Belongs to the V-ATPase D subunit family.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.
Homodimer. Forms a heterotetramer composed of two Mre11 subunits and two Rad50 subunits.
Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
Nuclease activity is regulated by Rad50.
Part of the Rad50/Mre11 complex, which is involved in the early steps of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. The complex may facilitate opening of the processed DNA ends to aid in the recruitment of HerA and NurA. Mre11 binds to DSB ends and has both double-stranded 3'-5' exonuclease activity and single-stranded endonuclease activity.
Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family. ADHS subfamily.
Catalyzes a transaldol reaction between 6-deoxy-5-ketofructose 1-phosphate (DKFP) and L-aspartate semialdehyde (ASA) with an elimination of hydroxypyruvaldehyde phosphate to yield 2-amino-3,7-dideoxy-D-threo-hept-6-ulosonate (ADH). Plays a key role in an alternative pathway of the biosynthesis of 3-dehydroquinate (DHQ), which is involved in the canonical pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.
Belongs to the methyl-accepting chemotaxis (MCP) protein family.
Belongs to the arginase family. Agmatinase subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Trm1 family.
Dimethylates a single guanine residue at position 26 of a number of tRNAs using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as donor of the methyl groups.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. Class I DHOase subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible cyclization of carbamoyl aspartate to dihydroorotate.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL18 family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
IGPS catalyzes the conversion of PRFAR and glutamine to IGP, AICAR and glutamate. The HisH subunit catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia as part of the synthesis of IGP and AICAR. The resulting ammonia molecule is channeled to the active site of HisF.
Involved in the maturation of [NiFe] hydrogenases. Required for nickel insertion into the metal center of the hydrogenase.
Belongs to the 4-toluene sulfonate uptake permease (TSUP) (TC 2.A.102) family.
Belongs to the type-I restriction system S methylase family.
Belongs to the isopentenyl phosphate kinase family.
Catalyzes the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), the building block of all isoprenoids.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
Heterohexamer of two alpha and four beta subunits.
Molecular chaperone capable of stabilizing a range of proteins. Seems to fulfill an ATP-independent, HSP70-like function in archaeal de novo protein folding.
Belongs to the Mg-chelatase subunits D/I family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Forms 2 domains with an elongated structure; Rpo4 packs into the hinge region between the 2 domains.
Part of the RNA polymerase complex. Forms a stalk with Rpo4 that extends from the main structure.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Fibrillarin family.
Interacts with nop5. Component of box C/D small ribonucleoprotein (sRNP) particles that contain rpl7ae, FlpA and nop5, plus a guide RNA.
Involved in pre-rRNA and tRNA processing. Utilizes the methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine to catalyze the site-specific 2'-hydroxyl methylation of ribose moieties in rRNA and tRNA. Site specificity is provided by a guide RNA that base pairs with the substrate. Methylation occurs at a characteristic distance from the sequence involved in base pairing with the guide RNA.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RecA-like protein family.
Involved in DNA repair and in homologous recombination. Binds and assemble on single-stranded DNA to form a nucleoprotein filament. Hydrolyzes ATP in a ssDNA-dependent manner and promotes DNA strand exchange between homologous DNA molecules.
Allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatB subfamily.
Belongs to the type IA topoisomerase family.
Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA, which is introduced during the DNA replication and transcription, by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(5'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 3'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand, thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 3'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone.
Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.
MCR is composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. The function of proteins C and D is not known.
Belongs to the SecD/SecF family. SecD subfamily.
Part of the protein translocation apparatus. Forms a complex with SecF.
Binds 1 5-hydroxybenzimidazolylcobamide group.
Part of a complex that catalyzes the formation of methyl-coenzyme M and tetrahydromethanopterin from coenzyme M and methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin. This is an energy-conserving, sodium-ion translocating step.
The complex is composed of 8 subunits; MtrA, MtrB, MtrC, MtrD, MtrE, MtrF, MtrG and MtrH.
The key enzymatic reactions in nitrogen fixation are catalyzed by the nitrogenase complex, which has 2 components: the iron protein and the molybdenum-iron protein.
The reversible ADP-ribosylation of Arg inactivates the nitrogenase reductase and regulates nitrogenase activity.
The reversible ADP-ribosylation of Arg-109 inactivates the nitrogenase reductase and regulates nitrogenase activity.
Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
Catalyzes the reversible oxidation of CO(2) and methanofuran (MFR) to N-formylmethanofuran (CHO-MFR). This enzyme is oxygen-labile.
This enzyme is composed of six subunits FwdA, FwdC, FwdD, FwdE, FwdF and FwdG.
Belongs to the arsenical resistance-3 (ACR3) (TC 2.A.59) family.
Belongs to the ketopantoate reductase family.
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ketopantoate into pantoic acid.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 2 subfamily.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.
Contains catalytic and regulatory chains.
Involved in allosteric regulation of aspartate carbamoyltransferase.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. Archaeal HPRT subfamily.
Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of IMP that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis.
Stabilizes TBP binding to an archaeal box-A promoter. Also responsible for recruiting RNA polymerase II to the pre-initiation complex (DNA-TBP-TFIIB).
Catalyzes the reversible transfer of a formyl group from formylmethanofuran (formyl-MFR) to tetrahydromethanopterin (H(4)MPT) to produce 5-formyl tetrahydromethanopterin (5-formyl-H(4)MPT) and methanofuran (MFR).
Catalyzes the synthesis of GMP from XMP.
Heterodimer composed of a glutamine amidotransferase subunit (A) and a GMP-binding subunit (B).
Catalyzes the reversible reduction of methenyl-H(4)MPT(+) to methylene-H(4)MPT.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family. RsmA subfamily.
Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 16S rRNA in the 30S particle. May play a critical role in biogenesis of 30S subunits.
Belongs to the anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoribosyl group of 5-phosphorylribose-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to anthranilate to yield N-(5'-phosphoribosyl)-anthranilate (PRA).
Belongs to the [NiFe]/[NiFeSe] hydrogenase large subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL13 family.
This protein is one of the early assembly proteins of the 50S ribosomal subunit, although it is not seen to bind rRNA by itself. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly.
Does not function as a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase in the presence of glutathione and glutathione reductase. Has low thioredoxin activity in vitro.
Belongs to the SMC family. RAD50 subfamily.
Part of the Rad50/Mre11 complex, which is involved in the early steps of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. The complex may facilitate opening of the processed DNA ends to aid in the recruitment of HerA and NurA. Rad50 controls the balance between DNA end bridging and DNA resection via ATP-dependent structural rearrangements of the Rad50/Mre11 complex.
The two conserved Cys that bind zinc constitute the zinc-hook, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions. The 2 Cys residues coordinate one molecule of zinc with the help of the 2 Cys residues of the zinc-hook of another Rad50 molecule, thereby forming a V-shaped homodimer.
Belongs to the precorrin methyltransferase family.
Functions by promoting the formation of the first peptide bond.
Belongs to the archaeal flagellin family.
Flagellin is the subunit protein which polymerizes to form the filaments of archaeal flagella.
Belongs to the thiamine-monophosphate kinase family.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of thiamine-monophosphate (TMP) to form thiamine-pyrophosphate (TPP), the active form of vitamin B1.
Reaction mechanism of ThiL seems to utilize a direct, inline transfer of the gamma-phosphate of ATP to TMP rather than a phosphorylated enzyme intermediate.
Heterotetramer of two alpha and two epsilon subunits. The ACDS complex is made up of alpha, epsilon, beta, gamma and delta subunits with a probable stoichiometry of (alpha(2)epsilon(2))(4)-beta(8)-(gamma(1)delta(1))(8).
Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible cleavage of acetyl-CoA, allowing autotrophic growth from CO(2). The alpha-epsilon subcomponent functions as a carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. The precise role of the epsilon subunit is unclear; it may have a stabilizing role within the alpha(2)epsilon(2) component and/or be involved in electron transfer to FAD during a potential FAD-mediated CO oxidation.
Homodimer. Heterotetramer of two Top6A and two Top6B chains.
Relaxes both positive and negative superturns and exhibits a strong decatenase activity.
Catalyzes the transfer of the enolpyruvyl moiety of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to the 5-hydroxyl of shikimate-3-phosphate (S3P) to produce enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate and inorganic phosphate.
Component of the proteasome core, a large protease complex with broad specificity involved in protein degradation.
The 20S proteasome core is composed of 14 alpha and 14 beta subunits that assemble into four stacked heptameric rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two inner rings, each composed of seven catalytic beta subunits, are sandwiched by two outer rings, each composed of seven alpha subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Has a gated structure, the ends of the cylinder being occluded by the N-termini of the alpha-subunits. Is capped at one or both ends by the proteasome regulatory ATPase, PAN.
The formation of the proteasomal ATPase PAN-20S proteasome complex, via the docking of the C-termini of PAN into the intersubunit pockets in the alpha-rings, triggers opening of the gate for substrate entry. Interconversion between the open-gate and close-gate conformations leads to a dynamic regulation of the 20S proteasome proteolysis activity.
Binds 1 pyruvoyl group covalently per subunit.
Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family. LysA subfamily.
Specifically catalyzes the decarboxylation of meso-diaminopimelate (meso-DAP) to L-lysine.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
Belongs to the AdoMet synthase 2 family.
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.
Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement.
Part of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Forms a loose heterodimer with protein S19. Forms two bridges to the 50S subunit in the 70S ribosome.
Associates with stalled 50S ribosomal subunits.
Probably part of the ribosome quality control system (RQC). May mediate the addition of alanine residues (Ala tailing) to incompletely synthesized nascent chains from stalled ribosomes, leading to their degradation.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family.
