE2L6 in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates such as LCMT2, thereby promoting their degradation. Induces apoptosis via a p53/TP53-dependent but caspase-independent mechanism. However, its overexpression also produces a decrease of the ubiquitin-dependent stability of BAX, a pro-apoptotic protein, ultimately leading to protection of cell death; But, it is not an anti-apoptotic protein per se (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with UBE2L3, UBE2L6 and LCMT2 as well as with BAX.
messages: Lacks the His residue in the RING-type domain 2 that is one of the conserved features of the family.
messages: Members of the RBR family are atypical E3 ligases. They interact with the E2 conjugating enzyme UBE2L3 and function like HECT-type E3 enzymes: they bind E2s via the first RING domain, but require an obligate trans-thiolation step during the ubiquitin transfer, requiring a conserved cysteine residue in the second RING domain.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Wdr43
gene id: 10090:Wdr43
uniprot id: Q6ZQL4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UTP5 family.
messages: Detected at low levels at least in heart, liver, lung, spleen, thymus and hippocampus.
messages: Expressed during embryonic development, expression decreases at morula stage.
messages: N-terminal domain is required for nucleoplasm location and C-terminal domain for nucleolus location.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3 (By similarity). May be a component of the proposed t-UTP subcomplex of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome containing at least UTP4, WDR43, HEATR1, UTP15, WDR75 (By similarity). Binds to RNA; binding is required for its chromatin association (PubMed:31128943). Interacts with CDK9, DDX21 and SUPT6H (PubMed:31128943). Interacts with RNA polymerase II (PubMed:31128943). Interacts directly with UTP4 and UTP15 (By similarity).
messages: Ribosome biogenesis factor that coordinates hyperactive transcription and ribogenesis. Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Required for optimal pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase I (By similarity). Essential for stem cell pluripotency and embryonic development (PubMed:31128943). In the nucleoplasm, recruited by promoter-associated/nascent transcripts and transcription to active promoters where it facilitates releases of elongation factor P-TEFb and paused RNA polymerase II to allow transcription elongation and maintain high-level expression of its targets genes (PubMed:31128943).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleolus fibrillar center
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Slc29a1
gene id: 10090:Slc29a1
uniprot id: Q3TCZ2
uniprot id: Q9JIM1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC29A/ENT transporter (TC 2.A.57) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cys-418 near TM10 is a major determinant of nucleobase transport activity.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Highly expressed in heart, spleen, lung, liver and testis. Lower level of expression in brain and kidney (PubMed:11027664). Expressed in adipose tissues, brown adipocytes expressing significantly higher amounts than white adipocytes (PubMed:35790189). Expressed in seminiferous tubules (PubMed:23639800).
messages: Identified in a complex with STOM.
messages: Knockout mice show an increase in extracellular inosine levels and consequently enhancement differentiation and thermogenic capacity of brown adipocytes (PubMed:35790189). Knockout mice show an increased brown adipocyte tissue function and browning of white adipocyte tissue, and are resistant to diet-induced obesity (PubMed:35790189).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Transporter activity is sensitive to low concentrations of the inhibitor nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR).
messages: Uniporter involved in the facilitative transport of nucleosides and nucleobases, and contributes to maintaining their cellular homeostasis (PubMed:11085929, PubMed:35790189). Functions as a Na(+)-independent transporter (By similarity). Involved in the transport of nucleosides such as adenosine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, thymidine and cytidine (PubMed:11085929, PubMed:35790189, PubMed:23639800). Also transports purine (hypoxanthine, adenine, guanine) and pyrimidine nucleobases (thymine, uracil) (By similarity). Mediates basolateral nucleoside uptake into Sertoli cells, thereby regulating the transport of nucleosides in testis across the blood-testis-barrier (By similarity). Regulates inosine levels in brown adipocytes tissues (BAT) and extracellular inosine levels, which controls BAT-dependent energy expenditure (PubMed:35790189).

10090:Hspa4l
gene id: 10090:Hspa4l
uniprot id: P48722
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
messages: By hyperosmolar salt stress and heat shock.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Also expressed in renal medulla of water-restricted animals.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possesses chaperone activity in vitro where it inhibits aggregation of citrate synthase.

10090:Nck2
gene id: 10090:Nck2
uniprot id: O55033
uniprot id: Q8BQ28
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein which associates with tyrosine-phosphorylated growth factor receptors or their cellular substrates. Maintains low levels of EIF2S1 phosphorylation by promoting its dephosphorylation by PP1. Plays a role in ELK1-dependent transcriptional activation in response to activated Ras signaling (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with DOCK1, LIMS1 and TGFB1I1. Part of a complex containing PPP1R15B, PP1 and NCK2. Interacts with FASLG. Interacts with AXL. Interacts with PAK1, PKN2 and SOS1. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with EGFR. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with DDR1 (By similarity).

10090:Npepl1
gene id: 10090:Npepl1
uniprot id: Q3UD03
uniprot id: Q6NSR8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M17 family.
messages: Probably catalyzes the removal of unsubstituted N-terminal amino acids from various peptides.

10090:Kcnip1
gene id: 10090:Kcnip1
uniprot id: Q9JJ57
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the recoverin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of heteromultimeric potassium channels (PubMed:19713751). Identified in potassium channel complexes containing KCND1, KCND2, KCND3, KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3, KCNIP4, DPP6 and DPP10 (PubMed:19713751). Part of a heterooctamer composed of the tetrameric channel and four KCNIP1 chains (By similarity). Interacts with KCND3 and the N-terminal domain of KCND2. Probably part of a complex consisting of KCNIP1, KCNIP2 isoform 3 and KCND2. Self-associates to form homodimers and homotetramers. Interacts with KCNIP2 isoform 3 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain. Found in a subpopulation of neurons widely distributed and enriched in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum and in the reticular thalamic and medial habenular nuclei.
messages: Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Regulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner. Modulates KCND2/Kv4.2 currents (PubMed:14572458). In vitro, modulates KCND1/Kv4.1 currents (By similarity). Increases the presence of KCND2 at the cell surface.
messages: dendrite

10090:Zfp28
gene id: 10090:Zfp28
uniprot id: P10078
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed predominantly in ovary.
messages: Expression decreases in embryo after day 16.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. May have a role in embryonic development.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Psme2
gene id: 10090:Psme2
uniprot id: G3X9V0
uniprot id: P97372
uniprot id: Q5SVP3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PA28 family.
messages: By interferon gamma.
messages: Heterodimer of PSME1 and PSME2, which forms a hexameric ring.
messages: Implicated in immunoproteasome assembly and required for efficient antigen processing. The PA28 activator complex enhances the generation of class I binding peptides by altering the cleavage pattern of the proteasome.

10090:Rnf121
gene id: 10090:Rnf121
uniprot id: Q8R1Z9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RNF121 family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase which accepts ubiquitin and transfers it to substrates thereby promoting their degradation by the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway which is a pathway involved in ubiquitin-dependent degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum proteins (By similarity). May regulate the unfolded protein response to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Mettl9
gene id: 10090:Mettl9
uniprot id: Q9EPL4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the METTL9 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in liver, colon, small intestine, skin, kidney and to a lesser extent in spleen, lung, thymus and stomach. Not detected in fibroblast and endothelial cells.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Protein-histidine N-methyltransferase that specifically catalyzes 1-methylhistidine (pros-methylhistidine) methylation of target proteins (PubMed:33563959, PubMed:34218407). Mediates methylation of proteins with a His-x-His (HxH) motif (where 'x' is preferably a small amino acid) (PubMed:33563959, PubMed:34218407). Catalyzes methylation of target proteins such as S100A9, NDUFB3, SLC39A5, SLC39A7, ARMC6 and DNAJB12; 1-methylhistidine modification may affect the binding of zinc and other metals to its target proteins (PubMed:33563959, PubMed:34218407). Constitutes the main methyltransferase for the 1-methylhistidine modification in cell (PubMed:33563959).

10090:Efnb3
gene id: 10090:Efnb3
uniprot id: O35393
uniprot id: Q543Q7
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ephrin family.
messages: Cell surface transmembrane ligand for Eph receptors, a family of receptor tyrosine kinases which are crucial for migration, repulsion and adhesion during neuronal, vascular and epithelial development. Binds promiscuously Eph receptors residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. May play a pivotal role in forebrain function. Binds to, and induce the collapse of, commissural axons/growth cones in vitro. May play a role in constraining the orientation of longitudinally projecting axons.
messages: Expressed in the floor plate throughout the period of commissural axon pathfinding (PubMed:9484836, PubMed:10704386). In myogenic progenitor cells, highly expressed during early development (11.5 dpc) and progressively repressed as developments proceeds (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Expressed on lateral floor plate cells, specifically on commissural axon segments that have passed through the floor plate. Expressed in cells of the retinal ganglion cell layer during retinal axon guidance to the optic disk (PubMed:9484836, PubMed:10704386). Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Interacts with GRIP1 and GRIP2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Glyr1
gene id: 10090:Glyr1
uniprot id: D3YYT1
uniprot id: Q922P9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. NP60 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytokine-like nuclear factor with chromatin gene reader activity involved in chromatin modification and regulation of gene expression (PubMed:29759984). Acts as a nucleosome-destabilizing factor that is recruited to genes during transcriptional activation. Recognizes and binds histone H3 without a preference for specific epigenetic markers and also binds DNA. Interacts with KDM1B and promotes its histone demethylase activity by facilitating the capture of H3 tails, they form a multifunctional enzyme complex that modifies transcribed chromatin and facilitates Pol II transcription through nucleosomes. Stimulates the acetylation of 'Lys-56' of nucleosomal histone H3 (H3K56ac) by EP300 (By similarity). With GATA4, co-binds a defined set of heart development genes and coregulates their expression during cardiomyocyte differentiation (PubMed:35182466). Regulates p38 MAP kinase activity by mediating stress activation of MAPK14/p38alpha and specifically regulating MAPK14 signaling. Indirectly promotes phosphorylation of MAPK14 and activation of ATF2. The phosphorylation of MAPK14 requires upstream activity of MAP2K4 and MAP2K6 (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramere. Interacts with MAPK14. Interacts with KDM1B at nucleosomes; this interaction stimulates H3K4me1 and H3K4me2 demethylation. Binds to mononucleosomes. Interacts with GATA4; the interaction is required for a synergistic activation of GATA4 target genes transcription.
messages: In the dehydrogenase domain, the conserved NAD(P)H-binding sites and sequence similarity to plant dehydrogenases suggest that this protein may have oxidoreductase activity. However, since the active site is not conserved, the dehydrogenase domain seems to serve as a catalytically inert oligomerization module.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The A.T hook DNA-binding domain is required for the interaction with MAPK14.
messages: The PWWP domain is a H3 reader and strongly binds DNA.

10090:Nop2
gene id: 10090:Nop2
uniprot id: E9QN31
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tas2r130
gene id: 10090:Tas2r130
uniprot id: P59530
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed in 15% taste bud cells in circumvallate and foliate papillae but only in 2% in fungiform papillae. Expressed in gastric and duodenal tissues.
messages: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5.
messages: Membrane
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Vps72
gene id: 10090:Vps72
uniprot id: Q62481
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VPS72/YL1 family.
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which contains the catalytic subunit KAT5/TIP60 and the subunits EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, ING3, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, MORF4L1/MRG15, MORF4L2/MRGX, MRGBP, YEATS4/GAS41 and VPS72/YL1. Component of a NuA4-related complex which contains EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, SRCAP, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, VPS72 and YEATS4/GAS41. Also part of a multiprotein complex which contains SRCAP and which binds to H2AZ1/H2AZ. Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with H2AZ1; the interaction is enhanced by VPS72 phosphorylation which is promoted by ZNHIT1 (PubMed:30842416).
messages: Deposition-and-exchange histone chaperone specific for H2AZ1, specifically chaperones H2AZ1 and deposits it into nucleosomes. As component of the SRCAP complex, mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2AZ1/H2B dimers for nucleosomal H2A/H2B, leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling.
messages: In all tissues examined, most abundantly in brain and thymus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation is enhanced by ZNHIT1 and promotes the interaction of VPS72 with histone H2AZ1.

10090:Mrps6
gene id: 10090:Mrps6
uniprot id: P58064
uniprot id: Q3TLQ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS6 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Cd160
gene id: 10090:Cd160
uniprot id: O88875
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in resting and activated NK cell subsets (at protein level) (PubMed:25711213, PubMed:16177084). Expressed in resting NKT cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16177084). Expressed in activated CD8+ T cells (at protein level). Highly expressed in intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) subsets, particularly in innate-like CD8A-positive IELs (at protein level) (PubMed:22801499).
messages: Homomultimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules (PubMed:16177084). Interacts with TNFRSF14 (via cysteine-rich domain 1); this interaction is direct (PubMed:18193050). Interacts with LCK and CD247/CD3 zeta chain (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Receptor on immune cells capable to deliver stimulatory or inhibitory signals that regulate cell activation and differentiation. Exists as a GPI-anchored and as a transmembrane form, each likely initiating distinct signaling pathways via phosphoinositol 3-kinase in activated NK cells and via LCK and CD247/CD3 zeta chain in activated T cells (By similarity). Receptor for both classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules (PubMed:16177084). Receptor or ligand for TNF superfamily member TNFRSF14, participating in bidirectional cell-cell contact signaling between antigen presenting cells and lymphocytes. Upon ligation of TNFRSF14, provides stimulatory signal to NK cells enhancing IFNG production and anti-tumor immune response (PubMed:25711213). On activated CD4+ T cells, interacts with TNFRSF14 and down-regulates CD28 costimulatory signaling, restricting memory and alloantigen-specific immune response (By similarity). In the context of bacterial infection, acts as a ligand for TNFRSF14 on epithelial cells, triggering the production of antimicrobial proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:22801499).
messages: Secreted
messages: The soluble GPI-cleaved form, usually released by activated lymphocytes, might play an immune regulatory role by limiting lymphocyte effector functions.

10090:Cnga1
gene id: 10090:Cnga1
uniprot id: P29974
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel (TC 1.A.1.5) family. CNGA1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms a heterotetramer with CNGB1 in a 3:1 ratio. May also form cyclic nucleotide-activated homotetrameric channels, that are efficiently activated by saturating cGMP, but poorly activated by saturating cAMP compared to the heterotetramer with CNGB1.
messages: Rod cells in the retina and inner medulla of kidney.
messages: Subunit of the rod cyclic GMP-gated cation channel, which is involved in the final stage of the phototransduction pathway. When light hits rod photoreceptors, cGMP concentrations decrease causing rapid closure of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels and, therefore, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential.
messages: The C-terminal coiled-coil domain mediates homotrimerization of CNGA subunits.

10090:Asb5
gene id: 10090:Asb5
uniprot id: Q2VPQ8
uniprot id: Q9D1A4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: May be a substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. May play a role in the initiation of arteriogenesis (By similarity).
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Adgrl3
gene id: 10090:Adgrl3
uniprot id: D3Z3X6
uniprot id: D3Z634
uniprot id: D3Z6H9
uniprot id: Q80TS3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. LN-TM7 subfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT3 (via extracellular domain); the interaction is direct(PubMed:22405201, PubMed:24739570, PubMed:26235031). Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and UNC5B; does not interact with UNC5B by itself. Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and UNC5D; does not interact with UNC5D by itself (By similarity). Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT1 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:22405201). Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT2 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25728924). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TENM1 (PubMed:24739570). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TENM3 (PubMed:22405201).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are viable and present no obvious physical phenotype. Compared to wild-type, mutants are hyperactive, and their dorsal striatum contains higher levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Cocaine treatment causes a higher increase in locomotor activity than in wild-type.
messages: O-glycosylated (major) and N-glycosylated.
messages: Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and neuron guidance via its interactions with FLRT2 and FLRT3 that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25728924, PubMed:26235031). Plays a role in the development of glutamatergic synapses in the cortex (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:24739570). Important in determining the connectivity rates between the principal neurons in the cortex (PubMed:24739570).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved into 2 subunits, an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit.
messages: The Olfactomedin-like domain is required for the synapse-promoting function and the interaction with FLRT3. The Olfactomedin-like and the SUEL-type lectin domains are required for the interaction with TENM1.
messages: axon

10090:Csrp1
gene id: 10090:Csrp1
uniprot id: P97315
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Could play a role in neuronal development.
messages: Interacts with ASCC1; ASCC2 and TRIP4.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tnfaip1
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip1
uniprot id: O70479
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BACURD family.
messages: Component of the BCR(TNFAIP1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, TNFAIP1/BACURD2 and RBX1. Interacts with RHOA; with a preference for RhoA-GDP. Interacts with RHOB. Interacts with PCNA. Interacts with CSNK2B (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-280 by CK2 facilitates the nucleus localization and increases interaction with PCNA.
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex involved in regulation of cytoskeleton structure. The BCR(TNFAIP1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of RHOA, leading to its degradation by the proteasome, thereby regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell migration. Its interaction with RHOB may regulate apoptosis. May enhance the PCNA-dependent DNA polymerase delta activity (By similarity).

10090:Mtrfr
gene id: 10090:Mtrfr
uniprot id: Q80VP5
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.
messages: In contrast to other members of the family, lacks the regions that come into close contact with the mRNA in the ribosomal A-site and determine the STOP codon specificity, suggesting a loss of codon specificity for translation release factor activity.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with MTRES1 (via S4 domain). Associates with mitoribosomal S39 large subunit, peptidyl tRNA and nascent chain.
messages: Methylation of glutamine in the GGQ triplet by HEMK1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Part of a mitoribosome-associated quality control pathway that prevents aberrant translation by responding to interruptions during elongation. As heterodimer with MTRES1, ejects the unfinished nascent chain and peptidyl transfer RNA (tRNA), respectively, from stalled ribosomes. Recruitment of mitoribosome biogenesis factors to these quality control intermediates suggests additional roles for MTRES1 and MTRF during mitoribosome rescue.
messages: The GGQ domain interacts with the peptidyltransferase center (PTC) of the large ribosomal subunit to trigger nascent chain hydrolysis.

10090:Smc6
gene id: 10090:Smc6
uniprot id: Q924W5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. SMC6 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. The complex may promote sister chromatid homologous recombination by recruiting the SMC1-SMC3 cohesin complex to double-strand breaks. The complex is required for telomere maintenance via recombination and mediates sumoylation of shelterin complex (telosome) components (By similarity).
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SMC5. Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex which consists at least of SMC5, SMC6, NSMCE2, NSMCE1, NSMCE4A or EID3 and NSMCE3. Interacts with NSMCE1. Interacts with NSMCE2. Interacts with SLF1. Interacts with SLF2. Interacts with RAD18. Interacts with SIMC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Sumoylated by NSMCE2/MMS21.
messages: The flexible hinge domain, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions, allows the heterotypic interaction with the corresponding domain of SMC5, forming a V-shaped heterodimer.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: telomere

10090:Ksr1
gene id: 10090:Ksr1
uniprot id: Q61097
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although it belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, the ATP-binding motif VAIK has an arginine instead of a lysine residue suggesting that KSR1 cannot bind ATP and therefore lacks protein kinase activity. However, KSR1 is capable of binding ATP (PubMed:21441104). Has protein kinase activity towards MAP2K1 in presence of RAF1/c-RAF in vitro (PubMed:21441104).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, spleen and testis. Isoform 1 is highly expressed spleen and weakly in testis, and isoform 2 is highly expressed in brain and weakly in testis.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Heterodimerizes (via N-terminus) with BRAF (via N-terminus) in a MAP2K1/MEK1 or MAP2K2/MEK2-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 (PubMed:10891492, PubMed:10409742, PubMed:21441104). Binding to MAP2K1/MEK1 releases the intramolecular inhibitory interaction between KSR1 N-terminus and kinase domains which is required for the subsequent RSK1 dimerization with BRAF (By similarity). Identified in a complex with AKAP13, MAP2K1 and BRAF (PubMed:21102438, PubMed:23250398). Interacts with AKAP13 and BRAF (PubMed:21102438). Interacts with RAF and MAPK/ERK, in a Ras-dependent manner (PubMed:10891492). Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins including YWHAB (PubMed:10409742, PubMed:11741534). Interacts with HSP90AA1/HSP90, YWHAE/14-3-3 and CDC37 (PubMed:10409742). The binding of 14-3-3 proteins to phosphorylated KSR1 prevents the membrane localization (PubMed:10409742). Interacts with MARK3/C-TAK1 (PubMed:11741534, PubMed:12941695). Interacts with PPP2R1A and PPP2CA (PubMed:12932319). Interacts with VRK2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Part of a multiprotein signaling complex which promotes phosphorylation of Raf family members and activation of downstream MAP kinases (PubMed:10409742, PubMed:12932319, PubMed:21102438, PubMed:21441104). Independently of its kinase activity, acts as MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2-dependent allosteric activator of BRAF; upon binding to MAP2K1/MEK1 or MAP2K2/MEK2, dimerizes with BRAF and promotes BRAF-mediated phosphorylation of MAP2K1/MEK1 and/or MAP2K2/MEK2 (By similarity). Promotes activation of MAPK1 and/or MAPK3, both in response to EGF and to cAMP (PubMed:21102438). Its kinase activity is unsure (PubMed:21441104). Some protein kinase activity has been detected in vitro, however the physiological relevance of this activity is unknown (PubMed:21441104).
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-297 and, to a higher extent, on Ser-392 by MARK3 (PubMed:11741534, PubMed:12941695). Dephosphorylated on Ser-392 by PPP2CA (PubMed:12932319). Phosphorylated KSR1 is cytoplasmic and dephosphorylated KSR1 is membrane-associated (Probable). Phosphorylated by PKA at Ser-838. Phosphorylation at Ser-838 is required for cAMP-dependent activation of MAPK1 and/or MAPK3 (PubMed:21102438).
messages: The N-terminal region mediates interaction with BRAF (PubMed:23250398). Also mediates membrane localization (PubMed:23250398).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive. The domain is sufficient for KSR1 and KSR1-mediated MAP2K1 and MAP2K2 membrane localization. The domain is required but not sufficient for MAP kinase-mediated inhibition of ELK1 phosphorylation (PubMed:10409742).
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Slc25a25
gene id: 10090:Slc25a25
uniprot id: A2ASZ8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by an increase in cytosolic calcium levels that induce a conformational change of the N-terminal regulatory domain, uncapping the channel and allowing transport.
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Electroneutral antiporter that most probably mediates the transport of adenyl nucleotides through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Originally identified as an ATP-magnesium/inorganic phosphate antiporter, it could have a broader specificity for adenyl nucleotides. By regulating the mitochondrial matrix adenyl nucleotide pool could adapt to changing cellular energetic demands and indirectly regulate adenyl nucleotide-dependent metabolic pathways.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Slc25a25 are viable, born at the expected Mendelian ratio and fertile (PubMed:21296886). They display resistance to diet-induced obesity and reduced physical endurance (PubMed:21296886). Cellular metabolism is characterized by reduction in total mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial respiration, which leads to reduction in available ATP (PubMed:21296886).
messages: Linker region/H9 could directly block the transport of substrates across the transporter.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The C-terminal mitochondrial carrier domain/transmembrane domain/TMD bears the transmembrane transporter activity.
messages: The regulatory N-terminal domain/NTD, binds calcium in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and regulates the antiporter activity of the transmembrane domain/TMD. In absence of calcium, the apo form of the N-terminal domain is intrinsically disordered and binds to the transmembrane domain, inhibiting the transporter activity. Binding of calcium leads to a major conformational change and abolishes the interaction with the transmembrane domain and the inhibition of the transporter activity.

10090:Zfp541
gene id: 10090:Zfp541
uniprot id: Q0GGX2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Females exhibit normal fertility with no apparent defects in ovaries while males are infertile with a small testis and an absence of spermatids and spermatozoa (PubMed:33961623, PubMed:34075040, PubMed:35320728, PubMed:35341968). Spermatocytes fail to complete meiotic prophase (PubMed:34075040). An aberrant recruitment of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) machinery and generation of massive DSBs seen in spermatocytes after mid-pachytene (PubMed:35320728, PubMed:35341968).
messages: Germ-cell-specific. Specifically present in testicular spermatogenic cells, but not in testicular and mature sperm. During spermatogenesis, it is present in spermatocytes and round spermatids only (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with DNTTIP1 (PubMed:18849567). Identified in a complex with KCTD19, HDAC1 and HSPA2 (PubMed:18849567). Identified in a complex with HDAC1, HDAC2, DNTTIP1 and KCTD19 (PubMed:33961623, PubMed:35341968). Identified in a complex with KCTD19 and HDAC1 (PubMed:33961623).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription regulator which is essential for male fertility and for the completion of meiotic prophase in spermatocytes (PubMed:18849567, PubMed:35341968, PubMed:34075040, PubMed:33961623, PubMed:35320728). Regulates progression of the pachytene stage of meiotic prophase by activating the expression of genes involved in meiosis and post-meiosis during spermatogenesis (PubMed:35341968). Maintains the repression of pre-pachytene transcriptional programs, including meiotic double-strand breaks (DSB) formation genes in pachytene spermatocytes and suppresses aberrant DSB formation after mid-pachytene, thus ensuring meiosis progression (PubMed:35320728).

10090:Chchd5
gene id: 10090:Chchd5
uniprot id: Q9CQP3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Monomer.

10090:Cmtr2
gene id: 10090:Cmtr2
uniprot id: Q8BWQ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that mediates mRNA cap2 2'-O-ribose methylation to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Methylates the ribose of the second nucleotide of a m(7)GpppG-capped mRNA and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) (cap0) to produce m(7)GpppRmpNm (cap2). Recognizes a guanosine cap on RNA independently of its N(7) methylation status. Display cap2 methylation on both cap0 and cap1. Displays a preference for cap1 RNAs.

10090:Syt14
gene id: 10090:Syt14
uniprot id: A0A1L1SVE7
uniprot id: B7ZP31
uniprot id: Q7TN84
uniprot id: Q8BL96
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Expressed in heart and testis. Expressed in brain (especially in the cerebellum).
messages: Homodimer. Can also form heterodimers (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in the trafficking and exocytosis of secretory vesicles in non-neuronal tissues. Is Ca(2+)-independent.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r143
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r143
uniprot id: E9PUW9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cd3g
gene id: 10090:Cd3g
uniprot id: P11942
uniprot id: Q3U4Y3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Membrane
messages: Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. In addition to this role of signal transduction in T-cell activation, CD3G plays an essential role in the dynamic regulation of TCR expression at the cell surface. Indeed, constitutive TCR cycling is dependent on the di-leucine-based (diL) receptor-sorting motif present in CD3G (PubMed:25920998).
messages: Phosphorylated on Tyr residues after T-cell receptor triggering by LCK in association with CD4/CD8. Phosphorylated also by PKC; leading to the TCR complex down-regulation.
messages: The TCR-CD3 complex is composed of a CD3D/CD3E and a CD3G/CD3E heterodimers that preferentially associate with TCRalpha and TCRbeta, respectively, to form TCRalpha/CD3E/CD3G and TCRbeta/CD3G/CD3E trimers. In turn, the hexamer interacts with CD3Z homodimer to form the TCR-CD3 complex. Alternatively, TCRalpha and TCRbeta can be replaced by TCRgamma and TCRdelta.
messages: The absence of CD3G results in a severe reduction in the level of the TCR-CD3 at the cell surface of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. The development of both the TCRalphabeta and TCRgammadelta lineages are affected by the absence of CD3G.

10090:Nosip
gene id: 10090:Nosip
uniprot id: Q9D6T0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although mutant embryos are present at the expected Mendelian rate at 18.5 dpc, they die shortly after birth with signs of respiratory distress and cyanosis, likely due to craniofacial malformations. Malformations in knockout mice range from ocular hypotelorism, narrow snout, laterally cleft lip, and cleft secondary palate to cyclopia and presence of proboscis or a single head-like protrusion devoid of facial features. In addition, the weight of knockout embryos is significantly reduced. In knockout animals, PP2A activity is increased in palatal and facial tissues as compared to wild-type, but not in lungs, which do not seem to be affected by the mutation.
messages: Belongs to the NOSIP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that is essential for proper development of the forebrain, the eye and the face. Catalyzes monoubiquitination of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) catalytic subunit PPP2CA/PPP2CB (PubMed:25546391). Negatively regulates nitric oxide production by inducing NOS1 and NOS3 translocation to actin cytoskeleton and inhibiting their enzymatic activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with NOS1 and NOS3 (By similarity). Interacts with PP2A holoenzyme, containing PPP2CA, PPP2CB, PPP2R1A and PPP2R2A subunits (PubMed:25546391).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The U-box-like region is a truncated U-box domain. It is unknown whether it is functional or not.

10090:Ap2a1
gene id: 10090:Ap2a1
uniprot id: P17426
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit AP2A1 or AP2A2 and beta-type subunit AP2B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP2M1) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP2S1). Interacts with HIP1 and RAB11FIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with SLC12A5 (PubMed:18625303). Interacts with clathrin (PubMed:7559550). Interacts with SGIP1 (PubMed:17626015). Interacts with RFTN1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIAA1107 (PubMed:29262337). Interacts with PICALM (By similarity). Together with AP2B1 and AP2M1, it interacts with ADAM10; this interaction facilitates ADAM10 endocytosis from the plasma membrane during long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons (PubMed:23676497). Interacts with ABCB11; this interaction regulates cell membrane expression of ABCB11 through its internalization in a clathrin-dependent manner and its subsequent degradation (By similarity). Probably interacts with ACE2 (via endocytic sorting signal motif); the interaction is inhibited by ACE2 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. The AP-2 alpha subunit binds polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids, positioning AP-2 on the membrane. During long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons, AP-2 is responsible for the endocytosis of ADAM10 (PubMed:23676497). The AP-2 alpha subunit acts via its C-terminal appendage domain as a scaffolding platform for endocytic accessory proteins. The AP-2 alpha and AP-2 sigma subunits are thought to contribute to the recognition of the [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] motif (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23676497). Isoform A: Expressed only in neuronal tissue and skeletal muscle. Isoform B: Widely expressed.
messages: coated pit

10090:Wee2
gene id: 10090:Wee2
uniprot id: Q66JT0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected only in the oocytes at all developmental stages of the follicle including primary, secondary, preantral, and antral follicles with an increase in signal during development. Readily detectable at the mature oocyte, but disappears at 2.5 dpc. Detected in germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase II-stage oocyte (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates and inhibits CDK1 and acts as a key regulator of meiosis during both prophase I and metaphase II. Required to maintain meiotic arrest in oocytes during the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, a long period of quiescence at dictyate prophase I, by phosphorylating CDK1 at 'Tyr-15', leading to inhibit CDK1 activity and prevent meiotic reentry. Also required for metaphase II exit during egg activation by phosphorylating CDK1 at 'Tyr-15', to ensure exit from meiosis in oocytes and promote pronuclear formation.
messages: Ovary-specific.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA at Ser-15 in vitro, leading to activate kinase activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-15 by CaMK2, leading to increase its activity and promote metaphase II exit during egg activation.

10090:Catsper4
gene id: 10090:Catsper4
uniprot id: Q8BVN3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation channel sperm-associated (TC 1.A.1.19) family.
messages: Component of the CatSper complex or CatSpermasome composed of the core pore-forming members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 as well as auxiliary members CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD, CATSPERE, CATSPERZ, C2CD6/CATSPERT, SLCO6C1, TMEM249, TMEM262 and EFCAB9 (PubMed:34225353, PubMed:21224844, PubMed:17227845). HSPA1 may be an additional auxiliary complex member (By similarity). The core complex members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 form a heterotetrameric channel (PubMed:34225353). The auxiliary CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD and CATSPERE subunits form a pavilion-like structure over the pore which stabilizes the complex through interactions with CATSPER4, CATSPER3, CATSPER1 and CATSPER2 respectively (PubMed:34225353). SLCO6C1 interacts with CATSPERE and TMEM262/CATSPERH interacts with CATSPERB, further stabilizing the complex (PubMed:34225353). C2CD6/CATSPERT interacts at least with CATSPERD and is required for targeting the CatSper complex in the flagellar membrane (Probable).
messages: Detected in hte testis during postnatal development at day 15. Restricted to the late-stage germline cells that line the seminiferous tubules.
messages: In contrast to the human ortholog, not activated by progesterone.
messages: Mice are normal but males are sterile. Male sterility is due to defects in sperm motility unability to fertilize intact eggs.
messages: Testis-specific.
messages: Voltage-gated calcium channel that plays a central role in sperm cell hyperactivation. Controls calcium entry to mediate the hyperactivated motility, a step needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization. Activated by intracellular alkalinization.
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Mettl21a
gene id: 10090:Mettl21a
uniprot id: Q9CQL0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METTL21 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with heat shock 70 family members; at least some of these proteins are methylation substrates.
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase that selectively trimethylates residues in heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family members. Contributes to the in vivo trimethylation of Lys residues in HSPA1 and HSPA8. In vitro methylates 'Lys-561' in HSPA1, 'Lys-564' in HSPA2, 'Lys-585' in HSPA5, 'Lys-563' in HSPA6 and 'Lys-561' in HSPA8.

10090:Alpk3
gene id: 10090:Alpk3
uniprot id: Q924C5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Alpha-type protein kinase family. ALPK subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the heart and skeletal muscle of adult mice.
messages: First detected in the cardiac crescent at 7.5 dpc when the developing heart became visible and remains through to 10.5 dpc.
messages: Involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
messages: Mice are viable and were born at the expected Mendelian ratio. They however develop spontaneous cardiomyopathy with features of both hypertrophic and dilated forms of cardiomyopathy. Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by increased thickness of both left and right ventricular walls and by significantly increased heart weight. Some features are also associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyocytes show an altered architecture, characterized by reduced numbers of abnormal intercalated disks.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Depp1
gene id: 10090:Depp1
uniprot id: Q8K2F3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a critical modulator of FOXO3-induced autophagy via increased cellular ROS.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Up-regulated by hypoxia.

10090:Lix1
gene id: 10090:Lix1
uniprot id: A0A158RFU7
uniprot id: Q3TSN5
uniprot id: Q6P566
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LIX1 family.

10090:Crxos
gene id: 10090:Crxos
uniprot id: B6ZND8
uniprot id: B6ZND9
uniprot id: Q3UL53
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hexb
gene id: 10090:Hexb
uniprot id: P20060
uniprot id: Q3TXR9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Addition of GM2A stimulates the hydrolysis of sulfated glycosphingolipid SM2 and the ganglioside GM2.
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 20 family.
messages: Cortical granule
messages: Hydrolyzes the non-reducing end N-acetyl-D-hexosamine and/or sulfated N-acetyl-D-hexosamine of glycoconjugates, such as the oligosaccharide moieties from proteins and neutral glycolipids, or from certain mucopolysaccharides. The isozyme B does not hydrolyze each of these substrates, however hydrolyzes efficiently neutral oligosaccharide. Only the isozyme A is responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides in the presence of GM2A. During fertilization is responsible, at least in part, for the zona block to polyspermy. Present in the cortical granules of non-activated oocytes, is exocytosed during the cortical reaction in response to oocyte activation and inactivates the sperm galactosyltransferase-binding site, accounting for the block in sperm binding to the zona pellucida (PubMed:8253842).
messages: Lysosome
messages: There are 3 forms of beta-hexosaminidase: hexosaminidase A is an heterodimer composed of one subunit alpha and one subunit beta (chain A and B); hexosaminidase B is an homodimer of two beta subunits (two chains A and B); hexosaminidase S is a homodimer of two alpha subunits (By similarity). The composition of the dimer (isozyme A versus isozyme S) has a significant effect on the substrate specificity of the alpha subunit active site (By similarity).

10090:Spaar
gene id: 10090:Spaar
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSZ0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated in skeletal muscle upon acute injury.
messages: Expressed in the skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with components of the lysosomal V-ATPase complex (By similarity). Interacts with ATP6V0A1 (PubMed:28024296). Interacts with ATP6V0A2 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Negative regulator of amino acid sensing and mTORC1, a signaling complex promoting cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels and amino acids (By similarity). Negatively regulates mTORC1 activation by inhibiting recruitment of mTORC1 to lysosomes upon stimulation with amino acids: acts by promoting the formation of a tightly bound supercomplex composed of the lysosomal V-ATPase, Ragulator and Rag GTPases, preventing recruitment of mTORC1 (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of muscle regeneration following injury by regulating mTORC1 activation (PubMed:28024296).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice were born at expected Mendelian ratio with no gross abnormalities.

10090:Vmn1r93
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r93
uniprot id: K7N6B8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hint1
gene id: 10090:Hint1
uniprot id: P70349
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HINT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Desumoylase activity is inhibited by zinc ions, and inhibition is released by nitric oxide or calcium-activated calmodulin.
messages: Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2 (By similarity). Hydrolyzes adenosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (AMP-morpholidate) and guanosine 5'monophosphomorpholidate (GMP-morpholidate) (By similarity). Hydrolyzes lysyl-AMP (AMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) generated by lysine tRNA ligase, as well as Met-AMP, His-AMP and Asp-AMP, lysyl-GMP (GMP-N-epsilon-(N-alpha-acetyl lysine methyl ester)) and AMP-N-alanine methyl ester (By similarity). Can also convert adenosine 5'-O-phosphorothioate and guanosine 5'-O-phosphorothioate to the corresponding nucleoside 5'-O-phosphates with concomitant release of hydrogen sulfide (By similarity). In addition, functions as scaffolding protein that modulates transcriptional activation by the LEF1/TCF1-CTNNB1 complex and by the complex formed with MITF and CTNNB1 (By similarity). Modulates p53/TP53 levels and p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis. Modulates proteasomal degradation of target proteins by the SCF (SKP2-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity). Also exhibits SUMO-specific isopeptidase activity, deconjugating SUMO1 from RANGAP1 and RGS17 (PubMed:31088288).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with CDK7 (By similarity). Interacts with RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 and is associated with the LEF1/TCF1-CTNNB1 complex and with a KAT5 histone acetyltransferase complex (By similarity). Identified in a complex with MITF and CTNNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with CDC34 and RBX1, and is part of a SCF (SKP2-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity). Interacts with SUMO1, SUMO2 and RGS17 (PubMed:31088288). Interacts with the Ten-1 ICD form of TENM1 (PubMed:31088288). Interacts with CALM1; interaction increases in the presence of calcium ions (PubMed:31088288).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice display increased susceptibility to carcinogens.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Was originally thought to be a protein kinase C inhibitor and to bind zinc in solution. Both seem to be incorrect.

10090:Dnlz
gene id: 10090:Dnlz
uniprot id: Q9D113
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: May function as a co-chaperone towards HSPA9/mortalin which, by itself, is prone to self-aggregation.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Oligomerizes in a concentration-dependent fashion. Interacts with HSPA9 (By similarity).

10090:Cyp2j8
gene id: 10090:Cyp2j8
uniprot id: G3UZ38
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Akr1b7
gene id: 10090:Akr1b7
uniprot id: P21300
uniprot id: Q5M9J9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.
messages: Castration resulted in a marked decrease in the level of the mRNA coding for the protein, whereas administration of testosterone to castrated males resulted in a marked increase.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed exclusively in the epithelial cells of the deferent duct.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Reduces a broad range of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols. Reduces prostaglandins (PubMed:19010934). May play a role in the metabolism of xenobiotic aromatic aldehydes (By similarity).

10090:Il22ra2
gene id: 10090:Il22ra2
uniprot id: Q80XF5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family.
messages: Highly expressed in lymph nodes and at lower levels in lung, spleen, and thymus. Not expressed in kidney, liver and heart.
messages: Receptor for IL22. Binds to IL22, prevents interaction with the functional IL-22R complex and blocks the activity of IL22 (in vitro). May play an important role as an IL22 antagonist in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
messages: Secreted

10090:Myo19
gene id: 10090:Myo19
uniprot id: Q5SV80
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Actin-based motor molecule with ATPase activity that localizes to the mitochondrion outer membrane (PubMed:24825904). Motor protein that moves towards the plus-end of actin filaments (PubMed:24825904). Required for mitochondrial inheritance during mitosis (By similarity). May be involved in mitochondrial transport or positioning (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Myosin is a hexamer of 2 heavy chains and 4 light chains: interacts with myosin light chains MYL9 and MYL12B.
messages: The MyMOMA (MYO19-specific mitochondrial outer membrane-association) region mediates association with the mitochondrion outer membrane via electrostatic interaction.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mtarc2
gene id: 10090:Mtarc2
uniprot id: Q922Q1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 1 Mo-molybdopterin (Mo-MPT) cofactor per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of N-oxygenated molecules, acting as a counterpart of cytochrome P450 and flavin-containing monooxygenases in metabolic cycles. As a component of prodrug-converting system, reduces a multitude of N-hydroxylated prodrugs particularly amidoximes, leading to increased drug bioavailability. May be involved in mitochondrial N(omega)-hydroxy-L-arginine (NOHA) reduction, regulating endogenous nitric oxide levels and biosynthesis. Postulated to cleave the N-OH bond of N-hydroxylated substrates in concert with electron transfer from NADH to cytochrome b5 reductase then to cytochrome b5, the ultimate electron donor that primes the active site for substrate reduction.
messages: Component of a complex composed of cytochrome b5, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (CYB5R3) and MTARC2.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30.

10090:Klhl21
gene id: 10090:Klhl21
uniprot id: Q3U410
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, KLHL21 and RBX1.
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex required for efficient chromosome alignment and cytokinesis. The BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex regulates localization of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) from chromosomes to the spindle midzone in anaphase and mediates the ubiquitination of AURKB. Ubiquitination of AURKB by BCR(KLHL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex may not lead to its degradation by the proteasome (By similarity).
messages: spindle

10090:Cggbp1
gene id: 10090:Cggbp1
uniprot id: Q8BHG9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binding is severely inhibited by complete or partial cytosine-specific DNA methylation of the binding motif.
messages: Binds to nonmethylated 5'-d(CGG)(n)-3' trinucleotide repeats in the FMR1 promoter. May play a role in regulating FMR1 promoter (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sgsm1
gene id: 10090:Sgsm1
uniprot id: B2RQR5
uniprot id: Q8BPQ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RUTBC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed only in brain.
messages: Interacts with RAB9A (GTP-bound form) and RAB9B (PubMed:25220469). Interacts with RAB3A, RAB4A, RAB5A, RAB8A, RAB11A, RAP1A, RAP1B, RAP2A and RAP2B. No interaction with RAB27A (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with numerous Rab family members, functioning as Rab effector for some, and as GTPase activator for others. Promotes GTP hydrolysis by RAB34 and RAB36. Probably functions as GTPase effector with RAB9A and RAB9B; does not stimulate GTP hydrolysis with RAB9A and RAB9B.
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Apoc1
gene id: 10090:Apoc1
uniprot id: P34928
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adult and fetal liver.
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C1 family.
messages: Inhibitor of lipoprotein binding to the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, LDL receptor-related protein, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor. Associates with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and the triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins in the plasma and makes up about 10% of the protein of the VLDL and 2% of that of HDL. Appears to interfere directly with fatty acid uptake and is also the major plasma inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP). Modulates the interaction of APOE with beta-migrating VLDL and inhibits binding of beta-VLDL to the LDL receptor-related protein (By similarity). Binds free fatty acids and reduces their intracellular esterification.
messages: Secreted

10090:Dync1li1
gene id: 10090:Dync1li1
uniprot id: Q3TWG5
uniprot id: Q8R1Q8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. May play a role in binding dynein to membranous organelles or chromosomes.
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. May play a role in binding dynein to membranous organelles or chromosomes. Probably involved in the microtubule-dependent transport of pericentrin. Is required for progress through the spindle assembly checkpoint. The phosphorylated form appears to be involved in the selective removal of MAD1L1 and MAD1L2 but not BUB1B from kinetochores (By similarity). Forms a functional Rab11/RAB11FIP3/dynein complex onto endosomal membrane that regulates the movement of peripheral sorting endosomes (SE) along microtubule tracks toward the microtubule organizing center/centrosome, generating the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the dynein light intermediate chain family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. Self-associates. Interacts with DYNC1H1; DYNC1LI1 and DYNC1LI2 bind mutually exclusive to DYNC1H1. Interacts with PCNT (By similarity). Forms a complex with RAB11FIP3 and RAB11A1; the interaction between DYNC1LI1 and RAB11FIP3 is direct and induces DYNC1LI1 localization onto endosomal membrane; the complex regulates endocytic trafficking (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs).
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis but not in interphase.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle pole

10090:Bglap2
gene id: 10090:Bglap2
uniprot id: P86547
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
messages: Bone.
messages: Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation by GGCX (By similarity). These residues are essential for the binding of calcium (By similarity). Carboxylated in a Ptprv/Esp-dependent process (PubMed:17693256, PubMed:20655470, PubMed:20655471). Decarboxylation promotes the hormone activity (PubMed:17693256, PubMed:20655470, PubMed:20655471, PubMed:21333348, PubMed:24074871).
messages: Mice lacking Bglap and Bglap2 show increased bone formation, characterized by higher bone mass and bones of improved functional quality (PubMed:8684484). Mice lacking Bglap and Bglap2 also display reduced male fertility due to decreased testosterone production in the testes (PubMed:21333348). Mice lacking Bglap and Bglap2 are passive and show greater anxiety-like behaviors due to impaired synthesis of neurotransmitters (PubMed:24074871).
messages: Secreted
messages: The carboxylated form is one of the main organic components of the bone matrix, which constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein: it acts as a negative regulator of bone formation and is required to limit bone formation without impairing bone resorption or mineralization (PubMed:8684484). The carboxylated form binds strongly to apatite and calcium (PubMed:17693256).
messages: The uncarboxylated form acts as a hormone secreted by osteoblasts, which regulates different cellular processes, such as energy metabolism, male fertility and brain development (PubMed:17693256, PubMed:20655470, PubMed:20655471, PubMed:21333348, PubMed:24074871). Regulates of energy metabolism by acting as a hormone favoring pancreatic beta-cell proliferation, insulin secretion and sensitivity and energy expenditure (PubMed:17693256, PubMed:20655470, PubMed:20655471). Uncarboxylated osteocalcin hormone also promotes testosterone production in the testes: acts as a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor GPRC6A at the surface of Leydig cells, initiating a signaling response that promotes the expression of enzymes required for testosterone synthesis in a CREB-dependent manner (PubMed:21333348). Also acts as a regulator of brain development: osteocalcin hormone crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a ligand for GPR158 on neurons, initiating a signaling response that prevents neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus, favors the synthesis of all monoamine neurotransmitters and inhibits that of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (PubMed:24074871, PubMed:28851741). Osteocalcin also crosses the placenta during pregnancy and maternal osteocalcin is required for fetal brain development (PubMed:24074871).

10090:Ephb4
gene id: 10090:Ephb4
uniprot id: P54761
uniprot id: Q3V1K8
uniprot id: Q8C7S3
uniprot id: Q8C8K1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Ephrin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Embryo display cardiovascular defects and lethality with very high penetrance. Growth retardation is observed at 9.5 dpc with arrested heart development and lack of blood flow. By 10.5 dpc degeneration and necrosis are apparent throughout the embryo. Conditional lymphovenous valves knockouts show a complete loss of lymphatic valves (PubMed:27400125).
messages: Expressed in various organ systems, including lung, liver, kidney, intestine, muscle and heart (PubMed:7478528). Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Heterotetramer upon binding of the ligand. The heterotetramer is composed of an ephrin dimer and a receptor dimer. Oligomerization is probably required to induce biological responses (By similarity). Interacts with RASA1; the interaction depends on EPHB4 tyrosine-phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated; autophosphorylation is stimulated by EFNB2.
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously transmembrane ephrin-B family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Together with its cognate ligand/functional ligand EFNB2 it is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration, and plays a central role in heart morphogenesis, angiogenesis and blood vessel remodeling and permeability. EPHB4-mediated forward signaling controls cellular repulsion and segregation from EFNB2-expressing cells.
messages: Specifically expressed in the developing cardiovascular system with higher expression in veins. First detected in the developing anterior cardinal vein at 8.75 dpc. Abundant expression at 16.5 dpc in various organ systems, including thymus, heart, lung and kidney, where it is associated with cells of endothelial origin. In myogenic progenitor cells, highly expressed during early development (11.5 dpc) and progressively repressed as developments proceeds (PubMed:27446912).

10090:C330018D20Rik
gene id: 10090:C330018D20Rik
uniprot id: Q9CWB7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. YDR286C subfamily.

10090:Ccdc6
gene id: 10090:Ccdc6
uniprot id: D3YZP9
names: Domain
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: The protein has mostly an alpha helical conformation similar to myosin heavy-chain tail that might adopt a coiled-coil conformation.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Vmn1r169
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r169
uniprot id: L7N275
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pdcd2
gene id: 10090:Pdcd2
uniprot id: P46718
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Expressed during apoptosis of lymphoid and myeloid cells.
messages: May be a DNA-binding protein with a regulatory function. May play an important role in cell death and/or in regulation of cell proliferation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN, promoting proteasomal degradation.

10090:Exosc8
gene id: 10090:Exosc8
uniprot id: Q9D753
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase PH family.
messages: Component of the RNA exosome complex. Specifically part of the catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex which is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. Exo-9 is formed by a hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits specifically containing the heterodimers EXOSC4-EXOSC9, EXOSC5-EXOSC8 and EXOSC6-EXOSC7, and peripheral S1 domain-containing components EXOSC1, EXOSC2 and EXOSC3 located on the top of the ring structure (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC8 binds to ARE-containing RNAs (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Nanp
gene id: 10090:Nanp
uniprot id: Q9CPT3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. NANP family.
messages: Inhibited by vanadate and calcium.

10090:Cphx1
gene id: 10090:Cphx1
uniprot id: Q8BX39
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sall3
gene id: 10090:Sall3
uniprot id: Q62255
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sal C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: During embryogenesis detected from 7 dpc onward in tissues derived from mesoderm and ectoderm.
messages: In adult brain, testis and kidney. In lower levels also in adult ovaries and embryonic stem cells. In embryo in developing neuroectoderm of brain, inner ear and spinal chord. Also weakly and transiently expressed in embryonic branchial arches, notochord, limb buds and heart.
messages: Lacks two zinc finger domains (6 and 7) and is the major isoform.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcription factor.

10090:Or52m2
gene id: 10090:Or52m2
uniprot id: Q7TRS6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrig3
gene id: 10090:Lrig3
uniprot id: Q6P1C6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in the lateral wall of the otic vesicle at 10.5 dpc. Enriched in lateral pouch epithelium at 12.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with EGFR, ERBB2 and ERBB4 (in vitro).
messages: Mice display circling and head tossing behavior, due to a defect in inner ear morphogenesis. In mutants, fusion of the canal pouches starts earlier than normal and involves an abnormally large region, leading to truncation of the lateral semicircular canal in the inner ear. Nevertheless, hearing seems to be normal. Mutant mice also display craniofacial deformities, and especially a dramatically shortened snout.
messages: Plays a role in craniofacial and inner ear morphogenesis during embryonic development. Acts within the otic vesicle epithelium to control formation of the lateral semicircular canal in the inner ear, possibly by restricting the expression of NTN1.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:H2ac4
gene id: 10090:H2ac4
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Vmn1r193
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r193
uniprot id: Q8R258
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pi4k2b
gene id: 10090:Pi4k2b
uniprot id: Q8CBQ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Together with PI4K2A and the type III PI4Ks (PIK4CA and PIK4CB) it contributes to the overall PI4-kinase activity of the cell. This contribution may be especially significant in plasma membrane, endosomal and Golgi compartments. The phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to PI4P is the first committed step in the generation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a precursor of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). Contributes to the production of InsP3 in stimulated cells and is likely to be involved in the regulation of vesicular trafficking.
messages: cytosol

10090:Or52e5
gene id: 10090:Or52e5
uniprot id: Q8VG26
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Glt28d2
gene id: 10090:Glt28d2
uniprot id: Q8BML3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.

10090:Hdac7
gene id: 10090:Hdac7
uniprot id: E9PX62
uniprot id: E9PXW1
uniprot id: E9PXW8
uniprot id: Q8C2B3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in heart and lung. Expressed at intermediate level in muscle.
messages: Interacts with KDM5B (By similarity). Interacts with KAT5 and EDNRA. Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC4, HDAC5, NCOR1, NCOR2, SIN3A, SIN3B, RBBP4, RBBP7, MTA1L1, SAP30 and MBD3. Interacts with the 14-3-3 protein YWHAE, MEF2A, MEF2B and MEF2C. Interacts with ZMYND15. Interacts with PML (By similarity). Interacts with FOXP3. Interacts with RARA (By similarity).
messages: Its activity is inhibited by Trichostatin A (TSA), a known histone deacetylase inhibitor.
messages: May be phosphorylated by CaMK1. Phosphorylated by the PKC kinases PKN1 and PKN2, impairing nuclear import. Phosphorylation at Ser-178 by MARK2, MARK3 and PRKD1 promotes interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and export from the nucleus. Phosphorylation at Ser-178 is a prerequisite for phosphorylation at Ser-204 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events.
messages: Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes. Involved in muscle maturation by repressing transcription of myocyte enhancer factors such as MEF2A, MEF2B and MEF2C. During muscle differentiation, it shuttles into the cytoplasm, allowing the expression of myocyte enhancer factors. Positively regulates the transcriptional repressor activity of FOXP3 (By similarity). Serves as a corepressor of RARA, causing its deacetylation and inhibition of RARE DNA element binding (By similarity). In association with RARA, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby in the inflammatory response (By similarity).
messages: The nuclear export sequence mediates the shuttling between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

10090:Smim11
gene id: 10090:Smim11
uniprot id: Q99J19
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, thymus, liver, stomach, muscle, lung, testis, ovary, skin and eye.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gpr160
gene id: 10090:Gpr160
uniprot id: Q3U3F9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Ppp1r37
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r37
uniprot id: Q8BKR5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PPP1R37 family.
messages: Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes.
messages: Interacts with PPP1CA.

10090:Ift27
gene id: 10090:Ift27
uniprot id: Q9D0P8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Component of the IFT complex B, at least composed of IFT20, IFT22, IFT25, IFT27, IFT46, IFT52, TRAF3IP1/IFT54, IFT57, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, and IFT88 (PubMed:19253336). Interacts with IFT25 (PubMed:28430876). Interacts with IFT70B (PubMed:23810713). Interacts with RABL2/RABL2A; binding is equal in the presence of GTP or GDP (PubMed:23055941). Interacts with IFT88 (PubMed:19253336). Interacts with ARL6; recognizes and binds with the GTP-free form of ARL6 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in the testis (at protein level) (PubMed:28964737). Co-localizes with RABL2/RABL2A in the midpiece of elongated spermatids within the testis (at protein level).
messages: Null mutants retain the ability to ciliate and survive through gestation. They die shortly after birth due to different phenotypes reminiscent of Shh signaling defects: polydactyly, lung isomerisms, and structural heart defects (PubMed:25446516). Conditional knockout in male germ cells results in infertility, abnormal sperm morphology, significantly reduced sperm count and sperm mobility (PubMed:28964737). Mutant mice with germline deletion of IFT27 die shortly after birth with structural defects in most organs including the kidneys, where duplicated collecting duct system and/or duplex kidney is often observed. Conditional deletion in the collecting duct results in smaller kidneys that develop only mild tubule dilation with age whereas conditional deletion from the peri-Wolffian duct stroma results in duplex kidneys (PubMed:29626631).
messages: Small GTPase-like component of the intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B that promotes the exit of the BBSome complex from cilia via its interaction with ARL6 (PubMed:25446516). Not involved in entry of the BBSome complex into cilium. Prevents aggregation of GTP-free ARL6. Required for hedgehog signaling (PubMed:25446516). Forms a subcomplex within the IFT complex B with IFT25 (By similarity). Its role in intraflagellar transport is mainly seen in tissues rich in ciliated cells such as kidney and testis. Essential for male fertility, spermiogenesis and sperm flagella formation (PubMed:28964737). Plays a role in the early development of the kidney (PubMed:29626631). May be involved in the regulation of ureteric bud initiation (PubMed:29626631).
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Yap1
gene id: 10090:Yap1
uniprot id: P46938
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the YAP1 family.
messages: Binds to the SH3 domain of the YES kinase (By similarity). Binds to WBP1 and WBP2 (PubMed:7644498). Binds, in vitro, through the WW1 domain, to neural isoforms of ENAH that contain the PPSY motif (PubMed:9407065). The phosphorylated form interacts with YWHAB (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with LATS1 (via PPxY motif 2) (By similarity). Interacts with LATS2 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domain 1) with isoform JM-A of ERBB4 (via PPxY motif 2) (By similarity). Interacts with TEAD1, TEAD2 and TEAD3 (By similarity). Interacts with TP73 and HCK (By similarity). Interacts with RUNX1 (By similarity). Interacts with TEAD4 (PubMed:20123908). Interacts (via WW domains) with PTPN14 (via PPxY motif 2); this interaction leads to the cytoplasmic sequestration of YAP1 and inhibits its transcriptional co-activator activity (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-112) with SMAD2, SMAD3 and WWTR1 (PubMed:21145499). Interacts with PRRG2 (via cytoplasmic domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with PRRG4 (via cytoplasmic domain) (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated) with CLDN18; the interaction sequesters YAP1 away from the nucleus and thereby restricts transcription of YAP1 target genes (PubMed:29400695). Interacts with SMAD1 (By similarity).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoforms lacking the transactivation domain seen in striatal neurons (at protein level). Ubiquitous. Isoform 2 is expressed at higher levels in the neural tissues. In the embryo, it is expressed in brain, eye, and the maxillary and frontonasal components of the primary palate.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by LATS1 and LATS2; leading to cytoplasmic translocation and inactivation. Phosphorylated by ABL1; leading to YAP1 stabilization, enhanced interaction with TP73 and recruitment onto proapoptotic genes; in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylation at Ser-385 and Ser-388 by CK1 is triggered by previous phosphorylation at Ser-382 by LATS proteins and leads to YAP1 ubiquitination by SCF(beta-TRCP) E3 ubiquitin ligase and subsequent degradation (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Thr-104, Ser-123, Ser-352 and Thr-397 by MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK9/JNK2, which is required for the regulation of apoptosis by YAP1 (By similarity).
messages: The first coiled-coil region mediates most of the interaction with TEAD transcription factors.
messages: Transcriptional regulator which can act both as a coactivator and a corepressor and is the critical downstream regulatory target in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis (PubMed:29400695). The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Plays a key role in tissue tension and 3D tissue shape by regulating cortical actomyosin network formation. Acts via ARHGAP18, a Rho GTPase activating protein that suppresses F-actin polymerization. Plays a key role in controlling cell proliferation in response to cell contact. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. The presence of TEAD transcription factors are required for it to stimulate gene expression, cell growth, anchorage-independent growth, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction. Suppresses ciliogenesis via acting as a transcriptional corepressor of the TEAD4 target genes AURKA and PLK1 (By similarity). In conjunction with WWTR1, involved in the regulation of TGFB1-dependent SMAD2 and SMAD3 nuclear accumulation (PubMed:21145499).
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(beta-TRCP) E3 ubiquitin ligase.

10090:Phb
gene id: 10090:Phb
uniprot id: P67778
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) In neuronal cells, cell surface-expressed PHB1 is involved in human enterovirus 71/EV-71 entry into neuronal cells specifically, while membrane-bound mitochondrial PHB1 associates with the virus replication complex and facilitates viral replication (PubMed:29324904). May serve as a receptor for EV71 (PubMed:29324904).
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with human enterovirus 71/EV-71 capsid protein VP0, protein 3CD and protease 3C.
messages: Belongs to the prohibitin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In B cells, expression is increased by CD40 engagement (at protein level).
messages: In the mitochondria, together with PHB2, forms large ring complexes (prohibitin complexes) in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and functions as chaperone protein that stabilizes mitochondrial respiratory enzymes and maintains mitochondrial integrity in the IMM, which is required for mitochondrial morphogenesis, neuronal survival, and normal lifespan (Probable). The prohibitin complex, with DNAJC19, regulates cardiolipin remodeling and the protein turnover of OMA1 in a cardiolipin-binding manner (PubMed:24856930). Regulates mitochondrial respiration activity playing a role in cellular aging (PubMed:11302691). The prohibitin complex plays a role of mitophagy receptor involved in targeting mitochondria for autophagic degradation (PubMed:31819158). Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity, activates RIG-I-mediated signal transduction and production of IFNB1 and pro-inflammatory cytokine IL6 (By similarity).
messages: In the nucleus, acts as a transcription coregulator, enhances promoter binding by TP53, a transcription factor it activates, but reduces the promoter binding by E2F1, a transcription factor it represses (By similarity). Interacts with STAT3 to affect IL17 secretion in T-helper Th17 cells (By similarity).
messages: In the plasma membrane, cooperates with CD86 to mediate CD86-signaling in B lymphocytes that regulates the level of IgG1 produced through the activation of distal signaling intermediates (PubMed:23241883). Upon CD40 engagement, required to activate NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation (PubMed:23241883).
messages: Interacts with PHB2. Interacts with STOML2. Interacts with CD86 (via cytoplasmic domain); the interactions increases after priming with CD40 (PubMed:23241883).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein with pleiotropic attributes mediated in a cell-compartment- and tissue-specific manner, which include the plasma membrane-associated cell signaling functions, mitochondrial chaperone, and transcriptional co-regulator of transcription factors in the nucleus (PubMed:11302691, PubMed:20959514, PubMed:23241883, PubMed:24856930, PubMed:29324904). Plays a role in adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis in a sex-specific manner (PubMed:24947361). Contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling by accelerating proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (By similarity).
messages: Target of the anti-cancer drug Rocaglamide (Roc-A).
messages: Throughout gestation, highly expressed in brown fat, heart, liver, developing renal tubules and neurons, and detected at lower levels in tissues such as lung and exocrine pancreas.
messages: Widely expressed in different tissues.

10090:Ralyl
gene id: 10090:Ralyl
uniprot id: Q8BTF8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RRM HNRPC family. RALY subfamily.

10090:Churc1
gene id: 10090:Churc1
uniprot id: Q6DG52
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Churchill family.
messages: Transcriptional activator that mediates FGF signaling during neural development (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of cell movement (By similarity). Does not bind DNA by itself (By similarity).

10090:Tor1a
gene id: 10090:Tor1a
uniprot id: Q3TV62
uniprot id: Q9ER39
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Animals fail to feed or vocalize and die within 48 hours of birth. At 18 dpc, the global structure of the central nervous system is normal. However, at the cellular level, nuclear envelope abnormalities, with membranous vesicle-appearing structures in the perinuclear space, are observed in multiple areas of the central nervous system, including neurons of the spinal cord, pons, frontal cortex, and hippocampus.
messages: At 16 dpc and 18 dpc, widely expressed with higher expression levels in neural tissues. In the spinal cord, expressed as early as 12 dpc until P21, the expression levels decrease in the adulthood (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the ClpA/ClpB family. Torsin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Homohexamer. Interacts with TOR1B; the interaction may be specific of neural tissues. Interacts (ATP-bound) with TOR1AIP1 and TOR1AIP2; the interactions induce ATPase activity. Interacts with KLHL14; preferentially when ATP-free. Interacts with KLC1 (via TPR repeats); the interaction associates TOR1A with the kinesin oligomeric complex. Interacts with COPS4; the interaction associates TOR1A with the CSN complex. Interacts with SNAPIN; the interaction is direct and associates SNAPIN with the CSN complex. Interacts with STON2. Interacts (ATP-bound) with SYNE3 (via KASH domain); the interaction is required for SYNE3 nuclear envelope localization. Interacts with VIM; the interaction associates TOR1A with the cytoskeleton. Interacts with PLEC. Interacts (ATP-bound) with SLC6A3; regulates SLC6A3 transport to the plasma membrane.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Protein with chaperone functions important for the control of protein folding, processing, stability and localization as well as for the reduction of misfolded protein aggregates. Involved in the regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling, controls STON2 protein stability in collaboration with the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN). In the nucleus, may link the cytoskeleton with the nuclear envelope, this mechanism seems to be crucial for the control of nuclear polarity, cell movement and, specifically in neurons, nuclear envelope integrity. Participates in the cellular trafficking and may regulate the subcellular location of multipass membrane proteins such as the dopamine transporter SLC6A3, leading to the modulation of dopamine neurotransmission. In the endoplasmic reticulum, plays a role in the quality control of protein folding by increasing clearance of misfolded proteins such as SGCE variants or holding them in an intermediate state for proper refolding. May have a redundant function with TOR1B in non-neural tissues.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: growth cone
messages: secretory vesicle
messages: synaptic vesicle
messages: synaptosome

10090:Tdpoz2
gene id: 10090:Tdpoz2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YVW8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.

10090:Cfap161
gene id: 10090:Cfap161
uniprot id: Q6P8Y0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Fam120b
gene id: 10090:Fam120b
uniprot id: Q6RI63
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the constitutive coactivator of PPAR-gamma family.
messages: Expressed throughout the embryonic developmental stages from 5 dpc to 19 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Functions as a transactivator of PPARG and ESR1. Functions in adipogenesis through PPARG activation.
messages: Interacts with ESR1 and RXRA. Interacts with PPARG; in a ligand-independent manner.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated in differentiating adipocytes (at protein level).

10090:Fam110d
gene id: 10090:Fam110d
uniprot id: Q80X91
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM110 family.

10090:Dst
gene id: 10090:Dst
uniprot id: Q91ZU6
uniprot id: S4R1P5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoskeletal linker protein. Acts as an integrator of intermediate filaments, actin and microtubule cytoskeleton networks. Required for anchoring either intermediate filaments to the actin cytoskeleton in neural and muscle cells or keratin-containing intermediate filaments to hemidesmosomes in epithelial cells. The proteins may self-aggregate to form filaments or a two-dimensional mesh. Regulates the organization and stability of the microtubule network of sensory neurons to allow axonal transport. Mediates docking of the dynein/dynactin motor complex to vesicle cargos for retrograde axonal transport through its interaction with TMEM108 and DCTN1.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: H zone
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with MAPRE1; probably required for targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends. Isoform 2 interacts (via N-terminus) with ACTN2. Isoform 2 interacts (via N-terminus) with PLEC (via N-terminus). Isoform 5 interacts (via N-terminus) with COL17A1 (via cytoplasmic region). Isoform 5 interacts (via N-terminus) with ITGB4 isoform beta-4a (via cytoplasmic region). Isoform 5 interacts (via N-terminus) with ERBIN (via C-terminus). Isoform 5 associates (via C-terminal) with KRT5-KRT14 (via rod region) intermediate filaments of keratins (By similarity). Isoform 2 and isoform 6 can homodimerize (via N-terminus). Isoform 2 interacts (via N-terminus) with PLEC (via N-terminus). Interacts with the neuronal intermediate filament protein, PRPH. Interacts with DES. Interacts with SYNE3. Isoform 1 interacts with TMEM108 (PubMed:17287360).
messages: Incomplete sequence. Probably myristoylated on Gly-2. Probably S-palmitoylated on Cys-5 and Cys-7. Mutagenesis of Gly-2 to Ala inhibits cortical localization. Mutagenesis of Cys-5 to Ser inhibits cortical localization. Mutagenesis of Cys-7 to Ser inhibits cortical localization.
messages: Incomplete sequence. Transmembrane protein (helical transmembrane domain from amino acid 18 to 38).
messages: Isoform 1 and 2 are expressed in striated and heart muscle cells. Isoform 5 is expressed in the skin. Isoform 6 is expressed in sensory neural cells of the dorsal root ganglion and with low level in the skin (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed predominantly in the brain and spinal cord with low levels in the heart (PubMed:14581450). Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in muscle and heart and with low levels in the brain. Isoform 5 is expressed in the skin and with low levels in myoblast cells. Isoform 6 is expressed in neurons. Isoform 7 is expressed in lung and with low levels in the brain.
messages: Isoform 1 is the major form expressed in the dorsal root ganglia at 14.5 dpc. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in the myocardium, skeletal muscles, bone cartilage and epithelia of the tongue at 14.5 dpc. Isoform 5 is expressed at high levels in the epidermis and mucosal epithelia of the digestive tracts at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Its association with epidermal and simple keratins is dependent on the tertiary structure induced by heterodimerization of these intermediate filaments proteins and most likely involves recognition sites located in the rod domain of these keratins.
messages: Many conflicts and frameshifts that might be strain-specific.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show progressive deterioration in motor function and sensory neurodegeneration. Exhibit axonal swellings packed with disorganized intermediate filaments (IFs) and microtubules. Show poorly defined Z lines and display a reduction in sarcomere length. Have increased accumulation of vesicles and severely disrupted retrograde axonal transport. In stratified epithelia, hemidesmosomes are normal but they lack the inner plate and have no cytoskeleton attached.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Plays a structural role in the assembly of hemidesmosomes of epithelial cells; anchors keratin-containing intermediate filaments to the inner plaque of hemidesmosomes. Required for the regulation of keratinocyte polarity and motility; mediates integrin ITGB4 regulation of RAC1 activity.
messages: Required for bundling actin filaments around the nucleus.
messages: The microtubule tip localization signal (MtLS) motif; mediates interaction with MAPRE1 and targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends.
messages: Z line
messages: axon
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: hemidesmosome
messages: sarcolemma
messages: stress fiber

10090:Atrn
gene id: 10090:Atrn
uniprot id: Q9WU60
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heavily glycosylated.
messages: Involved in the initial immune cell clustering during inflammatory response and may regulate chemotactic activity of chemokines (By similarity). May play a role in melanocortin signaling pathways that regulate energy homeostasis and hair color. Low-affinity receptor for agouti. Has a critical role in normal myelination in the central nervous system (By similarity).
messages: Monomer and homotrimer.

10090:B3galt1
gene id: 10090:B3galt1
uniprot id: O54904
uniprot id: Q505A3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase that transfers galactose from UDP-alpha-D-galactose to substrates with a terminal beta-N-acetylglucosamine (beta-GlcNAc) residue. Involved in the biosynthesis of the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids and glycoproteins.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Sestd1
gene id: 10090:Sestd1
uniprot id: Q80UK0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SOLO family.
messages: Interacts (via the spectrin 1 repeat) with TRPC4 and TRPC5 (via CIRB domain). Interacts with CTNNB1.
messages: May act as the primary docking protein directing membrane turnover and assembly of the transient receptor potential channels TRPC4 and TRPC5. Binds phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol monophosphates, phosphatidylinositol diphosphates (PIP2s) and phosphatidic acid, but not less polar lipids including phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol. The binding to PIP2s is calcium dependent. Might be involved in the plasma membrane localization of CTNNB1 (By similarity).

10090:Lcn3
gene id: 10090:Lcn3
uniprot id: Q14AJ3
uniprot id: Q62471
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed in vomeronasal and posterior glands of the nasal septum, the ducts of which open into the lumen of the vomeronasal organ.
messages: Transport of lipophilic molecules, possible pheromone-carrier.

10090:Hps1
gene id: 10090:Hps1
uniprot id: O08983
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the BLOC-3 complex, a complex that acts as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for RAB32 and RAB38, promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting them from an inactive GDP-bound form into an active GTP-bound form. The BLOC-3 complex plays an important role in the control of melanin production and melanosome biogenesis and promotes the membrane localization of RAB32 and RAB38.
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-3 (or BLOC-3), a heterodimer of HPS1 and HPS4. HPS1 cannot but BLOC-3 complex (heterodimer of HPS1 and HPS4) can interact with the GTP-bound form of RAB9A and RAB9B. HPS1 and BLOC-3 complex do not interact with the GDP-bound form of RAB9A and RAB9B.
messages: Defects in Hps1 are the cause of the pale ear (ep) mutant which exhibits hypopigmentation associated with defects of multiple cytoplasmic organelles, including melanosomes, lysosomes, and granular elements of platelets (PubMed:9256466).
messages: Expressed in all tissues examined with the possible exception of skeletal muscle. The highest expression was observed in lung, liver, kidney and spleen.

10090:Pitpnc1
gene id: 10090:Pitpnc1
uniprot id: Q8K4R4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PtdIns transfer protein family. PI transfer class IIB subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidic acid (PA) between membranes (By similarity). Binds PA derived from the phospholipase D signaling pathway and among the cellular PA species, preferably binds to the C16:0/16:1 and C16:1/18:1 PA species (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically binds to phosphatidylinositol but not to other phospholipids and may play a role in the phosphoinositide-mediated signaling in the neural development.
messages: Weakly expressed in brain and is rather confined to the embryonic stage.
messages: Widely expressed in brain, with expression in the gray matters of pre- and postnatal brains.

10090:Hcfc1r1
gene id: 10090:Hcfc1r1
uniprot id: Q9CYQ5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with HCFC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates HCFC1 activity by modulating its subcellular localization. Overexpression of HCFC1R1 leads to accumulation of HCFC1 in the cytoplasm. HCFC1R1-mediated export may provide the pool of cytoplasmic HCFC1 required for import of virion-derived VP16 into the nucleus (By similarity).

10090:Irf5
gene id: 10090:Irf5
uniprot id: F6Z6C6
uniprot id: P56477
uniprot id: Q3U169
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by TRAF6 is required for activation.
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer, when phosphorylated (PubMed:25326420). Interacts with TASL (via pLxIS motif); interaction takes place downstream of TLR7, TLR8 or TLR9, leading to its activation (By similarity). Interacts with MYD88 and TRAF6 (PubMed:15665823).
messages: Maintained as a monomer in an autoinhibited state (PubMed:25326420). Phosphorylation and activation follow the following steps: innate adapter protein TASL recruits IRF5, thereby licensing IRF5 for phosphorylation by IKBKB (By similarity). Phosphorylated IRF5 dissociates from the adapter proteins, dimerizes, and then enters the nucleus to induce IFNs (PubMed:25326420).
messages: Mice develop normally and no overt phenotype is observed in hematopoietic cell population (PubMed:15665823). However, the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL6) and IL12 by various TLR ligands is impaired, whereas interferon-alpha induction is normal (PubMed:15665823).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues by IKBKB in a C-terminal autoinhibitory region, stimulates dimerization, transport into the nucleus, assembly with the coactivator CBP/EP300 and initiation of transcription.
messages: Transcription factor that plays a critical role in innate immunity by activating expression of type I interferon (IFN) IFNA and INFB and inflammatory cytokines downstream of endolysosomal toll-like receptors TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 (PubMed:15665823). Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters (PubMed:15665823). Can efficiently activate both the IFN-beta (IFNB) and the IFN-alpha (IFNA) genes and mediate their induction downstream of the TLR-activated, MyD88-dependent pathway (PubMed:15665823).

10090:Pou2f3
gene id: 10090:Pou2f3
uniprot id: P31362
uniprot id: Q3U5D1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-2 subfamily.
messages: Interacts (via the POU domain) with POU2AF1 and POU2AF2 in a DNA-dependent manner; this interaction recruits POU2AF2 to chromatin and increases POU2F3 transactivation activity.
messages: Mice homozygous for null mutation exhibit defective keratinocyte differentiation, however the skin and coat appear normal.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Skin, thymus, stomach and testis.
messages: Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT-3') (PubMed:8441607). Regulates cell type-specific differentiation pathways. Involved in the regulation of keratinocytes differentiation (PubMed:9242494). The POU2F3-POU2AF2/POU2AF3 complex drives the expression of tuft-cell-specific genes, a rare chemosensory cells that coordinate immune and neural functions within mucosal epithelial tissues (By similarity).

10090:Cyb561
gene id: 10090:Cyb561
uniprot id: Q60720
uniprot id: V9GX11
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly distributed in a number of neuroendocrine tissues.
messages: Binds 2 heme b groups non-covalently.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Cyb561 have significantly decreased amounts of norepinephrine and normetanephrine in the adrenal gland and brain while the biosynthesis of dopamine, the norepinephrine precursor, is normal pointing to a defect in the catecholamine biosynthesis downstream of dopamine probably at the level of the dopamine beta synthase.
messages: Transmembrane reductase that uses ascorbate as an electron donor in the cytoplasm and transfers electrons across membranes to reduce monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical in the lumen of secretory vesicles (Probable). It is therefore involved the regeneration and homeostasis within secretory vesicles of ascorbate which in turn provides reducing equivalents needed to support the activity of intravesicular enzymes (By similarity).
messages: chromaffin granule membrane

10090:Rhox6
gene id: 10090:Rhox6
uniprot id: O70238
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Alox8
gene id: 10090:Alox8
uniprot id: O35936
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the lipoxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit.
messages: By phorbol ester.
messages: Expressed in epidermis and brain (PubMed:9305900, PubMed:9518531). No expression found in heart, spleen, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney or testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase that catalyzes the stereo-specific peroxidation of free and esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids generating a spectrum of bioactive lipid mediators (PubMed:9305900, PubMed:10965849, PubMed:10625675, PubMed:16143298, PubMed:16112079, PubMed:15558016, PubMed:27435673). Catalyzes the peroxidation of arachidonate and linoleate into (8S)-HPETE and (9S)-HPODE respectively (PubMed:9305900, PubMed:10965849, PubMed:10625675, PubMed:16143298, PubMed:16112079, PubMed:15558016, PubMed:27435673). In addition to generate (8S)-HPETE from free arachidonic acid (AA), may produce other HETE isomers from phospholipid-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids and minor products derived from (8S)-HPETE itself that may include leukotriene A4 and 8,15-diHPETE (PubMed:16143298, PubMed:16112079, PubMed:27435673). With free arachidonate as substrate, has no detectable 15S-lipoxygenase activity and only displays a 8S-lipoxygenase activity (PubMed:10625675, PubMed:16112079, PubMed:16143298, PubMed:15558016, PubMed:10965849, PubMed:9305900). However may have a 15S-lipoxygenase activity with (8S)-HPETE to produce (8S,15S)-diHPETE and when oxidizes directly arachidonic acid esterified to membrane-bound phospholipids to produce a phospholipid-esterified 15-HpETE (PubMed:27435673, PubMed:16112079, PubMed:16143298). May also catalyze (15S)-HPETE peroxidation to produce 8,15-diHPETE (PubMed:16112079). May play a role in keratinocyte differentiation through activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway (PubMed:10965849).
messages: The PLAT domain can bind calcium ions; this promotes association with membranes.
messages: cytosol

10090:Abhd5
gene id: 10090:Abhd5
uniprot id: Q9DBL9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acyltransferase activity is inhibited by detergents such as Triton X-100 and 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (CHAPS). Acyltransferase activity is inhibited by the presence of magnesium and calcium.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S33 family. ABHD4/ABHD5 subfamily.
messages: Coenzyme A-dependent lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of an acyl group on a lysophosphatidic acid (PubMed:19801371). Functions preferentially with 1-oleoyl-lysophosphatidic acid followed by 1-palmitoyl-lysophosphatidic acid, 1-stearoyl-lysophosphatidic acid and 1-arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidic acid as lipid acceptor (PubMed:19801371). Functions preferentially with arachidonoyl-CoA followed by oleoyl-CoA as acyl group donors (PubMed:19801371). Functions in phosphatidic acid biosynthesis (By similarity). May regulate the cellular storage of triacylglycerol through activation of the phospholipase PNPLA2 (PubMed:16679289). Involved in keratinocyte differentiation (By similarity). Regulates lipid droplet fusion (PubMed:26083785).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in the adipose tissue and testes. Weakly expressed in the liver, muscle, kidney, and heart. Expressed by upper epidermal layers and dermal fibroblasts in skin, hepatocytes and hypothalamus in brain (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with ADRP (By similarity). Interacts with PLIN. Interacts with and PNPLA2. Interacts with PLIN5; promotes interaction with PNPLA2.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
messages: cytosol

10090:Spata1
gene id: 10090:Spata1
uniprot id: Q9D5R4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detectable at postnatal day 24 (P24) and its expression is increased at day P30 and P35.
messages: Highly abundant in the testis, and is also expressed in the heart and kidney (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with IFT20.
messages: acrosome

10090:Tnfrsf4
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf4
uniprot id: B1ASL3
uniprot id: P47741
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By IL6/STAT3 signaling in T-helper Th17 cells.
messages: Expressed in CD4(+) T-cells and in T-helper Th17 cells (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with TRAF2, TRAF3 and TRAF5.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for TNFSF4/OX40L/GP34. Is a costimulatory molecule implicated in long-term T-cell immunity (By similarity).

10090:Allc
gene id: 10090:Allc
uniprot id: Q32MW4
uniprot id: Q9JHX6
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the allantoicase family.
messages: The function of this enzyme is unclear as allantoicase activity is not known to exist in mammals.

10090:Map3k8
gene id: 10090:Map3k8
uniprot id: Q07174
uniprot id: Q3UEB8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in bone marrow-derived macrophages, peritoneal macrophages, splenocytes and 3T3-L1 fibroblasts and differentiated adipocytes (at protein level). Highly expressed in adult submandibular gland, thymus, spleen and newborn digestive tract.
messages: Forms a ternary complex with NFKB1/p105 and TNIP2. Interacts with NFKB1; the interaction increases the stability of MAP3K8 but inhibits its MEK phosphorylation activity, whereas loss of interaction following LPS stimulation leads to its degradation. Interacts with CD40 and TRAF6; the interaction is required for ERK activation. Interacts with KSR2; the interaction inhibits ERK and NF-kappa-B activation.
messages: Mutant mice develop normally and show histologically normal bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. Mice are resistant to the induction of endotoxin shock due to defect in the induction of Tnf in response to LPS. Mice display impaired host defense against T.gondii with reduced parasite clearance and decreased Ifng production. Mice also show increased susceptibility to M.tuberculosis and L.monocytogenes infection.
messages: Required for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced, TLR4-mediated activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway in macrophages, thus being critical for production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (TNF) during immune responses. Involved in the regulation of T-helper cell differentiation and IFNG expression in T-cells. Involved in mediating host resistance to bacterial infection through negative regulation of type I interferon (IFN) production. Transduces CD40 and TNFRSF1A signals that activate ERK in B-cells and macrophages, and thus may play a role in the regulation of immunoglobulin production. May also play a role in the transduction of TNF signals that activate JNK and NF-kappa-B in some cell types. In adipocytes, activates MAPK/ERK pathway in an IKBKB-dependent manner in response to IL1B and TNF, but not insulin, leading to induction of lipolysis. Plays a role in the cell cycle.
messages: Up-regulated by Il12 in T-lymphocytes. Up-regulated during in vitro adipocyte differentiation. Up-regulated in epididymal adipose tissue of obese mice.

10090:Tmem177
gene id: 10090:Tmem177
uniprot id: Q8BPE4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM177 family.
messages: Found in a complex with COX20, COA6, MT-CO2/COX2, COX18, SCO1 and SCO2. Interacts with COX20. Interacts with COX1, MT-CO2/COX2, SCO1 and SCO2 in a COX20-dependent manner.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Plays a role in the early steps of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2) maturation and is required for the stabilization of COX20 and the newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX2 protein.

10090:Reg3a
gene id: 10090:Reg3a
uniprot id: O09037
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a hormone in response to different stimuli like anti-inflammatory signals, such as IL17A, or gut microbiome. Secreted by different cell types to activate its receptor EXTL3 and induce cell specific signaling pathways. Induced by IL17A in keratinocytes, regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation after skin injury via activation of EXTL3-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway (By similarity). In parallel, inhibits skin inflammation through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL6 and TNF (PubMed:22727489). In pancreas, is able to permealize beta-cells membrane and stimulate their proliferation (PubMed:36240759).
messages: Bactericidal C-type lectin. The lack of the EPN motif may explain its inability to bind peptidoglycan.
messages: Forms a hexameric membrane-permeabilizing oligomeric pore on membrane phospholipids. The hexamer is formed by three dimers related by helical symmetry. Forms filaments, filamentation traps pore complexes and limits damage to host cells. Interacts with EXTL3.
messages: IL17A induces its expression in primary keratinocytes and skin wounds.
messages: Lacks the EPN motif and the presence of Gln instead of Glu at amino-acid position 114 may explain its inability to bind peptidoglycan.
messages: Overexpressed during the acute phase of pancreatitis.
messages: Proteolytic processing by trypsin removes an inhibitory N-terminal propeptide and is essential for peptidoglycan binding and antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: Small intestine and pancreas.

10090:Tubb4b
gene id: 10090:Tubb4b
uniprot id: P68372
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: The highly acidic C-terminal region may bind cations such as calcium.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in the retina and the cochlea.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Colgalt1
gene id: 10090:Colgalt1
uniprot id: Q8K297
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 25 family.
messages: Beta-galactosyltransferase that transfers beta-galactose to hydroxylysine residues of type I collagen. By acting on collagen glycosylation, facilitates the formation of collagen triple helix. Also involved in the biosynthesis of collagen type IV.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Api5
gene id: 10090:Api5
uniprot id: O35841
uniprot id: Q3UYQ4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-251 impairs antiapoptotic function.
messages: Antiapoptotic factor that may have a role in protein assembly. Negatively regulates ACIN1. By binding to ACIN1, it suppresses ACIN1 cleavage from CASP3 and ACIN1-mediated DNA fragmentation. Also known to efficiently suppress E2F1-induced apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the API5 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated in vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) treated with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with FGF2 and ACIN1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Drd5
gene id: 10090:Drd5
uniprot id: B2RQS5
uniprot id: Q8BLD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
messages: Membrane

10090:Lemd3
gene id: 10090:Lemd3
uniprot id: Q9WU40
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can function as a specific repressor of TGF-beta, activin, and BMP signaling through its interaction with the R-SMAD proteins. Antagonizes TGF-beta-induced cell proliferation arrest (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD5. Binds to both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated R-SMADS (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus inner membrane

10090:Rad23b
gene id: 10090:Rad23b
uniprot id: P54728
uniprot id: Q3UQN3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RAD23 family.
messages: Component of the XPC complex composed of XPC, RAD23B and CETN2. Interacts with NGLY1 and PSMC1. Interacts with ATXN3 (By similarity). Interacts with AMFR. Interacts with VCP; the interaction is indirect and mediated by NGLY1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Impaired embryonic development with a 90 % rate of intrauterine or neonatal death. Surviving animals display a variety of abnormalities, including retarded growth, facial dysmorphology and male sterility. The effect on NER competence is reported conflictingly: According PubMed:11809813 no change in NER activity is found and according PubMed:15336624 a reduced NER activity is seen. Embryonic lethal with Rad23a and Rad23b double deficiency. Double deficient cells show reduced cell survival upopn UV radiation and reduced steady-state level of Xpc indicating a reduced NER capacity.
messages: Involved in global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) by acting as component of the XPC complex. Cooperatively with Cetn2 appears to stabilize Xpc. May protect Xpc from proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Binds to polyubiquitin chains. Proposed to be capable to bind simultaneously to the 26S proteasome and to polyubiquitinated substrates and to deliver ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome. May play a role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded glycoproteins by association with PNGase and delivering deglycosylated proteins to the proteasome.
messages: Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Involved in nucleotide excision repair.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The XPC complex is proposed to represent the first factor bound at the sites of DNA damage and together with other core recognition factors, Xpa, RPA and the TFIIH complex, is part of the pre-incision (or initial recognition) complex. The XPC complex recognizes a wide spectrum of damaged DNA characterized by distortions of the DNA helix such as single-stranded loops, mismatched bubbles or single-stranded overhangs. The orientation of XPC complex binding appears to be crucial for inducing a productive NER. XPC complex is proposed to recognize and to interact with unpaired bases on the undamaged DNA strand which is followed by recruitment of the TFIIH complex and subsequent scanning for lesions in the opposite strand in a 5'-to-3' direction by the NER machinery. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) which are formed upon UV-induced DNA damage esacpe detection by the XPC complex due to a low degree of structural perurbation. Instead they are detected by the UV-DDB complex which in turn recruits and cooperates with the XPC complex in the respective DNA repair. In vitro, the Xpc:Rad23b dimer is sufficient to initiate NER; it preferentially binds to cisplatin and UV-damaged double-stranded DNA and also binds to a variety of chemically and structurally diverse DNA adducts. Xpc:Rad23b contacts DNA both 5' and 3' of a cisplatin lesion with a preference for the 5' side. Xpc:Rad23bB induces a bend in DNA upon binding. Xpc:Rad23b stimulates the activity of DNA glycosylases Tdg and Smug1 (By similarity).

10090:Ddx1
gene id: 10090:Ddx1
uniprot id: Q91VR5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, able to unwind both RNA-RNA and RNA-DNA duplexes. Possesses 5' single-stranded RNA overhang nuclease activity. Possesses ATPase activity on various RNA, but not DNA polynucleotides. May play a role in RNA clearance at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), thereby facilitating the template-guided repair of transcriptionally active regions of the genome. Together with RELA, acts as a coactivator to enhance NF-kappa-B-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity). Acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of cyclin CCND2 expression (PubMed:19398953). Binds to the cyclin CCND2 promoter region (PubMed:19398953). Associates with chromatin at the NF-kappa-B promoter region via association with RELA. Binds to poly(A) RNA. May be involved in 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex required to facilitate the enzymatic turnover of catalytic subunit RTCB: together with archease (ZBTB8OS), acts by facilitating the guanylylation of RTCB, a key intermediate step in tRNA ligation (By similarity). Component of a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the adapter molecule TICAM1 (PubMed:21703541). Specifically binds (via helicase ATP-binding domain) on both short and long poly(I:C) dsRNA (PubMed:21703541).
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed in the testis from 11.5 to 19.5 dpc.
messages: Found in a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex at least composed of DHX36, DDX1, DDX21 and TICAM1; this complex exists in resting cells with or without poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation (PubMed:21703541). Interacts with DHX36 (PubMed:21703541). Interacts (via B30.2/SPRY domain) with DDX21 (via N-terminus); this interaction serves as bridges to TICAM1 (PubMed:21703541). Interacts with FAM98A (via N- and C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with MBNL1 (By similarity). Interacts with CSTF2 (By similarity). Interacts with HNRNPK (By similarity). Interacts with ATM (By similarity). Interacts with RELA (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex (By similarity). Interacts with PHF5A (via C-terminus) (PubMed:18758164). Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ATM kinase; phosphorylation is increased in response to ionizing radiation (IR).
messages: Testis-specific. Expressed in the germ line stem cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes of the testis. Also expressed in the seminoma and nonseminoma types of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) (at protein level).
messages: The helicase domain is involved in the stimulation of RELA transcriptional activity.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tigd3
gene id: 10090:Tigd3
uniprot id: Q7TM95
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tigger transposable element derived protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Adrb2
gene id: 10090:Adrb2
uniprot id: P18762
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRB2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine.
messages: Binds NHERF1 and GPRASP1. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with SRC (By similarity). Interacts with USP20 and USP33 (By similarity). Interacts with VHL; the interaction, which is increased on hydroxylation of ADRB2, ubiquitinates ADRB2 leading to its degradation. Interacts with EGLN3; the interaction hydroxylates ADRB2 facilitating VHL-E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination. Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required when endocytosed to prevent degradation in lysosomes and promote recycling to the plasma membrane. Interacts with CNIH4. Interacts with ARRDC3. Interacts with NEDD4 (By similarity). Interacts with MARCHF2 (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Hydroxylation by EGLN3 occurs only under normoxia and increases the interaction with VHL and the subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of ADRB2.
messages: Palmitoylated. Mainly palmitoylated at Cys-341. Palmitoylation may reduce accessibility of phosphorylation sites by anchoring the receptor to the plasma membrane. Agonist stimulation promotes depalmitoylation and further allows Ser-345 and Ser-346 phosphorylation. Also undergoes transient, ligand-induced palmitoylation at Cys-265 probably by ZDHHC9, ZDHHC14 and ZDHHC18 within the Golgi. Palmitoylation at Cys-265 requires phosphorylation by PKA and receptor internalization and stabilizes the receptor. Could be depalmitoylated by LYPLA1 at the plasma membrane.
messages: Palmitoylated; may reduce accessibility of Ser-345 and Ser-346 by anchoring Cys-341 to the plasma membrane. Agonist stimulation promotes depalmitoylation and further allows Ser-345 and Ser-346 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA and BARK upon agonist stimulation, which mediates homologous desensitization of the receptor. PKA-mediated phosphorylation seems to facilitate phosphorylation by BARK.
messages: Phosphorylation of Tyr-141 is induced by insulin and leads to supersensitization of the receptor.
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Agonist-induced ubiquitination leads to sort internalized receptors to the lysosomes for degradation. Deubiquitination by USP20 and USP33, leads to ADRB2 recycling and resensitization after prolonged agonist stimulation. USP20 and USP33 are constitutively associated and are dissociated immediately after agonist stimulation. Ubiquitination by the VHL-E3 ligase complex is oxygen-dependent (By similarity).

10090:Tnk1
gene id: 10090:Tnk1
uniprot id: Q99ML2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in whole embryo and all adult tissues examined including liver, kidney, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and intestine. Also detected in various myeloid- and lymphoid-derived cell lines.
messages: Expression during embryogenesis increases between 7 dpc and 11 dpc. Levels of expression subsequently decrease and reach a steady-state level by 17 dpc.
messages: Interacts with the SH3 domain of PLCG1 via its Pro-rich domain.
messages: May function in signaling pathways utilized broadly during fetal development and more selectively in adult tissues and in cells of the lymphohematopoietic system. Could specifically be involved in phospholipid signal transduction (By similarity). Involved in negative regulation of cell growth. Has tumor suppressor properties. Plays a negative regulatory role in the Ras-MAPK pathway.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice develop spontaneous tumors, including lymphomas and carcinomas at high rates.

10090:Hdc
gene id: 10090:Hdc
uniprot id: P23738
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the biosynthesis of histamine from histidine.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Vmn2r62
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r62
uniprot id: K7N712
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mrpl20
gene id: 10090:Mrpl20
uniprot id: Q9CQL4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL20 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins (By similarity). Interacts with OXA1L (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Or4c121
gene id: 10090:Or4c121
uniprot id: Q8VGM5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Adgra2
gene id: 10090:Adgra2
uniprot id: Q91ZV8
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in the vasculature of the developing embryo (PubMed:11559528, PubMed:21071672, PubMed:21282641). Expression in normal adult tissues is specifically vascular with endothelial expression in CNS, including brain and retina and more widespread pericyte expression in the brain and organs, including the kidney, pancreas and corpus luteum (PubMed:21071672).
messages: At 10 dpc expressed in a wide variety of tissues with relatively more abundant expression in limb buds (PubMed:18848646). At 10.5-12.5 dpc, detected in vessels of the developing CNS and perineural vascular plexus (PNVP) (PubMed:21282641). Expressed in both endothelial cells and pericytes, most prominently in brain and neural tube, and to a lesser degrees in non-CNS embryonic organs, including the liver, heart, and kidney (PubMed:18848646, PubMed:21282641). Expressed also in embryonic epithelium of lung and esophagus and in mesenchyme (PubMed:18848646, PubMed:21282641). Detected in mesenchyme of the palatal shelf at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:21282641).
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endothelial receptor which functions together with RECK to enable brain endothelial cells to selectively respond to Wnt7 signals (WNT7A or WNT7B) (PubMed:25373781, PubMed:25558062, PubMed:28803732). Plays a key role in Wnt7-specific responses, such as endothelial cell sprouting and migration in the forebrain and neural tube, and establishment of the blood-brain barrier (PubMed:21071672, PubMed:21282641, PubMed:21421844, PubMed:25373781, PubMed:28288111). Acts as a Wnt7-specific coactivator of canonical Wnt signaling: required to deliver RECK-bound Wnt7 to frizzled by assembling a higher-order RECK-ADGRA2-Fzd-LRP5-LRP6 complex (By similarity). ADGRA2-tethering function does not rely on its G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) structure but instead on its combined capacity to interact with RECK extracellularly and recruit the Dishevelled scaffolding protein intracellularly (By similarity). Binds to the glycosaminoglycans heparin, heparin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with RECK; the interaction is direct (PubMed:28803732). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with DLG1 (via PDZ domains) (PubMed:25558062). The cleaved extracellular subunit interacts with the integrin heterodimer ITGAV:ITGB3 (By similarity).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-8 is the initiator.
messages: No viable adults (PubMed:21071672, PubMed:21282641, PubMed:21421844). Beginning at 11 dpc, deficient embryos exhibit completely penetrant, progressive CNS hemorrhage originating in forebrain telencephalon and ventral neural tube leading to embryonic lethality from 15.5 dpc (PubMed:21071672, PubMed:21282641, PubMed:21421844). Embryos at 11.5 dpc display selective CNS-specific vascular patterning defects, with markedly reduced angiogenic sprouting into the forebrain telencephalon and thickening of the underlying periventricular vascular plexus rendering the telencephalon virtually avascular (PubMed:21071672, PubMed:21282641, PubMed:21421844, PubMed:25373781). Remaining CNS vessels show significantly increased permeability (PubMed:21421844). Lung size is reduced in 15.5 dpc embryos (PubMed:21282641). Cleft palate is present at 15.5 dpc or later (PubMed:21282641). Conditional knockout mice lacking Adgra2 in the endothelia of adult mice show blood-brain barrier integrity defects in a stroke model and glioblastoma (PubMed:28288111).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved into two subunits, an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit. Cleaved by thrombin (F2) and MMP1. Also cleaved by MMP9, with lower efficiency. Presence of the protein disulfide-isomerase P4HB at the cell surface is additionally required for shedding of the extracellular subunit, suggesting that the subunits are linked by disulfide bonds. Shedding is enhanced by the growth factor FGF2 and may promote cell survival during angiogenesis.
messages: The RGD motif is involved in integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 binding.
messages: The leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) are important for potentiation of Wnt7 signaling.
messages: Up-regulated by the growth factors activin AB (INHBA: INHBB dimer) and TGFB1 in vitro.
messages: filopodium

10090:Ccl5
gene id: 10090:Ccl5
uniprot id: P30882
uniprot id: Q5XZF2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Chemoattractant for blood monocytes, memory T-helper cells and eosinophils. Causes the release of histamine from basophils and activates eosinophils. May activate several chemokine receptors including CCR1, CCR3, CCR4 and CCR5. May also be an agonist of the G protein-coupled receptor GPR75. Together with GPR75, may play a role in neuron survival through activation of a downstream signaling pathway involving the PI3, Akt and MAP kinases. By activating GPR75 may also play a role in insulin secretion by islet cells.
messages: Secreted
messages: T-cell and macrophage specific.

10090:Comtd1
gene id: 10090:Comtd1
uniprot id: Q8BIG7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative O-methyltransferase.

10090:Rfxap
gene id: 10090:Rfxap
uniprot id: Q8VCG9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the RFX complex that binds to the X-box of MHC II promoters.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: RFX consists of at least 3 different subunits; RFXAP, RFX5 and RFX-B/RFXANK; with each subunit representing a separate complementation group. RFX forms cooperative DNA binding complexes with X2BP and CBF/NF-Y. RFX associates with CIITA to form an active transcriptional complex (By similarity).

10090:Slc39a11
gene id: 10090:Slc39a11
uniprot id: Q8BWY7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in the testes and portions of the digestive system including the stomach, ileum and cecum. In contrast, expressed at very low levels in liver, duodenum, jejunum, and colon.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptionally up-regulated by zinc (PubMed:23643525). Up-regulated during lactation.
messages: Zinc importer that regulates cytosolic zinc concentration either via zinc influx from the extracellular compartment or efflux from intracellular organelles such as Golgi apparatus. May transport copper ions as well. The transport mechanism remains to be elucidated.

10090:1700066M21Rik
gene id: 10090:1700066M21Rik
uniprot id: Q9D9H8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the C2orf69 family.
messages: May play a role in the respiratory chain.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Clasp2
gene id: 10090:Clasp2
uniprot id: Q8BRT1
uniprot id: Q8BSE7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CLASP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in oocytes and early embryos.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in brain and at low levels in heart, kidney and lung.
messages: Interacts with microtubules (PubMed:11290329). Interacts with MAPRE1; probably required for targeting to growing microtubule plus ends. Interacts with ERC1, MAPRE3 and PHLDB2. The interaction with ERC1 may be mediated by PHLDB2. Interacts with GCC2; recruits CLASP2 to Golgi membranes (By similarity). Interacts with CLIP2 and RSN (PubMed:11290329). Interacts with MACF1 (PubMed:18854161).
messages: Microtubule plus-end tracking protein that promotes the stabilization of dynamic microtubules. Involved in the nucleation of noncentrosomal microtubules originating from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Required for the polarization of the cytoplasmic microtubule arrays in migrating cells towards the leading edge of the cell. May act at the cell cortex to enhance the frequency of rescue of depolymerizing microtubules by attaching their plus-ends to cortical platforms composed of ERC1 and PHLDB2. This cortical microtubule stabilizing activity is regulated at least in part by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. Also performs a similar stabilizing function at the kinetochore which is essential for the bipolar alignment of chromosomes on the mitotic spindle. Acts as a mediator of ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex.
messages: Phosphorylated by GSK3B. Phosphorylation by GSK3B may negatively regulate binding to microtubule lattices in lamella. Isoform 2 is phosphorylated on Ser-241.
messages: The two SXIP sequence motifs mediate interaction with MAPRE1; this is necessary for targeting to growing microtubule plus ends.
messages: Two TOG regions display structural characteristics similar to HEAT repeat domains and mediate interaction with microtubules.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: kinetochore
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Ppm1l
gene id: 10090:Ppm1l
uniprot id: Q8BHN0
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a suppressor of the SAPK signaling pathways by associating with and dephosphorylating MAP3K7/TAK1 and MAP3K5, and by attenuating the association between MAP3K7/TAK1 and MAP2K4 or MAP2K6.
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, testis, liver, lung and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with MAP3K7/TAK1 and MAP3K5.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice exhibit increased fat mass and higher plasma glucose levels compared to wild type mice. Male mice also exhibit a decrease in free fatty acids and higher blood pressure.

10090:Atp13a3
gene id: 10090:Atp13a3
uniprot id: Q5XF89
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-driven pump involved in endocytosis-dependent polyamine transport. Uses ATP as an energy source to transfer polyamine precursor putrescine from the endosomal compartment to the cytosol.
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expression is greatest in liver, followed by kidney, colon, stomach, brain and small intestine. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in the kidney while isoform 2 is highly expressed in the brain.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane

10090:Tmem144
gene id: 10090:Tmem144
uniprot id: Q8VEH0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM144 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc30a4
gene id: 10090:Slc30a4
uniprot id: A2AK40
uniprot id: O35149
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily.
messages: Defect in Slc30a4 is the cause of the lethal milk (lm) phenotype. Mice with lm are defective in zinc transport into breast milk, due to a premature translation termination codon at position 297. Only homozygous mutant adults develop dermatitis, skin lesions, and hair loss due to a systemic zinc deficiency. Pups of any genotype suckled on homozygous mutant female also develop symptoms characteristic of nutritional zinc deficiency, including dermatitis, alopecia and stunted growth.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homodimerization could regulate efficiency for zinc transport. Interacts with TMEM163 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable proton-coupled zinc ion antiporter mediating zinc import from cytoplasm potentially into the endocytic compartment (PubMed:9354792). Controls zinc deposition in milk (PubMed:9354792).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in the brain and in mammary epithelial cell lines.

10090:Pabir1
gene id: 10090:Pabir1
uniprot id: Q9DB52
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as an inhibitor of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Potentiates ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha (PPP2CA) (By similarity). Inhibits PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of WEE1, promoting ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of WEE1, thereby releasing G2/M checkpoint (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the FAM122 family.
messages: CHEK1-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-34 negatively regulates its ability to inhibit serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity. Phosphorylation leads to its release from the PP2A complex and its sequestration by 14-3-3 proteins in the cytoplasm resulting in its inability to translocate to the nucleus, where it otherwise inhibits PP2A.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PPP2CA, PPP2R2A and PPP2R1A (By similarity). The CHEK1-mediated Ser-34 phosphorylated form interacts with 14-3-3 proteins (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rundc3a
gene id: 10090:Rundc3a
uniprot id: O08576
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RUNDC3 family.
messages: Brain.
messages: Interacts with the GTP-bound form of RAP2A.
messages: May act as an effector of RAP2A in neuronal cells.

10090:Cldn5
gene id: 10090:Cldn5
uniprot id: O54942
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with MPDZ (By similarity). Directly interacts with TJP1/ZO-1, TJP2/ZO-2 and TJP3/ZO-3.
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in the lung.
messages: tight junction

10090:Agxt
gene id: 10090:Agxt
uniprot id: O35423
uniprot id: Q3UEN9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the transamination between L-serine and pyruvate and weakly contributes to gluconeogenesis from the L-serine metabolism.
messages: Catalyzes the transamination of glyoxylate to glycine and contributes to the glyoxylate detoxification.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Peroxisome
messages: The intracellular compartmentalization of AGTX in mammalian hepatocytes is species dependent. In human and rabbit, AGTX is peroxisomal. In new world monkeys (marmoset) and rodents (rat and mouse), it is distributed approximately evenly between peroxisomes and mitochondria. In carnivores, like cat, the great majority of the enzyme is mitochondrial with only a small proportion being peroxisomal.

10090:Bcl11a
gene id: 10090:Bcl11a
uniprot id: Q9QYE3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Germline biallelic loss of Bcl11a leads to perinatal lethality. Bcl11a +/- mice have a significantly decreased brain volume, affecting both gray and white matter. The limbic system (hippocampus and amygdala) is among the brain regions that are more severely affected. Bcl11a +/- mice display normal novelty-seeking behavior but show long-term social memory defects, impaired sociability, and increased physical activity. Bcl11a +/- mice show dynamic postnatal transcriptional dysregulation in the brain.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing embryo. Expressed in developing brain from 10.5 dpc, with highest expression in the forebrain between 12.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc. Central nervous system expression persists throughout the postnatal period in the cortex, hippocampus, olfactory buld, and, to a lesser extent, in the cerebellum.
messages: Interacts with NR2F1, PIAS3, NR2F2 and NR2F6 (PubMed:18681895, PubMed:10744719). Interacts with TBR1 (By similarity).
messages: Isoforms are expressed in a tissue-specific fashion. Isoforms 1, isoform 2, and isoform 3 are expressed at similar levels in testis, kidney and spleen. Isoform 1 is expressed in the stomach, and isoform 2 is expressed exclusively in the lung. Overexpression following proviral integration in hematopoietic cells results in the generation of myeloid leukemia.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.
messages: The N-terminus is involved in protein dimerization and in transactivation of transcription.
messages: Transcription factor (By similarity). Associated with the BAF SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (PubMed:23644491). Binds to the 5'-TGACCA-3' sequence motif in regulatory regions of target genes (By similarity). May play a role in hematopoiesis (PubMed:10757802). Essential factor in lymphopoiesis, required for B-cell formation in fetal liver (PubMed:12717432). May function as a modulator of the transcriptional repression activity of NR2F2 (PubMed:10744719).
messages: Zinc finger domains are necessary for sequence-specific binding to DNA.

10090:Tacr2
gene id: 10090:Tacr2
uniprot id: P30549
uniprot id: Q3KP20
uniprot id: Q8BZV9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance K (neurokinin A). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance K > neuromedin-K > substance P.

10090:Fkbp4
gene id: 10090:Fkbp4
uniprot id: P30416
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with GLMN (By similarity). Associates with HSP90AA1 and HSPA1A/HSPA1B in steroid hormone receptor complexes. Also interacts with peroxisomal phytanoyl-CoA alpha-hydroxylase (PHYH). Interacts with NR3C1 and dynein. Interacts with HSF1 in the HSP90 complex. Associates with tubulin. Interacts with MAPT/TAU (By similarity). Interacts (via TPR domain) with S100A1, S100A2 and S100A6; the interaction is Ca(2+) dependent. Interaction with S100A1 and S100A2 (but not with S100A6) leads to inhibition of FKBP4-HSP90 interaction. Interacts with dynein; contributes to NR3C1 transport to the nucleus.
messages: Immunophilin protein with PPIase and co-chaperone activities. Component of steroid receptors heterocomplexes through interaction with heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90). May play a role in the intracellular trafficking of heterooligomeric forms of steroid hormone receptors between cytoplasm and nuclear compartments. The isomerase activity controls neuronal growth cones via regulation of TRPC1 channel opening. Acts also as a regulator of microtubule dynamics by inhibiting MAPT/TAU ability to promote microtubule assembly. May have a protective role against oxidative stress in mitochondria.
messages: Inhibited by FK506.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CK2 results in loss of HSP90 binding activity.
messages: The C-terminal region (AA 375-458) is required to prevent tubulin polymerization.
messages: The PPIase activity is mainly due to the first PPIase FKBP-type domain (1-138 AA).
messages: The TPR repeats mediate mitochondrial localization.
messages: The chaperone activity resides in the C-terminal region, mainly between amino acids 264 and 400.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: cytosol

10090:Igdcc3
gene id: 10090:Igdcc3
uniprot id: Q8BQC3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. DCC family.
messages: Detected in cerebellum, kidney, heart, lung, skeletal muscle and spleen.
messages: Membrane
messages: Strongly expressed in embryos from 9.5 dpc to 10.5 dpc. Expression is much lower at 11.5 dpc and virtually extinct at 15.5 dpc. Detected in neural tube and lateral mesoderm at 9.5 dpc. At 10.5 dpc detected in fore and hind limb buds and lateral plate mesoderm, throughout the neural tube, in mesencephalon and dorsal diencephalon.

10090:Pik3r1
gene id: 10090:Pik3r1
uniprot id: P26450
uniprot id: Q80UI5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PI3K p85 subunit family.
messages: Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-Tyr kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Necessary for the insulin-stimulated increase in glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis in insulin-sensitive tissues (PubMed:27708159). Plays an important role in signaling in response to FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, KITLG/SCF, KIT, PDGFRA and PDGFRB. Likewise, plays a role in ITGB2 signaling (By similarity). Modulates the cellular response to ER stress by promoting nuclear translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent manner during metabolic overloading in the liver and hence plays a role in glucose tolerance improvement (PubMed:20348926).
messages: Double knockouts for KBTBD2 and PIK3R1 have increased body weight, normal fat storage, blood glucose and insulin levels.
messages: Heterodimer of a regulatory subunit PIK3R1 and a p110 catalytic subunit (PIK3CA, PIK3CB or PIK3CD). Interacts (via SH2 domains) with CCDC88A/GIV (tyrosine-phosphorylated form); the interaction enables recruitment of PIK3R1 to the EGFR receptor, enhancing PI3K activity and cell migration (By similarity). Interacts with XBP1 isoform 2; the interaction is direct and induces translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 into the nucleus in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent but PI3K-independent manner (PubMed:20348926). Interacts with PIK3R2; the interaction is dissociated in an insulin-dependent manner (PubMed:20348926). Interacts with phosphorylated LAT, LAX1 and TRAT1 upon TCR activation. The SH2 domains interact with the YTHM motif of phosphorylated INSR in vitro. Also interacts with tyrosine-phosphorylated IGF1R in vitro. Interacts with IRS1 and phosphorylated IRS4. Interacts with NISCH and RUFY3 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated TOM1L1. Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1 upon TCR or BCR activation. Interacts with CBLB. Interacts with CD28 and CD3Z upon T-cell activation. Interacts with SOCS7 and HCST. Interacts with AXL, FASLG, FGR, HCK, KIT and BCR. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with PDGFRB (tyrosine phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with NTRK1 (phosphorylated upon ligand-binding) (By similarity). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with CSF1R (tyrosine phosphorylated) (PubMed:9312046). Interacts with FER. Interacts with FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (phosphorylated) (Probable). Interacts with PDGFRA (tyrosine phosphorylated). Interacts with LYN (via SH3 domain); this enhances enzyme activity. Interacts with ERBB4. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with TEK/TIE2 (tyrosine phosphorylated). Interacts with FAM83B; activates the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade (By similarity). Interacts with APPL1 and APPL2 (PubMed:25328665). Interacts with SRC (By similarity). Interacts with ALOX5; this interaction bridges ALOX5 with CD40 after CD40 ligation in B cells …
messages: In adipose tissue, polyubiquitinated by the BCR(KBTBD2) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; recognized by KBTBD2 through the SH2 domains, undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination leading to its degradation.
messages: Phosphorylated. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to signaling by FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ. Phosphorylated by PIK3CA at Ser-608; phosphorylation is stimulated by insulin and PDGF. The relevance of phosphorylation by PIK3CA is however unclear. Phosphorylated in response to KIT and KITLG/SCF. Phosphorylated by FGR (By similarity). Phosphorylated by CSF1R. Phosphorylated by ERBB4. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by TEK/TIE2.
messages: Polyubiquitinated in T-cells by CBLB; which does not promote proteasomal degradation but impairs association with CD28 and CD3Z upon T-cell activation.
messages: The SH3 domain mediates the binding to CBLB.

10090:Slc1a5
gene id: 10090:Slc1a5
uniprot id: Q3UFR4
uniprot id: Q9ESU7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ercc6
gene id: 10090:Ercc6
uniprot id: F8VPZ5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A C-terminal ubiquitin-binding domain (UBD) is essential for transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair activity, interaction with RNA polymerase II, association with chromatin after UV irradiation and for mediating the UV-induced translocation of ERRC8 to the nuclear matrix.
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Essential factor involved in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair which allows RNA polymerase II-blocking lesions to be rapidly removed from the transcribed strand of active genes (By similarity). Upon DNA-binding, it locally modifies DNA conformation by wrapping the DNA around itself, thereby modifying the interface between stalled RNA polymerase II and DNA (By similarity). It is required for transcription-coupled repair complex formation. It recruits the CSA complex (DCX(ERCC8) complex), nucleotide excision repair proteins and EP300 to the sites of RNA polymerase II-blocking lesions (By similarity). Plays an important role in regulating the choice of the DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair pathway and G2/M checkpoint activation; DNA-dependent ATPase activity is essential for this function (By similarity). Regulates the DNA repair pathway choice by inhibiting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), thereby promoting the homologous recombination (HR)-mediated repair of DSBs during the S/G2 phases of the cell cycle (By similarity). Mediates the activation of the ATM- and CHEK2-dependent DNA damage responses thus preventing the premature exit from the G2/M checkpoint (By similarity). Acts as a chromatin remodeler at DSBs; DNA-dependent ATPase-dependent activity is essential for this function (By similarity). Remodels chromatin by evicting histones from chromatin flanking DSBs, limiting RIF1 accumulation at DSBs thereby promoting BRCA1-mediated HR (By similarity). Required for stable recruitment of ELOA and CUL5 to DNA damage sites (By similarity). Involved in UV-induced translocation of ERCC8 to the nuclear matrix (By similarity). Essential for neuronal differentiation and neuritogenesis; regulates transcription and chromatin remodeling activities required during neurogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Binds DNA (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC8 (By similarity). Interacts with RNA polymerase II; interaction is enhanced by UV irradiation (By similarity). Component of the B-WICH complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H, BAZ1B/WSTF, SF3B1, DEK, MYO1C, ERCC6, MYBBP1A and DDX21 (By similarity). Interacts with KIAA1530/UVSSA (By similarity). Interacts with ELOA and CUL5; the interaction is induced by DNA damaging agents or by inhibitors of RNA polymerase II elongation (By similarity). Interacts (via WHD region) with RIF1 (By similarity). Interacts with SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/BAF47 and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC5/XPG (via C-terminus); the interaction stimulates ERCC6/CSB binding to DNA repair bubble and ERCC6/CSB ATPase activity (By similarity). May form a complex composed of RNA polymerase II, ERCC6/CSB and ERCC5/XPG which associates with the DNA repair bubble during transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). Interacts with CAND1, CSTF1, DDX3X, DDX5, DDX17, DDX23, DHX36, HDAC1, HNRNPU, MTA2, PRPF3, PSMD3, RBBP4, SFPQ, SMARCA1, SMARCA2, TOP1, USP7 and XRCC5 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in a cell cycle-dependent manner at Ser-158 by cyclin A-CDK2 in response to DNA damage (By similarity). Phosphorylation at this site promotes the intramolecular interaction of the N-terminal domain with the helicase ATP-binding domain, thereby probably releasing the inhibitory effect of the N-terminal domain on its ATPase activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal domain exerts an inhibitory effect on the helicase ATP-binding domain in such a manner that its ATPase activity is restricted (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-158 promotes the intramolecular interaction of the N-terminal domain with the helicase ATP-binding domain, thereby probably releasing the inhibitory effect of the N-terminal domain on its ATPase activity (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated at the C-terminus (By similarity). Ubiquitination by the CSA complex leads to ERCC6 proteasomal degradation in a UV-dependent manner (By similarity). Stabilized following interaction with KIAA1530/UVSSA, which promotes recruitment of deubiquitinating enzyme USP7, leading to deubiquitination of ERCC6 thereby preventing UV-induced degradation of ERCC6 by the proteasome (By similarity).

10090:Ctu2
gene id: 10090:Ctu2
uniprot id: Q3U308
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CTU2/NCS2 family.
messages: Component of a complex at least composed of URM1, CTU2/NCS2 and CTU1/ATPBD3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). May act by forming a heterodimer with CTU1/ATPBD3 that ligates sulfur from thiocarboxylated URM1 onto the uridine of tRNAs at wobble position.

10090:Vmn1r242
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r242
uniprot id: K9J7G4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Crtc2
gene id: 10090:Crtc2
uniprot id: Q3U182
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation of arginine resisues by PRMT6 enhances the association of CRTC2 with CREB on the promoters of gluconeogenic genes.
messages: Belongs to the TORC family.
messages: Binds, as a tetramer, through its N-terminal region, with the bZIP domain of CREB1. 'Arg-314' in the bZIP domain of CREB1 is essential for this interaction. Interaction, via its C-terminal, with TAF4, enhances recruitment of TAF4 to CREB1. Interacts with SIK2 (By similarity). Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins, YWHAB and YWHAG (PubMed:28235073). Interacts (probably when phosphorylated at Ser-171) with YWHAE (PubMed:30611118). Interacts with calmodulin-dependent catalytic subunit PPP3CA/calcineurin A (PubMed:30611118). Interaction with COP1 mediates nuclear export and degradation of CRTC2 (PubMed:17805301).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation states of Ser-171 are required for regulating transduction of CREB activity (PubMed:29211348). CRTCs/TORCs are inactive when phosphorylated, and active when dephosphorylated at this site (PubMed:29211348). This primary site of phosphorylation, is regulated by cAMP and calcium levels and is dependent on the phosphorylation of SIKs (SIK1 and SIK2) by LKB1 (By similarity). Following adenylyl cyclase activation, dephosphorylated at Ser-171 by PPP3CA/calcineurin A resulting in CRTC2 dissociation from 14-3-3 proteins and PPP3CA (PubMed:30611118). Phosphorylation at Ser-275 by MARK2 is induced under low glucose conditions and dephosphorylated in response to glucose influx (By similarity). Both insulin and AMPK increase this phosphorylation of CRTC2 while glucagon suppresses it (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-275 promotes interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and translocation to the cytoplasm (By similarity).
messages: Transcriptional coactivator for CREB1 which activates transcription through both consensus and variant cAMP response element (CRE) sites (PubMed:29211348). Acts as a coactivator, in the SIK/TORC signaling pathway, being active when dephosphorylated (PubMed:29211348). Acts independently of CREB1 'Ser-133' phosphorylation. Enhances the interaction of CREB1 with TAF4. Regulates gluconeogenesis as a component of the LKB1/AMPK/TORC2 signaling pathway. Regulates the expression of specific genes such as the steroidogenic gene, StAR. Potent coactivator of PPARGC1A and inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r158
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r158
uniprot id: G3UY92
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Uckl1
gene id: 10090:Uckl1
uniprot id: Q91YL3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the uridine kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RNF19B.
messages: May contribute to UTP accumulation needed for blast transformation and proliferation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF19B; which induces proteasomal degradation.

10090:Cdk18
gene id: 10090:Cdk18
uniprot id: Q04899
uniprot id: Q0VDL6
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: In brain, kidney, intestine and at a much lower level, in fetal tissues.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-4 is the initiator.
messages: May play a role in signal transduction cascades in terminally differentiated cells.

10090:Kprp
gene id: 10090:Kprp
uniprot id: B2RUR4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Itih1
gene id: 10090:Itih1
uniprot id: F8WJ05
uniprot id: Q61702
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ITIH family.
messages: Heavy chains are linked to bikunin via chondroitin 4-sulfate esterified to the alpha-carboxyl of the C-terminal aspartate after propeptide cleavage.
messages: I-alpha-I plasma protease inhibitors are assembled from one or two heavy chains (HC) and one light chain, bikunin. Inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) is composed of ITIH1/HC1, ITIH2/HC2 and bikunin. Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link and CUB domains).
messages: Liver specific.
messages: May act as a carrier of hyaluronan in serum or as a binding protein between hyaluronan and other matrix protein, including those on cell surfaces in tissues to regulate the localization, synthesis and degradation of hyaluronan which are essential to cells undergoing biological processes.
messages: Secreted
messages: The S-linked glycan is composed of two 6-carbon sugars, possibly Glc or Gal.

10090:Slc18b1
gene id: 10090:Slc18b1
uniprot id: E9PU92
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Psmb9
gene id: 10090:Psmb9
uniprot id: A0A0R4J256
uniprot id: P28076
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocleaved. The resulting N-terminal Thr residue of the mature subunit is responsible for the nucleophile proteolytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the proteasome complex.
messages: Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Depletion of LMP2 by RNAi suppresses expression and activities of the matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 and MMP9 by blocking the transfer of active NF-kappa-B heterodimers into the nucleus.
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Expressed at high levels in the thymus, spleen, lung, heart and liver. Expressed at moderate levels in the kidney.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Component of the immunoproteasome, where it displaces the equivalent housekeeping subunit PSMB6. Component of the spermatoproteasome, a form of the proteasome specifically found in testis. Interacts with NCOA1, NCOA2 and NCOA3.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Contributes to NFKBIA degradation and subsequently NFKB1 generation.
messages: Up-regulated by interferon gamma (at protein level). Up-regulated by IRF1. Up-regulated by heat shock treatment. Down-regulated by EGR1 in neuronal cells.

10090:Nkx2-9
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-9
uniprot id: O70584
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possible role in the specification of a distinct subset of neurons.
messages: Prominent expression in ventral brain and neural tube structures.

10090:H6pd
gene id: 10090:H6pd
uniprot id: Q8CFX1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Bifunctional enzyme localized in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes the first two steps of the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway/shunt, an alternative to glycolysis and a major source of reducing power and metabolic intermediates for biosynthetic processes (PubMed:4169027, PubMed:12831846, PubMed:16356929, PubMed:18222920). Has a hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, with broad substrate specificity compared to glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase/G6PD, and catalyzes the first step of the pentose phosphate pathway (PubMed:4169027, PubMed:12831846, PubMed:18222920). In addition, acts as a 6-phosphogluconolactonase and catalyzes the second step of the pentose phosphate pathway (PubMed:12831846). May have a dehydrogenase activity for alternative substrates including glucosamine 6-phosphate and glucose 6-sulfate (PubMed:12831846). The main function of this enzyme is to provide reducing equivalents such as NADPH to maintain the adequate levels of reductive cofactors in the oxidizing environment of the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:12831846, PubMed:16356929, PubMed:17656460, PubMed:18222920). By producing NADPH that is needed by reductases of the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum like corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1/HSD11B1, indirectly regulates their activity (PubMed:16356929).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed in liver (at protein level) (PubMed:4169027). Expressed in muscles (PubMed:18222920). Expressed in adipose tissues (PubMed:18218694).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. 6-phosphogluconolactonase subfamily.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Mice lacking H6pd are born at the expected Mendelian frequency and do not show overt phenotype (PubMed:16356929). However, they display cellular inability to convert 11-dehydrocorticosterone (11-DHC) to corticosterone and present increased corticosterone to 11-DHC conversion associated with adrenal hyperplasia (PubMed:16356929). Mutant mice also display fasting hypoglycemia and perturbed lipid mobilization that are probably due to the aforementioned effect on corticosterone metabolism and blunted intracellular action of the hormone (PubMed:17656460, PubMed:18218694). Skeletal myopathy associated with a dysregulation of the expression of proteins associated with calcium homeostasis in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and an activation of the unfolded protein response are also observed (PubMed:18222920).

10090:Slc38a5
gene id: 10090:Slc38a5
uniprot id: Q3U1J0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated in Dgn3 deficient mice.
messages: Expressed in the ganglion cell layer and the nerve fiber layer (at protein level) (PubMed:18689705). Also expreseed in the cells of the inner nuclear layer and in the inner plexiform layer (at protein level) (PubMed:18689705). Expressed in Mueller and ganglion retinal cell (PubMed:18689705).
messages: Nakanishi et al (PMID:11698233) shows that the transport process is electrogenic, contrary to the conclusions of Hamdani et al (PMID:22821889) who finds that the transport is electroneutral with a Na(+):L-glutamine stoichiometry of 1:1 (By similarity). Hamdani et al. shows that this electrogenic transport describes by Nakanishi et al. would correspond to large uncoupled fluxes of protons (By similarity).
messages: Not inhibited by lithium (By similarity). Partial allosteric regulation on ions sodium binding (By similarity).
messages: Symporter that cotransports neutral amino acids and sodium ions, coupled to an H(+) antiporter activity (PubMed:15489334, PubMed:16249471). Releases L-glutamine and glycine from astroglial cells and may participate in the glutamate/GABA-L-glutamine cycle and the NMDA receptors activation (By similarity). In addition, contributes significantly to L-glutamine uptake in retina, namely in ganglion and Mueller cells therefore, participates in the retinal glutamate-glutamine cycle (PubMed:15489334, PubMed:16249471). The transport activity is pH sensitive, Li(+) tolerant, bidirectional and associated with large uncoupled fluxes of protons (By similarity). Moreover functions in both direction and is associated with large uncoupled fluxes of protons (By similarity). The transport is electroneutral coupled to the cotransport of 1 Na(+) and the antiport of 1 H(+) (By similarity). May have a particular importance for modulation of net hepatic glutamine flux (By similarity).

10090:Dph2
gene id: 10090:Dph2
uniprot id: Q9CR25
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH2 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster in the DPH1 subunit.
messages: Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Interacts with DPH1 (PubMed:15485916, PubMed:21203470).
messages: Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2 (PubMed:15485916). DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster found in the DPH1 subunit (By similarity).

10090:Rbis
gene id: 10090:Rbis
uniprot id: Q0VG62
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the pre-60S ribosomal particles.
messages: Trans-acting factor in ribosome biogenesis required for efficient 40S and 60S subunit production.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Kcnk5
gene id: 10090:Kcnk5
uniprot id: Q9JK62
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:C4b
gene id: 10090:C4b
uniprot id: P01029
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: C4 is a major histocompatibility complex class-III protein.
messages: Circulates in blood as a disulfide-linked trimer of an alpha, beta and gamma chain.
messages: Non-enzymatic component of C3 and C5 convertases and thus essential for the propagation of the classical complement pathway. Covalently binds to immunoglobulins and immune complexes and enhances the solubilization of immune aggregates and the clearance of IC through CR1 on erythrocytes. Catalyzes the transacylation of the thioester carbonyl group to form ester bonds with carbohydrate antigens (By similarity).
messages: Prior to secretion, the single-chain precursor is enzymatically cleaved to yield non-identical chains alpha, beta and gamma. During activation, the alpha chain is cleaved by C1 into C4a and C4b, and C4b stays linked to the beta and gamma chains. Further degradation of C4b by C1 into the inactive fragments C4c and C4d blocks the generation of C3 convertase.
messages: Secreted
messages: Synapse
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Glra3
gene id: 10090:Glra3
uniprot id: G5E811
uniprot id: Q91XP5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Glycine receptor (TC 1.A.9.3) subfamily. GLRA3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brainstem, also in neurons that control rhythmic breathing (PubMed:20978350). Detected in superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the thoracic spinal cord (PubMed:15131310). Detected in dentate gyrus in hippocampus, especially in stratum granulare (PubMed:19723286). Detected in the inner plexiform layer in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:12975813). Detected in midbrain, thalamus, brain cortex, hippocampus, and at lower levels in cerebellum (PubMed:19723286).
messages: Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine (PubMed:15131310, PubMed:20978350). Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels display faster channel closure (By similarity). Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (PubMed:15131310). Contributes to increased pain perception in response to increased prostaglandin E2 levels (PubMed:15131310). Plays a role in the regulation of breathing rhythm, especially of the duration of the postinspiratory phase (PubMed:20978350). Plays a role in cellular responses to ethanol (By similarity).
messages: Homopentamer (in vitro) (By similarity). Heteropentamer composed of GLRA3 and GLRB. Both homopentamers and heteropentamers form functional ion channels, but their characteristics are subtly different (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by prostaglandin E2, probably via PKA-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-379 (PubMed:15131310).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, appear normal and are fertile. They do not display notable alterations in motor coordination and startle response, or other neuromotor defects. Glycinergic postsynaptic inhibitory currents in spinal cord appear unchanged, but are not inhibited by prostaglandin E2, contrary to what is observed with wild-type. Basal nociception is unchanged, but contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display increased sensitivity to pain after prostaglandin E2 injection. Likewise, they show a more rapid decrease of the increased pain sensitivity caused by agents that cause local inflammation, such as subcutaneous zymosan injection (PubMed:15131310). Mutant mice display altered phrenic nerve activity, resulting in an irregular breathing rhythm that affects especially the duration of the postinspiratory phase. Contrary to wild-type, their respiratory rhythm is not accelerated by serotonin (PubMed:20978350).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA; this causes down-regulation of channel activity. Dephosphorylated in response to activation of HTR1A signaling; this increases channel activity (PubMed:20978350).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The N-terminal domain carries structural determinants essential for agonist and antagonist binding. The channel pore is formed by pentameric assembly of the second transmembrane domain from all five subunits. The cytoplasmic loop is an important determinant of channel inactivation kinetics.
messages: The alpha subunit binds strychnine.
messages: dendrite

10090:Rab5c
gene id: 10090:Rab5c
uniprot id: P35278
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with EEA1 and INCA1 (By similarity). Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHML and CHM; phosphorylation at Ser-85 disrupts this interaction (By similarity).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-85 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM, CHML and RAB GDP dissociation inhibitors GDI1 and GDI2.
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic.
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP.

10090:Ncaph
gene id: 10090:Ncaph
uniprot id: Q8C156
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CND2 (condensin subunit 2) family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the condensin complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and three non SMC subunits that probably regulate the complex: NCAPH/BRRN1, NCAPD2/CAPD2 and NCAPG.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1. Its phosphorylation, as well as that of NCAPD2 and NCAPG subunits, activates the condensin complex and is required for chromosome condensation (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases. Early in neurogenesis, may play an essential role to ensure accurate mitotic chromosome condensation in neuron stem cells, ultimately affecting neuron pool and cortex size.

10090:Ubp1
gene id: 10090:Ubp1
uniprot id: Q811S7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the grh/CP2 family. CP2 subfamily.
messages: Functions as a transcriptional activator in a promoter context-dependent manner. Involved in regulation of the alpha-globin gene in erythroid cells. Activation of the alpha-globin promoter in erythroid cells is via synergistic interaction with TFCP2. Functions as a trans-acting factor that regulates the domestic strain CYP2D9 gene through specific association with the regulatory element SDI-A1. Binding to SDI-A1 depends on the type of nucleotide at position 299; binding is abolished by a nucleotide substitution at this position. Modulates the placental expression of CYP11A1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with TFCP2 and PIAS1, and is probably part of a complex containing TFCP2, UBP1 and PIAS1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in both domestic and wild mouse strains. Recognizes the genetic difference at position 299 in the SDI-A1 element.
messages: Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in erythroid cells.

10090:Epn3
gene id: 10090:Epn3
uniprot id: Q91W69
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the epsin family.
messages: In keratinocytes, by wounding or contact with collagen.
messages: cell cortex
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cyth1
gene id: 10090:Cyth1
uniprot id: Q9QX11
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoinhibited by its C-terminal basic region.
messages: Binds via its PH domain to the inositol head group of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in colon and small intestine (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with TRIM23 and CYTIP (By similarity). Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with FRMD4A (via coiled-coil domain)(PubMed:20080746). Interacts with FRMD4B (PubMed:20080746). Found in a complex with PARD3, CYTH1 and FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with INAVA (via N-terminal domain) (By similarity).
messages: Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6 (PubMed:18042453, PubMed:20080746). Promotes the activation of ARF factors through replacement of GDP with GTP (PubMed:18042453). Plays an important role in membrane trafficking, during junctional remodeling and epithelial polarization, through regulation of ARF6 activity (PubMed:20080746, PubMed:29420262).
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(FBXW11) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Ubiquitination induces proteasomal degradation.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytosol
messages: tight junction

10090:Abhd4
gene id: 10090:Abhd4
uniprot id: Q8VD66
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S33 family. ABHD4/ABHD5 subfamily.
messages: Highest levels in the CNS and in testis, intermediate levels in liver and kidney. Hardly detectable in heart.
messages: Homozygous knockout ABHD4 mice are born at the expected Mendelian frequency, are viable and healthy, and show no overt differences in their cage behavior compared to that of wild-type littermates.
messages: Lysophospholipase selective for N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). Contributes to the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines, including the endocannabinoid anandamide by hydrolyzing the sn-1 and sn-2 acyl chains from N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) generating glycerophospho-N-acyl ethanolamine (GP-NAE), an intermediate for N-acyl ethanolamine biosynthesis (PubMed:16818490, PubMed:25853435). Hydrolyzes substrates bearing saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated N-acyl chains (PubMed:16818490, PubMed:25853435). Shows no significant activity towards other lysophospholipids, including lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylserine (PubMed:16818490).
messages: Thr-291 is present instead of the conserved His which is expected to be an active site residue.

10090:Dpy19l3
gene id: 10090:Dpy19l3
uniprot id: Q71B07
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the dpy-19 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable C-mannosyltransferase that mediates C-mannosylation of tryptophan residues on target proteins.

10090:Ireb2
gene id: 10090:Ireb2
uniprot id: Q811J3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. [4Fe-4S]-binding affects RNA-binding activity, thereby inhibiting activity of the protein.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RBCK1 only in iron-rich conditions. Interacts (when associated with the 4Fe-4S) with FBXL5 (By similarity). Interacts with CIAO1 and CIAO2A (PubMed:23891004).
messages: RNA-binding protein that binds to iron-responsive elements (IRES), which are stem-loop structures found in the 5'-UTR of ferritin, and delta aminolevulinic acid synthase mRNAs, and in the 3'-UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA. Binding to the IRE element in ferritin results in the repression of its mRNA translation. Binding of the protein to the transferrin receptor mRNA inhibits the degradation of this otherwise rapidly degraded mRNA.
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome in presence of high level of iron and oxygen. Ubiquitinated by a SCF complex containing FBXL5. Upon iron and oxygen depletion FBXL5 is degraded, preventing ubiquitination and allowing its RNA-binding activity (By similarity).

10090:Gspt2
gene id: 10090:Gspt2
uniprot id: Q149F3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Barely detectable at 15 dpc, increased after birth to reach a maximum at P15.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. ERF3 subfamily.
messages: Component of the eRF1-eRF3-GTP ternary complex, composed of ETF1/ERF1 and ERF3 (GSPT1/ERF3A or GSPT2/ERF3B) and GTP (PubMed:12354098). Component of the transient SURF (SMG1-UPF1-eRF1-eRF3) complex (By similarity). Interacts with UPF1 and PABPC1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GTPase component of the eRF1-eRF3-GTP ternary complex, a ternary complex that mediates translation termination in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA (PubMed:12354098). GSPT2/ERF3B mediates ETF1/ERF1 delivery to stop codons: The eRF1-eRF3-GTP complex binds to a stop codon in the ribosomal A-site (By similarity). GTP hydrolysis by GSPT2/ERF3B induces a conformational change that leads to its dissociation, permitting ETF1/ERF1 to accommodate fully in the A-site (By similarity). Component of the transient SURF complex which recruits UPF1 to stalled ribosomes in the context of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Moderately expressed in spleen and lung. Weakly expressed in heart, liver and kidney. Expression during the cell-cycle progression is constant.

