10090:Rrp12
gene id: 10090:Rrp12
uniprot id: Q3UJA1
uniprot id: Q6P5B0
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RRP12 family.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tpcn1
gene id: 10090:Tpcn1
uniprot id: Q9EQJ0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. Two pore calcium channel subfamily.
messages: Dimer. Interacts with MTOR; the interaction is required for TPCN1 ATP sensitivity (By similarity). Interacts with STX7, STX8 and STX12 (PubMed:28855648). Interacts with JPT2 (By similarity). Found in a complex with LSM12, TPCN1 and TPCN2 (By similarity).
messages: Each of the two internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Intracellular channel initially characterized as a non-selective Ca(2+)-permeable channel activated by NAADP (nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate), it is also a voltage-gated highly-selective Na(+) channel activated directly by PI(3,5)P2 (phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate) that senses pH changes and confers electrical excitability to organelles (PubMed:24776928, PubMed:23394946, PubMed:23063126). Localizes to the early and recycling endosomes membranes where it plays a role in the uptake and processing of proteins and regulates organellar membrane excitability, membrane trafficking and pH homeostasis (PubMed:28855648). Ion selectivity is not fixed but rather agonist-dependent and under defined ionic conditions, can be readily activated by both NAADP and PI(3,5)P2 (By similarity). Required for mTOR-dependent nutrient sensing (PubMed:23394946).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mainly expressed in epithelial tissues like lung, kidney, colon, spleen and liver (at protein level).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Na(+) current is inhibited by ATP in a MTORC-dependent manner. ATP sensitivity is independent of PI(3,5)P2 (By similarity). Probably regulated by Mg(2+) ions, cytosolic Mg(2+) selectively inhibits outward current while lysosomal Mg(2+) modestly inhibits both the outward and inward currents. In the absence of Mg(2+), NAADP readily activates TPCN2, with properties similar to PI(3,5)P2 (By similarity). Both current elicited by PI(3,5)P2 as well as NAADP are inhibited by tetrandrine (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: TPCN1 and TPCN2 double knockouts are viable, fertile, have no obvious morphological abnormalities, and no obvious behavioral defects. After fasting for 3 days, they are less active and endurance performance is reduced by 8.3 fold in contrast to wild-type littermates that show no changes. Two days after re-introduction of food, mutants regain endurance and become as active as before fasting.

10090:Reep5
gene id: 10090:Reep5
uniprot id: G3X8R0
uniprot id: Q9CQG4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DP1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rapgef2
gene id: 10090:Rapgef2
uniprot id: E9QNQ4
uniprot id: Q6NXI4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RAPGEF2 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Wfdc18
gene id: 10090:Wfdc18
uniprot id: P62810
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Could have proteinase inhibiting capacity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zfp385a
gene id: 10090:Zfp385a
uniprot id: Q8VD12
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, expressed in large polynucleated cells within the liver. Induced during adipogenesis.
messages: By p53/TP53 in response to DNA damage.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain and testis (at protein level). In brain, the expression is located to olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, satellite cells and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum molecular layer. Detected in bone marrow, white and brown adipose tissue, lung and at lower levels in the thymus.
messages: Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is direct and enhances p53/TP53 transactivation functions on cell-cycle arrest target genes, resulting in growth arrest. Interacts with ELAVL1; the interaction is indirect, mRNA-dependent and may regulate p53/TP53 expression.
messages: No visible phenotype at birth. Between 2-3 weeks after birth, some lethality is observed, may be due to internal hemorrhaging mainly in brain and gastrointestinal tracts. Surviving mutants are fertile and smaller than their wild-type littermates. Deficiency alters hemostasis which is associated with a block in the formation of alpha-granules in megakaryocytes and abnormal platelet morphology. Mice also exhibit tremor, ataxic gate, tilted head, severe impairments in motor coordination and motor learning related to cerebellar functions. Mice show functional deregulation of adipose tissues, although the total fat mass is not affected. They express lower levels of C/EBP alpha in adipose tissue, have impaired glucose tolerance with high plasma insulin levels and plasma adiponectin levels are significantly lower. Upon genotoxic stress, skin and prostate show increased apoptosis.
messages: RNA-binding protein that affects the localization and the translation of a subset of mRNA. May play a role in adipogenesis through binding to the 3'-UTR of CEBPA mRNA and regulation of its translation. Targets ITPR1 mRNA to dendrites in Purkinje cells, and may regulate its activity-dependent translation. With ELAVL1, binds the 3'-UTR of p53/TP53 mRNAs to control their nuclear export induced by CDKN2A. Hence, may regulate p53/TP53 expression and mediate in part the CDKN2A anti-proliferative activity. May also bind CCNB1 mRNA. Alternatively, may also regulate p53/TP53 activity through direct protein-protein interaction. Interacts with p53/TP53 and promotes cell-cycle arrest over apoptosis enhancing preferentially the DNA binding and transactivation of p53/TP53 on cell-cycle arrest target genes over proapoptotic target genes. May also regulate the ubiquitination and stability of CDKN1A promoting DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest. Also plays a role in megakaryocytes differentiation.
messages: Ubiquitinated upon prolonged exposure to genotoxic stress, which leads to proteasomal degradation of ZNF385A and releases p53/TP53 from cell-cycle arrest target gene promoters.
messages: dendrite
messages: nucleolus

10090:BC016579
gene id: 10090:BC016579
uniprot id: Q8C5C9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Acox1
gene id: 10090:Acox1
uniprot id: Q9R0H0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the acyl-CoA oxidase family.
messages: Highest levels of isoform 1 are found in liver and kidney while highest levels of isoform 2 are found in white adipose tissue. Isoform 1 is expressed at higher levels than isoform 2 in liver and kidney while isoform 2 is expressed at higher levels in brain, heart, lung, muscle, white adipose tissue and testis.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with LONP2 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids. Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs such as palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA) to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs) such as (2E)-hexadecenoyl-CoA, and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)).
messages: Is active against a much broader range of substrates and shows activity towards long-chain acyl-CoAs.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Severe microvesicular hepatic steatosis, sustained activation of Ppara, spontaneous massive peroxisome proliferation and eventual development of hepatocellular carcinomas (PubMed:20195242). Null mice have strikingly increased levels of both n-3 and n-6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (over twenty-four (24) carbons long) (PubMed:11855929).
messages: Shows highest activity against medium-chain fatty acyl-CoAs. Shows optimum activity with a chain length of 10 carbons (decanoyl-CoA) in vitro.

10090:Pid1
gene id: 10090:Pid1
uniprot id: Q3UBG2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a complex with PID1/PCLI1, LRP1 and CUBNI. Interacts with LRP1 and CUBN.
messages: Increases proliferation of preadipocytes without affecting adipocytic differentiation.

10090:Cdo1
gene id: 10090:Cdo1
uniprot id: P60334
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cysteine dioxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) cation per subunit. Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) can be used to a lesser extent.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of cysteine to cysteine sulfinic acid with addition of molecular dioxygen.
messages: Highest expression in liver. Also expressed in kidney, lung, brain and small intestine.
messages: Monomer.
messages: The thioether cross-link between Cys-93 and Tyr-157 plays a structural role through stabilizing the Fe(2+) ion, and prevents the production of highly damaging free hydroxyl radicals by holding the oxygen radical via hydroxyl hydrogen.

10090:Cabp5
gene id: 10090:Cabp5
uniprot id: Q9JLK3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in inner and outer plexiform layers of the retina, and retinal bipolar cells (at protein level) (PubMed:17947313, PubMed:18586882, PubMed:22039235). Expressed in the inner hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea (PubMed:17947313, PubMed:18586882).
messages: Inhibits calcium-dependent inactivation of L-type calcium channel and shifts voltage dependence of activation to more depolarized membrane potentials (PubMed:18586882). Involved in the transmission of light signals (PubMed:18586882). May positively regulate neurotransmitter vesicle endocytosis and exocytosis in a salt-dependent manner (PubMed:22039235). May play a role in the extension and network organization of neurites (PubMed:22039235).
messages: Interacts with CACNA1C (via C-terminal CDB motif) in a calcium-dependent manner (PubMed:18586882). Interacts with STXBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with MYO6 (By similarity).
messages: No morphologic changes, but 50% reduction of the sensitivity of retinal ganglion cell light responses.

10090:Irak2
gene id: 10090:Irak2
uniprot id: Q8CFA1
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Asn-333 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Pelle subfamily.
messages: Binds to the IL-1 type I receptor following IL-1 engagement, triggering intracellular signaling cascades leading to transcriptional up-regulation and mRNA stabilization.
messages: Interacts with MYD88. IL-1 stimulation leads to the formation of a signaling complex which dissociates from the IL-1 receptor following the binding of PELI1 (By similarity).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with a higher expression observed in brain, spleen and liver. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are considered agonist and isoform 3 and isoform 4 are considered antagonist.