Forms part of the polypeptide exit tunnel.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, this protein initially binds near the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome.
Belongs to the adenylate cyclase family. DacZ subfamily.
Diadenylate cyclase that catalyzes the condensation of 2 ATP molecules into cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP). c-di-AMP is a second messenger for intracellular signal transduction involved in the control of important regulatory processes such as osmoregulation.
Aminocarboxypropyltransferase that catalyzes the aminocarboxypropyl transfer on pseudouridine corresponding to position 914 in M.jannaschii 16S rRNA. It constitutes the last step in biosynthesis of the hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi).
Belongs to the TDD superfamily. TSR3 family.
Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily.
Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of D,L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate in vitro.
Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Homotetramer. Residues from neighboring subunits contribute catalytic and substrate-binding residues to each active site.
Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.
Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters. Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Component of the wyosine derivatives biosynthesis pathway that catalyzes the condensation of N-methylguanine with 2 carbon atoms from pyruvate to form the tricyclic 4-demethylwyosine (imG-14) on guanosine-37 of tRNA(Phe).
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. HemL subfamily.
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
Involved in F420 biosynthesis through the oxidation of lactaldehyde to lactate.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the CRISPR-associated nuclease Cas3-HD family.
In the central section; belongs to the CRISPR-associated helicase Cas3 family.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. CofH family.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the radical-mediated synthesis of 5-amino-5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(D-ribitylimino)-5,6-dihydrouracil from 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil and L-tyrosine.
Consists of two subunits, CofG and CofH.
Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family. LeuC type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate, via the formation of 2-isopropylmaleate.
Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family.
Forms a cylinder of 14 subunits composed of two heptameric rings stacked back-to-back. Interacts with the co-chaperonin GroES.
Together with its co-chaperonin GroES, plays an essential role in assisting protein folding. The GroEL-GroES system forms a nano-cage that allows encapsulation of the non-native substrate proteins and provides a physical environment optimized to promote and accelerate protein folding.
Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily. OTCase family.
Reversibly catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl group from carbamoyl phosphate (CP) to the N(epsilon) atom of ornithine (ORN) to produce L-citrulline.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group of 4-methyl-5-beta-hydroxyethylthiazole (THZ).
Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.
Promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP in EF-1-alpha/GDP, thus allowing the regeneration of EF-1-alpha/GTP that could then be used to form the ternary complex EF-1-alpha/GTP/AAtRNA.
Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.
Monomer. Part of the FGAM synthase complex composed of 1 PurL, 1 PurQ and 2 PurS subunits.
Part of the phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase complex involved in the purines biosynthetic pathway. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) and glutamine to yield formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) and glutamate. The FGAM synthase complex is composed of three subunits. PurQ produces an ammonia molecule by converting glutamine to glutamate. PurL transfers the ammonia molecule to FGAR to form FGAM in an ATP-dependent manner. PurS interacts with PurQ and PurL and is thought to assist in the transfer of the ammonia molecule from PurQ to PurL.
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
Belongs to the amidase family. GatA subfamily.
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. CDC48 subfamily.
Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily. ATCase family.
Heterooligomer of catalytic and regulatory chains.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Contacts the 5S and 23S rRNAs.
This is one of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains.
The alpha subunit is responsible for the aldol cleavage of indoleglycerol phosphate to indole and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.
Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
Catalyzes the ATP- and formate-dependent formylation of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl 5'-monophosphate (AICAR) to 5-formaminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl 5'-monophosphate (FAICAR) in the absence of folates.
Belongs to the FldB/FldC dehydratase alpha/beta subunit family.
Component of the KEOPS complex that consists of Kae1, Bud32, Cgi121 and Pcc1; the whole complex dimerizes.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. BUD32 subfamily.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the KAE1 / TsaD family.
Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Is a component of the KEOPS complex that is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. The Kae1 domain likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction. The Bud32 domain probably displays kinase activity that regulates Kae1 function.
Specifically catalyzes the AdoMet-dependent 2'-O-ribose methylation of cytidine at position 56 in tRNAs.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family.
Probably involved in E site tRNA release (By similarity). Binds directly to 23S rRNA.
Protein L1 is also a translational repressor protein, it controls the translation of the L1 operon by binding to its mRNA. Thus it also controls transcription of L10 and L12 by translational coupling. Unlike the case in E.coli, where the site is in the untranslated mRNA leader, this site is within the L1 protein's structural gene.
Belongs to the glutaminase PdxT/SNO family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia as part of the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. The resulting ammonia molecule is channeled to the active site of PdxS.
In the presence of PdxS, forms a dodecamer of heterodimers. Only shows activity in the heterodimer.
Belongs to the DeoC/FbaB aldolase family.
Essential cell division protein that forms a contractile ring structure (Z ring) at the future cell division site. The regulation of the ring assembly controls the timing and the location of cell division. One of the functions of the FtsZ ring is to recruit other cell division proteins to the septum to produce a new cell wall between the dividing cells. Binds GTP and shows GTPase activity.
Homodimer. Polymerizes to form a dynamic ring structure in a strictly GTP-dependent manner. Interacts directly with several other division proteins.
Belongs to the diaminopimelate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK6 subfamily.
Broad-specificity nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates.
Belongs to the bacterial solute-binding protein 1 family. WtpA subfamily.
Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-inosyl-L-homocysteine (SIH) to L-homocysteine (Hcy) and inosine. Likely functions in a S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) recycling pathway from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) produced from SAM-dependent methylation reactions. Can also catalyze the reverse reaction in vitro, i.e. the synthesis of SIH from Hcy and inosine.
SAH is a product of SAM methyltransferases and is known to be a feedback inhibitor of these enzymes. As a result of this inhibition, organisms have evolved efficient enzymes to metabolize SAH via different pathways. The pathway found in methanogens differs from the canonical pathway, it uses the deamination of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine to form S-inosyl-L-homocysteine for the regeneration of SAM from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family. Zinc-binding uS14 subfamily.
Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of undecaprenyl diphosphate (UPP).
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of UMP to UDP.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruD family.
Contains large globular domains required for ATP hydrolysis at each terminus and a third globular domain forming a flexible hinge near the middle of the molecule. These domains are separated by coiled-coil structures.
Required for chromosome condensation and partitioning.
Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
Catalyzes the transfer of the 2-phospholactate moiety from (2S)-lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine to 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin (FO) with the formation of oxidized coenzyme F420-0 and GMP.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of the two carboxylate groups at positions a and c of cobyrinate, using either L-glutamine or ammonia as the nitrogen source. Involved in the biosynthesis of the unique nickel-containing tetrapyrrole coenzyme F430, the prosthetic group of methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR), which plays a key role in methanogenesis and anaerobic methane oxidation. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of the two carboxylate groups at positions a and c of Ni-sirohydrochlorin, using L-glutamine or ammonia as the nitrogen source.
Comprises of two domains. The C-terminal domain contains the binding site for glutamine and catalyzes the hydrolysis of this substrate to glutamate and ammonia. The N-terminal domain is anticipated to bind ATP, and cobyrinate or Ni-sirohydrochlorin, and catalyzes the ultimate synthesis of the diamide product. The ammonia produced via the glutaminase domain is probably translocated to the adjacent domain via a molecular tunnel, where it reacts with an activated intermediate.
The a and c carboxylates of cobyrinate and Ni-sirohydrochlorin are activated for nucleophilic attack via formation of a phosphorylated intermediate by ATP. CbiA catalyzes first the amidation of the c-carboxylate, and then that of the a-carboxylate.
Belongs to the type-I 3-dehydroquinase family.
Involved in the third step of the chorismate pathway, which leads to the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Catalyzes the cis-dehydration of 3-dehydroquinate (DHQ) and introduces the first double bond of the aromatic ring to yield 3-dehydroshikimate.
The reversible ADP-ribosylation of Arg-100 inactivates the nitrogenase reductase and regulates nitrogenase activity.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. CofG family.
Catalyzes the radical-mediated synthesis of 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin from 5-amino-5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-6-(D-ribitylimino)-5,6-dihydrouracil.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family.
Involved in targeting and insertion of nascent membrane proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane. Binds directly to 7S RNA and mediates binding of the 54 kDa subunit of the SRP.
Part of the signal recognition particle protein translocation system, which is composed of SRP and FtsY. Archaeal SRP consists of a 7S RNA molecule of 300 nucleotides and two protein subunits: SRP54 and SRP19.
Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of 5-formyl-H(4)MPT to methenyl-H(4)MPT(+).
Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the V-ATPase proteolipid subunit family.
Belongs to the methyl-coenzyme M reductase alpha subunit family.
Binds 2 coenzyme F430 non-covalently per MCR complex. Coenzyme F430 is a yellow nickel porphinoid. Methyl-coenzyme-M reductase is activated when the enzyme-bound coenzyme F430 is reduced to the Ni(I) oxidation state.
Component of the methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) I that catalyzes the reductive cleavage of methyl-coenzyme M (CoM-S-CH3 or 2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonate) using coenzyme B (CoB or 7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate) as reductant which results in the production of methane and the mixed heterodisulfide of CoB and CoM (CoM-S-S-CoB). This is the final step in methanogenesis.
Hexamer of two alpha, two beta, and two gamma chains.
MCR is a hexamer of two alpha, two beta, and two gamma chains, forming a dimer of heterotrimers.
Belongs to the BPG-independent phosphoglycerate mutase family. A-PGAM subfamily.
Catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate.
Belongs to the archaeal histone HMF family.
Binds and compact DNA (95 to 150 base pairs) to form nucleosome-like structures that contain positive DNA supercoils. Increases the resistance of DNA to thermal denaturation (in vitro).