10090:Dmac2l
gene id: 10090:Dmac2l
uniprot id: Q9CRA7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP synthase subunit s family.
messages: Homotetramer. Associates with ATP synthase.
messages: Involved in regulation of mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase. Necessary for H(+) conduction of ATP synthase. Facilitates energy-driven catalysis of ATP synthesis by blocking a proton leak through an alternative proton exit pathway.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Xpnpep1
gene id: 10090:Xpnpep1
uniprot id: Q3UE92
uniprot id: Q3UKF5
uniprot id: Q6P1B1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M24B family.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Metalloaminopeptidase that catalyzes the removal of a penultimate prolyl residue from the N-termini of peptides, such as Arg-Pro-Pro. Contributes to the degradation of bradykinin.
messages: cytosol

10090:Or5k14
gene id: 10090:Or5k14
uniprot id: E9Q7W1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fbln2
gene id: 10090:Fbln2
uniprot id: P37889
uniprot id: Q3TGL4
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Component of both basement membranes and other connective tissues.
messages: Glucocorticoids suppressed mRNA expression and protein synthesis.
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with LAMA2 (PubMed:10022829). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain). Forms a ternary complex with ELN and FBN1 (By similarity).
messages: Its binding to fibronectin and some other ligands is calcium dependent. May act as an adapter that mediates the interaction between FBN1 and ELN.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: The differential expression of the fibulin family contributes to the formation of molecularly distinct extracellular matrices already during early developmental stages of a large number of tissues.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ube2q1
gene id: 10090:Ube2q1
uniprot id: Q7TSS2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated in vitro in the presence of NEDD4L.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins (By similarity). Involved in female fertility and embryo implantation (PubMed:23108111). May be involved in hormonal homeostasis in females (PubMed:23108111). Involved in regulation of B4GALT1 cell surface expression, B4GALT1-mediated cell adhesion to laminin and embryoid body formation (PubMed:18511602).
messages: Expressed in liver, brain, heart, spleen, lung, kidney, muscle, ovary, epididymis, testis and placenta (PubMed:23108111). Also expressed in thymus and ES cells (PubMed:18511602). Only expressed in the uterus during pregnancy (PubMed:23108111). Expressed in oocytes and during subsequent embryonic development stages (4-cell stage, blastocyst, 8.5 dpc, 13.5 dpc, 16.5 dpc and 18.5 dpc) (PubMed:23108111).
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Only the homodimer is linked to ubiquitin through thiolester activation. Interacts (via N-terminus) with B4GALT1 (via N-terminal cytoplasmic domain); the interaction is direct.
messages: No reproductive defects in males but females have reduced litter size due to embryo implantation failure, normal ovulation but a longer estrus cycle, reduced levels of serum prolactin at the beginning of lactation, abnormal sexual behavior and show reduced offspring care.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol
messages: filopodium

10090:Ciart
gene id: 10090:Ciart
uniprot id: Q3TQ03
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expression in the liver oscillates in a circadian manner with highest levels at Zeitgeber time (ZT) 12 hours (at protein level). Expression in the heart, lung, stomach and kidney oscillate in a circadian manner with highest levels at approximately circadian time (CT) 12 hours. Its expression levels peak at circadian time 12 hours (CT12), 8 hours earlier than the peak of PER1/2 and CRY1/2 transcriptional repressors (peak CT20-CT24). Thus, it can repress the CLOCK-BMAL1 activity in a different time window compared to CRY and PER proteins.
messages: Interacts with BMAL1, PER2, CRY2, BHLHE41, HDAC1 NR3C1.
messages: Mice exhibit a longer circadian period of locomotor activity, alteration in the expression of core clock genes and impairment of the response of the circadian clock to stress. The peaks of DBP, NR1D1 and PER1 gene expression persists longer in the liver between Zeitgeber times (ZT) 12-14 hours.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Transcriptional repressor which forms a negative regulatory component of the circadian clock and acts independently of the circadian transcriptional repressors: CRY1, CRY2 and BHLHE41. In a histone deacetylase-dependent manner represses the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer. Abrogates the interaction of BMAL1 with the transcriptional coactivator CREBBP and can repress the histone acetyl-transferase activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer, reducing histone acetylation of its target genes. Rhythmically binds the E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') on circadian gene promoters and its occupancy shows circadian oscillation antiphasic to BMAL1. Interacts with the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) and contributes to the repressive function in the glucocorticoid response.

10090:C1ql1
gene id: 10090:C1ql1
uniprot id: O88992
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brainstem. More abundant in areas of the nervous system involved in motor function, such as the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, the accessory olivary nucleus, the pons and the red nucleus.
messages: Interacts with ADGRB3 (PubMed:21262840). Forms heterooligomers with C1QL4, when proteins are coexpressed; this interaction does not occur after secretion (PubMed:23449976).
messages: May regulate the number of excitatory synapses that are formed on hippocampus neurons. Has no effect on inhibitory synapses.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gm20927
gene id: 10090:Gm20927
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Slc7a9
gene id: 10090:Slc7a9
uniprot id: Q3UQE3
uniprot id: Q9QXA6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Associates with SLC3A1 to form a functional transporter complex that mediates the electrogenic exchange between cationic amino acids and neutral amino acids, with a stoichiometry of 1:1 (PubMed:10588648) (By similarity). Has system b(0,+)-like activity with high affinity for extracellular cationic amino acids and L-cystine and lower affinity for intracellular neutral amino acids (By similarity). Substrate exchange is driven by high concentration of intracellular neutral amino acids and the intracellular reduction of L-cystine to L-cysteine (By similarity). Required for reabsorption of L-cystine and dibasic amino acids across the brush border membrane in renal proximal tubules (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily.
messages: Disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the catalytic light chain subunit SLC7A9 and the heavy chain subunit SLC3A1. The heterodimer is the minimal functional unit. Assembles in heterotetramers (dimers of heterodimers) and higher order oligomers; the oligomerization is mediated by SLC3A1 likely to prevent degradation and facilitate heteromer trafficking to the plasma membrane (By similarity) (PubMed:10588648). Interacts with CAV1 (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the brush border membrane in the kidney (at protein level).
messages: Membrane

10090:Taf1c
gene id: 10090:Taf1c
uniprot id: Q6PDZ2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, composed of TBP and at least TAF1A, TAF1B, TAF1C and TAF1D. In the complex interacts directly with TBP, TAF1A and TAF1B. Interaction of the SL1/TIF-IB subunits with TBP excludes interaction of TBP with the transcription factor IID (TFIID) subunits. Interacts with MYC and RRN3. Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction prevents the association of SL1/TIF-IB with UBTF and represses RNA polymerase I transcription (By similarity).
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC (preinitiation complex) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1/TIF-IB with the rDNA promoter. SL1/TIF-IB is involved in stabilization of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF on rDNA. Formation of SL1/TIF-IB excludes the association of TBP with TFIID subunits. Recruits RNA polymerase I to the rRNA gene promoter via interaction with RRN3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bpifa2
gene id: 10090:Bpifa2
uniprot id: P07743
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BPI/LBP/Plunc superfamily. Plunc family.
messages: Expressed at low levels at day 3 after birth but increased gradually with age from this time.
messages: Has strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa.
messages: Predominates in the parotid glands, present in smaller amounts (1/10) in the submaxillary glands and in the sublingual glands, and at lower amount in the pancreas but undetectable in the liver. Found also in lacrimal gland.
messages: Secreted

10090:Slc7a7
gene id: 10090:Slc7a7
uniprot id: Q9Z1K8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A mouse model for human lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI), where homozygous knockout mice for Slc7a7 gene are born at a frequency lower than the expected Mendelian ratio (PubMed:17376816). Only two homozygous mice survived, whereas 16 of them died within 24 hours of birth (PubMed:17376816). Growth retardation is an ongoing feature of the two surviving mice kept on a low-protein diet with citrulline supplementation. After a planned withdrawal of the special diet both mice show an acute metabolic derangement, identical to that found in human LPI, leading to death of both animals after severe hyperammonemic neurological symptoms (PubMed:17376816). Tamoxifen-inducible Slc7a7 homozygous knockout mice model resembles the human LPI phenotype, including malabsorption and impaired reabsorption of cationic amino acid (CAA), hypoargininemia and hyperammonemia. Mice also develops pulmonar alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and neurological impairment (PubMed:31653080).
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family.
messages: Disulfide-linked heterodimer with the amino acid transport protein SLC3A2/4F2hc.
messages: Heterodimer with SLC3A2, that functions as an antiporter which operates as an efflux route by exporting cationic amino acids from inside the cells in exchange with neutral amino acids plus sodium ions and may participate in nitric oxide synthesis via the transport of L-arginine (PubMed:9878049). Also mediates L-arginine transport in non-polarized cells, such as monocytes, and is essential for the correct function of these cells (By similarity). The transport mechanism is electroneutral and operates with a stoichiometry of 1:1 (By similarity). In vitro, Na(+) and Li(+), but also H(+), are cotransported with the neutral amino acids (By similarity).
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney and intestine. Weaker expression observed in epididymis, testis, ovary, thyroid pancreas, sub-gland and liver.

10090:Tspan3
gene id: 10090:Tspan3
uniprot id: Q545L1
uniprot id: Q80XR4
uniprot id: Q9QY33
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Interacts with claudin-11/CLDN11 and integrins.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulates the proliferation and migration of oligodendrocytes, a process essential for normal myelination and repair.

10090:Uhrf2
gene id: 10090:Uhrf2
uniprot id: Q7TMI3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autosumoylated.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Deletion mice are viable, fertile, and grossly normal (PubMed:28402695, PubMed:28115522). However, adult mice develop frequent spontaneous seizures and display abnormal electrical activities in brain (PubMed:28402695). In addition, they display reduced 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in genomic DNA in the brain together with impaired spatial memory acquisition and retention (PubMed:28115522).
messages: E3 ligase activity is robustly activated by 5-hydroxy-methylcytosine.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays important roles in DNA methylation, histone modifications, cell cycle and DNA repair. Acts as a specific reader for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and thereby recruits various substrates to these sites to ubiquitinate them (PubMed:23434322, PubMed:28402695). This activity also allows the maintenance of 5mC levels at specific genomic loci and regulates neuron-related gene expression (PubMed:28115522). Participates in cell cycle regulation by ubiquitinating cyclins CCND1 and CCNE1 and thus inducing G1 arrest. Ubiquitinates also PCNP leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Plays an active role in DNA damage repair by ubiquitinating p21/CDKN1A leading to its proteasomal degradation. Promotes also DNA repair by acting as an interstrand cross-links (ICLs) sensor. Mechanistically, cooperates with UHRF1 to ensure recruitment of FANCD2 to ICLs, leading to FANCD2 monoubiquitination and subsequent activation. Contributes to UV-induced DNA damage response by physically interacting with ATR in response to irradiation, thereby promoting ATR activation (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Binds methylated CpG containing oligonucleotides. Interacts with H3; the interaction has a preference for the 'Lys-9' trimethylated form of H3 (H3K9me3) (By similarity). Interacts with PCNP. Interacts with HDAC1. Interacts directly with CCNE1; the interaction ubiquitinates CCNE1 and appears independent of CCNE1 phosphorylation. Interacts with CCND1; the interaction ubiquitinates CCND1 and appears independent of CCND1 phosphorylation. Interacts with p53/TP53 and RB1. Interacts with UBE2I. Interacts with ZNF618. Interacts with UHRF1. Interacts with FANCD2. Interacts with ATR. Interacts with PCNA (By similarity).
messages: May be autoubiquitinated; which may lead to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Mostly detected in several tissues, including the thymus, spleen, lung, adrenal gland, and ovary. In addition, found in several tissues in the brain (cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may be mediated by CDK2 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated during cell differentiation.

10090:Marchf1
gene id: 10090:Marchf1
uniprot id: Q6NZQ8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of TFRC, CD86, FAS and MHC class II proteins, such as HLA-DR alpha and beta, and promotes their subsequent endocytosis and sorting to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies. By constitutively ubiquitinating MHC class II proteins in immature dendritic cells, down-regulates their cell surface localization thus sequestering them in the intracellular endosomal system.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Has a short half-life. Instability/short half-life permits rapid changes that allow efficient induction of antigen presentation once antigen presenting cells, APCs, receive maturation signals. Small changes in protein levels significantly alter the cell surface display of MHC class II proteins.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Shows increase in the cell surface expression or half-life of MHC class II. Null cells have accumulated MHC class II and CD86 at the cell surface and a low antigen-presenting ability for exogenous antigens, in conventional dendritic cells (PubMed:19917682). Null cells have high antigen-presenting ability for exogenous antigens in B-cells (PubMed:17255932).
messages: The RING-CH-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Vkorc1
gene id: 10090:Vkorc1
uniprot id: Q9CRC0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VKOR family.
messages: Detected in liver.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by warfarin (coumadin) (PubMed:15879509). Warfarin locks VKORC1 in both redox states into the closed conformation (By similarity).
messages: Involved in vitamin K metabolism. Catalytic subunit of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) complex which reduces inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K. Vitamin K is required for the gamma-carboxylation of various proteins, including clotting factors, and is required for normal blood coagulation, but also for normal bone development.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and appear normal, but die between one and twenty days after birth, due to severe bleeding. In about 75% of the cases, subdural bleeding is observed, in addition to intracerebral and intramuscular bleeding. Daily oral administration of vitamin K to the mutant mice leads to normal survival, but the mice die within seven days after the cessation of vitamin K administration. Besides, both homozygous and heterozygous mutant mice display defects in bone development with reduced length of the calcified part of the long bones in front and hind limbs.
messages: Partially oxidized VKORC1 forms a cysteine adduct with substrates, vitamin K 2,3-epoxide, inducing a closed conformation, juxtaposing all cysteines (S-S or SH) for unimpeded electron transfer. VKOR becomes fully oxidized with an open conformation that releases reaction products, vitamin K quinone, or hydroquinone. Cys-132 and Cys-135 constitute the catalytic redox-active center. Cys-43 and Cys-51 are the cysteine pair that mediates transfer of reducing equivalents during catalysis.

10090:S100a4
gene id: 10090:S100a4
uniprot id: P07091
uniprot id: Q545V2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Calcium-binding protein that plays a role in various cellular processes including motility, angiogenesis, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and autophagy (PubMed:20519440). Increases cell motility and invasiveness by interacting with non-muscle myosin heavy chain (NMMHC) IIA/MYH9 (PubMed:8051043). Mechanistically, promotes filament depolymerization and increases the amount of soluble myosin-IIA, resulting in the formation of stable protrusions facilitating chemotaxis (PubMed:8051043). Modulates also the pro-apoptotic function of TP53 by binding to its C-terminal transactivation domain within the nucleus and reducing its protein levels (By similarity). Within the extracellular space, stimulates cytokine production including granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and CCL24 from T-lymphocytes (PubMed:20103644). In addition, stimulates T-lymphocyte chemotaxis by acting as a chemoattractant complex with PGLYRP1 that promotes lymphocyte migration via CCR5 and CXCR3 receptors (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletion mice are fertile, grow normally and exhibit no overt abnormalities; however loss of S100A4 results in impaired recruitment of macrophages to sites of inflammation in vivo (PubMed:20519440). Mice also show decreased metastatic burden in lungs of PyMT-induced mammary tumors which is associated with reduced vessel density (PubMed:20103644).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PPFIBP1 in a calcium-dependent mode. Interacts with PGLYRP1; this complex acts as a chemoattractant that promotes lymphocyte movement. Interacts with MYH9; this interaction increases cell motility. Interacts with Annexin 2/ANXA2. Interacts with TP53; this interaction promotes TP53 degradation. Interacts with CCR5 and CXCR3. Interacts with FCGR3A; this interaction inhibits PKC-dependent phosphorylation of FCGR3A.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed in different metastatic cells.
messages: The mRNA coding for this protein increases in abundance after serum stimulation of quiescent mouse fibroblasts.

10090:Scn4b
gene id: 10090:Scn4b
uniprot id: Q7M729
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel auxiliary subunit SCN4B (TC 8.A.17) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains an interchain disulfide bond with SCN2A.
messages: Modulates channel gating kinetics. Causes negative shifts in the voltage dependence of activation of certain alpha sodium channels, but does not affect the voltage dependence of inactivation. Modulates the susceptibility of the sodium channel to inhibition by toxic peptides from spider, scorpion, wasp and sea anemone venom (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The voltage-sensitive sodium channel consists of an ion conducting pore forming alpha-subunit (SCN2A) regulated by one or more beta subunits (SCN1B, SCN2B, SCN3B and SCN4B). SCN1B and SCN3B are non-covalently associated with SCN2A. SCN2B and SCN4B are disulfide-linked to SCN2A (By similarity).

10090:Pde7a
gene id: 10090:Pde7a
uniprot id: P70453
uniprot id: Q3U3Y7
uniprot id: Q6P5G2
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE7 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain containing two putative divalent metal sites and an N-terminal regulatory domain.
messages: Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes (PubMed:11027622). May have a role in muscle signal transduction (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CBFA2T3.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in the skeletal muscle.
messages: cytosol

10090:Aebp1
gene id: 10090:Aebp1
uniprot id: Q640N1
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although related to peptidase M14 family, lacks the active site residues and zinc-binding sites, suggesting that it has no carboxypeptidase activity.
messages: As a positive regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis, it is probably involved in the organization and remodeling of the extracellular matrix.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.
messages: By TGF-beta. Expression is also induced by a high fat diet.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the somites and dorsa from 9.5 dpc and in the yolk sac and embryonic vasculature from 10.5 dpc. Expression within the large and small blood vessels increases at 11.5 dpc and 13.5 dpc, with high expression in the vascular smooth muscle at 16.5 dpc. Also expressed later in development in mesenchymal cells in the dermal layer, the developing skeleton, connective tissue and the umbilical ring and vessels. Up-regulated during vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation and down-regulated during adipocyte differentiation and osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in adipose tissue, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, small intestine, spleen and testis. Isoform 2 is expressed in macrophages. Expressed in aorta, preadipocytes, adipocyte tissue, brain, heart, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, skin and spleen (at protein level).
messages: Isoform 1: Interacts with different types of collagen, including collagens I, III, and V (By similarity). Isoform 2: Interacts with GNG5, NFKBIA, MAPK1, MAPK3 and PTEN. Interaction with MAPK1 may stimulate DNA-binding. May interact with calmodulin. Binds to DNA in vitro.
messages: May positively regulate MAP-kinase activity in adipocytes, leading to enhanced adipocyte proliferation and reduced adipocyte differentiation. May also positively regulate NF-kappa-B activity in macrophages by promoting the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of I-kappa-B-alpha (NFKBIA), leading to enhanced macrophage inflammatory responsiveness. Can act as a transcriptional repressor.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK1 in vitro.
messages: Secreted
messages: The F5/8 type C domain binds to different types of collagen, including collagens I, III, and V.
messages: Two independent knockout mice have been generated for the gene encoding this protein, and these exhibit different phenotypes. Mice lacking exons 7-12 exhibit reduced growth rate and body weight and resistance to dietary-induced obesity. Individual adipocytes from these animals are hypoproliferative while the adipose tissue is prone to apoptosis. Mice lacking exons 7-16 die perinatally from gastroschisis, in which abdominal viscera are extruded through the ventral body wall. Surviving mice exhibit deficient wound healing, having dermal fibroblasts with reduced proliferative capacity. Mice lacking exons 7-16 may exhibit phenotypes arising from effects on the locus encoding Pold2, which lies immediately downstream of this locus.

10090:Eya3
gene id: 10090:Eya3
uniprot id: P97480
uniprot id: Q3TP96
uniprot id: Q6P4T3
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:14628042 also shows serine/threonine protein phosphatase activity.
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in branchial arches, CNS and developing eye.
messages: Interacts with SIX1 and DACH1, and probably SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ser-203 phosphorylation is required for localization at sites of DNA damage and directing interaction with H2AX.
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph). 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Promotes efficient DNA repair by dephosphorylating H2AX, promoting the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1 (By similarity). Its function as histone phosphatase probably explains its role in transcription regulation during organogenesis. The phosphatase activity has been shown in vitro. Coactivates SIX1. Seems to coactivate SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5. The repression of precursor cell proliferation in myoblasts by SIX1 is switched to activation through recruitment of EYA3 to the SIX1-DACH1 complex and seems to be dependent on EYA3 phosphatase activity. May be involved in development of the eye. May play a role in mediating the induction and differentiation of cranial placodes.

10090:Cand1
gene id: 10090:Cand1
uniprot id: Q6ZQ38
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CAND family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TBP (By similarity). Part of a complex that contains CUL1 and RBX1. Interacts with unneddylated cullins: interacts with CUL1, CUL2, CUL3, CUL4A, CUL4B and CUL5. Does not bind neddylated CUL1. Interaction with cullins is abolished in presence of COMMD1, which antagonizes with CAND1 for interacting with cullins. Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity). Interacts with DCUN1D1, DCUN1D2, DCUN1D3, DCUN1D4 and DCUN1D5; these interactions are bridged by cullins and strongly inhibits the neddylation of cullins (By similarity).
messages: Key assembly factor of SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that promotes the exchange of the substrate-recognition F-box subunit in SCF complexes, thereby playing a key role in the cellular repertoire of SCF complexes. Acts as a F-box protein exchange factor. The exchange activity of CAND1 is coupled with cycles of neddylation conjugation: in the deneddylated state, cullin-binding CAND1 binds CUL1-RBX1, increasing dissociation of the SCF complex and promoting exchange of the F-box protein. Probably plays a similar role in other cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or11g2
gene id: 10090:Or11g2
uniprot id: Q7TRM0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gata6
gene id: 10090:Gata6
uniprot id: Q61169
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in myocardium, vascular smooth muscle, gut epithelium, and osteoclasts.
messages: Interacts with LMCD1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-147 of isoform 1.
messages: The GATA-type zinc fingers mediate interaction with LMCD1.
messages: Transcriptional activator that regulates SEMA3C and PLXNA2 (PubMed:19666519). May regulate genes that protect epithelial cells from bacterial infection (By similarity). Involved in gene regulation specifically in the gastric epithelium (By similarity). Involved in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression (PubMed:15329343). Binds to BMP response element (BMPRE) DNA sequences within cardiac activating regions (PubMed:15329343).

10090:Car6
gene id: 10090:Car6
uniprot id: P18761
uniprot id: Q3TTT1
uniprot id: Q3V197
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Major constituent of saliva.
messages: Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Its role in saliva is unknown.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cdk5r1
gene id: 10090:Cdk5r1
uniprot id: P61809
uniprot id: Q542T9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator family.
messages: Brain and neuron specific.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer composed of a catalytic subunit CDK5 and a regulatory subunit CDK5R1 (p25) and macromolecular complex composed of at least CDK5, CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5RAP1 or CDK5RAP2 or CDK5RAP3 (PubMed:11882646). Only the heterodimer shows kinase activity (PubMed:11882646). Interacts with EPHA4 and NGEF; may mediate the activation of NGEF by EPHA4 (PubMed:17143272). Interacts with RASGRF2. The complex p35/CDK5 interacts with CLOCK (PubMed:24235147).
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit.
messages: Membrane
messages: Myristoylated. A proper myristoylation signal is essential for the proper distribution of p35 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-8 and Thr-138 by CDK5 prevents calpain-mediated proteolysis.
messages: The p35 form is proteolytically cleaved by calpain, giving rise to the p25 form. P35 has a 5 to 10 fold shorter half-life compared to p25. The conversion results in deregulation of the CDK5 kinase: p25/CDK5 kinase displays an increased and altered tau phosphorylation in comparison to the p35/CDK5 kinase in vivo.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation: degradation of p35 by proteasome results in down-regulation of CDK5 activity. During this process, CDK5 phosphorylates p35 and induces its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Ubiquitinated by the CRL2(FEM1B) complex, which recognizes the -Gly-Leu-Asp-Arg C-degron at the C-terminus, leading to its degradation.
messages: neuron projection
messages: p35 is a neuron specific activator of CDK5. The complex p35/CDK5 is required for neurite outgrowth and cortical lamination. Involved in dendritic spine morphogenesis by mediating the EFNA1-EPHA4 signaling. Activator of TPKII. The complex p35/CDK5 participates in the regulation of the circadian clock by modulating the function of CLOCK protein: phosphorylates CLOCK at 'Thr-451' and 'Thr-461' and regulates the transcriptional activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer in association with altered stability and subcellular distribution.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Krt31
gene id: 10090:Krt31
uniprot id: Q61765
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: There are two types of hair/microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic).

10090:Chrdl2
gene id: 10090:Chrdl2
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1E8
uniprot id: D3YV59
uniprot id: Q8VEA6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:14660436 interacts with human BMP2, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, BMP7 but not human INHBA. According to PubMed:15094188 interacts with human INHBA but not human BMP2, BMP4 and BMP6.
messages: Implicated in tumor angiogenesis (By similarity). May inhibits BMPs activity by blocking their interaction with their receptors. Has a negative regulator effect on the cartilage formation/regeneration from immature mesenchymal cells, by preventing or reducing the rate of matrix accumulation. May play a role during myoblast and osteoblast differentiation, and maturation.
messages: In embryo expressed to the surface chondrocytes of developing joint cartilage and to the connective tissue of reproductive organs.
messages: Interacts with GDF5. May interact with INHBA, BMP2, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, and BMP7.
messages: Secreted
messages: Weakly expressed in the liver and kidney. In reproductive organs expressed in connective tissues such as ligaments of the ovary and oviduct in females, and of testis, epididymis and certain male accessory sex glands in males. Expression was high in uterine myometrium. Weakly expressed in cartilage of the femoral head, patella, articular facets of vertebrae, in the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disks. In normal cartilage, expression was confined to articular chondrocytes especially in the superficial zone.

10090:Csgalnact2
gene id: 10090:Csgalnact2
uniprot id: Q8C1F4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Transfers 1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of glucuronic acid (GlcUA). Required for addition of the first GalNAc to the core tetrasaccharide linker and for elongation of chondroitin chains (By similarity).

10090:Or10al7
gene id: 10090:Or10al7
uniprot id: Q7TRI9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:B3gntl1
gene id: 10090:B3gntl1
uniprot id: Q3U129
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
messages: Putative glycosyltransferase.

10090:Or6z3
gene id: 10090:Or6z3
uniprot id: Q8VGH5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm20852
gene id: 10090:Gm20852
uniprot id: Q5M8R5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Gm13272
gene id: 10090:Gm13272
uniprot id: B1AYI3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mslnl
gene id: 10090:Mslnl
uniprot id: Q8C160
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mesothelin family.
messages: May play a role in cellular adhesion.
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc25a23
gene id: 10090:Slc25a23
uniprot id: Q6GQS1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by an increase in cytosolic calcium levels that induce a conformational change of the N-terminal regulatory domain, uncapping the channel and allowing transport.
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Electroneutral antiporter that mediates the transport of adenine nucleotides through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Originally identified as an ATP-magnesium/inorganic phosphate antiporter, it also acts as a broad specificity adenyl nucleotide antiporter. By regulating the mitochondrial matrix adenine nucleotide pool could adapt to changing cellular energetic demands and indirectly regulate adenine nucleotide-dependent metabolic pathways. Also acts as a regulator of mitochondrial calcium uptake and can probably transport trace amounts of other divalent metal cations in complex with ATP. In vitro, a low activity is also observed with guanyl and pyrimidine nucleotides.
messages: Interacts with MCU. Interacts with MICU1.
messages: Linker region/H9 could directly block the transport of substrates across the transporter.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The C-terminal mitochondrial carrier domain/transmembrane domain/TMD bears the transmembrane transporter activity.
messages: The regulatory N-terminal domain/NTD, binds calcium in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and regulates the antiporter activity of the transmembrane domain/TMD. In absence of calcium, the apo form of the N-terminal domain is intrinsically disordered and binds to the transmembrane domain, inhibiting the transporter activity. Binding of calcium leads to a major conformational change and abolishes the interaction with the transmembrane domain and the inhibition of the transporter activity.

10090:Ctso
gene id: 10090:Ctso
uniprot id: Q4QQL3
uniprot id: Q8BM88
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Proteolytic enzyme possibly involved in normal cellular protein degradation and turnover.

10090:Fbxo45
gene id: 10090:Fbxo45
uniprot id: Q8K3B1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FBXO45/Fsn family.
messages: Component of E3 ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of FBXO45, MYCBP2 and SKP1. Functions in substrate recognition but plays also an important role in assembly of the complex (By similarity). Required for normal neuromuscular synaptogenesis, axon pathfinding and neuronal migration (PubMed:32341084). Regulates neuron migration during brain development through interaction with N-cadherin/CDH2 after secretion via a non-classical mechanism (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of neurotransmission at mature neurons (By similarity). May control synaptic activity by controlling UNC13A via ubiquitin dependent pathway (By similarity). Specifically recognizes TP73, promoting its ubiquitination and degradation. Polyubiquitinates NMNAT2, an adenylyltransferase that acts as an axon maintenance factor, and regulates its stability and degradation by the proteasome. Acts also by ubiquitinating FBXW7 during prolonged mitotic arrest and promotes FBXW7 proteasomal degradation. Induces subsequently an increase in mitotic slippage and prevents mitotic cell death. In response to influenza infection, mediates interferon-lambda receptor IFNLR1 polyubiquitination and degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system by docking with its intracellular receptor domain (By similarity).
messages: Expressed speciffically in the central nervous system, including cerebellum, medulla oblongata, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cortex and brain stem.
messages: Forms a complex with MYCBP2 and SKP1 (PubMed:19398581). Interacts with HEY1; leading to FBXO45 nuclear translocation. Interacts (via SPRY domain) with CDH2.
messages: Homozygous animals die soon after birth due to respiratory distress. Embryos show abnormal innervation of the diaphragm, impaired synapse formation at neuromuscular junctions, and aberrant development of axon fiber tracts in the brain.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Secreted

10090:Decr1
gene id: 10090:Decr1
uniprot id: Q9CQ62
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auxiliary enzyme of beta-oxidation. It participates in the metabolism of unsaturated fatty enoyl-CoA esters having double bonds in both even- and odd-numbered positions in mitochondria. Catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to yield trans-3-enoyl-CoA.
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase subfamily.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Cbr2
gene id: 10090:Cbr2
uniprot id: P08074
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: By glucocorticoids. Activated by fatty acids.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: May function in the pulmonary metabolism of endogenous carbonyl compounds, such as aliphatic aldehydes and ketones derived from lipid peroxidation, 3-ketosteroids and fatty aldehydes, as well as in xenobiotic metabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Predominantly expressed in lung, in ciliated cells, non-ciliated bronchiolar cells and type-II alveolar pneumocytes (PubMed:7705352, PubMed:8040004). Also detected in adipose tissue (at protein level) (PubMed:7705352). Low expression in testis, heart, kidney, spleen, brain and liver (PubMed:7705352).
messages: Uses both NADP and NAD as substrates. Has a strong preference for NADP.

10090:Tbc1d14
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d14
uniprot id: Q8CGA2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with ULK1. May interact with RAB11A and RAB11B, but does not exhibit any GTPase-activating activity toward these proteins. Interacts with TRAPPC8.
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of starvation-induced autophagosome formation. Together with the TRAPPIII complex, regulates a constitutive trafficking step from peripheral recycling endosomes to the early Golgi, maintaining the cycling pool of ATG9 required for initiation of autophagy.
messages: cis-Golgi network
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Ttc41
gene id: 10090:Ttc41
uniprot id: Q692V3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in lung and myeloid leukemia cell line (at protein level). Isoform 4: expressed in heart (at protein level).

10090:Cep19
gene id: 10090:Cep19
uniprot id: Q9CQA8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CEP19 family.
messages: Interacts with CEP43; this interaction is required for its localization to the mother centriole. Interacts (via residues 121-150) with RABL2B. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CEP350; this interaction is required for its localization to the mother centriole.
messages: Required for ciliation. Recruits the RABL2B GTPase to the ciliary base to initiate ciliation. After specifically capturing the activated GTP-bound RABL2B, the CEP19-RABL2B complex binds intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B from the large pool pre-docked at the base of the cilium and thus triggers its entry into the cilia. Involved in the early steps in cilia formation by recruiting the ciliary vesicles (CVs) to the distal end of the mother centriole where they fuse to initiate cilium assembly. Involved in microtubule (MT) anchoring at centrosomes.
messages: Severe obesity, hyperphagia, decreased energy expenditure, impaired whole-body fat oxidation, altered hepatic insulin signaling, and impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubules show marked degeneration.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: spindle pole

10090:Mgat5
gene id: 10090:Mgat5
uniprot id: Q059T5
uniprot id: Q8R4G6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A secreted form is released from the membrane after cleavage by gamma-secretase.
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 18 family.
messages: Catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in beta 1-6 linkage to the alpha-linked mannose of biantennary N-linked oligosaccharides (PubMed:10700233, PubMed:14561752, PubMed:22715095). Catalyzes an important step in the biosynthesis of branched, complex-type N-glycans, such as those found on EGFR, TGFR (TGF-beta receptor) and CDH2 (PubMed:12122020, PubMed:10700233, PubMed:14561752, PubMed:15459394, PubMed:22715095). Via its role in the biosynthesis of complex N-glycans, plays an important role in the activation of cellular signaling pathways, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell-cell adhesion and cell migration (PubMed:10700233, PubMed:14561752, PubMed:15459394). MGAT5-dependent EGFR N-glycosylation enhances the interaction between EGFR and LGALS3 and thereby prevents rapid EGFR endocytosis and prolongs EGFR signaling (PubMed:15459394). Required for efficient interaction between TGFB1 and its receptor (PubMed:15459394). Enhances activation of intracellular signaling pathways by several types of growth factors, including FGF2, PDGF, IGF, TGFB1 and EGF (PubMed:15459394). MGAT5-dependent CDH2 N-glycosylation inhibits CDH2-mediated homotypic cell-cell adhesion and contributes to the regulation of downstream signaling pathways (PubMed:14561752). Promotes cell migration (PubMed:14561752, PubMed:15459394). Contributes to the regulation of the inflammatory response (PubMed:11217864, PubMed:15459394). MGAT5-dependent TCR N-glycosylation enhances the interaction between TCR and LGALS3, limits agonist-induced TCR clustering, and thereby dampens TCR-mediated responses to antigens (PubMed:11217864). Required for normal leukocyte evasation and accumulation at sites of inflammation (PubMed:15459394). Inhibits attachment of monocytes to the vascular endothelium and subsequent monocyte diapedesis (By similarity).
messages: Detected in cerebellum.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and have no visible phenotype at birth. Adult mice display abnormal leukocyte recruitment to inflamed tissues, hypersensitivity of T cells to agonists that activate T cell receptors, an age-related decrease in the cellularity of kidney glomeruli and a tendency to develop proliferative glomerulonephritis, plus defective nurturing behavior (PubMed:10700233, PubMed:11217864). Mutant mice show increased responsiveness to treatments that cause delayed-type hypersensitivity (PubMed:11217864). Mice show increased incidence of autoimmune encephalomyelitis in response to injections with MBP (PubMed:11217864). Transgenic mice that express polyomavirus middle T antigen develop mammary tumors; 50% of female wild-type mice have detectable tumors after 16 weeks, but it takes 24 weeks until 50% of the female mice that lack Mgat5 develop mammary tumors. Male mice that express polyomavirus middle T antigen develop mammary tumors after 6 to 9 months; males that lack Mgat5 develop tumors after 10 to 13 months. Formation of lung metastases is about 5% of wild-type (PubMed:10700233). Tumor initiation is not decreased in mice that lack Mgat5, but tumor growth is strongly decreased (PubMed:10700233). Tumor cells from mutant mice show impaired membrane ruffling, probably due to decreased activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) (PubMed:10700233). Embryonic fibroblasts from Mgat5-deficient mice display increased Cdh2-mediated cell-cell adhesion (PubMed:14561752). Mutant mice that lack both Mgat5 and Mgat5b display no visible changes in brain anatomy, but their brains display defective biosynthesis of both O-mannosyl glycans and N-linked glycans (PubMed:22715095).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Promotes proliferation of umbilical vein endothelial cells and angiogenesis, at least in part by promoting the release of the growth factor FGF2 from the extracellular matrix.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mbd1
gene id: 10090:Mbd1
uniprot id: Q9Z2E2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, liver and brain. Detected at lower levels in heart, lung, skeletal muscle, spleen and testis.
messages: Interacts with OASL, ATF7IP, ATF7IP2 and BAHD1. Binds CHAF1A and the SUV39H1-CBX5 complex via the MBD domain. Binds MGP via the TRD domain. May be part of the MeCP1 complex. During DNA replication, it recruits SETDB1 to form a S phase-specific complex that facilitates methylation of H3 'Lys-9' during replication-coupled chromatin assembly and is at least composed of the CAF-1 subunit CHAF1A, MBD1 and SETDB1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the Ten-1 ICD form of TENM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Sumoylated, sumoylation may increase interaction with ATF7IP.
messages: The methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD) functions both in binding to methylated DNA and in protein interactions.
messages: The third CXXC-type zinc finger mediates binding to DNA containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides.
messages: The transcriptional repression domain (TRD) is involved in transcription repression and in protein interactions.
messages: Transcriptional repressor that binds CpG islands in promoters where the DNA is methylated at position 5 of cytosine within CpG dinucleotides. Binding is abolished by the presence of 7-mG that is produced by DNA damage by methylmethanesulfonate (MMS). Acts as transcriptional repressor and plays a role in gene silencing by recruiting ATF7IP, which in turn recruits factors such as the histone methyltransferase SETDB1. Probably forms a complex with SETDB1 and ATF7IP that represses transcription and couples DNA methylation and histone 'Lys-9' trimethylation. Isoform 1 can also repress transcription from unmethylated promoters.

10090:Itch
gene id: 10090:Itch
uniprot id: Q8C863
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with Epstein-Barr virus LMP2A.
messages: Activated by NDFIP1- and NDFIP2-binding (PubMed:25632008). Activated by PI4K2A-binding (By similarity). Inhibited by DTX3L-binding (By similarity). Inhibited by N4BP1 binding (PubMed:17592138).
messages: Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (PubMed:15358865, PubMed:16446428, PubMed:17592138, PubMed:18628966, PubMed:20392206, PubMed:25632008). It catalyzes 'Lys-29'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin conjugation (By similarity). Involved in the control of inflammatory signaling pathways (By similarity). Is an essential component of a ubiquitin-editing protein complex, comprising also TNFAIP3, TAX1BP1 and RNF11, that ensures the transient nature of inflammatory signaling pathways (By similarity). Promotes the association of the complex after TNF stimulation (By similarity). Once the complex is formed, TNFAIP3 deubiquitinates 'Lys-63' polyubiquitin chains on RIPK1 and catalyzes the formation of 'Lys-48'-polyubiquitin chains (By similarity). This leads to RIPK1 proteasomal degradation and consequently termination of the TNF- or LPS-mediated activation of NFKB1 (By similarity). Ubiquitinates RIPK2 by 'Lys-63'-linked conjugation and influences NOD2-dependent signal transduction pathways (By similarity). Regulates the transcriptional activity of several transcription factors involved in immune response (PubMed:15358865, PubMed:11828324). Ubiquitinates NFE2 by 'Lys-63' linkages and is implicated in the control of the development of hematopoietic lineages (By similarity). Mediates JUN ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:15358865). Mediates JUNB ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:11828324, PubMed:15358865). Critical regulator of type 2 helper T (Th2) cell cytokine production by inducing JUNB ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:11828324). Involved in the negative regulation of MAVS-dependent cellular antiviral responses (By similarity). Ubiquitinates MAVS through 'Lys-48'-linked conjugation resulting in MAVS proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Following ligand stimulation, regulates sorting of Wnt rec…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Itch are the cause of the itchy phenotype which is an inflammatory and immunological condition characterized by inflammation in the lung and stomach, hyperplasia in lymphoid and hematopoietic cells and constant itching in the skin.
messages: Detected in uterus (at protein level) (PubMed:23146885). Widely expressed (PubMed:9462742).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-11 is the initiator.
messages: Major form.
messages: Monomer. Part of a ternary complex composed of SMAD3, ITCH/AIP4 and NEDD9/HEF1; within the complex NEDD9/HEF1 interacts (via N-terminus) with ITCH/AIP4 (via WW domains); the complex mediates ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of NEDD9/HEF1 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with OCNL (PubMed:11782481). Interacts (via WW domains) with NOTCH1 (PubMed:10940313, PubMed:18628966). Interacts (via WW domains) JUN (PubMed:11828324). Interacts with JUNB; the interaction promotes ITCH-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of JUNB (PubMed:11828324). Interacts with FYN; the interaction phosphorylates ITCH on Tyr-381 decreasing binding of JUNB (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domain 2) with N4BP1; the interaction inhibits the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (PubMed:17592138). Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; the interaction with NDFIP proteins activates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and may induce its recruitment to exosomes (PubMed:11748237, PubMed:17137798, PubMed:25632008). Interacts with ARHGEF7 (By similarity). Interacts with RNF11 (By similarity). Interacts (via the WW 1 domain) with NFE2 (via the PXY motif 1); the interaction promotes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of NFE2, retains it in the cytoplasm and prevents its transactivation activity (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with CXCR4 (via C-terminus); the interaction depends on CXCR4 phosphorylation (By similarity). Found in a complex with E3 ligase DTX3L and ESCRT-0 components HGS and STAM (By similarity). Interacts with DTX3L (via C-terminus); the interaction is increased upon CXCL12 stimulation and inhibits ITCH catalytic activity (the interaction is direct) (By similarity). Interacts with HGS (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with PCBP2 within a complex containing ITCH, MAVS and PCBP2 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with TXNIP (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with p15 BID (PubMed:20392206). Interacts with ERBB4 (By similarity).Interacts with DT…
messages: Monoubiquitinated. Autopolyubiquitinated with 'Lys-63' linkages which does not lead to protein degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: On T-cell activation, phosphorylation by the JNK cascade on serine and threonine residues surrounding the PRR domain accelerates the ubiquitination and degradation of JUN and JUNB. The increased ITCH catalytic activity due to phosphorylation by JNK1 may occur due to a conformational change disrupting the interaction between the PRR/WW motifs domain and the HECT domain and, thus exposing the HECT domain. Phosphorylation by FYN reduces interaction with JUNB and negatively controls JUN ubiquitination and degradation. Interacts directly with LDLRAD3; this interaction promotes ITCH auto-ubiquitination leading to its degradation (PubMed:26854353).
messages: The WW domain 4 mediates interaction with ENTREP1.
messages: The WW domains mediate interaction with PPxY motif-containing proteins.

10090:Vmn2r85
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r85
uniprot id: G3UW56
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Epb41l1
gene id: 10090:Epb41l1
uniprot id: Q9Z2H5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highest expression in brain, also present in kidney, olfactory epithelium, retina, sensory ganglia, gastrointestinal tract (only enteric neurons) and lung.
messages: Interacts with AGAP2.
messages: May function to confer stability and plasticity to neuronal membrane via multiple interactions, including the spectrin-actin-based cytoskeleton, integral membrane channels and membrane-associated guanylate kinases.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tet1
gene id: 10090:Tet1
uniprot id: Q3URK3
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TET family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 3 zinc ions per subunit. The zinc ions have a structural role.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation (PubMed:27916660, PubMed:36056023). As isoform 1, binds to promoters, particularly to those with high CG content, however displays reduced global chromatin affinity compared with isoform 1, leading to decreased global DNA demethylation compared with isoform 1 (PubMed:27916660). Contrary to isoform 1, isoform 2 localizes during S phase to sites of ongoing DNA replication in heterochromatin, causing a significant de novo 5hmC formation, globally, and more so in heterochromatin, including LINE 1 interspersed DNA repeats leading to their activation (PubMed:36056023). In hippocampal neurons, isoform 2 regulates the expression of a unique subset of genes compared with isoform 1, although some overlap between both isoforms, hence differentially regulating excitatory synaptic transmission (PubMed:33262245). In hippocampal neuron cell cultures, isoform 2 controls miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency, but not amplitude (PubMed:33262245). Isoform 2 may regulate genes involved in hippocampal-dependent memory, leading to negative regulation of memory, contrary to isoform 1 that may improve memory (PubMed:33262245). In immature and partially differentiated gonadotrope cells, represses luteinizing hormone gene LHB expression directly and does not catalyze 5hmC at the gene promoter (PubMed:28855337).
messages: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation (PubMed:27916660, PubMed:36056023). Binds to promoters, particularly to those with high CG content (PubMed:27916660). In hippocampal neurons, isoform 1 regulates the expression of a unique subset of genes compared to isoform 2, although some overlap between both isoforms, hence differentially regulates excitatory synaptic transmission (PubMed:33262245). In hippocampal neuron cell cultures, isoform 1 controls both miniature excitatory postsynaptic current amplitude and frequency (PubMed:33262245). Isoform 1 may regulate genes involved in hippocampal-dependent memory, leading to positive regulation of memory, contrary to isoform 2 that may decrease memory (PubMed:33262245).
messages: Dioxygenase that plays a key role in active DNA demethylation, by catalyzing the sequential oxidation of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) (PubMed:20639862, PubMed:21496894, PubMed:21778364). In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, plays a more general role in chromatin regulation by recruiting histone modifying protein complexes to alter histone marks and chromatin accessibility, leading to both activation and repression of gene expression (PubMed:28504700, PubMed:32286661). Plays therefore a role in many biological processes, including stem cell maintenance, T- and B-cell development, inflammation regulation, iron homeostasis, neural activity or DNA repair (PubMed:31089182, PubMed:32855402, PubMed:33895792, PubMed:20639862). Involved in the balance between pluripotency and lineage commitment of cells it plays a role in embryonic stem cells maintenance and inner cell mass cell specification (PubMed:28504700, PubMed:20639862). Together with QSER1, plays an essential role in the protection and maintenance of transcriptional and developmental programs to inhibit the binding of DNMT3A/3B and therefore de novo methylation (By similarity). May play a role in the pancreatic beta-cell specification during development. In this context, may function as an upstream epigenetic regulator of PAX4 presumably through direct recruitment by FOXA2 to a PAX4 enhancer to preserve its unmethylated status, thereby potentiating PAX4 expression to adopt beta-cell fate during endocrine lineage commitment (By similarity). Under DNA hypomethylation conditions, such as in female meiotic germ cells, may induce epigenetic reprogramming of pericentromeric heterochromatin (PCH), the constitutive heterochromatin of pericentromeric regions. PCH forms chromocenters in the interphase nucleus and chromocenters cluster at the prophase of meiosis. In this context, may also be essential for chro…
messages: Down-regulated in response to hippocampal neuron stimulation, whereas isoform 1 transcript levels are unaffected (PubMed:33262245). Down-regulated by GNRH1 in pituitary cells from immature animals (PubMed:28855337). Down-regulated by gonadal steroids, including estradiol E2 and dihydrotestosterone DHT, in gonadotrope cells from immature animals (PubMed:28855337).
messages: During development, a switch between isoforms 1 and 2 regulates DNA demethylation, imprint erasure and gene regulation. The switch may be controlled by alternative promoters. Isoform 2 is hardly detectable in early embryos until 14.5 dpc, although some expression is seen in the brain already at 10.5 dpc, and is predominantly expressed in most adult tissues (PubMed:27916660, PubMed:28531272). In cultured embryonic stem cells, during differentiation into neurons, isoform 2 is undetectable during the first 7 days and then progressively increases (PubMed:27916660). Expressed in gonadotropic cells, with considerably higher levels in immature cells from 6 day old mice in which the gonadotrope population is expanding, than in the gonadotropic cells of adult, sexually mature animals (PubMed:28855337).
messages: During development, a switch between isoforms 1 and 2 regulates epigenetic memory erasure. The switch is controlled by alternative promoters (PubMed:27916660, PubMed:28531272). Isoform 1 is expressed from the one-cell stage embryos until 14.5 dpc and is hardly detectable in most adult tissues (PubMed:20639862, PubMed:27916660, PubMed:28531272). At the blastocyst stage, enriched in the inner cell mass (at protein level) (PubMed:20639862). In cultured embryonic stem cells, during differentiation into neurons, highly expressed during the first 2 days. Expression then decreases until day 9 when the levels become hardly detectable and at which point expression of isoform 2 progressively increases (PubMed:27916660).
messages: Expressed at high levels in germinal vesicle (GV) stage and MII-stage oocytes. Expression levels increase following fertilization and reach a peak at the 4-cell stage and decrease in morula and blastula (PubMed:24357321). During embryonic development, preferentially expressed in primordial germ cells, where strong expression is already detected at 10.5 dpc, a peak of expression is reached at 12.5 dpc, followed by a decrease, until 16.5 dpc. Compared to primordial germ cells, low expression levels are observed in somatic cells starting from 9.5 dpc with a slow increase until 16.5 dpc (PubMed:23151479).
messages: Expressed in germinal vesicle (GV) stage and MII-stage oocytes and in early embryos (PubMed:24357321). Also detected somatic tissues, including brain, liver and kidney, but at very low levels (PubMed:24357321).
messages: Glycosylated. Interaction with OGT leads to GlcNAcylation.
messages: Interacts with SIN3A; recruits the transcriptional co-repressor SIN3A to gene promoters (PubMed:21490601). Interacts with HCFC1 (PubMed:23352454). Interacts (via C-terminus) with OGT (PubMed:23352454, PubMed:27916660). Found in a complex composed of at least SINHCAF, SIN3A, HDAC1, SAP30, RBBP4, OGT and TET1 (PubMed:28554894). Interacts with QSER1 (By similarity). Interacts with NONO (via DNA-binding domain); this interaction recruits TET1 to genomic loci (PubMed:32286661). Interacts with FOXA2; this interaction may recruit TET1 to specific enhancers to preserve their unmethylated status and hence allowing gene expression (By similarity). Interacts with RNF2 (PubMed:34166371). Directly interacts (via C-terminus) with the DCAF1 component of the CRL4(VprBP) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with UHRF1; this interaction induces the recruitment of TET1 to replicating heterochromatin (PubMed:36056023). Interacts with DCAF1 (PubMed:36056023).
messages: Monoubiquitinated by the DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex called CRL4(VprBP) or CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex.
messages: Monoubiquitinated by the DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex called CRL4(VprBP) or CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex; this modification promotes binding to DNA.
messages: No visible phenotype; mice are viable, fertile and grossly normal, although some mice have a slightly smaller body size at birth. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have reduced levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and slight changes in global gene expression, but are pluripotent and support development. However, knockout mice have an altered response to iron overload (PubMed:33895792). In a different experimental setting, the number of viable knockout homozygous animals was shown to be only approximately one-third of the amount expected due to embryonic lethality (PubMed:23151479). In this setting, in female embryos, the size of the ovaries is smaller, with a reduced number of oocytes from 16.5 to 18.5 dpc, probably due to severely impaired meiotic progression and increased apoptosis (PubMed:23151479). Mice lacking both Tet1 and Tet2 are fertile, with females having smaller ovaries and reduced fertility. They display decreased 5hmC and abnormal methylation at various imprinted loci. ESCs lacking both Tet1 and Tet2 remain pluripotent but lack 5hmC, leading to developmental defects in chimeric embryos (PubMed:23352810).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays an important role in the tumorigenicity of glioblastoma cells. TET1-mediated production of 5hmC acts as a recruitment signal for the CHTOP-methylosome complex to selective sites on the chromosome, where it methylates H4R3 and activates the transcription of genes involved in glioblastoma genesis.
messages: Predominantly expressed in early embryos. Also expressed in embryonic stem cells and in primordial germ cells (PubMed:20639862, PubMed:27916660, PubMed:28504700, PubMed:28531272, PubMed:28855337). Expressed in adult tissues, including brain cortex, cerebellum, heart, kidney, liver, muscle and spleen, although at much lower levels than isoform 2 (PubMed:28531272, PubMed:28855337, PubMed:33262245). In the brain, expressed at higher levels in glial cells than in neurons (PubMed:33262245). Expressed in placenta (PubMed:28855337). Expressed in the pituitary, most probably in thyrotropes (PubMed:28855337).
messages: Preferentially expressed in differentiated cells, including in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and thymus (PubMed:27916660). Also expressed in heart, kidney, liver, muscle and spleen at much higher levels than isoform 1 (PubMed:28531272, PubMed:28855337, PubMed:33262245). In the brain, expressed at higher levels in neurons than in glial cells (PubMed:33262245). Expressed in the olfactory bulb and in the mammary gland (PubMed:28531272, PubMed:28855337).
messages: Subsequent steps in cytosine demethylation are subject to discussion. According to a first model cytosine demethylation occurs through deamination of 5hmC into 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) and subsequent replacement by unmethylated cytosine by the base excision repair system (PubMed:21496894). According to another model, cytosine demethylation is rather mediated via conversion of 5hmC into 5fC and 5caC, followed by excision by TDG.
messages: The CXXC zinc finger plays a role in TET1 chromatin loading and participates in binding to CpG-DNA. However, the global chromatin binding can be mediated by the entire N-terminus and occurs even in the absence of the CXXC domain (PubMed:27916660). The zinc finger domain impedes association DNA replication sites and prevents aberrant 5mC oxidation (PubMed:36056023).

10090:Bad
gene id: 10090:Bad
uniprot id: Q61337
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms heterodimers with the anti-apoptotic proteins, Bcl-X(L), Bcl-2 and Bcl-W. Also binds protein S100A10 (By similarity). The Ser-112/Ser-136 phosphorylated form binds 14-3-3 proteins. Interacts with AKT1 and PIM3 (By similarity). Interacts (via BH3 domain) with NOL3 (via CARD domain); preventing the association of BAD with BCL2 (By similarity). Interacts with HIF3A isoform 2 (via C-terminus domain); the interaction reduces the binding between BAD and BAX (PubMed:21546903). Interacts with GIMAP3/IAN4 and GIMAP5/IAN5 (PubMed:16509771).
messages: Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Methylation at Arg-131 and Arg-133 by PRMT1 inhibits Akt-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-136.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on one or more of Ser-112, Ser-136, Ser-155 and Ser-170 in response to survival stimuli, which blocks its pro-apoptotic activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-136 or Ser-112 promotes heterodimerization with 14-3-3 proteins. This interaction then facilitates the phosphorylation at Ser-155, a site within the BH3 motif, leading to the release of Bcl-X(L) and the promotion of cell survival. Ser-136 is the major site of AKT/PKB phosphorylation, Ser-155 the major site of protein kinase A (CAPK) phosphorylation.
messages: Promotes cell death. Successfully competes for the binding to Bcl-X(L), Bcl-2 and Bcl-W, thereby affecting the level of heterodimerization of these proteins with BAX. Can reverse the death repressor activity of Bcl-X(L), but not that of Bcl-2. Appears to act as a link between growth factor receptor signaling and the apoptotic pathways.
messages: The protein name 'Bcl2 antagonist of cell death' may be misleading. The protein antagonises Bcl2-mediated repression of cell death, hence it promotes apoptosis.

10090:Irs1
gene id: 10090:Irs1
uniprot id: P35569
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in osteoblasts, but not in osteoclasts.
messages: Interacts (via phosphorylated YXXM motifs) with PIK3R1 (By similarity). Interacts with ROCK1 (By similarity). Interacts with GRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS7 (By similarity). Interacts (via IRS-type PTB domain) with IGF1R and INSR (via the tyrosine-phosphorylated NPXY motif) (By similarity). Interacts with UBTF and PIK3CA (PubMed:15197263). Interacts (via PH domain) with PHIP (PubMed:11018022). Interacts with FER (PubMed:11006284). Interacts with ALK (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR (PubMed:22948222). Interacts with GKAP1 (PubMed:25586176). Interacts with DGKZ in the absence of insulin; insulin stimulation decreases this interaction (PubMed:27739494). Found in a ternary complex with DGKZ and PIP5K1A in the absence of insulin stimulation (PubMed:27739494). Interacts with SQSTM1; the interaction is disrupted by the presence of tensin TNS2 (By similarity).
messages: May mediate the control of various cellular processes by insulin. When phosphorylated by the insulin receptor binds specifically to various cellular proteins containing SH2 domains such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p85 subunit or GRB2. Activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase when bound to the regulatory p85 subunit (By similarity).
messages: Serine phosphorylation of IRS1 is a mechanism for insulin resistance. Ser-307 phosphorylation inhibits insulin action through disruption of IRS1 interaction with the insulin receptor (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Tyr-891 is required for GRB2-binding (By similarity). Phosphorylated by ALK. Phosphorylated at Ser-265, Ser-302, Ser-632 and Ser-1097 by RPS6KB1; phosphorylation induces accelerated degradation of IRS1 (By similarity). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to insulin (PubMed:25586176). In skeletal muscles, dephosphorylated on Tyr-608 by TNS2 under anabolic conditions; dephosphorylation results in the proteasomal degradation of IRS1 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the Cul7-RING(FBXW8) complex in a mTOR-dependent manner, leading to its degradation: the Cul7-RING(FBXW8) complex recognizes and binds IRS1 previously phosphorylated by S6 kinase (RPS6KB1 or RPS6KB2).

10090:Ppp2r2d
gene id: 10090:Ppp2r2d
uniprot id: F6RV17
uniprot id: Q925E7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: B regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) that plays a key role in cell cycle by controlling mitosis entry and exit. The activity of PP2A complexes containing PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) fluctuate during the cell cycle: the activity is high in interphase and low in mitosis. During mitosis, activity of PP2A is inhibited via interaction with phosphorylated ENSA and ARPP19 inhibitors. Within the PP2A complexes, the B regulatory subunits modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and may also direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: PP2A consists of a common heterodimeric core enzyme, composed of a 36 kDa catalytic subunit (subunit C) and a 65 kDa constant regulatory subunit (PR65 or subunit A), that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. Proteins that associate with the core dimer include three families of regulatory subunits B (the R2/B/PR55/B55, R3/B''/PR72/PR130/PR59 and R5/B'/B56 families), the 48 kDa variable regulatory subunit, viral proteins, and cell signaling molecules. Interacts with ENSA (when phosphorylated at 'Ser-67') and ARPP19 (when phosphorylated at 'Ser-62'), leading to inhibit PP2A activity (By similarity). Interacts with IER5 (By similarity).

10090:Tas2r117
gene id: 10090:Tas2r117
uniprot id: Q7M715
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Cysltr1
gene id: 10090:Cysltr1
uniprot id: Q99JA4
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: MK-571, a selective antagonist, was shown to inhibit eosinophilia, bronchial hyperreactivity and microvascular leakage. Zafirlukast (Accolate) and pranlukast (Onon) were also shown to be selective antagonists.
messages: Receptor for cysteinyl leukotrienes mediating constriction of the microvascular smooth muscle during an inflammatory response. This response is mediated via a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinities for the leukotrienes is LTD4 >> LTE4 = LTC4 >> LTB4.
messages: Widely expressed, with higher expression in the lung and skin, intermediate levels in the heart, kidney and stomach and lower levels in several other tissues. Isoform 1 is the most abundant form in all tested tissues.

10090:Wdr72
gene id: 10090:Wdr72
uniprot id: D3YYM4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Expressed in maturation stage ameloblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:19853237, PubMed:25008349).
messages: Plays a major role in formation of tooth enamel (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047). Specifically required during the maturation phase of amelogenesis for normal formation of the enamel matrix and clearance of enamel proteins (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047). May be involved in localization of the calcium transporter SLC24A4 to the ameloblast cell membrane (PubMed:26247047).
messages: Viable with no gross morpholgical defects (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047). At 6-7 weeks of age teeth have an opaque, chalky appearance, with reduced enamel thickness at occlusal surfaces (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047). Body weight is reduced, probably due to problems with chewing hard foods (PubMed:25008349). Enamel formation is abnormal from the maturation stage onwards with significantly reduced mineral density and retention of proteinaceous material in the enamel matrix (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047). Tooth enamel hardness is ten times lower than wild type (PubMed:26247047). Attachment of ameloblasts to the enamel layer may be weakened (PubMed:26247047). The calcium transporter SLC24A4 fails to localize to the distal ameloblast membrane (PubMed:26247047). In maturation stage ameloblasts expression levels of amelogenin appear to be reduced, although abnormally high amelogenin levels are found in the extracellular enamel matrix (PubMed:25008349, PubMed:26247047).

10090:Trerf1
gene id: 10090:Trerf1
uniprot id: Q8BXJ2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 15.5 dpc, highly expressed in brain, lung, adrenal, thymus and kidney. Expression was also seen in spinal cord, retina and snout.
messages: Binds DNA and activates transcription of CYP11A1. Interaction with CREBBP and EP300 results in a synergistic transcriptional activation of CYP11A1.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, lung and brain. In the brain, expression was seen in the basal ganglia, hippocampus, piriform cortex, cerebral cortex, ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus and the dorsal and superior central nuclei of the raphe.
messages: Interacts with CREBBP and EP300. Interacts with DNTTIP1 and DNTT.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mafa
gene id: 10090:Mafa
uniprot id: Q8CF90
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
messages: Expressed in brain, lung, spleen, pancreas and kidney (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:14680841). In the pancreas, expressed in the insulin-producing beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans (at protein level) (PubMed:12917329, PubMed:15923615). Also expressed in the eye (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:15923615).
messages: Forms homodimers (By similarity). Interacts with NEUROD1 and PDX1 (PubMed:15665000). May interact with MAFB, FOS, JUN and PCAF (By similarity).
messages: In the developing pancreas, expressed exclusively in the insulin-positive cells from 13.5 dpc onward and never in the glucagon-expressing cells (at protein level) (PubMed:14973194). At 12.5dpc, at the mRNA level, detected in each formed somite, in myotomal cells. Also detected in the head neural tube, liver cells and, at low levels, in some mesenchyme-like cells (PubMed:14680841).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and survive until adulthood. They show a normal pancreatic morphology at birth. A 12 weeks, they exhibit a reduction in the proportion of Langerhans islet beta-cells and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and eventually they develop diabetes mellitus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at tyrosines.
messages: Transcriptional factor that activates insulin gene expression (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:15665000). Acts synergistically with NEUROD1/BETA2 and PDX1 (PubMed:15665000). Binds the insulin enhancer C1/RIPE3b element (PubMed:12917329, PubMed:14680841, PubMed:14973194, PubMed:15665000). Binds to consensus TRE-type MARE 5'-TGCTGACTCAGCA-3' DNA sequence (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Up-regulated by glucose in pancreatic beta-cell lines.

10090:Runx1t1
gene id: 10090:Runx1t1
uniprot id: B1AXH8
uniprot id: B1AXH9
uniprot id: Q3UQX8
uniprot id: Q61909
uniprot id: Q8C066
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CBFA2T family.
messages: Homotetramer (By similarity). Heterotetramer with CBFA2T2 and CBFA2T3 (By similarity). Interacts with TCF12, SIN3A, HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, NCOR1 and NCOR2. Interacts with ATN1 (via its N-terminus); the interaction enhances the transcriptional repression (By similarity).
messages: Nervy homology region 2 (NHR2) mediates homo- and possibly heterotypic oligomerization by forming a four-helix bundle tetrameric structure.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The TAFH domain mediates interaction with transcription regulators.
messages: Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Can repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner. Can repress transactivation mediated by TCF12 (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis (PubMed:23527555).

10090:Reep6
gene id: 10090:Reep6
uniprot id: Q9JM62
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DP1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the inner segment of rod photoreceptors and outer plexiform layer of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:24691551, PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Expressed in liver, but not detected in brain, muscle, kidney, retinal cone photoreceptors or retinal ganglion cells (at protein level) (PubMed:24691551). Highly expressed in the ganglion cell layer of the retina and in liver, and also detected at low levels in kidney and testis (PubMed:15728532). Isoform 1: Expressed in the retina (PubMed:15728532, PubMed:24691551). Isoform 2: Expressed in liver (PubMed:24691551).
messages: Interacts with STX3 (PubMed:28369466). Interacts with clathrin (PubMed:28369466).
messages: Isoform 1 shows increasing levels of expression in the retina from birth, reaching maximal levels by 12 days of age.
messages: Required for correct function and survival of retinal photoreceptors (PubMed:24098485, PubMed:24691551, PubMed:28475715). Required for retinal development (PubMed:28369466). In rod photoreceptors, facilitates stability and/or trafficking of guanylate cyclases and is required to maintain endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial homeostasis (PubMed:28475715). May play a role in clathrin-coated intracellular vesicle trafficking of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the retinal rod plasma membrane (PubMed:24098485, PubMed:28369466).
messages: Viable, however mice develop progressive deterioration in retinal response, and male mice are sterile (PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Progressive retinal rod dysfunction first evident from one month of age progressing to almost undetectable scotopic response at one year of age (PubMed:28369466). Progressive degeneration of photopic response by retinal cone receptors first evident at one year of age (PubMed:28369466). Defective retinal morphology with significant thinning of the outer nuclear layer and reduced rows of nuclei (PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Accumulation of vacuole-like structures at the apical inner segment of the retina (PubMed:28369466). Reduced and disorganised photoreceptors with shortened fragmented outer segment (PubMed:28475715). Altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) organization with increased ER area near the base of the outer segment, increased number of mitochondria in the rod ellipsoid region and induction of ER stress (PubMed:28475715). Reduced retinal expression of phototransduction proteins Cngb1 and Gnat1 and of Aipl1 (PubMed:28369466). Reduced expression of guanylate cyclases Gucy2e/GC1 and Gucy2f/GC2 in the rod outer segment and mislocalization of Pde6a from the outer segment to the inner segment and outer nuclear layer (PubMed:28475715).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Amhr2
gene id: 10090:Amhr2
uniprot id: Q8K592
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Interacts with type I receptor ACVR1.
messages: Membrane
messages: On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for anti-Muellerian hormone.

10090:Hyou1
gene id: 10090:Hyou1
uniprot id: Q9JKR6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Has a pivotal role in cytoprotective cellular mechanisms triggered by oxygen deprivation. May play a role as a molecular chaperone and participate in protein folding (By similarity).
messages: Part of a large chaperone multiprotein complex comprising DNAJB11, HSP90B1, HSPA5, HYOU, PDIA2, PDIA4, PDIA6, PPIB, SDF2L1, UGGT1 and very small amounts of ERP29, but not, or at very low levels, CALR nor CANX.

10090:Guf1
gene id: 10090:Guf1
uniprot id: Q8C3X4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. LepA subfamily.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Promotes mitochondrial protein synthesis. May act as a fidelity factor of the translation reaction, by catalyzing a one-codon backward translocation of tRNAs on improperly translocated ribosomes. Binds to mitochondrial ribosomes in a GTP-dependent manner.

10090:Mfsd1
gene id: 10090:Mfsd1
uniprot id: Q9DC37
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: After 24 hours of starvation, up-regulated in the brainstem and down-regulated in the cortex and striatum (PubMed:27981419). Following 8 weeks of high-fat diet, down-regulated in brainstem and hypothalamus (PubMed:27981419).
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:32959924). Interacts with lysosomal protein GLMP (via lumenal domain); the interaction starts while both proteins are still in the endoplasmic reticulum and is required for stability and lysosomal localization of MFSD1 (PubMed:31661432, PubMed:32959924).
messages: In brain, expressed in the cortex, striatum hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus and brainstem (at protein level) (PubMed:27981419). Widely expressed with highest levels in kidney and spleen (at protein level) (PubMed:31661432).
messages: Lysosomal transporter which is essential for liver homeostasis (PubMed:31661432). Required to maintain stability and lysosomal localization of GLMP (PubMed:31661432, PubMed:32959924).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Not N-glycosylated.
messages: Splenomegaly and development of severe liver disease characterized by extravasation of erythrocytes, sinusoidal damage, loss of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and fibrosis (PubMed:31661432). Normal life span but there is a significantly higher occurrence of liver tumors in old animals of more than 1.5 years of age (PubMed:31661432). Significantly reduced levels of Glmp (PubMed:31661432, PubMed:32959924). Conditional knockout in LSECs results in a tuberous liver appearance (PubMed:31661432).
messages: The dileucine internalization motif is required for lysosomal localization.

10090:Vsig1
gene id: 10090:Vsig1
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1E9
uniprot id: Q9D2J4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Abcc1
gene id: 10090:Abcc1
uniprot id: A5D6P3
uniprot id: O35379
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homozygous ABCC1 knockout mice are healthy and fertile up to at least 12 months of age. They are hypersensitive to anticancer drugs resulting in an increased loss of body weight and mortality and have a decreased inflammatory response.
messages: MK 571 inhibits sphingosine 1-phosphate and leukotriene C4 export.
messages: Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotrexate, antiviral drugs and other xenobiotics. Confers resistance to anticancer drugs by decreasing accumulation of drug in cells, and by mediating ATP- and GSH-dependent drug export (PubMed:9281595, PubMed:9359705). Hydrolyzes ATP with low efficiency. Catalyzes the export of sphingosine 1-phosphate from mast cells independently of their degranulation (By similarity). Participates in inflammatory response by allowing export of leukotriene C4 from leukotriene C4-synthezing cells (PubMed:9359705). Mediates ATP-dependent, GSH-independent cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) export (PubMed:36070769). Thus, by limiting intracellular cGAMP concentrations negatively regulates the cGAS-STING pathway (PubMed:36070769).
messages: Membrane

10090:Aggf1
gene id: 10090:Aggf1
uniprot id: Q7TN31
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the secreted angiogenic factor TNFSF12.
messages: Promotes angiogenesis and the proliferation of endothelial cells. Able to bind to endothelial cells and promote cell proliferation, suggesting that it may act in an autocrine fashion (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Or6c5
gene id: 10090:Or6c5
uniprot id: Q7TRI5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Entr1
gene id: 10090:Entr1
uniprot id: A2AIW0
uniprot id: A2AIW3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ENTR1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Endosome-associated protein that plays a role in membrane receptor sorting, cytokinesis and ciliogenesis. Involved in the endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of SNX27-retromer-dependent cargo proteins, such as GLUT1. Involved in the regulation of cytokinesis; the function may involve PTPN13 and GIT1. Plays a role in the formation of cilia. Involved in cargo protein localization, such as PKD2, at primary cilia (By similarity). Involved in the presentation of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor TNFRSF1A on the cell surface, and hence in the modulation of the TNF-induced apoptosis (PubMed:16332174).
messages: Found in a complex with ENTR1, PTPN13 and GIT1. Interacts with PTPN13 (via the FERM domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with GIT1 (via N- and C-terminus); this interaction is direct (PubMed:23108400). Interacts with NOD2. Interacts (via N-terminus) with IFT88. Interacts with VPS35.
messages: May be involved in modulation of TNF response. May be involved in presentation of TNFRSF1A on the cell surface (PubMed:16332174). Involved in the endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of SNX27-retromer-dependent cargo proteins, such as GLUT1. Involved in the regulation of cytokinesis; the function may involve PTPN13 and GIT1 (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Tne N-terminal domain is necessary and sufficient for basal body localization and ciliogenesis.
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Capza1
gene id: 10090:Capza1
uniprot id: Q5RKN9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein alpha subunit family.
messages: F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.

10090:Ubxn2b
gene id: 10090:Ubxn2b
uniprot id: Q0KL01
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein required for Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis. Involved in Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum maintenance during interphase and in their reassembly at the end of mitosis. The complex formed with VCP has membrane fusion activity; membrane fusion activity requires USO1-GOLGA2 tethering and BET1L. VCPIP1 is also required, but not its deubiquitinating activity. Together with NSFL1C/p47, regulates the centrosomal levels of kinase AURKA/Aurora A during mitotic progression by promoting AURKA removal from centrosomes in prophase. Also, regulates spindle orientation during mitosis.
messages: Belongs to the NSFL1C family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with VCP. Does not bind ubiquitin.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Snai2
gene id: 10090:Snai2
uniprot id: P97469
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GSK3B-mediated phosphorylation results in cytoplasmic localization and degradation.
messages: Interacts (via SNAG domain) with LIMD1 (via LIM domains), WTIP (via LIM domains) and AJUBA (via LIM domains). Interacts (via zinc fingers) with KPNA2, KPNB1, and TNPO1. May interact (via zinc fingers) with IPO7 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Repression activity depends on the C-terminal DNA-binding zinc fingers and on the N-terminal repression domain.
messages: Transcriptional repressor that modulates both activator-dependent and basal transcription. Involved in the generation and migration of neural crest cells. Plays a role in mediating RAF1-induced transcriptional repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) and subsequent oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells. Represses BRCA2 expression by binding to its E2-box-containing silencer and recruiting CTBP1 and HDAC1 in breast cells. In epidermal keratinocytes, binds to the E-box in ITGA3 promoter and represses its transcription. Involved in the regulation of ITGB1 and ITGB4 expression and cell adhesion and proliferation in epidermal keratinocytes. Binds to E-box2 domain of BSG and activates its expression during TGFB1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocytes. Represses E-Cadherin/CDH1 transcription via E-box elements. Involved in osteoblast maturation. Binds to RUNX2 and SOC9 promoters and may act as a positive and negative transcription regulator, respectively, in osteoblasts. Binds to CXCL12 promoter via E-box regions in mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts. Plays an essential role in TWIST1-induced EMT and its ability to promote invasion and metastasis (By similarity).

10090:Sdf4
gene id: 10090:Sdf4
uniprot id: Q61112
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CREC family.
messages: Binds calcium, probably via its EF-hands.
messages: Golgi apparatus lumen
messages: May regulate calcium-dependent activities in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen or post-ER compartment.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Phgdh
gene id: 10090:Phgdh
uniprot id: Q61753
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of 3-phospho-D-glycerate to 3-phosphonooxypyruvate, the first step of the phosphorylated L-serine biosynthesis pathway. Does not catalyze the reversible oxidation of 2-hydroxyglutarate to 2-oxoglutarate and the reversible oxidation of (S)-malate to oxaloacetate.
messages: Decreased level of free serine, glycine, taurine, GABA, glutamine, and threonine in spinal cord and head. Impaired central nervous system (CNS) with shorter neural tube length and overall growth retardation. Severe atrophy at the thoracic level, particularly in the dorsal spinal cord. Poorly developed dorsal horn and adjacent mantle zone. Neurons fail to develop neurites, particularly commissural axonal fibers.
messages: Homotetramer.

10090:Fam227b
gene id: 10090:Fam227b
uniprot id: Q9D518
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM227 family.
messages: Intron retention. The sequence differs at its 3' end due to intron retention.

10090:Tfeb
gene id: 10090:Tfeb
uniprot id: Q3UKG7
uniprot id: Q6P203
uniprot id: Q9R210
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Alkylated via a non-enzymatic covalent modification (PubMed:35662396). Itaconate, an anti-inflammatory metabolite generated in response to lipopolysaccharide, alkylates Cys-211, preventing association with 14-3-3/YWHA adapters, thereby promoting nuclear translocation and activity (PubMed:35662396).
messages: Belongs to the MiT/TFE family.
messages: Death between 9.5 and 10.5 days in embryonic development (PubMed:9806910). Embryos display severe defects in placental vascularization (PubMed:9806910). The embryonic vasculature forms normally but few vessels are seen entering the placenta and those that do enter fail to thrive and branch normally (PubMed:9806910). Conditional deletion in kidney does not lead to any abnormality in the kidney (PubMed:32612235). Mice lacking Tfeb and Flcn in the kidney do not show any abnormality in the kidney, suggesting that the kidney phenotype observed in Flcn knockout mice is due to constitutive activation of Tfeb (PubMed:32612235).
messages: Expressed at low levels in the embryo but at high levels in the labyrinthine trophoblast cells of the placenta.
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer; with TFE3 or MITF (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated by MTOR) with YWHAZ; promoting retention in the cytosol (By similarity). Interacts with Irgm1; promoting association between TFEB and PPP3CB and dephosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with small GTPases Rag (RagA/RRAGA, RagB/RRAGB, RagC/RRAGC and/or RagD/RRAGD); promoting its recruitment to lysosomal membrane in the presence of nutrients (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-210 by MTOR via non-canonical mTORC1 pathway regulates its subcellular location and activity (By similarity). When nutrients are present, phosphorylation by MTOR promotes association with 14-3-3/YWHA adapters and retention in the cytosol (By similarity). Inhibition of mTORC1, starvation and lysosomal disruption, promotes dephosphorylation by calcineurin PPP3CB and translocation to the nucleus (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by calcineurin PPP3CB in response to lysosomal Ca(2+) release (By similarity). Irgm1 promotes dephosphorylation by calcineurin PPP3CB, resulting in TFEB nuclear translocation and stimulation of lysosomal biogenesis (By similarity). Exported from the nucleus in a mTORC1-dependent manner in response to nutrient availability (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated; does not affect dimerization with MITF.
messages: The leucine zipper region is essential for homo- or heterodimerization and high-affinity DNA binding. DNA binding is mediated by the basic region.
messages: Transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, autophagy, lysosomal exocytosis, lipid catabolism, energy metabolism and immune response (PubMed:16936731, PubMed:22343943, PubMed:27278822, PubMed:35662396). Specifically recognizes and binds E-box sequences (5'-CANNTG-3'); efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with itself or with another MiT/TFE family member such as TFE3 or MITF (PubMed:16936731, PubMed:27278822). Involved in the cellular response to amino acid availability by acting downstream of MTOR: in the presence of nutrients, TFEB phosphorylation by MTOR promotes its cytosolic retention and subsequent inactivation (PubMed:35662396). Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of MTOR induces TFEB dephosphorylation, resulting in nuclear localization and transcription factor activity (By similarity). Specifically recognizes and binds the CLEAR-box sequence (5'-GTCACGTGAC-3') present in the regulatory region of many lysosomal genes, leading to activate their expression, thereby playing a central role in expression of lysosomal genes (By similarity). Regulates lysosomal positioning in response to nutrient deprivation by promoting the expression of PIP4P1 (PubMed:29146937). Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy by promoting expression of genes involved in autophagy (PubMed:27278822). In association with TFE3, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity (PubMed:16936731). Specifically recognizes the gamma-E3 box, a subset of E-boxes, present in the heavy-chain immunoglobulin enhancer (By similarity). Plays a role in the signal transduction processes required for normal vascularization of the placenta (PubMed:9806910). Involved in the immune response to infection by the bacteria S.aureus, S.typhimurium or S.enterica (PubMed:24882217, PubMed:27184844, PubMed:35662396). Infection promotes itaconat…
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Hmgcl
gene id: 10090:Hmgcl
uniprot id: P38060
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HMG-CoA lyase family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Can also form homotetramers.
messages: Mitochondrial 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase that catalyzes a cation-dependent cleavage of (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate, a key step in ketogenesis. Terminal step in leucine catabolism. Ketone bodies (beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone) are essential as an alternative source of energy to glucose, as lipid precursors and as regulators of metabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Peroxisome

10090:Gm21412
gene id: 10090:Gm21412
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Wnk1
gene id: 10090:Wnk1
uniprot id: P83741
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated in response to hyperosmotic stress: cell shrinkage promotes formation of a membraneless compartment that concentrates WNK1 with its substrates, OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK (By similarity). Activation requires autophosphorylation of Ser-382 and, to a lower extent, Ser-378 (By similarity). Autophosphorylation and subsequent activation is inhibited by increases in intracellular ionic strength: Cl(-) potently inhibits WNK1 kinase activity via direct binding (By similarity). Also inhibited by K(+) ions (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated at Ser-378 and Ser-382, promoting its activity (By similarity). Autophosphorylation at Ser-382 is inhibited by intracellular calcium (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Thr-58 increases ability to activate SGK1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WNK subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Disordered regions undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) for the formation of a cytoplasmic membraneless compartment that concentrates WNK1 with its substrates, OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK.
messages: Embryonic lethality before day 13 of gestation (PubMed:14610273, PubMed:19644017). Embryos show cardiovascular developmental defects: the developing heart has smaller chambers and reduced myocardial trabeculation at E10.5 (PubMed:19644017). Yolk sac vessels in the E10.5 null mutant fail to remodel into a network of large and small vessels and embryonic vessels show defective angiogenesis that involves both arteries and veins (PubMed:19644017). Hypomorphic mice display a significant decrease in blood pressure (PubMed:14610273). Conditional deletion in endothelial cells leads to cardiovascular developmental defects, leading to embryonic lethality (PubMed:19644017).
messages: HSN2 was originally thought to be an intronless gene lying within a WNK1 gene intron. It has been shown to be a nervous system-specific exon of WNK1 included in isoform 2 and isoform 3 (PubMed:18521183).
messages: Interacts with WNK3. Interacts with WNK4; inhibiting the activity of WNK4 (By similarity). Interacts with SGK1; promoting its activation. Associates with the mTORC2 complex (By similarity). Interacts with UVRAG (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with isoform 1; inhibiting isoform 1 activity.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-214 is the initiator.
messages: Kinase-defective isoform specifically expressed in kidney, which acts as a dominant-negative regulator of the longer isoform 1 (PubMed:21131289). Does not directly inhibit WNK4 and has no direct effect on sodium and chloride ion transport (By similarity). Down-regulates sodium-chloride cotransporter activity indirectly by inhibiting isoform 1, it associates with isoform 1 and attenuates its kinase activity (By similarity). In kidney, may play an important role regulating sodium and potassium balance (By similarity).
messages: May be O-glycosylated.
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: Restricted to the nervous system, expressed preferentially in sensory neurons than in motor neurons and in general more abundant in axons than in cell bodies (at protein level) (PubMed:18521183). In the DRG, predominantly expressed in the satellite cells that envelop sensory neurons, but low expression also observed in the cell bodies of neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:18521183). In the sciatic nerve, expressed in the Schwann cells that surround axons and in a mosaic distribution of axons (at protein level) (PubMed:18521183). In the spinal cord, expressed in superficial layers (LI and LII), as well as in the fibers of the Lissauer tract (at protein level) (PubMed:18521183). Also detected in the axon fibers of dorsolateral funiculus and lateral funiculus (at protein level) (PubMed:18521183).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase component of the WNK1-SPAK/OSR1 kinase cascade, which acts as a key regulator of blood pressure and regulatory volume increase by promoting ion influx (PubMed:12671053, PubMed:14610273). WNK1 mediates regulatory volume increase in response to hyperosmotic stress by acting as a molecular crowding sensor, which senses cell shrinkage and mediates formation of a membraneless compartment by undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation (By similarity). The membraneless compartment concentrates WNK1 with its substrates, OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK, promoting WNK1-dependent phosphorylation and activation of downstream kinases OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK (By similarity). Following activation, OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK catalyze phosphorylation of ion cotransporters SLC12A1/NKCC2, SLC12A2/NKCC1, SLC12A5/KCC2 and SLC12A6/KCC3, regulating their activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Na-K-Cl cotransporters SLC12A2/NKCC1 and SLC12A2/NKCC1 promote their activation and ion influx; simultaneously, phosphorylation of K-Cl cotransporters SLC12A5/KCC2 and SLC12A6/KCC3 inhibit their activity, blocking ion efflux (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of angiogenesis in endothelial cells (PubMed:19644017). Also acts independently of the WNK1-SPAK/OSR1 kinase cascade by catalyzing phosphorylation of other substrates, such as SYT2, PCF11 and NEDD4L (By similarity). Mediates phosphorylation of SYT2, regulating SYT2 association with phospholipids and membrane-binding (By similarity). Regulates mRNA export in the nucleus by mediating phosphorylation of PCF11, thereby decreasing the association between PCF11 and POLR2A/RNA polymerase II and promoting mRNA export to the cytoplasm (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of autophagy (By similarity). Required for the abscission step during mitosis, independently of the WNK1-SPAK/OSR1 kinase cascade (By similarity). WNK1 may also play a role in actin cytoskeletal reorganization (By similarity). Also acts as a…
messages: The RFXV motifs mediate recognition with downstream kinases OXSR1/OSR1 and STK39/SPAK.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL3) complex, leading to its degradation (By similarity). Also ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL2) complex (By similarity).
messages: Was named WNK/'with no lysine(K)' because key residues for catalysis, including the lysine involved in ATP binding, are either not conserved or differ compared to the residues described in other kinase family proteins.
messages: Widely expressed in both adult and embryonic tissue, with highest levels observed in the testis and lower levels in heart, lung, kidney, placenta, brain and skeletal muscle (PubMed:11498583, PubMed:14514722, PubMed:12522152). Expressed in pancreatic duct (PubMed:21317537). Two isoforms are expressed in heart, a single shorter isoform in the kidney (PubMed:14514722). Locates to the distal convoluted tubule, the medullary collecting duct and the cortical collecting duct of the kidney (PubMed:14514722).
messages: spindle

10090:Or13a28
gene id: 10090:Or13a28
uniprot id: Q8VGM2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cramp1
gene id: 10090:Cramp1
uniprot id: Q6PG95
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cramped family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ceacam5
gene id: 10090:Ceacam5
uniprot id: Q3UKK2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Cell surface glycoprotein that plays a role in cell adhesion, intracellular signaling and tumor progression. Mediates homophilic and heterophilic cell adhesion with other carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules, such as CEACAM6. Plays a role as an oncogene by promoting tumor progression; induces resistance to anoikis of colorectal carcinoma cells.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Il1rl2
gene id: 10090:Il1rl2
uniprot id: Q149G7
uniprot id: Q9ERS7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Complete protection from imiquimodum (IMQ)-induced skin pathology observed in wild-type mice, including hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, neutrophil recruitment, and expansion of IL-17-producing T-cells.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, splenic CD4(+) T-cells, bone marrow-derived macrophages and bone marrow-derived neutrophils.
messages: Interacts with IL1RAP; the association is enhanced by IL36B indicative for an functional signaling complex and inhibited by IL36RN.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for interleukin-36 (IL36A, IL36B and IL36G). After binding to interleukin-36 associates with the coreceptor IL1RAP to form the interleukin-36 receptor complex which mediates interleukin-36-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B, MAPK and other pathways. The IL-36 signaling system is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; it is similar to the IL-1 system. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by induction of the IL-23/IL-17/IL-22 pathway.
messages: The TIR domain mediates NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity. Self-association of TIR domains is required for NADase activity.

10090:Dusp10
gene id: 10090:Dusp10
uniprot id: Q9ESS0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer. Interacts with MAPK14.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase involved in the inactivation of MAP kinases. Has a specificity for the MAPK11/MAPK12/MAPK13/MAPK14 subfamily. It preferably dephosphorylates p38.

10090:Trmt61a
gene id: 10090:Trmt61a
uniprot id: Q80XC2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM61 family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of tRNA (adenine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) in initiator methionyl-tRNA. Catalytic subunit of mRNA N(1)-methyltransferase complex, which mediates methylation of adenosine residues at the N(1) position of a small subset of mRNAs: N(1) methylation takes place in tRNA T-loop-like structures of mRNAs and is only present at low stoichiometries.
messages: Heterotetramer; composed of two copies of TRMT6 and two copies of TRMT61A.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ccr3
gene id: 10090:Ccr3
uniprot id: P51678
uniprot id: Q3U5L7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice with induced pulmonary inflammation exhibit reduced trafficking of eosinophils from the blood into the lung parenchyma and increased numbers of intraepithelial mast cells in the trachea. Cholinergic stimulation resulted in airway hyperresponsiveness.
messages: Detected in skeletal muscle and in trace amounts in leukocytes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for C-C type chemokine. Binds and responds to a variety of chemokines, including CCL11, CCL26, CCL7, CCL13, RANTES(CCL5) and CCL15. Subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. In addition acts as a possible functional receptor for NARS1.

10090:Pcp4l1
gene id: 10090:Pcp4l1
uniprot id: Q6W8Q3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PCP4 family.
messages: Expressed in laminar and nuclear structures of the CNS.
messages: First detected at 9.5 dpc in the neural tube. Expressed at early stages of development in the isthmus and in metencephalic and mesencephalic roof plates. At later stages of development, it is expressed in structures corresponding to circumventricular organs which in adult control the production of the cerebrospinal fluid.

10090:Il6
gene id: 10090:Il6
uniprot id: A0A0G2JGF4
uniprot id: A2RTD1
uniprot id: P08505
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an essential factor in bone homeostasis and on vessels directly or indirectly by induction of VEGF, resulting in increased angiogenesis activity and vascular permeability. Induces, through 'trans-signaling' and synergistically with IL1B and TNF, the production of VEGF (PubMed:17075861). Involved in metabolic controls, is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction increasing lipolysis and improving insulin resistance (PubMed:11786910). 'Trans-signaling' in central nervous system regulates energy and glucose homeostasis (PubMed:28402851). Mediates, through GLP-1, crosstalk between insulin-sensitive tissues, intestinal L cells and pancreatic islets to adapt to changes in insulin demand (PubMed:11113088). Also acts as a myokine (By similarity). Plays a protective role during liver injury, being required for maintenance of tissue regeneration (PubMed:11113088, PubMed:8910279). Also has a pivotal role in iron metabolism by regulating HAMP/hepcidin expression upon inflammation or bacterial infection (PubMed:15124018). Through activation of IL6ST-YAP-NOTCH pathway, induces inflammation-induced epithelial regeneration (By similarity).
messages: Animals have normal T-cell numbers in the lamina propria but the T(H)17 cells are reduced by about 10-fold (PubMed:16990136). They develop mature-onset obesity and have disturbed carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, increased leptin levels and decreased responsiveness to leptin treatment (PubMed:11786910). Animals have impaired liver regeneration characterized by liver necrosis and failure (PubMed:8910279). Mutants infected with influenza virus do not show a significant difference on germinal center B cells compared to wild-types (PubMed:23045607). Double knockouts for IL21 and IL6 infected with influenza virus show a significant reduction in germinal centers in both the draining lymphatic nodes and the spleens to wild-types. Animals show a significant reduction in virus-specific IgM and IgG (PubMed:23045607).
messages: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
messages: Component of a hexamer of two molecules each of IL6, IL6R and IL6ST; first binds to IL6R to associate with the signaling subunit IL6ST (PubMed:28265003). Interacts with IL6R (via the N-terminal ectodomain); this interaction may be affected by IL6R-binding with SORL1, hence decreasing IL6 cis signaling. Interacts with SORL1 (via the N-terminal ectodomain); this interaction leads to IL6 internalization and lysosomal degradation. May form a trimeric complex with the soluble SORL1 ectodomain and soluble IL6R receptor; this interaction might stabilize circulating IL6, hence promoting IL6 trans signaling (PubMed:28265003).
messages: Cytokine with a wide variety of biological functions in immunity, tissue regeneration, and metabolism (Probable). Binds to IL6R, then the complex associates to the signaling subunit IL6ST/gp130 to trigger the intracellular IL6-signaling pathway (PubMed:8910279). The interaction with the membrane-bound IL6R and IL6ST stimulates 'classic signaling', whereas the binding of IL6 and soluble IL6R to IL6ST stimulates 'trans-signaling'. Alternatively, 'cluster signaling' occurs when membrane-bound IL6:IL6R complexes on transmitter cells activate IL6ST receptors on neighboring receiver cells (PubMed:27893700).
messages: Expressed by dendritic cells and macrophages (PubMed:27893700, PubMed:23045607). Expressed by activated follicular B cells (PubMed:23045607). Abundantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), particularly the hypothalamic region (PubMed:28402851).
messages: IL6 is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Rapid production of IL6 contributes to host defense during infection and tissue injury, but excessive IL6 synthesis is involved in disease pathology. In the innate immune response, is synthesized by myeloid cells, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, upon recognition of pathogens through toll-like receptors (TLRs) at the site of infection or tissue injury. In the adaptive immune response, is required for the differentiation of B-cells into immunoglolin-secreting cells (Probable). Plays a major role in the differentiation of CD4(+) T cell subsets. Essential factor for the development of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that are required for the induction of germinal-center formation. Together with IL21, controls the early generation of Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute viral infection (PubMed:23045607). Required to drive naive CD4(+) T cells to the Th17 lineage, through 'cluster signaling' by dendritic cells (PubMed:16990136, PubMed:27893700). Also required for proliferation of myeloma cells and the survival of plasmablast cells (Probable).
messages: In activated follicular B cells, expression is induced early after influenza virus infection (PubMed:23045607). Plasma levels are highly increased upon exercise, due to enhanced production by contracting skeletal muscles (PubMed:22037645).
messages: N- and O-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lsm4
gene id: 10090:Lsm4
uniprot id: Q9CY46
uniprot id: Q9QXA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
messages: Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
messages: Component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex is composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8. LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8 form a heptameric, ring-shaped subcomplex (the LSM2-8 complex) that is part of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex and the precatalytic spliceosome.
messages: LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Zdhhc6
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc6
uniprot id: Q9CPV7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum palmitoyl acyltransferase that mediates palmitoylation of proteins such as AMFR, CALX, ITPR1 and TFRC (PubMed:25368151). Palmitoylates calnexin (CALX), which is required for its association with the ribosome-translocon complex and efficient folding of glycosylated proteins (By similarity). Mediates palmitoylation of AMFR, promoting AMFR distribution to the peripheral endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Together with SELENOK, palmitoylates ITPR1 in immune cells, leading to regulate ITPR1 stability and function (PubMed:25368151). Stearoyltransferase that mediates stearoylation of TFRC to inhibit TFRC-mediated activation of the JNK pathway and mitochondrial fragmentation (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomerizes (By similarity). Interacts with SELENOK (PubMed:25368151).
messages: Palmitoylated at 3 different sites by ZDHHC16. The combination of the different palmitoylation events strongly affects the quaternary assembly of ZDHHC6, its localization, stability and function. Palmitoylation at Cys-328 accelerates the turnover of ZDHHC6. Depalmitoylated by LYPLA2.
messages: The C-terminal di-lysine motif confers endoplasmic reticulum localization.
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Slc25a48
gene id: 10090:Slc25a48
uniprot id: Q8BW66
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ido2
gene id: 10090:Ido2
uniprot id: Q8R0V5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity is inhibited by D-1MT (1-methyl-D-tryptophan) and MTH-trp (methylthiohydantoin-DL-tryptophan) but not L-1MT (1-methyl-L-tryptophan).
messages: Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 heme group per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism (PubMed:17499941, PubMed:17499941). Involved in immune regulation (PubMed:25477879).
messages: Expressed mainly in antigen-presenting immune cells, liver, kidney, brain, and placenta (PubMed:25691885, PubMed:17671174). Highly expressed in kidney, followed by epididymis and liver (at protein level) (PubMed:17499941). Detected in the tails of the spermatozoa in the testis and in the kidney tubules (at protein level) (PubMed:17499941). Constitutively expressed in brain.
messages: Ido1 and Ido2 are 2 distinct enzymes which catalyze the same reaction. Ido2 Km for tryptophan is much higher than that of Ido1. Ido2 may play a role as a negative regulator of Ido1 by competing for heme-binding with Ido1. Low efficiency Ido2 enzymes have been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, whereas higher efficiency Ido1 enzymes are dispensable in many lower vertebrate lineages. Ido1 may have arisen by gene duplication of a more ancient proto-IDO gene before the divergence of marsupial and eutherian (placental) mammals.
messages: Knockout mice have no apparent defects in embryonic development or hematopoietic differentiation and have wild-type profiles for kynurenine in blood serum and for immune cells in spleen, lymph nodes, peritoneum, thymus and bone marrow. Knockout mice exhibit defects in IDO-mediated T-cell regulation and inflammatory responses (PubMed:25691885). They exhibit defects in allergic or autoimmune responses (PubMed:24402311).

10090:Arhgap19
gene id: 10090:Arhgap19
uniprot id: Q8BRH3
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Ano4
gene id: 10090:Ano4
uniprot id: Q8C5H1
uniprot id: S4R1L3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the anoctamin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Has calcium-dependent phospholipid scramblase activity; scrambles phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylcholine and galactosylceramide (PubMed:23532839). Does not exhibit calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) activity (PubMed:22075693).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in neuronal tissues. Expressed at low levels in ovary, uterus, heart and brain.
messages: The term 'anoctamin' was coined because these channels are anion selective and have eight (OCT) transmembrane segments. There is some dissatisfaction in the field with the Ano nomenclature because it is not certain that all the members of this family are anion channels or have the 8-transmembrane topology.

10090:Clcn3
gene id: 10090:Clcn3
uniprot id: A0A6Q6Q7B9
uniprot id: P51791
uniprot id: Q790S0
uniprot id: Q8K4W8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 days of development it is expressed throughout the embryo. Later in development (12.5 to 14.5 days of gestation), expression is progressively up-regulated in neurons of the brain and the spinal cord, in all cranial sensory ganglia and in the sympathetic dorsal root ganglia.
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. ClC-3/CLCN3 subfamily.
messages: Brain, heart, pancreas, kidney, liver, lung, retina, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord.
messages: Brain, pancreas, kidney, liver, lung, retina, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in kidney, in the apical part of proximal tubule cells (at protein level). Expressed at high levels in the kidney while a low level expression is seen in the brain. Within the brain, it is prominent in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in the liver and at low levels in the brain.
messages: Inhibited by Cd(2+).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May influence large dense-core vesicle exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer (PubMed:28972156). Forms heterodimers with CLCN4 (PubMed:28972156).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Pancreas, kidney, liver, lung and retina.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons (PubMed:24603049, PubMed:26342074, PubMed:28972156). Facilitates endosomal acidification and chloride accumulation in hepatocytes (PubMed:15504734).
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons (PubMed:26342074). The CLC channel family contains both chloride channels and proton-coupled anion transporters that exchange chloride or another anion for protons (By similarity). The presence of conserved gating glutamate residues is typical for family members that function as antiporters (By similarity).
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Pnp2
gene id: 10090:Pnp2
uniprot id: Q9D8C9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate.

10090:Ezh2
gene id: 10090:Ezh2
uniprot id: Q3TZH6
uniprot id: Q571L5
uniprot id: Q61188
uniprot id: Q6AXH7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. EZ subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which includes EED, EZH2, SUZ12, RBBP4 and RBBP7 and possibly AEBP2 (By similarity). The minimum components required for methyltransferase activity of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex are EED, EZH2 and SUZ12 (By similarity). The PRC2 complex may also interact with DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B and PHF1 via the EZH2 subunit and with SIRT1 via the SUZ12 subunit (By similarity). Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 (By similarity). Binds ATRX via the SET domain (By similarity). Interacts with PRAME (By similarity). Interacts with CDYL (By similarity). Interacts with EED. Interacts with BMAL1. Interacts with CLOCK and CRY1. Interacts with DNMT3L; the interaction is direct (PubMed:24074865). Interacts with EZHIP; the interaction blocks EZH2 methyltransferase activity (PubMed:31451685). Interacts with ZNF263; recruited to the SIX3 promoter along with other proteins involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional corepression where it contributes to transcriptional repression (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC12 (By similarity). Interacts with ZMYND8; the interaction is dependent on the presence of chromatin (By similarity).
messages: Death early in development. Embryos cease development following implantation or initiate but fail to complete gastrulation.
messages: Expressed in both adult and embryo with highest levels in early embryogenesis. Expressed in the fertilized oocyte. Expression decreases during differentiation of ES cells and during senescence of MEFs. Expression increases in prostate during prostate tumor development.
messages: Glycosylated: O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-75 by OGT increases stability of EZH2 and facilitates the formation of H3K27me3 by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by AKT1 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by AKT1 reduces methyltransferase activity. Phosphorylation at Thr-345 by CDK1 and CDK2 promotes maintenance of H3K27me3 levels at EZH2-target loci, thus leading to epigenetic gene silencing (By similarity).
messages: Polycomb group (PcG) protein. Catalytic subunit of the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex, which methylates (H3K9me) and 'Lys-27' (H3K27me) of histone H3, leading to transcriptional repression of the affected target gene. Able to mono-, di- and trimethylate 'Lys-27' of histone H3 to form H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3, respectively. Displays a preference for substrates with less methylation, loses activity when progressively more methyl groups are incorporated into H3K27, H3K27me0 > H3K27me1 > H3K27me2. Compared to EZH1-containing complexes, it is more abundant in embryonic stem cells and plays a major role in forming H3K27me3, which is required for embryonic stem cell identity and proper differentiation. The PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex may also serve as a recruiting platform for DNA methyltransferases, thereby linking two epigenetic repression systems. Genes repressed by the PRC2/EED-EZH2 complex include HOXA7, HOXB6 and HOXC8. EZH2 can also methylate non-histone proteins such as the transcription factor GATA4 and the nuclear receptor RORA. Regulates the circadian clock via histone methylation at the promoter of the circadian genes. Essential for the CRY1/2-mediated repression of the transcriptional activation of PER1/2 by the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer; involved in the di and trimethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 on PER1/2 promoters which is necessary for the CRY1/2 proteins to inhibit transcription.
messages: Present in actively dividing cells (PubMed:19026781). Widely expressed in early embryos (PubMed:19026781). In later embryogenesis, expression restricted to central and peripheral nervous system, liver and thymus (PubMed:19026781). In adult, highest expression in spleen, testis and placenta (PubMed:19026781, PubMed:31451685). Lower levels in intestine, muscle and ovary and very low levels in brain and liver (PubMed:19026781, PubMed:31451685). No expression in heart, thyroid gland, lung and kidney (PubMed:19026781).
messages: Repressed by the microRNA (miRNA) miR-26a.
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:Dcp1b
gene id: 10090:Dcp1b
uniprot id: B9EIX0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DCP1 family.

10090:Abtb2
gene id: 10090:Abtb2
uniprot id: Q7TQI7
names: Function
messages: May be involved in the initiation of hepatocyte growth.

10090:Ark2n
gene id: 10090:Ark2n
uniprot id: Q0VAW6
uniprot id: Q8BH50
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AMPK substrate important for exercise capacity and skeletal muscle function. Required for normal contraction-induced signaling.
messages: Detected in brain, liver, lung, kidney, heart, spleen, skeletal muscle and spinal cord.
messages: Interacts with CSNK2B (via KSSR). Interacts with JUN; the interaction is mediated by CSNK2B.
messages: Kockout mice have an increase in white adipose tissue mass in both sexes and a decrease in heart mass only in males but no difference in the mass of other organs (PubMed:35882232). Upon treadmill exercise to exhaustion, mutants fatigue earlier than wild types running 20% less distance (PubMed:35882232).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-67 by AMPK. In skeletal muscle, phosphorylation is induced by exercise and seems to increase muscle contractile function.

10090:Ecsit
gene id: 10090:Ecsit
uniprot id: A0A0R4J174
uniprot id: Q9QZH6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in different signaling pathways including TLRs and IL-1 pathways or innate antiviral induction signaling (PubMed:10465784). Plays a role in the activation of NF-kappa-B by forming a signal complex with TRAF6 and TAK1/MAP3K7 to activate TAK1/MAP3K7 leading to activation of IKKs. Once ubiquitinated, interacts with the dissociated RELA and NFKB1 proteins and translocates to the nucleus where it induces NF-kappa-B-dependent gene expression. Plays a role in innate antiviral immune response by bridging the pattern recognition receptors RIGI and MDA5/IFIT1 to the MAVS complex at the mitochondrion (By similarity). Promotes proteolytic activation of MAP3K1. Involved in the BMP signaling pathway (PubMed:14633973). Required for normal embryonic development (By similarity).
messages: As part of the MCIA complex, involved in the assembly of the mitochondrial complex I.
messages: Belongs to the ECSIT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in heart, brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Detected in embryonic mesoderm and epiblast, and in extraembryonic ectoderm.
messages: Interacts with MAP3K1, SMAD4 and TRAF6. Interacts with SMAD1 only after BMP4-treatment (PubMed:14633973, PubMed:10465784). Part of the mitochondrial complex I assembly/MCIA complex that comprises at least the core subunits TMEM126B, NDUFAF1, ECSIT and ACAD9 and complement subunits such as COA1 and TMEM186. Interacts with NDUFAF1. Interacts with ACAD9. Interacts with TRIM59 (PubMed:22588174). Interacts with TMEM70 and TMEM242 (By similarity). Interacts (when ubiquitinated) with NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1 (By similarity). Interacts with RIGI, IFIT1 and MAVS; these interactions promote RLR-mediated type I IFN induction (By similarity). Interacts with SQSTM1; this interaction inhibits TLR4 signaling via functional regulation of the TRAF6-ECSIT complex (By similarity). Interacts with cereblon/CRBN; this interaction inhibits the ubiquitination of ECSIT (By similarity).
messages: Macrophages lacking ECSIT exhibit profound disruption of mitochondrial complex I/CI. Deletion lead to increased dependence on glycolysis and mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated on Lys-372; leading to translocation in the nucleus together with RELA and NFKB1 and expression of NF-kappa-B-dependent genes.

10090:Hibadh
gene id: 10090:Hibadh
uniprot id: Q99L13
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase subfamily.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Lim2
gene id: 10090:Lim2
uniprot id: P56563
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family.
messages: Defects in Lim2 are the cause of the cataractous mouse mutant with total opacity of lens 3 (To3). Mice heterozygous or homozygous for the To3 mutation have total opacity of the lens with a dense cataract. In addition, the To3/To3 homozygotes exhibit microphthalmia, abnormally small eyes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Present in the thicker 16-17 nm junctions of mammalian lens fiber cells, where it may contribute to cell junctional organization. Acts as a receptor for calmodulin. May play an important role in both lens development and cataractogenesis.
messages: Seems to be associated with itself or another lens membrane component via disulfide bonds.

10090:Mtcl1
gene id: 10090:Mtcl1
uniprot id: Q3UHU5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SOGA family.
messages: Homodimer. Isoform 1 interacts with MARK2; the interaction increases MARK2 microtubule-binding ability. Associates (via N- and C-terminus domains) with microtubule filaments.
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Microtubule-associated factor involved in the late phase of epithelial polarization and microtubule dynamics regulation. Plays a role in the development and maintenance of non-centrosomal microtubule bundles at the lateral membrane in polarized epithelial cells.
messages: Midbody
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle pole

10090:Clec14a
gene id: 10090:Clec14a
uniprot id: Q8VCP9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Ntaq1
gene id: 10090:Ntaq1
uniprot id: A0A2I3BQY8
uniprot id: Q80WB5
uniprot id: Q9CWD7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NTAQ1 family.
messages: Mediates the side-chain deamidation of N-terminal glutamine residues to glutamate, an important step in N-end rule pathway of protein degradation. Conversion of the resulting N-terminal glutamine to glutamate renders the protein susceptible to arginylation, polyubiquitination and degradation as specified by the N-end rule. Does not act on substrates with internal or C-terminal glutamine and does not act on non-glutamine residues in any position. Does not deaminate acetylated N-terminal glutamine. With the exception of proline, all tested second-position residues on substrate peptides do not greatly influence the activity. In contrast, a proline at position 2, virtually abolishes deamidation of N-terminal glutamine.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Sec1
gene id: 10090:Sec1
uniprot id: Q8CDC9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 11 family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rapgef3
gene id: 10090:Rapgef3
uniprot id: Q8VCC8
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAP1A and RAP2A small GTPases that is activated by binding cAMP. Through simultaneous binding of PDE3B to RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6 is assembled in a signaling complex in which it activates the PI3K gamma complex and which is involved in angiogenesis. Plays a role in the modulation of the cAMP-induced dynamic control of endothelial barrier function through a pathway that is independent on Rho-mediated signaling. Required for the actin rearrangement at cell-cell junctions, such as stress fibers and junctional actin (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PDE3B and PIK3R6; form a signaling complex that regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma in angiogenesis.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-43 is the initiator.
messages: Membrane
messages: The DEP domain is involved in membrane localization independent from regulation by cAMP.

10090:Vmn2r58
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r58
uniprot id: K7N6V2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cc2d1a
gene id: 10090:Cc2d1a
uniprot id: Q8K1A6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CC2D1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 12 dpc throughout the ventricular zone and developing cortical plate and ganglionic eminences. At 16 dpc detected throughout the brain but most strongly in the cortical plate. At postnatal day 3 expressed widely with strong expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, expression is enriched in the gray matter and strongest in the olfactory bulb.
messages: Knockout mice die soon after birth, apparently because of their inability to breathe.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C2 domain is required for the repression.
messages: Transcription factor that binds specifically to the DRE (dual repressor element) and represses HTR1A gene transcription in neuronal cells. The combination of calcium and ATP specifically inactivates the binding with FRE. May play a role in the altered regulation of HTR1A associated with anxiety and major depression. Mediates HDAC-independent repression of HTR1A promoter in neuronal cell. Performs essential function in controlling functional maturation of synapses.
messages: centrosome

10090:Vcp
gene id: 10090:Vcp
uniprot id: Q01853
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Homohexamer. Forms a ring-shaped particle of 12.5 nm diameter, that displays 6-fold radial symmetry. Part of a ternary complex containing STX5A, NSFL1C and VCP. NSFL1C forms a homotrimer that binds to one end of a VCP homohexamer. The complex binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylethanolamine-containing lipids and promotes Golgi membrane fusion. Binds to a heterodimer of NPLOC4 and UFD1, binding to this heterodimer inhibits Golgi-membrane fusion. Interaction with VCIP135 leads to dissociation of the complex via ATP hydrolysis by VCP. Part of a ternary complex containing NPLOC4, UFD1 and VCP. Interacts with NSFL1C-like protein p37; the complex has membrane fusion activity and is required for Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis. Interacts with RNF103. Interacts with TRIM13 and TRIM21. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of HMGCR. Interacts directly with AMFR/gp78 (via its VIM). Interacts with RHBDD1 (via C-terminal domain). Interacts with SPRTN; leading to recruitment to stalled replication forks. Interacts with SELENOS and SYVN1, as well as with DERL1 (via SHP-box motif), DERL2 and DERL3; which probably transfer misfolded proteins from the ER to VCP. Interacts with SVIP. Component of a complex required to couple retrotranslocation, ubiquitination and deglycosylation composed of NGLY1, SAKS1, AMFR, VCP and RAD23B. Directly interacts with UBXN4 and RNF19A. Interacts with CASR. Interacts with UBE4B and YOD1. Interacts with clathrin. Interacts with RNF103. Interacts with TRIM13 and TRIM21. Component of a VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of HMGCR. Interacts directly with AMFR/gp78 (via its VIM). Interacts with WASHC5. Interacts with UBOX5. Interacts (via N- terminus) with UBXN7, UBXN8, and probably several other UBX domain-containing proteins (via UBX domains); the interactio…
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Methylation at Lys-315 catalyzed by VCPKMT is increased in the presence of ASPSCR1. Lys-315 methylation may decrease ATPase activity (By similarity).
messages: Necessary for the fragmentation of Golgi stacks during mitosis and for their reassembly after mitosis. Involved in the formation of the transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). The transfer of membranes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus occurs via 50-70 nm transition vesicles which derive from part-rough, part-smooth transitional elements of the endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Vesicle budding from the tER is an ATP-dependent process. The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope. Regulates E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of RNF19A. Component of the VCP/p97-AMFR/gp78 complex that participates in the final step of the sterol-mediated ubiquitination and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of HMGCR. Involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control, a mechanism that selectively attenuates the translocation of newly synthesized proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and reroutes them to the cytosol for proteasomal degradation. Involved in clearance process by mediating G3BP1 extraction from stress granules (By similarity). Also involved in DNA damage response: recruited to double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites in a RNF8- and RNF168-dependent manner and promotes the recruitment of TP53BP1 at DNA damage sites. Recruited to stalled replication forks by SPRTN: may act by mediating extraction of DNA polymerase eta (POLH) to prevent excessive translesion DNA synthesis and limit the incidence of mutations induced by DNA damage. Together with SPRTN metalloprotease, involved in the repair of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) during DNA synthesis (By similarity). Involved in interstrand cross-link repair in respo…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by tyrosine kinases in response to T-cell antigen receptor activation. Phosphorylated in mitotic cells.
messages: Stress granule
messages: The N-terminal domain shows evolutionary conservation with that of PEX1, and is able to bind phospholipids with a preference for phosphatidylinositol mono- and bisphosphates.
messages: The PIM (PUB-interaction motif) motif mediates interaction with the PUB domain of RNF31.
messages: cytosol

10090:Matr3
gene id: 10090:Matr3
uniprot id: Q8K310
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: May play a role in transcription or may interact with other nuclear matrix proteins to form the internal fibrogranular network. In association with the SFPQ-NONO heteromer may play a role in nuclear retention of defective RNAs. Plays a role in the regulation of DNA virus-mediated innate immune response by assembling into the HDP-RNP complex, a complex that serves as a platform for IRF3 phosphorylation and subsequent innate immune response activation through the cGAS-STING pathway. Binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing mRNAs and contributes to MYC stability by binding to m6A-containing MYC mRNAs. May bind to specific miRNA hairpins.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Part of a complex consisting of SFPQ, NONO and MATR3. Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2 (By similarity). Part of a complex composed at least of ASH2L, EMSY, HCFC1, HSPA8, CCAR2, MATR3, MKI67, RBBP5, TUBB2A, WDR5 and ZNF335; this complex may have a histone H3-specific methyltransferase activity. Interacts with TARDBP. Part of the HDP-RNP complex composed of at least HEXIM1, PRKDC, XRCC5, XRCC6, paraspeckle proteins (SFPQ, NONO, PSPC1, RBM14, and MATR3) and NEAT1 RNA. Interacts with FUS. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3.

10090:Coro7
gene id: 10090:Coro7
uniprot id: Q9D2V7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: F-actin regulator involved in anterograde Golgi to endosome transport: upon ubiquitination via 'Lys-33'-linked ubiquitin chains by the BCR(KLHL20) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, interacts with EPS15 and localizes to the trans-Golgi network, where it promotes actin polymerization, thereby facilitating post-Golgi trafficking. May play a role in the maintenance of the Golgi apparatus morphology (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: In the adult, widely expressed with highest levels in brain, thymus and kidney and low levels in skeletal and heart muscle. Not expressed in lung. In the eye, strongly expressed in the outer plexiform layer of the retina. In the intestine, expressed both in terminally differentiated epithelial cells and in crypt epithelium. In the embryo, strongest expression is seen in brain, thymus, intestine, apical epidermal layers of the skin and developing lens fibers of the eye.
messages: In the embryo, expressed from 5 dpc and levels increase strongly until 15 dpc.
messages: Interacts with clathrin adapter AP1 complex. This interaction takes place at Golgi membranes and not AP1-positive endosomal membranes. Interacts (when ubiquitinated at Lys-469) with EPS15 (By similarity).
messages: The membrane-associated form is phosphorylated on tyrosine residues.
messages: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-33'-linked ubiquitin chains by the BCR(KLHL20) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex: 'Lys-33'-linked ubiquitination promotes interaction with EPS15 and facilitates actin polymerization at the trans-Golgi network, thereby facilitating post-Golgi trafficking. Deubiquitinated by ZRANB1/TRABID (By similarity).
messages: cytosol
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Gpr31b
gene id: 10090:Gpr31b
uniprot id: F8VQN3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit a reduced response to enteric bacteria, showing defective dendrite protrusions of CX3CR1(+) cells in the small intestine (PubMed:30675063). Under ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver dysfunction, cell death and inflammatory induction are consistently and significantly inhibited at 6 hours after reperfusion in GPR31-deficient mice (PubMed:29227475).
messages: High-affinity receptor for 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-S-HETE), with much lower affinities for other HETE isomers (By similarity) (PubMed:29227475). 12-S-HETE is a eicosanoid, a 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) metabolite of arachidonic acid, involved in many physiologic and pathologic processes, such as cell growth, adhesion, inflammation and cancer promotion. 12-S-HETE-binding leads to activation of ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1), MEK, and NF-kappa-B pathways and leads to cell growth. Plays a crucial role for proliferation, survival and macropinocytosis of KRAS-dependent cancer cells by mediating the translocation of KRAS from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane (PM) and its association with the PM (By similarity). Contributes to enhanced immune responses by inducing dendrite protrusion of small intestinal CX3CR1(+) phagocytes for the uptake of luminal antigens (PubMed:30675063). Acts also as a key receptor for 12-(S)-HETE-mediated liver ischemia reperfusion injury (PubMed:29227475).
messages: Interacts with KRAS; in a farnesylation-dependent manner.
messages: Proton-sensing G protein-coupled receptor.

10090:Lonp2
gene id: 10090:Lonp2
uniprot id: Q8BK80
uniprot id: Q9DBN5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded and unassembled polypeptides in the peroxisomal matrix. Necessary for type 2 peroxisome targeting signal (PTS2)-containing protein processing and facilitates peroxisome matrix protein import. May indirectly regulate peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation through degradation of the self-processed forms of TYSND1.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S16 family.
messages: Interacts with PEX5. Interacts with TYSND1 (By similarity). May interact with enzymes involved in beta-oxidation of fatty acids, including ACOX1/AOX (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome matrix

10090:B3gnt8
gene id: 10090:B3gnt8
uniprot id: Q8R3I9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that plays a role in the elongation of specific branch structures of multiantennary N-glycans. Has strong activity towards tetraantennary N-glycans and 2,6 triantennary glycans (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with B3GNT2; this interaction greatly increases B3GNT2 catalytic activity, independently of B3GNT8 enzymatic activity.

10090:Or2bd2
gene id: 10090:Or2bd2
uniprot id: Q7TQV3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aadat
gene id: 10090:Aadat
uniprot id: Q9WVM8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Expressed mainly in kidney and to a lesser amount in liver and brain.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Transaminase with broad substrate specificity. Has transaminase activity towards aminoadipate, kynurenine, methionine and glutamate. Shows activity also towards tryptophan, aspartate and hydroxykynurenine. Accepts a variety of oxo-acids as amino-group acceptors, with a preference for 2-oxoglutarate, 2-oxocaproic acid, phenylpyruvate and alpha-oxo-gamma-methiol butyric acid. Can also use glyoxylate as amino-group acceptor (in vitro) (By similarity).

10090:Vsir
gene id: 10090:Vsir
uniprot id: Q9D659
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At the cell surface, may be cleaved by MMP14.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in 7-day and 17-day embryos.
messages: Expressed in spleen, thymus, bone marrow, lymph node, and in T-cells within the lamina propria of the small intestine (PubMed:21768399). Detected on CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), peritoneal macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer (NK) cells (PubMed:21768399). In spleen and lymph nodes, highly expressed on CD4+ T-cell populations, and at lower levels on CD8+ T-cells (PubMed:21383057). In thymus, has low expression on CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells, and not detected on CD4+CD8+ cells (PubMed:21383057). Expressed in splenic and peritoneal CD11b cells (PubMed:21383057). Not detected in most B cells and NK cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21383057). Also detected at lower levels in non-hematopoeitic tissues such as heart, brain, lung, kidney, muscle, ovary, and testis (PubMed:21768399, PubMed:21383057).
messages: Immunoregulatory receptor which inhibits the T-cell response (PubMed:21383057, PubMed:24743150, PubMed:25267631). May promote differentiation of embryonic stem cells, by inhibiting BMP4 signaling (PubMed:20042595). May stimulate MMP14-mediated MMP2 activation (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Up-regulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and the cytokine IFNG.
messages: Viable and fertile (PubMed:24743150, PubMed:25267631). At birth, lymphocyte populations in bone marrow, spleen and lymph nodes appear to be normal (PubMed:24743150, PubMed:25267631). Frequencies of activated peripheral T-cells are increased in older animals (PubMed:24743150, PubMed:25267631). Levels of the inflammatory cytokines CCL11, CXCL10, CCL2 and CXCL9 are significantly increased (PubMed:25267631). Tissues show signs of chronic inflammation, however this does not progress to overt autoimmune disease (PubMed:25267631).

10090:Abcb7
gene id: 10090:Abcb7
uniprot id: Q61102
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Heavy Metal importer (TC 3.A.1.210) subfamily.
messages: Exports glutathione-coordinated iron-sulfur clusters such as [2Fe-2S]-(GS)4 cluster from the mitochondria to the cytosol in an ATP-dependent manner allowing the assembly of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) cluster-containing proteins and participates in iron homeostasis (PubMed:16424901, PubMed:16467350). Moreover, through a functional complex formed of ABCB7, FECH and ABCB10, also plays a role in the cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). In cardiomyocytes, regulates cellular iron homeostasis and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels through its interaction with COX4I1 (By similarity). May also play a role in hematopoiesis (PubMed:17192398).
messages: Heterozygous females for Abcb7 with a maternally inherited mutant allele die embryonically, due to a defect in the extra-embryonic visceral endoderm, while heterozygous females with a paternally inherited mutant allele are viable (PubMed:16467350). The systemic and tissue-specific deletion of ABCB7 in most organs, including CNS and bone marrow, is lethal (PubMed:16467350). Conditionnal knockout in hepatocyte causes periportal hepatocellular iron deposition with characteristic round structures and leads to iron-dependent regulation of IRP1 protein (PubMed:16467350, PubMed:16424901).
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer. Interacts with C10orf88/PAAT (By similarity). Forms a complex with ABCB10 and FECH, where a dimeric FECH bridges ABCB7 and ABCB10 homodimers; this complex may be required for cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with FECH (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with ATP5F1A. Interacts with COX4I1; this interaction allows the regulation of cellular iron homeostasis and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cardiomyocytes (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ccnj
gene id: 10090:Ccnj
uniprot id: Q3TZI6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin J subfamily.

10090:S1pr1
gene id: 10090:S1pr1
uniprot id: O08530
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Embryonic lethality, due to impaired vascular maturation and defects in heart development. Embryos appear normal up to 11.5 dpc, but after that they display massive hemorrhage. They have a normally arborized vascular network, but present excessive sprouting angiogenesis and severe aberrations in vessel size. Their aorta and other arteries are not properly enveloped by vascular smooth muscle cells, causing hemorrhage. Likewise, small blood vessels show a marked reduction in the number of vascular pericytes. In addition, mutants display defects in heart morphogenesis, with reduced myocardial tissue and altered morphology of the heart wall and the trabeculae (PubMed:11032855, PubMed:14732704, PubMed:21668976, PubMed:22951644). At 12.5 dpc, mutant embryos also show a massive cell loss in the forebrain (PubMed:16314531). Conditional knockout in endothelial cells leads to the same vascular maturation defect as that seen in homozygous knockout mice (PubMed:12869509). Conditional knockout in fibroblasts leads to defects in chemotaxis, probably due to defects in the activation of SRC and PTK2/FAK1, resulting in defects in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and lamellipodia formation (PubMed:11726541). A T-cell-specific knockout leads to a defect in the egress of mature T-cells from the thymus into the periphery (PubMed:14737169). Conditional knockout in osteoclast precursors leads to osteoporosis, due to impaired migration of osteoclast precursors and increased osteoclast attachment to the bone (PubMed:19204730).
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in a wide variety of tissues with highest levels in brain, heart and spleen. Lower levels found in kidney, liver, lung, muscle, placenta, thymus, and uterus. Very low levels in intestine, stomach and testis. According to PubMed:9931453, expressed modestly in apparent endothelial cells surrounding some blood vessels (e.g. aortic trunk).
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for the bioactive lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) that seems to be coupled to the G(i) subclass of heteromeric G proteins. Signaling leads to the activation of RAC1, SRC, PTK2/FAK1 and MAP kinases. Plays an important role in cell migration, probably via its role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the formation of lamellipodia in response to stimuli that increase the activity of the sphingosine kinase SPHK1. Required for normal chemotaxis toward sphingosine 1-phosphate. Required for normal embryonic heart development and normal cardiac morphogenesis. Plays an important role in the regulation of sprouting angiogenesis and vascular maturation. Inhibits sprouting angiogenesis to prevent excessive sprouting during blood vessel development. Required for normal egress of mature T-cells from the thymus into the blood stream and into peripheral lymphoid organs. Plays a role in the migration of osteoclast precursor cells, the regulation of bone mineralization and bone homeostasis. Plays a role in responses to oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by pulmonary endothelial cells and in the protection against ventilator-induced lung injury.
messages: Interacts with GNAI1 and GNAI3.
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC5. Palmitoylation is required for targeting to plasma membrane, enabling G(i) coupling.
messages: caveola

10090:Arpc1a
gene id: 10090:Arpc1a
uniprot id: Q9R0Q6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ARPC1 family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable component of the Arp2/3 complex in which it may replace ARPC1B.
messages: Probably functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks (By similarity). In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tat
gene id: 10090:Tat
uniprot id: Q8QZR1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Transaminase involved in tyrosine breakdown. Converts tyrosine to p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. Can catalyze the reverse reaction, using glutamic acid, with 2-oxoglutarate as cosubstrate (in vitro). Has much lower affinity and transaminase activity for phenylalanine.

10090:Alg8
gene id: 10090:Alg8
uniprot id: Q6P8H8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Adds the second glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(1)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol before it is transferred to the nascent peptide (By similarity). Required for PKD1/Polycystin-1 maturation and localization to the plasma membrane of the primary cilia (PubMed:28375157).
messages: Belongs to the ALG6/ALG8 glucosyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Vps25
gene id: 10090:Vps25
uniprot id: A2A4J8
uniprot id: A2A4K0
uniprot id: Q9CQ80
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS25 family.
messages: Component of a complex at least composed of ELL, SNF8/EAP30, VPS25/EAP20 and VPS36/EAP45 (By similarity). Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II), composed of SNF8, VPS36 and 2 copies of VPS25. Interacts with CFTR; the interaction requires misfolded CFTR. Interacts (via C-terminal half) with the ESCRT-III subunit CHMP6 (via N-terminal half) (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. The MVB pathway mediates delivery of transmembrane proteins into the lumen of the lysosome for degradation. The ESCRT-II complex is probably involved in the recruitment of the ESCRT-III complex. The ESCRT-II complex may also play a role in transcription regulation, possibly via its interaction with ELL (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hnrnpm
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpm
uniprot id: Q9D0E1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Interacts with PPIA/CYPA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pre-mRNA binding protein in vivo, binds avidly to poly(G) and poly(U) RNA homopolymers in vitro. Involved in splicing. Acts as a receptor for carcinoembryonic antigen in Kupffer cells, may initiate a series of signaling events leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins and induction of IL-1 alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha cytokines (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:B3gnt6
gene id: 10090:B3gnt6
uniprot id: Q3USF0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that synthesizes the core 3 structure of the O-glycan, an important precursor in the biosynthesis of mucin-type glycoproteins. Plays an important role in the synthesis of mucin-type O-glycans in digestive organs.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane

10090:Kera
gene id: 10090:Kera
uniprot id: O35367
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class II subfamily.
messages: Binds keratan sulfate chains.
messages: May be important in developing and maintaining corneal transparency and for the structure of the stromal matrix.
messages: Selectively expressed in cornea of adult where it is detected in keratocytes but not in scleral cells. In embryo, first detected in periocular mesenchymal cells migrating toward developing cornea on 13.5 dpc; expression gradually restricted to corneal stromal cells on 14.5 to 18.5 dpc. Detected in scleral cells of 15.5 dpc but not in 18.5 dpc embryos.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ugt2b36
gene id: 10090:Ugt2b36
uniprot id: Q3UEP4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cst12
gene id: 10090:Cst12
uniprot id: Q9DAN8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Located at the very proximal caput epididymis (at protein level). Expressed in epididymis, Sertoli cells and testis. Also found to be weakly expressed in ovary and prostate.
messages: May play a specialized role in spermatogenesis.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cyp3a41a
gene id: 10090:Cyp3a41a
uniprot id: Q9JMA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Detected immediately after birth in the livers of animals of both sexes, but increases with age in females, whereas it is gradually reduced in males, resulting in predominantly female-specific expression in livers.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver. Also expressed in the kidneys of female mice, with traces in the stomach, ovary, and heart of female mice and in the testis of male mice.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Npr3
gene id: 10090:Npr3
uniprot id: P70180
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ANF receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Npr3 are the cause of a number of skeletal-overgrowth phenotypes, Longjohn (Lgj), Longjohn-2J (Lgj-2J) and Strigosus (Stri). These are all recessive conditions characterized by an elongated body, thoracic kyphosis, arachnodactyly, and sacral and/or tail kinks, but no significant changes in craniofacial structures (PubMed:10468599).
messages: Half of the mice dies before weaning. They display reduced ability to concentrate urine, a lower blood pressure, and skeletal abnormalities. Despite a reduced half-life of NPPA in the circulation, the plasma levels of NPPA and NPPB are not affected.
messages: Has low affinity for peptide hormones in the absence of bound chloride.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with OSTN (PubMed:17951249).
messages: Receptor for the natriuretic peptide hormones, binding with similar affinities atrial natriuretic peptide NPPA/ANP, brain natriuretic peptide NPPB/BNP, and C-type natriuretic peptide NPPC/CNP (PubMed:10377427, PubMed:17951249). May function as a clearance receptor for NPPA, NPPB and NPPC, regulating their local concentrations and effects (PubMed:10377427, PubMed:17951249). May regulate diuresis, blood pressure and skeletal development (PubMed:10377427). Does not have guanylate cyclase activity (PubMed:10377427).

10090:Dhrs7c
gene id: 10090:Dhrs7c
uniprot id: Q8CHS7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle (PubMed:21995425, PubMed:22143674, PubMed:27806939). Also expressed in liver, kidney, adipocytes and skin (PubMed:21995425, PubMed:22143674).
messages: In skeletal muscle, expressed in differentiated myotubes but not in undifferentiated myoblasts.
messages: Induced by all-trans-retinoic acid (at transcriptional level).
messages: NADH-dependent oxidoreductase which catalyzes the oxidation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-retinal (PubMed:21995425). Plays a role in the regulation of cardiac and skeletal muscle metabolic functions (PubMed:21995425, PubMed:27806939, PubMed:29330505) (Probable). Maintains Ca(2+) intracellular homeostasis by repressing Ca(2+) release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in myotubes, possibly through local alternations in NAD/NADH or retinol/retinal (PubMed:21995425). Also plays a role in Ca(2+) homeostasis by controlling Ca(2+) overload in the cytosol and the SR in myotubes (PubMed:27806939). Involved in glucose uptake into skeletal muscles and muscle performance by activating PI3K and mTORC2-mediated AKT1 phosphorylation signaling pathways, possibly through the action of its downstream catalytic product all-trans-retinoic acid (PubMed:29330505).
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The N-terminus region encompasses a short hydrophobic sequence bound to the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane, whereas the C-terminus catalytic domain faces the myoplasm.

10090:Klk7
gene id: 10090:Klk7
uniprot id: Q91VE3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Expressed in skin and, at lower levels, in lung, kidney, brain, heart and spleen. In skin, expressed in high suprabasal keratinocytes and in the luminal parts of hair follicles. Not detected in liver and skeletal muscle.
messages: Inhibited by Zn2+ and Cu2+ at low micromolar concentrations. Inhibited by SERPINA12 (By similarity).
messages: May catalyze the degradation of intercellular cohesive structures in the cornified layer of the skin in the continuous shedding of cells from the skin surface. Specific for amino acid residues with aromatic side chains in the P1 position. Cleaves insulin A chain at '14-Tyr-|-Gln-15' and insulin B chain at '6-Leu-|-Cys-7', '16-Tyr-|-Leu-17', '25-Phe-|-Tyr-26' and '26-Tyr-|-Thr-27'. Could play a role in the activation of precursors to inflammatory cytokines.
messages: Secreted

10090:Stk17b
gene id: 10090:Stk17b
uniprot id: Q8BG48
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a positive regulator of apoptosis. Phosphorylates myosin light chains (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. DAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Interacts with CHP1; the interaction induces CHP1 to translocate from the Golgi to the nucleus.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ubxn10
gene id: 10090:Ubxn10
uniprot id: Q8BG34
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UBXN10 family.
messages: Interacts with CLUAP1; the interaction is direct and mediates interaction with the intraflagellar transport complex B (IFT-B). Interacts with VCP; the interaction is direct.
messages: VCP/p97-binding protein required for ciliogenesis. Acts as a tethering factor that facilitates recruitment of VCP/p97 to the intraflagellar transport complex B (IFT-B) in cilia. UBX domain-containing proteins act as tethering factors for VCP/p97 and may specify substrate specificity of VCP/p97.
messages: cilium

10090:Gpr18
gene id: 10090:Gpr18
uniprot id: Q8K1Z6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in the eye including cornea, retina, iris and ciliary epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:23461720). Expressed in spleen, liver and lymphocytes with highest expression levels in intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (PubMed:25348153, PubMed:26197390).
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:26197390). However, reduced number of CD8alphaalpha gammadeltaT IELs has been reported (PubMed:25348153).
messages: Receptor for endocannabinoid N-arachidonyl glycine (NAGly) (By similarity). However, conflicting results about the role of NAGly as an agonist are reported (PubMed:23104136). Can also be activated by plant-derived and synthetic cannabinoid agonists (By similarity). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase (By similarity). May contribute to regulation of the immune system (By similarity). Is required for normal homeostasis of CD8+ subsets of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) (CD8alphaalpha and CD8alphabeta IELs) in small intstine by supporting preferential migration of CD8alphaalpha T-cells to intraepithelial compartment over lamina propria compartment, and by mediating their reconstitution into small intestine after bone marrow transplant (PubMed:25348153, PubMed:26197390). Plays a role in hypotensive responses, mediating reduction in intraocular and blood pressure (PubMed:23461720, PubMed:27893106). Mediates NAGly-induced process of reorganization of actin filaments and induction of acrosomal exocytosis (By similarity).

10090:Tas2r108
gene id: 10090:Tas2r108
uniprot id: Q9JKT3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed in 15% taste bud cells in circumvallate and foliate papillae but only in 2% in fungiform papillae.
messages: Gustducin-coupled receptor for denatonium and N(6)-propyl-2-thiouracil implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5. In airway epithelial cells, binding of denatonium increases the intracellular calcium ion concentration and stimulates ciliary beat frequency (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Cep104
gene id: 10090:Cep104
uniprot id: Q80V31
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CCP110 and CEP97. Interacts with ARMC9, TOGARAM1, CCDC66 and CSPP1.
messages: Required for ciliogenesis and for structural integrity at the ciliary tip.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: spindle pole

10090:Pla2g4b
gene id: 10090:Pla2g4b
uniprot id: B7ZCM8
uniprot id: P0C871
uniprot id: Q06G06
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by cytosolic Ca(2+) in the presence of cardiolipin. Activated by phosphoinositides. Inhibited by electrophilic ketone inhibitors.
messages: Calcium-dependent phospholipase A1 and A2 and lysophospholipase that may play a role in membrane phospholipid remodeling. Cleaves the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached to the sn-1 or sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 and A2 activity, respectively), producing lysophospholipids that may be used in deacylation-reacylation cycles. The PLA1 versus PLA2 activity ratio appears to depend on the phospholipid headgroup, with mainly PLA2 activity toward anionic phospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerols. Hydrolyzes with high efficiency lysophospholipids enabling complete deacylation.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Most tissues also express read-through transcripts from this gene into the upstream gene (Jmjd7), some of which may encode fusion proteins.
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding.
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Stat5a
gene id: 10090:Stat5a
uniprot id: B2C3G8
uniprot id: P42230
uniprot id: Q3UZ79
uniprot id: Q9JIA0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.
messages: Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. May mediate cellular responses to activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Regulates the expression of milk proteins during lactation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related family member. Interacts with NCOA1 and SOCS7 (By similarity). Binds NR3C1 (PubMed:9528750). Interacts with ERBB4 (PubMed:10508857, PubMed:16837552). Interacts with EBF4 (By similarity).
messages: ISGylated.
messages: In the virgin, found in most tissues except brain and muscle. During lactation, abundantly found in mammary tissue, as well as in other secretory organs such as salivary gland and seminal vesicle.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to KITLG/SCF, IL2, IL3, IL7, IL15, CSF2/GMCSF, GH1, PRL, EPO and THPO (PubMed:16837552). Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation on tyrosine residues and subsequent translocation to the nucleus (PubMed:21135090). Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to constitutively activated FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4 (By similarity). Tyrosine phosphorylation is required for DNA-binding activity and dimerization (PubMed:7720707). Serine phosphorylation is also required for maximal transcriptional activity (By similarity). Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to signaling via activated FLT3; wild-type FLT3 results in much weaker phosphorylation than constitutively activated mutant FLT3 (PubMed:11090077, PubMed:21262971). Alternatively, can be phosphorylated by JAK2 at Tyr-694 (By similarity).

10090:Zfp781
gene id: 10090:Zfp781
uniprot id: Q0P5U5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Utp3
gene id: 10090:Utp3
uniprot id: Q9JI13
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SAS10 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Detected mainly in subsets of neuronal cells of the brain. In the 17.5 dpc embryo, mainly expressed in the olfactory bulb and cerebral cortex. Postnatally, additionally expressed in the cerebellar cortex, most strongly in the hippocampus.
messages: Essential for gene silencing: has a role in the structure of silenced chromatin. Plays a role in the developing brain. Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome (By similarity).
messages: Expressed throughout development.
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, composed of more than 70 proteins and the RNA chaperone small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) U3.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Or5ak4
gene id: 10090:Or5ak4
uniprot id: Q7TRA2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Wrnip1
gene id: 10090:Wrnip1
uniprot id: Q91XU0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. RarA/MGS1/WRNIP1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Forms homooligomers, possibly octamers. Directly interacts with POLD1, POLD2 and POLD4 (By similarity). Interacts with the N-terminal domain of WRN (By similarity). Interacts (via UBZ4-type zinc finger) with monoubiquitin and polyubiquitin. Interacts with TRIM14 and PPP6C; these interactions positively regulate the RIGI signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Functions as a modulator of initiation or reinitiation events during DNA polymerase delta-mediated DNA synthesis. In the presence of ATP, stimulation of DNA polymerase delta-mediated DNA synthesis is decreased. Also plays a role in the innate immune defense against viruses. Stabilizes the RIGI dsRNA interaction and promotes RIGI 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. In turn, RIGI transmits the signal through mitochondrial MAVS.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1 and SUMO2/3.
messages: The UBZ4-type zinc finger binds ubiquitin.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Scaf8
gene id: 10090:Scaf8
uniprot id: Q6DID3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Anti-terminator protein required to prevent early mRNA termination during transcription. Together with SCAF4, acts by suppressing the use of early, alternative poly(A) sites, thereby preventing the accumulation of non-functional truncated proteins. Mechanistically, associates with the phosphorylated C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit (POLR2A), and subsequently binds nascent RNA upstream of early polyadenylation sites to prevent premature mRNA transcript cleavage and polyadenylation. Independently of SCAF4, also acts as a positive regulator of transcript elongation.
messages: Interacts with POLR2A; via C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) phosphorylated at 'Ser-2' and 'Ser-5' (PubMed:9528809). Identified in a complex with CDC5L and other spliceosomal proteins (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus matrix

10090:Col25a1
gene id: 10090:Col25a1
uniprot id: Q99MQ5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed predominantly in neurons with low levels also detected in heart, testis and eye.
messages: Forms homodimers and homotrimers. Binds to the fibrillized forms of amyloid-beta protein 40 (beta-APP40) and amyloid-betad protein 42 (beta-APP42). Found associated with beta-APP42 more frequently than with beta-APP40 (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Hydroxylated on proline and lysine residues.
messages: Inhibits fibrillization of amyloid-beta peptide during the elongation phase. Has also been shown to assemble amyloid fibrils into protease-resistant aggregates. Binds heparin (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Undergoes proteolytic cleavage by furin protease to yield the soluble collagen-like Alzheimer amyloid plaque component.

