Belongs to the mannose-6-phosphate isomerase type 1 family.
Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions.
Belongs to the putative lipase ROG1 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily.
Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1), a complex that is involved in endosomal cargo sorting.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta chain family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation of protein synthesis and facilitates ribosome binding by inducing the unwinding of the mRNAs secondary structures.
Associates with the respiratory chain complex III/complex IV supercomplex.
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit which plays a role in assembly of respiratory supercomplexes.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 22 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
Belongs to the neutral sphingomyelinase family.
Belongs to the paxM FAD-dependent monooxygenase family.
Component of a multi-subunit COQ enzyme complex, composed of at least COQ3, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7 and COQ9.
FAD-dependent monooxygenase required for the C5-ring hydroxylation during ubiquinone biosynthesis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 3-polyprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid to 3-polyprenyl-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid. The electrons required for the hydroxylation reaction may be funneled indirectly from NADPH via a ferredoxin/ferredoxin reductase system to COQ6.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
Belongs to the ammonia transporter channel (TC 1.A.11.2) family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. DOT1 family.
Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates histone H3 to form H3K79me3. This methylation is required for telomere silencing and for the pachytene checkpoint during the meiotic cell cycle by allowing the recruitment of RAD9 to double strand breaks. Nucleosomes are preferred as substrate compared to free histone.
In contrast to other lysine histone methyltransferases, it does not contain a SET domain, suggesting the existence of another mechanism for methylation of lysine residues of histones.
Ubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1 is required for efficient DOT1 methyltransferase activity on histone H3.
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, the transfer of 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a histidine residue. Diphthamide is a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2 (By similarity).
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, the transfer of 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a histidine residue. Diphthamide is a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2.
The DPH-type metal-binding (MB) domain can bind either zinc or iron ions.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 28 family.
Does not significantly decrease the growth rate under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236).
Probable sterol 3-beta-glucosyltransferase that mediates autophagic degradation of peroxisomes (pexophagy) (By similarity). Also required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagic degradation of mitochondria (mitophagy) and nuclei (nucleophagy) (By similarity).
The GRAM and PH domains are required for the localization of ATG26 to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS) and are involved in autophagy (By similarity).
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 32 family.
Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
Catalyzes the reversible hydration of cis-homoaconitate to (2R,3S)-homoisocitrate, a step in the alpha-aminoadipate pathway for lysine biosynthesis.
Belongs to the poly(A) polymerase family.
Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate.
Essential for vacuolar protein sorting. Required for vacuole biogenesis, stability and to maintain vacuole morphology.
Adds the third glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(2)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.
Belongs to the ALG10 glucosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
Belongs to the helicase family. Dicer subfamily.
Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo3/eukaryotic RPB3 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Has a role in the initiation of DNA replication. Required at S-phase checkpoint (By similarity).
Has a role in the initiation of DNA replication. Required at S-phase checkpoint.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 7 (cellulase C) family.
Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family.
Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation.
Heterotetramer of ERG25, ERG26, ERG27 and ERG28 (By similarity). ERG28 acts as a scaffold to tether ERG27 and other 4,4-demethylation-related enzymes, forming a demethylation enzyme complex, in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
In Fusarium, the biosynthesis pathway of the sterol precursors leading to the prevalent sterol ergosterol differs from yeast. The ringsystem of lanosterol in S.cerevisiae is firstly demethylised in three enzymatic steps leading to the intermediate zymosterol and secondly a methyl group is added to zymosterol by the sterol 24-C-methyltransferase to form fecosterol. In Fusarium, lanosterol is firstly transmethylated by the sterol 24-C-methyltransferase leading to the intermediate eburicol and secondly demethylated in three steps to form fecosterol.
Sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG26 is a catalytic component of the C-4 demethylation complex that catalyzes the conversion of 4,4-dimethylfecosterol into fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Heterodimer with ALG13 to form a functional enzyme.
Involved in protein N-glycosylation. Essential for the second step of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide pathway. Anchors the catalytic subunit ALG13 to the ER.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL12 family.
Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
Involved in the retrieval of endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins from the early Golgi compartment.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
Plasma membrane osmosensor that activates the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK signaling pathway in response to high osmolarity.
Functions as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) for Hsp70 chaperones which accelerates the release of ADP. Required for fully efficient Hsp70-mediated folding of proteins (By similarity).
Functions as a nucleotide exchange factor (NEF) for Hsp70 chaperones which accelerates the release of ADP. Required for fully efficient Hsp70-mediated folding of proteins.
Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 1 family.
Belongs to the oligoribonuclease family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase V0D/AC39 subunit family.
Subunit of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments. This subunit is a non-integral membrane component of the membrane pore domain and is required for proper assembly of the V0 sector. Might be involved in the regulated assembly of V1 subunits onto the membrane sector or alternatively may prevent the passage of protons through V0 pores.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex.
Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. May play a role in changing or maintaining the spatial distribution of cytoskeletal structures.
Belongs to the dynein light chain family.
Cytoplasmic dynein consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits which present intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the sphingosine N-acyltransferase family.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase large subunit family.
DNA primase is the polymerase that synthesizes small RNA primers for the Okazaki fragments made during discontinuous DNA replication.
Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. DDX15/PRP43 sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the concentrative nucleoside transporter (CNT) (TC 2.A.41) family.
The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.
Belongs to the complex I 51 kDa subunit family.
Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type V subfamily.
Belongs to the ThrE exporter (TC 2.A.79) family.
ABC transporter; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). The 2 nonribosomal peptide synthetases NRPS9 and NRPS5 form an assembly line which likely utilizes GABA as a starter unit (loaded on the unique module M1 of NRPS9) and sequentially incorporates seven extender units composed of the residues L-Ala, L-allo-Ile, L-Ser, L-Val, L-Ser, L-Leu and L-Leu, respectively (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). During the process, each of the residues that are tethered on modules M3-M7 of NRPS5 containing an E domain can undergo an epimerization reaction to produce a D-configuration before the transpeptidation reaction occurs (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). The elongation of the peptidyl chain might be terminated by module M8-mediated L-Leu incorporation, followed by R domain-catalyzed 4 electron reduction to release the resulting octapeptide from the assembly line as an alcohol (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). Fusaoctaxin A is cleaved by the cluster specific ABC transporter FGM5 to the pentapeptide fusapentaxin A and the tripeptide fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892). The other enzymes from the cluster, FGM1, FGM2, FGM3 and FGM9 seem not to be involved in the biosynthesis of fusaoctaxin A and their functions have still to be determined (Probable).
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily.
Expression is positively regulated by the cluster-specific transcription factor FGM4 and is induced during infection of coleoptiles of wheat seedlings (PubMed:23266949, PubMed:25333987). The fusaoctaxin A gene cluster is silenced by H3K27 trimethylation by the histone methyltransferase KMT6 (PubMed:31100892).
Leads to reduced virulence (PubMed:23266949, PubMed:30804501). Results in a substantial increase of fusaoctaxin A, and abolishes the production of fusapentaxin A and fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892).
Belongs to the transcriptional coactivator PC4 family.
Delta(14)-sterol reductase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:21436218). Catalyzes the reduction of the C14=C15 double bond within 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienolto produce 4,4-dimethylfecosterol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Expression is increased in the absence of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4.
In contrast to the disruption of ERG24B, does not affect sensitivity to amine fungicides.
Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. MetX family.
Belongs to the WD repeat BOP1/ERB1 family.
Component of the NOP7 complex, composed of ERB1, NOP7 and YTM1. Within the NOP7 complex ERB1 appears to interact directly with NOP7 and YTM1. The NOP7 complex also associates with the 66S pre-ribosome.
Component of the NOP7 complex, which is required for maturation of the 25S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome.
Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack independent of vesicle origin.
Belongs to the fungal hydrophobin family.
Nuclear serine protease which mediates apoptosis.
Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. RRP8 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that specifically methylates the N(1) position of adenine in helix 25.1 in 25S rRNA. Required both for ribosomal 40S and 60S subunits biogenesis. Required for efficient pre-rRNA cleavage at site A2.
Belongs to the dihydroxyacetone kinase (DAK) family.
Catalyzes both the phosphorylation of dihydroxyacetone and of glyceraldehyde.
Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family.
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. CPSF2/YSH1 subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 61 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family.
ATP-independent protease that degrades mitochondrial transit peptides after their cleavage. Also degrades other unstructured peptides.
Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. PreP subfamily.
Degrades mitochondrial transit peptides after their cleavage in the intermembrane space or in the matrix, and presequence peptides; clearance of these peptides is required to keep the presequence processing machinery running (By similarity). Preferentially cleaves the N-terminal side of paired basic amino acid residues (By similarity). Also degrades other unstructured peptides (By similarity). May function as an ATP-dependent peptidase as opposed to a metalloendopeptidase (By similarity).
Monomer and homodimer; homodimerization is induced by binding of the substrate.
May participate in the translocation of oligosaccharide from the cytoplasmic side to the lumenal side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 18S rRNA in the 40S particle.
Belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 53 family.
Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
Involved in determination of the onset of polarized growth and morphogenesis. Plays a role in the regulation of branching in hyphae and spore formation.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. PDR (TC 3.A.1.205) subfamily.
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO2.
Adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent tRNA (uracil-O(2)-)-methyltransferase.
Probable adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet)-dependent tRNA (uracil-O(2)-)-methyltransferase.
Component of the PAN1 actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex required for the internalization of endosomes during actin-coupled endocytosis. The complex links the site of endocytosis to the cell membrane-associated actin cytoskeleton. Mediates uptake of external molecules and vacuolar degradation of plasma membrane proteins. Plays a role in the proper organization of the cell membrane-associated actin cytoskeleton and promotes its destabilization.
Component of the PAN1 actin cytoskeleton-regulatory complex.
Belongs to the TFIIF alpha subunit family.
Adds the eighth mannose residue in an alpha-1,6 linkage onto the dolichol-PP-oligosaccharide precursor (dolichol-PP-Man(7)GlcNAc(2)) required for protein glycosylation.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family.
Belongs to the myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase family.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase epsilon subunit B family.
Component of the peroxisomal translocation machinery.
Belongs to the oxygen-dependent FAD-linked oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the CoA-transferase III family.
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits.
Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains.
Belongs to the PIGG/PIGN/PIGO family. PIGN subfamily.
Ethanolamine phosphate transferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers ethanolamine phosphate to the first alpha-1,4-linked mannose of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol precursor of GPI-anchor (By similarity).
Ethanolamine phosphate transferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers ethanolamine phosphate to the first alpha-1,4-linked mannose of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol precursor of GPI-anchor.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase delta/II small subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL22 family.
Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Plays a role in both the assembly of the exocyst and the polarization of this complex to specific sites of the plasma membrane for exocytosis. Also involved in assembly of the spliceosome (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS12 family.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
Component of several multiprotein Golgi SNARE complexes.
Involved in transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus as well as in intra-Golgi transport. It belongs to a super-family of proteins called t-SNAREs or soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) attachment protein receptor.
Belongs to the NADPH--cytochrome P450 reductase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.
This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450 in microsomes. It can also provide electron transfer to heme oxygenase and cytochrome B5. Involved in ergosterol biosynthesis.
Belongs to the PC-esterase family. CASD1 subfamily.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo6/eukaryotic RPB6 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Hydrolyzes a variety of simple alpha-D-galactoside as well as more complex molecules such as oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Belongs to the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
Highly expressed under trichothecene-producing conditions.
MFS-type transporter; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat.
Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity.
Component of the NDC80 complex, which consists of NDC80, NUF2, SPC24 and SPC25.
Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins.
May be involved in calcium-mediated signal transduction.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family.
Highly specific phosphatase involved in the metabolism of ADP-ribose 1''-phosphate (Appr1p) which is produced as a consequence of tRNA splicing.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Aurora subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 15 family.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit; can use either Mg(2+) or Mn(2+).
Pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes non-canonical purine nucleotides such as inosine triphosphate (ITP), deoxyinosine triphosphate (dITP) or xanthosine 5'-triphosphate (XTP) to their respective monophosphate derivatives. The enzyme does not distinguish between the deoxy- and ribose forms. Probably excludes non-canonical purines from RNA and DNA precursor pools, thus preventing their incorporation into RNA and DNA and avoiding chromosomal lesions.
Activates the ATG1 kinase in a nutritional condition dependent manner through the TOR pathway, leading to autophagy (By similarity). Involved in ATG9 and ATG23 cycling through the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity). Also involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and more specifically in Cvt vesicle formation (By similarity). Seems to play a role in the switching machinery regulating the conversion between the Cvt pathway and autophagy (By similarity). Finally, ATG13 is also required for glycogen storage during stationary phase (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the ATG13 family. Fungi subfamily.
Does not significantly decrease the growth rate under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236). Reduces also strongly the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Hypophosphorylated form interacts with ATG1 to form the ATG1-ATG13 kinase complex (By similarity). The ATG1-ATG13 complex interacts with the ATG17-ATG29-ATG31 complex through direct interaction with ATG17 (By similarity).
Catalyzes the ferrous insertion into protoporphyrin IX.
Belongs to the RNA 3'-terminal cyclase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 12 (cellulase H) family.
Polymerizes chitin, a structural polymer of the cell wall and septum, by transferring the sugar moiety of UDP-GlcNAc to the non-reducing end of the growing chitin polymer.
Belongs to the fungal Na(+)/H(+) exchanger family.
Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 19 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors.
Non-classical phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) transfer protein (PITP), which exhibits PtdIns-binding/transfer activity in the absence of detectable PtdCho-binding/transfer activity. Regulates PtdIns(4,5)P2 homeostasis at the plasma membrane. Heme-binding protein that may play a role in organic oxidant-induced stress responses.
Belongs to the kynurenine formamidase family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-formyl-L-kynurenine to L-kynurenine, the second step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation. Kynurenine may be further oxidized to nicotinic acid, NAD(H) and NADP(H). Required for elimination of toxic metabolites.
The main chain amide nitrogen atoms of the second glycine and its adjacent residue in the HGGXW motif define the oxyanion hole, and stabilize the oxyanion that forms during the nucleophilic attack by the catalytic serine during substrate cleavage.
Required for efficient biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 43 family.
Required for vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 15 family.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase I type 2/NIF3 family.
Global transcriptional regulator of pathogenicity. Regulates many genes during growth in putrescine medium and during infection. Involved in the developmental processes of conidium formation and sexual reproduction and modulates a morphological change that accompanies mycotoxin production.
Results in greatly reduced pathogenicity and loss of trichothecene toxin accumulation in infected wheat plants. Exhibits normal vegetative growth but shows defects in asexual and sexual spore development.
Component of the SPT4-SPT5 complex. Interacts with RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
The SPT4-SPT5 complex mediates both activation and inhibition of transcription elongation, and plays a role in pre-mRNA processing. This complex seems to be important for the stability of the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery on the chromatin template but not for the inherent ability of this machinery to translocate down the gene (By similarity).
The SPT4-SPT5 complex mediates both activation and inhibition of transcription elongation, and plays a role in pre-mRNA processing. This complex seems to be important for the stability of the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery on the chromatin template but not for the inherent ability of this machinery to translocate down the gene.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EFM4 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that mono- and dimethylates elongation factor 1-alpha at 'Lys-316'. May play a role in intracellular transport.
In the 2nd section; belongs to the EPSP synthase family.
In the 3rd section; belongs to the shikimate kinase family.
In the 4th section; belongs to the type-I 3-dehydroquinase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the shikimate dehydrogenase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the dehydroquinate synthase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the sugar phosphate cyclases superfamily. Dehydroquinate synthase family.
The AROM polypeptide catalyzes 5 consecutive enzymatic reactions in prechorismate polyaromatic amino acid biosynthesis.
Belongs to the CorA metal ion transporter (MIT) (TC 1.A.35) family.
Acetylated once deposited into chromatin.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2A.Z forms a heterodimer with H2B. H2A.Z associates with the VPS72/SWC2 subunit of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex. Interacts also with RBP1/DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit (By similarity).
Variant histone H2A which can replace H2A in some nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. This variant is enriched at promoters, it may keep them in a repressed state until the appropriate activation signal is received. Near telomeres, it may counteract gene silencing caused by the spread of heterochromatin proteins. Required for the RNA polymerase II and SPT15/TBP recruitment to the target genes. Involved in chromosome stability (By similarity).
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. BCS1 subfamily.
Allosterically inhibited by 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS).
Catalyzes the first intracellular reaction of sulfate assimilation, forming adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (APS) from inorganic sulfate and ATP. Plays an important role in sulfate activation as a component of the biosynthesis pathway of sulfur-containing amino acids.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the APS kinase family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the APS kinase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family.
The adenylyl-sulfate kinase (APS kinase) is non-functional. It is involved in allosteric regulation by PAPS. PAPS binding induces a large rotational rearrangement of domains lowering the substrate affinity of the enzyme.
Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 4 family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL54 family.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
LSm subunits form a heteromer with a doughnut shape.
Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly, and as component of the precatalytic spliceosome (spliceosome B complex). The heptameric LSM2-8 complex binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL38 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-dependent O-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family. PyrE subfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of a ribosyl phosphate group from 5-phosphoribose 1-diphosphate to orotate, leading to the formation of orotidine monophosphate (OMP).
Forms a one-to-one complex with ATPase to inhibit the enzyme activity completely.
Has kinase activity and phosphorylates inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5) to produce 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate (InsP6), also known as phytate.
Phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 at position 2 to form Ins(1,2,3,4,5,6)P6 (InsP6 or phytate).
The EXKPK motif is conserved in inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinases of both family 1 and 2.
Abolishes the production of fusarielins F, G and H.
Expression is positively regulated by the fusarielin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription factor FSL7, probably via its binding at the 5'-CGGNNNCCG-3' motif present in the promoter of all the cluster genes.
Thioesterase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fusarielins F, G and H, decaketide compounds with 5 methylations and a decaline core that act as mycoestrogens as they stimulate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). The initial compound in the pathway is produced by the reducing polyketide synthase FSL1. FSL1 lacks an active enoyl reductase (ER) domain and biosynthesis of fusarielins relies on the trans-acting enoyl reductase FSL5, before it is released through hydrolysis catalyzed by the thioesterase FSL2 (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). Fusarielins F, G, and H have a C11=C12 cis double bond and is fully reduced between C10 and C11 and between C12 and C13. FSL3 can be involved in the formation of the C11=C12 cis double bond by moving a hypothetical C10=C11 or C12=C13 trans double bond to form prefusarielin (PubMed:27983606). Prefusarielin is oxygenated at C15 and C16 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FSL4, resulting in fusarielin F, which subsequently is epoxidized into fusarielin G by the same enzyme (PubMed:27983606). The final step in the pathway is a reduction of the carboxylic acid moiety to yield fusarielin H via a still undetermined mechanism (PubMed:27983606).
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the second mannose to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.
Belongs to the PheA/TfdB FAD monooxygenase family.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase required for ribosome biogenesis. Involved in the release of U14 snoRNA in pre-ribosomal complexes. Required for pre-rRNA cleavage at site A2 (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX10/DBP4 subfamily.
Interacts with the U3 and U14 snoRNAs. Associates with pre-ribosomal complexes (By similarity).
The Q motif is unique to and characteristic of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases and controls ATP binding and hydrolysis.
Belongs to the asaB hydroxylase/desaturase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 10 (cellulase F) family.
Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose. Plays an important role in causing fusarium head blight (FHB) on cereal crops.
Expression is under the control of transcription factor XYR1 and highly induced by xylan.
Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.
Belongs to the lysophospholipase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL14 family.
Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 39 family.
Transfers mannose from Dol-P-mannose to Ser or Thr residues on proteins.
Forms a homotrimer with a solvated central pore, which is connected laterally to the cytosol through the cavity within each protomer. Acts as a lipid scramblase that uses its central pore to function: the central pore opens laterally to accommodate lipid headgroups, thereby enabling lipid flipping and redistribution of lipids added to the outer leaflet of ATG9-containing vesicles, thereby enabling growth into autophagosomes.
Homotrimer; forms a homotrimer with a central pore that forms a path between the two membrane leaflets.
Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation. Cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and supplies membrane for the growing autophagosome. Lipid scramblase activity plays a key role in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly by distributing the phospholipids that arrive through ATG2 from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion. Required for mitophagy. Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress. Different machineries are required for anterograde trafficking to the PAS during either the Cvt pathway or bulk autophagy and for retrograde trafficking (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236, PubMed:30044782). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236). Required for aerial hyphae development and lipid droplet degradation in response to starvation (PubMed:30044782).
Phosphorylated by ATG1 (By similarity). ATG1 phosphorylation is required for ATG18 interaction and preautophagosome elongation (By similarity).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation (PubMed:28894236). Blocks autophagy (PubMed:30044782).
Belongs to the homogentisate dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IB subfamily.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. GalK subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.
Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.
Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.
Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2 (By similarity). As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine.
Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2. As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 3 family.
May be involved in the degradation of misfolded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit.
Belongs to the acetyl-CoA hydrolase/transferase family.
Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
Involved in the selective degradation of mitochondria via autophagy during starvation and at post-log phase (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the transferase hexapeptide repeat family.
Catalyzes the intermembrane transfer of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC24 subfamily.
Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GNA1 subfamily.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
Catalyzes methylation of the sphingoid base component of glucosylceramides (GluCers) at the C9-position. Sphingolipid C9-methylation requires 4,8-desaturated ceramides as substrates. Glucosylceramides play important roles in growth, differentiation and pathogenicity. The methyl group at the C9-position distinguishes fungal glucosylceramides from those of plants and animals and may thus play a role in host-pathogen interactions enabling the host to recognize the fungal attack and initiate specific defense responses. However, C-9 methylation of GlcCers is not essential for the sensitivity of F.graminearum to plant defensins MsDef1 and RsAFP2.
Produces 65 to 75% nonmethylated and 25 to 35% methylated GlcCers. Exhibits severe growth defects and produces abnormal conidia. Also exhibits drastically reduced disease symptoms in wheat and much-delayed disease symptoms in Arabidopsis thaliana. A double-knockout with its paralog MT1 is not viable.
Acetylated by GCN5 to form H2BK11ac and H2BK16ac. H2BK16ac can also be formed by ESA1. Acetylation of N-terminal lysines and particularly formation of H2BK11acK16ac has a positive effect on transcription (By similarity).
Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
Monoubiquitinated by the UBC2-BRE1 complex to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. H2BK123ub1 also modulates the formation of double-strand breaks during meiosis and is a prerequisite for DNA-damage checkpoint activation (By similarity).
Phosphorylated to form H2BS10ph during progression through meiotic prophase. May be correlated with chromosome condensation (By similarity).
Sumoylation to form H2BK6su or H2BK7su, and probably also H2BK16su or H2BK17su, occurs preferentially near the telomeres and represses gene transcription.
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H2BK6ac = acetylated Lys-8; H2BK6su = sumoylated Lys-8; H2BK7ac = acetylated Lys-9; H2BK7su = sumoylated Lys-9; H2BS10ph = phosphorylated Ser-12; H2BK11ac = acetylated Lys-13; H2BK16ac = acetylated Lys-24; H2BK16su = sumoylated Lys-24; H2BK17su = sumoylated Lys-25; H2BK123ub1 = monoubiquitinated Lys-131.
Belongs to the serine/threonine dehydratase family.
Belongs to the class-IV pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity.
Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS6 family.
Belongs to the WD repeat RBAP46/RBAP48/MSI1 family.
Component of the HAT-B complex composed of at least HAT1 and HAT2. The HAT-B complex binds to histone H4 tail.
Regulatory subunit of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. The complex acetylates 'Lys-12' of histone H4 which is required for telomeric silencing.
Binds specifically to cytosolic chaperonin (c-CPN) and transfers target proteins to it. Binds to nascent polypeptide chain and promotes folding in an environment in which there are many competing pathways for nonnative proteins.
Heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha type and four PFD-beta type subunits.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent, however specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified so far. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Belongs to the MsrB Met sulfoxide reductase family.
Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA12 subunit family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
Belongs to the diphthine synthase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that catalyzes four methylations of the modified target histidine residue in translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), to form an intermediate called diphthine methyl ester. The four successive methylation reactions represent the second step of diphthamide biosynthesis.
Belongs to the gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase family.
Belongs to the archaeal rpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits.
Catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate, which is further processed to form (S)-allantoin.
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCF family. EF3 subfamily.
Belongs to the ALG6/ALG8 glucosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the alkaline phosphatase family.
Belongs to the GMC oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. NOG subfamily.
Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the oligopeptide OPT transporter family.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits. Binds 90S pre-ribosomal particles and dissociates from pre-60S ribosomal particles after processing of 27SB pre-rRNA. Required for the normal formation of 18S rRNA through the processing of pre-rRNAs at sites A0, A1 and A2, and the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs through the processing of pre-rRNAs at sites C1 and C2.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX55/SPB4 subfamily.
Component of pre-60S ribosomal complexes.
Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the archaeal/bacterial/fungal opsin family.
Belongs to the fluoride exporter Fluc/FEX family.
Fluoride channel required for the rapid expulsion of cytoplasmic fluoride.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 16 family.
Binds specifically to the 3'-terminal U-tract of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the complex I 20 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of inosine 5'-phosphate (IMP) to xanthosine 5'-phosphate (XMP), the first committed and rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides, and therefore plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth.
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a non-competitive inhibitor that prevents formation of the closed enzyme conformation by binding to the same site as the amobile flap. In contrast, mizoribine monophosphate (MZP) is a competitive inhibitor that induces the closed conformation. MPA is a potent inhibitor of mammalian IMPDHs but a poor inhibitor of the bacterial enzymes. MZP is a more potent inhibitor of bacterial IMPDH.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
Belongs to the polysaccharide deacetylase family.
Leads to reduced virulence and produces significantly smaller lesions and fewer spikelets with blight symptoms on susceptible wheat cultivars.
Peptidoglycan deacetylase-like protein; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). The 2 nonribosomal peptide synthetases NRPS9 and NRPS5 form an assembly line which likely utilizes GABA as a starter unit (loaded on the unique module M1 of NRPS9) and sequentially incorporates seven extender units composed of the residues L-Ala, L-allo-Ile, L-Ser, L-Val, L-Ser, L-Leu and L-Leu, respectively (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). During the process, each of the residues that are tethered on modules M3-M7 of NRPS5 containing an E domain can undergo an epimerization reaction to produce a D-configuration before the transpeptidation reaction occurs (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). The elongation of the peptidyl chain might be terminated by module M8-mediated L-Leu incorporation, followed by R domain-catalyzed 4 electron reduction to release the resulting octapeptide from the assembly line as an alcohol (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). Fusaoctaxin A is cleaved by the cluster specific ABC transporter FGM5 to the pentapeptide fusapentaxin A and the tripeptide fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892). The other enzymes from the cluster, FGM1, FGM2, FGM3 and FGM9 seem not to be involved in the biosynthesis of fusaoctaxin A and their functions have still to be determined (Probable).
Belongs to the proteasome subunit p27 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 76 family.
Plays a role in the regulation of membrane potential. Could mediate a proton leak (By similarity).
Component of the cytosolic Fe/S protein assembly machinery. Required for maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins. May play a role in the transfer of pre-assembled Fe/S clusters to target apoproteins.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
Diterpenoid pyrones display various biological activities and FDDP E shows anti-HIV activity (PubMed:32286350). FDDP D and FDDP E show also inhibitory activity of 42-mer-amyloid beta aggregation that is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (PubMed:32286350).
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Expression is regulated by the aurofusarin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription factor aurR1/GIP2 (PubMed:16879655, PubMed:16461721). Expression is negatively regulated by the MAPK-mediated osmotic stress-signaling pathway (PubMed:17897620). Expression is also regulated by the CID1 cyclin C-like protein (PubMed:19909822).
Leads to a albinos phanotype and affects conidiation (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:16278459, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:15780665).
Multidomain protein; including a starter unit:ACP transacylase (SAT) that selects the starter unit; a ketosynthase (KS) that catalyzes repeated decarboxylative condensation to elongate the polyketide backbone; a malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MAT) that selects and transfers the extender unit malonyl-CoA; a product template (PT) domain that controls the immediate cyclization regioselectivity of the reactive polyketide backbone; and an acyl-carrier protein (ACP) that serves as the tether of the growing and completed polyketide via its phosphopantetheinyl arm (By similarity).
Non-reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:16278459, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:15780665, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
The C-terminal region is involved in Claisen-type cyclization of the second ring of naphthopyrone.
Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
Belongs to the NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase NDOR1 family.
Interacts with DRE2; as part of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery.