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
Important for reducing fluoride concentration in the cell, thus reducing its toxicity.
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily.
Part of an ABC transporter complex. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system.
Probably part of an ABC transporter complex. Responsible for energy coupling to the transport system.
Belongs to the creatininase superfamily. FAPy deformylase family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the formamide of 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-ribosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-monophosphate (FAPy) to form 2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate (APy).
Requires an additional second metal ion that could be Fe(2+) or Zn(2+).
Catalyzes the formation of phosphoribosylamine from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) and glutamine.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of glucosamine-6-phosphate to glucosamine-1-phosphate.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS27 family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit; can use either Mg(2+) or Mn(2+).
Phosphatase that hydrolyzes non-canonical purine nucleotides such as XTP and ITP to their respective diphosphate derivatives. Probably excludes non-canonical purines from DNA/RNA precursor pool, thus preventing their incorporation into DNA/RNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions.
Zinc phosphodiesterase, which displays some tRNA 3'-processing endonuclease activity. Probably involved in tRNA maturation, by removing a 3'-trailer from precursor tRNA.
Belongs to the CRISPR system Cmr5 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
Binds to 23S rRNA. Forms part of two intersubunit bridges in the 70S ribosome.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Forms a cluster with proteins L3 and L24e, part of which may contact the 16S rRNA in 2 intersubunit bridges.
Belongs to the archaeal DnaG primase family.
Forms a ternary complex with MCM helicase and DNA.
RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. The Rpo2 subunit (Rpo2N and Rpo2C in this organism) is implicated in DNA promoter recognition and in nucleotide binding.
Belongs to the tRNA pseudouridine synthase TruA family.
Belongs to the L-aspartate dehydrogenase family.
Specifically catalyzes the NAD or NADP-dependent dehydrogenation of L-aspartate to iminoaspartate.
The iminoaspartate product is unstable in aqueous solution and can decompose to oxaloacetate and ammonia.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
Belongs to the NifD/NifK/NifE/NifN family.
This protein may play a role in the biosynthesis of the prosthetic group of nitrogenase (FeMo cofactor).
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase TrmH family.
Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) with geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to yield (2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30E,34E,38E)-undecaprenyl diphosphate (tritrans,heptacis-UPP). It is probably the precursor of glycosyl carrier lipids.
Belongs to the Ni-containing carbon monoxide dehydrogenase family.
Binds 2 [Ni-4Fe-4S] clusters per heterotetramer.
Binds 7 [4Fe-4S] clusters per heterotetramer.
Cluster B is an all-cysteinyl-liganded 4Fe-4S cluster; cluster C is a mixed Ni-Fe-S cluster which is the active site of CO oxidation. Cluster D is also an all-cysteinyl-liganded 4Fe-4S cluster that bridges the two subunits of the CODH dimer. Contains two additional 4Fe-4S clusters, dubbed E and F, that probably transport electrons from ferredoxin to the B cluster.
Part of the ACDS complex that catalyzes the reversible cleavage of acetyl-CoA, allowing autotrophic growth from CO(2). The alpha-epsilon subcomponent functions as a carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL5 family.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit; contacts the 5S rRNA and probably tRNA. Forms a bridge to the 30S subunit in the 70S ribosome.
This is 1 of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance. In the 70S ribosome it contacts protein S13 of the 30S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; this bridge is implicated in subunit movement. May contact the P site tRNA; the 5S rRNA and some of its associated proteins might help stabilize positioning of ribosome-bound tRNAs.
Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family. Azg-like subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome (By similarity).
Belongs to the carbamoyltransferase HypF family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins. Required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation. It has been suggested to have peptidyltransferase activity; this is somewhat controversial. Makes several contacts with the 16S rRNA in the 70S ribosome.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Forms a bridge to the 30S subunit in the 70S ribosome.
Catalyzes the conversion of 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate (HTPA) to tetrahydrodipicolinate.
Was originally thought to be a dihydrodipicolinate reductase (DHDPR), catalyzing the conversion of dihydrodipicolinate to tetrahydrodipicolinate. However, it was shown in E.coli that the substrate of the enzymatic reaction is not dihydrodipicolinate (DHDP) but in fact (2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinic acid (HTPA), the product released by the DapA-catalyzed reaction.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. PoK subfamily.
Phosphorylates (R)-pantoate to form (R)-4-phosphopantoate in the CoA biosynthesis pathway.
Composed of two chains; the small (or glutamine) chain promotes the hydrolysis of glutamine to ammonia, which is used by the large (or ammonia) chain to synthesize carbamoyl phosphate.
Belongs to the methyl-coenzyme M reductase beta subunit family.
Belongs to the helicase family. Hel308 subfamily.
DNA-dependent ATPase and 3'-5' DNA helicase that may be involved in repair of stalled replication forks.
Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Belongs to the CRISPR-associated exonuclease Cas4 family.
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) is an adaptive immune system that provides protection against mobile genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements and conjugative plasmids). CRISPR clusters contain sequences complementary to antecedent mobile elements and target invading nucleic acids. CRISPR clusters are transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNA (crRNA).
Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) required for ssDNA cleavage activity.
Belongs to the ParA family. MinD subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible reduction of methylene-H(4)MPT to methyl-H(4)MPT.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP, that is energically less costly than de novo synthesis.
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. BioA subfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid (KAPA) to form 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (DAPA). It is the only aminotransferase known to utilize SAM as an amino donor.
Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family.
Belongs to the archaeal adenylate kinase family.
Belongs to the archaeal riboflavin kinase family.
Catalyzes the CTP-dependent phosphorylation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) to form flavin mononucleotide (FMN).
ATPase which is responsible for recognizing, binding, unfolding and translocation of substrate proteins into the archaeal 20S proteasome core particle. Is essential for opening the gate of the 20S proteasome via an interaction with its C-terminus, thereby allowing substrate entry and access to the site of proteolysis. Thus, the C-termini of the proteasomal ATPase function like a 'key in a lock' to induce gate opening and therefore regulate proteolysis. Unfolding activity requires energy from ATP hydrolysis, whereas ATP binding alone promotes ATPase-20S proteasome association which triggers gate opening, and supports translocation of unfolded substrates.
Consists of three main regions, an N-terminal coiled-coil domain that may assist in substrate recognition, an interdomain involved in PAN hexamerization, and a C-terminal ATPase domain of the AAA type.
Homohexamer. The hexameric complex has a two-ring architecture resembling a top hat that caps the 20S proteasome core at one or both ends. Upon ATP-binding, the C-terminus of PAN interacts with the alpha-rings of the proteasome core by binding to the intersubunit pockets.
Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible reduction of CoM-S-S-CoB to the thiol-coenzymes H-S-CoM (coenzyme M) and H-S-CoB (coenzyme B).
Catalyzes the methylation of C-1 in cobalt-precorrin-5B to form cobalt-precorrin-6A.
Forms a heterotetramer with UvrA during the search for lesions. Interacts with UvrC in an incision complex.
The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 UvrA and 2 UvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. Upon binding of the UvrA(2)B(2) complex to a putative damaged site, the DNA wraps around one UvrB monomer. DNA wrap is dependent on ATP binding by UvrB and probably causes local melting of the DNA helix, facilitating insertion of UvrB beta-hairpin between the DNA strands. Then UvrB probes one DNA strand for the presence of a lesion. If a lesion is found the UvrA subunits dissociate and the UvrB-DNA preincision complex is formed. This complex is subsequently bound by UvrC and the second UvrB is released. If no lesion is found, the DNA wraps around the other UvrB subunit that will check the other stand for damage.
The beta-hairpin motif is involved in DNA binding.
The beta subunit is responsible for the synthesis of L-tryptophan from indole and L-serine.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. MetG type 1 subfamily.
Is required not only for elongation of protein synthesis but also for the initiation of all mRNA translation through initiator tRNA(fMet) aminoacylation.
Catalyzes the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine by condensation of 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate. This is the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of riboflavin.
Forms an icosahedral capsid composed of 60 subunits, arranged as a dodecamer of pentamers.
Belongs to the thymidylate kinase family.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Heterotetramer of 2 PyrK and 2 PyrD type B subunits.
Responsible for channeling the electrons from the oxidation of dihydroorotate from the FMN redox center in the PyrD type B subunit to the ultimate electron acceptor NAD(+).
Belongs to the CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas1 family.
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat), is an adaptive immune system that provides protection against mobile genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements and conjugative plasmids). CRISPR clusters contain spacers, sequences complementary to antecedent mobile elements, and target invading nucleic acids. CRISPR clusters are transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNA (crRNA). Acts as a dsDNA endonuclease. Involved in the integration of spacer DNA into the CRISPR cassette.
Homodimer, forms a heterotetramer with a Cas2 homodimer.
Belongs to the V-ATPase F subunit family.
Forms an energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporter complex composed of an ATP-binding protein (A component, CbiO), a transmembrane protein (T component, CbiQ) and 2 possible substrate-capture proteins (S components, CbiM and CbiN) of unknown stoichimetry.
Part of the energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporter complex CbiMNOQ involved in cobalt import.
Monomer. The ACDS complex is made up of alpha, epsilon, beta, gamma and delta chains with a probable stoichiometry of (alpha(2)epsilon(2))(4)-beta(8)-(gamma(1)delta(1))(8).
Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible cleavage of acetyl-CoA, allowing autotrophic growth from CO(2). The alpha-epsilon complex generates CO from CO(2), while the beta subunit (this protein) combines the CO with CoA and a methyl group to form acetyl-CoA. The methyl group, which is incorporated into acetyl-CoA, is transferred to the beta subunit by a corrinoid iron-sulfur protein (the gamma-delta complex).