10090:Edn1
gene id: 10090:Edn1
uniprot id: P22387
uniprot id: Q544E0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the endothelin/sarafotoxin family.
messages: Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptides (By similarity). Probable ligand for G-protein coupled receptors EDNRA and EDNRB which activates PTK2B, BCAR1, BCAR3 and, GTPases RAP1 and RHOA cascade in glomerular mesangial cells (By similarity). Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor (PubMed:16293765).
messages: Expression in lung is low at 17.5 dpc fetal mice and increases progressively into adulthood.
messages: Highest expression in the adult is in lung. Lower levels found in heart, kidney, brain and intestine. In the embryo, expressed in outer and inner pharyngeal arch surfaces. Also expressed in endothelium of dorsal aorta and arch arteries, and in epithelium of pharyngeal pouches.
messages: Secreted

10090:Myoz3
gene id: 10090:Myoz3
uniprot id: E9QJU4
uniprot id: Q8R4E4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the myozenin family.
messages: Expressed specifically in skeletal muscle and is enriched in fast-twitch muscle fibers. Not detected in heart.
messages: Interacts with ACTN2, LDB3, FLNC, PPP3CA and TCAP.
messages: Myozenins may serve as intracellular binding proteins involved in linking Z line proteins such as alpha-actinin, gamma-filamin, TCAP/telethonin, LDB3/ZASP and localizing calcineurin signaling to the sarcomere. Plays an important role in the modulation of calcineurin signaling. May play a role in myofibrillogenesis.
messages: Z line

10090:Tssk1
gene id: 10090:Tssk1
uniprot id: Q61241
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-174, potentially by autophosphorylation.
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TSSK2 (PubMed:10781952). Interacts with HSP90; this interaction stabilizes TSSK1 (PubMed:23599433).
messages: Male mice lacking Tssk1b and Tssk2 are sterile due to haploinsufficiency. chimeras show failure to form elongated spermatids, apoptosis of spermatocytes and spermatids, and the appearance of numerous round cells in the epididymal lumen. Elongating spermatids possess a collapsed mitochondrial sheath.
messages: Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) were both present in the kinase buffer but Mg(2+) is likely to be the in vivo cofactor.
messages: Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase required during spermatid development (PubMed:20053632, PubMed:23599433). Phosphorylates 'Ser-281' of TSKS (PubMed:20053632). Involved in the late stages of spermatogenesis, during the reconstruction of the cytoplasm (PubMed:20053632). During spermatogenesis, required for the transformation of a ring-shaped structure around the base of the flagellum originating from the chromatoid body (PubMed:20053632).
messages: Testis-specific. Expressed only in postmeiotic spermatids at the final stages of cytodifferentiation in the seminiferous tubules (at protein level). Not detected in released sperms in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules and the epididymis.
messages: Ubiquitinated; HSP90 activity negatively regulates ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: acrosome
messages: flagellum

10090:Scg2
gene id: 10090:Scg2
uniprot id: Q03517
uniprot id: Q4W8U9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the chromogranin/secretogranin protein family.
messages: Binds calcium with a low-affinity.
messages: Interacts with Secretogranin III/SCG3.
messages: Neuroendocrine protein of the granin family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nup210l
gene id: 10090:Nup210l
uniprot id: Q9D2F7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NUP210 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tll1
gene id: 10090:Tll1
uniprot id: G3X9F5
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Foxn4
gene id: 10090:Foxn4
uniprot id: Q8K3Q3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Animals display early postnatal lethality, while survivors exhibit noticeable body size reduction starting at P8. At P8 and P20, retinas are reduced in thickness with the inner nuclear layer, inner plexiform layer and ganglion cell layer much thinner than in wild type and lack horizontal cells as well as amacrine cells. In lungs, mutants show dilated alveoli with thin walls.
messages: Expressed in both neural and non-neural tissues of the embryo. In the nervous system, its expression is detected only in a few selected central nervous system tissues including the midbrain, hindbrain, spinal cord and retina while absent from the peripheral nervous system. At about 9.5 dpc-10.5 dpc, commences its expression in the dorsal mesenphalon, ventral rhombencephalon and ventral spinal cord. In the spinal cord, is found in p2 progenitor cells but not in mature V2a and V2b cells, in other interneuron subtypes or in motoneurons. The expression in the brain and spinal cord becomes weak at 12.5 dpc and disappears by 13.5 dpc. In the central eye, expression starts in the central retina at 11.5 dpc, then gradually becomes abundant in the entire retinal outer neuroblastic layer by 13.5 dpc, but is absent from the inner neuroblastic layer. Starting from P1 and by P7, the expression in the retina gradually disappears from the center to the periphery. In airway system, expression turns on at 14.5 dpc in a small set of cells in the epithelia of the trachea and esophagus, then spreads to the epithelia of bronchi and bronchioles by 15.5 dpc, the expression persists until at least P8 (at protein level).
messages: Mainly expressed in proliferator progenitor cells in brain and retina rather than differentiated cells. In contrast, is expressed only in postmitotic epithelial cells rather than in proliferative progenitors in the proximal airway.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor essential for neural and some non-neural tissues development, such as retina and lung respectively. Binds to an 11-bp consensus sequence containing the invariant tetranucleotide 5'-ACGC-3'. During development of the central nervous system, is required to specify the amacrine and horizontal cell fates from multipotent retinal progenitors while suppressing the alternative photoreceptor cell fates through activating DLL4-NOTCH signaling. Also acts synergistically with ASCL1/MASH1 to activate DLL4-NOTCH signaling and drive commitment of p2 progenitors to the V2b interneuron fates during spinal cord neurogenesis. In development of non-neural tissues, plays an essential role in the specification of the atrioventricular canal and is indirectly required for patterning the distal airway during lung development.

10090:Clec2d
gene id: 10090:Clec2d
uniprot id: Q91V08
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Constitutively expressed in bone marrow cells. Down-regulated by treatment with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Up-regulated in calvarial osteoblast cells by IL-1alpha, IL11, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3.
messages: Detected in fetal heart, brain, lung, chondrocytes, perichondrium and osteoblasts, and in adult splenocytes, thymocytes, lymph-node cells, osteoblasts, growth plate chondrocytes and skeletal muscle overlying the bone (at protein level). Ubiquitous. Detected in thymus, bone marrow, lung, gut, heart, skeletal muscle, ovary, spleen, ileum, liver and kidney.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Receptor for KLRB1B that protects target cells against natural killer cell-mediated lysis (PubMed:14990792, PubMed:16751398). Inhibits osteoclast formation (PubMed:11278931, PubMed:12374791). Binds high molecular weight sulfated glycosaminoglycans (PubMed:15123656).

10090:Usp44
gene id: 10090:Usp44
uniprot id: Q8C2S0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP44 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dephosphorylated by CTDP1.
messages: Deubiquitinase that plays a key regulatory role in the spindle assembly checkpoint or mitotic checkpoint by preventing premature anaphase onset (PubMed:23187126). Acts by specifically mediating deubiquitination of CDC20, a negative regulator of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Deubiquitination of CDC20 leads to stabilize the MAD2L1-CDC20-APC/C ternary complex (also named mitotic checkpoint complex), thereby preventing premature activation of the APC/C. Promotes association of MAD2L1 with CDC20 and reinforces the spindle assembly checkpoint. Promotes also the deubiquitination of histone H2A and H2B. Recruited to RNF8/RNF168-ubiquitinated chromatin surrounding double stranded breaks (DSBs), promotes hydrolysis of such ubiquitin conjugates, thus negatively regulating protein recruitment to damaged chromatin (By similarity). Participates in nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway by deubiquitinating DDB2 to prevent its premature degradation so it can remain on damaged chromatin (PubMed:23187126). Promotes FOXP3 stabilization through 'Lys-48'-linked deubiquitination leading to increased stability and increased regulatory T-cell lineage stability. Plays also a positive role in innate immune response to DNA viruses by deubiquitinating STING1, selectively removing its 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains and stabilizing it (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the N-CoR components TBL1X and TBL1XR1.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: USP44-deficient mice show a significant increase in skin tumors when compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:33937266). In addition, they are prone to development of spontaneous tumors, particularly in the lungs (PubMed:23187126). USP44 loss causes also chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy (PubMed:23187126).
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and is degraded by the proteasome.
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in lung, pancreas, skin, liver, stomach and intestine.

10090:Otop2
gene id: 10090:Otop2
uniprot id: Q80SX5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the otopetrin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at higher level in stomach, testis and olfactory bulb.
messages: Proton-selective channel that specifically transports protons into cells. Proton-selective channel activity is probably required in cell types that use changes in intracellular pH for cell signaling or to regulate biochemical or developmental processes.

10090:Ntng1
gene id: 10090:Ntng1
uniprot id: Q8R4G0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the midbrain and the hindbrain regions as early as 12 dpc. In the deep nucleus of the cerebellum, as well as in the inferior colliculus and the thalamic regions, expression is detected at 14 dpc, persists to postnatal day 1 and is down-regulated by postnatal day 12. At 14 dpc, expression is segmented in dorsal thalamus and pretectum in the midbrain and is regulated in a layer-specific manner in the superior colliculus. In the olfactory bulb, expression is detected at 14 dpc, increases by postnatal day 1 and is maintained at a high level through postnatal day 21 and into adulthood.
messages: Expression is restricted primarily to neurons of the CNS, particularly in the dorsal thalamus, olfactory bulb and inferior colliculus. Isoform 1A and isoform 1D are the major products in adult brain.
messages: Involved in controlling patterning and neuronal circuit formation at the laminar, cellular, subcellular and synaptic levels. Promotes neurite outgrowth of both axons and dendrites.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The laminin N-terminal domain mediates 1:1 binding to NGL ligand with sub-micromolar affinity. Three NGL-binding loops mediate discrimination for LRRC4C/NGL1 among other NGLs by binding specifically to its LRR repeats. This specificity drives the sorting of a mixed population of molecules into discrete cell surface subdomains (By similarity).

10090:Vgf
gene id: 10090:Vgf
uniprot id: Q0VGU4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with HSPA8 on cell membrane (By similarity). Interacts with C3AR1 (PubMed:25456411). Interacts with C1QBP (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in the control of body fluid homeostasis by regulating vasopressin release. Activates GABAergic interneurons which are inhibitory neurons of the nervous system and thereby suppresses presynaptic glutamatergic neurons (By similarity). Stimulates also feeding behavior in an orexin-dependent manner in the hypothalamus (By similarity). Functions as a positive regulator for the activation of orexin neurons resulting in elevated gastric acid secretion and gastric emptying (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in the control of body fluid homeostasis by regulating vasopressin release. Suppresses presynaptic glutamatergic neurons connected to vasopressin neurons.
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of memory formation and depression-related behaviors potentially by influencing synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. Induces acute and transient activation of the NTRK2/TRKB receptor and subsequent CREB phosphorylation (PubMed:26180209, PubMed:30504797). Induces also insulin secretion in insulinoma cells by increasing intracellular calcium mobilization (PubMed:25917832).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted multifunctional peptide that interacts with different receptors and thereby plays multiple physiological roles including modulation of energy expenditure, pain, response to stress, gastric regulation as well as lipolysis (PubMed:22289198, PubMed:25456411). Activates the G-protein-coupled receptor C3AR1 via a folding-upon-binding mechanism leading to enhanced lipolysis in adipocytes (PubMed:25456411). Interacts with gC1qR receptor in macrophages and microglia causing increased levels of intracellular calcium and hypersensitivity (By similarity).
messages: Secreted polyprotein that is packaged and proteolytically processed by prohormone convertases PCSK1 and PCSK2 in a cell-type-specific manner (By similarity). VGF and peptides derived from its processing play many roles in neurogenesis and neuroplasticity associated with learning, memory, depression and chronic pain (PubMed:19863797, PubMed:26180209, PubMed:30504797).
messages: VGF-deficiency produces a lean, hypermetabolic mouse that is resistant to diet and genetically-induced obesity.
messages: secretory vesicle

10090:Slc46a2
gene id: 10090:Slc46a2
uniprot id: Q8CA03
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. SLC46A family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated by the anti-inflammatory drug methotrexate.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed on cortical epithelial cells in the thymus. Mainly expressed in the thymic cortex and is highly enriched in SCID thymus. Also expressed in lymph nodes, heart, fetal liver, brain, spleen, intestine and kidney, but not in adult liver, skin, skeletal muscle and lung. Expressed in skin epidermis.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Highly expressed during fetal thymus development and decreases after day 16.
messages: Mutant mice are resistant to psoriatic inflammation.
messages: Proton-coupled transporter that delivers pathogen-associated or danger-associated molecular patterns to cytosolic pattern recognition receptors as part of the innate immune response to microbes or tissue injury (PubMed:28539433, PubMed:34235268, PubMed:37116499). Has selectivity toward muropeptides that contain the amino acid diaminopimelic acid (DAP-type peptidoglycan muropeptides) including Tri-DAP and tracheal toxin (TCT), common in Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacilli. In the context of immune recognition of skin microbiota, shuttles bacterial muropeptides across the endolysosomal membranes into the cytosol for recognition by NOD1, triggering MYD88-dependent secretion of IL1A and neutrophil recruitment in a pyroptosis-type inflammatory process (PubMed:28539433, PubMed:37116499). To a lesser extent and redundantly, transports muramyl dipeptides derived from most bacterial proteoglycans, eliciting NOD2 receptor activation and downstream inflammatory responses (PubMed:28539433). Postulated to function as an importer of cyclic GMP-AMP dinucleotides (cGAMPs) in monocyte and macrophage cell lineages. Selectively imports cGAMPs derived from pathogenic bacteria such as 3'3'-cGAMP thus providing for differential immune recognition of pathogenic versus commensal bacteria. During tumorigenesis may transport extracellular tumor-derived 2'3'-cGAMP across the plasma membrane of M1-polarized macrophages to activate the anti-tumoral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway (PubMed:34235268). The transport mechanism, its electrogenicity and stoichiometry remain to be elucidated (Probable).

10090:Desi1
gene id: 10090:Desi1
uniprot id: Q9CQT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DeSI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Interacts with UBQLN4; leading to the export of UBQLN4 from the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protease which deconjugates SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from some substrate proteins (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Has isopeptidase but not SUMO-processing activity (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Desumoylates ZBTB46 (PubMed:22370726). Collaborates with UBQLN4 in the export of ubiquitinated proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (By similarity).

10090:Arrdc4
gene id: 10090:Arrdc4
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1F4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the arrestin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Early endosome
messages: Functions as an adapter recruiting ubiquitin-protein ligases to their specific substrates (PubMed:27462458). Plays a role in endocytosis of activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) (By similarity). Through an ubiquitination-dependent mechanism also plays a role in the incorporation of SLC11A2 into extracellular vesicles (PubMed:27462458). May play a role in glucose uptake (By similarity). Participates in innate immune response by promoting IFIH1/MDA5 activation through interaction with TRIM65 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with ADRB2. Interacts (via PPxY motifs) with ITCH, NEDD4L and WWP2. Interacts with AVPR2. Identified in a complex containing at least ARRDC4, AVPR2 and HGS (By similarity). Interacts with SLC11A2; controls the incorporation of SLC11A2 into extracellular vesicles through an ubiquitination-dependent mechanism (PubMed:27462458). Interacts with TRIM65 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated by high iron diet.

10090:Plekhb2
gene id: 10090:Plekhb2
uniprot id: Q9QZC7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highly expressed at birth and up to day 3; expressed at lower levels in embryo and adult.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, retina, heart and kidney. Detected at lower levels in lung, muscle and nerve.
messages: Involved in retrograde transport of recycling endosomes.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The PH domain specifically binds phosphatidylserine, which is enriched in recycling endosome membranes, it doesn't recognize PIPs.

10090:Map2k6
gene id: 10090:Map2k6
uniprot id: P70236
uniprot id: Q543Z5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by dual phosphorylation on Ser-207 and Thr-211 in response to a variety of cellular stresses, including UV radiation, osmotic shock, hypoxia, inflammatory cytokines, interferon gamma (IFNG), and less often by growth factors. MAP2K6/MKK6 is activated by the majority of M3Ks, such as MAP3K5/ASK1, MAP3K1/MEKK1, MAP3K2/MEKK2, MAP3K3/MEKK3, MAP3K4/MEKK4, MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP3K11/MLK3 and MAP3K17/TAOK2.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dimer. Interacts (via its D domain) with its substrates MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14. Interacts (via its DVD domain) with MAP3Ks activators like MAP3K5/ASK1, MAP3K1/MEKK1, MAP3K2/MEKK2, MAP3K3/MEKK3, MAP3K4/MEKK4, MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP3K11/MLK3 and MAP3K17/TAOK2. Interacts with DCTN1. Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR.
messages: Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. With MAP3K3/MKK3, catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in the MAP kinases p38 MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14 and plays an important role in the regulation of cellular responses to cytokines and all kinds of stresses. Especially, MAP2K3/MKK3 and MAP2K6/MKK6 are both essential for the activation of MAPK11 and MAPK13 induced by environmental stress, whereas MAP2K6/MKK6 is the major MAPK11 activator in response to TNF. MAP2K6/MKK6 also phosphorylates and activates PAK6. The p38 MAP kinase signal transduction pathway leads to direct activation of transcription factors. Nuclear targets of p38 MAP kinase include the transcription factors ATF2 and ELK1. Within the p38 MAPK signal transduction pathway, MAP3K6/MKK6 mediates phosphorylation of STAT4 through MAPK14 activation, and is therefore required for STAT4 activation and STAT4-regulated gene expression in response to IL-12 stimulation. The pathway is also crucial for IL-6-induced SOCS3 expression and down-regulation of IL-6-mediated gene induction; and for IFNG-dependent gene transcription. Has a role in osteoclast differentiation through NF-kappa-B transactivation by TNFSF11, and in endochondral ossification and since SOX9 is another likely downstream target of the p38 MAPK pathway. MAP2K6/MKK6 mediates apoptotic cell death in thymocytes. Acts also as a regulator for melanocytes dendricity, through the modulation of Rho family GTPases.
messages: MSAPK14 can negatively regulate the stability of the MAP2K6/MKK6 mRNA and thus control the steady-state concentration of one of its upstream activator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The D domain (residues 4-19) contains a conserved docking site and is required for the binding to MAPK substrates.
messages: The DVD domain (residues 311-334) contains a conserved docking site and is found in the mammalian MAP kinase kinases (MAP2Ks). The DVD sites bind to their specific upstream MAP kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks) and are essential for activation (By similarity).
messages: Weakly autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated at Ser-207 and Thr-211 by the majority of M3Ks, such as MAP3K5/ASK1, MAP3K1/MEKK1, MAP3K2/MEKK2, MAP3K3/MEKK3, MAP3K4/MEKK4, MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP3K11/MLK3 and MAP3K17/TAOK2.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Camk2a
gene id: 10090:Camk2a
uniprot id: P11798
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Binding of calmodulin results in conformational change that relieves intrasteric autoinhibition and allows autophosphorylation of Thr-286 which turns the kinase in a constitutively active form and confers to the kinase a Ca(2+)-independent activity.
messages: Autophosphorylation of Thr-286 following activation by Ca(2+)/calmodulin. Phosphorylation of Thr-286 locks the kinase into an activated state.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.
messages: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that functions autonomously after Ca(2+)/calmodulin-binding and autophosphorylation, and is involved in various processes, such as synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter release and long-term potentiation (By similarity). Member of the NMDAR signaling complex in excitatory synapses, it regulates NMDAR-dependent potentiation of the AMPAR and therefore excitatory synaptic transmission (By similarity). Regulates dendritic spine development (By similarity). Also regulates the migration of developing neurons (By similarity). Phosphorylates the transcription factor FOXO3 to activate its transcriptional activity (PubMed:23805378). Phosphorylates the transcription factor ETS1 in response to calcium signaling, thereby decreasing ETS1 affinity for DNA (PubMed:15994560). In response to interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) stimulation, catalyzes phosphorylation of STAT1, stimulating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (By similarity). In response to interferon-beta (IFN-beta) stimulation, stimulates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)-mediated synaptic signaling via modulation of DAGLA activity (PubMed:23502535).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle.
messages: Has no kinase activity.
messages: Palmitoylated. Probably palmitoylated by ZDHHC3 and ZDHHC7.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Synapse
messages: There are 4 genes encoding calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II chains: CAMK2A, CAMK2B, CAMK2G and CAMK2D. The corresponding proteins assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 12 subunits with two hexameric rings stacked one on top of the other (By similarity). Interacts with BAALC. Interacts with MPDZ. Interacts with SYN1. Interacts with CAMK2N2. Interacts with SYNGAP1. Interacts with SYNPO2 (By similarity). Interacts with SHANK3. Interacts with GRIN2B. Interacts with CACNB2. Interacts with LRRC7. Interacts with GRM5 (By similarity). Interacts with DAGLA (via C-terminal); this interaction is enhanced by autophosphorylation of CAMK2A at Thr-286 (PubMed:23502535). Interacts with CAMK2N1; this interaction requires CAMK2A activation by Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Or5aq1b
gene id: 10090:Or5aq1b
uniprot id: A2AVB8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cmtm1
gene id: 10090:Cmtm1
uniprot id: B7ZP21
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Smgc
gene id: 10090:Smgc
uniprot id: Q6JHY2
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in terminal tubule cells of the submandibular gland (at protein level). Expressed in submandibular salivary glands of 3-day-old males but not adults. Expression in adult submandibular glands is restricted to females. Isoform 5 is expressed in both 3-day-old and adult sublingual glands.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rbp2
gene id: 10090:Rbp2
uniprot id: Q059R7
uniprot id: Q08652
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in prenatal liver, intestine and lung, and in adult intestine.
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior.
messages: Intracellular transport of retinol.

10090:Rnase11
gene id: 10090:Rnase11
uniprot id: Q5GAM9
uniprot id: W0UVF9
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: In contrast to other members of the family, lacks the conserved His active site in position 75, suggesting it is inactive.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fgf12
gene id: 10090:Fgf12
uniprot id: A0A338P752
uniprot id: A0A7U3JW65
uniprot id: P61329
uniprot id: Q3UFZ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal region of SCN9A.
messages: Involved in nervous system development and function. Promote neuronal excitability by elevating the voltage dependence of neuronal sodium channel SCN8A fast inactivation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or2t29
gene id: 10090:Or2t29
uniprot id: M9MMK5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfml2b
gene id: 10090:Olfml2b
uniprot id: Q3V1G4
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Broadly expressed. Within the eye, present in ganglion cells, inner nuclear layers, inner segment of photoreceptor layers and retinal pigment epithelium (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer. Binds to heparin and chondroitin sulfate E.
messages: O-glycosylated and N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fign
gene id: 10090:Fign
uniprot id: Q9ERZ6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent microtubule severing protein. Severs microtubules along their length and depolymerizes their ends, primarily the minus-end, suppressing microtubule growth from and attachment to centrosomes. Microtubule severing may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. Microtubule release from the mitotic spindle poles may allow depolymerization of the microtubule end proximal to the spindle pole, leading to poleward microtubule flux and poleward motion of chromosome (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Defects in Fign are characterized by a side-to-side head-shaking and circling behavior, due to reduced or absent semicircular canals. Diseased mice also have small eyes, associated with cell-cycle delay and insufficient growth of the retinal neural epithelium, and lower penetrance skeletal abnormalities, including pelvic girdle dysgenesis, skull bone fusions and polydactyly.
messages: Expression begins in the embryo at 8.5 dpc. Oocyst, optic cup and pelvic anlage show strongest expression. At 10.5 dpc, expression concentrated in epithelial cells of the dorso-lateral, posterior and anterior otocyst wall. Expression in the eye is found fairly evenly throughout the retinal neural epithelium, with some enrichment in the inner retina where cells begin their differentiation to form retinal ganglion cells. Some expression is seen in the lens pit and in the cell layer that will become the pigment epithelium. At 11.5 dpc, when the superior semicircular canal has begun to form from the posterior otocyst, much of the expression is concentrated there, although there is also expression in the part of the otocyst that will form the lateral or horizontal canal. Strong expression was also seen in the acoustic ganglia and cochlea. In the eye the expression pattern is similar to that found in 10.5 dpc except that expression is concentrated in the retinal ganglion layer. As the lens vesicle forms and matures at 13 dpc, expression is also seen in the anterior wall of the lens, but persists throughout the neural retina, especially in the peripheral retina where cells are still differentiating.
messages: FIGN and AKAP8 double mutant mice die soon after birth due to cleft palate.
messages: Interacts with AKAP8 (via C-terminus).
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: centrosome

10090:Trnp1
gene id: 10090:Trnp1
uniprot id: Q80ZI1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: DNA-binding factor that regulates the expression of a subset of genes and plays a key role in tangential, radial, and lateral expansion of the brain neocortex. Regulates neural stem cells proliferation and the production of intermediate neural progenitors and basal radial glial cells affecting the process of cerebral cortex gyrification. May control the proliferation rate of cells by regulating their progression through key cell-cycle transition points.
messages: Expressed in brain and kidney (at protein level). Also detected in spleen and intestine.
messages: Expression is highly restricted to the phase of neurogenesis with high levels in all cells in the ventricular zone (VZ) at 10 dpc. Expression disappears at the end of neurogenesis (18 dpc). However, it remains present in a specific adult neurogenic region with the highest amplification and neuronal output, the subependymal zone of the lateral ventricle from where newborn neurons migrate to the olfactory bulb (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with TMF1; may regulate TRNP1 proteasomal degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Svil
gene id: 10090:Svil
uniprot id: Q3TTX5
uniprot id: Q8K4L3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As opposed to other villin-type headpiece domains, supervillin HP (SVHP) doesn't bind F-actin due to the absence of a conformationally flexible region (V-loop).
messages: Associates with F-actin (By similarity). Interacts with NEB (By similarity). Interacts with MYH9 (By similarity). Interacts with MYLK (By similarity). Interacts with TASOR (PubMed:31112734).
messages: Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Expressed in the heart, tongue and granular cells within the cerebellum.
messages: Forms a high-affinity link between the actin cytoskeleton and the membrane. Is among the first costameric proteins to assemble during myogenesis and it contributes to myogenic membrane structure and differentiation. Appears to be involved in myosin II assembly. May modulate myosin II regulation through MLCK during cell spreading, an initial step in cell migration. May play a role in invadopodial function.
messages: Interacts with TRIP6 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLT1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIF14; at midbody during cytokinesis (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in modulation of focal adhesions. Supervillin-mediated down-regulation of focal adhesions involves binding to TRIP6. Plays a role in cytokinesis through KIF14 interaction (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: invadopodium
messages: podosome

10090:Rasl2-9
gene id: 10090:Rasl2-9
uniprot id: A6H622
uniprot id: Q61820
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.
messages: GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport (By similarity). Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export (By similarity). Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle (By similarity).
messages: GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis specific.

10090:Lypd1
gene id: 10090:Lypd1
uniprot id: Q8BLC3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Believed to act as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity. In vitro increases receptor desensitization and decreases affinity for ACh of alpha-4:beta-2-containing nAChRs (PubMed:19246390). May play a role in the intracellular trafficking of alpha-4:beta-2 and alpha-7-containing nAChRs and may inhibit their expression at the cell surface (PubMed:26276394, PubMed:25716842). May be involved in the control of anxiety (PubMed:19246390).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Increased anxiety-like behaviors. Increased glutamatergic activity in response to nicotine in layer V neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex.
messages: Interacts with CHRNA4 and nAChRs containing alpha-4:beta-2 (CHRNA4:CHRNB2) and alpha-7 (CHRNA7) subunits.
messages: Preferentially expressed in the nervous system. Expressed in embryonic and postnatal postmitotic central and peripheral neurons including subpopulations of motor neurons, sensory neurons, interneurons and neurons of the autonomous nervous system. Expressed around the growing nerves in the limb bud (PubMed:16236524). Expressed at high levels in specific brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, mediodorsal thalamus, dentate gyrus and specific brainstem nuclei (at protein level) (PubMed:19246390).

10090:Ass1
gene id: 10090:Ass1
uniprot id: P16460
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by CLOCK in a circadian manner which negatively regulates its enzyme activity. Deacetylated by histone deacetylases.
messages: Belongs to the argininosuccinate synthase family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in fetal liver.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with NMRAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLOCK; in a circadian manner (PubMed:28985504). Forms tissue-specific complexes with ASL, SLC7A1, HSP90AA1 and nitric oxide synthase NOS1, NOS2 or NOS3; the complex regulates cell-autonomous L-arginine synthesis and citrulline recycling while channeling extracellular L-arginine to nitric oxide synthesis pathway.
messages: One of the enzymes of the urea cycle, the metabolic pathway transforming neurotoxic amonia produced by protein catabolism into inocuous urea in the liver of ureotelic animals. Catalyzes the formation of arginosuccinate from aspartate, citrulline and ATP and together with ASL it is responsible for the biosynthesis of arginine in most body tissues.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Ap4e1
gene id: 10090:Ap4e1
uniprot id: Q80V94
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (epsilon-type subunit AP4E1 and beta-type subunit AP4B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP4M1) and a small adaptin (sigma-type AP4S1). Interacts with TEPSIN (By similarity). Interacts with GRIA2; probably indirect it mediates the somatodendritic localization of GRIA2 in neurons (PubMed:18341993).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Component of the adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4). Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components involved both in vesicle formation and cargo selection. They control the vesicular transport of proteins in different trafficking pathways. AP-4 forms a non clathrin-associated coat on vesicles departing the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and may be involved in the targeting of proteins from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the endosomal-lysosomal system. It is also involved in protein sorting to the basolateral membrane in epithelial cells and the proper asymmetric localization of somatodendritic proteins in neurons. AP-4 is involved in the recognition and binding of tyrosine-based sorting signals found in the cytoplasmic part of cargos, but may also recognize other types of sorting signal.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ulk4
gene id: 10090:Ulk4
uniprot id: Q3V129
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in embryonic and adult brain. In the brain, widely expressed, with highest levels in layers II/III and V of the cortex, piriform cortex, CA1-3 of hippocampus, dentate gyrus, ependymal cells lining the ventricles and choroid plexus, and in the thalamic reticular nucleus (at protein level).
messages: Knockout mice are smaller than sex-matched littermates, and all exhibit domed heads typical of hydrocephalus. The majority die before reaching 4 months of age. Brain lateral and third ventricles are severaly dilated with frequent hemorrhage, sometimes accompanied by fibrosis and neovascularization of the meninges and choroid. Nasal passages and maxillary sinuses are partially filled with varying combinations of proteinaceous fluid or suppurative exudates. Suppurative otitis media is frequently observed. On the respiratory epithelium and ependymal cells lining the dilated ventricles, cilia are shorter than those in wild-type littermate control mice (PubMed:21746835). Partial agenesis of the corpus callosum has also been reported (PubMed:24284070).
messages: May be involved in the remodeling of cytoskeletal components, such as alpha-tubulin, and in this way regulates neurite branching and elongation, as well as cell motility.

10090:Stum
gene id: 10090:Stum
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS08
uniprot id: Q0VBF8
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Able to rescue the walking impairment phenotype when transfected in mutant flies lacking the stum protein (AC Q9W2E1).
messages: Belongs to the SPEC3 family. Stum subfamily.
messages: Membrane

10090:Srms
gene id: 10090:Srms
uniprot id: Q0VBH4
uniprot id: Q8BQI4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.

10090:Relt
gene id: 10090:Relt
uniprot id: Q8BX43
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RELT family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed by secretory stage ameloblasts and by odontoblasts at postnatal day 5. It is not detected in maturation stage ameloblasts and only residual expression is observed in odontoblasts by postnatal day 12.
messages: Expressed in the teeth.
messages: Interacts with RELL1, RELL2, OXSR1, PLSCR1 and STK39.
messages: May play a role in apoptosis. Induces activation of MAPK14/p38 and MAPK8/JNK MAPK cascades, when overexpressed. Involved in dental enamel formation (PubMed:30506946).
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by OXSR1. Phosphorylated by STK39.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Or5p6
gene id: 10090:Or5p6
uniprot id: Q8VG04
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Zswim8
gene id: 10090:Zswim8
uniprot id: Q3UHH1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ZSWIM8 family.
messages: Component of the SCF-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which contains CUL3, RBX1, ELOB, ELOC and ZSWIM8.
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that promotes target-directed microRNA degradation (TDMD), a process that mediates degradation of microRNAs (miRNAs) (PubMed:33184237). The SCF-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex acts by catalyzing ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of AGO proteins (AGO1, AGO2, AGO3 and/or AGO4), thereby exposing miRNAs for degradation (By similarity). Specifically recognizes and binds AGO proteins when they are engaged with a TDMD target (By similarity). May also acts as a regulator of axon guidance: specifically recognizes misfolded ROBO3 and promotes its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Satl1
gene id: 10090:Satl1
uniprot id: Q9D5N8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.

10090:Zcchc17
gene id: 10090:Zcchc17
uniprot id: Q9ESX4
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in liver, brain, heart, kidney testis, stomach, small intestine, skin, thymus, uterus, placenta, spleen, lung and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with PNN (By similarity). Associates with the 60S ribosomal subunit.
messages: Less abundant than isoform 1.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Acsm3
gene id: 10090:Acsm3
uniprot id: Q3UNX5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by CoA to produce an acyl-CoA, the first step in fatty acid metabolism (PubMed:11470804). Capable of activating medium-chain fatty acids with a preference for isobutyrate among fatty acids with 2-6 carbon atoms (PubMed:11470804).
messages: Detected in kidney (at protein level). Detected in kidney proximal tubules and in liver. Detected at low levels in testis, stomach, heart and lung.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-3 is the initiator.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Up-regulated in kidney by androgens. Down-regulated in kidney by estrogens. Levels in kidney are very low in female C57BL/6 mice and in castrated male C57BL/6, 129/SvJ and BALB/c mice. Constitutively expressed in liver.

10090:Nup37
gene id: 10090:Nup37
uniprot id: Q9CWU9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the Nup107-160 subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The Nup107-160 subcomplex includes NUP160, NUP133, NUP107, NUP98, NUP85, NUP43, NUP37, SEH1 and SEC13 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Nup107-160 subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The Nup107-160 subcomplex is required for the assembly of a functional NPC. The Nup107-160 subcomplex is also required for normal kinetochore microtubule attachment, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation (By similarity).
messages: kinetochore
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Psmb6
gene id: 10090:Psmb6
uniprot id: Q60692
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex). Within the 20S core complex, PSMB6 displays a peptidylglutamyl-hydrolyzing activity also termed postacidic or caspase-like activity, meaning that the peptides bond hydrolysis occurs directly after acidic residues.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7.
messages: Up-regulated by the antioxidant dithiolethione (D3T) in liver, lung and small intestine (at protein level).

10090:Zan
gene id: 10090:Zan
uniprot id: E9PWQ7
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Ears2
gene id: 10090:Ears2
uniprot id: Q9CXJ1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 1 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Tas2r106
gene id: 10090:Tas2r106
uniprot id: Q7M724
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Sdr16c5
gene id: 10090:Sdr16c5
uniprot id: Q7TQA3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Oxidoreductase with strong preference for NAD. Active in both the oxidative and reductive directions. Oxidizes all-trans-retinol in all-trans-retinaldehyde. No activity was detected with 11-cis-retinol or 11-cis-retinaldehyde as substrates with either NAD(+)/NADH or NADP(+)/NADPH.

10090:Zdhhc4
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc4
uniprot id: Q9D6H5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that could catalyze the addition of palmitate onto protein substrates including the D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2.
messages: The C-terminal di-lysine motif confers endoplasmic reticulum localization.
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Or51b4
gene id: 10090:Or51b4
uniprot id: F8VQ01
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ciapin1
gene id: 10090:Ciapin1
uniprot id: Q8WTY4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 'Ana-mors-in' means 'anti-death molecule' in Latin.
messages: Belongs to the anamorsin family.
messages: By cytokines such as IL3 and THPO.
messages: Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the scaffold complex NUBP1-NUBP2. Electrons are transferred to CIAPIN1 from NADPH via the FAD- and FMN-containing protein NDOR1. NDOR1-CIAPIN1 are also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit (By similarity). Has anti-apoptotic effects in the cell. Involved in negative control of cell death upon cytokine withdrawal. Promotes development of hematopoietic cells (PubMed:14970183).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death in late gestation due to defective definitive hematopoiesis in the fetal liver, possibly due to initiated apoptosis in erythroid cells during terminal maturation.
messages: Expressed from early embryogenesis.
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Monomer. Interacts with NDOR1. Interacts with CHCHD4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain binds 2 Fe-S clusters but is otherwise mostly in an intrinsically disordered conformation.
messages: The N-terminal domain has structural similarity with S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, but does not bind S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is required for correct assembly of the 2 Fe-S clusters.
messages: The twin Cx2C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial CHCHD4/MIA40-GFER/ERV1 disulfide relay system. The formation of 2 disulfide bonds in the Cx2C motifs through dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions effectively traps the protein in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.

10090:Cpe
gene id: 10090:Cpe
uniprot id: Q00493
uniprot id: Q543R4
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Defects in Cpe are the cause of the fat phenotype. Mice homozygous for the fat mutation develop obesity and hyperglycemia that can be suppressed by treatment with exogenous insulin.
messages: Interacts with Secretogranin III/SCG3.
messages: Interacts with secretogranin III/SCG3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: Sorting receptor that directs prohormones to the regulated secretory pathway. Acts also as a prohormone processing enzyme in neuro/endocrine cells, removing dibasic residues from the C-terminal end of peptide hormone precursors after initial endoprotease cleavage.
messages: secretory vesicle
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Vmn2r33
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r33
uniprot id: K7N705
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:H2ac23
gene id: 10090:H2ac23
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Nlrp3
gene id: 10090:Nlrp3
uniprot id: Q8R4B8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: By activators of Toll-like receptors, such as lipoteichoic acid (LTA) (TLR2), polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of dsRNA) (TLR3) and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (TLR4) (PubMed:16546100). Up-regulated by IL2 via STAT5 signaling (PubMed:26098997). Slightly up-regulated in osteoblasts after exposure to invasive, but not invasion-defective, strains of Salmonella typhimurium (at protein level) (PubMed:17907925).
messages: Degraded via selective autophagy following interaction with Irgm1. Irgm1 promotes NLRP3 recruitment to autophagosome membranes, promoting its SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagy-dependent degradation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed with high levels in peripheral blood leukocytes, including Th2 lymphocytes and macrophages (PubMed:15302403, PubMed:26098997, PubMed:16546100, PubMed:28847925). Expressed at low levels in resting osteoblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:17907925).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth (PubMed:26098997). During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription (PubMed:26098997). Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3' (PubMed:26098997). May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF (PubMed:26098997).
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Knockout mice are fertile and appear healthy when housed in a standard specific pathogen-free environment (PubMed:16407890, PubMed:16407888). They do not exhibit any increase in serum IL1B after administration of R837 (an analog to guanosine and TLR7 agonist) and/or LPS (PubMed:16407890, PubMed:16407888, PubMed:37001519). When challenged with LPS, mutant mice are partially resistant to endotoxic shock (PubMed:16407890, PubMed:16546100, PubMed:37001519). Mutant mice display impaired contact hypersensitivity, a T-cell-mediated cellular immune response to repeated epicutaneous exposure to contact allergens, such as trinitrophenylchloride (PubMed:16546100). In response to asbestos inhalation, mice show diminished recruitment of inflammatory cells to the lungs, paralleled by lower cytokine production (PubMed:18403674). In a model of allergic asthma that promotes strictly Th2 responses, mutant animals show less infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes into the lungs than their wild-type counterparts, as well as less accumulation of mucus and lymphoid infiltrates (PubMed:26098997). The concentration of Th2 cell-related cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-4, is also lower in lungs from mutant mice compared to wild-type (PubMed:26098997). Knockout mice develop insulin (INS) resistance in response to high-fat diet (PubMed:23809162). Mutants mice are protected from lung injury and cytokine production induced by human SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 N protein (PubMed:34341353).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Palmitoylation by ZDHHC12 inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome by promoting NLRP3 degradation by the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway. Following palmitoylation, HSPA8/HSC70 recognizes and binds the KFERQ-like motifs on NLRP3 and promotes NLRP3 recruitment to lysosomes, where it is degraded via the chaperone-mediated autophagy pathway in a LAMP2-dependent process.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-194 by MAPK8/JNK1 increases inflammasome activation by promoting deubiquitination by BRCC3 and NLRP3 homooligomerization (PubMed:28943315). Phosphorylation at Ser-803 by CSNK1A1 prevents inflammasome activation by preventing NEK7 recruitment (PubMed:34615873). Phosphorylation at Ser-3 in the pyrin domain inhibits homomultimerization of NLRP3 and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome: dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) promotes assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:28465465). Phosphorylation at Ser-291 by PKD/PRKD1 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome assembly (PubMed:28716882). Phosphorylation by ERK1/MAPK3 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome assembly (By similarity). Phosphorylation by BTK (at Tyr-132, Tyr-136, Tyr-145 and Tyr-164) in the region that mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol phosphate, promotes relocalization of NLRP3 and assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:34554188). Phosphorylation at Tyr-858 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome assembly: dephosphorylation by PTPN22 promotes inflammasome activation (PubMed:27043286).
messages: Secreted
messages: Sensor component of NLRP3 inflammasomes; inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation (PubMed:34861190). The core of NLRP3 inflammasomes consists of a signal sensor component (NLRP3), an adapter (PYCARD/ASC), which recruits an effector pro-inflammatory caspase (CASP1 and, possibly, CASP4 and CASP5) (PubMed:24630723). Homodecamer; inactive NLRP3 forms homodecameric double-ring cages that hide pyrin domains within NACHT-LRR rings to avoid premature activation (PubMed:34861190, PubMed:35254907). Interacts (via pyrin domain) with PYCARD/ASC (via pyrin domain); interaction is direct (PubMed:17907925, PubMed:30487600). Interacts (via LRR repeat domain) with NEK7 (via N-terminus); the interaction is required for the formation of the complex NLRP3:PYCARD, oligomerization of PYCARD/ASC and activation of CASP1 (PubMed:26642356, PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26553871, PubMed:34615873, PubMed:37001519). Interacts (via LRR repeat domain) with NR4A1/Nur77 (via N-terminus); the interaction is direct, requires activation of NR4A1 by its ligands NBRE-containing dsDNA and lipopolysaccharide, and stimulates the association of NLRP3 with NEK7 for non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome activation (PubMed:37001519). Interacts with CARD8; leading to inhibit formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV; this interaction targets NLRP3 to degradation by autophagy, hence preventing excessive IL1B- and IL18-mediated inflammation (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction requires EIF2AK2 activity, is accompanied by EIF2AK2 autophosphorylation and promotes inflammasome assembly in response to specific stimuli (PubMed:22801494). Interacts with GBP5 (via DAPIN domain); this interaction promotes inflammasome assembly in response to microbial and soluble, but not crystalline, agents (By similarity). Interacts with PML …
messages: Sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to defects in membrane integrity, leading to secretion of inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and pyroptosis (PubMed:19362020, PubMed:23582325, PubMed:26814970, PubMed:27929086, PubMed:26642356, PubMed:27374331, PubMed:28847925, PubMed:28656979, PubMed:30518920, PubMed:36178239). In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals that affect the integrity of membranes, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex composed of NLRP3, CASP1 and PYCARD/ASC (PubMed:19362020, PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26642356, PubMed:27374331, PubMed:28847925). Recruitment of pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) to the NLRP3 inflammasome promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), promoting cytokine secretion and pyroptosis (PubMed:16546100, PubMed:17008311, PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26642356, PubMed:27374331, PubMed:28847925). Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; stimulating inflammatory responses (PubMed:22801494). Under resting conditions, ADP-bound NLRP3 is autoinhibited (By similarity). NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, such as asbestos, silica, aluminum salts, cytosolic dsRNA, etc (PubMed:16407888, PubMed:16407890, PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:19362020, PubMed:37001519). Almost all stimuli trigger intracellular K(+) efflux (PubMed:23809161). These stimuli lead to membrane perturbation and activation of NLRP3 (By similarity). Upon activation, NLRP3 is transported to microtubule organizing center (MTOC), where it is unlocked by NEK7, leading to its relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes and format…
messages: The FISNA domain is a critical mediator of NLRP3 conformational during NLRP3 activation. It becomes ordered in its key regions during activation to stabilize the active NACHT conformation and mediate most interactions in the NLRP3 disk.
messages: The KFERQ-like motifs mediate binding to HSPA8/HSC70 following NLRP3 paylmitoylation by ZDHHC12.
messages: The LRR domain mediates the interaction with IRF4, PML, NEK7 and NR4A1/Nur77.
messages: The disulfide bond in the pyrin domain might play a role in reactive oxygen species-mediated activation.
messages: The pyrin domain (also called DAPIN domain or PYD) is involved in PYCARD/ASC-binding.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination (PubMed:23246432). Ubiquitination does not lead to degradation, but inhibits inflammasome activation (PubMed:23246432). Deubiquitination is catalyzed by BRCC3 and associated with NLRP3 activation and inflammasome assembly (PubMed:23246432). This process can be induced by the activation of Toll-like receptors (by LPS), through a non-transcriptional pathway dependent on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, and by ATP (PubMed:22948162). Ubiquitinated by TRIM31 via 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:27929086). Ubiquitinated at Lys-687 by the SCF(FBXL2) complex, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by TRIM35 via 'lys-48' and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination leading to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation (By similarity).
messages: Under resting conditions, NLRP3 binds ADP and is autoinhibited (By similarity). Inactive NLRP3 forms homodecameric double-ring cages that hide pyrin domains within NACHT-LRR rings to avoid premature activation (PubMed:30518920, PubMed:34861190, PubMed:35254907). NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, nigericin, reactive oxygen species, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, such as asbestos, silica, aluminum salts, cytosolic dsRNA, etc (PubMed:16407889, PubMed:18403674, PubMed:19362020). Almost all stimuli trigger intracellular K(+) efflux (PubMed:23809161). These stimuli lead to membrane perturbations that induce activation of NLRP3 (PubMed:34861190). Upon activation, NLRP3 is transported to microtubule organizing center (MTOC), where it is unlocked by NEK7, leading to its relocalization to dispersed trans-Golgi network (dTGN) vesicle membranes and recruitment of PYCARD/ASC for the formation of an active inflammasome complex (PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26642356, PubMed:28716882, PubMed:30487600, PubMed:34615873, PubMed:34861190). NEK7-activated NLRP3 forms a disk-shaped inflammasome (By similarity). NLRP3 and PYCARD/ASC interact via their respective pyrin domains; interaction initiates speck formation (nucleation) which greatly enhances further addition of soluble PYCARD/ASC molecules to the speck in a prion-like polymerization process (PubMed:24630723). Clustered PYCARD/ASC nucleates the formation of CASP1 filaments through the interaction of their respective CARD domains, acting as a platform for CASP1 polymerization and activation (By similarity). Active CASP1 then processes IL1B and IL18 precursors, leading to the release of mature cytokines in the extracellular milieu and inflammatory response (By similarity). NLRP3 inflammasome assembly is inhibited by IRGM, which impedes NLRP3 oligomerization (By similarity). Specifically inhibited by sulfonylurea MCC950 (also named…
messages: Up-regulated during CD4(+) T-lymphocyte differentiation, in Th0, Th1 and Th2 cells. Not detected in naive CD4(+) T-lymphocytes (at protein level).
messages: cytosol
messages: microtubule organizing center

10090:Ahcyl2
gene id: 10090:Ahcyl2
uniprot id: F8WGT1
uniprot id: F8WI65
uniprot id: Q68FL4
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
messages: Binds 1 NAD(+) per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in cerebrum, cerebellum and kidney. Also expressed in thymus, spleen, testis, ovary and, at lower, levels in lung and liver (at protein level). In cerebellum, expressed in interneurons.
messages: Homotetramer. Forms heteromultimers with AHCYL1 (via the C-terminal region). Interacts with ITPR1; with lower affinity than AHCYL1 and maybe via ITPR1. Interacts with SLC4A4. Interacts with ZCCHC4 (By similarity).
messages: May regulate the electrogenic sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter SLC4A4 activity and Mg(2+)-sensitivity. On the contrary of its homolog AHCYL1, does not regulate ITPR1 sensitivity to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate.
messages: Microsome
messages: Phosphorylated during neuronal differentiation at the LISN domain.

10090:Or5l13
gene id: 10090:Or5l13
uniprot id: A2AVC3
uniprot id: Q8VG81
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Spib
gene id: 10090:Spib
uniprot id: O35906
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Can form homotypic interactions (By similarity). Interacts with IRF4/Pip (By similarity). Interacts with JUN (By similarity). Interacts with TBP (By similarity). May also interact with CREBBP and EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with NONO/p54(nrb) (PubMed:8626664).
messages: Expressed in the medulla of the thymus, the spleen and germinal centers of the lymph nodes. Expressed in B-cells and T-cells, expression increases during B-cell maturation and decreases during T-cell maturation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform IA.
messages: Sequence specific transcriptional activator which binds to the PU-box, a purine-rich DNA sequence (5'-GAGGAA-3') that can act as a lymphoid-specific enhancer. Promotes development of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), also known as type 2 DC precursors (pre-DC2) or natural interferon (IFN)-producing cells. These cells have the capacity to produce large amounts of interferon and block viral replication. Required for B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, which is necessary for normal B-cell development and antigenic stimulation.
messages: The protein contains a weakly acidic N-terminal transactivation domain (TAD) followed by a second TAD rich in proline, serine and threonine. Each of these domains may be required for transcriptional activation of a subset of target genes (By similarity).

10090:Cap2
gene id: 10090:Cap2
uniprot id: Q9CYT6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CAP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May have a regulatory bifunctional role.

10090:Sccpdh
gene id: 10090:Sccpdh
uniprot id: Q8R127
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the saccharopine dehydrogenase family.

10090:Arhgef18
gene id: 10090:Arhgef18
uniprot id: Q6P9R4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. Also acts as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Does not act as a GEF for CDC42. The G protein beta-gamma (Gbetagamma) subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins act as activators, explaining the integrated effects of LPA and other G-protein coupled receptor agonists on actin stress fiber formation, cell shape change and ROS production. Required for EPB41L4B-mediated regulation of the circumferential actomyosin belt in epithelial cells.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SEPT9; interaction may inhibit GEF activity. Interacts with Gbetagamma subunits GNB1 and GNG2 (By similarity). Interacts with EPB41L4B. Interacts with PATJ (via C-terminus).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Calr3
gene id: 10090:Calr3
uniprot id: Q8BL82
uniprot id: Q9D9Q6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calreticulin family.
messages: CALR3 capacity for calcium-binding may be absent or much lower than that of CALR (By similarity). During spermatogenesis, may act as a lectin-independent chaperone for specific client proteins such as ADAM3. Required for sperm fertility.
messages: Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CELF1/CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1 and HSPA5.
messages: Defective sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct and defective binding to the zona pellucida.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Testis specific, absent in mature sperm.

10090:Xkr9
gene id: 10090:Xkr9
uniprot id: Q5GH62
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated upon caspase cleavage to generate the XK-related protein 9, processed form (PubMed:25231987). Does not act prior the onset of apoptosis (PubMed:25231987).
messages: Belongs to the XK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the small intestines; weakly expressed in the pancreas, liver, stomach, and large intestines.
messages: Phospholipid scramblase that promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface (PubMed:25231987). Phosphatidylserine is a specific marker only present at the surface of apoptotic cells and acts as a specific signal for engulfment (PubMed:25231987).
messages: Undergoes proteolytic processing by caspase-3 (CASP3), caspase-6 (CASP6) and caspase-7 (CASP7) to generate the XK-related protein 9, processed form, leading to its activation.

10090:Rabgap1l
gene id: 10090:Rabgap1l
uniprot id: A6H6A9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in embryonic heart and liver, and in hemopoietic cells (PubMed:10585558). Expressed in the corpus callosum in the central nervous system (CNS) and costameres in skeletal muscle at postnatal day (PND) 30 (PubMed:27718357).
messages: GTP-hydrolysis activating protein (GAP) for small GTPase RAB22A, converting active RAB22A-GTP to the inactive form RAB22A-GDP (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis and intracellular protein transport. Recruited by ANK2 to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-positive early endosomes, where it inactivates RAB22A, and promotes polarized trafficking to the leading edge of the migrating cells. Part of the ANK2/RABGAP1L complex which is required for the polarized recycling of fibronectin receptor ITGA5 ITGB1 to the plasma membrane that enables continuous directional cell migration (PubMed:27718357).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (via Rab-GAP TBC domain) with ANK2 (via death domain).
messages: The arginine and glutamine fingers are critical for the GTPase-activating mechanism, they pull out Rab's 'switch 2' glutamine and insert in Rab's active site.

10090:1700013H16Rik
gene id: 10090:1700013H16Rik
uniprot id: Q9DAC5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Or6ae1
gene id: 10090:Or6ae1
uniprot id: Q8VGL1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp664
gene id: 10090:Zfp664
uniprot id: Q4VA44
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sfxn1
gene id: 10090:Sfxn1
uniprot id: Q99JR1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Amino acid transporter importing serine, an essential substrate of the mitochondrial branch of the one-carbon pathway, into mitochondria. Mitochondrial serine is then converted to glycine and formate, which exits to the cytosol where it is used to generate the charged folates that serve as one-carbon donors. May also transport other amino acids including alanine and cysteine.
messages: Belongs to the sideroflexin family.
messages: Defects in Sfxn1 are the cause of a transitory hypochromic, microcytic anemia characterized by a large number of siderocytes containing non-heme iron granules (PubMed:11274051). The anemia begins at 12 dpc, is most intense at 15 dpc and is still severe at birth, but disappears by 2 weeks of age (PubMed:11274051). Mutant adults are no longer anemic, but they have an impaired response to hemopoietic stress (PubMed:11274051). Most homozygotes also have flexed tails and a belly spot (PubMed:11274051).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Very high levels in the liver during the period of embryonic hepatic hemopoiesis.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest expression in kidney and liver.

10090:Exoc3
gene id: 10090:Exoc3
uniprot id: Q6KAR6
uniprot id: Q8K0E2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SEC6 family.
messages: Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-11 is the initiator.
messages: Midbody
messages: The exocyst complex is composed of EXOC1, EXOC2, EXOC3, EXOC4, EXOC5, EXOC6, EXOC7 and EXOC8 (By similarity). Interacts with EXOC3L1 (PubMed:18480549). Interacts with BIRC6/bruce (By similarity). Interacts with MYRIP (PubMed:17827149). Interacts with SLC6A9 (By similarity).
messages: growth cone
messages: neuron projection
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cep350
gene id: 10090:Cep350
uniprot id: E9Q309
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a ternary complex that contains CEP350, CEP43 and MAPRE1. Interacts (via C-terminus) directly with CEP43 (via N-terminus). Interacts with NR1H3, PPARA, PPARD and PPARG. Interacts directly with microtubules. Interacts with the fusion protein CEP43-FGFR1, and by doing so recruits and activates PI3K and PLC-gamma. Interacts with CYLD (By similarity). Interacts with CFAP157 (PubMed:27965440). Interacts with CEP19 (via C-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Plays an essential role in centriole growth by stabilizing a procentriolar seed composed of at least, SASS6 and CENPJ. Required for anchoring microtubules to the centrosomes and for the integrity of the microtubule network. Recruits PPARA to discrete subcellular compartments and thereby modulates PPARA activity. Required for ciliation.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body
messages: spindle

10090:Pde5a
gene id: 10090:Pde5a
uniprot id: Q8CG03
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ions per subunit. Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit: site 1 preferentially binds zinc, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium. Binds magnesium less tightly than zinc.
messages: Binds 1 Zn(2+) ion per subunit. Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit: site 1 preferentially binds zinc, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium. Tightly binds zinc.
messages: Composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain containing two putative divalent metal sites and an N-terminal regulatory domain which contains two homologous allosteric cGMP-binding regions, A and B.
messages: Phosphorylation is regulated by binding of cGMP to the two allosteric sites. Phosphorylation by PRKG1 leads to its activation.
messages: Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides. This phosphodiesterase catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of cGMP to 5'-GMP. Specifically regulates nitric-oxide-generated cGMP.

10090:2200002J24Rik
gene id: 10090:2200002J24Rik
uniprot id: Q9D807
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.

10090:Pfkfb2
gene id: 10090:Pfkfb2
uniprot id: B2Z892
uniprot id: B2Z893
uniprot id: P70265
uniprot id: Q6GTL7
uniprot id: Q8CDS6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highest levels in kidney; also found in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with PFKFB3 (By similarity).
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
messages: Phosphorylation by AMPK stimulates activity.
messages: Phosphorylation results in the activation of the kinase activity.
messages: Synthesis and degradation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate.

10090:Slc2a8
gene id: 10090:Slc2a8
uniprot id: Q9JIF3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: High expression in blastocysts.
messages: Highest level of expression in placenta and testis. Highly expressed in adult and pubertal testis, but not prepubertal testis. Lower levels of expression in brain, liver, heart, kidney, fat and skeletal muscle.
messages: Inhibited by cytochalasin B.
messages: Inhibited under glucose deprivation.
messages: Insulin-regulated facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose and fructose (PubMed:10821868, PubMed:10860996, PubMed:23396969). Facilitates hepatic influx of dietary trehalose, which in turn inhibits glucose and fructose influx triggering a starvation signal and hepatic autophagy through activation of AMPK and ULK1 (PubMed:27922102). Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate (PubMed:23396969).
messages: Interacts with AP2B1 (PubMed:16723738). Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate (PubMed:23396969).

10090:Cd69
gene id: 10090:Cd69
uniprot id: P37217
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By the activation of T-lymphocytes.
messages: Constitutive Ser/Thr phosphorylation in both mature thymocytes and activated T-lymphocytes.
messages: Earliest inducible cell surface glycoprotein acquired during lymphoid activation.
messages: Expressed on the surface of activated T-cells, B-cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils and platelets.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Involved in lymphocyte proliferation and functions as a signal transmitting receptor in lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and platelets.
messages: Membrane

10090:Or2l5
gene id: 10090:Or2l5
uniprot id: Q8VGJ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppp2r5b
gene id: 10090:Ppp2r5b
uniprot id: Q6PD28
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As the regulatory component of the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme, modulates substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and responsiveness to phosphorylation. The phosphorylated form mediates the interaction between PP2A and AKT1, leading to AKT1 dephosphorylation.
messages: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family.
messages: Component of the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A complex (PP2A). This complex consists of a common heterodimeric core enzyme, composed of a 36 kDa catalytic subunit (subunit C) and a 65 kDa constant scaffold subunit (PR65 or subunit A), that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. Proteins that associate with the core dimer include three families of regulatory subunits B (the R2/B/PR55/B55, R3/B''/PR72/PR130/PR59 and R5/B'/B56 families), the 48 kDa variable regulatory subunit, viral proteins, and cell signaling molecules. Interacts with SGO1. Interacts with AKT1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ubiquitinated by CUL3-KLHL15 complex; this modification leads to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Slc39a13
gene id: 10090:Slc39a13
uniprot id: B2RQ45
uniprot id: Q8BZH0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Functions as a zinc transporter transporting Zn(2+) from the Golgi apparatus to the cytosol and thus influences the zinc level at least in areas of the cytosol (PubMed:18985159). May regulate beige adipocyte differentiation (PubMed:28854265).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highly expressed in some tissues such as bone and eye (PubMed:18985159). Expressed in osteoblasts of tibia and of alveolar bone, in proliferative zone of growth plate, and in odontoblasts on the forming of the dentine of crown in molar tooth (PubMed:18985159). Also expressed fibroblasts in reticular layer of dermis of skin (PubMed:18985159).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for Slc39a13 show growth retardation and results in a generalized skeletal and connective tissue disorder, namely develop progressive kyphosis after 3 or 4 weeks of age.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppp1r12c
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r12c
uniprot id: Q3UMT1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: PP1 comprises a catalytic subunit, PPP1CA, PPP1CB or PPP1CC, and one or several targeting or regulatory subunits. PPP1R12C mediates binding to myosin. Interacts via its N-terminus with PPP1CB. Interacts with IL16. Interacts with the coiled-coil domain of MPRIP. Interacts with NOD2 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-560 is essential for its interaction with PPP1CB.
messages: Regulates myosin phosphatase activity.
messages: stress fiber

10090:Timm17a
gene id: 10090:Timm17a
uniprot id: Q545U2
uniprot id: Q9Z0V8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tim17/Tim22/Tim23 family.
messages: Component of the TIM23 complex at least composed of TIMM23, TIMM17 (TIMM17A or TIMM17B) and TIMM50.
messages: Component of the TIM23 complex at least composed of TIMM23, TIMM17 (TIMM17A or TIMM17B) and TIMM50. The complex interacts with the TIMM44 component of the PAM complex. The complex also interacts with DNAJC15 (By similarity).
messages: Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Cltc
gene id: 10090:Cltc
uniprot id: Q68FD5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
messages: Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles. Two different adapter protein complexes link the clathrin lattice either to the plasma membrane or to the trans-Golgi network. Acts as component of the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex proposed to contribute to stabilization of kinetochore fibers of the mitotic spindle by acting as inter-microtubule bridge. The TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex is required for the maintenance of kinetochore fiber tension. Plays a role in early autophagosome formation.
messages: Clathrin triskelions, composed of 3 heavy chains and 3 light chains, are the basic subunits of the clathrin coat (By similarity). In the presence of light chains, hub assembly is influenced by both the pH and the concentration of calcium (By similarity). Interacts with HIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with DENND1A, DENND1B and DENND1C (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB2 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP6 (By similarity). Interacts with OCRL (PubMed:20133602). Interacts with CKAP5 and TACC3 forming the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex located at spindle inter-microtubules bridges; the complex implicates clathrin triskelions; TACC3 and CLTC are proposed to form a composite microtubule interaction surface (By similarity). Plays a role in early autophagosome formation (By similarity). Interacts with ATG16L1 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with RFTN1; the interaction occurs in response to pathogens (By similarity). Interacts with USP2 isoform 2 (PubMed:26756164). Interacts with TMEM106B (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Melanosome
messages: The N-terminal seven-bladed beta-propeller is formed by WD40-like repeats, and projects inward from the polyhedral outer clathrin coat. It constitutes a major protein-protein interaction node (By similarity).
messages: coated pit
messages: spindle

10090:Meig1
gene id: 10090:Meig1
uniprot id: Q61845
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MEIG1 family.
messages: Detected in the fetal ovary and testis (PubMed:20339383). Detected in the testes as early as 6 days after birth, expression increases during the first wave of spermatogenesis (PubMed:19805151).
messages: Essential for spermiogenesis.
messages: Expressed in the testes (at protein level) (PubMed:1390336, PubMed:35547804, PubMed:20339383). Expressed in the ovary (PubMed:20339383). Several isoforms have been identified differing in their 5'-untranslated exons. These isoforms show different tissue expression (PubMed:19805151). Some are expressed in various tissues, including lung, liver, brain, testis, oviduct and oocytes (PubMed:19805151). Some are testis-specific (PubMed:19805151).
messages: Interacts with PACRG. Interacts with MORN3 (PubMed:25248657).
messages: Mice are viable, but males are sterile, producing only a few sperm that are morphologically abnormal. Spermatogenesis is dramatically impaired at the stage of elongation and condensation. Spermatozoa exhibit failure of flagellar formation, disorganization of sperm axonemes and deformed heads.

10090:Zfp69
gene id: 10090:Zfp69
uniprot id: A2A761
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: New Zealand obese (NZO) mice carry a loss-of-function mutation due to the integration of the retrotransposon IAPLTR1 in intron 3 which generates a truncated mRNA lacking both the KRAB and the C2H2 domains. This strain is less diabetes prone (NZO).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative transcription factor that appears to regulate lipid metabolism.

10090:Rhag
gene id: 10090:Rhag
uniprot id: A0A3B2WBH6
uniprot id: Q9QUT0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ammonium transporter (TC 2.A.49) family. Rh subfamily.
messages: Component of the ankyrin-1 complex, a multiprotein complex involved in the stability and shape of the erythrocyte membrane. Heterotrimer with RHCE (RHAG)2(RHCE), that transports ammonium and its related derivative methylammonium, in both neutral and ionic forms, across the erythrocyte membrane (PubMed:19807729). The transport of NH4(+) is electrogenic and masks the NH3 transport. Also, may act as a CO2 channel. Moreover in erythrocyte, regulates RHD membrane expression and is associated with rhesus blood group antigen expression (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homodimer. Heterotrimer; a RHCE monomer interacts with a RHAG homodimer. Component of the ankyrin-1 complex in the erythrocyte, composed of ANK1, RHCE, RHAG, SLC4A1, EPB42, GYPA, GYPB and AQP1. Interacts with GYPB (via the N-terminal); this interaction bridges the (RHAG)2(RHCE) heterotrimer with the SLC4A1 Band 3 I dimer complexed with GYPA.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Rhag exhibit normal growth, development and fertility (PubMed:16581281, PubMed:19807729). Mice exhibit no significant change in body weight and body mass index (PubMed:19807729).
messages: Membrane

10090:Psmb1
gene id: 10090:Psmb1
uniprot id: O09061
uniprot id: Q6RI64
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the proteasome complex.
messages: Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Non-catalytic component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7 (PubMed:16857966, PubMed:22341445). Interacts with SERPINB2 (By similarity). Interacts with RFPL4A (PubMed:12525704).

10090:Trmt10b
gene id: 10090:Trmt10b
uniprot id: Q9D075
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM10 family.
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent guanine N(1)-methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine at position 9 (m1G9) in tRNAs. Probably not able to catalyze formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 9 (m1A9) in tRNAs.

10090:Rad51d
gene id: 10090:Rad51d
uniprot id: B1ARD4
uniprot id: B5LBC4
uniprot id: O55230
uniprot id: Q3UGT8
uniprot id: Q9EP85
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.
messages: Highly expressed in brain followed by testis. Also expressed in heart, liver, kidney, spleen, lung and skeletal muscle.
messages: Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. Bind to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and has DNA-dependent ATPase activity. Part of the RAD51 paralog protein complex BCDX2 which acts in the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent HR pathway. Upon DNA damage, BCDX2 acts downstream of BRCA2 recruitment and upstream of RAD51 recruitment. BCDX2 binds predominantly to the intersection of the four duplex arms of the Holliday junction and to junction of replication forks. The BCDX2 complex was originally reported to bind single-stranded DNA, single-stranded gaps in duplex DNA and specifically to nicks in duplex DNA. Involved in telomere maintenance. The BCDX2 subcomplex XRCC2:RAD51D can stimulate Holliday junction resolution by BLM (By similarity).
messages: Midgestation lethal.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the BCDX2 complex consisting of RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D and XRCC2; the complex has a ring-like structure arranged into a flat disc around a central channel. In the absence of DNA, the BCDX2 subcomplex XRCC2:RAD51D formed a multimeric ring structure; in the presence of single-stranded DNA it formed a filamentous structure with the ssDNA. Interacts with SWSAP1 and ZSWIM7; involved in homologous recombination repair. Interacts with BLM; required for stimulation of BLM activity by the BCDX2 subcomplex XRCC2:RAD51D (By similarity).
messages: telomere

10090:Arhgef5
gene id: 10090:Arhgef5
uniprot id: E9Q7D5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activation of SRC induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ARHGEF5.
messages: Chemotaxis of macrophages, T and B lymphocytes and bone marrow-derived mature dendritic cells from mutant mice is not affected but chemotaxis of immature dendritic cells is abolished.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor which activates Rho GTPases (PubMed:19713215, PubMed:21525037). Strongly activates RHOA (PubMed:19713215, PubMed:21525037). Also strongly activates RHOB, weakly activates RHOC and RHOG and shows no effect on RHOD, RHOV, RHOQ or RAC1 (PubMed:19713215). Involved in regulation of cell shape and actin cytoskeletal organization (PubMed:21525037). Plays a role in actin organization by generating a loss of actin stress fibers and the formation of membrane ruffles and filopodia (By similarity). Required for SRC-induced podosome formation (PubMed:21525037). Involved in positive regulation of immature dendritic cell migration (PubMed:19713215).
messages: Interacts with SRC (PubMed:21525037). Forms a ternary complex with SRC and the PI3K 85 kDa subunit (PubMed:21525037). Interacts with and is activated by the heterodimer formed by GNB1 and GNG2 (PubMed:19713215). Interacts with ODAM (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with RHOA (PubMed:19713215).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The PH domain binds to phosphoinositides and is essential for podosome formation.
messages: podosome

10090:Csnk1g2
gene id: 10090:Csnk1g2
uniprot id: Q8BVP5
uniprot id: Q99K78
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated by aPKC which promotes dissociation from the cell cortex.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Casein kinase I subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in both the striatum and the neocortex.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with MTA1 (short isoform) in the cytoplasm (PubMed:15077195). Interacts with SMAD3 (By similarity). Interacts with DUOXA2 (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase. Casein kinases are operationally defined by their preferential utilization of acidic proteins such as caseins as substrates. It can phosphorylate a large number of proteins. Participates in Wnt signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylates MTA1 (PubMed:15077195). Phosphorylates COL4A3BP/CERT and SMAD3. SMAD3 phosphorylation promotes its ligand-dependent ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation, thus inhibiting SMAD3-mediated TGF-beta responses. Hyperphosphorylation of the serine-repeat motif of COL4A3BP/CERT leads to its inactivation by dissociation from the Golgi complex, thus down-regulating ER-to-Golgi transport of ceramide and sphingomyelin synthesis. Triggers PER1 proteasomal degradation probably through phosphorylation (By similarity). Involved in brain development and vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter releasing from small synaptic vesicles. Regulates fast synaptic transmission mediated by glutamate (PubMed:16014721). Involved in regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels (By similarity).
messages: Stimulated by estrogen.
messages: The phospho-regulated basic and hydrophobic (PRBH) motif is sufficient and important for interaction with phospholipids permitting cortical localization. Phosphorylation of the PRBH motif by aPKC inhibits the association of the protein with the cortical membrane.
messages: cell cortex

10090:Birc5
gene id: 10090:Birc5
uniprot id: O70201
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-129 results in its homodimerization, while deacetylation promotes the formation of monomers which heterodimerize with XPO1/CRM1 which facilitates its nuclear export. The acetylated form represses STAT3 transactivation. The dynamic equilibrium between its acetylation and deacetylation at Lys-129 determines its interaction with XPO1/CRM1, its subsequent subcellular localization, and its ability to inhibit STAT3 transactivation.
messages: Belongs to the IAP family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In vitro phosphorylation at Thr-117 by AURKB prevents interaction with INCENP and localization to mitotic chromosomes. Phosphorylation at Thr-48 by CK2 is critical for its mitotic and anti-apoptotic activities. Phosphorylation at Thr-34 by CDK15 is critical for its anti-apoptotic activity.
messages: Midbody
messages: Monomer or homodimer. Exists as a homodimer in the apo state and as a monomer in the CPC-bound state. The monomer protects cells against apoptosis more efficiently than the dimer. Only the dimeric form is capable of enhancing tubulin stability in cells. When phosphorylated, interacts with LAMTOR5/HBXIP; the resulting complex binds pro-CASP9, as well as active CASP9, but much less efficiently. Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) composed of at least BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP, AURKB or AURKC; in the complex forms a triple-helix bundle-based subcomplex with INCENP and CDCA8. Interacts with JTB. Interacts (via BIR domain) with histone H3 phosphorylated at 'Thr-3' (H3pT3). Interacts with EVI5. Interacts with GTP-bound RAN in both the S and M phases of the cell cycle. Interacts with USP9X. Interacts with tubulin. Interacts with BIRC2/c-IAP1. The acetylated form at Lys-129 interacts with STAT3. The monomeric form deacetylated at Lys-129 interacts with XPO1/CRM1. The monomeric form interacts with XIAP/BIRC4. Both the dimeric and monomeric form can interact with DIABLO/SMAC. Interacts with BIRC6/bruce. Interacts with FBXL7; this interaction facilitates the polyubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of BIRC5 by the SCF(FBXL7) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity).
messages: Multitasking protein that has dual roles in promoting cell proliferation and preventing apoptosis (PubMed:25778398). Component of a chromosome passage protein complex (CPC) which is essential for chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis and cytokinesis (By similarity). Acts as an important regulator of the localization of this complex; directs CPC movement to different locations from the inner centromere during prometaphase to midbody during cytokinesis and participates in the organization of the center spindle by associating with polymerized microtubules (By similarity). Involved in the recruitment of CPC to centromeres during early mitosis via association with histone H3 phosphorylated at 'Thr-3' (H3pT3) during mitosis (By similarity). The complex with RAN plays a role in mitotic spindle formation by serving as a physical scaffold to help deliver the RAN effector molecule TPX2 to microtubules (By similarity). May counteract a default induction of apoptosis in G2/M phase (By similarity). The acetylated form represses STAT3 transactivation of target gene promoters (By similarity). May play a role in neoplasia. Inhibitor of CASP3 and CASP7 (By similarity). Essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and function (PubMed:25778398).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The BIR repeat is necessary and sufficient for LAMTOR5 binding.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the Cul9-RING ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, leading to its degradation. Ubiquitination is required for centrosomal targeting. Deubiquitinated by USP35 or USP38; leading to stabilization.
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Cyp27b1
gene id: 10090:Cyp27b1
uniprot id: O35084
uniprot id: Q66JY8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in vitamin D metabolism and in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the activation of vitamin D in the kidney, namely the hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3/calcidiol at the C1-alpha position to form the hormonally active form of vitamin D3, 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3/calcitriol that acts via the vitamin D receptor (VDR) (PubMed:15972816, PubMed:10092858). Has 1-alpha-hydroxylase activity on vitamin D intermediates of the CYP24A1-mediated inactivation pathway. Converts 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3/secalciferol to 1-alpha,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D3, an active ligand of VDR. Also active on 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (By similarity). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via FDXR/adrenodoxin reductase and FDX1/adrenodoxin (PubMed:15972816, PubMed:10092858).
messages: Activated by cardiolipin and dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), phospholipids found in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Inhibited by high substrate concentration.
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Kidney.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Arhgap25
gene id: 10090:Arhgap25
uniprot id: Q8BYW1
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Arl5c
gene id: 10090:Arl5c
uniprot id: Q6P068
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: Binds and exchanges GTP and GDP.

10090:AI593442
gene id: 10090:AI593442
uniprot id: Q32M26
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim43b
gene id: 10090:Trim43b
uniprot id: P86448
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Expression is restricted to preimplantation embryos and peaks at the 8-cell to morula stage.

10090:Far2
gene id: 10090:Far2
uniprot id: Q7TNT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fatty acyl-CoA reductase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of saturated but not unsaturated C16 or C18 fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohols. A lower activity can be observed with shorter fatty acyl-CoA substrates (PubMed:15220348). It may play a role in the production of ether lipids/plasmalogens and wax monoesters which synthesis requires fatty alcohols as substrates (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in the meibomian glands of the eyelid and the sebaceous glands of the skin. Also expressed in the brain where large quantities of ether lipids are synthesized.

10090:Aox2
gene id: 10090:Aox2
uniprot id: Q5SGK3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AOX genes evolved from a xanthine oxidoreductase ancestral precursor via a series of gene duplication and suppression/deletion events. Different animal species contain a different complement of AOX genes encoding an equivalent number of AOX isoenzymes. In mammals, the two extremes are represented by certain rodents such as mice and rats, which are endowed with 4 AOX genes, and by humans, whose genome is characterized by a single active gene (PubMed:23263164).
messages: Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family.
messages: Binds 1 FAD per subunit.
messages: Binds 1 Mo-molybdopterin (Mo-MPT) cofactor per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 [2Fe-2S] clusters per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in olfactory mucosa epithelium (at protein level). Detected in skin.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Oxidase with broad substrate specificity, oxidizing aromatic azaheterocycles, such as phthalazine, as well as aldehydes, such as benzaldehyde and retinal. Cannot use hypoxanthine as substrate.

10090:Atl2
gene id: 10090:Atl2
uniprot id: E9QND8
uniprot id: Q6PA06
uniprot id: Q8BYP9
uniprot id: Q9D873
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans-homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis.
messages: Interacts with REEP5 and RTN3 (PubMed:19665976). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (By similarity).

10090:Coro1a
gene id: 10090:Coro1a
uniprot id: O89053
uniprot id: Q3U1N0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
messages: Binds actin.
messages: Expressed in spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, brain and at very lower levels in lung. Also expressed in cells of the lymphoid/myeloid lineage. Not expressed in Kuffper cells.
messages: May be a crucial component of the cytoskeleton of highly motile cells, functioning both in the invagination of large pieces of plasma membrane, as well as in forming protrusions of the plasma membrane involved in cell locomotion. In mycobacteria-infected cells, its retention on the phagosomal membrane prevents fusion between phagosomes and lysosomes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Polyubiquitinated by RNF128 with 'Lys-48'-linked chains, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: phosphorylation at Ser-412 by PKC strongly down-regulates the association with actin.

10090:Hnrnpc
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpc
uniprot id: Q9Z204
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRM HNRPC family. RALY subfamily.
messages: Binds pre-mRNA and nucleates the assembly of 40S hnRNP particles. Interacts with poly-U tracts in the 3'-UTR or 5'-UTR of mRNA and modulates the stability and the level of translation of bound mRNA molecules. Single HNRNPC tetramers bind 230-240 nucleotides. Trimers of HNRNPC tetramers bind 700 nucleotides. May play a role in the early steps of spliceosome assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been shown to alter the local structure in mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) via a mechanism named 'm(6)A-switch', facilitating binding of HNRNPC, leading to regulation of mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-268 and Ser-306 in resting cells.
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation reduces affinity for mRNA.
messages: Tetramer composed of 3 copies of isoform C1 and 1 copy of isoform C2. Assembly of 3 tetramers with bound pre-mRNA gives rise to a 19S complex that interacts with HNRNPA2B1 tetramers. Component of the 40S hnRNP particle. Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with DHX9; this interaction is direct, enhanced probably by their concomitant binding to RNA and mediates the attachment to actin filaments (By similarity). Interacts with PPIA/CYPA (By similarity).

10090:Jph1
gene id: 10090:Jph1
uniprot id: Q9ET80
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the junctophilin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Junctophilins contribute to the formation of junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) which link the plasma membrane with the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells. Provides a structural foundation for functional cross-talk between the cell surface and intracellular calcium release channels. JPH1 contributes to the construction of the skeletal muscle triad by linking the t-tubule (transverse-tubule) and SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum) membranes.
messages: Mice are unable to suckle probably due to defective E-C coupling in jaw muscles, and die shortly after birth. In skeletal muscles, triad junctions are reduced in number. Mutant mice developed less contractile force and abnormal sensitivities to extracellular Ca(2+) were observed. Sarcoplasmic reticulum is often structurally abnormal.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. Weakly expressed in embryos and neonates. Abundant in young adult muscles.
messages: The MORN (membrane occupation and recognition nexus) repeats contribute to the plasma membrane binding, possibly by interacting with phospholipids.

10090:Med20
gene id: 10090:Med20
uniprot id: Q9R0X0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 20 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity). Interacts with PPARG.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cacng4
gene id: 10090:Cacng4
uniprot id: A2AAU2
uniprot id: Q9JJV4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. CACNG subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with CACNA1C. Identified in a complex with the L-type calcium channel subunits CACNA1C, CACNA2D1 and either CACNB1 or CACNB2 (By similarity). Acts as an auxiliary subunit for AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Interacts with GRIA1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs), including GRIA1 and GRIA4. Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization (PubMed:17880894).
messages: Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs), including GRIA1 and GRIA4. Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by slowing their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization and by mediating their resensitization.

10090:2700062C07Rik
gene id: 10090:2700062C07Rik
uniprot id: Q5XFZ0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0711 family.

10090:Brsk1
gene id: 10090:Brsk1
uniprot id: Q5RJI5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-189 by STK11/LKB1.
messages: Activity is high in G0, decreases after serum addition, and increases transiently in advanced G1, at G1-S, and in S phases.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are fertile and healthy. In contrast, mice lacking both Brsk1 and Brsk2 show little spontaneous movement and are only weakly responsive to tactile stimulation: they die within 2 hours of birth. Defects are due to impaired neuronal differentiation and polarity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-189 by STK11/LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRADA) pseudo kinase and CAB39. Not phosphorylated at Thr-189 by CaMKK2. In contrast, it is phosphorylated and activated by CaMKK1. May be inactivated via dephosphorylation of Thr-189 by PP2C.
messages: Present in the gray matter of the brain and spinal cord (at protein level). Expressed in the nervous system, distributed within the brain and spinal cord of embryonic and postnatal animals.
messages: Presynaptic active zone
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a key role in polarization of neurons and centrosome duplication. Phosphorylates CDC25B, CDC25C, MAPT/TAU, RIMS1, TUBG1, TUBG2 and WEE1. Following phosphorylation and activation by STK11/LKB1, acts as a key regulator of polarization of cortical neurons, probably by mediating phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins such as MAPT/TAU at 'Thr-504' and 'Ser-554'. Also regulates neuron polarization by mediating phosphorylation of WEE1 at 'Ser-642' in postmitotic neurons, leading to down-regulate WEE1 activity in polarized neurons. In neurons, localizes to synaptic vesicles and plays a role in neurotransmitter release, possibly by phosphorylating RIMS1. Also acts as a positive regulator of centrosome duplication by mediating phosphorylation of gamma-tubulin (TUBG1 and TUBG2) at 'Ser-131', leading to translocation of gamma-tubulin and its associated proteins to the centrosome. Involved in the UV-induced DNA damage checkpoint response, probably by inhibiting CDK1 activity through phosphorylation and activation of WEE1, and inhibition of CDC25B and CDC25C.
messages: Synapse
messages: centrosome
messages: synaptic vesicle

10090:Rpp30
gene id: 10090:Rpp30
uniprot id: O88796
uniprot id: Q3TF81
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 3 family.
messages: Component of nuclear RNase P and RNase MRP ribonucleoproteins. RNase P consists of a catalytic RNA moiety and about 10 protein subunits; POP1, POP4, POP5, POP7, RPP14, RPP21, RPP25, RPP30, RPP38 and RPP40. Within the RNase P complex, POP1, POP7 and RPP25 form the 'finger' subcomplex, POP5, RPP14, RPP40 and homodimeric RPP30 form the 'palm' subcomplex, and RPP21, POP4 and RPP38 form the 'wrist' subcomplex. All subunits of the RNase P complex interact with the catalytic RNA. Several subunits of RNase P are also part of the RNase MRP complex. RNase MRP consists of a catalytic RNA moiety and about 8 protein subunits; POP1, POP7, RPP25, RPP30, RPP38, RPP40 and possibly also POP4 and POP5.
messages: Component of ribonuclease P, a ribonucleoprotein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5'-ends. Also a component of the MRP ribonuclease complex, which cleaves pre-rRNA sequences.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tmsb15b1
gene id: 10090:Tmsb15b1
uniprot id: A2AF33
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thymosin beta family.
messages: Plays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Olfm5
gene id: 10090:Olfm5
uniprot id: Q8BU90
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Pde8a
gene id: 10090:Pde8a
uniprot id: O88502
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE8 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain containing two putative divalent metal sites and an N-terminal regulatory domain.
messages: Expressed in embryos at 7 dpc. Not detected at later stages, including 11, 15 and 17 dpc (PubMed:9671792). In the testis, expression restricted to middle and late pachytene spermatocytes (PubMed:9671792).
messages: Expressed in multiple tissues, with highest levels in testis, followed by liver, heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. In the testis, expressed specifically in the seminiferous tubules, in postmitotic pachytene spermatocytes (PubMed:9671792). Low expression, if any, in lung, smooth muscle, pancreas, thyroid, thymus, submaxillary gland, spleen, prostate, epididymus, uterus (PubMed:9671792).
messages: Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes. May be involved in maintaining basal levels of the cyclic nucleotide and/or in the cAMP regulation of germ cell development. Binding to RAF1 reduces RAF1 'Ser-259' inhibitory-phosphorylation and stimulates RAF1-dependent EGF-activated ERK-signaling. Protects against cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide and staurosporine.
messages: Inhibited by dipyridimole. Insensitive to selective PDE inhibitor rolipram and to the non-selective inhibitor, IBMX.
messages: Interacts with RAF1. The interaction promotes RAF1 activity.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-355 by PKA under elevated cAMP conditions, this enhances catalytic activity.
messages: Reduced phosphorylation of Mapk1/Erk2 and Mapk3/Erk1, both basal levels and those induced by EGF treatment.

10090:Natd1
gene id: 10090:Natd1
uniprot id: Q9DBW3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NATD1 family.
messages: Detected at multiple sites in embryonic day 10.5 embryos, including the genital ridges, the aortic endothelium and endothelium-associated cell clusters within the aortic lumen.
messages: Expressed in the heart, testis, kidney and lung.

10090:Or8u8
gene id: 10090:Or8u8
uniprot id: Q8VFL0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trip12
gene id: 10090:Trip12
uniprot id: G5E870
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UPL family. K-HECT subfamily.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in ubiquitin fusion degradation (UFD) pathway and regulation of DNA repair. Part of the ubiquitin fusion degradation (UFD) pathway, a process that mediates ubiquitination of protein at their N-terminus, regardless of the presence of lysine residues in target proteins. Acts as a key regulator of DNA damage response by acting as a suppressor of RNF168, an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes accumulation of 'Lys-63'-linked histone H2A and H2AX at DNA damage sites, thereby acting as a guard against excessive spreading of ubiquitinated chromatin at damaged chromosomes. In normal cells, mediates ubiquitination and degradation of isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A, a lysine-less tumor suppressor required for p53/TP53 activation under oncogenic stress. In cancer cells, however, isoform p19ARF/ARF and TRIP12 are located in different cell compartments, preventing isoform p19ARF/ARF ubiquitination and degradation. Does not mediate ubiquitination of isoform p16-INK4a of CDKN2A. Also catalyzes ubiquitination of NAE1 and SMARCE1, leading to their degradation. Ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins is regulated by interaction with proteins such as MYC, TRADD or SMARCC1, which disrupt the interaction between TRIP12 and target proteins. Mediates ubiquitination of ASXL1: following binding to N(6)-methyladenosine methylated DNA, ASXL1 is ubiquitinated by TRIP12, leading to its degradation and subsequent inactivation of the PR-DUB complex.
messages: Embryonic lethality in the middle stage of development. Embryos exhibit growth arrest, while ES cells are viable. ES cells show decreased proliferation, but maintain both the undifferentiated state and the ability to differentiate.
messages: Interacts with MYC; leading to disrupt interaction with isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A. Interacts with TRADD; leading to disrupt interaction with isoform p19ARF/ARF of CDKN2A. Interacts with SMARCC1; leading to disrupt interaction with SMARCE1.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Or4k15c
gene id: 10090:Or4k15c
uniprot id: E9Q8X3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccser2
gene id: 10090:Ccser2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J2A7
uniprot id: Q3UHI0
uniprot id: S4R211
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCSER family.
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: Microtubule-binding protein which might play a role in microtubule bundling.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Brcc3dc
gene id: 10090:Brcc3dc
uniprot id: Q7M757
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. BRCC36 subfamily.
messages: Metalloprotease that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.

10090:Nkx2-6
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-6
uniprot id: P43688
uniprot id: Q9CVN3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator (By similarity). In conjunction with NKX2-5, may play a role in both pharyngeal and cardiac embryonic development (PubMed:10733590, PubMed:11390666).
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in developing gut endoderm, cardiac progenitors and heart. Expression restricted to the very narrow development period between stages 8.0 and 11.5 dpc. First detected at 8.0 dpc in the endoderm of the lateral walls and lip of the forming foregut pocket, directly juxtaposed to cardiogenic mesoderm. At 8.5 dpc, expressed in the forming pharynx, predominantly in its lateral aspects where pouches will form. From 8.5 to 11.5 dpc, expressed in the ventrolateral endoderm of all forming pouches, as well as in juxtaposed arch ectoderm and mesenchyme. Expression levels decrease as pouches matured. Also expressed in the ventral hindgut endoderm from 9.5 dpc and in a short segment at the foregut-midgut junction spanning the proximal parts of the common bile and pancreatic ducts.
messages: No visible phenotype; possibly due to the redundancy with NKX2-6. Mutant mice are viable and fertile. No obvious abnormalities in the caudal pharyngeal pouch derivatives (thymus, parathyroid glands, and thyroid gland), heart and gut. In NKX2-5 and NKX2-6 double mutants, the pharynx does not form properly and the development of the atrium is less advanced.
messages: Not detected in any neonate or adult tissues.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or52h1
gene id: 10090:Or52h1
uniprot id: Q8VG19
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Car7
gene id: 10090:Car7
uniprot id: G3XA26
uniprot id: Q3UND9
uniprot id: Q9ERQ8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.

10090:Adam19
gene id: 10090:Adam19
uniprot id: O35674
uniprot id: Q3UH67
uniprot id: Q3UHT3
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By calcitriol and during osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Expressed in the heart and in the tail bud at 8.0 dpc, and then in the cranial and dorsal root ganglia. Also expressed weakly and transiently in the intestine, lung and in bone marrow.
messages: Interacts with SH3PXD2A.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Participates in the proteolytic processing of beta-type neuregulin isoforms which are involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, suggesting a regulatory role in glial cell. Also cleaves alpha-2 macroglobulin. May be involved in osteoblast differentiation and/or osteoblast activity in bone (By similarity).
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: Widely expressed, with the highest expression in bone, heart and lung, followed by brain and spleen and relatively low expression in liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. In bone, primarily expressed in cell of the osteoblast lineage and not detected in mature osteoclasts.

10090:Antxr1
gene id: 10090:Antxr1
uniprot id: Q9CZ52
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with gelatin and type 1 collagen. Interacts with the actin cytoskeleton.
messages: Plays a role in cell attachment and migration. Interacts with extracellular matrix proteins and with the actin cytoskeleton. Mediates adhesion of cells to type 1 collagen and gelatin, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and promotes cell spreading. Plays a role in the angiogenic response of cultured umbilical vein endothelial cells.
messages: filopodium membrane
messages: lamellipodium membrane

10090:Arhgap20
gene id: 10090:Arhgap20
uniprot id: Q6IFT4
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Cfap57
gene id: 10090:Cfap57
uniprot id: Q9D180
names: Developmental Stage
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expression in the palate increases from 12.5 up to 15.5 dpc. At 14.5, detected in the nasal epithelium and detected in the medial edge epithelium. At 15.5 dpc, very strong expression in the nasal respiratory epithelium and epidermis, but not in the oral epithelium. In the nasal epithelium, limited to the respiratory, but not the olfactory, epithelium.
messages: Predominanly expressed in testis, lung and skin. Weak expression in brain and kidney.

10090:Obp2a
gene id: 10090:Obp2a
uniprot id: Q8K1H9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Expressed in the epididymis from 3 weeks of age.
messages: Expressed in the liver (at protein level) (PubMed:21908604, PubMed:27827363). Expressed in epididymis (PubMed:15363845).
messages: Involved in the regulation of systematic glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity (PubMed:27827363). Involved in the regulation of liver lipid levels by positive regulation of hepatic lipogenesis and negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation; via downstream transcriptional regulation of CPT1A and hepatic lipogenic program gene expression (PubMed:21908604). May regulate hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation in an autocrine or paracrine manner (PubMed:21908604).
messages: May be involved in the development of hepatic steatosis during obesity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ppp2r5d
gene id: 10090:Ppp2r5d
uniprot id: Q91V89
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family.
messages: The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment.

10090:Adam11
gene id: 10090:Adam11
uniprot id: Q3TZE2
uniprot id: Q7TQG7
uniprot id: Q9R1V4
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A conserved motif [AVN[ED]CD] within the disintegrin-like domain could be involved in the binding to the integrin receptor.
messages: Abundantly expressed in cerebellar cortex basket cell terminals and pinceaux, weakly expressed in Purkinje cells (at protein level) (PubMed:26269648). Weakly expressed in the heart (PubMed:10433968). Abundantly in expressed in neurons throughout the central nervous system including the telencephalon, diencephalic and brainstem nuclei, cerebellum and spinal cord (PubMed:12088751, PubMed:10433968). Expressed in the peripheral nervous system trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia (PubMed:12088751). Expressed in the ganglion and bipolar cells of the retinae and weakly in the cornea of the eyes (PubMed:12088751). Expressed in the hepatocytes of the parenchyma and hepatic lobules of the liver (PubMed:12088751, PubMed:10433968). Expressed in distinct focal areas in the juxtamedullary cortex of the kidney (PubMed:12088751). Expressed in spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules of the testes (PubMed:12088751, PubMed:10433968). Expressed in the stratum spinosum of the stratified squamous epithelia of the tongue and esophagus (PubMed:12088751).
messages: Abundantly expressed in the neural crest-derived structures with low expression in the neural tube at 10 dpc (PubMed:12088751). Expressed in the dorsal root ganglia from 10 to 17 dpc (PubMed:12088751). Expression in the neural tube increases from 11 dpc to 13dpc, at 13 dpc expression is particularly abundant in the diencephalon, brainstem and spinal cord (PubMed:12088751). Expression increases from 13 dpc to postnatal day 1.5 (P1.5) in the telencephalon, whereas expression in the diencephalic and brainstem decreases over this period (PubMed:12088751). Expressed weakly in the developing heart at 13dpc but not at later developmental stages (PubMed:12088751). Expressed weaky in the kidney from 13dpc through to adulthood (PubMed:12088751). Initially expressed in the retinae at 15 dpc, expression is maintained through to adulthood (PubMed:12088751). Abundantly expressed in brown fat beginning at 17 dpc, expression levels are reduced to a low level at P1.5 (PubMed:12088751).
messages: Interacts with LGI1 and LGI4 (PubMed:18974846). Interacts with KCNA1/KV1.1, KCNA2/KV1.2, DLG4/PSD-95 and ADAM22 (PubMed:26269648).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Morphologically normal, including normal hippocampus and cerebellum morphology (PubMed:16504143). Develop a stress response that includes stationary stance progressing to a high amplitude coarse truncal tremor and ataxic gait when exposed to cold-water swim (PubMed:26269648). Loss of KCNA1/KV1.1 and KCNA2/KV1.2 at cerebellar cortex basket cell distal terminals results in loss of ephaptic inhibitory synchronization of Purkinje cell firing (PubMed:26269648). Impaired spatial learning and motor coordination (PubMed:16504143). Decrease in pain response to chemical stimuli such as subcutaneous injection of formalin or acetic acid (PubMed:16729981).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Probable ligand for integrin in the brain. This is a non catalytic metalloprotease-like protein. Required for localization of the potassium channel subunit proteins KCNA1/KV1.1 and KCNA2/KV1.2 at cerebellar cortex basket cell distal terminals, is thereby involved in ephaptic inhibitory synchronization of Purkinje cell firing and response to stress (PubMed:26269648). Plays a role in spatial learning and motor coordination (PubMed:16504143). Involved in the nociceptive pain response to chemical-derived stimulation (PubMed:16729981).
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: axon

10090:Tgfbr3l
gene id: 10090:Tgfbr3l
uniprot id: D3YZZ2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in gonadotrope cells, acts as an inhibin B coreceptor and regulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and female fertility.
messages: Expressed in pituitary gland gonadotrope cells.
messages: Females show no effects on puberty onset, estrous cyclicity and body weight. They have increased litter sizes relative to wild-type with normal litter frequency. Females ovulate more eggs in natural cycles with increased uterine implantation sites. They have increased numbers of antral follicles and corpora lutea (PubMed:34910520). Double knockout females for TGFBR3L and gonadotrope-specific TGFBR3 are infertile. They have increased serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), pituitary protein content relative to controls. They have larger ovaries with increased numbers of antral follicles and corpora lutea (PubMed:34910520).
messages: Glycosylated.

10090:Scai
gene id: 10090:Scai
uniprot id: Q8C8N2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SCAI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in most tissues tested with higher expression levels in brain, spleen and thymus.
messages: Interacts with DIAPH1. Forms a nuclear ternary complex with MRTFA and SRF.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tumor suppressor which functions to suppress MRTFA-induced SRF transcriptional activity. May function in the RHOA-DIAPH1 signal transduction pathway and regulate cell migration through transcriptional regulation of ITGB1.

10090:Wbp1
gene id: 10090:Wbp1
uniprot id: P97764
names: Domain
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to the WW domain of YAP1, WWP1 and WWP2. Interacts with WWOX (By similarity). Interacts with NEDD4.
messages: The PPxY motif 2 mediates interaction with WWOX (By similarity). Both PPxY motifs mediate interaction with NEDD4.

10090:Rab44
gene id: 10090:Rab44
uniprot id: Q8CB87
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Mrpl24
gene id: 10090:Mrpl24
uniprot id: Q9CQ06
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Mindy2
gene id: 10090:Mindy2
uniprot id: Q6PDI6
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family. FAM63 subfamily.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Hydrolase that can remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins. Can also bind to polyubiquitin chains of different linkage types, including 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11', 'Lys-29', 'Lys-33' and 'Lys-63'. May play a regulatory role at the level of protein turnover.

10090:Smc1b
gene id: 10090:Smc1b
uniprot id: A1L2Z0
uniprot id: Q920F6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. SMC1 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SMC3. Component of a meiosis-specific cohesin complex, probably composed of the SMC1B and SMC3 heterodimer attached via their SMC hinge domain, RAD21 (or its meiosis-specific related protein REC8), which link them, and STAG3, which interacts with RAD21 or REC8. The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4. NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (By similarity).
messages: Meiosis-specific component of cohesin complex. Required for the maintenance of meiotic cohesion, but not, or only to a minor extent, for its establishment. Contributes to axial element (AE) formation and the organization of chromatin loops along the AE. Plays a key role in synapsis, recombination and chromosome movements. The cohesin complex is required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The meiosis-specific cohesin complex probably replaces mitosis specific cohesin complex when it dissociates from chromatin during prophase I.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Spermatocytes (at protein level). Testis and ovary specific. Not expressed in somatic cells.
messages: The flexible SMC hinge domain, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions, allows the heterotypic interaction with the corresponding domain of SMC3, forming a V-shaped heterodimer. The two heads of the heterodimer are then connected by different ends of the cleavable RAD21 or REC8 protein, forming a ring structure (By similarity).
messages: centromere

10090:Heatr3
gene id: 10090:Heatr3
uniprot id: Q8BQM4
names: Function
messages: Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis and in nuclear import of the 60S ribosomal protein L5/large ribosomal subunit protein uL18 (RPL5). Required for proper erythrocyte maturation.

10090:Vmn2r10
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r10
uniprot id: K7N621
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rad52
gene id: 10090:Rad52
uniprot id: G5E879
uniprot id: P43352
uniprot id: Q8VEE2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RAD52 family.
messages: Involved in double-stranded break repair. Plays a central role in genetic recombination and DNA repair by promoting the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and by stimulation of the RAD51 recombinase.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage by ABL1, and probably by ATM or ATR.
messages: The full-length protein forms heptameric rings. Interacts with ABL1. Interacts with RPA2; the interaction is direct and associates RAD52 with the RPA complex. Interacts with RAD51AP1.

10090:Polr2g
gene id: 10090:Polr2g
uniprot id: P62488
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex consisting of 12 subunits. RPB4 and RPB7 form a subcomplex that protrudes from the 10-subunit Pol II core complex.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB7 is part of a subcomplex with RPB4 that binds to a pocket formed by RPB1, RPB2 and RPB6 at the base of the clamp element. The RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex seems to lock the clamp via RPB7 in the closed conformation thus preventing double-stranded DNA to enter the active site cleft. The RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex binds single-stranded DNA and RNA. Binds RNA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Alkbh1
gene id: 10090:Alkbh1
uniprot id: P0CB42
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Deficiency results in 80% reduction of the litter size due to embryonic lethality (PubMed:21072209, PubMed:23825659). Surviving pups exhibit a gender bias in favor of males (70% males and 30% females) (PubMed:21072209, PubMed:23825659). Intrauterine growth retardation and placental defects. Altered expression of trophoblast lineage-specific genes (PubMed:18163532). Increased N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) DNA (PubMed:27027282). No effect on H2AK118 or H2AK119 methylation, suggesting that Alkbh1 does not act as a histone demethylase in vivo (PubMed:27027282). Cells show an strong increase of N(1)-methyladenine-containing tRNAs (PubMed:27745969).
messages: Dioxygenase that acts as on nucleic acids, such as DNA and tRNA (PubMed:27027282, PubMed:27745969). Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron (PubMed:27027282). A number of activities have been described for this dioxygenase, but recent results suggest that it mainly acts as on tRNAs and mediates their demethylation or oxidation depending on the context and subcellular compartment (By similarity). Mainly acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs, with a preference for N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) present on a stem loop structure of tRNAs (PubMed:27745969). Acts as a regulator of translation initiation and elongation in response to glucose deprivation: regulates both translation initiation, by mediating demethylation of tRNA(Met), and translation elongation, N(1)-methyladenine-containing tRNAs being preferentially recruited to polysomes to promote translation elongation (By similarity). In mitochondrion, specifically interacts with mt-tRNA(Met) and mediates oxidation of mt-tRNA(Met) methylated at cytosine(34) to form 5-formylcytosine (f(5)c) at this position (By similarity). mt-tRNA(Met) containing the f(5)c modification at the wobble position enables recognition of the AUA codon in addition to the AUG codon, expanding codon recognition in mitochondrial translation (By similarity). Specifically demethylates DNA methylated on the 6th position of adenine (N(6)-methyladenosine) DNA (PubMed:27027282). N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) DNA is present at some L1 elements in embryonic stem cells and probably promotes their silencing (PubMed:27027282). Demethylates mRNAs containing N(3)-methylcytidine modification (By similarity). Also able to repair alkylated single-stranded DNA by oxidative demethylation, but with low activity (By similarity). Also has DNA lyase activity and introduces double-stranded breaks at abasic sites: cleaves both single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA at abasic sites, with the greatest act…
messages: H2A histone demethylase activity was observed in vitro (PubMed:22961808). The relevance of such activity is however unclear and additional experimental evidence would be needed to confirm this activity in vivo.
messages: In adult organs, highly expressed in testis, eye, brain and kidney.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJB6 (PubMed:18163532).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The DNA N6-methyl adenine demethylase activity is subject to discussion. While DNA N6-methyl adenine demethylase activity was observed by a report (PubMed:27027282). Another group was unable to detect clear DNA N6-methyl adenine demethylase activity in vivo (PubMed:27745969).
messages: Weak expression throughout the embryo at 8.5 dpc. As the cells migrate and differentiate during organogenesis, expressed in the spinal cord, forebrain and branchial arches at 9.5 dpc, and also in limb buds at 10.5 dpc. Peak expression at 11.5 dpc in the frontonasal process including telencephalon, maxillary, mandibular and hyoid arches, upper and lower limb buds and midbrain and rhombomere 1 roof plates. Expression decreases considerably from 11.5 dpc to 12.5 dpc (PubMed:21072209). At 8.5 dpc is highly expressed in the chorion and the ectoplacental cone. At 10.5 dpc is highly expressed in multiple trophoblast lineages (spongiotrophoblasts, giant cell trophoblasts, glycogen cells, and labyrinthine trophoblasts). The highest placental level is at 9.5 dpc and subsequently decreases until parturition (PubMed:18163532).

10090:Psg22
gene id: 10090:Psg22
uniprot id: Q810J1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA family.
messages: Expressed in placental trophoblast giant cells from 5.5 dpc onwards, with increased expression by 10.5 dpc (at protein level). Also detected on the decidua basalis at 10.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: May have an angiogenic function during early placental development. Binds to cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), and stimulates secretion of the proangiogenic factors VEGFA and TGFB from uterine dendritic cells and natural killer cells. Also induces endothelial tube formation in vitro.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cd79a
gene id: 10090:Cd79a
uniprot id: P11911
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation in the ITAM domain may interfere with the binding of SYK. It promotes signals leading to B-cell differentiation.
messages: B-cells.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer of alpha and beta chains; disulfide-linked. Part of the B-cell antigen receptor complex where the alpha/beta chain heterodimer is non-covalently associated with an antigen-specific membrane-bound surface immunoglobulin of two heavy chains and two light chains. Interacts through its phosphorylated ITAM domain with the SH2 domains of SYK which stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Also interacts, when phosphorylated on Tyr-204, with the SH2 domain of BLNK/SLP65, bringing BLNK into proximity with SYK and allowing SYK to phosphorylate BLNK which is necessary for trafficking of the BCR to late endosomes. Interacts with Src-family tyrosine kinases including FYN and LYN, increasing their activity.
messages: Mice display impaired B-cell development which does not progress pass the progenitor stage.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine, serine and threonine residues upon B-cell activation. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues by Src-family kinases, including LYN, is an early and essential feature of the BCR signaling cascade. The phosphorylated tyrosines serve as docking sites for SH2-domain containing kinases, leading to their activation which in turn leads to phosphorylation of downstream targets. Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues may prevent subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation.
messages: Required in cooperation with CD79B for initiation of the signal transduction cascade activated by binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) which leads to internalization of the complex, trafficking to late endosomes and antigen presentation. Also required for BCR surface expression and for efficient differentiation of pro- and pre-B-cells. Stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Binds to BLNK, bringing BLNK into proximity with SYK and allowing SYK to phosphorylate BLNK. Also interacts with and increases activity of some Src-family tyrosine kinases. Represses BCR signaling during development of immature B-cells.

10090:Ubl3
gene id: 10090:Ubl3
uniprot id: Q9Z2M6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Topaz1
gene id: 10090:Topaz1
uniprot id: E5FYH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Important for normal spermatogenesis and male fertility. Specifically required for progression to the post-meiotic stages of spermatocyte development. Seems to be necessary for normal expression levels of a number of testis-expressed gene transcripts, although its role in this process is unclear.
messages: In both developing female and male gonads, first detected at 12.5 dpc, expression increases until 16.5 dpc and then drops (PubMed:22069478). Divergence between male and female expression starts around 5 days after birth (PubMed:22069478). In ovaries, expression decreases and becomes hardly detectable in adult ovaries, while in testis, expression increases 5 days after birth and becomes strong in the adult (PubMed:22069478). In both males and females, expression is restricted to germ cells (PubMed:22069478). In developing male germ cells, highly expressed at the spermatocyte stage; has little or no expression in round spermatids, elongated spermatids or spermatozoa (PubMed:26358182).
messages: Males are infertile, while female fertility is not affected. Testis size is significantly reduced with the phenotype apparent from postnatal day 28 (P28) onwards. Testicular histology appears to be normal before P28, but then cell aggregates begin to accumulate in the center of seminiferous tubules. Sperm development arrests at the post-meiotic round spermatid stage, associated with increased apoptosis. Adult testes completely lack round spermatids and spermatozoa. Meiosis appears to be normal up to the pachytene stage, with no apparent effect on synaptonemal complex formation or meiotic sex chromosome inactivation. However, chromosome alignment on the metaphase plate may be abnormal. In stage P20 testes, 99 gene transcripts show abnormal expression levels, including around 10 lincRNAs.
messages: Restricted to testis, where it localizes to germ cells.
messages: cytosol

10090:Myo1d
gene id: 10090:Myo1d
uniprot id: Q3UG58
uniprot id: Q5SYD0
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Binds a calmodulin chain via each of the two IQ domains. IQ domain 1 mediates interaction with calmodulin both in the presence and in the absence of Ca(2+). IQ domain 2 mediates interaction with calmodulin in the presence of Ca(2+).
messages: Contrary to the situation in zebrafish, xenopus and drosophila, mammalian MYO1D defects have no effects on left-right body asymmetry.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in enterocytes at the intestinal brush border membrane. Detected at the tip of intestinal microvilli (at protein level).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Interacts (via the two IQ motifs) with calmodulin. Binds an additional calmodulin chain via a third, C-terminal region. Interacts with F-actin.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).
messages: The TH1 domain is required for activity in complementing zebrafish defects in Kupffer's vesicle lumen size.
messages: Unconventional myosin that functions as actin-based motor protein with ATPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in endosomal protein trafficking, and especially in the transfer of cargo proteins from early to recycling endosomes (By similarity). Required for normal planar cell polarity in ciliated tracheal cells, for normal rotational polarity of cilia, and for coordinated, unidirectional ciliary movement in the trachea. Required for normal, polarized cilia organization in brain ependymal epithelial cells (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: dendrite

10090:Stk31
gene id: 10090:Stk31
uniprot id: Q99MW1
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Ser-855 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue.
messages: Testis specific. Expressed only in male germ cells.

10090:Sec24c
gene id: 10090:Sec24c
uniprot id: A0A286YDI8
uniprot id: G3X972
uniprot id: Q80U83
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC24 subfamily.
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Glg1
gene id: 10090:Glg1
uniprot id: Q53WR6
uniprot id: Q61543
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds fibroblast growth factor and E-selectin (cell-adhesion lectin on endothelial cells mediating the binding of neutrophils).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains sialic acid residues.
messages: Fucosylation is essential for binding to E-selectin.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Golgi outpost
messages: Membrane
messages: Widely expressed; found in myeloid cells, fibroblasts, colon carcinoma, endothelioma, teratocarcinoma, lymphoma, myeloma.
messages: microtubule organizing center

10090:Srcin1
gene id: 10090:Srcin1
uniprot id: Q9QWI6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of SRC by activating CSK which inhibits SRC activity and downstream signaling, leading to impaired cell spreading and migration. Regulates dendritic spine morphology. Involved in calcium-dependent exocytosis. May play a role in neurotransmitter release or synapse maintenance (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the SRCIN1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in central nervous system with high levels detected in cortex, cerebellum, midbrain and spinal cord (at protein level). Also expressed in testis and epithelial-rich tissues such as mammary gland, lung and kidney.
messages: Interacts with the N-terminal coiled-coil region of SNAP25. Interacts with BCAR1/p130Cas and SRC through its C-terminal domain. Interacts with CSK, CTTN, SORBS3/vinexin, SYP and MAPRE3/EB3 (By similarity).
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Presynapse
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated in response to EGF and to cell adhesion to integrin ligands.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Tmem86a
gene id: 10090:Tmem86a
uniprot id: Q9D8N3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adipocyte-specific knockout mice show elevated levels of lysoplasmalogens in adipose tissue and enhanced PKA-signaling pathway and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in adipose tissue.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM86 family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the vinyl ether bond of choline or ethanolamine lysoplasmalogens, forming fatty aldehyde and glycerophosphocholine or glycerophosphoethanolamine, respectively and is specific for the sn-2-deacylated (lyso) form of plasmalogen (PubMed:35835749, PubMed:36592658). Plays an important role in lysoplasmalogen metabolism in the adipocyte tissue and macrophages (PubMed:35835749, PubMed:36592658).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the jejunum, white adipose tissue, kidney and macrophages.
messages: Sterol-inducible in the macrophages and the induction is mediated by the liver X receptor (LXR) (PubMed:36592658). Up-regulated by high-fat diet in the white adipose tissue (PubMed:35835749).

10090:Psenen
gene id: 10090:Psenen
uniprot id: Q9CQR7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 3D-structure analysis of the human homolog indicates that the membrane topology differs from the predictions. Contrary to predictions, the N-terminus contains two short helices that dip into the membrane, but do not cross it. The C-terminus contains the single transmembrane helix. This gives rise to a topology where the N-terminus is cytoplasmic and the C-terminus is lumenal.
messages: Belongs to the PEN-2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Essential subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid-beta precursor protein) (PubMed:12522139, PubMed:24941111). The gamma-secretase complex plays a role in Notch and Wnt signaling cascades and regulation of downstream processes via its role in processing key regulatory proteins, and by regulating cytosolic CTNNB1 levels (Probable). PSENEN modulates both endoproteolysis of presenilin and gamma-secretase activity (PubMed:12522139, PubMed:24941111).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: The functional gamma-secretase complex is composed of at least four polypeptides: a presenilin homodimer (PSEN1 or PSEN2), nicastrin (NCSTN), APH1 (APH1A or APH1B) and PSENEN.

10090:Cyth3
gene id: 10090:Cyth3
uniprot id: O08967
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoinhibited by its C-terminal basic region.
messages: Binds via its PH domain to the inositol head group of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with TAMALIN. Interacts with FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with FRMD4B (PubMed:20080746).
messages: Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1. Promotes the activation of ARF factors through replacement of GDP with GTP (PubMed:18042453). Plays a role in the epithelial polarization (PubMed:20080746).
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytosol
messages: tight junction

10090:Pitpna
gene id: 10090:Pitpna
uniprot id: P53810
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PtdIns transfer protein family. PI transfer class I subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) between membranes (PubMed:8049244). Shows a preference for PI and PC containing shorter saturated or monosaturated acyl chains at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions (By similarity). Preference order for PC is C16:1 > C16:0 > C18:1 > C18:0 > C20:4 and for PI is C16:1 > C16:0 > C18:1 > C18:0 > C20:4 > C20:3 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Pitpna are the cause of the vibrator phenotype which is characterized by early-onset progressive action tremor, degeneration of brain stem and spinal cord neurons, and juvenile death. The mutation is due to the insertion of an intracisternal A particle retrotransposon in intron 4 which results in a 5-fold reduction in protein levels.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PKC in a calcium and phosphatidylserine-dependent manner.

10090:Top2a
gene id: 10090:Top2a
uniprot id: Q01320
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
messages: Binds two Mg(2+) per subunit. The magnesium ions form salt bridges with both the protein and the DNA. Can also accept other divalent metal cations, such as Mn(2+) or Ca(2+).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Eukaryotic topoisomerase I and II can relax both negative and positive supercoils, whereas prokaryotic enzymes relax only negative supercoils.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with COPS5 (By similarity). Interacts with RECQL5; this stimulates DNA decatenation (By similarity). Interacts with SETMAR; stimulates the topoisomerase activity (By similarity). Interacts with DHX9; this interaction occurs in a E2 enzyme UBE2I- and RNA-dependent manner, negatively regulates DHX9-mediated double-stranded DNA and RNA duplex helicase activity and stimulates TOP2A-mediated supercoiled DNA relaxation activity (By similarity). Interacts with HNRNPU (via C-terminus); this interaction protects the topoisomerase TOP2A from degradation and positively regulates the relaxation of supercoiled DNA in a RNA-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with MCM3AP (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity). Interacts with PLSCR1 (By similarity). Interacts with GCNA; this interaction allows the resolution of topoisomerase II (TOP2A) DNA-protein cross-links (PubMed:31839538).
messages: Key decatenating enzyme that alters DNA topology by binding to two double-stranded DNA molecules, generating a double-stranded break in one of the strands, passing the intact strand through the broken strand, and religating the broken strand (PubMed:1331984). May play a role in regulating the period length of BMAL1 transcriptional oscillation (PubMed:24321095).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation has no effect on catalytic activity (By similarity). However, phosphorylation at Ser-1105 by CSNK1D/CK1 promotes DNA cleavable complex formation (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Cspg5
gene id: 10090:Cspg5
uniprot id: Q71M36
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Altered synaptic transmission at early developmental stages.
messages: Binds TNR and probably TNC (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB3 and GOPC. Interacts with MDK; this interaction is independent of the presence of chondroitin sulfate chains and promotes elongation of oligodendroglial precursor-like cells (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Different forms of various molecular weight have been observed. Such forms are possibly due to different levels of glycosylation, phosphorylation and/or protein cleavage.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in olfactory bulb, hippocampus, brain stem, spinal cord, cerebrum and cerebellum. Expressed by Purkinje cells in the cerebellum (at protein level). Expressed in immature and mature cerebellum (isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Major isoform.
messages: May function as a growth and differentiation factor involved in neuritogenesis. May induce ERBB3 activation.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: O-glycosylated; contains chondroitin sulfate glycans. Part-time proteoglycan, expressed in part as a proteoglycan exhibiting chondroitin sulfate glycans and in part as a non-proteoglycan form. The relative amount of both forms depends on tissues and tissue maturation. In the cerebellum the 2 forms coexist while in the cerebrum the proteoglycan form is predominant.
messages: Phosphorylated; in intracellular and extracellular parts.
messages: Secreted
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The proteoglycan form decreases from birth to adulthood in the cerebellum concomitant with non-proteoglycan form increase. In the cerebrum the maximum of expression of the proteoglycan is detected 15 days after birth and then decreases gradually to reach half-level at adulthood (at protein level).

10090:Zfp46
gene id: 10090:Zfp46
uniprot id: Q8BPP0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Lens, liver, heart, kidney, spleen and brain.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Thoc6
gene id: 10090:Thoc6
uniprot id: Q5U4D9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as component of the THO subcomplex of the TREX complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export, and which specifically associates with spliced mRNA and not with unspliced pre-mRNA. TREX is recruited to spliced mRNAs by a transcription-independent mechanism, binds to mRNA upstream of the exon-junction complex (EJC) and is recruited in a splicing- and cap-dependent manner to a region near the 5' end of the mRNA where it functions in mRNA export to the cytoplasm via the TAP/NFX1 pathway.Plays a role in apoptosis negative control involved in brain development (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat THOC6 family.
messages: Component of the THO complex, which is composed of THOC1, THOC2, THOC3, THOC5, THOC6 and THOC7; together with at least ALYREF/THOC4, DDX39B, SARNP/CIP29 and CHTOP, THO forms the transcription/export (TREX) complex which seems to have a dynamic structure involving ATP-dependent remodeling.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle

10090:Vmn1r257
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r257
uniprot id: E9PW18
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rab28
gene id: 10090:Rab28
uniprot id: Q99KL7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Cul4b
gene id: 10090:Cul4b
uniprot id: A2A432
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cullin family.
messages: Component of multiple DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes that seem to be formed of DDB1, CUL4A or CUL4B, RBX1 and a variable substrate recognition component which seems to belong to a protein family described as DCAF (Ddb1- and Cul4-associated factor) or CDW (CUL4-DDB1-associated WD40-repeat) proteins. Component of the DCX(DTL) complex with the putative substrate recognition component DTL. Component of the DCX(DDB2) complex with the putative substrate recognition component DDB2. Component of DCX complexes part of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which contain either TRPC4AP or DCAF12 as substrate-recognition component. Component of the DCX(AMBRA1) complex with the substrate recognition component AMBRA1. Part of a complex with RBX1 and TIP120A/CAND1. Component of the DCX(WDR77) complex, composed of Cul4b, Ddb1, Wdr77 and Rbx1 (PubMed:35197566). Interacts with RBX1, GRWD1, MLST8, SMU1, TLE2, TLE3, DCAF1, DDA1, DCAF6, DCAF17, DDB2, DCAF8, TIP120A/CAND1 and TMEM113. Interacts with cyclin E (CCNE1 or CCNE2) and with importins alpha-1 (KPNA2), alpha-3 (KPNA4), alpha-5 (KPNA1) and beta-1 (KPNB1). May interact with WDR26, WDR51B, SNRNP40, WDR61, WDR76 and WDR5. Interacts (unneddylated form) with DCUN1D1, DCUN1D2, DCUN1D3, DCUN1D4 and DCUN1D5; these interactions promote the cullin neddylation.
messages: Core component of multiple cullin-RING-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:35197566). The functional specificity of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex depends on the variable substrate recognition subunit (PubMed:35197566). CUL4B may act within the complex as a scaffold protein, contributing to catalysis through positioning of the substrate and the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (PubMed:35197566). Plays a role as part of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex in polyubiquitination of CDT1, histone H2A, histone H3 and histone H4 in response to radiation-induced DNA damage (By similarity). Targeted to UV damaged chromatin by DDB2 and may be important for DNA repair and DNA replication (By similarity). A number of DCX complexes (containing either TRPC4AP or DCAF12 as substrate-recognition component) are part of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which recognizes a C-degron located at the extreme C terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). The DCX(AMBRA1) complex is a master regulator of the transition from G1 to S cell phase by mediating ubiquitination of phosphorylated cyclin-D (CCND1, CCND2 and CCND3) (By similarity). The DCX(AMBRA1) complex also acts as a regulator of Cul5-RING (CRL5) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of Elongin-C (ELOC) component of CRL5 complexes (By similarity). Required for ubiquitination of cyclin E (CCNE1 or CCNE2), and consequently, normal G1 cell cycle progression (By similarity). Component of the DCX(WDR77) complex, which mediates ubiquitination and degradation of Irgm1 in intestinal cells (PubMed:35197566). Regulates the mammalian target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) pathway involved in control of cell growth, size and metabolism (By similarity). Specific CUL4B regulation of the mTORC1-mediated pathway is dependent upon 26S …
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes and zygotes and at lower levels in MII-stage oocytes and 2-cell stage embryos (PubMed:24357321). Expression decreases from 2-cell stage to blastula (PubMed:24357321).
messages: Expressed in oocytes (at protein level).
messages: Neddylated. Deneddylated via its interaction with the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ap2b1
gene id: 10090:Ap2b1
uniprot id: Q5SWR1
uniprot id: Q9DBG3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit AP2A1 or AP2A2 and beta-type subunit AP2B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP2M1) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP2S1) (By similarity). Interacts with EPN1 (By similarity). Interacts with EPS15; clathrin competes with EPS15 (By similarity). Interacts with SNAP91; clathrin competes with SNAP91 (By similarity). Interacts with CLTC; clathrin competes with EPS15, SNAP91 and PIP5K1C (By similarity). Interacts with LDLRAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with AMPH and BIN1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARF6 (GDP-bound) (By similarity). Interacts (dephosphorylated at Tyr-737) with ARRB1; phosphorylation of AP2B1 at Tyr-737 disrupts the interaction (By similarity). Interacts with SLC2A8 (By similarity). Interacts with SCYL1 and SCYL2. Interacts with TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 (By similarity). Interacts with PIP5K1C; clathrin competes with PIP5K1C (By similarity). Interacts with DENND1B (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO1 (By similarity). Interacts with RFTN1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIAA1107 (PubMed:29262337). Together with AP2A1 or AP2A2 and AP2M1, it interacts with ADAM10; this interaction facilitates ADAM10 endocytosis from the plasma membrane during long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons (PubMed:23676497).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. During long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons, AP-2 is responsible for the endocytosis of ADAM10 (PubMed:23676497). The AP-2 beta subunit acts via its C-terminal appendage domain as a scaffolding platform for endocytic accessory proteins; at least some clathrin-associated sorting proteins (CLASPs) are recognized by their [DE]-X(1,2)-F-X-X-[FL]-X-X-X-R motif. The AP-2 beta subunit binds to clathrin heavy chain, promoting clathrin lattice assembly; clathrin displaces at least some CLASPs from AP2B1 which probably then can be positioned for further coat assembly (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: coated pit

10090:Rapgef6
gene id: 10090:Rapgef6
uniprot id: B2RUJ6
uniprot id: Q5NCJ0
uniprot id: Q5NCJ1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RAPGEF2 family.

10090:Or2aj4
gene id: 10090:Or2aj4
uniprot id: Q7TS53
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tsen34
gene id: 10090:Tsen34
uniprot id: Q8BMZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family.
messages: Constitutes one of the two catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5'- and 3'-splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body. The tRNA splicing endonuclease is also involved in mRNA processing via its association with pre-mRNA 3'-end processing factors, establishing a link between pre-tRNA splicing and pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, suggesting that the endonuclease subunits function in multiple RNA-processing events (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus
messages: tRNA splicing endonuclease is a heterotetramer composed of TSEN2, TSEN15, TSEN34/LENG5 and TSEN54. tRNA splicing endonuclease complex also contains proteins of the pre-mRNA 3'-end processing machinery such as CLP1, CPSF1, CPSF4 and CSTF2 (By similarity).

10090:Pcdhgb1
gene id: 10090:Pcdhgb1
uniprot id: Q91XX8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Jmjd8
gene id: 10090:Jmjd8
uniprot id: Q3TA59
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Functions as a positive regulator of TNF-induced NF-kappaB signaling (By similarity). Regulates angiogenesis and cellular metabolism through interaction with PKM (PubMed:27199445).
messages: Homozygote knockout Jmjd8 show no obvious phenotype. However, the number of capillaries in muscle tissue is significantly reduced.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Oligomer. Dimer. Interacts with PKM; regulates angiogenesis and metabolism.
messages: Up-regulated upon endothelial differentiation.

10090:H2bc9
gene id: 10090:H2bc9
uniprot id: Q64478
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Krtap19-3
gene id: 10090:Krtap19-3
uniprot id: Q925H6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 19 family.
messages: Expression in skin and hair follicle is regulated by HOXC13 and by GATA3.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.
messages: Strong expression in narrowly defined pattern restricted to the lower and middle cortical regions of the hair shaft in both developing and cycling hair. During hair follicle regression (catagen), expression levels decrease until expression is no longer detectable in follicles at resting stage (telogen).

10090:Trappc2
gene id: 10090:Trappc2
uniprot id: A2AFP1
uniprot id: Q5J9A9
uniprot id: Q9CQP2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. Sedlin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Expressed in chondrocytes at various stages of differentiation, including proliferating, prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in the distal femoral joint.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex. Interacts with ENO1, PITX1, SF1 and TRAPPC2L (By similarity). Interacts with TRAPPC3.
messages: Prevents ENO1-mediated transcriptional repression and antagonizes ENO1-mediated cell death. May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gm5169
gene id: 10090:Gm5169
uniprot id: Q5M8P2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Sema4c
gene id: 10090:Sema4c
uniprot id: Q64151
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Cell surface receptor for PLXNB2 that plays an important role in cell-cell signaling. PLXNB2 binding promotes downstream activation of RHOA and phosphorylation of ERBB2 at 'Tyr-1248'. Required for normal brain development, axon guidance and cell migration. Probable signaling receptor which may play a role in myogenic differentiation through activation of the stress-activated MAPK cascade.
messages: First detected at 14 dpc, levels increase by birth and remain strong in the adult brain (at protein level). Expressed widely in the nervous tissues during development.
messages: Interacts (via the PDZ-binding motif) with GIPC (via the PDZ domain). Interacts with NCDN. Interacts (via the PDZ-binding motif) with DLG4. Interacts with PLXNB2.
messages: Partial neonate lethality, due to defects in brain and neural tube development. In about one third of the embryos cranial neural folds fail to converge, leading to an open neural tube and exencephaly. Mice without exencephaly are viable and fertile.
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated in differentiating myoblasts and upon muscle regeneration (at protein level).
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Ndst1
gene id: 10090:Ndst1
uniprot id: Q3UHN9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.
messages: Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate (PubMed:11087757, PubMed:10758005, PubMed:10664446, PubMed:12590599, PubMed:12692154, PubMed:16020517, PubMed:16056228, PubMed:18337501). Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis (Probable). Plays a role in determining the extent and pattern of sulfation of heparan sulfate (Probable). Participates in biosynthesis of heparan sulfate that can ultimately serve as L-selectin ligands, thereby playing a role in inflammatory response (PubMed:16056228). Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inhibited by long N-sulfated sequences (more than 6 sugar residues) accumulating in its substrates heparan sulfate, and heparin.
messages: Mice survive until birth but are cyanotic and die neonatally in a condition resembling respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, a minor proportion of mice embryos die during the embryonic period. Mutant mice display cerebral hypoplasia and craniofacial defects, disturbed Ca(2+) kinetics in myotubes. They also display deficiencies L-selectin and chemokine-mediated neutrophil trafficking during inflammatory responses.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with heparan sulfate co-polymerase subunits EXT1 and EXT2.
messages: The presence of 4 different NDST enzymes in mammals, as well as differences in their enzyme activity suggest that some initiate heparan sulfate modification/sulfation reactions, whereas other later on fill in or extend already modified heparan sulfate sequences.
messages: Widely expressed in adult and throughout development.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Or10ak7
gene id: 10090:Or10ak7
uniprot id: B1ARV2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp704
gene id: 10090:Zfp704
uniprot id: Q9ERQ3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Expressed from embryonic stage 9.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc. Detected in tissues from all three germ layers, with particularly strong expression in mesodermal derivatives. Strongly expressed in somites and also detected in limb bud mesenchyme, apical epidermal ridge (AER), otic vesicle, and nephrogenic mesenchyme. Expression in somites follows an anterior-to-posterior gradient of activation and localizes to somite myotomes. In limbs, first detected at stage 10.5 dpc, probably in a subset of muscle precursor cells. Expression in developing muscles continues during stage 14.5 dpc. Found in a subset of tendon precursors, particularly in the distal region of the limb. Also detected in ectoderm at the digit tips. Other notable sites of expression at stage 11.5 dpc include skin epithelium in the posterior embryo, thyroid rudiment, ventral neural tube, roof plate, floor plate, dorsal aorta, sympathetic chain ganglia, endolymphatic duct, otic vesicle epithelium and vascular wall.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CR1 and CR2 motifs mediate sequence-specific DNA binding, and are important for binding to the MYOD1 enhancer.
messages: Transcription factor which binds to RE2 sequence elements in the MYOD1 enhancer.

10090:Atp9a
gene id: 10090:Atp9a
uniprot id: O70228
uniprot id: Q505G9
uniprot id: Q8C288
uniprot id: Q8C4G3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP9A knock down results in muscle weakness, memory impairment and hyperkinetic movement disorders. Abnormal neurite morphology and impaired synaptic transmission are found in the primary motor cortex and hippocampus of knocked-down mice.
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Found in most tissues except spleen. Also detected in fetal tissues. Expressed in brain (PubMed:36604604).
messages: Heterotrimer with MON2 and DOP1B; this complex regulates SNX3-retromer mediated endosomal sorting of WLS. Interacts with RAB5A and RAB11A.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in regulating membrane trafficking of cargo proteins, namely endosome to plasma membrane recycling, probably acting through RAB5 and RAB11 activation (PubMed:36604604). Also involved in endosome to trans-Golgi network retrograde transport (By similarity). In complex with MON2 and DOP1B, regulates SNX3 retromer-mediated endosomal sorting of WLS, a transporter of Wnt morphogens in developing tissues. Participates in the formation of endosomal carriers that direct WLS trafficking back to Golgi, away from lysosomal degradation. Appears to be implicated in intercellular communication by negatively regulating the release of exosomes. The flippase activity towards membrane lipids and its role in membrane asymmetry remains to be proved. Required for the maintenance of neurite morphology and synaptic transmission (PubMed:36604604).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Cage1
gene id: 10090:Cage1
uniprot id: Q5IR70
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in spermatids and spermatozoa. Localized to the acrosomal matrix and acrosomal granule. Predominantly expressed during postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis.

10090:Prl3d3
gene id: 10090:Prl3d3
uniprot id: Q8CGZ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccdc3
gene id: 10090:Ccdc3
uniprot id: Q9D6Y1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in aorta and adipose tissue. Enriched in mature adipocytes. Over-expressed in adipose tissue from either hormonally-induced or nutritionally-regulated obese mice models.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mice exhibit a lean phenotype with reduced fat mass and smaller adipocyte size compared to wild type mice. Adipose tissue exhibit decreased levels of lipogenic genes, such as fatty-acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACACA) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase-2 (DGAT2). Mice exhibit strongly inhibited age-related hepatic steatosis and decreased number of inflammatory cells in epididymal adipose tissue.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Negatively regulates TNF-alpha-induced pro-inflammatory response in endothelial cells (ECs) via inhibition of TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in ECs (By similarity). Positively regulates lipid accumulation in adipose cells (PubMed:25605713).
messages: Secreted

10090:Kcna5
gene id: 10090:Kcna5
uniprot id: Q61762
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.5/KCNA5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in heart and moderately in brain. Low levels in thymus, skeletal muscle and spleen. Not expressed in liver, lung or kidney.
messages: Homotetramer and heterotetramer of potassium channel proteins. Interacts with DLG1, which enhances channel currents. Forms a ternary complex with DLG1 and CAV3 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNAB1 (By similarity). Interacts with UBE2I (By similarity).
messages: Inactive. Inhibits expression of isoform 1 and isoform 2.
messages: No visible phenotype. The action potential in myocytes is not prolonged by low concentrations of 4-aminopyridine, contrary to the situation in wild-type.
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-212, and Lys-525, preferentially with SUMO3. Sumoylation regulates the voltage sensitivity of the channel (By similarity).
messages: The amino terminus may be important in determining the rate of inactivation of the channel while the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif may play a role in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.
messages: Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:8226976, PubMed:11349004). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, and possibly other family members as well; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (By similarity). Channel properties are modulated by cytoplasmic beta subunits that regulate the subcellular location of the alpha subunits and promote rapid inactivation (By similarity). Homotetrameric channels display rapid activation and slow inactivation (PubMed:8226976, PubMed:11349004). May play a role in regulating the secretion of insulin in normal pancreatic islets (By similarity).

10090:Cyp4f37
gene id: 10090:Cyp4f37
uniprot id: Q3V1F1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Stfa2
gene id: 10090:Stfa2
uniprot id: P35174
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: This is an intracellular thiol proteinase inhibitor.

10090:Pip5k1c
gene id: 10090:Pip5k1c
uniprot id: O70161
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to some authors, mutants die within hours after birth and are unable to feed after birth (PubMed:15386003). According to another report, mutants are embryonically lethal at organogenesis stage, and display cardiovascular and neuronal defects (PubMed:15386003). PIP5K1C and PIP5K1B double mutant mice die within minutes after birth. PIP5K1C and PIP5K1A double mutant mice are embryonic lethal. Bone marrow-derived macrophages are defective in phagocytosis, attachment to IgG-opsonized particles and Fc-gamma-R clustering, and display highly polymerized actin cytoskeleton. Neurons display defects in synaptic transmission due to defects in synaptic vesicle trafficking at different levels. T-cells mutant for isoform 1 display increase adhesion and polarization.
messages: Acetylation at Lys-265 and Lys-268 seems to decrease lipid kinase activity. Deacetylation of these sites by SIRT1 positively regulates the exocytosis of TSH-containing granules from pituitary cells (By similarity).
messages: Activated by phosphatidic acid.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P/PI4P) to form phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2/PIP2), a lipid second messenger that regulates several cellular processes such as signal transduction, vesicle trafficking, actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and cell motility (PubMed:9535851, PubMed:14741049, PubMed:20622009, PubMed:22942276). PtdIns(4,5)P2 can directly act as a second messenger or can be utilized as a precursor to generate other second messengers: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), diacylglycerol (DAG) or phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3/PIP3) (By similarity). PIP5K1A-mediated phosphorylation of PtdIns(4)P is the predominant pathway for PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis (By similarity). Together with PIP5K1A, is required for phagocytosis, both enzymes regulating different types of actin remodeling at sequential steps (PubMed:19153220). Promotes particle attachment by generating the pool of PtdIns(4,5)P2 that induces controlled actin depolymerization to facilitate Fc-gamma-R clustering. Mediates RAC1-dependent reorganization of actin filaments. Required for synaptic vesicle transport (PubMed:15386003). Controls the plasma membrane pool of PtdIns(4,5)P2 implicated in synaptic vesicle endocytosis and exocytosis (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis mediated by clathrin and AP-2 (adaptor protein complex 2) (PubMed:16707488). Required for clathrin-coated pits assembly at the synapse (By similarity). Participates in cell junction assembly (By similarity). Modulates adherens junctions formation by facilitating CDH1/cadherin trafficking (By similarity). Required for focal adhesion dynamics (PubMed:12422220). Modulates the targeting of talins (TLN1 and TLN2) to the plasma membrane and their efficient assembly into focal adhesions (By similarity). Regulates the interaction between talins (TLN1 and TLN2) and beta-integrins (By similarity). Required for uropodium formation and retract…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expression increases during embryonic development and continued to steadily increase postnatally.
messages: High expression in brain. Also detected in lung, thymus, heart, testicle, kidney and embryo. Highly expressed in forebrain, in particular in cerebellum, hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
messages: Isoform 1 interacts with TLN1 (PubMed:12422220, PubMed:14691141, PubMed:16707488). Interacts with TLN2; interaction stimulates 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase activity (By similarity). May compete with beta-integrins for the same binding site on TLN1 and TLN2. Interacts with ARF6 (By similarity). Interacts with AP2B1 (PubMed:19287005). Isoform 1 interacts with AP2M1; phosphorylation of PIP5K1C by CSK disrupts the interaction; clathrin competes with PIP5K1C (PubMed:16707488). Interacts with CDH1 (By similarity). Interacts with CSK. Interacts with PLCG1; interaction is abolished upon EGF stimulation (PubMed:17635937). Interacts with LAPTM4B; promotes SNX5 association with LAPTM4B; kinase activity of PIP5K1C is required; interaction is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate generated by PIP5K1C (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-645 negatively regulates binding to TLN2 and is strongly stimulated in mitosis. Phosphorylation on Tyr-644 is necessary for targeting to focal adhesions. Phosphorylation on Ser-645 and Tyr-644 are mutually exclusive. Phosphorylated by SYK and CSK. Tyrosine phosphorylation is enhanced by PTK2 signaling. Phosphorylated at Tyr-634 upon EGF stimulation. Some studies suggest that phosphorylation on Tyr-644 enhances binding to tailins (TLN1 and TLN2); others that phosphorylation at Tyr-644 does not directly enhance binding to tailins (TLN1 and TLN2) but may act indirectly by inhibiting phosphorylation at Ser-645.
messages: adherens junction
messages: focal adhesion
messages: phagocytic cup
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: uropodium

10090:Vmn1r114
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r114
uniprot id: L7N226
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rgs6
gene id: 10090:Rgs6
uniprot id: Q9Z2H2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with GNB5 (By similarity). Interacts with RGS7BP, leading to regulate the subcellular location of the heterodimer formed with GNB5 (PubMed:15632198, PubMed:15897264). Interacts with GNAI1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. The RGS6/GNB5 dimer enhances GNAO1 GTPase activity.
messages: The RGS domain interacts avidly with Galpha and mediates the acceleration of Galpha-mediated GTP hydrolysis.
messages: cytosol

10090:Pramel38
gene id: 10090:Pramel38
uniprot id: J3QPH3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Itpkb
gene id: 10090:Itpkb
uniprot id: B2RXC2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.