10090:Cemip
gene id: 10090:Cemip
uniprot id: Q8BI06
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity is up-regulated by histamine.
messages: Belongs to the CEMIP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in Deiters' cells and various supporting cells in the organ of Corti including inner phalangeal, border, inner and outer pillar cells (at protein level). Weakly expressed in brain and testis. In ear, it is specifically expressed in inner ear. Expressed in Deiters' cells in the organ of Corti at P0 (postnatal day zero) before the onset of hearing, but disappears by day P7. Also expressed in fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus through to P21, when the cochlea matures.
messages: Expressed throughout development.
messages: Interacts with EPHA2 and ITPR3. Interacts with HSPA5/BIP; the interaction induces calcium leakage from the endoplasmic reticulum and cell migration. Interacts with clathrin heavy chain/CLTC (By similarity).
messages: Mediates depolymerization of hyaluronic acid (HA) via the cell membrane-associated clathrin-coated pit endocytic pathway. Binds to hyaluronic acid. Hydrolyzes high molecular weight hyaluronic acid to produce an intermediate-sized product, a process that may occur through rapid vesicle endocytosis and recycling without intracytoplasmic accumulation or digestion in lysosomes. Involved in hyaluronan catabolism in the dermis of the skin and arthritic synovium. Positively regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and hence tumor cell growth, invasion and cancer dissemination. In collaboration with HSPA5/BIP, promotes cancer cell migration in a calcium and PKC-dependent manner. May be involved in hearing.
messages: N-glycosylated; glycosylation is not necessary for HA-binding.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted
messages: The signal sequence is essential in mediating its proper translocation, hyaluronic acid (HA) degradation activity and secretion.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Olfr1055
gene id: 10090:Olfr1055
uniprot id: A2AVX9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Crb2
gene id: 10090:Crb2
uniprot id: Q80YA8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Apical polarity protein that plays a central role during the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) at gastrulation, when newly specified mesodermal cells move inside the embryo (PubMed:26496195, PubMed:27870829). Acts by promoting cell ingression, the process by which cells leave the epithelial epiblast and move inside the embryo to form a new tissue layer (PubMed:27870829). The anisotropic distribution of CRB2 and MYH10/myosin-IIB at cell edges define which cells will ingress: cells with high apical CRB2 are probably extruded from the epiblast by neighboring cells with high levels of apical MYH10/myosin-IIB (PubMed:27870829). Also required for maintenance of the apical polarity complex during development of the cortex.
messages: Belongs to the Crumbs protein family.
messages: Embryonic lethality due impaired gastrulation (PubMed:22072575, PubMed:27870829). Mesoderm formation is disrupted, and cells do not ingress (PubMed:27870829). Instead, a single layer forms, and the embryo fails to properly establish its body plan, leading to embryonic arrest (PubMed:27870829). Conditional deletion in the developing retina leads to progressive disorganization during late retinal development: retina show progressive thinning of the photoreceptor layer and sites of cellular mislocalization (PubMed:23001562). Conditional deletion in the dorsal telencephalon leads to defects in the maintenance of the apical complex (PubMed:26802325).
messages: Expressed in early embryonic cells, more specifically in embryonic regions undergoing dramatic rearrangement, such as the developing neuroepithelium which proceeds with neural tube closure, the anterior splitting lateral plate mesoderm that wraps the pericardial cavity and the differentiating somite epithelium (PubMed:22072575). Widely expressed throughout the epiblast and the lateral plate mesoderm at 7 dpc. At 7.5 dpc-7.75 dpc, continues to be expressed in these regions, and expression is also found on the apical side of the embryonic endoderm, and extraembryonic amnion and allantois (PubMed:22072575). At 8-8.5 dpc, expression is also detected in the heart tube, foregut and the apical side of the somite epithelium (PubMed:22072575). Stronger expression is detected on the apical sides of the splitting lateral plate mesoderm, and the apical side of the neural ectoderm at trunk region (PubMed:22072575). Not expressed in the notochord plate or the extra-embryonic endoderm (PubMed:22072575). Expressed in the developing spinal cord, eye, and forebrain at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Expressed in the ventricular layers of the developing neural tube along the entire cranial-caudal length, including the anterior forebrain and the posterior spinal cord at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Expressed in apical epithelial kidney cells at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587).
messages: In the adult eye, strongly expressed in the outer nuclear layer, containing the cell bodies of the photoreceptor cells, and in the inner nuclear layer, containing the cell bodies of the horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, and Mueller glial cells (PubMed:15851977). Also expressed in some cells in the ganglion cell layer (or may be displaced amacrine cells rather than ganglion cells) (PubMed:15851977).
messages: Interacts (via intracellular domain) with EPB41L5.
messages: O-glucosylated by POGLUT1 at Ser-271; consists of an O-glucose trisaccharide, in which the O-glucose is elongated by the addition of two xylose residues (PubMed:26496195). O-glucosylation is required for localization at the plasma membrane (PubMed:26496195).

10090:Nsdhl
gene id: 10090:Nsdhl
uniprot id: Q3US15
uniprot id: Q9R1J0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Catalyzes the NAD(P)(+)-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of the C4 methyl groups of 4-alpha-carboxysterols in post-squalene cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:10369263, PubMed:14567972). Plays a role in the regulation of the endocytic trafficking of EGFR (PubMed:23125191).
messages: Defects in Nsdhl are the cause of male-lethal mutations bare patches (Bpa) and striated (Str) phenotypes. Heterozygous Bpa females are dwarfed and demonstrate abnormal deposits of calcium in tail vertebrae. They also develop a hyperkeratotic skin eruption shortly after birth that resolves, leaving 'bare patches' arranged in a horizontal, striped pattern. The Str females are indistinguishable from normal littermates until postnatal day 12-14 when they develop striations in their coat.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lipid droplet

10090:Oprl1
gene id: 10090:Oprl1
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPZ9
uniprot id: B0R0C0
uniprot id: P35377
uniprot id: Q542U1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: G-protein coupled opioid receptor that functions as receptor for the endogenous neuropeptide nociceptin. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling via G proteins mediates inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity and calcium channel activity. Arrestins modulate signaling via G proteins and mediate the activation of alternative signaling pathways that lead to the activation of MAP kinases. Plays a role in modulating nociception and the perception of pain. Plays a role in the regulation of locomotor activity by the neuropeptide nociceptin.
messages: In the brain, isoform KOR3 and isoform KOR3C are most abundant in hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray. Isoform KOR3A is highly expressed in cortex, striatum and brainstem. Isoform KOR3D is highly expressed in cerebellum, hypothalamus and brainstem. Detected in spleen lymphocytes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice do not show altered basal nociception, but are no longer susceptible to modulation of nociception by the neuropeptide nociceptin. Contrary to wild-type, they do not show reduced locomotion in response to the neuropeptide nociceptin. In addition, mutant mice show subtle hearing defects.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-360 requires GRK3.
messages: Vesicle

10090:Klf8
gene id: 10090:Klf8
uniprot id: Q8BLM0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Interacts with corepressor CtBP2. Interacts with PIAS1, PIAS2, and PIAS4; the interaction with each ligase sumoylates KLF8 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylation at Lys-64 represses transcriptional activity and reduces cell cycle progression into the G(1) phase. Has no effect on subcellular location.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF8, the motif is inactive.
messages: Transcriptional repressor and activator. Binds to CACCC-boxes promoter elements. Also binds the GT-box of cyclin D1 promoter and mediates cell cycle progression at G(1) phase as a downstream target of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) (By similarity).

10090:Rnf150
gene id: 10090:Rnf150
uniprot id: Q5DTZ6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tnfsf18
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf18
uniprot id: Q7TS55
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF18/AITR/GITR (PubMed:14521928, PubMed:14647196). Regulates T-cell responses (PubMed:14647196). Can function as costimulator and lower the threshold for T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation (PubMed:14608036, PubMed:15128759). Important for interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B (PubMed:14521928, PubMed:14647196, PubMed:18178614). Triggers increased phosphorylation of STAT1 and up-regulates expression of VCAM1 and ICAM1 (By similarity). Promotes leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells (PubMed:23892569). Regulates migration of monocytes from the splenic reservoir to sites of inflammation (PubMed:24107315).
messages: Detected in immature and mature dendritic cells and in macrophages (at protein level). Detected in spleen, lung, heart, thymus, monocytes, macrophages, B-cells and dendritic cells.
messages: Homotrimer. Homodimer.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Reduced levels of pro-inflammatory macrophages in the peritoneal cavity following injection with thioglycollate broth to induce peritonitis and reduced AGTR1 levels in spleen macrophages.
messages: Up-regulated by exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

10090:Cxadr
gene id: 10090:Cxadr
uniprot id: P97792
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the epithelial apical junction complex that may function as a homophilic cell adhesion molecule and is essential for tight junction integrity. Also involved in transepithelial migration of leukocytes through adhesive interactions with JAML a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane of leukocytes. The interaction between both receptors also mediates the activation of gamma-delta T-cells, a subpopulation of T-cells residing in epithelia and involved in tissue homeostasis and repair. Upon epithelial CXADR-binding, JAML induces downstream cell signaling events in gamma-delta T-cells through PI3-kinase and MAP kinases. It results in proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors by T-cells that in turn stimulate epithelial tissues repair.
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney, heart, lung, and brain. In skeletal muscle is found at the neuromuscular junction. In cardiac muscle, isoform 1 and isoform 2 are found at intercalated disks.
messages: Expression starts in the embryonic ectoderm in the uterus on 6.5 dpc. Then it is strongly expressed in the neuroepithelium of the neural tube, the developing brain and the spinal cord from 8.5 dpc to postnatal day 7 (P7), in the cranial motor nerves from 9.5 dpc to 11.5 dpc, and in the optic nerve from 13.5 dpc to P7. Expression increases until perinatal period and decreases postnatally. Expressed in the immature neuroepithelium including progenitor cells it still occurs in a few proliferating cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles, and the rostral migratory stream over P21. Also expressed in heart, kidney and liver of newborn mice.
messages: Monomer. May form homodimer. Interacts with LNX, MAGI1, DLG4, PRKCABP, TJP1 and CTNNB1. Interacts with MPDZ; recruits MPDZ to intercellular contact sites. Interacts with JAML (homodimeric form).
messages: Palmitoylated on Cys-259 and/or Cys-260; required for proper localization to the plasma membrane.
messages: Secreted
messages: The Ig-like C2-type 1 domain mediates homodimerization and interaction with JAML.
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with MPDZ and MAGI1.
messages: adherens junction
messages: tight junction

10090:Vps4b
gene id: 10090:Vps4b
uniprot id: P46467
uniprot id: Q3TN07
uniprot id: Q8BM73
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) In conjunction with the ESCRT machinery also appears to function in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis and enveloped virus budding (lentiviruses).
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: High level expression seen in the kidney. It is also expressed in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, and testis.
messages: Involved in late steps of the endosomal multivesicular bodies (MVB) pathway. Recognizes membrane-associated ESCRT-III assemblies and catalyzes their disassembly, possibly in combination with membrane fission. Redistributes the ESCRT-III components to the cytoplasm for further rounds of MVB sorting. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. VPS4A/B are required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Proposed to be monomeric or homodimeric in nucleotide-free form and to oligomerize upon binding to ATP to form two stacked hexameric or heptameric rings with a central pore through which ESCRT-III substrates are translocated in an ATP-dependent manner. In vitro, associates on the inside of a helical tubular structure formed by a CHMP2A-CHMP3 polymer. Interacts with CHMP1A, CHMP1B, CHMP4B and CHMP6. Interacts with CHMP2A (PubMed:15173323). Interacts with VPS4A; the interaction suggests a heteromeric assembly with VPS4A (PubMed:12594041). Interacts with VTA1 (By similarity).
messages: The MIT domain serves as an adapter for ESCRT-III proteins. It forms an asymmetric three-helix bundle that binds amphipathic MIM (MIT interacting motif) helices along the groove between MIT helices 2 and 3 present in a subset of ESCRT-III proteins thus establishing the canonical MIM-MIT interaction. In an extended conformation along the groove between helices 1 and 3, also binds to a type-2 MIT interacting motif (MIM2).

10090:Ifitm2
gene id: 10090:Ifitm2
uniprot id: Q99J93
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: From 5.5 dpc to 7.5 dpc expressed within the epiblast. At 8.5 dpc expressed throughout the entire embryo. Expressed in the gonadal germ cells at 11.5 dpc/12.5.
messages: IFN-induced antiviral protein which inhibits the entry of viruses to the host cell cytoplasm, permitting endocytosis, but preventing subsequent viral fusion and release of viral contents into the cytosol. Active against multiple viruses, including influenza A virus, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Marburg virus (MARV) and Ebola virus (EBOV), Dengue virus (DNV) and West Nile virus (WNV). Can inhibit: influenza virus hemagglutinin protein-mediated viral entry, MARV and EBOV GP1,2-mediated viral entry and SARS-CoV S protein-mediated viral entry. Induces cell cycle arrest and mediates apoptosis by caspase activation and in p53-independent manner.
messages: Interacts with CD81.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Palmitoylation on membrane-proximal cysteines controls clustering in membrane compartments and antiviral activity.
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-19 is required for endosomal and lysosomal location.
messages: Predominantly expressed in nascent primordial germ cells, as well as in gonadal germ cells.