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amidation of deamido-NAD to form NAD. Uses ammonia as a nitrogen source.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family.
Binds and transfers iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters to target apoproteins. Can hydrolyze ATP.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of the adenine ring of phosphoribosyl-AMP.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Composed of three domains: the N-terminal N domain, which is responsible for interactions with the ribosome, the central G domain, which binds GTP, and the C-terminal M domain, which binds the RNA and the signal sequence of the RNC.
Involved in targeting and insertion of nascent membrane proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane. Binds to the hydrophobic signal sequence of the ribosome-nascent chain (RNC) as it emerges from the ribosomes. The SRP-RNC complex is then targeted to the cytoplasmic membrane where it interacts with the SRP receptor FtsY.
Belongs to the thymidine/pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the conversion of AMP and phosphate to adenine and ribose 1,5-bisphosphate (R15P). Exhibits phosphorylase activity toward CMP and UMP in addition to AMP. Functions in an archaeal AMP degradation pathway, together with R15P isomerase and RubisCO.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Forms the clamp head domain.
Belongs to the dethiobiotin synthetase family.
Catalyzes a mechanistically unusual reaction, the ATP-dependent insertion of CO2 between the N7 and N8 nitrogen atoms of 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid (DAPA, also called 7,8-diammoniononanoate) to form a ureido ring.
Belongs to the EIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. MtnA subfamily.
Catalyzes the interconversion of methylthioribose-1-phosphate (MTR-1-P) into methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P).
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the LeuD family. LeuD type 2 subfamily.
Heterotetramer of 2 HacA and 2 HacB proteins.
Hydro-lyase with broad substrate specificity for cis-unsaturated tricarboxylic acids. Catalyzes both the reversible dehydration of (R)-homocitrate ((R)-2-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate) to produce cis-homoaconitate ((Z)-but-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate), and its hydration to homoisocitrate ((1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate). Is also able to hydrate the analogous longer chain substrates cis-homo(2)-aconitate, cis-homo(3)-aconitate. All these reactions are part of the biosynthesis pathway of coenzyme B.
Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
Belongs to the CbiX family. CbiXS subfamily.
Catalyzes the insertion of Co(2+) into sirohydrochlorin as part of the anaerobic pathway to cobalamin biosynthesis. Involved in the biosynthesis of the unique nickel-containing tetrapyrrole coenzyme F430, the prosthetic group of methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR), which plays a key role in methanogenesis and anaerobic methane oxidation. Catalyzes the insertion of Ni(2+) into sirohydrochlorin to yield Ni-sirohydrochlorin.
Belongs to the geranylgeranyl reductase family. DGGGPL reductase subfamily.
Is involved in the reduction of 2,3-digeranylgeranylglycerophospholipids (unsaturated archaeols) into 2,3-diphytanylglycerophospholipids (saturated archaeols) in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids. Catalyzes the formation of archaetidic acid (2,3-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glyceryl phosphate) from 2,3-di-O-geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate (DGGGP) via the hydrogenation of each double bond of the isoprenoid chains.
Reduction reaction proceeds via syn addition of hydrogen for double bonds.
Catalyzes the formation of 4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxaldehyde phosphate (4-HFC-P) from two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-P (GA-3-P).
Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. FecCD subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily.
Function in general translation initiation by promoting the binding of the formylmethionine-tRNA to ribosomes. Seems to function along with eIF-2.
Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family.
Catalyzes the last two sequential reactions in the de novo biosynthetic pathway for UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). Responsible for the acetylation of GlcN-1-P to GlcNAc-1-P, and for the uridyl transfer from UTP to GlcNAc-1-P, to produce UDP-GlcNAc and pyrophosphate (By similarity).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family.
Located on the platform of the 30S subunit.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. NifB family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily.
May function in recognizing stalled ribosomes, interact with stem-loop structures in stalled mRNA molecules, and effect endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA. May play a role in the release non-functional ribosomes and degradation of damaged mRNAs. Has endoribonuclease activity.
The N-terminal domain has the RNA-binding Sm fold. It harbors the endoribonuclease activity.
Belongs to the histidinol dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the sequential NAD-dependent oxidations of L-histidinol to L-histidinaldehyde and then to L-histidine.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL43 family.
Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
Belongs to the acetolactate synthase small subunit family.
Catalyzes the conversion of 2 pyruvate molecules into acetolactate in the first common step of the biosynthetic pathway of the branched-amino acids such as leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB4 RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. This subunit is less well bound than the others.
Part of the RNA polymerase complex. Forms a stalk with Rpo7 that extends from the main structure.
Belongs to the argininosuccinate synthase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. MoaA family.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters. Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine and 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster coordinated with 3 cysteines and the GTP-derived substrate.
Catalyzes the cyclization of GTP to (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate.
Belongs to the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase family.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters. In this family the first cluster has a non-standard and varying [4Fe-4S] binding motif CX(2)CX(2)CX(4-5)CP.
Catalyzes the ferredoxin-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of arylpyruvates.
Heterodimer of the IorA and IorB subunits.
Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). Also edits incorrectly charged Ser-tRNA(Ala) and Gly-tRNA(Ala) via its editing domain.
Consists of three domains; the N-terminal catalytic domain, the editing domain and the C-terminal C-Ala domain. The editing domain removes incorrectly charged amino acids, while the C-Ala domain, along with tRNA(Ala), serves as a bridge to cooperatively bring together the editing and aminoacylation centers thus stimulating deacylation of misacylated tRNAs.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. MTA/SAH deaminase family.
Catalyzes the deamination of three SAM-derived enzymatic products, namely 5'-deoxyadenosine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, and 5'-methylthioadenosine, to produce the inosine analogs. Can also deaminate adenosine. The preferred substrate for this enzyme is 5'-deoxyadenosine, but all these substrates are efficiently deaminated. Likely functions in a S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) recycling pathway from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) produced from SAM-dependent methylation reactions. May also be involved in the recycling of 5'-deoxyadenosine, whereupon the 5'-deoxyribose moiety of 5'-deoxyinosine is further metabolized to deoxyhexoses used for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids in methanogens.
SAH is a product of SAM methyltransferases and is known to be a feedback inhibitor of these enzymes. As a result of this inhibition, organisms have evolved efficient enzymes to metabolize SAH via different pathways. The pathway found in methanogens differs from the canonical pathway, it uses the deamination of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine to form S-inosyl-L-homocysteine for the regeneration of SAM from S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. 5'-deoxyadenosine is a radical SAM enzyme reaction product which strongly inhibits radical SAM enzymes. A pathway for removing this product must be present in methanogens where the MTA/SAH nucleosidase which normally metabolizes this compound is absent.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. ProS type 3 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of proline to tRNA(Pro) in a two-step reaction: proline is first activated by ATP to form Pro-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Pro).
Consists of three domains: the N-terminal catalytic domain, the anticodon-binding domain and the C-terminal extension.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase delta/II small subunit family.
Heterodimer of a large subunit and a small subunit.
Possesses two activities: a DNA synthesis (polymerase) and an exonucleolytic activity that degrades single-stranded DNA in the 3' to 5' direction. Has a template-primer preference which is characteristic of a replicative DNA polymerase.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. They probably participate in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. May bind an additional third magnesium ion after substrate binding.
Interacts with PCNA. PCNA stimulates the nuclease activity without altering cleavage specificity.
Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. Binds the unpaired 3'-DNA end and kinks the DNA to facilitate 5' cleavage specificity. Cleaves one nucleotide into the double-stranded DNA from the junction in flap DNA, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA.
Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. Binds the unpaired 3'-DNA end and kinks the DNA to facilitate 5' cleavage specificity. Cleaves one nucleotide into the double-stranded DNA from the junction in flap DNA, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structurs that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA.
Belongs to the shikimate dehydrogenase family.
Involved in the biosynthesis of the chorismate, which leads to the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Catalyzes the reversible NADPH linked reduction of 3-dehydroshikimate (DHSA) to yield shikimate (SA).
Translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins. It probably replaces EF-Tu for the insertion of selenocysteine directed by the UGA codon. SelB binds GTP and GDP.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family.
Directs the termination of nascent peptide synthesis (translation) in response to the termination codons UAA, UAG and UGA.
Heterodimer of two subunits, one of which binds GTP.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo12/eukaryotic RPC10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 3 family.
Consists of a catalytic RNA component and at least 4-5 protein subunits.
Part of ribonuclease P, a protein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5'-ends.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.
With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits.
Belongs to the NAGSA dehydrogenase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate to yield N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde.
Belongs to the binding-protein-dependent transport system permease family. CysTW subfamily.
Involved in ribosome biogenesis; more specifically in 18S rRNA pseudouridylation and in cleavage of pre-rRNA.
Involved in the cellular defense against the biological effects of O6-methylguanine (O6-MeG) and O4-methylthymine (O4-MeT) in DNA. Repairs the methylated nucleobase in DNA by stoichiometrically transferring the methyl group to a cysteine residue in the enzyme. This is a suicide reaction: the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated.
Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen-III synthase family.
Catalyzes cyclization of the linear tetrapyrrole, hydroxymethylbilane, to the macrocyclic uroporphyrinogen III.
The FO synthase complex consists of two subunits, CofG and CofH.
Belongs to the IPP isomerase type 2 family.
Involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids. Catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP).
Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The archaeal alpha chain is a catalytic subunit.
Belongs to the glutamyl-tRNA reductase family.
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) to glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA).
