Major chimpanzee-specific structural changes in sperm development-associated genes.
Accelerated evolution of nervous system genes in the origin of Homo sapiens.
DNA sequence and comparative analysis of chimpanzee chromosome 22.
Gene diversity patterns at 10 X-chromosomal loci in humans and chimpanzees.
Evolutionary conservation and diversification of Rh family genes and proteins.
Ancient adaptive evolution of tetherin shaped the functions of Vpu and Nef in human immunodeficiency virus and primate lentiviruses.
Conservation of Y-linked genes during human evolution revealed by comparative sequencing in chimpanzee.
Comparison of chimpanzee and human leukocyte Ig-like receptor genes reveals framework and rapidly evolving genes.
Mapping of chimpanzee full-length cDNAs onto the human genome unveils large potential divergence of the transcriptome.
Evolution of a pigmentation gene, the melanocortin-1 receptor, in primates.
Variation of the melanocortin 1 receptor gene in the macaques.
Characterization of interleukin-8 receptors in non-human primates.
Molecular evolution of CXCR1, a G protein-coupled receptor involved in signal transduction of neutrophils.
Adaptive evolution of SCML1 in primates, a gene involved in male reproduction.
Comparative genomics and diversifying selection of the clustered vertebrate protocadherin genes.
The SPANX gene family of cancer/testis-specific antigens: rapid evolution and amplification in African great apes and hominids.
Rapid evolution of major histocompatibility complex class I genes in primates generates new disease alleles in humans via hitchhiking diversity.
Characterization of STIP, a multi-domain nuclear protein, highly conserved in metazoans, and essential for embryogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Evolution of fucosyltransferase genes in vertebrates.
A second uniquely human mutation affecting sialic acid biology.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian adiponectin genes.
Adaptive selection of mitochondrial complex I subunits during primate radiation.
Comparative sequence analyses reveal rapid and divergent evolutionary changes of the WFDC locus in the primate lineage.
A CD4 domain important for HIV-mediated syncytium formation lies outside the virus binding site.
Cloning and sequences of primate CD4 molecules: diversity of the cellular receptor for simian immunodeficiency virus/human immunodeficiency virus.
Genetic subspecies diversity of the chimpanzee CD4 virus-receptor gene.
Conservation and variation in human and common chimpanzee CD94 and NKG2 genes.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian ribonuclease A genes.
Curated eutherian third party data gene data sets.
Common chimpanzees have greater diversity than humans at two of the three highly polymorphic MHC class I genes.
MHC class I diversity in chimpanzees and bonobos.
Major histocompatibility complex class I diversity in a West African chimpanzee population: implications for HIV research.
Patr-A and B, the orthologues of HLA-A and B, present hepatitis C virus epitopes to CD8+ cytotoxic T cells from two chronically infected chimpanzees.
A candidate prostate cancer susceptibility gene at chromosome 17p.
Discordant Evolution of the Adjacent Antiretroviral Genes TRIM22 and TRIM5 in Mammals.
Mass spectral analyses of the two major apolipoproteins of great ape high density lipoproteins.
Primate evolution of an olfactory receptor cluster: diversification by gene conversion and recent emergence of pseudogenes.
Emergence of young human genes after a burst of retroposition in primates.
Evolution of the phosphoglycerate mutase processed gene in human and chimpanzee revealing the origin of a new primate gene.
Search for genes positively selected during primate evolution by 5'-end-sequence screening of cynomolgus monkey cDNAs.
The animal sialyltransferases and sialyltransferase-related genes: a phylogenetic approach.
The identification and functional implications of human-specific "fixed" amino acid substitutions in the glutamate receptor family.
Diverse fates of paralogs following segmental duplication of telomeric genes.
Ribonuclease k6: chromosomal mapping and divergent rates of evolution within the RNase A gene superfamily.
Evolution of pro-protamine P2 genes in primates.
Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man.
Evolution of the primate beta-globin gene region. High rate of variation in CpG dinucleotides and in short repeated sequences between man and chimpanzee.