10090:Rita1
gene id: 10090:Rita1
uniprot id: Q9D1H0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RITA family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RBPJ/RBPSUH.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tubulin-binding protein that acts as a negative regulator of Notch signaling pathway. Shuttles between the cytoplasm and the nucleus and mediates the nuclear export of RBPJ/RBPSUH, thereby preventing the interaction between RBPJ/RBPSUH and NICD product of Notch proteins (Notch intracellular domain), leading to down-regulate Notch-mediated transcription. May play a role in neurogenesis (By similarity).
messages: centrosome

10090:Vkorc1
gene id: 10090:Vkorc1
uniprot id: Q9CRC0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VKOR family.
messages: Detected in liver.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by warfarin (coumadin) (PubMed:15879509). Warfarin locks VKORC1 in both redox states into the closed conformation (By similarity).
messages: Involved in vitamin K metabolism. Catalytic subunit of the vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) complex which reduces inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K. Vitamin K is required for the gamma-carboxylation of various proteins, including clotting factors, and is required for normal blood coagulation, but also for normal bone development.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and appear normal, but die between one and twenty days after birth, due to severe bleeding. In about 75% of the cases, subdural bleeding is observed, in addition to intracerebral and intramuscular bleeding. Daily oral administration of vitamin K to the mutant mice leads to normal survival, but the mice die within seven days after the cessation of vitamin K administration. Besides, both homozygous and heterozygous mutant mice display defects in bone development with reduced length of the calcified part of the long bones in front and hind limbs.
messages: Partially oxidized VKORC1 forms a cysteine adduct with substrates, vitamin K 2,3-epoxide, inducing a closed conformation, juxtaposing all cysteines (S-S or SH) for unimpeded electron transfer. VKOR becomes fully oxidized with an open conformation that releases reaction products, vitamin K quinone, or hydroquinone. Cys-132 and Cys-135 constitute the catalytic redox-active center. Cys-43 and Cys-51 are the cysteine pair that mediates transfer of reducing equivalents during catalysis.

10090:Slc27a4
gene id: 10090:Slc27a4
uniprot id: Q91VE0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Defects in Slc27a4 are the cause of wrinkle-free (wrfr) phenotype. It is a spontaneous, autosomal recessive mutation resulting in very tight, thick skin and is secondary characterized by severe breathing difficulties. Mice die shortly after birth. This phenotype is similar to human restrictive dermopathy, a very rare human genetic disorder.
messages: Deletion of Slc27a4 results in embryonic lethality, which has been attributed to a requirement for fat absorption early in embryonic development across the visceral endoderm.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mediates the import of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) into the cell by facilitating their transport across cell membranes (PubMed:10518211, PubMed:20448275). Appears to be the principal fatty acid transporter in small intestinal enterocytes (PubMed:20448275). Also functions as an acyl-CoA ligase catalyzing the ATP-dependent formation of fatty acyl-CoA using LCFA and very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) as substrates, which prevents fatty acid efflux from cells and might drive more fatty acid uptake (By similarity). Plays a role in the formation of the epidermal barrier. Required for fat absorption in early embryogenesis (PubMed:11404000, PubMed:12821645, PubMed:15653672, PubMed:15699031). Probably involved in fatty acid transport across the blood barrier (By similarity). Indirectly inhibits RPE65 via substrate competition and via production of VLCFA derivatives like lignoceroyl-CoA. Prevents light-induced degeneration of rods and cones (PubMed:23407971).
messages: Most abundantly expressed in small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, skin and heart. In small intestine, expressed at high levels on the apical side of mature enterocytes. Highly expressed by the epithelial cells of the visceral endoderm and localized to the brush-border membrane of extraembryonic endodermal cells (at protein level). Expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and in the retina (at protein level). Expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and in the retina.
messages: Slc27a4 deficient mice display features of a neonatally lethal restrictive dermopathy. Their skin is characterized by hyperproliferative hyperkeratosis with a disturbed epidermal barrier, a flat dermal-epidermal junction, a reduced number of pilo-sebaceous structures, and a compact dermis. The rigid skin consistency results in an altered body shape with facial dysmorphia, generalized joint flexion contractures and impaired movement including suckling and breathing deficiencies. Lipid analysis demonstrates a disturbed fatty acid composition of epidermal ceramides, in particular a decrease in the C26:0 and C26:0-OH fatty acid substitutes.

10090:Akr1c21
gene id: 10090:Akr1c21
uniprot id: Q91WR5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in kidney and brain.
messages: Inhibited by high concentrations of substrate.
messages: Monomer.
messages: NADP-dependent 17-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that converts 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione into androsterone. Has lower 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Has broad substrate specificity and acts on various 17-alpha-hydroxysteroids, 17-ketosteroids, 3-alpha hydroxysteroids and 3-ketosteroids. Reduction of keto groups is strictly stereoselective. Reduction of 17-ketosteroids yields only 17-alpha-hydroxysteroids. Likewise, reduction of 3-ketosteroids yields only 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids.

10090:Olfr1265
gene id: 10090:Olfr1265
uniprot id: Q8VEZ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Bglap2
gene id: 10090:Bglap2
uniprot id: P86547
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
messages: Bone.
messages: Constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein. It binds strongly to apatite and calcium.
messages: Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ell3
gene id: 10090:Ell3
uniprot id: Q80VR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actively expressed in embryonic stem cells (ES cells), while it is weakly expressed in differentiated cells.
messages: Belongs to the ELL/occludin family.
messages: Component of the little elongation complex (LEC), at least composed of ELL (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3), ZC3H8, ICE1 and ICE2 (By similarity). Component of the super elongation complex (SEC), at least composed of EAF1, EAF2, CDK9, MLLT3/AF9, AFF (AFF1 or AFF4), the P-TEFb complex and ELL (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3). Interacts with AFF4.
messages: Enhancer-binding elongation factor that specifically binds enhancers in embryonic stem cells (ES cells), marks them, and is required for their future activation during stem cell specification. Elongation factor component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. Component of the little elongation complex (LEC), a complex required to regulate small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene transcription by RNA polymerase II and III. Does not only bind to enhancer regions of active genes, but also marks the enhancers that are in a poised or inactive state in ES cells and is required for establishing proper RNA polymerase II occupancy at developmentally regulated genes in a cohesin-dependent manner. Probably required for priming developmentally regulated genes for later recruitment of the super elongation complex (SEC), for transcriptional activation during differentiation. Required for recruitment of P-TEFb within SEC during differentiation. Probably preloaded on germ cell chromatin, suggesting that it may prime gene activation by marking enhancers as early as in the germ cells. Promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sap30l
gene id: 10090:Sap30l
uniprot id: Q5SQF8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SAP30 family.
messages: Functions as transcription repressor, probably via its interaction with histone deacetylase complexes. Involved in the functional recruitment of the class 1 Sin3-histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) to the nucleolus. Binds DNA, apparently without sequence-specificity, and bends bound double-stranded DNA. Binds phosphoinositol phosphates (phosphoinositol 3-phosphate, phosphoinositol 4-phosphate and phosphoinositol 5-phosphate) via the same basic sequence motif that mediates DNA binding and nuclear import.
messages: Interacts with components of the histone deacetylase complex SIN3A, HDAC1 and HDAC2. Binds histones and nucleosomes. Interacts with FEZ1.
messages: The zinc-finger domain mediates direct interaction with DNA and phosphoinositol phosphates (phosphoinositol 3-phosphate, phosphoinositol 4-phosphate and phosphoinositol 5-phosphate). In vitro oxydation causes reversible disulfide bond formation between Cys residues in the zinc-finger domain and reversible loss of zinc ion binding.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Col18a1
gene id: 10090:Col18a1
uniprot id: E9QPX1
uniprot id: P39061
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the multiplexin collagen family.
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney, lung, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Forms homotrimers. Recombinant non-collagenous domain 1 has stronger affinity to NID1, HSPG2 and laminin-1:NID1 complex and lower affinity to FBLN1 and FBLN2 than endostatin (PubMed:10966814).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May regulate extracellular matrix-dependent motility and morphogenesis of endothelial and non-endothelial cells; the function requires homotrimerization and implicates MAPK signaling.
messages: Monomeric (PubMed:9687493). Interacts with KDR/VEGFR2 (PubMed:12029087). Interacts with the ITGA5:ITGB1 complex (PubMed:11158588). Interacts with NID1, HSPG2, laminin-1:NID1 complex, FBLN1 and FBLN2 (PubMed:10966814, PubMed:11158588, PubMed:12029087).
messages: Non-collagenous domain 1 seems to be the predominant tissue form from which endostatin is cleaved. However, the proteolytic cleavage site to generate non-collagenous domain 1 is not known. Soluble recombinant non-collagenous domain 1 amenable to biochemical studies has been used instead; its molecular weight corresponds to probable non-collagenous domain 1 immunoblot bands seen in tissue extracts.
messages: Potently inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. May inhibit angiogenesis by binding to the heparan sulfate proteoglycans involved in growth factor signaling (PubMed:9008168). Inhibits VEGFA isoform VEGF165-induced endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Seems to inhibit VEGFA-mediated signaling by blocking the interaction of VEGFA to its receptor KDR/VEGFR2 (PubMed:12029087). Modulates endothelial cell migration in an integrin-dependent manner implicating integrin ITGA5:ITGB1 and to a lesser extent ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGAV:ITGB5 (PubMed:11158588). May negatively regulate the activity of homotrimeric non-collagenous domain 1 (By similarity).
messages: Probably plays a major role in determining the retinal structure as well as in the closure of the neural tube.
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 1.
messages: Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) of the triple-helical regions are hydroxylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: Undergoes proteolytic processing by CTSL/cathepsin-L and elastase-like proteases to generate both non-collagenous domain 1 trimers and endostatin monomers (PubMed:10716919). In tissue extracts (brain, skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, testis and liver) predominantly bands of approximately 38 kDa are detected; recombinant non-collagenous domain 1 shows similar mobility. In vitro, several proteolytic cleavage sites in the non-collagenous domain 1 hinge region generating different endostatin-like peptides are reported.
messages: basement membrane
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Cenpn
gene id: 10090:Cenpn
uniprot id: Q9CZW2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CENP-N/CHL4 family.
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres. CENPN is the first protein to bind specifically to CENPA nucleosomes and the direct binding of CENPA nucleosomes by CENPN is required for centromere assembly. Required for chromosome congression and efficiently align the chromosomes on a metaphase plate.
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU. The CENPA-NAC complex interacts with the CENPA-CAD complex, composed of CENPI, CENPK, CENPL, CENPO, CENPP, CENPQ, CENPR and CENPS. Interacts directly with CENPA. Identified in a centromere complex containing histones H2A, H2B and H4, and at least CENPA, CENPB, CENPC, CENPT, CENPN, HJURP, SUPT16H, SSRP1 and RSF1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore

10090:Hcn4
gene id: 10090:Hcn4
uniprot id: B2RY58
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel HCN family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tbrg1
gene id: 10090:Tbrg1
uniprot id: Q3UB74
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a growth inhibitor. Can activate p53/TP53, causes G1 arrest and collaborates with CDKN2A to restrict proliferation, but does not require either protein to inhibit DNA synthesis. Redistributes CDKN2A into the nucleoplasm. Involved in maintaining chromosomal stability.
messages: Belongs to the TBRG1 family.
messages: Induced in cells undergoing arrest in response to DNA damage and TGFB1 treatment.
messages: Interacts with CDKN2A and MDM2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated; mediated by MDM2 and leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation.