During catalysis, the active site Cys acts as a nucleophile attacking the alpha-carbonyl group of tRNA-bound glutamate with the formation of a thioester intermediate between enzyme and glutamate, and the concomitant release of tRNA(Glu). The thioester intermediate is finally reduced by direct hydride transfer from NADPH, to form the product GSA.
Possesses an unusual extended V-shaped dimeric structure with each monomer consisting of three distinct domains arranged along a curved 'spinal' alpha-helix. The N-terminal catalytic domain specifically recognizes the glutamate moiety of the substrate. The second domain is the NADPH-binding domain, and the third C-terminal domain is responsible for dimerization.
Belongs to the metallophosphoesterase superfamily. YfcE family.
Belongs to the GGGP/HepGP synthase family. Group II subfamily.
Prenyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of the geranylgeranyl moiety of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the C3 hydroxyl of sn-glycerol-1-phosphate (G1P). This reaction is the first ether-bond-formation step in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids.
Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Part of the FGAM synthase complex composed of 1 PurL, 1 PurQ and 2 PurS subunits.
Belongs to the archaeal dihydroneopterin aldolase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of 7,8-dihydroneopterin (H2Neo) to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin (6-HMD).
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo10/eukaryotic RPB10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase subfamily.
Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. SerB family.
Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL39 family.
Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family.
Belongs to the transaldolase family. Type 3B subfamily.
Transaldolase is important for the balance of metabolites in the pentose-phosphate pathway.
Probably involved in the biogenesis of the ribosome.
Involved in the biosynthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamine. Catalyzes the conversion of NAD and glycine to adenosine diphosphate 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole-2-carboxylate (ADT), an adenylated thiazole intermediate, using free sulfide as a source of sulfur.
Belongs to the transcriptional regulatory CopG/NikR family.
Catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine. May also act on other amino acids.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Cys) synthetase subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of O-phosphoserine (Sep) to tRNA(Cys).
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type-2 seryl-tRNA synthetase subfamily.
Binds 1 Zn(2+) ion per subunit. This ion is coordinated with 2 cysteines, 1 glutamate and a water molecule that dissociates from the zinc ion to allow the coordination of the amino group of the serine substrate, which is essential for catalysis.
Catalyzes the attachment of serine to tRNA(Ser). Is also able to aminoacylate tRNA(Sec) with serine, to form the misacylated tRNA L-seryl-tRNA(Sec), which will be further converted into selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec).
Consists of two distinct domains, a catalytic core and a N-terminal extension that is presumably involved in tRNA binding.
Catalyzes the transfer of diphosphate from ATP to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin (6-HMD), leading to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin diphosphate (6-HMDP).
Belongs to the LDH2/MDH2 oxidoreductase family.
Catalyzes the attachment of tryptophan to tRNA(Trp).
Belongs to the SurE nucleotidase family.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit.
Nucleotidase that shows phosphatase activity on nucleoside 5'-monophosphates.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS17 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS28 family.
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.
Manganese or magnesium. Binds 1 divalent metal ion per monomer in the absence of substrate. May bind a second metal ion after substrate binding.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL20 family.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Binds 23S rRNA.
Homododecamer. The 12 identical subunits form a hollow sphere into which the mineral iron core of up to 300 Fe(3+) can be deposited.
Protects DNA from oxidative damage by sequestering intracellular Fe2+ ion and storing it in the form of Fe3+ oxyhydroxide mineral. One hydrogen peroxide oxidizes two Fe2+ ions, which prevents hydroxyl radical production by the Fenton reaction.
Catalyzes the transformation of pimelate into pimeloyl-CoA with concomitant hydrolysis of ATP to AMP.
Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit. The magnesium is bound as Mg-PRPP.
Catalyzes the conversion of uracil and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) to UMP and diphosphate.
Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.
Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes.
Belongs to the methyl-coenzyme M reductase gamma subunit family.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. FtsY subfamily.
Involved in targeting and insertion of nascent membrane proteins into the cytoplasmic membrane. Acts as a receptor for the complex formed by the signal recognition particle (SRP) and the ribosome-nascent chain (RNC).
Part of the signal recognition particle protein translocation system, which is composed of SRP and FtsY.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase Pus10 family.
Responsible for synthesis of pseudouridine from uracil-54 and uracil-55 in the psi GC loop of transfer RNAs.
Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
Belongs to the 2-phosphoglycerate kinase family.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of 2-phosphoglycerate to 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Involved in the biosynthesis of cyclic 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate, a thermoprotectant.
Heterodimer composed of Spt4 and Spt5. Interacts with RNA polymerase (RNAP).
Belongs to the archaeal N-glycosylase/DNA lyase (AGOG) family.
Contains two alpha-helical subdomains, with the 8-oxoguanine binding site located in a cleft at their interface. Contains a helix-hairpin-helix (HhH) structural motif and a Gly/Pro-rich sequence followed by a conserved Asp (HhH-GPD motif).
DNA repair enzyme that is part of the base excision repair (BER) pathway; protects from oxidative damage by removing the major product of DNA oxidation, 8-oxoguanine (GO), from single- and double-stranded DNA substrates.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Argininosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl protein methyltransferase family.
Catalyzes the methyl esterification of L-isoaspartyl residues in peptides and proteins that result from spontaneous decomposition of normal L-aspartyl and L-asparaginyl residues. It plays a role in the repair and/or degradation of damaged proteins.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
Belongs to the diaminopimelate epimerase family.
Catalyzes the stereoinversion of LL-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate (L,L-DAP) to meso-diaminoheptanedioate (meso-DAP), a precursor of L-lysine.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Forms part of the jaw domain.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase large subunit family.
Heterodimer of a small subunit (PriS) and a large subunit (PriL).
Regulatory subunit of DNA primase, an RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. Stabilizes and modulates the activity of the small subunit, increasing the rate of DNA synthesis, and conferring RNA synthesis capability. The DNA polymerase activity may enable DNA primase to also catalyze primer extension after primer synthesis. May also play a role in DNA repair.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family.
The globular domain of the protein is located near the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit, while an extended beta-hairpin is found that lines the wall of the exit tunnel in the center of the 70S ribosome.
This protein binds specifically to 23S rRNA. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Mevalonate kinase subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of (R)-mevalonate (MVA) to (R)-mevalonate 5-phosphate (MVAP). Functions in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway leading to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), a key precursor for the biosynthesis of isoprenoid compounds such as archaeal membrane lipids.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
Belongs to the CRISPR-associated endoribonuclease Cas2 protein family.
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat), is an adaptive immune system that provides protection against mobile genetic elements (viruses, transposable elements and conjugative plasmids). CRISPR clusters contain sequences complementary to antecedent mobile elements and target invading nucleic acids. CRISPR clusters are transcribed and processed into CRISPR RNA (crRNA). Functions as a ssRNA-specific endoribonuclease. Involved in the integration of spacer DNA into the CRISPR cassette.
Homodimer, forms a heterotetramer with a Cas1 homodimer.
Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.
Belongs to the desulfoferrodoxin family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL37 family.
Belongs to the quinolinate synthase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the condensation of iminoaspartate with dihydroxyacetone phosphate to form quinolinate.
Joins adenosylcobinamide-GDP and alpha-ribazole to generate adenosylcobalamin (Ado-cobalamin). Also synthesizes adenosylcobalamin 5'-phosphate from adenosylcobinamide-GDP and alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family.
Protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA.
Belongs to the archaeal DNA polymerase II family.
Possesses two activities: a DNA synthesis (polymerase) and an exonucleolytic activity that degrades single-stranded DNA in the 3'- to 5'-direction. Has a template-primer preference which is characteristic of a replicative DNA polymerase (By similarity).
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. RIO-type Ser/Thr kinase family.
Belongs to the CDP-archaeol synthase family.
Catalyzes the formation of CDP-2,3-bis-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol (CDP-archaeol) from 2,3-bis-(O-geranylgeranyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate (DGGGP) and CTP. This reaction is the third ether-bond-formation step in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids.
Belongs to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds specifically to the 5'-end of 16S ribosomal RNA.
Pyrophosphatase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates to their monophosphate derivatives, with a high preference for the non-canonical purine nucleotides XTP (xanthosine triphosphate), dITP (deoxyinosine triphosphate) and ITP. Seems to function as a house-cleaning enzyme that removes non-canonical purine nucleotides from the nucleotide pool, thus preventing their incorporation into DNA/RNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions.
Guanylyltransferase that catalyzes the activation of (2S)-2-phospholactate (2-PL) as (2S)-lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine, via the condensation of 2-PL with GTP. It is involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme F420, a hydride carrier cofactor.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
Binds to 23S rRNA. One of the proteins that surrounds the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the ribosome.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Contacts protein L29.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The archaeal beta chain is a regulatory subunit.
Belongs to the beta-RFA-P synthase family.
Catalyzes the condensation of 4-aminobenzoate (pABA) with 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate (PRPP) to produce beta-ribofuranosylaminobenzene 5'-phosphate (beta-RFA-P).
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX and the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ADP, which is converted to AMP. This allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration.
Catalyzes the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ADP, which is converted to AMP. Together with NAD(P)HX epimerase, which catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms, the enzyme allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the NnrD/CARKD family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the NnrE/AIBP family.
Belongs to the acetate uptake transporter (AceTr) (TC 2.A.96) family.
Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.
Probably deamidates glutamine residues to glutamate on methyl-accepting chemotaxis receptors (MCPs), playing an important role in chemotaxis.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
Located at the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit.
One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. MetX family.
Transfers an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to L-homoserine, forming acetyl-L-homoserine.