10090:Cyp4f17
gene id: 10090:Cyp4f17
uniprot id: G3UW78
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Thbs1
gene id: 10090:Thbs1
uniprot id: Q3TR40
uniprot id: Q80YQ1
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Trhr2
gene id: 10090:Trhr2
uniprot id: Q9ERT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Upon ligand binding, this G-protein-coupled receptor triggers activation of the phosphatidylinositol (IP3)-calcium-protein kinase C (PKC) pathway.

10090:Unc5a
gene id: 10090:Unc5a
uniprot id: Q8K1S4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the unc-5 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer and homooligomer. Interacts with the cytoplasmic part of DCC. Interacts with MAGED1. Interacts with PRKCABP, possibly mediating some interaction with PKC (By similarity). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with FLRT2 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:25374360). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with FLRT3 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:22405201).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Phosphorylated on cytoplasmic tyrosine residues (By similarity). Phosphorylated by PKC in vitro (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during apoptosis. The cleavage does not take place when the receptor is associated with netrin ligand. Its cleavage by caspases is required to induce apoptosis.
messages: Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance. Functions in the netrin signaling pathway and promotes neurite outgrowth in response to NTN1. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system in response to netrin. Axon repulsion in growth cones may be mediated by its association with DCC that may trigger signaling for repulsion. It also acts as a dependence receptor required for apoptosis induction when not associated with netrin ligand.
messages: Restricted to central nervous system.
messages: The ZU5 domain mediates the interaction with MAGED1, which participates in the induction of apoptosis.
messages: neuron projection

10090:Ppp1r3g
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r3g
uniprot id: Q9CW07
names: Function
names: Induction
messages: Glycogen-targeting subunit for protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Involved in the regulation of hepatic glycogenesis in a manner coupled to the fasting-feeding cycle and distinct from other glycogen-targeting subunits.
messages: Up-regulated during fasting and down-regulated after feeding.

10090:Dnajb7
gene id: 10090:Dnajb7
uniprot id: Q9QYI8
names: Function
messages: Probably acts as a co-chaperone.

10090:Cnpy1
gene id: 10090:Cnpy1
uniprot id: Q4VAB4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the canopy family.

10090:Klk1b21
gene id: 10090:Klk1b21
uniprot id: Q61759
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: By T protein.
messages: Detectable in testis 4 weeks after birth, becoming more prominent thereafter.
messages: Expressed in testis and submaxillary gland. In the testis, expression localized specifically to Leydig cells in the interstitial tissues.
messages: Glandular kallikreins cleave Met-Lys and Arg-Ser bonds in kininogen to release Lys-bradykinin. Displays trypsin-like substrate specificity and shows activity towards casein, gelatin, fibronectin and IGFBP3.
messages: Inhibited by protease inhibitors diisopropylfluorophosphate, leupeptin, antipain, benzamidine, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and soybean trypsin inhibitor.

10090:Dus3l
gene id: 10090:Dus3l
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY9
uniprot id: Q91XI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base, in various RNAs, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Mainly modifies the uridine in position 47 (U47) in the D-loop of most cytoplasmic tRNAs. Also able to mediate the formation of dihydrouridine in some mRNAs, thereby regulating their translation.

10090:Trp53
gene id: 10090:Trp53
uniprot id: P02340
uniprot id: Q3UGQ1
uniprot id: Q549C9
uniprot id: Q80ZA1
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-379 by CREBBP enhances transcriptional activity. Acetylation of Lys-379 by EP300. Deacetylation of Lys-379 by SIRT1 impairs its ability to induce proapoptotic program and modulate cell senescence. Deacetylation by SIRT2 impairs its ability to induce transcription activation in a AKT-dependent manner. Acetylation at Lys-378 increases stability. Deacetylation at Lys-378 by SIRT6 decreases its stability, thereby regulating cell senescence.
messages: Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression.
messages: Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. Its pro-apoptotic activity is activated via its interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2 (By similarity). However, this activity is inhibited when the interaction with PPP1R13B/ASPP1 or TP53BP2/ASPP2 is displaced by PPP1R13L/iASPP (By similarity). In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression (By similarity). Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis, but seems to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2 (PubMed:24051492).
messages: Belongs to the p53 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Binds DNA as a homotetramer.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain with a peak seen at ZT8.
messages: Forms homodimers and homotetramers (By similarity). Binds DNA as a homotetramer. Interacts with AXIN1 (PubMed:15526030). Probably part of a complex consisting of TP53, HIPK2 and AXIN1 (PubMed:15526030). Interacts with histone acetyltransferases EP300 and methyltransferases HRMT1L2 and CARM1, and recruits them to promoters. Interacts (via C-terminus) with TAF1; when TAF1 is part of the TFIID complex. Interacts with ING4; this interaction may be indirect (PubMed:12702766). Found in a complex with CABLES1 and TP73 (PubMed:11706030). Interacts with HIPK1, HIPK2, and TP53INP1. Interacts with WWOX. Interacts with USP7 and SYVN1 (PubMed:14719112). Interacts with HSP90AB1. Interacts with CHD8; leading to recruit histone H1 and prevent transactivation activity (PubMed:19151705). Interacts with ARMC10, BANP, CDKN2AIP, NUAK1, STK11/LKB1, UHRF2 and E4F (PubMed:10644996). Interacts with YWHAZ; the interaction enhances TP53 transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation of YWHAZ on 'Ser-58' inhibits this interaction. Interacts (via DNA-binding domain) with MAML1 (via N-terminus). Interacts with MKRN1. Interacts with PML (via C-terminus). Interacts with MDM2; leading to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of TP53. Directly interacts with FBXO42; leading to ubiquitination and degradation of TP53. Interacts (phosphorylated at Ser-18 by ATM) with the phosphatase PP2A-PPP2R5C holoenzyme; regulates stress-induced TP53-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Interacts with PPP2R2A. Interacts with AURKA, DAXX, BRD7 and TRIM24 (PubMed:19556538). Interacts (when monomethylated at Lys-379) with L3MBTL1. Interacts with GRK5. Binds to the CAK complex (CDK7, cyclin H and MAT1) in response to DNA damage. Interacts with CDK5 in neurons. Interacts with AURKB, SETD2, UHRF2 and NOC2L. Interacts (via N-terminus) with PTK2/FAK1; this promotes ubiquitination by MDM2. Interacts with PTK2B/PYK2; this promotes ubiquitination by MDM2. Interacts with PRKCG. Interacts with PPIF; the association implic…
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-4 is the initiator.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomethylated at Lys-369 by SETD7, leading to stabilization and increased transcriptional activation. Monomethylated at Lys-367 by SMYD2, leading to decreased DNA-binding activity and subsequent transcriptional regulation activity. Lys-369 monomethylation prevents interaction with SMYD2 and subsequent monomethylation at Lys-367. Dimethylated at Lys-370 by EHMT1 and EHMT2. Monomethylated at Lys-379 by KMT5A, promoting interaction with L3MBTL1 and leading to repress transcriptional activity. Demethylation of dimethylated Lys-367 by KDM1A prevents interaction with TP53BP1 and represses TP53-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity). Monomethylated at Arg-330 and dimethylated at Arg-332 and Arg-334 by PRMT5; methylation is increased after DNA damage and might possibly affect TP53 target gene specificity (By similarity). Polyubiquitinated by MUL1 at Lys-27 which leads to proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser residues mediates transcriptional activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-12 by HIPK4 increases repression activity on BIRC5 promoter. Phosphorylated on Thr-21 by VRK1. Phosphorylated on Ser-23 by CHEK2 in response to DNA damage, which prevents ubiquitination by MDM2. Phosphorylated on Ser-23 by PLK3 in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis. Probably phosphorylated on by CDK7 in a CAK complex in response to DNA damage. Stabilized by CDK5-mediated phosphorylation in response to genotoxic and oxidative stresses at Ser-18 leading to accumulation of p53/TP53, particularly in the nucleus, thus inducing the transactivation of p53/TP53 target genes (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-389 following UV but not gamma irradiation. Phosphorylated by HIPK1. Phosphorylation at Ser-18 is required for interaction with DDX3X and gamma-tubulin (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1. Sumoylated at Lys-383 by UBC9 (By similarity).
messages: The [KR]-[STA]-K motif is specifically recognized by the SETD7 methyltransferase.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2 and SYVN1, which leads to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinated by RFWD3, which works in cooperation with MDM2 and may catalyze the formation of short polyubiquitin chains on p53/TP53 that are not targeted to the proteasome. Ubiquitinated by MKRN1 at Lys-288 and Lys-289, which leads to proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinated by USP10, leading to stabilize it. Ubiquitinated by TRIM24, RFFL, RNF34 and RNF125, which leads to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination by TOPORS induces degradation. Deubiquitination by USP7, leading to stabilize it. Ubiquitinated by COP1, which leads to proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation is negatively regulated by CCAR2 (PubMed:25732823). Polyubiquitinated by C10orf90/FATS, polyubiquitination is 'Lys-48'-linkage independent and non-proteolytic, leading to TP53 stabilization (PubMed:24240685).
messages: centrosome
messages: p53 is found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells. p53 is frequently mutated or inactivated in many types of cancer.

10090:Vmn1r19
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r19
uniprot id: Q8R2C7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfand2a
gene id: 10090:Zfand2a
uniprot id: Q9JII7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or2d4
gene id: 10090:Or2d4
uniprot id: Q9EP55
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zdhhc8
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc8
uniprot id: Q2TGE7
uniprot id: Q5Y5T5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. ERF2/ZDHHC9 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in brain cortex and hippocampus.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice have normal brain morphology, but female have strong locomotor deficits in open field, due to a greater fear of new environments.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and therefore functions in several unrelated biological processes. Through the palmitoylation of ABCA1 regulates the localization of the transporter to the plasma membrane and thereby regulates its function in cholesterol and phospholipid efflux (By similarity). Could also pamitoylate the D(2) dopamine receptor DRD2 and regulate its stability and localization to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Could also play a role in glutamatergic transmission (PubMed:15184899).
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Tmem163
gene id: 10090:Tmem163
uniprot id: Q8C996
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM163 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with MCOLN1 (PubMed:25130899). Interacts with SLC30A1, SLC30A2, SLC30A3 and SLC30A4 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Widely expressed, with high expression in the brain, cerebellum, heart, lung and spleen (PubMed:31697912). In the brain, mainly expressed in the glutaminergic neuron subpopulations (PubMed:17623043).
messages: Zinc ion transporter that mediates zinc efflux and plays a crucial role in intracellular zinc homeostasis (By similarity). Binds the divalent cations Zn(2+), Ni(2+), and to a minor extent Cu(2+) (By similarity). Is a functional modulator of P2X purinoceptors, including P2RX1, P2RX3, P2RX4 and P2RX7 (By similarity). Plays a role in central nervous system development and is required for myelination, and survival and proliferation of oligodendrocytes (By similarity).
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Cryba1
gene id: 10090:Cryba1
uniprot id: Q9QXC6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.

10090:Ghrh
gene id: 10090:Ghrh
uniprot id: P16043
uniprot id: Q544X5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glucagon family.
messages: GRF is released by the hypothalamus and acts on the adenohypophyse to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rnasel
gene id: 10090:Rnasel
uniprot id: Q05921
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via N-terminus) with TMEV leader protein; this interaction prevents RNASEL activation by its substrate 2'-5' oligoadenylates.
messages: After binding to 2-5A (5'-phosphorylated 2',5'-linked oligoadenylates) the homodimerization and subsequent activation occurs. Inhibited by RNASEL inhibitor ABCE1/RLI, a cytoplasmic member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: By interferons. Virus replication in higher vertebrates is restrained by IFNs that cause cells to transcribe genes encoding antiviral proteins, such as 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetases (OASs). oligoadenylate synthetase is stimulated by dsRNA to produce 5'-phosphorylated, 2'-5'-linked oligoadenylates (2-5A), whose function is to activate RNASEL.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoribonuclease that functions in the interferon (IFN) antiviral response. In INF treated and virus infected cells, RNASEL probably mediates its antiviral effects through a combination of direct cleavage of single-stranded viral RNAs, inhibition of protein synthesis through the degradation of rRNA, induction of apoptosis, and induction of other antiviral genes. RNASEL mediated apoptosis is the result of a JNK-dependent stress-response pathway leading to cytochrome c release from mitochondria and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Therefore, activation of RNASEL could lead to elimination of virus infected cells under some circumstances. In the crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis proposed to induce autophagy as an early stress response to small double-stranded RNA and at later stages of prolonged stress to activate caspase-dependent proteolytic cleavage of BECN1 to terminate autophagy and promote apoptosis. Might play a central role in the regulation of mRNA turnover (By similarity). Cleaves 3' of UpNp dimers, with preference for UU and UA sequences, to sets of discrete products ranging from between 4 and 22 nucleotides in length (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in spleen, thymus, lung, testis, kidney, liver and heart.
messages: Manganese or magnesium. Required for optimal RNA cleavage rates.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer (inactive form) or homodimer. Interacts with ABCE1; this interaction inhibits the RNASEL (By similarity).
messages: The nine ankyrin repeats also called 2-5A sensor constitute the N-terminus 2-5A binding domain.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive. It allows the homodimerization.
messages: The ribonuclease domain is located in the C-terminus. A single active nuclease domain in a dimer is sufficient for ribonuclease activity.

10090:Or8c10
gene id: 10090:Or8c10
uniprot id: E9PV37
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ptprk
gene id: 10090:Ptprk
uniprot id: P35822
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 2B subfamily.
messages: Developmentally regulated with highest expression found in developing areas or in areas capable of developmental plasticity.
messages: High levels in liver and kidney. Lower levels in lung, brain and heart. Not seen in spleen and testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulation of processes involving cell contact and adhesion such as growth control, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Negative regulator of EGFR signaling pathway. Forms complexes with beta-catenin and gamma-catenin/plakoglobin. Beta-catenin may be a substrate for the catalytic activity of PTPRK/PTP-kappa.
messages: This protein undergoes proteolytic processing.

10090:Tlcd4
gene id: 10090:Tlcd4
uniprot id: Q8CGF5
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TLCD4 family.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-14 is the initiator.
messages: Membrane

10090:Alox5
gene id: 10090:Alox5
uniprot id: P48999
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the lipoxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit.
messages: Can be converted from pro-inflammatory 5-lipoxygenase to anti-inflammatory 15-lipoxygenase by reducing the volume of the substrate-binding pocket.
messages: Catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonate to 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoate (5-HPETE) followed by the dehydration to 5,6- epoxyeicosatetraenoate (Leukotriene A4/LTA4), the first two steps in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent mediators of inflammation (PubMed:7629107, PubMed:7809134, PubMed:7969451, PubMed:23246375, PubMed:31642348). Also catalyzes the oxygenation of arachidonic acid into 8-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoic acid (8-HPETE) and 12-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE) (PubMed:23246375). Displays lipoxin synthase activity being able to convert (15S)-HETE into a conjugate tetraene (By similarity). Although arachidonate is the preferred substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize oxidized fatty acids derived from arachidonate such as (15S)-HETE, eicosapentaenoate (EPA) such as (18R)- and (18S)-HEPE or docosahexaenoate (DHA) which lead to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) lipoxin and resolvins E and D respectively, therefore it participates in anti-inflammatory responses (PubMed:31642348). Oxidation of DHA directly inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma)(PubMed:21307302). It does not catalyze the oxygenation of linoleic acid and does not convert (5S)-HETE to lipoxin isomers (PubMed:31642348). In addition to inflammatory processes, participates in dendritic cell migration, wound healing through an antioxidant mechanism based on heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) regulation expression, monocyte adhesion to the endothelium via ITGAM expression on monocytes (PubMed:24226420, PubMed:23720274, PubMed:17392829, PubMed:28965882). Moreover, it helps establish an adaptive humoral immunity by regulating primary resting B cells and follicular helper T cells and participates in the CD40-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after CD40 ligation in B cells through interaction with PIK3R1 that bridges ALOX5 with CD40 (PubMed:21224059). May …
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in skin Langerhans cells and their emigrated counterparts in draining lymph nodes (PubMed:17392829). Highly expressed in circulating leukocytes (PubMed:21307302).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ALOX5AP and LTC4S. Interacts with COTL1, the interaction is required for stability and efficient catalytic activity. Interacts with PIK3R1; this interaction bridges ALOX5 with CD40 after CD40 ligation in B cells and leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Interacts (via PLAT domain) with DICER1 (via Dicer dsRNA-binding fold domain); this interaction enhances arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activity and modifies the miRNA precursor processing activity of DICER1.
messages: Homozygous mice for ALOX5 are also present in the expected ratios. Mice are indistinguishable in growth and size from wild type littermates (PubMed:7809134). Homozygous mice for ALOX5 show no apparent abnormalities up to ten months of age under normal physiological conditions, except that the spleen is usually smaller for 8-week-old mice (PubMed:7969451).
messages: IncreaseD by both NF-kappa-B and SP1 in LPS-treated monocytes.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus intermembrane space
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Serine phosphorylation by MAPKAPK2 is stimulated by arachidonic acid. Phosphorylation on Ser-524 by PKA has an inhibitory effect. Phosphorylation on Ser-272 prevents export from the nucleus. Phosphorylation at Ser-524 is stimulated by 8-bromo-3',5'-cyclic AMP or prostaglandin E2.
messages: cytosol
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Tmem134
gene id: 10090:Tmem134
uniprot id: Q8R0J4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM134/TMEM230 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gm20861
gene id: 10090:Gm20861
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Fut7
gene id: 10090:Fut7
uniprot id: E2D0W5
uniprot id: Q11131
uniprot id: Q3SWS0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 10 family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of L-fucose, from a guanosine diphosphate-beta-L-fucose, to the N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) of a distal alpha2,3 sialylated lactosamine unit of a glycoprotein or a glycolipid-linked sialopolylactosamines chain through an alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkage and participates in the final fucosylation step in the biosynthesis of the sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)), a carbohydrate involved in cell and matrix adhesion during leukocyte trafficking and fertilization (PubMed:8752218, PubMed:8626519, PubMed:15843584, PubMed:10882744, PubMed:11535629, PubMed:12359718, PubMed:11485743). In vitro, also synthesizes sialyl-dimeric-Lex structures, from VIM-2 structures and both di-fucosylated and trifucosylated structures from mono-fucosylated precursors (By similarity). However does not catalyze alpha 1-3 fucosylation when an internal alpha 1-3 fucosylation is present in polylactosamine chain and the fucosylation rate of the internal GlcNAc residues is reduced once fucose has been added to the distal GlcNAc (By similarity). Also catalyzes the transfer of a fucose from GDP-beta-fucose to the 6-sulfated a(2,3)sialylated substrate to produce 6-sulfo sLex mediating significant L-selectin-dependent cell adhesion (PubMed:8752218, PubMed:10894166). Through sialyl-Lewis(x) biosynthesis, can control SELE- and SELP-mediated cell adhesion with leukocytes and allows leukocytes tethering and rolling along the endothelial tissue thereby enabling the leukocytes to accumulate at a site of inflammation (PubMed:15843584, PubMed:8752218, PubMed:10882744, PubMed:11535629). May enhance embryo implantation through sialyl Lewis X (sLeX)-mediated adhesion of embryo cells to endometrium (By similarity). May affect insulin signaling by up-regulating the phosphorylation and expression of some signaling molecules involved in the insulin-signaling pathway through SLe(x) which is present on the glycans of the INSRR alpha subunit (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in lung and bone marrow and to a much lesser extent in spleen, salivary gland and skeletal muscle.
messages: Inhibited by NaCl. Inhibited by GDP in a concentration dependent manner, with an IC(50) value of 93 uM. Also inhibited by GMP and GTP. Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. Activated by poly(ethylene glycol) by enhancing the thermal stability of FUT7. Activated by Mn2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. Both panosialin A and B inhibit activity with IC(50) values of 4.8 and 5.3 ug/ml, respectively. Inhibited by gallic acid (GA) and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a time-dependent and irreversible manner with IC(50) values of 60 and 700 nM, respectively.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Gm6592
gene id: 10090:Gm6592
uniprot id: A2AHC7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SSX family.

10090:Cdca2
gene id: 10090:Cdca2
uniprot id: Q14B71
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with PPP1CC.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1. May regulate its subcellular location (By similarity).
messages: Regulator of chromosome structure during mitosis required for condensin-depleted chromosomes to retain their compact architecture through anaphase. Acts by mediating the recruitment of phopsphatase PP1-gamma subunit (PPP1CC) to chromatin at anaphase and into the following interphase. At anaphase onset, its association with chromatin targets a pool of PPP1CC to dephosphorylate substrates (By similarity).

10090:Gcc2
gene id: 10090:Gcc2
uniprot id: Q6P0A4
uniprot id: Q8CHG3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Extended rod-like protein with coiled-coil domains.
messages: Golgin which probably tethers transport vesicles to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and regulates vesicular transport between the endosomes and the Golgi. As a RAB9A effector it is involved in recycling of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor from the late endosomes to the TGN. May also play a role in transport between the recycling endosomes and the Golgi. Required for maintenance of the Golgi structure, it is involved in the biogenesis of noncentrosomal, Golgi-associated microtubules through recruitment of CLASP1 and CLASP2 (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via GRIP domain) with RAB6A (preferentially in its GTP-bound form). May interact (RAB6A-dependent) with ARL1; might be involved in GCC2 Golgi localization. Interacts (probably via GRIP domain) with RAB9A (preferentially in its GTP-bound form). Interacts with CLASP1 and CLASP2; recruits both proteins to membranes of the TGN. Interacts with STX16 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable cloning artifact. Incorrect C-terminus.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Igfbp1
gene id: 10090:Igfbp1
uniprot id: P47876
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds equally well IGF1 and IGF2.
messages: IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors. Promotes cell migration (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Gkn2
gene id: 10090:Gkn2
uniprot id: Q9CQS6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed from 17.5 dpc onwards.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Heterodimer with TFF1; disulfide linked (By similarity). Interacts with TFF2.
messages: Secreted
messages: Stomach foveolar epithelium and duodenal Brunner's glands.

10090:Or10al6
gene id: 10090:Or10al6
uniprot id: Q7TRJ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Il31ra
gene id: 10090:Il31ra
uniprot id: Q8K5B1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with OSMR to form the interleukin-31 receptor which activates STAT3 and to a lower extent STAT1 and STAT5. May function in skin immunity (PubMed:15184896). Mediates IL31-induced itch, probably in a manner dependent on cation channels TRPA1 and TRPV1 (PubMed:24373353). Positively regulates numbers and cycling status of immature subsets of myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow in vivo and enhances myeloid progenitor cell survival in vitro (PubMed:17379091).
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a subset of dorsal root ganglia neurons (PubMed:16926070, PubMed:24373353, PubMed:25381841). Expressed in spinal cord and trigeminal ganglion (at protein level) (PubMed:25381841). Expressed in skin, testis, bone marrow and thymus (PubMed:15184896).
messages: Heterodimer with OSMR. Interacts with JAK1 and STAT3.
messages: Mice do not develop dermatitis upon Il31 overexpression (PubMed:15184896). Decreased levels of immature myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow and spleen but normal numbers of circulating blood cells (PubMed:17379091).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Primarily expressed at postnatal day 10 in the dorsal root ganglia where expression gradually increases as the development proceed.
messages: Up-regulated in the diseased tissues of a mouse models of allergic asthma and airway hypersensitivity (PubMed:15184896, PubMed:25847241). Up-regulated by IL31 in dorsal root ganglia (PubMed:25381841). Up-regulated by Th2 cytokines IL4 and IL13 in macrophages (PubMed:25847241).
messages: axon

10090:Ncoa2
gene id: 10090:Ncoa2
uniprot id: E9PV80
uniprot id: Q61026
uniprot id: Q8CBM5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated (PubMed:31851938). Deacetylation at Lys-780 by SIRT6 stimulates its ability to coactivate PPARA (PubMed:31851938).
messages: Animals show a glycogenopathy resembling to Von Gierke's disease with impaired growth, fasting hypoglycemia, and an increase in concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, free fatty acids, ketone bodies, uric acid and lactic acid in the plasma during fating. They also have increased liver glycogen stores and hepatic steatosis.
messages: Belongs to the SRC/p160 nuclear receptor coactivator family.
messages: Contains 2 C-terminal transcription activation domains (AD1 and AD2) that can function independently.
messages: Contains four Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs. The LXXLL motifs are essential for the association with nuclear receptors and are, at least in part, functionally redundant.
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), white adipose tissue (WAT), heart, skeletal muscle and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain. Shows a higher expression during the light phase compared with the dark phase.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in a complex containing NCOA3, IKKA, IKKB, IKBKG and CREBBP (By similarity). Present in a complex containing CARM1 and EP300/P300 (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:10381882). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CREBBP (By similarity). Interacts (via LXXLL 1, 2 and 3 motifs) with RORA (via AF-2 motif) (PubMed:19039140). Interacts (via LXXLL 1, 2 and 3 motifs) with RORC (via AF-2 motif) (PubMed:16148126). Interacts with APEX1 (By similarity). Interacts with BMAL1 (PubMed:24529706). Interacts with CARM1 (PubMed:10381882). Interacts with CASP8AP2 (PubMed:12477726). Interacts with CLOCK (PubMed:24529706). Interacts with DDX5 (By similarity). Interacts with ESR1 (By similarity). Interacts with HIF1A (By similarity). Interacts with NCOA1 (By similarity). Interacts with NR4A1/Nur77 (By similarity). Interacts with NR4A3; potentiates the activity of the NR4A3 (PubMed:12709428). Interacts with NR1H3 (By similarity). Interacts with NR3C1 (By similarity). Interacts with NR3C2 (PubMed:9111344). Interacts with PSMB9 (By similarity). Interacts with RARA (By similarity). Interacts with RXRA (By similarity). Interacts with RWDD3 (By similarity). Interacts with TTLL5/STAMP (By similarity).
messages: The LLXXLXXXL motif is involved in transcriptional coactivation and CREBBP/CBP binding.
messages: Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:12507421, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:19039140, PubMed:31851938). Coactivator of the steroid binding domain (AF-2) but not of the modulating N-terminal domain (AF-1) (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:12507421, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:19039140). Required with NCOA1 to control energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:12507421, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:19039140). Critical regulator of glucose metabolism regulation, acts as RORA coactivator to specifically modulate G6PC1 expression (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:12507421, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:19039140). Involved in the positive regulation of the transcriptional activity of the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 by sumoylation enhancer RWDD3 (PubMed:11997499, PubMed:12507421, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:19039140). Positively regulates the circadian clock by acting as a transcriptional coactivator for the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer (PubMed:24529706).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Cit
gene id: 10090:Cit
uniprot id: D3YU89
uniprot id: D3Z1U0
uniprot id: E9QL53
uniprot id: F6SBR5
uniprot id: P49025
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A major signal was observed in testis and brain, but it was also detected in thymus, spleen, kidney, heart and lung.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death before reaching adulthood, probably due to lethal epilepsy. Mice display severe defects in the olfactory bulbs, the hippocampus, and the cerebellum. These defects appear to result from impaired cytokinesis followed by the induction of apoptosis in specific neuroblast populations.
messages: Detected at 10.5 dpc with highest expression in the developing central nervous system. After 16.5 dpc expression decreases and at two weeks after birth is restricted to the proliferating neuronal precursor cells in the external germinal layer of the cerebellum and subventricular migratory stream.
messages: Interacts with TTC3 (By similarity). Homodimer (Probable). Directly interacts with KIF14 depending on the activation state (stronger interaction with the kinase-dead form).
messages: Plays a role in cytokinesis. Displays serine/threonine protein kinase activity.
messages: Plays a role in cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Probable RHO/RAC effector that binds to the GTP-bound forms of RHO and RAC1. It probably binds p21 with a tighter specificity in vivo. Displays serine/threonine protein kinase activity. Plays an important role in the regulation of cytokinesis and the development of the central nervous system. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2.

10090:Vmn1r241
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r241
uniprot id: K9J7G2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gabarapl1
gene id: 10090:Gabarapl1
uniprot id: Q8R3R8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATG8 family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in testis and heart at high levels.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with ATG13, OPRK1, RB1CC1 and ULK1 (By similarity). Interacts with TP53INP1 and TP53INP2 (By similarity). Directly interacts with SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with ATG3, ATG7 and MAP15 (PubMed:16704426). Interacts with TECPR2 (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D5 (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK15 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM5 (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV and TRIM21 (By similarity). Interacts with WDFY3 (By similarity). Interacts with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264 (By similarity). Interacts with UBA5 (By similarity). Interacts with KBTBD6 and KBTBD7; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with reticulophagy regulators RETREG1, RETREG2 and RETREG3 (PubMed:34338405). Interacts with Irgm1 (By similarity).
messages: The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D) to expose the glycine at the C-terminus and form the cytosolic form, GABARAPL1-I (PubMed:14530254, PubMed:16704426). The processed form is then activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, GABARAPL1-II (By similarity). During non-canonical autophagy, the processed form is conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) phospholipid (By similarity). ATG4 proteins also mediate the delipidation of PE-conjugated forms required for GABARAPL1 recycling when autophagosomes fuse with lysosomes (PubMed:33795848). In addition, ATG4B and ATG4D mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to PS during non-canonical autophagy (By similarity). ATG4B constitutes the major protein for proteolytic activation (By similarity). ATG4D is the main enzyme for delipidation activity (PubMed:33795848).
messages: Ubiquitin-like modifier that increases cell-surface expression of kappa-type opioid receptor through facilitating anterograde intracellular trafficking of the receptor. Involved in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles. While LC3s are involved in elongation of the phagophore membrane, the GABARAP/GATE-16 subfamily is essential for a later stage in autophagosome maturation. Through its interaction with the reticulophagy receptor TEX264, participates in the remodeling of subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover.
messages: autophagosome
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or2ak5
gene id: 10090:Or2ak5
uniprot id: Q5NCD7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Phf14
gene id: 10090:Phf14
uniprot id: Q9D4H9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death just after birth due to respiratory failure with lungs showing interstitial hyperplasia (PubMed:22730381, PubMed:23688586). Abnormalities are also observed in other organs such as kidney and lung (PubMed:23688586). Mesenchymal fibroblasts exhibit increased proliferation and increased PDGFRA expression (PubMed:22730381). Conditional knockout in germinal center (GC) B cells results in reduced GC response in the spleen following immune challenge, with fewer and smaller GCs observed (PubMed:33035772).
messages: Expressed throughout embryogenesis and in the adult.
messages: High levels detected in testis, lung and spleen and low levels in muscle, heart, intestine and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:23688586). Widely expressed in adult with increased levels in intestine, colon and lung (PubMed:22730381).
messages: Histone-binding protein (By similarity). Binds preferentially to unmodified histone H3 but can also bind to a lesser extent to histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) as well as to histone H3 monomethylated at 'Lys-27' (H3K27ac) and trimethylated at 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) (By similarity). Represses PDGFRA expression, thus playing a role in regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation (PubMed:22730381). Suppresses the expression of CDKN1A/p21 by reducing the level of trimethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4', leading to enhanced proliferation of germinal center B cells (PubMed:33035772).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal region, including the PHD-type 1 and 2 zinc fingers and the C2HC pre-PHD-type zinc finger, is required for binding to histone H3.

10090:Bmp4
gene id: 10090:Bmp4
uniprot id: P21275
uniprot id: Q3ULR1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Expressed in the lower molar mesenchyme at 13.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc (PubMed:8898217). Expressed in early bell stage dental mesenchymal cells at 15.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:24028588). Expressed in bell stage dental mesenchymal cells at 17.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:29148101).
messages: Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including neurogenesis, vascular development, angiogenesis and osteogenesis (PubMed:14973287, PubMed:15206957, PubMed:10049358). Acts in concert with PTHLH/PTHRP to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction (PubMed:17301089). Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Positively regulates the expression of odontogenic development regulator MSX1 via inducing the IPO7-mediated import of SMAD1 to the nucleus (PubMed:34995814). Required for MSX1-mediated mesenchymal molar tooth bud development beyond the bud stage, via promoting Wnt signaling (PubMed:8898217, PubMed:27713059). Acts as a positive regulator of odontoblast differentiation during mesenchymal tooth germ formation, expression is repressed during the bell stage by MSX1-mediated inhibition of CTNNB1 signaling (PubMed:29148101). Able to induce its own expression in dental mesenchymal cells and also in the neighboring dental epithelial cells via an MSX1-mediated pathway (PubMed:8898217). Can also signal through non-canonical BMP pathways such as ERK/MAP kinase, PI3K/Akt or SRC cascades. For example, induces SRC phosphorylation which, in turn, activates VEGFR2, leading to an angiogenic response (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with SOSTDC1, GREM2, RGMA, RGMB and RGMC. Part of a complex consisting of TWSG1 and CHRD. Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3; the interaction with either inhibits BMP4-mediated signaling. The HTRA protease activity is required for this inhibition. Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) and FBN2 (By similarity). Interacts with type I receptor BMPR1A (By similarity). Interacts with type II receptor BMPR2 (By similarity). Interacts with FSTL1; this interaction inhibits the activation of the BMP4/Smad1/5/8 signaling pathway (By similarity). Interacts with SCUBE3 (By similarity).
messages: Homozygous null embryos contain no primordial germ cells (PubMed:10049358). They also lack an allantois, an extraembryonic mesodermal tissue derived from precursors in the proximal epiblast (PubMed:10049358). Mandibular molar tooth germs arrest in the bud stage (PubMed:27713059). Failure to form the primary enamel knot in the mandibular molar tooth buds at 13.5 dpc. Significantly reduces the expression of Lef1 and Axin2 in the maxillary molar tooth germs and mandibular molar buds at 13.5 dpc (PubMed:27713059). Expression of Dkk2 and Sfrp2 expanded into the distal tooth mesenchyme in molar mandibular tooth buds at 13.5 dpc (PubMed:27713059).
messages: In the cochlea, detected in nonprosensory regions and outer sulcus (at protein level) (PubMed:32127020). Prior to gastrulation, expressed in the extraembryonic ectoderm. Later, expressed in the extraembryonic mesoderm (PubMed:10049358).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Rtl9
gene id: 10090:Rtl9
uniprot id: Q32KG4
names: Miscellaneous
messages: RTL8C is one of at least 11 genes called Mar or Mart related to long terminal repeat retrotransposons. They do not correspond to functional retrotransposons, but rather to neofunctionalized retrotransposons genes.

10090:Tns2
gene id: 10090:Tns2
uniprot id: Q8CGB6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PTEN phosphatase protein family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Glomerular defects during postnatal nephrogenesis including severe glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening, effacement of podocyte foot processes, and mesangial expansion and sclerosis (PubMed:32390516). Ectopic expression of laminin LAMA2 in the GBM followed by the accumulation of immature laminin components (PubMed:32390516). Decreased adhesion of podocytes to the GBM (PubMed:32390516).
messages: In the adult kidney, expressed mainly in glomeruli (at protein level) (PubMed:28955049). In the newborn kidney, localizes on the basal surface of podocytes along the glomerular basement membrane and not in endothelial cells (PubMed:32390516). Low expression levels in anabolic skeletal muscles (PubMed:23401856).
messages: In the newborn kidney, weak expression is first observed in podocytes in the late S-shaped body or early capillary loop stage, increases with glomerular maturation and persists at a high level in mature glomeruli (at protein level) (PubMed:32390516). Expressed in skeletal muscle at 17.5 dpc until post natal day P0 and then decreases at P21 (PubMed:23401856).
messages: Induced under catabolic conditions in skeletal muscles.
messages: Interacts with AXL. Interacts with SYK; leading to its phosphorylation. Interacts with SQSTM1 (via PB1 domain); the interaction leads to sequestration of TNS2 in cytoplasmic aggregates with SQSTM1 and promotes TNS2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.
messages: The SH3 domain mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) (By similarity). It is also required to ensure podocyte integrity while the phosphatase domain is dispensible for podocyte maintenance (PubMed:27246398, PubMed:31723089, PubMed:32390516).
messages: Tyrosine-protein phosphatase which regulates cell motility, proliferation and muscle-response to insulin (By similarity). Phosphatase activity is mediated by binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) via the SH2 domain (By similarity). In muscles and under catabolic conditions, dephosphorylates IRS1 leading to its degradation and muscle atrophy. Negatively regulates PI3K-AKT pathway activation (By similarity). Dephosphorylates nephrin NPHS1 in podocytes which affects mTORC1 complex activity (By similarity). Under normal glucose conditions, NPHS1 outcompetes IRS1 for binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) which balances mTORC1 activity but high glucose conditions lead to up-regulation of TNS2, increased NPHS1 dephosphorylation and activation of mTORC1, contributing to podocyte hypertrophy and proteinuria (By similarity). Required for correct podocyte morphology, podocyte-glomerular basement membrane interaction and integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier (PubMed:27246398, PubMed:31723089, PubMed:32390516). Enhances RHOA activation in the presence of DLC1 (By similarity). Plays a role in promoting DLC1-dependent remodeling of the extracellular matrix (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated following sequestration in cytoplasmic aggregates with SQSTM1, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Vmn2r84
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r84
uniprot id: D3YWE3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dph3
gene id: 10090:Dph3
uniprot id: D3YXV3
uniprot id: Q8K0W9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DPH3 family.
messages: Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Interacts with SERGEF (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal about 11.5 days after fertilization (PubMed:16648478). Decreases metastasis in a mouse model of melanoma (PubMed:23185508).
messages: In the embryo, expressed during all stages of development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase. Acts as an electron donor to reduce the Fe-S cluster in DPH1-DPH2 keeping the [4Fe-4S] clusters in the active and reduced state. Restores iron to DPH1-DPH2 iron-sulfur clusters which have degraded from [4Fe-4S] to [3Fe-4S] by donating an iron atom to reform [4Fe-4S] clusters, in a manner dependent on the presence of elongation factor 2 and SAM. Associates with the elongator complex and is required for tRNA Wobble base modifications mediated by the elongator complex. The elongator complex is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s 2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine).
messages: The DPH-type metal-binding (MB) domain can also bind zinc. However, iron is the physiological binding partner as zinc binding impairs the protein electron donor function.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in heart, liver, kidney and testis.

10090:Ikbkb
gene id: 10090:Ikbkb
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0T4
uniprot id: O88351
uniprot id: Q5D0E0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. I-kappa-B kinase subfamily.
messages: Component of the I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex consisting of CHUK, IKBKB and IKBKG; probably four alpha/CHUK-beta/IKBKB dimers are associated with four gamma/IKBKG subunits. The IKK core complex seems to associate with regulatory or adapter proteins to form a IKK-signalosome holo-complex (By similarity). The IKK complex associates with TERF2IP/RAP1, leading to promote IKK-mediated phosphorylation of RELA/p65 (PubMed:20622870). Part of a complex composed of NCOA2, NCOA3, CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, IKBKG and CREBBP. Part of a 70-90 kDa complex at least consisting of CHUK/IKKA, IKBKB, NFKBIA, RELA, ELP1 and MAP3K14. Found in a membrane raft complex, at least composed of BCL10, CARD11, DPP4 and IKBKB. Interacts with SQSTM1 through PRKCZ or PRKCI. Forms an NGF-induced complex with IKBKB, PRKCI and TRAF6. May interact with MAVS/IPS1. Interacts with NALP2. Interacts with TICAM1. Interacts with FAF1; the interaction disrupts the IKK complex formation. Interacts with ATM. Part of a ternary complex consisting of TANK, IKBKB and IKBKG. Interacts with NIBP; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with TRIM21. Interacts with NLRC5; prevents IKBKB phosphorylation and kinase activity. Interacts with PDPK1 (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR (PubMed:10848580). The phosphorylated form interacts with PPM1A and PPM1B. Interacts with ZNF268 isoform 2; the interaction is further increased in a TNF-alpha-dependent manner. Interacts with IKBKE. Interacts with ZC3H12A (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with AKAP13 (PubMed:23090968). Interacts with LRRC14; disrupts IKBKB-IKBKG interaction preventing I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex formation and leading to a decrease of IKBKB phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation (By similarity). Interacts with SASH1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARFIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP5 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in heart (at protein level) (PubMed:23090968). Expressed in liver, kidney and spleen.
messages: Hydroxylated by PHD1/EGLN2, loss of hydroxylation under hypoxic conditions results in activation of NF-kappa-B.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice present extensive liver damage from apoptosis and die as embryos. They show a marked reduction in TNF-alpha and IL1-alpha-induced NF-kappa-B activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses (By similarity). Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues (By similarity). These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis (By similarity). In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE (By similarity). IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs (By similarity). Phosphorylates FOXO3, mediating the TNF-dependent inactivation of this pro-apoptotic transcription factor (By similarity). Also phosphorylates other substrates including NAA10, NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1 (By similarity). Phosphorylates RIPK1 at 'Ser-25' which represses its kinase activity and consequently prevents TNF-mediated RIPK1-dependent cell death (PubMed:30988283). Phosphorylates the C-terminus of IRF5, stimulating IRF5 homodimerization and translocation into the nucleus (PubMed:25326420).
messages: The kinase domain is located in the N-terminal region. The leucine zipper is important to allow homo- and hetero-dimerization. At the C-terminal region is located the region responsible for the interaction with NEMO/IKBKG.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Monoubiquitination involves TRIM21 that leads to inhibition of Tax-induced NF-kappa-B signaling. 'Ser-163' may not serve as a monoubiquitination site. Ubiquitination on 'Ser-163' may modulate phosphorylation on C-terminal serine residues.
messages: Upon cytokine stimulation, phosphorylated on Ser-177 and Ser-181 by MEKK1 and/or MAP3K14/NIK as well as TBK1 and PRKCZ; which enhances activity. Phosphorylated by MAP3K7/TAK1 in response to NOD1 and NOD2 signaling, promoting activation and phosphorylation of NF-kappa-B inhibitors, leading to NF-kappa-B activation. Once activated, autophosphorylates on the C-terminal serine cluster; which decreases activity and prevents prolonged activation of the inflammatory response. Phosphorylated by the IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE, which is associated with reduced CHUK/IKKA and IKBKB activity and NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription. Dephosphorylated at Ser-177 and Ser-181 by PPM1A and PPM1B.
messages: While it is expressed ubiquitously throughout the mouse embryo, at 9.5 dpc its expression begins to be localized to the brain, neural ganglia, neural tube, and in liver at 12.5 dpc. At 15.5 dpc, the expression is further restricted to specific tissues of the embryo.

10090:Tnc
gene id: 10090:Tnc
uniprot id: Q148T5
uniprot id: Q80YX1
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At day 11.5 dpc, expressed in maxillary process. at, 14.5 dpc, also detected in the stomach and at 15.5 dpc expressed in developing bones. During embryogenesis, also expressed in lung, cartilages, liver, brain and peripheral nerves (PubMed:14709716). In kidney, isoform 2 is expressed at birth and isoform 5 at 2 weeks of age. In intestine, isoform 5 is expressed at 13 dpc and isoform 2 at birth. In cerebellum, high levels of isoform 2 at 17 dpc are down-regulated to moderate levels in newborn mice and undetectable levels in adult mice. Similarly, moderate levels of isoform 2 expressed in cerebrum of 17 dpc are gradually down-regulated to undetectable levels in adult mice.
messages: Belongs to the tenascin family.
messages: Expressed in kidney, aortic valve, corneal limbus, periosteum around the ribs, cerebellum, stomach and intestine (PubMed:14709716). High levels of isoform 2 in lung and brain of newborn mice. High levels of isoform 5 in thymus, moderate levels in brain of newborn and adult mice. Low level of isoform 2 in adult brain.
messages: Extracellular matrix protein implicated in guidance of migrating neurons as well as axons during development, synaptic plasticity as well as neuronal regeneration. Promotes neurite outgrowth when provided to neurons in culture. May play a role in supporting the growth of epithelial tumors. Ligand for integrins ITGA8:ITGB1, ITGA9:ITGB1, ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGAV:ITGB6. In tumors, stimulates angiogenesis by elongation, migration and sprouting of endothelial cells (By similarity).
messages: Homohexamer; disulfide-linked. A homotrimer may be formed in the triple coiled-coil region and may be stabilized by disulfide rings at both ends. Two of such half-hexabrachions may be disulfide linked within the central globule. Interacts with CSPG4 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice show enhanced novelty-induced activity, reduced anxiety, delayed resynchronization to daylight reversal and weaker muscle strength.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Mtmr2
gene id: 10090:Mtmr2
uniprot id: Q6P572
uniprot id: Q9Z2D1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in sciatic nerve and in Schwann cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16399794, PubMed:23297362). Detected in adult dorsal root ganglia, neurons of the central nervous system, motor neurons, cell soma and neurites of sensory neurons, olfactory bulb, cerebellum and hippocampus (PubMed:12045210).
messages: Homodimer (via coiled-coil domain) (PubMed:14530412, PubMed:16399794). Heterotetramer consisting of one MTMR2 dimer and one SBF2/MTMR13 dimer (PubMed:16399794). Heterodimer with SBF1/MTMR5 (By similarity). Heterodimer with MTMR12 (By similarity).
messages: In 16.5 dpc embryos, expressed in forebrain, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia, kidney, adrenal gland and lung.
messages: Interaction with SBF1/MTMR5 increases phosphatase activity (By similarity). Increases SBF2/MTMR13 catalytic activity towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate and to a lesser extent towards phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PubMed:16399794).
messages: Phosphatase that acts on lipids with a phosphoinositol headgroup (PubMed:12045210, PubMed:16399794). Has phosphatase activity towards pho sphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PubMed:12045210, PubMed:16399794). Binds phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PubMed:12045210, PubMed:16399794). Stabilizes SBF2/MTMR13 at the membranes (PubMed:23297362). Specifically in peripheral nerves, stabilizes SBF2/MTMR13 protein (PubMed:23297362).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-58 decreases MTMR2 localization to endocytic vesicular structures.
messages: SBF2/MTMR13 protein levels are decreased in sciatic nerves but not in the brain or in fibroblasts.
messages: The GRAM domain mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-biphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate.
messages: The coiled-coil domain mediates homodimerization (PubMed:14530412). Also mediates interaction with SBF1/MTMR5 and SBF2/MTMR13 (By similarity).
messages: axon
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cd2bp2
gene id: 10090:Cd2bp2
uniprot id: Q9CWK3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the U5 snRNP complex composed of the U5 snRNA and at least PRPF6, PRPF8, SNRNP200, EFTUD2, SNRNP40, DDX23, TXNL4A and CD2BP2. Interacts directly with TXNL4A and PRPF6. Interacts (via GYF domain) with CD2 (via Pro-rich sequence in the cytoplasmic domain). Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U5 snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc25a10
gene id: 10090:Slc25a10
uniprot id: Q9QZD8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Catalyzes the electroneutral exchange or flux of physiologically important metabolites such as dicarboxylates (malonate, malate, succinate), inorganic sulfur-containing anions, and phosphate, across mitochondrial inner membrane (PubMed:33746082). Plays an important role in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid metabolism, urea synthesis, and sulfur metabolism, particularly in liver, by supplying the substrates for the different metabolic processes (PubMed:33746082, PubMed:16027120, PubMed:30943427). Regulates fatty acid release from adipocytes, and contributes to systemic insulin sensitivity (PubMed:33746082).
messages: Expressed at very high levels in white adipose tissue (PubMed:10567211, PubMed:33746082). And at low levels in brown adipose tissue, kidney and liver (PubMed:10567211).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Regulated by circadian protein CLOCK (Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput).

10090:Msantd3
gene id: 10090:Msantd3
uniprot id: Q9CR78
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MSANTD3 family.

10090:Dynlt2a2
gene id: 10090:Dynlt2a2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J284
uniprot id: P11985
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Could be involved in transmission ratio distortion (trd) in mouse t-haplotype which causes male sterility.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed in testis (at protein level). Expressed at the pachyten stage of the first meiotic division and in later haploid spermatogenic stages.
messages: Interacts with CSNK2B.
messages: May be an accessory component of axonemal dynein and cytoplasmic dynein 1. Candidate for involvement in male sterility.
messages: Membrane
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cacnb1
gene id: 10090:Cacnb1
uniprot id: A2A542
uniprot id: A2A543
uniprot id: A2A545
uniprot id: Q8R3Z5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the inner nuclear layer in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:21831364). Detected in skeletal muscle, brain, heart and spleen (PubMed:1385409).
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulatory subunit of L-type calcium channels that consist of a pore-forming alpha subunit and auxiliary beta, gamma and delta subunits. Interacts with CACNA1A, CACNA1B, CACNA1C and CACNA1S. Component of a calcium channel complex consisting of a pore-forming alpha subunit (CACNA1S) and the ancillary subunits CACNB1 or CACNB2, CACNG1 and CACNA2D1 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNA1S (PubMed:28351836). Identified in a complex with CACNA1C. Identified in a complex with the L-type calcium channel subunits CACNA1C, CACNA2D1, CACNB1 and one of the gamma subunits (CACNG4, CACNG6, CACNG7, or CACNG8) (By similarity). Part of a L-type calcium channel complex that contains CACNA1D, CACNA2D1 and CACNB1. Part of a L-type calcium channel complex that contains CACNA1B, CACNA2D1 and CACNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with JSRP1 (PubMed:16638807). Interacts with RYR1 (PubMed:21320436). Interacts with CBARP (PubMed:24751537).
messages: Regulatory subunit of L-type calcium channels. Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1A as pore-forming subunit (By similarity). Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1C as pore-forming subunit and increases the presence of the channel complex at the cell membrane. Required for functional expression L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1D as pore-forming subunit. Regulates the activity of L-type calcium channels that contain CACNA1B as pore-forming subunit (By similarity).
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Drg2
gene id: 10090:Drg2
uniprot id: Q9QXB9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of GTP to GDP through hydrolysis of the gamma-phosphate bond in GTP. When hydroxylated at C-3 of 'Lys-21' by JMJD7, may bind to RNA and play a role in translation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Fairly high levels in liver, heart, kidney, and brain. Very low levels in lung, spleen, testis and skeletal muscle.
messages: Hydroxylated (with S stereochemistry) at C-3 of Lys-21 by JMJD7.
messages: Interacts with RWDD1; this interaction confers protection to polyubiquitination and proteolytic degradation (PubMed:15676025). Interacts with JMJD7; this interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated.

10090:Gp6
gene id: 10090:Gp6
uniprot id: P0C191
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associated with Fc receptor gamma chain. The GPVI:FcRgamma complex is associated with the Src kinase family FYN and LYN. Interacts with TRAF4 (By similarity). Interacts with COL1A1, but not with COL4A4 (PubMed:24368846).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Collagen receptor involved in collagen-induced platelet adhesion and activation (PubMed:16139873, PubMed:24368846). Plays a key role in platelet procoagulant activity and subsequent thrombin and fibrin formation. This procoagulant function may contribute to arterial and venous thrombus formation. The signaling pathway involves the FcR gamma-chain, the Src kinases (likely FYN or LYN) and SYK, the adapter protein LAT and leads to the activation of PLCG2.
messages: Expressed at embryonic day 13.5, 14.5 and 16.5. Expression decreases in intensity at day 18.5 and in 1.5 day-old newborn.
messages: Megakaryocytes and platelets.
messages: Mice deficient in Gp6 show a complete protection against arterial thrombosis and induced pulmonary thromboembolism, without significant prolongation of bleeding time (PubMed:16139873). Mutant mice deficient in Gp6 and P3h2 are born at the expected Mendelian rate and have no visible phenotype (PubMed:24368846).

10090:Fzd7
gene id: 10090:Fzd7
uniprot id: Q61090
uniprot id: Q810L8
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with MAGI3 (PubMed:15195140). Interacts with DVL1 (PubMed:15353129). Interacts with CCDC88C/DAPLE; the interaction displaces DVL1 from FZD7, leading to inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling and triggering of non-canonical Wnt responses (By similarity). Interacts with MYOC (By similarity). Binds to SDCBP; this interaction is increased by inositol trisphosphate (IP3) (By similarity). Interacts with glypican GPC3 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lys-Thr-X-X-X-Trp motif interacts with the PDZ domain of Dvl (Disheveled) family members and is involved in the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. Activation by WNT8 induces expression of beta-catenin target genes. Following ligand activation, binds to CCDC88C/DAPLE which displaces DVL1 from FZD7 and leads to inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling, activation of G-proteins by CCDC88C and triggering of non-canonical Wnt responses (By similarity). May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues.
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Itprip
gene id: 10090:Itprip
uniprot id: Q3TNL8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ITPRIP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Enhances Ca(2+)-mediated inhibition of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (ITPR) Ca(2+) release.
messages: Interacts with ITPR.
messages: Nucleus outer membrane

10090:Nme5
gene id: 10090:Nme5
uniprot id: Q3V2L8
uniprot id: Q99MH5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: Component of the axonemal radial spoke complex 1 (RS1), at least composed of spoke head proteins RSPH1, RSPH3, RSPH9 and the cilia-specific component RSPH4A or sperm-specific component RSPH6A, spoke stalk proteins RSPH14, DNAJB13, DYDC1, ROPN1L and NME5, and the anchor protein IQUB (PubMed:36417862). Interacts with IQUB (PubMed:36417862).
messages: Expressed in the trachea, ependymal cells and oviduct (at protein level) (PubMed:32203505). Expressed predominantly in germ cells of the testis. Not expressed in testicular somatic cells.
messages: First appears in pachytene spermatocytes and increases in abundance in subsequent stages.
messages: Functions as part of axonemal radial spoke complexes that play an important part in the motility of sperm and cilia (PubMed:36417862). Does not seem to have NDK kinase activity. Confers protection from cell death by Bax and alters the cellular levels of several antioxidant enzymes including Gpx5. May play a role in spermiogenesis by increasing the ability of late-stage spermatids to eliminate reactive oxygen species (PubMed:12788088).
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Pou4f1
gene id: 10090:Pou4f1
uniprot id: P17208
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Able to act as transcription factor, cannot regulate the expression of the same subset of genes than isoform 1 (PubMed:12934100). Does not have antiapoptotic effect on neuronal cells (PubMed:9722627).
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-4 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in mature osteoclasts (at protein level) (PubMed:17668438). Brain, peripheral sensory nervous system and retina (PubMed:8162704). In the adult nervous system, predominates in the medial habenula, superficial gray of the superior colliculus, red nucleus, mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal ganglion, nucleus ambiguus, inferior olivary nucleus, and peripheral sensory ganglia (PubMed:8290353).
messages: Expressed in the spinal cord from 11 dpc to the adult stage (PubMed:8290353). As early as 10.5 dpc to 15.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all dorsal root ganglion neurons (PubMed:22326227). In retinal ganglion cells, expression starts at 15.5 dpc and exhibits a slow decrease with moderate levels detectable at P8 (PubMed:8637595).
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with RIT2; the interaction controls POU4F1 transactivation activity on some neuronal target genes (PubMed:12934100). Isoform 1 interacts with POU4F2 isoform 2; this interaction inhibits both POU4F1 DNA-binding and transcriptional activities (PubMed:8537352). Isoform 1 interacts (C-terminus) with ESR1 (via DNA-binding domain); this interaction decreases the estrogen receptor ESR1 transcriptional activity in a DNA- and ligand 17-beta-estradiol-independent manner (PubMed:9448000).
messages: Multifunctional transcription factor with different regions mediating its different effects (PubMed:10640682, PubMed:8621561, PubMed:9694219, PubMed:9722627). Acts by binding (via its C-terminal domain) to sequences related to the consensus octamer motif 5'-ATGCAAAT-3' in the regulatory regions of its target genes (PubMed:8621561, PubMed:17668438). Regulates the expression of specific genes involved in differentiation and survival within a subset of neuronal lineages. It has been shown that activation of some of these genes requires its N-terminal domain, maybe through a neuronal-specific cofactor (PubMed:12934100). Ativates BCL2 expression and protects neuronal cells from apoptosis (via the N-terminal domain) (PubMed:9722627). Induces neuronal process outgrowth and the coordinate expression of genes encoding synaptic proteins (PubMed:8972215). Exerts its major developmental effects in somatosensory neurons and in brainstem nuclei involved in motor control. Stimulates the binding affinity of the nuclear estrogene receptor ESR1 to DNA estrogen response element (ERE), and hence modulates ESR1-induced transcriptional activity (PubMed:9448000). May positively regulate POU4F2 and POU4F3 (PubMed:8876243). Regulates dorsal root ganglion sensory neuron specification and axonal projection into the spinal cord (PubMed:22326227). Plays a role in TNFSF11-mediated terminal osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:17668438). Negatively regulates its own expression interacting directly with a highly conserved autoregulatory domain surrounding the transcription initiation site (PubMed:12441296).
messages: Mutants have defective suckling and uncoordinated limb and trunk movements, leading to early postnatal death. They show a loss of neurons in the trigerminal ganglia, the medial habenula, the red nucleus and the caudal region of the inferior olivary nucleus (PubMed:8876243). Mutant dorsal root ganglions are defective in sensory neuron specification, and sensory afferent axons fail to form normal trajectories in the spinal cord (PubMed:22326227).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain is able to act as both DNA-binding domain and a transcriptional activator. The N-terminal domain is also required for transactivation activity on some target genes acting as a discrete activation domain (PubMed:8621561, PubMed:9722627). Neurite outgrowth and expression of genes required for synapse formation are primarily dependent on the C-terminal domain, however the N-terminal domain is required for maximal induction (PubMed:8972215).
messages: Up-regulated by the osteoclast differentiation factor TNFSF11 (PubMed:17668438).

10090:Hint2
gene id: 10090:Hint2
uniprot id: Q5M9J2
uniprot id: Q9D0S9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HINT family.
messages: Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2 (By similarity). Hydrolyzes adenosine 5'-O-p-nitrophenylphosphoramidate (AMP-pNA) (By similarity). May be involved in steroid biosynthesis (By similarity). May play a role in apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Csrnp2
gene id: 10090:Csrnp2
uniprot id: Q8BGQ2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AXUD1 family.
messages: Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-AGAGTG-3' and has transcriptional activator activity. May play a role in apoptosis.
messages: Highest expression detected in thymus, brain and ovary. Low levels detected in naive T-cells.
messages: Mice display no obvious defects in development, hematopoiesis or T-cell function. Deletion of Axud1, Csrnp2 and Csrnp3 together causes partial neonatal lethality, suggesting that they have redundant functions.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rpf2
gene id: 10090:Rpf2
uniprot id: G3X926
uniprot id: Q9JJ80
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RPF2 family.
messages: Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly. May regulate the localization of the 5S RNP/5S ribonucleoprotein particle to the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Baat
gene id: 10090:Baat
uniprot id: Q91X34
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the amidation of bile acids (BAs) with the amino acid taurine (PubMed:9215542). Selective for taurine conjugation of cholyl CoA and only taurine-conjugated BAs are found in bile (PubMed:9215542). Amidation of BAs in the liver with taurine prior to their excretion into bile is an important biochemical event in bile acid metabolism (By similarity). This conjugation (or amidation) plays several important biological roles in that it promotes the secretion of BAs and cholesterol into bile and increases the detergent properties of BAs in the intestine, which facilitates lipid and vitamin absorption (By similarity). May also act as an acyl-CoA thioesterase that regulates intracellular levels of free fatty acids (By similarity). In vitro, catalyzes the hydrolysis of long- and very long-chain saturated acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), and conjugates glycine to these acyl-CoAs (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in liver, kidney, gallbladder, proximal intestine and distal intestine. Weakly expressed in adrenal gland, lung, brain and muscle.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: cytosol

10090:Defa26
gene id: 10090:Defa26
uniprot id: Q3L180
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: May have microbicidal activities.
messages: Secreted

10090:Clec5a
gene id: 10090:Clec5a
uniprot id: Q9R007
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a key regulator of synovial injury and bone erosion during autoimmune joint inflammation when its activation leads to enhanced recruitment of inflammatory macrophages and neutrophils to the joints.
messages: By TNF in bone-marrow derived macrophage colony-stimulating factor-dependent macrophages (PubMed:20212065). Up-regulated during the differentiation of myeloid cell line 32Dcl3 into neutrophils (PubMed:19074552).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Functions as a positive regulator of osteoclastogenesis (PubMed:19251634). Cell surface receptor that signals via TYROBP (PubMed:10449773). Regulates inflammatory responses (PubMed:20212065).
messages: Involved in the pathogenetic mechanisms of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection of the brain. JEV infection of young mice results in increased expression of CLEC5A in spleen and brain with consequent activation of proinflammatory cytokine secretion.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homodimer (By similarity). The majority of CLEC5A is expressed as a monomeric form on macrophages (By similarity). Interacts with TYROBP/DAP12 (PubMed:10449773). The interaction with TYROBP is required for CLEC5 cell surface expression (PubMed:10449773). Interacts with HCST/DAP10 (PubMed:19074552, PubMed:19251634). Forms a CLEC5A/TYROBP/HCST trimolecular complex depending almost solely on TYROBP (PubMed:19251634).
messages: Mutants are viable, are born in the expected Mendelian ratios and have similar numbers of myeloid and lymphoid cell subsets as wild-type animals (PubMed:20212065). Inhibition of autoimmune joint inflammation and preservation of bone density (PubMed:20212065).
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:19074552, PubMed:19251634). Contains sialic acid residues (PubMed:19074552).
messages: Strong expression in bone marrow cells and thioglycollate-induced neutrophils (at protein level) (PubMed:19074552). Expressed on granulocytes and monocytes from bone marrow and peripheral blood (PubMed:20212065). Expressed in macrophage cell line J-774, but not in T-cell lines, B-cell lines, or mast cell lines (PubMed:10449773).

10090:Maff
gene id: 10090:Maff
uniprot id: O54791
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
messages: Detected at 6.5 dpc in the boundary between the extraembryonic and embryonic regions. At 8.5 dpc, weakly expressed in the future gut, allantois, yolk sac endoderm and the ectoplacental cone. At 9.5 dpc, strong expression in the primordial gut and presumptive fetal liver, in the floorplate of the myelencephalon, neural crest cells, spongiotrophoblasts, and giant cells of the placenta. At 12.5 dpc, detected in hepotocytes, in the outflow tract of the heart in a specific subset of dorsal root ganglia, in the cranial nerve ganglia, in the lung primordium, and in the epithelium of the expiratory tract. In newborn, strongly expressed in keratinocytes, in the cartilage, in bronchial epithelia, and bone membrane.
messages: Highly expressed in the lung, lower expression in the brain, thymus, liver, spleen, intestine, kidney, heart, muscle, and ovary. Not significantly expressed in hematopoietic cells.
messages: Monomer and homo- or heterodimer. Interacts with MIP. Forms high affinity heterodimers with members of the CNC-bZIP family such as NFE2L1/NRF1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Since they lack a putative transactivation domain, the small Mafs behave as transcriptional repressors when they dimerize among themselves. However, they seem to serve as transcriptional activators by dimerizing with other (usually larger) basic-zipper proteins, such as NFE2L1/NRF1, and recruiting them to specific DNA-binding sites. Interacts with the upstream promoter region of the oxytocin receptor gene. May be a transcriptional enhancer in the up-regulation of the oxytocin receptor gene at parturition.

10090:Sema4b
gene id: 10090:Sema4b
uniprot id: Q62179
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Expressed from day 10 in the embryo. Low levels found between days 10-12. Expression peaks on day 13 with moderate levels from then until birth.
messages: Inhibits axonal extension by providing local signals to specify territories inaccessible for growing axons.
messages: Interacts with GIPC PDZ domain.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccr1
gene id: 10090:Ccr1
uniprot id: P51675
uniprot id: Q8BMH9
uniprot id: Q8BVW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the heart, spleen, lung, peritoneal exudate cells and leukocytes.
messages: Interacts with CREB3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for a C-C type chemokine. Binds to MIP-1-alpha, RANTES, and less efficiently, to MIP-1-beta or MCP-1 and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. Responsible for affecting stem cell proliferation.

10090:Reg1
gene id: 10090:Reg1
uniprot id: P43137
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed only in regenerating islets and normal exocrine pancreas, but not in normal pancreatic islets. Expressed strongly in pancreas, moderately in gall bladder, and weakly in liver.
messages: Might act as an inhibitor of spontaneous calcium carbonate precipitation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cd79b
gene id: 10090:Cd79b
uniprot id: P15530
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: B-cells.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer of alpha and beta chains; disulfide-linked. Part of the B-cell antigen receptor complex where the alpha/beta chain heterodimer is non-covalently associated with an antigen-specific membrane-bound surface immunoglobulin of two heavy chains and two light chains. Interacts with LYN.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine upon B-cell activation by SRC-type Tyr-kinases such as BLK, LYN and SYK.
messages: Required in cooperation with CD79A for initiation of the signal transduction cascade activated by the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) which leads to internalization of the complex, trafficking to late endosomes and antigen presentation. Enhances phosphorylation of CD79A, possibly by recruiting kinases which phosphorylate CD79A or by recruiting proteins which bind to CD79A and protect it from dephosphorylation.

10090:Ddx56
gene id: 10090:Ddx56
uniprot id: Q5SVX3
uniprot id: Q9D0R4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX56/DBP9 subfamily.
messages: May form homooligomeric complexes. Interacts with IRF3 (By similarity). Interacts with OCT4 and POU5F1 (PubMed:32703285).
messages: Nucleolar RNA helicase that plays a role in various biological processes including innate immunity, ribosome biogenesis or nucleolus organization. Plays an essential role in maintaining nucleolar integrity in planarian stem cells (PubMed:32703285). Maintains embryonic stem cells proliferation by conventional regulation of ribosome assembly and interaction with OCT4 and POU5F1 complex (PubMed:32703285). Regulates antiviral innate immunity by inhibiting the virus-triggered signaling nuclear translocation of IRF3. Mechanistically, acts by disrupting the interaction between IRF3 and importin IPO5. May play a role in later stages of the processing of the pre-ribosomal particles leading to mature 60S ribosomal subunits. Has intrinsic ATPase activity (By similarity).
messages: RNA helicase.
messages: The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:S1pr4
gene id: 10090:S1pr4
uniprot id: Q9Z0L1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for the lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P is a bioactive lysophospholipid that elicits diverse physiological effect on most types of cells and tissues. May be involved in cell migration processes that are specific for lymphocytes (By similarity).
messages: Specifically expressed in fetal and adult lymphoid and hematopoietic tissue. Expressed in lung, spleen, thymus and lymph node but absent in other non-lymphatic tissue. Coexpressed with GNA15 at the same relative levels in all tissues examined, with the highest levels in adult spleen and lung.

10090:Or10al4
gene id: 10090:Or10al4
uniprot id: Q8VFQ2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Myo1c
gene id: 10090:Myo1c
uniprot id: Q9WTI7
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Binds directly to large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) containing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). The PIP2-binding site corresponds to the myosin tail domain (PH-like) present in its tail domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with CABP1 and CIB1; the interaction with CABP1 and CIB1 is calcium-dependent (PubMed:17994197). Interacts (via tail domain) with PLEKHB1 (via PH domain); the interaction is not affected by the presence or absence of calcium and CALM (PubMed:15976448). Interacts with POLR1A (PubMed:16514417). Interacts with POLR2A (PubMed:11030652, PubMed:16960872). Component of the B-WICH complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H, BAZ1B/WSTF, SF3B1, DEK, MYO1C, ERCC6, MYBBP1A and DDX21 (PubMed:16514417). Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with CALM; this precludes interaction with YWHAB (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB; this precludes interaction with CALM (By similarity). Interacts with RPS6 (By similarity). Interacts with actin (By similarity). Interacts with LLPH (PubMed:26961175). Interacts with GLUT4 (PubMed:22918957). Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with SH3BGRL3; the interaction is dependent on calcium and takes place at membrane ruffles (By similarity).
messages: Involved in regulation of transcription. Associated with transcriptional active ribosomal genes. Appears to cooperate with the WICH chromatin-remodeling complex to facilitate transcription. Necessary for the formation of the first phosphodiester bond during transcription initiation.
messages: Isoform 2 contains a N-acetylmethionine at position 1.
messages: Isoform 3 is expressed in small intestine, pancreas, brain, kidney, skin, heart muscle, testis, striated muscle, spleen, liver and lung (at protein level). Expressed in brain, testis, adrenal glands, thymus, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, cochlea and vestibule. Expressed in sensory hair cells of the inner ear. Expressed in adipocytes.
messages: May be due to a frameshift.
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails bind to membranous compartments, which then are moved relative to actin filaments. Involved in glucose transporter recycling in response to insulin by regulating movement of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles to the plasma membrane. Component of the hair cell's (the sensory cells of the inner ear) adaptation-motor complex. Acts as a mediator of adaptation of mechanoelectrical transduction in stereocilia of vestibular hair cells. Binds phosphoinositides and links the actin cytoskeleton to cellular membranes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).
messages: Up-regulated by serum.
messages: cell cortex
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: stereocilium membrane

10090:Cacng5
gene id: 10090:Cacng5
uniprot id: Q544Q4
uniprot id: Q8VHW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family. CACNG subfamily.
messages: Brain. Enriched in Bergman glia, as well as a variety of neuronal populations including locus coeruleus, olfactory bulb, lateral septal nucleus, interpeduncular nucleus, and the CA2 and rostral/medial CA1 regions of hippocampus.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: Regulates the gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Modulates their gating properties by accelerating their rates of activation, deactivation and desensitization. Displays subunit-specific AMPA receptor regulation. Shows specificity for GRIA1, GRIA4 and the long isoform of GRIA2. Thought to stabilize the calcium channel in an inactivated (closed) state (By similarity).
messages: The L-type calcium channel is composed of five subunits: alpha-1, alpha-2/delta, beta and gamma. Acts as an auxiliary subunit for AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4 (By similarity).

10090:Or4c126
gene id: 10090:Or4c126
uniprot id: Q8VFB0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Kcnt2
gene id: 10090:Kcnt2
uniprot id: D3YTU6
uniprot id: D3Z592
uniprot id: D3Z649
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Popdc3
gene id: 10090:Popdc3
uniprot id: Q9ES81
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the popeye family.
messages: Expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
messages: May play a role in the maintenance of heart function mediated, at least in part, through cAMP-binding. May play a role in the regulation of KCNK2-mediated current amplitude (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Il18rap
gene id: 10090:Il18rap
uniprot id: Q0VBK3
uniprot id: Q9Z2B1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms a ternary complex with IL18 and IL18R1. Within this complex, IL18R1 is involved in ligand-binding and IL18RAP in signaling leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation.
messages: Impaired IL-18 signaling.
messages: The TIR domain mediates NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity. Self-association of TIR domains is required for NADase activity.
messages: Within the IL18 receptor complex, does not mediate IL18-binding, but involved in IL18-dependent signal transduction, leading to NF-kappa-B and JNK activation (PubMed:11046021, PubMed:15843532, PubMed:9792649). May play a role in IL18-mediated IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells (By similarity).

10090:Klk1b22
gene id: 10090:Klk1b22
uniprot id: P15948
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Glandular kallikreins cleave Met-Lys and Arg-Ser bonds in kininogen to release Lys-bradykinin.

10090:Or8c20
gene id: 10090:Or8c20
uniprot id: L7N1Z5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pi16
gene id: 10090:Pi16
uniprot id: Q9ET66
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CRISP family.
messages: Expressed strongly in aorta and skin, and weakly in adipose tissue (at protein level). In heart, found in the extracellular space surrounding cardiomyocytes (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with PSP94/MSMB.
messages: May inhibit cardiomyocyte growth.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in a mouse model of heart failure.

10090:Polr1b
gene id: 10090:Polr1b
uniprot id: P70700
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) complex consisting of at least 13 subunits.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol I is composed of mobile elements and RPA2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Or5m5
gene id: 10090:Or5m5
uniprot id: A0PK66
uniprot id: Q8VFL5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Hpgd
gene id: 10090:Hpgd
uniprot id: Q8VCC1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Catalyzes the NAD-dependent dehydrogenation (oxidation) of a broad array of hydroxylated polyunsaturated fatty acids (mainly eicosanoids and docosanoids, including prostaglandins, lipoxins and resolvins), yielding their corresponding keto (oxo) metabolites (By similarity) (PubMed:8950170). Decreases the levels of the pro-proliferative prostaglandins such as prostaglandin E2 (whose activity is increased in cancer because of an increase in the expression of cyclooxygenase 2) and generates oxo-fatty acid products that can profoundly influence cell function by abrogating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Converts resolvins E1, D1 and D2 to their oxo products, which represents a mode of resolvin inactivation. Resolvin E1 plays important roles during the resolution phase of acute inflammation, while resolvins D1 and D2 have a unique role in obesity-induced adipose inflammation (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney, where it colocalizes with the prostaglandin transporter SLC22A22 (at protein level) (PubMed:20448048). Expressed in lung, intestine, stomach and liver (PubMed:8950170).
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Klhl8
gene id: 10090:Klhl8
uniprot id: P59280
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the BCR(KLHL8) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, KLHL8 and RBX1. Interacts with RAPSN (By similarity).
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex required for The BCR(KLHL8) ubiquitin ligase complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of RAPSN.

10090:Spg21
gene id: 10090:Spg21
uniprot id: A2RT57
uniprot id: Q9CQC8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in cell lines FT.1 and in a L cell fibroblast derivative (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CD4. Interacts with ALDH16A1.
messages: May play a role as a negative regulatory factor in CD4-dependent T-cell activation.

10090:Fcgr4
gene id: 10090:Fcgr4
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1G0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By lipopolysaccharide, interferon beta and IFNG.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected on myeloid cells, peripheral blood monocytes, splenic and bone marrow dendritic cells, and thioglycollate-elicited macrophages and neutrophils but absent from lymphoid populations with no expression observed on T cells, B cells, NK cells or other granulocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:16039578, PubMed:19795417). Expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes, spleen, liver, thymus and small intestine (PubMed:12389094, PubMed:17558411). Expressed in splenic dendritic cell subsets (at protein level).
messages: Forms a heterooligomeric complex with ITAM-containing signaling subunits FCER1G. Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with signaling subunits; this interaction is a prerequisite for receptor complex expression on the cell surface and intracellular signal transduction. Binds the Fc region of antigen-complexed IgG.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated following receptor ligation.
messages: Receptor for the invariable Fc fragment of immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) (PubMed:16039578). Binds with intermediate affinity to both IgG2a and IgG2b (PubMed:16039578, PubMed:17558411, PubMed:19795417). Can bind to IgG2a and IgG2b monomers (PubMed:18949059). Does not display binding to IgG1 or IgG3 (PubMed:16039578). Recognizes neutralizing virus-specific IgGs displayed on the cell surface of infected cells and triggers antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Confers protection to lethal influenza virus infection (PubMed:24412922). On splenic dendritic cells, uptakes antigen immune complexes and efficiently divert them into MHC class I and II antigen presentation pathways to provide for superior priming of CD4-positive and CD8-positive T cell immune responses (PubMed:28389502). Mediates neutrophil activation by IgG complexes redundantly with FCGR2A (PubMed:18097064). Plays a role in promoting bone resorption by enhancing osteoclast differentiation following binding to IgG2a (PubMed:25824719). Also acts as a receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin epsilon (IgE) (PubMed:17558411, PubMed:18949059). Binds with low affinity to both the a and b allotypes of IgE (PubMed:18949059). Has also been shown to bind to IgE allotype a only but not to allotype b (PubMed:17558411). Binds aggregated IgE but not the monomeric form and bound monomeric IgG is readily displaced by IgE complexes (PubMed:18949059). Binding to IgE promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis, antigen presentation to T cells, production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the late phase of cutaneous allergic reactions (PubMed:17558411, PubMed:18949059). Mediates enhanced ADCC in response to afucosylated IgGs (PubMed:34485821).

10090:Dynlt4
gene id: 10090:Dynlt4
uniprot id: Q8CDY7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is elevated in spermatocytes, this expression is maintained high in the round spermatids with a decreased in elongated spermatid.
messages: Interacts with ENG/endoglin, TGFBR2 and TGFBR3. Interacts with PPP1CC.
messages: Nucleus
messages: acrosome
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: flagellum
messages: microtubule organizing center

10090:Rpl15
gene id: 10090:Rpl15
uniprot id: Q5M8Q0
uniprot id: Q9CZM2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Interacts with IFIT1 (via TPR repeats 1-4).
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Gapdh
gene id: 10090:Gapdh
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQF6
uniprot id: D2KHZ9
uniprot id: P16858
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity is inhibited by fumarate, via the formation of S-(2-succinyl)cysteine residues.
messages: Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively (PubMed:19903941). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate (PubMed:19903941). Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon-activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes (PubMed:23071094). Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation (PubMed:23071094). Also plays a role in innate immunity by promoting TNF-induced NF-kappa-B activation and type I interferon production, via interaction with TRAF2 and TRAF3, respectively (By similarity). Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer (PubMed:23071094). Interacts with TPPP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (when S-nitrosylated) with SIAH1; leading to nuclear translocation. Interacts with RILPL1/GOSPEL, leading to prevent the interaction between GAPDH and SIAH1 and prevent nuclear translocation. Interacts with CHP1; the interaction increases the binding of CHP1 with microtubules. Associates with microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with EIF1AD, USP25, PRKCI and WARS1. Interacts with phosphorylated RPL13A; inhibited by oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) (By similarity). Component of the GAIT complex. Interacts with FKBP6; leading to inhibit GAPDH catalytic activity (PubMed:23071094). Interacts with TRAF2, promoting TRAF2 ubiquitination (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF3, promoting TRAF3 ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oxidative stress can promote the formation of high molecular weight disulfide-linked GAPDH aggregates, through a process called nucleocytoplasmic coagulation.
messages: S-nitrosylation of Cys-150 leads to interaction with SIAH1, followed by translocation to the nucleus S-nitrosylation of Cys-245 is induced by interferon-gamma and LDL(ox) implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex and seems to prevent interaction with phosphorylated RPL13A and to interfere with GAIT complex activity (By similarity).
messages: Succination of Cys-150 and Cys-245 by the Krebs cycle intermediate fumarate, which leads to S-(2-succinyl)cysteine residues, inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. Fumarate concentration as well as succination of cysteine residues in GAPDH is significantly increased in muscle of diabetic mammals. It was proposed that the S-(2-succinyl)cysteine chemical modification may be a useful biomarker of mitochondrial and oxidative stress in diabetes and that succination of GAPDH and other thiol proteins by fumarate may contribute to the metabolic changes underlying the development of diabetes complications.
messages: Sulfhydration at Cys-150 increases catalytic activity.
messages: The [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif is a proposed target motif for cysteine S-nitrosylation mediated by the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: cytosol

10090:Coq8a
gene id: 10090:Coq8a
uniprot id: Q60936
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adopts an atypical protein kinase-like fold: while it adopts a core fold similar to that of well-characterized protein kinase-like domains, a number of features are positioned to inhibit the kinase activity: (1) an atypical AAAS motif in an alanine-rich (A-rich) loop that replaces the canonical glycine-rich (G-rich) nucleotide-binding loop and limits ATP binding by establishing an unusual selectivity for ADP and (2) an N-terminal domain, containing the KxGQ motif, that completely occludes the typical substrate binding pocket. Nucleotide-binding opens the substrate binding pocket and flips the active site from inside the hydrophobic core into a catalytically competent, solvent-exposed posture.
messages: Atypical kinase involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q, also named ubiquinone, an essential lipid-soluble electron transporter for aerobic cellular respiration (PubMed:27499294). Its substrate specificity is unclear: does not show any protein kinase activity (PubMed:27499294). Probably acts as a small molecule kinase, possibly a lipid kinase that phosphorylates a prenyl lipid in the ubiquinone biosynthesis pathway, as suggested by its ability to bind coenzyme Q lipid intermediates (By similarity). Shows an unusual selectivity for binding ADP over ATP (By similarity).
messages: Autoinhibited by the N-terminal domain, containing the KxGQ motif, that completely occludes the typical substrate binding pocket. Nucleotide-binding relieves inhibition.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
messages: Homodimer; homodimerizes via its transmembrane region. Interacts with the multi-subunit COQ enzyme complex, composed of at least COQ3, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7 and COQ9.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice were born at the expected Mendelian frequency and do not show overt phenotype under normal conditions. They however develop a slowly progressive loss of coordination after birth and develop ataxia and seizures. Defects are due to dysfunctional cerebellar Purkinje cells and defective skeletal muscle. Mice display tissue-specific coenzyme Q deficiency: coenzyme Q levels are normal in younger mice but significantly and specifically reduced in skeletal muscle. However, normal coenzyme Q levels are observed in whole cerebella, suggesting that cerebellar Purkinje cells are specifically affected.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Present in various tissues (at protein level).

10090:Cntnap5c
gene id: 10090:Cntnap5c
uniprot id: Q0V8T7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neurexin family.
messages: Expressed from 6 dpc in brain.
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: May play a role in the correct development and proper functioning of the peripheral and central nervous system and be involved in cell adhesion and intercellular communication.
messages: Membrane

10090:Erich6
gene id: 10090:Erich6
uniprot id: D3Z6S9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ERICH6 family.

10090:Slc66a3
gene id: 10090:Slc66a3
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VLY9
uniprot id: Q3UU83
uniprot id: Q8C6U2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Rab3d
gene id: 10090:Rab3d
uniprot id: P35276
uniprot id: Q543Q4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with RIMS1, RIMS2, RPH3A, RPH3AL and RAB3IP (PubMed:11431472, PubMed:12578829). Interacts with CHM and CHML; phosphorylation at Thr-86 disrupts these interactions (By similarity). Interacts with MADD (via uDENN domain); the GTP-bound form is preferred for interaction (PubMed:18849981).
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-86 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM and CHML.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the adipocyte tissue, but is also expressed in several other organs including skin, spleen, heart and lung.
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity). May be involved in the insulin-induced exocytosis of glut4-containing vesicles in adipocytes.
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic.

10090:Rspo3
gene id: 10090:Rspo3
uniprot id: Q2TJ95
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by acting as a ligand for LGR4-6 receptors, which acts as a key regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:16543246, PubMed:21693646, PubMed:26766444). Upon binding to LGR4-6 (LGR4, LGR5 or LGR6), LGR4-6 associate with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. Also regulates the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway and non-canonical Wnt signaling by acting as an inhibitor of ZNRF3, an important regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway. Acts as a ligand for frizzled FZD8 and LRP6. May negatively regulate the TGF-beta pathway (PubMed:16543246, PubMed:21693646). Acts as a key regulator of angiogenesis by controlling vascular stability and pruning: acts by activating the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway in endothelial cells (PubMed:26766444, PubMed:16543246, PubMed:21693646). Can also amplify Wnt signaling pathway independently of LGR4-6 receptors, possibly by acting as a direct antagonistic ligand to RNF43 and ZNRF3 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the R-spondin family.
messages: Embryonic lethality due to vascular remodeling defects (PubMed:26766444). Conditional knockout in endothelial cells results in impaired developmental and tumor vascular remodeling. Mice show endothelial cell apoptosis and vascular pruning, leading to reduced microvessel density (PubMed:26766444).
messages: Expressed from day 7.5 in the primitive streak. At day 9.5, it is expressed in various neural and mesodermal derivatives, mainly along dorsal neural tube, diencephalon, somites and tailbud mesoderm. Strongly expressed in limb buds, particularly in the morphogenetically active region such as the apical ectodermal ridge (AER).
messages: Highly expressed in endothelial cells (PubMed:26766444).
messages: Interacts with the extracellular domain of FZD8 and LRP6 (PubMed:16543246). It however does not form a ternary complex with FZD8 and LRP6 (PubMed:16543246). Interacts with WNT1 (PubMed:16543246). Binds heparin. Interacts with LGR4, LGR5 and LGR6 (PubMed:21693646).
messages: Secreted
messages: The FU repeats are required for activation and stabilization of beta-catenin.

10090:Pten
gene id: 10090:Pten
uniprot id: A0A6G7SF19
uniprot id: O08586
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Tumor suppressor, the lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function (By similarity). Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival (PubMed:10339565, PubMed:19778506, PubMed:31492966). The unphosphorylated form cooperates with MAGI2 to suppress AKT1 activation. In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation (By similarity). Required for growth factor-induced epithelial cell migration; growth factor stimulation induces PTEN phosphorylation which changes its binding preference from the p85 regulatory subunit of the PI3K kinase complex to DLC1 and results in translocation of the PTEN-DLC1 complex to the posterior of migrating cells to promote RHOA activation (By similarity). Meanwhile, TNS3 switches binding preference from DLC1 to p85 and the TNS3-p85 complex translocates to the leading edge of migrating cells to activate RAC1 activation (By similarity). Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation (PubMed:10339565, PubMed:19778506). Involved…
messages: Belongs to the PTEN phosphatase protein family.
messages: Constitutively phosphorylated by CK2 under normal conditions. Phosphorylation results in an inhibited activity towards PIP3. Phosphorylation can both inhibit or promote PDZ-binding. Phosphorylation at Tyr-336 by FRK/PTK5 protects this protein from ubiquitin-mediated degradation probably by inhibiting its binding to NEDD4 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by PLK3 promotes its stability and prevents its degradation by the proteasome. Phosphorylation by ROCK1 is essential for its stability and activity. Phosphorylated on Thr-319 and Thr-321 in the C2-type tensin domain following EGF stimulation which changes its binding preference from the p85 regulatory subunit of the PI3K kinase complex to DLC1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: ISGylated. ISGylation promotes PTEN degradation.
messages: Monomer. The unphosphorylated form interacts with the second PDZ domain of MAGI2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAGI2, MAGI3, MAST1 and MAST3, but neither with MAST4 nor with DLG5; interaction with MAGI2 increases protein stability (By similarity). Interacts with NEDD4 (By similarity). Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; in the presence of NEDD4 or ITCH, this interaction promotes PTEN ubiquitination (By similarity). Interacts (via C2 domain) with FRK (By similarity). Interacts with USP7; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with ROCK1 (PubMed:20008297). Interacts with XIAP/BIRC4 (PubMed:19473982). Interacts with STK11; the interaction phosphorylates PTEN (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R16B (By similarity). Interacts with NOP53; regulates PTEN phosphorylation and increases its stability (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain-binding motif) with DLG4; the interaction is induced by NMDA and is required for PTEN location at postsynaptic density (By similarity). Interacts with the regulatory p85 subunit of the PI3K kinase complex and with Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1; in resting cells, interacts (via C2 tensin-type domain) with p85 but, following growth factor stimulation, PTEN is phosphorylated which leads to weakened interaction with p85 and enhanced interaction (via C2 tensin-type domain) with DLC1 while p85 interaction with TNS3 increases (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitinated; monoubiquitination is increased in presence of retinoic acid. Deubiquitinated by USP7; leading to its nuclear exclusion. Monoubiquitination of one of either Lys-13 and Lys-289 amino acid is sufficient to modulate PTEN compartmentalization (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by XIAP/BIRC4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Ubiquitinated by the DCX(DCAF13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, leading to its degradation.
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Trex1
gene id: 10090:Trex1
uniprot id: Q91XB0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily. TREX family.
messages: Binds 2 Mg(2+) per subunit. The second magnesium ion interacts with only one residue. Substitution with Mn(2+) results in partial activity.
messages: Calcium, lithium and sodium inhibit the exonuclease activity but not the DNA binding.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17293595, PubMed:17355961, PubMed:22071149). Interacts (via proline-rich region) with TCERG1/CA150 (via the second WW domain) (PubMed:17355961). Component of the SET complex, composed of at least ANP32A, APEX1, HMGB2, NME1, SET and TREX1 (By similarity). Within this complex, directly interacts with SET; this interaction does not result in TREX1 inhibition (By similarity). Also interacts with NME1, but only following translocation to the nucleus (By similarity). Directly interacts with UBQLN1 (via ubiquitin-like domain); the interaction may control TREX1 subcellular location (By similarity).
messages: Induced by cytosolic DNA. Induced by inflammatory stimuli in a cell-specific fashion. Up-regulated by IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma in B-cells and by LPS and viral and bacterial DNA (via Toll-like receptor signaling) in dendritic cells and macrophages.
messages: Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini (PubMed:10391904, PubMed:11279105, PubMed:15254239, PubMed:17293595, PubMed:17355961, PubMed:18780819). Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity (PubMed:18724932, PubMed:24218451). Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements (PubMed:18724932). Plays a key role in degradation of DNA fragments at cytosolic micronuclei arising from genome instability: its association with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane directs TREX1 to ruptured micronuclei, leading to micronuclear DNA degradation (By similarity). Micronuclear DNA degradation is required to limit CGAS activation and subsequent inflammation (By similarity). Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling, leading to the production of type I interferon (PubMed:18724932). Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates (PubMed:18045533). Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light (PubMed:23993650). During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1 (By similarity). NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair (By similarity).
messages: Mutant animals exhibit a dramatically reduced survival after weaning, with 50% of survival at 9 weeks (PubMed:18724932) or 17 weeks (PubMed:15254239). In 6-8 week old animals, multiple organs show extensive inflammation. The most severe diffuse lymphocytic infiltration occurs in the heart, followed by the lung, the liver, the smooth muscle of the uterus and the salivary gland with periductal infiltration. Other tissues exhibit only minimal to mild lymphocytic infiltration (PubMed:24218451). The heart phenotype includes inflammatory myocarditis leading to progressive, often dilated, cardiomyopathy and circulatory failure. Enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes is observed in less than 10% of old mice (over 1 year of age) (PubMed:15254239). Mutant animals have a reduced 3'-exonuclease activity. They accumulate ssDNA from endogenous retroelements and produce high levels of autoantibodies. Do not show an increase in spontaneous mutation frequency or cancer incidence. Double knockout of TREX1 and either IRF3, IFNAR1 or RAG2 fully rescues the TREX1 single knockout phenotype (PubMed:18724932).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated, but not targeted to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination may be important for interaction with UBQLN1 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed with high expression levels detected in spleen, thymus and uterus.
messages: cytosol

10090:Lrrtm2
gene id: 10090:Lrrtm2
uniprot id: Q8BGA3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRRTM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in neuronal tissues.
messages: Interacts with DLG4. Interacts with neurexin NRXN1; interaction is mediated by heparan sulfate glycan modification on neurexin.
messages: Involved in the development and maintenance of excitatory synapses in the vertebrate nervous system. Regulates surface expression of AMPA receptors and instructs the development of functional glutamate release sites. Acts as a ligand for the presynaptic receptors NRXN1-A and NRXN1-B (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptogenic effects are mediated by the extracellular LRR region.

10090:Hes6
gene id: 10090:Hes6
uniprot id: Q9JHE6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Does not bind DNA itself but suppresses both HES1-mediated N box-dependent transcriptional repression and binding of HES1 to E box sequences. Also suppresses HES1-mediated inhibition of the heterodimer formed by ASCL1/MASH1 and TCF3/E47, allowing ASCL1 and TCF3 to up-regulate transcription in its presence. Promotes cell differentiation.
messages: Expressed in both embryo and adult. Expression in the embryo is detected from 8.5 dpc. In the retina, expressed at high levels at postnatal 0 dpc. Expression in brain and retina decreases postnatally but still detectable in adult.
messages: Expressed in both undifferentiated and differentiated cells. High levels of expression are observed in several embryonic tissues including the nervous system, muscle and thymus. In the nervous system, initially expressed in the closing neural tube, then in the spinal cord, cranial and dorsal root ganglia, and brain neuroepithelium. Also expressed in epithelial cells of the embryonic respiratory, urinary and digestive systems. In the limb buds, expressed in skeletal muscle and presumptive tendons.
messages: Has a particular type of basic domain (presence of a helix-interrupting proline) that binds to the N-box (CACNAG), rather than the canonical E-box (CANNTG).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal WRPW motif is a transcriptional repression domain necessary for the interaction with Groucho/TLE family members, transcriptional corepressors recruited to specific target DNA by Hairy-related proteins.
messages: Transcription repression requires formation of a complex with a corepressor protein of the Groucho/TLE family (By similarity). Interacts with HES1.

10090:Or52j3
gene id: 10090:Or52j3
uniprot id: E9PYB3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Acot3
gene id: 10090:Acot3
uniprot id: Q53YL1
uniprot id: Q9QYR7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels (PubMed:15007068, PubMed:16940157). Mainly active on long-chain acyl-CoAs (PubMed:15007068, PubMed:16940157). May have a function in termination of beta-oxidation of fatty acids (PubMed:16940157).
messages: In the liver and kidney, by peroxisome proliferator (such as Clofibrate) treatment, via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) or fasting for 24 hours.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in the kidney, expressed at low level in the liver. Isoform 2 is expressed in the kidney, but not in the liver. Isoform 1 is liver-specific (PubMed:10567408). Highly expressed in kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:15007068).

10090:Anks1
gene id: 10090:Anks1
uniprot id: A0A3B2W7H4
uniprot id: P59672
uniprot id: Q3UHP6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via SAM domain) with EPHA2 (via SAM domain) (By similarity). Interacts with EPHA8; EPHA8 kinase activity-independent but stimulated by EPHA8 ubiquitination (PubMed:17875921). Interacts (via SAM domain) with EPHA6 (via SAM domain) (PubMed:29749928).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to EGF and PDGF.
messages: Regulator of different signaling pathways. Regulates EPHA8 receptor tyrosine kinase signaling to control cell migration and neurite retraction.

10090:Fbxw4
gene id: 10090:Fbxw4
uniprot id: Q9JMJ2
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex (Probable). Interacts with POUF51 (PubMed:29153991).
messages: Probably recognizes and binds to some phosphorylated proteins and promotes their ubiquitination and degradation. Likely to be involved in key signaling pathways crucial for normal limb development. May participate in Wnt signaling.

10090:Lcn4
gene id: 10090:Lcn4
uniprot id: Q24JQ8
uniprot id: Q62472
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed in vomeronasal and posterior glands of the nasal septum, the ducts of which open into the lumen of the vomeronasal organ.
messages: Transport of lipophilic molecules, possible pheromone-carrier.

10090:Tas2r109
gene id: 10090:Tas2r109
uniprot id: Q7M707
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Or2w2
gene id: 10090:Or2w2
uniprot id: Q5SZS9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Alg13
gene id: 10090:Alg13
uniprot id: Q9D8C3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Isoform 2 may interact with ALG14.
messages: May be involved in protein N-glycosylation, second step of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide pathway (By. similarity).
messages: Possible multifunctional enzyme with both glycosyltransferase and deubiquitinase activities.

10090:Cfap141
gene id: 10090:Cfap141
uniprot id: Q9D9D9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Prkx
gene id: 10090:Prkx
uniprot id: Q922R0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily.
messages: Binding of cAMP to the PRKAR1A or PRKAR1B regulatory subunits induces dissociation of the holoenzyme heterotetramer. The released monomeric PRKX is then active and able to phosphorylate its substrates (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in central nervous system and heart tissues in early development stages and in most organs at later stages (at protein level). Detected in embryos from 9 dpc onward with higher expression in differentiating neuronal tissues at 11.5 dpc.
messages: Like other cAMP-dependent protein kinases, the inactive holoenzyme is probably composed of 2 PRKX catalytic subunits and a dimer of regulatory subunits. Interacts (cAMP-dependent) specifically with the regulatory subunits PRKAR1A and PRKAR1B. Compared to other cAMP-dependent serine/threonine protein kinases, does not interact with the 2 other PKA regulatory subunits PRKAR2A and PRKAR2B. Interacts with PIN1 (via WW domain). Interacts with cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor/PKI proteins; inhibits PRKX (By similarity). Interacts with GPKOW (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD6 (By similarity). Interacts with PKD1; involved in differentiation and controlled morphogenesis of the kidney (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated; autophosphorylates in vitro.
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase regulated by and mediating cAMP signaling in cells. Acts through phosphorylation of downstream targets that may include CREB, SMAD6 and PKD1 and has multiple functions in cellular differentiation and epithelial morphogenesis. Regulates myeloid cell differentiation through SMAD6 phosphorylation. Involved in nephrogenesis by stimulating renal epithelial cell migration and tubulogenesis. Also involved in angiogenesis through stimulation of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and vascular-like structure formation.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Shq1
gene id: 10090:Shq1
uniprot id: Q7TMX5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SHQ1 family.
messages: Directly interacts with DKC1 alone, but not in the context of the core trimer composed of DKC1, NOP10 and NHP2, nor in the presence of NAF1. Does not interact with NAF1 (By similarity).
messages: Required for the quantitative accumulation of H/ACA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), including telomerase, probably through the stabilization of DKC1, from the time of its synthesis until its association with NOP10, NHP2, and NAF1 at the nascent H/ACA RNA.
messages: cytosol
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Nav1
gene id: 10090:Nav1
uniprot id: Q8CH77
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Nav/unc-53 family.
messages: Expressed in heart and brain. Present in brain (at protein level). In adult brain, found almost exclusively in areas of secondary neurogenesis from the hippocampus and the subventricular zone.
messages: Expressed in neural structures at 10 dpc. At 13 dpc and 15 dpc, highly expressed in neural tube, somites, heart and dispersed cells in tongue and face. At P5, widely expressed through the central nervous system in post-mitotic post-migratory zones. Brain expression decreases rapidly from P5 to P21 (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with tubulin.
messages: May be involved in neuronal migration.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Lrat
gene id: 10090:Lrat
uniprot id: Q9JI60
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the H-rev107 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Hepatic stellate cells and endothelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Inhibited by all-trans-retinyl alpha-bromoacetate and N-boc-L-biocytinyl-11-aminoundecane chloro-methyl ketone (BACMK).
messages: Knockout mice are viable (PubMed:25416279). Knockout mice at one month of age show loss of nearly all cone photoreceptors in the central and ventral retina (PubMed:25416279). Surviving cone cells show severe degeneration, the dorsal retinal also exhibits a significant reduction in cone photoreceptors (PubMed:25416279). At one month of age rod photoreceptors show shorter outer segments (PubMed:25416279). Nearly all cone photoreceptors are lost by six months of age (PubMed:25416279). Remaining cone cells show disrupted structures with the majority showing abnormal cell bodies or lack of an outer segment (PubMed:25416279).
messages: LRAT activity is up-regulated by dietary vitamin A (By similarity). Under conditions of vitamin A depletion, LRAT expression in the liver is induced by retinoic acid.
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Transfers the acyl group from the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine to all-trans retinol, producing all-trans retinyl esters. Retinyl esters are storage forms of vitamin A (PubMed:28758396). LRAT plays a critical role in vision (By similarity). It provides the all-trans retinyl ester substrates for the isomerohydrolase which processes the esters into 11-cis-retinol in the retinal pigment epithelium; due to a membrane-associated alcohol dehydrogenase, 11 cis-retinol is oxidized and converted into 11-cis-retinaldehyde which is the chromophore for rhodopsin and the cone photopigments (By similarity). Required for the survival of cone photoreceptors and correct rod photoreceptor cell morphology (PubMed:25416279).
messages: multivesicular body
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Plekhg6
gene id: 10090:Plekhg6
uniprot id: Q8R0J1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor activating the small GTPase RHOA, which, in turn, induces myosin filament formation. Also activates RHOG. Does not activate RAC1, or to a much lower extent than RHOA and RHOG. Part of a functional unit, involving PLEKHG6, MYH10 and RHOA, at the cleavage furrow to advance furrow ingression during cytokinesis. In epithelial cells, required for the formation of microvilli and membrane ruffles on the apical pole. Along with EZR, required for normal macropinocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with MYH10. Interacts with ELMO1 and EZR (in an open conformation). Interacts with CSPP1 (By similarity).
messages: microvillus
messages: spindle

10090:Fkbp5
gene id: 10090:Fkbp5
uniprot id: Q64378
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation impairs ability to promote interaction between Akt/AKT1 and PHLPP1. Deacetylation by SIRT7 promotes interaction between Akt/AKT1 and PHLPP1, leading to suppress Akt/AKT1 activation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Immunophilin protein with PPIase and co-chaperone activities. Component of unligated steroid receptors heterocomplexes through interaction with heat-shock protein 90 (HSP90). Plays a role in the intracellular trafficking of heterooligomeric forms of steroid hormone receptors maintaining the complex into the cytoplasm when unliganded. Acts as a regulator of Akt/AKT1 activity by promoting the interaction between Akt/AKT1 and PHLPP1, thereby enhancing dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of Akt/AKT1. Interacts with IKBKE and IKBKB which facilitates IKK complex assembly leading to increased IKBKE and IKBKB kinase activity, NF-kappaB activation, and IFN production.
messages: Inhibited by both FK506 and rapamycin.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a heteromultimeric cytoplasmic complex with HSP90AA1, HSPA1A/HSPA1B and steroid receptors (PubMed:11751894). Upon ligand binding dissociates from the complex and FKBP4 takes its place (PubMed:11751894). Interacts with functionally mature heterooligomeric progesterone receptor complexes along with HSP90 and TEBP (By similarity). Interacts with NR3C1 (PubMed:21994940). Interacts with Akt/AKT1 and PHLPP1; enhancing dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of Akt/AKT1 (By similarity). Interacts with IFI44L; this interaction modulates the kinase activity of IKBKB and IKBKE (By similarity). Interacts with IKBKB and IKBKE (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed, highest levels found in the liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and thymus. Expression is regulated during adipocyte differentiation.

10090:Rab4a
gene id: 10090:Rab4a
uniprot id: P56371
uniprot id: Q3ULK1
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system, including cortex, cerebellum, midbrain and spinal cord, and in the kidney, lung, liver and spleen.
messages: Interacts with SGSM1, SGSM2 and SGSM3 (PubMed:17509819). Interacts with RAB11FIP1, RABEP1, ZFYVE20 and RUFY1 (PubMed:11172003). Interacts (membrane-bound form) with NDRG1; the interaction involves NDRG1 in vesicular recycling of E-cadherin. Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with GRIPAP1 (via N-terminus). Interacts with RABEP1 and RBSN (By similarity). Does not interact with HPS4 (By similarity). Does not interact with HPS4 (PubMed:20048159). Interacts with RABEP2; this interaction may mediate VEGFR2 cell surface expression (By similarity).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-6 is the initiator.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1 kinase during mitosis.
messages: Protein transport.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Serotonylation of Gln-72 by TGM2 during activation and aggregation of platelets leads to constitutive activation of GTPase activity.
messages: Small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state (PubMed:14697203). Involved in protein transport. Plays a role in vesicular traffic. Mediates VEGFR2 endosomal trafficking to enhance VEGFR2 signaling (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of platelet alpha-granule release during activation and aggregation of platelets (PubMed:14697203).

10090:Blzf1
gene id: 10090:Blzf1
uniprot id: Q8R2X8
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by tankyrase TNKS and TNKS2. Poly-ADP-ribosylated protein is recognized by RNF146, followed by ubiquitination.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with GORASP2 (PubMed:11739401, PubMed:28049725). Interacts with the GTP-bound form of RAB2, but not with other Golgi Rab proteins (PubMed:11739401). Identified in a complex with RAB2 and GORASP2 (PubMed:11739401).
messages: Required for normal Golgi structure and for protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface.
messages: The tankyrase-binding motif (also named TBD) is required for interaction with tankyrase TNKS and TNKS2.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF146 when poly-ADP-ribosylated, leading to its degradation.
messages: Was initially thought to be a potential transcription factor, localized in the nucleus.

10090:Efemp1
gene id: 10090:Efemp1
uniprot id: Q8BPB5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Binds EGFR, the EGF receptor, inducing EGFR autophosphorylation and the activation of downstream signaling pathways. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration. May function as a negative regulator of chondrocyte differentiation. In the olfactory epithelium, it may regulate glial cell migration, differentiation and the ability of glial cells to support neuronal neurite outgrowth (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with ECM1. Interacts with TIMP3.
messages: Mice are viable and have no overt phenotype at birth. However, they exhibit reduced reproductivity and an early onset of aging-associated phenotypes including reduced lifespan, decreased body mass, lordokyphosis, reduced hair growth and generalized fat, muscle and organ atrophy. They also display multiple hernias associated with a reduction of elastic fibers in facia, the thin layer of connective tissue maintaining and protecting structures throughout the body. However, there is no apparent macular degeneration.
messages: extracellular matrix
messages: extracellular space

10090:Acox2
gene id: 10090:Acox2
uniprot id: Q9QXD1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-667 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and tri-hydroxycoprostanic acids (By similarity). Capable of oxidizing short as well as long chain 2-methyl branched fatty acids (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome

10090:Rras
gene id: 10090:Rras
uniprot id: P10833
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with PLCE1 (By similarity). Interacts (active GTP-bound form preferentially) with RGS14 (By similarity). Interacts with OSBPL3 (By similarity). Interacts with ZDHHC19 (By similarity).
messages: Regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. With OSPBL3, modulates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activity.
messages: S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC19, leading to increased association with membranes and with rafts/caveolae as well as enhanced cell viability.

10090:Pgc
gene id: 10090:Pgc
uniprot id: Q9D7R7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.
messages: Hydrolyzes a variety of proteins.
messages: Secreted

10090:Psme3ip1
gene id: 10090:Psme3ip1
uniprot id: Q91WE2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with both free and 20S proteasome-bound forms of the proteasome activator complex subunit PSME3/PA28G; the interaction is direct.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CK2 stabilizes the interaction with PSME3.
messages: Promotes the association of the proteasome activator complex subunit PSME3 with the 20S proteasome and regulates its activity. Inhibits PSME3-mediated degradation of some proteasome substrates, probably by affecting their diffusion rate into the catalytic chamber of the proteasome. Also inhibits the interaction of PSME3 with COIL, inhibits accumulation of PSME3 in Cajal bodies and positively regulates the number of Cajal bodies in the nucleus.
messages: Shows relatively constant expression in both proliferating myoblasts and in differentiated myotubes, when assayed in C2C12 cell line (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated in response to denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Induced by MYOD1.

10090:Cd300ld3
gene id: 10090:Cd300ld3
uniprot id: Q6SJQ5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an activating receptor inducing cytokine production in mast cells. Can act as a positive regulator of TLR9 signaling in macrophages, leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated in macrophages by single-stranded CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Highly expressed in bone marrow-derived mast cells and macrophages, peripheral blood monocytes and CD11c+ cells, with weaker expression detected in CD11b cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Not detected in B220+ cells in bone marrow or spleen, in Thy-1.2+ or CD3+ cells in peripheral blood, spleen or thymus, or in NK1.1+ cells in spleen (at protein level). Widely expressed in various tissues including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, bone marrow, thymus, axillary lymph node and mesenteric lymph node. Highly expressed in macrophage cell lines J774.1 and RAW 264.7 and in mast cell line MC/9. Weak expression detected in B-lineage cell lines WEHI-231 and A20 and in dendritic cell line DC2.4. Not detected in other myeloid cell lines or T-lineage cell lines.
messages: Interacts with FCER1G; the interaction may be indirect. Interacts with TLR9.
messages: Lysosome

10090:Zcwpw1
gene id: 10090:Zcwpw1
uniprot id: Q6IR42
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Dual histone methylation reader specific for PRDM9-catalyzed histone marks (H3K4me3 and H3K36me3) that facilitates the repair of PRDM9-induced meiotic double-strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:32374261, PubMed:32352380, PubMed:32744506). Essential for male fertility and spermatogenesis (PubMed:31453335, PubMed:32374261, PubMed:32352380, PubMed:32744506). Required for meiosis prophase I progression in male but not in female germ cells (PubMed:31453335).
messages: Male mice are sterile with complete azoospermia and reduced testis size, show impaired spermatogenesis, spermatocytes display meiotic arrest at around the zygotene to pachytene stage with incomplete homologous synapsis which is accompanied by defective DNA double-strand breaks repair (PubMed:31453335, PubMed:32374261, PubMed:32352380, PubMed:32744506). Fertility of females is normal up to mid-adulthood (5 to 6 months of age), at 3 and 6 months, ovaries exhibit healthy ovarian morphologies, however ovaries are devoid of follicles at around 8 months of age, and accordingly female mice become infertile (PubMed:31453335, PubMed:32744506). Female germ cells exhibit a successful but delayed meiosis prophase I progression (PubMed:31453335).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis (at protein level) (PubMed:31453335, PubMed:32352380, PubMed:32374261, PubMed:32744506). Expressed in thymus, brain, lung, ovary, oviduct and uterus (PubMed:31453335).
messages: The CW-TYPE zinc finger mediates its binding to trimethylated histone H3K4me3.

10090:Asgr2
gene id: 10090:Asgr2
uniprot id: P24721
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium is required for ligand binding.
messages: Expressed exclusively in hepatic parenchymal cells.
messages: Interacts with LASS2.
messages: Mediates the endocytosis of plasma glycoproteins to which the terminal sialic acid residue on their complex carbohydrate moieties has been removed. The receptor recognizes terminal galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine units. After ligand binding to the receptor, the resulting complex is internalized and transported to a sorting organelle, where receptor and ligand are disassociated. The receptor then returns to the cell membrane surface.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mtg1
gene id: 10090:Mtg1
uniprot id: Q8R2R6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit; the association occurs in a GTP-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. MTG1 subfamily.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of the mitochondrial ribosome assembly and of translational activity (By similarity). Displays mitochondrial GTPase activity (By similarity).

10090:Bmyc
gene id: 10090:Bmyc
uniprot id: Q6P8Z1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highly expressed in epididymis. Also expressed in hypothalamus, pituitary, uterus and ovary. Low expression in testis. Not detected in heart.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Rapidly degraded via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
messages: Seems to act as an inhibitor of cellular proliferation.

10090:Dna2
gene id: 10090:Dna2
uniprot id: Q6ZQJ5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by EP300, leading to stimulate the 5'-3' endonuclease, the 5'-3' helicase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities, possibly by increasing DNA substrate affinity.
messages: Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Interacts with BLM and WDHD1.
messages: Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair: recruited by BLM and mediates the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA, while the 3'-ssDNA cleavage is prevented by the presence of RPA. Also involved in DNA replication checkpoint independently of Okazaki fragments processing. Possesses different enzymatic activities, such as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-dependent ATPase, 5'-3' helicase and endonuclease activities. While the ATPase and endonuclease activities are well-defined and play a key role in Okazaki fragments processing and DSB repair, the 5'-3' DNA helicase activity is subject to debate. According to various reports, the helicase activity is weak and its function remains largely unclear. Helicase activity may promote the motion of DNA2 on the flap, helping the nuclease function (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ifnar2
gene id: 10090:Ifnar2
uniprot id: O35664
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer with IFNAR1; forming the receptor for type I interferon. Interacts with the transcriptional factors STAT1 and STAT2. Interacts with JAK1. Interacts with USP18; indirectly via STAT2, it negatively regulates the assembly of the ternary interferon-IFNAR1-IFNAR2 complex and therefore type I interferon signaling.
messages: May be potent inhibitors of type I IFN receptor activity.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon interferon binding. Phosphorylation at Tyr-335 or Tyr-510 are sufficient to mediate interferon dependent activation of STAT1, STAT2 and STAT3 leading to antiproliferative effects on many different cell types (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Together with IFNAR1, forms the heterodimeric receptor for type I interferons (including interferons alpha, beta, epsilon, omega and kappa). Type I interferon binding activates the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, resulting in transcriptional activation or repression of interferon-regulated genes that encode the effectors of the interferon response. Mechanistically, type I interferon-binding brings the IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits into close proximity with one another, driving their associated Janus kinases (JAKs) (TYK2 bound to IFNAR1 and JAK1 bound to IFNAR2) to cross-phosphorylate one another. The activated kinases phosphorylate specific tyrosine residues on the intracellular domains of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, forming docking sites for the STAT transcription factors (STAT1, STAT2 and STAT). STAT proteins are then phosphorylated by the JAKs, promoting their translocation into the nucleus to regulate expression of interferon-regulated genes.
messages: Widely expressed. Detected in liver, testis, kidney, salivary gland, thymus, brain, lung and placenta. Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in brain.

10090:Sema6d
gene id: 10090:Sema6d
uniprot id: A2AW73
uniprot id: Q76KF0
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in brain and lung.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Shows growth cone collapsing activity on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in vitro. May be a stop signal for the DRG neurons in their target areas, and possibly also for other neurons. May also be involved in the maintenance and remodeling of neuronal connections (By similarity).

10090:Trnau1ap
gene id: 10090:Trnau1ap
uniprot id: Q80VC6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRM TRSPAP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a complex with tRNA(Sec) (By similarity). Interacts with SEPSECS (By similarity). Component of the tRNA(Sec) complex composed at least of EEFSEC, SECISBP2, SEPHS1, SEPSECS, TRNAU1AP and tRNA(Sec). Associates with mRNP and/or polysomes.
messages: Involved in the early steps of selenocysteine biosynthesis and tRNA(Sec) charging to the later steps resulting in the cotranslational incorporation of selenocysteine into selenoproteins. Stabilizes the SECISBP2, EEFSEC and tRNA(Sec) complex. May be involved in the methylation of tRNA(Sec). Enhances efficiency of selenoproteins synthesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn2r87
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r87
uniprot id: E9PZX4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zdhhc7
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc7
uniprot id: Q91WU6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autopalmitoylated.
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Golgi-localized palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and therefore functions in several unrelated biological processes (PubMed:15603741, PubMed:19001095, PubMed:23687301, PubMed:25253725). Has no stringent fatty acid selectivity and in addition to palmitate can also transfer onto target proteins myristate from tetradecanoyl-CoA and stearate from octadecanoyl-CoA (Probable). Palmitoylates sex steroid hormone receptors, including ESR1, PGR and AR, thereby regulating their targeting to the plasma membrane and their function in rapid intracellular signaling upon binding of sex hormones. Palmitoylates GNAQ, a heterotrimeric G protein, regulating its dynamic localization at the plasma membrane and is thereby involved in GNAQ-dependent G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways (PubMed:19001095). Functions also in ligand-induced cell death by regulating the FAS signaling pathway through the palmitoylation and stabilization of the receptor at the plasma membrane. In epithelial cells, palmitoylates SCRIB and regulates its localization to the plasma membrane, regulating indirectly cell polarity and differentiation. Also palmitoylates JAM3 and promotes its expression at tight junctions and regulates its function in cell migration (By similarity). Palmitoylates the glucose transporter GLUT4/SLC2A4 and controls the insulin-dependent translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane (PubMed:28057756). In brain, could also palmitoylate SNAP25 and DLG4/PSD95 (PubMed:15603741, PubMed:25253725). Could also palmitoylate DNAJC5 and regulate its localization to the Golgi membrane (PubMed:18596047). Could also palmitoylate NCDN (PubMed:23687301). May play a role in follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) activation of testicular Sertoli cells (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomers (PubMed:17151279). Heterooligomers with ZDHHC3 (PubMed:17151279).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable, fertile and do not display overt phenotype (PubMed:27875292). Knockout mice are hyperglycemic, glucose intolerant and develop a type II diabetic syndrome (PubMed:28057756). Zdhhc3 and Zdhhc7 double knockout mice show a perinatally lethal phenotype (PubMed:27875292).
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in liver, kidney and brain. Expressed in all brain regions.

10090:Or14j10
gene id: 10090:Or14j10
uniprot id: Q923Q6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aak1
gene id: 10090:Aak1
uniprot id: Q3UHJ0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via CBD domain) with clathrin (By similarity). Interacts with AP-2 complex (By similarity). Interacts with NUMB (By similarity). Interacts with alpha-adaptin (By similarity). Interacts with EPS15 isoform 2 (By similarity). Interacts with membrane-bound activated NOTCH1 but not with the inactive full-length form of NOTCH1 (PubMed:21464124). Preferentially interacts with monoubiquitinated activated NOTCH1 compared to the non-ubiquitinated form (PubMed:21464124).
messages: Presynapse
messages: Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis by phosphorylating the AP2M1/mu2 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) which ensures high affinity binding of AP-2 to cargo membrane proteins during the initial stages of endocytosis. Preferentially, may phosphorylate substrates on threonine residues. Regulates phosphorylation of other AP-2 subunits as well as AP-2 localization and AP-2-mediated internalization of ligand complexes. Phosphorylates NUMB and regulates its cellular localization, promoting NUMB localization to endosomes. Binds to and stabilizes the activated form of NOTCH1, increases its localization in endosomes and regulates its transcriptional activity.
messages: Stimulated by clathrin.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Gtf2ird1
gene id: 10090:Gtf2ird1
uniprot id: Q5XJY7
uniprot id: Q6PD35
uniprot id: Q8BP10
uniprot id: Q9JI57
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TFII-I family.
messages: Expressed in somites, neural tube and brain at 8-8.5 dpc. Expression remains constant from 9.5-12.5 dpc with highest expression levels in the limb buds, branchial arches, crainofacial area, brain and spinal cord.
messages: Interacts with the retinoblastoma protein (RB1) via its C-terminus.
messages: May be a transcription regulator involved in cell-cycle progression and skeletal muscle differentiation. May repress GTF2I transcriptional functions, by preventing its nuclear residency, or by inhibiting its transcriptional activation. May contribute to slow-twitch fiber type specificity during myogenesis and in regenerating muscles. Binds troponin I slow-muscle fiber enhancer (USE B1). Binds specifically and with high affinity to the EFG sequences derived from the early enhancer of HOXC8.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Tas1r1
gene id: 10090:Tas1r1
uniprot id: Q3U5H1
uniprot id: Q99PG6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family. TAS1R subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed strongly only in fungiform papillae.
messages: Forms heterodimers with TAS1R3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor. TAS1R1/TAS1R3 responds to the umami taste stimulus (the taste of monosodium glutamate) and also to most of the 20 standard L-amino acids, but not to their D-enantiomers or other compounds. Sequence differences within and between species can significantly influence the selectivity and specificity of taste responses.

10090:Bicdl1
gene id: 10090:Bicdl1
uniprot id: A0JNT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an adapter protein linking the dynein motor complex to various cargos and converts dynein from a non-processive to a highly processive motor in the presence of dynactin. Facilitates the interaction between dynein and dynactin and activates dynein processivity (the ability to move along a microtubule for a long distance without falling off the track). Predominantly recruits 2 dyneins, which increases both the force and speed of the microtubule motor (PubMed:29420470, PubMed:33734450, PubMed:36071160). Component of secretory vesicle machinery in developing neurons that acts as a regulator of neurite outgrowth. Regulates the secretory vesicle transport by controlling the accumulation of Rab6-containing secretory vesicles in the pericentrosomal region restricting anterograde secretory transport during the early phase of neuronal differentiation, thereby inhibiting neuritogenesis.
messages: Belongs to the BICDR family.
messages: Highly expressed during early embryonic development. Predominantly expressed in kidney, undifferentiated neural tissue and developing eye.
messages: Part of a tripartite complex with dynein and dynactin, acts an adapter linking the dynein motor complex and dynactin (PubMed:29420470, PubMed:33734450, PubMed:36071160). Interacts with KIF1C. Interacts with RAB6A and RAB6B; interaction is specific to Rab6.
messages: Predominately expressed in early developing neurons before the stage of neurite outgrowth and elongation. Then, expression strongly declines during neuronal development.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tsx
gene id: 10090:Tsx
uniprot id: P70675
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May have an RNA/DNA binding role.
messages: Testis.

10090:Septin10
gene id: 10090:Septin10
uniprot id: A0A0R4J233
uniprot id: A0A1W2P6J7
uniprot id: Q8C650
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase (By similarity). May play a role in cytokinesis (Potential).
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved in vitro in a calmodulin-dependent manner.
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments, and can associate with cellular membranes, actin filaments and microtubules. GTPase activity is required for filament formation (By similarity). Interacts with ADGB (PubMed:35700329).
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: flagellum

10090:Gabbr2
gene id: 10090:Gabbr2
uniprot id: Q80T41
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Alpha-helical parts of the C-terminal intracellular region mediate heterodimeric interaction with GABBR1.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family. GABA-B receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor for GABA, formed by GABBR1 and GABBR2 (PubMed:10075644). Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, only GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins (By similarity). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase (PubMed:10075644). Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipid hydrolysis (PubMed:10075644). Plays a critical role in the fine-tuning of inhibitory synaptic transmission (By similarity). Pre-synaptic GABA receptor inhibits neurotransmitter release by down-regulating high-voltage activated calcium channels, whereas postsynaptic GABA receptor decreases neuronal excitability by activating a prominent inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) conductance that underlies the late inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (PubMed:10075644). Not only implicated in synaptic inhibition but also in hippocampal long-term potentiation, slow wave sleep, muscle relaxation and antinociception (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer of GABBR1 and GABBR2 (PubMed:10075644). Homodimers may form, but are inactive (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with ATF4 (via leucine zipper domain) (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Csde1
gene id: 10090:Csde1
uniprot id: Q91W50
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of a multi subunit autoregulatory ribonucleoprotein complex (ARC), at least composed of IGF2BP1, PABPC1 and CSDE1. Interacts with STRAP. Part of a complex associated with the FOS mCRD domain and consisting of PABPC1, PAIP1, HNRPD and SYNCRIP. The interaction with PABPC1 is direct and RNA-independent. Interacts with EIF4ENIF1/4E-T.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: P-body
messages: RNA-binding protein involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. Required for efficient formation of stress granules.
messages: Stress granule

10090:Egfl6
gene id: 10090:Egfl6
uniprot id: Q9JJZ5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nephronectin family.
messages: Detected in early lateral dermatome and in all dermatome derivatives. Expressed at the basement membrane of embryonic skin and developing hair follicles. At 16.5 dpc, present in lung epithelium, and developing oral and tooth germ epithelia (at protein level).
messages: Expressed at basement membrane of pelage follicles (at protein level).
messages: May bind integrin alpha-8/beta-1 and play a role in hair follicle morphogenesis. Promotes matrix assembly.
messages: basement membrane

10090:Rad18
gene id: 10090:Rad18
uniprot id: E9Q392
uniprot id: Q8CDH2
uniprot id: Q8CED3
uniprot id: Q9QXK2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RAD18 family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA. Postreplication repair functions in gap-filling of a daughter strand on replication of damaged DNA. Associates to the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2B to form the UBE2B-RAD18 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in mono-ubiquitination of DNA-associated PCNA on 'Lys-164'. Has ssDNA binding activity.
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, brain, and ovary.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with UBE2A and UBE2B, one homodimer binding one molecule of UBE2B. Interacts with HLTF. Interacts with SHPRH. Interacts with SPRTN; leading to enhance chromatin association of RAD18 and RAD18-mediated PCNA ubiquitination and translesion DNA synthesis. Interacts (via C-terminus and phosphorylated form) with SLF1 (via BRCT domains); this interaction is required for efficient repair of UV-induced DNA damage. Interacts with SLF2. Interacts with SMC5; this interaction is increased in a SLF1 or SLF2-dependent manner.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome

10090:Tmem256
gene id: 10090:Tmem256
uniprot id: Q5F285
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM256 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Arl4d
gene id: 10090:Arl4d
uniprot id: Q99PE9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CYTH2; the interaction is direct and ARL4D GTP-dependent. Does not interact with ARL4D (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form, and the rate of cycling is regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAP). GTP-binding protein that does not act as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit. Recruits CYTH1, CYTH2, CYTH3 and CYTH4 to the plasma membrane in GDP-bound form (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cabin1
gene id: 10090:Cabin1
uniprot id: G3X8Q1
uniprot id: Q6PFH4
uniprot id: Q80X22
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn1r29
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r29
uniprot id: Q9EQ41
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Irgm1
gene id: 10090:Irgm1
uniprot id: J7NUP1
uniprot id: Q60766
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in lung and primary macrophages.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Immunity-related GTPase that plays important roles in innate immunity and inflammatory response (PubMed:11457893, PubMed:14576437, PubMed:14707092, PubMed:15908352, PubMed:16339555, PubMed:17911638, PubMed:17982087, PubMed:19620982, PubMed:19920210). Acts as a dynamin-like protein that binds to intracellular membranes and promotes remodeling and trafficking of those membranes (PubMed:19620982, PubMed:27098192). Required for clearance of acute protozoan and bacterial infections by interacting with autophagy and lysosome regulatory proteins, thereby promoting the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes for efficient degradation of cargo including microbes (PubMed:11457893, PubMed:14576437, PubMed:15607973, PubMed:14707092, PubMed:15908352, PubMed:16339555, PubMed:17982087, PubMed:19620982, PubMed:19920210, PubMed:24751652, PubMed:21757726, PubMed:22874556, PubMed:32453761). Regulates selective autophagy, including xenophagy and mitophagy, both directly and indirectly (PubMed:15607973, PubMed:21757726). Directly regulates autophagy by acting as a molecular adapter that promotes the coassembly of the core autophagy machinery to mediate antimicrobial defense: Irgm1 (1) activates AMPK, which in turn phosphorylates ULK1 and BECN1 to induce autophagy, (2) promotes the coassembly of ULK1 and BECN1, enhancing BECN1-interacting partners and (3) influences the composition of the BECN1 complex, by competing with the negative regulators BCL2 and RUBCN, to trigger autophagy (By similarity). Also activates autophagy by promoting recruitment of STX17 to autophagosomes (By similarity). In collaboration with ATG8 proteins, regulate lysosomal biogenesis, a fundamental process for any autophagic pathway, by promoting TFEB dephosphorylation (By similarity). Also modulates autophagy by assisting with autophagosome formation and preventing lysosomal deacidification (PubMed:21757726). Regulates autophagy by affecting mitochondrial fusion and fission (PubMed:24751652). Also involved in M1 macrop…
messages: Interacts with ULK1; promoting the coassembly of ULK1 and BECN1. Interacts with BECN1; enhancing BECN1-interacting partners and influencing the composition of the BECN1 complex. Interacts with ATG16L1. Interacts with NOD2; promoting Irgm1 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination, which is required for interactions with the core autophagy factors (By similarity). Interacts with STX17; promoting STX17 recruitment to autophagosomes (By similarity). Interacts with ATG8 proteins (GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B and MAP1LC3C); promoting STX17 recruitment to autophagosomes (By similarity). Interacts with TFEB; promoting association between TFEB and PPP3CB and TFEB dephosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with PPP3CB; promoting association between TFEB and PPP3CB and TFEB dephosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with NLRP3; preventing NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of NLRP3 (By similarity). Interacts with CGAS; promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of CGAS (By similarity). Interacts with RIGI/RIG-I; promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of RIGI/RIG-I (By similarity). Interacts with NOD1; promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of RIGI/RIG-I (By similarity). Interacts with NOD2; promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of RIGI/RIG-I (By similarity). Interacts with RIPK2; promoting SQSTM1/p62-dependent autophagic degradation of RIGI/RIG-I (By similarity). Interacts with PIK3CA (PubMed:19620982).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mice do not show obvious abnormalities, but are more susceptible to infection by S.typhimurium, T.cruzi, T.gondii, L.monocytogenes, C.rodentium and M.tuberculosis (PubMed:11457893, PubMed:14576437, PubMed:32453761). Upon infection, alterations of blood elements occur including lymphopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia (PubMed:11457893, PubMed:14576437, PubMed:18371424). Mice become anemic and neutropenic as a result of chronic infection, and their hematopoietic stem cells are defective in the ability to reconstitute the blood of a Bone marrow-depleted host (PubMed:18371424). Mice display impaired expansion of activated CD4(+) T-cell population: defects are caused by Infg-mediated cell death of CD4(+) T-cells (PubMed:18806793). Mice also show increased inflammation with autoimmune features (PubMed:28154172, PubMed:28814662, PubMed:30612879, PubMed:32715615, PubMed:33510463). Macrophages show an increased production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with marked metabolic changes, characterized by increased glycolysis and an accumulation of long chain acylcarnitines (PubMed:28154172). Mice display autoimmune disorder reminiscent of Sjogren's syndrome, characterized by up-regulation of type I interferons (PubMed:28814662). Type I interferonopathy, characterized by up-regulation of type I interferons, is caused by activation of inflammation effectors, such as CGAS and NLRP3 (PubMed:30612879, PubMed:32715615, PubMed:33510463). Mice show an increased antiviral innate immune response and are highly resistant to chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection (PubMed:34467632). Mice lacking both Irgm1 and Igtp/Irgm3 display resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection compared to Irgm1 mice that are highly susceptible to infection (PubMed:36629440). Mice lacking Irgm1, Irgm2 and Igtp/Irgm3 (panIrgm mice) show resistance against M.tuberculosis one month post-infection; then, panIrgm mice display higher bacterial burden and altered cytokine during late stage of infection, lead…
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Palmitoylated on C-terminal Cys residues (PubMed:24751652). Palmitoylation, together with the alpha-K amphipathic helix, which binds phosphatidylinositol, mediate binding to membranes (PubMed:24751652).
messages: The alpha-K amphipathic helix mediates targeting to the phagosome membrane via binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3).
messages: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination in a NOD2-dependent process. 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination is required for interactions with the core autophagy factors (By similarity). Ubiquitination at Lys-270 by the DCX(WDR77) complex, also named CLR4(WDR77) complex, in intestinal cells, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:35197566).
messages: Up-regulated by LPS and IFNG (at protein level) (PubMed:7561525, PubMed:11457893, PubMed:14576437, PubMed:15294976, PubMed:17911638). Up-regulated upon infection by various pathogens including T.cruzi, T.gondii, L.monocytogenes, M.tuberculosis and murine cytomegalovirus (PubMed:14707092, PubMed:16339555).
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: phagocytic cup
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Neurod6
gene id: 10090:Neurod6
uniprot id: P48986
uniprot id: Q3UN97
uniprot id: Q5M8T7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activates E box-dependent transcription in collaboration with TCF3/E47. May be a trans-acting factor involved in the development and maintenance of the mammalian nervous system. Transactivates the promoter of its own gene.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specific to the nervous system of both embryos and adults. Highest levels in the cortical plate of the cerebrum.

10090:Nfe2l1
gene id: 10090:Nfe2l1
uniprot id: Q3U5L0
uniprot id: Q3UFI8
uniprot id: Q3V3M1
uniprot id: Q61985
uniprot id: Q6GTN8
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. CNC subfamily.
messages: CNC-type bZIP family transcription factor that translocates to the nucleus and regulates expression of target genes in response to various stresses (PubMed:10601325, PubMed:11342101, PubMed:23144760, PubMed:16872277, PubMed:21911472, PubMed:23816881, PubMed:29149604). Heterodimerizes with small-Maf proteins (MAFF, MAFG or MAFK) and binds DNA motifs including the antioxidant response elements (AREs), which regulate expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response (PubMed:12808106, PubMed:15738389, PubMed:23144760, PubMed:16872277, PubMed:21911472, PubMed:23816881). Activates or represses expression of target genes, depending on the context (PubMed:12808106, PubMed:15738389, PubMed:23144760, PubMed:16872277, PubMed:21911472, PubMed:23816881). Plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis by acting as a sensor of cholesterol excess: in low cholesterol conditions, translocates into the nucleus and represses expression of genes involved in defense against cholesterol excess, such as CD36 (PubMed:29149604). In excess cholesterol conditions, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane form of the protein directly binds cholesterol via its CRAC motif, preventing cleavage and release of the transcription factor NRF1, thereby allowing expression of genes promoting cholesterol removal (PubMed:29149604). Critical for redox balance in response to oxidative stress: acts by binding the AREs motifs on promoters and mediating activation of oxidative stress response genes, such as GCLC, GCLM, GSS, MT1 and MT2 (PubMed:10601325, PubMed:11342101, PubMed:12968018, PubMed:15738389, PubMed:18826952). Plays an essential role during fetal liver hematopoiesis: probably has a protective function against oxidative stress and is involved in lipid homeostasis in the liver (PubMed:9501099, PubMed:12808106, PubMed:15738389, PubMed:18826952, PubMed:22586274). Involved in proteasome homeostasis: in response to proteasome inhibition, mediates the 'bounce-back' of proteasome subunits by translocating int…
messages: Cleaved at Leu-104 by the aspartyl protease DDI2 following retrotranslocation, releasing the protein from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and forming the transcription factor NRF1 that translocates into the nucleus. Ubiquitination is prerequisite for cleavage by aspartyl protease DDI2.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality: embryos progress normally to the late egg cylinder stage at approximately 6.5 days post coitus (dpc), but development is arrested before 7.5 dpc (PubMed:9087432, PubMed:9501099). Mutant embryos fail to form a primitive streak and lack detectable mesoderm (PubMed:9087432). Homozygous embryos suffer from anemia as a result of abnormal fetal liver erythropoiesis (PubMed:9501099). No defect in globin gene expression are detected; abnormal red cell production being the result of a defect in the fetal liver microenvironment specific for erythroid cells (PubMed:9501099). Mice lacking both Nfe2l1 and Nfe2l2 die early between embryonic days 9 and 10 and exhibit extensive apoptosis due to marked oxidative stress in cells that is indicated by elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and cell death (PubMed:12968018). Conditional knockout mice lacking Nfe2l1 in the liver do not show any liver damage when they are maintained in an unstressed condition (PubMed:15738389). In oxidative stress condition, they develop hepatic cancer following steatosis, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis (PubMed:15738389). Hepatocyte-specific deletion causes liver damage resembling the human disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (PubMed:18826952). Liver of conditional knockout mice lacking Nfe2l1 show massive hepatic cholesterol accumulation and damage due to inability to mediate response to cholesterol excess (PubMed:29149604). Conditional knockout mice lacking Nfe2l1 in the brain show proteasome impairment and progressive degeneration in cortical neurons (PubMed:21554501, PubMed:21536885).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane sensor that translocates into the nucleus in response to various stresses to act as a transcription factor (PubMed:20385086, PubMed:21536885, PubMed:23816881, PubMed:29149604). Constitutes a precursor of the transcription factor NRF1. Able to detect various cellular stresses, such as cholesterol excess, oxidative stress or proteasome inhibition (PubMed:20385086, PubMed:21536885, PubMed:23816881, PubMed:29149604). In response to stress, it is released from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane following cleavage by the protease DDI2 and translocates into the nucleus to form the transcription factor NRF1 (PubMed:29149604). Acts as a key sensor of cholesterol excess: in excess cholesterol conditions, the endoplasmic reticulum membrane form of the protein directly binds cholesterol via its CRAC motif, preventing cleavage and release of the transcription factor NRF1, thereby allowing expression of genes promoting cholesterol removal, such as CD36 (PubMed:29149604). Involved in proteasome homeostasis: in response to proteasome inhibition, it is released from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, translocates to the nucleus and activates expression of genes encoding proteasome subunits (PubMed:20385086, PubMed:21536885, PubMed:23816881).
messages: Interacts (via CPD region) with FBXW7; leading to its ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:21953459). Interacts with SYVN1/HRD1; leading to its ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:21911472). Interacts (when ubiquitinated) with DDI2; leading to its cleavage (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via the bZIP domain) with small MAF protein (MAFF, MAFG or MAFK); required for binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) on DNA (PubMed:11342101, PubMed:18990090, PubMed:23144760). Interacts (via Destruction motif) with BTRC; leading to its ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:21911472). Interacts with CEBPB; the heterodimer represses expression of DSPP during odontoblast differentiation (By similarity). Interacts with MOTS-c, a peptide produced by the mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA MT-RNR1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with KEAP1.
messages: Isoform 1: Widely expressed including kidney, brown fat, white fat, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, lung, brain and liver (PubMed:23144760). Isoform 1: Expressed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) (PubMed:23144760). Isoform 2: Widely expressed including kidney, brown fat, white fat, large intestine, small intestine, stomach, lung, brain and liver (PubMed:23144760). Isoform 2: levels in white fat, lung and liver are increased compared to isoform 1 (at protein level) (PubMed:23144760). Isoform 2: levels are elevated in brown fat and brain, but are reduced in liver compared to isoform 1 levels (PubMed:23144760). Isoform 2: Expressed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) (PubMed:23144760).
messages: Its topology is subject to discussion. According to some groups, it has a single-pass type II membrane protein in normal conditions and is retrotranslocated into a single-pass type III membrane protein in response to stress. According to other reports, it is integrated into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane via multiple membrane-spanning alpha-helices (PubMed:20629635, PubMed:26268886).
messages: N-glycosylated in normal conditions, when it has a single-pass type II membrane protein topology, with the DNA-binding domain facing the endoplasmic reticulum lumen (PubMed:17705787, PubMed:18990090). Deglycosylated during retrotranslocation to the cytosolic side of the membrane, to have a single-pass type III membrane protein topology with the major part of the protein facing the cytosol (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CK2 at Ser-497 inhibits transcription factor activity, possibly by affecting DNA-binding activity (PubMed:9580677, PubMed:23816881). Phosphorylation at Ser-568 is required for interaction with CEBPB (By similarity).
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 1.
messages: The cholesterol recognition/amino acid consensus (CRAC) region directly binds cholesterol, as well as campesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol (PubMed:29149604). Has much lower affinity for epicholesterol (PubMed:29149604).
messages: Transcription factor that binds the antioxidant response elements (ARE) consensus sequence on promoters and activates their expression.
messages: Transcription factor that binds the extended kappa 3 site of the TNF-alpha promoter after Fc gamma RIII stimulation and participates in the induction of this cytokine (PubMed:9580677).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(BTRC) complex in the nucleus, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXW7) complex and SYVN1/HRD1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:21953459, PubMed:21911472). Ubiquitinated during retrotranslocation to the cytosolic side of the membrane: ubiquitination does not lead to degradation and is required for processing by the aspartyl protease DDI2 and subsequent release from the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (By similarity).
messages: Was initially thought to be either inactive as transcription factor or to repress transcriptional activation mediated by other isoforms (PubMed:9580677). The presence of the transmembrane region at the N-terminus may explain the inability to observe transcription factor activity.