10090:Ctrb1
gene id: 10090:Ctrb1
uniprot id: Q9CR35
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Ahsa1
gene id: 10090:Ahsa1
uniprot id: Q8BK64
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a co-chaperone of HSP90AA1 (PubMed:29127155). Activates the ATPase activity of HSP90AA1 leading to increase in its chaperone activity (PubMed:29127155). Competes with the inhibitory co-chaperone FNIP1 for binding to HSP90AA1, thereby providing a reciprocal regulatory mechanism for chaperoning of client proteins (By similarity). Competes with the inhibitory co-chaperone TSC1 for binding to HSP90AA1, thereby providing a reciprocal regulatory mechanism for chaperoning of client proteins (PubMed:29127155).
messages: Belongs to the AHA1 family.
messages: By heat shock and treatment with the HSP90 inhibitor 17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17AAG).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with HSPCA/HSP90 (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AA1; the interaction activates HSP90AA1 ATPase activity (PubMed:29127155). Interacts with HSP90AB1 (PubMed:22022502). Interacts with GCH1 (By similarity). Interacts with SRPK1 (By similarity). Interacts with FLCN (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-223 enhances binding to chaperone HSP90AA1.
messages: cytosol

10090:Dcun1d3
gene id: 10090:Dcun1d3
uniprot id: Q8K0V2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contributes to the neddylation of all cullins by transferring NEDD8 from N-terminally acetylated NEDD8-conjugating E2s enzyme to different cullin C-terminal domain-RBX complexes and may play a role in the cell cycle progression by regulating the SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase complex, after UV damage. At the cell membrane, can promote and as well inhibit cullins neddylation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a complex containing DCUN1D3, CUL3 and RBX1. Interacts (via the DCUN1 domain) with the unneddylated cullins: interacts with CUL1, CUL2, CUL3, CUL4A, CUL4B and CUL5; these interactions promote the cullin neddylation and the identity of the cullin dictates the affinity of the interaction. Interacts preferentially with CUL3; this interaction triggers the relocalization of CUL3 to the cell membrane where CUL3 is neddylated. Interacts (via DCUN1 domain) with RBX1. May also interact with regulators or subunits of cullin-RING ligases such as RNF7, ELOB and DDB1; these interactions are bridged by cullins. Interacts (via DCUN1 domain) with CAND1; this interaction is bridged by cullins and strongly inhibits cullin neddylation. These CAND-cullin-DCNL complexes can only be neddylated in the presence of a substrate adapter. Interacts (via DCUN1 domain) with the N-terminally acetylated form of UBE2M and UBE2F.
messages: The DCUN1 domain, also known as PONY domain, mediates the interaction with different cullins. The DCUN1 domain mediates the interaction with the N-terminally acetylated NEDD8-conjugating E2s enzyme leading to the NEDD8 transfer from N-terminally acetylated NEDD8-conjugating E2s enzyme to different cullin C-terminal domain-RBX complexes; the neddylation efficiency correlates with the DCUN1D5-cullin and DCUN1D5-E2 interaction affinities. This domain is also involved in CAND1-, cullins- and RBX1-binding.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Agrp
gene id: 10090:Agrp
uniprot id: P56473
uniprot id: Q3UU47
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in arcuate nucleus and median eminence, adrenal gland (medulla), hypothalamus, testis, and lung.
messages: Golgi apparatus lumen
messages: Hypothalamic expression is elevated circa 10-fold in ob/ob and db/db mice.
messages: Interacts with melanocortin receptors MC3R, MC4R and MC5R.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Plays a role in weight homeostasis. Involved in the control of feeding behavior through the central melanocortin system. Acts as alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone antagonist by inhibiting cAMP production mediated by stimulation of melanocortin receptors within the hypothalamus and adrenal gland. Has very low activity with MC5R. Is an inverse agonist for MC3R and MC4R being able to suppress their constitutive activity (By similarity). It promotes MC3R and MC4R endocytosis in an arrestin-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot' structurally defines this protein as a knottin.

10090:Morn2
gene id: 10090:Morn2
uniprot id: Q6UL01
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected from postnatal day 15 onwards, with high levels of expression by postnatal day 28.
messages: Expressed strongly in testis, where it is specifically detected in haploid germ cells (at protein level). Also expressed strongly in skeletal muscle.
messages: Might have a role in spermatogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: acrosome

10090:Ccdc167
gene id: 10090:Ccdc167
uniprot id: Q9D162
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rpl31
gene id: 10090:Rpl31
uniprot id: P62900
uniprot id: Q5M9K9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL31 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Olfr1312
gene id: 10090:Olfr1312
uniprot id: Q8VF10
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pla2g4f
gene id: 10090:Pla2g4f
uniprot id: Q50L41
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Has calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities with a potential role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators (PubMed:17293613, PubMed:15866882). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity) (PubMed:17293613, PubMed:15866882). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis (PubMed:15866882, PubMed:17293613). In myocardial mitochondria, plays a major role in arachidonate release that is metabolically channeled to the formation of cardioprotective eicosanoids, epoxyeicosatrienoates (EETs) (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Stimulated by cytosolic Ca(2+).
messages: Strongly expressed in thyroid, expressed at intermediate level in stomach and at very low level in large intestine and prostate.
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Ciita
gene id: 10090:Ciita
uniprot id: P79621
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated, affecting interaction with TAF7.
messages: By IFNG and LPS.
messages: Essential for transcriptional activity of the HLA class II promoter; activation is via the proximal promoter. No DNA binding of in vitro translated CIITA was detected. May act in a coactivator-like fashion through protein-protein interactions by contacting factors binding to the proximal MHC class II promoter, to elements of the transcription machinery, or both. Alternatively it may activate HLA class II transcription by modifying proteins that bind to the MHC class II promoter. Also mediates enhanced MHC class I transcription, the promoter element requirements for CIITA-mediated transcription are distinct from those of constitutive MHC class I transcription, and CIITA can functionally replace TAF1 at these genes (By similarity). Activates CD74 transcription (By similarity) (PubMed:32855215). Exhibits intrinsic GTP-stimulated acetyltransferase activity. Exhibits serine/threonine protein kinase activity: phosphorylates the TFIID component TAF7, the RAP74 subunit of the general transcription factor TFIIF, histone H2B at 'Ser-37' and other histones (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with ZXDA and ZXDC. Interacts with PML (isoform PML-2). Interacts with TAF7; interaction inhibits CIITA acetyltransferase activity, thereby repressing transcription.
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed at very high levels in dendritic cells, at very low levels in spleen and thymus and is not detected in other tissues. Isoform 2 is detected at high levels in spleen and tonsil as well as in a number of B-lymphocyte cell lines, and at very low levels in dendritic cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: The GTP-binding motif doesn't confer GTPase activity but promotes nuclear localization.
messages: The acetyltransferase domain is necessary for activation of both class I and class II transcription.

10090:Dnajc2
gene id: 10090:Dnajc2
uniprot id: E9Q9H2
uniprot id: P54103
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts both as a chaperone in the cytosol and as a chromatin regulator in the nucleus. When cytosolic, acts as a molecular chaperone: component of the ribosome-associated complex (RAC), a complex involved in folding or maintaining nascent polypeptides in a folding-competent state. In the RAC complex, stimulates the ATPase activity of the ribosome-associated pool of Hsp70-type chaperones HSPA14 that bind to the nascent polypeptide chain. When nuclear, mediates the switching from polycomb-repressed genes to an active state: specifically recruited at histone H2A ubiquitinated at 'Lys-119' (H2AK119ub), and promotes the displacement of the polycomb PRC1 complex from chromatin, thereby facilitating transcription activation.
messages: Component of ribosome-associated complex (RAC), a heterodimer composed of Hsp70/DnaK-type chaperone HSPA14 and Hsp40/DnaJ-type chaperone DNAJC2 (By similarity). Interacts (via ZRF1-UBD region) with ID1 (PubMed:10581180, PubMed:7559602).
messages: Expressed in all tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in M (mitotic) phase.
messages: The ZRF1-UBD region specifically recognizes and binds H2AK119ub. The ZRF1-UBD region is also involved in protein-protein interactions with other proteins, suggesting that it may be masked by some regulator, thereby preventing its association with H2AK119ub.
messages: cytosol

10090:Mup3
gene id: 10090:Mup3
uniprot id: P04939
uniprot id: Q3KQQ2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in the urine of adult male mice but absent from that of females.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Binds pheromones that are released from drying urine of males. These pheromones affect the sexual behavior of females.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Elp3
gene id: 10090:Elp3
uniprot id: Q9CZX0
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ELP3 family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
messages: Catalytic tRNA acetyltransferase subunit of the elongator complex which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine) (By similarity). In the elongator complex, acts as a tRNA uridine(34) acetyltransferase by mediating formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). May also act as a protein lysine acetyltransferase by mediating acetylation of target proteins; such activity is however unclear in vivo and recent evidences suggest that ELP3 primarily acts as a tRNA acetyltransferase (By similarity). Involved in neurogenesis: regulates the migration and branching of projection neurons in the developing cerebral cortex, through a process depending on alpha-tubulin acetylation (PubMed:19185337). Required for acetylation of GJA1 in the developing cerebral cortex (PubMed:28507509).
messages: Component of the elongator complex which consists of ELP1, ELP2, ELP3, ELP4, ELP5 and ELP6. ELP1, ELP2 and ELP3 form the elongator core complex. Interacts with alpha-tubulin.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality by 12.5 dpc caused by severe growth retardation (PubMed:27476491, PubMed:29415125). Conditional deletion in adults is also lethal (PubMed:29415125).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongator complex was originally thought to play a role in transcription elongation. However, it is no longer thought to play a direct role in this process and its primary function is thought to be in tRNA modification.
messages: The relevance of the protein lysine acetyltransferase activity is unclear (By similarity). The publication reporting acetylation of GJA1 does not provide direct evidence of lysine acetyltransferase activity of ELP3 (PubMed:28507509).
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated. Also serine/threonine-phosphorylated.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in blastocysts and 10.5 dpc embryos (PubMed:27476491). Expression increases during embryonic stem cell maintenance differentiation (PubMed:27476491).