IGPS catalyzes the conversion of PRFAR and glutamine to IGP, AICAR and glutamate. The HisF subunit catalyzes the cyclization activity that produces IGP and AICAR from PRFAR using the ammonia provided by the HisH subunit.
Belongs to the spermidine/spermine synthase family.
Catalyzes the irreversible transfer of a propylamine group from the amino donor S-adenosylmethioninamine (decarboxy-AdoMet) to putrescine (1,4-diaminobutane) to yield spermidine.
Belongs to the acetylglutamate kinase family. ArgB subfamily.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of N-acetyl-L-glutamate.
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln). The GatDE system is specific for glutamate and does not act on aspartate.
Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatE subfamily.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EIF2G subfamily.
Heterotrimer composed of an alpha, a beta and a gamma chain.
eIF-2 functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA.
Participates in transcription termination.
Belongs to the phosphosulfolactate synthase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth.
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a non-competitive inhibitor that prevents formation of the closed enzyme conformation by binding to the same site as the amobile flap. In contrast, mizoribine monophosphate (MZP) is a competitive inhibitor that induces the closed conformation. MPA is a potent inhibitor of mammalian IMPDHs but a poor inhibitor of the bacterial enzymes. MZP is a more potent inhibitor of bacterial IMPDH.
RNA-free RNase P that catalyzes the removal of the 5'-leader sequence from pre-tRNA to produce the mature 5'-terminus.
Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. BioF subfamily.
Catalyzes the decarboxylative condensation of pimeloyl-[acyl-carrier protein] and L-alanine to produce 8-amino-7-oxononanoate (AON), [acyl-carrier protein], and carbon dioxide.
Converts O-phosphoseryl-tRNA(Sec) to selenocysteinyl-tRNA(Sec) required for selenoprotein biosynthesis.
D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase with broad substrate specificity. By recycling D-aminoacyl-tRNA to D-amino acids and free tRNA molecules, this enzyme counteracts the toxicity associated with the formation of D-aminoacyl-tRNA entities in vivo.
Belongs to the archaeal-type GTP cyclohydrolase family.
Catalyzes the formation of 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-ribofuranosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone ribonucleotide monophosphate and inorganic phosphate from GTP. Also has an independent pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase activity.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly near the 3'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Forms a cluster with proteins L14 and L24e.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the body of the 30S subunit.
Part of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Contacts protein S5. The interaction surface between S4 and S5 is involved in control of translational fidelity.
With S5 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase archaeal type 2 subfamily.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
Removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val).
Belongs to the thymidylate synthase family. Archaeal-type ThyA subfamily.
May catalyze the biosynthesis of dTMP using an unknown cosubstrate.
Catalyzes the attachment of threonine to tRNA(Thr) in a two-step reaction: L-threonine is first activated by ATP to form Thr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Thr). Also edits incorrectly charged L-seryl-tRNA(Thr).
The N-terminal domain is an archaea-specific tRNA-editing domain that hydrolyzes incorrectly charged L-seryl-tRNA(Thr). Catalysis of tRNA editing is performed by the charged tRNA itself.
Binds 4 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ions per subunit.
Belongs to the diphthine synthase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that catalyzes the trimethylation of the amino group of the modified target histidine residue in translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), to form an intermediate called diphthine. The three successive methylation reactions represent the second step of diphthamide biosynthesis.
Contacts the emerging nascent chain on the ribosome.
Homodimer. Interacts with the ribosome. Binds ribosomal RNA.
Belongs to the Mj S-layer protein family.
S-layer protein. The S-layer is a paracrystalline mono-layered assembly of proteins which coat the surface of the cell.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. EngB GTPase family.
Necessary for normal cell division and for the maintenance of normal septation.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 2 family.
Belongs to the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the glutamate synthase family.
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine synthase family.
Catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidative cleavage of spermidine and the subsequent transfer of the butylamine moiety of spermidine to the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine residue of the eIF-5A precursor protein to form the intermediate deoxyhypusine residue.
Belongs to the aldolase class II family. AraD/FucA subfamily.
Involved in the biosynthesis of the coenzyme F420 which requires phospholactate produced via the aldol cleavage of L-fuculose 1-phosphate and the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of (S)-lactaldehyde. Catalyzes the reversible cleavage of L-fuculose 1-phosphate (Fuc1P) to yield dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and S-lactaldehyde.
Belongs to the LysR transcriptional regulatory family.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
Component of the Sec protein translocase complex. Heterotrimer consisting of alpha (SecY), beta (SecG) and gamma (SecE) subunits. The heterotrimers can form oligomers, although 1 heterotrimer is thought to be able to translocate proteins. Interacts with the ribosome. May interact with SecDF, and other proteins may be involved.
The central subunit of the protein translocation channel SecYEG. Consists of two halves formed by TMs 1-5 and 6-10. These two domains form a lateral gate at the front which open onto the bilayer between TMs 2 and 7, and are clamped together by SecE at the back. The channel is closed by both a pore ring composed of hydrophobic SecY resides and a short helix (helix 2A) on the extracellular side of the membrane which forms a plug. The plug probably moves laterally to allow the channel to open. The ring and the pore may move independently.
Catalyzes two sequential steps in the biosynthesis of coenzyme A. In the first step cysteine is conjugated to 4'-phosphopantothenate to form 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine. In the second step the latter compound is decarboxylated to form 4'-phosphopantotheine.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the PPC synthetase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the HFCD (homo-oligomeric flavin containing Cys decarboxylase) superfamily.
Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family. MfnA subfamily.
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of L-tyrosine to produce tyramine for methanofuran biosynthesis. Can also catalyze the decarboxylation of L-aspartate to produce beta-alanine for coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis.
Heterotetramer of one alpha, one beta, one delta and one gamma chain.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase I type 2/NIF3 family.
ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of mutant and abnormal proteins as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins. Degrades polypeptides processively.
Belongs to the peptidase S16 family. Archaeal LonB subfamily.
Homohexamer. Organized in a ring with a central cavity.
Acetylated. Deacetylation by the SIR2-homolog deacetylase may regulate its activity.
Belongs to the histone-like Alba family.
Binds double-stranded DNA tightly but without sequence specificity. It is distributed uniformly and abundantly on the chromosome, suggesting a role in chromatin architecture. However, it does not significantly compact DNA. Binds rRNA and mRNA in vivo. May play a role in maintaining the structural and functional stability of RNA, and, perhaps, ribosomes.
Binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 30S ribosomal subunit to form the 70S initiation complex.
Involved in the regulation of the intracellular balance of NAD and NADP, and is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of NADP. Catalyzes specifically the phosphorylation on 2'-hydroxyl of the adenosine moiety of NAD to yield NADP.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.
Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head.
Belongs to the archaeal rpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family.
Catalytic subunit of DNA primase, an RNA polymerase that catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA molecules used as primers for DNA polymerase during DNA replication. The small subunit contains the primase catalytic core and has DNA synthesis activity on its own. Binding to the large subunit stabilizes and modulates the activity, increasing the rate of DNA synthesis while decreasing the length of the DNA fragments, and conferring RNA synthesis capability. The DNA polymerase activity may enable DNA primase to also catalyze primer extension after primer synthesis. May also play a role in DNA repair.
Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family. RfcL subfamily.
Heteromultimer composed of small subunits (RfcS) and large subunits (RfcL).
Part of the RFC clamp loader complex which loads the PCNA sliding clamp onto DNA.
Catalyzes the four-electron oxidation of UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine (UDP-ManNAc), reducing NAD(+) and releasing UDP-N-acetylmannosaminuronic acid (UDP-ManNAcA).
Although this enzyme belongs to the family of MTA phosphorylases based on sequence homology, it has been shown that conserved amino acid substitutions in the substrate binding pocket convert the substrate specificity of this enzyme from 6-aminopurines to 6-oxopurines.
Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family. MTAP subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of S-methyl-5'-thioinosine (MTI) to hypoxanthine and 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate. Involved in the breakdown of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (MTA), a major by-product of polyamine biosynthesis. Catabolism of (MTA) occurs via deamination to MTI and phosphorolysis to hypoxanthine.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains. Forms complex with the iron protein (nitrogenase component 2).
This molybdenum-iron protein is part of the nitrogenase complex that catalyzes the key enzymatic reactions in nitrogen fixation.
Belongs to the SLC41A transporter family.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Biotin synthase family.
Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and 1 arginine.
Catalyzes the conversion of dethiobiotin (DTB) to biotin by the insertion of a sulfur atom into dethiobiotin via a radical-based mechanism.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the synthesis of the hydroxymethylpyrimidine phosphate (HMP-P) moiety of thiamine from aminoimidazole ribotide (AIR) in a radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM)-dependent reaction.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine synthase family.
Binds 1 S-adenosyl-L-methionine per subunit.
Catalyzes the complex heterocyclic radical-mediated conversion of 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin (CPH4) to 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine (CDG), a step common to the biosynthetic pathways of all 7-deazapurine-containing compounds.
Catalyzes the formation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from ribose 5-phosphate (RBP), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and ammonia. The ammonia is provided by the PdxT subunit. Can also use ribulose 5-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate as substrates, resulting from enzyme-catalyzed isomerization of RBP and G3P, respectively.
In the presence of PdxT, forms a dodecamer of heterodimers.
Interacts with UvrB in an incision complex.
The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrC both incises the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion. The N-terminal half is responsible for the 3' incision and the C-terminal half is responsible for the 5' incision.
Belongs to the V-ATPase V0D/AC39 subunit family.
Belongs to the auxin efflux carrier (TC 2.A.69) family.