NADPH-dependent reductase which is a central component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Transfers electrons from NADPH via its FAD and FMN prosthetic groups to the [2Fe-2S] cluster of DRE2, another key component of the CIA machinery. In turn, this reduced cluster provides electrons for assembly of cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster proteins. Positively controls H(2)O(2)-induced cell death.
Belongs to the Clp1 family. NOL9/GRC3 subfamily.
Polynucleotide 5'-kinase involved in rRNA processing.
Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family.
Probably involved in transport through the plasma membrane.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFS5 subunit family.
The glycine cleavage system catalyzes the degradation of glycine.
The glycine cleavage system is composed of four proteins: P, T, L and H.
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eIF-2B alpha/beta/delta subunits family. MtnA subfamily.
Catalyzes the interconversion of methylthioribose-1-phosphate (MTR-1-P) into methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P).
Belongs to the CSN7/EIF3M family. CSN7 subfamily.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo12/eukaryotic RPC10 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1.
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising KTI11/DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1. Acts as an electron donor to reduce the Fe-S cluster in DPH1-DPH2 keeping the [4Fe-4S] clusters in the active and reduced state. Restores iron to DPH1-DPH2 iron-sulfur clusters which have degraded from [4Fe-4S] to [3Fe-4S] by donating an iron atom to reform [4Fe-4S] clusters, in a manner dependent on the presence of elongation factor 2 and SAM. Associates with the elongator complex and is required for tRNA Wobble base modifications mediated by the elongator complex. The elongator complex is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s 2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine).
The DPH-type metal-binding (MB) domain can also bind zinc. However, iron is the physiological binding partner as zinc binding impairs the protein electron donor function.
GTPase-activating protein for the ADP ribosylation factor family.
Belongs to the kinesin light chain family.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class CDC14 subfamily.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL53 family.
Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class I subfamily.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CHEK2 subfamily.
Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
Component of the ESCRT-II complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs.
Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II).
Belongs to the transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel family.
Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
High-conductance magnesium-selective channel that mediates the influx of magnesium into the mitochondrial matrix. Essential for the splicing of mRNA group II introns in mitochondria by affecting mitochondrial magnesium concentrations, which are critical for group II intron splicing. It also suppresses a variety of mitochondrial intron mutations and its absence may disturb the assembly of mitochondrial membrane complexes.
Homopentamer. Forms homooligomers. Interacts with MFM1.
Plays an important role in the control of DNA replication and the maintenance of replication fork stability.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS13 family.
Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase proteolipid subunit family.
Proton-conducting pore forming of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex (components: a, c, c', c'', d, e, f and VOA1). The decameric c-ring forms the proton-conducting pore, and is composed of eight proteolipid subunits c, one subunit c' and one subunit c''.
Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily.
Has aminopeptidase activity, shortening substrate peptides sequentially by 1 amino acid. Has bleomycin hydrolase activity, which can protect the cell from the toxic effects of bleomycin. Has homocysteine-thiolactonase activity, protecting the cell against homocysteine toxicity.
Homohexamer. Binds to nucleic acids. Binds single-stranded DNA and RNA with higher affinity than double-stranded DNA.
The normal physiological role of the enzyme is unknown, but it is not essential for the viability of yeast cells. Has aminopeptidase activity, shortening substrate peptides sequentially by 1 amino acid. Has bleomycin hydrolase activity, which can protect the cell from the toxic effects of bleomycin. Has homocysteine-thiolactonase activity, protecting the cell against homocysteine toxicity. Acts as a repressor in the GAL4 regulatory system, but this does not require either the peptidase or nucleic acid-binding activities.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
Associates with DNA double-strand breaks.
Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates histone H2A to form H2AS128ph (gamma-H2A) at sites of DNA damage, involved in the regulation of DNA damage response mechanism. Required for the control of telomere length and genome stability.
Plays an essential role in initiation of the G0 program by preventing the degradation of specific nutrient-regulated mRNAs via the 5'-3' mRNA decay pathway.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL43 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL30 family.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
Acyl-CoA binding protein which acts as the peroxisome receptor for pexophagy (By similarity). Required for both micropexophagy and macropexophagy, but not for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) or autophagy pathways (By similarity). Required for functional micropexophagic apparatus (MIPA) and relocation of ATG11 to the peroxisome-sequestering arms of the vacuole (By similarity). Binds palmytoyl-CoA but not oleyl-CoA (By similarity).
Belongs to the chorismate synthase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 17 family.
Assembly factor required for Rieske Fe-S protein RIP1 incorporation into the cytochrome b-c1 (CIII) complex. Functions as a chaperone, binding to this subunit within the mitochondrial matrix and stabilizing it prior to its translocation and insertion into the late CIII dimeric intermediate within the mitochondrial inner membrane. Modulates the mitochondrial matrix zinc pool.
Belongs to the complex I LYR family. MZM1 subfamily.
Belongs to the copper transporter (Ctr) (TC 1.A.56) family. SLC31A subfamily.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Acts as a regulatory subunit for PP2A-like phosphatases modulating their activity or substrate specificity, probably by inducing a conformational change in the catalytic subunit, a direct target of the PPIase. Can reactivate inactive phosphatase PP2A-phosphatase methylesterase complexes (PP2Ai) in presence of ATP and Mg(2+) by dissociating the inactive form from the complex (By similarity).
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Acts as a regulatory subunit for PP2A-like phosphatases modulating their activity or substrate specificity, probably by inducing a conformational change in the catalytic subunit, a direct target of the PPIase. Can reactivate inactive phosphatase PP2A-phosphatase methylesterase complexes (PP2Ai) in presence of ATP and Mg(2+) by dissociating the inactive form from the complex.
Transcription factor involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation. May function in both SPT15/TBP post-recruitment and recruitment steps of transcription (By similarity).
Belongs to the proteasome subunit p55 family.
Belongs to the PEP-utilizing enzyme family.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 4 family.
Belongs to the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein A family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. Alanine aminotransferase subfamily.
Belongs to the CND2 (condensin subunit 2) family.
Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes.
Allosterically activated by ADP, AMP, or fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, and allosterically inhibited by ATP or citrate.
Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade "E" sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the phosphofructokinase type A (PFKA) family. ATP-dependent PFK group I subfamily. Eukaryotic two domain clade 'E' sub-subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of D-fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate by ATP, the first committing step of glycolysis.
Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family.
GTPase involved in activation of the TORC1 signaling pathway, which promotes growth and represses autophagy in nutrient-rich conditions.
Belongs to the Orn/Lys/Arg decarboxylase class-II family.
Mediates inactivation of the TORC1 complex in response to amino acid starvation. Required for meiotic nuclear division.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of complex carboxylic polyesters found in the cell wall of plants. Degrades cutin, a macromolecule that forms the structure of the plant cuticle.
Inclusion body (IB) resident protein that interacts strongly with lipid droplet (LD) proteins. Involved in LD-mediated IB clearing after protein folding stress, probably by enabling access to the IBs of an LD-stored soluble sterol derivative that acts as chaperone in inclusion clearing.
Hydrolyzes deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) to the corresponding nucleoside monophosphates. Has a strong preference for dCTP and its analogs including 5-iodo-dCTP and 5-methyl-dCTP for which it may even have a higher efficiency. May protect DNA or RNA against the incorporation of these genotoxic nucleotide analogs through their catabolism.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS10 family.
Involved in mitochondrial genome encoded proteins translation. Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes (By similarity).
Part of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the beta-class carbonic anhydrase family.
Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK3 subfamily.
Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon GTP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent GTP hydrolysis.
Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. Has GTP:AMP phosphotransferase and ITP:AMP phosphotransferase activities.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Lipoyl synthase family.
Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters per subunit. One cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives.
Key component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur cluster into apoproteins specifically involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity. In the CIA complex, MMS19 acts as an adapter between early-acting CIA components and a subset of cellular target iron-sulfur proteins.
Component of the cleavage factor I (CF I) involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end processing.
Belongs to the copper/topaquinone oxidase family.
Topaquinone (TPQ) is generated by copper-dependent autoxidation of a specific tyrosyl residue.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. BUD32 family.
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least BUD32, CGI121, GON7, KAE1 and PCC1; the whole complex dimerizes.
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. BUD32 has ATPase activity in the context of the EKC/KEOPS complex and likely plays a supporting role to the catalytic subunit KAE1. The EKC/KEOPS complex also promotes both telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. The complex is required for efficient recruitment of transcriptional coactivators.
This protein is considered an atypical serine/threonine kinase, because it lacks the conventional structural elements necessary for the substrate recognition as well as a lysine residue that in all other serine/threonine kinases participates in the catalytic event (By similarity). BUD32 has protein kinase activity in vitro, but in the context of the EKC/KEOPS complex, the catalytic subunit KAE1 switches the activity of BUD32 from kinase into ATPase (By similarity).
Adenine glycosylase active on G-A mispairs.
Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic10 family.
Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane.
Component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the fungal cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
RNA-binding nucleolar protein required for pre-rRNA processing. Involved in production of 18S rRNA and assembly of small ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type III PI4K subfamily.
Belongs to the polyketide transferase af380 family.
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. ISWI subfamily.
Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
5'->3' double-stranded DNA exonuclease which may also possess a cryptic 3'->5' double-stranded DNA exonuclease activity. Functions in DNA mismatch repair.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. EXO1 subfamily.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. They probably participate in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. May bind an additional third magnesium ion after substrate binding.
Belongs to the dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase family. MAT2B subfamily.
Involved in the early part of the secretory pathway.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS15 family.
Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.
The Rieske protein is a high potential 2Fe-2S protein.
Belongs to the vitamin-B12 independent methionine synthase family.
Catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine resulting in methionine formation.
Required for 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs.
Required for 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Also involved in chromosome segregation where it has a role in chromosome attachment to the mitotic spindle (By similarity).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
Belongs to the tRNA pseudouridine synthase TruA family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
Responsible for the formation of the pyrimidine heterocycle in the thiamine biosynthesis pathway. Catalyzes the formation of hydroxymethylpyrimidine phosphate (HMP-P) from histidine and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP). The protein uses PLP and the active site histidine to form HMP-P, generating an inactive enzyme. The enzyme can only undergo a single turnover, which suggests it is a suicide enzyme.
Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
Constituent of COPII-coated endoplasmic reticulum-derived transport vesicles. Required for efficient transport of a subset of secretory proteins to the Golgi. Facilitates retrograde transport from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
Belongs to the peptidase C2 family. PalB/RIM13 subfamily.
Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel.
Belongs to the aerobic coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.
Interacts with PCNA. Three molecules of FG10789.1 bind to one PCNA trimer with each molecule binding to one PCNA monomer. PCNA stimulates the nuclease activity without altering cleavage specificity.
Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation upon DNA damage induces relocalization to the nuclear plasma.
Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.
Belongs to the UPL family. K-HECT subfamily.
Leads to increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and raduces the virulence toward wheat plants (PubMed:17056706).
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module (By similarity). Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product (By similarity). Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme (By similarity). Occasionally, methyltransferase domains (responsible for amino acid methylation) are present within the NRP synthetase (By similarity). NPS6 contains a degenerate A domain (dA) in the second module and has the following architecture: A-T-C-dA-T-T-C (PubMed:17056706).
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of hydroxamate-containing siderophores that play a critical role in virulence (PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875). Gibberella zeae produces extracellular coprogen-type siderophores as well as the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin (PubMed:17056706). The role of extracellular siderophores is to supply iron to the fungus during plant infection, and the intracellular ferricrocin is required for intracellular iron distribution and storage with a crucial role in ascus and ascospore development (PubMed:17056706, PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875). SID1 catalyzes the conversion of L-ornithine to N(5)-hydroxyornithine, the first step in the biosynthesis of all hydroxamate-containing siderophores (PubMed:20507510). The assembly of extracellular coprogen-type siderophores is performed by the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) NPS6 whereas the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin is assembled by NPS2 (PubMed:17056706, PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875).
Involved in the catabolism of quinolinic acid (QA).
Catalyzes the synthesis of 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) from succinyl-CoA and glycine, the first and rate-limiting step in heme biosynthesis.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase H subfamily.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity).
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
Belongs to the metallophosphoesterase superfamily. Purple acid phosphatase family.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthases family.
Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
Belongs to the 2H phosphoesterase superfamily. USB1 family.
Phosphodiesterase responsible for the U6 snRNA 3' end processing. Acts as an exoribonuclease (RNase) responsible for trimming the poly(U) tract of the last nucleotides in the pre-U6 snRNA molecule, leading to the formation of mature U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the xanthine dehydrogenase family.
Binds 1 Mo-molybdopterin (Mo-MPT) cofactor per subunit.
Belongs to the AP endonuclease 2 family.
Belongs to the nitrite and sulfite reductase 4Fe-4S domain family.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. ULA1 subfamily.
Regulatory subunit of the dimeric UBA3-ULA1 E1 enzyme.
Component of the pre-66S ribosomal particle.
Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.
Belongs to the alpha-IPM synthase/homocitrate synthase family.
Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28A subfamily.
Belongs to the UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
Squalene synthase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG9 produces squalene from 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. YAT (TC 2.A.3.10) family.
Belongs to the NtaA/SnaA/DszA monooxygenase family.
Belongs to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase/NADH oxidase family. NamA subfamily.
NADH:flavin oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. CGI121 acts as an allosteric effector that regulates the t(6)A activity of the complex. The EKC/KEOPS complex also promotes both telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. The complex is required for efficient recruitment of transcriptional coactivators. CGI121 is not required for tRNA modification (By similarity).
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. CGI121 acts as an allosteric effector that regulates the t(6)A activity of the complex. The EKC/KEOPS complex also promotes both telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. The complex is required for efficient recruitment of transcriptional coactivators. CGI121 is not required for tRNA modification.
Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family.
Conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) leads to homodimerization (By similarity). Interacts with ATG1, ATG3, ATG4, ATG7 and ATG12 (By similarity).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation (PubMed:28894236). Reduces also strongly the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The C-terminal Glu-117 and Ala-118 residues of ATG8 are removed by ATG4 to expose Gly-116 at the C-terminus (By similarity). This Gly-116 forms then a thioester bond with the 'Cys-550' of ATG7 (E1-like activating enzyme) before being transferred to the 'Cys-244' of ATG3 (the specific E2 conjugating enzyme), in order to be finally amidated with phosphatidylethanolamine (By similarity). This lipid modification anchors ATG8 to membranes and can be reversed by ATG4, releasing soluble ATG8 (By similarity).
Ubiquitin-like modifier involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicles and autophagosomes formation (By similarity). With ATG4, mediates the delivery of the vesicles and autophagosomes to the vacuole via the microtubule cytoskeleton (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (By similarity). Participates also in membrane fusion events that take place in the early secretory pathway (By similarity). Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress (By similarity). The ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal membrane during autophagy (By similarity). Moreover not only conjugation, but also subsequent ATG8-PE deconjugation is an important step required to facilitate multiple events during macroautophagy, and especially for efficient autophagosome biogenesis, the assembly of ATG9-containing tubulovesicular clusters into phagophores/autophagosomes, and for the disassembly of PAS-associated ATG components (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
Belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the PA-phosphatase related phosphoesterase family.
Belongs to the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase family.
Key enzyme for ketone body catabolism. Transfers the CoA moiety from succinate to acetoacetate. Formation of the enzyme-CoA intermediate proceeds via an unstable anhydride species formed between the carboxylate groups of the enzyme and substrate.
Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 63 family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 11 family.
Intracellular phospholipase B that catalyzes the double deacylation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to glycerophosphocholine (GroPCho). Plays an important role in membrane lipid homeostasis. Responsible for the rapid PC turnover in response to inositol, elevated temperatures, or when choline is present in the growth medium.
Self-associates. Interacts with PAC1 (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL13 family.
Functions as actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit alpha family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS11 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 31 family.
Belongs to the chaperonin (HSP60) family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 32 family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Required for the processing and cleavage of 35S pre-rRNA at sites A0, A1, and A2, leading to mature 18S rRNA.
Associates in the nucleolus with the 60S and pre-60S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX18/HAS1 subfamily.
Required for pre-18S rRNA processing. May bind microtubules.
Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-III subfamily.
Necessary for protein synthesis in mitochondria. Functions as a ribosome recycling factor in mitochondria.
Glucosidase involved in the degradation of cellulosic biomass. Has both alpha- and beta-glucosidase activity.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family.
Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. MAK3 subfamily.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-X family.
DNA polymerase that functions in several pathways of DNA repair. Involved in base excision repair (BER) responsible for repair of lesions that give rise to abasic (AP) sites in DNA. Also contributes to DNA double-strand break repair by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination. Has both template-dependent and template-independent (terminal transferase) DNA polymerase activities. Has also a 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity.
During the catalytic reaction, a sulfide is transferred from Cys-211 to a reaction intermediate, generating a dehydroalanine residue.
Involved in biosynthesis of the thiamine precursor thiazole. Catalyzes the conversion of NAD and glycine to adenosine diphosphate 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole-2-carboxylic acid (ADT), an adenylated thiazole intermediate. The reaction includes an iron-dependent sulfide transfer from a conserved cysteine residue of the protein to a thiazole intermediate. The enzyme can only undergo a single turnover, which suggests it is a suicide enzyme. May have additional roles in adaptation to various stress conditions and in DNA damage tolerance.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. MenG/UbiE family.
Methyltransferase required for the conversion of 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DDMQH2) to 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2).
Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family.
Catalyzes the reversible reaction in which hydroxymethyl group from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate is transferred onto alpha-ketoisovalerate to form ketopantoate.
Belongs to the GST superfamily. Zeta family.
Functions as a sorting receptor in the Golgi compartment required for the intracellular sorting and delivery of soluble vacuolar proteins, like carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) and proteinase A. Executes multiple rounds of sorting by cycling between the late Golgi and a prevacuolar endosome-like compartment.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ran family.
GTP-binding protein involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Required for the import of protein into the nucleus and also for RNA export. Involved in chromatin condensation and control of cell cycle.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.
Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the intradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenase family.
Required for 60S pre-ribosomal subunits export to the cytoplasm.
Belongs to the STE12 transcription factor family.
Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family. Sterol o-acyltransferase subfamily.
Sterol O-acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of stery esters.
Multidomain protein; including a starter unit:ACP transacylase (SAT) that selects the starter unit; a ketosynthase (KS) that catalyzes repeated decarboxylative condensation to elongate the polyketide backbone; a malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MAT) that selects and transfers the extender unit malonyl-CoA; a product template (PT) domain that controls the immediate cyclization regioselectivity of the reactive polyketide backbone; a methyltransferase (CMeT) domain responsible for methylations; and an acyl-carrier protein (ACP) that serves as the tether of the growing and completed polyketide via its phosphopantetheinyl arm.
Non-reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class V subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 28 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the MoaC family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. MoaA family.
Belongs to the NiCoT transporter (TC 2.A.52) family.
Belongs to the Necrosis inducing protein (NPP1) family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M41 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex composed of HSE1 and VPS27.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex which is the sorting receptor for ubiquitinated cargo proteins at the multivesicular body (MVB) and recruits ESCRT-I to the MVB outer membrane.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
Expression is under the control of transcription factor XYR1 and highly induced by xylan, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and hop cell wall.
Weakly inhibited by the wheat xylanase inhibiting protein I (XIP-I).
Component of the microsomal membrane bound fatty acid elongation system, which produces the 26-carbon very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) from palmitate. Catalyzes the reduction of the 3-ketoacyl-CoA intermediate that is formed in each cycle of fatty acid elongation. VLCFAs serve as precursors for ceramide and sphingolipids.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA13 subunit family.
Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis.
Transcription factor that regulates the expression of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat.
Belongs to the PIGG/PIGN/PIGO family. PIGO subfamily.
Component of the GINS complex which is a heterotetramer of SLD5, PSF1, PSF2 and PSF3.
The GINS complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication.
The GINS complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication. Has a role in chromosome segregation (By similarity).
Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL4 family.
FAD-linked oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment chrysogine (PubMed:28708398). Pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are likely substrates for the nonribosomal peptide synthetase chry1/NRPS14, with pyruvic acid adenylated by the first A domain and anthranilic acid by the second (Probable). If pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are merged and released from chry1/NRPS14 by hydrolysis, a subsequent amidation would lead to 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide (Probable). This process is probably catalyzed by the amidotransferase chry2 using glutamine as amino donor (Probable). The dehydrogenase chry5 that has a terminal berberine bridge domain for C-N cyclization could catalyze the cyclization of 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide to yield acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone (Probable). A final reduction of acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone catalyzed by the oxidoreductase chry4 would result in chrysogine (Probable).
Involved in the initiation of assembly of the COPII coat required for the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the selection of cargo molecules. Also involved in autophagy.
Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular proteins.
Belongs to the tellurite-resistance/dicarboxylate transporter (TDT) family.
Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family. 6-phosphogluconolactonase subfamily.
Hydrolysis of 6-phosphogluconolactone to 6-phosphogluconate.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS14 family.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. LCMT family.
Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. May methylate the carboxyl group of leucine residues to form alpha-leucine ester residues (By similarity).
Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. May methylate the carboxyl group of leucine residues to form alpha-leucine ester residues.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the DHPS family.
Pre-mRNA polyadenylation factor that directly interacts with poly(A) polymerase.
RNA-binding protein involved in post-transcriptional regulation through transcript degradation.
Microtubule binding protein that promotes the stabilization of dynamic microtubules. Required for mitotic spindle formation (By similarity).
Microtubule binding protein that promotes the stabilization of dynamic microtubules. Required for mitotic spindle formation.
Belongs to the V-ATPase G subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment.
Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase eukaryotic type 2 subfamily.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Has a high-affinity and a low affinity metal-binding site. The true nature of the physiological cofactor is under debate. The enzyme is active with cobalt, zinc, manganese or divalent iron ions. Most likely, methionine aminopeptidases function as mononuclear Fe(2+)-metalloproteases under physiological conditions, and the catalytically relevant metal-binding site has been assigned to the histidine-containing high-affinity site.
Cotranslationally removes the N-terminal methionine from nascent proteins. The N-terminal methionine is often cleaved when the second residue in the primary sequence is small and uncharged (Met-Ala-, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ser, Thr, or Val).
Belongs to the polysaccharide lyase 3 family.
Pectinolytic enzyme consist of four classes of enzymes: pectin lyase, polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase and rhamnogalacturonase. Among pectinolytic enzymes, pectin lyase is the most important in depolymerization of pectin, since it cleaves internal glycosidic bonds of highly methylated pectins. Favors pectate, the anion, over pectin, the methyl ester.
Has a dual role in the assembly of mitochondrial ATPase. Acts as a protease that removes N-terminal residues of mitochondrial ATPase CF(0) subunit 6 at the intermembrane space side. Also involved in the correct assembly of the membrane-embedded ATPase CF(0) particle, probably mediating association of subunit 6 with the subunit 9 ring.
Belongs to the fungal fatty acid synthetase subunit beta family.
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. DEGS subfamily.
Delta(4)-fatty-acid desaturase which introduces a double bond at the 4-position in the long-chain base (LCB) of ceramides.
Belongs to the ETF beta-subunit/FixA family.
The electron transfer flavoprotein serves as a specific electron acceptor for several dehydrogenases, including five acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase).
Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH1 subfamily.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1.
Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network.
Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family. Azg-like subfamily.
Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit.
Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. KAE1 likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction, but requires other protein(s) of the complex to fulfill this activity. The EKC/KEOPS complex also promotes both telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. The complex is required for efficient recruitment of transcriptional coactivators.
Belongs to the lysine N-acyltransferase MbtK family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL34 family.
Belongs to the NADH dehydrogenase family.
Functions as actin-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Seems to contact the mother actin filament.
Belongs to the CND1 (condensin subunit 1) family.
Regulatory subunit of the condensin complex, a complex required for conversion of interphase chromatin into mitotic-like condense chromosomes. The condensin complex probably introduces positive supercoils into relaxed DNA in the presence of type I topoisomerases and converts nicked DNA into positive knotted forms in the presence of type II topoisomerases.
Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded and unassembled polypeptides in the peroxisomal matrix. Necessary for type 2 peroxisome targeting signal (PTS2)-containing protein processing and facilitates peroxisome matrix protein import.
May function both as a monomer and a homodimer.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL18 family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. CWC27 subfamily.
PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. Involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity).
Involved in cell fusion during mating by stabilizing the plasma membrane fusion event.
Functions in both vacuole inheritance and protein targeting from the cytoplasm to vacuole.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL2 subfamily.
May catalyze the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides thereby assisting the folding of proteins. May also function as a chaperone, playing a role in intracellular transport of proteins. May also have a protein ubiquitin ligase activity acting as an E3 ubiquitin protein ligase or as a ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase promoting elongation of ubiquitin chains on proteins.
Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. ATZ/TRZ family.
Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of guanine, producing xanthine and ammonia.
Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.
Transcription regulator that specifically up-regulates the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fusarielins F, G and H, decaketide compounds with 5 methylations and a decaline core that act as mycoestrogens as they stimulate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (PubMed:22252016). Probably binds the 5'-CGGNNNCCG-3' motif present in the promoter of all the cluster genes (PubMed:22252016).
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. RIO-type Ser/Thr kinase family.
Belongs to the trans-sulfuration enzymes family.
AbaA and wetA are pivotal regulators of conidiophore development and conidium maturation (By similarity). They act individually and together to regulate their own expression and that of numerous other sporulation-specific genes (By similarity). Binds to the sequence 5'-CATTCY-3', where Y is a pyrimidine, making both major- and minor-groove contacts (By similarity). Plays a pivotal role in conidiation by regulating cell cycle pathways and other conidiation-related genes (PubMed:24039821).
Expression is positively regulated by flbD (PubMed:25277408).
Leads to abnormally shaped phialides and abolishes production of conidia (PubMed:24039821).
The COPII coat is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex, and the protein SAR1. SEC13 and SEC31 make a 2:2 tetramer that forms the edge element of the COPII outer coat. The tetramer self-assembles in multiple copies to form the complete polyhedral cage. Interacts (via WD 8) with SEC13.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
Major facilitator transporter involved in extracellular siderophore uptake (PubMed:20507510). Gibberella zeae produces extracellular coprogen-type siderophores as well as the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin (PubMed:17056706). The role of extracellular siderophores is to supply iron to the fungus during plant infection, and the intracellular ferricrocin is required for intracellular iron distribution and storage with a crucial role in ascus and ascospore development (PubMed:17056706, PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875).
Not expressed during infection (PubMed:20507510).
May play a role in anterograde transport of membrane proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Mevalonate kinase subfamily.
Mevalonate kinase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG12 converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate (By similarity). The second module is carried out in the vacuole and involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins. Activity by the mevalonate kinase ERG12 (FG05912) first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate. 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5-diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase ERG8 (FG09764). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ERG19 (FG10424) then produces isopentenyl diphosphate. The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 (FG09722) then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase ERG20 (FG06784) catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (Probable).
Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family.
Belongs to the peroxiredoxin family. Prx5 subfamily.
Thiol-specific peroxidase that catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic hydroperoxides to water and alcohols, respectively. Plays a role in cell protection against oxidative stress by detoxifying peroxides.
Belongs to the eIF-2B gamma/epsilon subunits family.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. PFA4 subfamily.
Mediates the reversible addition of palmitate to target proteins, thereby regulating their membrane association and biological function.
The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
Serine hydrolase involved in the detoxification of formaldehyde.
Highly reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the lipopeptide fusaristatin A (PubMed:25412204). Fusaristatin A consists of a polyketide chain linked to three amino acid residues glutamine (Gln), dehydroalanine (dehydro-Ala), and beta-aminoisobutyric acid (PubMed:25412204). The biosynthesis starts with formation of a linear polyketide chain by the highly reducing polyketide synthase PKS6 (PubMed:25412204). The gene cluster does not contain an acyl-CoA ligase or an acyl-transferase, and it is therefore predicted that the polyketide is transferred directly to the nonribosomal peptide synthetase NRPS7 (Probable). Modules 1-3 from NRPS7 incorporate dehydro-Ala, Gln, and beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the compound, which is released by cyclization (PubMed:25412204). The beta-aminoisobutyric acid units are most likely not freely available to the NRPS, but can be synthesized from thymine, which requires a dehydrogenase, a monooxygenase, and an aminotransferase. The fusaristatin A cluster contains a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (FGSG_08207) and an aminotransferase (FGSG_17085), which theoretically can perform two of the enzymatic steps (Probable). The enzymes may however also be involved in biosynthesis of dehydroalanine or modification of the polyketide (Probable). The dehydro-Ala residue can be a result of cyclization, where serine is dehydrated (Probable). The last gene of the cluster encodes a protein with an A/B barrel domain found in variable enzymes, which hampers functional prediction (Probable).