The characterization of the tryptic peptides from the hemoglobin of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
Elevated gene expression levels distinguish human from non-human primate brains.
Antiretroelement activity of APOBEC3H was lost twice in recent human evolution.
Structural basis of chimpanzee APOBEC3H dimerization stabilized by double-stranded RNA.
The evolution and genomic landscape of CGB1 and CGB2 genes.
Recent African origin of modern humans revealed by complete sequences of hominoid mitochondrial DNAs.
Genomics, evolution, and expression of TBPL2, a member of the TBP family.
Evolution of alpha 2-fucosyltransferase genes in primates: relation between an intronic Alu-Y element and red cell expression of ABH antigens.
Conversion and compensatory evolution of the gamma-crystallin genes and identification of a cataractogenic mutation that reverses the sequence of the human CRYGD gene to an ancestral state.
Cross-species analysis of the mammalian beta-defensin gene family: presence of syntenic gene clusters and preferential expression in the male reproductive tract.
Natural selection in the TLR-related genes in the course of primate evolution.
Origin of INSL3-mediated testicular descent in therian mammals.
Genetic evidence of a strong functional constraint of neurotrypsin during primate evolution.
Cloning, expression and subcellular localization of HN1 and HN1L genes, as well as characterization of their orthologs, defining an evolutionarily conserved gene family.
Comparative analyses of multi-species sequences from targeted genomic regions.
Comparative sequencing of human and chimpanzee MHC class I regions unveils insertions/deletions as the major path to genomic divergence.
A system for receptor functional analysis based on c-fos mRNA expression: analysis of GnRH receptors as a test system.
Comparison of class I MHC alleles in humans and apes.
HLA-A and B polymorphisms predate the divergence of humans and chimpanzees.
MHC-F DNA sequences in bonobo, gorilla and orangutan.
Genomewide screening for fusogenic human endogenous retrovirus envelopes identifies syncytin 2, a gene conserved on primate evolution.
Identification of an envelope protein from the FRD family of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV-FRD) conferring infectivity and functional conservation among simians.
The evolutionary history of the CD209 (DC-SIGN) family in humans and non-human primates.
Human-chimpanzee DNA sequence variation in the four major genes of the renin angiotensin system.
Evolution of the primate androgen receptor: a structural basis for disease.
Recognition and accommodation at the androgen receptor coactivator binding interface.
Death and resurrection of the human IRGM gene.
Rapid evolution and diversification of mammalian alpha-defensins as revealed by comparative analysis of rodent and primate genes.
A unique amino acid deletion in the chimpanzee cyclin T1 does not affect Tat trans-activation of HIV.
Human-specific amino acid changes found in 103 protein-coding genes.
Molecular evolution of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A gene in primates.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian tumor necrosis factor ligand genes.
Characterization of the MHC class I-related MR1 locus in nonhuman primates.
Protein kinase R reveals an evolutionary model for defeating viral mimicry.
Sequence diversity and large-scale typing of SNPs in the human apolipoprotein E gene.
Diversification of bitter taste receptor gene family in western chimpanzees.
Eco-Geographical Diversification of Bitter Taste Receptor Genes (TAS2Rs) among Subspecies of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
Mitochondrial DNA sequences of primates: tempo and mode of evolution.
Comparative genomic analysis of the MHC: the evolution of class I duplication blocks, diversity and complexity from shark to man.
Co-Evolution of Primate SAMHD1 and Lentivirus Vpx Leads to the Loss of the vpx Gene in HIV-1 Ancestor.
Evolutionary and functional analyses of the interaction between the myeloid restriction factor SAMHD1 and the lentiviral Vpx protein.
The Ability of Primate Lentiviruses to Degrade the Monocyte Restriction Factor SAMHD1 Preceded the Birth of the Viral Accessory Protein Vpx.
Molecular cloning and characterization of EPI-1, the major protein in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) cauda epididymal fluid.
Bonobos Fall within the Genomic Variation of Chimpanzees.