10090:Star
gene id: 10090:Star
uniprot id: P51557
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed within glia and neurons in discrete regions of the brain.
messages: May interact with TSPO.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Plays a key role in steroid hormone synthesis by enhancing the metabolism of cholesterol into pregnenolone. Transporter that binds to and transport cholesterol through the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion.

10090:Btrc
gene id: 10090:Btrc
uniprot id: Q3ULA2
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle and, most strongly, in testis.
messages: Homodimer. Self-associates. Component of the SCF(BTRC) complex, composed of SKP1, CUL1 and BTRC. Direct interaction with SKP1 with SKP1 occurs via the F-box domain. Interacts with phosphorylated ubiquitination substrates SMAD3 and SMAD4. Interacts with phosphorylated ubiquitination substrates CTNNB1, NFKBIA, NFKBIB, NFKBIE, NFKB1/nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit, ATF4, CDC25A, DLG1, FBXO5 and SNAI1; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of the 2 serine residues in the substrate destruction motif D-S-G-X(2,3,4)-S. Binds UBQLN1. Interacts with CDC34 and UBE2R2. Interacts with FBXW11. Interacts with CUL4A and DDB1. Part of a SCF(BTRC)-like complex lacking CUL1, which is associated with phosphorylated NKBIA and RELA; RELA interacts directly with NFKBIA. Interacts with the phosphorylated form of GLI3. Interacts with CLU. Interacts with PER1 (phosphorylated), PER2 (phosphorylated) and PER3. Interacts with phosphorylated ubiquitination substrate CEP68 (By similarity). Interacts with ZC3H12A; this interaction occurs when ZC3H12A is phosphorylated in a IKBKB/IKKB-dependent manner (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with HSF1; this interaction occurs during mitosis and induces HSF1 ubiquitin-dependent degradation, a process inhibited by CDC20 (By similarity). Interacts with NFE2L1 (PubMed:21911472). Interacts with INAVA (By similarity). Interacts with IL10RA; this interaction leads to IL10RA ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (By similarity). Interacts with REST (By similarity). Interacts with KLF4; this interaction leads to KLF4 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:29593216).
messages: Mutants have normal circadian behavior with normal PER2 expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PubMed:10531037 wrongly lists the species as human.
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:10097128, PubMed:16371461, PubMed:18782782, PubMed:9859996, PubMed:9990853, PubMed:21911472, PubMed:29593216). Recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins (PubMed:10097128, PubMed:16371461, PubMed:18782782, PubMed:9859996, PubMed:9990853, PubMed:21911472). SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKB, ATF4, CDC25A, DLG1, FBXO5, PER1, SMAD3, SMAD4, SNAI1 and probably NFKB2. SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling (By similarity). SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of NFKBIA, NFKBIB and NFKBIE; the degradation frees the associated NFKB1 to translocate into the nucleus and to activate transcription (PubMed:9859996, PubMed:10097128). Ubiquitination of NFKBIA occurs at 'Lys-21' and 'Lys-22' (PubMed:9859996, PubMed:10097128). SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination of CEP68; this is required for centriole separation during mitosis (By similarity). SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of nuclear NFE2L1 (PubMed:21911472). Has an essential role in the control of the clock-dependent transcription via degradation of phosphorylated PER1 and PER2 (PubMed:18782782). May be involved in ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation through a DBB1-CUL4 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). Required for activation of NFKB-mediated transcription by IL1B, MAP3K14, MAP3K1, IKBKB and TNF (By similarity). Required for proteolytic processing of GLI3 (PubMed:16371461). Mediates ubiquitination of REST, thereby leading to its proteasomal degradation (By similarity). SCF(BTRC) mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of KLF4; thereby negatively regulating cell pluripotency maintenance and embryogenesis (PubMed:29593216).
messages: The N-terminal D domain mediates homodimerization.

10090:Tmem220
gene id: 10090:Tmem220
uniprot id: Q8BP07
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tex43
gene id: 10090:Tex43
uniprot id: Q9D9I1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed predominantly in the testis.
messages: No defects seen in the sperm morphology and motility (PubMed:34446558). Velocity parameters such as average path velocity, straight-line velocity, and curvilinear velocity are slightly decreased in the spermatozoa (PubMed:34446558).

10090:Fam120c
gene id: 10090:Fam120c
uniprot id: Q3V3X9
uniprot id: Q8C3F2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the constitutive coactivator of PPAR-gamma family.

10090:Mrtfb
gene id: 10090:Mrtfb
uniprot id: P59759
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor (SRF). Required for skeletal myogenic differentiation.
messages: Detected throughout the embryo at 10.5 dpc. High expression in epithelial cells of the lung, kidney, bladder, colon, testis, in the smooth muscle of the colon and small intestines, and in the mesenchymal cells adjacent to the olfactory epithelium at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with MRTFA and SRF.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: The N-terminal region is required for nuclear localization and the C-terminal region mediates transcriptional activity.
messages: Widely expressed. High expression in heart, brain and testis. Lower expression in lung, liver and kidney.

10090:Adam17
gene id: 10090:Adam17
uniprot id: E9PXU2
uniprot id: Q9Z0F8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaves the membrane-bound precursor of TNF-alpha to its mature soluble form. Responsible for the proteolytical release of soluble JAM3 from endothelial cells surface. Plays a role in the proteolytic processing of ACE2 (By similarity). Responsible for the proteolytic release of several other cell-surface proteins, including p75 TNF-receptor, interleukin 1 receptor type II, p55 TNF-receptor, transforming growth factor-alpha, L-selectin, growth hormone receptor, MUC1 and the amyloid precursor protein (PubMed:10799547, PubMed:11108241). Acts as an activator of Notch pathway by mediating cleavage of Notch, generating the membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT) (PubMed:10882063). Plays a role in hemostasis through shedding of GP1BA, the platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain (PubMed:12907434). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of LAG3, leading to release the secreted form of LAG3 (PubMed:17245433). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of IL6R, leading to the release of secreted form of IL6R (By similarity). Mediates the proteolytic cleavage and shedding of FCGR3A upon NK cell stimulation, a mechanism that allows for increased NK cell motility and detachment from opsonized target cells.
messages: Inhibited by metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 (TIMP-3), but not by TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-4.
messages: Interacts with MAD2L1, MAPK14 and MUC1. Interacts with iRhom1/RHBDF1 and iRhom2/RHBDF2. Interacts with FRMD8 via its interaction with iRhom1/RHBDF1 and iRhom2/RHBDF2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Must be membrane anchored to cleave the different substrates. The cytoplasmic domain is not required for the this activity. Only the catalytic domain is essential to shed TNF and p75 TNFR.
messages: Phosphorylated. Stimulation by growth factor or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induces phosphorylation of Ser-822 but decreases phosphorylation of Ser-794. Phosphorylation at Thr-735 by MAPK14 is required for ADAM17-mediated ectodomain shedding (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed at highest levels in heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testes. Expressed at lower levels in brain, spleen and lung.

10090:Aldoa
gene id: 10090:Aldoa
uniprot id: A6ZI44
uniprot id: P05064
uniprot id: Q5FWB7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible conversion of beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) into two triose phosphate and plays a key role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis (By similarity). In addition, may also function as scaffolding protein (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with SNX9 and WAS. Interacts with FBP2; the interaction blocks FBP2 inhibition by physiological concentrations of AMP and reduces inhibition by Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: I band
messages: In vertebrates, three forms of this ubiquitous glycolytic enzyme are found, aldolase A in muscle, aldolase B in liver and aldolase C in brain.
messages: M line

10090:Sntb2
gene id: 10090:Sntb2
uniprot id: Q542S9
uniprot id: Q61235
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that binds to and probably organizes the subcellular localization of a variety of membrane proteins. May link various receptors to the actin cytoskeleton and the dystrophin glycoprotein complex. May play a role in the regulation of secretory granules via its interaction with PTPRN (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the syntrophin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer (Probable). Interacts with the dystrophin protein DMD and related protein DTNA; and with the other members of the syntrophin family: SNTA1 and SNTB1. Interacts with the neuroregulin receptor ERBB4. Interacts with PTPRN when phosphorylated, protecting PTPRN from protein cleavage by CAPN1. Dephosphorylation upon insulin stimulation disrupts the interaction with PTPRN and results in the cleavage of PTPRN (By similarity). Interacts with the sodium channel proteins SCN4A and SCN5A. Interacts with SAST, MAST205, microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. Interacts with the dystrophin related protein UTRN. Interacts with DTNB (PubMed:10893187).
messages: Phosphorylated. Partially dephosphorylated upon insulin stimulation (By similarity).
messages: The PDZ domain binds to the last three or four amino acids of ion channels and receptor proteins. The association with dystrophin or related proteins probably leaves the PDZ domain available to recruit proteins to the membrane (By similarity).
messages: The PH 1 domain mediates the oligomerization in a calcium dependent manner.
messages: The SU domain binds calmodulin in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: Ubiquitous. Expressed at high levels in the testis.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Prr15
gene id: 10090:Prr15
uniprot id: A2RT92
uniprot id: Q9D1T5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PRR15 family.
messages: Exhibits a cell type specific expression pattern only in the small and large intestine and in the testis. Along the intestinal tract expression is restricted to the non-proliferating epithelial cells surrounding the villi and no expression is found in the intestinal crypts, where proliferation occurs. In the testis, it is detected only in post-mitotic secondary spermatocytes.
messages: Expressed in specific structures of the developing head, namely the brain, inner and middle ear, olfactory epithelium, vomeronasal organ, nasopharynx, oropharynx, papillae of the tongue and oral cavity, pituitary gland and epiglottis.
messages: May have a role in proliferation and/or differentiation.

10090:Rdh11
gene id: 10090:Rdh11
uniprot id: Q9QYF1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Deficient mice are fertile and developed normally but exhibit delayed dark adaptation vision (PubMed:15790565). Testis and livers of deficient mice exhibit a lower rate of all-trans-retinal conversion to all-trans-retinol (PubMed:29567832).
messages: Down-regulated in liver by fasting and rose by refeeding.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at high level in liver and testis (PubMed:12807874, PubMed:15790565, PubMed:29567832). Expressed at lower levels in smooth muscle, thymus, submaxillary gland and epididymis. In testis, expression is restricted to pachytene spermatocytes. Also expressed in four layers of the retina, including the outer segment of rods and cones (PubMed:12807874, PubMed:15790565).
messages: Not glycosylated.
messages: Retinol dehydrogenase with a clear preference for NADP (PubMed:12807874, PubMed:29567832). Displays high activity towards 9-cis, 11-cis and all-trans-retinol, and to a lesser extent on 13-cis-retinol (By similarity) (PubMed:12807874). Exhibits also reductive activity towards toxic lipid peroxidation products such as medium-chain aldehydes trans-2-nonenal, nonanal, and cis-6-nonenal (PubMed:12807874). Has no dehydrogenase activity towards steroid (PubMed:12807874). Seems to be required for homeostasis of retinol in liver and testis (PubMed:29567832).
messages: Shows clear specificity for the pro-S hydrogen on C4 of NADPH and the pro-R hydrogen on C15 of retinols.