Multidomain protein; including a ketosynthase (KS) that catalyzes repeated decarboxylative condensation to elongate the polyketide backbone; a malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MAT) that selects and transfers the extender unit malonyl-CoA; a dehydratase (DH) domain that reduces hydroxyl groups to enoyl groups; a methyltransferase (CMeT) domain responsible for the incorporation of methyl groups; an enoylreductase (ER) domain that reduces enoyl groups to alkyl group; a ketoreductase (KR) domain that catalyzes beta-ketoreduction steps; and an acyl-carrier protein (ACP) that serves as the tether of the growing and completed polyketide via its phosphopantetheinyl arm.
impairs the production of fusaristatin A.
Belongs to the choline monooxygenase family.
Catalyzes the first step of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine synthesis.
Belongs to the peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2/4 family.
Acts as catalytic component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, which in the nucleus seems to be a general transcription factor, and in the cytoplasm the major mRNA deadenylase involved in mRNA turnover (By similarity). Ccr4 has 3'-5' RNase activity with a strong preference for polyadenylated substrates and also low exonuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA.
Mediator of sterol homeostasis involved in sterol uptake, trafficking and distribution into membranes.
Regulates also the sphingolipid metabolism.
Belongs to the oxidase-dependent Fe transporter (OFeT) (TC 9.A.10.1) family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL49 family.
Delta(8)-fatty-acid desaturase which introduces a double bond at the 8-position in the long-chain base (LCB) of ceramides. Required for the formation of the di-unsaturated sphingoid base (E,E)-sphinga-4,8-dienine during glucosylceramide (GluCer) biosynthesis.
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-Z subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 2 family.
Belongs to the class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. One is catalytic and the other provides a structural contribution.
Catalyzes the aldol condensation of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP or glycerone-phosphate) with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) to form fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) in gluconeogenesis and the reverse reaction in glycolysis.
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL10 family.
Ribosomal protein P0 is the functional equivalent of E.coli protein L10.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
Responsible for the deacetylation of lysine residues on the N-terminal part of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). Histone deacetylation gives a tag for epigenetic repression and plays an important role in transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression and developmental events.
Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit APL3 and beta-type subunit APL1), a medium chain (mu-type subunit APM4) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit APS2).
Component of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration (By similarity).
Component of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration.
C-22 sterol desaturase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG5A and ERG5B convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Leads to a severe decrease in conidiation and virulence when ERG5B is also deleted (PubMed:23442154). The absence of both ERG5A and ERG5B seems not to affect the ergosterol production (PubMed:24785759).
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family.
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 5 (cellulase A) family.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. The MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex functions in the major beta-barrel assembly pathway that is responsible for biogenesis of all outer membrane beta-barrel proteins, and acts in a late step after the SAM complex. The MDM10-MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex further acts in the TOM40-specific pathway after the action of the MDM12-MMM1 complex. Essential for establishing and maintaining the structure of mitochondria and maintenance of mtDNA nucleoids.
Homodimer. Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and MDM34. A MMM1 homodimer associates with one molecule of MDM12 on each side in a pairwise head-to-tail manner, and the SMP-LTD domains of MMM1 and MDM12 generate a continuous hydrophobic tunnel for phospholipid trafficking.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the FGAMS family.
ATPase required for the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. Recognizes and selectively binds the transmembrane domain of TA proteins in the cytosol. This complex then targets to the endoplasmic reticulum by membrane-bound receptors, where the tail-anchored protein is released for insertion. This process is regulated by ATP binding and hydrolysis. ATP binding drives the homodimer towards the closed dimer state, facilitating recognition of newly synthesized TA membrane proteins. ATP hydrolysis is required for insertion. Subsequently, the homodimer reverts towards the open dimer state, lowering its affinity for the membrane-bound receptor, and returning it to the cytosol to initiate a new round of targeting.
Components of the endosome-vacuole trafficking pathway that regulates nutrient transport. May be involved in processes which determine whether plasma membrane proteins are degraded or routed to the plasma membrane.
Belongs to the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family.
Belongs to the TtcA family. CTU1/NCS6/ATPBD3 subfamily.
Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Directly binds tRNAs and probably acts by catalyzing adenylation of tRNAs, an intermediate required for 2-thiolation. It is unclear whether it acts as a sulfurtransferase that transfers sulfur from thiocarboxylated URM1 onto the uridine of tRNAs at wobble position. Prior mcm(5) tRNA modification by the elongator complex is required for 2-thiolation. May also be involved in protein urmylation.
Heterodimer with ALG14 to form a functional enzyme.
Involved in protein N-glycosylation. Essential for the second step of the dolichol-linked oligosaccharide pathway.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruD family.
Belongs to the diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase family.
Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). MVD1 converts diphosphomevalonate into isopentenyl diphosphate (By similarity). The second module is carried out in the vacuole and involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins. Activity by the mevalonate kinase ERG12 (FG05912) first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate. 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5-diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase ERG8 (FG09764). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ERG19 (FG10424) then produces isopentenyl diphosphate. The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 (FG09722) then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase ERG20 (FG06784) catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (Probable).
Expression is regulated by the Zn(2)-C6 fungal-type transcription factor FgSR which binds directly to the promoter.
May be involved in a process influencing telomere capping.
Alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose. Releases L-arabinose from arabinoxylan.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 62 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the trehalose phosphatase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glycosyltransferase 20 family.
Mediates the transfer of lipids between membranes at organelle contact sites. May play a role in mitochondrial lipid homeostasis.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
This protein promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit. Can also utilize other divalent metal cations, such as Ca(2+), Mn(2+) and Co(2+).
Binds 1 thiamine pyrophosphate per subunit.
Catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon ketol group from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor, via a covalent intermediate with the cofactor thiamine pyrophosphate.
Belongs to the alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase family.
Coiled-Coils at the N-terminal half are essential for autophagy (By similarity).
Component of the autophagy-specific VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I (By similarity).
Required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy as a part of the autophagy-specific VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I (By similarity). This complex is essential to recruit the ATG8-phosphatidylinositol conjugate and the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate to the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity). ATG14 mediates the specific binding of the VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS) (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL5 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS9 family.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family.
Part of the multisubunit transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex.
Belongs to the class-I DAHP synthase family.
Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family.
Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. SerB family.
Belongs to the carbon-nitrogen hydrolase superfamily. Nitrilase family.
In eukaryotes there are cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozymes.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. SPB1 subfamily.
Component of the nucleolar and nucleoplasmic pre-60S ribosomal particle.
Required for proper assembly of pre-ribosomal particles during the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
May be involved in the response to oxidative stress.
Belongs to the tRNA-intron endonuclease family.
Constitutes one of the two catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5'- and 3'-splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body.
Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. S-2-haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS12 family.
Belongs to the replication factor A protein 3 family.
Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
This enzyme scavenges exogenous and endogenous cytidine and 2'-deoxycytidine for UMP synthesis.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 34 family.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 77 family.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo11/eukaryotic RPB11/RPC19 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family.
Belongs to the ketopantoate reductase family.
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of ketopantoate into pantoic acid.
Belongs to the acetate uptake transporter (AceTr) (TC 2.A.96) family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family.
Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
Expression is regulated by the aurofusarin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription factor aurR1/GIP2 (PubMed:16879655, PubMed:16461721).
Impairs autofusarin biosynthesis and leads to a yellow pigmentation via accumulation of the intermediate rubrofusarin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:16879655).
Might be part of an extracellular enzyme complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS (PubMed:21296881).
Multicopper oxidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
Belongs to the GatB/GatE family. GatB subfamily.
Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A, B and C subunits.
Catalyzes two steps in the biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor. In the first step, molybdopterin is adenylated. Subsequently, molybdate is inserted into adenylated molybdopterin and AMP is released.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the MoeA family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the MoaB/Mog family.
Belongs to the FNT transporter (TC 2.A.44) family.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
Catalytic component of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex that specifically mono-, di- and trimethylates histone H3 to form H3K4me1/2/3, which subsequently plays a role in telomere length maintenance and transcription elongation regulation.
Component of the COMPASS (Set1C) complex.
Belongs to the FMN-dependent alpha-hydroxy acid dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alax-L subfamily.
Catalyzes the attachment of alanine to tRNA(Ala) in a two-step reaction: alanine is first activated by ATP to form Ala-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Ala). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Ala) via its editing domain.
Consists of three domains; the N-terminal catalytic domain, the editing domain and the C-terminal C-Ala domain. The editing domain removes incorrectly charged amino acids, while the C-Ala domain, along with tRNA(Ala), serves as a bridge to cooperatively bring together the editing and aminoacylation centers thus stimulating deacylation of misacylated tRNAs.
Dehydratase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Expression is regulated by the aurofusarin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription factor aurR1/GIP2 (PubMed:16461721).
Impairs autofusarin biosynthesis and leads to the accumulation of the intermediate YWA1 (PubMed:21296881).
Catalyzes the last step of tRNA splicing, the transfer of the splice junction 2'-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD to produce ADP-ribose 1''-2'' cyclic phosphate.
DNA-binding protein that induces severe bending of DNA. Required for DNA-binding by the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. Also augments the fidelity of transcription by RNA polymerase III independently of any role in the FACT complex (By similarity).
Weakly associates with the stable SPT16-POB3 heterodimer to form the FACT complex.
Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup133 family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 8 family.
Belongs to the type IB topoisomerase family.
Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during the DNA replication and transcription by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at the specific target site 5'-[CT]CCTTp site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then undergoes passage around the unbroken strand thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 5'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS10 family.
Catalyzes the formation of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine by condensation of 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate. This is the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of riboflavin.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family. YchF/OLA1 subfamily.
Hydrolyzes ATP, and can also hydrolyze GTP with lower efficiency. Has lower affinity for GTP.
Component of the autophagy-specific VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I; and of the VPS34 PI3-kinase complex II (By similarity).
Required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, nucleophagy, and mitophagy, as a part of the autophagy-specific VPS34 PI3-kinase complex I (By similarity). This complex is essential to recruit the ATG8-phosphatidylinositol conjugate and the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate to the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity). Also involved in endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport as part of the VPS34 PI3-kinase complex II (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236).
The C-terminal domain called the BARA domain is dispensable for the construction of both VPS34 PI3-kinase complexes, but is specifically required for autophagy through the targeting of complex I to the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity).
Has a role in nuclear-cytoplasmic transport of proteins and mRNAs.
Belongs to the DNA photolyase class-1 family.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Argininosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA M5U methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily.
G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.
Belongs to the DODA-type extradiol aromatic ring-opening dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase family.
Belongs to the group II decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat PROPPIN family.
Component of the PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex (By similarity). Interacts with ATG2 and ATG9 (By similarity). The ATG2-ATG18 complex is essential for autophagosome formation (By similarity).
Component of the PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex that regulates both the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) (By similarity). Plays an important role in osmotically-induced vacuole fragmentation (By similarity). Required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation, pexophagy and starvation-induced autophagy (By similarity). Involved in correct ATG9 trafficking to the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity). With ATG2, protects ATG8 from ATG4-mediated cleavage (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The 377 first amino acids might form a beta-propeller domain involved in specific binding to phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), leading to the association of the protein to the membrane (By similarity). Association to the membrane can also occur through binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P) (By similarity).
The L/FRRG motif is essential for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) pathway, for the recruitment of ATG8 and ATG16 to the PAS in nutrient-rich medium, and for its recruitment to and dissociation from the PAS under starvation conditions (By similarity).
Belongs to the inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT) (TC 2.A.20) family.
Sodium-phosphate symporter which plays a fundamental housekeeping role in phosphate transport.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. ERF2/ZDHHC9 subfamily.
Palmitoyltransferase specific for Ras proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
Required for the assembly of the V0 complex of the vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase) in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Belongs to the actin family. ARP4 subfamily.
Chromatin interaction component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Is required for NuA4 complex integrity. Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the INO80 complex which remodels chromatin by shifting nucleosomes and is involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex, of the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex, and of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex.
Cleaves proteins, imported into the mitochondrion, to their mature size. While most mitochondrial precursor proteins are processed to the mature form in one step by mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP), the sequential cleavage by MIP of an octapeptide after initial processing by MPP is a required step for a subgroup of nuclear-encoded precursor proteins destined for the matrix or the inner membrane.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA49/POLR1E RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the helicase family. RAD25/XPB subfamily.
Belongs to the prefoldin subunit alpha family.
Belongs to the 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
P1 and P2 exist as dimers at the large ribosomal subunit.
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
Second step of mRNA capping. Transfer of the GMP moiety of GTP to the 5'-end of RNA via an enzyme-GMP covalent reaction intermediate.
Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese.
Mitochondrial mRNA stabilization factor.
Probable mitochondrial mRNA stabilization factor.
Belongs to the velvet family. VelB subfamily.
Component of the heterotrimeric velvet complex composed of laeA, veA and velB; VeA acting as a bridging protein between laeA and velB (By similarity). Forms a heterodimeric complex with vosA; the formation of the velB-vosA complex is light-dependent (By similarity).
Component of the velvet transcription factor complex that controls sexual/asexual developmental ratio in response to light, promoting sexual development in the darkness while stimulating asexual sporulation under illumination (By similarity). The velvet complex acts as a global regulator for secondary metabolite gene expression (By similarity). Component of the velB-VosA heterodimeric complex that plays a dual role in activating genes associated with spore maturation and repressing certain development-associated genes (By similarity). The complex binds DNA through the DNA-binding domain of vosA that recognizes an 11-nucleotide consensus sequence 5'-CTGGCCGCGGC-3' consisting of two motifs in the promoters of key developmental regulatory genes (By similarity). Controls the expression of the pink pigment aurofusarin and the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol gene clusters (PubMed:22713714). Regulates hyphae formation, hyphal hydrophobicity and conidiation (PubMed:22713714). Regulates of cell wall integrity and pathogenicity (PubMed:22713714).
Exhibits reduced pink pigment formation, but increased yellow pigment production (PubMed:22713714). Down-regulates the six genes involved in biosynthesis of the pink pigment aurofusarin (PubMed:22713714). Down-regulates also the genes involved in the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol biosynthesis (PubMed:22713714). Suppresses of aerial hyphae formation, reduces hyphal hydrophobicity and highly increases conidiation (PubMed:22713714). Impaired virulence on flowering wheat head (PubMed:22713714).
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.
Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state.
Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and FG06736.1.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. FG06736.1 is required for the interaction of the ER-resident membrane protein MMM1 and the outer mitochondrial membrane-resident beta-barrel protein MDM10.
Lacks alpha-helical transmembrane segments, suggesting that it resides in the membrane via beta-sheet conformations similar to those predicted for other outer membrane proteins and porin.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 54 family.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family. Delta-COP subfamily.
Required for mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly and respiration.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP3/4 subfamily.
PPIase that acts as a histone chaperone. Histone proline isomerase that increases the rate of cis-trans isomerization at prolines on the histone H3 N-terminal tail. Proline isomerization influences H3 methylation thereby regulating gene expression.
Belongs to the shaker potassium channel beta subunit family.
Required for nuclear membrane fusion during karyogamy.
Plays a role in transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL6 family.
Belongs to the lysine N(6)-hydroxylase/L-ornithine N(5)-oxygenase family.
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine synthase family.
Has a role in promoting intracellular calcium ion sequestration via the exchange of calcium ions for hydrogen ions across the vacuolar membrane. Involved also in manganese ion homeostasis via its uptake into the vacuole.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.
Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR).
Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly.
Interacts with histone H3 and histone H4.
Belongs to the carotenoid oxygenase family.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in the biogenesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and is required for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX31/DBP7 subfamily.
Present with 1460 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium.
Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as a core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome.
Belongs to the TPT transporter family. SLC35D subfamily.
Involved in the import of GDP-mannose from the cytoplasm into the Golgi lumen.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase B subfamily.
Lacks the C-terminal transmembrane domain, but has an ER retention motif at its extreme C-terminus.
Arginine methyltransferase involved in the assembly or stability of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I).
Belongs to the scytalone dehydratase family.
Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily.
Belongs to the pyridoxine kinase family.
Belongs to the iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase subfamily.
Component of a fungal signal recognition particle (SRP) complex that consists of a 7SL RNA molecule (scR1) and at least six protein subunits: SRP72, SRP68, SRP54, SEC65, SRP21 and SRP14.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Has a role in a nucleosome assembly pathway that is required for the integrity of heterochromatin and proper chromosome segregation.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. RHD3 subfamily.
Cooperates with the reticulon proteins and tubule-shaping DP1 family proteins to generate and maintain the structure of the tubular endoplasmic reticulum network. Has GTPase activity, which is required for its function in ER organization.
Ubiquitin ligase protein which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation.
Although related to the peptidase M24 family, this protein lacks conserved active site residues suggesting that it may lack peptidase activity.
Belongs to the peptidase M24 family. SPT16 subfamily.
Component of the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. During transcription elongation the FACT complex acts as a histone chaperone that both destabilizes and restores nucleosomal structure. It facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase II and transcription by promoting the dissociation of one histone H2A-H2B dimer from the nucleosome, then subsequently promotes the reestablishment of the nucleosome following the passage of RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
Component of the FACT complex, a general chromatin factor that acts to reorganize nucleosomes. The FACT complex is involved in multiple processes that require DNA as a template such as mRNA elongation, DNA replication and DNA repair. During transcription elongation the FACT complex acts as a histone chaperone that both destabilizes and restores nucleosomal structure. It facilitates the passage of RNA polymerase II and transcription by promoting the dissociation of one histone H2A-H2B dimer from the nucleosome, then subsequently promotes the reestablishment of the nucleosome following the passage of RNA polymerase II.
Forms a stable heterodimer with POB3. The SPT16-POB3 dimer weakly associates with multiple molecules of NHP6 to form the FACT complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Erg6/SMT family.
Expression is increased in the absence of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 (PubMed:22947191). Expression is positively regulated by the FgSR transcription factor that targets gene promoters containing 2 conserved CGAA repeat sequences (PubMed:30874562).
Sterol 24-C-methyltransferase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG6A and ERG6B methylate lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the formate--tetrahydrofolate ligase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase family.
Component of the ESCRT-0 complex which is the sorting receptor for ubiquitinated cargo proteins at the multivesicular body (MVB).
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family. PIGB subfamily.
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the third mannose to Man2-GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the third mannose to Man2-GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly.
Part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
ATPase component of the INO80 complex which remodels chromatin by shifting nucleosomes and is involved in DNA repair.
Component of the INO80 chromatin-remodeling complex.
The DBINO region is involved in binding to DNA.
Involved in the small subunit (SSU) processome assembly and function, and in the 18S rRNA synthesis. Required for the early cleavages at sites A0, A1 and A2 (By similarity).
Involved in the small subunit (SSU) processome assembly and function, and in the 18S rRNA synthesis. Required for the early cleavages at sites A0, A1 and A2.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Trimethylguanosine synthase family.
Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
Acts as component of the peripheral membrane COG complex that is involved in intra-Golgi protein trafficking. COG is located at the cis-Golgi, and regulates tethering of retrograde intra-Golgi vesicles and possibly a number of other membrane trafficking events.
Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi complex.
Belongs to the fructosamine kinase family.
Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
Belongs to the TAF9 family. CENP-S/MHF1 subfamily.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. AKR/ZDHHC17 subfamily.
Palmitoyltransferase specific for casein kinase 1.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S9 family.
Single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent helicase. Involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA double strand break repair. DNA-binding is sequence-independent but has a high affinity to nicks in double-stranded DNA and to the ends of duplex DNA. Binds to naturally occurring chromosomal ends, and therefore provides chromosomal end protection. Required also for telomere recombination to repair telomeric ends in the absence of telomerase. KU70, of the KU70/KU80 heterodimer, binds to the stem loop of TLC1, the RNA component of telomerase. Involved in telomere maintenance. Interacts with telomeric repeats and subtelomeric sequences thereby controlling telomere length and protecting against subtelomeric rearrangement. Maintains telomeric chromatin, which is involved in silencing the expression of genes located at the telomere. Required for mating-type switching.
Expressed during sexual development (PubMed:16278459). Is not expressed during infection of wheat plants (PubMed:23290226). Expression is positively regulated by the fusarielin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription factor FSL7, probably via its binding at the 5'-CGGNNNCCG-3' motif present in the promoter of all the cluster genes (PubMed:22252016).
Leads to significant increase in growth (PubMed:16278459). Abolishes the production of fusarielins F, G and H (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606).
Multidomain protein; including a ketosynthase (KS) that catalyzes repeated decarboxylative condensation to elongate the polyketide backbone; a malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase (MAT) that selects and transfers the extender unit malonyl-CoA; a dehydratase (DH) domain that reduces hydroxyl groups to enoyl groups; a methyltransferase (MET) domain that transfers methyl groups to the growing polyketide; a ketoreductase (KR) domain that catalyzes beta-ketoreduction steps; and an acyl-carrier protein (ACP) that serves as the tether of the growing and completed polyketide via its phosphopantetheinyl arm (Probable). Lacks an active enoyl reductase (ER) domain that reduces enoyl groups to alkyl groups, and biosynthesis of fusarielins relies on the trans-acting enoyl reductase FSL5 (Probable).
Reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fusarielins F, G and H, decaketide compounds with 5 methylations and a decaline core that act as mycoestrogens as they stimulate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). The initial compound in the pathway is produced by the reducing polyketide synthase FSL1. FSL1 lacks an active enoyl reductase (ER) domain and biosynthesis of fusarielins relies on the trans-acting enoyl reductase FSL5, before it is released through hydrolysis catalyzed by the thioesterase FSL2 (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). Fusarielins F, G, and H have a C11=C12 cis double bond and is fully reduced between C10 and C11 and between C12 and C13. FSL3 can be involved in the formation of the C11=C12 cis double bond by moving a hypothetical C10=C11 or C12=C13 trans double bond to form prefusarielin (PubMed:27983606). Prefusarielin is oxygenated at C15 and C16 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FSL4, resulting in fusarielin F, which subsequently is epoxidized into fusarielin G by the same enzyme (PubMed:27983606). The final step in the pathway is a reduction of the carboxylic acid moiety to yield fusarielin H via a still undetermined mechanism (PubMed:27983606).
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA.
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to TFIIK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module TFIIK controls the initiation of transcription.
Belongs to the WD repeat striatin family.
Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Nitrate/nitrite porter (TC 2.A.1.8) family.
Belongs to the protein prenyltransferase subunit beta family.
Binds 1 FAD per subunit in a bicovalent manner.
Catalyzes the selective oxidation of C1 hydroxyl moieties on chitooligosaccharides with concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. This results in the formation of the corresponding lactones, which typically undergo spontaneous hydrolysis. Chitooligosaccharides are homo- or heterooligomers of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and D-glucosamine which are linked through beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds. For optimal substrate binding at least 2 GlcNAc units are needed, and chitooligosaccharide oxidase is most efficient on chitobiose, chitotriose and chitotetraose.
The FAD cofactor is bound via a bicovalent 6-S-cysteinyl, 8alpha-N1-histidyl FAD linkage.
Belongs to the mitochondrial Rho GTPase family.
Mitochondrial GTPase involved in mitochondrial trafficking. Probably involved in control of anterograde transport of mitochondria and their subcellular distribution.
Catalytic subunit in the complex catalyzing the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol, the first step of GPI biosynthesis.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 4 family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
Involved in the import of nuclear-targeted proteins into the nucleus and the export of poly(A) RNA out of the nucleus. Has a role in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway.
Belongs to the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) (TC 2.A.105) family.
Mediates the uptake of pyruvate into mitochondria.
Occurs in almost all aerobically respiring organisms and serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
Serves to protect cells from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.
Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Binds to the signal sequence of presecretory proteins when they emerge from the ribosomes.
Has a two domain structure: the G-domain binds GTP; the M-domain binds the 7S RNA in presence of SRP19 and also binds the signal sequence.
Signal recognition particle consists of a 7S RNA molecule and at least six protein subunits.
Belongs to the SurE nucleotidase family.
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM8 and 3 copies of TIM13, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit (By similarity).
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM8 and 3 copies of TIM13, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit.
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of some multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space. The TIM8-TIM13 complex is non essential and only mediates the import of few proteins, while the predominant TIM9-TIM10 70 kDa complex is crucial and mediates the import of much more proteins (By similarity).
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of some multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space. The TIM8-TIM13 complex is non essential and only mediates the import of few proteins, while the predominant TIM9-TIM10 70 kDa complex is crucial and mediates the import of much more proteins.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM8 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 6.
Belongs to the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C family.
Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region.
U1 snRNP is composed of the 7 core Sm proteins B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F and G that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP, and at least 3 U1 snRNP-specific proteins U1-70K, U1-A and U1-C. U1-C interacts with U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region of the pre-mRNA.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in ribosome assembly.
Associates with pre-ribosomal particles.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX27/DRS1 subfamily.
Forms a stable heterodimer with SPT16. The SPT16-POB3 dimer weakly associates with multiple molecules of NHP6 to form the FACT complex (By similarity).
In contrast to the orthologous protein in animals and plants, this protein does not contain a HMG box DNA-binding domain. This function may instead be provided by the HMG box of the associated NHP6 protein in the FACT complex of fungi.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase 2 family. FRD/SDH subfamily.
Irreversibly catalyzes the reduction of fumarate to succinate.
Component of the elongator complex which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine). The elongator complex catalyzes formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs.
Belongs to the archaeal Rpo5/eukaryotic RPB5 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Exhibits significantly increased sensitivity to amine fungicides, including tridemorph, fenpropidin and spiroxamine, but not to non-amine fungicides.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS2 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S). Interacts with RPS21.
Required for the assembly and/or stability of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.
Belongs to the arylamine N-acetyltransferase family.
Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.
Catalyzes the conversion of GlcNAc-6-P into GlcNAc-1-P during the synthesis of uridine diphosphate/UDP-GlcNAc, which is a biosynthetic precursor of chitin and also supplies the amino sugars for N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
Belongs to the prokaryotic/mitochondrial release factor family.
Fatty acid synthase subunit beta; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
[Alpha(6)beta(6)] hexamers of two multifunctional subunits (alpha and beta).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 72 family.
Splits internally a 1,3-beta-glucan molecule and transfers the newly generated reducing end (the donor) to the non-reducing end of another 1,3-beta-glucan molecule (the acceptor) forming a 1,3-beta linkage, resulting in the elongation of 1,3-beta-glucan chains in the cell wall.
Belongs to the helicase family. SKI2 subfamily.
Interacts with ODC and thereby sterically blocks ODC homodimerization.
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) antizyme protein that negatively regulates ODC activity and intracellular polyamine biosynthesis in response to increased intracellular polyamine levels. Binds to ODC monomers, inhibiting the assembly of the functional ODC homodimer, and targets the monomers for ubiquitin-independent proteolytic destruction by the 26S proteasome.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. UbiG/COQ3 family.
O-methyltransferase that catalyzes the 2 O-methylation steps in the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway.
Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
Glutamine amidotransferase-like protein; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment chrysogine (PubMed:28708398). Pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are likely substrates for the nonribosomal peptide synthetase chry1/NRPS14, with pyruvic acid adenylated by the first A domain and anthranilic acid by the second (Probable). If pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are merged and released from chry1/NRPS14 by hydrolysis, a subsequent amidation would lead to 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide (Probable). This process is probably catalyzed by the amidotransferase chry2 using glutamine as amino donor (Probable). The dehydrogenase chry5 that has a terminal berberine bridge domain for C-N cyclization could catalyze the cyclization of 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide to yield acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone (Probable). A final reduction of acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone catalyzed by the oxidoreductase chry4 would result in chrysogine (Probable).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family.
Belongs to the IPP isomerase type 1 family.
Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). IDI1 catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) (By similarity). The second module is carried out in the vacuole and involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins. Activity by the mevalonate kinase ERG12 (FG05912) first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate. 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5-diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase ERG8 (FG09764). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ERG19 (FG10424) then produces isopentenyl diphosphate. The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 (FG09722) then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase ERG20 (FG06784) catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (Probable).
Catalytic component of the signal peptidase complex (SPC) which catalyzes the cleavage of N-terminal signal sequences from nascent proteins as they are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Specifically cleaves N-terminal signal peptides that contain a hydrophobic alpha-helix (h-region) shorter than 18-20 amino acids.