Comparison between the complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of Homo and the common chimpanzee based on nonchimeric sequences.
Interspecies hybridization on DNA resequencing microarrays: efficiency of sequence recovery and accuracy of SNP detection in human, ape, and codfish mitochondrial DNA genomes sequenced on a human-specific MitoChip.
Accelerated evolution of the ASPM gene controlling brain size begins prior to human brain expansion.
Adaptive evolution of ASPM, a major determinant of cerebral cortical size in humans.
Evolution of the human ASPM gene, a major determinant of brain size.
Cloning, sequencing and expression in Escherichia coli of cDNA for a non-A, non-B hepatitis-associated microtubular aggregates protein.
Isolation and purification of a non-A, non-B hepatitis-associated microtubular aggregates protein.
Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors.
CYP3 phylogenomics: evidence for positive selection of CYP3A4 and CYP3A7.
Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.
Interspecies subtractive hybridization of cDNA from human and chimpanzee brains.
Differential binding of urokinase and peptide antagonists to the urokinase receptor: evidence from characterization of the receptor in four primate species.
Selection on a Variant Associated with Improved Viral Clearance Drives Local, Adaptive Pseudogenization of Interferon Lambda 4 (IFNL4).
Accelerated protein evolution and origins of human-specific features: Foxp2 as an example.
Rapid evolution of a unique family of primate ribonuclease genes.
Sequence variation at two eosinophil-associated ribonuclease loci in humans.
Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language.
The complexity of selection at the major primate beta-defensin locus.
Structure and polymorphism of two stress-activated protein kinase genes centromeric of the MHC: SAPK2a and SAPK4.
Molecular evolution of the primate developmental genes MSX1 and PAX9.
Molecular evolution of adrenarche: structural and functional analysis of p450c17 from four primate species.
Structural and functional evolution of the trace amine-associated receptors TAAR3, TAAR4 and TAAR5 in primates.
Structure, molecular evolution, and gene expression of primate superoxide dismutases.
Genomic analysis of common chimpanzee major histocompatibility complex class I genes.
Inversion, duplication, and changes in gene context are associated with human chromosome 18 evolution.
Primary sequence of an alternatively spliced form of CR1. Candidate for the 75,000 M(r) complement receptor expressed on chimpanzee erythrocytes.
Alu-mediated 100-kb deletion in the primate genome: the loss of the agouti signaling protein gene in the lesser apes.
Investigation of the role of the agouti signaling protein gene (ASIP) in coat color evolution in primates.
Rapid evolution of NK cell receptor systems demonstrated by comparison of chimpanzees and humans.
Lineage-specific homogenization of the polyubiquitin gene among human and great apes.
Third party annotation gene data set of eutherian lysozyme genes.
Evolution of the NANOG pseudogene family in the human and chimpanzee genomes.
The structural evolution of a P2Y-like G-protein-coupled receptor.
Identification of two novel primate-specific genes in DSCR.
Birth and adaptive evolution of a hominoid gene that supports high neurotransmitter flux.
Characterization of the transcription unit and two processed pseudogenes of chimpanzee triosephosphate isomerase (TPI).
A history of recurrent positive selection at the toll-like receptor 5 in primates.
The influence of CCL3L1 gene-containing segmental duplications on HIV-1/AIDS susceptibility.
MEPE evolution in mammals reveals regions and residues of prime functional importance.
Episodes of natural selection shaped the interactions of IgA-Fc with FcalphaRI and bacterial decoy proteins.
Initial description of primate-specific cystine-knot Prometheus genes and differential gene expansions of D-dopachrome tautomerase genes.
Polymorphisms in the trace amine receptor 4 (TRAR4) gene on chromosome 6q23.2 are associated with susceptibility to schizophrenia.
The Breadth of Antiviral Activity of Apobec3DE in Chimpanzees Has Been Driven by Positive Selection.
Rate of molecular evolution of the seminal protein gene SEMG2 correlates with levels of female promiscuity.
Departure from neutrality at the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene in humans, but not in chimpanzees.