10090:Tmtc2
gene id: 10090:Tmtc2
uniprot id: Q56A06
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMTC family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Membrane
messages: Transfers mannosyl residues to the hydroxyl group of serine or threonine residues. The 4 members of the TMTC family are O-mannosyl-transferases dedicated primarily to the cadherin superfamily, each member seems to have a distinct role in decorating the cadherin domains with O-linked mannose glycans at specific regions. Also acts as O-mannosyl-transferase on other proteins such as PDIA3.

10090:Gpr37l1
gene id: 10090:Gpr37l1
uniprot id: A1L151
uniprot id: Q99JG2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At postnatal day 1, not detectable in any brain area examined but at postnatal day 8, strongly expressed in both astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursors (OPs). At postnatal day 15 and during adulthood, expression in astrocytes and OPs remains at high levels.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G-protein coupled receptor (PubMed:27072655). Has been shown to bind the neuroprotective and glioprotective factor prosaposin (PSAP), leading to endocytosis followed by an ERK phosphorylation cascade (By similarity). However, other studies have shown that prosaposin does not increase activity (By similarity). It has been suggested that GPR37L1 is a constitutively active receptor which signals through the guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha (By similarity). Participates in the regulation of postnatal cerebellar development by modulating the Shh pathway (PubMed:24062445). Regulates baseline blood pressure in females and protects against cardiovascular stress in males (PubMed:29625592). Mediates inhibition of astrocyte glutamate transporters and reduction in neuronal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity (PubMed:28795439).
messages: Has been reported to act as a receptor for prosaposin (PSAP). However, it has also been shown that prosaposin does not increase activity. It has been suggested that GPR37L1 is a constitutively active receptor.
messages: Highly expressed in brain but not in heart or kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:29625592). In the brain, highly expressed in cerebellar Bergmann glia (at protein level) (PubMed:24062445, PubMed:29625592). Detected in the hippocampus but not in the brain stem or neocortex (at protein level) (PubMed:29625592). In several key cardiovascular centers of the central nervous system including the caudal and rostral ventrolateral medulla, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and the A5 nucleus, detected close to, but not within, tyrosine hydroxylase-positive catecholaminergic neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:29625592). Expressed in astrocytes in both gray and white matter and is also detected throughout the brain in some oligodendrocyte precursors (PubMed:28795439).
messages: Interacts with the PTCH1 receptor.
messages: Membrane
messages: Premature down-regulation of proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron precursors in postnatal mice, precocious maturation of Bergmann glia and Purkinje neurons, precocious juvenile motor abilities, and improved adult motor learning and coordination (PubMed:24062445). Early activation of the Shh pathway with increased levels of Shh, Smo and Ptch1 earlier in postnatal development than in wild-type mice (PubMed:24062445). Increased aortic diastolic, mean arterial and pulse pressures in females but not in males (PubMed:29625592). Males develop exacerbated left ventricular hypertrophy and evidence of heart failure when challenged with short-term angiotensin-2 infusion while females are protected from cardiac fibrosis (PubMed:29625592). Increased susceptibility to induced seizures (PubMed:28688853). Reduced signaling in the cerebellum as indicated by significantly less cAMP production (PubMed:27072655). No effect on the input resistance or resting potential of astrocytes or neurons (PubMed:28795439). Neuronal death is increased by 40% in an in vitro model of ischemia (PubMed:28795439).
messages: The N-terminal region is required for constitutive signal transduction.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: Undergoes metalloprotease-mediated cleavage which reduces its constitutive activity.
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Ranbp10
gene id: 10090:Ranbp10
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0G4
uniprot id: A9UGK3
uniprot id: Q6VN19
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RANBP9/10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at highest levels in spleen and liver. Expressed in megakaryocytes and platelets (at protein level).
messages: May act as an adapter protein to couple membrane receptors to intracellular signaling pathways (Probable). Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1 (By similarity). Enhances dihydrotestosterone-induced transactivation activity of AR, as well as dexamethasone-induced transactivation activity of NR3C1, but does not affect estrogen-induced transactivation (By similarity). Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAN GTPase (PubMed:18347012). May play an essential role in hemostasis and in maintaining microtubule dynamics with respect to both platelet shape and function (PubMed:19801445).
messages: May form homodimers. Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles. Interacts with RAN and RANBP9. Interacts with the HGF receptor MET. Interacts with AR (By similarity). Interacts with TUBB1 (PubMed:18347012). Interacts with YPEL5 (By similarity). May interact with TUBB5 (PubMed:18347012). Interacts with DDX4 (PubMed:27622290).
messages: Mutant mice are viable and show no conspicuous phenotype. They have normal platelet counts and only slightly reduced proplatelet formation. Resting platelets tend to have a more spherical shape. Many platelets exhibit disorders in microtubule filament numbers and localization. The animals show a markedly prolonged bleeding time. Granule release is also reduced.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SPRY domain mediates the interaction with MET.

10090:Olfr955
gene id: 10090:Olfr955
uniprot id: Q9EQ97
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Got1
gene id: 10090:Got1
uniprot id: P05201
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide is an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in neurons of the retina. Localizes to the inner and outer plexiform layers, the inner and outer nuclear layer and the outer segments of photoreceptors.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In eukaryotes there are cytoplasmic, mitochondrial and chloroplastic isozymes.
messages: Inhibited by calcium ions.

10090:Ltb
gene id: 10090:Ltb
uniprot id: A0A0U5JAA2
uniprot id: P41155
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cytokine that binds to LTBR/TNFRSF3. May play a specific role in immune response regulation. Provides the membrane anchor for the attachment of the heterotrimeric complex to the cell surface.
messages: Heterotrimer of either two LTB and one LTA subunits or (less prevalent) two LTA and one LTB subunits.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cyp2f2
gene id: 10090:Cyp2f2
uniprot id: P33267
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Club cells in lung and liver.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in the regio- and stereoselective transformation of naphthalene to trans-1R-hydroxy-2R-glutathionyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene in the presence of glutathione and glutathione S-transferases. It specifically catalyzes the production of a very reactive and potentially toxic intermediate, the 2R,2S arene oxide, that is associated with necrosis of the unciliated bronchiolar epithelial cells or club cells in lung.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Trabd2b
gene id: 10090:Trabd2b
uniprot id: B1ATG9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TIKI family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Divalent metal cations. Mn(2+) or Co(2+).
messages: Highly expressed in heart and kidney. Also found in white and brown adipose tissue.
messages: Metalloprotease that acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the cleavage of the 8 N-terminal residues of a subset of Wnt proteins. Following cleavage, Wnt proteins become oxidized and form large disulfide-bond oligomers, leading to their inactivation. Able to cleave WNT3A, WNT5, but not WNT11. Required for head formation (By similarity).
messages: Transiently induced during 3T3-L1 cell differentiation into adipocytes. In vivo, down-regulated by fasting in both white and brown adipose tissues. High-fat diet down-regulates expression in white adipose tissue and up-regulates it in brown adipose tissue.

10090:Grm2
gene id: 10090:Grm2
uniprot id: Q14BI2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in neurons in brain cortex (at protein level).
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity. May mediate suppression of neurotransmission or may be involved in synaptogenesis or synaptic stabilization.
messages: Interacts with TAMALIN (By similarity). Interacts with HTR2A.
messages: Synapse
messages: dendrite

10090:Zfp414
gene id: 10090:Zfp414
uniprot id: Q9DCK4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Usp5
gene id: 10090:Usp5
uniprot id: P56399
uniprot id: Q3U4W8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Cleaves linear and branched multiubiquitin polymers with a marked preference for branched polymers. Involved in unanchored 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin disassembly. Binds linear and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin with a lower affinity (By similarity).
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes.
messages: Interacts with TRIML1.

10090:AY761185
gene id: 10090:AY761185
uniprot id: Q5ERI8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hs6st3
gene id: 10090:Hs6st3
uniprot id: Q149R8
uniprot id: Q3UTM4
uniprot id: Q9QYK4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 6-O-sulfation enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to position 6 of the N-sulfoglucosamine residue (GlcNS) of heparan sulfate.
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 6 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Habp2
gene id: 10090:Habp2
uniprot id: E9QM92
uniprot id: Q3UEI7
uniprot id: Q3V1J8
uniprot id: Q8K0D2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cleaves the alpha-chain at multiple sites and the beta-chain between 'Lys-53' and 'Lys-54' but not the gamma-chain of fibrinogen and therefore does not initiate the formation of the fibrin clot and does not cause the fibrinolysis directly. It does not cleave (activate) prothrombin and plasminogen but converts the inactive single chain urinary plasminogen activator (pro-urokinase) to the active two chain form. Activates coagulation factor VII (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer; disulfide-linked. Heterodimer of a 50 kDa heavy and a 27 kDa light chain linked by a disulfide bond.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Liver and kidney.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage at Gly-23 or Met-27 can give rise to the 50 kDa heavy chain and cleavage at Arg-311 or Lys-317 can give rise to the 27 kDa light chain. The heavy chain can undergo further proteolytic cleavage at Arg-168 or Arg-169 to give rise to 2 inactive 26 kDa fragments and the light chain can undergo further proteolytic cleavage at Arg-478 to give rise to inactive 17 kDa and 8 kDa fragments.
messages: Secreted

10090:Samd7
gene id: 10090:Samd7
uniprot id: Q8C8Y5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the retina and the pineal gland. In the retina, it is predominantly expressed in the outer nuclear layer.
messages: Involved in the regulation of gene expression in the retina. It functions as a negative regulator of CRX-controlled genes.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptionally regulated by CRX.

10090:Rpn1
gene id: 10090:Rpn1
uniprot id: Q5RKP4
uniprot id: Q8BMR3
uniprot id: Q91YQ5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the OST1 family.
messages: Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex.
messages: Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits. STT3A complex assembly occurs through the formation of 3 subcomplexes. Subcomplex 1 contains RPN1 and TMEM258, subcomplex 2 contains the STT3A-specific subunits STT3A, DC2/OSTC, and KCP2 as well as the core subunit OST4, and subcomplex 3 contains RPN2, DAD1, and OST48. The STT3A complex can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM35A/NACHO (PubMed:32783947).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Melanosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity.
messages: Ufmylated by UFL1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, promoting reticulophagy of endoplasmic reticulum sheets.