Component of the signal peptidase complex (SPC) composed of a catalytic subunit SEC11 and three accessory subunits SPC1, SPC2 and SPC3 (By similarity). The complex induces a local thinning of the ER membrane which is used to measure the length of the signal peptide (SP) h-region of protein substrates. This ensures the selectivity of the complex towards h-regions shorter than 18-20 amino acids (By similarity). SPC associates with the translocon complex.
Required for the maintenance of the structure of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Involved in mitochondrial morphology. Causes growth arrest when highly overexpressed.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family. NUBP2/CFD1 subfamily.
Binds 4 [4Fe-4S] clusters per heterotetramer. Contains two stable clusters in the N-termini of NBP35 and two labile, bridging clusters between subunits of the NBP35-CFD1 heterotetramer.
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Required for maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. The NBP35-CFD1 heterotetramer forms a Fe-S scaffold complex, mediating the de novo assembly of an Fe-S cluster and its transfer to target apoproteins.
Heterotetramer of 2 NBP35 and 2 CFD1 chains.
May associate with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
mRNA-binding protein involved in proper cytoplasmic distribution of mitochondria.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. NTM1 family.
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein, 2 core protein subunits, and additional low-molecular weight protein subunits. The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV).
Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL8 family.
Common component of the spliceosome and rRNA processing machinery.
Short chain dehydrogenase/reductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Belongs to the ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase family.
Required for synthesis of 60S ribosomal subunits and the transport of pre-ribosomes from the nucleoplasm to the cytoplasm.
Short-chain dehydrogenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment chrysogine (PubMed:28708398). Pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are likely substrates for the nonribosomal peptide synthetase chry1/NRPS14, with pyruvic acid adenylated by the first A domain and anthranilic acid by the second (Probable). If pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are merged and released from chry1/NRPS14 by hydrolysis, a subsequent amidation would lead to 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide (Probable). This process is probably catalyzed by the amidotransferase chry2 using glutamine as amino donor (Probable). The dehydrogenase chry5 that has a terminal berberine bridge domain for C-N cyclization could catalyze the cyclization of 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide to yield acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone (Probable). A final reduction of acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone catalyzed by the oxidoreductase chry4 would result in chrysogine (Probable).
May be involved in protection from oxidative damage.
Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Biotin synthase family.
Required for gamma-tubulin complex recruitment to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC).
Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.
ABC-type transporter; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). May be involved in the secretion of gramillins (Probable).
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family.
Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in mitochondrial tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. Involved in mitochondrial genome maintenance.
Interacts with the flavoprotein subunit within the SDH catalytic dimer.
Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol. Required for flavinylation (covalent attachment of FAD) of the flavoprotein subunit of the SDH catalytic dimer.
Produces significantly smaller lesions and fewer spikelets with blight symptoms on susceptible wheat cultivars.
Short chain dehydrogenase; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). The 2 nonribosomal peptide synthetases NRPS9 and NRPS5 form an assembly line which likely utilizes GABA as a starter unit (loaded on the unique module M1 of NRPS9) and sequentially incorporates seven extender units composed of the residues L-Ala, L-allo-Ile, L-Ser, L-Val, L-Ser, L-Leu and L-Leu, respectively (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). During the process, each of the residues that are tethered on modules M3-M7 of NRPS5 containing an E domain can undergo an epimerization reaction to produce a D-configuration before the transpeptidation reaction occurs (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). The elongation of the peptidyl chain might be terminated by module M8-mediated L-Leu incorporation, followed by R domain-catalyzed 4 electron reduction to release the resulting octapeptide from the assembly line as an alcohol (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). Fusaoctaxin A is cleaved by the cluster specific ABC transporter FGM5 to the pentapeptide fusapentaxin A and the tripeptide fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892). The other enzymes from the cluster, FGM1, FGM2, FGM3 and FGM9 seem not to be involved in the biosynthesis of fusaoctaxin A and their functions have still to be determined (Probable).
Belongs to the acireductone dioxygenase (ARD) family.
Binds either 1 Fe or Ni cation per monomer. Iron-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate, while nickel-binding promotes an acireductone dioxygenase reaction producing 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate.
Catalyzes 2 different reactions between oxygen and the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene) depending upon the metal bound in the active site. Fe-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Fe-ARD) produces formate and 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate (KMTB), the alpha-ketoacid precursor of methionine in the methionine recycle pathway. Ni-containing acireductone dioxygenase (Ni-ARD) produces methylthiopropionate, carbon monoxide and formate, and does not lie on the methionine recycle pathway.
Belongs to the polysaccharide monooxygenase AA13 family.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
Demethylates proteins that have been reversibly carboxymethylated. Demethylates the phosphatase PP2A catalytic subunit (By similarity).
Demethylates proteins that have been reversibly carboxymethylated. Demethylates the phosphatase PP2A catalytic subunit.
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. SAR1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS6 family.
Belongs to the palmitoyl-protein thioesterase family.
Functions as a dosage-dependent inducer in mitotic control. Tyrosine protein phosphatase required for progression of the cell cycle.
Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-1 (BLOC-1) involved in endosomal cargo sorting.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC5 subfamily.
Belongs to the UbiA prenyltransferase family.
Polyprenyl transferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Type IV dipeptidyl-peptidase which removes N-terminal dipeptides sequentially from polypeptides having unsubstituted N-termini provided that the penultimate residue is proline.
Belongs to the WD repeat MET30/SCONB/SCON-2 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL43 family.
Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26S proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase required for 60S ribosomal subunit synthesis. Involved in efficient pre-rRNA processing, predominantly at site A3, which is necessary for the normal formation of 25S and 5.8S rRNAs (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX5/DBP2 subfamily.
Belongs to the velvet family. VeA subfamily.
Component of the heterotrimeric velvet complex composed of laeA, ve1 and velB; Ve1 acting as a bridging protein between laeA and velB (By similarity). Interacts directly with laeA and velB (PubMed:23874628).
Component of the velvet transcription factor complex that controls sexual/asexual developmental ratio in response to light, promoting sexual development in the darkness while stimulating asexual sporulation under illumination (By similarity). The velvet complex hat acts as a global regulator for secondary metabolite gene expression (PubMed:22140571). Controls the expression of the aurofusarin and trichothecene gene clusters (PubMed:22013911). Controls also the expression of the deoxynivalenol (DON) gene cluster (PubMed:22140571). Regulates hyphal growth and pigment formation (PubMed:22140571). Acts as a positive regulator of virulence (PubMed:22013911, PubMed:22140571).
Impairs aurofusarin and trichothecene biosynthesis (PubMed:22013911). Reduces deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis (PubMed:22140571). Results in highly reduced sporulation (PubMed:22013911). Reduces the hydrophobicity of the cell surface (PubMed:22140571, PubMed:22013911). Shows increased resistance to osmotic stress and cell wall-damaging agents, but increased sensitivity to iprodione and fludioxonil fungicides (PubMed:22140571, PubMed:22713714).
The C-terminal PEST domain is a region rich in proline, glutamic acid, serine and threonine residues that is required for the light-dependent regulation of development and secondary metabolism (By similarity).
This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL33 family.
Methylates the carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine residue of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunits to form alpha-leucine ester residues.
Methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family.
Component of the GPI transamidase complex. May be involved in the recognition of either the GPI attachment signal or the lipid portion of GPI.
Expression is positively regulated by the zearalenone biosynthesis specific transcription factor ZEB2 (PubMed:16262793). Conditions for carbon-, nitrogen-, or phosphorus-starvations lead to very low expression (PubMed:16262793). Increase in pH results in gradual reduction of the gene expression (PubMed:16262793).
Non-reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of zearalenone (ZEA), a nonsteroid estrogen that is a contaminant of cereal grains and causes estrogenic disorders in humans and animals (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The ZEA backbone is synthesized from a single acetyl-CoA molecule and eight malonyl-CoA molecules (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The reducing polyketide synthase ZEA2 is proposed to synthesize a reduced hexaketide intermediate by using different combinations of its reductive domains during each round of condensation (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:16751498, PubMed:18427109). The hexaketide thioester is then transacylated to the non-reducing polyketide synthase ZEA1 and is further condensed with three malonyl-CoAs without reductive tailoring to yield a mixed reduced/unreduced nonaketide (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 must be able to interact with ZEA2 to facilitate starter-unit acyltransfer and initiate polyketide biosynthesis (PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 also mediates the required C2-C7 cyclization to form the resorcylate core and catalyzes the formation of the macrolactone (PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 exhibits broad starter-unit specificities toward fatty acyl-CoAs ranging in sizes between C6 and C16 and displays the highest activity toward decanoyl-CoA (PubMed:18427109). ZEB1 is then responsible for the chemical conversion of beta-zearalenonol (beta-ZOL) to ZEA in the biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:16262793).
Results in the loss of zearalenone production but still produces beta-zearalenonol (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624).
The release of the polyketide chain from the non-reducing polyketide synthase is mediated by the thioesterase (TE) domain localized at the C-ter of the protein (By similarity).
Cleaves the distal alpha 1,2-linked glucose residue from the Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) oligosaccharide precursor.
Belongs to the RNase HII family. Eukaryotic subfamily.
Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids.
Manganese or magnesium. Binds 1 divalent metal ion per monomer in the absence of substrate. May bind a second metal ion after substrate binding.
Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.
Required both for recombination and for the repair of DNA damage caused by X-rays.
Belongs to the deoxyhypusine hydroxylase family.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of the N(6)-(4-aminobutyl)-L-lysine intermediate to form hypusine, an essential post-translational modification only found in mature eIF-5A factor.
Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
Catalyzes the oxidative ring opening of 3-hydroxyanthranilate to 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate semialdehyde, which spontaneously cyclizes to quinolinate.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL13 family.
Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family. SWR1 subfamily.
Catalytic component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling.
Component of the SWR1 chromatin-remodeling complex.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 11 (cellulase G) family.
Inhibited by the proteinaceous endoxylanase inhibitor I from T.aestivum (TAXI-I).
Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family.
Octamer of two non-identical subunits IDH1 and IDH2.
DNA helicase which participates in several chromatin remodeling complexes, including the SWR1 and the INO80 complexes. The SWR1 complex mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. The INO80 complex remodels chromatin by shifting nucleosomes and is involved in DNA repair. Also involved in pre-rRNA processing (By similarity).
May form heterododecamers with RVB1. Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex, and of the R2TP complex (By similarity).
Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome.
RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation.
Negative regulator of transcription elongation.
Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family.
Required for the assembly of cytochrome c oxidase.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL19 family.
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally, epimerase (E) domains (responsible for L- to D-amino acid conversion) are present within the NRP synthetase. NRPS5 has the following 7 module architecture: A-C-A-T-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-TE.
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). The 2 nonribosomal peptide synthetases NRPS9 and NRPS5 form an assembly line which likely utilizes GABA as a starter unit (loaded on the unique module M1 of NRPS9) and sequentially incorporates seven extender units composed of the residues L-Ala, L-allo-Ile, L-Ser, L-Val, L-Ser, L-Leu and L-Leu, respectively (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). During the process, each of the residues that are tethered on modules M3-M7 of NRPS5 containing an E domain can undergo an epimerization reaction to produce a D-configuration before the transpeptidation reaction occurs (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). The elongation of the peptidyl chain might be terminated by module M8-mediated L-Leu incorporation, followed by R domain-catalyzed 4 electron reduction to release the resulting octapeptide from the assembly line as an alcohol (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). Fusaoctaxin A is cleaved by the cluster specific ABC transporter FGM5 to the pentapeptide fusapentaxin A and the tripeptide fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892). The other enzymes from the cluster, FGM1, FGM2, FGM3 and FGM9 seem not to be involved in the biosynthesis of fusaoctaxin A and their functions have still to be determined (Probable).
Produces significantly smaller lesions on susceptible wheat cultivars.
Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes.
Associates with the pre-60S ribosomal particle.
Component of the ribosome assembly machinery. Nuclear paralog of the ribosomal protein P0, it binds pre-60S subunits at an early stage of assembly in the nucleolus, and is replaced by P0 in cytoplasmic pre-60S subunits and mature 80S ribosomes.
Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. PAN2 subfamily.
Binds 2 metal cations per subunit in the catalytic exonuclease domain.
Catalytic subunit of the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex, one of two cytoplasmic mRNA deadenylases involved in mRNA turnover. PAN specifically shortens poly(A) tails of RNA and the activity is stimulated by poly(A)-binding protein PAB1. PAN deadenylation is followed by rapid degradation of the shortened mRNA tails by the CCR4-NOT complex. Deadenylated mRNAs are then degraded by two alternative mechanisms, namely exosome-mediated 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation, or deadenlyation-dependent mRNA decaping and subsequent 5'-3' exonucleolytic degradation by XRN1. May also be involved in post-transcriptional maturation of mRNA poly(A) tails.
Contains a pseudo-UCH domain. This ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH)-like or ubiquitin specific protease (USP)-like domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive because it lacks the active site catalytic triad characteristic of thiol proteases, with residues at the equivalent structural positions that are incompatible with catalysis, and it cannot bind ubiquitin. It functions as a structural scaffold for intra- and intermolecular interactions in the complex.
Forms a heterotrimer with an asymmetric homodimer of the regulatory subunit PAN3 to form the poly(A)-nuclease (PAN) deadenylation complex.
Positively regulated by the regulatory subunit PAN3.
The linker, or PAN3 interaction domain (PID), between the WD40 repeats and the pseudo-UCH domain mediates interaction with PAN3.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
Abolishes the production of ergosterol and leads to the accumulation of sterol intermediates (PubMed:22947191). Leads to reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) production (PubMed:22947191). Results in reduced mycelial growth as well as less conidia (PubMed:22947191). Leads to decreased virulence (PubMed:22947191). Exhibits a significantly increased sensitivity to the divalent cations Cu(2+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+), as well as to the trivalent cations Fe(3+) and Al(3+) (PubMed:22947191). Shows increased resistance to cell wall-degrading enzymes and significantly increases sensitivity to osmotic stress mediated by NaCl and D-sorbitol, and to oxidative stress generated by H(2)O(2) and paraquat (PubMed:22947191). Decreases tolerance to sterol biosynthesis inhibitors, including triadimefon and tebuconazole (targeting sterol 14-alpha-demethylase), the amine fungicides tridemorph, fenpropidin and spiroxamine (targeting sterol C-14 reductase or sterol delta-7,8-isomerase) and the polyene fungicides nystatin and amphotericin B (binding to ergosterol) (PubMed:22947191). Does not affect the sensitivity to the dicarboximide fungicide iprodione (PubMed:22947191). Finally, ERG4 deletion leads to increased expression of the ergosterol biosynthesis genes CYP51A, CYP51B, CYP51C, ERG2, ERG6A, ERG6B, ERG7, ERG24A and ERG24B (PubMed:22947191).
Delta(24(24(1)))-sterol reductase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:22947191). ERG4 catalyzes the last step of ergosterol biosynthesis by converting ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol into ergosterol (PubMed:22947191). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the purine/pyrimidine phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS19 family.
Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic12 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit, ribosomal RNA processing complex (SSU RRP complex).
Required for small ribosomal subunit (SSU) synthesis. Has a role in the processing of early nucleolar and late cytoplasmic pre-RNA species (By similarity).
Required for small ribosomal subunit (SSU) synthesis. Has a role in the processing of early nucleolar and late cytoplasmic pre-RNA species.
Belongs to the dihydrofolate reductase family.
Component of an histone acetyltransferase complex.
Component of an histone acetyltransferase complex. Interacts with H3K4me3 and to a lesser extent with H3K4me2.
The PHD-type zinc finger mediates the binding to H3K4me3.
Forms a complex with ATG9 and ATG27 (By similarity).
Required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation and efficient autophagy (By similarity). Plays a role in ATG protein retrieval from the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) and is especially required for autophagy-dependent cycling of ATG9 (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 20 family.
Belongs to the gluconokinase GntK/GntV family.
Belongs to the cysteine synthase/cystathionine beta-synthase family.
Belongs to the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family. QTRT2 subfamily.
Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and an accessory subunit.
Non-catalytic subunit of the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase (TGT) that catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with queuine (Q) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr), resulting in the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (7-(((4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)amino)methyl)-7-deazaguanosine).
Belongs to the cysteine dioxygenase family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL41 family.
Catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration. This is a prerequisite for the S-specific NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase to allow the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX.
Belongs to the ACC deaminase/D-cysteine desulfhydrase family.
eIF-5A seems to be the only eukaryotic protein to have a hypusine residue which is a post-translational modification of a lysine by the addition of a butylamino group.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. mRNA cap 0 methyltransferase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the dsDNA virus mRNA guanylyltransferase family.
Responsible for methylating the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs.
Belongs to the trichodiene synthase family.
Expressed under trichothecene-inducing conditions.
Leads to complete loss of culmorin production (PubMed:19880637). Does not affect the trichothecene biosynthetic pathway since 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) is still produced (PubMed:19880637). Keeps the ability to convert exogenously added longiborneol to culmorin (PubMed:19880637).
Longiborneol synthase CLM1 is a potential target to reduce Fusarium head blight disease. 3D-structure modeling based on known 3D-structure of losely related enzymes has been used for screening of hypothetical inhibitors of CLM1 catalytic activity.
Terpene cyclase involved in the biosynthesis of culmorin, a tricyclic sesquiterpene diol reported to have antifungal activity and some phytotoxicity to wheat coleoptile tissue, contributing to Fusarium head blight disease (PubMed:19880637) (Probable). The terpene cyclase CLM1 is responsible for the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate into the intermediate longiborneol (PubMed:19880637). Longiborneol is then hydroxylated in a regio- and endo-stereoselective manner at position C-11 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CLM2 to produce culmorin (PubMed:26673640). Additional non-specific oxygenases are also able to hydroxylate longiborneol at other sites than C-11 leading to 3-hydroxylongiborneol, 5-hydroxylongiborneol, 12-hydroxylongiborneol and 15-hydroxylongiborneol (PubMed:26673640). Moreover, another oxygenase capable of installing a C-11 exo-hydroxy group in longiborneol can also yield 11-epi-acetylculmorin (PubMed:26673640). The production of these longiborneol derivatives is dwarfed by the high abundance of culmorin, suggesting that CLM2 displays superior enzymatic activity to the unidentified, possibly promiscuous, additional oxygenases (PubMed:26673640).
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB7 subunit family.
Catalyzes an early step in riboflavin biosynthesis, the NADPH-dependent reduction of the ribose side chain of 2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate, yielding 2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate.
Component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe-S proteins. Part of an electron transfer chain functioning in an early step of cytosolic Fe-S biogenesis, facilitating the de novo assembly of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on the scaffold complex CFD1-NBP35. Electrons are transferred to DRE2 from NADPH via the FAD- and FMN-containing protein TAH18. TAH18-DRE2 are also required for the assembly of the diferric tyrosyl radical cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), probably by providing electrons for reduction during radical cofactor maturation in the catalytic small subunit RNR2.
Monomer. Interacts with TAH18. Interacts with MIA40.
The C-terminal domain binds 2 Fe-S clusters but is otherwise mostly in an intrinsically disordered conformation.
The N-terminal domain has structural similarity with S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferases, but does not bind S-adenosyl-L-methionine. It is required for correct assembly of the 2 Fe-S clusters.
The twin Cx2C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial MIA40-ERV1 disulfide relay system. The formation of 2 disulfide bonds in the Cx2C motifs through dithiol/disulfide exchange reactions effectively traps the protein in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.
Component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport II (ESCRT-II), which is required for multivesicular body (MVB) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs.
Decapping enzyme for NAD-capped RNAs: specifically hydrolyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) cap from a subset of RNAs by removing the entire NAD moiety from the 5'-end of an NAD-capped RNA (By similarity). The NAD-cap is present at the 5'-end of some RNAs and snoRNAs. In contrast to the canonical 5'-end N7 methylguanosine (m7G) cap, the NAD cap promotes mRNA decay (By similarity). Also acts as a non-canonical decapping enzyme that removes the entire cap structure of m7G capped or incompletely capped RNAs (By similarity). Has decapping activity toward incomplete 5'-end m7G cap mRNAs such as unmethylated 5'-end-capped RNA (cap0), while it has no activity toward 2'-O-ribose methylated m7G cap (cap1) (By similarity).
FAD-linked oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of zearalenone (ZEA), a nonsteroid estrogen that is a contaminant of cereal grains and causes estrogenic disorders in humans and animals (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The ZEA backbone is synthesized from a single acetyl-CoA molecule and eight malonyl-CoA molecules (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The reducing polyketide synthase ZEA2 is proposed to synthesize a reduced hexaketide intermediate by using different combinations of its reductive domains during each round of condensation (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:16751498, PubMed:18427109). The hexaketide thioester is then transacylated to the non-reducing polyketide synthase ZEA1 and is further condensed with three malonyl-CoAs without reductive tailoring to yield a mixed reduced/unreduced nonaketide (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 must be able to interact with ZEA2 to facilitate starter-unit acyltransfer and initiate polyketide biosynthesis (PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 also mediates the required C2-C7 cyclization to form the resorcylate core and catalyzes the formation of the macrolactone (PubMed:18427109). ZEB1 is then responsible for the chemical conversion of beta-zearalenonol (beta-ZOL) to ZEA in the biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:16262793).
Results in the loss of zearalenone production but still produces beta-zearalenonol (PubMed:16262793).
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA2 subunit family.
Binds to actin and affects the structure of the cytoskeleton. At high concentrations, profilin prevents the polymerization of actin, whereas it enhances it at low concentrations.
Occurs in many kinds of cells as a complex with monomeric actin in a 1:1 ratio.
Belongs to the UbiD family. UbiD-like/FDC subfamily.
Binds 1 prenylated FMN (prenyl-FMN) per subunit.
Catalyzes the reversible decarboxylation of aromatic carboxylic acids like ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid or cinnamic acid, producing the corresponding vinyl derivatives 4-vinylphenol, 4-vinylguaiacol, and styrene, respectively, which play the role of aroma metabolites.
Homodimer. May form higher order oligomers.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Fibrillarin family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EFM5 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that trimethylates elongation factor 1-alpha at 'Lys-79'.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. Twinfilin subfamily.
Belongs to the DASH complex SPC19 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
Belongs to the Glu/Leu/Phe/Val dehydrogenases family.
Belongs to the PpiC/parvulin rotamase family. PIN4 subfamily.
Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Magnesium or manganese.
Catalyzes the conversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to formate and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate.
Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase alpha subunit family.
Succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of ATP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The alpha subunit of the enzyme binds the substrates coenzyme A and phosphate, while succinate binding and nucleotide specificity is provided by the beta subunit.
Essential component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) protein assembly machinery. Required for the maturation of extramitochondrial Fe/S proteins.
Plays a role in vesicular protein sorting.
Flavoprotein (FP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL27 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS21 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit.
Required for the processing of the 20S rRNA-precursor to mature 18S rRNA in a late step of the maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits. Has a physiological role leading to 18S rRNA stability.
Catalytic subunit of an S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA methyltransferase complex that mediates the methylation of the guanosine nucleotide at position 10 (m2G10) in tRNAs.
Neddylation of cullins play an essential role in the regulation of SCF-type complexes activity.
Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC).
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), a ribosome-associated complex that mediates ubiquitination and extraction of incompletely synthesized nascent chains for proteasomal degradation.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS17 family.
Amidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase which is a subunit of the eIF4F complex involved in cap recognition and is required for mRNA binding to ribosome. In the current model of translation initiation, eIF4A unwinds RNA secondary structures in the 5'-UTR of mRNAs which is necessary to allow efficient binding of the small ribosomal subunit, and subsequent scanning for the initiator codon.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. eIF4A subfamily.
Component of the eIF4F complex, which composition varies with external and internal environmental conditions. It is composed of at least eIF4A, eIF4E and eIF4G.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. LDAH family.
Heterooligomeric complex of about 850 to 900 kDa that forms two stacked rings, 12 to 16 nm in diameter.
Acts as component of the CCR4-NOT core complex, which in the nucleus seems to be a general transcription factor, and in the cytoplasm the major mRNA deadenylase involved in mRNA turnover. The NOT protein subcomplex negatively regulates the basal and activated transcription of many genes. Preferentially affects TC-type TATA element-dependent transcription. Could directly or indirectly inhibit component(s) of the general transcription machinery.
Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Involved in chromosome stability (By similarity).
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Involved in chromosome stability.
Belongs to the eukaryotic-type primase small subunit family.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Fungal fatty acid synthetase subunit alpha family.
Fatty acid synthase is composed of alpha and beta subunits.
Fatty acid synthase subunit alpha; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Chaperone required for the export of the chitin synthase CHS3 from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Belongs to the nucleoporin interacting component (NIC) family.
Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family.
Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family.
Belongs to the GPI inositol-deacylase family.
Involved in inositol deacylation of GPI-anchored proteins which plays important roles in the quality control and ER-associated degradation of GPI-anchored proteins.
Belongs to the aspartate/ornithine carbamoyltransferase superfamily.
Involved in ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Regulatory factor in the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway that controls the turnover of proteasome substrates. Targets proteasomes to the nucleus and facilitates the degradation of nuclear proteins.
Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. Homoserine kinase subfamily.
Belongs to the peroxidase family. Cytochrome c peroxidase subfamily.
Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit.
Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
Forms a one-to-one complex with cytochrome c.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family.
Mannosylates Man(2)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate and Man(1)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate to form Man(3)GlcNAc(2)-dolichol diphosphate.
Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC23 subfamily.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS28 family.
Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase TruB family.
Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIIA subfamily.
The plasma membrane ATPase of plants and fungi is a hydrogen ion pump. The proton gradient it generates drives the active transport of nutrients by H(+)-symport. The resulting external acidification and/or internal alkinization may mediate growth responses.
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM9 and 3 copies of TIM10, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates directly with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit (By similarity).
Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Also required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space (By similarity).
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM10 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS25 family.
Probably involved in the biogenesis of the COX complex.
Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic60 family.
Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Plays a role in keeping cristae membranes connected to the inner boundary membrane. Also promotes protein import via the mitochondrial intermembrane space assembly (MIA) pathway.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis and is required for the normal formation of 18S rRNAs through pre-rRNA processing at A0, A1 and A2 sites. Required for vegetative growth (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX49/DBP8 subfamily.
C-8 sterol isomerase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG2 catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Surprisingly, does not show changed sensitivity to amines and does not lead to depletion of ergosterol.
Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family.
Belongs to the folylpolyglutamate synthase family.
Catalyzes conversion of folates to polyglutamate derivatives allowing concentration of folate compounds in the cell and the intracellular retention of these cofactors, which are important substrates for most of the folate-dependent enzymes that are involved in one-carbon transfer reactions involved in purine, pyrimidine and amino acid synthesis.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate 1-epimerase family.
Catalyzes the interconversion between the alpha and beta anomers from at least three hexose 6-phosphate sugars (Glc6P, Gal6P, and Man6P).
Acts in a DNA repair pathway for removal of UV-induced DNA damage that is distinct from classical nucleotide excision repair and in repair of ionizing radiation damage. Functions in homologous recombination repair of DNA double strand breaks and in recovery of stalled replication forks.
Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/SSL2, XPD/RAD3, SSL1, TFB1, TFB2, TFB4 and TFB5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CTD-kinase module TFIIK composed of CCL1, KIN28 and TFB3 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family.
Controls reversibly actin polymerization and depolymerization in a pH-sensitive manner. It has the ability to bind G- and F-actin in a 1:1 ratio of cofilin to actin. Binding to F-actin is regulated by tropomyosin. It is the major component of intranuclear and cytoplasmic actin rods. Required for accumulation of actin at the cell division site via depolymerizing actin at the cell ends. In association with myosin II has a role in the assembly of the contractile ring via severing actin filaments. Involved in the maintenance of the contractile ring once formed. In association with profilin and capping protein, has a role in the mitotic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity).
Catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate, via the formation of 2-isopropylmaleate.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. NifS/IscS subfamily.
Has a role in mitochondrial fission. Has a role in outer membrane fission but not matrix separation (By similarity).
Has a role in mitochondrial fission. Has a role in outer membrane fission but not matrix separation.
The C-terminus is required for mitochondrial localization, while the N-terminus is necessary for mitochondrial fission.
Belongs to the DASH complex DAD3 family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-independent O-methyltransferase family.
O-methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Belongs to the membrane magnesium transporter (TC 1.A.67) family.
Belongs to the class-II pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family.
Thioredoxin reductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2).
Belongs to the activator 1 large subunit family.
Component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Essential component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
Belongs to the purine-cytosine permease (2.A.39) family.