Neuroglobin and cytoglobin: genes, proteins and evolution.
Differential NKp30 inducibility in chimpanzee NK cells and conserved NK cell phenotype and function in long-term HIV-1-infected animals.
The human progesterone receptor shows evidence of adaptive evolution associated with its ability to act as a transcription factor.
Evidence on human origins from haemoglobins of African apes.
Structural and evolutionary analysis of the two chimpanzee alpha-globin mRNAs.
Novel member of the CD209 (DC-SIGN) gene family in primates.
Expansion and divergence of the GH locus between spider monkey and chimpanzee.
Comprehensive search for intra- and inter-specific sequence polymorphisms among coding envelope genes of retroviral origin found in the human genome: genes and pseudogenes.
Cross-species characterization of the ALS2 gene and analysis of its pattern of expression in development and adulthood.
Cloning of interleukin-4 delta2 splice variant (IL-4delta2) in chimpanzee and cynomolgus macaque: phylogenetic analysis of delta2 splice variant appearance, and implications for the study of IL-4-driven immune processes.
Molecular evolution of the N-formyl peptide and C5a receptors in non-human primates.
Mitochondrial COII sequences and modern human origins.
RNase 8, a novel RNase A superfamily ribonuclease expressed uniquely in placenta.
Analysis of variation in the human beta-globin gene cluster using a novel DHPLC technique.
Primate hemoglobins: some sequences and some proposals concerning the character of evolution and mutation.
Structure of the delta-chain of chimpanzee haemoglobin A 2.
Cloning and expression of interleukin-3 genes of chimpanzee and New World monkeys.
Analysis of the reticulon gene family demonstrates the absence of the neurite growth inhibitor Nogo-A in fish.
Osteocalcin protein sequences of Neanderthals and modern primates.
Sequences and predicted structures of chimpanzee STRL33 (Bonzo) and gpr15 (BOB).
Human adaptive evolution at myostatin (GDF8), a regulator of muscle growth.
Chimpanzee CXCR4 and CCR5 act as coreceptors for HIV type 1.
Molecular evolution of the human SRPX2 gene that causes brain disorders of the Rolandic and Sylvian speech areas.
Global haplotype diversity in the human insulin gene region.
Sequences of primate insulin genes support the hypothesis of a slower rate of molecular evolution in humans and apes than in monkeys.
Restriction of foamy viruses by APOBEC cytidine deaminases.
Adaptive evolution of MRGX2, a human sensory neuron specific gene involved in nociception.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor genes.
Divergent evolution of the prolactin-inducible protein gene and related genes in the mouse genome.
Origin and evolution of gene for prolactin-induced protein.
Sequence variation and haplotype structure at the Human HFE Locus.
Analysis of human and primate CD2 molecules by protein sequence and epitope mapping with anti-human CD2 antibodies.
Evolution of the mannose-binding lectin gene in primates.
Comparative genomics reveals gene-specific and shared regulatory sequences in the spermatid-expressed mammalian Odf1, Prm1, Prm2, Tnp1, and Tnp2 genes.
Mast cell alpha and beta tryptases changed rapidly during primate speciation and evolved from gamma-like transmembrane peptidases in ancestral vertebrates.
Evolution of the tumor suppressor BRCA1 locus in primates: implications for cancer predisposition.
Evolutionary sequence comparisons using high-density oligonucleotide arrays.
No Distinction of Orthology/Paralogy between Human and Chimpanzee Rh Blood Group Genes.
Nucleotide sequence of a chimpanzee DOB cDNA clone.
Dynamic functional evolution of an odorant receptor for sex-steroid-derived odors in primates.
Evolution of the relaxin-like peptide family.
Comparative genomic analysis of prion genes.
Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of interleukin 16 from nonhuman primates and from the mouse.
Differential L1 regulation in pluripotent stem cells of humans and apes.
Adaptive evolution of primate TRIM5alpha, a gene restricting HIV-1 infection.
All three variable regions of the TRIM5alpha B30.2 domain can contribute to the specificity of retrovirus restriction.