10090:Gjd4
gene id: 10090:Gjd4
uniprot id: A0A654ICD8
uniprot id: Q8BSD4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Delta-type subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: gap junction

10090:D230025D16Rik
gene id: 10090:D230025D16Rik
uniprot id: Q922R1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PHAF1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with BCAS3; the interaction is requrired for the association with the phagophore.
messages: Plays a regulatory role in autophagic activity. In complex with BCAS3, associates with the autophagosome formation site during both non-selective and selective autophagy.
messages: Preautophagosomal structure

10090:Adprh
gene id: 10090:Adprh
uniprot id: P54923
uniprot id: Q3U5N4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ADP-ribosylglycohydrolase family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Specifically acts as an arginine mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolase by mediating the removal of mono-ADP-ribose attached to arginine residues on proteins.
messages: Synergistically stimulated by magnesium and dithiothreitol (DTT) in vitro.

10090:Zfp28
gene id: 10090:Zfp28
uniprot id: P10078
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed predominantly in ovary.
messages: Expression decreases in embryo after day 16.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. May have a role in embryonic development.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Arg1
gene id: 10090:Arg1
uniprot id: Q61176
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the arginase family.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: By T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines such as IL-4, IL-13 and IL-10. In tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells by prostaglandin E2.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed in macrophages (PubMed:7537672, PubMed:12193690, PubMed:19360123). Expressed in precursor and mature group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) (PubMed:27043409). Expressed in lung tumor-associated myeloid cells (PubMed:15313928). Expressed in lung tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (PubMed:19414774).
messages: Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion (By similarity). In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival (PubMed:27043409). Plays a role in the immune response of alternatively activated or M2 macrophages in processes such as wound healing and tissue regeneration, immune defense against multicellular pathogens and parasites, and immune suppression and allergic inflammation; the regulatory outcome seems to be organ specific (PubMed:7537672, PubMed:19360123, PubMed:20483789, PubMed:23552798, PubMed:23637937). In tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells (DCs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) plays a role in suppression of T cell-mediated antitumor immunity (PubMed:19414774, PubMed:23248265).
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity). Interacts with CMTM6 (By similarity).
messages: Key element of the urea cycle converting L-arginine to urea and L-ornithine, which is further metabolized into metabolites proline and polyamides that drive collagen synthesis and bioenergetic pathways critical for cell proliferation, respectively; the urea cycle takes place primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys.

10090:Uap1l1
gene id: 10090:Uap1l1
uniprot id: Q3TW96
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:Rnf225
gene id: 10090:Rnf225
uniprot id: Q9D7D1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn2r78
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r78
uniprot id: K7N6U5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slpi
gene id: 10090:Slpi
uniprot id: P97430
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acid-stable proteinase inhibitor with strong affinities for trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and cathepsin G (PubMed:9126337). Modulates the innate immune response after bacterial infection (PubMed:12615907). Contributes to regulate the inflammatory and immune responses to the intracellular parasite L.major (PubMed:25030421). Down-regulates responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:9039268, PubMed:12615907, PubMed:25030421). Plays a role in regulating the activation of NF-kappa-B and inflammatory responses (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:12615907). Has antimicrobial activity against mycobacteria, but not against salmonella (PubMed:18322212). Contributes to normal resistance against infection by M.tuberculosis (PubMed:18322212). Required for normal resistance to L.major (PubMed:25030421). Required for normal wound healing, probably by preventing tissue damage by limiting protease activity (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:25030421). Together with ELANE, required for normal differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow myeloid cells (By similarity).
messages: Detected in bronchial epithelial cells (PubMed:18322212). Detected in bronchoalveolar fluid after infection with M.tuberculosis (at protein level) (PubMed:18322212). Highest expression in lung, spleen, intestine and epididymis with lower levels in liver and seminal vesicle. No expression in brain, heart, kidney and muscle.
messages: Interacts with GRN; interaction protects progranulin from proteolysis.
messages: Mutant mice show delayed epithelial wound healing and an increased inflammatory response at the site of wounding, possibly due to increased elastase activity (PubMed:11017147, PubMed:25030421). Mutant mice show an increased tendency to die from toxic shock after exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:12615907). Mutant mice are highly susceptible to M.tuberculosis; all die within 50 days after infection (PubMed:18322212). Mutant mice are highly susceptible infection by L.major. Contrary to what is observed with wild-type, the parasites are not restricted to the initial site of infection, but spread to spleen, liver and bone morrow. The skin lesions at the initial site of infection do not heal normally, but become bigger over time, in parallel with the spread of the parasites. The inflammatory response at the site of infection is more intense and persists longer than normal. Increased protease activity is observed in these lesions and may be the cause of the extensive tissue damage and necrosis (PubMed:25030421).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:9039268, PubMed:25030421). Up-regulated in lung after infection with M.tuberculosis (PubMed:18322212). Down-regulated by IFNG (PubMed:9039268). Up-regulated in lung in response to bacterial pneumonia (PubMed:9351627). Up-regulated in macrophages after exposure to L.major (PubMed:25030421). Not up-regulated in spleen in response to bacterial pneumonia (PubMed:9351627). Up-regulated in wounded skin (PubMed:11017147).

10090:Pjvk
gene id: 10090:Pjvk
uniprot id: Q0ZLH2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the gasdermin family.
messages: By noise exposure.
messages: In ear, it is detected in the organ of Corti and the spiral ganglion within the cochlea in the sensory areas of the vestibule (cristae ampullares of the semicircular ducts, and maculae of the saccule and utricle) and in the first 3 relays (cochlear nuclei, superior olivary complex and inferior colliculus) of the afferent auditory pathway (PubMed:16804542). Detected in hair cells of the cochlea and vestibule but not in neurons (PubMed:17329413, PubMed:28089576). In the afferent auditory pathway, it is present in the cell bodies of neurons but not in fiber bundles such as the trapezoid body in the brainstem (PubMed:16804542). Also detected in spiral ganglion cells, which form the auditory nerve and project to the cochlear nuclei in the brainstem (PubMed:16804542). Also present in the cochlear nuclei, the superior olive and the inferior colliculus (at protein level) (PubMed:16804542). Expressed in all the adult organs tested: brain, eye, inner ear, heart, lung, kidney, liver, intestine, testis and weakly in skeletal muscle (PubMed:16804542).
messages: Interacts with MAP1LC3B; interaction is direct (PubMed:30936319). Interacts with IQGAP1 (PubMed:28089576). Interacts with ROCK2 (PubMed:28089576). Interacts with TRIOBP (PubMed:28209736).
messages: Mice display progressive hearing loss caused by hypervulnerability to sound exposure (PubMed:17329413, PubMed:26544938). Cochleas display features of marked oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant defenses, and peroxisomes in hair cells show structural abnormalities after the onset of hearing (PubMed:26544938). Mice with conditional deletion in all sensory hair cells show auditory phenotypes with early-onset profound hearing loss and outer hair cell degeneration (PubMed:28089576, PubMed:28209736). Mice with conditional deletion in outer hair cells show auditory phenotypes with early-onset profound hearing loss (PubMed:28089576). Conditional deletion in adult outer hair cells causes a slowly progressive hearing loss associated with outer hair cells degeneration and delayed loss of inner hair cells (PubMed:28089576).
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: Peroxisome-associated protein required to protect auditory hair cells against noise-induced damage (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319). Acts by regulating noise-induced peroxisome proliferation in auditory hair cells and neurons, and promoting autophagic degradation of damaged peroxisomes (pexophagy) (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319). Noise overexposure increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, causing oxidative damage to auditory hair cells and resulting in hearing loss (PubMed:30936319). PJVK acts as a ROS sensor that recruits the autophagy machinery to trigger pexophagy of peroxisomes damaged by oxidative stress (PubMed:30936319). In addition to pexophagy, also required to promote peroxisome proliferation in response to sound overstimulation (PubMed:26544938, PubMed:30936319).
messages: cilium

10090:Ctxn3
gene id: 10090:Ctxn3
uniprot id: Q8BXZ0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cortexin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nup133
gene id: 10090:Nup133
uniprot id: Q8CDZ5
uniprot id: Q8R0G9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup133 family.
messages: Forms part of the Nup160 subcomplex in the nuclear pore which is composed of NUP160, NUP133, NUP107 and Nup96. This complex plays a role in RNA export and in tethering Nup98 and NUP153 to the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Involved in poly(A)+ RNA transport. Involved in nephrogenesis.
messages: kinetochore
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Clasp2
gene id: 10090:Clasp2
uniprot id: Q8BRT1
uniprot id: Q8BSE7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CLASP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in oocytes and early embryos.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in brain and at low levels in heart, kidney and lung.
messages: Interacts with microtubules (PubMed:11290329). Interacts with MAPRE1; probably required for targeting to growing microtubule plus ends. Interacts with ERC1, MAPRE3 and PHLDB2. The interaction with ERC1 may be mediated by PHLDB2. Interacts with GCC2; recruits CLASP2 to Golgi membranes (By similarity). Interacts with CLIP2 and RSN (PubMed:11290329). Interacts with MACF1 (PubMed:18854161).
messages: Microtubule plus-end tracking protein that promotes the stabilization of dynamic microtubules. Involved in the nucleation of noncentrosomal microtubules originating from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Required for the polarization of the cytoplasmic microtubule arrays in migrating cells towards the leading edge of the cell. May act at the cell cortex to enhance the frequency of rescue of depolymerizing microtubules by attaching their plus-ends to cortical platforms composed of ERC1 and PHLDB2. This cortical microtubule stabilizing activity is regulated at least in part by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. Also performs a similar stabilizing function at the kinetochore which is essential for the bipolar alignment of chromosomes on the mitotic spindle. Acts as a mediator of ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex.
messages: Phosphorylated by GSK3B. Phosphorylation by GSK3B may negatively regulate binding to microtubule lattices in lamella. Isoform 2 is phosphorylated on Ser-241.
messages: The two SXIP sequence motifs mediate interaction with MAPRE1; this is necessary for targeting to growing microtubule plus ends.
messages: Two TOG regions display structural characteristics similar to HEAT repeat domains and mediate interaction with microtubules.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: kinetochore
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Atp5j2
gene id: 10090:Atp5j2
uniprot id: P56135
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATPase F chain family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(0) seems to have nine subunits: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8 (or A6L). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain. Minor subunit located with subunit a in the membrane.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Spag1
gene id: 10090:Spag1
uniprot id: Q80ZX8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antibodies against SPAG1 interfere with fertilization.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in cerebellum, tongue, esophagus, forestomach, sperm and testis.
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Expression is very low in embryonic epidermis at 13.5 dpc and increases from 14.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc. In young mice expression increases in the testis of 2 to 6 weeks old animals, and then remains stable.
messages: May play a role in the cytoplasmic assembly of the ciliary dynein arms (By similarity). May play a role in fertilization. Binds GTP and has GTPase activity (By similarity).