Forms a chaperone-bound H2A.Z-H2B complex that acts as a source for SWR1 complex-dependent H2A to H2A.Z histone replacement in chromatin.
Forms a heterotrimer with H2A.Z-H2B, stabilizing the association of the histone dimer. Also, with a lower affinity, forms a heterotrimer with H2A-H2B.
FAD-linked oxidoreductase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Impairs the production of aurofusarin and leads to the accumulation of a light yellow pigment (PubMed:16879655).
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL28 family.
Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks. Arp2/3 complex plays a critical role in the control of cell morphogenesis via the modulation of cell polarity development.
Belongs to the glutamate synthase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic AdoMetDC family.
Belongs to the MsrA Met sulfoxide reductase family.
Required for growth under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions.
Mediates GPI anchoring in the endoplasmic reticulum, by replacing a protein's C-terminal GPI attachment signal peptide with a pre-assembled GPI. During this transamidation reaction, the GPI transamidase forms a carbonyl intermediate with the substrate protein.
Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen.
Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 1 subfamily.
Belongs to the protoporphyrinogen/coproporphyrinogen oxidase family. Protoporphyrinogen oxidase subfamily.
Catalyzes the 6-electron oxidation of protoporphyrinogen-IX to form protoporphyrin-IX.
Belongs to the TrkH potassium transport family.
Belongs to the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL14 family.
Belongs to the dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs. Specifically modifies U47 in cytoplasmic tRNAs (By similarity). Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine in some mRNAs, thereby affecting their translation.
Belongs to the NUP186/NUP192/NUP205 family.
Required for multiple vacuole delivery pathways including the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), autophagy, pexophagy and endocytosis.
Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
Involved in maceration and soft-rotting of plant tissue.
Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
Required for respiratory activity and maintenance and expression of the mitochondrial genome.
Belongs to the DASH complex DAD2 family.
TFIIA is a component of the transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II and plays an important role in transcriptional activation. TFIIA in a complex with TBP mediates transcriptional activity.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the HesA/MoeB/ThiF family. UBA4 subfamily.
Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of cytosolic tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Also essential during biosynthesis of the molybdenum cofactor. Acts by mediating the C-terminal thiocarboxylation of sulfur carriers urm1 and MOCS2A. Its N-terminus first activates urm1 and MOCS2A as acyl-adenylates (-COAMP), then the persulfide sulfur on the catalytic cysteine is transferred to urm1 and MOCS2A to form thiocarboxylation (-COSH) of their C-terminus. The reaction probably involves hydrogen sulfide that is generated from the persulfide intermediate and that acts as nucleophile towards urm1 and MOCS2A. Subsequently, a transient disulfide bond is formed. Does not use thiosulfate as sulfur donor; nfs1 probably acting as a sulfur donor for thiocarboxylation reactions.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family. Adenine deaminase type 2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenine to hypoxanthine. Plays an important role in the purine salvage pathway and in nitrogen catabolism.
Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-5 (PP-T) subfamily.
Belongs to the sterol desaturase family.
C-5 sterol desaturase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:24785759). ERG3A and ERG3BB catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Leads to a severe decrease in ergosterol production and virulence when ERG3B is also deleted (PubMed:23442154). Results in increased production of deoxynivalenol (DON) (PubMed:24785759).
The histidine box domains may contain the active site and/or be involved in metal ion binding.
Binds 2 magnesium ions. Also active with manganese.
Polymerase that creates the 3'-poly(A) tail of mRNA's.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 4 subfamily.
Required for N-linked oligosaccharide assembly. Has a role in the last step of the synthesis of the Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-dolichol core oligosaccharide on the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Decreases the amounts of 4,4-dimethylergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol, the product of the Fusarium sterol 14-alpha demethylases (PubMed:23442154). Leads to reduced ability to produce conidia (PubMed:20955812). Results in increased sensitivity to tebuconazole, diniconazole, difenoconazole, flutriafol and prochloraz, but not to triadimefon and propiconazole (PubMed:20955812). Affects ergosterol production in the presence of ebuconazole or triadimefon (PubMed:20955812). Reduces virulence on host wheat ears (PubMed:23442154). Host-induced gene silencing of the 3 genes encoding sterol C14-alpha-demethylase leads to strong resistance of host to Fusarium species (PubMed:24218613).
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:20955812). CYP51C, does not seem to encode an active sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears (PubMed:20955812). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the pyridoxal phosphate-binding protein YggS/PROSC family.
Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-binding protein, which may be involved in intracellular homeostatic regulation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6.
Belongs to the sterol desaturase family. SCS7 subfamily.
Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit that likely form a catalytic dimetal center.
Ceramide hydroxylase involved in the hydroxylation of sphingolipid-associated very long chain fatty acids. Postulated to hydroxylate the very long chain fatty acid of dihydroceramides and phytoceramides at C-2.
Aminocarboxypropyltransferase that catalyzes the aminocarboxypropyl transfer on pseudouridine at position 1191 (Psi1191) in 18S rRNA. It constitutes the last step in biosynthesis of the hypermodified N1-methyl-N3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl) pseudouridine (m1acp3-Psi) conserved in eukaryotic 18S rRNA.
Belongs to the TDD superfamily. TSR3 family.
Belongs to the peptidase M24A family. Methionine aminopeptidase type 1 subfamily.
Belongs to the alternative oxidase family.
Catalyzes cyanide-resistant oxygen consumption. May increase respiration when the cytochrome respiratory pathway is restricted, or in response to low temperatures.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. UMP-CMP kinase subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphates at the expense of ATP. Plays an important role in de novo pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis. Has preference for UMP and dUMP as phosphate acceptors, but can also use CMP, dCMP and AMP.
Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon ATP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent ATP hydrolysis.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family.
Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family. XRN2/RAT1 subfamily.
Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. Required for the processing of nuclear mRNA and rRNA precursors. May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
Possesses 5'->3' exoribonuclease activity. Required for the processing of nuclear mRNA and rRNA precursors. May promote termination of transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the Clp1 family. Clp1 subfamily.
Component of a pre-mRNA cleavage factor complex. Interacts directly with PCF11.
May lack the polyribonucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase and polynucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase activities that are characteristic of the human ortholog.
Required for endonucleolytic cleavage during polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL46 family.
Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain. The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel.
Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.
Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.
Belongs to the calcineurin regulatory subunit family.
Composed of a catalytic subunit (A) and a regulatory subunit (B).
Regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a calcium-dependent, calmodulin stimulated protein phosphatase. Confers calcium sensitivity.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
Specifically methylates the N1 position of guanosine-37 in various cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs. Methylation is not dependent on the nature of the nucleoside 5' of the target nucleoside. This is the first step in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW), a modified base adjacent to the anticodon of tRNAs and required for accurate decoding.
Belongs to the galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase type 1 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.
Belongs to the dermatan-sulfate isomerase family.
Activated by a monovalent cation that binds near, but not in, the active site. The most likely occupant of the site in vivo is potassium. Ion binding induces a conformational change that may alter substrate affinity.
Belongs to the carbohydrate kinase PfkB family. Ribokinase subfamily.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of ribose at O-5 in a reaction requiring ATP and magnesium. The resulting D-ribose-5-phosphate can then be used either for sythesis of nucleotides, histidine, and tryptophan, or as a component of the pentose phosphate pathway.
Requires a divalent cation, most likely magnesium in vivo, as an electrophilic catalyst to aid phosphoryl group transfer. It is the chelate of the metal and the nucleotide that is the actual substrate.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase B chain family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. In yeast, the dimeric form of ATP synthase consists of 17 polypeptides: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, 4 (B), 5 (OSCP), 6 (A), 8, 9 (C), d, E (Tim11), f, g, h, i/j and k.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain and the peripheric stalk, which acts as a stator to hold the catalytic alpha(3)beta(3) subcomplex and subunit a/ATP6 static relative to the rotary elements.
Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins.
Component of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family. GlgB subfamily.
Catalyzes the reduction of 3-ketodihydrosphingosine (KDS) to dihydrosphingosine (DHS).
Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DCP2 subfamily.
Belongs to the cerato-ulmin hydrophobin family.
Belongs to the JHDM3 histone demethylase family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase D subfamily.
Plays a central role in 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). May act by forming a heterodimer with NCS6 that ligates sulfur from thiocarboxylated URM1 onto the uridine of tRNAs at wobble position. Prior mcm(5) tRNA modification by the elongator complex is required for 2-thiolation. May also be involved in protein urmylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
Component of the ER-mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) or MDM complex, composed of MMM1, MDM10, MDM12 and MDM34. A MMM1 homodimer associates with one molecule of MDM12 on each side in a pairwise head-to-tail manner, and the SMP-LTD domains of MMM1 and MDM12 generate a continuous hydrophobic tunnel for phospholipid trafficking.
Component of the ERMES/MDM complex, which serves as a molecular tether to connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Components of this complex are involved in the control of mitochondrial shape and protein biogenesis, and function in nonvesicular lipid trafficking between the ER and mitochondria. MDM12 is required for the interaction of the ER-resident membrane protein MMM1 and the outer mitochondrial membrane-resident beta-barrel protein MDM10. The MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex functions in the major beta-barrel assembly pathway that is responsible for biogenesis of all mitochondrial outer membrane beta-barrel proteins, and acts in a late step after the SAM complex. The MDM10-MDM12-MMM1 subcomplex further acts in the TOM40-specific pathway after the action of the MDM12-MMM1 complex. Essential for establishing and maintaining the structure of mitochondria and maintenance of mtDNA nucleoids.
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene synthases family.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome composed of at least 40 protein subunits and snoRNA U3. Interacts with snoRNA U3. Interacts with MPP10, KRI1 and with ribosomal proteins RPS1A, RPS4A, RPS4B, RPS8A, RPS8B, RPS11A, RPS11B, RPS13, RPS24, RPS25, RPL4A, RPL7B, RPL8, RPL23, RPL25 and RPL28.
Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly. Essential for vegetative growth.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. LaeA methyltransferase family.
Component of the heterotrimeric velvet complex composed of laeA, ve1 and velB; Ve1 acting as a bridging protein between laeA and velB (By similarity). Interacts directly with veA (PubMed:23874628).
Constitutively expressed under both trichothecenes mycotoxin production and sexual development conditions (PubMed:23874628).
Methyltransferase that performs automethylation (By similarity). No other methyl-accepting substrate has been identified yet (By similarity). Component of the velvet transcription factor complex that acts as a global regulator for secondary metabolite gene expression (PubMed:23874628). Controls the expression of the mycotoxins trichothecenes and zearalenon gene clusters (PubMed:23874628). Negatively controls perithecial induction, but positively controls virulence toward the host plant (PubMed:23874628).
Reduces strongly expression of the transcription factors TRI6 and ZEB2 that control the biosynthesis of the mycotoxins trichothecenes and zearalenon, respectively (PubMed:23874628). Exhibits an earlier induction of sexual fruiting body (perithecia) formation and drastically reduces disease symptoms in wheat (PubMed:23874628).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. gTMT family.
This enzyme is involved in nucleotide metabolism: it produces dUMP, the immediate precursor of thymidine nucleotides and it decreases the intracellular concentration of dUTP so that uracil cannot be incorporated into DNA.
Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. TrmE GTPase family.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 81 family.
Adaptins are components of the adaptor complexes which link clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles. Clathrin-associated protein complexes are believed to interact with the cytoplasmic tails of membrane proteins, leading to their selection and concentration.
Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family. SmF/LSm6 subfamily.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. NAA40 subfamily.
Participates in the folding of proteins containing disulfide bonds, may be involved in glycosylation, prolyl hydroxylation and triglyceride transfer.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 51 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
Conditions for carbon-, nitrogen-, or phosphorus-starvations lead to very low expression (PubMed:16262793). Increase in pH results in gradual reduction of the gene expression (PubMed:16262793).
Impairs the expression of the zearalenone biosynthesis cluster genes and results in the loss of beta-zearalenonol and zearalenone production (PubMed:16262793).
Transcription factor that specifically controls transcription of the zearalenone biosynthesis cluster genes (PubMed:16262793).
Belongs to the glutamate--cysteine ligase type 3 family.
Catalytic tRNA acetyltransferase subunit of the elongator complex, which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine). In the elongator complex, acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase by mediating formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs.
Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. MasA/MtnC family.
Bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the enolization of 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P) into the intermediate 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate (HK-MTPenyl-1-P), which is then dephosphorylated to form the acireductone 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene (DHK-MTPene).
Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.
Expected to bind 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit.
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates.
Belongs to the GTP-binding elongation factor family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
Mitochondrial GTPase that catalyzes the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation. During this step, the ribosome changes from the pre-translocational (PRE) to the post-translocational (POST) state as the newly formed A-site-bound peptidyl-tRNA and P-site-bound deacylated tRNA move to the P and E sites, respectively. Catalyzes the coordinated movement of the two tRNA molecules, the mRNA and conformational changes in the ribosome.
Belongs to the peptidase C69 family. Secernin subfamily.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. MOCOS subfamily.
Sulfurates the molybdenum cofactor. Sulfation of molybdenum is essential for xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and aldehyde oxidase (ADO) enzymes in which molybdenum cofactor is liganded by 1 oxygen and 1 sulfur atom in active form.
Involved in cell wall synthesis where it is required for glycosylation. Involved in cell cycle progression through cell-size checkpoint.
Long-chain fatty alcohol oxidase involved in the omega-oxidation pathway of lipid degradation.
Catalyzes the sterospecific oxidation of primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes. The biologically relevant substrate of the enzyme is not known as the enzyme exhibits broad substrate specificity from small alcohols through sugars to oligo- and polysaccharides (By similarity).
Galactose oxidase contains a protein-derived free radical cofactor (By similarity). In the active state, Tyr-313, which is cross-linked to Cys-269 via a thioether bond, is oxidized to a radical and acts with Cu(2+) as a two-electron acceptor in the oxidation reaction. The cross-link is believed to modulate the redox potential of the tyrosyl radical, which is further stabilized by a stacking interaction with Trp-331 in the active site. The post-translational formation of the cross-link is closely linked to the propeptide cleavage event, and both are copper-dependent, autocatalytic processes. The propeptide may act as an intramolecular chaperone, facilitating thioester bond formation and copper binding by positioning of active-site residues, including copper ligands (By similarity).
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin family.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family.
Belongs to the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase family. Type 1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate with fumarate as the electron acceptor.
Catalytic component of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. Acetylates Lys-12 of histone H4 which is required for telomeric silencing. Has intrinsic substrate specificity that modifies lysine in recognition sequence GXGKXG. Involved in DNA double-strand break repair.
Catalytic component of the histone acetylase B (HAT-B) complex. Has intrinsic substrate specificity that modifies lysine in recognition sequence GXGKXG. Involved in DNA double-strand break repair.
Component of the HAT-B complex composed of at least HAT1 and HAT2. The HAT-B complex binds to histone H4 tail (By similarity).
Acts as a regulatory subunit of the 26 proteasome which is involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S2 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL24 family.
Belongs to the phage and mitochondrial RNA polymerase family.
Adds the second glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(1)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol (By similarity).
Adds the second glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation. Transfers glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) onto the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(1)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.
Expression is regulated by the aurofusarin biosynthesis cluster-specific transcription facto aurR1/GIP2 (PubMed:16461721).
Transcription factor that may participate in the regulation of the expression of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655, PubMed:16461721).
Belongs to the mandelate racemase/muconate lactonizing enzyme family. GlucD subfamily.
Autophagy-specific protein that functions with ATG13, ATG29, and CIS1/ATG31 in response to autophagy-inducing signals as a scaffold to recruit other ATG proteins to organize pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) formation (By similarity). Modulates the timing and magnitude of the autophagy response, such as the size of the sequestering vesicles, through interacting with and regulating ATG1 kinase activity (By similarity). Plays particularly a role in pexophagy and nucleophagy (By similarity). With ATG13, is required for ATG1 activation by autophosphorylation (By similarity). Recruits ATG9 to the pre-autophagosomal structure (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Forms a complex with ATG13, ATG29 and CIS1/ATG31 (By similarity). The ATG17-ATG29-ATG31 complex interacts with the ATG1-ATG13 complex (By similarity). Forms a complex with SNX4 and ATG20 (By similarity). Interacts with ATG11 (By similarity).
Supercomplex made of cofactors A to E. Cofactors A and D function by capturing and stabilizing tubulin in a quasi-native conformation. Cofactor E binds to the cofactor D-tubulin complex; interaction with cofactor C then causes the release of tubulin polypeptides that are committed to the native state.
Probable component of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway.
Belongs to the thioesterase PaaI family.
Catalyzes the second and fifth step in the 'de novo' purine biosynthesis pathway; contains phosphoribosylamine--glycine ligase (GARS) and phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase (AIRS) activities.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the AIR synthase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the GARS family.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. Suvar4-20 subfamily.
Histone methyltransferase that trimethylates 'Lys-20' of histone H4 to form H4K20me3.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.
Part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the lipopeptide fusaristatin A (PubMed:25412204). Fusaristatin A consists of a polyketide chain linked to three amino acid residues glutamine (Gln), dehydroalanine (dehydro-Ala), and beta-aminoisobutyric acid (PubMed:25412204). The biosynthesis starts with formation of a linear polyketide chain by the highly reducing polyketide synthase PKS6 (PubMed:25412204). The gene cluster does not contain an acyl-CoA ligase or an acyl-transferase, and it is therefore predicted that the polyketide is transferred directly to the nonribosomal peptide synthetase NRPS7 (Probable). Modules 1-3 from NRPS7 incorporate dehydro-Ala, Gln, and beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the compound, which is released by cyclization (PubMed:25412204). The beta-aminoisobutyric acid units are most likely not freely available to the NRPS, but can be synthesized from thymine, which requires a dehydrogenase, a monooxygenase, and an aminotransferase. The fusaristatin A cluster contains a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (FGSG_08207) and an aminotransferase (FGSG_17085), which theoretically can perform two of the enzymatic steps (Probable). The enzymes may however also be involved in biosynthesis of dehydroalanine or modification of the polyketide (Probable). The dehydro-Ala residue can be a result of cyclization, where serine is dehydrated (Probable). The last gene of the cluster encodes a protein with an A/B barrel domain found in variable enzymes, which hampers functional prediction (Probable).
Belongs to the peroxidase family. Peroxidase/catalase subfamily.
Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group per monomer.
Formation of the three residue Trp-Tyr-Met cross-link is important for the catalase, but not the peroxidase activity of the enzyme.
tRNA nucleus export receptor which facilitates tRNA translocation across the nuclear pore complex. Involved in pre-tRNA splicing, probably by affecting the interaction of pre-tRNA with splicing endonuclease.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family.
Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non-reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 1 family.
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.
Putative acetyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Belongs to the complex I NDUFB11 subunit family.
Required for retention of late Golgi membrane proteins. Component of the retrieval machinery that functions by direct interaction with the cytosolic tails of certain TGN membrane proteins during the sorting/budding process at the prevacuolar compartment. Binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)) (By similarity).
The PX domain binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate which is necessary for peripheral membrane localization.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S14 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS8 family. Ribosome biogenesis protein NSA2 subfamily.
Component of the pre-66S ribosomal particle. Interacts with NOP7 and RRP1. Interacts with RSA4 (via WD repeats).
Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. May play a part in the quality control of pre-60S particles.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in transcription regulation. Phosphorylates the UBC2/RAD6 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), leading to monoubiquitination of histone H2B and the silencing of telomeric-associated genes. Also required for histone H3 methylation. Necessary for the recovery from pheromone-induced growth arrest in the cell cycle G1 phase (By similarity).
Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Belongs to the aldolase class II family. MtnB subfamily.
Catalyzes the dehydration of methylthioribulose-1-phosphate (MTRu-1-P) into 2,3-diketo-5-methylthiopentyl-1-phosphate (DK-MTP-1-P).
Functions as a component of the DNA-binding general transcription factor complex TFIID and the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complexes SAGA and SLIK. Binding of TFIID to a promoter (with or without TATA element) is the initial step in preinitiation complex (PIC) formation. TFIID plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression by RNA polymerase II through different activities such as transcription activator interaction, core promoter recognition and selectivity, TFIIA and TFIIB interaction, chromatin modification (histone acetylation), facilitation of DNA opening and initiation of transcription. SAGA is required for recruitment of the basal transcription machinery. SLIK is proposed to have partly overlapping functions with SAGA.
Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. SLC24A subfamily.
Aminotransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Plays a role in maintenance of chromatin structure during RNA polymerase II transcription elongation thereby repressing transcription initiation from cryptic promoters. Mediates the reassembly of nucleosomes onto the promoters of at least a selected set of genes during repression; the nucleosome reassembly is essential for transcriptional repression (By similarity).
Plays a role in maintenance of chromatin structure during RNA polymerase II transcription elongation thereby repressing transcription initiation from cryptic promoters. Mediates the reassembly of nucleosomes onto the promoters of at least a selected set of genes during repression; the nucleosome reassembly is essential for transcriptional repression.
Binds to both phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) (By similarity).
Lipase which is essential for lysis of subvacuolar cytoplasm to vacuole targeted bodies and intravacuolar autophagic bodies (By similarity). Involved in the lysis of intravacuolar multivesicular body (MVB) vesicles (By similarity). The intravacuolar membrane disintegration by ATG15 is critical to life span extension (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation (PubMed:28894236). Reduces strongly the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Ubiquitin-protein ligase which is mainly involved pre-mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome.
Involved in nuclear export, actin cytoskeleton organization and vesicular transport.
Catalyzes the dehydration of the S-form of NAD(P)HX at the expense of ATP, which is converted to ADP. Together with NAD(P)HX epimerase, which catalyzes the epimerization of the S- and R-forms, the enzyme allows the repair of both epimers of NAD(P)HX, a damaged form of NAD(P)H that is a result of enzymatic or heat-dependent hydration.
Belongs to the dolichyldiphosphatase family.
Required for efficient N-glycosylation. Necessary for maintaining optimal levels of dolichol-linked oligosaccharides. Hydrolyzes dolichyl pyrophosphate at a very high rate and dolichyl monophosphate at a much lower rate. Does not act on phosphatidate.
ATP-dependent serine protease that mediates the selective degradation of misfolded, unassembled or oxidatively damaged polypeptides as well as certain short-lived regulatory proteins in the mitochondrial matrix. May also have a chaperone function in the assembly of inner membrane protein complexes. Participates in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression and in the maintenance of the integrity of the mitochondrial genome. Binds to mitochondrial DNA in a site-specific manner.
Homohexamer or homoheptamer. Organized in a ring with a central cavity.
Regulates the cell cycle in a nutrient dependent manner.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL34 family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.
Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication.
Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC).
Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. CSN6 subfamily.
Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes.
Belongs to the nucleosome assembly protein (NAP) family.
Belongs to the DASH complex DAD1 family.
This enzyme is required for electron transfer from NADP to cytochrome P450.
Adds the first Dol-P-Man derived mannose in an alpha-1,3 linkage to Man(5)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase epsilon family.
Activated by tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily. HOG1 sub-subfamily.
Dually phosphorylated on Thr-171 and Tyr-173, which activates the enzyme.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in a signal transduction pathway that is activated by changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular environment. Controls osmotic regulation of transcription of target genes (By similarity).
Mitogen-activated protein kinase involved in a signal transduction pathway that is activated by changes in the osmolarity of the extracellular environment. Controls osmotic regulation of transcription of target genes.
The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
Belongs to the ferredoxin--NADP reductase type 1 family.
Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. MSH3 subfamily.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family. NUBP1/NBP35 subfamily.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC4 subfamily.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol (DMQH2) during ubiquinone biosynthesis. Has also a structural role in the COQ enzyme complex, stabilizing other COQ polypeptides.
Component of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex.
Regulatory subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; essential for the ER localization.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS23 family.
Component of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
Catalyzes the transfer of a geranyl-geranyl moiety from geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate to cysteines occuring in specific C-terminal amino acid sequences.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. PFA3 subfamily.
Palmitoyltransferase specific for VAC8. Palmitoylates VAC8 at one or more of its N-terminal cysteine residues, which is required for its proper membrane localization (By similarity).
IGPS catalyzes the conversion of PRFAR and glutamine to IGP, AICAR and glutamate. The glutaminase domain produces the ammonia necessary for the cyclase domain to produce IGP and AICAR from PRFAR. The ammonia is channeled to the active site of the cyclase domain.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the HisA/HisF family.
Belongs to the WD repeat DCAF13/WDSOF1 family.
Belongs to the complex I LYR family. SDHAF3 subfamily.
Interacts with the iron-sulfur protein subunit within the SDH catalytic dimer.
Plays an essential role in the assembly of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), an enzyme complex (also referred to as respiratory complex II) that is a component of both the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and which couples the oxidation of succinate to fumarate with the reduction of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q) to ubiquinol. Promotes maturation of the iron-sulfur protein subunit of the SDH catalytic dimer, protecting it from the deleterious effects of oxidants. May act together with SDHAF1.
Belongs to the aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase family.
The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. The coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins.
Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 1 family.
Belongs to the enhancer of polycomb family.
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Involved in gene silencing by neighboring heterochromatin, blockage of the silencing spreading along the chromosome, and required for cell cycle progression through G2/M (By similarity).
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Involved in gene silencing by neighboring heterochromatin, blockage of the silencing spreading along the chromosome, and required for cell cycle progression through G2/M.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RMT2 methyltransferase family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-arginine N-methyltransferase that methylates the delta-nitrogen atom of arginine residues to form N5-methylarginine (type IV) in target proteins. Monomethylates ribosomal protein L12.
Plays a role in maintaining the mitochondrial genome and in controlling the mtDNA escape. Involved in the regulation of mtDNA nucleotide structure and number. May have a dispensable role in early maturation of pre-rRNA.
Expression correlates with aurofusarin production and is restricted to vegetative mycelia (PubMed:16461721). Expression is negatively regulated by the MAPK-mediated osmotic stress-signaling pathway (PubMed:17897620).
Leads to an albinos phenotype (PubMed:16879655). Inactivates the expression of the aurofusarin biosynthetic gene cluster (PubMed:16879655, PubMed:16461721).
Transcription factor that specifically regulates the expression of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655, PubMed:16461721).
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the first alpha-1,4-mannose to GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly. Required for cell wall integrity (By similarity).
Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the first alpha-1,4-mannose to GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly. Required for cell wall integrity.
Belongs to the non-repetitive/WGA-negative nucleoporin family.
Belongs to the TFIIE beta subunit family.
Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase.
Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). The 2 nonribosomal peptide synthetases NRPS9 and NRPS5 form an assembly line which likely utilizes GABA as a starter unit (loaded on the unique module M1 of NRPS9) and sequentially incorporates seven extender units composed of the residues L-Ala, L-allo-Ile, L-Ser, L-Val, L-Ser, L-Leu and L-Leu, respectively (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). During the process, each of the residues that are tethered on modules M3-M7 of NRPS5 containing an E domain can undergo an epimerization reaction to produce a D-configuration before the transpeptidation reaction occurs (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). The elongation of the peptidyl chain might be terminated by module M8-mediated L-Leu incorporation, followed by R domain-catalyzed 4 electron reduction to release the resulting octapeptide from the assembly line as an alcohol (PubMed:30804501, PubMed:31100892). Fusaoctaxin A is cleaved by the cluster specific ABC transporter FGM5 to the pentapeptide fusapentaxin A and the tripeptide fusatrixin A (PubMed:31100892). The other enzymes from the cluster, FGM1, FGM2, FGM3 and FGM9 seem not to be involved in the biosynthesis of fusaoctaxin A and their functions have still to be determined (Probable).
Belongs to the VEFS (VRN2-EMF2-FIS2-SU(Z)12) family.
Impairs autofusarin biosynthesis and leads to a yellow pigmentation via accumulation of the intermediate rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Catalyzes the prenylation of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHB) with an all-trans polyprenyl group. Mediates the second step in the final reaction sequence of coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis, which is the condensation of the polyisoprenoid side chain with PHB, generating the first membrane-bound Q intermediate.
Component of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel, protecting the emerging polypeptides from interaction with other cytoplasmic proteins to ensure appropriate nascent protein targeting. The NAC complex also promotes mitochondrial protein import by enhancing productive ribosome interactions with the outer mitochondrial membrane and blocks the inappropriate interaction of ribosomes translating non-secretory nascent polypeptides with translocation sites in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. EGD2 may also be involved in transcription regulation (By similarity).
Part of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), consisting of EGD2 and EGD1. NAC associates with ribosomes via EGD1 (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycerate kinase type-1 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA43 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Belongs to the WD repeat IPI3/WDR18 family.