10090:Tfap2c
gene id: 10090:Tfap2c
uniprot id: A0A023UF19
uniprot id: Q3ULB3
uniprot id: Q61312
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AP-2 family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members. Interacts with WWOX. Interacts with UBE2I (By similarity). Interacts with CITED4. Interacts with KCTD1; this interaction represses transcription activation. Interacts with CITED2 (via C-terminus); the interaction stimulates TFAP2B-transcriptional activity. Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity).
messages: During retinoic acid-mediated differentiation.
messages: Expressed in lung, ovary and testis. Expressed in most squamous epithelia. Also, detected in several exocrine glands including the prostate, the preputial and salivary glands, serous glands of the tongue and ocular harderian glands.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC.
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-10; which inhibits transcriptional activity.
messages: The PPxY motif mediates interaction with WWOX.

10090:Suclg2
gene id: 10090:Suclg2
uniprot id: Q9Z2I8
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family. GTP-specific subunit beta subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of GTP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The beta subunit determines specificity for GTP.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Hs3st3b1
gene id: 10090:Hs3st3b1
uniprot id: Q9QZS6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) to catalyze the transfer of a sulfo group to an N-unsubstituted glucosamine linked to a 2-O-sulfo iduronic acid unit on heparan sulfate. Catalyzes the O-sulfation of glucosamine in IdoUA2S-GlcNS and also in IdoUA2S-GlcNH2. Unlike HS3ST1/3-OST-1, does not convert non-anticoagulant heparan sulfate to anticoagulant heparan sulfate (By similarity).

10090:Or5w1
gene id: 10090:Or5w1
uniprot id: Q7TR43
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Brap
gene id: 10090:Brap
uniprot id: Q99MP8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the nuclear localization signal of BRCA1 and with the N-terminal of KSR1. The C-terminal portion of BRCA1 interacts with DDB1.
messages: Isoform 2 is highly expressed in testis, lower levels in brain, heart, lung, stomach, colon, uterus, liver and kidney. Isoform 1 is only expressed in the testis. Isoform 2 is predominant over isoform 1 in both fetal and adult testis.
messages: Negatively regulates MAP kinase activation by limiting the formation of Raf/MEK complexes probably by inactivation of the KSR1 scaffold protein. Also acts as a Ras responsive E3 ubiquitin ligase that, on activation of Ras, is modified by auto-polyubiquitination resulting in the release of inhibition of Raf/MEK complex formation. May also act as a cytoplasmic retention protein with a role in regulating nuclear transport (By similarity).

10090:Ppcdc
gene id: 10090:Ppcdc
uniprot id: Q8BZB2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HFCD (homooligomeric flavin containing Cys decarboxylase) superfamily.
messages: Binds 1 FMN per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of the cysteine moiety of 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to form 4'-phosphopantotheine and this reaction forms part of the biosynthesis of coenzyme A.
messages: Homotrimer.

10090:Scgb2b2
gene id: 10090:Scgb2b2
uniprot id: G5E8B4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the secretoglobin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Aqp12
gene id: 10090:Aqp12
uniprot id: Q3V2I1
uniprot id: Q8CHJ2
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aquaporins contain two tandem repeats each containing three membrane-spanning domains and a pore-forming loop with the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA).
messages: Aquaporins facilitate the transport of water and small neutral solutes across cell membranes.
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family. AQP11/AQP12 subfamily.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Restricted to pancreatic acinar cells.

10090:Col27a1
gene id: 10090:Col27a1
uniprot id: Q5QNQ9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.
messages: Expressed in 14.5 dpc in several cartilaginous structures including anlagen of several bones and the developing lungs as well as in the eye, ear and colon. First detectable at 12.5 dpc. At 14.5 dpc localizes to cartilage, developing dermis, cornea, the inner limiting membrane of the retina, and major arteries of the heart. At 18.5 dpc appears restricted mainly to cartilage where expression continued into adulthood.
messages: Highly expressed in cartilage, eye and ear.
messages: Plays a role during the calcification of cartilage and the transition of cartilage to bone.
messages: The C-terminal propeptide, also known as COLFI domain, have crucial roles in tissue growth and repair by controlling both the intracellular assembly of procollagen molecules and the extracellular assembly of collagen fibrils. It binds a calcium ion which is essential for its function (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Aard
gene id: 10090:Aard
uniprot id: Q811W1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed early in testis differentiation specifically in Sertoli cells of the developing testis cords.
messages: Preferentially expressed in testis both in embryo and adult. Expressed at much lower level in other tissues.

10090:Slc25a18
gene id: 10090:Slc25a18
uniprot id: Q9DB41
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Responsible for the transport of glutamate from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix with the concomitant import of a proton (symport system).

10090:Crybg3
gene id: 10090:Crybg3
uniprot id: A0A384DV78
uniprot id: Q80W49
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.

10090:Ptpn22
gene id: 10090:Ptpn22
uniprot id: P29352
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as negative regulator of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling by direct dephosphorylation of the Src family kinases LCK and FYN, ITAMs of the TCRz/CD3 complex, as well as ZAP70, VAV, VCP and other key signaling molecules (By similarity). Associates with and probably dephosphorylates CBL (By similarity). Dephosphorylates LCK at its activating 'Tyr-394' residue (By similarity). Dephosphorylates ZAP70 at its activating 'Tyr-492' residue (By similarity). Dephosphorylates the immune system activator SKAP2 (By similarity). Positively regulates toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced type 1 interferon production (PubMed:23871208). Promotes host antiviral responses mediated by type 1 interferon (PubMed:23871208). Regulates NOD2-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and autophagy (PubMed:23991106). Acts as an activator of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by mediating dephosphorylation of 'Tyr-861' of NLRP3 (PubMed:27043286). Dephosphorylates phospho-anandamide (p-AEA), an endocannabinoid to anandamide (also called N-arachidonoylethanolamide) (PubMed:16938887).
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 4 subfamily.
messages: Brain (at protein level) (PubMed:16938887). Spleen, thymus, lymph node and bone marrow (PubMed:1373816).
messages: By lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CBL (By similarity). Interacts with CSK (PubMed:8890164, PubMed:11685249). Interacts with LPXN (PubMed:15786712). Interacts with TRAF3 (via MATH domain); the interaction promotes TRAF3 polyubiquitination (PubMed:23871208).
messages: Knockout reduces the conversion of phosphoanandamide (p-AEA) to AEA in the brain.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-35 by PKC/PRKCD abrogates its ability to dephosphorylate and inactivate the SRC family kinases.

10090:Defa23
gene id: 10090:Defa23
uniprot id: Q5G866
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: May have microbicidal activities.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cela1
gene id: 10090:Cela1
uniprot id: Q91X79
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Elastase subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine proteases that hydrolyze many proteins in addition to elastin.

10090:Or11g7
gene id: 10090:Or11g7
uniprot id: E9PV79
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or6c206
gene id: 10090:Or6c206
uniprot id: Q7TRI3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rhov
gene id: 10090:Rhov
uniprot id: Q8VDU1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with PAK2.
messages: Plays a role in the control of the actin cytoskeleton via activation of the JNK pathway.

10090:Plk3
gene id: 10090:Plk3
uniprot id: Q6P571
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.

10090:Ppp1r9b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r9b
uniprot id: Q6R891
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possibly exists as a homodimer, homotrimer or a homotetramer. Interacts with F-actin, PPP1CA, neurabin-1, TGN38 and D(2) dopamine receptor. Interacts with RGS1, RGS2, RGS4, RGS19 and ADRA1B, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, ADRA2C, CDKN2A, PPP1R2, RASGFR1 and TIAM1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SPATA13 (via C-terminal tail) (By similarity). Interacts with DCLK2. Interacts with ADRA2B (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Seems to act as a scaffold protein in multiple signaling pathways. Modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and dendritic spine morphology. Binds to actin filaments (F-actin) and shows cross-linking activity. Binds along the sides of the F-actin. May play an important role in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane at the synaptic junction. Believed to target protein phosphatase 1/PP1 to dendritic spines, which are rich in F-actin, and regulates its specificity toward ion channels and other substrates, such as AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Plays a role in regulation of G-protein coupled receptor signaling, including dopamine D2 receptors and alpha-adrenergic receptors. May establish a signaling complex for dopaminergic neurotransmission through D2 receptors by linking receptors downstream signaling molecules and the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to ADRA1B and RGS2 and mediates regulation of ADRA1B signaling. May confer to Rac signaling specificity by binding to both, RacGEFs and Rac effector proteins. Probably regulates p70 S6 kinase activity by forming a complex with TIAM1. Required for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration (By similarity).
messages: Stimulation of D1 (but not D2) dopamine receptors induces Ser-94 phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation of Ser-94 is mediated mainly by PP1 and to a lesser extent by PP2A. Phosphorylation of spinophilin disrupts its association with F-actin, but does not affect its binding to PP1 (By similarity).
messages: The PP1 binding region is natively unstructured, upon PP1 binding, it acquires structure, blocks a substrate-binding site, and restricts PP1 phosphatase specificity to a subset of substrates.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendritic spine
messages: filopodium
messages: lamellipodium
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Dohh
gene id: 10090:Dohh
uniprot id: Q99LN9
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the deoxyhypusine hydroxylase family.
messages: Binds 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the hydroxylation of the N(6)-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine intermediate produced by deoxyhypusine synthase/DHPS on a critical lysine of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A/eIF-5A. This is the second step of the post-translational modification of that lysine into an unusual amino acid residue named hypusine. Hypusination is unique to mature eIF-5A factor and is essential for its function.
messages: Embryonic lethal between E3.5 and E9.5.

10090:ND4L
gene id: 10090:ND4L
uniprot id: P03903
uniprot id: Q9MD77
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the complex I subunit 4L family.
messages: Core subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:H3c15
gene id: 10090:H3c15
uniprot id: B9EI85
uniprot id: P84228
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Acot7
gene id: 10090:Acot7
uniprot id: Q91V12
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Both HotDog ACOT-type hydrolase domains are required for efficient activity.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels (Probable). Preferentially hydrolyzes palmitoyl-CoA, but has a broad specificity acting on other fatty acyl-CoAs with chain-lengths of C8-C18 (Probable). May play an important physiological function in brain (Probable).
messages: Detected in the brain as early as embryonic day (E) 11.5. The level was low until 12.5 dpc, but promptly elevated to a peak 7 days after birth. Thereafter, it declined somewhat and reached a steady-state level in adulthood. These changes in BACH expression were approximately reflected in the palmitoyl-CoA hydrolyzing activity in the developing mouse brain, and the time course was quite similar to that of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) expression. Induced during embryogenesis in association with neuronal differentiation, and persists after terminal differentiation into neurons in postnatal stages, resulting in the constitutive high expression of BACH in the adult brain in a neuron-specific manner.
messages: Homohexamer.
messages: Major isoform.
messages: Up-Regulated in activated macrophages.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in brain. High levels also found in thymus, large intestine and testis. Negligible in muscle and adipose tissue. In the central and peripheral nervous systems, displays a predominantly neuronal localization with highest expression in cell bodies and neurites.
messages: cytosol

10090:Mms19
gene id: 10090:Mms19
uniprot id: Q9D071
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MET18/MMS19 family.
messages: Component of the CIA complex. In the CIA complex, interacts directly with CIAO2B and CIAO3. Component of the MMXD complex, composed of CIAO1, ERCC2, CIAO2B, MMS19 and SLC25A5. Interacts with CIAO2B; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ERCC2/XPD; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ERCC3/XPB and NCOA3/RAC3. Interacts with RTEL1; the interaction mediates the association of RTEL1 with the CIA complex. Interacts with BRIP1. Interacts with KIF4A; the interaction facilitates the transfer of Fe-S clusters to KIF4A to ensure proper localization of KIF4A to the mitotic machinery components. Interacts with CCDC117; the interaction is indirect (By similarity).
messages: Embryonically lethality before the implantation stage.
messages: Key component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into apoproteins specifically involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity. In the CIA complex, MMS19 acts as an adapter between early-acting CIA components and a subset of cellular target Fe/S proteins such as ERCC2/XPD, FANCJ and RTEL1, thereby playing a key role in nucleotide excision repair (NER), homologous recombination-mediated double-strand break DNA repair, DNA replication and RNA polymerase II (POL II) transcription. As a CIA complex component and in collaboration with CIAO1 and CIAO2, binds to and facilitates the assembly of most cytosolic-nuclear Fe/S proteins. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex, plays a role in chromosome segregation, probably by facilitating iron-sulfur cluster assembly into ERCC2/XPD. Together with CIAO2, facilitates the transfer of Fe-S clusters to the motor protein KIF4A, which ensures proper localization of KIF4A to mitotic machinery components to promote the progression of mitosis. Indirectly acts as a transcriptional coactivator of estrogen receptor (ER), via its role in iron-sulfur insertion into some component of the TFIIH-machinery.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with higher expression in testis.
messages: spindle

10090:Hoxa3
gene id: 10090:Hoxa3
uniprot id: P02831
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in a spatially restricted manner in embryos 8.5 dpc, expression is limited to the CNS with an anterior boundary in the hindbrain and extending posteriorly through caudal regions of the spinal cord. The same spatial expression is seen in embryos 9.5 to 12.5 dpc.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds 5' to its own homeobox.

10090:Nip7
gene id: 10090:Nip7
uniprot id: Q9CXK8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NIP7 family.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with pre-ribosome complex. May bind to RNA. Interacts with NOL8. Interacts with FTSJ3 (By similarity).
messages: Required for proper 34S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cdk5
gene id: 10090:Cdk5
uniprot id: P49615
uniprot id: Q543F6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer composed of a catalytic subunit CDK5 and a regulatory subunit CDK5R1 (p25) and macromolecular complex composed of at least CDK5, CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5RAP1 or CDK5RAP2 or CDK5RAP3. Only the heterodimer shows kinase activity. Under neurotoxic stress and neuronal injury conditions, p35 is cleaved by calpain to generate p25 that hyperactivates CDK5, that becomes functionally disabled and often toxic. Found in a trimolecular complex with CABLES1 and ABL1. Interacts with CABLES1 and CABLES2. Interacts with AATK and GSTP1. Binds to HDAC1 when in complex with p25. Interaction with myristoylation p35 promotes CDK5 association with membranes. Both isoforms 1 and 2 interacts with beta-catenin/CTNNB1. Interacts with delta-catenin/CTNND2 and APEX1. Interacts with P53/TP53 in neurons (By similarity). Interacts with EPHA4; may mediate the activation of NGEF by EPHA4M. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1. The complex p35/CDK5 interacts with CLOCK (By similarity). Interacts with HTR6 (PubMed:25078650).
messages: Inhibited by 2-(1-ethyl-2-hydroxyethylamino)-6-benzylamino-9-isopropylpurine (roscovitine), 1-isopropyl-4-aminobenzyl-6-ether-linked benzimidazoles, resveratrol, AT-7519 and olomoucine. Activated by CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5R2 (p39) during the development of the nervous system; degradation of CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5R2 (p39) by proteasome result in down regulation of kinase activity, during this process, CDK5 phosphorylates p35 and induces its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Kinase activity is mainly determined by the amount of p35 available and subcellular location; reversible association to plasma membrane inhibits activity. Long-term inactivation as well as CDK5R1 (p25)-mediated hyperactivation of CDK5 triggers cell death. The pro-death activity of hyperactivated CDK5 is suppressed by membrane association of CDK5, via myristoylation of p35. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor (NGF), retinoic acid, laminin and neuregulin promote activity. Neurotoxicity enhances nuclear activity, thus leading to MEF2 phosphorylation and inhibition prior to apoptosis of cortical neurons. Repression by GSTP1 via p25/p35 translocation prevents neurodegeneration (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Perinatal mortality associated with severe disruption of the cytoarchitecture of the brain cortex as a result of defects in neuronal migration and cohesiveness, and degenerative changes in large neurons of the brain stem, such as motor neurons in the lower cranial nerve nuclei and spinal cord. Disruption of lamination in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. Hypomyelination caused by impaired differentiation of oligodendrocytes.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-159 is essential for maximal catalytic activity.
messages: Phosphorylation on Tyr-15 by ABL1 and FYN, and on Ser-159 by casein kinase 1 promotes kinase activity. By contrast, phosphorylation at Thr-14 inhibits activity (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Proline-directed serine/threonine-protein kinase essential for neuronal cell cycle arrest and differentiation and may be involved in apoptotic cell death in neuronal diseases by triggering abortive cell cycle re-entry. Interacts with D1 and D3-type G1 cyclins. Phosphorylates SRC, NOS3, VIM/vimentin, p35/CDK5R1, MEF2A, SIPA1L1, SH3GLB1, PXN, PAK1, MCAM/MUC18, SEPT5, SYN1, DNM1, AMPH, SYNJ1, CDK16, RAC1, RHOA, CDC42, TONEBP/NFAT5, MAPT/TAU, MAP1B, histone H1, p53/TP53, HDAC1, APEX1, PTK2/FAK1, huntingtin/HTT, ATM, MAP2, NEFH and NEFM. Regulates several neuronal development and physiological processes including neuronal survival, migration and differentiation, axonal and neurite growth, synaptogenesis, oligodendrocyte differentiation, synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission, by phosphorylating key proteins. Negatively regulates the CACNA1B/CAV2.2 -mediated Ca(2+) release probability at hippocampal neuronal soma and synaptic terminals (By similarity). Activated by interaction with CDK5R1 (p35) and CDK5R2 (p39), especially in postmitotic neurons, and promotes CDK5R1 (p35) expression in an autostimulation loop. Phosphorylates many downstream substrates such as Rho and Ras family small GTPases (e.g. PAK1, RAC1, RHOA, CDC42) or microtubule-binding proteins (e.g. MAPT/TAU, MAP2, MAP1B), and modulates actin dynamics to regulate neurite growth and/or spine morphogenesis. Phosphorylates also exocytosis associated proteins such as MCAM/MUC18, SEPT5, SYN1, and CDK16/PCTAIRE1 as well as endocytosis associated proteins such as DNM1, AMPH and SYNJ1 at synaptic terminals. In the mature central nervous system (CNS), regulates neurotransmitter movements by phosphorylating substrates associated with neurotransmitter release and synapse plasticity; synaptic vesicle exocytosis, vesicles fusion with the presynaptic membrane, and endocytosis. Promotes cell survival by activating anti-apoptotic proteins BCL2 and STAT3, and negatively regulating of JNK3/MAPK10 activity. Phosphorylation of p…
messages: Specifically expressed in postmitotic neurons and postsynaptic muscle.
messages: Synapse
messages: growth cone
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Cd300lf
gene id: 10090:Cd300lf
uniprot id: Q6SJQ7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Acts as a functional murine norovirus (MNV) receptor that mediates binding to the cell surface and is both necessary and sufficient for viral entry and replication. Primary determinant of MNV species tropism and is sufficient to render cells permissive to infection by MNV. Can render nonmurine mammalian cells susceptible to MNV infection (PubMed:27681626, PubMed:27540007).
messages: Acts as an inhibitory receptor for myeloid cells and mast cells (PubMed:17438331). Positively regulates the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) via phosphatidylserine (PS) recognition; recognizes and binds PS as a ligand which is expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells (PubMed:21865548). Plays an important role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, by promoting macrophage-mediated efferocytosis and by inhibiting dendritic cell-mediated efferocytosis (PubMed:26768664). Negatively regulates Fc epsilon receptor-dependent mast cell activation and allergic responses via binding to ceramide which acts as a ligand (PubMed:23123064). May act as a coreceptor for interleukin 4 (IL-4). Associates with and regulates IL-4 receptor alpha-mediated responses by augmenting IL-4- and IL-13-induced signaling (PubMed:26124135). Negatively regulates the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling mediated by MYD88 and TRIF through activation of PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPN11/SHP-2 (By similarity). Inhibits osteoclast formation (PubMed:14662855). Induces macrophage cell death upon engagement (PubMed:18097021).
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in myeloid cells. Present on the surface of macrophages (at protein level). Highly expressed by alveolar, splenic macrophages and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Expression is increased following aeroallergen challenge in macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils.
messages: Interacts with PTPN6/SHP-1 in a tyrosine phosphorylation dependent manner (PubMed:14662855). Interacts with IL4R (PubMed:26124135).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine.
messages: Up-regulated by interleukin-4/IL-4.

10090:Mettl4
gene id: 10090:Mettl4
uniprot id: Q3U034
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MT-A70-like family.
messages: Embryonic sublethality and craniofacial dysmorphism (PubMed:30982744). Surviving mice display anatomical defects, including anophthalmia and craniofacial dysmorphism (PubMed:30982744). Adult mice are moribund and exhibited splenomegaly with anemia and severe leukopenia, indicative of aberrant hematopoiesis (PubMed:30982744).
messages: N(6)-adenine-specific methyltransferase that can methylate both RNAs and DNA (PubMed:30982744). Acts as a N(6)-adenine-specific RNA methyltransferase by catalyzing formation of N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6A(m)) on internal positions of U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA): methylates the 6th position of adenine residues with a pre-deposited 2'-O-methylation (By similarity). Internal m6A(m) methylation of snRNAs regulates RNA splicing (By similarity). Also able to act as a N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase by mediating methylation of DNA on the 6th position of adenine (N(6)-methyladenosine) (PubMed:30982744). The existence of N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) on DNA is however unclear in mammals, and additional evidences are required to confirm the role of the N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase activity of METTL4 in vivo (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of mitochondrial transcript levels and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number by mediating mtDNA N(6)-methylation: m6A on mtDNA reduces transcription by repressing TFAM DNA-binding and bending (By similarity). N(6)-methyladenosine deposition by METTL4 regulates Polycomb silencing by triggering ubiquitination and degradation of sensor proteins ASXL1 and MPND, leading to inactivation of the PR-DUB complex and subsequent preservation of Polycomb silencing (PubMed:30982744).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The existence of N(6)-methyladenosine on DNA is unclear in mammals (By similarity). According to a report, the majority of N(6)-methyladenosine in DNA originates from RNA catabolism via a nucleotide salvage pathway and is misincorporated by DNA polymerases, arguing against a role as epigenetic DNA mark in mammalian cells (By similarity). Additional evidences are therefore required to confirm the role of METTL4 as a N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase in vivo (By similarity).

10090:Tafa1
gene id: 10090:Tafa1
uniprot id: Q7TPG8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TAFA family.
messages: Detected as early as 12.5 dpc, expression peaks between postnatal day 1 and day 7 and decreases at week 8 after birth (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the hippocampus and detected also in the cortex (at protein level).
messages: Expression decreases upon brain injury.
messages: Regulatory factor which is ligand for CMKLR2 and is involved in the modulation of neural stem-cell proliferation and differentiation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Slc2a3
gene id: 10090:Slc2a3
uniprot id: P32037
uniprot id: Q3TPL8
uniprot id: Q8BLF7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Deoxyglucose transport is inhibit by D-glucose, D-galactose and maltose. Galactose transport is inhibited by D-glucose and maltose.
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level). Highly expressed in brain.
messages: Facilitative glucose transporter (PubMed:35810171). Can also mediate the uptake of various other monosaccharides across the cell membrane (By similarity). Mediates the uptake of glucose, 2-deoxyglucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and fucose, and probably also dehydroascorbate (By similarity). Does not mediate fructose transport (By similarity). Required for mesendoderm differentiation (PubMed:35810171).
messages: Facilitative glucose transporter that can also mediate the uptake of various other monosaccharides across the cell membrane. Mediates the uptake of glucose, 2-deoxyglucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and fucose, and probably also dehydroascorbate. Does not mediate fructose transport.
messages: Interacts with SMIM43; the interaction may promote SLC2A3-mediated glucose transport to meet the energy needs of mesendoderm differentiation.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Transport is mediated via a series of conformation changes, switching between a conformation where the substrate-binding cavity is accessible from the outside, and a another conformation where it is accessible from the cytoplasm.

10090:Dclre1b
gene id: 10090:Dclre1b
uniprot id: Q8C7W7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 5'-3' exonuclease that plays a central role in telomere maintenance and protection during S-phase. Participates in the protection of telomeres against non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair, thereby ensuring that telomeres do not fuse. Plays a key role in telomeric loop (T loop) formation by being recruited by TERF2 at the leading end telomeres and by processing leading-end telomeres immediately after their replication via its exonuclease activity: generates 3' single-stranded overhang at the leading end telomeres avoiding blunt leading-end telomeres that are vulnerable to end-joining reactions and expose the telomere end in a manner that activates the DNA repair pathways. Together with TERF2, required to protect telomeres from replicative damage during replication by controlling the amount of DNA topoisomerase (TOP1, TOP2A and TOP2B) needed for telomere replication during fork passage and prevent aberrant telomere topology. Also involved in response to DNA damage: plays a role in response to DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) by facilitating double-strand break formation. In case of spindle stress, involved in prophase checkpoint. Possesses beta-lactamase activity, catalyzing the hydrolysis of penicillin G and nitrocefin (By similarity). Exhibits no activity towards other beta-lactam antibiotic classes including cephalosporins (cefotaxime) and carbapenems (imipenem) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the DNA repair metallo-beta-lactamase (DRMBL) family.
messages: Embryos are smaller than wild-type embryos and neonates die during the first day after birth. Cells activate the ATM kinase at their telomeres in S phase and show leading-end telomere fusions which are accompanied by a reduction in the telomeric overhang signal.
messages: Interacts with MUS81, MRE11 and FANCD2. Interacts with HSPA2, HSPA8 and HSPA14. Interacts with SPAG5 (By similarity). Interacts with TERF2; the interaction is direct.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The TBM domain mediates interaction with TERF2.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation. Interaction with TERF2 protects it from ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: telomere

10090:Ctag2l2
gene id: 10090:Ctag2l2
uniprot id: A2BG94
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CTAG/PCC1 family.

10090:Pip4p1
gene id: 10090:Pip4p1
uniprot id: E0CZ18
uniprot id: E0CZF6
uniprot id: F8WHW3
uniprot id: Q3TWL2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P) (By similarity). Does not hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, inositol 3,5-bisphosphate, inositol 3,4-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 5-monophosphate, phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (By similarity). Regulates lysosomal positioning by recruiting JIP4 to lysosomal membranes, thus inducing retrograde transport of lysosomes along microtubules (By similarity). Contributes to assembly of the V-ATPase complex in lipid rafts of the lysosomal membrane and to subsequent amino acid-dependent activation of mTORC1 (PubMed:29644770). May play a role in the regulation of cellular cholesterol metabolism (By similarity).
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns-4,5-P2) to phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns-4-P).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with ATP6V0D1 (PubMed:29644770). Interacts with LAMTOR1, RRAGA and RRAGC (PubMed:29644770).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Or52e18
gene id: 10090:Or52e18
uniprot id: Q7TRP3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nlrx1
gene id: 10090:Nlrx1
uniprot id: Q3TL44
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: Expressed in macrophages (at protein level).
messages: Females infected with L.guyanensis containing dsRNA LRV1 virus, have an increase in footpad swelling and, in thickness and in immune cell infiltration in the dermis (PubMed:35651602). They develop larger lesions (PubMed:35651602). Ifnb and Il6, but not Tnfa, mRNA levels are also increased (PubMed:35651602). Parasite burden is similar to infected wild type female (PubMed:35651602). In contrast, males infected with L.guyanensis containing dsRNA LRV1 virus have similar lesions compared to infected wild type male (PubMed:35651602). However, Ifnb mRNA levels in the lesions and parasite burden are reduced (PubMed:35651602).
messages: Homohexamer (By similarity). Interacts with MAVS (By similarity). Interacts with TUFM (By similarity).
messages: In macrophages, transiently down-regulated in response to TLR3 ligands and to L.guyanensis containing dsRNA LRV1 virus infection; however, protein levels are not affected.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Participates in antiviral signaling (PubMed:35651602). Acts as a negative regulator of MAVS-mediated antiviral responses, through the inhibition of the virus-induced RLH (RIG-like helicase)-MAVS interaction (By similarity). Instead, promotes autophagy by interacting with TUFM and subsequently recruiting the autophagy-related proteins ATG5 and ATG12 (By similarity). Regulates also MAVS-dependent NLRP3 inflammasome activation to attenuate apoptosis (By similarity). Has no inhibitory function on NF-kappa-B signaling pathway, but enhances NF-kappa-B and JUN N-terminal kinase dependent signaling through the production of reactive oxygen species (By similarity). Regulates viral mediated-inflammation and energy metabolism in a sex-dependent manner (PubMed:35651602). In females, prevents uncontrolled inflammation and energy metabolism and thus, may contribute to the sex differences observed in infectious and inflammatory diseases (PubMed:35651602).
messages: The LRRCT domain mediates homodimerization and LRRNT mediates trimerization of the dimers.

10090:Slc6a11
gene id: 10090:Slc6a11
uniprot id: P31650
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A11 subfamily.
messages: Brain.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: GABA transport is inhibited by beta-alanine, taurine, hypotaurine, beta-guanidinopropionic acid and 2,3-diaminopropionic acid (PubMed:8420981). Beta-alanine transport is inhibited by GABA (PubMed:8420981).
messages: Mediates sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (PubMed:8420981, PubMed:30270321). Can also mediate transport of beta-alanine and to a lower extent that of taurine and hypotaurine (PubMed:8420981, PubMed:30270321).

10090:Fcamr
gene id: 10090:Fcamr
uniprot id: Q2TB54
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in several tissues including thymus, spleen, liver, kidney, small and large intestine, testis and placenta. Expressed by oligodendrocytes, B-cells and macrophages but not granulocytes, T-cells or NK cells (at protein level).
messages: Functions as a receptor for the Fc fragment of IgA and IgM. Binds IgA and IgM with high affinity and mediates their endocytosis. May function in the immune response to microbes mediated by IgA and IgM.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Slamf1
gene id: 10090:Slamf1
uniprot id: Q9QUM4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Involved in innate immune response against Gram-negative bacteria in macrophages; probably recognizes OmpC and/or OmpF on the bacterial surface, regulates phagosome maturation and recruitment of the PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) leading to accumulated of PdtIns(3)P and NOX2 activity in the phagosomes (PubMed:20818396, PubMed:22493499).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with SH2D1A and SH2D1B; SH2D1A mediates association with FYN; SH2D1A binds to phosphorylated and not phosphorylated ITSM 1 (PubMed:9774102, PubMed:16847311, PubMed:11477403). Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain phosphorylated on tyrosine residues) with INPP5D and PTPN11; presence of SH2D1A facilitates binding to INPP5D (By similarity). Interacts with MAP4K1 (By similarity). Interacts with PIK3C3, BECN1 and UVRAG; indicative for an association with PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) (PubMed:22493499).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FYN (By similarity).
messages: Self-ligand receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2. SLAMF1-induced signal-transduction events in T-lymphocytes are different from those in B-cells. Two modes of SLAMF1 signaling seem to exist: one depending on SH2D1A (and perhaps SH2D1B) and another in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTPN11)-dependent signal transduction operates. Initially it has been proposed that association with SH2D1A prevents binding to inhibitory effectors including INPP5D/SHIP1 and PTPN11/SHP-2 (By similarity). However, signaling is also regulated by SH2D1A which can simultaneously interact with and recruit FYN which subsequently phosphorylates and activates SLAMF1 (By similarity). Mediates IL-2-independent proliferation of activated T-cells during immune responses and induces IFN-gamma production (PubMed:9126961, PubMed:12351401). Downstreaming signaling involves INPP5D, DOK1 and DOK2 leading to inhibited IFN-gamma production in T-cells, and PRKCQ, BCL10 and NFKB1 leading to increased T-cell activation and Th2 cytokine production (PubMed:11477403, PubMed:16847311, PubMed:15539155). Promotes T-cell receptor-induced IL-4 secretion by CD4(+) cells (PubMed:15123745). Inhibits antigen receptor-mediated production of IFN-gamma, but not IL-2, in CD4(-)/CD8(-) T-cells (PubMed:11477403). Required for IL-4 production by germinal centers T follicular helper (T(Fh))cells (PubMed:20525889). May inhibit CD40-induced signal transduction in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (By similarity). May play a role in allergic responses and may regulate allergen-induced Th2 cytokine and Th1 cytokine sec…
messages: The ITSMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs) with the consensus sequence T-X-Y-X-X-[VI] present in SLAM family receptors have overlapping specificity for activating and inhibitory SH2 domain-containing binding partners. Especially they mediate the interaction with the SH2 domain of SH2D1A and SH2D1B. For SLAMF1 a 'two-out-of-three-pronged' mechanism is proposed involving threonine (position -2), phosphorylated tyrosine (position 0) and valine/isoleucine (position +3). Binding is mediated by either three 'prongs' (for high affinity binding involving ITSM 1) or a combination of any two also including non-phosphorylated Tyr-288 of ITSM 1 thus providing a positive feedback loop implicating SH2D1A-dependent recruitment of activating FYN. ITSM 2 needs to be phosphorylated on Tyr-335 for SH2D1A binding.

10090:Celf4
gene id: 10090:Celf4
uniprot id: Q7TSY6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CELF/BRUNOL family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in muscle and brain at 14 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in embryo at 7.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed strongly in skeletal muscle, heart and adipose tissue (at protein level). Expressed in the brain and cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of cardiac isoforms of TNNT2 during heart remodeling at the juvenile to adult transition. Promotes exclusion of both the smooth muscle (SM) and non-muscle (NM) exons in actinin pre-mRNAs. Activates the splicing of MAPT/Tau exon 10. Binds to muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE) intronic sites flanking the alternative exon 5 of TNNT2 pre-mRNA (By similarity).

10090:Psmb10
gene id: 10090:Psmb10
uniprot id: O35955
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocleaved. The resulting N-terminal Thr residue of the mature subunit is responsible for the nucleophile proteolytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Impaired response of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) to dominant epitopes of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Component of the immunoproteasome, where it displaces the equivalent housekeeping subunit PSMB7. Component of the spermatoproteasome, a form of the proteasome specifically found in testis.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Plays a role in determining the T-cell repertoire for an antiviral T-cell response.
messages: Up-regulated by interferon gamma (at protein level). Up-regulated by IRF1.

10090:Or8b1c
gene id: 10090:Or8b1c
uniprot id: L7N1X5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Otud3
gene id: 10090:Otud3
uniprot id: B1AZ99
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that hydrolyzes 'Lys-6'- and 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin (PubMed:35675826). Also hydrolyzes heterotypic (mixed and branched) and homotypic chains (PubMed:35675826). Important regulator of energy metabolism (PubMed:35675826). Glucose and fatty acids trigger its nuclear translocation by CBP-dependent acetylation (PubMed:35675826). In the nucleus, deubiquitinates and stabilizes the nuclear receptor PPARD regulating the expression of various genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation (PubMed:35675826). Also acts as a negative regulator of the ribosome quality control (RQC) by mediating deubiquitination of 40S ribosomal proteins RPS10/eS10 and RPS20/uS10, thereby antagonizing ZNF598-mediated 40S ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Glucose and fatty acids stimulate CREBBP-dependent acetylation, promoting its nuclear translocation.
messages: Knockout mice develope worse obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance than wild-type mice when challenged with a high-fat diet.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specificity is given by the S1' ubiquitin-binding site within the OTU domain composed of the Cys-, His- and Variable-loops.
messages: The UBA-like domain has no influence on ubiquitin hydrolysis.

10090:Pmpca
gene id: 10090:Pmpca
uniprot id: Q9DC61
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family.
messages: Does not seem to have protease activity as it lacks the zinc-binding site.
messages: Heterodimer of PMPCA (alpha) and PMPCB (beta) subunits, forming the mitochondrial processing protease (MPP) in which PMPCA is involved in substrate recognition and binding and PMPCB is the catalytic subunit.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Substrate recognition and binding subunit of the essential mitochondrial processing protease (MPP), which cleaves the mitochondrial sequence off newly imported precursors proteins.

10090:Rmc1
gene id: 10090:Rmc1
uniprot id: Q8VC42
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RMC1 family.
messages: Componement of the CCZ1-MON1 RAB7A guanine exchange factor (GEF). Acts as a positive regulator of CCZ1-MON1A/B function necessary for endosomal/autophagic flux and efficient RAB7A localization.
messages: Found in a complex with RMC1, CCZ1, MON1A and MON1B.
messages: Highly expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Rad54b
gene id: 10090:Rad54b
uniprot id: Q6PFE3
uniprot id: Q8BKE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Interacts with APBA1 (via PDZ 1 and 2 domains).
messages: Interacts with RAD51 through the NH2-terminal domain.
messages: Involved in DNA repair and mitotic recombination. May play an active role in recombination processes in concert with other members of the RAD52 epistasis group.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor that down-regulates the expression of the fibrinogen gamma chain. Represses transcription of GSK3B gene promoter via its interaction with APBA1.

10090:Oas2
gene id: 10090:Oas2
uniprot id: E9Q9A9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the uterus (PubMed:12396720). Expressed in mammary glands: expressed at low level before the establishment of lactation, then expression strongly increases, and subsequently decreases during early involution (PubMed:29117179).
messages: Glycosylated. Glycosylation is essential for its activity.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response (PubMed:12396720, PubMed:29117179). Activated by detection of double stranded RNA (dsRNA): polymerizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNASEL) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation (PubMed:29117179). Activation of RNASEL leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication (PubMed:21142819). Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNASEL-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNASEL (PubMed:21142819). In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation (PubMed:21142819). May act as a negative regulator of lactation, stopping lactation in virally infected mammary gland lobules, thereby preventing transmission of viruses to neonates (PubMed:29117179). Non-infected lobules would not be affected, allowing efficient pup feeding during infection (PubMed:29117179).
messages: Myristoylation is not essential for its activity.
messages: Produced as a latent enzyme which is activated by double stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated during the course of viral infection (PubMed:29117179). The dsRNA activator must be at least 15 nucleotides long, and no modification of the 2'-hydroxyl group is tolerated (By similarity). ssRNA or dsDNA do not act as activators (By similarity). Strongly inhibited by copper, iron and zinc ions (By similarity). Partially inhibited by cobalt and nickel ions (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Peli2
gene id: 10090:Peli2
uniprot id: E9QPQ6
uniprot id: Q8BST6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pellino family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase catalyzing the covalent attachment of ubiquitin moieties onto substrate proteins. Involved in the TLR and IL-1 signaling pathways via interaction with the complex containing IRAK kinases and TRAF6. Mediates IL1B-induced IRAK1 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and possibly 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination. May be important for LPS- and IL1B-induced MAP3K7-dependent, but not MAP3K3-dependent, NF-kappa-B activation. Can activate the MAP (mitogen activated protein) kinase pathway leading to activation of ELK1.
messages: Interacts with TRAF6, IRAK4 and MAP3K7 (By similarity). Interacts with IRAK1. Interacts with BCL10; this interaction is impaired by SOCS3.
messages: Phosphorylated by IRAK1 and IRAK4 enhancing its E3 ligase activity.
messages: The atypical FHA domain contains a 'wing' insert and mediates binding to threonine-phosphorylated IRAK1.
messages: Widely expressed both in embryos and adult. Weakly or not expressed in spleen and thymus.

10090:Eif3j1
gene id: 10090:Eif3j1
uniprot id: Q3UGC7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit J family.
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is composed of 13 subunits: EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3F, EIF3G, EIF3H, EIF3I, EIF3J, EIF3K, EIF3L and EIF3M. The eIF-3 complex appears to include 3 stable modules: module A is composed of EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3G and EIF3I; module B is composed of EIF3F, EIF3H, and EIF3M; and module C is composed of EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3K and EIF3L. EIF3C of module C binds EIF3B of module A and EIF3H of module B, thereby linking the three modules. EIF3J is a labile subunit that binds to the eIF-3 complex via EIF3B. The eIF-3 complex interacts with RPS6KB1 under conditions of nutrient depletion. Mitogenic stimulation leads to binding and activation of a complex composed of MTOR and RPTOR, leading to phosphorylation and release of RPS6KB1 and binding of EIF4B to eIF-3.
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression. This subunit binds directly within the mRNA entry channel of the 40S ribosome to the aminoacyl (A) site. It may regulate the interaction between the 43S PIC and mRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is enhanced upon serum stimulation.

10090:Zscan4f
gene id: 10090:Zscan4f
uniprot id: Q3URS2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required to regulate early development. Binds telomeres and plays a key role in genomic stability by regulating telomere elongation. Acts as an activator of spontaneous telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) and telomere elongation (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in blastocyst outgrowths and is detectable in a mosaic fashion in ES cultures.
messages: telomere

10090:Foxd4
gene id: 10090:Foxd4
uniprot id: Q60688
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains two potential transactivation domains A and B.
messages: Expressed in headfold stage embryos in the notochord, the anterior neuroectoderm, and a few cells of the definite endoderm. This expression becomes restricted to the anteriormost portions of the invaginating foregut and the developing midbrain. From day 11.5 of gestation onward, FOXD4 transcripts are restricted to the midbrain and become progressively localized to the red nuclei as the sole site of expression.
messages: Not detected in any adult tissues tested.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Arhgap22
gene id: 10090:Arhgap22
uniprot id: Q8BL80
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with VEZF1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Predominantly present in endothelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Rho GTPase-activating protein involved in the signal transduction pathway that regulates endothelial cell capillary tube formation during angiogenesis. Acts as a GTPase activator for the RAC1 by converting it to an inactive GDP-bound state. Inhibits RAC1-dependent lamellipodia formation. May also play a role in transcription regulation via its interaction with VEZF1, by regulating activity of the endothelin-1 (EDN1) promoter.

10090:Tbx22
gene id: 10090:Tbx22
uniprot id: E9Q5R8
uniprot id: Q8BKE4
uniprot id: Q8K402
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Expressed in a temporally and spatially highly restricted pattern during mouse palate and tongue development.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes. This is major determinant crucial to palatogenesis.

10090:Vmn1r210
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r210
uniprot id: Q8R274
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ctnna1
gene id: 10090:Ctnna1
uniprot id: P26231
uniprot id: Q545R0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with the cytoplasmic domain of a variety of cadherins. The association of catenins to cadherins produces a complex which is linked to the actin filament network, and which seems to be of primary importance for cadherins cell-adhesion properties. Can associate with both E- and N-cadherins. Originally believed to be a stable component of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes and to mediate the linkage of cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton at adherens junctions. In contrast, cortical actin was found to be much more dynamic than E-cadherin/catenin complexes and CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex suggesting a different linkage between actin and adherens junctions components. The homodimeric form may regulate actin filament assembly and inhibit actin branching by competing with the Arp2/3 complex for binding to actin filaments. Involved in the regulation of WWTR1/TAZ, YAP1 and TGFB1-dependent SMAD2 and SMAD3 nuclear accumulation (PubMed:21145499). May play a crucial role in cell differentiation.
messages: Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer; the monomer preferentially binds to CTNNB1 and the homodimer to actin (PubMed:16325583). Component of an cadherin:catenin adhesion complex composed of at least of CDH26, beta-catenin/CTNNB1, alpha-catenin/CTNNA1 and p120 catenin/CTNND1 (By similarity). Possible component of an E-cadherin/ catenin adhesion complex together with E-cadherin/CDH1 and beta-catenin/CTNNB1 or gamma-catenin/JUP; the complex is located to adherens junctions (PubMed:7982500, PubMed:16325582, PubMed:16325583, PubMed:18093941, PubMed:25653389, PubMed:10882138). The stable association of CTNNA1 is controversial as CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex (PubMed:16325582, PubMed:18093941). Alternatively, the CTNNA1-containing complex may be linked to F-actin by other proteins such as LIMA1 (PubMed:18093941). Binds AFDN and F-actin (PubMed:11907041). Interacts with LIMA1 (By similarity) (PubMed:18093941). Interacts with ARHGAP21 (By similarity). Interacts with AJUBA (By similarity). Interacts with vinculin/VCL (By similarity). Interacts with TJP2/ZO2 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:10026224). Interacts with TJP1/ZO1 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:10026224).
messages: Phosphorylation seems to contribute to the strength of cell-cell adhesion rather than to the basic capacity for cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mplkip
gene id: 10090:Mplkip
uniprot id: Q9D011
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PLK1; phosphorylation-dependent.
messages: May play a role in maintenance of cell cycle integrity by regulating mitosis or cytokinesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis in the cell cycle probably by CDK1.
messages: centrosome

10090:Tspan9
gene id: 10090:Tspan9
uniprot id: Q8BJU2
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Found in a complex with GP6.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Strongly expressed in megakaryocytes, platelets and lung. Weakly expressed in bone marrow, brain and kidney (at protein level).

10090:Dlx3
gene id: 10090:Dlx3
uniprot id: Q64205
uniprot id: Q78ZZ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the distal-less homeobox family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with MEIS1 (By similarity). Interacts with IPO7; the interaction facilitates nuclear translocation of DLX3 in dental papilla cells (PubMed:35922041).
messages: Not expressed in the central nervous system at 16.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Initially expressed in the branchial arches at 9.5 dpc, expression is confined to the caudal portion of the mandibular process at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Distally expressed in the posterior regions of the first and second branchial arches at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expressed in the auditory hillocks, ventral olfactory bulbs, the oral epithelium and the external naris at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expressed in the area under the first branchial cleft from which the external ear develops, in cell adjacent to Meckel's cartilage, in the external naris and mesenchymal cells that enclose the nasal epithelium at 13.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expressed in the developing otic vesicle at 11.5 dpc, expression is then restricted to the vestibular region at 12.5 dpc and further restricted to the epithelium of the utricle and the semicircular canals at 13.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expression declines thereafter with no expression detected in the developing inner ear at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expressed in the mesenchyme of the dental papilla at 13.5 dpc, expression remains in ameloblasts and odontoblasts at 16.5 dpc (PubMed:7893603). Expressed in a patchy pattern in the epithelium of the upper lip at 12.5 dpc, expression is increased in follicles during whisker development from 14.5 dpc until birth (PubMed:7893603).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator (PubMed:23371388). Activates transcription of GNRHR, via binding to the downstream activin regulatory element (DARE) in the gene promoter (PubMed:23371388).

10090:Ctns
gene id: 10090:Ctns
uniprot id: P57757
uniprot id: Q542U5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cystinosin family.
messages: Cystine/H(+) symporter that mediates export of cystine, the oxidized dimer of cysteine, from lysosomes (PubMed:12370309). Plays an important role in melanin synthesis by catalyzing cystine export from melanosomes, possibly by inhibiting pheomelanin synthesis (PubMed:22649030). In addition to cystine export, also acts as a positive regulator of mTORC1 signaling in kidney proximal tubular cells, via interactions with components of the v-ATPase and Ragulator complexes (PubMed:26449607). Also involved in small GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking and lysosomal localization of LAMP2A, independently of cystine transporter activity (PubMed:28465352).
messages: Interacts with components of the V-ATPase complex (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with components of the Ragulator complex (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with RRAGA/RagA and RRAGC/RagC (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with AP-3 complex subunit mu (AP3M1 or AP3M2) (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice develop ocular damages, bone defects and behavioral anomalies (PubMed:12370309). Defects are caused by cystine accumulation in all organs tested, and formation of cystine crystals (PubMed:12370309). Mice do not develop signs of a proximal tubulopathy or renal failure (PubMed:12370309). Cystine accumulation in the central nervous system causes severe age-related memory deficits: spatial reference and working memory deficits are observed in middle-aged mice (PubMed:17977621). In eyes, cystine crystals induce inflammatory and immune response with aging associated with loss of keratocyte and endothelial cells (PubMed:21897743). Mice show a strong increase in hair pheomelanin content (PubMed:22649030). Decreased mTORC1 signaling pathway in proximal tubular cell lines (PubMed:26449607).
messages: The lysosomal targeting motif, together with te second PQ-loop mediate targeting to the lysosome.

10090:Emc3
gene id: 10090:Emc3
uniprot id: Q99KI3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMC3 family.
messages: Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. Preferentially accommodates proteins with transmembrane domains that are weakly hydrophobic or contain destabilizing features such as charged and aromatic residues. Involved in the cotranslational insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become ER membrane spanning helices. It is also required for the post-translational insertion of tail-anchored/TA proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. By mediating the proper cotranslational insertion of N-terminal transmembrane domains in an N-exo topology, with translocated N-terminus in the lumen of the ER, controls the topology of multi-pass membrane proteins like the G protein-coupled receptors. By regulating the insertion of various proteins in membranes, it is indirectly involved in many cellular processes.

10090:Wasf1
gene id: 10090:Wasf1
uniprot id: Q8R5H6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SCAR/WAVE family.
messages: Binds the Arp2/3 complex through the C-terminal region and actin through verprolin homology (VPH) domain.
messages: Component of the WAVE1 complex composed of ABI2, CYFIP1 or CYFIP2, BRK1, NCKAP1 and WASF1/WAVE1. Within the complex, a heterodimer containing NCKAP1 and CYFIP1 interacts with a heterotrimer formed by WAVE1, ABI2 and BRK1. CYFIP2 binds to activated RAC1 which causes the complex to dissociate, releasing activated WASF1. The complex can also be activated by NCK1. Binds actin and the Arp2/3 complex. Interacts with BAIAP2. Interacts with SHANK3; the interaction mediates the association of SHANK3 with the WAVE1 complex. Interacts with ABI1 (via N-terminus). Interacts with SORBS2; this interaction greatly enhances phosphorylation by ABL1 and dephosphorylation by PTPN12 and might mediate partial to focal adhesion sites (By similarity).
messages: Downstream effector molecule involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes formation of actin filaments. Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex (By similarity). As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes (PubMed:27605705). Also involved in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in brain.
messages: Synapse
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Plxna3
gene id: 10090:Plxna3
uniprot id: A0A158SIT4
uniprot id: P70208
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Coreceptor for SEMA3A and SEMA3F. Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance in the developing nervous system. Regulates the migration of sympathetic neurons, but not of neural crest precursors. Required for normal dendrite spine morphology in pyramidal neurons. May play a role in regulating semaphorin-mediated programmed cell death in the developing nervous system. Class 3 semaphorins bind to a complex composed of a neuropilin and a plexin. The plexin modulates the affinity of the complex for specific semaphorins, and its cytoplasmic domain is required for the activation of down-stream signaling events in the cytoplasm.
messages: Detected in embryonic hindbrain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglion, trigeminal ganglion and superior cervical ganglion. In newborns, detected throughout all layers of the hippocampus.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype, but causes subtle changes in the central nervous system. Mice exhibit altered apical dendrite spine morphology in pyramidal neurons. Mice exhibit defasciculation of the facial branchiomotor nerve and of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminus, with variable severity. The number of neurons in the dorsal root ganglion is higher than normal, probably due to reduced neuronal apoptosis. In mice lacking both Plxna3 and Plxna4, migrating neurons do not show the normal response to Sema3A and Sema3F and do not migrate away from these semaphorins (in vitro).

10090:Psmb8
gene id: 10090:Psmb8
uniprot id: P28063
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocleaved. The resulting N-terminal Thr residue of the mature subunit is responsible for the nucleophile proteolytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Expressed in spleen, thymus, lung, liver, heart and, at a very low level, in kidney. Not expressed in brain nor testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Component of the immunoproteasome, where it displaces the equivalent housekeeping subunit PSMB5. Component of the spermatoproteasome, a form of the proteasome specifically found in testis. Directly interacts with POMP. Interacts with TAP1.
messages: The allele, LMP7k/LMP7s/LMPf/LMP7r/LMPcas4/LMPg7 found in strains NMRI, B10.BR, SJL, A.CA, B10.RIII, B10.cas4 and NOD may be post-translationally modified. Allele LMP7q is found in strain DBA/1J.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. May participate in the inflammatory response pathway. Required for adipocyte differentiation (PubMed:21881205, PubMed:22341445, PubMed:8066463). May be involved in the generation of spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated by interferon gamma (at protein level). Up-regulated by IRF1. Down-regulated in spleen by deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin that alters immune functions. Down-regulated by the selective inhibitor PR-957. Up-regulated by heat shock treatment. Down-regulated by EGR1 in neuronal cells.

10090:Tff1
gene id: 10090:Tff1
uniprot id: Q08423
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Secreted
messages: Stabilizer of the mucous gel overlying the gastrointestinal mucosa that provides a physical barrier against various noxious agents.
messages: Strong expression found in normal gastric mucosa. Not detected in the small or large intestine nor in normal mammary gland.

10090:Retnlb
gene id: 10090:Retnlb
uniprot id: A0A0R4J042
uniprot id: Q99P86
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the resistin/FIZZ family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:11358969, PubMed:15834545, PubMed:15155948). Heterodimer with RETNLG (PubMed:15834545).
messages: Probable hormone.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in colon, and at lower levels in ileum (PubMed:15834545). In colon, found throughout the crypt and surface epithelium and in goblet cells (at protein level) (PubMed:15834545). Specific to the gastrointestinal tract; not detected in other tissues tested (PubMed:11209052, PubMed:15834545).
messages: Up-regulated in colon in response to a high-fat diet. Also up-regulated in obese mice mutant for the leptin receptor LEPR (db/db genotype).

10090:Stx12
gene id: 10090:Stx12
uniprot id: Q9ER00
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the BLOC-1 complex. Interacts with BLOC1S6. Interacts with NAPA and SNAP23. Identified in a complex containing STX6, STX12, VAMP4 and VTI1A (By similarity). Interacts with GRIPAP1 (PubMed:20098723). Forms a complex with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1; controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting (By similarity). Interacts with NSG1 (PubMed:12070131). Interacts with TPC1 (PubMed:28855648). Interacts (via N-terminus) with VPS13B (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the syntaxin family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: SNARE promoting fusion of transport vesicles with target membranes. Together with SNARE STX6, promotes movement of vesicles from endosomes to the cell membrane, and may therefore function in the endocytic recycling pathway. Through complex formation with GRIP1, GRIA2 and NSG1 controls the intracellular fate of AMPAR and the endosomal sorting of the GRIA2 subunit toward recycling and membrane targeting.

10090:Misp
gene id: 10090:Misp
uniprot id: Q9D279
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with F-actin. Interacts with DCTN1; this interaction regulates DCTN1 distribution at the cell cortex. Interacts with PTK2/FAK and MAPRE1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MISP family.
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1 and PLK1. CDK1 is the priming kinase for PLK1 phosphorylation. Phosphorylation by PLK1 is required for proper spindle orientation at metaphase (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in mitotic spindle orientation and mitotic progression. Regulates the distribution of dynactin at the cell cortex in a PLK1-dependent manner, thus stabilizing cortical and astral microtubule attachments required for proper mitotic spindle positioning. May link microtubules to the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions. May be required for directed cell migration and centrosome orientation. May also be necessary for proper stacking of the Golgi apparatus (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Dvl3
gene id: 10090:Dvl3
uniprot id: E9Q967
uniprot id: Q61062
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation may function as a switch in regulation of function in Wnt signaling.
messages: Belongs to the DSH family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via the PDZ domain) with the C-terminal regions of VANGL1 and VANGL2. Interacts (via the region containing both the PDZ and DEP domains) with LRRFIP2; the DIX domain may inhibit this interaction. Interacts with CYLD. Interacts with CEP164 and DAB2. Interacts with DCDC2. Interacts with FOXK1 and FOXK2 (By similarity). Interacts with DAAM2 (PubMed:22227309).
messages: Involved in the signal transduction pathway mediated by multiple Wnt genes.
messages: Phosphorylated by CSNK1D.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by CYLD, which acts on 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Slc22a14
gene id: 10090:Slc22a14
uniprot id: Q497L9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Male mice show severe infertility (PubMed:27811987, PubMed:33882315). Defects are caused by impaired riboflavin transport that suppresses the oxidative phosphorylation and reprograms spermatozoa energy metabolism by disrupting flavoenzyme functions (PubMed:33882315). In mutant spermatozoa, fatty acid beta-oxidation is defective with significantly reduced levels of acyl-carnitines and metabolites from the TCA cycle (the citric acid cycle) and accumulation of triglycerides and free fatty acids (PubMed:33882315). Sperms display abnormal flagellar bending and impaired motility and capacitation (PubMed:27811987).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Riboflavin transporter localized at the inner mitochondrial membrane of the spermatozoa midpiece, which is required for male fertility (PubMed:33882315). SLC22A14-mediated riboflavin transport is essential for spermatozoa energy generation and motility: riboflavin is the precursor of FMN and FAD, which are coenzymes of many enzymes in the TCA cycle (the citric acid cycle) in mitochondria (PubMed:33882315). Required for sperm motility and normal sperm flagellar structure (PubMed:27811987, PubMed:33882315).
messages: Testis-specific (at protein level) (PubMed:27811987). Specifically expressed in male germ cells (at protein level) (PubMed:27811987).
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Or6k2
gene id: 10090:Or6k2
uniprot id: A6H6I2
uniprot id: E9Q4G0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Smcp
gene id: 10090:Smcp
uniprot id: P15265
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First detected in step 11 spermatids. Levels increase in subsequent steps to reach a maximum in late step 15 and early step 16. Levels decrease in late step 16.
messages: Involved in sperm motility. Its absence is associated with genetic background dependent male infertility. Infertility may be due to reduced sperm motility in the female reproductive tract and inability to penetrate the oocyte zona pellucida.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Testis. Is selectively expressed in the spermatids of seminiferous tubules.
messages: Was originally (PubMed:2303168, PubMed:1418626) thought to be a selenoprotein and was known as sperm mitochondrial capsule selenoprotein.

10090:Maoa
gene id: 10090:Maoa
uniprot id: Q3TPD9
uniprot id: Q3UJ53
uniprot id: Q64133
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues (PubMed:7792602). Preferentially oxidizes serotonin (PubMed:7792602). Also catalyzes the oxidative deamination of kynuramine to 3-(2-aminophenyl)-3-oxopropanal that can spontaneously condense to 4-hydroxyquinoline (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Monomer, homo- or heterodimer (containing two subunits of similar size). Each subunit contains a covalently bound flavin. Enzymatically active as monomer (By similarity).

10090:Blmh
gene id: 10090:Blmh
uniprot id: Q8R016
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Homohexamer (By similarity). Interacts with NUDT12 (via ANK repeats) (By similarity).
messages: The normal physiological role of BLM hydrolase is unknown, but it catalyzes the inactivation of the antitumor drug BLM (a glycopeptide) by hydrolyzing the carboxamide bond of its B-aminoalaninamide moiety thus protecting normal and malignant cells from BLM toxicity.

10090:Lbx2
gene id: 10090:Lbx2
uniprot id: Q9WUN8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By PAX3 which regulates its expression.
messages: Expressed in the developing urogenital system, eye and brain.
messages: First detected at 10.5 dpc in the gonadal component of the urogenital ridge. Expression dramatically increases by 11.5 dpc in the urogenital ridges and in the cranial surface ectoderm. At this time, it is also expressed in the trigeminal ganglion and nodose ganglion. At later stages, it is expressed in the brain and organs derived from the urogenital ridge, including the gonadal tubercle, kidneys, and adrenal glands. From 14.5 dpc to birth, expression is evident in the developing retinal neuroepithelium and the vibrissa.
messages: Mice are healthy and fertile and do not display any abnormal phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor.

10090:Sgtb
gene id: 10090:Sgtb
uniprot id: Q8VD33
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SGT family.
messages: Co-chaperone that binds directly to HSC70 and HSP70 and regulates their ATPase activity.
messages: Homooligomerize.

10090:A4gnt
gene id: 10090:A4gnt
uniprot id: Q14BT6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 32 family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to core 2 branched O-glycans. Necessary for the synthesis of type III mucin which is specifically produced in the stomach, duodenum, and pancreatic duct. May protect against inflammation-associated gastric adenocarcinoma.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: The conserved DXD motif is involved in enzyme activity.
messages: Viable with no gross defects. Gastric mucosa cells and duodenal Brunner's glands have an altered O-linked glycosylation profile with complete loss of terminal alpha-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine residues (alpha-GlcNAc). Animals develop spontaneous gastric adenocarcinomas, with all individuals affected by 60 weeks of age. Hyperplasia of surface mucous cells and pyloric gland cells is observed as early as 5 weeks of age, associated with increased inflammatory responses in the gastric mucosa.

10090:Nap1l5
gene id: 10090:Nap1l5
uniprot id: Q9JJF0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cmklr1
gene id: 10090:Cmklr1
uniprot id: P97468
uniprot id: Q497D3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like receptor (CMKLR) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IFN-alpha and TNF on macrophages.
messages: Expressed during bone development and in adult parathyroid glands. Expressed at 11 dpc in the caudal part of the tongue and the umbilical cord and the expression in the tongue was maintained throughout adulthood. Expression increases in bone and cartilaginous forming zones of embryo up to stage 14.5 dpc and at 16.5 dpc expression is seen in the lung.
messages: Expressed in the differentiated adipocytes (at protein level). Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in adipose tissue and immature plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) and at lower levels in myeloid DCs, macrophages, and NK cells. Expressed on macrophages isolated from different tissues, including peritoneal cavities, pleural cavities and spleen.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for the chemoattractant adipokine chemerin/RARRES2 and for the omega-3 fatty acid derived molecule resolvin E1. Interaction with RARRES2 initiates activation of G proteins G(i)/G(o) and beta-arrestin pathways inducing cellular responses via second messenger pathways such as intracellular calcium mobilization, phosphorylation of MAP kinases MAPK1/MAPK3 (ERK1/2), TYRO3, MAPK14/P38MAPK and PI3K leading to multifunctional effects, like, reduction of immune responses, enhancing of adipogenesis and angionesis. Resolvin E1 down-regulates cytokine production in macrophages by reducing the activation of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Positively regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism.

10090:Rpl21
gene id: 10090:Rpl21
uniprot id: O09167
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL21 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: cytosol

10090:Rgs22
gene id: 10090:Rgs22
uniprot id: G3UYX5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed testis, including in Leydig cells and spermatogenic cells from the spermatogonia to spermatid stages (at protein level).
messages: Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form.
messages: Interacts with GNA11, GNA12 and GNA13.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Serpina16
gene id: 10090:Serpina16
uniprot id: D3Z660
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Mogat1
gene id: 10090:Mogat1
uniprot id: Q91ZV4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the diacylglycerol acyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of diacylglycerol from 2-monoacylglycerol and fatty acyl-CoA. Probably not involved in absorption of dietary fat in the small intestine.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at high level in kidney and stomach. Expressed at lower level in brown and white adipose tissue, uterus and liver. Not detected in small intestine.

10090:Tmem65
gene id: 10090:Tmem65
uniprot id: Q4VAE3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Low level expression seen in the heart between 8.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc. Expression levels increase progressively after birth, with the highest levels seen in adults.
messages: May play an important role in cardiac development and function. May regulate cardiac conduction and the function of the gap junction protein GJA1. May contribute to the stability and proper localization of GJA1 to cardiac intercalated disk thereby regulating gap junction communication (PubMed:26403541). Regulates mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial DNA copy number maintenance (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with GJA1. Interacts weakly with DSP.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the ventricular tissue (at protein level).

10090:Slc7a6os
gene id: 10090:Slc7a6os
uniprot id: Q7TPE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IWR1/SLC7A6OS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Directs RNA polymerase II nuclear import.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Txn2
gene id: 10090:Txn2
uniprot id: P97493
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thioredoxin family.
messages: Important for the control of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species homeostasis, apoptosis regulation and cell viability. Possesses a dithiol-reducing activity.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Tpd52
gene id: 10090:Tpd52
uniprot id: E9PUA7
uniprot id: F8WHQ1
uniprot id: Q62393
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TPD52 family.
messages: Forms a homodimer or heterodimer with other members of the family.
messages: Isoform 2 is expressed at higher levels in kidney and brain than in liver, lung, testis and heart. Within the brain, isoform 2 is highly expressed in the granular layer of the cerebellum, the cortex and the hippocampus. In embryos, isoform 2 is expressed in the epithelium of the developing intestine, stomach, olfactory epithelium, neuronal layers of the retina, salivary gland, kidney and dorsal root ganglion.

10090:Fzd3
gene id: 10090:Fzd3
uniprot id: Q61086
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Expressed in the cortex, diencephalon, rostral brainstem and little or no staining is seen in the striatum or cerebellum. Expressed in both hair cells and supporting cells in the utricle, saccule, cristae and the organ of Corti in the inner ear (at protein level). Highly expressed in the CNS. In skin, it is restricted to the epidermis and to the developing hair follicle.
messages: Expressed throughout the developing central nervous system (CNS). Expressed in the cortex, diencephalon, and brainstem, with the most intense staining in the striatum and trigeminal ganglia at 18 dpc (at protein level). First detected in discrete foci in the developing epidermis of 13 days old embryos, later in the hair follicle placodes of 15 days old embryos. Expressed in the ventral and lateral margins of the spinal cord from 9.5 to 13.5 dpc, where post-crossing commissural axons project longitudinally. Expressed in superior sympathetic cervical ganglia (SCG) at 14.5 and 16.5 dpc, a stage when the SCG is comprised primarily of proliferating sympathetic neuroblasts. In 17 days embryos and 1 day old newborn, expression is limited to suprabasal keratinocytes and is not seen in pelage follicles until 3 days postpartum. In 7 days old neonatal skin, expression occurs throughout the epidermis and in the outer cell layers of hair follicles.
messages: Interacts with VANGL2.
messages: Lys-Thr-X-X-X-Trp motif interacts with the PDZ domain of Dvl (Disheveled) family members and is involved in the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
messages: Membrane
messages: Neonate knockout mice have a curly tail, flexed lower limbs, breathe irregularly and typically die within 30 min of birth. Central nervous system (CNS) shows severe defects in the development of several major axon tracts, including: a nearly complete absence of the three early most prominent axon tracts in the brain and the ventral branch of the trigeminal nerve, absence of subcortical and striatal axons, the anterior commissure, misrouting of thalamocortical axons, a nearly complete absence of the corticospinal tract, the fasciculus retroflexus, and the mammillothalamic tract, poor fasciculation of the medial lemniscus and a disorganization of axon bundles in the reticular formation, severe defect in the asymmetric rostrocaudal orientation of dopaminergic and serotonergic axons, a large reduction or complete absence of ascending spinal axon tracts in the braistem, midbrain and thalamus, peripheral nerves defect in several motor neurons, such as in the VIIth and XIIth cranial motor nerves, the phrenic nerve, and the spinal motor nerve which failed to form connections with their respective targets and display also aberrant migration of a subpopulation of cranial neural crest cells (PubMed:12351730, PubMed:24347548, PubMed:24799694). Neonate knockout mice show fewer S-phase proliferating neuroblasts, premature cell cycle exit and enhanced apoptosis in early-stage superior cervical ganglia (SCGs), and in some cases, complete absence of sympathetic innervation of several peripheral targets (PubMed:21325504). Display also impaired rostral turning by growth cones of spinal cord commissural sensory axons (PubMed:14671310). FZD3 and FZD6 double knockout embryos have a curled tail, exhibit defects in neural tube and eyelids closure, in the orientation of hair bundles on inner-ear sensory cells and die at birth (PubMed:16495441). The following conditional knockout mice display the corresponding phenotypes: dopaminergic neuron-specific shows a defect in the orientation and gro…
messages: Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. Activation by Wnt5A stimulates PKC activity via a G-protein-dependent mechanism. Involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues. Plays a role in controlling early axon growth and guidance processes necessary for the formation of a subset of central and peripheral major fiber tracts. Required for the development of major fiber tracts in the central nervous system, including: the anterior commissure, the corpus callosum, the thalamocortical, corticothalamic and nigrostriatal tracts, the corticospinal tract, the fasciculus retroflexus, the mammillothalamic tract, the medial lemniscus, and ascending fiber tracts from the spinal cord to the brain. In the peripheral nervous system, controls axon growth in distinct populations of cranial and spinal motor neurons, including the facial branchimotor nerve, the hypoglossal nerve, the phrenic nerve, and motor nerves innervating dorsal limbs. Involved in the migration of cranial neural crest cells. May also be implicated in the transmission of sensory information from the trunk and limbs to the brain. Controls commissural sensory axons guidance after midline crossing along the anterior-posterior axis in the developing spinal cord in a Wnt-dependent signaling pathway. Together with FZD6, is involved in the neural tube closure and pl…
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Cgrrf1
gene id: 10090:Cgrrf1
uniprot id: Q8BMJ7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Able to inhibit growth in several cell lines.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nicn1
gene id: 10090:Nicn1
uniprot id: Q9CQM0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in all tissues of the developing embryos.
messages: High expression level is found in brain, testis, liver and kidney. Weak expression in spleen, leukocytes, small intestin and colon.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the neuronal tubulin polyglutamylase complex which contains TPGS1, TPGS2, TTLL1, LRRC49 and NICN1.

10090:Olfr851
gene id: 10090:Olfr851
uniprot id: Q7TRG0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ifit2
gene id: 10090:Ifit2
uniprot id: Q64112
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IFIT family.
messages: By type I interferons, dsRNAs and viruses.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Domain-swapped homodimer. Component of an interferon-dependent multiprotein complex, at least composed of IFIT1, IFIT2 and IFIT3. Interacts with IFIT1 and IFIT3. Interacts with STING1/MITA and disrupts its interaction with MAVS or TBK1 (By similarity). Interacts with EIF3C.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: IFN-induced antiviral protein which inhibits expression of viral messenger RNAs lacking 2'-O-methylation of the 5' cap. The ribose 2'-O-methylation would provide a molecular signature to distinguish between self and non-self mRNAs by the host during viral infection. Viruses evolved several ways to evade this restriction system such as encoding their own 2'-O-methylase for their mRNAs or by stealing host cap containing the 2'-O-methylation (cap snatching mechanism). Binds AU-rich viral RNAs, with or without 5' triphosphorylation, RNA-binding is required for antiviral activity. Can promote apoptosis.
messages: The C-terminal part folds into a super-helical structure and has an extensively positively-charged nucleotide-binding channel on its inner surface.

10090:Gmppa
gene id: 10090:Gmppa
uniprot id: Q922H4
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with GMPPB.
messages: Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GMPPA is a close homolog of GMPPB, that has been shown to catalyze the formation of GDP-mannose, an essential precursor of glycan moieties of glycoproteins and glycolipids. It has been hypothesized that GMPPA might serve as a regulatory subunit and allow allosteric feedback inhibition of GMPPB by GDP-mannose. Alignment of GMPPAs and GMPPBs from various species shows that GMPPAs are characterized by a 2 amino acid-insertion (residues 11-12) in a highly conserved motif that borders the catalytic pocket and binds the nucleotide substrate in homologous enzymes. This insertion might inactivate the ancestral catalytic site, converting it to an allosteric site (PubMed:24035193).
messages: May serve as a regulatory subunit and allow allosteric feedback inhibition of GMPPB by GDP-mannose.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:P2ry10
gene id: 10090:P2ry10
uniprot id: Q8BFU7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Putative receptor for purines coupled to G-proteins.

10090:Primpol
gene id: 10090:Primpol
uniprot id: Q6P1E7
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family.
messages: Can act both with Mn(2+) and Mg(2+) as cofactor in vitro, but Mn(2+) is the preferred cofactor in vivo. The polymerase activity incorporates correct dNTPs with much higher efficiency with Mn(2+) than with Mg(2+). The fidelity is slightly more accurate when Mg(2+) is the cofactor compared to Mn(2+). In the presence of Mn(2+), a conformational transition step from non-productive to productive PRIMPOL:DNA complexes limits the enzymatic turnover, whereas in the presence of Mg(2+), the chemical step becomes rate limiting.
messages: Chromosome
messages: DNA primase and DNA polymerase required to tolerate replication-stalling lesions by bypassing them (PubMed:26926109, PubMed:29073063). Required to facilitate mitochondrial and nuclear replication fork progression by initiating de novo DNA synthesis using dNTPs and acting as an error-prone DNA polymerase able to bypass certain DNA lesions (By similarity). Shows a high capacity to tolerate DNA damage lesions such as 8oxoG and abasic sites in DNA (By similarity). Provides different translesion synthesis alternatives when DNA replication is stalled: able to synthesize DNA primers downstream of lesions, such as ultraviolet (UV) lesions, R-loops and G-quadruplexes, to allow DNA replication to continue (By similarity). Can also realign primers ahead of 'unreadable lesions' such as abasic sites and 6-4 photoproduct (6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidinone), thereby skipping the lesion (By similarity). Also able to incorporate nucleotides opposite DNA lesions such as 8oxoG, like a regular translesion synthesis DNA polymerase (By similarity). Also required for reinitiating stalled forks after UV damage during nuclear DNA replication (By similarity). Required for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis and replication, by reinitiating synthesis after UV damage or in the presence of chain-terminating nucleotides (PubMed:29073063). Prevents APOBEC family-mediated DNA mutagenesis by repriming downstream of abasic site to prohibit error-prone translesion synthesis (PubMed:26926109). Has non-overlapping function with POLH (By similarity). In addition to its role in DNA damage response, also required to maintain efficient nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication in unperturbed cells (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with RPA1; leading to recruitment to chromatin and stimulate DNA primase activity. Interacts with SSBP1. Interacts with POLDIP2; leading to enhance DNA polymerase activity.
messages: Mice are viable but show defects in mitochondrial DNA synthesis.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RPA1-binding motifs (RBM) mediate interaction with RPA1 and are essential for recruitment to chromatin. The interaction is primarily mediated by RPA1-binding motif 1, which binds to the basic cleft of RPA1, with motif 2 plays a supporting role in RPA1-binding.
messages: The presence of an Asp-Aaa-Glu (DxE) motif in the metal-binding active site favors the use of Mn(2+) ions to achieve optimal incoming nucleotide stabilization, especially required during primer synthesis. Glu-116 is required to stabilize the incoming nucleotide at the 3'-site.
messages: The zinc knuckle motif binds zinc and is required for the DNA primase activity. It facilitates the binding and selection of the 5'-nucleotide of the newly synthesized primer and the recognition of preferred initiation sites.

10090:Slc35c2
gene id: 10090:Slc35c2
uniprot id: Q5GMH2
uniprot id: Q8VCX2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35C subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Higher expression at embryo stage 7.5 dpc than 11-17 dpc.
messages: May play an important role in the cellular response to tissue hypoxia. May be either a GDP-fucose transporter that competes with SLC35C1 for GDP-fucose, or a factor that otherwise enhances the fucosylation of Notch and is required for optimal Notch signaling in mammalian cells (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Srgap3
gene id: 10090:Srgap3
uniprot id: Q812A2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subunit
messages: GTPase-activating protein for RAC1 and perhaps CDC42, but not for RhoA small GTPase. May attenuate RAC1 signaling in neurons (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer (Probable). Forms a heterooligomer with SRGAP1 and SRGAP2 through its F-BAR domain. Interacts with WASF1. Probably interacts with ROBO1. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Probable cloning artifact. Aberrant splice sites.
messages: The F-BAR domain mediates oligomerization, binds membranes, and induces plasma membrane protrusions.

10090:Cdc42ep3
gene id: 10090:Cdc42ep3
uniprot id: Q9CQC5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BORG/CEP family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Interacts with RHOQ and CDC42, in a GTP-dependent manner, and with SEPT7.
messages: Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. May act downstream of CDC42 to induce actin filament assembly leading to cell shape changes. Induces pseudopodia formation in fibroblasts (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gypa
gene id: 10090:Gypa
uniprot id: P14220
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycophorin-A family.
messages: Component of the ankyrin-1 complex, a multiprotein complex involved in the stability and shape of the erythrocyte membrane. Glycophorin A is the major intrinsic membrane protein of the erythrocyte. The N-terminal glycosylated segment, which lies outside the erythrocyte membrane, has MN blood group receptors. Appears to be important for the function of SLC4A1 and is required for high activity of SLC4A1. May be involved in translocation of SLC4A1 to the plasma membrane. Is a receptor for influenza virus. Is a receptor for Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 (EBA-175); binding of EBA-175 is dependent on sialic acid residues of the O-linked glycans. Appears to be a receptor for Hepatitis A virus (HAV).
messages: Homodimer. Component of the ankyrin-1 complex in the erythrocyte, composed of ANK1, RHCE, RHAG, SLC4A1, EPB42, GYPA, GYPB and AQP1. Interacts with SLC4A1; a GYPA monomer is bound at each end of the SLC4A1 dimer forming an heterotetramer.
messages: Membrane
messages: The N-terminal extracellular domain is heavily glycosylated on serine and threonine residues.
messages: The amount of O-linked oligosaccharide chains in the erythrocyte membrane decreases to 60% compared to that of the wild-type mice. Erythrocytes lacking GPA are more sensitive to hypo-osmotic stress.

10090:4930503L19Rik
gene id: 10090:4930503L19Rik
uniprot id: Q8CB14
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Might play a role in cell proliferation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in lung and spleen. Also expressed during embryonic development, at least from 7 to 17 dpc.

10090:Tmem167b
gene id: 10090:Tmem167b
uniprot id: Q80X45
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the KISH family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Involved in the early part of the secretory pathway.

10090:Or7g30
gene id: 10090:Or7g30
uniprot id: Q8VFF6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Abcd4
gene id: 10090:Abcd4
uniprot id: O89016
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCD family. Peroxisomal fatty acyl CoA transporter (TC 3.A.1.203) subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer. Interacts with LMBRD1; this interaction induces the translocation of ABCD4 from the ER to the lysosome membrane. Interacts with LMBRD1 and MMACHC; this interaction ensures the transport of cobalamin from the lysosome to the cytosol.
messages: Lysosomal membrane protein that transports cobalamin (Vitamin B12) from the lysosomal lumen to the cytosol in an ATP-dependent manner. Targeted by LMBRD1 lysosomal chaperone from the endoplasmic reticulum to the lysosomal membrane. Then forms a complex with lysosomal chaperone LMBRD1 and cytosolic MMACHC to transport cobalamin across the lysosomal membrane.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Originally proposed to be a peroxisomal protein (By similarity). Recent studies have suggested its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum and within the lysosome (By similarity).

10090:Pde3b
gene id: 10090:Pde3b
uniprot id: E9QLQ3
uniprot id: Q61409
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in adipose tissues.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE3 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes (PubMed:10454575). Regulates angiogenesis by inhibiting the cAMP-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor RAPGEF3 and downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma-mediated signaling (By similarity). Controls cardiac contractility by reducing cAMP concentration in cardiocytes (PubMed:15294162).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with PIK3CG; regulates PDE3B activity and thereby cAMP levels in cells (PubMed:15294162). Interacts with RAPGEF3 and PIK3R6; form a signaling complex that regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma in angiogenesis (By similarity). Interacts with ABHD15; this interaction regulates PDE3B's stability and expression and, thereby, impacts the antilipolytic action of insulin (PubMed:29768196).
messages: Inhibited by cGMP.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-273 mediates insulin-induced activation of PDE3B.

10090:Or5p52
gene id: 10090:Or5p52
uniprot id: A6H654
uniprot id: Q8VG43
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Osbpl3
gene id: 10090:Osbpl3
uniprot id: D3YTT6
uniprot id: D3Z194
uniprot id: F8WH20
uniprot id: Q9DBS9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at higher levels in some regions of the developing central and peripheral nervous system, including hippocampal neuroepithelium, rhinencephalon, intermediate thalamus.
messages: Expressed in spinal ganglia. Expressed in a subset of small lymphocytes (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with RRAS (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated form) with VAPA (By similarity). Interacts with OSBPL6 (PubMed:30028970).
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Phosphoinositide-binding protein which associates with both cell and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes. Can bind to the ER membrane protein VAPA and recruit VAPA to plasma membrane sites, thus linking these intracellular compartments. The ORP3-VAPA complex stimulates RRAS signaling which in turn attenuates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activation at the cell surface. With VAPA, may regulate ER morphology. Has a role in regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, cell polarity and cell adhesion. Binds to phosphoinositides with preference for PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3. Also binds 25-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol.
messages: Phosphorylation is enhanced in vitro by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), forskolin and calcium ionophore A23187. Phosphorylation seems to be stimulated in conditions of low cell-cell (or cell-matrix) adhesion.
messages: The FFAT 2 motif is required for interaction with VAPA and regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum targeting of ORP3. The FFAT 1 motif may contribute to VAPA binding.
messages: The PH domain binds phosphoinositides, with a preference for PI(3,4)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3. The PH domain mediates targeting to the plasma membrane.
messages: cytosol
messages: filopodium tip

10090:Ptpn3
gene id: 10090:Ptpn3
uniprot id: A2ALK8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cdh23
gene id: 10090:Cdh23
uniprot id: Q99PF4
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cadherin repeats 1 and 2 mediate calcium-dependent heterophilic interaction with PCDH15.
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells. CDH23 is required for establishing and/or maintaining the proper organization of the stereocilia bundle of hair cells in the cochlea and the vestibule during late embryonic/early postnatal development. It is part of the functional network formed by USH1C, USH1G, CDH23 and MYO7A that mediates mechanotransduction in cochlear hair cells. Required for normal hearing.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Cdh23 are the cause of waltzer (v) phenotype. Waltzer mice are characterized by deafness and vestibular dysfunction due to degeneration of the neuroepithelium within the inner ear.
messages: In adult animals relatively high levels of expression are found in testis, skeletal muscle, heart, eye and thymus, and lower expression in kidney, lung and brain. Found in the sensory hair cells of the inner ear.
messages: Interacts with USH1C and USH1G (By similarity). antiparallel heterodimer with PCDH15. Isoform C1: Interacts with CAMSAP3; leading to inhibit CAMSAP3 ability to induce microtubule bundle formation (PubMed:27349180).
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Cibar2
gene id: 10090:Cibar2
uniprot id: Q3V2J0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CIBAR family.
messages: Homodimer (via BAR-like domain). Heterodimer (via BAR-like domain) with FAM92A. Interacts with CBY1.
messages: May play a role in ciliogenesis. In cooperation with CBY1 may facilitate ciliogenesis likely by the recruitment and fusion of endosomal vesicles at distal appendages during early stages of ciliogenesis.
messages: The BAR-like domain displays limited similarity to other BAR domains.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Slc38a10
gene id: 10090:Slc38a10
uniprot id: Q5I012
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Expressed in neurons, astrocytes and epithelial cells scattered throughout the central nervous system structures including striatum, ependyma, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, pons, and cerebellum (at protein level). Highly expressed in paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterior hypothalamic area central part, in lateral ventricule and in dorsal 3rd ventricule (at protein level). Expressed in choroid plexus epithelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Facilitates bidirectional transport of amino acids. May act as a glutamate sensor that regulates glutamate-glutamine cycle and mTOR signaling in the brain. The transport mechanism remains to be elucidated.
messages: Membrane

10090:Abcf2
gene id: 10090:Abcf2
uniprot id: Q99LE6
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCF family. EF3 subfamily.
messages: Lacks transmembrane domains and is probably not involved in transport.

10090:Prm2
gene id: 10090:Prm2
uniprot id: P07978
uniprot id: Q545M0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protamine P2 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with TDRP.
messages: Male mice are sterile due to reduced compaction of chromatin in sperm.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
messages: Proteolytic processing into mature chains is required for histone eviction during spermatogenesis (PubMed:28366643). Transition proteins (TNP1 and TNP2) are required for processing (PubMed:28366643).
messages: Testis.

10090:Or51m1
gene id: 10090:Or51m1
uniprot id: F8VPJ9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or4a2
gene id: 10090:Or4a2
uniprot id: Q8VGM8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tefm
gene id: 10090:Tefm
uniprot id: Q5SSK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TEFM family.
messages: Interacts with POLRMT.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Transcription elongation factor which increases mitochondrial RNA polymerase processivity. Regulates transcription of the mitochondrial genome, including genes important for the oxidative phosphorylation machinery (By similarity).
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Patz1
gene id: 10090:Patz1
uniprot id: Q5NBZ1
uniprot id: Q80XS2
uniprot id: Q9JMG9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Iqsec3
gene id: 10090:Iqsec3
uniprot id: Q3TES0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for ARF1.
messages: Belongs to the BRAG family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed specifically in the adult brain, but not in the fetal brain at 14 dpc.
messages: Interacts with DLG1 and DLG4 (By similarity). Interacts with GPHN (PubMed:27609886).
messages: Postsynaptic density

10090:Hps5
gene id: 10090:Hps5
uniprot id: E9Q3X4
uniprot id: P59438
uniprot id: Q640Q9
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HPS5 family.
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (or BLOC2) composed of HPS3, HPS5 and HPS6.
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (or BLOC2) composed of HPS3, HPS5 and HPS6. Interacts with HPS6 and HPS3. May interact with all alpha-integrin chains that have an aromatic residue before the first lysine of the conserved KXGFFKR motif, including ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGA5 and ITGA6.
messages: Defects in Hps5 are the cause of Hermansky-Pudlak-like syndrome, a syndrome characterized by hypopigmented eyes and coat, melanosomes greatly reduced in number and morphologically bizarre, kidney proximal tubules secreting lysosomal enzymes into urine at greatly reduced rates, platelet dense granules deficient in critical components, such as serotonin and adenine nucleotides, leading to functionally abnormal platelets and prolonged bleeding times, and mast cell granules undergoing unregulated 'kiss-and-run' fusion at the plasma membrane.
messages: May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules.
messages: May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins.
messages: Widely expressed, with lowest expression in skeletal muscle and spleen.
messages: cytosol

10090:Dok2
gene id: 10090:Dok2
uniprot id: O70469
uniprot id: Q3TX09
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DOK family. Type A subfamily.
messages: DOK proteins are enzymatically inert adaptor or scaffolding proteins. They provide a docking platform for the assembly of multimolecular signaling complexes. DOK2 may modulate the cellular proliferation induced by IL-4, as well as IL-2 and IL-3. May be involved in modulating Bcr-Abl signaling. Attenuates EGF-stimulated MAP kinase activation.
messages: During embryonic liver development, expressed in the islands of cells, consistent with an expression in hematopoietic precursors.
messages: Highly expressed in spleen and lung.
messages: Interacts with phosphorylated RASGAP and EGFR. Interacts with RET and NCK. Interacts (via PH domain) with TEK/TIE2 (tyrosine phosphorylated).
messages: On immunoreceptor stimulation, phosphorylated on C-terminal tyrosine residues. Phosphorylation on Tyr-351 is required for binding to the SH2 domain of NCK. Phosphorylation on both Tyr-276 and Tyr-304 is required for interaction with RASGAP. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by TEK/TIE2.
messages: PTB domain mediates receptor interaction.

10090:Wasf3
gene id: 10090:Wasf3
uniprot id: Q8VHI6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCAR/WAVE family.
messages: Binds actin and the Arp2/3 complex.
messages: Binds the Arp2/3 complex through the C-terminal region and actin through verprolin homology (VPH) domain.
messages: Downstream effector molecules involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation by ABL1 promotes lamellipodia formation and cell migration.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Tmem70
gene id: 10090:Tmem70
uniprot id: A0A0R4J272
uniprot id: Q921N7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM70 family.
messages: Higher expressed in the heart than in the liver (at protein level).
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts (homooligomer form) with ATP5MC1; this interaction facilitates the oligomer formation of subunit c/ATP5MC1 (c-ring) and the c-ring membrane insertion and also protects ATP5MC1 against intramitochondrial proteolysis. Interacts with the core subunits TMEM126B, NDUFAF1, ECSIT and ACAD9 of the MCIA complex. Interacts with ATP5MC3, TMEM242 and TIMMDC1.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for Tmem70 are embryonically lethal at about 9.5 days post coitum and exhibit profound growth retardation (PubMed:28173120). Embryos exhibit delayed development of the cardiovascular system and a disturbed heart mitochondrial ultrastructure, with concentric or irregular cristae structures (PubMed:28173120).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Scaffold protein that participates in the c-ring assembly of mitochondrial ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or complex V) by facilitating the membrane insertion and oligomer formation of the subunit c/ATP5MC1 through its interaction (By similarity). Therefore, participates in the early stage of mitochondrial ATP synthase biogenesis and also protects subunit c/ATP5MC1 against intramitochondrial proteolysis (PubMed:31652072, PubMed:28173120). In addition, binds the mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complexes I and may play a role in the stability of its membrane-bound subassemblies (By similarity).

10090:Iapp
gene id: 10090:Iapp
uniprot id: P12968
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcitonin family.
messages: Interacts with IDE and INS.
messages: Secreted
messages: Selectively inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glycogen deposition in muscle, while not affecting adipocyte glucose metabolism.
messages: The mature protein is largely unstructured in the absence of a cognate ligand, but contrary to the human protein, it does not easily form fibrillar aggregates.

10090:Actr3
gene id: 10090:Actr3
uniprot id: Q3ULF7
uniprot id: Q99JY9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with bacterium B.thailandensis BimA.
messages: ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In podocytes, required for the formation of lamellipodia downstream of AVIL and PLCE1 regulation. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Plays a role in ciliogenesis.
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Belongs to the actin family. ARP3 subfamily.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC. Interacts with WHDC1. Interacts weakly with MEFV. Interacts with AVIL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Slc2a13
gene id: 10090:Slc2a13
uniprot id: Q3UHK1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: H(+)-myo-inositol cotransporter. Can also transport related stereoisomers.

10090:Crybb2
gene id: 10090:Crybb2
uniprot id: P62696
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.
messages: Crystallins are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens.
messages: Has a two-domain beta-structure, folded into four very similar Greek key motifs.
messages: Homo/heterodimer, or complexes of higher-order. The structure of beta-crystallin oligomers seems to be stabilized through interactions between the N-terminal arms (By similarity).

10090:Or52h7
gene id: 10090:Or52h7
uniprot id: B9EHE6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim58
gene id: 10090:Trim58
uniprot id: Q5NCC9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase induced during late erythropoiesis. Directly binds and ubiquitinates the intermediate chain of the microtubule motor dynein (DYNC1LI1/DYNC1LI2), stimulating the degradation of the dynein holoprotein complex. May participate in the erythroblast enucleation process through regulation of nuclear polarization.
messages: Expressed in erythroblasts.
messages: The RING finger is required for ubiquitin ligase activity.

10090:Nlrp4e
gene id: 10090:Nlrp4e
uniprot id: Q66X19
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: May be involved in inflammation and recognition of cytosolic pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) not intercepted by membrane-bound receptors.

10090:Dmrta2
gene id: 10090:Dmrta2
uniprot id: A2A9A2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DMRT family.
messages: Expressed from 12.5 dpc to 15.5 dpc in ovary and from 12.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc in testis, but to a lower extent. Expression is detectable in early embryos at 8.5 dpc and in brain of embryos at 13.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in adult brain and testis, as well as in embryonic ovary, kidney, heart, lung, stomach and brain.
messages: May be involved in sexual development.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tmem92
gene id: 10090:Tmem92
uniprot id: B7ZWI3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Amer2
gene id: 10090:Amer2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J030
uniprot id: Q8CCJ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Amer family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with APC.
messages: Negative regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neuroectodermal patterning. Acts by specifically binding phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), translocating to the cell membrane and interacting with key regulators of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, such as components of the beta-catenin destruction complex (By similarity).

10090:Atox1
gene id: 10090:Atox1
uniprot id: O08997
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATX1 family.
messages: Binds and deliver cytosolic copper to the copper ATPase proteins. May be important in cellular antioxidant defense (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ATP7B. Interacts with ATP7A. Interacts (via dimer form) with SLC31A1 (via C-terminal domain); this interaction improves ATOX1 stability and controls intracellular Cu(I) levels.
messages: The heavy-metal-associated domain (HMA) coordinates a Cu(+) ion via the cysteine residues within the CXXC motif. The transfer of Cu(+) ion from ATOX1 to ATP7A involves the formation of a three-coordinate Cu(+)-bridged heterodimer where the metal is shared between the two metal binding sites of ATOX1 and ATP7A. The Cu(+) ion appears to switch between two coordination modes, forming two links with one protein and one with the other. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic drug, can bind the CXXC motif and hinder the release of Cu(+) ion.

10090:Polr3g
gene id: 10090:Polr3g
uniprot id: Q6NXY9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC7 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. RPC3/POLR3C, RPC6/POLR3F and RPC7/POLR3G form a Pol III subcomplex. Directly interacts with POLR3C/RPC62. Also found a trimeric complex with POLR3C and POLR3GL.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. May direct with other members of the RPC3/POLR3C-RPC6/POLR3F-RPC7/POLR3G subcomplex RNA Pol III binding to the TFIIIB-DNA complex via the interactions between TFIIIB and POLR3F. May be involved either in the recruitment and stabilization of the subcomplex within RNA polymerase III, or in stimulating catalytic functions of other subunits during initiation. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway.
messages: Expressed at low levels in the liver.
messages: Not detectable in unfertilized oocytes. First detected in zygotes and the 2-cell stage embryos. Expressed until at least the early blastocyst stage.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cfd
gene id: 10090:Cfd
uniprot id: P03953
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Factor D cleaves factor B when the latter is complexed with factor C3b, activating the C3bbb complex, which then becomes the C3 convertase of the alternate pathway. Its function is homologous to that of C1s in the classical pathway.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pus7
gene id: 10090:Pus7
uniprot id: Q3ULP8
uniprot id: Q91VU7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruD family.
messages: Interacts with SIRT1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pseudouridylate synthase that catalyzes pseudouridylation of RNAs. Acts as a regulator of protein synthesis in embryonic stem cells by mediating pseudouridylation of RNA fragments derived from tRNAs (tRFs): pseudouridylated tRFs inhibit translation by targeting the translation initiation complex. Also catalyzes pseudouridylation of mRNAs: mediates pseudouridylation of mRNAs with the consensus sequence 5'-UGUAG-3'. Acts as a regulator of pre-mRNA splicing by mediating pseudouridylation of pre-mRNAs at locations associated with alternatively spliced regions. Pseudouridylation of pre-mRNAs near splice sites directly regulates mRNA splicing and mRNA 3'-end processing. In addition to mRNAs and tRNAs, binds other types of RNAs, such as snRNAs, Y RNAs and vault RNAs, suggesting that it can catalyze pseudouridylation of many RNA types.

10090:Chrm4
gene id: 10090:Chrm4
uniprot id: P32211
uniprot id: Q0VBU3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily. CHRM4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins.
messages: The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is inhibition of adenylate cyclase.

10090:Trpv1
gene id: 10090:Trpv1
uniprot id: Q3V318
uniprot id: Q704Y3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in neurons in the root ganglia (at protein level). Detected in dorsal root ganglia.
messages: Homotetramer. May also form a heteromeric channel with TRPV3 (By similarity). Interacts with CALM, PRKCM and CSK (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCG and NTRK1, probably by forming a trimeric complex (By similarity). Interacts with PIRT (PubMed:18455988). Interacts with the Scolopendra mutilans RhTx toxin (PubMed:26420335). Interacts with TMEM100 (PubMed:25640077). Interacts with PACS2 (By similarity).
messages: Ligand-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel involved in detection of noxious chemical and thermal stimuli (PubMed:15194687, PubMed:15489017). Seems to mediate proton influx and may be involved in intracellular acidosis in nociceptive neurons. Involved in mediation of inflammatory pain and hyperalgesia (PubMed:10764638). Sensitized by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases, which involves PKC isozymes and PCL. Activation by vanilloids, like capsaicin, and temperatures higher than 42 degrees Celsius, exhibits a time- and Ca(2+)-dependent outward rectification, followed by a long-lasting refractory state. Mild extracellular acidic pH (6.5) potentiates channel activation by noxious heat and vanilloids, whereas acidic conditions (pH <6) directly activate the channel. Can be activated by endogenous compounds, including 12-hydroperoxytetraenoic acid and bradykinin. Acts as ionotropic endocannabinoid receptor with central neuromodulatory effects. Triggers a form of long-term depression (TRPV1-LTD) mediated by the endocannabinoid anandamine in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens by affecting AMPA receptors endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but lack behavorial and physiological responses to capsaicin and show impaired responses to noxious heat stimuli. Their dorsal root ganglion neurons do not display calcium channel activation in response to capsaicin or resiniferatoxin. Likewise, their dorsal root ganglion neurons do not display calcium channel activitation in response to low extracellular pH.
messages: Phosphorylation by PKA reverses capsaicin-induced dephosphorylation at multiple sites probably including Ser-117 as a major phosphorylation site. Phosphorylation by CAMKII seems to regulate binding to vanilloids. Phosphorylated and modulated by PRKCE, PRKCM and probably PRKCZ. Dephosphorylation by calcineurin seems to lead to receptor desensitization and phosphorylation by CAMKII recovers activity.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: The association domain (AD) is necessary for self-association.
messages: The channel is sensitized by ATP binding. Repeated stimulation with capsaicin gives rise to progressively smaller responses, due to desensitization. This desensitization is triggered by the influx of calcium ions and is inhibited by elevated ATP levels. Ca(2+) and CALM displace ATP from its binding site and trigger a conformation change that leads to a closed, desensitized channel. The double-knot toxin (DkTx) from the Chinese earth tiger tarantula activates the channel and traps it in an open conformation (By similarity). The Scolopendra mutilans RhTx toxin potentiates the heat activation pathway mediated by this channel by binding to the charge-rich outer pore region (in an activated state) (PubMed:26420335). Channel activity is activated via the interaction with PIRT and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). Both PIRT and PIP2 are required to activate channel activity. Intracellular PIP2 inhibits desensitization (By similarity).
messages: dendritic spine membrane

10090:Rpn2
gene id: 10090:Rpn2
uniprot id: Q9DBG6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SWP1 family.
messages: Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex (By similarity). OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits (By similarity). STT3A complex assembly occurs through the formation of 3 subcomplexes. Subcomplex 1 contains RPN1 and TMEM258, subcomplex 2 contains the STT3A-specific subunits STT3A, DC2/OSTC, and KCP2 as well as the core subunit OST4, and subcomplex 3 contains RPN2, DAD1, and OST48. The STT3A complex can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes. Interacts with DDI2 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM35A/NACHO (PubMed:32783947).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.

10090:Twsg1
gene id: 10090:Twsg1
uniprot id: Q9EP52
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the twisted gastrulation protein family.
messages: Embryonic lethality and sirenomelia were observed only in BMP null embryos in which one or two copies of TSG were also missing. When TSG and BMP7 are mutated, the siren phenotype results from the fusion of the limb buds in the ventroposterior midline owing to a paucity of posterior ventral mesoderm.
messages: Expressed at all embryonic stages examined. Expression was low and distribution was diffuse. At the primitive streak stage, detected in the extraembryonic region. Signal first appeared in the embryo during the neural plate stage. Stronger and more localized expression is seen after embryonic turning. Higher expression is seen in the branchial arch mesenchyme, the endoderm of the developing pharynx, all levels of the developing gut, the myotome compartment of the somites, and some regions of surface ectoderm. At 8.25 and 9.0 dpc expressed in head mesenchyme and ventral mesoderm.
messages: Expressed in lymph node, liver, kidney, and lung. Expression in the kidney was stronger in the medulla than in the cortex, particularly in the cells surrounding the medullary tubules. Expressed in growth plate cartilage of long bones, ribs, and digits and to a lesser extent also in the resting zone of the epiphysis, trabecular bone, and vertebral cartilage. Expression seems to be absent from other skeletal tissues including muscle, skin, and fibroblasts.
messages: Interacts with CHRD and/or BMP4. This interaction enhances CHRD/BMP4 complex formation. Interacts with BMP7.
messages: May be involved in dorsoventral axis formation. Seems to antagonize BMP signaling by forming ternary complexes with CHRD and BMPs, thereby preventing BMPs from binding to their receptors. In addition to the anti-BMP function, also has pro-BMP activity, partly mediated by cleavage and degradation of CHRD, which releases BMPs from ternary complexes. May be an important modulator of BMP-regulated cartilage development and chondrocyte differentiation. May play a role in thymocyte development.
messages: Secreted
messages: The N-terminal domain is sufficient to interact with BMP4.

10090:Efcab2
gene id: 10090:Efcab2
uniprot id: Q9CQ46
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DRC8 family.
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC), a key regulator of ciliary/flagellar motility which maintains the alignment and integrity of the distal axoneme and regulates microtubule sliding in motile axonemes.
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC).
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:N4bp1
gene id: 10090:N4bp1
uniprot id: Q6A037
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the N4BP1 family.
messages: Interacts with NEDD4 (PubMed:11717310). Interacts with ITCH (via WW domain 2) (PubMed:17592138).
messages: Mice are viable, fertile and grossly normal, but develop mild, age-dependent inflammation and immune dysregulation.
messages: Mono- and polyubiquitinated on the CoCUN region (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by NEDD4 (PubMed:11717310). Polyubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:20233849). Sumoylated with SUMO1, abrogating polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:20233849). Desumoylated by SENP1, leading to accumulation in PML nuclear bodies (PubMed:20233849).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Potent suppressor of cytokine production that acts as a regulator of innate immune signaling and inflammation (PubMed:32971525). Acts as a key negative regulator of select cytokine and chemokine responses elicited by TRIF-independent Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby limiting inflammatory cytokine responses to minor insults (PubMed:32971525). In response to more threatening pathogens, cleaved by CASP8 downstream of TLR3 or TLR4, leading to its inactivation, thereby allowing production of inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:32971525). Acts as a restriction factor against some viruses: restricts viral replication by binding to mRNA viruses and mediating their degradation via its ribonuclease activity (By similarity). Also acts as an inhibitor of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ITCH: acts by interacting with the second WW domain of ITCH, leading to compete with ITCH's substrates and impairing ubiquitination of substrates (PubMed:17592138).
messages: Proteolytic cleavage by CASP8 or MALT1 leads to its inactivation.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by CASP8 downstream of TLR3 or TLR4, leading to its inactivation (PubMed:32971525). Mainly cleaved at Asp-488 by CASP8 (PubMed:32971525). Cleaved by caspase-like protein MALT1, leading to its inactivation (By similarity).
messages: The CoCUN region mediates binding to ubiquitin. Does not interact with NEDD8.
messages: cytosol
messages: nucleolus

10090:Lhx3
gene id: 10090:Lhx3
uniprot id: A2ALD8
uniprot id: P50481
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed throughout pituitary development (PubMed:7811383, PubMed:7708713). Detected at 11 dpc in the primordium of the hypophysis (PubMed:7811383). Following a maximum between 12 dpc and 14 dpc, lower levels persisted into adulthood (PubMed:7811383, PubMed:7708713). Expressed at 11.5 dpc and 12.5 dpc in developing spinal cord, especially in motor neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:18539116).
messages: Interacts with POU1F1 (By similarity). At neuronal promoters, interacts with LDB1, in motor neurons LDB1 is displaced by ISL1 and a ternary complex is formed in which ISL1 contacts both LHX3 and LDB1; allosteric structural changes in the DNA binding domain of LHX3, induced by the ISL1-LHX3 interaction, may explain differences in sequence specificity of the different complexes (PubMed:12150931, PubMed:18583962, PubMed:18539116). Interacts with LDB2 (PubMed:9192866). May interact with CITED2/MRG1 (PubMed:10593900).
messages: Mostly expressed in the pituitary anterior and intermediate lobes (PubMed:7811383). It is also expressed in the pineal gland and transiently in the primordia of motor neurons including the spinal cord, pons and medulla oblongata (PubMed:7811383, PubMed:7708713).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The LIM domain specifically interacts with the POU1F1/Pit-1 POU domain and is required for synergistic interactions with POU1F1, but not for basal transcriptional activation events.
messages: Transcription factor (PubMed:18539116, PubMed:10593900, PubMed:12150931). Recognizes and binds to the consensus sequence motif 5'-AATTAATTA-3' in the regulatory elements of target genes, such as glycoprotein hormones alpha chain CGA and visual system homeobox CHX10, positively modulating transcription; transcription can be co-activated by LDB2 (PubMed:18539116, PubMed:10593900, PubMed:9192866). Synergistically enhances transcription from the prolactin promoter in cooperation with POU1F1/Pit-1 (PubMed:7708713). Required for the establishment of the specialized cells of the pituitary gland and the nervous system (By similarity). Involved in the development of interneurons and motor neurons in cooperation with LDB1 and ISL1 (PubMed:12150931, PubMed:18539116).

10090:Gins3
gene id: 10090:Gins3
uniprot id: Q9CY94
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GINS3/PSF3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the GINS complex which is a heterotetramer of GINS1, GINS2, GINS3 and GINS4. Forms a stable subcomplex with GINS2. GINS complex interacts with DNA primase in vitro. Component of the CMG helicase complex, a hexameric ring of related MCM2-7 subunits stabilized by CDC45 and the tetrameric GINS complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for correct functioning of the GINS complex, a complex that plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication, and progression of DNA replication forks. GINS complex is a core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built.

10090:Capzb
gene id: 10090:Capzb
uniprot id: P47757
uniprot id: Q923G3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein beta subunit family.
messages: F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments.
messages: F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments. Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization (By similarity). Forms, with CAPZB, the barbed end of the fast growing ends of actin filaments in the dynactin complex and stabilizes dynactin structure. The dynactin multiprotein complex activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Subunit of dynactin, a multiprotein complex part of a tripartite complex with dynein and a adapter, such as BICDL1, BICD2 or HOOK3. The dynactin complex is built around ACTR1A/ACTB filament and consists of an actin-related filament composed of a shoulder domain, a pointed end and a barbed end. Its length is defined by its flexible shoulder domain. The soulder is composed of 2 DCTN1 subunits, 4 DCTN2 and 2 DCTN3. The 4 DCNT2 (via N-terminus) bind the ACTR1A filament and act as molecular rulers to determine the length. The pointed end is important for binding dynein-dynactin cargo adapters. Consists of 4 subunits: ACTR10, DCNT4, DCTN5 and DCTN6. The barbed end is composed of a CAPZA1:CAPZB heterodimers, which binds ACTR1A/ACTB filament and dynactin and stabilizes dynactin (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGAP17. Interaction with RCSD1/CAPZIP. Component of the WASH complex, composed of F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha (CAPZA1, CAPZA2 or CAPZA3), F-actin-capping protein subunit beta (CAPZB), WASH (WASHC1, WASH2P, WASH3P, WASH4P, WASH5P or WASH6P), WASHC2 (WASHC2A or WASHC2C), WASHC3, WASHC4 and WASHC5. Interacts with ACTG1. Directly interacts with CRACD; this interaction decreases binding to actin (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 3 is first detected in testis 22 days after birth, coinciding with the first wave of round spermatid development. It is also detected on 30 and 60 days after birth.
messages: Isoform 3 is testis-specific and is present in round spermatids, but not in pachytene spermatocytes or Sertoli cells.
messages: Z line
messages: calyx
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: sarcomere

10090:Slc22a13
gene id: 10090:Slc22a13
uniprot id: Q6A4L0
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Anion antiporter that mediates the transport of orotate and nicotinate in exchange for organic or inorganic anions (PubMed:35144162). Translocates orotate across the apical membrane of proximal tubule epithelial cells. Possibly involved in orotate renal reabsorption and nicotinate intestinal reabsorption (PubMed:35144162). Orotate transport is Cl(-)-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: In contrast with human ortholog, not able to transport urate (PubMed:35144162).

10090:Ralgps2
gene id: 10090:Ralgps2
uniprot id: Q9ERD6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in brain and testis.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RALA. May be involved in cytoskeletal organization. May also be involved in the stimulation of transcription in a Ras-independent fashion.
messages: Interacts with RALA (By similarity). Interacts with the SH3 domains of GRB2 and PLCG1.
messages: The PH domain mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.

10090:Ncf2
gene id: 10090:Ncf2
uniprot id: O70145
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NCF2/NOXA1 family.
messages: Component of an NADPH oxidase complex composed of a heterodimer formed by the membrane proteins CYBA and CYBB and the cytosolic subunits NCF1, NCF2 and NCF4 (By similarity). Interacts with NCF4 (PubMed:21551061). Interacts (via the C-terminal SH3 domain) with NCF1 (via C-terminus). Interacts with SYTL1 and RAC1. May interact with NOXO1. Interacts with S100A8 and calprotectin (S100A8/9) (By similarity). Interacts with GBP7 (via GB1/RHD3-type G domain) (PubMed:21551061). Interacts with CYBB; the interaction is enhanced in the presence of GBP7 (PubMed:21551061).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: NCF2, NCF1, and a membrane bound cytochrome b558 are required for activation of the latent NADPH oxidase (necessary for superoxide production).
messages: The OPR/PB1 domain mediates the association with NCF4/p40-PHOX.

10090:Kcnj2
gene id: 10090:Kcnj2
uniprot id: P35561
uniprot id: Q543W5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ2 subfamily.
messages: Homomultimeric and heteromultimeric association with KCNJ4/Kir2.3. Association, via its PDZ-recognition domain, with LIN7A, LIN7B, LIN7C, DLG1, CASK and APBA1 plays a key role in its localization and trafficking (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probably participates in establishing action potential waveform and excitability of neuronal and muscle tissues. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. Can be blocked by extracellular barium and cesium.
messages: Prominently expressed in the central nervous system. Also found in other excitable tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: S-nitrosylation increases the open probability and inward rectifying currents.

10090:Ahsg
gene id: 10090:Ahsg
uniprot id: P29699
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fetuin family.
messages: Liver is the major site of synthesis, but fetuin is also expressed in limb buds and other extrahepatic tissues during development.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Probably involved in differentiation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mrtfb
gene id: 10090:Mrtfb
uniprot id: P59759
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor (SRF). Required for skeletal myogenic differentiation.
messages: Detected throughout the embryo at 10.5 dpc. High expression in epithelial cells of the lung, kidney, bladder, colon, testis, in the smooth muscle of the colon and small intestines, and in the mesenchymal cells adjacent to the olfactory epithelium at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with MRTFA and SRF.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: The N-terminal region is required for nuclear localization and the C-terminal region mediates transcriptional activity.
messages: Widely expressed. High expression in heart, brain and testis. Lower expression in lung, liver and kidney.

10090:Dennd1a
gene id: 10090:Dennd1a
uniprot id: Q8K382
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) regulating clathrin-mediated endocytosis through RAB35 activation. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound RAB35 into its active GTP-bound form. Regulates clathrin-mediated endocytosis of synaptic vesicles and mediates exit from early endosomes (PubMed:17182770, PubMed:20159556). Binds phosphatidylinositol-phosphates (PtdInsPs), with some preference for PtdIns(3)P (PubMed:20159556).
messages: Interacts with RAB35 (PubMed:20159556). Interacts with clathrin and with the adapter protein complex 2, AP-2 (By similarity). Interacts with ITSN1 and SH3GL2 (PubMed:17182770). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with YWHAE (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine in an Akt-dependent manner. Phosphorylation probably regulates the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity, possibly by disrupting an intramolecular interaction between the DENN domain and the C-terminus of the protein, thereby relieving the autoinhibition.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: The guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity is autoinhibited. Autoinhibition may be the result of intramolecular interaction between the DENN domain and the C-terminus, which is disrupted upon phosphorylation. Activation is regulated by Akt activation.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Ppp1r1a
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r1a
uniprot id: Q9ERT9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 family.
messages: Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1. This protein may be important in hormonal control of glycogen metabolism. Hormones that elevate intracellular cAMP increase I-1 activity in many tissues. I-1 activation may impose cAMP control over proteins that are not directly phosphorylated by PKA. Following a rise in intracellular calcium, I-1 is inactivated by calcineurin (or PP2B). Does not inhibit type-2 phosphatases.
messages: Interacts with PPP1R15A.
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-35 is required for activity.

10090:Snx33
gene id: 10090:Snx33
uniprot id: Q4VAA7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer (via BAR domain). Interacts with ADAM15. Interacts with FASLG. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with DNM1 and DNM2. Interacts with WASL (By similarity). Interacts with FCHSD1 (via the F-BAR domain) (PubMed:26567222).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Plays a role in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton, endocytosis and cellular vesicle trafficking via its interactions with membranes, WASL, DNM1 and DNM2. Acts both during interphase and at the end of mitotic cell divisions. Required for efficient progress through mitosis and cytokinesis. Required for normal formation of the cleavage furrow at the end of mitosis. Modulates endocytosis of cell-surface proteins, such as APP and PRNP; this then modulates the secretion of APP and PRNP peptides. Promotes membrane tubulation (in vitro). May promote the formation of macropinosomes (By similarity).
messages: The PX and BAR domains mediate association with membranes and are required for membrane tubulation.
messages: cytosol

10090:Casq2
gene id: 10090:Casq2
uniprot id: O09161
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calsequestrin family.
messages: Calsequestrin is a high-capacity, moderate affinity, calcium-binding protein and thus acts as an internal calcium store in muscle. Calcium ions are bound by clusters of acidic residues at the protein surface, especially at the interface between subunits. Can bind around 60 Ca(2+) ions. Regulates the release of lumenal Ca(2+) via the calcium release channel RYR2; this plays an important role in triggering muscle contraction. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart and in regulating the rate of heart beats.
messages: Detected in heart (at protein level). Detected in heart.
messages: Monomer, homodimer and homooligomer. Mostly monomeric in the absence of calcium. Forms higher oligomers in a calcium-dependent manner. Dimers associate to form tetramers, that then form linear homomer chains. Interacts with ASPH and TRDN (By similarity).
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and display normal sarcoplasmic calcium release and normal heart function under basal conditions, but have a slower heart rate. Mutant mice are subject to polymorphic arrhythmia after exercise and to catecholaminergic ventricular arrhythmia, and their myocytes show increased Ca(2+) release in response to isoproterenol. Besides, the volume of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum is increased, and it seems to lack visible content.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylation in the C-terminus moderately increases calcium buffering capacity.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen

10090:Rpap3
gene id: 10090:Rpap3
uniprot id: Q9D706
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RPAP3 family.
messages: Forms an interface between the RNA polymerase II enzyme and chaperone/scaffolding protein, suggesting that it is required to connect RNA polymerase II to regulators of protein complex formation.
messages: Tightly associated with the RNA polymerase II complex (By similarity). Component of the R2TP complex composed at least of RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIHD1 (By similarity). Component of the PAQosome complex which is responsible for the biogenesis of several protein complexes and which consists of R2TP complex members RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIH1D1, URI complex members PFDN2, PFDN6, PDRG1, UXT and URI1 as well as ASDURF, POLR2E and DNAAF10/WDR92 (By similarity). Interacts with PIH1D1 (By similarity). Interacts with TSC1 and TSC2 (By similarity). Interacts with PRPF8 and EFTUD2 in a ZNHIT2-dependent manner (By similarity).

10090:Adgrv1
gene id: 10090:Adgrv1
uniprot id: B8JJE0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Ciita
gene id: 10090:Ciita
uniprot id: P79621
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated, affecting interaction with TAF7.
messages: By IFNG and LPS (PubMed:32855215, PubMed:9184229). By STAT1 in the upper small intestine (PubMed:37327784).
messages: Detected at high levels in spleen and tonsil as well as in a number of B-lymphocyte cell lines, and at very low levels in dendritic cells.
messages: Essential for transcriptional activity of the HLA class II promoter; activation is via the proximal promoter (PubMed:37327784). Does not bind DNA (By similarity). May act in a coactivator-like fashion through protein-protein interactions by contacting factors binding to the proximal MHC class II promoter, to elements of the transcription machinery, or both (By similarity). Alternatively it may activate HLA class II transcription by modifying proteins that bind to the MHC class II promoter (By similarity). Also mediates enhanced MHC class I transcription, the promoter element requirements for CIITA-mediated transcription are distinct from those of constitutive MHC class I transcription, and CIITA can functionally replace TAF1 at these genes (By similarity). Activates CD74 transcription (PubMed:32855215). Exhibits intrinsic GTP-stimulated acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Exhibits serine/threonine protein kinase activity: phosphorylates the TFIID component TAF7, the RAP74 subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIF, histone H2B at 'Ser-37' and other histones (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at very high levels in dendritic cells, at very low levels in spleen and thymus and is not detected in other tissues.
messages: Interacts with ZXDA and ZXDC. Interacts with PML (isoform PML-2). Interacts with TAF7; interaction inhibits CIITA acetyltransferase activity, thereby repressing transcription.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: The GTP-binding motif doesn't confer GTPase activity but promotes nuclear localization.
messages: The acetyltransferase domain is necessary for activation of both class I and class II transcription.

10090:Tmem114
gene id: 10090:Tmem114
uniprot id: Q9D563
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed weakly in the eye from as early as 13.5 dpc, with ocular expression up-regulated postnatally. By 10 weeks, expressed strongly in the lens epithelial cells and weakly in lens fibers. In adult, expressed in eye, brain and testis.

10090:Abca3
gene id: 10090:Abca3
uniprot id: Q3TN91
uniprot id: Q6AXE3
uniprot id: Q8R420
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCA family.
messages: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent transport of phospholipids such as phosphatidylcholine and phosphoglycerol from the cytoplasm into the lumen side of lamellar bodies, in turn participates in the lamellar bodies biogenesis and homeostasis of pulmonary surfactant (PubMed:17577581, PubMed:17540762, PubMed:17267394, PubMed:17142808, PubMed:20190032, PubMed:28034695). Transports preferentially phosphatidylcholine containing short acyl chains (PubMed:17142808). In addition plays a role as an efflux transporter of miltefosine across macrophage membranes and free cholesterol (FC) through intralumenal vesicles by removing FC from the cell as a component of surfactant and protects cells from free cholesterol toxicity (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the lung and moderately expressed in the kidney, adipose, macrophage, and spleen.
messages: Homooligomer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for ABCA3 are die within one hour after birth (PubMed:17577581, PubMed:17540762, PubMed:17267394). Mice develop respiratory failure immediately after birth with clinical signs such as gasping, cyanosis, failure to achieve inflation of the lung as visible through the skin and reduced motor activity and (PubMed:17577581, PubMed:17142808, PubMed:17267394). Conditional knockout mice in which ABCA3 is deleted in alveolar type II cells die shortly after birth from respiratory distress related to surfactant deficiency but approximately 30% of these mice survive after birth and develop emphysema in the absence of significant pulmonary inflammation (PubMed:20190032).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Multifunctional polypeptide with two homologous halves, each containing a hydrophobic membrane-anchoring domain and an ATP binding cassette (ABC) domain.
messages: N-glycosylated. Localization at intracellular vesicles is accompanied by processing of oligosaccharide from high mannose type to complex type. N-linked glycosylation at Asn-124 and Asn-140 is required for stability and efficient anterograde trafficking and prevents from proteasomal degradation.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by CTSL and to a lower extent by CTSB within multivesicular bodies (MVB) and lamellar bodies (LB) leading to a mature form of 150 kDa.
messages: multivesicular body membrane

10090:Tmc6
gene id: 10090:Tmc6
uniprot id: B1ATB3
uniprot id: Q7TN60
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMC family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with CIB1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable ion channel.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Nat8f3
gene id: 10090:Nat8f3
uniprot id: Q9JIY8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the camello family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has histone acetyltransferase activity in vitro, with specificity for histone H4.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ldhb
gene id: 10090:Ldhb
uniprot id: A0A6I8MX27
uniprot id: P16125
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with PTEN upstream reading frame protein MP31; the interaction leads to inhibition of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase activity, preventing conversion of lactate to pyruvate in mitochondria.
messages: Interconverts simultaneously and stereospecifically pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD(+).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:F2rl1
gene id: 10090:F2rl1
uniprot id: P55086
uniprot id: Q3TU81
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A proteolytic cleavage generates a new N-terminus that functions as a tethered ligand. Activating serine proteases include trypsin, mast cell tryptase, coagulation factors VII and Xa, myeloblastin/PRTN3 and membrane-type serine protease 1/ST14. Proposed subsequent cleavage by serine proteases is leading to receptor deactivation and include neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G. At least in part, implicated proteases are also shown to activate the receptor; the glycosylation status of the receptor is thought to contribute to the difference.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Delayed onset of inflammation. Reduced progression of osteoarthritis, infectious colitis, allergic dermatitis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Upon induced allergic and toxic contact dermatitis ear swelling responses, plasma extravasation and leuocyte adherence are significantly attenuated. Upon ovalbumin (OA) sensitization and following challenge infiltration of eosinophils and increase of eotaxin content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are abrogated.
messages: Interacts with TLR4, COPS5 and TMED2 (By similarity). Interacts with GNAQ, GNA11, GNA12, GNA13 and GNA14.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monoubiquitinated by Cbl at the plasma membrane and in early endosomes; not required for receptor endocytosis but for translocation to late endosomes or lysosomes. Deubiquitination involves Stambp and Usp8; required for lysosomal trafficking and receptor degradation (By similarity).
messages: Multiple phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in the cytoplasmic region upon receptor activation; required for receptor desensitization and recruitment of beta-arrestin.
messages: N-glycosylated and sialylated.
messages: Receptor for trypsin and trypsin-like enzymes coupled to G proteins. Its function is mediated through the activation of several signaling pathways including phospholipase C (PLC), intracellular calcium, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB and Rho. Can also be transactivated by cleaved F2r/Par1. Involved in modulation of inflammatory responses and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity, and acts as a sensor for proteolytic enzymes generated during infection. Generally is promoting inflammation. Can signal synergistically with Tlr4 and probably Tlr2 in inflammatory responses and modulates Tlr3 signaling. Has a protective role in establishing the endothelial barrier; the activity involves coagulation factor X. Regulates endothelial cell barrier integrity during neutrophil extravasation, probably following proteolytic cleavage by PRTN3 (By similarity). Proposed to have a bronchoprotective role in airway epithelium, but also shown to compromise the airway epithelial barrier by interrupting E-cadherin adhesion. Involved in the regulation of vascular tone; activation results in hypotension presumably mediated by vasodilation. Associates with a subset of G proteins alpha subunits such as GNAQ, GNA11, GNA14, GNA12 and GNA13, but probably not with G(o)-alpha, G(i) subunit alpha-1 and G(i) subunit alpha-2. Believed to be a class B receptor which internalizes as a complex with arrestin and traffic with it to endosomal vesicles, presumably as desensitized receptor, for extended periods of time. Mediates inhibition of TNF-alpha stimulated JNK phosphorylation via coupling to GNAQ and GNA11; the function involves dissociation of Ripk1 and Tradd from Tnfr1. Mediates phosphorylation of nuclear factor NF-kappa-B RELA subunit at 'Ser-536'; the function involves Ikbkb and is predominantly independent of G proteins. Involved in cellular migration. Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement and chemotaxis through beta-arrestin-promoted scaffolds; the functio…
messages: Synthetic PAR agonist peptides (APs) that mimic the first six amino acids of the newly formed N-terminus activate the native, uncleaved receptor nonenzymatically by binding directly to the corresponding second extracellular loop to mediate signaling.

10090:Vstm4
gene id: 10090:Vstm4
uniprot id: T1NXB5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Peptide Lv enhances L-type voltage-gated calcium channel (L-VGCC) currents in retinal photoreceptors.
messages: Peptide Lv is widely expressed in various tissues and the central nervous system, including the retinal photoreceptor layer, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved to generate a bioactive peptide.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ttc23l
gene id: 10090:Ttc23l
uniprot id: A6H6E9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Midbody
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Or8u9
gene id: 10090:Or8u9
uniprot id: Q8VGR9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Tcf21
gene id: 10090:Tcf21
uniprot id: O35437
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms a heterodimer with TCF3 and binds the E box (5'-CANNTG-3').
messages: Expressed at high levels in lung, kidney, gut, heart, ovary and podocytes (visceral glomerular epithelial cells). Also found in spleen, large intestine, uterus, bladder and testis.
messages: Expressed during embryogenesis specifically in mesodermally-derived cells that surround the epithelium of the developing gastrointestinal, genitourinary, respiratory systems and in spiral septum of the heart and in epicardial precursor cells fated to form the coronary arteries. Expression pattern is sex- and stage-dependent during gonadogenesis. At 13.5 dpc expressed at higher levels in testis than ovary. In 3-month old adults expression drastically decreased in testis while it increased in ovary showing an opposite sex-dependent pattern in adults compared with fetuses. Expression in other organs was similar between the adults and the fetal stage.
messages: Involved in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in kidney and lung morphogenesis that include epithelial differentiation and branching morphogenesis. May be involved in the organogenesis of the spleen and heart and in cardiac and coronary artery development. May function in the development and sex differentiation of gonad via transcriptional regulation of AD4BP/SF-1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ints8
gene id: 10090:Ints8
uniprot id: Q80V86
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 8 family.
messages: Belongs to the multiprotein complex Integrator, at least composed of INTS1, INTS2, INTS3, INTS4, INTS5, INTS6, INTS7, INTS8, INTS9/RC74, INTS10, INTS11/CPSF3L and INTS12.
messages: Component of the Integrator complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in the brain at 14.5 dpc especially in the cortex ventricular zone and hindbrain.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pcgf2
gene id: 10090:Pcgf2
uniprot id: P23798
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Developmentally regulated.
messages: Exists as both a monomer and homodimer (PubMed:12480532). Component of a PRC1-like complex. Interacts with CBX8, RING1 and RNF2 (By similarity). Interacts with CBX7 (PubMed:22226355). Interacts with PHC2 (PubMed:16024804).
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem cells (PubMed:22226355). Expressed in a variety of tumor cells and in neural tissues (PubMed:2246278).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Homodimer formation is regulated by phosphorylation with only unphosphorylated proteins forming homodimers.
messages: Probably related to tumorigenesis since it is expressed strongly in most tumor cell lines.
messages: Transcriptional repressor (PubMed:8521824). Binds specifically to the DNA sequence 5'-GACTNGACT-3' (PubMed:8521824). Has tumor suppressor activity (PubMed:8521824). May play a role in control of cell proliferation and/or neural cell development (Probable). Regulates proliferation of early T progenitor cells by maintaining expression of HES1(PubMed:15728456). Also plays a role in antero-posterior specification of the axial skeleton and negative regulation of the self-renewal activity of hematopoietic stem cells (PubMed:8625838, PubMed:15183898). Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Within the PRC1-like complex, regulates RNF2 ubiquitin ligase activity (By similarity).

10090:Slc28a3
gene id: 10090:Slc28a3
uniprot id: Q9ERH8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) (TC 2.A.41) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Sodium-dependent, pyrimidine- and purine-selective (PubMed:11032837). Involved in the homeostasis of endogenous nucleosides (PubMed:11032837). Exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cib or N3 subtype (N3/cib) (with marked transport of both thymidine and inosine) (PubMed:11032837). Employs a 2:1 sodium/nucleoside ratio (PubMed:11032837). Also able to transport gemcitabine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), ribavirin and 3-deazauridine (By similarity).

10090:Clca4a
gene id: 10090:Clca4a
uniprot id: A0A5F8MQB6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CLCR family.

10090:Ythdf1
gene id: 10090:Ythdf1
uniprot id: P59326
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the YTHDF family. YTHDF1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In brain, preferentially expressed in the hippocampus.
messages: Interacts with CNOT1; promoting recruitment of the CCR4-NOT complex (By similarity). Interacts with ribosomes (By similarity). Interacts with eIF3 (EIF3A or EIF3B). Interacts with YTHDF3 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable and were born at the expected Mendelian ratio (PubMed:32943573). They however display learning and memory defects (PubMed:30401835). Mice develop normally up to four months of age and have normal gross hippocampal histology (PubMed:30401835). They however show learning and memory defects as well as impaired hippocampal synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation (PubMed:30401835). Hippocampal CA1 neurons show reduced dendritic spine density but unaltered spine size (PubMed:30401835). Conditional deletion in spinal commissural neurons results in pre-crossing axon guidance defects (PubMed:30843071). Knockout mice show an improved tumor control associated with increased infiltration of the tumor by T-cells, due to elevated antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell anti-tumor response (PubMed:30728504). Conditional deletion in myeloid dendritic cells causes increased cross-presentation of tumor antigens and the cross-priming of CD8(+) T-cells (PubMed:30728504). Mice lacking Ythdf1, Ythdf2 and Ythdf3 display early embryonic lethality and show defects in embryonic stem cell differentiation (PubMed:32943573).
messages: P-body
messages: Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing mRNAs, and regulates their stability (PubMed:30401835, PubMed:32943573). M6A is a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs and plays a role in mRNA stability and processing (PubMed:30401835, PubMed:32943573). Acts as a regulator of mRNA stability by promoting degradation of m6A-containing mRNAs via interaction with the CCR4-NOT complex (By similarity). The YTHDF paralogs (YTHDF1, YTHDF2 and YTHDF3) share m6A-containing mRNAs targets and act redundantly to mediate mRNA degradation and cellular differentiation (PubMed:32943573). Required to facilitate learning and memory formation in the hippocampus by binding to m6A-containing neuronal mRNAs (PubMed:30401835). Acts as a regulator of axon guidance by binding to m6A-containing ROBO3 transcripts (PubMed:30843071). Acts as a negative regulator of antigen cross-presentation in myeloid dendritic cells (PubMed:30728504). In the context of tumorigenesis, negative regulation of antigen cross-presentation limits the anti-tumor response by reducing efficiency of tumor-antigen cross-presentation (PubMed:30728504). Promotes formation of phase-separated membraneless compartments, such as P-bodies or stress granules, by undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation upon binding to mRNAs containing multiple m6A-modified residues: polymethylated mRNAs act as a multivalent scaffold for the binding of YTHDF proteins, juxtaposing their disordered regions and thereby leading to phase separation (By similarity). The resulting mRNA-YTHDF complexes then partition into different endogenous phase-separated membraneless compartments, such as P-bodies, stress granules or neuronal RNA granules (By similarity).
messages: Stress granule
messages: The disordered regions have the ability to interact with each other and to 'phase separate' into liquid droplets within the cytosol following binding to mRNAs containing multiple m6A-modified residues. This leads to the partition of m6A-containing mRNAs into membraneless compartments, where mRNAs may be stored, degraded or used to transport mRNAs to dendritic arbors in neurons.
messages: Was initially reported to act as a regulator of mRNA translation efficiency by promoting ribosome loading to m6A-containing mRNAs and by interacting with translation initiation factors eIF3 (EIF3A or EIF3B), thereby facilitating translation initiation (PubMed:30401835, PubMed:30728504, PubMed:30843071). These studies suggested that the 3 different paralogs (YTHDF1, YTHDF2 and YTHDF3) have unique functions with limited redundancy (PubMed:30401835, PubMed:30728504, PubMed:30843071). However, later studies showed that YTHDF1, YTHDF2 and YTHDF3 paralogs have redundant functions to a profound extent and directly promote degradation of m6A-containing mRNAs (PubMed:32943573). The effect on translation efficiency observed earlier is probably indirect (PubMed:32943573).

10090:Arl14
gene id: 10090:Arl14
uniprot id: S4R1T9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.

10090:Isg20
gene id: 10090:Isg20
uniprot id: Q9JL16
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with PML and SP100 in the PML NB complex. Associates with survival motor neuron protein (SMN)-containing macromolecular nuclear complexes and U1 and U2 snRNAs and U3 snoRNA (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Cajal body
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: ISG20-deletion mice exhibit higher mortality following vesicular stomatitis virus challenge (PubMed:31600344). They also show a slightly earlier onset of symptoms when infected with venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. However, weight loss and the median survival times for infected mice are essentially equivalent between the deletion mutant and the WT.
messages: Induced by interferons alpha and beta. Weaker induction was seen with interferon gamma. Increased expression was seen at the transcriptional level (By similarity).
messages: Interferon-induced antiviral exoribonuclease that acts mainly on single-stranded RNA. Inhibition of several viruses does not involve the degradation of viral RNAs, but rather the inhibition of translation of viral proteins (PubMed:30232164). Exerts a translational control over a large panel of non-self RNA substrates while sparing endogenous transcripts. This activity correlates with the protein's ability to localize in cytoplasmic processing bodies (PubMed:31600344). May also act as master regulator of over hundred interferon stimulated genes leading to viral genome translation inhibition (PubMed:30232164). May play additional roles in the maturation of snRNAs and rRNAs, and in ribosome biogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-body
messages: nucleolus

10090:Gtf2f2
gene id: 10090:Gtf2f2
uniprot id: Q3UMJ4
uniprot id: Q8R0A0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIF beta subunit family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Interacts with HTATSF1 and URI1 (By similarity). Interacts with GPBP1. Interacts with GTF2B (via N-terminus); this interaction is inhibited in presence of GTF2F1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: TFIIF is a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and helps to recruit it to the initiation complex in collaboration with TFIIB.

10090:Ifna4
gene id: 10090:Ifna4
uniprot id: P07351
uniprot id: Q540C2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ptgdr2
gene id: 10090:Ptgdr2
uniprot id: Q9Z2J6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice are fertile and grew normally. Ear-swelling responses induced by hapten-specific IgE are less pronounced in deficient mice, giving 35-55% of the responses of normal mice. The reduction in cutaneous responses is associated with decreased infiltration of lymphocytes, eosinophils, and basophils and decreased production of macrophage-derived chemokine and RANTES at inflammatory sites. In models of chronic contact hypersensitivity induced by repeated hapten application, CRTH2-deficient mice result in a reduction by approximately half of skin responses and low levels (63% of control) of serum IgE production.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Receptor for prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). Coupled to the G(i)-protein. Receptor activation may result in pertussis toxin-sensitive decreases in cAMP levels and Ca(2+) mobilization. PI3K signaling is also implicated in mediating PTGDR2 effects. PGD2 induced receptor internalization. CRTH2 internalization can be regulated by diverse kinases such as, PKC, PKA, GRK2, GPRK5/GRK5 and GRK6. Receptor activation is responsible, at least in part, in immune regulation and allergic/inflammation responses (By similarity).
messages: The 329-DSEL-332 motif is involved in the recycling of PTGDR2 to the cell surface after agonist-induced internalization. This motif seems to be required for GRK2 and GPRK5/GRK5 to promote agonist-induced internalization (By similarity). Thr-346 is a major site for PKC-induced internalization of the receptor (By similarity).

10090:Trim3
gene id: 10090:Trim3
uniprot id: Q3TDT0
uniprot id: Q9R1R2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays essential roles in neuronal functions such as regulation of neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory (PubMed:24086586, PubMed:26527743). In addition to its neuronal functions, participates in other biological processes such as innate immunity or cell cycle regulation (By similarity). Component of the cytoskeleton-associated recycling or transport complex in neurons, polyubiquitinates gamma-actin, thus regulating neuronal plasticity, learning, and memory (PubMed:26527743). Ubiquitinates postsynaptic scaffold GKAP, a neuronal substrate involved in synaptic remodeling and thereby modulates dendritic spine morphology (By similarity). Positively regulates motility of microtubule-dependent motor protein KIF21B (PubMed:24086586). Induces growth arrest via its RING-dependent E3 ligase activity and ubiquinates CDKN1A. Positively regulates TLR3-mediated signaling by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of TLR3 (PubMed:26527743). In turn, promotes the recognition and sorting of polyubiquitinated TLR3 by the ESCRT complexes (By similarity).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Forms homooligomers. Interacts with TRIM2; this interaction reduces TRIM2 activity (By similarity). Associates with myosin-Vb (MYO5B) and alpha-actinin-4 (ACTN4) (By similarity). Component of the CART complex, at least composed of ACTN4, HGS/HRS, MYO5B and TRIM3. Interacts with ZFYVE28/LST2 (By similarity). Interacts with KIF21B (PubMed:24086586).
messages: The interaction with MYO5B is dependent upon its NHL repeats, which form a beta-propeller (NHL) domain containing six blades.
messages: Trim3-knockout mice are viable, fertile and showed no obvious morphological abnormalities (PubMed:24086586). However, they display increased levels of gamma-actin at hippocampal synapses, resulting in higher spine densities, increased long-term potentiation, and enhanced short-term contextual fear memory consolidation (PubMed:26527743). In addition, they express lower levels of antiviral genes and show lower levels of inflammatory response following poly(I:C) but not lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (PubMed:32878999).
messages: dendrite
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Or13n4
gene id: 10090:Or13n4
uniprot id: Q920Z2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Crygs
gene id: 10090:Crygs
uniprot id: O35486
uniprot id: Q3UPY3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.
messages: Crystallins are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens.
messages: Has a two-domain beta-structure, folded into four very similar Greek key motifs.
messages: Monomer.