Involved in the de novo purine biosynthesis. Catalyzes the transfer of formate to 5-phospho-ribosyl-glycinamide (GAR), producing 5-phospho-ribosyl-N-formylglycinamide (FGAR). Formate is provided by PurU via hydrolysis of 10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate.
Heterodimer of delta and gamma chains. The ACDS complex is made up of alpha, epsilon, beta, gamma and delta chains with a probable stoichiometry of (alpha(2)epsilon(2))(4)-beta(8)-(gamma(1)delta(1))(8).
Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible cleavage of acetyl-CoA, allowing autotrophic growth from CO(2).
Belongs to the FBP aldolase/phosphatase family.
Catalyzes two subsequent steps in gluconeogenesis: the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P) to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), and the dephosphorylation of FBP to fructose-6-phosphate (F6P).
Consists of a single catalytic domain, but remodels its active-site architecture via a large structural change to exhibit dual activities.
Catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the deamination of dCTP to dUTP and the hydrolysis of dUTP to dUMP without releasing the toxic dUTP intermediate.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent transferase that acts as a component of the wyosine derivatives biosynthesis pathway. Catalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino-alpha-carboxypropyl (acp) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to 4-demethylwyosine (imG-14), forming 7-aminocarboxypropyl-demethylwyosine (wybutosine-86) at position 37 of tRNA(Phe).
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 4 family.
The ferredoxin:CoB-CoM heterodisulfide reductase is composed of three subunits; HdrA, HdrB and HdrC.
Converts cobyric acid to cobinamide by the addition of aminopropanol on the F carboxylic group.
ATP-dependent agmatine transferase that catalyzes the formation of 2-agmatinylcytidine (agm2C) at the wobble position (C34) of tRNA(Ile2), converting the codon specificity from AUG to AUA.
Allosterically activated by GTP, when glutamine is the substrate; GTP has no effect on the reaction when ammonia is the substrate. The allosteric effector GTP functions by stabilizing the protein conformation that binds the tetrahedral intermediate(s) formed during glutamine hydrolysis. Inhibited by the product CTP, via allosteric rather than competitive inhibition.
CTPSs have evolved a hybrid strategy for distinguishing between UTP and CTP. The overlapping regions of the product feedback inhibitory and substrate sites recognize a common feature in both compounds, the triphosphate moiety. To differentiate isosteric substrate and product pyrimidine rings, an additional pocket far from the expected kinase/ligase catalytic site, specifically recognizes the cytosine and ribose portions of the product inhibitor.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen. Regulates intracellular CTP levels through interactions with the four ribonucleotide triphosphates.
Belongs to the prokaryotic AdoMetDC family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the decarboxylation of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylmethioninamine (dcAdoMet), the propylamine donor required for the synthesis of the polyamines spermine and spermidine from the diamine putrescine.
Heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta chains arranged as a dimer of alpha/beta heterodimers.
Is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme. Formation of the active enzyme involves a self-maturation process in which the active site pyruvoyl group is generated from an internal serine residue via an autocatalytic post-translational modification. Two non-identical subunits are generated from the proenzyme in this reaction, and the pyruvate is formed at the N-terminus of the alpha chain, which is derived from the carboxyl end of the proenzyme. The post-translation cleavage follows an unusual pathway, termed non-hydrolytic serinolysis, in which the side chain hydroxyl group of the serine supplies its oxygen atom to form the C-terminus of the beta chain, while the remainder of the serine residue undergoes an oxidative deamination to produce ammonia and the pyruvoyl group blocking the N-terminus of the alpha chain.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of glutamate to tRNA(Glu) in a two-step reaction: glutamate is first activated by ATP to form Glu-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Glu).
Catalyzes two activities which are involved in the cyclic version of arginine biosynthesis: the synthesis of N-acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA as the acetyl donor, and of ornithine by transacetylation between N(2)-acetylornithine and glutamate.
Heterotetramer of two alpha and two beta chains.
Some bacteria possess a monofunctional ArgJ, i.e. capable of catalyzing only the fifth step of the arginine biosynthetic pathway.
Belongs to the archaeosine synthase type 1 family.
Belongs to the archaeosine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family.
Exchanges the guanine residue with 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0) at position 15 in the dihydrouridine loop (D-loop) of archaeal tRNAs.
Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster per subunit. This cluster acts as a Lewis acid cofactor.
Functions in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids. Catalyzes the dehydration of (2R,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate (2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylvalerate) into 2-oxo-3-methylpentanoate (2-oxo-3-methylvalerate) and of (2R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate (2,3-dihydroxyisovalerate) into 2-oxo-3-methylbutanoate (2-oxoisovalerate), the penultimate precursor to L-isoleucine and L-valine, respectively.
Belongs to the cytidylate kinase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Part of a complex that catalyzes the reversible cleavage of acetyl-CoA, allowing autotrophic growth from CO(2). Probably maintains the overall quaternary structure of the ACDS complex.
Flavin prenyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of the prenylated FMN cofactor (prenyl-FMN) for 4-hydroxy-3-polyprenylbenzoic acid decarboxylase UbiD. The prenyltransferase is metal-independent and links a dimethylallyl moiety from dimethylallyl monophosphate (DMAP) to the flavin N5 and C6 atoms of FMN.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Homoserine kinase subfamily.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of L-homoserine to L-homoserine phosphate.
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the archaeal NMN adenylyltransferase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wyosine derivatives biosynthesis pathway. Probably methylates N-4 position of wybutosine-86 to produce wybutosine-72.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. KamA family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL40 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Archaeal-type CbiT family.
Catalyzes the methylation of C-15 in cobalt-precorrin-6B followed by the decarboxylation of C-12 to form cobalt-precorrin-7.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RecA-like protein family. RadB subfamily.
Involved in DNA repair and in homologous recombination. May regulate the cleavage reactions of the branch-structured DNA. Has a very weak ATPase activity that is not stimulated by DNA. Binds DNA but does not promote DNA strands exchange.
Belongs to the prefoldin alpha subunit family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
The natural substrate for this enzyme may be peptidyl-tRNAs which drop off the ribosome during protein synthesis.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL11 family.
Forms part of the ribosomal stalk which helps the ribosome interact with GTP-bound translation factors.
Part of the ribosomal stalk of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Interacts with L10 and the large rRNA to form the base of the stalk. L10 forms an elongated spine to which L12 dimers bind in a sequential fashion forming a multimeric L10(L12)X complex.
Catalyzes the condensation of pyruvate and acetyl-coenzyme A to form (R)-citramalate.
Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family.
Specifically methylates the uridine in position 2552 of 23S rRNA at the 2'-O position of the ribose in the fully assembled 50S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL30 family.
Belongs to the AIR carboxylase family. Class I subfamily.
Catalyzes the conversion of N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide (N5-CAIR) to 4-carboxy-5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide (CAIR).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS19 family.
May be involved in maturation of the 30S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the ketol-acid reductoisomerase family.
Involved in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). Catalyzes an alkyl-migration followed by a ketol-acid reduction of (S)-2-acetolactate (S2AL) to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate. In the isomerase reaction, S2AL is rearranged via a Mg-dependent methyl migration to produce 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-ketobutyrate (HMKB). In the reductase reaction, this 2-ketoacid undergoes a metal-dependent reduction by NADPH to yield (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-isovalerate.
Belongs to the threonine synthase family.
Catalyzes the gamma-elimination of phosphate from L-phosphohomoserine and the beta-addition of water to produce L-threonine.
Belongs to the asparaginase 1 family. GatD subfamily.
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family.
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. ArgD subfamily.
Binds 1 pyridoxal phosphate per subunit.
May also have succinyldiaminopimelate aminotransferase activity, thus carrying out the corresponding step in lysine biosynthesis.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. IleS type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of isoleucine to tRNA(Ile). As IleRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as valine, to avoid such errors it has two additional distinct tRNA(Ile)-dependent editing activities. One activity is designated as 'pretransfer' editing and involves the hydrolysis of activated Val-AMP. The other activity is designated 'posttransfer' editing and involves deacylation of mischarged Val-tRNA(Ile).
IleRS has two distinct active sites: one for aminoacylation and one for editing. The misactivated valine is translocated from the active site to the editing site, which sterically excludes the correctly activated isoleucine. The single editing site contains two valyl binding pockets, one specific for each substrate (Val-AMP or Val-tRNA(Ile)).
Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family. Archaeal short subfamily.
Endonuclease that removes tRNA introns. Cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5'- and 3'-splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3' cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. Recognizes a pseudosymmetric substrate in which 2 bulged loops of 3 bases are separated by a stem of 4 bp.
Homotetramer; although the tetramer contains four active sites, only two participate in the cleavage. Therefore, it should be considered as a dimer of dimers.
Belongs to the trans-sulfuration enzymes family.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family. Class III (archaeal) subfamily.
Involved in the biosynthesis of the central metabolite phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) via the transfer of pyrophosphoryl group from ATP to 1-hydroxyl of ribose-5-phosphate (Rib-5-P).
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase IV family.
Converts GTP to 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate, the first intermediate in the biosynthesis of coenzyme methanopterin.
Belongs to the archaeal IMP cyclohydrolase family.
Catalyzes the cyclization of 5-formylamidoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide to IMP.
Belongs to the V-ATPase E subunit family.
Belongs to the beta-class carbonic anhydrase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family.
Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, i.e. the transfer of the 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the C2 position of the imidazole ring of the target histidine residue in translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2).
Belongs to the glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of dihydroxyacetonephosphate (DHAP or glycerone phosphate) to glycerol 1-phosphate (G1P). The G1P thus generated is used as the glycerophosphate backbone of phospholipids in the cellular membranes of Archaea.