Component of the RIX1 complex required for processing of ITS2 sequences from 35S pre-rRNA.
Component of the RIX1 complex, composed of IPI1, RIX1/IPI2 and IPI3 in a 1:2:2 stoichiometry. The complex interacts (via RIX1) with MDN1 (via its hexameric AAA ATPase ring) and the pre-60S ribosome particles.
Probable helicase, member of the UBC2/RAD6 epistasis group. Functions with DNA repair protein RAD18 in error-free postreplication DNA repair. Involved in the maintenance of wild-type rates of instability of simple repetitive sequences such as poly(GT) repeats. Seems to be involved in maintaining a balance which acts in favor of error-prone non-homologous joining during DNA double-strand breaks repairs (By similarity).
Acts in DNA repair and mutagenesis. Involved in promoting resistance to ionizing radiation and UV light, as well as regulating cell cycle progression after irradiation.
Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain (By similarity).
Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 6 family.
Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery.
ATP-dependent rRNA helicase required for pre-ribosomal RNA processing. Involved in the maturation of the 35S-pre-rRNA and to its cleavage to mature 18S rRNA.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX47/RRP3 subfamily.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL11 family.
RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. This subunit can bind 18S rRNA.
Probable acetyltransferase, which acetylates the inositol ring of phosphatidylinositol during biosynthesis of GPI-anchor.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class III subfamily.
Secreted metalloproteinase that allows assimilation of proteinaceous substrates.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 45 (cellulase K) family.
Belongs to the carbohydrate esterase 1 (CE1) family.
Esterase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose.
Belongs to the FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Trifunctional enzyme bearing the Gln amidotransferase (GATase) domain of anthranilate synthase, indole-glycerolphosphate synthase, and phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase activities.
Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The SRP complex interacts with the signal sequence in nascent secretory and membrane proteins and directs them to the membrane of the ER.
Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. UNG family.
Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine.
Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. HMG-CoA synthase family.
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase; part of the first module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the early steps of the pathway, conserved across all eukaryotes, and which results in the formation of mevalonate from acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (By similarity). ERG13 condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) (By similarity). The first module starts with the action of the cytosolic acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase ERG10B that catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA. The hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthases ERG13 then condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA. The rate-limiting step of the early module is the reduction to mevalonate by the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductases HMG1 (Probable).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS5 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC9 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Plays a role in determining ER morphology.
The C4-type zinc finger motif is necessary both for its ER three-way tubular junction localization and formation.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS25 family.
Belongs to the DDOST 48 kDa subunit family.
Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex.
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
In the 2nd section; belongs to the type-I 3-dehydroquinase family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the shikimate kinase family.
Component of the TIM23 complex, at least composed of TIM23, TIM17, TIM50 and TIM21.
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Required to keep the TOM and the TIM23 complexes in close contact. At some point, it is released from the TOM23 complex to allow protein translocation into the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity).
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 9 family.
Belongs to the NAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL39 family.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFS4 subunit family.
Forms a complex with ATG20 and ATG17 (By similarity).
Sorting nexin involved in the separation or division of vacuoles throughout the entire life cycle of the cells (By similarity). Involved in retrieval of late-Golgi SNAREs from post-Golgi endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt), mitophagy, and pexophagy (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The PX domain binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate which is necessary for peripheral membrane localization to the perivacuolar punctate structures.
Belongs to the anthrone oxygenase family.
Component of the cleavage factor IA (CFIA) complex, which is involved in the endonucleolytic cleavage during polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation.
Belongs to the TFIIF beta subunit family.
Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis. The main function of this enzyme is to provide reducing power (NADPH) and pentose phosphates for fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis.
Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex.
In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape.
Belongs to the OMP decarboxylase family.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS3 family.
Molecular chaperone; assists the folding of proteins upon ATP hydrolysis. Known to play a role, in vitro, in the folding of actin and tubulin.
Belongs to the threonine aldolase family.
Component of the nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC), a dynamic component of the ribosomal exit tunnel, protecting the emerging polypeptides from interaction with other cytoplasmic proteins to ensure appropriate nascent protein targeting. The NAC complex also promotes mitochondrial protein import by enhancing productive ribosome interactions with the outer mitochondrial membrane and blocks the inappropriate interaction of ribosomes translating non-secretory nascent polypeptides with translocation sites in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. EGD1 may act as a transcription factor that exert a negative effect on the expression of several genes that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the alkaline ceramidase family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS19 family.
Involved in concentration and sorting of cargo proteins of the multivesicular body (MVB) for incorporation into intralumenal vesicles.
Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
Component of the SPT4-SPT5 complex. Interacts with RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Peptidase M19 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that specifically methylates the N(1) position of an adenine present in helix 65 in 25S rRNA.
Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 3 family.
E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy (By similarity). Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 and ATG8 for its conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine (By similarity). Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes (By similarity). Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with ATG8 through a thioester bond between Cys-550 and the C-terminal 'Gly-116' of ATG8 and with ATG12 through a thioester bond between Cys-550 and the C-terminal 'Gly-160' of ATG12 (By similarity). Interacts also with ATG3 (By similarity).
Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236). Reduces strongly the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The C-terminal residues 650 to 689 are required for homodimerization, as well as the interactions with ATG3, ATG8 and ATG12; and the C-terminal 17 residues are required for the ATG8 lipidation (By similarity).
The GxGxxG motif is important for the function, possibly through binding with ATP (By similarity).
Belongs to the LIMR family. LMBRD1 subfamily.
Probable lysosomal cobalamin transporter. Required to export cobalamin from lysosomes allowing its conversion to cofactors.
Participates in the formation of the lipid-linked precursor oligosaccharide for N-glycosylation. Involved in assembling the dolichol-pyrophosphate-GlcNAc(2)-Man(5) intermediate on the cytoplasmic surface of the ER.
Belongs to the D-isomer specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase family. FDH subfamily.
Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of formate to carbon dioxide. Formate oxidation is the final step in the methanol oxidation pathway in methylotrophic microorganisms. Has a role in the detoxification of exogenous formate in non-methylotrophic organisms.
Binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex in the cytoplasm. Is also involved in ribosome biogenesis. Associates with pre-60S subunits in the nucleus and is involved in its nuclear export.
Monomer. Associates with the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Phosphorylation at Ser-174 and Ser-175 promotes nuclear export.
2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Glutamate decarboxylase-like protein; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. ARD1 subfamily.
Belongs to the WD repeat PRL1/PRL2 family.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing and required for cell cycle progression at G2/M.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL3 subfamily.
Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase subfamily.
Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 2 family.
Hydrolyzes fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins with a strong preference for palmitoylated G-alpha proteins over other acyl substrates. Mediates the deacylation of G-alpha proteins such as GPA1 in vivo, but has weak or no activity toward palmitoylated Ras proteins. Has weak lysophospholipase activity in vitro; however such activity may not exist in vivo.
Belongs to the GTP cyclohydrolase I family.
Belongs to the 40S cdc5-associated complex (or cwf complex), a spliceosome sub-complex reminiscent of a late-stage spliceosome.
Involved in mRNA splicing where it associates with cdc5 and the other cwf proteins as part of the spliceosome.
Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup85 family.
Component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
Functions as a component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
Small GTPase required for proper localization of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein beta subunit family.
F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments (By similarity).
F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments.
Alpha-L-fucosidase is responsible for hydrolyzing the alpha-1,6-linked fucose joined to the reducing-end N-acetylglucosamine of the carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 29 family.
Belongs to the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase family. PSD-B subfamily. Eukaryotic type I sub-subfamily.
Binds 1 pyruvoyl group covalently per subunit.
Catalyzes the formation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn) from phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). Plays a central role in phospholipid metabolism and in the interorganelle trafficking of phosphatidylserine.
Heterodimer of a large membrane-associated beta subunit and a small pyruvoyl-containing alpha subunit.
Is synthesized initially as an inactive proenzyme. Formation of the active enzyme involves a self-maturation process in which the active site pyruvoyl group is generated from an internal serine residue via an autocatalytic post-translational modification. Two non-identical subunits are generated from the proenzyme in this reaction, and the pyruvate is formed at the N-terminus of the alpha chain, which is derived from the carboxyl end of the proenzyme. The autoendoproteolytic cleavage occurs by a canonical serine protease mechanism, in which the side chain hydroxyl group of the serine supplies its oxygen atom to form the C-terminus of the beta chain, while the remainder of the serine residue undergoes an oxidative deamination to produce ammonia and the pyruvoyl prosthetic group on the alpha chain. During this reaction, the Ser that is part of the protease active site of the proenzyme becomes the pyruvoyl prosthetic group, which constitutes an essential element of the active site of the mature decarboxylase.
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation.
Belongs to the NFYB/HAP3 subunit family.
Belongs to the cAMP-dependent kinase regulatory chain family.
Tetramer, composed of 2 regulatory (R) and 2 catalytic (C) subunits. In the presence of cAMP it dissociates into 2 active monomeric C subunits and an R dimer.
Phosphorylation at Thr-82, Ser-92, Ser-102, thr-117 and ser-305 by HOG1 is required for regulating expression of ergosterol biosynthesis genes.
Reduces the production of ergosterol (PubMed:30874562). Leads to increased sensitivity to azole compounds, but not to iprodione and fludioxonil that target the high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway (PubMed:30874562).
Transcription factor that targets gene promoters containing 2 conserved CGAA repeat sequences (PubMed:30874562). Positively regulates the expression of ergosterol biosynthesis genes including CYP51A and CYP51B encoding the sterol 14-alpha demethylase, and ERG6A and ERG6B encoding the sterol 24-C-methyltransferase (PubMed:30874562).
Belongs to the complex I 75 kDa subunit family.
Associates with the NTC complex (or PRP19-associated complex). The NTC complex associates with the spliceosome after the release of the U1 and U4 snRNAs and forms the CWC spliceosome subcomplex reminiscent of a late-stage spliceosome.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. May function at or prior to the first catalytic step of splicing at the catalytic center of the spliceosome. May do so by stabilizing the catalytic center or the position of the RNA substrate (By similarity).
In the cytoplasm, catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, the second step in glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. TRM7 subfamily.
Methylates the 2'-O-ribose of nucleotides at positions 32 and 34 of the tRNA anticodon loop of substrate tRNAs.
Belongs to the eukaryotic GSH synthase family.
Heterodimers with GPN1 or GPN2. Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAPII).
Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II and III (RNAPII and RNAPIII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
Adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) is a heterotetramer.
Part of the AP-3 complex, an adaptor-related complex which is not clathrin-associated. The complex is associated with the Golgi region as well as more peripheral structures. It facilitates the budding of vesicles from the Golgi membrane.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
Decreases the amounts of 4,4-dimethylergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol, the product of the Fusarium sterol 14-alpha demethylases (PubMed:23442154). Leads to reduced ability to produce conidia (PubMed:20955812). Results in high sensitivity to triadimefon and antifungal azoles such as propiconazole (PubMed:20955812, PubMed:23442154). Affects ergosterol production in the presence of ebuconazole or triadimefon (PubMed:20955812). Host-induced gene silencing of the 3 genes encoding sterol C14-alpha-demethylase leads to strong resistance of host to Fusarium species (PubMed:24218613).
Expression is induced by azole antifungals such as prochloraz, tebuconazole or epoxiconazole (PubMed:23442154). Expression is increased in the absence of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 (PubMed:22947191). Expression is positively regulated by the FgSR transcription factor that targets gene promoters containing 2 conserved CGAA repeat sequences (PubMed:30874562).
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:20955812). CYP51A encodes an minor sterol 14-alpha-demethylase induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity (PubMed:20955812). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the ketol-acid reductoisomerase family.
Golgi membrane protein involved in vesicular trafficking.
Component of the TIM23 complex, at least composed of TIM23, TIM17, TIM50 and TIM21. Interacts with preproteins in transit (By similarity).
Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Required to direct preproteins in transit and direct them to the channel protein TIM23, and possibly facilitates transfer of the translocating proteins from the TOM complex to the TIM23 complex (By similarity).
Functions as component of the Arp2/3 complex which is involved in regulation of actin polymerization and together with an activating nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) mediates the formation of branched actin networks.
Belongs to the DASH complex DUO1 family.
Belongs to the aromatic-ring hydroxylase family. KMO subfamily.
Catalyzes the hydroxylation of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) to form 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine (L-3OHKyn). Required for synthesis of quinolinic acid.
Vacuolar carboxypeptidase involved in degradation of small peptides. Digests preferentially peptides containing an aliphatic or hydrophobic residue in P1' position, as well as methionine, leucine or phenylalanine in P1 position of ester substrate.
Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of the nucleoside 5'-monophosphates deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP), deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP) and deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP).
Belongs to the myo-inositol oxygenase family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL32 family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIIc family.
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits and several supernumerary subunits. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII).
Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.
Belongs to the SMC family. RAD50 subfamily.
Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. In the complex, it is required to regulate activity of mtHSP70 (SSC1) via its interaction with PAM18/TIM14. May act by positioning PAM18/TIM14 in juxtaposition to mtHSP70 at the translocon to maximize ATPase stimulation (By similarity).
Heterodimer with PAM18. Component of the PAM complex, at least composed of mtHsp70, MGE1, TIM44, PAM16, PAM17 and PAM18 (By similarity).
The J-like region, although related to the J domain does not stimulate ATPase activity of mtHSP70. It nevertheless mediates the heterodimerization with the J domain of PAM18 and is therefore essential for PAM complex function (By similarity).
Allosterically activated by ATP (By similarity). ATP binding is a prerequisite to magnesium and substrate binding. ATP binds to 2 of the subunits in the homotetramer inducing a closure of these 2 subunits and the release of the C-terminal loop, thereby activating the enzyme (By similarity).
IMP-specific 5'-nucleotidase involved in IMP (inositol monophosphate) degradation.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS41 family.
Acetylation of histone H3 leads to transcriptional activation. H3K14ac formation by GCN5 is promoted by H3S10ph. H3K14ac can also be formed by ESA1. H3K56ac formation occurs predominantly in newly synthesized H3 molecules during G1, S and G2/M of the cell cycle and may be involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Mono-, di- and trimethylated by the COMPASS complex to form H3K4me1/2/3. H3K4me activates gene expression by regulating transcription elongation and plays a role in telomere length maintenance. H3K4me enrichment correlates with transcription levels, and occurs in a 5' to 3' gradient with H3K4me3 enrichment at the 5'-end of genes, shifting to H3K4me2 and then H3K4me1. Methylated by SET2 to form H3K36me. H3K36me represses gene expression. Methylated by DOT1 to form H3K79me. H3K79me is required for association of SIR proteins with telomeric regions and for telomeric silencing. The COMPASS-mediated formation of H3K4me2/3 and the DOT1-mediated formation of H3K79me require H2BK123ub1 (By similarity).
Phosphorylated to form H3S10ph. H3S10ph promotes subsequent H3K14ac formation and is required for transcriptional activation through TBP recruitment to the promoters (By similarity).
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H3K4me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-5; H3K9ac = acetylated Lys-10; H3K9me1 = monomethylated Lys-10; H3S10ph = phosphorylated Ser-11; H3K14ac = acetylated Lys-15; H3K14me2 = dimethylated Lys-15; H3K18ac = acetylated Lys-19; H3K18me1 = monomethylated Lys-19; H3K23ac = acetylated Lys-24; H3K23me1 = monomethylated Lys-24; H3K27ac = acetylated Lys-28; H3K27me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-28; H3K36ac = acetylated Lys-37; H3K36me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-37; H3K56ac = acetylated Lys-57; H3K64ac = acetylated Lys-65; H3K79me1/2/3 = mono-, di- and trimethylated Lys-80.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL21 family.
Belongs to the replication factor A protein 2 family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL50 family.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SETD6 subfamily.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that monomethylates 60S ribosomal protein L42.
Acts as a sulfur carrier required for molybdopterin biosynthesis. Component of the molybdopterin synthase complex that catalyzes the conversion of precursor Z into molybdopterin by mediating the incorporation of 2 sulfur atoms into precursor Z to generate a dithiolene group. In the complex, serves as sulfur donor by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by UBA4. After interaction with MOCS2B, the sulfur is then transferred to precursor Z to form molybdopterin.
Belongs to the MoaD family. MOCS2A subfamily.
C-terminal thiocarboxylation occurs in 2 steps, it is first acyl-adenylated (-COAMP) via the hesA/moeB/thiF part of UBA4, then thiocarboxylated (-COSH) via the rhodanese domain of UBA4.
Heterotetramer; composed of 2 small (MOCS2A) and 2 large (MOCS2B) subunits.
Involved in protein synthesis. Involved in microtubule stabilization (By similarity).
In the central section; belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. CAD subfamily.
The GINS complex plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication. Has a role in chromosome segregation.
Belongs to the cytochrome c-type heme lyase family.
Lyase that catalyzes the covalent linking of the heme group to the cytochrome C apoprotein to produce the mature functional cytochrome.
Catalyzes the exchange of ADP and ATP across the membrane.
Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. XPG subfamily.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK2 subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways.
Belongs to the ATP phosphoribosyltransferase family.
Belongs to the GST superfamily. Omega family.
ABC-type transporter; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the fusahexin, a cyclic hydrophobic hexapeptide with the amino acid sequence cyclo-(D-Ala-L-Leu-D-allo-Thr-L-Pro-D-Leu-L-Leu) that plays an important role in cell surface hydrophobicity.
Belongs to the MoaE family. MOCS2B subfamily.
Catalytic subunit of the molybdopterin synthase complex, a complex that catalyzes the conversion of precursor Z into molybdopterin. Acts by mediating the incorporation of 2 sulfur atoms from thiocarboxylated MOCS2A into precursor Z to generate a dithiolene group.
Belongs to the homoserine dehydrogenase family.
Sterol 24-C-methyltransferase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor the catalytic components of the C-4 demethylation complex ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the heat shock protein 90 family.
Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin C subfamily.
Belongs to the very long-chain fatty acids dehydratase HACD family.
Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates to the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators.
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase; part of the first module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the early steps of the pathway, conserved across all eukaryotes, and which results in the formation of mevalonate from acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (By similarity). HMG1 catalyzes the reduction of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) to mevalonate (By similarity). The first module starts with the action of the cytosolic acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase ERG10B that catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA. The hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthases ERG13 then condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA. The rate-limiting step of the early module is the reduction to mevalonate by the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductases HMG1 (Probable).
Belongs to the HMG-CoA reductase family.
Transcriptional coactivator that stimulates transcriptional activity by bridging regulatory proteins and TBP, thereby recruiting TBP to promoters occupied by DNA-binding regulators.
Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
Belongs to the DASH complex ASK1 family.
AbaA and wetA are pivotal regulators of conidiophore development and conidium maturation (By similarity). They act individually and together to regulate their own expression and that of numerous other sporulation-specific genes (By similarity). Functions to maintain conidial dormancy by suppressing microcycle conidiation (PubMed:24186953).
Results in abnormal production of conidiophores and conidia, including longer conidia with fewer septa, conidia sensitivity to acute stresses such as oxidative stress and heat stress, and vigorous generation of single-celled conidia through autophagy-dependent microcycle conidiation (PubMed:24186953). Reduces the survival rate of aged conidia (PubMed:24186953).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase F subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex (components: a, c, c', c'', d, e, f and VOA1).
Blocks autophagy (PubMed:28894236). Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation and completely fails to form any perithecia (PubMed:28894236).
Conjugated to ATG12; which is essential for autophagy (By similarity). Conjugation with ATG12 involves ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme (By similarity).
Conjugated with ATG12 (By similarity). The ATG5-ATG12 conjugate forms a complex with several units of ATG16 (By similarity). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate associates also with ATG3 (By similarity).
Involved in cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagic vesicle formation (By similarity). Autophagy is essential for maintenance of amino acid levels and protein synthesis under nitrogen starvation (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) (By similarity). Also required for mitophagy, which eliminates defective or superfluous mitochondria in order to fulfill cellular energy requirements and prevent excess ROS production (By similarity). Conjugation with ATG12, through a ubiquitin-like conjugating system involving ATG7 as an E1-like activating enzyme and ATG10 as an E2-like conjugating enzyme, is essential for its function (By similarity). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate acts as an E3-like enzyme which is required for lipidation of ATG8 and ATG8 association to the vesicle membranes (By similarity). ATG12-ATG5 rearranges the ATG3 catalytic center and enhances its E2 activity (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC7 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
Belongs to the helicase family. UvrD subfamily.
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM10 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent guanine N(1)-methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methylguanine at position 9 (m1G9) in cytoplasmic tRNA.
Belongs to the SSU72 phosphatase family.
Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) complex, which plays a key role in polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation and cooperates with cleavage factors including the CFIA complex and NAB4/CFIB. SSU72 is required for 3'-end formation of snoRNAs (By similarity).
Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) complex, which plays a key role in polyadenylation-dependent pre-mRNA 3'-end formation and cooperates with cleavage factors including the CFIA complex and NAB4/CFIB. SSU72 is required for 3'-end formation of snoRNAs.
Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF) complex.
Processively dephosphorylates Ser-5 of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB1).
Belongs to the four-carbon acid sugar kinase family.
Belongs to the neutral ceramidase family.
Belongs to the clathrin light chain family.
Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
Amidase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment chrysogine (PubMed:28708398). Pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are likely substrates for the nonribosomal peptide synthetase chry1/NRPS14, with pyruvic acid adenylated by the first A domain and anthranilic acid by the second (Probable). If pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are merged and released from chry1/NRPS14 by hydrolysis, a subsequent amidation would lead to 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide (Probable). This process is probably catalyzed by the amidotransferase chry2 using glutamine as amino donor (Probable). The dehydrogenase chry5 that has a terminal berberine bridge domain for C-N cyclization could catalyze the cyclization of 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide to yield acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone (Probable). A final reduction of acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone catalyzed by the oxidoreductase chry4 would result in chrysogine (Probable).
Belongs to the asparagine synthetase family.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 14 family.
Non-catalytic component of the proteasome.
The complex LTO1:YAE1 may function as a target specific adapter that probably recruits apo-RPLI1 to the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex machinery. May be required for biogenesis of the large ribosomal subunit and initiation of translation.
Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.
Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment. Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex (components A to H) attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Abolishes the production of gramillins A and B.
Transcription factor that specifically regulates the expression of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves.
Required for proper 27S pre-rRNA processing and 60S ribosome subunit assembly.
Vacuolar effluxer which mediate the efflux of amino acids resulting from autophagic degradation. The release of autophagic amino acids allows the maintenance of protein synthesis and viability during nitrogen starvation.
Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family. SLC25A38 subfamily.
Mitochondrial glycine transporter that imports glycine into the mitochondrial matrix. Plays an important role in providing glycine for the first enzymatic step in heme biosynthesis, the condensation of glycine with succinyl-CoA to produce 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) in the miochondrial matrix.
Probably plays a role in facilitating the assembly of multimeric protein complexes inside the ER. Is required for secretory polypeptide translocation. May physically associate with SEC63 protein in the endoplasmic reticulum and this interaction may be regulated by ATP hydrolysis.
Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Binds and is required for the stability of snRNA U1, U2, U4 and U5 which contain a highly conserved structural motif called the Sm binding site. Involved in cap modification.
Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily.
Adds a GMP to the 5'-end of tRNA(His) after transcription and RNase P cleavage.
Belongs to the tRNA(His) guanylyltransferase family.
Belongs to the CND3 (condensin subunit 3) family.
Catalyzes the synthesis of activated sulfate.
Exoribonuclease involved in ribosome biosynthesis. Involved in the processing of ITS1, the internal transcribed spacer localized between the 18S and 5.8S rRNAs (By similarity).
Exoribonuclease involved in ribosome biosynthesis. Involved in the processing of ITS1, the internal transcribed spacer localized between the 18S and 5.8S rRNAs.
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG20 catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (By similarity). The second module is carried out in the vacuole and involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins. Activity by the mevalonate kinase ERG12 (FG05912) first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate. 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5-diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase ERG8 (FG09764). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ERG19 (FG10424) then produces isopentenyl diphosphate. The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 (FG09722) then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase ERG20 (FG06784) catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (Probable).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
N-acetylglutamate synthase involved in arginine biosynthesis.
Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Heavy Metal importer (TC 3.A.1.210) subfamily.
Performs an essential function in the generation of cytoplasmic iron-sulfur proteins by mediating the ATP-dependent export of Fe/S cluster precursors synthesized by NFS1 and other mitochondrial proteins (By similarity). Hydrolyzes ATP (By similarity). Binds glutathione and may function by transporting a glutathione-conjugated iron-sulfur compound (By similarity).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the GcvT family. CAF17 subfamily.
Belongs to the SAICAR synthetase family.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX24/MAK5 subfamily.
Effector of VPS34 phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase signaling (By similarity). Regulates the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) vesicle formation (By similarity). Plays a role in ATG protein retrieval from the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) and is especially required for autophagy-dependent cycling of ATG9 (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Forms a complex with ATG9 and ATG23 (By similarity).
Multiubiquitin chain receptor involved in modulation of proteasomal degradation. Involved in nucleotide excision repair.
Putative RNA polymerase II subunit B1 C-terminal domain (CTD) phosphatase involved in RNA polymerase II transcription regulation.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane.
Expression is induced under iron starvation conditions (PubMed:20507510).
Impairs the production of siderophores and leads to slow growth under low iron conditions (PubMed:20507510). Does not affect the ability to infect single, inoculated spikelets, but prevents the spreading from spikelet-to-spikelet through the rachises of wheat spikes (PubMed:20507510).
L-ornithine N(5)-monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of hydroxamate-containing siderophores that play a critical role in virulence (PubMed:20507510). Gibberella zeae produces extracellular coprogen-type siderophores as well as the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin (PubMed:17056706). The role of extracellular siderophores is to supply iron to the fungus during plant infection, and the intracellular ferricrocin is required for intracellular iron distribution and storage with a crucial role in ascus and ascospore development (PubMed:17056706, PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875). SID1 catalyzes the conversion of L-ornithine to N(5)-hydroxyornithine, the first step in the biosynthesis of all hydroxamate-containing siderophores (PubMed:20507510). The assembly of extracellular coprogen-type siderophores is performed by the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) NPS6 whereas the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin is assembled by NPS2 (PubMed:17056706, PubMed:17043871, PubMed:17601875).
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL1 family.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL27 family.
Catalyzes an early step in the biosynthesis of tetrapyrroles. Binds two molecules of 5-aminolevulinate per subunit, each at a distinct site, and catalyzes their condensation to form porphobilinogen.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in mRNA turnover, and more specifically in mRNA decapping. Is involved in G1/S DNA-damage checkpoint recovery, probably through the regulation of the translational status of a subset of mRNAs. May also have a role in translation and mRNA nuclear export (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX6/DHH1 subfamily.
Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. In the complex, it is required to stimulate activity of mtHSP70 (SSC1) (By similarity).
Heterodimer with PAM16. Component of the PAM complex, at least composed of mtHsp70, MGE1, TIM44, PAM16, PAM17 and PAM18 (By similarity).
The J domain is essential for co-chaperone activity and mediates the heterodimerization with the J-like domain of PAM16.
Component of the cytoplasmic LSM1-LSM7 complex which is involved in mRNA degradation.
Component of the heptameric LSM1-LSM7 complex that forms a seven-membered ring structure with a donut shape.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 27 family.
Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family. UBA3 subfamily.
Catalytic subunit of the dimeric E1 enzyme, which activates NEDD8.
Associates with 90S and pre-40S pre-ribosomal particles.
Component of the 90S pre-ribosome involved in the maturation of rRNAs. Required for early cleavages of the pre-RNAs in the 40S ribosomal subunit maturation pathway.
Belongs to the squalene monooxygenase family.
Expression is significantly lower when CYP51A or CYP51C are deleted.
Squalene epoxidase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG1 catalyzes the epoxidation of squalene into 2,3-epoxysqualene (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 4 family.
Belongs to the GT2 glycosyltransferase family.
Expression is induced during hyphal growth.
Glycosyltransferase involved in the maintenance of the outermost surface of the fungal cell wall (PubMed:29020037). Likely functions in the synthesis of a currently unknown, potentially minor but widespread, extracellular or outer cell wall polysaccharide which plays a key role in facilitating many interactions between plants and fungi by enabling hyphal growth on solid matrices (PubMed:29020037).
Severely impairs hyphal growth and pathogenicity on wheat leaves (PubMed:29020037). Does not affect adhesion to leaf surfaces (PubMed:29020037). Leads to constitutive overexpression of several transmembrane and secreted proteins, including an important LysM-domain chitin-binding virulence effector, LysM (PubMed:29020037).