10090:Vmn1r42
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r42
uniprot id: Q05A83
uniprot id: Q8VBS7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Krit1
gene id: 10090:Krit1
uniprot id: Q6S5J6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At stage 9.5 dpc ubiquitously expressed, at 12.5 dpc expressed in structures of the CNS, especially in zones of the proliferative active ventricular zones of the brain and in the spinal cord. Expression increased in organs that were in the state of organ expansion like lung and liver. At 17.5 dpc, expression was strongly reduced in endoderm-derived tissues. In early postnatal development, strongly expressed in regions of ossification.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the CCM signaling pathway which is a crucial regulator of heart and vessel formation and integrity. Negative regulator of angiogenesis. Inhibits endothelial proliferation, apoptosis, migration, lumen formation and sprouting angiogenesis in primary endothelial cells. Promotes AKT phosphorylation in a NOTCH-dependent and independent manner, and inhibits ERK1/2 phosphorylation indirectly through activation of the DELTA-NOTCH cascade. Acts in concert with CDH5 to establish and maintain correct endothelial cell polarity and vascular lumen and these effects are mediated by recruitment and activation of the Par polarity complex and RAP1B. Required for the localization of phosphorylated PRKCZ, PARD3, TIAM1 and RAP1B to the cell junction, and cell junction stabilization. Plays a role in integrin signaling via its interaction with ITGB1BP1; this prevents the interaction between ITGB1 and ITGB1BP1. Microtubule-associated protein that binds to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)-containing membranes in a GTP-bound RAP1-dependent manner (By similarity). Plays an important role in the maintenance of the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis to prevent oxidative cellular damage. Regulates the homeostasis of intracellular ROS through an antioxidant pathway involving FOXO1 and SOD2. Facilitates the down-regulation of cyclin-D1 (CCND1) levels required for cell transition from proliferative growth to quiescence by preventing the accumulation of intracellular ROS through the modulation of FOXO1 and SOD2 levels. May play a role in the regulation of macroautophagy through the down-regulation of the mTOR pathway (PubMed:26417067).
messages: Contains 4 ANK repeats that precede the FERM domain.
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, thymus, kidney and testis. Isoform 2 was more frequently expressed in the thymus than isoform 1.
messages: Found in a complex, at least composed of ITGB1BP1, KRIT1 and RAP1A. Interacts (via C-terminus FERM domain) with RAP1A (active GTP-bound form preferentially); the interaction does not induce the opening conformation of KRIT1. Interacts (via N-terminus NPXY motif) with ITGB1BP1; the interaction induces the opening conformation of KRIT1 and competes with ITGB1 for ITGB1BP1 interaction. Associates (via N-terminus and C-terminus regions) with microtubules; the interaction is inhibited in presence of ITGB1BP1 and active GTP-bound RAP1A. Interacts (via FERM domain) with RAP1B. Interacts with CDH5. Interacts with RAP1A (By similarity). Interacts with HEG1 and CCM2; greatly facilitates CCM2-binding to HEG1 (PubMed:19151727).
messages: The FERM domain mediates binding to RAP1A and RAP1B and is necessary for binding to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2).
messages: The N-terminal domain has structural similarity to the nudix hydrolase domain, despite the absence of a nudix box and low sequence similarity with nudix hydrolase domains. The N-terminus and the C-terminus part associate together via the NPAY binding motif and adopt a lose conformation that is disrupted by ITGB1BP1, but not by RAP1A.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mfap3l
gene id: 10090:Mfap3l
uniprot id: Q9D3X9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A protein kinase activity has been reported however PROSITE, Pfam do not detect a protein kinase domain. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May participate in the nuclear signaling of EGFR and MAPK1/ERK2.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dusp29
gene id: 10090:Dusp29
uniprot id: Q8BK84
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletion of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) H19 leads to a decreased DUSP29 expression in muscle (at protein level). Down-regulated in muscle of high-fat diets-induced glucose-intolerant mice (PubMed:30201684). Induced during neurogenic skeletal muscle atrophy (PubMed:32639872).
messages: Dual specificity phosphatase able to dephosphorylate phosphotyrosine, phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues within the same substrate, with a preference for phosphotyrosine as a substrate (By similarity). Involved in the modulation of intracellular signaling cascades. In skeletal muscle regulates systemic glucose homeostasis by activating, AMPK, an energy sensor protein kinase (PubMed:30201684). Affects MAP kinase signaling though modulation of the MAPK1/2 cascade in skeletal muscle promoting muscle cell differentiation, development and atrophy (PubMed:32639872).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with PRKAA2 (PubMed:30201684).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue.
messages: Up-regulated during muscle cell differentiation.

10090:Hrg
gene id: 10090:Hrg
uniprot id: Q9ESB3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in liver, blood plasma, serum and in platelets. Also present in fibrin clots, wound fluid from acute wounds and chronic leg ulcers.
messages: Interacts with THBS1 (via the TSP type I repeats); the interaction blocks the antiangiogenic effect of THBS1 with CD36. Interacts with HPSE; the interaction is enhanced at acidic pH, partially inhibits binding of HPSE to cell surface receptors and modulates its enzymatic activity. Interacts (via the HRR domain) with TMP1; the interaction partially mediates the antiangiogenic properties of HRG. Interacts with kappa and lambda light chains of IgG molecules. Interacts with ATP5F1A; the interaction occurs on the surface of T-cells and alters their cell morphology in concert with CONA. Binds IgG molecules containing kappa and lambda light chains and inhibits the formation of insoluble immunoglobulin complexes. Interacts with F12; the interaction, which is enhanced in the presence of zinc ions and inhibited by heparin-binding to HRG, inhibits factor XII autoactivation and contact-initiated coagulation (By similarity). Interacts with PLG (via its Kringle domains); the interaction tethers PLG to the cell surface and enhances its activation. Interacts (via the HRR domain) with TPM1; the interaction appears to contribute to the antiangiogenic properties of the HRR domain (By similarity). Interacts with THBS2; the interaction blocks the antiangiogenic effect of THBS2 with CD36.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Null mice are viable and fertile, but have enhanced coagulation resulting in decreased bleeding times. The observed enhanced platelet activation mediates the accelerated angiogenic switch. Also enhanced fibrinolysis. Animals are unprotected against Candida fungal infection. Also shows larger tumor volume in cancerous state, an excessive stimulation of tumor angiogenesis, a suppression of tumor immune respons and an increased tumor growth and metastatic spread.
messages: Plasma glycoprotein that binds a number of ligands such as heme, heparin, heparan sulfate, thrombospondin, plasminogen, and divalent metal ions. Binds heparin and heparin/glycosaminoglycans in a zinc-dependent manner. Binds heparan sulfate on the surface of liver, lung, kidney and heart endothelial cells. Binds to N-sulfated polysaccharide chains on the surface of liver endothelial cells. Inhibits rosette formation. Acts as an adapter protein and is implicated in regulating many processes such as immune complex and pathogen clearance, cell chemotaxis, cell adhesion, angiogenesis, coagulation and fibrinolysis. Mediates clearance of necrotic cells through enhancing the phagocytosis of necrotic cells in a heparan sulfate-dependent pathway. This process can be regulated by the presence of certain HRG ligands such as heparin and zinc ions. Binds to IgG subclasses of immunoglobins containing kappa and lambda light chains with different affinities regulating their clearance and inhibiting the formation of insoluble immune complexes. Tethers plasminogen to the cell surface. Binds T-cells and alters the cell morphology. Acts as a regulator of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway; inhibits endothelial cell motility by reducing VEGF-induced complex formation between PXN/paxillin and ILK/integrin-linked protein kinase and by promoting inhibition of VEGF-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinases and alpha-actinins in endothelial cells. Also plays a role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and tumor immune surveillance. Normalizes tumor vessels and promotes antitumor immunity by polarizing tumor-associated macrophages, leading to decreased tumor growth and metastasis (By similarity). Modulates angiogenesis by blocking the CD6-mediated antiangiongenic effect of thrombospondins, THBS1 and THBS2.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage produces several HRG fragments which are mostly disulfide-linked and, therefore, not released. Cleavage by plasmin is inhibited in the presence of heparin, zinc ions or in an acidic environment. Cleavage reduces binding of HRG to heparan sulfate, but enhances the ability of HRG to bind and tether plasminogen to the cell surface. On platelet activation, releases a 33 kDa antiangiogenic peptide which encompasses the HRR. Also cleaved in the C-terminal by plasmin (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The His-rich (HRR) region contains approximately 12 tandem internal repeats of the 5-residue G[H/P][H/P]PH consensus sequence. HRR binds heparan sulfate and possesses antiangiogenic, antibacterial and antifungal properties through binding Candida cells, and preferentially lysing the ergosterol-containing liposomes at low pH. The tandem repeats also bind divalent metal ions and heme.
messages: The cystatin domains can also bind heparan sulfate. Binding is enhanced in the presence of zinc ions (By similarity).

10090:Or8b39
gene id: 10090:Or8b39
uniprot id: Q9EQA6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ctsw
gene id: 10090:Ctsw
uniprot id: P56203
uniprot id: Q8C2M0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May have a specific function in the mechanism or regulation of T-cell cytolytic activity.

10090:Ywhaq
gene id: 10090:Ywhaq
uniprot id: A3KML3
uniprot id: P68254
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negatively regulates the kinase activity of PDPK1 (By similarity).
messages: Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner. Negatively regulates the kinase activity of PDPK1.
messages: Belongs to the 14-3-3 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with CDKN1B ('Thr-198' phosphorylated form); the interaction translocates CDKN1B to the cytoplasm. Interacts with SSH1 (By similarity). Interacts with GAB2. Interacts with RGS7 (phosphorylated form) (By similarity). Interacts with CDK16 (PubMed:9197417). Interacts with the 'Ser-241' phosphorylated form of PDPK1 (By similarity). Interacts with the 'Thr-369' phosphorylated form of DAPK2 (PubMed:26047703). Interacts with PI4KB, TBC1D22A and TBC1D22B (By similarity). Interacts with SLITRK1 (By similarity). Interacts with RIPOR2 (By similarity). Interacts with INAVA; the interaction increases upon PRR (pattern recognition receptor) stimulation and is required for cellular signaling pathway activation and cytokine secretion (By similarity). Interacts with MARK2, MARK3 and MARK4 (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV (By similarity).

10090:Ptpn21
gene id: 10090:Ptpn21
uniprot id: G5E8J4
uniprot id: Q4KML9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Vmn2r23
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r23
uniprot id: E9PXI5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Etl4
gene id: 10090:Etl4
uniprot id: A2AQ25
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in the notochord and mesonephros during embryogenesis as well as in other areas such as the epithalamus sulcus, lens vesicle, inner retinal layer, heart, hepatic primordial surface, infundibulum, surface ectoderm, hind gut and limb bud mesenchyme. In adults, expressed in a range of tissues including the nucleus pulposus, corpus callosum, kidney, cardiac muscle, Sertoli cells and hair follicles.
messages: Interacts with CPNE4 (via VWFA domain) (PubMed:12522145).
messages: Mice display a kinky-tail phenotype in about half of homozygotes with defects in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of intertebral disks. Shortening and curving of caudal vertebrae 20-25 is apparent by the age of 2 weeks.
messages: Required for normal development of intervertebral disks.
messages: centrosome

10090:Ints12
gene id: 10090:Ints12
uniprot id: Q9D168
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 12 family.
messages: Belongs to the multiprotein complex Integrator, at least composed of INTS1, INTS2, INTS3, INTS4, INTS5, INTS6, INTS7, INTS8, INTS9/RC74, INTS10, INTS11/CPSF3L and INTS12.
messages: Component of the Integrator complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes. Mediates recruitment of cytoplasmic dynein to the nuclear envelope, probably as component of the INT complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or13a18
gene id: 10090:Or13a18
uniprot id: Q8VGJ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Brs3
gene id: 10090:Brs3
uniprot id: O54798
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with C6orf89.
messages: Role in sperm cell division, maturation, or function. This receptor mediates its action by association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

10090:Lgmn
gene id: 10090:Lgmn
uniprot id: A2RTI3
uniprot id: O89017
uniprot id: Q3UE99
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by autocatalytic processing at pH 4.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C13 family.
messages: Detected in kidney proximal tubules (at protein level). Ubiquitous. Particularly abundant in kidney and placenta.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Has a strict specificity for hydrolysis of asparaginyl bonds (PubMed:24407422, PubMed:9742219, PubMed:9891971). Can also cleave aspartyl bonds slowly, especially under acidic conditions (PubMed:24407422, PubMed:9742219, PubMed:9891971). Involved in the processing of proteins for MHC class II antigen presentation in the lysosomal/endosomal system (By similarity). Also involved in MHC class I antigen presentation in cross-presenting dendritic cells by mediating cleavage and maturation of Perforin-2 (MPEG1), thereby promoting antigen translocation in the cytosol (PubMed:37347855). Required for normal lysosomal protein degradation in renal proximal tubules (PubMed:17350006, PubMed:21292981). Required for normal degradation of internalized EGFR (PubMed:21292981). Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation via its role in EGFR degradation (PubMed:21292981).
messages: Homodimer before autocatalytic removal of the propeptide (PubMed:24407422). Monomer after autocatalytic processing (PubMed:24407422). May interact with integrins (By similarity).
messages: In the zymogen form, the uncleaved propeptide blocks access to the active site.
messages: Inhibited by cystatin-C.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Young mice initially display no obvious phenotype, but fail to gain weight normally. Mutant mice display pale kidneys with abnormal proliferation of proximal tubule cells, proximal tubule hyperplasia and develop kidney interstitium fibrosis. After 6 months, mutant mice display a decreased glomerular filtration rate, increased plasma creatinine levels and proteinuria. Glomerular lysosomes do not show a generalized defect in protein catabolism. Instead they show defects in the degradation of a set of target proteins, including EGFR.

10090:Gtsf1l
gene id: 10090:Gtsf1l
uniprot id: Q9CWD0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0224 (FAM112) family.

10090:Elk4
gene id: 10090:Elk4
uniprot id: P41158
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Interacts with SIRT7.
messages: Involved in both transcriptional activation and repression. Interaction with SIRT7 leads to recruitment and stabilization of SIRT7 at promoters, followed by deacetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-18' (H3K18Ac) and subsequent transcription repression. Forms a ternary complex with the serum response factor (SRF). Requires DNA-bound SRF for ternary complex formation and makes extensive DNA contacts to the 5'side of SRF, but does not bind DNA autonomously (By similarity).
messages: Lung and liver.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Galnt11
gene id: 10090:Galnt11
uniprot id: Q921L8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 8.0 dpc, present in the left-right organiser (LRO) node, with enrichment in crown cells compared to pit cells (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with NOTCH1.
messages: Mainly expressed in kidney. Weakly expressed in other tissues.
messages: Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase that catalyzes the initiation of protein O-linked glycosylation and is involved in left/right asymmetry by mediating O-glycosylation of NOTCH1. O-glycosylation of NOTCH1 promotes activation of NOTCH1, modulating the balance between motile and immotile (sensory) cilia at the left-right organiser (LRO). Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases catalyze the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Displays the same enzyme activity toward MUC1, MUC4, and EA2 than GALNT1. Not involved in glycosylation of erythropoietin (EPO) (By similarity).
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Anxa13
gene id: 10090:Anxa13
uniprot id: Q99JG3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylserine or phosphatidylglycerol in a calcium-dependent manner. Half-maximal membrane binding requires about 60 uM calcium. Does not bind to membranes that lack phospholipids with an acidic headgroup.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Detected on the tips of microvilli in small intestine (at protein level).
messages: Monomer and homodimer.

10090:Klhl10
gene id: 10090:Klhl10
uniprot id: Q9D5V2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Does not seem to associate with actin.
messages: Expressed in elongating and elongated spermatids (steps 9-16).
messages: Heterozygous males are completely infertile because of disrupted spermiogenesis characterized by asynchronous spermatid maturation, degeneration of late spermatids, sloughing of postmeiotic germ cells from the seminiferous epithelium, and marked reduction in the numbers of late spermatids.
messages: May be a substrate-specific adapter of a CUL3-based E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins during spermatogenesis. Required for male fertility.
messages: Self-associates (By similarity). Interacts with CUL3; indicative for the participation in an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.
messages: Testis specific.

10090:Aff4
gene id: 10090:Aff4
uniprot id: Q9ESC8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AF4 family.
messages: Component of the super elongation complex (SEC), at least composed of EAF1, EAF2, CDK9, MLLT3/AF9, AFF (AFF1 or AFF4), the P-TEFb complex and ELL (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3). Interacts with ELL2; the interaction is direct and leads to stabilize ELL2 and prevent ELL2 ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Interacts with ELL3; the interaction is direct.
messages: Expressed throughout embryogenesis with maximum expression at 10.5 and 12.5 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in testis by Sertoli cells, and at low levels in other tissues.
messages: Key component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. In the SEC complex, AFF4 acts as a central scaffold that recruits other factors through direct interactions with ELL proteins (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3) and the P-TEFb complex. In case of infection by HIV-1 virus, the SEC complex is recruited by the viral Tat protein to stimulate viral gene expression (By similarity).
messages: Mice are infertile with azoospermia. Spermatogenesis is arrested at the level of spermiogenesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp213
gene id: 10090:Zfp213
uniprot id: E9QAW0
uniprot id: Q3UGD5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tsnax
gene id: 10090:Tsnax
uniprot id: Q9QZE7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts in combination with TSN as an endonuclease involved in the activation of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). Possible role in spermatogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the translin family.
messages: Detected in heart, brain, lung, liver, kidney and testis.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ring-shaped heterooctamer of six TSN and two TSNAX subunits. Interacts with GOLGA3, TSNAXIP1, SUN1 and AKAP9. Interacts with the homodimeric form of C1D following gamma-radiation. Interacts with TSN and C1D in a mutually exclusive manner (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Syt1
gene id: 10090:Syt1
uniprot id: H6RXZ1
uniprot id: P46096
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domains.
messages: Calcium sensor that participates in triggering neurotransmitter release at the synapse (PubMed:11242035). May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse (PubMed:7961887). It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone. A Ca(2+)-dependent interaction between synaptotagmin and putative receptors for activated protein kinase C has also been reported. It can bind to at least three additional proteins in a Ca(2+)-independent manner; these are neurexins, syntaxin and AP2. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in the brain at 18 days post coitum (dpc) (at protein level). Expression increases after birth, with expression increasing till adulthood.
messages: Expressed in the brain and adrenal medulla (at protein level).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homotetramer (Probable). Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with SYT2 in presence of calcium (By similarity). Interacts with SCAMP5 (By similarity). Interacts with STON2 (By similarity). Forms a complex with SV2B, syntaxin 1 and SNAP25 (PubMed:15466855). Interacts with SV2A, SV2B and SV2C (By similarity). Interacts with RIMS1 (By similarity). Interacts with PRRT2 (PubMed:27052163). Interacts with DNAJC5 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with RAB3A (By similarity). Interacts with SYT12 (By similarity). Interacts with calmodulin (By similarity).
messages: May have a regulatory role in the membrane interactions during trafficking of synaptic vesicles at the active zone of the synapse. It binds acidic phospholipids with a specificity that requires the presence of both an acidic head group and a diacyl backbone.
messages: The first C2 domain mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding.
messages: The second C2 domain mediates interaction with SV2A and probably with STN2.
messages: chromaffin granule membrane
messages: secretory vesicle membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Ifit3
gene id: 10090:Ifit3
uniprot id: Q64345
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IFIT family.
messages: Component of an interferon-dependent multiprotein complex, at least composed of IFIT1, IFIT2 and IFIT3 (By similarity). Interacts with IFIT1 and IFIT2 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with MAVS, TBK1, TRAF6 and RIGI (By similarity). Interacts with COPS5 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: IFN-induced antiviral protein which acts as an inhibitor of cellular as well as viral processes, cell migration, proliferation, signaling, and viral replication. Enhances MAVS-mediated host antiviral responses by serving as an adapter bridging TBK1 to MAVS which leads to the activation of TBK1 and phosphorylation of IRF3 and phosphorylated IRF3 translocates into nucleus to promote antiviral gene transcription. Exhibits an antiproliferative activity via the up-regulation of cell cycle negative regulators CDKN1A/p21 and CDKN1B/p27. Normally, CDKN1B/p27 turnover is regulated by COPS5, which binds CDKN1B/p27 in the nucleus and exports it to the cytoplasm for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. IFIT3 sequesters COPS5 in the cytoplasm, thereby increasing nuclear CDKN1B/p27 protein levels. Up-regulates CDKN1A/p21 by down-regulating MYC, a repressor of CDKN1A/p21. Can negatively regulate the apoptotic effects of IFIT2 (By similarity).
messages: Induced by T.gondii infection in the testes and uterus.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Timd4
gene id: 10090:Timd4
uniprot id: Q6U7R4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the T-cell and airway phenotype regulator (Tapr) locus, a single chromosomal region that confers reduced T-helper type 2 responsiveness and protects against airway hyperactivity (AHR), the hallmark of human asthma.
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. TIM family.
messages: Deletion mice maintained on methionine and choline-deficient diet exhibit significantly more obvious inflammation and severe lipid accumulation.
messages: Down-regulated in lymphotoxin deficient mice.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Low expression of Timd4 is associated with lymphotoxin deficiency.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphatidylserine receptor that plays different role in immune response including phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and T-cell regulation (PubMed:17960135). Controls T-cell activation in a bimodal fashion, decreasing the activation of naive T-cells by inducing cell cycle arrest, while increasing proliferation of activated T-cells by activating AKT1 and ERK1/2 phosphorylations and subsequent signaling pathways. Also plays a role in efferocytosis which is the process by which apoptotic cells are removed by phagocytic cells (PubMed:18354194, PubMed:18367551). Mechanistically, promotes the engulfment of apoptotic cells or exogenous particles by securing them to phagocytes through direct binding to phosphatidylserine present on apoptotic cells, while other engulfment receptors such as MERTK efficiently recognize apoptotic cells and mediate their ingestion (By similarity). Additionally, promotes autophagy process by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activity via activation of STK11/PRKAA1 pathway in a phosphatidylserine-dependent mechanism (PubMed:31263038).
messages: Predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues, such as spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer patches. Also expressed in fetal liver, salivary gland, and spleen stromal cells, predominantly in the marginal zone and to a lesser extent throughout the white pulp. Not expressed in bone marrow-derived cells. Expressed mainly by antigen presenting cells (APCs) in T- and B-cell areas, but not by T- or B-lymphocytes.

10090:Pdzd7
gene id: 10090:Pdzd7
uniprot id: E9Q9W7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in adult cochlea and retina.
messages: Expressed in adult cochlea but not in developing cochlea or retina.
messages: Expressed in developing and adult cochlea and retina.
messages: Expressed in developing and adult cochlea but not retina.
messages: Expressed in retina and developing cochlea but not adult cochlea.
messages: Homodimerizes (via PDZ2 domain) (PubMed:25406310). Component of USH2 complex, composed of ADGRV1, PDZD7, USH2A and WHRN (PubMed:25406310). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with WHRN; the interaction is direct (PubMed:25406310). Interacts with USH1G (By similarity). Interacts with ADGRV1 (via the cytoplasmic region) (PubMed:24962568, PubMed:23055499). Interacts with USH2A (via the cytoplasmic region) (PubMed:23055499). Interacts with MYO7A (via MyTH4-FERM domains) (PubMed:27525485).
messages: In cochlea hair cells, only isoforms 1, 2 and 4 are expressed at P5. At P24, isoforms 1, 2, 3 and 5 are expressed.
messages: In cochlear developing hair cells, essential in organizing the USH2 complex at stereocilia ankle links (PubMed:24334608). Blocks inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity mediated by ADGRV1 (PubMed:24962568).
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed in developing and adult cochlea but not retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 2 is expressed in developing and adult cochlea and retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 3 is expressed in adult cochlea and retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 4 is expressed in retina and developing cochlea but not adult cochlea (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 5 is expressed in adult cochlea but not in developing cochlea or retina (PubMed:24334608).
messages: Mutant mice exhibit congenital profound deafness and normal vestibular function. They show disorganized stereocilia bundles with a reduction in mechanotransduction currents and sensitivity in cochlear outer cells (PubMed:24334608). Knockout mice have normal vision function from rod and cone photoreceptors (PubMed:24334608).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cilium
messages: stereocilium

10090:Fech
gene id: 10090:Fech
uniprot id: P22315
uniprot id: Q4QRK2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ferrochelatase family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster.
messages: Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX.
messages: Defects in Fech are the cause of a viable autosomal recessive mutation (named Fechm1Pas or Fch) that causes jaundice and anemia.
messages: During erythroid differentiation.
messages: Erythroid and hepatic cells.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interaction with PGRMC1; the interaction results in decreased FECH activity (PubMed:27599036). Interacts with ABCB10 and SLC25A37; this interaction forms an oligomeric complex (PubMed:20427704). Forms a complex with ABCB7 and ABCB10, where a dimeric FECH bridges ABCB7 and ABCB10 homodimers; this complex may be required for cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with ABCB7 and ABCB10 (PubMed:30765471).
messages: Inhibited by nitric oxide (NO). The 2Fe-2S cluster could act as a NO sensor (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Exog
gene id: 10090:Exog
uniprot id: Q8C163
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease family.
messages: Endo/exonuclease with nicking activity towards supercoiled DNA, a preference for single-stranded DNA and 5'-3' exonuclease activity.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The active site contains 1 hydrated divalent metal cation that has only 1 direct interaction with the protein; all other interactions are via water molecules.

10090:Myl1
gene id: 10090:Myl1
uniprot id: P05977
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Isoform MLC3 is acetylated at position 2.
messages: Myosin is a hexamer of 2 heavy chains and 4 light chains. Does not bind calcium.
messages: Non-regulatory myosin light chain required for proper formation and/or maintenance of myofibers, and thus appropriate muscle function.

10090:Pcbp1
gene id: 10090:Pcbp1
uniprot id: P60335
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality in the peri-implantation stage (between dpc 4.5 and dpc 8.5) (PubMed:26527618). Conditional deletion in the erythroid lineage is not lethal and does not lead to defects in the hematopoietic pathway (PubMed:34180713). Mice lacking Pcbp1 and Pcbp2 in the erythroid lineage die at midgestation; lethality is caused by impaired erythroid development and loss of blood formation (PubMed:34180713).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated; lowers poly(rC)-binding activity.
messages: Single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that binds preferentially to oligo dC (By similarity). Together with PCBP2, required for erythropoiesis, possibly by regulating mRNA splicing (PubMed:34180713).

10090:Mbp
gene id: 10090:Mbp
uniprot id: P04370
uniprot id: Q3UGF3
uniprot id: Q542T4
uniprot id: Q5D096
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As in other animals, several charge isomers may be produced as a result of optional post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues, deamidation of glutamine or asparagine residues, citrullination and methylation of arginine residues.
messages: Belongs to the myelin basic protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Mbp are a cause of dysmyelinating diseases such as the shiverer (SHI) and myelin deficient (MLD) diseases characterized by decreased myelination in the CNS, tremors, and convulsions of progressively increasing severity leading to early death. The shiverer mice only express isoform 2, the MLD mice have a reduced amount of Mbp.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the embryo, isoform 1-isoform 3 are found in neurons within the central nervous system (primarily in pioneer neurons important in the formation of the cortex) and the peripheral nervous system. They are also expressed in the thymus, gut, lung and kidney. In the adult, isoform 1-isoform 3 are highly expressed in the brain (mainly in brain regions rich in oligodendrocytes) and spleen. Lower levels are seen in the heart, kidney and lung. Isoform 2 is also found in cells of the immune system. The isoforms missing the 134 first amino acids (isoform 4-isoform 13) are almost exclusively produced in the myelin-forming cells, the mature oligodendrocytes.
messages: Methylated on arginine residues; decreases with the age of the animal, making MBP more cationic.
messages: Myelin membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TAOK2, VRK2, MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK14 and MINK1.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved in B cell lysosomes by cathepsin CTSG which degrades the major immunogenic MBP epitope and prevents the activation of MBP-specific autoreactive T cells.
messages: The classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 4-isoform 13) are with PLP the most abundant protein components of the myelin membrane in the CNS. They have a role in both its formation and stabilization. The non-classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 1-isoform 3/Golli-MBPs) may preferentially have a role in the early developing brain long before myelination, maybe as components of transcriptional complexes, and may also be involved in signaling pathways in T-cells and neural cells. Differential splicing events combined to optional post-translational modifications give a wide spectrum of isomers, with each of them potentially having a specialized function.
messages: The differential expression of MBP isoforms is developmentally regulated. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are first expressed during embryonic stages (as early as at embryonic day 11.5), expression of isoform 1 is turned on shortly after birth. Expression of the isoforms missing the 134 first amino acids occurs later, presumably as the oligodendrocytes approach their terminally differentiated state.

10090:Hmx1
gene id: 10090:Hmx1
uniprot id: O70218
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMX homeobox family.
messages: DNA-binding protein that binds to the 5'-CAAG-3' core sequence. May function as a transcriptional repressor. Seems to act as a transcriptional antagonist of NKX2-5. May play an important role in the development of craniofacial structures such as the eye and ear.
messages: Expressed in neural crest-derived tissues, including, nerve ganglia and cranial mesenchyme.
messages: Nucleus
messages: On 9.5 dpc expressed in the trigeminal (V) ganglion. On 10.5-11 dpc, expressed in the eye, second branchial arch and the dorsal root ganglion. On 11.5-12 dpc, expressed in the lens and neural epithelium of the eye. On 14-16 dpc, expressed in the sympathetic ganglon and dorso-lateral mesenchyme near the developing ear.

10090:Tmem200c
gene id: 10090:Tmem200c
uniprot id: J3QK46
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM200 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Lhx2
gene id: 10090:Lhx2
uniprot id: F6Z9H5
uniprot id: Q543C6
uniprot id: Q9Z0S2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator. Stimulates the promoter of the alpha-glycoprotein gene. Transcriptional regulatory protein involved in the control of cell differentiation in developing lymphoid and neural cell types.
messages: Interacts (via LIM domains) with CITED2 (PubMed:10593900). Interacts with POU4F2 isoform 1 (PubMed:24643061).
messages: LIM domains are necessary for transcription activation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bace2
gene id: 10090:Bace2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0I8
uniprot id: Q9JL18
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endosome
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: High expression in pancreatic islets. Expressed at much lower levels in the pituitary, colon, and ovaries and is nearly absent from all the other tissues.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Interacts with RTN3 and RTN4.
messages: Mutant mice display silvery coat color. This is associated with abnormal melanosome morphology and melanin deposits, likely due to deficient PMEL processing and amyloid fibril formation.
messages: Responsible for the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Cleaves APP, between residues 690 and 691, leading to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated C-terminal fragment which is later released by gamma-secretase. It has also been shown that it can cleave APP between residues 671 and 672. Involved in the proteolytic shedding of PMEL at early stages of melanosome biogenesis. Cleaves PMEL within the M-beta fragment to release the amyloidogenic PMEL luminal fragment containing M-alpha and a small portion of M-beta N-terminus. This is a prerequisite step for subsequent processing and assembly of PMEL fibrils into amyloid sheets. Responsible also for the proteolytic processing of CLTRN in pancreatic beta cells.
messages: Undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage.

10090:Bves
gene id: 10090:Bves
uniprot id: Q9ES83
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the popeye family.
messages: Cell adhesion molecule involved in the establishment and/or maintenance of cell integrity. Involved in the formation and regulation of the tight junction (TJ) paracellular permeability barrier in epithelial cells (PubMed:16188940). Plays a role in VAMP3-mediated vesicular transport and recycling of different receptor molecules through its interaction with VAMP3 (PubMed:20057356). Plays a role in the regulation of cell shape and movement by modulating the Rho-family GTPase activity through its interaction with ARHGEF25/GEFT (PubMed:18541910). Induces primordial adhesive contact and aggregation of epithelial cells in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. Also involved in striated muscle regeneration and repair and in the regulation of cell spreading (PubMed:11839816). Important for the maintenance of cardiac function. Plays a regulatory function in heart rate dynamics mediated, at least in part, through cAMP-binding and, probably, by increasing cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCNK2 and enhancing current density (PubMed:26642364). Is a caveolae-associated protein important for the preservation of caveolae structural and functional integrity as well as for heart protection against ischemia injury (PubMed:24066022).
messages: Expressed in epithelial cells, skeletal muscle, heart and intestinal smooth muscle (at protein level). Expressed in fetal and adult heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Expressed in the mesoderm of the cardiac crescent at 9.5 dpc. Expressed in cardiac myocytes of the sinoatrial compartment and some restricted areas of the dorsal part of the ventricle chambers at 10.5 dpc and 12.5 dpc. Expressed in branchial arches, myotome and in a posterior domain in the limb at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the heart, mainly in the compact layer myocardium, peridigital mesenchyme, the somites of the tail bud, the smooth muscle cells of the trachea and the developing bronchial tree, the smooth muscle cells lining the digestive tract, the dorsal root ganglia and the pancreas anlage at 13.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the sinoatrial compartment and some restricted areas in the dorsal part of the ventricle at 9.5 dpc, 10.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc. At 12.5 dpc, expression was observed in the ventral half of the ventricle where it was limited to the subepicardial compact layer.
messages: Homodimer. Homodimerization requires the C-terminus cytoplasmic region (By similarity). Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with TJP1. Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with ARHGEF25/GEFT (via the DH domain). Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with VAMP3. Interacts with KCNK2; the interaction enhances KCNK2 surface expression and is inhibited by cAMP (PubMed:22354168, PubMed:26642364). Interacts with CAV3 (PubMed:24066022).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Skeletal muscle regeneration appears to be less efficient and delayed (PubMed:11839816). Knockout mice are deficient to adapt heart rate to physiological stress, this deficiency develops in older mice. They show severe sinus node dysfunction with long pauses and intercurrent periods of normal synus rhythm. The sinus node structure is abnormal with a loss of pacemaker tissue from the inferior part of the sinus node and a compact structure of the superior sinus node (PubMed:22354168). They have inpaired functional recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury (PubMed:24066022).
messages: caveola
messages: sarcolemma
messages: tight junction

10090:Zpld1
gene id: 10090:Zpld1
uniprot id: Q8BGZ8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Glycoprotein which is a component of the gelatinous extracellular matrix in the cupulae of the vestibular organ.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved before the transmembrane segment to yield the secreted form found in the extracellular matrix of the cupula.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Naa60
gene id: 10090:Naa60
uniprot id: H3BIY0
uniprot id: H3BJZ6
uniprot id: Q9DBU2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated: autoacetylation is required for optimal acetyltransferase activity.
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. NAA60 subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer; monomer in presence of substrate and homodimer in its absence.
messages: N-alpha-acetyltransferase that specifically mediates the acetylation of N-terminal residues of the transmembrane proteins, with a strong preference for N-termini facing the cytosol. Displays N-terminal acetyltransferase activity towards a range of N-terminal sequences including those starting with Met-Lys, Met-Val, Met-Ala and Met-Met. Required for normal chromosomal segregation during anaphase. May also show histone acetyltransferase activity; such results are however unclear in vivo and would require additional experimental evidences.

10090:Eif4a3
gene id: 10090:Eif4a3
uniprot id: Q91VC3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Core component of the splicing-dependent multiprotein exon junction complex (EJC) deposited at splice junctions on mRNAs. The EJC is a dynamic structure consisting of core proteins and several peripheral nuclear and cytoplasmic associated factors that join the complex only transiently either during EJC assembly or during subsequent mRNA metabolism. The EJC marks the position of the exon-exon junction in the mature mRNA for the gene expression machinery and the core components remain bound to spliced mRNAs throughout all stages of mRNA metabolism thereby influencing downstream processes including nuclear mRNA export, subcellular mRNA localization, translation efficiency and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Its RNA-dependent ATPase and RNA-helicase activities are induced by CASC3, but abolished in presence of the MAGOH-RBM8A heterodimer, thereby trapping the ATP-bound EJC core onto spliced mRNA in a stable conformation. The inhibition of ATPase activity by the MAGOH-RBM8A heterodimer increases the RNA-binding affinity of the EJC. Involved in translational enhancement of spliced mRNAs after formation of the 80S ribosome complex. Binds spliced mRNA in sequence-independent manner, 20-24 nucleotides upstream of mRNA exon-exon junctions. Shows higher affinity for single-stranded RNA in an ATP-bound core EJC complex than after the ATP is hydrolyzed. Involved in the splicing modulation of BCL2L1/Bcl-X (and probably other apoptotic genes); specifically inhibits formation of proapoptotic isoforms; the function is different from the established EJC assembly. Involved in craniofacial development.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Core component of the mRNA splicing-dependent exon junction complex (EJC); the core complex contains CASC3, EIF4A3, MAGOH or MAGOHB, and RBM8A. Interacts with CASC3, MAGOH, NXF1, RBM8A and ALYREF/THOC4. May interact with NOM1. Interacts with POLDIP3. Interacts with CWC22 and PRPF19 in an RNA-independent manner. Direct interaction with CWC22 is mediated by the helicase C-terminal domain. Full interaction with CWC22 occurs only when EIF4A3 is not part of the EJC and prevents EIF4A3 binding to RNA. Identified in a complex composed of the EJC core, UPF3B and UPF2. The EJC core can also interact with UPF3A (in vitro). Interacts with NCBP3 (By similarity). Interacts with NRDE2 (By similarity). Interacts with DHX34; the interaction is RNA-independent (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The ATPase activity is increased some 4-fold in the presence of RNA.

10090:Tst
gene id: 10090:Tst
uniprot id: P52196
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains two rhodanese domains with different primary structures but with near identical secondary structure conformations suggesting a common evolutionary origin. Only the C-terminal rhodanese domain contains the catalytic cysteine residue (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in numerous tissues.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.
messages: Together with MRPL18, acts as a mitochondrial import factor for the cytosolic 5S rRNA. Only the nascent unfolded cytoplasmic form is able to bind to the 5S rRNA (By similarity). Formation of iron-sulfur complexes and cyanide detoxification.

10090:Rgs2
gene id: 10090:Rgs2
uniprot id: O08849
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in a wide variety of tissues.
messages: Interacts with GNAQ. Does not interact with GNAI1 and GNAI3. Interacts with EIF2B5. Interacts with PRKG1 (isoform alpha).
messages: Mutant mice display increased blood pressure and impaired relaxation of vascular smooth muscle.
messages: Phosphorylated by protein kinase C. Phosphorylation by PRKG1 leads to activation of RGS2 activity.
messages: Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form (By similarity). It is involved in the negative regulation of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure in response to signaling via G protein-coupled receptors and GNAQ. Plays a role in regulating the constriction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle (PubMed:14608379). Binds EIF2B5 and blocks its activity, thereby inhibiting the translation of mRNA into protein (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:C7
gene id: 10090:C7
uniprot id: D3YXF5
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the complement C6/C7/C8/C9 family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fhl5
gene id: 10090:Fhl5
uniprot id: Q9WTX7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with CREM (via the third LIM domain) (PubMed:10086359). Interacts (via second LIM domain) with SPAG8 (PubMed:20488182).
messages: May be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis. Stimulates CREM transcriptional activity in a phosphorylation-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis-specific, temporal expression is coordinated with CREM.

10090:Prmt3
gene id: 10090:Prmt3
uniprot id: Q922H1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide and high concentrations of zinc chloride.
messages: Monomer and homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with EPB41L3 (via FERM domain); the interaction is direct and inhibits the protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity of PRMT3. Interacts with the 40S ribosomal protein RPS2. Interacts with ALDH1A1; the interaction is direct, inhibits ALDH1A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and is independent of the methyltransferase activity of PRMT3 (By similarity).
messages: Protein-arginine N-methyltransferase that catalyzes both the monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of the guanidino nitrogens of arginine residues in target proteins, and therefore falls into the group of type I methyltransferases (By similarity). May regulate retinoic acid synthesis and signaling by inhibiting ALDH1A1 retinal dehydrogenase activity (By similarity).
messages: The C2H2-type zinc-finger is responsible for substrate specificity.

10090:Tsen15
gene id: 10090:Tsen15
uniprot id: G3X8S8
uniprot id: Q8R3W5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although only weakly related to the S.cerevisiae SEN15 protein, it probably displays the same function within the tRNA splicing endonuclease complex.
messages: Belongs to the SEN15 family.
messages: Homodimer. tRNA splicing endonuclease is a heterotetramer composed of TSEN2, TSEN15, TSEN34/LENG5 and TSEN54. tRNA splicing endonuclease complex also contains proteins of the pre-mRNA 3' end processing machinery such as CLP1, CPSF1, CPSF4 and CSTF2 (By similarity).
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5' and 3' splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3' cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body. The tRNA splicing endonuclease is also involved in mRNA processing via its association with pre-mRNA 3'-end processing factors, establishing a link between pre-tRNA splicing and pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, suggesting that the endonuclease subunits function in multiple RNA-processing events (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Hdac2
gene id: 10090:Hdac2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J008
uniprot id: P70288
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) (PubMed:18754010). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events (PubMed:18754010). Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes (PubMed:18754010). Forms transcriptional repressor complexes by associating with MAD, SIN3, YY1 and N-COR (By similarity). Component of a RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development (PubMed:17707228). Acts as a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex which participates in the remodeling of chromatin (By similarity). Also deacetylates non-histone targets: deacetylates TSHZ3, thereby regulating its transcriptional repressor activity (By similarity). May be involved in the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by CRY1 through histone deacetylation (PubMed:15226430). Involved in MTA1-mediated transcriptional corepression of TFF1 and CDKN1A (PubMed:20071335). In addition to protein deacetylase activity, also acts as protein-lysine deacylase by recognizing other acyl groups: catalyzes removal of (2E)-butenoyl (crotonyl) and 2-hydroxyisobutanoyl (2-hydroxyisobutyryl) acyl groups from lysine residues, leading to protein decrotonylation and de-2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, respectively (PubMed:30279482).
messages: Histone deacetylase that catalyzes the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events. Histone deacetylases act via the formation of large multiprotein complexes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the core histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex composed of HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4 and RBBP7, the core complex associates with SIN3, SAP18 and SAP30 to form the SIN3 HDAC complex (By similarity). Component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) repressor complex, composed of core proteins MTA1, MTA2, MTA3, RBBP4, RBBP7, HDAC1, HDAC2, MBD2, MBD3, and peripherally associated proteins CDK2AP1, CDK2AP2, GATAD2A, GATAD2B, CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 (PubMed:27806305). The exact stoichiometry of the NuRD complex is unknown, and some subunits such as MBD2 and MBD3, GATAD2A and GATAD2B, and CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 define mutually exclusive NuRD complexes (PubMed:27806305). Component of a RCOR/GFI/KDM1A/HDAC complex (PubMed:17707228). Component of a BHC histone deacetylase complex that contains HDAC1, HDAC2, HMG20B, KDM1A, RCOR1 and PHF21A (By similarity). The BHC complex may also contain ZMYM2, ZNF217, ZMYM3, GSE1 and GTF2I (By similarity). Part of a complex containing the core histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4, DEK and unphosphorylated DAXX (By similarity). Part of a complex containing ATR and CHD4 (By similarity). Forms a heterologous complex at least with YY1 (By similarity). Interacts in the late S-phase of DNA-replication with DNMT1 in the other transcriptional repressor complex composed of DNMT1, DMAP1, PCNA, CAF1 (By similarity). Component of a mSin3A corepressor complex that contains SIN3A, SAP130, SUDS3, ARID4B, HDAC1 and HDAC2 (By similarity). Part of a complex composed of TRIM28, HDAC1, HDAC2 and EHMT2 (By similarity). Part of a complex containing at least CDYL, MIER1, MIER2, HDAC1 and HDAC2 (By similarity). Component of a histone deacetylase complex containing DNTTIP1, ZNF541, HDAC1 and HDAC2 (By similarity). Forms a complex comprising APPL1, RUVBL2, APPL2, CTNNB1 and HDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts directly with GFI1 (By similarity). Interacts directly with GFI1B (By similarity). Interacts with APEX1; the interaction is not dependent on the acetylated status of A…
messages: S-nitrosylated by GAPDH. In neurons, S-nitrosylation at Cys-262 and Cys-274 does not affect enzyme activity, but induces HDAC2 release from chromatin. This in turn increases acetylation of histones surrounding neurotrophin-dependent gene promoters and promotes their transcription. In embryonic cortical neurons, S-Nitrosylation regulates dendritic growth and branching.
messages: Was originally thought to be S-nitrosylated and to interact with MTA1 (PubMed:20519513). However, this work was later retracted (PubMed:28314777). Nevertheless, other publications demonstrate that it is S-nitrosylated and there are several publications in the human ortholog demonstrating its interaction with MTA1 (PubMed:18754010, PubMed:20972425).

10090:Zfp609
gene id: 10090:Zfp609
uniprot id: Q8BZ47
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated by ZNF608 (PubMed:23076336). Isoform 2 is up-regulated during neuronal differentiation (PubMed:25921068).
messages: Expressed in myoblasts (PubMed:28344082). Expressed in neurons in various brain regions, including striatum, prefrontal cortex, olfactory bulb, midbrain, cerebellum and hippocampus (PubMed:25921068). Expressed in neural stem cells (at protein level) (PubMed:28041881). Expressed in thymocytes (PubMed:23076336).
messages: Expressed in the developing brain at 12.5 dpc. At 14.5 dpc, becomes enriched in the ventricular zone and later, restricted to the progenitor population as cortical neurogenesis peaks. At this stage, not detected in the subventricular zone/intermediate zone (SVZ/IZ). At later stages, detected in the neurons of the cortical plate and in stem cells near the ventricular surface.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with NIPBL (PubMed:28041881). Interacts with the multiprotein complex Integrator (PubMed:28041881).
messages: Involved in regulation of myoblast proliferation during myogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by a back-splicing reaction which joins the 5'-splice site of the first coding exon with the 3'-splice site of the upstream intron resulting in a circular RNA, called circ-ZNF609. The translation starts with the same initiator methionine as that of the linear transcript encoding isoform 1. The stop codon is created upon circularization.
messages: Transcription factor, which activates RAG1, and possibly RAG2, transcription. Through the regulation of RAG1/2 expression, may regulate thymocyte maturation (PubMed:28344082). Along with NIPBL and the multiprotein complex Integrator, promotes cortical neuron migration during brain development by regulating the transcription of crucial genes in this process. Preferentially binds promoters containing paused RNA polymerase II. Up-regulates the expression of SEMA3A, NRP1, PLXND1 and GABBR2 genes, among others (PubMed:28041881).

10090:Tomm40
gene id: 10090:Tomm40
uniprot id: Q9QYA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tom40 family.
messages: Channel-forming protein essential for import of protein precursors into mitochondria. Plays a role in the assembly of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) by forming a complex with BCAP31 and mediating the translocation of Complex I components from the cytosol to the mitochondria.
messages: Forms part of the preprotein translocase complex of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM complex) which consists of at least 7 different proteins (TOMM5, TOMM6, TOMM7, TOMM20, TOMM22, TOMM40 and TOMM70). Interacts with mitochondrial targeting sequences. Interacts with TIMM29; linking the TIM22 complex to the TOM complex. Forms a complex with BCAP31 (via C-terminus) which mediates the translocation of components of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) from the cytosol to the mitochondria (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CYP1A1 (via mitochondrial targeting signal); this interaction is required for CYP1A1 translocation across the mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Gnl3l
gene id: 10090:Gnl3l
uniprot id: Q6PGG6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family.
messages: In contrast to other GTP-binding proteins, this family is characterized by a circular permutation of the GTPase motifs described by a G4-G1-G3 pattern.
messages: Interacts with MDM2; this interaction, which occurs in the nucleoplasm, stabilizes MDM2. Indirectly interacts with TP53, via MDM2-binding. Interacts with TERF1; this interaction probably occurs in the nucleoplasm and is increased during mitosis, when the nucleolus is disassembled. This binding may promote TERF1 homodimerization. Interacts with TERT.
messages: Stabilizes TERF1 telomeric association by preventing TERF1 recruitment by PML. Stabilizes TERF1 protein by preventing its ubiquitination and hence proteasomal degradation. Does so by interfering with TERF1-binding to FBXO4 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Required for cell proliferation. By stabilizing TRF1 protein during mitosis, promotes metaphase-to-anaphase transition. Stabilizes MDM2 protein by preventing its ubiquitination, and hence proteasomal degradation. By acting on MDM2, may affect TP53 activity. Required for normal processing of ribosomal pre-rRNA. Binds GTP (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Or8b55
gene id: 10090:Or8b55
uniprot id: Q8VG50
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Limch1
gene id: 10090:Limch1
uniprot id: Q3UH68
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Actin stress fibers-associated protein that activates non-muscle myosin IIa. Activates the non-muscle myosin IIa complex by promoting the phosphorylation of its regulatory subunit MRLC/MYL9. Through the activation of non-muscle myosin IIa, positively regulates actin stress fibers assembly and stabilizes focal adhesions. It therefore negatively regulates cell spreading and cell migration.
messages: Belongs to the LIMCH1 family.
messages: Interacts with MYH9; independently of the integration of MYH9 into the myosin complex.
messages: stress fiber

10090:Poll
gene id: 10090:Poll
uniprot id: Q9QXE2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-X family.
messages: DNA polymerase that functions in several pathways of DNA repair. Involved in base excision repair (BER) responsible for repair of lesions that give rise to abasic (AP) sites in DNA. Also contributes to DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Has both template-dependent and template-independent (terminal transferase) DNA polymerase activities. Has also a 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity.
messages: Interacts with PCNA. Interacts with PAXX; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL. Interacts with XRCC4; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL. Interacts with NHEJ1/XLF; promoting POLL recruitment to double-strand breaks (DSBs) and stimulation of the end-filling activity of POLL.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Trpc1
gene id: 10090:Trpc1
uniprot id: B2RPS7
uniprot id: B7ZMP6
uniprot id: Q61056
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activation of PRKCA induces phosphorylation of TRPC1 and subsequent Ca2+ entry into cells.
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. STrpC subfamily. TRPC1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Homotetramer and heterotetramer with TRPC4 and/or TRPC5 (By similarity). Interacts with TRPC4 and TRPC5 (By similarity). Interacts with ITPR3 (By similarity). Interacts with MX1 and RNF24 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP4 (By similarity). Interacts with TRPC4AP (PubMed:20458742). Interacts with PLSCR1 (PubMed:32110987).
messages: Membrane
messages: Thought to form a receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. Probably is operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases or G-protein coupled receptors. Seems to be also activated by intracellular calcium store depletion.

10090:Vmn1r9
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r9
uniprot id: A2RST7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ndor1
gene id: 10090:Ndor1
uniprot id: A2AI05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase NDOR1 family.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.
messages: Interacts with CIAPIN1; as part of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery (By similarity). Interacts with DCPS (By similarity).
messages: NADPH-dependent reductase which is a central component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Transfers electrons from NADPH via its FAD and FMN prosthetic groups to the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CIAPIN1, another key component of the CIA machinery. In turn, this reduced cluster provides electrons for assembly of cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster proteins. It can also reduce the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CISD1 and activate this protein implicated in Fe/S cluster repair (By similarity). In vitro can fully activate methionine synthase/MTR in the presence of soluble cytochrome b5/CYB5A (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Zscan20
gene id: 10090:Zscan20
uniprot id: B2KFW1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Wfdc2
gene id: 10090:Wfdc2
uniprot id: Q9DAU7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Broad range protease inhibitor.
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hap1
gene id: 10090:Hap1
uniprot id: O35668
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Depressed postnatal feeding behavior leading to premature death latest at P9. Degeneration in hypothalamic regions that control feeding behavior.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Isoform A is phosphorylated on Thr-598.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Originally identified as neuronal protein that specifically associates with HTT/huntingtin and the binding is enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within HTT possibly affecting HAP1 interaction properties. Both HTT and HAP1 are involved in intracellular trafficking and HAP1 is proposed to link HTT to motor proteins and/or transport cargos. Seems to play a role in vesicular transport within neurons and axons such as from early endosomes to late endocytic compartments and to promote neurite outgrowth. The vesicular transport function via association with microtubule-dependent transporters can be attenuated by association with mutant HTT. Involved in the axonal transport of BDNF and its activity-dependent secretion; the function seems to involve HTT, DCTN1 and a complex with SORT1. Involved in APP trafficking and seems to facilitate APP anterograde transport and membrane insertion thereby possibly reducing processing into amyloid beta. Involved in delivery of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptors to synapses; the function is dependent on kinesin motor protein KIF5 and is disrupted by HTT with expanded polyglutamine repeat. Involved in regulation of autophagosome motility by promoting efficient retrograde axonal transport. Seems to be involved in regulation of membrane receptor recycling and degradation, and respective signal transduction, including GABA(A) receptors, tyrosine kinase receptors, EGFR, IP3 receptor and androgen receptor. Among others suggested to be involved in control of feeding behavior (involving hypothalamic GABA(A) receptors), cerebellar and brainstem development (involving AHI1 and NTRK1/TrkA), postnatal neurogenesis (involving hypothalamic NTRK2/TrkB regulating the number of Npyr1-expressing cells), and ITPR1/InsP3R1-mediated Ca(2+) release (involving HTT and possibly the effect of mutant HTT). Via association with DCTN1/dynactin p150-glued and HTT/huntingtin involved in cytoplasmic retention of REST in neurons. May be involved in cil…
messages: Presynapse
messages: Self-associates. Interacts with HTT/huntingtin; enhanced by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within HTT. Isoform A interacts with DCTN1; decreased in presence of HTT with expanded polyglutamine repeat; decreased by phosphorylation of Hap1 isoform A at Thr-598. Isoform A interacts with KLC2; decreased by phosphorylation of Hap1 isoform A at Thr-598. Isoform A interacts with ITPR1 and APP. Isoform A interacts with AR; decreased by an expanded polyglutamine repeat within AR. Isoform A interacts with YWHAZ; enhanced by phosphorylation of Hap1 isoform A at Thr-598. Isoform A interacts with BDNF and SORT1; probably forming a complex involved in proBDNF trafficking, degradation and processing. Interacts with TBP, AHI1, HGS and KALRN. Interacts with KIF5A, KIF5B, KIF5C and GABRB3; indicative for an HAP1:KIF5 complex transporting a GABA(A) receptor as cargo. Interacts with ATXN3; in STBs. Interacts with NTRK2; HAP1 stabilizes association of NTRK2 with SORT1 preventing NTRK2 degradation. Interacts with CCDC113.
messages: autophagosome
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine
messages: growth cone
messages: neuron projection
messages: synaptic vesicle

10090:Prss58
gene id: 10090:Prss58
uniprot id: Q8BW11
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Thr-195 is present instead of the conserved Ser which is expected to be an active site residue. It is therefore unsure if this protein has kept its catalytic activity.

10090:Clec9a
gene id: 10090:Clec9a
uniprot id: Q8BRU4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Deficient mice shown no alteration of dendritic cell phenotype and numbers and the response of dendritic cells to innate stimuli is not altered. No alterations are found in leukocyte numbers or frequencies in spleen, lymph node or thymus, and mice appear normal and do not develop any obvious symptoms of autoimmune disease.
messages: Functions as an endocytic receptor on a small subset of myeloid cells specialized for the uptake and processing of material from dead cells. Recognizes filamentous form of actin in association with particular actin-binding domains of cytoskeletal proteins, including spectrin, exposed when cell membranes are damaged, and mediate the cross-presentation of dead-cell associated antigens in a Syk-dependent manner.
messages: Isoform 1: Monomer. Isoform 4: Homodimer.
messages: Isoform 4 expressed at high levels by CD8(+) dendritic cells (DCs), and at low levels by plasmacytoid DCs but not by other hematopoietic cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Not glycosylated.

10090:Slc37a1
gene id: 10090:Slc37a1
uniprot id: Q8R070
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Organophosphate:Pi antiporter (OPA) (TC 2.A.1.4) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by vanadate but not by chlorogenic acid.
messages: Inorganic phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate antiporter. May transport cytoplasmic glucose-6-phosphate into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and translocate inorganic phosphate into the opposite direction. Independent of a lumenal glucose-6-phosphatase. May not play a role in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels.

10090:Gjd4
gene id: 10090:Gjd4
uniprot id: A0A654ICD8
uniprot id: Q8BSD4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Delta-type subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: gap junction

10090:Arhgap31
gene id: 10090:Arhgap31
uniprot id: A6X8Z5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By serum (at protein level).
messages: Expressed at highest levels in heart and lung.
messages: Functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for RAC1 and CDC42. Required for cell spreading, polarized lamellipodia formation and cell migration.
messages: Interacts with ITSN1, which inhibits GAP activity. Interacts with PARVA. Interacts with GTP-loaded RHOU (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on Thr-776 by GSK3; which reduces GAP activity.
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Marchf6
gene id: 10090:Marchf6
uniprot id: Q6ZQ89
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated, which results in proteasomal degradation.
messages: Belongs to the DOA10/MARCHF6 family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their proteasomal degradation. Promotes ubiquitination of DIO2, leading to its degradation. Promotes ubiquitination of SQLE, leading to its degradation. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. May cooperate with UBE2G1.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with DIO2. Interacts with SQLE.
messages: The RING-CH-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.

10090:Tecr
gene id: 10090:Tecr
uniprot id: G3UWE1
uniprot id: Q9CY27
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with ELOVL1 and LASS2.
messages: Involved in both the production of very long-chain fatty acids for sphingolipid synthesis and the degradation of the sphingosine moiety in sphingolipids through the sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolic pathway (By similarity). Catalyzes the last of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle (By similarity). This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle (By similarity). This enzyme reduces the trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA fatty acid intermediate to an acyl-CoA that can be further elongated by entering a new cycle of elongation (By similarity). Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators (By similarity). Catalyzes the saturation step of the sphingosine 1-phosphate metabolic pathway, the conversion of trans-2-hexadecenoyl-CoA to palmitoyl-CoA (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Or52n4b
gene id: 10090:Or52n4b
uniprot id: Q7TRU8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cym
gene id: 10090:Cym
uniprot id: B7ZWD6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A1 family.

10090:Or12e8
gene id: 10090:Or12e8
uniprot id: Q8VGT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gsto1
gene id: 10090:Gsto1
uniprot id: O09131
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Omega family.
messages: Exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. Has S-(phenacyl)glutathione reductase activity. Has also glutathione S-transferase activity. Participates in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and reduces monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsonic acid.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: cytosol

10090:Wdr81
gene id: 10090:Wdr81
uniprot id: Q5ND34
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR81 family.
messages: Brain-specific, conditional knockout mice are born at the expected Mendelian frequency, but most of them die a few hours after birth. If they show no overt brain morphological abnormalities, a neuronal accumulation of SQSTM1 in foci is observed.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, Purkinje cells of cerebellum, retinal photoreceptor cells and spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:23595742). In brain, specifically expressed by neuronal cells (at protein level). Detected in a wide range of tissues including intestine, adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, thymus, spleen, kidney, heart, eye, sciatic nerve, and testis (PubMed:21885617, PubMed:23595742, PubMed:28404643).
messages: Functions as a negative regulator of the PI3 kinase/PI3K activity associated with endosomal membranes via BECN1, a core subunit of the PI3K complex. By modifying the phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate/PtdInsP3 content of endosomal membranes may regulate endosome fusion, recycling, sorting and early to late endosome transport. It is for instance, required for the delivery of cargos like BST2/tetherin from early to late endosome and thereby participates indirectly to their degradation by the lysosome. May also play a role in aggrephagy, the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated protein aggregates. In this process, may regulate the interaction of SQSTM1 with ubiquitinated proteins and also recruit MAP1LC3C (By similarity). May also be involved in maintenance of normal mitochondrial structure and organization (PubMed:23595742).
messages: Interacts with WDR91; involved in early to late endosome cargo transport. Interacts with BECN1; negatively regulates the PI3 kinase/PI3K activity associated with endosomal membranes. Interacts with SQSTM1; the interaction is direct and regulates the interaction of SQSTM1 with ubiquitinated proteins. Interacts with MAP1LC3C; recruits MAP1LC3C to ubiquitinated protein aggregates in the aggrephagy process.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Bend5
gene id: 10090:Bend5
uniprot id: Q8C6D4
names: Domain
names: Function
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor.
messages: The BEN domain mediates DNA-binding.

10090:Spink13
gene id: 10090:Spink13
uniprot id: Q3UTS8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be a serine protease inhibitor (By similarity). Essential for sperm maturation and fertility. Inhibits sperm acrosome reaction, protecting sperm from premature reaction (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Or8b48
gene id: 10090:Or8b48
uniprot id: A0A1L1SSS5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pabpn1
gene id: 10090:Pabpn1
uniprot id: Q8CCS6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine dimethylation is asymmetric and involves PRMT1 and PRMT3. It does not influence the RNA binding properties (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in the 3'-end formation of mRNA precursors (pre-mRNA) by the addition of a poly(A) tail of 200-250 nt to the upstream cleavage product. Stimulates poly(A) polymerase (PAPOLA) conferring processivity on the poly(A) tail elongation reaction and controls also the poly(A) tail length. Increases the affinity of poly(A) polymerase for RNA. Is also present at various stages of mRNA metabolism including nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNA. Cooperates with SKIP to synergistically activate E-box-mediated transcription through MYOD1 and may regulate the expression of muscle-specific genes. Binds to poly(A) and to poly(G) with high affinity. May protect the poly(A) tail from degradation. Subunit of the trimeric poly(A) tail exosome targeting (PAXT) complex, a complex that directs a subset of long and polyadenylated poly(A) RNAs for exosomal degradation. The RNA exosome is fundamental for the degradation of RNA in eukaryotic nuclei. Substrate targeting is facilitated by its cofactor MTREX, which links to RNA-binding protein adapters (By similarity).
messages: May be due to a competing donor splice site.
messages: Monomer and homooligomer. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Binds RNA as a monomer and oligomerizes when bound to poly(A). Interacts with PAPOLA, but only in presence of oligo(A) RNA. Interacts with NUDT21/CPSF5 and transportin. Associates in a ternary complex with CPSF4 and NS/NS1 and interaction with NS/NS1, blocks nuclear export of host cell mRNAs. Associates in a single complex with SKIP and MYOD1 and interacts with SKIP in differentiated myocytes. May interact with SETX (By similarity). Interacts (via RRM domain and C-terminal arginine-rich region) with ZFP36 (via hypophosphorylated form); this interaction occurs in the nucleus in a RNA-independent manner, decreases in presence of single-stranded poly(A) RNA-oligomer and in a p38-dependent-manner and may down-regulated RNA poly(A) polymerase activity (PubMed:22844456). Component of the poly(A) tail exosome targeting (PAXT) complex composed of PABPN1, ZFC3H1 and MTREX. Interacts with ZFC3H1 in a RNase-insensitive manner (By similarity). Interacts with FRG1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The RRM domain is essential for specific adenine bases recognition in the poly(A) tail but not sufficient for poly(A) binding.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Pgr
gene id: 10090:Pgr
uniprot id: Q00175
uniprot id: Q8BW69
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.
messages: Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression of isoform A and isoform B in mammary epithelial cells is temporally and spatially separated during normal mammary gland development. Isoform A and isoform B are expressed in the pituitary. Isoform A and isoform B are differentially expressed in the ovary and oviduct, and the level of expression is dependent on both the cell type and estrous cycle stage.
messages: Infertile. Inability to ovulate, uterine hyperplasia and inflammation, severely limited mammary gland development and an impairment in the induction of a sexual behavioral response (PubMed:8603049). In isoform A-defective mice less oocytes are produced, only a subset of implantation-specific uterine epithelial target genes is regulated, and an increased progesterone-dependent proliferative activity of isoform B in the uterine epithelium is observed. Isoform B-defective mice showed unaffected ovulation (PubMed:10976068).
messages: Interacts with SMARD1 and UNC45A. Interacts with CUEDC2; the interaction promotes ubiquitination, decreases sumoylation, and represses transcriptional activity. Interacts with PIAS3; the interaction promotes sumoylation of PR in a hormone-dependent manner, inhibits DNA-binding, and alters nuclear export. Interacts with SP1; the interaction requires ligand-induced phosphorylation on Ser-294 by ERK1/2 MAPK. Interacts with PRMT2 (By similarity). Isoform A interacts with NCOR2. Isoform B (but not isoform A) interacts with NCOA2 and NCOA1. Isoform B (but not isoform A) interacts with KLF9.
messages: Ligand-dependent transdominant repressor of steroid hormone receptor transcriptional activity including repression of its isoform B, MR and ER. Transrepressional activity may involve recruitment of corepressor NCOR2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC7 and ZDHHC21. Palmitoylation is required for plasma membrane targeting and for rapid intracellular signaling via ERK and AKT kinases and cAMP generation (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on multiple serine sites. Several of these sites are hormone-dependent. Phosphorylation on Ser-294 is highly hormone-dependent and modulates ubiquitination and sumoylation on Lys-388. Phosphorylation on Ser-345 also requires induction by hormone. Basal phosphorylation on Ser-82, Ser-163, Ser-191 and Ser-400 is increased in response to progesterone and can be phosphorylated in vitro by the CDK2-A1 complex. Increased levels of phosphorylation on Ser-400 also in the presence of EGF, heregulin, IGF, PMA and FBS. Phosphorylation at this site by CDK2 is ligand-independent, and increases nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-163 and Ser-294, but not at Ser-191, is impaired during the G(2)/M phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation on Ser-345 by ERK1/2 MAPK is required for interaction with SP1 (By similarity).
messages: Steroid hormone receptor involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression which affects cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues.
messages: Sumoylation is hormone-dependent and represses transcriptional activity. Sumoylation on all three sites is enhanced by PIAS3. Desumoylated by SENP1. Sumoylation on Lys-388, the main site of sumoylation, is repressed by ubiquitination on the same site, and modulated by phosphorylation at Ser-294 (By similarity).
messages: The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Depending on the isoform, progesterone receptor functions as transcriptional activator or repressor.
messages: Transcriptional activator of several progesteron-dependent promoters in a variety of cell types. Involved in activation of SRC-dependent MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation.
messages: Ubiquitination is hormone-dependent and represses sumoylation on the same site. Promoted by MAPK-mediated phosphorylation on Ser-294 (By similarity).

10090:Or10v1
gene id: 10090:Or10v1
uniprot id: Q8VF55
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Drc7
gene id: 10090:Drc7
uniprot id: Q6V3W6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in the testis and is weakly expressed in the brain, thymus, lung and ovary (PubMed:31961863). Expressed in ciliated cells (PubMed:17971504).
messages: Belongs to the DRC7 family.
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) (By similarity). Interacts with TCTE1/DRC5 (PubMed:28630322, PubMed:31961863). Interacts with DRC3 and GAS8/DRC4 (PubMed:31961863).
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) a key regulator of ciliary/flagellar motility which maintains the alignment and integrity of the distal axoneme and regulates microtubule sliding in motile axonemes (By similarity). Essential for male fertility, sperm head morphogenesis and sperm flagellum formation (PubMed:31961863). Not required for ciliogenesis in the brain and trachea (PubMed:31961863).
messages: Expressed in diplotene and pachytene spermytocytes, and in round and elongating spermatids (at protein level). Strongly expressed in spleen and testis, faintly expressed in kidney, ovary and thymus.
messages: Male mice were infertile due to their short immotile spermatozoa (PubMed:31961863). Axoneme formation and manchette removal are impaired in spermatids (PubMed:31961863). No morphological abnormalities seen in multicilia of ependymal and tracheal epithelia and cilia motility is not impaired in ependymal cilia (PubMed:31961863).
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: flagellum
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Ifngr1
gene id: 10090:Ifngr1
uniprot id: P15261
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type II cytokine receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deletion mutants show shortened lifespan and enhanced intestinal tumorigenesis. These tumors exhibit increased inflammation (PubMed:27286456). Loss of STAT1 signaling pathway activation is also observed (PubMed:19889125). After viral infection such as junin virus, mice develop disseminated infection and severe disease (PubMed:20926559).
messages: Monomer. Heterodimer with IFNGR2, to form the IFNG receptor complex. Interacts with JAK1. Interacts (when phosphorylated) with STAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS1 (PubMed:15522878).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser/Thr residues. Phosphorylation of Tyr-445 is required for IFNG receptor signal transduction. Influenza virus infection leads to phosphorylation in a CSNK1A1-dependent manner.
messages: Receptor subunit for interferon gamma/INFG that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation (, PubMed:20926559, PubMed:27286456). Associates with transmembrane accessory factor IFNGR2 to form a functional receptor (PubMed:2530582, PubMed:2532365, PubMed:2137461, PubMed:2531896, PubMed:2530216). Upon ligand binding, the intracellular domain of IFNGR1 opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK1 and JAK2. In turn, activated JAK1 phosphorylates IFNGR1 to form a docking site for STAT1. Subsequent phosphorylation of STAT1 leads to its dimerization, translocation to the nucleus, and stimulation of target gene transcription (PubMed:19889125). STAT3 can also be activated in a similar manner although activation seems weaker (PubMed:15284232). IFNGR1 intracellular domain phosphorylation also provides a docking site for SOCS1 that regulates the JAK-STAT pathway by competing with STAT1 binding to IFNGR1 (PubMed:15522878).
messages: Ubiquitinated after phosphorylation in a CSNK1A1-dependent manner, leading to the lysosome-dependent degradation. Proteasomally degraded through 'Lys-48'-mediated ubiquitination. Ubiquitination is necessary for efficient IFNGR1 signaling.

10090:Cidea
gene id: 10090:Cidea
uniprot id: O70302
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CIDE family.
messages: Expressed at 15 dpc in the interscapular region of the embryo, that could correspond to the developing brown adipose tissue. Expression continues in the interscapular region at 18 dpc and postnatally. In mammary glands, begins to be highly expressed at day 14.5 of pregnancy. Expression is maintained at high levels throughout lactation and declines during post-lactational involution.
messages: Highly expressed in brown adipose tissue and, at lower levels, in white adipose tissue (at protein level) (PubMed:12910269, PubMed:18509062). Undetectable in undifferentiated preadipocytes (PubMed:12910269, PubMed:18509062). Expressed in mammary gland during pregnancy and lactation, in epithelial cells, but not in the surrounding adipose tissue (PubMed:22245780). Secreted into milk via milk fat globules (PubMed:22245780).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:26609809). Interacts with CIDEC (By similarity). Directly interacts with CEBPB (PubMed:22245780). Interacts with isoform CLSTN3beta of CLSTN3; inhibiting the lipid transferase activity of CIDEA (PubMed:36477540).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Lipid transferase that promotes unilocular lipid droplet formation by mediating lipid droplet fusion (PubMed:18509062, PubMed:22144693, PubMed:26609809, PubMed:36477540). Lipid droplet fusion promotes their enlargement, restricting lipolysis and favoring lipid storage (PubMed:18509062, PubMed:22144693, PubMed:26609809). Localizes on the lipid droplet surface, at focal contact sites between lipid droplets, and mediates atypical lipid droplet fusion by promoting directional net neutral lipid transfer from the smaller to larger lipid droplets (PubMed:18509062, PubMed:22144693, PubMed:26609809). The transfer direction may be driven by the internal pressure difference between the contacting lipid droplet pair and occurs at a lower rate than that promoted by CIDEC (PubMed:18509062, PubMed:22144693). May also act as a CEBPB coactivator in epithelial cells to control the expression of a subset of CEBPB downstream target genes, including ID2, IGF1, PRLR, SOCS1, SOCS3, XDH, but not casein (PubMed:22245780). By interacting with CEBPB, strengthens the association of CEBPB with the XDH promoter, increases histone acetylation and dissociates HDAC1 from the promoter (PubMed:22245780). When overexpressed, induces apoptosis; the physiological significance of its role in apoptosis is unclear (PubMed:9564035).
messages: Mutant animals appear normal and fertile and produce the expected Mendelian ratio of heterozygous and homozygous descendents. They are lean and resistant to diet-induced obesity and diabetes. They exhibit higher metabolic rate, lipolysis in brown adipose tissue and core body temperature when subjected to cold treatment. Mutant females are unable to properly feed their pups who die within 3 days postpartum due to severely reduced milk lipids.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CIDE-N domain is involved in homodimerization which is crucial for its function in promoting lipid exchange and transfer.
messages: The amphipathic helix mediates embedding into the lipid droplet phospholipid monolayer, promoting phosphatidic acid-binding, thereby facilitating triacylglycerol transfer.
messages: Up-regulated under conditions that enhance triacylglycerol deposition, including rosiglitazone treatment and high-fat diet. This up-regulation is mediated by PPARG.

10090:Hid1
gene id: 10090:Hid1
uniprot id: Q8R1F6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the hid-1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane

10090:Camp
gene id: 10090:Camp
uniprot id: P51437
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts via neutrophil N-formyl peptide receptors to enhance the release of CXCL2.
messages: Antimicrobial protein that is an integral component of the innate immune system (By similarity). Binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the cathelicidin family.
messages: Expressed in granulocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:9148921). High expression in bone marrow and small intestine (PubMed:9148921, PubMed:8706928). Expressed in testis, spleen, stomach, and intestine (PubMed:9148921). Very low expression found in heart, lung and skeletal muscle (PubMed:9148921). No expression in brain, kidney or liver (PubMed:9148921).
messages: Expressed in the adult and in the embryo where it is detected at 12-18 dpc.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by cathepsin CTSG.
messages: Secreted
messages: Vesicle

10090:Ndufb8
gene id: 10090:Ndufb8
uniprot id: Q9D6J5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFB8 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Dkk3
gene id: 10090:Dkk3
uniprot id: Q9QUN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling by inhibiting LRP5/6 interaction with Wnt and by forming a ternary complex with the transmembrane protein KREMEN that promotes internalization of LRP5/6. DKKs play an important role in vertebrate development, where they locally inhibit Wnt regulated processes such as antero-posterior axial patterning, limb development, somitogenesis and eye formation. In the adult, Dkks are implicated in bone formation and bone disease, cancer and Alzheimer disease (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the dickkopf family.
messages: Expressed in the developing cochlea.
messages: Highest expression in brain, eye and heart.
messages: Interacts with LRP5 and LRP6.
messages: Secreted
messages: The C-terminal cysteine-rich domain mediates interaction with LRP5 and LRP6.

10090:Zdhhc15
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc15
uniprot id: Q8BGJ0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autopalmitoylated (in vitro).
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Expressed mainly in brain.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inhibited by 2-bromopalmitate.
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates (PubMed:15603741, PubMed:17012030, PubMed:28167757). Has no stringent fatty acid selectivity and in addition to palmitate can also transfer onto target proteins myristate from tetradecanoyl-CoA and stearate from octadecanoyl-CoA (Probable). Palmitoylates IGF2R and SORT1, promoting their partitioning to an endosomal membrane subdomain where they can interact with the retromer cargo-selective complex (By similarity). Thereby, regulates retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus of these lysosomal sorting receptors and plays a role in trafficking of lysosomal proteins (By similarity). In the nervous system, catalyzes the palmitoylation of DLG4/PSD95 and regulates its synaptic clustering and function in synaptogenesis (PubMed:15603741). Could be involved in the differentiation of dopaminergic neurons and the development of the diencephalon (By similarity). Could also catalyze the palmitoylation of GAP43 (PubMed:15603741, PubMed:17012030). Could also palmitoylate DNAJC5 and regulate its localization to the Golgi membrane (PubMed:18596047). Could also palmitoylate FYN as shown in vitro (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Dnaaf2
gene id: 10090:Dnaaf2
uniprot id: Q8BPI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PIH1 family. Kintoun subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Expressed in nearly all organs of adult, with higher expression in tissues known to have motile cilia and flagella, such as brain and testis.
messages: Interacts with DNAI2 and HSPA1A (PubMed:19052621). Interacts with CFAP300. Interacts with DNAAF4. Interacts with DNAAF6/PIH1D3 (By similarity).
messages: Required for cytoplasmic pre-assembly of axonemal dyneins, thereby playing a central role in motility in cilia and flagella. Involved in pre-assembly of dynein arm complexes in the cytoplasm before intraflagellar transport loads them for the ciliary compartment.

10090:Yipf6
gene id: 10090:Yipf6
uniprot id: Q8BR70
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the YIP1 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May be required for stable YIPF1 and YIPF2 protein expression.
messages: Predominantly interacts with YIPF1 or YIPF2, but may also form a ternary complex with YIPF1 and YIPF2. This interaction may stabilize YIPF1 and YIPF2.

10090:Tax1bp3
gene id: 10090:Tax1bp3
uniprot id: Q9DBG9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via its PDZ domain) with GLS2. Interacts (via its PDZ domain) with RTKN (via the C-terminal region); this interaction facilitates Rho-mediated activation of the FOS serum response element (SRE). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with ARHGEF16. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with KCNJ4 (via C-terminus). Competes with LIN7A for KCNJ4 binding (By similarity). Interacts (via its PDZ domain) with CTNNB1; this interaction inhibits the transcriptional activity of CTNNB1. Interacts with ADGRB2 (By similarity).
messages: May regulate a number of protein-protein interactions by competing for PDZ domain binding sites. Binds CTNNB1 and may thereby act as an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway. Competes with LIN7A for KCNJ4 binding, and thereby promotes KCNJ4 internalization. May play a role in the Rho signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Srarp
gene id: 10090:Srarp
uniprot id: Q3ULG3
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins.
messages: May regulate the transcriptional function of androgen and estrogen receptors.

10090:Nfatc2
gene id: 10090:Nfatc2
uniprot id: Q60591
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chimeric cDNA fused with Phyhd1 (Lrrc8a).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the developing heart at 13.5 and 16.5 dpc, during the transition from spongy to compact myocardium (PubMed:17198697). Not detected in the skeletal system at 11 and 13.5 dpc (PubMed:10620601).
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, heart, testis, brain, placenta, muscle and pancreas (PubMed:18675896). Expressed in cartilage (PubMed:10620601).
messages: In resting cells, phosphorylated by NFATC-kinase on at least 18 sites in the 99-365 region. Upon cell stimulation, all these sites except Ser-245 are dephosphorylated by calcineurin. Dephosphorylation induces a conformational change that simultaneously exposes an NLS and masks an NES, which results in nuclear localization. Simultaneously, one site among Ser-53; Ser-54 and Ser-56 is phosphorylated; which is required for full transcriptional activity.
messages: Member of the multicomponent NFATC transcription complex that consists of at least two components, a pre-existing cytoplasmic component NFATC2 and an inducible nuclear component NFATC1. Other members such as NFATC4, NFATC3 or members of the activating protein-1 family, MAF, GATA4 and Cbp/p300 can also bind the complex. The phosphorylated form specifically interacts with XPO1; which mediates nuclear export. NFATC proteins bind to DNA as monomers. Interacts with NFATC2IP. Interacts with FOXP3 (By similarity). Interacts with TBX21 ('Thr-302' phosphorylated form) (PubMed:23616576). Interacts with KAT2A (PubMed:28424240). Interacts with HOMER2 and HOMER3; this interaction competes with calcineurin/PPP3CA-binding and hence prevents NFATC2 dephosphorylation and activation (By similarity). Interacts with protein phosphatase PPP3CA/calcineurin A (By similarity).
messages: NFATC2-knocked down adult animals develop progressive difficulty in ambulation, fixed joint contractures and reduced joint motion, associated with joint destruction and the formation of ectopic cartilage and bone masses. Skeletal morphogenesis is normal during embryonic development. Cartilage cells from NFATC2-knocked down mice display uncontrolled growth consistent with malignant transformation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, TNF-alpha or GM-CSF. Promotes invasive migration through the activation of GPC6 expression and WNT5A signaling pathway (By similarity). Is involved in the negative regulation of chondrogenesis (PubMed:10620601).
messages: PubMed:8668213 (AAC52929) sequence is a chimeric cDNA.
messages: Rel Similarity Domain (RSD) allows DNA-binding and cooperative interactions with AP1 factors.
messages: Ubiquitinated in endothelial cells by RNF213 downstream of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Hoxb7
gene id: 10090:Hoxb7
uniprot id: P09024
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Pabpc2
gene id: 10090:Pabpc2
uniprot id: Q62029
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.
messages: Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Ccdc190
gene id: 10090:Ccdc190
uniprot id: Q3URK1
names: Caution
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-5 is the initiator.

10090:Ckmt2
gene id: 10090:Ckmt2
uniprot id: Q6P8J7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP:guanido phosphotransferase family.
messages: Exists as an octamer composed of four CKMT2 homodimers.
messages: Mitochondrial creatine kinase binds cardiolipin.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between ATP and various phosphogens (e.g. creatine phosphate). Creatine kinase isoenzymes play a central role in energy transduction in tissues with large, fluctuating energy demands, such as skeletal muscle, heart, brain and spermatozoa (By similarity).

10090:Gm21638
gene id: 10090:Gm21638
uniprot id: J3QNI1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Gm20896
gene id: 10090:Gm20896
uniprot id: A0A087WRK1
uniprot id: A0A087WSR0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Ino80c
gene id: 10090:Ino80c
uniprot id: Q8BHA0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex; specifically part of a complex module associated with the helicase ATP-binding and the helicase C-terminal domain of INO80. Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BAP18, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, MYST1/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proposed core component of the chromatin remodeling INO80 complex which is involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication and probably DNA repair.

10090:Obp1b
gene id: 10090:Obp1b
uniprot id: A2AEP0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Binds the chemical odorant 2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine.
messages: Expressed in nasal mucosa (at protein level) (PubMed:8529023). Specifically detected in septal and lateral nasal glands (PubMed:9661663).
messages: May form a heterodimer with OBP1A.
messages: Secreted
messages: The N-terminus may be blocked.

10090:Zfp646
gene id: 10090:Zfp646
uniprot id: Q6NV66
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.

10090:Abcg5
gene id: 10090:Abcg5
uniprot id: Q99PE8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A spontaneous mutation gives raise to thrombocytopenia and cardiomyopathy (trac), with recessive inheritance and fully penetrant phenotype. Mice are small, infertile, and have shortened lifespan.
messages: ABCG5 and ABCG8 form an obligate heterodimer that mediates Mg(2+)- and ATP-dependent sterol transport across the cell membrane (PubMed:16352607, PubMed:16867993, PubMed:18402465). Plays an essential role in the selective transport of dietary plant sterols and cholesterol in and out of the enterocytes and in the selective sterol excretion by the liver into bile (PubMed:12444248, PubMed:14504269, PubMed:14657202, PubMed:19846887, PubMed:25378657). Required for normal sterol homeostasis (PubMed:12444248, PubMed:14657202). The heterodimer with ABCG8 has ATPase activity (PubMed:16352607, PubMed:16867993).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cholesterol transport is inhibited by vanadate and by beryllium fluoride.
messages: Detected in liver and jejunum (PubMed:12444248, PubMed:15040800, PubMed:18402465, PubMed:25378657). Detected on enterocyte villi (at protein level) (PubMed:15040800). Expressed in jejunum, ileum and, at lower level, in the liver (PubMed:11138003, PubMed:11907139, PubMed:11099417, PubMed:12444248, PubMed:25378657).
messages: Heterodimer with ABCG8.
messages: Mice deficient for both Abcg5 and Abcg8 appear healthy and are fertile, but display strongly increased levels of the food-derived plant sterols sitosterol and campesterol in liver and blood plasma (PubMed:12444248, PubMed:14657202, PubMed:25378657). When mice are fed chow containing 0.02% cholesterol, cholesterol levels in blood plasma and in liver are considerably lower than in wild-type (PubMed:12444248, PubMed:14657202). In spite of the increased plasma and liver levels of plant sterols, and the decreased cholesterol levels, the total sterol levels in plasma and liver are closely similar in wild-type and mutant mice (PubMed:14657202). When mice are fed chow containing 2% cholesterol, plasma cholesterol levels remain stable in wild-type, but increase 2.4-fold in mutant mice. In the liver of mice kept on chow containing 2% cholesterol, cholesterol levels increase 3-fold for wild-type mice and 18-fold for mutant mice, resulting in much higher cholesterol levels than in wild-type livers (PubMed:12444248). Dietary cholesterol absorption appears normal in mutant mice, but the absorption of dietary cholestanol, campesterol and sitosterol is increased (PubMed:12444248). At the same time, mutant mice have very low cholesterol levels in bile, suggesting that the increased hepatic cholesterol levels are due to impaired cholesterol secretion into bile (PubMed:12444248). Likewise, the levels of the food-derived plant sterols stigmasterol, sitosterol, campesterol and brassicasterol are strongly decreased in bile from mutant mice (PubMed:14657202). In contrast, biliary phospholipid and bile acid levels appear unchanged relative to wild-type (PubMed:12444248). The blood plasma of mice with liver-specific or intestine-specific disruption of Abcg5 and Abcg8 has nearly normal levels of cholesterol, and mildly increased levels of sitosterol and campesterol (PubMed:25378657). Mice with intestine-specific disruption of Abcg5 and Abcg8 have strongly increased levels of sitosterol and c…
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:12208867, PubMed:12444248, PubMed:16867993, PubMed:15040800, PubMed:15054092, PubMed:18402465, PubMed:25378657). N-glycosylation is important for efficient export out of the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:15054092).
messages: The Walker motif (consensus sequence G-X-X-G-X-G-K-[ST]-T) is expected to bind ATP. Within this motif, the conserved Lys is essential for transport activity mediated by the heterodimer with ABCG8.
messages: Up-regulated in liver and small intestine by cholesterol feeding (PubMed:11099417). Up-regulated via the oxysterols receptor LXR/retinoic X receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway (PubMed:14657202). Endotoxin (LPS) significantly decreased mRNA levels in the liver but not in the small intestine (PubMed:12777468).

10090:Nxph4
gene id: 10090:Nxph4
uniprot id: G3X9N5
uniprot id: Q8BTD1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the neurexophilin family.
messages: May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mrps9
gene id: 10090:Mrps9
uniprot id: Q9D7N3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Atn1
gene id: 10090:Atn1
uniprot id: O35126
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Expressed as early as 5 days and thereafter shows little variation throughout 17 days.
messages: In vascular smooth muscle, induced by angiotensin II, FGF; PGF and IL1B.
messages: Interacts with BAIAP2, WWP1, WWP2, WWP3 and RERE. Interacts (via its N-terminus) with MTG8; the interaction enhances transcriptional repression of MTG8. Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with NR2E1; the interaction represses the transcriptional activity of NR2E1. Interacts with FAT1 (via a C-terminal domain).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by MAPK8/JNK1 on Ser-724.
messages: The mouse model of DRPLA with 129 CAG repeats (Q129) exhibited severe neurological defects similar to those of juvenile-onset DRPLA patients including age-dependent and region-specific presynaptic dysfunction in the globus pallidus and cerebellum. Progressive shrinkage of distal dendrites of Purkinje cells and decreased currents through alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid and gamma-aminobutyrate type A receptors in CA1 neurons was observed. There is progressive brain atrophy.
messages: The poly-Gln region of Atn1 is polymorphic (3 to 8 repeats).
messages: Transcriptional corepressor. Corepressor of MTG8 transcriptional repression. Has some intrinsic repression activity which is independent of the number of the poly-Q repeats (By similarity). Recruits NR2E1 to repress transcription. Promotes vascular smooth cell (VSMC) migration and orientation.
messages: Widely expressed. Most abundant in the brain.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Wdr59
gene id: 10090:Wdr59
uniprot id: Q8C0M0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As a component of the GATOR2 complex, functions as an activator of the amino acid-sensing branch of the mTORC1 signaling pathway. The GATOR2 complex indirectly activates mTORC1 through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex. GATOR2 probably acts as a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase toward GATOR1. In the presence of abundant amino acids, the GATOR2 complex mediates ubiquitination of the NPRL2 core component of the GATOR1 complex, leading to GATOR1 inactivation. In the absence of amino acids, GATOR2 is inhibited, activating the GATOR1 complex.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR59 family.
messages: Component of the GATOR2 subcomplex, composed of MIOS, SEC13, SEH1L, WDR24 and WDR59. The GATOR2 complex interacts with CASTOR1 and CASTOR2; the interaction is negatively regulated by arginine. The GATOR2 complex interacts with SESN1, SESN2 and SESN3; the interaction is negatively regulated by amino acids (By similarity). Interacts with DDB1-CUL4A/B E3 ligase complexes (PubMed:17041588).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The GATOR2 complex is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors CASTOR1 and SESN2, which sequester the GATOR2 complex in absence of amino acids. In the presence of abundant amino acids, GATOR2 is released from CASTOR1 and SESN2 and activated.

10090:Pcnx3
gene id: 10090:Pcnx3
uniprot id: Q8VI59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the pecanex family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sult5a1
gene id: 10090:Sult5a1
uniprot id: Q91X36
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Uty
gene id: 10090:Uty
uniprot id: E9PWW8
uniprot id: G3X9F2
uniprot id: Q3UQE8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UTX family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or52s6
gene id: 10090:Or52s6
uniprot id: E9Q838
uniprot id: Q7TRR0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Six1
gene id: 10090:Six1
uniprot id: Q3V2C3
uniprot id: Q62231
uniprot id: Q8BSP4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SIX/Sine oculis homeobox family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in phalangeal tendons and in skeletal muscle and in head and body mesenchyme.
messages: First expressed at 8.2-8.5 dpc of embryo development in the anterior head mesoderm and developing pharyngeal pouches. Expression in the developing limb begins at 11 dpc and is more pronounced dorsally. It progresses into the developing phalanges at 13.5 dpc. In the developing inner ear detected in the otic placode and the surrounding surface ectoderm at 8.5 dpc. Expression became prominent at the invaginating otic pit and the nascent otic vesicle at 9.5 dpc. At 10.5 dpc, expression was limited to the ventral half of the otic vesicle. Subsequently, the expression became gradually restricted to the cochlear region at 11.5 dpc and 12.5 dpc. At later stages detected exclusively in the cochlea at 14.5 dpc, and the expression in the cochlear duct persisted in the neonate. In the developing kidney, is expressed in the uninduced metanephric mesenchyme at 10.5 dpc and in the induced mesenchyme around the ureteric bud at 11.5 dpc. At 17.5 dpc to P0, expression becomes restricted to a subpopulation of collecting tubule epithelial cells.
messages: Interacts with DACH1 (PubMed:14628042). Interacts with EYA1 (PubMed:15141091). Interacts with EYA2 (By similarity). Interacts with CDH1 (By similarity). Interacts with TBX18 (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPA (PubMed:27923061). Interacts with CEBPB (PubMed:27923061). Interacts with EBF2 (PubMed:27923061).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perinatal lethality. Mice show failure in renal organogenesis, a severe reduction of most migratory hypaxial muscles including those of the forelimb, diaphragm and tongue, and severe rib-cage deformation. Besides, mice display craniofacial defects, including loss of inner ear structures. Pax2, Six2 and Sall1 expression is markedly reduced in the metanephric mesenchyme at 10.5 dpc during kidney development. Mice lacking both Six1 and Eya1 show defects in kidney development, complete absence of hypaxial muscle, severe reduction in epaxial muscle and a 5-10-fold by volume smaller pituarity than the wild-type gland.
messages: Phosphorylated during interphase; becomes hyperphosphorylated during mitosis. Hyperphosphorylation impairs binding to promoter elements (By similarity).
messages: Transcription factor that is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and embryonic development (PubMed:12215533, PubMed:12668636, PubMed:12834866, PubMed:14628042, PubMed:14695375). Plays an important role in the development of several organs, including kidney, muscle and inner ear (PubMed:12668636, PubMed:12783782, PubMed:12834866, PubMed:14628042, PubMed:14695375). Depending on context, functions as transcriptional repressor or activator (PubMed:14628042). Lacks an activation domain, and requires interaction with EYA family members for transcription activation (By similarity). Mediates nuclear translocation of EYA1 and EYA2 (By similarity). Binds the 5'-TCA[AG][AG]TTNC-3' motif present in the MEF3 element in the MYOG promoter and CIDEA enhancer (By similarity). Regulates the expression of numerous genes, including MYC, CCNA1, CCND1 and EZR (PubMed:16488997). Acts as activator of the IGFBP5 promoter, probably coactivated by EYA2 (PubMed:11978764). Repression of precursor cell proliferation in myoblasts is switched to activation through recruitment of EYA3 to the SIX1-DACH1 complex (PubMed:14628042). During myogenesis, seems to act together with EYA2 and DACH2. Regulates the expression of CCNA1 (By similarity). Promotes brown adipocyte differentiation (PubMed:27923061).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex (APC), leading to its proteasomal degradation.

10090:Rhox1
gene id: 10090:Rhox1
uniprot id: B1APN4
uniprot id: Q4TU92
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Arhgef16
gene id: 10090:Arhgef16
uniprot id: Q3U5C8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor of the RHOG GTPase stimulating the exchange of RHOG-associated GDP for GTP. May play a role in chemotactic cell migration by mediating the activation of RAC1 by EPHA2. May also activate CDC42 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with ELMO2, EPHA2, RAC1 and RHOG; mediates activation of RAC1 by EPHA2. Interacts with TAX1BP3 (via PDZ domain) (By similarity).
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with TAX1BP3.

10090:Actr5
gene id: 10090:Actr5
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQ89
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the actin family.

10090:Nnt
gene id: 10090:Nnt
uniprot id: Q8BGK0
names: Similarity
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AlaDH/PNT family.

10090:Mtmr6
gene id: 10090:Mtmr6
uniprot id: Q8VE11
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Allosterically activated by phosphatidylserine and/or phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P), and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P) (By similarity). Interaction with MTMR9 increases catalytic activity towards phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Heterodimer (via C-terminus) with MTMR9 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:23188820, PubMed:12890864). Interacts with ALKBH4 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNN4 (By similarity). Interacts (via GRAM domain) with RAB1B (in GDP-bound form); the interaction regulates MTMR6 recruitment to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (PubMed:23188820).
messages: Isoform 1: Ubiquitously expressed including in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, kidney and testis (at protein level) (PubMed:23188820). Isoform 2: Expressed in testis (at protein level) (PubMed:23188820).
messages: Phosphatase that acts on lipids with a phosphoinositol headgroup. Dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. Binds with high affinity to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) but also to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P), and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P), phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine (By similarity). Negatively regulates ER-Golgi protein transport (By similarity). Probably in association with MTMR9, plays a role in the late stages of macropinocytosis by dephosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in membrane ruffles (PubMed:24591580). Acts as a negative regulator of KCNN4/KCa3.1 channel activity in CD4(+) T-cells possibly by decreasing intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Negatively regulates proliferation of reactivated CD4(+) T-cells. In complex with MTMR9, negatively regulates DNA damage-induced apoptosis. The formation of the MTMR6-MTMR9 complex stabilizes both MTMR6 and MTMR9 protein levels (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminus domain (aa 502-617) mediates interaction with MTMR9.
messages: The GRAM domain is required for cell membrane localization.
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Tm9sf4
gene id: 10090:Tm9sf4
uniprot id: Q8BH24
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Associates with proteins harboring glycine-rich transmembrane domains and ensures their efficient localization to the cell surface.
messages: Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam83g
gene id: 10090:Fam83g
uniprot id: Q5SWY7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: BMP signaling induces the phosphorylation by BMPR1A at Ser-609, Ser-613 and Ser-615. Phosphorylation at Ser-609 is necessary for the activation of SMAD4-independent BMP target genes such as NEDD9 and ASNS.
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: Interacts with SMAD1 (via MH2 domain); in a SMAD4-independent manner.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Substrate for type I BMP receptor kinase involved in regulation of some target genes of the BMP signaling pathway. Also regulates the expression of several non-BMP target genes, suggesting a role in other signaling pathways.
messages: cytosol

10090:Fbn2
gene id: 10090:Fbn2
uniprot id: Q61555
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fibrillin family.
messages: Fibrillins are structural components of 10-12 nm extracellular calcium-binding microfibrils, which occur either in association with elastin or in elastin-free bundles (PubMed:20855508). Fibrillin-2-containing microfibrils regulate the early process of elastic fiber assembly. Regulates osteoblast maturation by controlling TGF-beta bioavailability and calibrating TGF-beta and BMP levels, respectively (PubMed:20855508).
messages: Hormone secreted by trophoblasts that promotes trophoblast invasiveness (By similarity). Has glucogenic activity: is able to increase plasma glucose levels (PubMed:32329225).
messages: Interacts with BMP2, BMP4, BMP7, BMP10 and GDF5. Interacts with MFAP2 and MFAP5. Interacts with ADAMTSL5. Interacts with MFAP4.
messages: Limb-patterning defects characterized by bilateral syndactyly due to disorganized matrix (PubMed:11470817). Digit fusion involves both soft and hard tissues and is associated with reduced apoptosis at affected sites (PubMed:11470817). Mice show a well developed and morphologically normal aortic wall (PubMed:16407178). Mice display a low bone mass phenotype that is associated with reduced bone formation (PubMed:20855508).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: O-glycosylated on serine residues by POGLUT2 and POGLUT3.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed during the first week of osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:P4hb
gene id: 10090:P4hb
uniprot id: P09103
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with the protein microsomal triglyceride transfer MTTP. Homodimer. Monomers and homotetramers may also occur. Interacts with P4HA2, forming a heterotetramer consisting of 2 alpha subunits (P4HA2) and 2 beta (P4HB), where P4HB plays the role of a structural subunit; this tetramer catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyproline in collagen (PubMed:7753822). Also constitutes the structural subunit of the microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein MTTP in mammalian cells. Stabilizes both enzymes and retain them in the ER without contributing to the catalytic activity. Binds UBQLN1. Interacts with ERO1B (By similarity). Interacts with ILDR2 (PubMed:33863978). Interacts with ERN1/IRE1A (via N-terminus); the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation of P4HB by FAM20C in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress and results in attenuation of ERN1 activity (By similarity).
messages: In the mammary gland, expressed at higher levels in lactating mice than in virgin mice.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-359 by FAM20C is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and results in a functional switch from oxidoreductase to molecular chaperone. It also promotes interaction with ERN1.
messages: This multifunctional protein catalyzes the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. At the cell surface, seems to act as a reductase that cleaves disulfide bonds of proteins attached to the cell. May therefore cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. Inside the cell, seems to form/rearrange disulfide bonds of nascent proteins. At high concentrations and following phosphorylation by FAM20C, functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. At low concentrations, facilitates aggregation (anti-chaperone activity). May be involved with other chaperones in the structural modification of the TG precursor in hormone biogenesis. Also acts as a structural subunit of various enzymes such as prolyl 4-hydroxylase and microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein MTTP (By similarity). Receptor for LGALS9; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration (PubMed:21670307).

10090:Otud1
gene id: 10090:Otud1
uniprot id: Q9CUB6
names: Domain
names: Function
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin to monoubiquitin. Required for the stability and translation of a subset mRNAs with a high abundance of rare codons by mediating deubiquitination of 40S ribosomal protein RPS10/eS10, thereby antagonizing ZNF598-mediated 40S ubiquitination. The abundance of rare codons in mRNAs can limit the translation rate and can lead to ribosome collisions that trigger activation of ribosome quality control (RQC) pathway by ZNF598. OTUD1-mediated deubiquitination prevents activation of the RQC and subsequent dissociation of ribosomes and stimulates formation of polysomes and translation.
messages: Specificity is not given by the S1' ubiquitin-binding site within the OTU domain (composed of the Cys-, His- and Variable-loops).
messages: The UIM repeat increases the specificity and efficiency of the enzyme toward 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin.

10090:Pde9a
gene id: 10090:Pde9a
uniprot id: O70628
uniprot id: Q8BSU4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE9 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ions per subunit. Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit: site 1 preferentially binds zinc, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium. Binds magnesium less tightly than zinc.
messages: Binds 1 Zn(2+) ion per subunit. Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit: site 1 preferentially binds zinc, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium. Tightly binds zinc.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in kidney. Lower levels in liver, lung and brain (PubMed:9624145). Widely expressed in brain, with highest expression in cerebellar Purkinje cells (PubMed:14501210). Present in heart (at protein level) (PubMed:25799991).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by SCH 51866 and moderately, by zaprinast. Specifically inhibited by PF-04447943 (6-[(3S,4S)-4-methyl-1-(pyrimidin-2-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl]-1-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one) (PubMed:22328573).
messages: Mice hearts develop less dilation and dysfunction when exposed to sustained pressure overload.
messages: Specifically hydrolyzes the second messenger cGMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes (PubMed:9624145). Highly specific: compared to other members of the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family, has the highest affinity and selectivity for cGMP. Specifically regulates natriuretic-peptide-dependent cGMP signaling in heart, acting as a regulator of cardiac hypertrophy in myocytes and muscle. Does not regulate nitric oxide-dependent cGMP in heart (PubMed:25799991). Additional experiments are required to confirm whether its ability to hydrolyze natriuretic-peptide-dependent cGMP is specific to heart or is a general feature of the protein (Probable). In brain, involved in cognitive function, such as learning and long-term memory (PubMed:22328573, PubMed:24746365).
messages: perinuclear region
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Cyp1a1
gene id: 10090:Cyp1a1
uniprot id: P00184
uniprot id: Q05A20
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of various endogenous substrates, including fatty acids, steroid hormones and vitamins. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Exhibits high catalytic activity for the formation of hydroxyestrogens from estrone (E1) and 17beta-estradiol (E2), namely 2-hydroxy E1 and E2, as well as D-ring hydroxylated E1 and E2 at the C15alpha and C16alpha positions. Displays different regioselectivities for polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) hydroxylation. Catalyzes the epoxidation of double bonds of certain PUFA. Converts arachidonic acid toward epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) regioisomers, 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-EET, that function as lipid mediators in the vascular system. Displays an absolute stereoselectivity in the epoxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) producing the 17(R),18(S) enantiomer. May play an important role in all-trans retinoic acid biosynthesis in extrahepatic tissues. Catalyzes two successive oxidative transformation of all-trans retinol to all-trans retinal and then to the active form all-trans retinoic acid. May also participate in eicosanoids metabolism by converting hydroperoxide species into oxo metabolites (lipoxygenase-like reaction, NADPH-independent).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: By 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC).
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. They oxidize a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with cytosolic chaperones HSP70 and HSP90; this interaction is required for initial targeting to mitochondria. Interacts (via mitochondrial targeting signal) with TOMM40 (via N-terminus); this interaction is required for translocation across the mitochondrial outer membrane.
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Kxd1
gene id: 10090:Kxd1
uniprot id: Q80XH1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor (By similarity). May also be involved in the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles such as melanosomes (PubMed:22554196).
messages: Belongs to the KXD1 family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) which is composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BORCS5, BORCS6, BORCS7, BORCS8, KXD1 and SNAPIN (By similarity). Associates with the BLOC-1 complex. Interacts with BLOC1S1. Interacts with DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 (via coiled-coil domain) (PubMed:22554196).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Show defects in the lysosome-related organelles (LRO) biogenesis, mimicking mildly the human Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS).
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Kdm5a
gene id: 10090:Kdm5a
uniprot id: Q3UXZ9
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JARID1 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-9', H3 'Lys-27', H3 'Lys-36', H3 'Lys-79' or H4 'Lys-20'. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 'Lys-4' (PubMed:17320161, PubMed:17320163). Regulates specific gene transcription through DNA-binding on 5'-CCGCCC-3' motif. May stimulate transcription mediated by nuclear receptors. Involved in transcriptional regulation of Hox proteins during cell differentiation (By similarity). May participate in transcriptional repression of cytokines such as CXCL12. Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm and in maintaining the normal periodicity of the circadian clock. In a histone demethylase-independent manner, acts as a coactivator of the CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER1/2 and other clock-controlled genes and increases histone acetylation at PER1/2 promoters by inhibiting the activity of HDAC1 (PubMed:21960634). Seems to act as a transcriptional corepressor for some genes such as MT1F and to favor the proliferation of cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with RB1, ESR1, MYC, MYCN and LMO2 (By similarity). Interacts with SUZ12; the interaction is direct (PubMed:20064375). Interacts with BMAL1 and CLOCK (PubMed:21960634). Interacts with HDAC1; this interaction impairs histone deacetylation by HDAC1 (PubMed:21960634). Interacts (via PHD-type 1 zinc finger) with histone H3 unmodified at 'Lys-4' and (via PHD-type 3 zinc finger) with histone H3 di- and trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (By similarity).
messages: Mice are grossly normal, except that they exhibit behavioral abnormalities when held upside down by the tail, and slight hematological defects.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The GSGFP motif is required for the interaction with SUZ12 (PubMed:20064375). The ARID domain specifically binds to the CCGCCC motif and is required for the lysine-specific histone demethylase activity. The PHD-type 3 zinc finger is required for the interaction with histone H3 di- and trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Srpk3
gene id: 10090:Srpk3
uniprot id: Q9Z0G2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Exclusively expressed in skeletal and heart muscle.
messages: Expressed from embryogenesis to adulthood.
messages: Mice are viable to adulthood but display defects in skeletal muscle growth including reduced muscle mass, marked increase in centrally placed nuclei and disorganized intermyofibrillar network.
messages: Serine/arginine-rich protein-specific kinase which specifically phosphorylates its substrates at serine residues located in regions rich in arginine/serine dipeptides, known as RS domains. Phosphorylates the SR splicing factor SRSF1 and the lamin-B receptor (LBR) in vitro. Required for normal muscle development.

10090:Lims2
gene id: 10090:Lims2
uniprot id: Q91XD2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein in a cytoplasmic complex linking beta-integrins to the actin cytoskeleton, bridges the complex to cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases and growth factor receptors.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in heart, lung, kidney, liver, urinary bladder, fat, skin, skeletal muscle, uterus, large intestine and testis.
messages: Interacts with integrin-linked protein kinase 1 (ILK) via the first LIM domain, and in competition with LIMS1. Part of the heterotrimeric IPP complex composed of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), LIMS1 or LIMS2, and PARVA (By similarity). Interacts with TGFB1I1.
messages: Not detectable during early stages of embryogenesis. Detected at low levels at 14.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc. Highly expressed at 17.5 dpc.
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Or6k6
gene id: 10090:Or6k6
uniprot id: E9Q0M4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fndc3c1
gene id: 10090:Fndc3c1
uniprot id: Q6DFV6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FNDC3 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Dcaf8
gene id: 10090:Dcaf8
uniprot id: Q8N7N5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat DCAF8 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the brain at 8.5 dpc, 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the brain.
messages: Interacts with DDB1, CUL4A and CUL4B. Interacts with KPNA1, KPNB1 and XPO1.
messages: May function as a substrate receptor for CUL4-DDB1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The homozygous loop-tail (Lp) mouse has a severe neural tube closure defect, analogous to the craniorachischisis phenotype seen in humans. This gene has been mapped to The Lp critical region.

10090:Or8c15
gene id: 10090:Or8c15
uniprot id: K7N678
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm13290
gene id: 10090:Gm13290
uniprot id: Q8CD73
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ctif
gene id: 10090:Ctif
uniprot id: Q6PEE2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CTIF family.
messages: Interacts with NCBP1/CBP80; the interaction is direct. Associates with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex (By similarity).
messages: Specifically required for the pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the cap-binding complex (CBC), that takes place during or right after mRNA export via the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Acts via its interaction with the NCBP1/CBP80 component of the CBC complex and recruits the 40S small subunit of the ribosome via eIF3. In contrast, it is not involved in steady state translation, that takes place when the CBC complex is replaced by cytoplasmic cap-binding protein eIF4E. Also required for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), the pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the cap-binding complex playing a central role in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Kcnc4
gene id: 10090:Kcnc4
uniprot id: A0A571BG98
uniprot id: Q8R1C0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. C (Shaw) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv3.4/KCNC4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Homotetramer (Probable). Heterotetramer of potassium channel proteins (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation of serine residues in the inactivation gate inhibits rapid channel closure.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: The tail may be important in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: This protein mediates the voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient (By similarity).

10090:Zfp827
gene id: 10090:Zfp827
uniprot id: Q505G8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of a ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of HNRNPK, HNRNPL and the circular RNA circZNF827 that nucleates the complex on chromatin, may negatively regulate the transcription of genes involved in neuronal differentiation. Could also recruit the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase/NuRD complex to telomeric regions of chromosomes to regulate chromatin remodeling as part of telomere maintenance.
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a transcription inhibitory ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of the circular RNA circZNF827, HNRNPK and HNRNPL. Interacts with the nucleosome remodeling and histone deacetylase/NuRD complex. Interacts with RBBP4; the interaction is direct and recruits RBBP4, a component of the NuRD complex, to telomeres.
messages: telomere

10090:Usp50
gene id: 10090:Usp50
uniprot id: Q6P8X6
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: May recognize and hydrolyze the peptide bond at the C-terminal Gly of ubiquitin. Involved in the processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors as well as that of ubiquitinated proteins (By similarity).
messages: The human ortholog is inactive.

10090:Ftsj3
gene id: 10090:Ftsj3
uniprot id: Q9DBE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. SPB1 subfamily.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Interacts with NIP7.
messages: RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase involved in the processing of the 34S pre-rRNA to 18S rRNA and in 40S ribosomal subunit formation.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Prc1
gene id: 10090:Prc1
uniprot id: G3UW86
uniprot id: G3UY19
uniprot id: Q99K43
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAP65/ASE1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During the stages 11.5-13.5 dpc it is expressed in most embryonic tissues. Within the telencephalon, it is predominantly expressed inside the ventricular zone where expression reaches its peak at 15.5 dpc and starts to decrease by 18.5 dpc. Expression is also observed in mitotically active cells outside the telencephalon, but not in adult brain.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with the C-terminal Rho-GAP domain and the basic region of RACGAP1. The interaction with RACGAP1 inhibits its GAP activity towards CDC42 in vitro, which may be required for maintaining normal spindle morphology. Interacts (via N-terminus) with the C-terminus of CENPE (via C-terminus); the interaction occurs during late mitosis. Interacts (via N-terminus) with KIF4A (via C-terminus); the interaction is required for the progression of mitosis. Interacts (via N-terminus) with KIF23 (via C-terminus); the interaction occurs during late mitosis. Interacts with KIF14 and KIF20A. Interacts with PLK1. Interacts with KIF20B.
messages: Key regulator of cytokinesis that cross-links antiparrallel microtubules at an average distance of 35 nM. Essential for controlling the spatiotemporal formation of the midzone and successful cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Required to recruit PLK1 to the spindle. Stimulates PLK1 phosphorylation of RACGAP1 to allow recruitment of ECT2 to the central spindle. Acts as an oncogene for promoting bladder cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis inhibition and carcinogenic progression.
messages: Microtubule binding occurs via a basic patch in the central spectrin-like domain and requires also the unstructured C-terminal domain.
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CDK1 in early mitosis holds PRC1 in an inactive monomeric state, during the metaphase to anaphase transition, PRC1 is dephosphorylated, promoting interaction with KIF4A, which then translocates PRC1 along mitotic spindles to the plus ends of antiparallel interdigitating microtubules. Dephosphorylation also promotes MT-bundling activity by allowing dimerization. Phosphorylation by CDK1 prevents PLK1-binding: upon degradation of CDK1 at anaphase and dephosphorylation, it is then phosphorylated by PLK1, leading to cytokinesis (By similarity).
messages: Probable intron retention.
messages: spindle pole

10090:Sde2
gene id: 10090:Sde2
uniprot id: Q8K1J5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SDE2 family.
messages: Both SDE2-UBL and the mature SDE2 are polyubiquitinated.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibits translesion DNA synthesis by preventing monoubiquitination of PCNA, this is necessary to counteract damage due to ultraviolet light-induced replication stress (By similarity). SDE2 is cleaved following PCNA binding, and its complete degradation is necessary to allow S-phase progression following DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via PIP-box) with PCNA; the interaction is direct and prevents ultraviolet light induced monoubiquitination of PCNA (By similarity). Interacts with FBL/fibrillarin (By similarity). Interacts with CACTIN (By similarity). Interacts with SF3B1 (By similarity). Interacts with U2AF1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing by facilitating excision of relatively short introns featuring weak 3'-splice sites (ss) and high GC content (By similarity). May recruit CACTIN to the spliceosome (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis by enabling SNORD3- and SNORD118-dependent cleavage of the 47S rRNA precursor (By similarity). Binds ncRNA (non-coding RNA) including the snoRNAs SNORD3 and SNORD118 (By similarity).
messages: The PIP-box (PCNA interacting peptide) motif mediates both the interaction with PCNA and cleavage of the SDE2 precursor by a deubiquitinating enzyme.
messages: The SAP domain is necessary for specific binding to DNA.
messages: The propeptide displays a ubiquitin-like fold.
messages: Upon binding to PCNA, the N-terminal UBL (ubiquitin-like) propeptide is cleaved at Gly-77 by an unidentified deubiquitinating enzyme; the resulting mature SDE2 is degraded by the DCX(DTL) complex in a cell cycle- and DNA damage dependent manner.

10090:5730455P16Rik
gene id: 10090:5730455P16Rik
uniprot id: Q9CYI0
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with TBC1D23; this interaction may be indirect.
messages: May have a role in spermatogenesis.

10090:Vmn1r246
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r246
uniprot id: K9J7H2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Thrb
gene id: 10090:Thrb
uniprot id: P37242
uniprot id: Q3UZT5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer; homodimer and heterodimer with RXRB. Interacts with the coactivators NCOA1/SRC1, NCOA2/GRIP1, NCOA7 and MED1/TRAP220 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with the corepressor NCOR1 in absence of ligand (By similarity). Interacts with C1D. Interacts with NR2F6; the interaction impairs the binding of the THRB homodimer and THRB:RXRB heterodimer to T3 response elements. Interacts with PRMT2 and THRSP (By similarity). Interacts with TACC1; this interaction is decreased in the presence of thyroid hormone T3 (By similarity).
messages: Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain.
messages: Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Npdc1
gene id: 10090:Npdc1
uniprot id: Q64322
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NPDC1/cab-1 family.
messages: Expressed in the brain and nervous system. Not detected in liver, heart, skeletal muscle, spleen, pancreas, pituitary and adrenal glands. Expression increases when cultured neural cells are growth-arrested and begin to differentiate.
messages: Membrane
messages: Suppresses oncogenic transformation in neural and non-neural cells and down-regulates neural cell proliferation. Might be involved in transcriptional regulation.

10090:Ngdn
gene id: 10090:Ngdn
uniprot id: Q9DB96
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SAS10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis, ovary, spleen, kidney, hippocampus and cerebellum (at protein level). Expressed in testis, ovary, spleen, kidney, brain.
messages: Interacts with CPEB1 and EIF4E.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the small subunit (SSU) processome, first precursor of the small eukaryotic ribosomal subunit. During the assembly of the SSU processome in the nucleolus, many ribosome biogenesis factors, an RNA chaperone and ribosomal proteins associate with the nascent pre-rRNA and work in concert to generate RNA folding, modifications, rearrangements and cleavage as well as targeted degradation of pre-ribosomal RNA by the RNA exosome. Its dissociation from the complex determines the transition from state pre-A1 to state pre-A1* (By similarity). Inhibits mRNA translation in a cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE)-dependent manner (PubMed:16705177).
messages: axon
messages: centromere
messages: dendrite
messages: filopodium
messages: nucleolus

10090:Zfp131
gene id: 10090:Zfp131
uniprot id: Q8K3J5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expression found as early as 8.5 dpc. High expression is found in the developing limb buds of embryos.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation as a repressor of ESR1/ER-alpha signaling (By similarity). Plays a role during development and organogenesis as well as in the function of the adult central nervous system.
messages: Monosumoylated at Lys-598 by CBX4 and UHRF2. Sumoylation may potentiate ZNF131 inhibition of estrogen signaling. Sumoylation does not interfere with ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Predominant expression is found in the developing central nervous system with strongest signals in the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain areas and in the neural tube.

10090:Lyve1
gene id: 10090:Lyve1
uniprot id: Q8BHC0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with PDGFB and IGFBP3. Forms a transient ternary complex with PDGFB and PDGFRB in TGN.
messages: Ligand-specific transporter trafficking between intracellular organelles (TGN) and the plasma membrane. Plays a role in autocrine regulation of cell growth mediated by growth regulators containing cell surface retention sequence binding (CRS). May act as a hyaluronan (HA) transporter, either mediating its uptake for catabolism within lymphatic endothelial cells themselves, or its transport into the lumen of afferent lymphatic vessels for subsequent re-uptake and degradation in lymph nodes (PubMed:10187853). Binds to pericelluar hyaluronan matrices deposited on the surface of leukocytes and facilitates cell adhesion and migration through lymphatic endothelium (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: O-glycosylated.

10090:Fbxl20
gene id: 10090:Fbxl20
uniprot id: Q9CZV8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Altered electrophysiological synaptic activity, with increased frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in brain.
messages: Interacts with SKP1 and CUL1.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Isoform 3 regulates neural transmission by binding and ubiquitinating RIMS1, a modulator of presynaptic plasticity.

10090:Slc13a2
gene id: 10090:Slc13a2
uniprot id: Q9ES88
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. NADC subfamily.
messages: Deficient mice display increased urinary excretion of citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, fumarate, and malate and a modest increase in succinate. Despite the increased excretion, there is no significant change in plasma citrate concentration. No other phenotypic change is identified in these mice. Transporter deficiency do not affect renal function under normal physiological conditions, nor to response to renal injury.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney and small intestine. Not detectable in brain, heart, stomach and skeletal muscle.
messages: Li(+) decreases succinate transport in the presence of Na(+), by competing at one of the three cation binding sites.
messages: Low-affinity sodium-dicarboxylate cotransporter, that mediates the entry of citric acid cycle intermediates, such as succinate, citrate, fumarate and alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate) into the small intestine and renal proximal tubule (PubMed:10966927) (By similarity). Can transport citrate in a Na(+)-dependent manner, recognizing the divalent form of citrate rather than the trivalent form which is normally found in blood (PubMed:10966927). Transports the dicarboxylate into the cell with a probable stoichiometry of 3 Na(+) for 1 divalent dicarboxylate, rendering the process electrogenic (By similarity). Has a critical role in renal dicarboxylate transport (PubMed:17410095).

10090:Sars2
gene id: 10090:Sars2
uniprot id: Q9JJL8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type-1 seryl-tRNA synthetase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of serine to tRNA(Ser). Is also probably able to aminoacylate tRNA(Sec) with serine, to form the misacylated tRNA L-seryl-tRNA(Sec), which will be further converted into selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec).
messages: Consists of two distinct domains, a catalytic core and a N-terminal extension that is involved in tRNA binding.
messages: Homodimer. The tRNA molecule probably binds across the dimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Gon4l
gene id: 10090:Gon4l
uniprot id: E9Q507
uniprot id: Q32NZ8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Myorg
gene id: 10090:Myorg
uniprot id: Q69ZQ1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 31 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, liver, spleen, skeletal muscle, heart, lung and kidney (PubMed:29910000). High expression is observed in the cerebellum, specifically in astrocytes (PubMed:29910000). Highly expressed in skeletal muscle (at protein level) (PubMed:19706595).
messages: Interacts with IGF2; this interaction is required for IGF2 secretion (PubMed:19706595).
messages: Knockout mice develop bilateral calcifications in the thalamus, due to the formation of calcium phosphate deposits.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Putative glycosidase. Promotes myogenesis by activating AKT signaling through the maturation and secretion of IGF2 (PubMed:19706595).
messages: The requirement of the predicted catalytic residue Asp-462 to support myogenic function strongly suggests that MYORG is an enzymatically active glycosidase in vivo, even if concrete experimental proof for enzymatic activity is still missing.
messages: Up-regulated during C2C12 myogenic differentiation.

10090:Klk1b3
gene id: 10090:Klk1b3
uniprot id: P00756
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: 7S NGF alpha chain stabilizes the 7S complex. The beta dimer promotes neurite growth. The gamma chain is an arginine-specific protease; it may also have plasminogen activator activity, as well as mitogenic activity for chick embryo fibroblasts.
messages: 7S nerve growth factor is composed of two alpha chains, a beta dimer composed of identical chains, and two gamma chains.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per 7S complex. The Zn(2+) ions are bound at the alpha-gamma interfaces.
messages: This precursor is cleaved into segments to produce the active form of the gamma chain, which occurs naturally as combinations of either two or three segments held together by disulfide bonds: B1 and A, or B1, C and B2.

10090:Prr14
gene id: 10090:Prr14
uniprot id: Q7TPN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in skeletal myocytes with increasing expression during differentiation and in the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle in newborn and at higher levels in 10 days old mice (at protein level).
messages: Functions in tethering peripheral heterochromatin to the nuclear lamina during interphase, possibly through the interaction with heterochromatin protein CBX5/HP1 alpha (By similarity). Might play a role in reattaching heterochromatin to the nuclear lamina at mitotic exit (By similarity). Promotes myoblast differentiation during skeletal myogenesis, possibly by stimulating transcription factor MyoD activity via binding to CBX5/HP1 alpha (PubMed:25906157) (By similarity). Involved in the positive regulation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway and in promoting cell proliferation, possibly via binding to GRB2 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via proline-rich region) with GRB2 (via SH3 domain 2). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CBX5.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus lamina
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Exosc5
gene id: 10090:Exosc5
uniprot id: Q9CRA8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase PH family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Component of the RNA exosome complex. Specifically part of the catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex which is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. Exo-9 is formed by a hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits specifically containing the heterodimers EXOSC4-EXOSC9, EXOSC5-EXOSC8 and EXOSC6-EXOSC7, and peripheral S1 domain-containing components EXOSC1, EXOSC2 and EXOSC3 located on the top of the ring structure. Interacts with EXOSC1. Interacts with GTPBP1. Interacts with ZC3HAV1. Interacts with DDX17 only in the presence of ZC3HAV1 in an RNA-independent manner.
messages: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes (By similarity). In vitro, EXOSC5 does not bind or digest single-stranded RNA and binds to double-stranded DNA without detectable DNase activity (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Isca2
gene id: 10090:Isca2
uniprot id: Q9DCB8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HesB/IscA family.
messages: Involved in the maturation of mitochondrial 4Fe-4S proteins functioning late in the iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway. May be involved in the binding of an intermediate of Fe/S cluster assembly.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Vmn1r129
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r129
uniprot id: E9QA94
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cnn3
gene id: 10090:Cnn3
uniprot id: Q9DAW9
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the calponin family.
messages: Thin filament-associated protein that is implicated in the regulation and modulation of smooth muscle contraction. It is capable of binding to actin, calmodulin and tropomyosin. The interaction of calponin with actin inhibits the actomyosin Mg-ATPase activity (By similarity).

10090:Atp13a5
gene id: 10090:Atp13a5
uniprot id: D3YU82
uniprot id: Q3TYU2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in brain and stomach.

10090:Dennd5b
gene id: 10090:Dennd5b
uniprot id: A2RSQ0
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RAB6IP1 family.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB39A and/or RAB39B. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable cloning artifact.

10090:Ntn1
gene id: 10090:Ntn1
uniprot id: O09118
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to its receptors; DCC, UNC5A, UNC5B, UNC5C and probably UNC5D (By similarity). Binds to its receptor; DSCAM (PubMed:18585357). Interacts with APP (PubMed:27068745).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the embryo, widely expressed in the developing nervous system and in mesodermal tissues.
messages: Netrins control guidance of CNS commissural axons and peripheral motor axons. Its association with either DCC or some UNC5 receptors will lead to axon attraction or repulsion, respectively. Binding to UNC5C might cause dissociation of UNC5C from polymerized TUBB3 in microtubules and thereby lead to increased microtubule dynamics and axon repulsion (PubMed:28483977). Involved in dorsal root ganglion axon projection towards the spinal cord (PubMed:28483977). It also serves as a survival factor via its association with its receptors which prevent the initiation of apoptosis. Involved in colorectal tumorigenesis by regulating apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccnb1ip1
gene id: 10090:Ccnb1ip1
uniprot id: D3Z3K2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Both male and female mice are sterile. Males do not make sperm and have much smaller testes, a characteristic of mutants with meiotic defects. Early stages of meiosis occur normally and full synapsis of homologous chromosomes (homologs) is achieved. However, crossover-specific recombination complexes do not assemble and crossing-overs fail. In spermatocytes, chromosomes fail to congress properly at the metaphase plate, leading to arrest and apoptosis before the first meiotic division. Mutant oocytes have a similar chromosomal phenotype but can undergo meiotic divisions and fertilization before arresting. During late meiotic prophase males, absence of Cdk2 and mismatch repair protein association from chromosome cores is correlated with the premature separation of bivalents at diplonema owing to lack of chiasmata.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed predominantly in the testes and 17 day embryos (corresponding to prophase I in females). Weakly or not expressed in other tissues.
messages: In spermatocytes, synaptonemal complex-associated Ccnb1ip1 foci are detected by early pachynema and their number peaks during midpachynema. In late-pachytene nuclei, Ccnb1ip1 foci number descrease. At the onset of diplonema, foci are no longer detected (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CCNB1, UBE2L3 and NF2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1 on serine or threonine residues (in vitro).
messages: Ubiquitin E3 ligase that acts as a limiting factor for crossing-over during meiosis: required during zygonema to limit the colocalization of RNF212 with MutS-gamma-associated recombination sites and thereby establish early differentiation of crossover and non-crossover sites. Later, it is directed by MutL-gamma to stably accumulate at designated crossover sites. Probably promotes the dissociation of RNF212 and MutS-gamma to allow the progression of recombination and the implementation of the final steps of crossing over. Modulates cyclin-B levels and participates in the regulation of cell cycle progression through the G2 phase. Overexpression causes delayed entry into mitosis.
messages: Ubiquitinated; autoubiquitinated.

10090:Enox2
gene id: 10090:Enox2
uniprot id: Q8R0Z2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ENOX family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Inhibited by the antitumor sulfonylurea LY181984, the vabilloid capsaicin, and retinoids.
messages: May be involved in cell growth. Probably acts as a terminal oxidase of plasma electron transport from cytosolic NAD(P)H via hydroquinones to acceptors at the cell surface. Hydroquinone oxidase activity alternates with a protein disulfide-thiol interchange/oxidoreductase activity which may control physical membrane displacements associated with vesicle budding or cell enlargement. The activities oscillate with a period length of 22 minutes and play a role in control of the ultradian cellular biological clock (By similarity).
messages: extracellular space

10090:Or52b2
gene id: 10090:Or52b2
uniprot id: Q8VGW5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cpsf4l
gene id: 10090:Cpsf4l
uniprot id: E9Q2N0
uniprot id: G3UWW6
uniprot id: Q3TTY7
uniprot id: Q9DBA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CPSF4/YTH1 family.
messages: Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. CPSF4 binds RNA polymers with a preference for poly(U).
messages: Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Urgcp
gene id: 10090:Urgcp
uniprot id: Q5NCI0
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Very large inducible GTPase (VLIG) family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be involved in cell cycle progression through the regulation of cyclin D1 expression.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Chrna4
gene id: 10090:Chrna4
uniprot id: O70174
uniprot id: Q53YK0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane permeable to sodium ions.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Alpha-4/CHRNA4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Neuronal AChR is composed of two different types of subunits: alpha and beta. Alpha-4 subunit can be combined to beta-2 or beta-4 to give rise to functional receptors, complexes with beta-2 may be heteropentamers. Interacts with RIC3; which is required for proper folding and assembly. Interacts with LYPD6. The heteropentamer alpha-4-beta-2 interacts with alpha-conotoxins PnIA, GID and MII (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Snx9
gene id: 10090:Snx9
uniprot id: Q3U1P2
uniprot id: Q91VH2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in inner ear vestibula and in the cuticular plate of cochlear hair cells (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer, and homooligomer. Heterodimer with SNX18. Interacts with ITCH. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with TNK2, WASL and ACTR3. Identified in a complex with TNK2 and clathrin heavy chains. Identified in a complex with the AP-2 complex, clathrin and DNM2. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with DNM1 and DNM2. Identified in an oligomeric complex containing DNM1 and SNX9 (By similarity). Interacts with FCHSD1 (PubMed:23437151). Interacts with ADAM9 and ADAM15 cytoplasmic tails (PubMed:10531379).
messages: Involved in endocytosis and intracellular vesicle trafficking, both during interphase and at the end of mitosis. Required for efficient progress through mitosis and cytokinesis. Required for normal formation of the cleavage furrow at the end of mitosis. Plays a role in endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits, but also clathrin-independent, actin-dependent fluid-phase endocytosis. Plays a role in macropinocytosis. Promotes internalization of TNFR. Promotes degradation of EGFR after EGF signaling. Stimulates the GTPase activity of DNM1. Promotes DNM1 oligomerization. Promotes activation of the Arp2/3 complex by WASL, and thereby plays a role in the reorganization of the F-actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:23437151). Binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and promotes membrane tubulation. Has lower affinity for membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by TNK2. Phosphorylation promotes its activity in the degradation of EGFR (By similarity).
messages: The PX domain mediates interaction with membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol phosphate. Has high affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, but can also bind to membranes enriched in other phosphatidylinositol phosphates.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ITCH.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle
messages: ruffle
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Fkbp9
gene id: 10090:Fkbp9
uniprot id: Q9Z247
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed in all developmental stages.
messages: Inhibited by FK506.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins during protein synthesis.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Predominantly expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, lung, liver and kidney. Lower levels found in brain, spleen and testis.

10090:Slc45a2
gene id: 10090:Slc45a2
uniprot id: P58355
uniprot id: Q541S3
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycoside-pentoside-hexuronide (GPH) cation symporter transporter (TC 2.A.2) family.
messages: Defects in Slc45a2 are the cause of the UW-dbr phenotype that results in loss of nearly all pigmentation in the homozygous state.
messages: Interacts with TYRP1.
messages: Mainly expressed in eyeballs and skin melanocytes (PubMed:25164149, PubMed:35469906). Also detected in kidney, colon, gall bladder and pancreas (PubMed:25164149).
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice have clear white fur with red and transparent eyes without melanin in the retinal pigment epithelium chorioid.
messages: Proton-associated glucose and sucrose transporter (PubMed:25164149, PubMed:35469906). May be able to transport also fructose (PubMed:25164149). Expressed at a late melanosome maturation stage where functions as proton/glucose exporter which increase lumenal pH by decreasing glycolysis (PubMed:32966160, PubMed:35469906). Regulates melanogenesis by maintaining melanosome neutralization that is initially initiated by transient OCA2 and required for a proper function of the tyrosinase TYR (PubMed:32966160, PubMed:35469906).

10090:Mrps30
gene id: 10090:Mrps30
uniprot id: Q9D0G0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL65 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Parn
gene id: 10090:Parn
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0P6
uniprot id: Q8VDG3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 3'-exoribonuclease that has a preference for poly(A) tails of mRNAs, thereby efficiently degrading poly(A) tails. Exonucleolytic degradation of the poly(A) tail is often the first step in the decay of eukaryotic mRNAs and is also used to silence certain maternal mRNAs translationally during oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Interacts with both the 3'-end poly(A) tail and the 5'-end cap structure during degradation, the interaction with the cap structure being required for an efficient degradation of poly(A) tails. Involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a critical process of selective degradation of mRNAs that contain premature stop codons. Also involved in degradation of inherently unstable mRNAs that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) in their 3'-UTR, possibly via its interaction with KHSRP. Probably mediates the removal of poly(A) tails of AREs mRNAs, which constitutes the first step of destabilization (By similarity). Also able to recognize poly(A) tails of microRNAs such as MIR21 and H/ACA box snoRNAs (small nucleolar RNAs) leading to leading to microRNAs degradation or snoRNA increased stability (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the CAF1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Divalent metal cations. Mg(2+) is the most probable.
messages: Homodimer. Found in a mRNA decay complex with RENT1, RENT2 and RENT3B. Interacts with KHSRP. Interacts with CELF1/CUGBP1. Interacts with ZC3HAV1 in an RNA-independent manner. Interacts with DHX36.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by MAPKAPK2, preventing GADD45A mRNA degradation after genotoxic stress.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Trmt44
gene id: 10090:Trmt44
uniprot id: Q9D2Q2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRM44 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Probable adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent tRNA (uracil-O(2)-)-methyltransferase.

10090:Vegfb
gene id: 10090:Vegfb
uniprot id: P49766
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in heart, brain, kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.
messages: Growth factor for endothelial cells. VEGF-B167 binds heparin and neuropilin-1 whereas the binding to neuropilin-1 of VEGF-B186 is regulated by proteolysis. VEGF-B seems to be required for normal heart function in adult but is not required for proper development of the cardiovascular system either during development or for angiogenesis in adults.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Can also form heterodimer with VEGF.
messages: Secreted
messages: VEGF-B186 is O-glycosylated.

10090:Ythdc1
gene id: 10090:Ythdc1
uniprot id: E9Q5K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Embryonic lethality (PubMed:29799838). Conditional deletion in germ cells leads to infertility in both males and females: mice are viable and grossly normal but male mice lack any germ cells including mitotic spermatogonia, while female oocyte maturation is arrested at the primary follicle stage (PubMed:29799838). Ythdc1-deficient oocytes contain large cytoplasmic RNA granules, show extensive alternative polyadenylation, thereby altering 3'-UTR length, and massive alternative splicing defects (PubMed:29799838).
messages: Interacts with SRSF1. Interacts with SRSF2 (By similarity). Interacts with SRSF3 (PubMed:29799838). Interacts with SRSF7 (PubMed:29799838). Interacts with SRSF10 (By similarity). Interacts with CPSF6 (PubMed:29799838). Interacts with KHDRBS1/SAM68.: Interacts with TRA2B. Interacts with KHDRBS3 (By similarity). Interacts with EMD (By similarity). Interacts with RBMX (By similarity). Interacts with ZCCHC8 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Regulator of alternative splicing that specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs (PubMed:29262316, PubMed:29799838). M6A is a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs and plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing, processing and stability (PubMed:29799838). Acts as a key regulator of exon-inclusion or exon-skipping during alternative splicing via interaction with mRNA splicing factors SRSF3 and SRSF10 (By similarity). Specifically binds m6A-containing mRNAs and promotes recruitment of SRSF3 to its mRNA-binding elements adjacent to m6A sites, leading to exon-inclusion during alternative splicing (By similarity). In contrast, interaction with SRSF3 prevents interaction with SRSF10, a splicing factor that promotes exon skipping: this prevents SRSF10 from binding to its mRNA-binding sites close to m6A-containing regions, leading to inhibit exon skipping during alternative splicing (By similarity). May also regulate alternative splice site selection (By similarity). Also involved in nuclear export of m6A-containing mRNAs via interaction with SRSF3: interaction with SRSF3 facilitates m6A-containing mRNA-binding to both SRSF3 and NXF1, promoting mRNA nuclear export (By similarity). Involved in S-adenosyl-L-methionine homeostasis by regulating expression of MAT2A transcripts, probably by binding m6A-containing MAT2A mRNAs (PubMed:29262316). Also recognizes and binds m6A on other RNA molecules (By similarity). Involved in random X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA: recognizes and binds m6A-containing Xist and promotes transcription repression activity of Xist (By similarity). Also recognizes and binds m6A-containing single-stranded DNA (By similarity). Involved in germline development: required for spermatogonial development in males and oocyte growth and maturation in females, probably via its role in alternative splicing (PubMed:29799838).
messages: The YTH domain mediates RNA-binding.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated.

10090:Pudp
gene id: 10090:Pudp
uniprot id: Q9D5U5
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. CbbY/CbbZ/Gph/YieH family.
messages: Dephosphorylates pseudouridine 5'-phosphate, a potential intermediate in rRNA degradation. Pseudouridine is then excreted intact in urine.

10090:Kin
gene id: 10090:Kin
uniprot id: Q8K339
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associated with DNA polymerase alpha, RFC1 and cyclin A, in multiprotein DNA replication complexes. Also associates with replication origins at the G1/S phase boundary and throughout the S phase in vivo (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the KIN17 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in transformed mouse AtT20 neuroendocrine cells. Expressed at a lower level in testis, kidney, skeletal muscle, liver, lung, spleen, brain and heart and kidney. In testis, expressed at much higher levels in proliferating cells than in differentiating cells. Not detected in embryo.
messages: In testis, expression almost doubled from day 5 to days 17-22 postpartum (dpp) and then decreased by 28 dpp to reach a stable level in adult testis.
messages: Involved in DNA replication and the cellular response to DNA damage. May participate in DNA replication factories and create a bridge between DNA replication and repair mediated by high molecular weight complexes. May play a role in illegitimate recombination and regulation of gene expression. May participate in mRNA processing. Binds, in vitro, to double-stranded DNA. Also shown to bind preferentially to curved DNA in vitro and in vivo. Binds via its C-terminal domain to RNA in vitro.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recognized by antibodies directed against the RecA protein.
messages: The C-terminal domain (268-393) is organized into 2 subdomains that bear structural similarities to SH3-like domains. Both subdomains adopt a similar 5-stranded beta-barrel-like fold and are connected to each other by a short linker of 5 residues. The 5 beta-sheets are packed at approximately right angles against each other. A highly conserved groove formed at the interface between the 2 subdomains, comprised of Lys residues 302 and 391 and other positively charged residues, may possibly be the site of RNA-binding (By similarity).