Belongs to the CobB/CobQ family. CobQ subfamily.
Catalyzes amidations at positions B, D, E, and G on adenosylcobyrinic A,C-diamide. NH(2) groups are provided by glutamine, and one molecule of ATP is hydrogenolyzed for each amidation.
Belongs to the polysaccharide synthase family.
Part of a complex that catalyzes the formation of methyl-coenzyme M and tetrahydromethanopterin from coenzyme M and methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin. This is an energy-conserving, sodium-ion translocating step. MtrH catalyzes the transfer of the methyl group from methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin to the corrinoid prosthetic group of MtrA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.
A structure-specific endonuclease that resolves Holliday junction (HJ) intermediates during genetic recombination. Cleaves 4-way DNA junctions introducing paired nicks in opposing strands, leaving a 5'-terminal phosphate and a 3'-terminal hydroxyl group that are ligated to produce recombinant products.
Belongs to the Holliday junction resolvase Hjc family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. TrmY family.
Specifically catalyzes the N1-methylation of pseudouridine at position 54 (Psi54) in tRNAs.
Rubredoxin is a small nonheme, iron protein lacking acid-labile sulfide. Its single Fe, chelated to 4 Cys, functions as an electron acceptor and may also stabilize the conformation of the molecule.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Forms a cluster with proteins L3 and L14.
Belongs to the ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase family.
Catalyzes the reversible epimerization of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
Belongs to the RNA 3'-terminal cyclase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the conversion of 3'-phosphate to a 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiester at the end of RNA. The mechanism of action of the enzyme occurs in 3 steps: (A) adenylation of the enzyme by ATP; (B) transfer of adenylate to an RNA-N3'P to produce RNA-N3'PP5'A; (C) and attack of the adjacent 2'-hydroxyl on the 3'-phosphorus in the diester linkage to produce the cyclic end product. The biological role of this enzyme is unknown but it is likely to function in some aspects of cellular RNA processing.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.
Part of the 30S ribosomal subunit. Contacts protein S4.
The N-terminal domain interacts with the head of the 30S subunit; the C-terminal domain interacts with the body and contacts protein S4. The interaction surface between S4 and S5 is involved in control of translational fidelity.
With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy.
Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. PyrE subfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of a ribosyl phosphate group from 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate to orotate, leading to the formation of orotidine monophosphate (OMP).
Belongs to the archaeal FAD synthase family.
Catalyzes the transfer of the AMP portion of ATP to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) to produce flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) coenzyme.
Belongs to the RNA methyltransferase RlmH family.
Specifically methylates the pseudouridine at position 1915 (m3Psi1915) in 23S rRNA.
Belongs to the archaeal-type DHQ synthase family.
Catalyzes the oxidative deamination and cyclization of 2-amino-3,7-dideoxy-D-threo-hept-6-ulosonic acid (ADH) to yield 3-dehydroquinate (DHQ), which is fed into the canonical shikimic pathway of aromatic amino acid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of 7-carboxy-7-deazaguanine (CDG) to 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ(0)).
Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Archaeal shikimate kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
Forms part of the ribosomal stalk, playing a central role in the interaction of the ribosome with GTP-bound translation factors.
Part of the 50S ribosomal subunit. Homodimer, it forms part of the ribosomal stalk which helps the ribosome interact with GTP-bound translation factors. Forms a heptameric L10(L12)2(L12)2(L12)2 complex, where L10 forms an elongated spine to which the L12 dimers bind in a sequential fashion.
Belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate.
Catalyzes the condensation of (S)-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde [(S)-ASA] and pyruvate to 4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate (HTPA).
Was originally thought to be a dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS), catalyzing the condensation of (S)-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde [(S)-ASA] and pyruvate to dihydrodipicolinate (DHDP). However, it was shown in E.coli that the product of the enzymatic reaction is not dihydrodipicolinate but in fact (4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(2S)-dipicolinic acid (HTPA), and that the consecutive dehydration reaction leading to DHDP is not spontaneous but catalyzed by DapB.
Belongs to the GTP-dependent DPCK family.
Catalyzes the GTP-dependent phosphorylation of the 3'-hydroxyl group of dephosphocoenzyme A to form coenzyme A (CoA).
Belongs to the anthranilate synthase component I family.
Heterotetramer consisting of two non-identical subunits: a beta subunit (TrpG) and a large alpha subunit (TrpE).
Part of a heterotetrameric complex that catalyzes the two-step biosynthesis of anthranilate, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of L-tryptophan. In the first step, the glutamine-binding beta subunit (TrpG) of anthranilate synthase (AS) provides the glutamine amidotransferase activity which generates ammonia as a substrate that, along with chorismate, is used in the second step, catalyzed by the large alpha subunit of AS (TrpE) to produce anthranilate. In the absence of TrpG, TrpE can synthesize anthranilate directly from chorismate and high concentrations of ammonia.
Belongs to the archaeal phosphopantothenate synthetase family.
Catalyzes the condensation of (R)-4-phosphopantoate and beta-alanine to 4'-phosphopantothenate in the CoA biosynthesis pathway.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL30 family.
General factor that plays a role in the activation of archaeal genes transcribed by RNA polymerase. Binds specifically to the TATA box promoter element which lies close to the position of transcription initiation.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. ValS type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of valine to tRNA(Val). As ValRS can inadvertently accommodate and process structurally similar amino acids such as threonine, to avoid such errors, it has a 'posttransfer' editing activity that hydrolyzes mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) in a tRNA-dependent manner.
ValRS has two distinct active sites: one for aminoacylation and one for editing. The misactivated threonine is translocated from the active site to the editing site.
Catalyzes the attachment of glycine to tRNA(Gly).
Catalyzes the conversion of (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate to cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate (cPMP).
Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA).
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx6 subfamily.
Homodecamer. Pentamer of dimers that assemble into a ring structure.
The active site is a conserved redox-active cysteine residue, the peroxidatic cysteine (C(P)), which makes the nucleophilic attack on the peroxide substrate. The peroxide oxidizes the C(P)-SH to cysteine sulfenic acid (C(P)-SOH), which then reacts with another cysteine residue, the resolving cysteine (C(R)), to form a disulfide bridge. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by an appropriate electron donor to complete the catalytic cycle. Although the primary sequence of this enzyme is similar to those of the 1-Cys Prx6 enzymes, its catalytic properties resemble those of the typical 2-Cys Prxs and C(R) is provided by the other dimeric subunit to form an intersubunit disulfide. The disulfide is subsequently reduced by thioredoxin.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides.
Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family. RfcS subfamily.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. UPF0219 family.
The N-terminal domain determines nucleotide recognition and specific binding, while the C-terminal domain determines the specific binding to the target protein.
Transfers a GMP moiety from GTP to Mo-molybdopterin (Mo-MPT) cofactor (Moco or molybdenum cofactor) to form Mo-molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide (Mo-MGD) cofactor.
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family. BPG-dependent PGAM subfamily.
Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family. DGGGP synthase subfamily.
Prenyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of the geranylgeranyl moiety of geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the C2 hydroxyl of (S)-3-O-geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate (GGGP). This reaction is the second ether-bond-formation step in the biosynthesis of archaeal membrane lipids.
Contains a C-terminal catalytic domain, and an N-terminal region which modulates catalytic activity.
Involved in chemotaxis. Part of a chemotaxis signal transduction system that modulates chemotaxis in response to various stimuli. Catalyzes the demethylation of specific methylglutamate residues introduced into the chemoreceptors (methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins or MCP) by CheR. Also mediates the irreversible deamidation of specific glutamine residues to glutamic acid.
Phosphorylated by CheA. Phosphorylation of the N-terminal regulatory domain activates the methylesterase activity.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.
DNA ligase that seals nicks in double-stranded DNA during DNA replication, DNA recombination and DNA repair.
Converts O-phospho-L-seryl-tRNA(Cys) (Sep-tRNA(Cys)) to L-cysteinyl-tRNA(Cys) (Cys-tRNA(Cys)).
Reversibly transfers an adenylyl group from ATP to 4'-phosphopantetheine, yielding dephospho-CoA (dPCoA) and pyrophosphate.
Belongs to the 2H phosphoesterase superfamily. ThpR family.
Hydrolyzes RNA 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiester to an RNA 2'-phosphomonoester.
Plays a role in the regulation of phosphate uptake.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL19 family.
Belongs to the autoinducer-2 exporter (AI-2E) (TC 2.A.86) family.
An RNase that has 5'-3' exonuclease activity. May be involved in RNA degradation.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. Archaeal RNase J subfamily.
Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. It is not clear if Zn(2+) or Mg(2+) is physiologically important.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
Belongs to the helicase family. UvrD subfamily.
Belongs to the thiamine-phosphate synthase family.
Condenses 4-methyl-5-(beta-hydroxyethyl)thiazole monophosphate (THZ-P) and 2-methyl-4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl pyrimidine pyrophosphate (HMP-PP) to form thiamine monophosphate (TMP).
Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family.
Plays an important role in the de novo pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP.
Homotrimer. The subunits circularize to form a toroid; DNA passes through its center. Replication factor C (RFC) is required to load the toroid on the DNA.
Sliding clamp subunit that acts as a moving platform for DNA processing. Responsible for tethering the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase and other proteins to DNA during high-speed replication.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 1 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family.
This protein binds to the 23S rRNA, and is important in its secondary structure. It is located near the subunit interface in the base of the L7/L12 stalk, and near the tRNA binding site of the peptidyltransferase center.
Belongs to the aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent formation of L-aspartate-semialdehyde (L-ASA) by the reductive dephosphorylation of L-aspartyl-4-phosphate.