High-frequency persistence of an impaired allele of the retroviral defense gene TRIM5alpha in humans.
Patterns of evolution of host proteins involved in retroviral pathogenesis.
Positive selection of primate TRIM5alpha identifies a critical species-specific retroviral restriction domain.
The B30.2(SPRY) domain of the retroviral restriction factor TRIM5alpha exhibits lineage-specific length and sequence variation in primates.
Evolutionary variability of cytochrome c primary structures.
Implications of natural selection in shaping 99.4% nonsynonymous DNA identity between humans and chimpanzees: enlarging genus Homo.
A gene recently inactivated in human defines a new olfactory receptor family in mammals.
Large-scale sequencing of the CD33-related Siglec gene cluster in five mammalian species reveals rapid evolution by multiple mechanisms.
Human glycolipid transfer protein (GLTP) genes: organization, transcriptional status and evolution.
Detection of two distinct forms of apoC-I in great apes.
Higher primates, but not New World monkeys, have a duplicate set of enhancers flanking their apoC-I genes.
Proteogenomic Review of the Changes in Primate apoC-I during Evolution.
Mutations of LRTOMT, a fusion gene with alternative reading frames, cause nonsyndromic deafness in humans.
Beta-defensin 1 gene variability among non-human primates.
Expression of beta-defensin-1 in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) airways.
Infectious amyloid precursor gene sequences in primates used for experimental transmission of human spongiform encephalopathy.
Prion protein gene variation among primates.
Differential Evolutionary Fate of an Ancestral Primate Endogenous Retrovirus Envelope Gene, the EnvV Syncytin, Captured for a Function in Placentation.
Gene conversion and purifying selection of a placenta-specific ERV-V envelope gene during simian evolution.
Multiple promoter and splicing mRNA variants of the epididymis-specific gene EP2.
Structure, gene expression, and evolution of primate copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase.
Molecular and immunological significance of chimpanzee major histocompatibility complex haplotypes for hepatitis C virus immune response and vaccination studies.
Nucleotide sequences of chimpanzee MHC class I alleles: evidence for trans-species mode of evolution.
Dusty protein kinases: primary structure, gene evolution, tissue specific expression and unique features of the catalytic domain.
NEDD8 nucleates a multivalent cullin-RING-UBE2D ubiquitin ligation assembly.
NEDD8nucleates a multivalent cullin-RING-UBE2D ubiquitin ligation assembly.
Primate DAX1, SRY, and SOX9: evolutionary stratification of sex-determination pathway.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian kallikrein genes.
Contrasting levels of DNA polymorphism at the autosomal and X-linked visual color pigment loci in humans and squirrel monkeys.
Sequence polymorphism at the human apolipoprotein AII gene (APOA2): unexpected deficit of variation in an African-American sample.
Chimpanzee fetal G gamma and A gamma globin gene nucleotide sequences provide further evidence of gene conversions in hominine evolution.
Chimpanzee foetal haemoglobin: structure and heterogeneity of the gamma chain.
Reexamination of the African hominoid trichotomy with additional sequences from the primate beta-globin gene cluster.
Rhesus and chimpanzee DC-SIGN act as HIV/SIV gp120 trans-receptors, similar as human DC-SIGN.
Increased constraints on MC4R during primate and human evolution.
The rise and fall of the chemoattractant receptor GPR33.
Evolution of the cystatin B gene: implications for the origin of its variable dodecamer tandem repeat in humans.
Characterization of the genes encoding carbonic anhydrase I of chimpanzee and gorilla: comparative analysis of 5' flanking erythroid-specific promoter sequences.
Rejection of the 'flying primate' hypothesis by phylogenetic evidence from the epsilon-globin gene.
Prevention of rhinovirus infection in chimpanzees by soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1.
Sequence, organization, and evolution of Rh50 glycoprotein genes in nonhuman primates.
Positive Selection and Multiple Losses of the LINE-1-Derived L1TD1 Gene in Mammals Suggest a Dual Role in Genome Defense and Pluripotency.