10090:Fam163a
gene id: 10090:Fam163a
uniprot id: A9ZNB6
uniprot id: Q8CAA5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM163 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Kcnip2
gene id: 10090:Kcnip2
uniprot id: Q9JJ69
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the recoverin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of heteromultimeric potassium channels (PubMed:19713751, PubMed:20943905). Identified in potassium channel complexes containing KCND1, KCND2, KCND3, KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3, KCNIP4, DPP6 and DPP10 (PubMed:19713751). The KCND2-KCNIP2 channel complex contains four KCND2 and four KCNIP2 subunits. Probably part of a complex consisting of KCNIP1, KCNIP2 isoform 3 and KCND2. At least isoform 2 and isoform 3 can self-associate to form homodimers and homotetramers. Isoform 3 interacts with KCNIP1 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with KCND2 (PubMed:20943905). Isoform 1 and isoform 3 interact with KCND3 isoform 1.
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23713033). Expressed in brain. Highly expressed in layer IV of the cerebral cortex and in striatum and hippocampus, but expressed at low levels in cerebellum. Also expressed in heart. According to PubMed:11747815 expressed in heart at much higher levels than in brain with a preferential expression in the myocardium.
messages: Mice appear healthy and show no signs of cardiac dysmorphogenesis, contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, or heart failure but are highly susceptible to the induction of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, including arrhythmia (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). Myocytes show a complete and selective loss of I(To) current in the heart (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). This is due to the loss of KCND2 protein in the heart ventricles (PubMed:23713033).
messages: Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation enhances association with the plasma membrane.
messages: Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Modulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner (PubMed:20943905, PubMed:23713033). In vitro, modulates KCND2/Kv4.2 and KCND3/Kv4.3 currents. Involved in KCND2 and KCND3 trafficking to the cell surface. Essential for the expression of I(To) currents in the heart (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). Required for normal protein levels of KCND2 in the heart ventricle (PubMed:23713033).

10090:Usp17lb
gene id: 10090:Usp17lb
uniprot id: E9Q9U0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP17 subfamily.
messages: Detected in brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, ovary and spleen.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes.
messages: Inhibited by ubiquitin aldehyde.
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: Up-regulated by interleukin-3 (IL-3) in the B-lymphocyte cell line Ba/F3. May also be up-regulated in response to JAK2.

10090:Fpr2
gene id: 10090:Fpr2
uniprot id: O88536
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Blocks Fam19a5-stimulated macrophage chemotaxis and phosphorylation of Erk1 and Akt1 (PubMed:29138422). Suppression of Fam19a5-mediated inhibition of Rankl-induced osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:29138422).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High affinity receptor for N-formyl-methionyl peptides (FMLP), which are powerful neutrophil chemotactic factors (PubMed:12218158, PubMed:10477558, PubMed:19387439). Stimulates chemotaxis in immune cells to site of infection or tissue damage upon recognition of several ligands, such as FMLP, or ligand involved in cell damage, disease or inflammation (PubMed:10477558, PubMed:19497865). Receptor for the chemokine-like protein FAM19A5, mediating FAM19A5-stimulated macrophage chemotaxis and the inhibitory effect on TNFSF11/RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:29138422).
messages: Interacts with Amyloid-beta protein 42, product of APP; the interaction takes place at the cell surface and the complex is then rapidly internalized.
messages: Primarily expressed in neutrophils. Not detected in vomeronasal neurons.

10090:Rsph9
gene id: 10090:Rsph9
uniprot id: Q9D9V4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the flagellar radial spoke RSP9 family.
messages: Component of the axonemal radial spoke 1 (RS1) and 2 (RS2) complexes, at least composed of spoke head proteins RSPH1, RSPH3, RSPH9 and the cilia-specific component RSPH4A or sperm-specific component RSPH6A, spoke stalk proteins RSPH14, DNAJB13, DYDC1, ROPN1L and NME5, and the RS1 complex-specific anchor protein IQUB (PubMed:36417862, PubMed:34871179). Interacts with IQUB (PubMed:36417862). Interacts with RSPH3B (PubMed:34871179). Interacts with RSPH4A (PubMed:34871179). Interacts with RSPH6A (PubMed:30185526, PubMed:34871179).
messages: Expressed in the embryonic node at 7.5 dpc and in the nasal, lung, tracheal and brain ventricle epithelium at 18.5-19.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the testis, trachea, lung, oviduct and ependymal cells (at protein level).
messages: Functions as part of axonemal radial spoke complexes that play an important part in the motility of sperm and cilia (PubMed:30383886, PubMed:36417862, PubMed:34871179). Essential for both the radial spoke head assembly and the central pair microtubule stability in ependymal motile cilia (PubMed:30383886). Required for motility of olfactory and neural cilia and for the structural integrity of ciliary axonemes in both 9+0 and 9+2 motile cilia (By similarity).
messages: RNAi-mediated depletion in the ependymal cilia results in a near complete central pair apparatus loss and alters the ciliary beat pattern from planar to rotational (PubMed:30383886). Multiple radial spokes proteins, including those in the head, are markedly down-regulated in the cilia (PubMed:30383886).
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: flagellum axoneme
messages: kinocilium

10090:Fbxl2
gene id: 10090:Fbxl2
uniprot id: Q8BH16
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Calcium-activated substrate recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, SCF(FBXL2), which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:21343341, PubMed:23542741). Unlike many F-box proteins, FBXL2 does not seem to target phosphodegron within its substrates but rather calmodulin-binding motifs and is thereby antagonized by calmodulin (By similarity). This is the case for the cyclins CCND2 and CCND3 which polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation are inhibited by calmodulin (By similarity). Through CCND2 and CCND3 degradation induces cell-cycle arrest in G(0) (By similarity). SCF(FBXL2) also mediates PIK3R2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation thereby regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling and autophagy (By similarity). PCYT1A monoubiquitination by SCF(FBXL2) and subsequent degradation regulates synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, which is utilized for formation of membranes and of pulmonary surfactant (PubMed:21343341). The SCF(FBXL2) complex acts as a regulator of inflammation by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of TRAF proteins (TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF4, TRAF5 and TRAF6) (PubMed:23542741). The SCF(FBXL2) complex acts as a negative regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of NLRP3 (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in P. Aeruginosa-induced surfactant deficiency by inhibiting PCYT1A in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: Membrane
messages: Part of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex SCF(FBXL2) composed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and FBXL2. Interacts with calmodulin; may antagonize substrate ubiquitination by SCF(FBXL2). May interact with PIK3R1. Interacts with PTPN13.
messages: Phosphorylated by GSK-beta (GSK3B), promoting recognition by FBXO3, leading to its ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXO3) complex.
messages: The CAAX motif is a signal for the geranylgeranylation of FBXL2 and is required for its association with cell membranes and the recruitment of substrates to the active SCF(FBXL2) complex.
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-201 by the SCF(FBXO3) complex in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Gls
gene id: 10090:Gls
uniprot id: D3Z7P3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A highly mobile activation loop at the dimer-dimer interface is important for enzyme activity.
messages: Belongs to the glutaminase family.
messages: Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
messages: Death during the first days after birth. Pups appear normal and display normal levels of activity, but their activity is disorganized. Pups do not orient to the dam, do not succeed in grasping a nipple and do not feed properly. In addition, they display altered respiration.
messages: Homotetramer, dimer of dimers (PubMed:22228304, PubMed:27542409). The tetramers can assemble into rod-like oligomers (in vitro), but the physiological significance of this is not clear (PubMed:23935106). Interacts with RAF1 and MAP2K2 (By similarity). Interacts with ATCAY; the interaction is direct and may control GLS localization, negatively regulating its activity (PubMed:16899818).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are activated by phosphate, due to increased affinity for glutamine (PubMed:22228304, PubMed:23935106, PubMed:27542409). At phosphate concentrations above 10 mM, isoform 2 is more efficient than isoform 1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Synthesized as a 74-kDa cytosolic precursor which is proteolytically processed by the mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) via a 72-kDa intermediate to yield the mature mitochondrial 68- and 65-kDa subunits.
messages: The C-terminal ANK repeats prevent the assembly of the supra-tetrameric filaments.
messages: cytosol

10090:Bdh1
gene id: 10090:Bdh1
uniprot id: Q80XN0
names: Activity Regulation
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-132 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Requires phosphatidylcholine as an allosteric activator for enzymatic activity.

10090:Rab3b
gene id: 10090:Rab3b
uniprot id: Q0PD62
uniprot id: Q9CZT8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in testis, lung and brain.
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with RIMS1, RIMS2, RPH3A and RPH3AL (PubMed:12578829). The GTP-bound form interacts with GAS8/DRC4 (via coiled-coil domains) (PubMed:18396146). Interacts with GDI2, CHM and CHML; phosphorylation at Thr-86 disrupts these interactions (By similarity). Interacts with MADD (via uDENN domain); the GTP-bound form is preferred for interaction (PubMed:18849981).
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-86 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM, CHML and RAB GDP dissociation inhibitor GDI2.
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity).
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic.

10090:Defb38
gene id: 10090:Defb38
uniprot id: Q7TNV7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Only expressed in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda).
messages: Secreted
messages: Synthetic Defb38 kills both Gram-negative (E.coli and P.aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (E.faecium) bacteria.

10090:Eif3c
gene id: 10090:Eif3c
uniprot id: Q8R1B4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit C family.
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is composed of 13 subunits: EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3F, EIF3G, EIF3H, EIF3I, EIF3J, EIF3K, EIF3L and EIF3M. The eIF-3 complex appears to include 3 stable modules: module A is composed of EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3G and EIF3I; module B is composed of EIF3F, EIF3H, and EIF3M; and module C is composed of EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3K and EIF3L. EIF3C of module C binds EIF3B of module A and EIF3H of module B, thereby linking the three modules. EIF3J is a labile subunit that binds to the eIF-3 complex via EIF3B. The eIF-3 complex may interact with RPS6KB1 under conditions of nutrient depletion. Mitogenic stimulation may lead to binding and activation of a complex composed of MTOR and RPTOR, leading to phosphorylation and release of RPS6KB1 and binding of EIF4B to eIF-3. Interacts with ALKBH4, IFIT1 and IFIT2 (By similarity). Interacts with BZW2/5MP1 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is enhanced upon serum stimulation.

10090:Aspg
gene id: 10090:Aspg
uniprot id: A0JNU3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Exhibits lysophospholipase, transacylase, PAF acetylhydrolase and asparaginase activities (By similarity). Can catalyze three types of transacylation reactions: (1) acyl transfer from 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (1-acyl-GPC) to the sn-1(3) positions of glycerol and 2-acylglycerol (sn-1 to -1(3) transfer), (2) acyl transfer from 1-acyl-GPC to the sn-2 positions of 1-acyl-GPC, 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (1-acyl-GPE), and other lysophospholipids (sn-1 to -2 transfer) and (3) acyl transfer from 2-acyl-GPC to the sn-1 position of 2-acyl-GPC and 2-acyl-GPE (sn-2 to -1 transfer) (By similarity). Mediates the synthesis of 1-arachidonoyl species of phospholipids by transferring the arachidonoyl residue from 2-arachidonoyl lysophospholipid to the sn-1 position of 2-acyl lysophospholipid (By similarity).
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the asparaginase 1 family.
messages: Monomer.

10090:Elf4
gene id: 10090:Elf4
uniprot id: Q9Z2U4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Interacts with RUNX1 (via the Runt domain); the interaction transactivates the IL3 promoter. Interacts (via its C-terminus) with PML; the interaction translocates ELF4 to PML nuclear bodies and enhances transactivation of LYZ (By similarity).
messages: PML body
messages: Transcriptional activator that binds to DNA sequences containing the consensus 5'-WGGA-3'. Transactivates promoters of the hematopoietic growth factor genes CSF2, IL3, IL8, and of LYZ. Acts synergistically with RUNX1 to transactivate the IL3 promoter (By similarity). Transactivates the PRF1 promoter in natural killer (NK) cells and in CD8+ T cells (PubMed:34326534). Plays a role in the development and function of NK and NK T-cells and in innate immunity. Controls the proliferation and homing of CD8+ T-cells via the Kruppel-like factors KLF4 and KLF2. Controls cell senescence in a p53-dependent manner. Can also promote cellular transformation through inhibition of the p16 pathway. Is a transcriptional regulator of inflammation, controlling T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and macrophage inflammatory responses. Required for sustained transcription of anti-inflammatory genes, including IL1RN (PubMed:34326534, PubMed:35266071). Is a negative regulator of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, including IL17A, IL1B, IL6, TNFA and CXCL1 (PubMed:34326534, PubMed:35266071). Down-regulates expression of TREM1, a cell surface receptor involved in the amplification of inflammatory responses (PubMed:34326534, PubMed:35266071).

10090:Nxt2
gene id: 10090:Nxt2
uniprot id: Q3UNA4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with NXF1, NXF2, NXF3 and NXF5.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulator of protein export for NES-containing proteins. Also plays a role in mRNA nuclear export (By similarity).

10090:Ncs1
gene id: 10090:Ncs1
uniprot id: Q8BNY6
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the recoverin family.
messages: Binds 3 calcium ions via the second, third and fourth EF-hand.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with KCND2 (By similarity). Interacts in a calcium-independent manner with PI4KB (By similarity). This binding competes with CALN2/CABP7 binding to PI4KB (By similarity). Interacts in a calcium-dependent manner with PICK1 (via AH domain) (By similarity). Interacts with ARF1, ARF3, ARF5 and ARF6 (By similarity). Interacts with IL1RAPL1 (By similarity). Interacts with RIC8A; interaction is favored in the absence of Ca(2+) and myristoylation of NCS1 is not required (By similarity).
messages: Neuronal calcium sensor, regulator of G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation in a calcium dependent manner. Directly regulates GRK1 (RHOK), but not GRK2 to GRK5. Can substitute for calmodulin (By similarity). Stimulates PI4KB kinase activity (By similarity). Involved in long-term synaptic plasticity through its interaction with PICK1 (By similarity). May also play a role in neuron differentiation through inhibition of the activity of N-type voltage-gated calcium channel (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cxcr4
gene id: 10090:Cxcr4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0N8
uniprot id: P70658
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Half of the embryos die by 17.5 dpc-18.5 dpc and neonates die within a few hours. Mutants display defective vascular development, cerebellar development, B-lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis, and cardiogenesis with defective formation of the large vessels supplying the gastrointestinal tract.
messages: High expression during embryonic development does not seem to be associated with the differentiation of any particular cell type, but is widely utilized when there is a requirement for cell movement. Frequently associated with less differentiated cell types and down-regulated with subsequent differentiation. Detected in sites with hemopoietic potential: the yolk sac (7.5, 8.5 and 12.5 dpc) and fetal liver (12.5 dpc). During gastrulation, at 7.2 to 7.8 dpc, expressed in the mesoderm and the definitive endoderm. As gastrulation pattern fades (8.5 dpc), expression in the mesoderm is down-regulated, while it becomes predominant in neural ectoderm. Endodermal expression is retained in the foregut and later in a subset of foregut derivatives, including the stomach (10.5 dpc), the cystic ducts of the gall bladder and the lung epithelium (12.5 dpc). In neuronal tissue: at 10.5 and 12.5 dpc, expressed in the dorsal root ganglia, in the ventral mantle layer of the spinal cord (or basal plates), in the hindbrain. At 14.5 dpc, expression more tightly confined to the neural epithelium lining the ventricular space and to the external granular layer of the ventral rhombic lip (the developing cerebellum). Expressed in the outpocketing of the diencephalic floor at 10.5 dpc and in the developing thalamus and, to a lesser extent, the developing hypothalamus. At 14.5 dpc, restricted to the region where thalamus and hypothalamus meet. Detected in a discrete band of cells at the edge of the olfactory bulb. In the vascular system: expressed in the endothelium of numerous blood vessels, but not all, at 10.5, 11.5 and 12.5 dpc, such as vitelline/umbilical vessels, cardiac ventricular wall capillaries, facial vessels and, at 14.5 dpc, in the vasculature of the herniated gut. Expression seems to be associated with expanding vascular networks. In the heart development, expressed at 10.5 dpc in the precursor to the aortopulmonary (AP) septum. At 12.5 dpc, detected in the AP septum at the base o…
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, microglial cells and astrocytes. Found in spleen, thymus, bone marrow, lymph nodes and, at lower levels in brain, small intestine, stomach and kidney. CXCR4-A is predominant in all tissues tested. During embryonic development, high levels are detected in the endothelium of developing blood vessels and in many regions of the developing brain including the olfactory epithelium, olfactory bulb, hippocampus, cerebellum and spinal cord.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Can form homodimers. Interacts with CD164. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with ARR3; the interaction is dependent on the C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and modulates calcium mobilization. Interacts with RNF113A; the interaction, enhanced by CXCL12, promotes CXCR4 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Interacts (via the cytoplasmic C-terminal) with ITCH (via the WW domains I and II); the interaction, enhanced by CXCL12, promotes CXCR4 ubiquitination and leads to its degradation. Interacts with extracellular ubiquitin. Interacts with DBN1; this interaction is enhanced by antigenic stimulation. Following LPS binding, may form a complex with GDF5, HSP90AA1 and HSPA8.
messages: O- and N-glycosylated. N-glycosylation can mask coreceptor function. The O-glycosylation chondroitin sulfate attachment does not affect interaction with CXCL12/SDF-1alpha nor its coreceptor activity.
messages: Phosphorylated on agonist stimulation. Rapidly phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues in the C-terminal. Phosphorylation at Ser-331 and Ser-332 leads to recruitment of ITCH, ubiquitination and protein degradation.
messages: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1 that transduces a signal by increasing intracellular calcium ion levels and enhancing MAPK1/MAPK3 activation (PubMed:8962122, PubMed:9295051, PubMed:9103415). Involved in the AKT signaling cascade (By similarity). Plays a role in regulation of cell migration, e.g. during wound healing. Acts as a receptor for extracellular ubiquitin; leading to enhanced intracellular calcium ions and reduced cellular cAMP levels. Binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) et mediates LPS-induced inflammatory response, including TNF secretion by monocytes (By similarity). Involved in hematopoiesis and in cardiac ventricular septum formation (PubMed:9634237, PubMed:9634238, PubMed:9689100). Also plays an essential role in vascularization of the gastrointestinal tract, probably by regulating vascular branching and/or remodeling processes in endothelial cells (PubMed:9634237). Involved in cerebellar development. In the CNS, could mediate hippocampal-neuron survival (PubMed:9634238, PubMed:9689100).
messages: Sulfation is required for efficient binding of CXCL12/SDF-1alpha and promotes its dimerization.
messages: Ubiquitinated after ligand binding, leading to its degradation. Ubiquitinated by ITCH at the cell membrane on agonist stimulation. The ubiquitin-dependent mechanism, endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), then targets CXCR4 for lysosomal degradation. This process is dependent also on prior Ser-/Thr-phosphorylation in the C-terminal of CXCR4. Also binding of ARRB1 to STAM negatively regulates CXCR4 sorting to lysosomes though modulating ubiquitination of SFR5S.

10090:Or13a19
gene id: 10090:Or13a19
uniprot id: Q8VGL5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ropn1l
gene id: 10090:Ropn1l
uniprot id: Q9EQ00
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ropporin family.
messages: Component of the axonemal radial spoke complex 1 (RS1), at least composed of spoke head proteins RSPH1, RSPH3, RSPH9 and the cilia-specific component RSPH4A or sperm-specific component RSPH6A, spoke stalk proteins RSPH14, DNAJB13, DYDC1, ROPN1L and NME5, and the anchor protein IQUB (PubMed:36417862). May interact with AKAP3 (By similarity). Interacts with FSCB; the interaction increases upon spermatozoa capacitation conditions (PubMed:27398160).
messages: Expressed in testis at least from P5 to P40. Expression increases with sample age. Detected in the flagella of elongated spermatids, but the expression levels reduce as the sperm matures (heads move towards the center lumen) (PubMed:23303679).
messages: Functions as part of axonemal radial spoke complexes that play an important part in the motility of sperm and cilia (PubMed:36417862). Important for male fertility. With ROPN1, involved in fibrous sheath integrity and sperm motility, plays a role in PKA-dependent signaling processes required for spermatozoa capacitation.
messages: Mutant mice have normal testicular morphology and spermatogenesis but have moderately impaired motility and increased levels of ROPN1 (PubMed:23303679). Double knockout animals for ROPN1 and ROPN1L are infertile with normal testicular morphology and spermatogenesis but defects in sperm morphology, thinning and shredding of the principal piece. Sperm is immotile (PubMed:23303679).
messages: Sumoylated, sumoylation decreases upon spermatozoa capacitation conditions.
messages: Testis-specific. Expression is restricted to germ cells.
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Zbtb6
gene id: 10090:Zbtb6
uniprot id: Q8K088
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tenm2
gene id: 10090:Tenm2
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQ92
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQB7
uniprot id: B9EJ72
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tenascin family. Teneurin subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Umodl1
gene id: 10090:Umodl1
uniprot id: Q5DID3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: First detected at 16.5 dpc only in olfactory epithelium (OE) and the epithelium of the vomeronasal organ (VNO). At this stage, expression in OE is punctate and is restricted to only some of the sensory neurons. At birth and postnatally, expression in these organs extends to more neurons. At 3 weeks, expression shows a smooth gradation from high apical to low basal within the layer of mature olfactory sensory neurons of the olfactory epithelium.

10090:Glp2r
gene id: 10090:Glp2r
uniprot id: A0A158RFU9
uniprot id: Q5IXF8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for glucagon-like peptide 2. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (By similarity).

10090:Cfap65
gene id: 10090:Cfap65
uniprot id: Q3V0B4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Begins to be significantly expressed at postnatal day 15, reachs a peak at postnatal day 22 and then maintains stable expression level.
messages: Belongs to the CFAP65 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient male are infertile whereas female mutants could give birth. Deficient male show severe morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella. The majority of spermatozoa display absent or short flagella and the flagellar axoneme is completely disorganised.
messages: Interacts with CFAP47.
messages: Plays a role in flagellar formation and sperm motility.
messages: Predominantly expressed in testis (PubMed:31571197). Highly expressed in round and elongating spermatids (PubMed:31571197, PubMed:31413122). Expressed also in certain ciliated organs, such as the brain, lung and kidney (PubMed:31413122).
messages: acrosome membrane
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Naa30
gene id: 10090:Naa30
uniprot id: Q8CES0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. MAK3 subfamily.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex. Catalyzes acetylation of the N-terminal methionine residues of peptides beginning with Met-Leu-Ala and Met-Leu-Gly. Necessary for the lysosomal localization and function of ARL8B sugeesting that ARL8B is a NatC substrate.
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex, which is composed of NAA35, NAA38 and NAA30.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Prss44
gene id: 10090:Prss44
uniprot id: Q402U7
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In testis, expressed at all stages from the late pachytene primary spermatocyte to the secondary spermatocyte. Not detected at day 7 after birth. Expression is detected at day 14 and increases dramatically at day 21 and reach a peak at day 28 to remain high until day 56.
messages: Lacks protease activity in vitro.
messages: Membrane
messages: Testis-specific (PubMed:23536369). Expressed by primary and secondary spermatocytes (PubMed:23536369).

10090:Cnnm2
gene id: 10090:Cnnm2
uniprot id: Q3TWN3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ACDP family.
messages: By low Mg(2+) concentration.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Divalent metal cation transporter. Mediates transport of divalent metal cations in an order of Mg(2+) > Co(2+) > Mn(2+) > Sr(2+) > Ba(2+) > Cu(2+) > Fe(2+).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 may interact with each other.
messages: Shares weak sequence similarity with the cyclin family, hence its name. However, it has no cyclin-like function in vivo.
messages: The N-terminus is cleaved within the endoplasmic reticulum. The signal peptidase complex seems to be involved in the processing, but the exact cleavage site has not been identified (PubMed:22399287).
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in kidney, lung, spleen and testis. In the kidney, predominantly expressed in the distal convoluted tubule and, at lower levels, in the connecting tubule (at protein level).

10090:Sema6b
gene id: 10090:Sema6b
uniprot id: O54951
uniprot id: Q3UTK5
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During development it is expressed in subregions of the nervous system and is particularly prominent in muscle (PubMed:9361278, PubMed:32169168). Expressed at embryonic day 18.5 dpc (PubMed:32169168).
messages: Functions as a cell surface repellent for mossy fibers of developping neurons in the hippocampus where it plays a role in axon guidance (PubMed:20484647). May function through the PLXNA4 receptor expressed by mossy cell axons (PubMed:20484647).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9361278). Binds specifically the SH3 domain of the protooncogene C-SRC (PubMed:9361278).
messages: In adulthood, it is expressed ubiquitously.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice lacking Sema6b are viable and fertile but display abnormal projection of hippocampal mossy fibers.

10090:Sgpp2
gene id: 10090:Sgpp2
uniprot id: Q810K3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type 2 lipid phosphate phosphatase family.
messages: Developmentally regulated. Expression during kidney development increases around 8 fold from 11.5 dpc and adult. Highest expression is found in the ureteric bud.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Has specific phosphohydrolase activity towards sphingoid base 1-phosphates. Has high phosphohydrolase activity against dihydrosphingosine-1-phosphate and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in vitro (Probable). Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase activity is needed for efficient recycling of sphingosine into the sphingolipid synthesis pathway (By similarity). May play a role in attenuating intracellular sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling. May play a role in pro-inflammatory signaling (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of pancreatic islet beta-cell endoplasmic reticulum stress and proliferation (PubMed:27059959).
messages: Highly expressed in pancreatic islets. Expressed in lung, small interstince, colon, kideny and brain.
messages: Mutans are viable into the adulthod. They exhibit smaller pancreatic islets, defective beta-cell proliferation and decreased blood insulin levels after treatment with a high-fat diet (PubMed:27059959). Beta-cells show increased expression of proteins characteristic of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response (PubMed:27059959).

10090:Vav2
gene id: 10090:Vav2
uniprot id: Q60992
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rho family of Ras-related GTPases. Plays an important role in angiogenesis. Its recruitment by phosphorylated EPHA2 is critical for EFNA1-induced RAC1 GTPase activation and vascular endothelial cell migration and assembly.
messages: Interacts (via SH2 domains) with the phosphorylated form of EPHA2. Interacts with NEK3 and PRLR and this interaction is prolactin-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with SSX2IP.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to FGR activation.

10090:Dpm1
gene id: 10090:Dpm1
uniprot id: O70152
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
messages: Binds 1 divalent metal cation.
messages: Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex composed of DPM1, DPM2 and DPM3; within the complex, directly interacts with DPM3. This interaction may stabilize DPM1.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Transfers mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichol monophosphate to form dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) which is the mannosyl donor in pathways leading to N-glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring, and O-mannosylation of proteins; catalytic subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex.

10090:Plac8l1
gene id: 10090:Plac8l1
uniprot id: Q08EJ0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cornifelin family.

10090:Asf1b
gene id: 10090:Asf1b
uniprot id: Q9DAP7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ASF1 family.
messages: Expressed in early embryos and germ cells.
messages: Highly expressed in germ cells (PubMed:26850882). Restricted to premeiotic to meiotic stages during spermatogenesis (PubMed:12842904).
messages: Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly (PubMed:12842904, PubMed:17054786). Cooperates with chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) to promote replication-dependent chromatin assembly (By similarity). Also involved in the nuclear import of the histone H3-H4 dimer together with importin-4 (IPO4): specifically recognizes and binds newly synthesized histones with the monomethylation of H3 'Lys-9' (H3K9me1) and diacetylation at 'Lys-5' and 'Lys-12' of H4 (H4K5ac and H4K12ac) marks in the cytosol (By similarity). Does not participate in replication-independent nucleosome deposition which is mediated by ASF1A and HIRA (By similarity). Required for gonad development (PubMed:26850882).
messages: Interacts with histone H3 (including both histone H3.1 and H3.3) and histone H4 (By similarity). Interacts with the CHAF1A, CHAF1B and RBBP4 subunits of the CAF-1 complex (By similarity). Interacts with HAT1, NASP and TAF1 (By similarity). Interacts with CDAN1. Found in a cytosolic complex with CDAN1, ASF1A, IPO4 and histones H3.1 and H4 (By similarity). Interacts with CREBBP (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable but display subfertility caused by altered gamete formation (PubMed:26850882). The timing of meiotic entry and the subsequent gonad development is more severely impaired in female than in male mice (PubMed:26850882). Increased perinatal lethality is also increased in the offspring of knockout females (PubMed:26850882).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TLK2 (By similarity). Phosphorylated by TLK1 (PubMed:17054786).
messages: cytosol

10090:Iah1
gene id: 10090:Iah1
uniprot id: Q9DB29
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. IAH1 subfamily.
messages: Probable lipase.

10090:Mfsd3
gene id: 10090:Mfsd3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J004
uniprot id: Q5U419
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: After 24 hours of starvation, up-regulated in the brainstem and cerebellum and down-regulated in the hypothalamus (PubMed:27981419). Following 8 weeks of high-fat diet, down-regulated in the brainstem (PubMed:27981419).
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: In brain, expressed in the cortex, striatum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus and cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:27981419). Widely expressed with highest levels in kidney and liver (PubMed:27981419).
messages: Membrane

10090:Id3
gene id: 10090:Id3
uniprot id: P41133
uniprot id: Q545W1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By a variety of mitogenic agents in serum starved cells. Expressed in a circadian manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain and heart with peak levels between CT16 and CT20 in SCN and between CT8 and CT12 in the heart.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed by myoblasts (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with other HLH proteins. Interacts with CLOCK and BMAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with COPS5 and COPS7A. Interacts with IFI204. Interacts with GATA4 and NKX2-5. Interacts with ANKRD2; both proteins cooperate in myoblast differentiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated; which is favored by Ifi204 and leads to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Transcriptional regulator (lacking a basic DNA binding domain) which negatively regulates the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors by forming heterodimers and inhibiting their DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Implicated in regulating a variety of cellular processes, including cellular growth, senescence, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and neoplastic transformation. Involved in myogenesis by inhibiting skeletal muscle and cardiac myocyte differentiation and promoting muscle precursor cells proliferation. Inhibits the binding of E2A-containing protein complexes to muscle creatine kinase E-box enhancer. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing the transcriptional activator activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer.

10090:Golt1a
gene id: 10090:Golt1a
uniprot id: Q9DCQ3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GOT1 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May be involved in fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex.

10090:Gimap5
gene id: 10090:Gimap5
uniprot id: Q8BWF2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in thymus (in thymocytes), spleen (in splenocytes), lymph node and lung (PubMed:16509771). Highly expressed in T lymphocytes (PubMed:16509771, PubMed:21502331). Expressed in B cells and in distinct lineages of hematopoietic bone marrow cells, including natural killer, B, T, myeloid and erythroid lineages (PubMed:21502331). Expressed in liver endothelial cells (PubMed:33956074).
messages: Interacts with BAD, BAK1, BAX, BCL2, BCL2L1/Bcl-xL and BCL2L11/BimEL (PubMed:16509771, PubMed:21502331). The interaction with BAX is increased, when cells initiate apoptosis upon IL2 withdrawal (PubMed:16509771). Forms a complex with BCL2L1 or MCL1 and HSPA8/HSC70; the interaction between HSPA8 and BCL2L1 or MCL1 is impaired in the absence of GIMAP5 (PubMed:21502331). May interact (via N-terminus) with microtubules (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, with a normal sex ratio, but have a median survival of only 15 weeks. They exhibit chronic hepatic hematopoiesis and, in later stages, show pronounced hepatocyte apoptosis, leading to lethal liver failure. Loss of GIMAP5 function impairs peripheral T-cell survival, imposes a complete block of natural killer (NK) and NK T-cell development (PubMed:18796632). Mutant mice show progressive multilineage failure of bone marrow and hematopoiesis. Compared with that of wild-type counterparts, the bone marrow contains more hematopoietic stem cells, but fewer lineage-committed hematopoietic progenitors (PubMed:21502331).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Plays a role in T lymphocyte development and the optimal generation of CD4/CD8 double-positive thymocytes (PubMed:16509771). Inhibitor of GSK3A. May act by sequestering GSK3A in cytoplasmic vesicles and impairing its translocation to the nucleus. Consequently, impairs GSK3A-dependent transcriptional program and regulation of the DNA damage response occurring during T cells proliferation (PubMed:29382851). Required for the survival of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, as well as of peripheral T cells, natural killer (NK) and NK T-cell development and the maintenance of normal liver function (PubMed:18796632, PubMed:21502331). May promote the survival of mature T lymphocytes upon cytokine withdrawal (PubMed:16509771). May regulate Ca(2+) homeostasis by modulating lysosomal Ca(2+) stores, preventing its accumulation in the absence of T cell activation (By similarity). May play a role in mitochondrial DNA segregation in hematopoietic tissues (PubMed:25808953). Is a regulator of liver endothelial cell homeostasis (PubMed:33956074).
messages: Up-regulated upon the maturation of CD4/CD8 double-positive to CD4 single-positive thymocytes.
messages: multivesicular body membrane

10090:Trmt10a
gene id: 10090:Trmt10a
uniprot id: Q8C1Z8
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM10 family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Interacts with tRNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent guanine N(1)-methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine at position 9 (m1G9) in tRNAs. Probably not able to catalyze formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 9 (m1A9) in tRNAs.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cyp2d9
gene id: 10090:Cyp2d9
uniprot id: P11714
uniprot id: Q3UNW2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: P450 can be induced to high levels in liver and other tissues by various foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens.

10090:Rpl23a
gene id: 10090:Rpl23a
uniprot id: P62751
uniprot id: Q5M9M5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). Interacts with LYAR and GNL2 (By similarity). Interacts with MDM2; this interaction may promote MDM2-mediated p53/TP53 polyubiquitination (By similarity). Directly interacts (via BIB domain) with IPO5, IPO7, KPNB1 and TNPO1; these interactions are involved in RPL23A nuclear import for the assembly of ribosomal subunits (By similarity). Interacts with IPO8 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (PubMed:36517592). The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell (PubMed:36517592). Binds a specific region on the 26S rRNA (By similarity). May promote p53/TP53 degradation possibly through the stimulation of MDM2-mediated TP53 polyubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: N-terminus is methylated by METTL11A/NTM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal beta-like import receptor binding (BIB) domain mediates interaction with IPO5, IPO7, KPNB1 and TNPO1.

10090:Vmn1r14
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r14
uniprot id: H3BJ46
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdk2ap2
gene id: 10090:Cdk2ap2
uniprot id: Q9CPY4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a component of the histone deacetylase NuRD complex which participates in the remodeling of chromatin (By similarity). Inhibits cell cycle G1/S phase transition by repressing CDK2 expression and activation; represses CDK2 activation by inhibiting its interaction with cyclin E and A (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in maintaining cell survival during terminal differentiation of ESCs (PubMed:22548356). Regulates microtubule organization of metaphase II oocytes (PubMed:12944431).
messages: Belongs to the CDK2AP family.
messages: Component of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylase (NuRD) repressor complex, composed of core proteins MTA1, MTA2, MTA3, RBBP4, RBBP7, HDAC1, HDAC2, MBD2, MBD3, and peripherally associated proteins CDK2AP1, CDK2AP2, GATAD2A, GATAD2B, CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 (By similarity). The exact stoichiometry of the NuRD complex is unknown, and some subunits such as MBD2 and MBD3, GATAD2A and GATAD2B, and CHD3, CHD4 and CHD5 define mutually exclusive NuRD complexes (By similarity). Interacts with CDK2AP1 (By similarity). Interacts with CDK2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK1 (PubMed:12944431).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocytes (at protein level).
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK1 and CDK2.

10090:Tmie
gene id: 10090:Tmie
uniprot id: Q8K467
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Defects in Tmie are the cause of the spinner mutant strain phenotype (sr). This disorder results in hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction due to neuroepithelial defects in the inner ear. It is recognized by behavioral dysfunction, including bidirectional circling and head shaking. Auditory function in spinner mice is found to be reduced, based upon the lack of a startle reflex to sound at any age. Breeding experiments indicated that these defects are inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. The postnatal defects present in the cochleae of sr/sr mice suggest a requirement for Tmie during maturation of sensory cells, including the normal development or maintenance of stereocilia bundles.
messages: Expressed in brain, kidney, liver, lung and cochlea.
messages: Interacts with TOMT.
messages: Membrane
messages: Required for normal postnatal maturation of sensory hair cells in the cochlea, including correct development of stereocilia bundles.
messages: Unknown. The protein may play some role in a cellular membrane location. May reside within an internal membrane compartment and function in pathways such as those involved in protein and/or vesicle trafficking. Alternatively, the mature protein may be localized in the plasma membrane and serve as a site of interaction for other molecules through its highly charged C-terminal domain.

10090:Ttc4
gene id: 10090:Ttc4
uniprot id: Q3UZC4
uniprot id: Q8R3H9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TTC4 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in the heart, testis, kidney, brain and tongue (PubMed:19390865). Expressed at low levels in the stomach, lung and liver (PubMed:19390865).
messages: Interacts (via TPR repeats) with HSP90AB1 (By similarity). Interacts with HSPA8, CDC6 and TBK1 (By similarity). Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 3 of MSL1 (PubMed:17335777).
messages: May act as a co-chaperone for HSP90AB1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Lcn5
gene id: 10090:Lcn5
uniprot id: A2AJB7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 2 different forms with differently processed N-termini exist.
messages: Associates with spermatozoa in the epididymal fluid but does not bind tightly to them. Binds both all-trans and 13-cis retinoic acid. May act as a retinoid carrier protein which is required for epididymal function and/or sperm maturation.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Down-regulated to 11% of control levels 5 days after castration and is not detectable by 20 days (at protein level). Levels are partially restored by subsequent testosterone treatment.
messages: Epididymal fluid of the caudal and corpus regions (at protein level).
messages: Secreted

10090:Zwilch
gene id: 10090:Zwilch
uniprot id: G3X9Z0
uniprot id: Q8R060
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ZWILCH family.
messages: Component of the RZZ complex composed of KNTC1/ROD, ZW10 and ZWILCH; in the complex interacts directly with KNTC1/ROD (By similarity).
messages: Component of the RZZ complex.
messages: Essential component of the mitotic checkpoint, which prevents cells from prematurely exiting mitosis. Required for the assembly of the dynein-dynactin and MAD1-MAD2 complexes onto kinetochores. Its function related to the spindle assembly machinery is proposed to depend on its association in the mitotic RZZ complex (By similarity).
messages: Essential component of the mitotic checkpoint, which prevents cells from prematurely exiting mitosis. Required for the assembly of the dynein-dynactin and MAD1-MAD2 complexes onto kinetochores. Its function related to the spindle assembly machinery is proposed to depend on its association in the mitotic RZZ complex.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Snx21
gene id: 10090:Snx21
uniprot id: Q149Q9
uniprot id: Q3UR97
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PubMed:25882846). May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)).

10090:Atp2b3
gene id: 10090:Atp2b3
uniprot id: A2ALL9
uniprot id: Q0VF55
uniprot id: Q8C048
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIB subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r160
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r160
uniprot id: E9Q346
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sbspon
gene id: 10090:Sbspon
uniprot id: Q3UPR9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Rab3gap2
gene id: 10090:Rab3gap2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YWM5
uniprot id: E9QKE4
uniprot id: Q8BMG7
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Rab3-GAP regulatory subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Regulatory subunit of the Rab3 GTPase-activating (Rab3GAP) complex composed of Rab3gap1 and Rab3gap2, which has GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards various Rab3 subfamily members (RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C and RAB3D), RAB5A and RAB43, and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity towards RAB18 (By similarity). As part of the Rab3GAP complex, acts as a GAP for Rab3 proteins by converting active RAB3-GTP to the inactive form RAB3-GDP (By similarity). Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones (By similarity). The Rab3GAP complex, acts as a GEF for RAB18 by promoting the conversion of inactive RAB18-GDP to the active form RAB18-GTP (By similarity). Required for recruiting and activating RAB18 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane where it maintains proper ER structure (By similarity). Required for normal eye and brain development (By similarity). May participate in neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation before synapse formation, and non-synaptic vesicular release of neurotransmitters (By similarity).
messages: The Rab3 GTPase-activating complex is a heterodimer composed of Rab3gap1 and Rab3gap2 (By similarity). The Rab3 GTPase-activating complex interacts with DMXL2 (By similarity). Interacts with LMAN1 (By similarity).
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:H2al1e
gene id: 10090:H2al1e
uniprot id: Q810S6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Car11
gene id: 10090:Car11
uniprot id: O70354
uniprot id: Q541E9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Does not have a catalytic activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ubap1
gene id: 10090:Ubap1
uniprot id: Q8BH48
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of an ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, VPS37A and UBAP1 in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with PTPN23. Interacts (via UBA domains) with ubiquitinated proteins.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process (PubMed:31203368). Binds to ubiquitinated cargo proteins and is required for the sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies (MVBs) (By similarity). Plays a role in the proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated cell-surface proteins, such as EGFR and BST2 (PubMed:31203368).
messages: Endosome
messages: Lethality by postnatal day 14 (PubMed:31203368). Conditional deletion in neurons impairs endosomal ubiquitin processing and promotes neurodegeneration (PubMed:31203368).
messages: The UMA domain mediates association with the ESCRT-I complex.
messages: Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in heart, liver, brain, kidney, spleen, skeletal muscle, stomach, testis and lung.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tbx15
gene id: 10090:Tbx15
uniprot id: O70306
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can form a heterodimer with TBX18.
messages: Expressed during limb development, first in the mesenchyme of the early limb bud, then during early endochondral bone development in prehypertrophic chondrocytes of cartilaginous templates. Expression is also found in mesenchymal precursor cells and prehypertrophic chondrocytes, respectively, during development of skeletal elements of the vertebral column and the head.
messages: Mice show a general reduction of bone size and changes of bone shape. In the forelimb skeleton, the scapula lacks the central region of the blade. Cartilaginous templates are already reduced in size and show a transient delay in ossification in mutant embryos. Mice show a significantly reduced proliferation of prehypertrophic chondrocytes as well as of mesenchymal precursor cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in the development of the skeleton of the limb, vertebral column and head. Acts by controlling the number of mesenchymal precursor cells and chondrocytes.

10090:Shbg
gene id: 10090:Shbg
uniprot id: A0A158SIS9
uniprot id: P97497
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rxrb
gene id: 10090:Rxrb
uniprot id: P28704
uniprot id: Q3TWJ1
uniprot id: Q8VCR0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.
messages: Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (in vitro). Heterodimer with other retinoic acid receptor family members. Binds DNA preferentially as a RAR/RXR heterodimer. Interacts with NR1H3 (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP13 (PubMed:20139090).
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer; with a rar molecule.
messages: In all tissues tested, including brain, thymus, spleen and liver.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Receptor for retinoic acid that acts as a transcription factor. Forms homo- or heterodimers with retinoic acid receptors (rars) and binds to target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, to regulate gene expression in various biological processes.
messages: Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE).

10090:Sesn2
gene id: 10090:Sesn2
uniprot id: P58043
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sestrin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in heart, liver and skeletal muscles (at protein level).
messages: Functions as an intracellular leucine sensor that negatively regulates the mTORC1 signaling pathway through the GATOR complex (PubMed:18692468, PubMed:25259925). In absence of leucine, binds the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2 and prevents mTORC1 signaling (PubMed:18692468, PubMed:25259925). Binding of leucine to SESN2 disrupts its interaction with GATOR2 thereby activating the TORC1 signaling pathway (PubMed:18692468, PubMed:25259925). This stress-inducible metabolic regulator also plays a role in protection against oxidative and genotoxic stresses (By similarity). May negatively regulate protein translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, via mTORC1 (PubMed:24947615). May positively regulate the transcription by NFE2L2 of genes involved in the response to oxidative stress by facilitating the SQSTM1-mediated autophagic degradation of KEAP1 (PubMed:23274085). May also mediate TP53 inhibition of TORC1 signaling upon genotoxic stress (PubMed:18692468). Moreover, may prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity born by the N-terminal domain of the protein (By similarity). Was originally reported to contribute to oxidative stress resistance by reducing PRDX1. However, this could not be confirmed (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the GATOR2 complex which is composed of MIOS, SEC13, SEH1L, WDR24 and WDR59; the interaction is negatively regulated by leucine (By similarity). Conveys leucine availability via direct interaction with SEH1L and WDR24 components of the GATOR2 complex (By similarity). Interacts with RRAGA, RRAGB, RRAGC and RRAGD; may function as a guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor for RRAGs and regulate them (PubMed:25259925). May interact with the TORC2 complex (PubMed:25377878). Interacts with KEAP1, RBX1, SQSTM and ULK1; to regulate the degradation of KEAP1 (PubMed:25040165). May also associate with the complex composed of TSC1, TSC2 and the AMP-responsive protein kinase/AMPK to regulate TORC1 signaling (PubMed:18692468). May interact with PRDX1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by ULK1 at multiple sites.
messages: Sesn2 knockout mice are fully viable and do not display any overt developmental abnormalities. When kept on high fat diet, they display higher insulin resistance and glucose intolerance (PubMed:22958918). The oxidative stress induced by acute lipogenesis upon refeeding results in increased liver damages in the Sesn2 knockout mice. Any condition, like obesity, that triggers chronic or acute endoplasmic reticulum stresses have the same consequences in these mice and can lead to liver fibrosis (PubMed:23274085, PubMed:24947615). Sesn2 and Sesn3 double knockout mice display insulin resistance and glucose intolerance (PubMed:22958918). Triple knockout mice lacking Sesn1, Sesn2 and Sesn3 do not display an embryonic lethal phenotype since they are born at an expected Mendelian ratio. Moreover, they are not distinguishable from their wild-type littermates. However, their survival at 10 days is dramatically affected. This is associated with a constitutive activation of TORC1 signaling in the liver, heart and skeletal muscle during postnatal fasting, that occurs between birth and suckling (PubMed:25259925).
messages: The C-terminal domain mediates interaction with GATOR2 through which it regulates TORC1 signaling.
messages: The N-terminal domain has an alkylhydroperoxide reductase activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-175 by RNF167 via 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination in response to leucine deprivation: ubiquitination promotes SESN2-interaction with the GATOR2 complex, leading to inhibit the TORC1 signaling pathway. Deubiquitinated at Lys-175 by STAMBPL1, promoting the TORC1 signaling pathway. Ubiquitinated by RNF186; ubiquitination mediates proteasomal degradation.
messages: Up-regulated by treatments inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress.

10090:Or4c10b
gene id: 10090:Or4c10b
uniprot id: Q8VGP0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc4a9
gene id: 10090:Slc4a9
uniprot id: A0A494BA31
uniprot id: A0A494BAI0
uniprot id: A0A494BBC3
uniprot id: E9PUP3
uniprot id: Q14CH2
uniprot id: Q14DJ1
uniprot id: Q3UQE1
uniprot id: Q8BUG8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Chambrey et al. shows that the transport mechanism differs in renal cells and suggests that SLC4A9 is a Na(+)/HCO3(-) cotransporter in mouse kidney beta-intercalated cells (PubMed:23610411). However the stoichiometry is not defined and the role of chloride ions is not clear.
messages: Cl(-)/HCO3(-) exchanger activity is substantially increased in response to 5 uM isoproterenol (PubMed:34585968). Cl(-)/HCO3(-) exchanger activity is increased by both forskolin and coexpression with the catalytic subunit alpha of PKA (PubMed:34585968).
messages: Electroneutral Cl(-)/HCO3(-) antiporter that favors chloride ion entry and efflux of hydrogencarbonate and sodium ion across the basolateral membrane and may participate in salivary secretion (PubMed:25745107, PubMed:27114614). Also mediates Cl(-)/HCO3(-) exchange activity in the presence of K(+) as well as Cs(+), Li(+), and Rb(+) (PubMed:27114614). Does not contribute to Cl(-)/HCO3(-) exchanger in the apical membrane of the upper villous epithelium (PubMed:17170027).
messages: Expressed in submandibular gland (SMG) duct and cortical collecting duct (CCD) of kidney (PubMed:12225984, PubMed:23610411). Lower expressed in duodenal villi (PubMed:17170027).
messages: Homozygous mice lacking the Slc4a9 gene have no obvious phenotypical abnormalities.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ercc4
gene id: 10090:Ercc4
uniprot id: Q9QZD4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-912 by KAT5 promotes interaction with ERCC1 by disrupting a salt bridge between Asp-908 and Lys-912, thereby exposing a second binding site for ERCC1 (By similarity). Deacetylated by SIRT1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the XPF family.
messages: Catalytic component of a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease responsible for the 5-prime incision during DNA repair, and which is essential for nucleotide excision repair (NER) and interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Heterodimer composed of ERCC1 and ERCC4/XPF. Interacts with SLX4/BTBD12; this interaction is direct and links the ERCC1-ERCC4/XPF complex to SLX4, which may coordinate the action of the structure-specific endonuclease during DNA repair.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mdm2
gene id: 10090:Mdm2
uniprot id: P23804
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitination leads to proteasomal degradation; resulting in p53/TP53 activation it may be regulated by SFN. Also ubiquitinated by TRIM13. Deubiquitinated by USP2 leads to its accumulation and increases deubiquitination and degradation of p53/TP53. Deubiquitinated by USP7 leading to its stabilization (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MDM2/MDM4 family.
messages: By UV light (PubMed:10075719). Down-regulated by NPAS4 (PubMed:25088421).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Does not bind to p53. Can be produced by alternative initiation at Met-50 of isoform Mdm2-p90, but is produced more efficiently by alternative splicing.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of p53/TP53, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:15195100, PubMed:21804542). Inhibits p53/TP53- and p73/TP73-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by binding its transcriptional activation domain (By similarity). Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself, ARRB1 and ARBB2 (PubMed:11588219). Permits the nuclear export of p53/TP53 (By similarity). Promotes proteasome-dependent ubiquitin-independent degradation of retinoblastoma RB1 protein (By similarity). Inhibits DAXX-mediated apoptosis by inducing its ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Component of the TRIM28/KAP1-MDM2-p53/TP53 complex involved in stabilizing p53/TP53 (By similarity). Also a component of the TRIM28/KAP1-ERBB4-MDM2 complex which links growth factor and DNA damage response pathways (By similarity). Mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation of DYRK2 in nucleus (By similarity). Ubiquitinates IGF1R and SNAI1 and promotes them to proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitinates DCX, leading to DCX degradation and reduction of the dendritic spine density of olfactory bulb granule cells (PubMed:25088421). Ubiquitinates DLG4, leading to proteasomal degradation of DLG4 which is required for AMPA receptor endocytosis (PubMed:14642282). Negatively regulates NDUFS1, leading to decreased mitochondrial respiration, marked oxidative stress, and commitment to the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis (PubMed:30879903). Binds NDUFS1 leading to its cytosolic retention rather than mitochondrial localization resulting in decreased supercomplex assembly (interactions between complex I and complex III), decreased complex I activity, ROS production, and apoptosis (PubMed:30879903).
messages: Interacts with p53/TP53, TP73/p73, RBL5 and RP11. Binds specifically to RNA. Can interact with RB1, E1A-associated protein EP300 and the E2F1 transcription factor. Forms a ternary complex with p53/TP53 and WWOX. Interacts with CDKN2AIP, RFWD3, USP7, PYHIN1 and RBBP6. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with PSMA3. Found in a trimeric complex with MDM2, MDM4 and USP2. Interacts with USP2 (via N-terminus and C-terminus). Interacts with MDM4. Part of a complex with MDM2, DAXX, RASSF1 and USP7. Part of a complex with DAXX, MDM2 and USP7. Interacts directly with DAXX and USP7. Interacts (via C-terminus) with RASSF1 isoform A (via N-terminus); the interaction is independent of TP53. Interacts with APEX1; leading to its ubiquitination and degradation. Interacts with RYBP; this inhibits ubiquitination of TP53. Identified in a complex with RYBP and p53/TP53. Also a component of the TRIM28/KAP1-MDM2-p53/TP53 complex involved in regulating p53/TP53 stabilization and activity. Binds directly both p53/TP53 and TRIM28. Component of the TRIM28/KAP1-ERBB4-MDM2 complex involved in connecting growth factor responses with DNA damage. Interacts directly with both TRIM28 and ERBB4 in the complex. Interacts with DYRK2. Interacts with IGF1R. Interacts with TRIM13; the interaction ubiquitinates MDM2 leading to its proteasomal degradation. Interacts with SNAI1; this interaction promotes SNAI1 ubiquitination. Interacts with NOTCH1 (via intracellular domain). Interacts with FHIT. Interacts with RFFL and RNF34; the interaction stabilizes MDM2. Interacts with CDK5RAP3 and CDKN2A/ARF; form a ternary complex involved in regulation of p53/TP53. Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity). Interacts with AARB2 (PubMed:11588219). Interacts with MTBP (PubMed:10906133). Interacts with PML (PubMed:15195100). Interacts with TBRG1 (PubMed:17110379). Interacts with the 5S RNP which is composed of the 5S RNA, RPL5 and RPL11; the interaction is direct occurs in the nucleoplasm and negatively regulates MDM2-me…
messages: Loss of Dlg4 ubiquitination.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-163 by SGK1 activates ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Phosphorylated at multiple sites near the RING domain by ATM upon DNA damage; this prevents oligomerization and E3 ligase processivity and impedes constitutive p53/TP53 degradation (By similarity).
messages: Region I is sufficient for binding p53 and inhibiting its G1 arrest and apoptosis functions. It also binds p73 and E2F1. Region II contains most of a central acidic region required for interaction with ribosomal protein L5 and a putative C4-type zinc finger. The RING finger domain which coordinates two molecules of zinc interacts specifically with RNA whether or not zinc is present and mediates the heterooligomerization with MDM4. It is also essential for its ubiquitin ligase E3 activity toward p53 and itself.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at low-level throughout embryo development and in adult tissues. MDM2-p90 is much more abundant than MDM2-p76 in testis, brain, heart, and kidney, but in the thymus, spleen, and intestine, the levels of the MDM2 proteins are roughly equivalent.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Nmnat3
gene id: 10090:Nmnat3
uniprot id: Q99JR6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activity is strongly inhibited by galotannin. Inhibited by P1-(adenosine-5')-P4-(nicotinic-acid-riboside-5')-tetraphosphate (Nap4AD) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic NMN adenylyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of NAD(+) from nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and ATP. Can also use the deamidated form; nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN) as substrate with the same efficiency. Can use triazofurin monophosphate (TrMP) as substrate. Can also use GTP and ITP as nucleotide donors. Also catalyzes the reverse reaction, i.e. the pyrophosphorolytic cleavage of NAD(+). For the pyrophosphorolytic activity, can use NAD(+), NADH, NaAD, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NHD), nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide (NGD) as substrates. Fails to cleave phosphorylated dinucleotides NADP(+), NADPH and NaADP(+) (By similarity). Protects against axonal degeneration following injury.
messages: Divalent metal cations. Mg(2+) confers the highest activity.
messages: Expressed throughout development and in adulthood.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Tm6sf2
gene id: 10090:Tm6sf2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0J9
uniprot id: E9QM19
uniprot id: Q8R1J1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TM6SF family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the liver at both the mRNA and protein levels.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase.

10090:Chp2
gene id: 10090:Chp2
uniprot id: Q9D869
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family. CHP subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as an integral cofactor in cell pH regulation by controlling plasma membrane-type Na(+)/H(+) exchange activity. Binds to and activates SLC9A1/NHE1 in a serum-independent manner, thus increasing pH and protecting cells from serum deprivation-induced death. Also plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth by increasing the phosphatase activity of PPP3CA in a calcium-dependent manner. Activator of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Involved in the cytoplasmic translocation of the transcription factor NFATC3 to the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PPP3CA. Interacts with SLC9A1/NHE1; the interaction occurs in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with SLC9A1/NHE1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Aplp1
gene id: 10090:Aplp1
uniprot id: Q03157
uniprot id: Q3TUB1
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APP family.
messages: Binds zinc and copper in the extracellular domain. Zinc-binding increases heparin binding. No Cu(2+) reducing activity with copper-binding.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May play a role in postsynaptic function. The C-terminal gamma-secretase processed fragment, ALID1, activates transcription activation through APBB1 (Fe65) binding. Couples to JIP signal transduction through C-terminal binding. May interact with cellular G-protein signaling pathways. Can regulate neurite outgrowth through binding to components of the extracellular matrix such as heparin and collagen I.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Heparin binding promotes homodimerization. Binds, via its C-terminus, to the PID domain of several cytoplasmic proteins, including APBB and APBA family members, MAPK8IP1 and DAB1 (By similarity). Binding to Dab1 inhibits its serine phosphorylation. Interacts with CPEB1. Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB2 (via PID domain); the interaction is impaired by tyrosine phosphorylation of the NPXY motif. Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB1.
messages: N- and O-glycosylated.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during neuronal apoptosis. Cleaved, in vitro, at Asp-624 by caspase-3 (By similarity).
messages: The NPXY sequence motif found in many tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins is required for the specific binding of the PID domain. However, additional amino acids either N- or C-terminal to the NPXY motif are often required for complete interaction. The NPXY site is also involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
messages: The gamma-CTF peptide, C30, is a potent enhancer of neuronal apoptosis.

10090:Yeats2
gene id: 10090:Yeats2
uniprot id: B9EKJ4
uniprot id: Q3TUF7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromatin reader component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4. YEATS2 specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 crotonylated at 'Lys-27' (H3K27cr). Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors.
messages: Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, SGF29 and DR1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The YEATS domain specifically recognizes and binds crotonylated histones.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it is derived from pre-RNA.

10090:Or1e22
gene id: 10090:Or1e22
uniprot id: Q5SSP0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp768
gene id: 10090:Zfp768
uniprot id: Q8R0T2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Binds to mammalian-wide interspersed repeat (MIRs) sequences in euchromatin and promoter regions of genes at the consensus sequence 5'-GCTGTGTG-[N20]-CCTCTCTG-3', consisting of two anchor regions connected by a linker region; the linker region probably does not contribute to the binding specificity (By similarity). Required for cell homeostasis (By similarity). May be involved in transcriptional regulation (Probable).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts (via zinc-finger domains) with TP53 (via N-terminus); interaction might be facilitated by TP53 oligomerization state (By similarity). Interacts with ELP3 (By similarity).
messages: May be phosphorylated at residue 'Ser-5' of the tandem heptapeptide repeats in the N-terminus (By similarity). Phosphorylation might be increased upon RAS pathway activation and negatively regulate protein stability (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Xkr4
gene id: 10090:Xkr4
uniprot id: Q5GH67
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the XK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in expressed in the brain; weakly expressed in the spleen, thymus, uterus, blood vessels and fetus.
messages: Homodimer; homodimerization takes place upon caspase cleavage (PubMed:33725486). Interacts with the processed C-terminus of XRCC4 (protein XRCC4, C-terminus); interaction promotes the phospholipid scramblase activity (PubMed:33725486).
messages: Homodimerizes upon caspase cleavage (PubMed:33725486). Phospholipid scramblase activity is activated following interaction with the processed C-terminus of XRCC4 (protein XRCC4, C-terminus) (PubMed:33725486).
messages: Phospholipid scramblase activity is activated upon caspase cleavage to generate the XK-related protein 4, processed form (PubMed:25231987, PubMed:33725486). Does not act prior the onset of apoptosis (PubMed:25231987).
messages: Phospholipid scramblase that promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface (PubMed:25231987, PubMed:33725486). Phosphatidylserine is a specific marker only present at the surface of apoptotic cells and acts as a specific signal for engulfment (PubMed:25231987, PubMed:33725486).
messages: Undergoes proteolytic processing by caspase-3 (CASP3), caspase-6 (CASP6) and caspase-7 (CASP7) to generate the XK-related protein 4, processed form, leading to its activation.

10090:Kcnmb1
gene id: 10090:Kcnmb1
uniprot id: Q5SQK1
uniprot id: Q8CAE3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family. KCNMB1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in many tissues containing smooth muscles. In brain and heart, it is not expressed except in the vasculature, such as cerebral arteries, aorta and corona arteries.
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 tetramer. There are probably 4 molecules of KCMNB per KCNMA1 tetramer.
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 tetramer. There are probably 4 molecules of KCMNB1 per KCNMA1 tetramer (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Increases the apparent Ca(2+)/voltage sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel. It also modifies KCNMA1 channel kinetics and alters its pharmacological properties. It slows down the activation and the deactivation kinetics of the channel. Acts as a negative regulator of smooth muscle contraction by enhancing the calcium sensitivity to KCNMA1. Its presence is also a requirement for internal binding of the KCNMA1 channel opener dehydrosoyasaponin I (DHS-1) triterpene glycoside and for external binding of the agonist hormone 17-beta-estradiol (E2). Increases the binding activity of charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin to KCNMA1 peptide blocker by increasing the CTX association rate and decreasing the dissociation rate.

10090:Tpm3
gene id: 10090:Tpm3
uniprot id: D3Z6I8
uniprot id: E9Q5J9
uniprot id: P21107
uniprot id: Q58E70
uniprot id: Q8C7C3
uniprot id: Q8K0Z5
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tropomyosin family.
messages: Binds to actin filaments in muscle and non-muscle cells. Plays a central role, in association with the troponin complex, in the calcium dependent regulation of vertebrate striated muscle contraction. Smooth muscle contraction is regulated by interaction with caldesmon. In non-muscle cells is implicated in stabilizing cytoskeleton actin filaments.
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer of an alpha (TPM1, TPM3 or TPM4) and a beta (TPM2) chain. Interacts with TMOD1.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator.
messages: The molecule is in a coiled coil structure that is formed by 2 polypeptide chains. The sequence exhibits a prominent seven-residues periodicity.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Adam17
gene id: 10090:Adam17
uniprot id: E9PXU2
uniprot id: Q9Z0F8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of TNF-alpha to its mature soluble form. Responsible for the proteolytical release of soluble JAM3 from endothelial cells surface. Plays a role in the proteolytic processing of ACE2 (By similarity). Responsible for the proteolytic release of several other cell-surface proteins, including p75 TNF-receptor, interleukin 1 receptor type II, p55 TNF-receptor, transforming growth factor-alpha, L-selectin, growth hormone receptor, MUC1 and the amyloid precursor protein (PubMed:10799547, PubMed:11108241). Acts as an activator of Notch pathway by mediating cleavage of Notch, generating the membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT) (PubMed:10882063). Plays a role in hemostasis through shedding of GP1BA, the platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain (PubMed:12907434). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of LAG3, leading to release the secreted form of LAG3 (PubMed:17245433). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of IL6R, leading to the release of secreted form of IL6R (By similarity). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage and shedding of FCGR3A upon NK cell stimulation, a mechanism that allows for increased NK cell motility and detachment from opsonized target cells.
messages: Inhibited by metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 (TIMP-3), but not by TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-4.
messages: Interacts with MAD2L1, MAPK14 and MUC1. Interacts with iRhom1/RHBDF1 and iRhom2/RHBDF2. Interacts with FRMD8 via its interaction with iRhom1/RHBDF1 and iRhom2/RHBDF2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Must be membrane anchored to cleave the different substrates. The cytoplasmic domain is not required for the this activity. Only the catalytic domain is essential to shed TNF and p75 TNFR.
messages: Phosphorylated. Stimulation by growth factor or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces phosphorylation of Ser-822 but decreases phosphorylation of Ser-794. Phosphorylation at Thr-735 by MAPK14 is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed at highest levels in heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testes. Expressed at lower levels in brain, spleen and lung.

10090:Tmem45a
gene id: 10090:Tmem45a
uniprot id: Q8BFU6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM45 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Dpysl3
gene id: 10090:Dpysl3
uniprot id: E9PWE8
uniprot id: Q3TT92
uniprot id: Q62188
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Hydantoinase/dihydropyrimidinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotetramer, and heterotetramer with CRMP1, DPYSL2, DPYSL4 or DPYSL5. Interacts with synaptic vesicle protein 2 and SH3A domain of intersectin (By similarity). Interacts with FLNA (By similarity).
messages: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for binding the metal cofactor and hence for dihydropyrimidinase activity. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure.
messages: Necessary for signaling by class 3 semaphorins and subsequent remodeling of the cytoskeleton. Plays a role in axon guidance, neuronal growth cone collapse and cell migration (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-522 by DYRK2 promotes subsequent phosphorylation on Thr-509, Thr-514 and Ser-518 by GSK3.
messages: growth cone

10090:Trim35
gene id: 10090:Trim35
uniprot id: A0A0R4J031
uniprot id: Q8C006
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 dpc expression was detected in branchial arches 1 and 2 and the fronto-nasal process, limb buds, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia. At 12.0 dpc expression was detected primarily in the limbs and transiently in the developing eye. By 13.5 dpc, expression in the limb was restricted to thetelencephalic region of forebrain.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletion mutants are more sensitive to viral infections with a dramatically increased viral load.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that participates in multiple biological processes including cell death, glucose metabolism, and in particular, the innate immune response (By similarity) (PubMed:32562145). Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of TRAF3 thereby promoting type I interferon production via RIG-I signaling pathway. Can also catalyze 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of viral proteins such as influenza virus PB2. Acts as a negative feedback regulator of TLR7- and TLR9-triggered signaling. Mechanistically, promotes the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of IRF7 and induces its degradation via a proteasome-dependent pathway. Reduces FGFR1-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of PKM, inhibiting PKM-dependent lactate production, glucose metabolism, and cell growth (By similarity).
messages: Induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor in murine peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages.
messages: Interacts with PKM isoform M2, but not isoform M1; this interaction may compete with that between PKM and FGFR1, and hence reduces FGFR1-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of PKM. Interacts with IRF7; this interaction promotes IRF7 proteasomal degradation. Interacts with TRAF3; this interaction promotes TRAF3 activation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING finger domain and the coiled-coil region are required for the apoptosis-inducing activity.
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in brain, heart, kidney, spleen, skeletal muscle, lung and thymus. Lower expression found in stomach, large intestine and bone marrow.

10090:Lao1
gene id: 10090:Lao1
uniprot id: B1ARV3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.

10090:Cyp4f16
gene id: 10090:Cyp4f16
uniprot id: Q99N17
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Stmn3
gene id: 10090:Stmn3
uniprot id: O70166
uniprot id: Q545T6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the stathmin family.
messages: Exhibits microtubule-destabilizing activity, which is antagonized by STAT3.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with STAT3. Interacts with CLU (secreted form); this interaction may act as an important modulator during neuronal differentiation (By similarity).
messages: N-terminal palmitoylation promotes specific anchoring to the cytosolic leaflet of Golgi membranes and subsequent vesicular trafficking along dendrites and axons. Neuronal Stathmins are substrates for palmitoyltransferases ZDHHC3, ZDHHC7 and ZDHHC15 (By similarity).
messages: Neuron specific.
messages: axon
messages: cytosol
messages: growth cone

10090:Vps37b
gene id: 10090:Vps37b
uniprot id: Q8R0J7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS37 family.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, a VPS37 protein (VPS37A to -D) and MVB12A or MVB12B in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with TSG101, VPS28, MVB12A and MVB12B. Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, a VPS37 protein (VPS37A to -D) and UBAP1 in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with CEP55. Interacts with IST1 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process. Required for the sorting of endocytic ubiquitinated cargos into multivesicular bodies. May be involved in cell growth and differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane

10090:Wdr12
gene id: 10090:Wdr12
uniprot id: Q4V9X1
uniprot id: Q9JJA4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family.
messages: Component of the PeBoW complex, composed of BOP1, PES1 and WDR12. The complex is held together by BOP1, which interacts with PES1 via its N-terminal domain and with WDR12 via a high-affinity interaction between the seven-bladed beta-propeller domains of the 2 proteins. The PeBoW complex associates with the 66S pre-ribosome. Interacts (via UBL domain) with MDN1 (via VWFA/MIDAS domain).
messages: Component of the PeBoW complex, composed of BOP1, PES1 and WDR12. Within the PeBoW complex BOP1 interacts directly with PES1 and WDR12. The PeBoW complex also associates with the 66S pre-ribosome.
messages: Component of the PeBoW complex, which is required for maturation of 28S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Csf2rb2
gene id: 10090:Csf2rb2
uniprot id: P26954
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
messages: In mouse, there are two classes of high-affinity IL3 receptors. One contains this IL3-specific beta subunit and the other contains the beta subunit also shared by high-affinity IL5 and GM-CSF receptors.
messages: Membrane
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

10090:Kifc5b
gene id: 10090:Kifc5b
uniprot id: E9PUA5
uniprot id: Q9QWT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. NCD subfamily.
messages: Binds NUBP1 and NUBP2 (PubMed:16638812). Interacts with PPP1R42 (PubMed:18237440).
messages: Centrosome amplification as well as multipolar spindles. Cells overexpressing Kifc1 show a single microtubule aster and growth arrest in prometaphase.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Highly expressed in 14 dpc embryos, spleen and NIH3T3 cells. Also expressed in testis, brain, lung, kidney and cultured astrocytes. Very low levels in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Highly expressed in hippocampus of 13 dpc embryos declining to low levels by 18 dpc and to undetectable levels in juvenile and adult hippocampus.
messages: Minus end-directed microtubule-dependent motor required for bipolar spindle formation (PubMed:16638812). May contribute to movement of early endocytic vesicles (PubMed:17360972). Regulates cilium formation and structure (PubMed:23807208).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Purified early endocytic vesicles bind minus end-directed Kifc1 as well as plus end-directed Kif5b. Addition of anti-Kifc1 antibodies leads to a decrease in minus end-directed vesicle motility in vitro.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Zfp367
gene id: 10090:Zfp367
uniprot id: Q0VDT2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow and ovary.
messages: Highly expressed in fetal erythroid tissue. Lower expression in yolk sac.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator. Isoform 1 may be involved in transcriptional activation of erythroid genes (By similarity).

10090:Atp6v1b2
gene id: 10090:Atp6v1b2
uniprot id: P62814
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Kidney; found in early distal nephron, encompassing thick ascending limbs and distal convoluted tubules and in the alpha-intercalated cells of the cortical collecting ducts (at protein level) (PubMed:16174750, PubMed:29993276, PubMed:17898041, PubMed:15013950). Expressed in epididymal clear cells (at protein level) (PubMed:15013950). Mainly expressed in the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neurons, in both the early postnatal cochlea (P2) and the adult cochlea (P30) (PubMed:24913193).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Morpholino knockdown in the whole cochlea, especially in hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons causes a dose-dependent hearing loss.
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (PubMed:17898041). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). In renal intercalated cells, can partially compensate the lack of ATP6V1B1 and mediate secretion of protons (H+) into the urine under base-line conditions but not in conditions of acid load (PubMed:17898041).
messages: V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex (By similarity). The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H (By similarity). The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and the accessory subunits ATP6AP1/Ac45 and ATP6AP2/PRR (By similarity).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Lpcat2b
gene id: 10090:Lpcat2b
uniprot id: B2RT16
uniprot id: Q9D5U0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable acetyltransferase.
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity.

10090:Tmsb10
gene id: 10090:Tmsb10
uniprot id: A6H6H4
uniprot id: Q6ZWY8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thymosin beta family.
messages: Plays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in the organization of the cytoskeleton. Binds to and sequesters actin monomers (G actin) and therefore inhibits actin polymerization.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Slc27a5
gene id: 10090:Slc27a5
uniprot id: Q4LDG0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Liver-specific (at protein level) (PubMed:16618416, PubMed:9642112). In liver expressed in a periportal distribution (PubMed:11980911).
messages: Mediates the import of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) by facilitating their transport across cell membranes (PubMed:16618416). Also catalyzes the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) as substrates (By similarity). Mainly functions as a bile acyl-CoA synthetase catalyzing the activation of bile acids via ATP-dependent formation of bile acid CoA thioesters which is necessary for their subsequent conjugation with glycine or taurine (PubMed:16618417). Both primary bile acids (cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid) and secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid) are the principal substrates (By similarity). In vitro, activates 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestanate ((25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oate or THCA), the C27 precursor of cholic acid deriving from the de novo synthesis from cholesterol (By similarity). Plays an important role in hepatic fatty acid uptake and bile acid reconjugation and recycling but not in de novo synthesis of bile acids (PubMed:16618416, PubMed:16618417).
messages: Mice exhibit a severe bile acid conjugation defect (PubMed:16618417). Display a significant reduction in both liver lipid uptake and content and show a redistribution of lipids away from the liver to other tissues (PubMed:16618416). Hepatocytes show significantly reduced long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) uptake (PubMed:16618416).
messages: Microsome

10090:Scd2
gene id: 10090:Scd2
uniprot id: P13011
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.
messages: Detected in brain and skin (PubMed:10545940, PubMed:11161812, PubMed:16118274). Highly expressed in brain, and detected at low levels in heart, stomach, lung and testis (PubMed:11161812, PubMed:12815040). Detected both in dermis and epidermis (PubMed:16118274).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expected to bind 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Highly expressed during embryonic development and during the first three weeks after birth. Expression is low in adults.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. Neonates are smaller than wild-type and present high mortality, ranging from 70 to 100%, depending on the genetic background. Neonates display a shiny skin, but after a few hours their skin appears dry and cracked. The permeability barrier function of their skin is impaired, leading to rapid weight loss due to dehydration. Their epidermis has decreased levels of cholesterol esters, triglycerides, acylceramide, and glucosylacylceramide containing unsaturated fatty acids. In mutant neonates, triglyceride levels in liver and blood plasma are reduced by half, due to strongly reduced levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity in the liver and strongly reduced levels of triglyceride biosynthesis. In contrast, the levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity are normal in adult mice deficient for Scd2. Adult mice display kinked tails.
messages: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates (PubMed:16443825). Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA (PubMed:16443825). Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:16443825). Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides, especially during embryonic development and in neonates (PubMed:16118274). Important for normal permeability barrier function of the skin in neonates (PubMed:16118274).
messages: The histidine box domains are involved in binding the catalytic metal ions.
messages: Up-regulated by agonists that activate NR1H3 (PubMed:12815040). Slightly down-regulated by a high-carbohydrate diet enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:12815040).

10090:Sp3
gene id: 10090:Sp3
uniprot id: O70494
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by histone acetyltransferase p300, deacetylated by HDACs. Acetylation/deacetylation states regulate transcriptional activity. Acetylation appears to activate transcription. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-553 also control transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Interacts with HLTF; the interaction may be required for basal transcriptional activity of HLTF. Interacts with HDAC1; the interaction deacetylates SP3 and regulates its transcriptional activity. Interacts with HDAC2 (preferably the CK2-phosphorylated form); the interaction deacetylates SP3 and regulates its transcriptional activity. Ceramides can also regulate acetylation/deacetylation events through altering the interaction of HDAC with SP3. Interacts with MEIS2 isoform Meis2D and PBX1 isoform PBX1a (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Sumoylated on all isoforms. Sumoylated on 2 sites in longer isoforms with Lys-553 being the major site. Sumoylation at this site promotes nuclear localization to the nuclear periphery, nuclear dots and PML nuclear bodies. Sumoylation on Lys-553 represses the transactivation activity, except for the largest isoform which has little effect on transactivation. Alternate sumoylation and acetylation at Lys-553 also control transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Transcriptional factor that can act as an activator or repressor depending on isoform and/or post-translational modifications. Binds to GT and GC boxes promoter elements. Competes with SP1 for the GC-box promoters. Weak activator of transcription but can activate a number of genes involved in different processes such as cell-cycle regulation, hormone-induction and house-keeping (By similarity).

10090:Tm4sf5
gene id: 10090:Tm4sf5
uniprot id: Q91XF2
uniprot id: Q9D8G1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the L6 tetraspanin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ms4a2
gene id: 10090:Ms4a2
uniprot id: A0A087WPM9
uniprot id: B2RTF7
uniprot id: P20490
uniprot id: Q3UNT6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.
messages: High affinity receptor that binds to the Fc region of immunoglobulins epsilon. Aggregation of FCER1 by multivalent antigens is required for the full mast cell response, including the release of preformed mediators (such as histamine) by degranulation and de novo production of lipid mediators and cytokines. Also mediates the secretion of important lymphokines. Binding of allergen to receptor-bound IgE leads to cell activation and the release of mediators responsible for the manifestations of allergy.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by LYN.
messages: Tetramer of an alpha chain, a beta chain, and two disulfide linked gamma chains. Binds LILRB1. Interacts with FGR (By similarity). Interacts with FGR and FES/FPS. Interacts with LYN.

10090:Ltn1
gene id: 10090:Ltn1
uniprot id: Q6A009
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the LTN1 family.
messages: Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), composed of at least the E3 ubiquitin ligase LTN1 and NEMF associated with the 60S ribosomal subunit. The complex probably also contains TCF25 as well as VCP/p97 and its ubiquitin-binding cofactors.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (PubMed:19196968). component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), a ribosome-associated complex that mediates ubiquitination and extraction of incompletely synthesized nascent chains for proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Within the RQC complex, LTN1 is recruited to stalled 60S ribosomal subunits by NEMF and mediates ubiquitination of stalled nascent chains (By similarity). Ubiquitination leads to VCP/p97 recruitment for extraction and degradation of the incomplete translation product (By similarity).
messages: Embryonic lethality. Mice with a milder mutant caused by an internal in-frame deletion of exon 11, producing a 14-amino acid deletion prior to the RING-type zinc finger, display profound early-onset and progressive neurological and motor dysfunction.
messages: Was named listerin because of the 'tilting' or 'listing' phenotype observed in mutant mice.
messages: Widely expressed, including in the brain and spinal cord.
messages: cytosol

10090:Mgll
gene id: 10090:Mgll
uniprot id: O35678
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Monoacylglycerol lipase family.
messages: Converts monoacylglycerides to free fatty acids and glycerol (PubMed:9341166, PubMed:17700715, PubMed:18096503, PubMed:19029917, PubMed:20554061, PubMed:20729846, PubMed:21454566). Hydrolyzes the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and thereby contributes to the regulation of endocannabinoid signaling, nociperception and perception of pain (PubMed:9341166, PubMed:17700715, PubMed:18096503, PubMed:19029917, PubMed:20554061, PubMed:20729846, PubMed:21454566). Regulates the levels of fatty acids that serve as signaling molecules and promote cancer cell migration, invasion and tumor growth (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display a reduction in monoglyceride hydrolase activity and a concomitant increase in monoglyceride levels in adipose tissue, brain, and liver (PubMed:20554061). Ten-fold increase in brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels, combined with low levels of brain arachidonic acid (PubMed:20554061, PubMed:20729846).
messages: Short-term inhibition causes analgesia, while long-term inhibition causes tolerance to endocannabinoids acting on brain cannabinoid receptor CNR1, and a reduction in brain cannabinoid receptor CNR1 activity.
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: cytosol

10090:Sspo
gene id: 10090:Sspo
uniprot id: E9Q0I4
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Pim3
gene id: 10090:Pim3
uniprot id: P58750
uniprot id: Q3TX64
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PIM subfamily.
messages: By glucose in pancreatic-beta-cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in pancreas but exclusively in beta-cells.
messages: Interacts with BAD (By similarity). Interacts with PPP2CA; this interaction promotes dephosphorylation of PIM3, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS6.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, with a profound reduction in body size at birth and throughout postnatal life due to a reduction in the number of cells rather than cell size. Deficient mice have also an increased glucose tolerance.
messages: Phosphorylated. Interaction with PPP2CA promotes dephosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation.
messages: Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity that can prevent apoptosis and promote cell survival and protein translation. May contribute to tumorigenesis through: the delivery of survival signaling through phosphorylation of BAD which induces release of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-X(L), the regulation of cell cycle progression and protein synthesis and by regulation of MYC transcriptional activity. Additionally to this role on tumorigenesis, can also negatively regulate insulin secretion by inhibiting the activation of MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2), through SOCS6. Involved also in the control of energy metabolism and regulation of AMPK activity in modulating MYC and PPARGC1A protein levels and cell growth.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Tada3
gene id: 10090:Tada3
uniprot id: Q8R0L9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NGG1 family.
messages: Functions as a component of the PCAF complex. The PCAF complex is capable of efficiently acetylating histones in a nucleosomal context. The PCAF complex could be considered as the human version of the yeast SAGA complex. Also known as a coactivator for p53/TP53-dependent transcriptional activation (By similarity). Component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The PCAF complex is composed of a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFS), such as TAF5, TAF5L, TAF6, TAF6L, TAF9, TAF10 and TAF12, PCAF, and also PCAF-associated factors (PAFs), such as TADA2L/ADA2, TADA3L/ADA3 and SPT3. Interacts directly with TADA2L and PCAF and also with the high-risk HPV oncoprotein E6. Component of the STAGA transcription coactivator-HAT complex, at least composed of SUPT3H, GCN5L2, TAF5L, TAF6L, SUPT7L, TADA3L, TAD1L, TAF10, TAF12, TRRAP and TAF9. Component of the TFTC-HAT complex (By similarity). Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1 (By similarity).

10090:Rem2
gene id: 10090:Rem2
uniprot id: E9Q4D5
uniprot id: Q8VEL9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. RGK family.
messages: Binds GTP saturably and exhibits a low intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis.
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Msmb
gene id: 10090:Msmb
uniprot id: O08540
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the beta-microseminoprotein family.
messages: Homodimer; Interacts with PI16.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tafa5
gene id: 10090:Tafa5
uniprot id: Q91WE9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a chemokine-like protein by regulating cell proliferation and migration through activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as S1PR2 and FPR2 (PubMed:29453251, PubMed:29138422). Stimulates chemotactic migration of macrophages mediated by the MAPK3/ERK1 and AKT1 pathway (PubMed:29138422). Blocks TNFSF11/RANKL-induced osteoclast formation from macrophages by inhibiting up-regulation of osteoclast fusogenic and differentiation genes (PubMed:29138422). Stimulation of macrophage migration and inhibition of osteoclast formation is mediated through the GPCR FPR2 (PubMed:29138422). Acts as an adipokine by negatively regulating vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration in response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulation via GPCR S1PR2 and G protein GNA12/GNA13-transmitted RHOA signaling (By similarity). Inhibits injury-induced cell proliferation and neointima formation in the femoral arteries (PubMed:29453251).
messages: Belongs to the TAFA family.
messages: Contains a predicted signal peptide at positions 1-25.
messages: Expressed in the subcutaneous, brown, epididymal and perirenal adipose tissue (at protein level).
messages: Repressed in epididymal adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice or leptin receptor-deficient mice.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pik3ca
gene id: 10090:Pik3ca
uniprot id: P42337
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit PIK3CA and a p85 regulatory subunit (PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3) (PubMed:8139567). Interacts with IRS1 in nuclear extracts (PubMed:15197263). Interacts with RUFY3. Interacts with RASD2. Interacts with APPL1 (By similarity). Interacts with HRAS and KRAS (PubMed:17540175). Interaction with HRAS/KRAS is required for PI3K pathway signaling and cell proliferation stimulated by EGF and FGF2 (PubMed:17540175). Interacts with FAM83B; activates the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade (By similarity).
messages: Lethal. Embryonic fibroblasts cells are resistant to oncogenic transformation induced by oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), are unable to differentiate into adipocytes and deficient in cellular signaling in response to various growth factors. Defective responsiveness to insulin led to reduced somatic growth, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, hyperphagia and increased adiposity.
messages: Phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) and its phosphorylated derivatives at position 3 of the inositol ring to produce 3-phosphoinositides. Uses ATP and PtdIns(4,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Participates in cellular signaling in response to various growth factors. Involved in the activation of AKT1 upon stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases ligands such as EGF, insulin, IGF1, VEGFA and PDGF. Involved in signaling via insulin-receptor substrate (IRS) proteins. Essential in endothelial cell migration during vascular development through VEGFA signaling, possibly by regulating RhoA activity. Required for lymphatic vasculature development, possibly by binding to RAS and by activation by EGF and FGF2, but not by PDGF. Regulates invadopodia formation through the PDPK1-AKT1 pathway. Participates in cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells through a AKT1 pathway. Participates in vasculogenesis in embryonic stem cells through PDK1 and protein kinase C pathway. Also has serine-protein kinase activity: phosphorylates PIK3R1 (p85alpha regulatory subunit), EIF4EBP1 and HRAS. Plays a role in the positive regulation of phagocytosis and pinocytosis (PubMed:19604150).
messages: The PI3K-ABD domain and the PI3K-RBD domain interact with the PI3K/PI4K kinase domain. The C2 PI3K-type domain may facilitate the recruitment to the plasma membrane. The inhibitory interactions with PIK3R1 are mediated by the PI3K-ABD domain and the C2 PI3K-type domain with the iSH2 (inter-SH2) region of PIK3R1, and the C2 PI3K-type domain, the PI3K helical domain, and the PI3K/PI4K kinase domain with the nSH2 (N-terminal SH2) region of PIK3R1.

10090:Gpr22
gene id: 10090:Gpr22
uniprot id: G3X9C3
uniprot id: Q8BZL4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant levels detected in the brain and heart and no detectable expression in other peripheral tissues.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Decreased expression in heart following aortic banding, a procedure that mimics cardiac hypertrophy produced by high blood pressure.
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype, however mice display increased susceptibility to heart failure under conditions of hemodynamic stress.
messages: Orphan G-protein coupled receptor. Seems to act through a G(i)/G(o) mediated pathway (By similarity). May be involved in ciliogenesis (By similarity).

10090:Actr1a
gene id: 10090:Actr1a
uniprot id: P61164
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the actin family. ARP1 subfamily.
messages: Part of the ACTR1A/ACTB filament around which the dynactin complex is built. The dynactin multiprotein complex activates the molecular motor dynein for ultra-processive transport along microtubules.
messages: Part of the ACTR1A/ACTB filament around which the dynactin complex is built. The filament contains 8 copies of ACTR1A and 1 ACTB. Interacts with dynein and adapters such as BICD2 (By similarity). Interacts with BCCIP (isoform 2/alpha) (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:P3h4
gene id: 10090:P3h4
uniprot id: Q8K2B0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the leprecan family.
messages: Detected in calvaria, cartilage, kidney, ribs, and at lower levels in tail (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146). Detected in proliferating and prehypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth plate of long bones and in mineralizing chondro-osseus bone collar and cortical bone (PubMed:23959653). Detected on osteoblasts in long bones (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146). Detected in skin fibroblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:27119146). Detected in fetal ribs, and in tibia and metatarsus from neonates (PubMed:23959653).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with PLOD1, P3H3 and PPIB. Identified in a complex with PLOD1 and P3H3.
messages: No visible phenotype at birth (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146, PubMed:28115524). Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146). Two and six month old mutant mice display a decreased ratio between trabecular bone volume and tissue volume in tibia and femur, plus decreased connectivity density in femur and tibia (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146). Osteoblast number is not affected, while osteoclast numbers are increased, suggesting that increased bone resorption is the cause for the low bone mass phenotype (PubMed:23959653). Lysine hydroxylation of skin and bone collagen alpha chains is strongly reduced (PubMed:27119146, PubMed:28115524). In contrast, prolyl 3-hydroxylation is not affected (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146). Dorsal skin displays impaired packing of collagen fibrils, decreased skin tensile strength, decreased skin stiffness and increased skin fragility (PubMed:27119146, PubMed:28115524). Likewise, mice deficient for both P3h3 and P3h4 display decreased lysine hydroxylation of collagen alpha chains, but normal collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation (PubMed:28115524).
messages: Part of a complex composed of PLOD1, P3H3 and P3H4 that catalyzes hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and is required for normal assembly and cross-linking of collagen fibrils (PubMed:27119146). Required for normal bone density and normal skin stability via its role in hydroxylation of lysine residues in collagen alpha chains and in collagen fibril assembly (PubMed:23959653, PubMed:27119146, PubMed:28115524).

10090:Coa6
gene id: 10090:Coa6
uniprot id: Q8BGD8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family.
messages: Found in a complex with TMEM177, COX20, MT-CO2/COX2, COX18, SCO1 and SCO2. Interacts with COA1, MT-CO2/COX2, SCO1, SCO2 and COX20. Interacts with COX20 in a MT-CO2/COX2- and COX18-dependent manner. Interacts with COX16.
messages: Involved in the maturation of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV subunit MT-CO2/COX2. Thereby, may regulate early steps of complex IV assembly. Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV or cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from intermembrane space cytochrome c to molecular oxygen in the matrix and as a consequence contributes to the proton gradient involved in mitochondrial ATP synthesis. May also be required for efficient formation of respiratory supercomplexes comprised of complexes III and IV.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space

10090:Or10ak12
gene id: 10090:Or10ak12
uniprot id: B2RVY8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cep170
gene id: 10090:Cep170
uniprot id: H7BX26
uniprot id: Q6A065
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CEP170 family.
messages: Interacts with CCDC68 and CCDC120; leading to recruitment to centrosomes (By similarity). Interacts with PLK1 (By similarity). Interacts with NIN (PubMed:27565344). Interacts with FHDC1 (PubMed:29742020). Interacts with CCDC61 (By similarity). Interacts with TBK1; efficient complex formation may be dependent on the presence of CCDC61 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated; probably by PLK1.
messages: Plays a role in microtubule organization. Required for centriole subdistal appendage assembly.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Gdi2
gene id: 10090:Gdi2
uniprot id: Q3UPA3
uniprot id: Q61598
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Rab GDI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GDP-dissociation inhibitor preventing the GDP to GTP exchange of most Rab proteins. By keeping these small GTPases in their inactive GDP-bound form regulates intracellular membrane trafficking. Negatively regulates protein transport to the cilium and ciliogenesis through the inhibition of RAB8A.
messages: Interacts with RHOH (By similarity). Interacts with the non-phosphorylated forms of RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C, RAB5A, RAB5B, RAB5C, RAB8B, RAB10, RAB12, RAB35, and RAB43; binds RAB3D to a lesser extent (By similarity). Interacts with RAB8A (GDP-bound inactive form); prevents RAB8A activation (PubMed:25860027). Interacts with DZIP1; negatively regulates the interaction of GDI2 with GDP-bound RAB8A (PubMed:25860027).
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most RAB proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP.

10090:Atg16l2
gene id: 10090:Atg16l2
uniprot id: Q6KAU8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATG16L2-deficient mice are viable and born at Mendelian proportions. Deficient mice exhibit intact canonical autophagy.
messages: Although ATG16L2 is structurally similar to ATG16L1 and is likewise able to form a complex with the autophagy proteins ATG5 and ATG12, overexpression and knockdown studies suggest that ATG16L2 is not essential for canonical autophagy.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ATG16 family.
messages: Homooligomer (PubMed:22082872). Heterooligomer with ATG16L2 (PubMed:22082872). Interacts with ATG5 (PubMed:22082872). Self-oligomerizes to form a 800-kDa complex composed of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L2 (PubMed:22082872). Interacts with RAB33B (PubMed:22082872).
messages: May play a role in regulating epithelial homeostasis in an ATG16L1-dependent manner.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Lypla2
gene id: 10090:Lypla2
uniprot id: Q9WTL7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a acyl-protein thioesterase hydrolyzing fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins, GAP43, ZDHHC6 or HRAS (By similarity). Deacylates GAP43 (By similarity). Mediates depalmitoylation of ZDHHC6 (By similarity). Has lysophospholipase activity (PubMed:10064901). Hydrolyzes prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) (PubMed:25301951). Hydrolyzes PG-Gs in the following order prostaglandin D2-glycerol ester (PGD2-G) > prostaglandin E2 glycerol ester (PGE2-G) > prostaglandin F2-alpha-glycerol ester (PGF2-alpha-G) (By similarity). Hydrolyzes 1-arachidonoylglycerol but not 2-arachidonoylglycerol or arachidonoylethanolamide (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ubiquitous; detected at low levels.

10090:Pecam1
gene id: 10090:Pecam1
uniprot id: Q08481
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions (By similarity). Tyr-679 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes (By similarity). Trans-homophilic interaction may play a role in endothelial cell-cell adhesion via cell junctions (By similarity). Heterophilic interaction with CD177 plays a role in transendothelial migration of neutrophils (By similarity). Homophilic ligation of PECAM1 prevents macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of neighboring viable leukocytes by transmitting a detachment signal (By similarity). Promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic leukocytes by tethering them to the phagocytic cells; PECAM1-mediated detachment signal appears to be disabled in apoptotic leukocytes (By similarity). Modulates bradykinin receptor BDKRB2 activation (By similarity). Regulates bradykinin- and hyperosmotic shock-induced ERK1/2 activation in endothelial cells (By similarity). Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis (PubMed:19048083).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are expressed in lung and platelets.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice show reduced atherosclerotic lesions. There is down-regulation of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells at the lesion periphery, and reduced disruption of Cx43 junctional staining at arterial branch points and in the descending aorta.
messages: Palmitoylation by ZDHHC21 is necessary for cell surface expression in endothelial cells and enrichment in membrane rafts.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser and Tyr residues by src kinases after cellular activation (PubMed:16731527). Upon activation, phosphorylated on Ser-718 which probably initiates the dissociation of the membrane-interaction segment (residues 698-718) from the cell membrane allowing the sequential phosphorylation of Tyr-702 and Tyr-679 (By similarity). Constitutively phosphorylated on Ser-723 in resting platelets (By similarity). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FER and FES in response to FCER1 activation (PubMed:16731527). In endothelial cells Fyn mediates mechanical-force (stretch or pull) induced tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: The Ig-like C2-type domains 2 and 3 contribute to formation of the complex with BDKRB2 and in regulation of its activity.
messages: Trans-homodimer (via Ig-like C2-type 1 and Ig-like C2-type 2 domains); trans-homodimerization is required for cell-cell interaction. Forms a complex with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. Interacts with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. Interacts with PTPN11; Tyr-702 is critical for PTPN11 recruitment. Interacts with FER. Interacts with CD177; the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent; the interaction is direct.

10090:Lca5
gene id: 10090:Lca5
uniprot id: G5E886
uniprot id: G5E887
uniprot id: Q80ST9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Almost ubiquitous, low-level staining at 12.5 dpc. At later stages (14.5 dpc, 16.5 dpc and 18.5 dpc), staining of the eye, inner ear, kidney, regions of the central and peripheral neural system, the gut and the ciliated epithelium of the nasopharynx, trachea and lungs is more pronounced. Expression in the mouse eye shifted during development from the ganglion cell layer to the photoreceptors. In adult eyes (P90), expression is limited to the photoreceptor cell layer.
messages: Belongs to the LCA5 family.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit retinal patches of depigmentation, lack rod and cone ERG responses to light stimuli, and show loss of ciliary intraflagellar transport function in photoreceptors leading to failure of outer segment formation and photoreceptor degeneration.
messages: Detected in several tissues.
messages: Interacts with NINL. Interacts with OFD1. Interacts with FAM161A. Interacts with components of the IFT complex B.
messages: Involved in intraflagellar protein (IFT) transport in photoreceptor cilia.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Zdhhc21
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc21
uniprot id: Q9D270
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in zdhhc21 are the cause of the depilated (dep) phenotype. It is a recessive phenotype characterized by variable hair loss, with thinner and shorter hairs remaining in a greasy coat which is due to a defect in the epidermis, rather than the dermis (PubMed:19956733). Depilated (dep) mutant mice are protected against endothelial dysfunction in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (PubMed:27653213). They are also tachycardic and hypotensive (PubMed:26715683).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: In the developing skin, expression is not be detected prior to hair follicle induction (13 dpc). Expression is initially detected in the inner root sheath (IRS) of developing vibrissae follicles at 16 dpc and later in the developing IRS of 18.5 dpc pelage follicles.
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates (PubMed:19956733, PubMed:26715683, PubMed:27653213). Palmitoylates sex steroid hormone receptors, including ESR1, PGR and AR, thereby regulating their targeting to the plasma membrane. This affects rapid intracellular signaling by sex hormones via ERK and AKT kinases and the generation of cAMP, but does not affect that mediated by their nuclear receptor (By similarity). Palmitoylates FYN, regulates its localization in hair follicles and plays a key role in epidermal homeostasis and hair follicle differentiation (PubMed:19956733). Through the palmitoylation of PLCB1 and the regulation of PLCB1 downstream signaling may indirectly regulate the function of the endothelial barrier and the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium (PubMed:27653213). Has also a palmitoyltransferase activity toward ADRA1D, positively regulating its activity and expression and may thereby play a role in vascular contraction (PubMed:26715683). May also palmitoylate eNOS and LCK (PubMed:19956733).
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:26715683). Expressed in Henle's layer within the hair bulb and the hair shaft cuticle (at protein level) (PubMed:19956733). Expression is limited to the post-mitotic lineages of inner root sheath (IRS) and cuticle (PubMed:19956733).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Defb40
gene id: 10090:Defb40
uniprot id: Q70KL2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Only expressed in epididymis (corpus, cauda and caput).
messages: Secreted

10090:Cd226
gene id: 10090:Cd226
uniprot id: Q8K4F0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with PVR and NECTIN2. Competes with PVRIG for NECTIN2-binding.
messages: Involved in intercellular adhesion, lymphocyte signaling, cytotoxicity and lymphokine secretion mediated by cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) and NK cell. Cell surface receptor for NECTIN2. Upon ligand binding, stimulates T-cell proliferation and cytokine production, including that of IL2, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNG. Competes with PVRIG for NECTIN2-binding.
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Fzd9
gene id: 10090:Fzd9
uniprot id: Q9R216
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Has been first described as FZD3 in literature.
messages: Homozygous Fzd9 knockout mice show deficits in spatial memory behaviors. Heterozygous and homozygous Fzd9 knockout mice appear healthy, develop normally, and are fertile (PubMed:15930120). Homozygous Fzd9 knockout mice display osteopenia (PubMed:21402791).
messages: In the embryo, found in the neural tube, trunk skeletal muscle precursors (myotomes), limb skeletal anlagen, craniofacial regions and nephric ducts. In the adult, expression is abundant in heart, brain, testis and skeletal muscle. In the testis, expressed in all spermatogenic cell types. Lower levels in adult lung, liver and kidney. Barely detectable in spleen. Expressed also in chondrocytes.
messages: Increases during the initial stages of osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Lys-Thr-X-X-X-Trp motif interacts with the PDZ domain of Dvl (Disheveled) family members and is involved in the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
messages: Not detected at 7 dpc, weakly at 11 dpc and strongly at 15 dpc and 17 dpc. Expression covers the entire neural tube at 9.5 dpc, decreases at 10.5 dpc and becomes detectable only in the lumbar to tail regions at 11.5 dpc. In the somites, expression begins at 10.5 dpc to become up-regulated all along the rostrocaudal trunk axis at 11.5 dpc. In craniofacial territories, expression is first detected at 11.5 dpc in restricted areas of the nose, the maxillar mandibular and second branchial arch anlagen. At 11.5 dpc, predominantly expressed in restricted areas of the nose, dorsally to the eye and in the caudal pharyngeal region. Highly expressed at early stages of neuromuscular junction assembly (14.5 dpc) and gradually decreases as development proceeds, being more than about 4-fold less expressed in 19.5 dpc.
messages: Receptor for WNT2 that is coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (By similarity). Plays a role in neuromuscular junction (NMJ) assembly by negatively regulating the clustering of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) through the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway (PubMed:24860427). May play a role in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) viability through the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway by negatively regulating cell cycle arrest leading to inhibition of neuron apoptotic process (By similarity). During hippocampal development, regulates neuroblast proliferation and apoptotic cell death (PubMed:15930120). Controls bone formation through non canonical Wnt signaling mediated via ISG15 (PubMed:21402791). Positively regulates bone regeneration through non canonical Wnt signaling (PubMed:24391920).
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:1700021F07Rik
gene id: 10090:1700021F07Rik
uniprot id: Q9DA42
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: cilium

10090:Dmbt1
gene id: 10090:Dmbt1
uniprot id: A0A140LI59
uniprot id: E9QPG8
uniprot id: Q60997
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DMBT1 family.
messages: Highly N- and O-glycosylated. The O-glycans are heavily sulfated. O-glycosylation and sulfation in pancreatic acinar cells are required for zymogen granule maturation. Glycoconjugate composition changes during development with fucose only acquired post-natally during weaning.
messages: Interacts with LGALS3. Binds SPAR in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Binds SFTPD in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May play roles in mucosal defense system and cellular immune defense. May play a role in liver regeneration. May be an important factor in fate decision and differentiation of transit-amplifying ductular (oval) cells within the hepatic lineage. May function as a binding protein in saliva for the regulation of taste sensation. May play a role as an opsonin receptor for SFTPD and SPAR in macrophage tissues throughout the body, including epithelial cells lining the gastrointestinal tract (By similarity). Required for terminal differentiation of columnar epithelial cells during early embryogenesis. Displays a broad calcium-dependent binding spectrum against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, suggesting a role in defense against bacterial pathogens. Binds to a range of poly-sulfated and poly-phosphorylated ligands which may explain its broad bacterial-binding specificity. Inhibits cytoinvasion of S.enterica. Associates with the actin cytoskeleton and is involved in its remodeling during regulated exocytosis. Interacts with pancreatic zymogens in a pH-dependent manner and may act as a Golgi cargo receptor in the regulated secretory pathway of the pancreatic acinar cell.
messages: Present in the 3.5 dpc blastocyst. Levels increase to a maximum between 18.5 dpc and birth and decrease gradually between birth and adulthood with the greatest decreases occurring between neonate and P1 and between P9 and P16 (at protein level). Expressed in the primitive endoderm at 4.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc, expressed in midbrain, notochord, liver primordium, midgut and hindgut.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in acini and duct epithelial cells of the exocrine pancreas but not in the islets of Langerhans. Expressed in gall bladder, salivary glands and in the epithelium lining larger hepatic ducts, but not in the liver parenchyma, stomach or lung. Expressed along the intestinal tract including duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon (at protein level). Expressed in glands associated with vomeronasal tissues. Expressed in the vomeronasal gland and posterior gland of nasal septum. Weakly expressed in lateral nasal gland. CFTR knockout mice show increased expression in pancreas, duodenum and small intestine but not in gall bladder. In pancreas and small intestine, increased expression occurs after the appearance of dilated lumina.
messages: The SRCR domains mediate binding to bacteria.
messages: Variable phenotypes have been reported. In some studies mice display normal development and viability with impaired exocrine pancreatic function and no development of gastrointestinal tumors (PubMed:17983803, PubMed:18202109). In other studies mice die between 4.5 dpc and 5.5 dpc due to defects in the differentiation of the primitive endoderm layer (PubMed:15452149).
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Ugt1a5
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a5
uniprot id: B2RT14
uniprot id: Q6XL48
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pianp
gene id: 10090:Pianp
uniprot id: Q6P1B3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a ligand for PILRA in neuronal tissues, where it may be involved in immune regulation.
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Mainly expressed in brain and spinal cord. Weak expression also detected in heart, kidney, spleen and lymph node. Virtually no expression detected in liver and embryo relative to brain.
messages: Membrane
messages: O-glycosylation at Thr-136 is essential for recognition by PILRA.

10090:Pcbp2
gene id: 10090:Pcbp2
uniprot id: Q61990
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryos undergo normal development until midgestation (12.5 to 13.5 dpc), at which time they undergo a dramatic loss in viability associated with combined cardiovascular and hematopoietic abnormalities (PubMed:26527618). Conditional deletion in the erythroid lineage is not lethal and does not lead to defects in the hematopoietic pathway (PubMed:34180713). Mice lacking Pcbp1 and Pcbp2 in the erythroid lineage die at midgestation; lethality is caused by impaired erythroid development and loss of blood formation (PubMed:34180713).
messages: Identified in a mRNP complex, at least composed of DHX9, DDX3X, ELAVL1, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, ILF3, PABPC1, PCBP2, PTBP2, STAU1, STAU2, SYNCRIP and YBX1. Interacts with IFIH1 and RNF135. Interacts with MAVS (via C-terminus) and ITCH (via WW domains). Interacts with CGAS; preventing the formation of liquid-like droplets in which CGAS is activated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. The non-phosphorylated form(s) exhibited the strongest poly(rC)-binding activity.
messages: Single-stranded nucleic acid binding protein that binds preferentially to oligo dC (PubMed:8367306, PubMed:8208614). Major cellular poly(rC)-binding protein (By similarity). Binds also poly(rU) (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of antiviral signaling (By similarity). Negatively regulates cellular antiviral responses mediated by MAVS signaling (By similarity). It acts as an adapter between MAVS and the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH, therefore triggering MAVS ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Negativeley regulates the cGAS-STING pathway via interaction with CGAS, preventing the formation of liquid-like droplets in which CGAS is activated (By similarity). Together with PCBP1, required for erythropoiesis, possibly by regulating mRNA splicing (PubMed:34180713).
messages: The KH domains mediates poly(C) binding.

10090:Ptbp3
gene id: 10090:Ptbp3
uniprot id: Q8BHD7
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with THBS4 (via the acidic amphipathic C-terminus).
messages: RNA-binding protein that mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration. Positive regulator of EPO-dependent erythropoiesis. Participates in cell differentiation regulation by repressing tissue-specific exons. Promotes Fas exon 6 skipping. Binds RNA, preferentially to both poly(G) and poly(U) (By similarity).

10090:Clstn2
gene id: 10090:Clstn2
uniprot id: Q9ER65
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calsyntenin family.
messages: Binds synaptic Ca(2+) with its cytoplasmic domain.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mice show a deficit of GABAergic interneurons, associated with hyperactivity, deficient spatial memory and social behavior (PubMed:26171716, PubMed:28647593). Mice show a selective reduction in functional inhibitory synapses, associated with a selective reduction of parvalbumin interneurons in hippocampus and cortex (PubMed:26171716). In neurons, a reduction of symmetric (inhibitory) synaptic density, length of synaptic contacts and postsynaptic density is observed (PubMed:31529526). Moreover, cortical neurons are characterized by the predominance of the simplified type of synapses with the emergence of negative curvature of the synaptic zone (PubMed:31529526). Presynaptic zones of cortical neurons show an increased number of synaptic vesicles in opposite to the decreased number of synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic zones of hippocampal neurons (PubMed:31529526). Mice lacking Clstn1, Clstn2 and Clstn3 display behavior disorders, characterized by hyperactivity in normal environment, hypersensitivity to stress, and show tendency to freeze in novel environments (PubMed:35279170).
messages: Postsynaptic adhesion molecule that binds to presynaptic neurexins to mediate synapse formation, and which is involved in learning and memory (PubMed:24613359, PubMed:26171716, PubMed:31529526). Promotes synapse development by acting as a cell adhesion molecule at the postsynaptic membrane, which associates with neurexin-alpha at the presynaptic membrane (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Proteolytically processed under normal cellular conditions. A primary zeta-cleavage generates a large extracellular (soluble) N-terminal domain (sAlc) and a short C-terminal transmembrane fragment (CTF1). A secondary cleavage catalyzed by gamma-secretase within the transmembrane domain releases the beta-Alc-gamma chain in the extracellular milieu and produces an intracellular fragment (AlcICD). This processing is strongly suppressed in the tripartite complex formed with APBA2 and APP, which seems to prevent the association with PSEN1.
messages: Restricted to the brain (PubMed:12498782). In the cerebral cortex, found in the somas and neuropil of all layers (PubMed:12498782). Expressed at highest levels in neurons of cortical layers 5 and 6 and, at lower levels, in neurons of the upper layers (PubMed:12498782). Highly expressed in Purkinje cells (PubMed:12498782). Also found in a few scattered interneurons throughout the granule cell layer and occasionally in neurons in the molecular layer (at protein level) (PubMed:12498782). Present throughout all cortical layers, highest levels in GABAergic neurons (based on morphology and distribution pattern) (PubMed:12498782).
messages: dendrite

10090:Lrrc19
gene id: 10090:Lrrc19
uniprot id: Q8BZT5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by TLR ligands such as LPS, bacterial DNA and peptidoglycan.
messages: Interacts with TRAF2 and TRAF6.
messages: Knockout mice display increased longevity compared with the cohoused wild-type littermates. Almost all mutant mice remain alive, whereas most of the wild-type mice (>80%) di after 2 years on standard chow. Mutant body weights are lower than those of wild-type. Gut tissues of wild-type mice show slight inflammation whereas mutant mouse gut tissues do not. The gut tissues of mutant mice are more yellow and the colon tissues are thinner in mutant mice than in WT mice and the ceca are enlarged significantly (PubMed:26776522). They show lower expression of cytokines such as TNF, ILB, IL6, IFNG, IL17 and IL12 in the gut tissues (PubMed:26776522). Mice are resistant to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and colon cancer (PubMed:26776522). They have fewer and smaller gut tissue-associated lymph node Peyer plaques compared with cohoused wild-type mice with fewer adaptive immune cells that have accumulated in their gut immune systems (PubMed:26776522). Mutants show reduced expression of several chemokines, including CCL6, CCL9, CXCL9, and CXCL10 (PubMed:26776522). They also show an altered gut microbiota and reduced expression of REGs (PubMed:26776522). Mutants are more susceptible to uropathogenic Escherichia coli infections (PubMed:25026888).
messages: Membrane
messages: Pathogen-recognition receptor which mediates the activation of TRAF2- and TRAF6 NF-kappa-B signaling pathways and induces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:26776522, PubMed:19679103, PubMed:25026888). In kidney, prevents infection by uropathogenic bacteria by inducing the production of cytokines, chemokines and antimicrobial substances (PubMed:25026888). In gut, involved in host-microbiota interactions, plays a critical role in promoting the recruitment of immune cells and intestinal inflammation (PubMed:26776522).
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney, also expressed in spleen, intestine and colon (PubMed:26776522, PubMed:19679103). Highly expressed in epithelial cells (PubMed:26776522). In kidney, mainly expressed in renal collecting duct epithelial cells (PubMed:25026888).

10090:Mars2
gene id: 10090:Mars2
uniprot id: A2RT28
uniprot id: Q499X9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Ovol2
gene id: 10090:Ovol2
uniprot id: Q3TIV4
uniprot id: Q8CIV7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Down-regulated during embryonic stem cell neural differentiation and up-regulated by BMP4.
messages: Expressed during early-mid embryogenesis, particularly in the inner cell mass at 3.5 dpc, in epiblast at 6.5 dpc, and at later stages in ectodermally derived tissues such as the rostral surface ectoderm (PubMed:16423343). Expressed in embryonic stem cells, epiblasts of 6.4 dpc embryos and primordial germ cells (PGCs) (PubMed:28059165). High expression levels in PGCs of 8.5 dpc embryos decrease over embryogenesis (PubMed:28059165). Up-regulated during prepupertal testis development (PubMed:15225875).
messages: Expressed highly in testis, specifically in spermatocytes. Expressed also in skin and at lower levels in the ovary (PubMed:12213202, PubMed:15225875, PubMed:9468311, PubMed:36228616). Expressed in adipose tissues. Expression is lower than in testis and a relatively higher expression level is detected in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) than in fat cells themselves (PubMed:36228616).
messages: Interacts (via zinc-finger domains) with CEBPA (via bZIP domain); the interaction inhibits the transcription factor activity of CEBPA and is required to repress adipogenesis.
messages: Major form in the testis.
messages: Mutant embryos are small and die at 9.5 dpc-10.5 dpc with an open neural tube, impaired extra-embryonic and embryonic vascularization, abnormal cardiogenesis and placental defects (PubMed:16423343). Reduced number of primordial germ cells in 8.0 dpc embryos (PubMed:28059165).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Zinc-finger transcription repressor factor (PubMed:15225875, PubMed:23319585, PubMed:36228616). Plays a critical role in maintaining the identity of epithelial lineages by suppressing epithelial-to mesenchymal transition (EMT) mainly through the repression of ZEB1, an EMT inducer (PubMed:24735878, PubMed:24735879). Positively regulates neuronal differentiation (PubMed:16423343, PubMed:23319585). Suppresses cell cycling and terminal differentiation of keratinocytes by directly repressing MYC and NOTCH1 (By similarity). Important for the correct development of primordial germ cells in embryos (PubMed:28059165). Plays dual functions in thermogenesis and adipogenesis to maintain energy balance. Essential for brown/beige adipose tissue-mediated thermogenesis, is necessary for the development of brown adipocytes. In white adipose tissues, limits adipogenesis by blocking CEBPA binding to its transcriptional targets and inhibiting its transcription factor activity (PubMed:36228616).

10090:A430005L14Rik
gene id: 10090:A430005L14Rik
uniprot id: E9PUH0
uniprot id: Q80WR5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPF0688 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam124b
gene id: 10090:Fam124b
uniprot id: Q8BLQ0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At embryonic stage 12.5 dpc, detected in a wide range of tissues including brain, heart, lung, cochlea, dorsal root ganglia, and liver (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the FAM124 family.
messages: Expressed strongly in lung, at slightly lower levels in heart, kidney, brain and testis, and weakly in liver (at protein level). In brain, highly expressed in cortex, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, caudate putamen and cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CHD7 and CHD8.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rad51
gene id: 10090:Rad51
uniprot id: Q08297
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the testes (at protein level) (PubMed:35547804, PubMed:8341671). Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:22305526). Expressed in the thymus, spleen, ovary and small intestine (PubMed:8341671).
messages: Expression in the brain is strongest at day 12 dpc, particularly in the cortical ventricular zone. In the cortex of newborn mice (P0), RAD51 is mainly present in the subplate and, in lesser amounts, in layer V. It is detected in a subpopulation of corticospinal axons at the pyramidal decussation in 2-day-old (P2) mice.
messages: Forms linear homooligomers, giving rise to a RAD51 nucleoprotein filament, which is essential for strand-pairing reactions during DNA recombination. Interacts with BRCA1 and either directly or indirectly with p53. Interacts with XRCC3, RAD54L and RAD54B. Interacts with the BCDX2 subcomplex RAD51C:RAD51B. Component of the homologous recombination repair (HR) complex composed of ERCC5/XPG, BRCA2, PALB2, DSS1 and RAD51 (By similarity). Interacts directly with PALB2 which may serve as a scaffold for a HR complex containing PALB2, BRCA2, RAD51C, RAD51 and XRCC3. Interacts with RAD51AP1 and RAD51AP2. Interacts with CHEK1, and this may require prior phosphorylation of CHEK1 (By similarity). Interacts with the MND1-PSMC3IP heterodimer (PubMed:15834424). Found in a complex, at least composed of BLM, RAD51 and SPIDR; the complex formation is mediated by SPIDR. Interacts with SPIDR; the interaction is direct and recruits RAD51 to DNA damage sites. Interacts with FIGNL1 (via N-terminal one-half region); the interaction is direct. Interacts with RAD51AP1 (via C-terminal region); the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with NABP2, RPA1, PALB2 and RAD51. Interacts with SWI5/C9orf119, and at lower level with SFR1/MEIR5 (PubMed:20976249). Interacts with hyperphosphorylated RPA2; this interaction is necessary for efficient recruitment to chromatin in response to DNA damage. Interacts with SWSAP1; involved in homologous recombination repair. Interacts with PARPBP, BRCA2 and RECQL5; these interactions interfere with the formation of the RAD51-DNA homologous recombination structure. Interacts with POLQ; POLQ acts as an inhibitor of homology-recombination repair (HR) pathway by limiting RAD51 accumulation at resected ends. Interacts with POLN (By similarity). Interacts with FBH1 (PubMed:24108124). Interacts with RFWD3 (By similarity). Interacts with the MCM8-MCM9 complex; the interaction recruits RAD51 to DNA damage sites (By similarity). Component of a multiprotein complex …
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation of Thr-309 by CHEK1 may enhance association with chromatin at sites of DNA damage and promote DNA repair by homologous recombination. Phosphorylation by ABL1 inhibits function.
messages: Plays an important role in homologous strand exchange, a key step in DNA repair through homologous recombination (HR) (PubMed:15834424). Binds to single-stranded DNA in an ATP-dependent manner to form nucleoprotein filaments which are essential for the homology search and strand exchange. Catalyzes the recognition of homology and strand exchange between homologous DNA partners to form a joint molecule between a processed DNA break and the repair template. Recruited to resolve stalled replication forks during replication stress. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and RAD51C and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51C and XRCC3. Also involved in interstrand cross-link repair (By similarity).
messages: The nucleus of a mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells contains on average 4.7 x 10(5) molecules.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBH1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, regulating RAD51 subcellular location and preventing its association with DNA. Ubiquitinated by RFWD3 in response to DNA damage: ubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome, promoting homologous recombination.
messages: centrosome
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Zswim7
gene id: 10090:Zswim7
uniprot id: Q9CWQ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SWS1 family.
messages: Interacts with RAD51D and XRCC3; involved in homologous recombination repair. Interacts with SWSAP1; they form a functional complex involved in homologous recombination repair and stabilize each other (By similarity).
messages: Involved in early stages of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents (By similarity). Required for meiotic progression, hence for fertility (PubMed:33713115).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ism2
gene id: 10090:Ism2
uniprot id: D3Z6A3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the isthmin family.

10090:Laptm4b
gene id: 10090:Laptm4b
uniprot id: B2CZK6
uniprot id: Q91XQ6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LAPTM4/LAPTM5 transporter family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homooligomer; upon reaching the lysosomes. Interacts with MCOLN1. Interacts with NEDD4; may play a role in the lysosomal sorting of LAPTM4B; enhances HGS association with NEDD4; mediates inhibition of EGFR degradation. Interacts with PIP5K1C; promotes SNX5 association with LAPTM4B; kinase activity of PIP5K1C is required; interaction is regulated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate generated by PIP5K1C. Interacts with HGS; promotes HGS ubiquitination. Interacts with SNX5. Interacts with SLC3A2 and SLC7A5; recruits SLC3A2 and SLC7A5 to lysosomes to promote leucine uptake into these organelles and is required for mTORC1 activation. Interacts with LRRC32; decreases TGFB1 production in regulatory T cells. Interacts with BECN1; competes with EGFR for LAPTM4B binding; regulates EGFR activity. Interacts with EGFR; positively correlates with EGFR activation.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Required for optimal lysosomal function. Blocks EGF-stimulated EGFR intraluminal sorting and degradation. Conversely by binding with the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, regulates its PIP5K1C interaction, inhibits HGS ubiquitination and relieves LAPTM4B inhibition of EGFR degradation. Recruits SLC3A2 and SLC7A5 (the Leu transporter) to the lysosome, promoting entry of leucine and other essential amino acid (EAA) into the lysosome, stimulating activation of proton-transporting vacuolar (V)-ATPase protein pump (V-ATPase) and hence mTORC1 activation. Plays a role as negative regulator of TGFB1 production in regulatory T cells. Binds ceramide and facilitates its exit from late endosome in order to control cell death pathways.
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4.
messages: Undergoes proteolytic cleavage following delivery to the lysosomes.
messages: multivesicular body lumen
messages: multivesicular body membrane

10090:Ankrd37
gene id: 10090:Ankrd37
uniprot id: Q569N2
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed testis, ovary, uterus, kidney, liver, but not in other tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CRL2(FEM1B) complex, leading to its degradation.

10090:Eppin
gene id: 10090:Eppin
uniprot id: Q9DA01
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Androgen dependent. Down-regulated in Sertoli cell-selective androgen receptor knockout mice.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Expressed in differentiated spermatogonia in testis. Expressed in spermatogonia cell lines GC-1 spg and GC-2spd(ts) as well as in the Leydig tumor cell line MLTC-1 (at protein level). Expressed specifically in epididymis and testis. Expressed predominantly on the postacrosomal region of mouse spermatozoa, in Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and round spermatids in the testis, and in the principal cells of the cauda epididymidis epithelium.
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Homomultimers. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SEMG1 (via 164-283 AA). Interacts with LTF. Found in a complex with LTF, CLU, EPPIN and SEMG1.
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine protease inhibitor that plays an essential role in male reproduction and fertility. Modulates the hydrolysis of SEMG1 by KLK3/PSA (a serine protease), provides antimicrobial protection for spermatozoa in the ejaculate coagulum, and binds SEMG1 thereby inhibiting sperm motility (By similarity).

10090:Phldb1
gene id: 10090:Phldb1
uniprot id: Q6PDH0
names: Domain
messages: The PH domain mediates the binding to phosphoinositides.

10090:Adgrg2
gene id: 10090:Adgrg2
uniprot id: Q14AX7
uniprot id: Q14BH6
uniprot id: Q8CJ12
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Epididymis-specific expression (at protein level). Associated with apical membranes of efferent ductule and proximal epididymal duct epithelia. Mainly expressed in the nonciliated principal cells of the proximal excurrent ducts.
messages: Heterodimer of 2 chains generated by proteolytic processing; the large extracellular N-terminal fragment and the membrane-bound C-terminal fragment predominantly remain associated and non-covalently linked.
messages: Highly glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant male are infertile. Targeted disruption leads to sperm stasis and duct obstruction, resulting from dysregulation of fluid reabsorption.
messages: Orphan receptor. Could be involved in a signal transduction pathway controlling epididymal function and male fertility. May regulate fluid exchange within epididymis.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved into 2 subunits, an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit.

10090:Plscr2
gene id: 10090:Plscr2
uniprot id: Q9DCW2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phospholipid scramblase family.
messages: Expressed in erythrocyte membranes, blood platelets, blood leukocytes, T- and B-lymphocytes, vascular endothelium, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, uterus, intestine and colon.
messages: May mediate accelerated ATP-independent bidirectional transbilayer migration of phospholipids upon binding calcium ions that results in a loss of phospholipid asymmetry in the plasma membrane. May play a central role in the initiation of fibrin clot formation, in the activation of mast cells and in the recognition of apoptotic and injured cells by the reticuloendothelial system.
messages: Membrane
messages: The N-terminal proline-rich domain (PRD) is required for phospholipid scramblase activity.

10090:Scn10a
gene id: 10090:Scn10a
uniprot id: K3W4P8
uniprot id: Q6QIY3
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family.
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family. Nav1.8/SCN10A subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in dorsal root ganglion and trigeminal ganglion.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lacks the cysteine which covalently binds the conotoxin GVIIJ. This cysteine (position 815) is speculated in other sodium channel subunits alpha to be implied in covalent binding with the sodium channel subunit beta-2 or beta-4.
messages: Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mus musculus is sensitive to the pain-inducing components of the bark scorpion (Centruroides sculpturatus) venom while Onychomys torridus is not. Gln-861 may account for the difference between both rodents and its replacement by a glutamate, the corresponding amino acid found in the Onychomys torridus ortholog, allows inhibition of Snc10a by the venom, which in turn, inhibits sodium currents, blocks action potential propagation and may induce analgesia (PubMed:24159039).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-1452 by PKC in a highly conserved cytoplasmic loop slows inactivation of the sodium channel and reduces peak sodium currents.
messages: Tetrodotoxin-resistant channel that mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which sodium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms.
messages: The channel consists of an ion conducting pore forming alpha-subunit regulated by one or more associated auxiliary subunits SCN1B, SCN2B and SCN3B; electrophysiological properties may vary depending on the type of the associated beta subunits. Found in a number of complexes with PRX, DYNLT1 and PDZD2. Interacts with proteins such as FSTL1, PRX, DYNLT1, PDZD2, S100A10 and many others (By similarity). Interacts with NEDD4 and NEDD4L.
messages: The sequence contains 4 internal repeats, each with 5 hydrophobic segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged segment (S4). Segments S4 are probably the voltage-sensors and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes its endocytosis.

10090:1810010H24Rik
gene id: 10090:1810010H24Rik
uniprot id: Q08AU9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0450 family.

10090:Polr3f
gene id: 10090:Polr3f
uniprot id: Q8C108
uniprot id: Q921X6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC34/RPC39 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. RPC3/POLR3C, RPC6/POLR3F and RPC7/POLR3G form a Pol III subcomplex (By similarity). Directly interacts with POLR3C (By similarity). Interacts with TBP and TFIIIB90 and GTF3C4 (By similarity). Interacts with MAF1 (By similarity). As part of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, interacts with PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. May direct RNA Pol III binding to the TFIIIB-DNA complex. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved detecting AT-rich DNA, in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity). Preferentially binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Myo1a
gene id: 10090:Myo1a
uniprot id: O88329
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Involved in directing the movement of organelles along actin filaments.
messages: Phosphorylated by ALPK1.
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).

10090:Rtn4rl1
gene id: 10090:Rtn4rl1
uniprot id: Q8K0S5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 13.5 dpc, strongly expressed in PNS ganglia and developing heart, and weakly expressed in brain and spinal cord. By postnatal day 1, strongly expressed in dorsal root ganglia and in dorsal and gray matter areas of spinal cord. Expressed in various adult brain structures including the amygdala, caudate putamen, cerebellum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb and thalamus.
messages: Belongs to the Nogo receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cell surface receptor that plays a functionally redundant role in postnatal brain development and in regulating axon regeneration in the adult central nervous system (PubMed:22406547, PubMed:27339102). Contributes to normal axon migration across the brain midline and normal formation of the corpus callosum (PubMed:27339102). Protects motoneurons against apoptosis; protection against apoptosis is probably mediated by MAG (PubMed:26335717). Plays a role in inhibiting neurite outgrowth and axon regeneration via its binding to neuronal chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PubMed:22406547). Binds heparin (PubMed:22406547). Like other family members, plays a role in restricting the number dendritic spines and the number of synapses that are formed during brain development (PubMed:22325200). Signaling mediates activation of Rho and downstream reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:22325200).
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:22406547). Detected in retina ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer (PubMed:22406547).
messages: Identified in a complex that contains RTN4R, RTN4RL1 and NGFR; the interaction depends on the presence of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PubMed:22406547). Does not interact with MAG, OMG and RTN4 (PubMed:12839991).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:22406547). Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:22406547). Compared to wild-type littermates, cultured hippocampus neurons from mutant mice display an increased number of excitatory synapses (PubMed:22325200). Likewise, mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have no visible phenotype, are healthy and viable (PubMed:22406547, PubMed:22325200). Mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have normal brain size and grossly normal brain anatomy, but display defects of medial brain structures, including an absence of the fasciola cinereum, corpus callosum agenesis and formation of bilateral Probst bundles indicative of the failure of callosally projecting neurons to extend across the midline (PubMed:27339102). Mice with a triple gene disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 display impaired ability to stay on a rotarod and increased spontaneous locomotion (PubMed:27339102). These mice display an increased number of excitatory synapses in the apical dendritic regions of hippocampus neurons, an increase in the complexity of dendrite structure and increased total dendrite length (PubMed:22325200). One month after birth, mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 show a significant reduction in the survival of motoneurons (PubMed:26335717). Compared to wild-type or single mutants, cerebellar granule cells from mice lacking Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 show decreased myelin-mediated inhibition of neurite outgrowth, an inhibition that is strongly decreased on myelin deficient in Mag, Rtn4 and Omg (PubMed:22406547). Mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl1 show increased axon regeneration after injury; the same effect is observed when Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 are disrupted (PubMed:22406547). Combined disruption of Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Ptprs further increases axon regeneration after injury (PubMed:22406547). Single gene disruptio…
messages: Perikaryon

10090:Usp8
gene id: 10090:Usp8
uniprot id: Q80U87
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Forms a ternary complex with RNF128 and OTUB1. Interacts (via C-terminal UCH catalytic domain) with OTUB1 isoform 1. Interacts with STAM2 (via SH3 domain). Interacts with DNAJB3, EGFR, EPS15, RASGRF1, RNF41, YWHAE, YWHAG and YWHAZ. Interacts with NBR1, RASGRF1, RNF41 and IST1 (By similarity). Associates with the ESCRT-0 complex and with microtubules. Interacts with BIRC6/bruce and KIF23/MKLP1.
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Expressed at intermediate level in brain.
messages: Hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from proteins and therefore plays an important regulatory role at the level of protein turnover by preventing degradation. Converts both 'Lys-48' an 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Catalytic activity is enhanced in the M phase. Involved in cell proliferation. Required to enter into S phase in response to serum stimulation. May regulate T-cell anergy mediated by RNF128 via the formation of a complex containing RNF128 and OTUB1. Probably regulates the stability of STAM2 and RASGRF1. Regulates endosomal ubiquitin dynamics, cargo sorting, membrane traffic at early endosomes, and maintenance of ESCRT-0 stability. The level of protein ubiquitination on endosomes is essential for maintaining the morphology of the organelle. Deubiquitinates EPS15 and controls tyrosine kinase stability. Removes conjugated ubiquitin from EGFR thus regulating EGFR degradation and downstream MAPK signaling. Involved in acrosome biogenesis through interaction with the spermatid ESCRT-0 complex and microtubules. Deubiquitinates BIRC6/bruce and KIF23/MKLP1 (By similarity). Deubiquitinates BACE1 which inhibits BACE1 lysosomal degradation and modulates BACE-mediated APP cleavage and amyloid-beta formation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-680 is essential for interaction with YWHAE and for cytosol localization. Undergoes dephosphorylation at Ser-680 in the M phase. Tyrosine-phosphorylated in its N-terminal half in an EGFR-dependent manner.
messages: The MIT domain is required for endosomal localization, CHMP1B-binding, maintenance of ESCRT-0 stability and EGFR degradation.
messages: The rhodanese domain is sufficient for RNF41-binding.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Inactive form is mostly monoubiquitinated, but polyubiquitination happens too. Ubiquitination is increased in EGF-stimulated cells. Ubiquitination of active form is undetectable, suggesting a possibility that USP8 deubiquitinates itself, thereby regulating its own function.

10090:H2-Ab1
gene id: 10090:H2-Ab1
uniprot id: P14483
uniprot id: Q3TD53
uniprot id: Q8BPA0
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class II family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitinated in immature dendritic cells leading to down-regulation of MHC class II.

10090:Ptp4a3
gene id: 10090:Ptp4a3
uniprot id: E9PXS4
uniprot id: Q9D658
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated upon skeletal muscle denervation.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Farnesylated. Farnesylation is required for membrane targeting. Unfarnesylated forms are shifted into the nucleus.
messages: Inhibited by sodium orthovanadate and peroxovanadium compounds, and by pentamidine.
messages: Interacts with tubulin.
messages: Present in the small intestine, where it is located in the differentiated epithelial cells of the villus but not in the proliferating crypt cells (at protein level). Expressed in heart and skeletal muscle, and at lower levels in lung, spleen and testis.
messages: Protein tyrosine phosphatase which stimulates progression from G1 into S phase during mitosis. Enhances cell proliferation, cell motility and invasive activity, and promotes cancer metastasis. May be involved in the progression of cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting intracellular calcium mobilization in response to angiotensin II.

10090:Or10a3
gene id: 10090:Or10a3
uniprot id: Q8VEW1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Btg2
gene id: 10090:Btg2
uniprot id: Q04211
uniprot id: Q3TF68
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Anti-proliferative protein; the function is mediated by association with deadenylase subunits of the CCR4-NOT complex. Activates mRNA deadenylation in a CNOT6 and CNOT7-dependent manner. In vitro can inhibit deadenylase activity of CNOT7 and CNOT8. Involved in cell cycle regulation. Could be involved in the growth arrest and differentiation of the neuronal precursors. Modulates transcription regulation mediated by ESR1. Involved in mitochondrial depolarization and neurite outgrowth (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the BTG family.
messages: By nerve growth factor and tumors promoters.
messages: Interacts with PRKCABP. Interacts with CNOT7 and CNOT8; indicative for an association with the CCR4-NOT complex. Interacts with PIN1, inducing mitochondrial depolarization (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-147 by MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1, and at Ser-149 by MAPK14, leading to PIN1-binding and mitochondrial depolarization.

10090:Il24
gene id: 10090:Il24
uniprot id: A0A7R8GUW9
uniprot id: Q925S4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IL-10 family.
messages: By IL4.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: IL24-deficient mice are more sensitive to CCL4-induced liver injury than WT counterparts.
messages: Immune regulatory cytokine.
messages: Multifunctional cytokine mainly produced by T-cells that plays a regulatory role in immune response, tissue homeostasis, host defense, and oncogenesis (PubMed:31907348, PubMed:35148201). Possesses antiviral functions and induces the type I intereferon response during influenza infection. Signals through two receptor complexes IL20RA/IL20RB or IL20RB/IL22RA1. In turn, stimulates the JAK1-STAT3 and MAPK pathways and promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators including IL8 and MMP1 (By similarity). Intracellularly, maintains endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by restricting the eIF2alpha-CHOP pathway-mediated stress signal (PubMed:31907348). In addition, acts as a quality control mechanism for the ubiquitin proteasome system by alerting the cell to proteasome dysfunction through activation of PKR/EIF2AK2 (PubMed:35148201).
messages: Secreted
messages: Selectively expressed by Th2 cells (PubMed:11342597). Expressed in the liver (PubMed:31907348).
messages: Ubiquitination at Lys-97 promotes proteasomal degradation.

10090:Plpbp
gene id: 10090:Plpbp
uniprot id: Q544R1
uniprot id: Q6P8V7
uniprot id: Q9Z2Y8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the pyridoxal phosphate-binding protein YggS/PROSC family.
messages: Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-binding protein, which may be involved in intracellular homeostatic regulation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6.

10090:Med31
gene id: 10090:Med31
uniprot id: Q9CXU1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 31 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Or5an6
gene id: 10090:Or5an6
uniprot id: Q8VFV4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Localized in the dorsomedial and ventral region of the olfactory bulb.
messages: Odorant receptor involved in the detection of muscone.

10090:Htatip2
gene id: 10090:Htatip2
uniprot id: Q9Z2G9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mice are haploinsufficient for tumor suppression. 50% develop tumors within their second year. 30% of the tumors are hepatocellular carcinomas.
messages: Monomer. Binds nuclear transport receptors XPO4, IPO5/RANBP5, IPO7, IPO9 and KPNB1 as well as GCN1L1/GCN1 and LRPPRC probably through their HEAT repeats. Binds NCOA5/CIA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Oxidoreductase required for tumor suppression. NADPH-bound form inhibits nuclear import by competing with nuclear import substrates for binding to a subset of nuclear transport receptors. May act as a redox sensor linked to transcription through regulation of nuclear import.

10090:Pramel19
gene id: 10090:Pramel19
uniprot id: L7MTS5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Sbno1
gene id: 10090:Sbno1
uniprot id: B2RRI2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SBNO family.

10090:Hccs
gene id: 10090:Hccs
uniprot id: P53702
uniprot id: Q8BP79
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c-type heme lyase family.
messages: Lyase that catalyzes the covalent linking of the heme group to the cytochrome C apoprotein to produce the mature functional cytochrome.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Erf
gene id: 10090:Erf
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0I0
uniprot id: P70459
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Expressed along the osteogenic margins of the developing calvarial bones, in a similar distribution to that observed for the master osteogenic regulator RUNX2.
messages: Expressed throughout embryonic development and adulthood. In the developing placenta, after 7.5 dpc expression is restricted to the extraembryonic ectoderm, and after 9.5 dpc to subpopulation of labyrinth cells.
messages: Mice fail to undergo chorioallantoic attachment and labyrinth development and die in utero due to severe placenta defects.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by multiple kinases including MAPK1/ERK2 at THR-529. Phosphorylation regulates the activity of ERF (By similarity).
messages: Potent transcriptional repressor that binds to the H1 element of the Ets2 promoter. May regulate other genes involved in cellular proliferation (By similarity). Required for extraembryonic ectoderm differentiation, ectoplacental cone cavity closure, and chorioallantoic attachment. May be important for regulating trophoblast stem cell differentiation.

10090:Ppp1r18
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r18
uniprot id: Q8BQ30
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1).
messages: May target protein phosphatase 1 to F-actin cytoskeleton.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Igsf10
gene id: 10090:Igsf10
uniprot id: Q3V1M1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: In the embryo, expressed in the nasal mesenchyme.
messages: Involved in the control of early migration of neurons expressing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH neurons) (PubMed:27137492). May be involved in the maintenance of osteochondroprogenitor cells pool (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Npc1
gene id: 10090:Npc1
uniprot id: O35604
uniprot id: Q7TMD4
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cysteine-rich N-terminal domain and a C-terminal domain containing a di-leucine motif necessary for lysosomal targeting are critical for mobilization of cholesterol from lysosomes.
messages: Belongs to the patched family.
messages: Defects in Npc1 cause a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by accumulation of cholesterol in lysosomes and impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Causes age-dependent loss of Purkinje cells, loss of body weight and leads then to ataxia and premature death at a median age of 72 days.
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level) (PubMed:21896731, PubMed:22048958). Ubiquitous (PubMed:9211850). Detected in adult heart, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, testis (PubMed:9211850).
messages: Interacts (via the second lumenal domain) with NPC2 (PubMed:22065762, PubMed:27551080). Interacts with TMEM97. Interacts with TIM1 (By similarity). Interacts with SLC38A9; this interaction inhibits cholesterol-mediated mTORC1 activation via its sterol transport activity (By similarity).
messages: Intracellular cholesterol transporter which acts in concert with NPC2 and plays an important role in the egress of cholesterol from the endosomal/lysosomal compartment (PubMed:21896731, PubMed:22048958, PubMed:27551080). Unesterified cholesterol that has been released from LDLs in the lumen of the late endosomes/lysosomes is transferred by NPC2 to the cholesterol-binding pocket in the N-terminal domain of NPC1. Cholesterol binds to NPC1 with the hydroxyl group buried in the binding pocket (By similarity). May play a role in vesicular trafficking in glia, a process that may be crucial for maintaining the structural and functional integrity of nerve terminals (Probable). Inhibits cholesterol-mediated mTORC1 activation throught its interaction with SLC38A9 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Nprl3
gene id: 10090:Nprl3
uniprot id: Q8BXG6
uniprot id: Q8VIJ8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As a component of the GATOR1 complex functions as an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway.
messages: As a component of the GATOR1 complex functions as an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the mTORC1 pathway. In response to amino acid depletion, the GATOR1 complex has GTPase activating protein (GAP) activity and strongly increases GTP hydrolysis by RagA/RRAGA (or RagB/RRAGB) within heterodimeric Rag complexes, thereby turning them into their inactive GDP-bound form, releasing mTORC1 from lysosomal surface and inhibiting mTORC1 signaling. In the presence of abundant amino acids, the GATOR1 complex is negatively regulated by GATOR2, the other GATOR subcomplex, in this amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 pathway.
messages: Belongs to the NPR3 family.
messages: Lethality towards the end of gestation caused by a range of cardiac defects, including outflow tract abnormalities and ventricular-septal defects.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Within the GATOR complex, component of the GATOR1 subcomplex, made of DEPDC5, NPRL2 and NPRL3. GATOR1 mediates the strong interaction of the GATOR complex with small GTPases Rag (RagA/RRAGA, RagB/RRAGB, RagC/RRAGC and/or RagD/RRAGD) heterodimers. GATOR1 interacts with GPR155/LYCHOS; interaction takes place in presence of cholesterol and prevents interaction between GATOR1 and KICSTOR.