Plays a central role as a glucosyl donor in cellular metabolic pathways.
Belongs to the V-ATPase E subunit family.
Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family. GMF subfamily.
The zeta subunit may be involved in regulating the coat assembly and, hence, the rate of biosynthetic protein transport due to its association-dissociation properties with the coatomer complex.
Alternates between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs), and inactivated by GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs).
Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
Ypt/Rab-type GTPases are key regulators of membrane trafficking and intracellular vesicular transport. They act as molecular switches that convert between GTP-bound and GDP-bound states, and regulate virtually all steps of membrane traffic from the formation of the transport vesicle at the donor membrane to its fusion at the target membrane. In the GDP-bound state, Ypt proteins are predominantly cytosolic, solubilized through the interaction with a GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI). In the GTP-bound state, the proteins are membrane bound and interact with specific effector proteins that select cargo, promote vesicle movement, or verify the correct site of fusion (By similarity). RAB7 regulates the fusion of vacuoles and autophagosomes (PubMed:26177389). Required for ATG9 trafficking (PubMed:30044782).
Belongs to the WD repeat LIS1/nudF family.
Dimerization mediated by the LisH domain may be required to activate dynein.
Positively regulates the activity of the minus-end directed microtubule motor protein dynein. May enhance dynein-mediated microtubule sliding by targeting dynein to the microtubule plus end. Required for nuclear migration during vegetative growth as well as development. Required for retrograde early endosome (EE) transport from the hyphal tip. Required for localization of dynein to the mitotic spindle poles. Recruits additional proteins to the dynein complex at SPBs.
Self-associates. Interacts with NDL1 and dynein.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC2 subfamily.
Cell surface ferroxidase; part of the reductive iron assimilatory system (RIA), a siderophore-independent iron acquisition process (PubMed:20507510). Required to oxidize Fe(2+) and release it from the transporter (By similarity). Seems not to be involved in virulence (PubMed:20507510).
Expression is up-regulated during iron starvation (PubMed:20507510).
Produces wild-type amounts of siderophores and growth at the same rate as the wild-type under iron limitation, but accumulates high levels of free intracellular iron (PubMed:20507510). Does not affect the virulence (PubMed:20507510).
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 18 family.
Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
Transfers mannose from GDP-mannose to dolichol monophosphate to form dolichol phosphate mannose (Dol-P-Man) which is the mannosyl donor in pathways leading to N-glycosylation, glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchoring, and O-mannosylation of proteins.
Belongs to the class-II DAHP synthase family.
Belongs to the ETF alpha-subunit/FixB family.
NAD(+)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase which degrades glutamate to ammonia and alpha-ketoglutarate.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB4 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Involved in cytoskeletal rearrangements required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Acts in association with DOCK1 and CRK. Was initially proposed to be required in complex with DOCK1 to activate Rac Rho small GTPases. May enhance the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK1.
Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. CSN5 subfamily.
Catalytic Component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex that acts as an regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunit of SCF-type E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.
Component of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) complex.
The JAMM motif is essential for the protease activity of the CSN complex resulting in deneddylation of cullins. It constitutes the catalytic center of the complex (By similarity).
Belongs to the SLC35F solute transporter family.
Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A family.
Impairs autofusarin biosynthesis and leads to a yellow pigmentation via accumulation of the intermediate rubrofusarin (PubMed:16879655).
Belongs to the WD repeat WDR12/YTM1 family.
F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel.
Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain. Minor subunit located with subunit a in the membrane.
Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. VIP1 subfamily.
Bifunctional inositol kinase that acts in concert with the IP6K kinases to synthesize the diphosphate group-containing inositol pyrophosphates diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate, PP-InsP5, and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate, (PP)2-InsP4. PP-InsP5 and (PP)2-InsP4, also respectively called InsP7 and InsP8, may regulate a variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal dynamics, and exocytosis. Phosphorylates inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6).
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
E2 conjugating enzyme required for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (By similarity). Responsible for the E2-like covalent binding of phosphatidylethanolamine to the C-terminal Gly of ATG8 (By similarity). The ATG12-ATG5 conjugate plays a role of an E3 and promotes the transfer of ATG8 from ATG3 to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) (By similarity). This step is required for the membrane association of ATG8 (By similarity). The formation of the ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine conjugate is essential for autophagy and for the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) (By similarity). The ATG8-PE conjugate mediates tethering between adjacent membranes and stimulates membrane hemifusion, leading to expansion of the autophagosomal membrane during autophagy (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with ATG8 through an intermediate thioester bond between Cys-244 and the C-terminal Gly of ATG8 (By similarity). Interacts with the C-terminal region of the E1-like ATG7 enzyme (By similarity). Interacts also with the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate (By similarity).
The N-terminal region is involved in phosphatidylethanolamine-binding and is required for ATG8-PE conjugation (By similarity).
The flexible region (FR) is required for ATG7-binding (By similarity).
The handle region (HR) contains the ATG8 interaction motif (AIM) and mediates binding to ATG8 (By similarity). It is crucial for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway (By similarity).
Leads to defective intracellular siderophore (ferricrocin) biosynthesis and sexual development (PubMed:17601875).
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module (By similarity). Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product (By similarity). Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme (By similarity). Occasionally, methyltransferase domains (responsible for amino acid methylation) are present within the NRP synthetase (By similarity). NPS2 has the following architecture: A-T-C-A-T-C-A-T-C-A-T-C-T-C-T-C (PubMed:17043871).
Belongs to the diacylglycerol acyltransferase family.
Nuclease required for the repair of DNA interstrand cross-links (ICL). Acts as a 5'-3' exonuclease that anchors at a cut end of DNA and cleaves DNA successively at every third nucleotide, allowing to excise an ICL from one strand through flanking incisions.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and ribosome biogenesis through rRNA processing.
Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex.
Plays a key role in the late stages of endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi traffic.
Belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family.
Catalyzes two activities which are involved in the cyclic version of arginine biosynthesis: the synthesis of acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA, and of ornithine by transacetylation between acetylornithine and glutamate.
Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta chain.
The alpha and beta chains are autoproteolytically processed from a single precursor protein within the mitochondrion.
Belongs to the peptidase S26 family. IMP2 subfamily.
Involved in degradation of plant cell walls. Hydrolyzes the feruloyl-arabinose ester bond in arabinoxylans, and the feruloyl-galactose ester bond in pectin. Active against paranitrophenyl-acetate, methyl ferulate and wheat arabinoxylan.
Belongs to the pantothenate synthetase family.
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM13 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. DHOase family. Class II DHOase subfamily.
Expression is positively regulated by the cluster-specific transcription factor FGM4 and is induced during infection of coleoptiles of wheat seedlings (PubMed:23266949, PubMed:25333987). Expression is also up-regulated during infection of barley (PubMed:21585270). The fusaoctaxin A gene cluster is silenced by H3K27 trimethylation by the histone methyltransferase KMT6 (PubMed:31100892).
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally, epimerase (E) domains (responsible for L- to D-amino acid conversion) are present within the NRP synthetase. NRPS9 has a reduced A-T architecture.
Belongs to the class-II fumarase/aspartase family. Fumarase subfamily.
Non-catalytic subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons. V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments.
V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme composed of a peripheral catalytic V1 complex attached to an integral membrane V0 proton pore complex.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 31 family.
Decreases the amounts of 4,4-dimethylergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol, the product of the Fusarium sterol 14-alpha demethylases; and leads to the accumulation of eburicol and 2 additional 14-methylated sterols, 4,4,14-trimethylergosta-trienol and 4,4,14-trimethylergosta-dienol (PubMed:23442154). Leads to reduced ability to produce conidia (PubMed:20955812). Affects ergosterol production in the presence of ebuconazole or triadimefon (PubMed:20955812). Host-induced gene silencing of the 3 genes encoding sterol C14-alpha-demethylase leads to strong resistance of host to Fusarium species (PubMed:24218613).
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (PubMed:20955812). CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for eburicol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation (PubMed:20955812). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. ATM subfamily.
Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q. Phosphorylates histone H2A to form H2AS128ph (gamma-H2A) at sites of DNA damage, involved in the regulation of DNA damage response mechanism. Required for the control of telomere length and genome stability (By similarity).
Phosphomevalonate kinase; part of the second module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the middle steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG8 converts 5-phosphomevalonate to 5-diphosphomevalonate (By similarity). The second module is carried out in the vacuole and involves the formation of farnesyl diphosphate, which is also an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone, dolichol, heme and prenylated proteins. Activity by the mevalonate kinase ERG12 (FG05912) first converts mevalonate into 5-phosphomevalonate. 5-phosphomevalonate is then further converted to 5-diphosphomevalonate by the phosphomevalonate kinase ERG8 (FG09764). The diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase ERG19 (FG10424) then produces isopentenyl diphosphate. The isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase IDI1 (FG09722) then catalyzes the 1,3-allylic rearrangement of the homoallylic substrate isopentenyl (IPP) to its highly electrophilic allylic isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Finally the farnesyl diphosphate synthase ERG20 (FG06784) catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (Probable).
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 48 family.
The H protein shuttles the methylamine group of glycine from the P protein to the T protein.
Catalyzes the oxidation of 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate (3-isopropylmalate) to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate. The product decarboxylates to 4-methyl-2 oxopentanoate.
Component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner.
Component of the PAM complex, at least composed of mtHsp70 (SSC1), MGE1, TIM44, PAM16, PAM17 and PAM18.
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 20 family.
Involved in nucleolar integrity and required for processing of the pre-rRNA for the 60S ribosome subunit.
Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family. Flotillin subfamily.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL36 family.
Acts as a sulfur carrier required for 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U at tRNA wobble positions of cytosolic tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Serves as sulfur donor in tRNA 2-thiolation reaction by being thiocarboxylated (-COSH) at its C-terminus by the MOCS3 homolog UBA4. The sulfur is then transferred to tRNA to form 2-thiolation of mcm(5)S(2)U. Prior mcm(5) tRNA modification by the elongator complex is required for 2-thiolation. Also acts as a ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) that is covalently conjugated via an isopeptide bond to lysine residues of target proteins such as AHP1. The thiocarboxylated form serves as substrate for conjugation and oxidative stress specifically induces the formation of UBL-protein conjugates.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. BUD23/WBSCR22 family.
Involved in DNA double-strand break repair (DSBR). Possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity. Also involved in meiotic DSB processing.
Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET2 subfamily.
Histone methyltransferase that trimethylates histone H3 'Lys-36' forming H3K36me3. Involved in transcription elongation as well as in transcription repression.
The AWS and SET domains are necessary for transcription repression.
Autoacetylation at Lys-316 is required for proper function.
Catalytic component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in epigenetic transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4, H3, H2B, H2A and H2A variant H2A.Z (By similarity). Acetylates histone H4 to form H4K5ac, H4K8ac, H4K12ac and H4K16ac, histone H3 to form H3K14ac, and histone H2A to form H2AK4ac and H2AK7ac (By similarity). The NuA4 complex is involved in the DNA damage response and is required for chromosome segregation. The NuA4 complex plays a direct role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) through homologous recombination (By similarity). Recruitment to promoters depends on H3K4me. Also acetylates non-histone proteins (By similarity). In addition to protein acetyltransferase, can use different acyl-CoA substrates, such as 2-hydroxyisobutanoyl-CoA (2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA) or (2E)-butenoyl-CoA (crotonyl-CoA), and is able to mediate protein 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation and crotonylation, respectively (By similarity).
The ESA1-RPD3 motif is common to ESA1 and RPD3 and is required for ESA1 histone acetyl-transferase (HAT) activity and RPD3 histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity.
Belongs to the isocitrate lyase/PEP mutase superfamily. Isocitrate lyase family.
Catalyzes the formation of succinate and glyoxylate from isocitrate, a key step of the glyoxylate cycle, which operates as an anaplerotic route for replenishing the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Required for growth on ethanol or acetate, but dispensable when fermentable carbon sources are available. Acts also on 2-methylisocitrate.
Belongs to the AAA ATPase family. RarA/MGS1/WRNIP1 subfamily.
Belongs to the MPDU1 (TC 2.A.43.3) family.
Monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase that catalyzes both the formation and degradation of acetoacetyl-CoA (By similarity). Seems not to be involved in ergosterol biosynthesis (By similarity). Plays an important role in growth, morphogenesis and maintaining mitochondrial function including the response to oxidative stresses (By similarity).
Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
Control of topological states of DNA by transient breakage and subsequent rejoining of DNA strands. Topoisomerase II makes double-strand breaks.
Belongs to the eukaryotic release factor 1 family. Pelota subfamily.
May function in recognizing stalled ribosomes and triggering endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA, a mechanism to release non-functional ribosomes and degrade damaged mRNAs.
Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
Component of the small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particles containing H/ACA-type snoRNAs (H/ACA snoRNPs).
Required for ribosome biogenesis. Part of a complex which catalyzes pseudouridylation of rRNA. This involves the isomerization of uridine such that the ribose is subsequently attached to C5, instead of the normal N1. Pseudouridine ("psi") residues may serve to stabilize the conformation of rRNAs.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX54/DBP10 subfamily.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the TrpB family.
In the N-terminal section; belongs to the TrpA family.
Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
Although strongly related to the peptide:N-glycanase enzyme, it lacks the conserved active site Cys in position 243, which is replaced by a Val residue suggesting that it has no activity.
Belongs to the transglutaminase-like superfamily. PNGase family.
Scaffold protein for the de novo synthesis of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters within mitochondria, which is required for maturation of both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] proteins.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX52/ROK1 subfamily.
Interacts with the U3 snoRNA and is associated with the 90S and 40S pre-ribosomes.
Converts protoheme IX and farnesyl diphosphate to heme O.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in 40S ribosomal subunit biogenesis. Required for the processing and cleavage of 35S pre-rRNA at sites A0, A1, and A2, leading to mature 18S rRNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX48/FAL1 subfamily.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC6 subfamily.
Belongs to the V-ATPase H subunit family.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. METTL21 family. EFM6 subfamily.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that methylates elongation factor 1-alpha.
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally, epimerase (E) domains (responsible for L- to D-amino acid conversion) are present within the NRP synthetase (By similarity). NRPS7 has the following architecture: C-A-T-C-A-T-C-A-T-Cy. The last condensation domain (Cy) could be responsible for cyclization of the final product (Probable).
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the lipopeptide fusaristatin A (PubMed:25412204). Fusaristatin A consists of a polyketide chain linked to three amino acid residues glutamine (Gln), dehydroalanine (dehydro-Ala), and beta-aminoisobutyric acid (PubMed:25412204). The biosynthesis starts with formation of a linear polyketide chain by the highly reducing polyketide synthase PKS6 (PubMed:25412204). The gene cluster does not contain an acyl-CoA ligase or an acyl-transferase, and it is therefore predicted that the polyketide is transferred directly to the nonribosomal peptide synthetase NRPS7 (Probable). Modules 1-3 from NRPS7 incorporate dehydro-Ala, Gln, and beta-aminoisobutyric acid in the compound, which is released by cyclization (PubMed:25412204). The beta-aminoisobutyric acid units are most likely not freely available to the NRPS, but can be synthesized from thymine, which requires a dehydrogenase, a monooxygenase, and an aminotransferase. The fusaristatin A cluster contains a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (FGSG_08207) and an aminotransferase (FGSG_17085), which theoretically can perform two of the enzymatic steps (Probable). The enzymes may however also be involved in biosynthesis of dehydroalanine or modification of the polyketide (Probable). The dehydro-Ala residue can be a result of cyclization, where serine is dehydrated (Probable). The last gene of the cluster encodes a protein with an A/B barrel domain found in variable enzymes, which hampers functional prediction (Probable).
Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. NOG2 subfamily.
GTPase that associates with pre-60S ribosomal subunits in the nucleolus and is required for their nuclear export and maturation.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA1 subunit family.
Belongs to the XRCC4-XLF family. XLF subfamily.
Belongs to the acetolactate synthase small subunit family.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of butenolide, a mycotoxin that shows antibiotic activity but does not seem to play a major role in the spread of head blight in wheat (PubMed:17175185). Butenolide is derived from glutamic acid via a 4-acetamido-2-butenoic acid intermediate (Probable). The predicted function of the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase FG08077, the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FG08079, the decarboxylase FG08083, and the putative acetyltransferase FG08082 are consistent with this pathway, however, the respective activities of the butelonide biosynthesis cluster enzymes have still to be experimentally determined (Probable).
Results in the loss of butelonide production.
Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Glutamate--cysteine ligase light chain subfamily.
Heterodimer of a catalytic heavy chain and a regulatory light chain.
Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair by mediating the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA.
Belongs to the DASH complex DAM1 family.
Acts as component of the GARP complex that is involved in retrograde transport from early and late endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).
Component of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex.
Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH2 subfamily.
Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster in the DPH1 subunit.
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase, predominantly CBR1 (By similarity). Facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster found in the DPH1 subunit (By similarity).
Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase. Facilitates the reduction of the catalytic iron-sulfur cluster found in the DPH1 subunit.
Binds ubiquitin and polyubiquitinated proteins.
Probable aspartic protease. May be involved in the regulation of exocytosis. Acts as a linker between the 19S proteasome and polyubiquitinated proteins via UBA domain interactions with ubiquitin for their subsequent degradation. Required for S-phase checkpoint control.
Catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of the membrane lipid glucosylceramide (GluCer), the transfer of glucose to ceramide (Probable). Glucosylceramides play important roles in growth, differentiation and pathogenicity. Contribution to fungal pathogenesis is host-dependent (PubMed:17908205).
Results in complete loss of glucosylceramides (GluCers) in mutant cells. Shows a significant change in the conidial morphology and displays a dramatic polar growth defect, and its mycelia are resistant to cell wall degrading enzymes. Shows increased resistance to plant defensins MsDef1 and RsAFP2, but not MsDef4.
The D1, D2, D3, (Q/R)XXRW motif is a critical part of the GCS active site, involved in catalysis and UDP-sugar binding.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA5 subunit family.
Required for proper folding and/or the stability of a subset of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Component of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-mannosyltransferase 1 which transfers the first of the 4 mannoses in the GPI-anchor precursors during GPI-anchor biosynthesis. Probably acts by stabilizing the mannosyltransferase GPI14 (By similarity).
Required for proper folding and/or the stability of a subset of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Component of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-mannosyltransferase 1 which transfers the first of the 4 mannoses in the GPI-anchor precursors during GPI-anchor biosynthesis. Probably acts by stabilizing the mannosyltransferase GPI14.
Belongs to the actin family. ARP3 subfamily.
Involved in cell wall synthesis where it is required for glycosylation. Involved in cell cycle progression through cell-size checkpoint (By similarity).
Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family. Polyprenol reductase subfamily.
Plays a key role in early steps of protein N-linked glycosylation by being required for the conversion of polyprenol into dolichol. Dolichols are required for the synthesis of dolichol-linked monosaccharides and the oligosaccharide precursor used for N-glycosylation. Acts as a polyprenol reductase that promotes the reduction of the alpha-isoprene unit of polyprenols into dolichols in a NADP-dependent mechanism.
Highly reducing polyketide synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of zearalenone (ZEA), a nonsteroid estrogen that is a contaminant of cereal grains and causes estrogenic disorders in humans and animals (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The ZEA backbone is synthesized from a single acetyl-CoA molecule and eight malonyl-CoA molecules (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). The reducing polyketide synthase ZEA2 is proposed to synthesize a reduced hexaketide intermediate by using different combinations of its reductive domains during each round of condensation (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:16751498, PubMed:18427109). The hexaketide thioester is then transacylated to the non-reducing polyketide synthase ZEA1 and is further condensed with three malonyl-CoAs without reductive tailoring to yield a mixed reduced/unreduced nonaketide (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 must be able to interact with ZEA2 to facilitate starter-unit acyltransfer and initiate polyketide biosynthesis (PubMed:18427109). ZEA1 also mediates the required C2-C7 cyclization to form the resorcylate core and catalyzes the formation of the macrolactone (PubMed:18427109). ZEB1 is then responsible for the chemical conversion of beta-zearalenonol (beta-ZOL) to ZEA in the biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:16262793).
Results in the loss of zearalenone production but still produces beta-zearalenonol (PubMed:16262793, PubMed:16517624, PubMed:16751498).
Belongs to the ATPase epsilon chain family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL32 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the NRP synthetase family.
Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis of a small number of specific mRNAs. Acts by directing the binding of methionyl-tRNAi to 40S ribosomal subunits. In contrast to the eIF-2 complex, it binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a codon-dependent manner, whereas the eIF-2 complex binds methionyl-tRNAi to 40S subunits in a GTP-dependent manner.
Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B family.
Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the anthranilate synthase component I family.
Transcription elongation factor implicated in the maintenance of proper chromatin structure in actively transcribed regions.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 7 family.
Does not significantly decrease the growth rate under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236). Reduces strongly the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Lipid transfer protein required for autophagosome completion and peroxisome degradation and peroxisome degradation (By similarity). Tethers the edge of the isolation membrane (IM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mediates direct lipid transfer from ER to IM for IM expansion (By similarity). ATG2 binds to the ER exit site (ERES), which is the membrane source for autophagosome formation, using basic residues in its N-terminal region (NR) and to the expanding edge of the IM through its C-terminal region (By similarity). The latter binding is assisted by an ATG18-PtdIns3P interaction (By similarity). ATG2 then extracts phospholipids from the membrane source using its NR and transfers them to ATG9 to the IM through its predicted beta-sheet-rich structure for membrane expansion (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Acts as an adapter for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated export of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family.
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) to form flavin mononucleotide (FMN) coenzyme.
Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
In the central section; belongs to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase family.
Catalyzes the cleavage of L-kynurenine (L-Kyn) and L-3-hydroxykynurenine (L-3OHKyn) into anthranilic acid (AA) and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-OHAA), respectively.
Belongs to the Tim17/Tim22/Tim23 family.
Essential core component of the TIM22 complex, a complex that mediates the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. In the TIM22 complex, it constitutes the voltage-activated and signal-gated channel. Forms a twin-pore translocase that uses the membrane potential as external driving force in 2 voltage-dependent steps.
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively.
Belongs to the NFYA/HAP2 subunit family.
Component of the sequence-specific heterotrimeric transcription factor (NF-Y) which specifically recognizes a 5'-CCAAT-3' box motif found in the promoters of its target genes.
Belongs to the endopolyphosphatase PPN1 family.
Catalyzes the hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) chains of many hundreds of phosphate residues into shorter lengths.
Phosphorylated in response to DNA damage.
Regulatory subunit of the SLX1-SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease that resolves DNA secondary structures generated during DNA repair and recombination. Has endonuclease activity towards branched DNA substrates, introducing single-strand cuts in duplex DNA close to junctions with ss-DNA.
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. EFM7 family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent protein methyltransferase that trimethylates the N-terminal glycine 'Gly-2' of elongation factor 1-alpha, before also catalyzing the mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-3'.
Belongs to the Mrp/NBP35 ATP-binding proteins family.
Belongs to the glycogen debranching enzyme family.
Multifunctional enzyme acting as 1,4-alpha-D-glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase and amylo-1,6-glucosidase in glycogen degradation.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 21 family.
Has a role in transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Belongs to the transthyretin family. 5-hydroxyisourate hydrolase subfamily.
Lipid-binding protein involved in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q, also named ubiquinone, an essential lipid-soluble electron transporter for aerobic cellular respiration.
Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. TCR/Tet family.
Leads to pink mycelia in young cultures which turn red in older cultures, suggesting a delayed production of aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Rubrofusarin-specific efflux pump; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Belongs to the arsenical resistance-3 (ACR3) (TC 2.A.59) family.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S5A family.
Catalyzes both the ATP-dependent activation of exogenously supplied lipoate to lipoyl-AMP and the transfer of the activated lipoyl onto the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes.
Belongs to the nucleoporin NSP1/NUP62 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the histidinol dehydrogenase family.
Probably involved in transcription regulation via its interaction with the INO80 complex, a chromatin remodeling complex.
Belongs to the proteasome subunit S11 family.
Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIM9 and 3 copies of TIM10, named soluble 70 kDa complex. Associates with the TIM22 complex, whose core is composed of TIM22 and TIM54. Interacts with the transmembrane regions of multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit (By similarity).
The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIM9 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).
Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Cation-independent O-methyltransferase family. COMT subfamily.
O-methyltransferase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of aurofusarin, a red mycelium pigment which is acting as a mycotoxin (PubMed:15811992, PubMed:15809006, PubMed:16879655). The first step is performed by the polyketide synthase which condenses one acetyl-CoA and 6 malonyl-CoA units to form the first intermediate, the cyclic heptaketide and yellow pigment YWA1 (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). The C2 hydroxyl group in the pyrone ring of YWA1 is probably formed during ring closure by an aldol-type cyclization reaction (PubMed:21296881). The dehydratase aurZ then acts as the first tailoring enzyme in the aurofusarin biosynthetic pathway by converting YWA1 to nor-rubrofusarin (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Nor-rubrofusarin is then methylated to rubrofusarin by the O-methyltransferase aurJ (PubMed:21296881, PubMed:23557488). Rubrofusarin is then transported across the plasma membrane by the rubrofusarin-specific pump aurT for further enzymatic processing by the extracellular complex composed of GIP1, aurF, aurO and aurS to yield aurofusarin (PubMed:21296881).
Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase family.
Belongs to the class-V pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family. SerC subfamily.
Homodimer (By similarity). Part of the ATG5-ATG12/ATG16 complex (By similarity). Several units of each may be present in this complex (By similarity). Interacts directly with ATG12 (By similarity).
Stabilizes the ATG5-ATG12 conjugate (By similarity). The ATG5-ATG12/ATG16 complex is required for efficient promotion of ATG8-conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine and ATG8 localization to the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) (By similarity). Recruits also ATG3 to the PAS (By similarity). Involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process and is essential for the survival of cells subjected to severe ER stress (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The active site is a redox-active disulfide bond.
Belongs to the phosphatidylserine decarboxylase family. PSD-B subfamily. Eukaryotic type II sub-subfamily.
Heterodimer of a large membrane-associated beta subunit and a small pyruvoyl-containing alpha subunit. Interacts with pstB2. This interaction may be a means to structurally tether the donor membrane (ER) harboring PstB2 to acceptor membranes (Golgi/endosomes) harboring PSD2 during PtdSer transport to the site of PtdEtn synthesis.
The C2 domains have an essential, but non-catalytic function. They may facilitate interactions with other proteins and are required for lipid transport function.
Expression is induced during the infection of wheat and barley.
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally, epimerase (E) domains (responsible for L- to D-amino acid conversion) are present within the NRP synthetase. VerP has the following architecture: A-T-C-A-T-C.
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the yellow pigment chrysogine (PubMed:28708398). Pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are likely substrates for the nonribosomal peptide synthetase chry1/NRPS14, with pyruvic acid adenylated by the first A domain and anthranilic acid by the second (Probable). If pyruvic acid and anthranilic acid are merged and released from chry1/NRPS14 by hydrolysis, a subsequent amidation would lead to 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide (Probable). This process is probably catalyzed by the amidotransferase chry2 using glutamine as amino donor (Probable). The dehydrogenase chry5 that has a terminal berberine bridge domain for C-N cyclization could catalyze the cyclization of 2-pyruvoylaminobenzamide to yield acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone (Probable). A final reduction of acetyl-4(3H)-quinazolidinone catalyzed by the oxidoreductase chry4 would result in chrysogine (Probable).
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PDPK1 subfamily.
Belongs to the prenylcysteine oxidase family.
Belongs to the SIMIBI class G3E GTPase family. UreG subfamily.
Does not develop perithecia and sexual ascospores, and lacks conidiophores and phialides (PubMed:20879840). Greatly reduces pathogenicity on wheat heads and production of secondary metabolites such as deoxynivalenol (DON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) (PubMed:20879840). Leads to up-regulation of cell-cycle genes which promoters are highly enriched in StuA-response elements (StRE) (PubMed:20879840).
Transcription factor that regulates asexual reproduction (PubMed:20879840). Binds the StuA-response elements (StRE) with the consensus sequence 5'-(A/T)CGCG(T/A)N(A/C)-3' at the promoters of target genes (PubMed:20879840). Controls the expression of the gene clusters involved in the production of deoxynivalenol (DON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15ADON) (PubMed:20879840). Regulates the expression of genes involved in chitin and glucan metabolism (PubMed:20879840). Controls also catalase activity and cell surface hydrophobicity (PubMed:20879840). Plays an important role in pathogenicity (PubMed:20879840).