Haplotype analysis of the human alpha2-HS glycoprotein (fetuin) gene.
Identification of Gasz, an evolutionarily conserved gene expressed exclusively in germ cells and encoding a protein with four ankyrin repeats, a sterile-alpha motif, and a basic leucine zipper.
Thiopurine S-methyltransferase pharmacogenetics: variant allele functional and comparative genomics.
Comparison of DNA and protein polymorphisms between humans and chimpanzees.
Evolution of the hepcidin gene in primates.
Primate-specific spliced PMCHL RNAs are non-protein coding in human and macaque tissues.
Chimpanzee apolipoprotein H (beta2-glycoprotein I): report on the gene structure, a common polymorphism, and a high prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies.
Evidence for positive selection in the C-terminal domain of the cholesterol metabolism gene PCSK9 based on phylogenetic analysis in 14 primate species.
Differential utilization of CCR5 by macrophage and T cell tropic simian immunodeficiency virus strains.
HIV type 1 subtypes, coreceptor usage, and CCR5 polymorphism.
Sequence evolution of the CCR5 chemokine receptor gene in primates.
Sequence of chemokine receptor gene CCR5 in chimpanzees, a natural HIV type 1 host.
Evolution of the primate cathelicidin. Correlation between structural variations and antimicrobial activity.
Identification of conserved potentially regulatory sequences of the SRY gene from 10 different species of mammals.
Nuclear versus Mitochondrial DNA: Evidence for Hybridization in Colobine Monkeys.
Rapid sequence evolution of the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY.
Population distribution of human flavin-containing monooxygenase form 3: gene polymorphisms.
Identification of a novel gene family that includes the interferon-inducible human genes 6-16 and ISG12.
Interferon-inducible gene expression in chimpanzee liver infected with hepatitis C virus.
Evolution-Guided Identification of Antiviral Specificity Determinants in the Broadly Acting Interferon-Induced Innate Immunity Factor MxA.
New insights into the Rh superfamily of genes and proteins in erythroid cells and nonerythroid tissues.
A genomic region evolving toward different GC contents in humans and chimpanzees indicates a recent and regionally limited shift in the mutation pattern.
Molecular cloning of ILP-2, a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family.
The potential significance of adaptive evolution and dimerization in chimpanzee intercellular cell adhesion molecules (ICAMs).
Diversifying selection of the tumor-growth promoter angiogenin in primate evolution.
Emergence of primate genes by retrotransposon-mediated sequence transduction.
A new superfamily of protein-O-fucosyltransferases, alpha2-fucosyltransferases, and alpha6-fucosyltransferases: phylogeny and identification of conserved peptide motifs.
Evolution of protamine P1 genes in primates.
Contribution of a common single-nucleotide polymorphism to the genetic predisposition for erythropoietic protoporphyria.
Episodic adaptive evolution of primate lysozymes.
Molecular evolution of the brain size regulator genes CDK5RAP2 and CENPJ.
A potent neutralizing monoclonal antibody can discriminate amongst IFNgamma from various primates with greater specificity than can the human IFNgamma receptor complex.
A novel poly(A)-binding protein gene (PABPC5) maps to an X-specific subinterval in the Xq21.3/Yp11.2 homology block of the human sex chromosomes.
Expression, candidate gene, and population studies of the melanocortin 5 receptor.
Loss of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in human evolution: implications for sialic acid recognition by siglecs.
Alpha-synuclein A53T substitution associated with Parkinson disease also marks the divergence of Old World and New World primates.
Mobilization of an ERV9 human endogenous retroviral element during primate evolution.
Functional variants in the B-cell gene BANK1 are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.
A mutation in human CMP-sialic acid hydroxylase occurred after the Homo-Pan divergence.
Analysis of evolutionary conservation in CD1d molecules among primates.
Tau gene (MAPT) sequence variation among primates.
Comparative genomic analysis of eutherian interferon-gamma-inducible GTPases.
Barth syndrome: TAZ gene mutations, mRNAs, and evolution.