10090:Tuba1a
gene id: 10090:Tuba1a
uniprot id: P68369
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is located inside the microtubule lumen. This modification has been correlated with increased microtubule stability, intracellular transport and ciliary assembly.
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Detyrosination is involved in metaphase plate congression by guiding chromosomes during mitosis: detyrosination promotes interaction with CENPE, promoting pole-proximal transport of chromosomes toward the equator (By similarity). Detyrosination increases microtubules-dependent mechanotransduction in dystrophic cardiac and skeletal muscle (PubMed:26446751). In cardiomyocytes, detyrosinated microtubules are required to resist to contractile compression during contraction: detyrosination promotes association with desmin (DES) at force-generating sarcomeres, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (PubMed:27102488).
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Methylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is found in mitotic microtubules and is required for normal mitosis and cytokinesis contributing to genomic stability.
messages: Nitration of Tyr-451 is irreversible and interferes with normal dynein intracellular distribution.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:1967194, PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Tyrosination promotes microtubule interaction with CAP-Gly domain-containing proteins such as CLIP1, CLIP2 and DCTN1 (PubMed:16954346, PubMed:19564401). Tyrosination regulates the initiation of dynein-dynactin motility via interaction with DCTN1, which brings the dynein-dynactin complex into contact with microtubules. In neurons, tyrosinated tubulins mediate the initiation of retrograde vesicle transport (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, although primarily in lung and brain.
messages: Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (MATCAP, VASH1 or VASH2) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mup11
gene id: 10090:Mup11
uniprot id: A2BIM8
uniprot id: P04938
uniprot id: Q9CXU6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind pheromones, and thus stabilize them to allow slow release into the air from urine marks. May protect pheromones from oxidation. May also act as pheromones themselves. In this context, they play a role in the regulation of social behaviors, such as aggression, mating, pup-suckling, territory establishment and dominance (Probable). Binds the pheromone analog 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT) in vitro (PubMed:25279835).
messages: Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind pheromones, and thus stabilize them to allow slow release into the air from urine marks. May protect pheromones from oxidation. May also act as pheromones themselves. In this context, they play a role in the regulation of social behaviors, such as aggression, mating, pup-suckling, territory establishment and dominance.
messages: Secreted

10090:Iqsec2
gene id: 10090:Iqsec2
uniprot id: A4GZ26
uniprot id: D3Z6V7
uniprot id: E9QAD8
uniprot id: Q5DU25
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BRAG family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the ARF GTP-binding proteins.

10090:Or1e23
gene id: 10090:Or1e23
uniprot id: Q8VF79
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcyt2
gene id: 10090:Pcyt2
uniprot id: A2ABY3
uniprot id: Q3USD5
uniprot id: Q922E4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
messages: Ethanolamine-phosphate cytidylyltransferase that catalyzes the second step in the synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) from ethanolamine via the CDP-ethanolamine pathway (PubMed:17325045). Phosphatidylethanolamine is a dominant inner-leaflet phospholipid in cell membranes, where it plays a role in membrane function by structurally stabilizing membrane-anchored proteins, and participates in important cellular processes such as cell division, cell fusion, blood coagulation, and apoptosis (PubMed:17325045).
messages: Homozygous knockout embryos die after implantation, prior to embryonic day 8.5.

10090:R3hcc1
gene id: 10090:R3hcc1
uniprot id: Q8BSI6
names: Caution
messages: Ribosome profiling data indicate that translation initiates from the non-AUG (CUG) codon used here.

10090:Itga1
gene id: 10090:Itga1
uniprot id: Q3V3R4
uniprot id: Q8BPT3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Alpha-1 associates with beta-1 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB21 (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with PTPN2; activates PTPN2 phosphatase activity towards EGFR and negatively regulates EGF signaling (By similarity).
messages: Integrin alpha-1/beta-1 is a receptor for laminin and collagen. It recognizes the proline-hydroxylated sequence G-F-P-G-E-R in collagen. Involved in anchorage-dependent, negative regulation of EGF-stimulated cell growth.
messages: Membrane
messages: The integrin I-domain (insert) is a VWFA domain. Integrins with I-domains do not undergo protease cleavage.

10090:Spaca6
gene id: 10090:Spaca6
uniprot id: E9Q8Q8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SPACA6 family.
messages: Expression is first detected on postnatal day 21.
messages: Highly expressed in testis (PubMed:24275887, PubMed:32393636). Minor expression also detected in epididymis, seminal vesicle and ovary (PubMed:32393636). Predominantly expressed in testicular germ cells during spermiogenesis (PubMed:24275887). Most abundant in round spermatids and detected at lower levels in elongating spermatids (PubMed:24275887).
messages: Male infertility (PubMed:24275887, PubMed:32393636). Testis appearance, size and weight are normal and there is no effect on sperm morphology or motility but there is a failure of sperm-egg interaction and fusion (PubMed:24275887, PubMed:32393636). Spermatozoa undergo normal acrosomal reaction and can penetrate the zona pellucida but accumulate in the perivitelline space as they are unable to fuse with the egg plasma membrane to complete fertilization (PubMed:24275887, PubMed:32393636). No effect on amount or localization of sperm-egg fusion protein IZUMO1 (PubMed:32393636).
messages: Sperm protein required for fusion of sperm with the egg membrane during fertilization.
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Sntn
gene id: 10090:Sntn
uniprot id: Q8C9X1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Sentan' means 'tip' in Japanese.
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in ciliated epithelial cells. Detected in ciliated epithelium of trachea and oviduct (at protein level).
messages: Expression gradually increases during in vitro ciliogenesis.
messages: May be a component of the linker structure that bridges the ciliary membrane and peripheral singlet microtubules.
messages: cilium

10090:Pcdha8
gene id: 10090:Pcdha8
uniprot id: Q91Y12
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tfap2d
gene id: 10090:Tfap2d
uniprot id: Q91ZK0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AP-2 family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members.
messages: Expressed in both embryonic and newborn brain.
messages: Expression is first detected at 9.5 dpc in the central nervous system and the developing heart. The signal detected in heart persists through to 10.5 dpc. Diffusely expressed in developing brain at 10.5 dpc to 11.5 dpc, but by 13.5 dpc expression is mostly confined to the midbrain and forebrain. Also expressed in the spinal cord at 10.5 dpc, and in retinal epithelium from 13.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc. No signals detected in tissues such as the neural crest, facial mesenchyme, and limbs where other Tfap2 genes are expressed.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC.

10090:Jpt2
gene id: 10090:Jpt2
uniprot id: Q3TM10
uniprot id: Q6PGH2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JUPITER family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer. Dimer. Interacts with TPCN1.
messages: Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) binding protein required for NAADP-evoked intracellular calcium release. Confers NAADP-sensitivity to the two pore channels (TPCs) complex. Enables NAADP to activate Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum through ryanodine receptors.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rhbdf2
gene id: 10090:Rhbdf2
uniprot id: Q80WQ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S54 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with EGF (PubMed:21439629). Interacts (via cytoplasmic N-terminus) with FRMD8/iTAP; this interaction leads to mutual protein stabilization (PubMed:29897336). Interacts with ADAM17/TACE (By similarity).
messages: Regulates ADAM17 protease, a sheddase of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands and TNF, thereby plays a role in sleep, cell survival, proliferation, migration and inflammation. Does not exhibit any protease activity on its own.

10090:Slc31a2
gene id: 10090:Slc31a2
uniprot id: Q4KL43
uniprot id: Q9CPU9
uniprot id: Q9D524
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Does not function as a copper(1+) importer in vivo (PubMed:24167251). However, in vitro functions as low-affinity copper(1+) importer (By similarity). Regulator of SLC31A1 which facilitates the cleavage of the SLC31A1 ecto-domain or which stabilizes the truncated form of SLC31A1 (Truncated CTR1 form), thereby drives the SLC31A1 truncated form-dependent endosomal copper export and modulates the copper and cisplatin accumulation via SLC31A1 (PubMed:24167251).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Slc31a2 grow normally, with no obvious developmental defects.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Oligomer. Interacts with SLC31A1; this interaction stabilizes SLC31A2 and protects it from ubiquitination and the subsequent degradation.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The N-terminal domain may be involved in Cu(2+) acquisition from potential degradation products of proteins in the lysosome.
messages: Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination and the subsequent proteasomal degradation are prevent by SLC31A1 that stabilizes it.

10090:Ppp1r1c
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r1c
uniprot id: Q8BKK4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May increase cell susceptibility to TNF-induced apoptosis.

10090:Ugp2
gene id: 10090:Ugp2
uniprot id: Q3U548
uniprot id: Q91ZJ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homooctamer.
messages: UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase catalyzing the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate into UDP-glucose, a crucial precursor for the production of glycogen.

10090:Arrdc3
gene id: 10090:Arrdc3
uniprot id: Q7TPQ9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in regulating cell-surface expression of adrenergic receptors and probably also other G protein-coupled receptors (PubMed:21982743). Plays a role in NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination and endocytosis af activated ADRB2 and subsequent ADRB2 degradation. May recruit NEDD4 to ADRB2. Alternatively, may function as adapter protein that does not play a major role in recruiting NEDD4 to ADRB2, but rather plays a role in a targeting ADRB2 to endosomes.
messages: Belongs to the arrestin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, brown fat and skeletal muscle, and at lower levels in kidney.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts (via PPxY motifs) with NEDD4 (via WW domains). Interacts with ADRB2. Interacts with ADRB3. Interacts with HGS (via PPxY motifs). Does not bind TXN (thioredoxin). Interacts with ITCH.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but there is important perinatal lethality and the majority do not survive till weaning. Mutant mice have considerably less body mass and accumulate less body fat than wild-type, in spite of normal food intake. Heterozygous mice display higher oxygen uptake, increased activity levels and higher energy expenditure than wild-type. In addition, they display increased expression of genes required for thermogenesis, increased activation of signaling cascades downstream of beta-adrenergic receptors, more rapid readjustment of body temperature when exposed to cold and increased heat production.
messages: Up-regulated by fasting. Transiently up-regulated during the differentiation of pre-adipocytes.

10090:B4galt5
gene id: 10090:B4galt5
uniprot id: Q3U7I0
uniprot id: Q9JMK0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of lactosylceramide (LacCer) via the transfer of galactose from UDP-galactose to glucosylceramide (GlcCer) (PubMed:21057870, PubMed:23882130, PubMed:30114188). LacCer is the starting point in the biosynthesis of all gangliosides (membrane-bound glycosphingolipids) which play pivotal roles in the CNS including neuronal maturation and axonal and myelin formation (PubMed:30114188). Plays a role in the glycosylation of BMPR1A and regulation of its protein stability (PubMed:29415997). Essential for extraembryonic development during early embryogenesis (PubMed:20574042, PubMed:21057870).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highest levels in heart, brain, liver and kidney with lower levels in spleen, lung and testis.
messages: In the brain, expression increases after birth.
messages: Membrane
messages: Single knockout mice show early embryonic lethality (PubMed:20574042). Mice with conditional knockout in embryonic fibroblasts are born normally, grow to adulthood without apparent abnormalities but have reduced glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity (PubMed:30114188). Double knockout mice of B4GALT5 and B4GALT6 genes develop normally during embryogenesis and perinatal stage (PubMed:30114188). However, they show growth retardation and motor deficits with hindlimb dysfunction at 2 weeks of age, and they all die by 4 weeks of age (PubMed:30114188). Axonal and myelin formation are remarkably impaired in the spinal cords and increased immature neurons in the cerebral cortices seen (PubMed:30114188). Glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity and major brain gangliosides are completely absent in brain (PubMed:30114188). Knockdown in subcutaneous adipose tissue alleviates insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, increases adipogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and ob/ob mice and reduces the glycosylation of BMPR1A (PubMed:29415997).
messages: Up-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue during obesity and diabetes (at protein level).

10090:Ndufaf8
gene id: 10090:Ndufaf8
uniprot id: A2AMZ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with NDUFAF5.
messages: Involved in the assembly of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I, MT-ND1). Required to stabilize NDUFAF5.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Cds2
gene id: 10090:Cds2
uniprot id: A2AMQ5
uniprot id: Q6PBC0
uniprot id: Q8BX08
uniprot id: Q99L43
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CDS family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), an essential intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol (By similarity). Exhibits specificity for the nature of the acyl chains at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions in the substrate, PA and the preferred acyl chain composition is 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-phosphatidic acid (By similarity). Plays an important role in regulating the growth and maturation of lipid droplets which are storage organelles at the center of lipid and energy homeostasis (PubMed:26946540).
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), an essential intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous. Expressed in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer of the retina.

10090:Ggct
gene id: 10090:Ggct
uniprot id: Q9D7X8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of 5-oxoproline from gamma-glutamyl dipeptides and may play a significant role in glutathione homeostasis. Induces release of cytochrome c from mitochondria with resultant induction of apoptosis.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Or10a48
gene id: 10090:Or10a48
uniprot id: Q8VFZ6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Irf2bpl
gene id: 10090:Irf2bpl
uniprot id: Q8K3X4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IRF2BP family.
messages: Interacts with CTNNB1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable E3 ubiquitin protein ligase involved in the proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation of target proteins. Through the degradation of CTNNB1, functions downstream of FOXF2 to negatively regulate the Wnt signaling pathway. Probably plays a role in the development of the central nervous system and in neuronal maintenance (By similarity). Also acts as a transcriptional regulator of genes controlling female reproductive function. May play a role in gene transcription by transactivating GNRH1 promoter and repressing PENK promoter (By similarity).

10090:Mcrip2
gene id: 10090:Mcrip2
uniprot id: Q9CQB2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MCRIP family.
messages: Interacts with DDX6. Interacts with MCRIP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Stress granule

10090:Nploc4
gene id: 10090:Nploc4
uniprot id: P60670
uniprot id: Q3UDU9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NPL4 family.
messages: Binds ubiquitinated proteins via its RanBP2-type zinc finger.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Heterodimer with UFD1. The heterodimer binds ubiquitinated proteins. The heterodimer binds to VCP and inhibits Golgi membrane fusion (By similarity). Interacts with ZFAND2B; probably through VCP (PubMed:24160817).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The ternary complex containing UFD1, VCP and NPLOC4 binds ubiquitinated proteins and is necessary for the export of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytoplasm, where they are degraded by the proteasome. The NPLOC4-UFD1-VCP complex regulates spindle disassembly at the end of mitosis and is necessary for the formation of a closed nuclear envelope (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of type I interferon production via the complex formed with VCP and UFD1, which binds to RIGI and recruits RNF125 to promote ubiquitination and degradation of RIGI (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Kcnn1
gene id: 10090:Kcnn1
uniprot id: A0A140T8Q8
uniprot id: Q9EQR3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel KCNN family. KCa2.1/KCNN1 subfamily.
messages: Forms a voltage-independent potassium channel activated by intracellular calcium (PubMed:11557517). Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization (PubMed:11557517). Thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic afterhyperpolarization (PubMed:11557517).
messages: Heterooligomer. The complex is composed of 4 channel subunits each of which binds to a calmodulin subunit which regulates the channel activity through calcium-binding (By similarity). Interacts with calmodulin.
messages: Highest expression in brain and liver with lower levels in heart, testis, kidney and colon. In colon, detected in smooth muscle cells. Expressed in atrial and ventricular myocytes with higher levels in atrial myocytes.
messages: Inhibited by bee venom neurotoxin apamin. Inhibited by d-tubocurarine and tetraethylammonium (TEA).
messages: Membrane
messages: Produced by alternative splicing events in which various combinations of the four 5' non-coding exons A, B1, B2 or C are joined directly to exon 3.2.
messages: Reduced calmodulin-binding.
messages: The poly-Glu region of KCNN1 is polymorphic and the number of Glu varies between strains (from 10 to 12). The repeat with 10 Glu residues (shown here) is found in BALB/c, DBA/2J, 129/SvJ, A/J, C3H/HeJ, BALB/cJ, BXD-31, SM/J, ST/BJ, FVB/NJ, NZB/B1NJ, CBA/J and CAST/Ei.

10090:Or4c109
gene id: 10090:Or4c109
uniprot id: A2ATG3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dapp1
gene id: 10090:Dapp1
uniprot id: Q9QXT1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PLCG2.
messages: May act as a B-cell-associated adapter that regulates B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-signaling downstream of PI3K.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues.
messages: Upon B-cell activation.

10090:Cblb
gene id: 10090:Cblb
uniprot id: B9EKI5
uniprot id: Q3TTA7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated upon EGF-mediated cell activation or upon T-cell costimulation by CD28; which promotes proteasomal degradation.
messages: By serum starvation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and transfers it to substrates, generally promoting their degradation by the proteasome.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and transfers it to substrates, generally promoting their degradation by the proteasome. Negatively regulates TCR (T-cell receptor), BCR (B-cell receptor) and FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor) signal transduction pathways. In naive T-cells, inhibits VAV1 activation upon TCR engagement and imposes a requirement for CD28 costimulation for proliferation and IL-2 production. Also acts by promoting PIK3R1/p85 ubiquitination, which impairs its recruitment to the TCR and subsequent activation. In activated T-cells, inhibits PLCG1 activation and calcium mobilization upon restimulation and promotes anergy. In B-cells, acts by ubiquitinating SYK and promoting its proteasomal degradation. Slightly promotes SRC ubiquitination. May be involved in EGFR ubiquitination and internalization. May be functionally coupled with the E2 ubiquitin-protein ligase UB2D3. In association with CBL, required for proper feedback inhibition of ciliary platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRA) signaling pathway via ubiquitination and internalization of PDGFRA (PubMed:29237719).
messages: Interacts with SH3 domain-containing proteins LCK, CRK and SORBS1. Interacts with LCP2 and ZAP70. Interacts with CBL. Interacts with SH3 domain-containing proteins VAV1, FYN, FGR, PLCG1, GRB2, CRKL, PIK3R1 and SH3KBP1/CIN85. Identified in heterotrimeric complexes with SH3KBP1/CIN85, CD2AP and ARHGEF7, where one CBLB peptide binds two copies of the other protein. Interacts with poly-ubiquitinated proteins. Dimerization is required for the binding of poly-ubiquitin, but not for the binding of mono-ubiquitin. Interacts with EGFR (phosphorylated). Interacts with IFT20 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are fertile and grossly normal. However, they show a high sensitivity to autoimmune diseases and may develop a spontaneous generalized autoimmune disorder characterized by auto-antibody production, infiltration of activated T- and B-lymphocytes into various organs and parenchymal damage.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine and serine residues upon TCR or BCR activation. Phosphorylated on Tyr-664 and Tyr-708 in adipocytes following insulin stimulation.
messages: The N-terminus is composed of the phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain, a short linker region and the RING-type zinc finger. The PTB domain, which is also called TKB (tyrosine kinase binding) domain, is composed of three different subdomains: a four-helix bundle (4H), a calcium-binding EF hand and a divergent SH2 domain.
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain mediates binding to an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme.
messages: The UBA domain interacts with poly-ubiquitinated proteins.
messages: This protein has one functional calcium-binding site.

10090:Swap70
gene id: 10090:Swap70
uniprot id: Q6A028
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Not detected in the spleen of 1-week old mice. Detected from 2-weeks onwards and thereafter levels increase and then from 12-weeks onwards levels decline.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which, independently of RAS, transduces signals from tyrosine kinase receptors to RAC. It also mediates signaling of membrane ruffling. Regulates the actin cytoskeleton as an effector or adapter protein in response to agonist stimulated phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate production and cell protrusion (By similarity).
messages: Spleen. Expressed only in B-cells that have been induced to switch to various Ig isotypes.
messages: The PH domain is essential for phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate binding.
messages: The SWAP complex consists of NPM1, NCL, PARP1 and SWAP70.
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Pramel15
gene id: 10090:Pramel15
uniprot id: B1ARV6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Kcna7
gene id: 10090:Kcna7
uniprot id: Q17ST2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.7/KCNA7 sub-subfamily.
messages: Detected in heart, skeletal muscle, brain, and pancreatic islet cells.
messages: Heterotetramer of potassium channel proteins.
messages: Mediates the voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Channels formed by isoform 1 inactivate faster than channels formed by isoform 2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-33 of isoform 1.
messages: The N-terminus may be important in determining the rate of inactivation of the channel while the tail may play a role in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Skic3
gene id: 10090:Skic3
uniprot id: F8VPK0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SKI3 family.
messages: Component of the SKI complex which consists of SKIC2, SKIC3 and SKIC8. Interacts with PAF1.
messages: Component of the SKI complex, a multiprotein complex that assists the RNA-degrading exosome during the mRNA decay and quality-control pathways. The SKI complex catalyzes mRNA extraction from 80S ribosomal complexes in the 3'-5' direction and channels mRNA to the cytosolic exosome for degradation. SKI-mediated extraction of mRNA from stalled ribosomes allow binding of the Pelota-HBS1L complex and subsequent ribosome disassembly by ABCE1 for ribosome recycling. In the nucleus, the SKI complex associates with transcriptionally active genes in a manner dependent on PAF1 complex (PAF1C).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gfus
gene id: 10090:Gfus
uniprot id: P23591
uniprot id: Q5HZI6
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. Fucose synthase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the two-step NADP-dependent conversion of GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose to GDP-fucose, involving an epimerase and a reductase reaction.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mutagen treatment of P815 tumor cells produces tum-variants that elicit a cytolytic T-lymphocyte response (CTL). The antigenic allele differs from the normal allele by a single mutation in position 139.

10090:Pias2
gene id: 10090:Pias2
uniprot id: F8WHS8
uniprot id: G3UWE3
uniprot id: Q8C5D8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PIAS family.
messages: Binds SUMO1 and UBE2I. Interacts with AXIN1, JUN, MDM2, PARK7, TP53 and TP73 isoform alpha, but not TP73 isoform beta. Interacts with STAT4 following IL12 and IFN-alpha stimulation of T-cells. Interacts also with GTF2I, GTF2IRD1, IKFZ1, DAB2 and MSX2, as well as with several steroid receptors, including ESR1, ESR2, NR3C1, PGR, AR, and with NCOA2. Sumoylation of a target protein seems to enhance the interaction. Binds to sumoylated ELK1. Interacts with PLAG1 (By similarity). Binds DNA, such as CDKN1A promoter, in a sequence-specific manner. Interacts with KLF8; the interaction results in SUMO ligation and repression of KLF8 transcriptional activity and of its cell cycle progression into G(1) phase (By similarity). Interacts with IFIH1/MDA5 (By similarity). Interacts with PML (By similarity). Interacts with PRDM1 (By similarity).
messages: Functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase, stabilizing the interaction between UBE2I and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. Plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway, the p53 pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway. The effects of this transcriptional coregulation, transactivation or silencing may vary depending upon the biological context and PIAS2 isoform studied. However, it seems to be mostly involved in gene silencing. Binds to sumoylated ELK1 and enhances its transcriptional activity by preventing recruitment of HDAC2 by ELK1, thus reversing SUMO-mediated repression of ELK1 transactivation activity. Isoform PIASx-beta, but not isoform PIASx-alpha, promotes MDM2 sumoylation. Isoform PIASx-alpha promotes PARK7 sumoylation. Isoform PIASx-beta promotes NCOA2 sumoylation more efficiently than isoform PIASx-alpha (By similarity). Sumoylates PML at'Lys-65' and 'Lys-160' (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: PML body
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: The LXXLL motif is a transcriptional coregulator signature.

10090:Wnt7b
gene id: 10090:Wnt7b
uniprot id: E9Q5E3
uniprot id: P28047
uniprot id: Q6NZR1
uniprot id: Q6PDY6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 7.5 and 8.5 dpc, detected in extraembryonic membranes and cells that form the chorionic plate.
messages: Belongs to the Wnt family.
messages: Forms a soluble 1:1 complex with AFM; this prevents oligomerization and is required for prolonged biological activity. The complex with AFM may represent the physiological form in body fluids (By similarity). Interacts with FZD1 and FZD10 (PubMed:15923619). Interacts with FZD4 (in vitro) (PubMed:15923619). Interacts with PORCN (PubMed:10866835). Interacts with glypican GPC3 (By similarity). Interacts (via intrinsically disordered linker region) with RECK; interaction with RECK confers ligand selectivity for Wnt7 in brain endothelial cells and allows these cells to selectively respond to Wnt7 (By similarity).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors that functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway (PubMed:15923619, PubMed:28803732). Required for normal fusion of the chorion and the allantois during placenta development (PubMed:11543617). Required for central nervous system (CNS) angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier regulation (PubMed:28803732).
messages: Ligand for members of the frizzled family of seven transmembrane receptors.
messages: Palmitoleoylation is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors. Depalmitoleoylation leads to Wnt signaling pathway inhibition.
messages: Secreted
messages: The intrinsically disordered linker region is required for recognition by RECK in brain endothelial cells.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Khnyn
gene id: 10090:Khnyn
uniprot id: Q80U38
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the N4BP1 family.

10090:Tas2r120
gene id: 10090:Tas2r120
uniprot id: Q7M721
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Naip6
gene id: 10090:Naip6
uniprot id: Q9JIB6
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with S.typhimurium (Salmonella) flagellin.
messages: Component of the NLRC4 inflammasome, at least composed of NLRC4, caspase-1 (CASP1) and some NAIP protein.
messages: Sensor component of the NLRC4 inflammasome that specifically recognizes and binds flagellin from pathogenic bacteria. Association of pathogenic bacteria proteins drives in turn drive assembly and activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, promoting caspase-1 activation, cytokine production and macrophage pyroptosis. The NLRC4 inflammasome is activated as part of the innate immune response to a range of intracellular bacteria (PubMed:21874021). The NLRC4 inflammasome senses Gram-negative bacteria such as L.pneumophila and P.aeruginosa, enteric pathogens S.typhimurium (Salmonella) and S.flexneri. May contribute to prevent motor-neuron apoptosis induced by a variety of signals (By similarity).

10090:Knop1
gene id: 10090:Knop1
uniprot id: Q9Z2Q2
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated during myoblast differentiation.
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: Interacts with ZNF106.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Gm20737
gene id: 10090:Gm20737
uniprot id: Q3TTD8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Cotl1
gene id: 10090:Cotl1
uniprot id: Q9CQI6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Coactosin subfamily.
messages: Binds to F-actin in a calcium-independent manner. Has no direct effect on actin depolymerization. Acts as a chaperone for ALOX5 (5LO), influencing both its stability and activity in leukotrienes synthesis (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5/5LO) in a calcium-independent manner. Binds to F-actin with a stoichiometry of 1:2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:H2ac7
gene id: 10090:H2ac7
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Ak7
gene id: 10090:Ak7
uniprot id: Q9D2H2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the dpy-30 family.
messages: In the central section; belongs to the adenylate kinase family.
messages: Mutant mice present pathological signs characteristic of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), including high prevalence of microtubular defects, significantly decreased ciliary beat frequency, hydrocephalus, abnormal spermatogenesis, mucus accumulation in the paranasal passages, and exacerbated respiratory responses upon allergen challenge. This phenotype arose serendipitously in the process of generating transgenic mice harboring a heme oxygenase 1 construct, due to the serendipitous disruption of Ak7 locus by the transgene insertion event (PubMed:18776131). Mutant testes reveal the absence of flagellum structures, compared with those from control littermates. In mutant testes, nearly all sperm heads are attached to cytoplasmic mass and not prolonged by flagellar structures, such as mitochondrial sheath, fibrous sheath and axoneme. In mutant epididymes, very few sperm structures are observed. The rare sperm flagellum observed show an absence of the central pair of microtubules (PubMed:29365104).
messages: Nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has highest activity toward AMP, and weaker activity toward dAMP, CMP and dCMP. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity. Involved in maintaining ciliary structure and function.
messages: cytosol
messages: flagellum

10090:Sumo2
gene id: 10090:Sumo2
uniprot id: P61957
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily.
messages: Cleavage of precursor form by SENP1 or SENP2 is necessary for function.
messages: Interacts with SAE2 and UBE2I. Interacts with ZNF451. Identified in a complex with ZNF451 and UBE2I/UBC9, where one ZNF451 interacts with one UBE2I/UBC9 and two SUMO2 chains, one bound to the UBE2I/UBC9 active site and the other to another region of the same UBE2I/UBC9 molecule. Covalently attached to a number of proteins. Interacts with PELP1. Interacts with USP25; the interaction sumoylates USP25. Interacts with SIMC1, CASP8AP2, RNF111 and SOBP (via SIM domains). Interacts with MTA1. Interacts with HINT1 (PubMed:31088288). Interacts with GCNA (via SIM domains); this interaction allows the GCNA recruitment to DPCs sites (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitinated N-terminally by UBE2W, which primes it for RNF4-dependent polyubiquitination by the UBE2V1-UBE2N heterodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Polymeric chains can be formed through Lys-11 cross-linking. Polymeric SUMO2 chains undergo 'Lys-6'-, 'Lys-11'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF4 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or as a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Polymeric SUMO2 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins. Plays a role in the regulation of sumoylation status of SETX (By similarity).

10090:Hip1r
gene id: 10090:Hip1r
uniprot id: Q9JKY5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLA2 family.
messages: Binds F-actin via the talin-like I/LWEQ domain.
messages: Component of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles, that may link the endocytic machinery to the actin cytoskeleton. Binds 3-phosphoinositides (via ENTH domain). May act through the ENTH domain to promote cell survival by stabilizing receptor tyrosine kinases following ligand-induced endocytosis.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Hip1 and Hip1r double knockout mice are dwarfed, afflicted with severe vertebral defects and die in early adulthood.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:18790740). Interacts with actin; homodimerization promotes actin binding (PubMed:18790740). Interacts with CLTB (By similarity). Interacts with HIP1 (By similarity). Interacts (via ENTH and I/LWEQ domains) with BCL2L10 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at lower levels in skeletal muscle and heart. The level of expression does not change appreciably during development.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Slc25a40
gene id: 10090:Slc25a40
uniprot id: Q8BGP6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Cells lacking both Slc25a39 and Slc25a40 show defects in the activity and stability of proteins containing iron-sulfur clusters.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Probable mitochondrial transporter required for glutathione import into mitochondria. Glutathione, which plays key roles in oxidative metabolism, is produced exclusively in the cytosol and is imported in many organelles (By similarity). Mitochondrial glutathione is required for the activity and stability of proteins containing iron-sulfur clusters, as well as erythropoiesis (PubMed:34707288).

10090:Or52s1
gene id: 10090:Or52s1
uniprot id: Q8VF28
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pts
gene id: 10090:Pts
uniprot id: Q9R1Z7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PTPS family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9894812). Homohexamer formed of two homotrimers in a head to head fashion.
messages: Involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. Catalyzes the transformation of 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate into 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin.
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-18 is required for maximal enzyme activity.
messages: The active site is at the interface between 2 subunits. The proton acceptor Cys is on one subunit, and the charge relay system is on the other subunit.

10090:Gm20773
gene id: 10090:Gm20773
uniprot id: A0A0A6YXW2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Prdx3
gene id: 10090:Prdx3
uniprot id: P20108
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Accelerates decline of physical strength; at the age of 10 months, the physical strength is much lower than in the wild-type littermate (PubMed:27037278). Increased oxidative damage and decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number in skeletal muscles (PubMed:27037278). Increased apoptotic cells in the brain (PubMed:27037278).
messages: Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. AhpC/Prx1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expression is increased after induction of MEL cells to differentiation by DMSO.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked, upon oxidation. 6 homodimers assemble to form a ring-like dodecamer. Interacts with NEK6. Interacts with LRRK2. Interacts with MAP3K13 (By similarity). Interacts with RPS6KC1 (via PX domain).
messages: Housekeeping-type gene preferentially expressed in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylated by LRRK2; phosphorylation reduces perodixase activity.
messages: S-palmitoylated.
messages: The active site is a conserved redox-active cysteine residue, the peroxidatic cysteine (C(P)), which makes the nucleophilic attack on the peroxide substrate. The peroxide oxidizes the C(P)-SH to cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH), which then reacts with another cysteine residue, the resolving cysteine (C(R)), to form a disulfide bridge. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by an appropriate electron donor to complete the catalytic cycle. In this typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, C(R) is provided by the other dimeric subunit to form an intersubunit disulfide. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by thioredoxin.
messages: The enzyme can be inactivated by further oxidation of the cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH) to sulphinic acid (C(P)-SO2H) and sulphonic acid (C(P)-SO3H) instead of its condensation to a disulfide bond.
messages: Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides. Acts synergistically with MAP3K13 to regulate the activation of NF-kappa-B in the cytosol (By similarity). Required for the maintenance of physical strength (PubMed:27037278).

10090:Rasa3
gene id: 10090:Rasa3
uniprot id: Q60790
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: High levels in brain, lower in spleen and lung.
messages: Inhibitory regulator of the Ras-cyclic AMP pathway. May bind inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP4).

10090:Stfa2l1
gene id: 10090:Stfa2l1
uniprot id: Q8BWM3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.

10090:Susd1
gene id: 10090:Susd1
uniprot id: E9Q3H4
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Ankar
gene id: 10090:Ankar
uniprot id: A2RT91
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Grap2
gene id: 10090:Grap2
uniprot id: O89100
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GRB2/sem-5/DRK family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts with SLP-76 to regulate NF-AT activation. Binds to tyrosine-phosphorylated shc.
messages: Interacts with phosphorylated LAT and LAX1 upon TCR activation. Interacts with SHB. Interacts with PTPN23 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1 upon TCR activation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fnbp4
gene id: 10090:Fnbp4
uniprot id: Q6ZQ03
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Induction
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds FMN1. Interacts with the Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich regions of KHDRBS1/SAM68. Arginine methylation in these regions has no effect on this binding (By similarity).
messages: First detected at 9 dpc.
messages: These WW domains interact with Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich domains found in several WW domain-binding proteins (WBPs). The N-terminal WW domain has the greater ligand-binding ability (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Highest levels in spleen and thymus.
messages: Up-regulated by p53.

10090:Or5g23
gene id: 10090:Or5g23
uniprot id: Q7TR99
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tdpoz7
gene id: 10090:Tdpoz7
uniprot id: E0CYU8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.

10090:Rapgef4
gene id: 10090:Rapgef4
uniprot id: Q9EQZ6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in cerebellum, pituitary, adrenal gland and liver.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAP1A, RAP1B and RAP2A small GTPases that is activated by binding cAMP. Seems not to activate RAB3A. Involved in cAMP-dependent, PKA-independent exocytosis through interaction with RIMS2.
messages: Interacts with RAP1B, RIMS1 and RIMS2. Probably part of a complex with RIMS2 and GTP-activated RAB3A.
messages: Membrane
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 1.
messages: The DEP domain is involved in membrane localization independent from regulation by cAMP.
messages: The N-terminal nucleotide phosphate binding region cAMP 1 has a much lower affinity for cAMP as compared to cAMP 2.

10090:Klf12
gene id: 10090:Klf12
uniprot id: O35738
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Confers strong transcriptional repression to the AP-2-alpha gene. Binds to a regulatory element (A32) in the AP-2-alpha gene promoter.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF12, the motif is inactive.

10090:Nit1
gene id: 10090:Nit1
uniprot id: Q8VDK1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to Rosetta Stone theory, the existence of a fusion protein in one genome predicts that the separate polypeptides expressed in other organisms function in the same cellular or biochemical pathway. In Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, NitFhit is a fusion protein composed of a C-terminal Fhit domain and a domain related to plant and bacterial nitrilase.
messages: Belongs to the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase superfamily. NIT1/NIT2 family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the amide bond in N-(4-oxoglutarate)-L-cysteinylglycine (deaminated glutathione), a metabolite repair reaction to dispose of the harmful deaminated glutathione. Possesses amidase activity toward deaminated ophthalmate in vitro (PubMed:28373563). Plays a role in cell growth and apoptosis: loss of expression promotes cell growth, resistance to DNA damage stress and increased incidence to NMBA-induced tumors. Has tumor suppressor properties that enhances the apoptotic responsiveness in cancer cells; this effect is additive to the tumor suppressor activity of FHIT. It is also a negative regulator of primary T-cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in most tissues with higher expression in adult liver and kidney as well as in fetal adrenal gland and skeletal muscle.
messages: Mice are normal at birth as well as during growth. Mammary glands exhibit an increase in ductal and alveolar structures as well as more cyclin-D1 positive cells in mid-pregnancy. In the basal layer of epidermis, the number of cyclin-D1 positive cells is also higher. No lymphoid malignancy is observed. Kidney cells lacking Nit1 exhibit round and compact shapes, loss of lobular structure, higher cell density with increased S and G2/M cell populations. Cyclin D1 expression is increased, whereas differences in the other cell cycle-associated proteins appeared minimal. T-cells lacking NIT-1 display enhanced proliferation, elevated activation marker expression, accelerated cell cycle progression and aberrant expression of some cell cycle proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Tubb2a
gene id: 10090:Tubb2a
uniprot id: Q7TMM9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Part of a complex composed at least of ASH2L, EMSY, HCFC1, HSPA8, CCAR2, MATR3, MKI67, RBBP5, TUBB2A, WDR5 and ZNF335; this complex may have a histone H3-specific methyltransferase activity (By similarity). Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells. Interacts with ZNRF1.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Or2r3
gene id: 10090:Or2r3
uniprot id: Q8VGP5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm4922
gene id: 10090:Gm4922
uniprot id: Q8C0N0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Smok subfamily.
messages: May play a role in sperm motility, especially in the regulation of flagellar function.

10090:Slc39a4
gene id: 10090:Slc39a4
uniprot id: Q78IQ7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the small intestine and embryonic visceral yolk sac. Weakly expressed in the stomach and liver.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:30593504). Homodimerization is mediated by the transmembrane domain (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice die in utero during early development. Mice heterozygous for a null allele exhibit developmental defects similar to the teratology of zinc deficiency (PubMed:17483098). Slc39a4-intestine knockout mice reveal that total zinc is dramatically and rapidly decreased in these organs whereas iron, manganese, and copper slowly accumulated to high levels in the liver as the disease progressed. Defect in zinc uptake are followed by a switch from anabolic to catabolic metabolism in the mouse leading to dramatic weight loss, dyshomeostasis of several essential metals and ultimately lethality in the absence of excess dietary zinc (PubMed:22737083).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Selective transporter that mediates the uptake of Zn(2+) (PubMed:14709598, PubMed:14612438, PubMed:12801924). Plays an essential role for dietary zinc uptake from small intestine (PubMed:12801924). The Zn(2+) uniporter activity is regulated by zinc availability (By similarity). Exhibits also polyspecific binding and transport of Cu(2+), Cd(2+) and possibly Ni(2+) but at higher concentrations (PubMed:12801924).
messages: The extracellular N-terminal ectodomain is cleaved when cells are Zn(2+) deficient, N-terminally cleaved SLC39A4 is then internalized faster.
messages: The two metal binding sites M1 and M2 that are halfway through the membrane form a binuclear metal center. M1 is essential to Zn(2+) transport, while the other, M2 appears to have an auxiliary role presumably by acting as an additional transport site that can modulate the properties of the primary transport site. The binuclear metal center plays a key role in Zn(2+) sensing.
messages: Under excess Zn(2+) conditions, SLC39A4 on the cell surface is rapidly endocytosed, ubiquitinated, and degraded.
messages: Up-regulated under conditions of dietary zinc deficiency. Down-regulated under conditions of dietary zinc excess.

10090:Blcap
gene id: 10090:Blcap
uniprot id: P62951
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BLCAP family.
messages: May regulate cell proliferation and coordinate apoptosis and cell cycle progression via a novel mechanism independent of both p53/TP53 and NF-kappa-B.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcdhga2
gene id: 10090:Pcdhga2
uniprot id: Q91XY6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Fam135b
gene id: 10090:Fam135b
uniprot id: Q9DAI6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM135 family.

10090:Adamts14
gene id: 10090:Adamts14
uniprot id: B2RXX5
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Mtrex
gene id: 10090:Mtrex
uniprot id: Q9CZU3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated when MTREX is incorporated into NEXT complex an the nuclear RNA exosome complex.
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. SKI2 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent unwinding of RNA duplexes with a single-stranded 3' RNA extension. Central subunit of many protein complexes, namely TRAMP-like, nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) and poly(A) tail exosome targeting (PAXT). NEXT functions as an RNA exosome cofactor that directs a subset of non-coding short-lived RNAs for exosomal degradation. NEXT is involved in surveillance and turnover of aberrant transcripts and non-coding RNAs. PAXT directs a subset of long and polyadenylated poly(A) RNAs for exosomal degradation. The RNA exosome is fundamental for the degradation of RNA in eukaryotic nuclei. Substrate targeting is facilitated by its cofactor ZCCHC8, which links to RNA-binding protein adapters. Associated with the RNA exosome complex and involved in the 3'-processing of the 7S pre-RNA to the mature 5.8S rRNA. May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing. In the context of NEXT complex can also in vitro unwind DNA:RNA heteroduplexes with a 3' poly (A) RNA tracking strand. Can promote unwinding and degradation of structured RNA substrates when associated with the nuclear exosome and its cofactors. Can displace a DNA strand while translocating on RNA to ultimately degrade the RNA within a DNA/RNA heteroduplex (By similarity). Plays a role in DNA damage response (By similarity).
messages: Component of a TRAMP-like complex, an ATP-dependent exosome regulatory complex consisting of a helicase (MTREX), an oligadenylate polymerase (TENT4B or TENT4A), and a substrate specific RNA-binding factor (ZCCHC7 or ZCCHC8). Several TRAMP-like complexes exist with specific compositions and are associated with nuclear, or nucleolar RNA exosomes. Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Component of the poly(A) tail exosome targeting (PAXT) complex made of PABPN1, ZFC3H1 and MTREX that directs a subset of long and polyadenylated poly(A) RNAs for exosomal degradation. Component of the nuclear exosome targeting (NEXT) complex composed of MTREX, ZCCHC8, and RBM7 that directs a subset of non-coding short-lived RNAs for exosomal degradation. Interacts with ZCCHC8; this interaction bridges the interaction between RBM7 and MTREX. Binds to ZFC3H1 and RBM7 in a RNase-insensitive manner. Interacts with EXOSC10; the interaction mediates the association of MTREX with nuclear RNA exosomes. Interacts with isoform 1 of NVL in an ATP-dependent manner; the interaction is required to associate NVL with nuclear RNA exosome. Interacts with WDR74; the interaction dissociation in a late stage of rRNA synthesis is required for appropriate maturation of pre-60S particles and depends on the ATPase activity of NVL. Interacts with MPHOSPH6. Interacts with the RNA cap-binding complex proteins NCBP1 and SRRT. Interacts with NRDE2; the interaction is direct and negatively regulates MTREX function in exosomal degradation by changing its conformation precluding interaction with ZFC3H1, the RNA cap-binding complex proteins NCBP1 and SRRT, and association with the exosome. Interacts with the nuclear RNA exosome complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Bivm
gene id: 10090:Bivm
uniprot id: Q8CBX9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BIVM family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tmem82
gene id: 10090:Tmem82
uniprot id: Q8R115
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM82 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nudt6
gene id: 10090:Nudt6
uniprot id: A0A0R4J176
uniprot id: Q3ULU4
uniprot id: Q8CH40
uniprot id: Q8CH41
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer and homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: This protein is coded from a FGF2 (BFGF) gene antisense transcript.

10090:Ribc1
gene id: 10090:Ribc1
uniprot id: Q9D0B8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RIB43A family.

10090:Zfp329
gene id: 10090:Zfp329
uniprot id: Q6GQR8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Prl7a1
gene id: 10090:Prl7a1
uniprot id: O54830
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Expressed specifically in the placenta. Detected only in the trophoblast giant cells.
messages: Highest expression at mid-pregnancy.
messages: Secreted

10090:Krtap19-4
gene id: 10090:Krtap19-4
uniprot id: Q925H7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 19 family.
messages: Expression in skin and hair follicle is regulated by HOXC13 and by GATA3.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.
messages: Strong expression in narrowly defined pattern restricted to the lower and middle cortical regions of the hair shaft in both developing and cycling hair. During hair follicle regression (catagen), expression levels decrease until expression is no longer detectable in follicles at resting stage (telogen).

10090:Rnasek
gene id: 10090:Rnasek
uniprot id: Q8K3C0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase K family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Endoribonuclease which preferentially cleaves ApU and ApG phosphodiester bonds. Hydrolyzes UpU bonds at a lower rate (By similarity). Regulates the activity of vacuolar (H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) which is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments (By similarity). Required at an early stage of receptor-mediated endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the proton translocation complex V0 of the V-ATPase (By similarity). Interacts with ATP6AP1 (By similarity).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Nmrk2
gene id: 10090:Nmrk2
uniprot id: Q9D7C9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the uridine kinase family. NRK subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinic acid riboside (NaR) to form nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN). Reduces laminin matrix deposition and cell adhesion to laminin, but not to fibronectin. Involved in the regulation of PXN at the protein level and of PXN tyrosine phosphorylation. May play a role in the regulation of terminal myogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Down-regulated during myoblast differentiation.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with ITGB1 alone or when associated with alpha-7, but not with alpha-5.

10090:Cpa4
gene id: 10090:Cpa4
uniprot id: Q6P8K8
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Interacts with LXN.
messages: Metalloprotease that could be involved in the histone hyperacetylation pathway. Releases a C-terminal amino acid, with preference for -Phe, -Leu, -Ile, -Met, -Tyr and -Val.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gtf2e1
gene id: 10090:Gtf2e1
uniprot id: Q9D0D5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIE alpha subunit family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase.
messages: Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains. Interacts with TAF6/TAFII80. Interacts with ATF7IP. Interacts with SND1.

10090:Qng1
gene id: 10090:Qng1
uniprot id: G3X8U3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the QNG1 protein family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of queuosine 5'-phosphate, releasing the nucleobase queuine (q). Is required for salvage of queuine from exogenous queuosine (Q) that is imported and then converted to queuosine 5'-phosphate intracellularly.
messages: Eukaryotes lack the canonical genes for de novo biosynthesis of queuosine (Q), present in most bacteria. Therefore, this molecule must be sourced from ingested food and/or the gut microbiota, and metabolized to its corresponding nucleobase, queuine (q), before incorporation into cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Incorporation of q into the anticodon of some tRNAs contributes to translational efficiency and accuracy.
messages: Highly expressed in liver.

10090:Ssh2
gene id: 10090:Ssh2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J2A0
uniprot id: Q5SW75
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family.
messages: Complete male infertility but no effect on body weight or testis weight and size (PubMed:36942942). Impaired spermatogenesis devoid of spermatid elongation (arrested at stage II-III), resulting in accumulation of round spermatids with malformed acrosomal structures (PubMed:36942942). Spermatids and germ cells show increased levels of apoptosis via BCL2-caspase-3 pathway (PubMed:36942942). Actin cytoskeleton disorganization and actin filament aggregation in spermatids and germ cells, along with increased levels of cofilin phosphorylation (PubMed:36942942).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, liver, skeletal muscle, testis and thymus. Also expressed at lower levels in kidney, small intestine and spleen (PubMed:14531860). Within testicular seminiferous tubules expressed in germ cells and spermatocytes, where it has a cytoplasmic localization, and round spermatids, where it concentrates in the acrosomal region next to the nucleus (PubMed:36942942).
messages: Expressed in the nervous system at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:14531860). Undetectable in testes at 7 days after birth (PubMed:36942942). Gradually increased expression between 14 and 35 days after birth followed by slightly decreased expression by 56 days after birth (at protein level) (PubMed:36942942).
messages: Interacts with filamentous actin.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Protein phosphatase which regulates actin filament dynamics. Dephosphorylates and activates the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, which subsequently binds to actin filaments and stimulates their disassembly. Inhibitory phosphorylation of cofilin is mediated by LIMK1, which may also be dephosphorylated and inactivated by this protein (PubMed:14531860). Required for spermatogenesis (PubMed:36942942). Involved in acrosome biogenesis, probably by regulating cofilin-mediated actin cytoskeleton remodeling during proacrosomal vesicle fusion and/or Golgi to perinuclear vesicle trafficking (PubMed:36942942).
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase activity has not been demonstrated for this protein to date.
messages: acrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Ndufa2
gene id: 10090:Ndufa2
uniprot id: Q9CQ75
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Acetylation of Lys-64 and Lys-75 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA2 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Aven
gene id: 10090:Aven
uniprot id: Q9D9K3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds Apaf-1, BCL-2 and BAD (Bcl-xl).
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Protects against apoptosis mediated by Apaf-1.

10090:Lonp1
gene id: 10090:Lonp1
uniprot id: Q8CGK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. Endogenous substrates include mitochondrial steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) protein, DELE1, helicase Twinkle (TWNK) and the large ribosomal subunit protein MRPL32/bL32m. MRPL32/bL32m is protected from degradation by LONP1 when it is bound to a nucleic acid (RNA), but TWNK is not. May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes. Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. Binds to mitochondrial promoters and RNA in a single-stranded, site-specific, and strand-specific manner. May regulate mitochondrial DNA replication and/or gene expression using site-specific, single-stranded DNA binding to target the degradation of regulatory proteins binding to adjacent sites in mitochondrial promoters.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S16 family.
messages: Detected in liver > heart > kidney > testis.
messages: Homohexamer. Organized in a ring with a central cavity. The ATP-binding and proteolytic domains (AP-domain) form a hexameric chamber, while the N-terminal domain is arranged as a trimer of dimers. DNA and RNA binding is stimulated by substrate and inhibited by ATP binding. Interacts with TWNK and mitochondrial DNA polymerase subunit POLG.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Prelid3a
gene id: 10090:Prelid3a
uniprot id: Q8VE85
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the slowmo family.
messages: In vitro, the TRIAP1:PRELID3A complex mediates the transfer of phosphatidic acid (PA) between liposomes and probably functions as a PA transporter across the mitochondrion intermembrane space. Phosphatidic acid import is required for cardiolipin (CL) synthesis in the mitochondrial inner membrane.
messages: Interacts with TRIAP1.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Wbp4
gene id: 10090:Wbp4
uniprot id: Q61048
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the spliceosome B complex (PubMed:9724750). Associated with U2 snRNPs. Binds splicing factors SNRPB, SNRPC and SF1 (PubMed:9724750). Interacts via the WW domains with the Pro-rich domains of KHDRBS1/SAM68 (PubMed:10748127). Interacts via the WW domains with the Pro-rich domains of WBP11 (By similarity). Interacts with SNRNP200 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the spliceosome. May play a role in cross-intron bridging of U1 and U2 snRNPs in the mammalian A complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The WW domain recognizes the proline, glycine and methionine-rich (PGM) motif present in the splicing factors, as well as the Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich domains found in several WW domain-binding proteins.

10090:Notch4
gene id: 10090:Notch4
uniprot id: P31695
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NOTCH family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin.
messages: Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May regulate branching morphogenesis in the developing vascular system.
messages: Heterodimer of a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC) which are probably linked by disulfide bonds. Interacts with MAML1, MAML2 and MAML3 which act as transcriptional coactivators for NOTCH4.
messages: Highly expressed in endothelial cells during embryonic development from 9.0 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in lung, moderately in heart kidney, and at lower levels in the ovary and skeletal muscle. A very low expression is seen in the brain, intestine, liver and testis.
messages: Loss of the extracellular domain causes constitutive activation of the Notch protein, which leads to hyperproliferation of glandular epithelial tissues and development of mammary carcinomas.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as an inactive form which is proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active, ligand-accessible form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC). Following ligand binding, it is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to yield a membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT). This fragment is then cleaved by presenilin dependent gamma-secretase to release a notch-derived peptide containing the intracellular domain (NICD) from the membrane.

10090:Ptpa
gene id: 10090:Ptpa
uniprot id: P58389
uniprot id: Q543N6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with PP2A heterodimeric core enzyme PP2A(D), composed of a 36 kDa catalytic subunit (subunit C) and a 65 kDa constant regulatory subunit (PR65 or subunit A) (By similarity). Interacts with PPP2CB (PubMed:12952889).
messages: Belongs to the PTPA-type PPIase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Acts as a regulatory subunit for serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) modulating its activity or substrate specificity, probably by inducing a conformational change in the catalytic subunit, a proposed direct target of the PPIase. Can reactivate inactive phosphatase PP2A-phosphatase methylesterase complexes (PP2A(i)) in presence of ATP and Mg(2+). Reversibly stimulates the variable phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity of PP2A core heterodimer PP2A(D) in presence of ATP and Mg(2+) (in vitro). The phosphotyrosyl phosphatase activity is dependent of an ATPase activity of the PP2A(D):PPP2R4 complex. Is involved in apoptosis; the function appears to be independent from PP2A (By similarity).

10090:C030006K11Rik
gene id: 10090:C030006K11Rik
uniprot id: Q8VE95
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0598 family.

10090:Brk1
gene id: 10090:Brk1
uniprot id: Q91VR8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BRK1 family.
messages: Homotrimer when in free form. Directly interacts with WASF2. Component of the WAVE1 complex composed of ABI2, CYFIP1 or CYFIP2, BRK1, NCKAP1 and WASF1/WAVE1. Within the complex, a heterodimer containing NCKAP1 and CYFIP1 interacts with a heterotrimer formed by WAVE1, ABI2 and BRK1 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in regulation of actin and microtubule organization. Part of a WAVE complex that activates the Arp2/3 complex (By similarity). As component of the WAVE1 complex, required for BDNF-NTRK2 endocytic trafficking and signaling from early endosomes (PubMed:27605705).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Hmg20a
gene id: 10090:Hmg20a
uniprot id: Q9DC33
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 16.5 dpc in the outer cortex of the developing brain.
messages: Expressed in brain. Detected in mature neurons.
messages: Interacts with DTNB.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in neuronal differentiation as chromatin-associated protein. Acts as inhibitor of HMG20B. Overcomes the repressive effects of the neuronal silencer REST and induces the activation of neuronal-specific genes. Involved in the recruitment of the histone methyltransferase KMT2A/MLL1 and consequent increased methylation of histone H3 lysine 4.

10090:Spata45
gene id: 10090:Spata45
uniprot id: Q9CVW4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPATA45 family.

10090:Slc6a7
gene id: 10090:Slc6a7
uniprot id: Q6PGE7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A7 subfamily.
messages: Brain specific sodium (and chloride)-dependent proline transporter. Terminates the action of proline by its high affinity sodium-dependent reuptake into presynaptic terminals.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Eno2
gene id: 10090:Eno2
uniprot id: D3Z6E4
uniprot id: P17183
uniprot id: Q545V3
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the enolase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells.
messages: Has neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties on a broad spectrum of central nervous system (CNS) neurons. Binds, in a calcium-dependent manner, to cultured neocortical neurons and promotes cell survival (By similarity).
messages: Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific.
messages: Mg(2+) is required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.
messages: Skeletal muscle (at protein level). The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons.

10090:Lat2
gene id: 10090:Lat2
uniprot id: Q9JHL0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Hardly expressed in pro-B and pre-B cells. Moderately expressed in immature B-cells, mature B-cells and plasma cells. Highly expressed in transitional B-cells.
messages: Involved in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. May also be involved in BCR (B-cell antigen receptor)-mediated signaling in B-cells and FCGR1 (high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I)-mediated signaling in myeloid cells. Couples activation of these receptors and their associated kinases with distal intracellular events through the recruitment of GRB2.
messages: Mice exhibit normal T-cell, B-cell and mast cell development and normal humoral response, but have hyperresponsive mast cells.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosines following cross-linking of BCR in B-cells, high affinity IgG receptor (FCGR1) in myeloid cells, or high affinity IgE receptor (FCER1) in mast cells; which induces the recruitment of GRB2.
messages: Strongly expressed in testis. Expressed in heart, spleen and lung. Present in B-cells and mast cells (at protein level).
messages: When phosphorylated, interacts with GRB2. May also interact with SOS1, GAB1 and CBL.

10090:Ctxn2
gene id: 10090:Ctxn2
uniprot id: Q3URE8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cortexin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r91
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r91
uniprot id: E9PZR7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Or5d37
gene id: 10090:Or5d37
uniprot id: A2AVT5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lamp3
gene id: 10090:Lamp3
uniprot id: Q7TST5
uniprot id: Q8BZW9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LAMP family.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lysosomal membrane glycoprotein which plays a role in the unfolded protein response (UPR) that contributes to protein degradation and cell survival during proteasomal dysfunction. Plays a role in the process of fusion of the lysosome with the autophagosome, thereby modulating the autophagic process. Promotes hepatocellular lipogenesis through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. May also play a role in dendritic cell function and in adaptive immunity.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Interacts with FURIN.

10090:Psmf1
gene id: 10090:Psmf1
uniprot id: A0A1S6GWI1
uniprot id: A2AU35
uniprot id: Q8BHL8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the proteasome inhibitor PI31 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with FBXO7 (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in control of proteasome function. Inhibits the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates by the 20S proteasome. Also inhibits the activation of the proteasome by the proteasome regulatory proteins PA700 and PA28 (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in control of proteasome function. Inhibits the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates by the 20S proteasome. Also inhibits the activation of the proteasome by the proteasome regulatory proteins PA700 and PA28.

10090:Tent2
gene id: 10090:Tent2
uniprot id: Q91YI6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family. GLD2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic poly(A) RNA polymerase that adds successive AMP monomers to the 3'-end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail. In contrast to the canonical nuclear poly(A) RNA polymerase, it only adds poly(A) to selected cytoplasmic mRNAs. Does not play a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Adds a single nucleotide to the 3' end of specific miRNAs, monoadenylation stabilizes and prolongs the activity of some but not all miRNAs.
messages: Expressed in oocytes from metaphase I to metaphase II during oocyte maturation.
messages: Interacts with CPEB1, CPEB2, CPSF1 and PABPC1 (PubMed:17927953). Interacts with QKI isoform QKI7; promoting recruitment to miRNA miR-122 and miR-122 stabilization (By similarity).
messages: Mice are normal and healthy. Poly-A tail elongation in oocytes is not affected and mice are fertile.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous. In brain, it is highly expressed in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus and olfactory bulb.

10090:Slc16a9
gene id: 10090:Slc16a9
uniprot id: Q7TM99
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Extracellular pH-and Na(+)-sensitive low-affinity creatine transporter. Functions also as a pH-independent carnitine efflux transporter.

10090:Tcf3
gene id: 10090:Tcf3
uniprot id: P15806
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expressed during the development of the nervous system.
messages: Facilitates ATOH7 binding to DNA at the consensus sequence 5'-CAGGTG-3', and positively regulates transcriptional activity.
messages: Forms a heterodimer with ATOH7; required for ATOH7 DNA-binding.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:12196028). Heterodimer; efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (PubMed:15226298). Forms a heterodimer with TWIST1 and TWIST2 (PubMed:7589808, PubMed:23395635). Forms a heterodimer with NEUROD1; the heterodimer is inhibited in presence of ID2, but not NR0B2, to E-box element (PubMed:23395635, PubMed:18069799). Forms a heterodimer with TCF15; the heterodimer binds E-box element (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:23395635). Forms a heterodimer with MYOG; heterodimerization enhances MYOG DNA-binding and transcriptional activities (PubMed:12196028). Forms a heterodimer with ATOH8; repress transcription of TCF3 and TCF3-NEUROG3 dimer-induced transactivation of E box-dependent promoters (PubMed:23938248). Component of a nuclear TAL-1 complex composed at least of CBFA2T3, LDB1, TAL1 and TCF3 (PubMed:16407974). Interacts with NEUROD2 (PubMed:18214987). Interacts with EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with PTF1A, TGFB1I1 and UBE2I (PubMed:9409784, PubMed:11318877, PubMed:16291758). Interacts with BHLHA9 (By similarity). Interacts with ASB2; the interaction is mediated by SKP2 and targets TCF3 for Notch-induced proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Interacts with transcription factor ASCL5/AmeloD.
messages: Interacts with RALGAPA1 (PubMed:12200424). Interacts with FIGLA (By similarity).
messages: Mice are smaller than their wild-type littermates and fail to thrive 14 days after birth.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated following NGF stimulation.
messages: Transcriptional regulator involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation and mesenchymal to epithelial transition (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:18214987). Heterodimers between TCF3 and tissue-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins play major roles in determining tissue-specific cell fate during embryogenesis, like muscle or early B-cell differentiation (PubMed:18214987). Together with TCF15, required for the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (PubMed:11309385, PubMed:15226298). Dimers bind DNA on E-box motifs: 5'-CANNTG-3' (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:18214987, PubMed:30426815). Binds to the kappa-E2 site in the kappa immunoglobulin gene enhancer (By similarity). Binds to IEB1 and IEB2, which are short DNA sequences in the insulin gene transcription control region (PubMed:2181401).
messages: Undergoes Notch-induced ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation which is mediated by ASB1 or ASB2, the substrate-recognition components of probable ECS E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Nemp1
gene id: 10090:Nemp1
uniprot id: Q6ZQE4
uniprot id: Q8K2N3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NEMP family.
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with RAN-GTP (PubMed:25946333). Interacts with EMD (By similarity).
messages: In the ovary, expression is strongest in primordial follicle oocytes and rapidly declines as oocytes mature and move from the cortex (at protein level).
messages: Mutants are viable and generally healthy although anemic (PubMed:32923640). Most females are sterile or severely subfertile while males are fertile (PubMed:32923640). Marked reduction in the number of primordial follicles, indicating a reduced ovarian reserve, and oocytes have reduced nuclear envelope stiffness (PubMed:32923640).
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may regulate its interaction with RAN-GTP.
messages: The transmembrane domains are required and sufficient for its oligomerization.
messages: Together with EMD, contributes to nuclear envelope stiffness in germ cells (PubMed:32923640). Required for female fertility (PubMed:32923640).

10090:Zap70
gene id: 10090:Zap70
uniprot id: P43404
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-492 in the activation loop.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SYK/ZAP-70 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Composed of 2 N-terminal SH2 domains and a C-terminal kinase domain. The tandem SH2 domains bind to the doubly phosphorylated tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) of CD247/CD3Z and the non-canonical phosphorylated tyrosine-based activation motif (TAM) of RHOH (By similarity). The interdomain B located between the second SH2 and the kinase domain has been implicated in binding to other signaling molecules including CBL or VAV1. Thus, ZAP70 can also function as a scaffold by recruiting additional factors to the stimulated TCR complex (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CD247/CD3Z; this interaction docks ZAP70 at the stimulated TCR (By similarity). Interacts with NFAM1 (PubMed:15143214). Interacts with adapter protein SLA; this interaction negatively regulates T-cell receptor signaling (PubMed:10662792). Interacts with VAV1 (By similarity). Interacts with CBL; this interaction promotes ubiquitination, internalization and subsequent degradation of CD247/CD3Z (By similarity). Identified in a complex with CBL and UBE2L3 (By similarity). Interacts with SHB (By similarity). Interacts with adapter protein SLA2; this interaction negatively regulates T-cell receptor signaling (PubMed:11891219). Interacts with CBLB (PubMed:10646608). Interacts (via SH2 domains) with RHOH; this interaction regulates ZAP70 subcellular localization (PubMed:17028588). Interacts with DEF6 (PubMed:12648457). Interacts (ubiquitinated form) with OTUD7B and UBASH3B (PubMed:26903241).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in thymus, spleen and lymph nodes.
messages: Isoform 2 is expressed in developing thymocytes from the CD44+CD25- stage up to mature T-cells. Isoform 1 is not expressed in thymocytes at the CD44+CD25- or CD44+CD25+ stages.
messages: Mice lack both CD4 and CD8 positive mature T-lymphocytes. Displays a complete block in B-Cell development at the pro-B cell stage in the absence of both SYK and ZAP70.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) stimulation. Phosphorylation of Tyr-314 and Tyr-314 are essential for ZAP70 positive function on T-lymphocyte activation whereas Tyr-290 has a negative regulatory role. Within the C-terminal kinase domain, Tyr-491 and Tyr-492 are phosphorylated after TCR induction, Tyr-491 playing a negative regulatory role and Tyr-492 a positive. Tyr-492 is dephosphorylated by PTN22.
messages: Tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulation of the adaptive immune response. Regulates motility, adhesion and cytokine expression of mature T-cells, as well as thymocyte development. Contributes also to the development and activation of primary B-lymphocytes. When antigen presenting cells (APC) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), a serie of phosphorylations lead to the recruitment of ZAP70 to the doubly phosphorylated TCR component CD3Z through ITAM motif at the plasma membrane. This recruitment serves to localization to the stimulated TCR and to relieve its autoinhibited conformation. Release of ZAP70 active conformation is further stabilized by phosphorylation mediated by LCK. Subsequently, ZAP70 phosphorylates at least 2 essential adapter proteins: LAT and LCP2. In turn, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited and ultimately lead to lymphokine production, T-cell proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, ZAP70 controls cytoskeleton modifications, adhesion and mobility of T-lymphocytes, thus ensuring correct delivery of effectors to the APC. ZAP70 is also required for TCR-CD3Z internalization and degradation through interaction with the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CBL and adapter proteins SLA and SLA2. Thus, ZAP70 regulates both T-cell activation switch on and switch off by modulating TCR expression at the T-cell surface. During thymocyte development, ZAP70 promotes survival and cell-cycle progression of developing thymocytes before positive selection (when cells are still CD4/CD8 double negative). Additionally, ZAP70-dependent signaling pathway may also contribute to primary B-cells formation and activation through B-cell receptor (BCR).
messages: Ubiquitinated in response to T cell activation. Deubiquitinated by OTUD7B.

10090:Colq
gene id: 10090:Colq
uniprot id: O35348
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Anchors the catalytic subunits of asymmetric AChE to the synaptic basal lamina.
messages: Belongs to the COLQ family.
messages: Homotrimer. Component of the asymmetric form of AChE, a disulfide-bonded oligomer composed of the collagenic subunits (Q) and a variable number of asymmetric catalytic subunits (T). The N-terminal of a collagenic subunit (Q) associates with the C-terminal of a catalytic subunit (T) (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: The proline-rich attachment domain (PRAD) binds the AChE catalytic subunits.
messages: The triple-helical tail is stabilized by disulfide bonds at each end.

10090:Crtac1
gene id: 10090:Crtac1
uniprot id: Q8R555
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:F13a1
gene id: 10090:F13a1
uniprot id: Q3V3W7
uniprot id: Q8BH61
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the transglutaminase superfamily. Transglutaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Factor XIII is activated by thrombin and calcium ion to a transglutaminase that catalyzes the formation of gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine cross-links between fibrin chains, thus stabilizing the fibrin clot. Also cross-link alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor, or fibronectin, to the alpha chains of fibrin.
messages: Secreted
messages: Tetramer of two A chains (F13A1) and two B (F13B) chains.
messages: The activation peptide is released by thrombin.

10090:Bdkrb1
gene id: 10090:Bdkrb1
uniprot id: Q0VBD7
uniprot id: Q61125
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Bradykinin receptor subfamily. BDKRB1 sub-subfamily.
messages: By lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in heart, liver and lung five hours after treatment.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in heart, liver and lung.
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for bradykinin. Could be a factor in chronic pain and inflammation.

10090:Sytl2
gene id: 10090:Sytl2
uniprot id: Q99N50
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, lung, kidney, testis and in embryos after day 7. Detected at lower levels in skeletal muscle. Expressed in pancreatic alpha cells. Isoform 6 is highly expressed in brain, but not detectable in the other tissues tested. Isoform 1 is expressed abundantly in the stomach and is predominantly localized at the apical region of gastric-surface mucus cells. Isoform 11 is expressed in cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL).
messages: Isoform 1 is highly susceptible to proteolytic degradation and is stabilized by the interaction with RAB27A.
messages: Isoform 11 acts as a RAB27A effector protein and plays a role in cytotoxic granule exocytosis in lymphocytes. Required for cytotoxic granule docking at the immunologic synapse. Isoform 1 may play a role in melanosome transport and vesicle trafficking. It controls melanosome distribution in the cell periphery and regulates melanocyte morphology. Isoform 1 acts as a positive mediator of mucus secretion by the surface mucus cells of the stomach. Mediates basal mucus secretion by gastric surface cells by promoting the proper granule biognesis and docking of mucus granules with the apical plasma membrane.
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Mice show a reduced number of mucus granules, a deficiency of granule docking with the apical plasma membrane in the gastric-surface mucus cells and reduction of mucus secretion by gastric primary cells.
messages: Monomer. Binds NRXN1. Binds RAB27A that has been activated by GTP-binding. Interacts with RAB27B.
messages: The C2 1 domain mediates localization to the cell membrane.
messages: The RabBD domain mediates interaction with RAB27A.

10090:Bicc1
gene id: 10090:Bicc1
uniprot id: G3X8S6
uniprot id: Q99MQ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BicC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the adult, predominantly expressed in heart and kidney. In 8 week old mice, expressed in growing primary oocytes and in the stromal cells of the theca.
messages: In the developing embryo, first detected at the rostral tip of the primitive streak, Hensen's node, at the late streak stage. At the late headfold stage, expression demarcates the layer of the node from which definitive endoderm and midline mesoderm arises. At 6-8 somite stage observed in the definitive endoderm. Strong expression is detected in the caudal intestinal portal. At 12-15 somite stage is still present in the hindgut, but transient expression is also seen in tissues of neural and mesodermal origins. At 13 dpc present around all sites of cartilage formation, such as cervical vertebral bodies, ribs and Merckel's cartilage. Additionally, expressed in the derivatives of the pleuroperitoneal membrane, the diaphragm and the pericardium, as well as the mesenchyme of the developing lung. Expressed in both the mesonephros and metanephros.
messages: Interacts (via KH domains) with ANKS6 (via SAM domain) in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with ANKS3 (PubMed:25671767).
messages: Putative RNA-binding protein. May be involved in regulating gene expression during embryonic development.

10090:Htr6
gene id: 10090:Htr6
uniprot id: Q14AW8
uniprot id: Q9R1C8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with CDK5 (PubMed:25078650). Interacts with MTOR (PubMed:23027611). Interacts with RPTOR and NF1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that function as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. It has a high affinity for tricyclic psychotropic drugs (By similarity). Controls pyramidal neurons migration during corticogenesis, through the regulation of CDK5 activity (PubMed:25078650). Is an activator of TOR signaling (PubMed:23027611).

10090:Gstm3
gene id: 10090:Gstm3
uniprot id: P19639
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Slc26a2
gene id: 10090:Slc26a2
uniprot id: Q62273
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Distributed mainly in the thymus, testis and osteoblastic cells (PubMed:9370300). Highly expressed in the bone, cartilage, kidney and colon (PubMed:24302720).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Sulfate transporter which mediates sulfate uptake into chondrocytes in order to maintain adequate sulfation of proteoglycans which is needed for cartilage development (PubMed:24302720). Mediates electroneutral anion exchange of sulfate ions for oxalate ions, sulfate and oxalate ions for chloride and/or hydroxyl ions and chloride ions for bromide, iodide and nitrate ions (PubMed:20219950, PubMed:22190686, PubMed:24302720). The coupling of sulfate transport to both hydroxyl and chloride ions likely serves to ensure transport at both acidic pH when most sulfate uptake is mediated by sulfate-hydroxide exchange and alkaline pH when most sulfate uptake is mediated by sulfate-chloride exchange (PubMed:22190686). Essential for chondrocyte proliferation, differentiation and cell size expansion (PubMed:24302720).

10090:Scgb1b30
gene id: 10090:Scgb1b30
uniprot id: A2BH64
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Abcg2
gene id: 10090:Abcg2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B6
uniprot id: Q7TMS5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily.
messages: Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells (PubMed:10485464, PubMed:12477054, PubMed:12429862, PubMed:17145775, PubMed:30042379). Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme (PubMed:12429862, PubMed:15044468). Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells (By similarity). Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion (By similarity). In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (PubMed:30042379). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates (By similarity). Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (PubMed:17145775). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (PubMed:12429862). Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (PubMed:10485464). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux (PubMed:12477054). In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (PubMed:12429862). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (Probable).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in kidney. Lower expression in liver, colon, heart, spleen, and placenta (PubMed:11036110). Expressed in mammary gland (PubMed:17145775). Expressed in intestinal villi and renal proximal tubules, hepatic bile canalicular membranes, and placental labyrinth cells (at protein level) (PubMed:12429862).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. The minimal functional unit is a homodimer, but the major oligomeric form in plasma membrane is a homotetramer with possibility of higher order oligomerization up to homododecamers.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Abcg2 are born at the expected Mendelian ratio and do not display overt phenotype (PubMed:12429862). However, under specific housing conditions, they show phototoxic skin lesions induced by pheophorbide a, a porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll found in their diet, that accumulates in mice plasma (PubMed:12429862). They also accumulate a red substance in their bile and display protoporphyria with an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) in erythrocytes (PubMed:12429862). Mice lacking Abcg2 present decreased elimination of some uremic toxins like indoxyl sulfate leading to their accumulation in plasma (PubMed:30042379). They also show reduced survival rate upon adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (PubMed:30042379).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. Glycosylation-deficient ABCG2 is normally expressed and functional.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may regulate the localization to the plasma membrane, the homooligomerization and therefore, the activity of the transporter.
messages: Specifically inhibited by the fungal toxin fumitremorgin C and Ko143.
messages: The extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) is involved in binding porphyrins and transfer them to other carriers, probably albumin.
messages: Up-regulated upon hypoxia.

10090:Zbtb18
gene id: 10090:Zbtb18
uniprot id: Q9WUK6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. ZBTB18 subfamily.
messages: Death shortly after birth. Brain of mutant mice display dysplasia of the neocortex and of the hippocampus, reduction of the number of mature cortical neurons and defects of laminar organization. In the cortex, an impaired cell-division patterning during the late embryonic stage and an enhancement of apoptosis of the postmitotic neurons are observed.
messages: In the developing brain, expression is detected at embryonic day (E) 10 in the neuroepithelium, and subsequently in the ventricular zones of the cerebral cortex in the 12 dpc embryo. Strong expression is observed in the preplate in the cerebral cortex from this stage onward. High levels of expression continue to be detected in the cortical plate and subventricular zone of the neocortex, hippocampus, and parts of the amygdala, but not in the thalamus or striatum. In the developing cerebral cortex, it is expressed both in postmitotic glutamatergic projection neurons and in their progenitor cells, but not in GABAergic interneurons. Also expressed in the adult neocortex, hippocampus, parts of the amygdala and granule cells in the cerebellum.
messages: Interacts with DNMT3A.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor that plays a role in various developmental processes such as myogenesis and brain development. Specifically binds the consensus DNA sequence 5'-[AC]ACATCTG[GT][AC]-3' which contains the E box core, and acts by recruiting chromatin remodeling multiprotein complexes. Plays a key role in myogenesis by directly repressing the expression of ID2 and ID3, 2 inhibitors of skeletal myogenesis. Also involved in controlling cell division of progenitor cells and regulating the survival of postmitotic cortical neurons. May also play a role in the organization of chromosomes in the nucleus.

10090:Sh2d5
gene id: 10090:Sh2d5
uniprot id: Q8JZW5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highly expressed in brain, particularly in Purkinjie cells in the cerebellum and the cornu ammonis of the hippocampus.
messages: Interacts with BCR.
messages: May be involved in synaptic plasticity regulation through the control of Rac-GTP levels.
messages: Postsynaptic density

10090:Atoh1
gene id: 10090:Atoh1
uniprot id: P48985
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Developing nervous system, and in adult epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: First detected in the cranial ganglions and the dorsal part of the central nervous system on 9.5 dpc (PubMed:7721778). From 10.5 dpc onward, prominently expressed in the dorsal part of the central nervous system but becomes restricted to the external granular layer of the cerebellum by 18 dpc and is undetectable in the adult nervous system (PubMed:7721778). Expressed in the cochlear nucleus at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:17977745).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator. Activates E box-dependent transcription in collaboration with TCF3/E47, but the activity is completely antagonized by the negative regulator of neurogenesis HES1. Plays a role in the differentiation of subsets of neural cells by activating E box-dependent transcription.

10090:Atp6v0e
gene id: 10090:Atp6v0e
uniprot id: Q9CQD8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the V-ATPase e1/e2 subunit family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Subunit of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity).
messages: V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex (By similarity). The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H (By similarity). The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and the accessory subunits ATP6AP1/Ac45 and ATP6AP2/PRR (By similarity).

10090:H1f0
gene id: 10090:H1f0
uniprot id: P10922
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: ADP-ribosylated on Ser-104 in response to DNA damage.
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structures. The histones H1.0 are found in cells that are in terminal stages of differentiation or that have low rates of cell division.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn1r85
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r85
uniprot id: Q8VIB8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppp1r16a
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r16a
uniprot id: Q923M0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds PP1.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in testis, followed by liver, heart, brain and lung.
messages: Inhibits protein phosphatase 1 activity toward phosphorylase, myosin light chain and myosin substrates.

10090:Ces1f
gene id: 10090:Ces1f
uniprot id: Q91WU0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in liver, white and brown adipose tissue, kidney, intestine, adrenal, heart and ovary. Not detected in muscle, lung, testis, brain and spleen.
messages: Induced by fasting and repressed by refeeding.
messages: Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes retinyl esters (By similarity). Hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl butyrate (PNPB), triacylglycerol and monoacylglycerol. Shows higher activity against PNPB, a short-chain fatty acid ester, than against triolein, a long-chain fatty acid ester. Shows no detectable activity against diacylglycerol, cholesterol ester or phospholipids. May play a role in adipocyte lipolysis.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Microsome
messages: cytosol

10090:Cdc42se2
gene id: 10090:Cdc42se2
uniprot id: Q8BGH7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CDC42SE/SPEC family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in spleen, thymus and lung (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CDC42 (in GTP-bound form). Interacts weakly with RAC1 and not at all with RHOA (By similarity).
messages: Probably involved in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton by acting downstream of CDC42, inducing actin filament assembly. Alters CDC42-induced cell shape changes. In activated T-cells, may play a role in CDC42-mediated F-actin accumulation at the immunological synapse. May play a role in early contractile events in phagocytosis in macrophages (By similarity).
messages: The CRIB domain mediates interaction with CDC42.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: phagocytic cup

10090:Usp18
gene id: 10090:Usp18
uniprot id: Q9WTV6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Interacts with STAT2; the interaction is direct. Interacts with IFNAR2; indirectly via STAT2, it negatively regulates the assembly of the ternary interferon-IFNAR1-IFNAR2 complex and inhibits type I interferon signaling. Interacts with STING1. Interacts with USP20.
messages: Interferon-induced ISG15-specific protease that plays a crucial role for maintaining a proper balance of ISG15-conjugated proteins in cells (PubMed:11788588). Regulates protein ISGylation by efficiently cleaving ISG15 conjugates linked via isopeptide bonds. Regulates T-cell activation and T-helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation by deubiquitinating TAK1, likely to keep TAK1-TAB complexes in steady conditions. In turn, restricts activation of NF-kappa-B, NFAT, and JNK as well as expression of IL2 in T-cells after TCR activation. Acts as a molecular adapter with USP20 to promote innate antiviral response through deubiquitinating STING1. Involved also in the negative regulation of the inflammatory response triggered by type I interferon. Upon recruitment by STAT2 to the type I interferon receptor subunit IFNAR2 interferes with the assembly of the ternary interferon-IFNAR1-IFNAR2 complex and acts as a negative regulator of the type I interferon signaling pathway.
messages: USP18-deletion mice display increased levels of intracellular ISG15 conjugates.

10090:Ecpas
gene id: 10090:Ecpas
uniprot id: Q6PDI5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter/scaffolding protein that binds to the 26S proteasome, motor proteins and other compartment specific proteins. May couple the proteasome to different compartments including endosome, endoplasmic reticulum and centrosome. May play a role in ERAD and other enhanced proteolysis (By similarity). Promotes proteasome dissociation under oxidative stress (PubMed:26802743).
messages: Belongs to the ECM29 family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Deficient mice are viable, fertile, and do not show any histological abnormalities. Under stressed condition, 26S proteasome dissociates in wild-type cells, but not in cells from deficient mice.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Endosome
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Non-stoichiometric component of the proteasome; associates with the 26S proteasome. Interacts (via N-terminus) with VPS11, VPS26A, VPS36, RAB11FIP4 and RABEP1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with DCTN1, DCTN2, KIF5B, MYH7, MYH10, MYO10 and ARF6.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level).
messages: centrosome
messages: multivesicular body

10090:B3galt6
gene id: 10090:B3galt6
uniprot id: Q91Z92
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase that transfers galactose from UDP-galactose to substrates with a terminal beta-linked galactose residue. Has a preference for galactose-beta-1,4-xylose that is found in the linker region of glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Has no activity towards substrates with terminal glucosamine or galactosamine residues.
messages: Golgi stack membrane

10090:Oprk1
gene id: 10090:Oprk1
uniprot id: A0A5F8MP90
uniprot id: P33534
uniprot id: Q14AL5
uniprot id: Q3UVW8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level). Brain (neocortex, hippocampus, amygdala, medial habenula, hypothalamus, locus ceruleus, and parabrachial nucleus).
messages: G-protein coupled opioid receptor that functions as receptor for endogenous alpha-neoendorphins and dynorphins, but has low affinity for beta-endorphins. Also functions as receptor for various synthetic opioids and for the psychoactive diterpene salvinorin A. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Plays a role in the perception of pain. Plays a role in mediating reduced physical activity upon treatment with synthetic opioids. Plays a role in the regulation of salivation in response to synthetic opioids. May play a role in arousal and regulation of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions.
messages: Interacts with NHERF1. Interacts with GABARAPL1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with NHERF1. Interacts with GABARAPL1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and show no obvious phenotype. Mutant mice do not display analgesia after treatment with the synthetic agonist U-50,488H. Unlike wild-type mice, they do not show reduced locomotion and increased salivation in response to the synthetic agonist U-50,488H.

10090:Vmn1r13
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r13
uniprot id: G5E8I3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r101
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r101
uniprot id: E9Q365
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gal3st2
gene id: 10090:Gal3st2
uniprot id: A2RTS9
uniprot id: Q3UN22
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase family.

10090:Prpf4
gene id: 10090:Prpf4
uniprot id: Q059T9
uniprot id: Q9DAW6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex) (By similarity). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex) (By similarity). The U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex is composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8 (By similarity). Interacts directly with PRPF18, PPIH and PRPF3 (By similarity). Part of a heteromeric complex containing PPIH, PRPF3 and PRPF4 that is stable in the absence of RNA (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex).

10090:Bdnf
gene id: 10090:Bdnf
uniprot id: P21237
uniprot id: Q541P3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NGF-beta family.
messages: Contrary to mature BDNF, the propeptide is N-glycosylated and glycosulfated.
messages: During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS.
messages: Expressed in the dorsal root ganglion and the spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:28111162). Detected in brain, especially in brain cortex, hippocampus, midbrain and cerebellum (PubMed:2369898, PubMed:8139657).
messages: Expression oscillates in a circadian manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain (PubMed:23785138). Expressed at higher levels during the dark period and at lower levels during the light period (PubMed:23785138). Up-regulated after sciatic nerve injury (PubMed:28111162).
messages: Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2 (PubMed:27457814). Activates signaling cascades via the heterodimeric receptor formed by NGFR and SORCS2 (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:29909994). Signaling via NGFR and SORCS2 plays a role in synaptic plasticity and long-term depression (LTD) (PubMed:27457814). Binding to NGFR and SORCS2 promotes neuronal apoptosis (PubMed:24908487). Promotes neuronal growth cone collapse (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814).
messages: Important signaling molecule that activates signaling cascades downstream of NTRK2 (PubMed:27457814). During development, promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. Participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. Major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), certain forms of short-term synaptic plasticity, as well as homeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability (PubMed:8139657, PubMed:15486301, PubMed:17023662, PubMed:27457814, PubMed:29909994).
messages: Mature BDNF is produced by proteolytic removal of the propeptide, catalyzed by a FURIN family member. In addition, the precursor form is proteolytically cleaved within the propeptide, but this is not an obligatory intermediate for the production of mature BDNF (By similarity). Can be converted into mature BDNF by plasmin (PLG) (PubMed:15486301).
messages: Monomers and homodimers (PubMed:7957235). Binds to NTRK2/TRKB (By similarity). Can form heterodimers with other neurotrophin family members, such as NTF3 and NTF4 (in vitro), but the physiological relevance of this is not clear (By similarity). BDNF precursor form: interacts with the heterodimer formed by NGFR and SORCS2. Mature BDNF has much lower affinity for the heterodimer formed by NGFR and SORCS2 (PubMed:24908487).
messages: Monomers and homodimers. Binds to NTRK2/TRKB.
messages: Mutant mice are smaller than wild-type littermates, and most die during the second week after birth. They exhibit impaired motor coordination and balance, head bobbing and tilting, and spinning during perionds of hyperactivity. Mutant mice display a strongly reduced number of neurons in the dorsal root ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, vestibular ganglion and nodose ganglion. Cell death of vestibular ganglion neurons is strongly increased 14 days after birth. The number of facial motor neurons and sympathetic superior cervical ganglion neurons are not decreased. Mutant mice display defects in the innervation of the inner ear, but respond to auditory stimuli. Tne inner ear from mutant mice has fewer nerve fibers that enter the sacculus, utricle and ampulla of the semicircular ducts, and axons fail to contact their target cells and terminate in the connective tissue adjacent to the sensory epithelia of the sacculus.
messages: Secreted

10090:Atf4
gene id: 10090:Atf4
uniprot id: Q06507
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Binds DNA as a homodimer and as a heterodimer (PubMed:23624402). Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with CEBPB (PubMed:11018027). Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with DDIT3/CHOP (PubMed:23624402). Interacts with CEP290 (via an N-terminal region) (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6, DAPK2 (isoform 2) and ZIPK/DAPK3 (By similarity). Interacts (via its leucine zipper domain) with GABBR1 and GABBR2 (via their C-termini) (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with TXLNG in osteoblasts (PubMed:15911876). Interacts (via its DNA binding domain) with FOXO1 (C-terminal half); the interaction occurs in osteoblasts and regulates glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell proliferation and a decrease in insulin production (PubMed:22298775). Interacts with SATB2; the interaction results in enhanced DNA binding and transactivation by these transcription factors (PubMed:16751105). Interacts with ABRAXAS2 (PubMed:22974638). Interacts with TRIB3, inhibiting the transactivation activity of ATF4 (PubMed:17369260). Interacts with DISC1; which inhibits ATF4 transcription factor activity by disrupting ATF4 dimerization and DNA-binding (PubMed:31444471). Interacts with EP300/p300; EP300/p300 stabilizes ATF4 and increases its transcriptional activity independently of its catalytic activity by preventing its ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryonic development, expressed at high levels in anterior epithelial lens cells at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:10885750). At 16.5 dpc, expressed in osteoblasts surrounding newly formed trabecular bone (PubMed:19232401). At postnatal day 2, detected in most osteoblasts and lining cells (PubMed:19232401). By postnatal week 4, is detected in fewer osteoblasts, but remains present in lining cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19232401).
messages: Hydroxylated by PHD3, leading to decreased protein stability.
messages: Mice were born at a much lower rate than predicted by the Mendelian ratio (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:10885750). Homozygous pups generally die during the first hour after birth, although excess mortality occurrs throughout the first 3 weeks of life (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:11806972). Embryos are severely anemic during fetal development, due to an impairment in definitive hematopoiesis (PubMed:11806972). Surviving mice display defects in embryonic lens formation leading to severe microphthalmia in adults (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:10885750). Embryos show delayed bone formation and surviving mice display low bone mass throughout postnatal life (PubMed:15109498). Surviving null mice exhibit an increase in serum insulin levels and low blood glucose levels (PubMed:22298775). There is a decrease in total fat content, gonadal fat, lean mass and body weight (PubMed:22298775). Serum levels of osteocalcin/BGLAP are decreased (PubMed:22298775). PBK/AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO1 at 'Ser-258' is increased with a subsequent decrease of FOXO1-mediated transcriptional activity (PubMed:22298775).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-251 by RPS6KA3/RSK2 in osteoblasts enhances transactivation activity and promotes osteoblast differentiation (PubMed:15109498). Phosphorylated on the betaTrCP degron motif at Ser-218, followed by phosphorylation at Thr-212, Ser-223, Ser-230, Ser-234 and Ser-247, promoting interaction with BTRC and ubiquitination (PubMed:23663782). Phosphorylation is promoted by mTORC1 (PubMed:23663782). Phosphorylation at Ser-214 by CK2 decreases its stability (By similarity). Phosphorylated by NEK6 (By similarity).
messages: Regulated at the translational level in response to various stress such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, amino acid starvation or oxidative stress (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446, PubMed:15277680, PubMed:21159964). In the absence of stress, ribosomes re-initiate translation at an inhibitory open reading frame (uORF) upstream of the ATF4 transcript, which precludes AFT4 translation (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:15277680). In response to stress and subsequent EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, ribosomes bypass the inhibitory uORF and re-initiate translation at the AFT4 coding sequence (PubMed:15277680). Expressed in a circadian manner in the midbrain with an increased expression seen during the dark phase (at protein level) (PubMed:21768648, PubMed:22572884). Expressed in a circadian manner also in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, cerebral cortex, kidney and small intestine (PubMed:21768648, PubMed:22572884).
messages: The BetaTrCP degron motif promotes binding to BTRC when phosphorylated.
messages: Transcription factor that binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3') and displays two biological functions, as regulator of metabolic and redox processes under normal cellular conditions, and as master transcription factor during integrated stress response (ISR) (PubMed:8506317, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446, PubMed:23624402). Binds to asymmetric CRE's as a heterodimer and to palindromic CRE's as a homodimer (PubMed:8506317, PubMed:23624402). Core effector of the ISR, which is required for adaptation to various stress such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, amino acid starvation, mitochondrial stress or oxidative stress (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446). During ISR, ATF4 translation is induced via an alternative ribosome translation re-initiation mechanism in response to EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, and stress-induced ATF4 acts as a master transcription factor of stress-responsive genes in order to promote cell recovery (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446). Promotes the transcription of genes linked to amino acid sufficiency and resistance to oxidative stress to protect cells against metabolic consequences of ER oxidation (PubMed:12667446). Activates the transcription of NLRP1, possibly in concert with other factors in response to ER stress (By similarity). Activates the transcription of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to amino acid deprivation or ER stress (PubMed:15775988, PubMed:21159964). However, when associated with DDIT3/CHOP, the transcriptional activation of the ASNS gene is inhibited in response to amino acid deprivation (By similarity). Together with DDIT3/CHOP, mediates programmed cell death by promoting the expression of genes involved in cellular amino acid metabolic processes, mRNA translation and the terminal unfolded protein response (terminal UPR), a cellular response that elicits programmed cell death when ER stress is prolonged and unresolved (PubMed:23624402). Together with DDIT3/CHOP, activates…
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(BTRC) in response to mTORC1 signal, followed by proteasomal degradation and leading to down-regulate expression of SIRT4 (PubMed:23663782). Interaction with EP300/p300 inhibits ubiquitination by SCF(BTRC) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in adults.
messages: centrosome

10090:Nhlh1
gene id: 10090:Nhlh1
uniprot id: Q02576
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: May serve as DNA-binding protein and may be involved in the control of cell-type determination, possibly within the developing nervous system.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fdps
gene id: 10090:Fdps
uniprot id: Q4FJN9
uniprot id: Q920E5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
messages: Binds 2 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with RSAD2 (By similarity).
messages: Inactivated by interferon-induced RSAD2. This inactivation may result of disruption of lipid rafts at the plasma membrane, and thus have an antiviral effect since many enveloped viruses need lipid rafts to bud efficiently out of the cell (By similarity).
messages: Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (By similarity).

10090:Zmynd15
gene id: 10090:Zmynd15
uniprot id: Q8C0R7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor through interaction with histone deacetylases (HDACs). May regulate haploid genes important for spermiogenesis.
messages: At the mRNA level, first detected in early pachytene spermatocytes. At the protein level, first detected in step 2 round spermatids. Expression continuously increases thereafter and peaks in spermatids at steps 7-9 (at protein level). Levels start to decrease after step 9 and in step 9-11 elongating spermatids (at protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC3, HDAC6 and, to a lesser extent, with HDAC7.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Since CXCL16 and ZMYND15 genes overlap in their 5'UTRs, CXCL16 knockout also disrupts the ZMYND15 gene. The double knockout mice display severe depletion of late spermatids and are thus infertile. This phenotype is probably due to ZMYND15, rather than CXCL16, deficiency.
messages: Testis-specific. Expressed in pachytene spermatocytes and all developing spermatids, but not in Sertoli, nor Leydig cells (at protein level).

10090:Agpat4
gene id: 10090:Agpat4
uniprot id: Q8K4X7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (PubMed:15367102). Exhibits high acyl-CoA specificity for polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoA, especially docosahexaenoyl-CoA (22:6-CoA, DHA-CoA) (PubMed:24333445).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at a high levels in the brain, at intermediate or low levels in skeletal muscles, gut, kidney, spleen and lung (PubMed:15367102, PubMed:24333445). Barely detectable in heart and liver (PubMed:15367102).
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.

10090:Sidt1
gene id: 10090:Sidt1
uniprot id: E9Q247
uniprot id: Q6AXF6
uniprot id: Q6Q3F6
uniprot id: Q8BZK2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SID1 family.
messages: In vitro binds long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) (500 and 700 base pairs), but not dsRNA shorter than 300 bp (PubMed:26067272). Not involved in RNA autophagy, a process in which RNA is directly imported into lysosomes in an ATP-dependent manner, and degraded (PubMed:27046251).
messages: Membrane

10090:Ube2cbp
gene id: 10090:Ube2cbp
uniprot id: Q8BX13
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and transfers it to substrates, generally promoting their degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Interacts with UBE2C/UbcH10 (E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme).
messages: The C-terminal half (AA 167-368) is able to bind cyclin-B and shows a self-ubiquitination activity (mono-, poly, or multi-ubiquitination) in a HECT-like sequence dependent manner.
messages: Ubiquitinated by UBCH10 (E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme).

10090:Lrp2
gene id: 10090:Lrp2
uniprot id: A2ARV4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A fraction undergoes proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular domain at the cell membrane to generate a cytoplasmic tail fragment. This is internalized into the early endosome from where it trafficks in an LDLRAP1/ARH-dependent manner to the endocytic recycling compartment (ERC). In the ERC, it is further cleaved by gamma-secretase to release a fragment which translocates to the nucleus and mediates transcriptional repression.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the LDLR family.
messages: Binds plasminogen, extracellular matrix components, plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor type I complex, apolipoprotein E-enriched beta-VLDL, lipoprotein lipase, lactoferrin, CLU/clusterin and calcium. Forms a multimeric complex together with LRPAP1 (By similarity). Interacts (via PxLPxI/L motif) with ANKRA2 (via ankyrin repeats) (By similarity). Interacts with LRP2BP. Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB2; the interaction is not affected by tyrosine phosphorylation of the NPXY motif (PubMed:11247302). Interacts with MB (By similarity). Interacts with BMP4 (PubMed:15623804). Interacts with the Sonic hedgehog protein N-product which is the active product of SHH (PubMed:11964399). Interacts with CST3 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with the vitamin-D binding protein GC/DBP (PubMed:10052453). Interacts with sex hormone-binding protein SHBG (By similarity). Interacts with angiotensin-2 (PubMed:15467006). Also interacts with angiotensin 1-7 (PubMed:16380466). Interacts with APOM (PubMed:16099815). Interacts with selenoprotein SEPP1 (PubMed:18174160). Interacts with LEP (By similarity). Interacts with ALB (By similarity). Interacts with the antiapoptotic protein BIRC5/survivin (By similarity). Interacts with matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 in complex with metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1 (By similarity). In neurons, forms a trimeric complex with APP and APPB1/FE65 (PubMed:20637285). Interacts with LDLRAP1/ARH; mediates trafficking of LRP2 to the endocytic recycling compartment (By similarity). Does not interact with beta-amyloid protein 40 alone but interacts with the complex composed of beta-amyloid protein 40 and CLU/APOJ (By similarity). Interacts with MDK (PubMed:10772929).
messages: Down-regulated in the kidney by cannabinoids, such as endocannabinoid anandamide and synthetic cannabinoid HU-210.
messages: Endosome lumen
messages: In the developing optic nerve, more strongly expressed at 14.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc than at 18.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:22354480). In the embryo, expression is detected from 7.5 dpc on the apical side of the developing neural plate and persists throughout later stages of development (PubMed:22340494). After neural tube closure at 9.5 dpc, becomes progressively restricted to the midline region (PubMed:22340494). During the estrus cycle, expression is highest in metestrus II and diestrus (PubMed:16143106).
messages: In the inner ear, strongly expressed in the marginal cells of the stria vascularis (at protein level) (PubMed:17846082). In the female reproductive tract, expressed on the luminal side of the uterine epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:16143106). In the adult brain, expressed in ependymal cells of the lateral ventricles where expression is restricted to the ependyma that faces the stem cell niche (at protein level) (PubMed:20460439). Expressed in neurons throughout the brain including in the hippocampus, limbic cortices and cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:20637285). In the developing optic nerve, expressed exclusively in astrocytes at 14.5 dpc, 16.5 dpc and 18.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:22354480).
messages: Multiligand endocytic receptor. Acts together with CUBN to mediate endocytosis of high-density lipoproteins (PubMed:10766831). Mediates receptor-mediated uptake of polybasic drugs such as aprotinin, aminoglycosides and polymyxin B (By similarity). In the kidney, mediates the tubular uptake and clearance of leptin (PubMed:22841573). Also mediates transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier through endocytosis at the choroid plexus epithelium (By similarity). Endocytosis of leptin in neuronal cells is required for hypothalamic leptin signaling and leptin-mediated regulation of feeding and body weight (PubMed:24825475). Mediates endocytosis and subsequent lysosomal degradation of CST3 in kidney proximal tubule cells (PubMed:17462596). Mediates renal uptake of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in complex with the vitamin D3 transporter GC/DBP (PubMed:10052453). Mediates renal uptake of metallothionein-bound heavy metals (By similarity). Together with CUBN, mediates renal reabsorption of myoglobin (By similarity). Mediates renal uptake and subsequent lysosomal degradation of APOM (By similarity). Plays a role in kidney selenium homeostasis by mediating renal endocytosis of selenoprotein SEPP1 (PubMed:18174160). Mediates renal uptake of the antiapoptotic protein BIRC5/survivin which may be important for functional integrity of the kidney (PubMed:23825075). Mediates renal uptake of matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 in complex with metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1 (PubMed:28659595). Mediates endocytosis of Sonic hedgehog protein N-product (ShhN), the active product of SHH (By similarity). Also mediates ShhN transcytosis (By similarity). In the embryonic neuroepithelium, mediates endocytic uptake and degradation of BMP4, is required for correct SHH localization in the ventral neural tube and plays a role in patterning of the ventral telencephalon (PubMed:15623804). Required at the onset of neurulation to sequester SHH on the apical surface of neuroepithelial cells of the rostral dien…
messages: N-glycosylation is required for ligand binding. Contains core-fucosylated N-glycans in kidney proximal convoluted tubules (PCTs) and hybrid-type N-glycans in proximal straight tubules (PSTs). Interacts with ligands in a glycoform-dependent manner. Retinol-binding protein and the vitamin D carrier GC/DBP are endocytosed primarily by PCTs, albumin is endocytosed equally by PCTs and PSTs, and the aminoglycoside kanamycin is endocytosed primarily by PSTs.
messages: Severe facial dysgenesis and impaired forebrain development around mid-gestation, absence of Shh expression and decreased cell proliferation in the ventral neural tube, and aberrant expression of morphogens Fgf8 and Bmp4 (PubMed:15623804). Reduced expression of homeobox protein Six3 at 8.0 dpc in the prospective forebrain and impaired Shh expression at the ventral midline with resulting midline formation defects and holoprosencephaly (PubMed:22340494). At 9.5 dpc, loss of Shh in the ventral anterior diencephalon and increased Bmp4 expression in the dorsal forebrain (PubMed:22340494). Increased Bmp4 expression and impaired proliferation of neural precursor cells in the subependymal zone of the brain which results in decreased numbers of neuroblasts reaching the olfactory bulb (PubMed:20460439). Compound heterozygotes display enlarged and exophthalmic eyes with thinning of the retina (PubMed:26439398). Severe cardiovascular abnormalities including aortic arch anomalies, persistent truncus arteriosus with coronary artery anomalies, ventricular septal defects, overriding of the tricuspid valve, marked thinning of the ventricular myocardium, and abnormal positioning of the neural crest cells and second heart field (PubMed:26822476). Impaired endocytosis of folate bound to the folate receptor FOLR1, reduced folate levels in embryos and impaired closure of the rostral neural tube (PubMed:24639464). High lethality at and after birth with survivors showing profound hearing loss, elevated lipofuscin granule levels and irregular apical surfaces in marginal cells of the stria vascularis, complete loss of potassium ion channel KCQN1 in basal and midbasal cochlear turns, and reduced estrogen uptake in the stria vascularis (PubMed:17846082). Survivors also display severe vitamin D deficiency and bone formation defects (PubMed:10052453). Failure of the vaginal cavity to open after birth in females and impaired testis descent in males with the left testis poorly developed and severe…
messages: The cytoplasmic domain is required for sorting to the apical cell membrane.
messages: Two overlapping PxLPxI/L motifs mediate interaction with ankyrin repeats of ANKRA2.
messages: axon
messages: coated pit
messages: dendrite

10090:Tmem190
gene id: 10090:Tmem190
uniprot id: Q9D2E9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in testis and in a mixture of spermatogenic cells at various stages (testicular germ cells). Not detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are normal with no alterations in fertility, body size and behavior.

10090:Bak1
gene id: 10090:Bak1
uniprot id: O08734
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with gamma-herpesvirus 68 protein vBCL2.
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Homodimer. Formation of the homodimer is zinc-dependent. Forms heterodimers with BCL2 and BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L). Forms heterooligomers with BAX (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2A1 (PubMed:18462686). Interacts withRTL10/BOP (PubMed:18462686). Interacts with VDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with GIMAP3/IAN4 and GIMAP5/IAN5 (PubMed:16509771).
messages: In the presence of an appropriate stimulus, accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the anti-apoptotic action of BCL2.
messages: Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Mctp2
gene id: 10090:Mctp2
uniprot id: Q5RJH2
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MCTP family.
messages: Binds Ca(2+) via the C2 domains in absence of phospholipids.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the developing heart, with high levels at 9.5 dpc that progressively decrease until 11.5 dpc.
messages: Membrane
messages: Might play a role in the development of cardiac outflow tract.

10090:Apol9a
gene id: 10090:Apol9a
uniprot id: Q8VDU3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.

10090:Tas2r103
gene id: 10090:Tas2r103
uniprot id: Q9JKA3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed in 15% taste bud cells in circumvallate and foliate papillae but only in 2% in fungiform papillae.
messages: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5.
messages: Membrane
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Fgf14
gene id: 10090:Fgf14
uniprot id: A0A0R4J063
uniprot id: O89096
uniprot id: P70379
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Brain and testis; widely distributed in the developing nervous system. In adult, high levels in the granular layer of the cerebellum, less in hippocampus and olfactory bulb.
messages: Interacts with SCN8A.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably involved in nervous system development and function.

10090:Pdrg1
gene id: 10090:Pdrg1
uniprot id: P59048
uniprot id: Q3UKN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
messages: Component of the PAQosome complex which is responsible for the biogenesis of several protein complexes and which consists of R2TP complex members RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIH1D1, URI complex members PFDN2, PFDN6, PDRG1, UXT and URI1 as well as ASDURF, POLR2E and DNAAF10/WDR92.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in chaperone-mediated protein folding.

10090:Ces2c
gene id: 10090:Ces2c
uniprot id: Q91WG0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Hydrolase with high activity towards palmitoylcarnitine. Is also active with p-nitrophenylacetate and alpha-naphthylacetate. May also hydrolyze retinyl esters (By similarity).
messages: Microsome
messages: Up-regulated in liver by di-(2-ethylhexyl)phtalate (DEHP).

10090:Ppil6
gene id: 10090:Ppil6
uniprot id: Q9D6D8
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
messages: Despite the fact that it belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family, it has probably no peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity.
messages: Probable inactive PPIase with no peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity.

10090:Bmpr1a
gene id: 10090:Bmpr1a
uniprot id: P36895
uniprot id: Q53Z43
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with low affinity with GDF5; positively regulates chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity). Interacts with BMP4 (By similarity). Interacts with SCUBE3 (By similarity). Interacts with TSC22D1/TSC-22 (By similarity). Interacts with BMP2; the interaction may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957). Interacts with BMP6 (PubMed:31800957). Interacts with heterodimers composed of BMP2 and BMP6 in vitro; the interaction may induce HAMP expression (PubMed:31800957).
messages: Membrane
messages: On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for BMP2, BMP4, GDF5 and GDF6. Positively regulates chondrocyte differentiation through GDF5 interaction (PubMed:24098149). Mediates induction of adipogenesis by GDF6 (PubMed:23527555). May promote the expression of HAMP, potentially via its interaction with BMP2 (PubMed:31800957).
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Vmn1r73
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r73
uniprot id: Q8R293
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Prkcb
gene id: 10090:Prkcb
uniprot id: P68404
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domain.
messages: Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling and endothelial cells proliferation. Plays a key role in B-cell activation by regulating BCR-induced NF-kappa-B activation. Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11/CARMA1 at 'Ser-559', 'Ser-644' and 'Ser-652'. Phosphorylation induces CARD11/CARMA1 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex as well as MAP3K7/TAK1, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. Plays a direct role in the negative feedback regulation of the BCR signaling, by down-modulating BTK function via direct phosphorylation of BTK at 'Ser-180', which results in the alteration of BTK plasma membrane localization and in turn inhibition of BTK activity. Involved in apoptosis following oxidative damage: in case of oxidative conditions, specifically phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of isoform p66Shc of SHC1, leading to mitochondrial accumulation of p66Shc, where p66Shc acts as a reactive oxygen species producer. Acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (ANDR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to ANDR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-6' of histone H3 (H3T6ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. In insulin signaling, may function downstream of IRS1 in muscle cells and mediate insulin-dependent DNA synthesis through the RAF1-MAPK/ERK signaling cascade. Participates in the regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes by negatively modulating the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4. Phosphorylates SLC2…
messages: Classical (or conventional) PKCs (PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCG) are activated by calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the presence of phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-500 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Thr-642 (turn motif) and Ser-661 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation. Specifically inhibited by enzastaurin (LY317615) (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PDK1. Interacts in vitro with PRKCBP1. Interacts with PHLPP1 and PHLPP2; both proteins mediate its dephosphorylation. Interacts with KDM1A/LSD1, PKN1 and ANDR (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice develop an immunodeficiency characterized by impaired humoral immune responses and reduced cellular responses of B-cells similar to X-linked immunodeficiency (Xid). Mice are unable to activate NF-kappa-B and promote cell survival in B-cells upon BCR signaling, or even in mast cells. B-cells fail to recruit the I-kappa-B kinase (IKK) complex into lipid rafts, activate IKK, degrade I-kappa-B or up-regulate NF-kappa-B-dependent survival signals. Moreover, mutant animals are hyperphagic and exhibit higher food intake and reduced feed efficiency versus wild type. Mice are considerably leaner and display markedly decreased size of white fat depots. Triglyceride content in the liver and skeletal muscle is also significantly low.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Thr-500 within the activation loop renders it competent to autophosphorylate. Subsequent autophosphorylation of Thr-642 maintains catalytic competence, and autophosphorylation on Ser-661 appears to release the kinase into the cytosol. Autophosphorylation on other sites i.e. in the N-terminal and hinge regions have no effect on enzyme activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Tyr-662 by SYK induces binding with GRB2 and contributes to the activation of MAPK/ERK signaling cascade.

10090:Or4k15
gene id: 10090:Or4k15
uniprot id: A2RTN7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sgta
gene id: 10090:Sgta
uniprot id: Q3TN35
uniprot id: Q8BJU0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SGT family.
messages: Co-chaperone that binds misfolded and hydrophobic patches-containing client proteins in the cytosol. Mediates their targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum but also regulates their sorting to the proteasome when targeting fails. Functions in tail-anchored/type II transmembrane proteins membrane insertion constituting with ASNA1 and the BAG6 complex a targeting module. Functions upstream of the BAG6 complex and ASNA1, binding more rapidly the transmembrane domain of newly synthesized proteins. It is also involved in the regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated misfolded protein catabolic process via its interaction with BAG6: collaborates with the BAG6 complex to maintain hydrophobic substrates in non-ubiquitinated states. Competes with RNF126 for interaction with BAG6, preventing the ubiquitination of client proteins associated with the BAG6 complex. Binds directly to HSC70 and HSP70 and regulates their ATPase activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC5 and DNAJC5B (PubMed:17034881). Interacts (via TPR repeats) with HSP90AA1. Interacts (via Gln-rich region) with SLC2A1 (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AB1 (By similarity). Interacts (via TPR repeats) with HSPA8/Hsc70; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with BAG6 (via ubiquitin-like domain); interaction prevents interaction between BAG6 and RNF126 (By similarity). Forms a multiprotein complex, at least composed of DNAJB12, DNAJB14, HSPA8/Hsc70 and SGTA; interaction with DNAJB14 and HSPA8/Hsc70 is direct (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rtl4
gene id: 10090:Rtl4
uniprot id: Q3URY0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at 12.5 dpc in almost all tissues tested. Expressed at 14.5 dpc in brain, eye and liver. Weakly expressed in lung, heart and kidney.
messages: In adults, expressed in brain, eye, kidney, ovary and testis (PubMed:26402067, PubMed:15716091). Weakly expressed in thymus, heart and muscle (PubMed:15716091).
messages: Involved in cognitive function in the brain, possibly via the noradrenergic system.
messages: Mutants are viable and don't show growth retardation in the pre- and postnatal periods in either female or male mice (PubMed:26402067). Animals are fertile, even in the case of mating between mutants. They exhibit abnormal behaviors related to cognition, including attention, impulsivity, and working memory (PubMed:26402067). Animals show a reduced recovery rate of noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex region (PubMed:26402067).
messages: RTL4 is one of at least 11 genes called Mar or Mart related to long terminal repeat retrotransposons. They do not correspond to functional retrotransposons, but rather to neofunctionalized retrotransposons genes.

10090:Cd5l
gene id: 10090:Cd5l
uniprot id: Q9QWK4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FASN; the interaction is direct (PubMed:20519120). Interacts with IgM; protecting CD5L from renal excretion and leading to increased CD5L levels in circulating blood (PubMed:23562157).
messages: Mice are apparently healthy under specific pathogen-free conditions. However, thymus of mice display much fewer thymocytes and CD4/CD8 double-positive (DP) thymocytes are more susceptible to apoptosis (PubMed:9892623). Increased adipocyte size and adipose tissue mass (PubMed:20519120). Higher level of free cholesterol in Th17 cells (PubMed:26607793).
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:10651944, PubMed:23236605). N-glycan at Asn-99 possesses only alpha2,6-sialylated terminals, while Asn-229 possesses both alpha2,6-sialylated and non-sialylated terminals (PubMed:23236605). N-glycosylation increases secretion.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lipid synthesis: mainly expressed by macrophages in lymphoid and inflamed tissues and regulates mechanisms in inflammatory responses, such as infection or atherosclerosis (PubMed:26048980). Able to inhibit lipid droplet size in adipocytes (PubMed:20519120, PubMed:22579686). Following incorporation into mature adipocytes via CD36-mediated endocytosis, associates with cytosolic FASN, inhibiting fatty acid synthase activity and leading to lipolysis, the degradation of triacylglycerols into glycerol and free fatty acids (FFA) (PubMed:20519120). CD5L-induced lipolysis occurs with progression of obesity: participates in obesity-associated inflammation following recruitment of inflammatory macrophages into adipose tissues, a cause of insulin resistance and obesity-related metabolic disease (PubMed:21730133). Regulation of intracellular lipids mediated by CD5L has a direct effect on transcription regulation mediated by nuclear receptors ROR-gamma (RORC) (PubMed:22579686, PubMed:26607793). Acts as a key regulator of metabolic switch in T-helper Th17 cells (PubMed:26607794, PubMed:26607793). Regulates the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in Th17 cells by altering the lipid content and limiting synthesis of cholesterol ligand of RORC, the master transcription factor of Th17-cell differentiation (PubMed:26607793). CD5L is mainly present in non-pathogenic Th17 cells, where it decreases the content of polyunsaturated fatty acyls (PUFA), affecting two metabolic proteins MSMO1 and CYP51A1, which synthesize ligands of RORC, limiting RORC activity and expression of pro-inflammatory genes (PubMed:26607793). Participates in obesity-associated autoimmunity via its association with IgM, interfering with the binding of IgM to Fcalpha/mu receptor and enhancing the development of long-lived plasma cells that produce high-affinity IgG autoantibodies (PubMed:23562157). Also acts as an inhibitor of apoptosis in macrophages: promotes macropha…
messages: Specifically expressed in tissue macrophages (PubMed:9892623). Expressed in thymus, liver, spleen and lymph nodes (PubMed:10651944). Present in Th17 cells; mainly present in non-pathogenic Th17 cells (PubMed:26607793).
messages: Transcription is activated by nuclear receptor liver X /retinoid X (RXR/LXR).

10090:Or5w10
gene id: 10090:Or5w10
uniprot id: Q7TR47
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ucp3
gene id: 10090:Ucp3
uniprot id: B2RTM2
uniprot id: P56501
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice lacking Ucp3 show no overt phenotype being born at the expected frequency, with no observed signs of abnormality, illness, or increased mortality at up to one year of age. They are not obese and have reduced free fatty acids and glucose serum levels. They show a normal circadian rhythm in body temperature and motor activity and have normal body temperature responses to fasting, stress, thyroid hormone, and cold exposure. The baseline metabolic rate and respiratory exchange ratio are the same in knockout and control mice. However, there is decreased proton leak in the mitochondria over the complete range of metabolic rates studied (PubMed:10748195, PubMed:10748196). Mitochondria are more coupled and the production of reactive oxygen species is increased. No effect on exercise tolerance and fatty acid oxidation is observed (PubMed:10748196).
messages: Inhibited by purine nucleotides and inorganic phosphate (in vitro).
messages: Interacts with HAX1; the interaction is direct and calcium-dependent.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Putative transmembrane transporter that plays a role in mitochondrial metabolism via an as yet unclear mechanism (PubMed:10748195, PubMed:10748196). Originally, this mitochondrial protein was thought to act as a proton transmembrane transporter from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the matrix, causing proton leaks through the inner mitochondrial membrane, thereby uncoupling mitochondrial membrane potential generation from ATP synthesis (PubMed:29212043). However, this function is controversial and uncoupling may not be the function, or at least not the main function, but rather a consequence of more conventional metabolite transporter activity (PubMed:11707458, PubMed:20363757).

10090:Ppip5k2
gene id: 10090:Ppip5k2
uniprot id: Q6ZQB6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. VIP1 subfamily.
messages: Bifunctional inositol kinase that acts in concert with the IP6K kinases IP6K1, IP6K2 and IP6K3 to synthesize the diphosphate group-containing inositol pyrophosphates diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate, PP-InsP5, and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate, (PP)2-InsP4 (PubMed:17690096). PP-InsP5 and (PP)2-InsP4, also respectively called InsP7 and InsP8, regulate a variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal dynamics, exocytosis, insulin signaling and neutrophil activation (PubMed:17690096). Phosphorylates inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) at position 1 to produce PP-InsP5 which is in turn phosphorylated by IP6Ks to produce (PP)2-InsP4 (PubMed:17690096). Alternatively, phosphorylates PP-InsP5 at position 1, produced by IP6Ks from InsP6, to produce (PP)2-InsP4 (PubMed:17690096). Required for normal hearing (PubMed:29590114).
messages: The C-terminal acid phosphatase-like domain binds PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and InsP6. Despite its similarity with the phosphatase domain of histidine acid phosphatases, it has no phosphatase activity.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (PubMed:29590114). Expressed in the cochlear and vestibular sensory hair cells, supporting cells and spiral ganglion neurons (PubMed:29590114).
messages: cytosol

10090:Dock6
gene id: 10090:Dock6
uniprot id: A0A1L1SQR4
uniprot id: Q8VDR9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for CDC42 and RAC1 small GTPases (By similarity). Through its activation of CDC42 and RAC1, regulates neurite outgrowth in an vitro differentiation system.
messages: Belongs to the DOCK family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Vector contamination at the N-terminus.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 9.5 dpc in the growing edge of the limb buds and in the developing heart. At 10.5 dpc, strongly expressed at the edge of the limb buds, while expression in the heart maintained. At 11.5 dpc, detected in the apical ectodermal ridge of all 4 limbs, with higher expression in hindlimbs than in forelimbs. By 12.5 and 13.5 dpc, expression pattern more diffused in the limbs. At 13.5 dpc, clearly observed in the developing digits.
messages: The DOCKER domain may mediate some GEF activity.
messages: Up-regulated during differentiation of the N1E-115 neuroblastoma cell line.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in lung and heart.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Anxa7
gene id: 10090:Anxa7
uniprot id: A0A2C9F2D2
uniprot id: Q07076
uniprot id: Q3UYL7
uniprot id: Q8CCV9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Calcium/phospholipid-binding protein which promotes membrane fusion and is involved in exocytosis.
messages: Interacts with PDCD6.

10090:Defb23
gene id: 10090:Defb23
uniprot id: Q30KP0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nlgn3
gene id: 10090:Nlgn3
uniprot id: Q8BYM5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Brain and arteries (at protein level). Detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Expressed in olfactory bulb and olfactory epithelium. Found in olfactory ensheathing glia but not in olfactory neurons, and in developing peripheral glia.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface protein involved in cell-cell-interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, and probably mediates its effects by recruiting and clustering other synaptic proteins. May promote the initial formation of synapses, but is not essential for this. May also play a role in glia-glia or glia-neuron interactions in the developing peripheral nervous system.
messages: Detected at embryonic day 17 dpc and postnatal day P1 in retinal astrocytes, spinal cord astrocytes and Schwann cells of the dorsal root ganglion.
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with NLGN1 and NLGN2 (By similarity). Interacts with neurexins NRXN1, NRXN2 and NRXN3 (By similarity). Interaction with neurexins is mediated by heparan sulfate glycan modification on neurexin (PubMed:30100184). Interacts (via its C-terminus) with DLG4/PSD-95 (via PDZ domain 3) (By similarity).
messages: No obvious phenotype, but mice present subtle behavorial changes with reduced ultrasound vocalization and impaired response to olfactory cues. In addition, mice have reduced brain volume. Mice lacking both NLGN1 and NLGN3, or NLGN2 and NLGN3, are viable, but have impaired breathing, drastically reduced reproduction rates and striking deficits in raising their offspring. Mice lacking NLGN1, NLGN2 and NLGN3 are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but die shortly after birth due to respiratory failure. They do not show a significant change in the number of synapses, but synapse function is strongly impaired.
messages: Synapse

10090:Slc36a2
gene id: 10090:Slc36a2
uniprot id: Q8BHK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Electrogenic proton/amino acid symporter with a high selectivity for the small side chains amino acids glycine, alanine and proline, where both L- and D-enantiomers are transported. Extension of the backbone length, as in beta-alanine and 4-aminobutanoate or methylation of the amino group, as in sarcosine and N,N-dimethylglycine, are also tolerated but decrease transport efficiency. A free carboxyl group is preferred.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in spinal cord, brain, testis, lung, heart, colon, spleen, kidney and muscle. Found in neuronal cell bodies in the anterior horn, in spinal cord brain stem, cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, rhinencephalon, cerebral cortex, and olfactory bulb in the brain. Also expressed in bone and fat tissues.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane

10090:Rbl2
gene id: 10090:Rbl2
uniprot id: A0A1B0GR06
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRM0
uniprot id: Q64700
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the retinoblastoma protein (RB) family.
messages: During G0 and early G1 phase of the cell cycle, phosphorylated on Ser-636 and on 5 sites within the domain B. Phosphorylation on Ser-669 in G1 leads to its ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with AATF and RINT1. Component of the DREAM complex (also named LINC complex) at least composed of E2F4, E2F5, LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, MYBL1, MYBL2, RBL1, RBL2, RBBP4, TFDP1 and TFDP2. The complex exists in quiescent cells where it represses cell cycle-dependent genes. It dissociates in S phase when LIN9, LIN37, LIN52 and LIN54 form a subcomplex that binds to MYBL2. Interacts with USP4 (By similarity). Interacts with KMT5B, KMT5C and USP4. Interacts with PML (By similarity). Interacts with RBBP9 (By similarity).
messages: Key regulator of entry into cell division. Directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining overall chromatin structure and, in particular, that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. Recruits and targets histone methyltransferases KMT5B and KMT5C, leading to epigenetic transcriptional repression. Controls histone H4 'Lys-20' trimethylation. Probably acts as a transcription repressor by recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to promoters. Potent inhibitor of E2F-mediated trans-activation, associates preferentially with E2F5. Binds to cyclins A and E. Binds to and may be involved in the transforming capacity of the adenovirus E1A protein. May act as a tumor suppressor.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc23a4
gene id: 10090:Slc23a4
uniprot id: A0A0J9YUX7
uniprot id: E9PW54
uniprot id: Q6DIB3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rhox4a
gene id: 10090:Rhox4a
uniprot id: Q9D3I8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc6a17
gene id: 10090:Slc6a17
uniprot id: A0A0R4J087
uniprot id: Q8BJI1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
messages: Expressed during embryonic brain development and the highest levels are observed postnatally.
messages: Expressed in the brain. The strongest expression levels in embryonic, postnatal, and adult stages are found in both cortical and hippocampal tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Presynapse
messages: Synaptic vesicle transporter with apparent selectivity for neutral amino acids. The transport is sodium-coupled but chloride-independent, likely driven by the proton electrochemical gradient generated by vacuolar H(+)-ATPase in an overall electrogenic mechanism. May contribute to the synaptic uptake of neurotransmitter precursors in a process coupled in part to vesicle exocytosis.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Acot13
gene id: 10090:Acot13
uniprot id: Q4VA32
uniprot id: Q9CQR4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the thioesterase PaaI family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels (PubMed:19405909). Has acyl-CoA thioesterase activity towards medium (C12) and long-chain (C18) fatty acyl-CoA substrates (PubMed:19405909). Can also hydrolyze 3-hydroxyphenylacetyl-CoA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetyl-CoA (in vitro) (By similarity). May play a role in controlling adaptive thermogenesis (PubMed:24072708).
messages: Highly expressed in the kidney and moderately in the heart, liver, brain, small and large intestine. Also expressed in brown adipose tissue.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with PCTP.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: No visible phenotype until 7 weeks of age. Animals are viable and fertile. After 7 weeks, mutant mice exhibit a modest decrease in body weight and decreased adiposity, compared to wild-type animals, despite increased food consumption. They tend to show a reduced hepatic fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase activity, leading to alterations in fatty acid metabolism and improved glucose homeostasis. When fed a high-fat diet, mutant livers are protected against steatosis and increased hepatic glucose production (PubMed:22345407). Mutant mice adapt more rapidly than wild-type to short-term cold exposure by increasing physical activity, food consumption and energy expenditure. After 96-hour equilibration at cold temperature, genotype-dependent differences are abolished. Mutant brown adipose tissue show reduced lipid droplets, alterations in the ultrastructure of mitochondria and a small increase in the expression of thermogenic genes (PubMed:24072708).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol
messages: spindle

10090:Wdr83
gene id: 10090:Wdr83
uniprot id: Q9DAJ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat MORG1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with EGLN3/PHD3. Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Interacts with ERK signaling proteins MAP2K1/MEK1, MAP2K2/MEK2, LAMTOR3, ARAF/Raf-1, MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1.
messages: Molecular scaffold protein for various multimeric protein complexes. Involved in response to hypoxia by acting as a negative regulator of HIF1A/HIF-1-alpha via its interaction with EGLN3/PHD3. May promote degradation of HIF1A. May act by recruiting signaling complexes to a specific upstream activator (By similarity). Also acts as a module in the assembly of a multicomponent scaffold for the ERK pathway, linking ERK responses to specific agonists. At low concentrations it enhances ERK activation, whereas high concentrations lead to the inhibition of ERK activation. May also be involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Vax1
gene id: 10090:Vax1
uniprot id: Q2NKI2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expressed in the forebrain, through the optic stalk and ending in the proximal portion of the optic vesicle. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the optic stalk, outer layer of the optic cup, and the primordium of the pigment epithelium. In the pigment epithelium, down-regulated after 11.5 dpc, and expression restricted to the optic stalk and the ventral forebrain.
messages: Belongs to the EMX homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that may function in dorsoventral specification of the forebrain. Required for axon guidance and major tract formation in the developing forebrain. May contribute to the differentiation of the neuroretina, pigmented epithelium and optic stalk.

10090:Braf
gene id: 10090:Braf
uniprot id: P28028
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In quiescent cells, maintained in an inactive state via an intramolecular interaction between the protein kinase and N-terminal domains. Following mitogen-mediated cell activation, binds via its RGB domain to active HRAS (GTP-bound) which releases the inhibitory intramolecular interaction between the two domains. This allows the MAP2K1-mediated dimerization of KSR1 or KSR2, and BRAF which activates BRAF.
messages: Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Phosphorylates MAP2K1, and thereby activates the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Phosphorylates PFKFB2 (By similarity). May play a role in the postsynaptic responses of hippocampal neurons.
messages: Methylation by PRMT5 decreases stability and kinase activity.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homodimer (By similarity). Heterodimerizes with RAF1, and the heterodimer possesses a highly increased kinase activity compared to the respective homodimers or monomers (By similarity). Heterodimerization is mitogen-regulated and enhanced by 14-3-3 proteins. MAPK1/ERK2 activation can induce a negative feedback that promotes the dissociation of the heterodimer by phosphorylating BRAF at Thr-738. Heterodimerizes (via N-terminus) with KSR1 (via N-terminus) or KSR2 (via N-terminus) in a MAP2K1-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with MAP2K1 and MAP2K2 (By similarity). Found in a complex with at least BRAF, HRAS, MAP2K1, MAPK3 and RGS14. Interacts with RIT1. Interacts (via N-terminus) with RGS14 (via RBD domains); the interaction mediates the formation of a ternary complex with RAF1, a ternary complex inhibited by GNAI1 (By similarity). Interacts with DGKH (By similarity). Interacts with PRMT5 (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP13, MAP2K1 and KSR1. Identified in a complex with AKAP13, KSR1 and MAP2K1 (PubMed:21102438). Interacts with FNIP1 and FNIP2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Participates in a chromosomal translocation that produces a Tif1a-BRAF (T18) oncogene originally isolated from a furfural-induced hepatoma.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-348 by SGK1 inhibits its activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF149; which leads to proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated at Lys-615 in response to EGF (By similarity).

10090:Nrtn
gene id: 10090:Nrtn
uniprot id: P97463
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. GDNF subfamily.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Secreted
messages: Supports the survival of sympathetic neurons in culture. May regulate the development and maintenance of the CNS. Might control the size of non-neuronal cell population such as haemopoietic cells.
messages: Widespread distribution.

10090:Alk
gene id: 10090:Alk
uniprot id: P97793
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated upon ALKAL2 ligand-binding. ALKAL2-driven activation is coupled with heparin-binding (By similarity). Following ligand-binding, homodimerizes and autophosphorylates, activating its kinase activity (By similarity). Inactivated through dephosphorylation by receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta and zeta complex (PTPRB/PTPRZ1) when there is no stimulation by a ligand (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer; homodimerizes following heparin- and ligand-binding (By similarity). Interacts with CBL, IRS1, PIK3R1 and PLCG1 (PubMed:15226403, PubMed:16878150). Interacts with FRS2 and SHC1 (PubMed:15226403, PubMed:16878150). Interacts with PTN and MDK (By similarity).
messages: In the hypothalamus, expression is induced in response to feeding.
messages: Mainly expressed in central nervous system (CNS) and other parts of the brain such as the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Expression is also found in peripheral nervous systems, eye, nasal epithelium, olfactory nerve, tongue, skin, tissue surrounding the esophagus, stomach, midgut, as well as testis and ovary.
messages: Mice display a decrease in newborn neurons and defects in brain function (PubMed:17487225, PubMed:22079349). Mice show an age-dependent increase in basal hippocampal progenitor proliferation and alterations in behavioral tests (PubMed:17487225). Mice lacking both Alk and Ltk show a strong reduction in newborn neurons (PubMed:22079349). Mutants develop a thin phenotype at the age of 5 weeks, persisting into adulthood with reduced body adiposity, elevated adiponectin levels and improved glucose homeostasis, while having unaltered food intake and activity (PubMed:32442405). They show a marked resistance to diet- and leptin-mutation-induced obesity and exhibit increased adipose tissue lipolysis (PubMed:32442405).
messages: Neuronal receptor tyrosine kinase that is essentially and transiently expressed in specific regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems and plays an important role in the genesis and differentiation of the nervous system (PubMed:15226403, PubMed:16458083, PubMed:16878150, PubMed:19200234, PubMed:30497772). Also acts as a key thinness protein involved in the resistance to weight gain: in hypothalamic neurons, controls energy expenditure acting as a negative regulator of white adipose tissue lipolysis and sympathetic tone to fine-tune energy homeostasis (PubMed:32442405). Following activation by ALKAL2 ligand at the cell surface, transduces an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. In contrast, ALKAL1 is not a potent physiological ligand for ALK. Ligand-binding to the extracellular domain induces tyrosine kinase activation, leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Phosphorylates almost exclusively at the first tyrosine of the Y-x-x-x-Y-Y motif. Induces tyrosine phosphorylation of CBL, FRS2, IRS1 and SHC1, as well as of the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1. ALK activation may also be regulated by pleiotrophin (PTN) and midkine (MDK). PTN-binding induces MAPK pathway activation, which is important for the anti-apoptotic signaling of PTN and regulation of cell proliferation. MDK-binding induces phosphorylation of the ALK target insulin receptor substrate (IRS1), activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and PI3-kinase, resulting also in cell proliferation induction. Drives NF-kappa-B activation, probably through IRS1 and the activation of the AKT serine/threonine kinase. Recruitment of IRS1 to activated ALK and the activation of NF-kappa-B are essential for the autocrine growth and survival signaling of MDK (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues by autocatalysis, which activates kinase activity. In cells not stimulated by a ligand, receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase beta and zeta complex (PTPRB/PTPRZ1) dephosphorylates ALK at the sites in ALK that are undergoing autophosphorylation through autoactivation.
messages: The EGF-like region drives the cytokine specificity for ALKAL2.
messages: The heparin-binding region binds heparin glycosaminoglycan. Heparin-binding is required for ALKAL2-driven activation.

10090:Ccdc85c
gene id: 10090:Ccdc85c
uniprot id: A0A217FL83
uniprot id: E9Q6B2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCDC85 family.
messages: Disrupted in the hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (hhy) mutant. The mutant animals shown sucortical heterotopia and non-obstructive hydrocephalus with frequent brain hemorrhage.
messages: May interact with ARVCF, CTNND1, CTNND2 and PKP4.
messages: May play a role in cell-cell adhesion and epithelium development through its interaction with proteins of the beta-catenin family (By similarity). May play an important role in cortical development, especially in the maintenance of radial glia (PubMed:22056358).
messages: Predominantly expressed on the surface of the lateral ventricular walls of the developing cerebral cortex.
messages: adherens junction
messages: tight junction

10090:Epb41
gene id: 10090:Epb41
uniprot id: A0A068WAQ5
uniprot id: A0A068WAZ7
uniprot id: A0A571BEG4
uniprot id: P48193
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds with a high affinity to glycophorin and with lower affinity to band III protein. Associates with the nuclear mitotic apparatus. Binds calmodulin, CENPJ and DLG1. Also found to associate with contractile apparatus and tight junctions. Interacts with NUMA1; this interaction is negatively regulated by CDK1 during metaphase and promotes anaphase-specific localization of NUMA1 in symmetrically dividing cells. Interacts with ATP2B1; regulates small intestinal calcium absorption through regulation of membrane expression of ATP2B1 (PubMed:23460639).
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated; contains N-acetylglucosamine side chains in the C-terminal domain.
messages: Phosphorylated at multiple sites by different protein kinases and each phosphorylation event selectively modulates the protein's functions.
messages: Phosphorylation on Tyr-654 reduces the ability of 4.1 to promote the assembly of the spectrin/actin/4.1 ternary complex.
messages: Protein 4.1 is a major structural element of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton. It plays a key role in regulating membrane physical properties of mechanical stability and deformability by stabilizing spectrin-actin interaction. Recruits DLG1 to membranes. Required for dynein-dynactin complex and NUMA1 recruitment at the mitotic cell cortex during anaphase.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Kif5b
gene id: 10090:Kif5b
uniprot id: Q61768
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Kinesin subfamily.
messages: Composed of three structural domains: a large globular N-terminal domain which is responsible for the motor activity of kinesin (it hydrolyzes ATP and binds microtubule), a central alpha-helical coiled coil domain that mediates the heavy chain dimerization; and a small globular C-terminal domain which interacts with other proteins (such as the kinesin light chains), vesicles and membranous organelles.
messages: Cytolytic granule membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mice are embryonic lethal. They show perinuclear clustering of mitochondria and impaired lysosomal dispersion.
messages: Microtubule-dependent motor required for normal distribution of mitochondria and lysosomes. May be involved in the mechanisms of growth arrest induced by exposure to DNA-damaging drugs or by cellular senescence (PubMed:9657148). Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701). Regulates centrosome and nuclear positioning during mitotic entry. During the G2 phase of the cell cycle in a BICD2-dependent manner, antagonizes dynein function and drives the separation of nuclei and centrosomes. Required for anterograde axonal transportation of MAPK8IP3/JIP3 which is essential for MAPK8IP3/JIP3 function in axon elongation (By similarity). Through binding with PLEKHM2 and ARL8B, directs lysosome movement toward microtubule plus ends. Involved in NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Drives the polarization of cytolytic granules and microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) toward the immune synapse between effector NK lymphocytes and target cells (By similarity).
messages: Oligomer composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Interacts with GRIP1 and PPP1R42 (PubMed:11986669, PubMed:19886865). Interacts with SYBU (By similarity). Interacts with JAKMIP1 (PubMed:17532644). Interacts with PLEKHM2. Interacts with ECPAS (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:21976701). Found in a complex with OGT, RHOT1, RHOT2 and TRAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with APP (via cytoplasmic domain) (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Fuom
gene id: 10090:Fuom
uniprot id: Q8R2K1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RbsD / FucU family.
messages: Deficient female mice show reduced sexual receptivity, as measured by lordosis quotient and masculinized sexual behaviors in female mice. Display a reduced number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus, a sexually dimorphic feature in rats and mice. Embryos at 16.5 dpc have reduced alpha-feto-protein levels and reduced fucosylation of alpha-feto-protein.
messages: Involved in the interconversion between alpha- and beta-L-fucoses. L-Fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose) exists as alpha-L-fucose (29.5%) and beta-L-fucose (70.5%), the beta-form is metabolized through the salvage pathway. GDP-L-fucose formed either by the de novo or salvage pathways is transported into the endoplasmic reticulum, where it serves as a substrate for N- and O-glycosylations by fucosyltransferases. Fucosylated structures expressed on cell surfaces or secreted in biological fluids are believed to play a critical role in cell-cell adhesion and recognition processes.
messages: Mainly homodimer, but exists also as homotetramer, homooctamer, and homodecamer. The homodimeric form seems catalytically inactive.
messages: Widely expressed in various tissues and cell lines, including kidney, liver, and pancreas, marginally in muscle and testis.

10090:Rnf26
gene id: 10090:Rnf26
uniprot id: Q8BUH7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in endosome organization by retaining vesicles in the perinuclear cloud. Acts as a platform for perinuclear positioning of the endosomal system by mediating ubiquitination of SQSTM1 through interaction with the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2J1. Ubiquitinated SQSTM1 attracts specific vesicle-associated adapters, forming a molecular bridge that restrains cognate vesicles in the perinuclear region and organizes the endosomal pathway for efficient cargo transport. Also acts as a regulator of type I interferon production in response to viral infection by mediating the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains on TMEM173/STING, leading to stabilize TMEM173/STING. Also required to limit type I interferon response by promoting autophagic degradation of IRF3.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with INCA1. Interacts with TMEM43, ENDOD1, TMEM33 and TMED1 to form a complex capable of modulating innate immune signaling through the cGAS-STING pathway. Interacts with UBE2J1; this interaction is important for SQSTM1 ubiquitination.