AB hydrolase superfamily protein; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to TFIIK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL6 family.
Acts in the GPI biosynthetic pathway between GlcNAc-PI synthesis and GPI transfer to protein.
Involved in DNA replication and cell separation.
Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase small chain family.
Binds 1 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) per subunit.
Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Glutamate--tRNA ligase type 2 subfamily.
GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
Flavin prenyltransferase that catalyzes the synthesis of the prenylated FMN cofactor (prenyl-FMN) for the ferulic acid decarboxylase FDC1. The prenyltransferase is metal-independent and links a dimethylallyl moiety from dimethylallyl monophosphate (DMAP) to the flavin N5 and C6 atoms of FMN.
Belongs to the complex I NDUFA8 subunit family.
Essential role in pre-mRNA splicing. Also essential for entry into mitosis (G2/M progression) as well as for chromosome segregation during mitosis.
Belongs to the glutaminase PdxT/SNO family.
Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup84/Nup107 family.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-Y family.
Deoxycytidyl transferase involved in DNA repair. Transfers a dCMP residue from dCTP to the 3'-end of a DNA primer in a template-dependent reaction. May assist in the first step in the bypass of abasic lesions by the insertion of a nucleotide opposite the lesion. Required for normal induction of mutations by physical and chemical agents.
Component of the 66S pre-ribosomal particle.
Required for efficient assembly and nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP1 subfamily.
May be involved in cellular response to stress. Required to maintain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity and stability (By similarity).
A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
Inhibited by the wheat xylanase inhibiting protein I (XIP-I).
Alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers a fourth mannose to trimannosyl-GPIs during GPI precursor assembly. The presence of a fourth mannose in GPI is essential in fungi (By similarity).
Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family. PIGZ subfamily.
Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP.
Interacts with missfolded ER lumenal proteins.
Lectin involved in the quality control of the secretory pathway. As a member of the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation lumenal (ERAD-L) surveillance system, targets misfolded endoplasmic reticulum lumenal glycoproteins for degradation (By similarity).
Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase NEP1 family.
Carbamylation allows a single lysine to coordinate two nickel ions.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Urease alpha subunit family.
Catalyzes methylation of the sphingoid base component of glucosylceramides (GluCers) at the C9-position. Sphingolipid C9-methylation requires 4,8-desaturated ceramides as substrates. Glucosylceramides play important roles in the growth, differentiation and pathogenicity. The methyl group at the C9-position distinguishes fungal glucosylceramides from those of plants and animals, and may thus play a role in host-pathogen interactions enabling the host to recognize the fungal attack and initiate specific defense responses. However, C-9 methylation of GlcCers is not essential for the sensitivity of F.graminearum to plant defensins MsDef1 and RsAFP2.
In contrast to the knockout of its paralog MT2, has no effect on methylation of GluCers and exhibits no growth defects. However, a double-knockout with its paralog MT2 is not viable.
Catalyzes the cleavage of glutathione into 5-oxo-L-proline and a Cys-Gly dipeptide. Acts specifically on glutathione, but not on other gamma-glutamyl peptides.
Belongs to the proteasome inhibitor PI31 family.
Plays an important role in control of proteasome function. Inhibits the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates by the 20S proteasome. Also inhibits the activation of the proteasome by the proteasome regulatory proteins PA700 and PA28.
Accessory subunit of the DNA polymerase alpha complex (also known as the alpha DNA polymerase-primase complex) which plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA synthesis.
Belongs to the DNA polymerase alpha subunit B family.
Component of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit. Mature mitochondrial ribosomes consist of a small (37S) and a large (54S) subunit. The 37S subunit contains at least 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (15S). The 54S subunit contains at least 45 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (21S).
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL1 subfamily.
Belongs to the thiamine pyrophosphokinase family.
Belongs to the dynactin 150 kDa subunit family.
Vacuolar effluxer which mediate the efflux of leucine and other amino acids resulting from autophagic degradation (By similarity). The release of autophagic amino acids allows the maintenance of protein synthesis and viability during nitrogen starvation (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
Catalyzes the hydration of cyanide to formamide. Degradation of cyanide may be important for plant pathogenic fungi in infection of cyanogenic plants.
Oligomer of dimers, forming left-handed helical fibers.
Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein alpha subunit family.
Belongs to the succinate dehydrogenase/fumarate reductase iron-sulfur protein family.
Component of complex II composed of four subunits: a flavoprotein (FP), an iron-sulfur protein (IP), and a cytochrome b composed of a large and a small subunit.
Iron-sulfur protein (IP) subunit of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) that is involved in complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and is responsible for transferring electrons from succinate to ubiquinone (coenzyme Q).
Belongs to the DASH complex DAD4 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (25S, 5.8S and 5S).
Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione and glutathione conjugates.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL17 family.
TS is a member of the terpene cyclase group of enzymes. It catalyzes the isomerization and cyclization of farnesyl pyro-phosphate to form trichodiene, the first cyclic intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway for trichothecenes. It serves to branch trichothecene biosynthesis from the isoprenoid pathway.
Trichothecenes are sesquiterpenoid toxins that act by inhibiting protein biosynthesis.
Alpha-glucuronidase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose. Releases 4-O-methylglucuronic acid from xylan.
Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 67 family.
Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL4 subfamily.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
Stabilizer subunit of the dolichol-phosphate mannose (DPM) synthase complex; tethers catalytic subunit to the ER.
ATP-binding RNA helicase involved in translation initiation. Remodels RNA in response to ADP and ATP concentrations by facilitating disruption, but also formation of RNA duplexes (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX3/DED1 subfamily.
Catalyzes the reaction of cyanate with bicarbonate to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide.
Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.
Blocks autophagy (PubMed:28894236). Significantly decreases the radial growth of colonies under nutrient-rich conditions (PubMed:28894236). Strongly reduces conidiation and completely fails to form any perithecia (PubMed:28894236). Causes only mild infection in point-inoculated spikelets of flowering wheat heads and impairs the spreading to nearby spikelets (PubMed:28894236).
Homodimer (By similarity). Dimerization requires the presence of ATG13 (By similarity). Forms a ternary complex with ATG13 and ATG17 (By similarity).
Serine/threonine protein kinase involved in the cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and found to be essential in autophagy, where it is required for the formation of autophagosomes (By similarity). Involved in the clearance of protein aggregates which cannot be efficiently cleared by the proteasome (By similarity). Required for selective autophagic degradation of the nucleus (nucleophagy) as well as for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production (By similarity). Also involved in endoplasmic reticulum-specific autophagic process, in selective removal of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates (By similarity). Plays a key role in ATG9 and ATG23 cycling through the pre-autophagosomal structure and is necessary to promote ATG18 binding to ATG9 through phosphorylation of ATG9. Catalyzes phosphorylation of ATG4, decreasing the interaction between ATG4 and ATG8 and impairing deconjugation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 (By similarity). Autophagy is required for proper vegetative growth, asexual/sexual reproduction, and full virulence (PubMed:28894236). Autophagy is particularly involved in the biosynthesis of deoxynivalenol (DON), an important virulence determinant (PubMed:28894236).
The C-terminal region of ATG1 responsible for ATG13-binding comprises six alpha-helices which fold into two antiparallel three-helix bundles resembling each other (By similarity).
The LIR motif is required for the interaction with ATG8 and for the association of ATG1 with autophagosomes (By similarity).
C-4 methylsterol oxidase; part of the third module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the late steps of the pathway (By similarity). ERG25 is a catalytic component of the C-4 demethylation complex that catalyzes the conversion of 4,4-dimethylfecosterol into fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol (By similarity). The third module or late pathway involves the ergosterol synthesis itself through consecutive reactions that mainly occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Firstly, the squalene synthase ERG9 catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate moieties to form squalene, which is the precursor of all steroids. Squalene synthase is crucial for balancing the incorporation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) into sterol and nonsterol isoprene synthesis. Secondly, squalene is converted into lanosterol by the consecutive action of the squalene epoxidase ERG1 and the lanosterol synthase ERG7. Then, the delta(24)-sterol C-methyltransferase ERG6 methylates lanosterol at C-24 to produce eburicol. Eburicol is the substrate of the sterol 14-alpha demethylase encoded by CYP51A, CYP51B and CYP51C, to yield 4,4,24-trimethyl ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trienol. CYP51B encodes the enzyme primarily responsible for sterol 14-alpha-demethylation, and plays an essential role in ascospore formation. CYP51A encodes an additional sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, induced on ergosterol depletion and responsible for the intrinsic variation in azole sensitivity. The third CYP51 isoform, CYP51C, does not encode a sterol 14-alpha-demethylase, but is required for full virulence on host wheat ears. The C-14 reductase ERG24 then reduces the C14=C15 double bond which leads to 4,4-dimethylfecosterol. A sequence of further demethylations at C-4, involving the C-4 demethylation complex containing the C-4 methylsterol oxidases ERG25, the sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate 3-dehydrogenase ERG26 and the 3-keto-steroid reductase ERG27, leads to the production of fecosterol via 4-methylfecosterol. ERG28 has a role as a scaffold to help anchor ERG25, ERG26 and ERG27 to the endoplasmic reticulum. The C-8 sterol isomerase ERG2 then catalyzes the reaction which results in unsaturation at C-7 in the B ring of sterols and thus converts fecosterol to episterol. The sterol-C5-desaturases ERG3A and ERG3BB then catalyze the introduction of a C-5 double bond in the B ring to produce 5-dehydroepisterol. The C-22 sterol desaturases ERG5A and ERG5B further convert 5-dehydroepisterol into ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol by forming the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. Finally, ergosta-5,7,22,24(28)-tetraen-3beta-ol is substrate of the C-24(28) sterol reductase ERG4 to produce ergosterol (Probable).
Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
Component of the SWR1 chromatin-remodeling complex and of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for an H2A variant leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Yaf9 may also be required for viability in conditions in which the structural integrity of the spindle is compromised.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair. Yaf9 may also be required for viability in conditions in which the structural integrity of the spindle is compromised (By similarity).
The coiled-coil domain is required for assembly into the NuA4 complex.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
Belongs to the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit family.
Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes. Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase.
Accepts electrons from ETF and reduces ubiquinone.
Belongs to the imidazoleglycerol-phosphate dehydratase family.
Interacts with the 40S ribosomal subunit.
The SUI1 domain may be involved in RNA binding.
Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bL33 family.
Nuclear chaperone required for maturation and nuclear export of pre-60S ribosome subunits.
Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
Belongs to the EF-1-beta/EF-1-delta family.
Belongs to the AMT4 thioesterase family.
Probable thioesterase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of gramillins A and B, bicyclic lipopeptides that induce cell death in maize leaves but not in wheat leaves (PubMed:30395461). The nonribosomal peptide synthetase GRA1 incorporates respectively a glutamic adic (Glu), a leucine (Leu), a serine (Ser), a hydroxyglutamine (HOGln), a 2-amino decanoic acid, and 2 cysteins (CysB and CysA) (Probable). The biosynthesis of 2-amino decanoic acid incorporated in gramillins could be initiated by a fatty acid synthase composed of the alpha and beta subunits FGSG_00036 and FGSG_11656 (Probable). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase FGSG_15680 could hydroxylate the fatty acid chain (Probable). Subsequent oxidation to the ketone by the oxidoreductase FGSG_00048 and transamination by aminotransferase FGSG_00049 could form 2-amino-decanoic acid (Probable). On the other hand, FGSG_15680 could also be responsible for the HO-modified glutamine at the gamma-position (Probable). Whether hydroxylation occurs on the fully assembled product or on the Gln residue prior to assembly into the gramillins requires further proof (Probable). The thioredoxin FGSG_00043 could also be required for the disulfide-bond formation between CysA and CysB (Probable). The specific involvement of the remaining proteins from the cluster is more difficult to discern, but could have broader regulatory (FGSG_00040 and FGSG_11657) or enzymatic functions (FGSG_00044 and FGSG_00045) (Probable). The final C-domain of GRA1 does not possess the expected sequence of a termination CT domain, often implicated in macrocyclization and release of a cyclopeptidein fungal NRPs; and the thioesterase FGSG_00047 may act in concert with the terminal C-domain of GRA1 to catalyze the formation of the macrocyclic anhydride and release of the products (Probable).
Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Also plays a role in the assembly of the exocyst (By similarity).
Involved in the secretory pathway as part of the exocyst complex which tethers secretory vesicles to the sites of exocytosis. Also plays a role in the assembly of the exocyst.
Required for replication-independent chromatin assembly and for the periodic repression of histone gene transcription during the cell cycle.
Involved in the partitioning of the mitochondrial organelle and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance.
May act as a transcriptional repressor of multidrug resistance genes.
Belongs to the UTP23/FCF1 family. FCF1 subfamily.
Belongs to the RNA cytidine acetyltransferase family. NAT10 subfamily.
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase with specificity toward both 18S rRNA and tRNAs. Catalyzes the formation of N(4)-acetylcytidine (ac4C) in 18S rRNA. Required for early nucleolar cleavages of precursor rRNA at sites A0, A1 and A2 during 18S rRNA synthesis. Catalyzes the formation of ac4C in serine and leucine tRNAs. Requires the tRNA-binding adapter protein TAN1 for full tRNA acetyltransferase activity but not for 18S rRNA acetylation.
The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome composed of at least 40 protein subunits and snoRNA U3.
DEAD-box RNA helicase-like protein required for pre-18S rRNA processing, specifically at sites A0, A1, and A2.
Binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function.
Acetylated by ESA1 to form H2AK4ac and H2AK7ac.
In contrast to vertebrates and insects, its C-terminus is not monoubiquitinated.
To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the 'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H2AK4ac = acetylated Lys-6; H2AK7ac = acetylated Lys-10.
The RNA gate region regulates mRNA cap recognition to prevent promiscuous mRNA-binding before assembly of eif3d into the full eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex.
mRNA cap-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is involved in protein synthesis of a specialized repertoire of mRNAs and, together with other initiation factors, stimulates binding of mRNA and methionyl-tRNAi to the 40S ribosome. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation. In the eIF-3 complex, eif3d specifically recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine cap of a subset of mRNAs.
Belongs to the PHP hydrolase family. HisK subfamily.
Belongs to the mannitol dehydrogenase family.
Belongs to the WD repeat CDC20/Fizzy family.
Nonessential protein required for the fusion of transport vesicles derived from the endocytic pathway with the Golgi complex.
Belongs to the WD repeat NOL10/ENP2 family.
Abolishes the production of fusarielins F, G and H, but accumulates the intermediate prefusarielin.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of fusarielins F, G and H, decaketide compounds with 5 methylations and a decaline core that act as mycoestrogens as they stimulate growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). The initial compound in the pathway is produced by the reducing polyketide synthase FSL1. FSL1 lacks an active enoyl reductase (ER) domain and biosynthesis of fusarielins relies on the trans-acting enoyl reductase FSL5, before it is released through hydrolysis catalyzed by the thioesterase FSL2 (PubMed:22252016, PubMed:27983606). Fusarielins F, G, and H have a C11=C12 cis double bond and is fully reduced between C10 and C11 and between C12 and C13. FSL3 can be involved in the formation of the C11=C12 cis double bond by moving a hypothetical C10=C11 or C12=C13 trans double bond to form prefusarielin (PubMed:27983606). Prefusarielin is oxygenated at C15 and C16 by FSL4, resulting in fusarielin F, which subsequently is epoxidized into fusarielin G by the same enzyme (PubMed:27983606). The final step in the pathway is a reduction of the carboxylic acid moiety to yield fusarielin H via a still undetermined mechanism (PubMed:27983606).
Belongs to the damage-control phosphatase family. Sugar phosphate phosphatase III subfamily.
Metal-dependent phosphatase that shows phosphatase activity against several substrates, including fructose-1-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. Its preference for fructose-1-phosphate, a strong glycating agent that causes DNA damage rather than a canonical yeast metabolite, suggests a damage-control function in hexose phosphate metabolism.
Subfamily III proteins have a conserved RTxK motif about 40-50 residues from the C-terminus; the threonine may be replaced by serine or cysteine.
Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), a regulator of vesicular trafficking process.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX56/DBP9 subfamily.
Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METL family.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase.
The branched-chain alpha-keto dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of alpha-keto acids to acyl-CoA and CO(2). It contains multiple copies of three enzymatic components: branched-chain alpha-keto acid decarboxylase (E1), lipoamide acyltransferase (E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (E3).
Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Phe-tRNA synthetase alpha subunit type 2 subfamily.
Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 12 family.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex, which itself associates with the Mediator complex.
Component of the SRB8-11 complex. The SRB8-11 complex is a regulatory module of the Mediator complex which is itself involved in regulation of basal and activated RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription. The SRB8-11 complex may be involved in the transcriptional repression of a subset of genes regulated by Mediator. It may inhibit the association of the Mediator complex with RNA polymerase II to form the holoenzyme complex.
Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK6 subfamily.
Broad-specificity nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. Has also ATPase activity. May be involved in rRNA maturation and transcription regulation.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 10 family.
ATP-dependent RNA helicase associated with the nuclear pore complex and essential for mRNA export from the nucleus. May participate in a terminal step of mRNA export through the removal of proteins that accompany mRNA through the nucleopore complex. May also be involved in early transcription (By similarity).
Associates with the nuclear pore complex.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX19/DBP5 subfamily.
Component of the SWR1 complex which mediates the ATP-dependent exchange of histone H2A for the H2A variant HZT1 leading to transcriptional regulation of selected genes by chromatin remodeling. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 and H2A. The NuA4 complex is also involved in DNA repair (By similarity).
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL37 family.
Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
Involved in the assembly of the cytochrome c oxidase complex.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL15 family.
Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV), also known as cytochrome c oxidase. May participate in merging the COX1 and COX2 assembly lines.
Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily.
Homotetramer. Residues from neighboring subunits contribute catalytic and substrate-binding residues to each active site.
N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase involved in the Golgi-specific modification of N-linked glycans.
Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family. PFA5 subfamily.
Plays a role in U6 snRNP assembly and function. Binds to the 3' end of U6 snRNA.
Belongs to the chromate ion transporter (CHR) (TC 2.A.51) family.
Essential for the assembly of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase. It has a direct effect on the correct occurrence of the Rieske protein, core 4, core 5 and apocytochrome b.
Belongs to the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor family.
Binds to the C-terminal PTS1-type tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal (SKL-type) and plays an essential role in peroxisomal protein import.
Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, a major structural heterogeneous polysaccharide found in plant biomass representing the second most abundant polysaccharide in the biosphere, after cellulose. Plays an important role in causing fusarium head blight (FHB) on cereal crops. Induces cell death and hydrogen peroxide accumulation in infected wheat leaves.
Expression is under the control of transcription factor XYR1 and highly induced during wheat infection and by xylan.
Leads to about 40 percent reduction of xylanase activity when grown in culture with xylan as carbon source.
ATP-dependent DNA helicase important for chromosome transmission and normal cell cycle progression in G(2)/M (By similarity). May have a role in changing DNA topology to allow the loading of proteins involved in maintaining sister chromatid cohesion in the vicinity of the centromeres (By similarity). Has a specific role in chromosome segregation during meiosis II.
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily. DDX11/CHL1 sub-subfamily.
Belongs to the complex I 24 kDa subunit family.
Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS37 family.
Involved in mitochondrial genome encoded proteins translation.
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 17 family.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL29 family.
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of diterpenoid pyrones (PubMed:32286350). The first step of the pathway is the synthesis of the alpha-pyrone moiety by the polyketide synthase dpfgA via condensation of one acetyl-CoA starter unit with 3 malonyl-CoA units and 2 methylations (Probable). The alpha-pyrone is then combined with geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) formed by the GGPP synthase dpfgD through the action of the prenyltransferase dpfgC to yield a linear alpha-pyrone diterpenoid (Probable). Subsequent steps in the diterpenoid pyrone biosynthetic pathway involve the decalin core formation, which is initiated by the epoxidation of the C10-C11 olefin by the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase dpfgE, and is followed by a cyclization cascade catalyzed by the terpene cyclase dpfgB (Probable). The short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgG then oxidizes the 8S hydroxy group to a ketone and the short chain dehydrogenase/reductase dpfgH reduces the ketone to the 8R hydroxy group to yield higginsianin B (PubMed:32286350). Higginsianin B is further methylated by the methyltransferase dpfgI to produce the intermediate named FDDP B (PubMed:32286350). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase dfgpJ then catalyzes a three-step oxidation at C-27 to generate a carboxylic acid as well as C-26 hydroxylation (PubMed:32286350). Finally, methyltransferase dpfgK methylates the carboxylic acid generated by dpfgJ, yielding the final diterpenoid pyrones from the pathway which were named FDDP D and FDDP E (PubMed:32286350).
May form heterododecamers with RVB2. Component of the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, the INO80 chromatin remodeling complex, and of the R2TP complex (By similarity).
Does not affect conidiation but results in reduction of cell surface hydrophobicity.
NRP synthetases are composed of discrete domains (adenylation (A), thiolation (T) or peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and condensation (C) domains) which when grouped together are referred to as a single module. Each module is responsible for the recognition (via the A domain) and incorporation of a single amino acid into the growing peptide product. Thus, an NRP synthetase is generally composed of one or more modules and can terminate in a thioesterase domain (TE) that releases the newly synthesized peptide from the enzyme. Occasionally, methyltransferase domains (responsible for amino acid methylation) are present within the NRP synthetase. NRPS4 has the following architecture: A-T-E-C-A-T-C-A-T-E-C-A-T-C-A-T-E-C-T-Ct.
Nonribosomal peptide synthetase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the fusahexin, a cyclic hydrophobic hexapeptide with the amino acid sequence cyclo-(D-Ala-L-Leu-D-allo-Thr-L-Pro-D-Leu-L-Leu) that plays an important role in cell surface hydrophobicity (PubMed:22862913, PubMed:34292732). Fusahexin might also play a role in virulence, sensitivity to osmotic stress and oxidative stress (PubMed:34292732). NRPS4 is the only enzyme within the cluster and its 5 catalytic modules are sufficient to produce fusahexin (PubMed:34292732). The modules 1 to 4 incorporate respectively D-alanine, L-leucine, D-allo-threonine, and L-proline, which is supported by the presence of epimerase domains in modules 1 and 3, which incorporate D-amino acids (PubMed:34292732). The terminal module is responsible for incorporation of the two adjacent leucine units, where the epimerase domain is only used to convert the first unit to D-leucine (PubMed:34292732). The terminal condensation domain (Ct) is involved in cyclization with D-alanine and thereby releasing of fusahexin (PubMed:34292732).
Belongs to the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase family.
Maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol.
ABC transporter involved in zearalenone production (PubMed:21833740).
Expression is positively regulated by the zearalenone biosynthesis specific transcription factor ZEB2 (PubMed:21833740).
Results in the loss of zearalenone production (PubMed:21833740).
Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 5 family.
In the C-terminal section; belongs to the AIR carboxylase family. Class I subfamily.
Involved in vacuolar transport and vacuole pH homeostasis. Also required for cytokinesis (By similarity).
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved spliceosome assembly and in nuclear splicing. Catalyzes an ATP-dependent conformational change of U2 snRNP. Bridges U1 and U2 snRNPs and enables stable U2 snRNP association with intron RNA (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX46/PRP5 subfamily.
Belongs to the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase family.
Required for the import and folding of small cysteine-containing proteins (small Tim) in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS). Forms a redox cycle with ERV1 that involves a disulfide relay system. Precursor proteins to be imported into the IMS are translocated in their reduced form into the mitochondria. The oxidized form of MIA40 forms a transient intermolecular disulfide bridge with the reduced precursor protein, resulting in oxidation of the precursor protein that now contains an intramolecular disulfide bond and is able to undergo folding in the IMS (By similarity).
Required for the import and folding of small cysteine-containing proteins (small Tim) in the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS). Forms a redox cycle with ERV1 that involves a disulfide relay system. Precursor proteins to be imported into the IMS are translocated in their reduced form into the mitochondria. The oxidized form of MIA40 forms a transient intermolecular disulfide bridge with the reduced precursor protein, resulting in oxidation of the precursor protein that now contains an intramolecular disulfide bond and is able to undergo folding in the IMS.
The CHCH domain contains a conserved twin Cys-X(9)-Cys motif which is required for import and stability of MIA40 in mitochondria.
Impairs hyphal growth, conidiation, conidial germination, and sexual reproduction (PubMed:30603875). Leads to a defect in pathogenicity and production of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) (PubMed:30603875). Displays lipid droplet accumulation (PubMed:30603875). Shows reduced tolerance towards oxidative stress (PubMed:30603875). Leads to down-regulation of protein expression levels related to protein biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, cell wall synthesis, and oxidation-reduction reactions (PubMed:30603875).
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 that is essential for peroxisome biogenesis and plays a key role in development, pathogenicity, and cell wall integrity (PubMed:30603875). Required for long and very long-chain fatty acid utilization and is involved in lipid droplet accumulation and the elimination of reactive oxygen species (PubMed:30603875). Controls the expression of proteins involved in protein biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, cell wall synthesis, oxidation-reduction reactions, as well as of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), including TRI5, TRI6, and TRI10 (PubMed:30603875).
Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC34/RPC39 RNA polymerase subunit family.
Involved in the 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification (mnm(5)s(2)U34) of the wobble uridine base in mitochondrial tRNAs.
Expression is induced during infection of coleoptiles of wheat seedlings (PubMed:23266949, PubMed:25333987). The fusaoctaxin A gene cluster is silenced by H3K27 trimethylation by the histone methyltransferase KMT6 (PubMed:31100892).
Transcription regulator; part of the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of the octapeptide fusaoctaxin A, a virulence factor that is required for cell-to-cell invasiveness of plant host (PubMed:30804501). Positively regulates the expression the Fg3_54/C64 gene cluster (PubMed:30804501).
This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II.
Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS30 family.
Required for correct functioning of the GINS complex, a complex that plays an essential role in the initiation of DNA replication, and progression of DNA replication forks. GINS complex seems to bind preferentially to single-stranded DNA.
Belongs to the type-II 3-dehydroquinase family.
Homododecamer. Adopts a ring-like structure, composed of an arrangement of two hexameric rings stacked on top of one another.
Is involved in the catabolism of quinate. Allows the utilization of quinate as carbon source via the beta-ketoadipate pathway.
Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.
Belongs to the PAPS reductase family. CysH subfamily.
Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family. FKBP2 subfamily.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent transferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. Catalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino-alpha-carboxypropyl (acp) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the C-7 position of 4-demethylwyosine (imG-14) to produce wybutosine-86.
Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family. MTAP subfamily.
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorylation of S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine (MTA) to adenine and 5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate. Involved in the breakdown of MTA, a major by-product of polyamine biosynthesis. Responsible for the first step in the methionine salvage pathway after MTA has been generated from S-adenosylmethionine. Has broad substrate specificity with 6-aminopurine nucleosides as preferred substrates.
Belongs to the HIBADH-related family. 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase subfamily.
Belongs to the SMC family. SMC1 subfamily.
Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family.
Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks and nicked Holliday junctions. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. May be required in meiosis for the repair of meiosis-specific double strand breaks subsequent to single-end invasion (SEI) (By similarity).
Interacts with EME1 to form a DNA structure-specific endonuclease with substrate preference for branched DNA structures with a 5'-end at the branch nick. Typical substrates include 3'-flap structures, D-loops, replication forks and nicked Holliday junctions. May be required in mitosis for the processing of stalled or collapsed replication fork intermediates. May be required in meiosis for the repair of meiosis-specific double strand breaks subsequent to single-end invasion (SEI).
Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase; part of the first module of ergosterol biosynthesis pathway that includes the early steps of the pathway, conserved across all eukaryotes, and which results in the formation of mevalonate from acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (By similarity). ERG10B catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA (By similarity). The first module starts with the action of the cytosolic acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase ERG10B that catalyzes the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA. The hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthases ERG13 then condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA. The rate-limiting step of the early module is the reduction to mevalonate by the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductases HMG1 (Probable).
ATP-dependent RNA helicase involved in mRNA splicing. May destabilize the U1/5'-splice site duplex to permit an effective competition for the 5'-splice site by the U6 snRNA, resulting in the switch between U1 and U6 at the 5'-splice site. May also act to unwind the U4/U6 base-pairing interaction in the U4/U6/U5 snRNP, facilitating the first covalent step of splicing (By similarity).
Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX23/PRP28 subfamily.
Belongs to the ferroportin (FP) (TC 2.A.100) family. SLC40A subfamily.
May be involved in iron transport and iron homeostasis.