10090:Clgn
gene id: 10090:Clgn
uniprot id: P52194
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calreticulin family.
messages: Detected in testis (at protein level). Detected in testis.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Functions during spermatogenesis as a chaperone for a range of client proteins that are important for sperm adhesion onto the egg zona pellucida and for subsequent penetration of the zona pellucida. Required for normal sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct. Required for normal male fertility. Binds calcium ions.
messages: Interacts with PDILT and PPIB (By similarity). Interacts with ADAM2. Interacts with ADAM1A, ADAM1B and ADAM3; these are protein-coding genes in mouse but may be pseudogenes in other organisms.
messages: Male mice show normal mating behavior and produce morphologically normal sperm, but are nearly sterile. Mutant sperm fail to adhere to the egg zona pellucida and are generally unable to penetrate the egg extracellular matrix. In addition, mutant sperm display defects in migration from the uterus into the oviduct.
messages: Specifically expressed during male meiotic germ cell development. First detected in early pachytene spermatocytes. Expression is highest in elongating and round spermatids and decreases thereafter. Not detectable in mature spermatids.

10090:Kin
gene id: 10090:Kin
uniprot id: Q8K339
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associated with DNA polymerase alpha, RFC1 and cyclin A, in multiprotein DNA replication complexes. Also associates with replication origins at the G1/S phase boundary and throughout the S phase in vivo (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the KIN17 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in transformed mouse AtT20 neuroendocrine cells. Expressed at a lower level in testis, kidney, skeletal muscle, liver, lung, spleen, brain and heart and kidney. In testis, expressed at much higher levels in proliferating cells than in differentiating cells. Not detected in embryo.
messages: In testis, expression almost doubled from day 5 to days 17-22 postpartum (dpp) and then decreased by 28 dpp to reach a stable level in adult testis.
messages: Involved in DNA replication and the cellular response to DNA damage. May participate in DNA replication factories and create a bridge between DNA replication and repair mediated by high molecular weight complexes. May play a role in illegitimate recombination and regulation of gene expression. May participate in mRNA processing. Binds, in vitro, to double-stranded DNA. Also shown to bind preferentially to curved DNA in vitro and in vivo. Binds via its C-terminal domain to RNA in vitro.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recognized by antibodies directed against the RecA protein.
messages: The C-terminal domain (268-393) is organized into 2 subdomains that bear structural similarities to SH3-like domains. Both subdomains adopt a similar 5-stranded beta-barrel-like fold and are connected to each other by a short linker of 5 residues. The 5 beta-sheets are packed at approximately right angles against each other. A highly conserved groove formed at the interface between the 2 subdomains, comprised of Lys residues 302 and 391 and other positively charged residues, may possibly be the site of RNA-binding (By similarity).

10090:Pih1d2
gene id: 10090:Pih1d2
uniprot id: Q8CHR9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PIH1 family.

10090:Edar
gene id: 10090:Edar
uniprot id: Q9R187
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to EDARADD. Associates with TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3 and NIK.
messages: By activin A in 12 dpc dental epithelium.
messages: Defects in Edar are a cause of the downless phenotype in mice (the equivalent of anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in humans). The disease is characterized by sparse hair (atrichosis or hypotrichosis), abnormal or missing teeth and the inability to sweat due to the absence of sweat glands.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for EDA isoform TAA, but not for EDA isoform TA-2 (By similarity). May mediate the activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK. May promote caspase-independent cell death.
messages: Transcripts are not detectable in the branchial arch epithelium before morphological tooth formation (10 dpc), but are highly expressed during the initiation of tooth development (11 dpc). Starting 12 dpc, expression is high and limited to the budding cells, and remains high in the fully developed enamel knot at 14 dpc, whereas all other dental cells were completely negative. During 15 dpc the enamel knot disappears largely through apoptosis, and no transcripts were detected in the tooth germs of newborns. In skin, uniformly distributed in the basal cells of the epidermis before follicle initiation. Expression becomes focally elevated before placodes become distinguishable. By 17 dpc transcripts are almost exclusively confined to maturing follicles and the recently initiated placodes.

10090:Grn
gene id: 10090:Grn
uniprot id: P28798
uniprot id: Q3U9N4
uniprot id: Q544Y8
uniprot id: Q9D2V3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the granulin family.
messages: Cleaved by ELANE; proteolysis is blocked by SLPI and is concentration- and time-dependent and induces CXCL8/IL-8 production; granulin-3 and granulin-4 are resistant to ELANE (By similarity). Cleaved by CTSL in lysosome thus regulating the maturation and turnover of progranulin within the lysosome (PubMed:28835281).
messages: Highly expressed at the wound site and diminishes away from the wound. Not expressed in fibroblasts and endothelial cells in intact skin (PubMed:12524533). In adult brain, expressed primarily in neurons and in resting and reactive microglia (PubMed:23041626). Expressed in both neurons and microglia. Highly expressed in activated microglia in response to injury (PubMed:28541286). Expressed in macrophage (PubMed:27789271).
messages: Inhibits epithelial cell proliferation and induces epithelial cells to secrete IL-8.
messages: Injury-stimulated induction in the fibroblasts and endothelial cells and by inflammatory cells entering the wound (PubMed:12524533). Injury-stimulated induction in neurons (PubMed:28453791). Strongly induced in activated microglial cells that surround motor neurons after peripheral axonal injury, but not by astrocytes (PubMed:21092856). Up-regulated in response to a cortical injury. Up-regulated in activated glia during normal aging (PubMed:28541286). Induced in response to inflammation (PubMed:27789271).
messages: Lysosome
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Progranulin is secreted as a homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with SLPI; interaction protects progranulin from proteolysis (PubMed:12526812). Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with CTSD; stabilizes CTSD and increases its proteolytic activity. Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with SORT1; this interaction mediates endocytosis and lysosome delivery of progranulin; interaction occurs at the neuronal cell surface in a stressed nervous system (By similarity). Interacts with PSAP; facilitates lysosomal delivery of progranulin from the extracellular space and the biosynthetic pathway (PubMed:26370502). Forms a complex with PSAP and M6PR; PSAP bridges the binding between progranulin and M6PR. Forms a complex with PSAP and SORT1; progranulin bridges the interaction between PSAP and SORT1; facilitates lysosomal targeting of PSAP via SORT1; interaction enhances PSAP uptake in primary cortical neurons (By similarity). Interacts (via regions corresponding to granulin-2 and granulin-7 peptides) with GBA1; this interaction prevents aggregation of GBA1-SCARB2 complex via interaction with HSPA1A upon stress (PubMed:27789271). Interacts (via region corresponding to granulin-7 peptide) with HSPA1A; mediates recruitment of HSPA1A to GBA1 and prevents GBA1 aggregation in response to stress (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted protein that acts as a key regulator of lysosomal function and as a growth factor involved in inflammation, wound healing and cell proliferation (PubMed:28073925, PubMed:8496151, PubMed:28541286, PubMed:28453791, PubMed:20026663, PubMed:23041626, PubMed:27789271, PubMed:12524533). Regulates protein trafficking to lysosomes and, also the activity of lysosomal enzymes (PubMed:28453791, PubMed:28541286, PubMed:27789271). Facilitates also the acidification of lysosomes, causing degradation of mature CTSD by CTSB (PubMed:28073925). In addition, functions as wound-related growth factor that acts directly on dermal fibroblasts and endothelial cells to promote division, migration and the formation of capillary-like tubule structures (PubMed:12524533). Also promotes epithelial cell proliferation by blocking TNF-mediated neutrophil activation preventing release of oxidants and proteases (PubMed:8496151). Moreover, modulates inflammation in neurons by preserving neurons survival, axonal outgrowth and neuronal integrity (PubMed:23041626, PubMed:20026663).
messages: Stabilizes CTSD through interaction with CTSD leading to maintain its aspartic-type peptidase activity.
messages: Young-adult knockout mice are healthy and fertile, grow normally and show no abnormalities in hematogram or serum chemistries. However they show increased inflammation levels, impaired host defense, and neuropathology (PubMed:20026663). Knockout animals displays neuronal outgrowth deficit. They exhibit increased neuron death and microglial activation upon central nervous system injury (CNS). Conditional knockout mice exhibit a reduction in dopaminergic neurons and increased microgliosis after CNS injury (PubMed:23041626). In neurons, conditional knockout mice show a significant delay in axonal regrowth and functional recovery after crush (PubMed:28453791). At 2 months of age, knockout animals exhibit up-regulation of the expression level of many lysosomal proteins, including that of cathepsin B/CTSB, cathepsin L/CTSL, dipeptidyl peptidase 2/DPP7 and LAMP1. At 4 months of age, knockout mice show increased locomotor activity in the open-field behavior test as compared to wild-type animals. They are also less anxious and disinhibited than wild-type littermates. Retinal degeneration can be observed as early as 5 months of age (PubMed:20026663, PubMed:23041626, PubMed:28453791). Mice deficient in both PGRN and TMEM106B are born at normal Mendelian frequency and do not show any obvious growth defects or body weight changes. At around 3.5 months of age, the animals develop severe ataxia, hindlimb weakness, reduced motor activity, altered clasping behavior and eventually premature death. Neuronal loss and severe microglia and astrocyte activation are observed in the spinal cord, retina, and brain (PubMed:32761777, PubMed:32852886, PubMed:32929860). Myelin degeneration occurs in the spinal cord (PubMed:32761777). Drastic autophagy and lysosomal abnormalities, as well as other pathological changes related to frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD)/amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are observed (PubMed:32761777, PubMed:32852886, PubMed:32929860). Most studies consistently show th…

10090:Olfr1218
gene id: 10090:Olfr1218
uniprot id: L7MU54
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Kcnq4
gene id: 10090:Kcnq4
uniprot id: Q9JK97
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basal cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. KQT (TC 1.A.1.15) subfamily. Kv7.4/KCNQ4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Homotetramer. May form heteromultimers with KCNQ3 (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AB1; promotes cell surface expression of KCNQ4 (By similarity).
messages: In the inner ear expressed in the outer sensory hair cells of the cochlea and in type I hair cells of the vestibular organs. Also expressed in the postsynaptic membrane of the calyx nerve endings innervating type I cells. In the brain expressed in neurons of many, but not all, nuclei of the central auditory pathway. Absent from most other brain regions.
messages: Probably important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. May underlie a potassium current involved in regulating the excitability of sensory cells of the cochlea.
messages: The A-domain tail carries the major determinants of channel assembly specificity. Its coiled-coil region is Four-stranded (By similarity).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Dtnbp1
gene id: 10090:Dtnbp1
uniprot id: Q91WZ8
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dysbindin family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. Associates with the BLOC-2 complex to facilitate the transport of TYRP1 independent of AP-3 function. Plays a role in synaptic vesicle trafficking and in neurotransmitter release. Plays a role in the regulation of cell surface exposure of DRD2. May play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization and neurite outgrowth. May modulate MAPK8 phosphorylation. Appears to promote neuronal transmission and viability through regulating the expression of SNAP25 and SYN1, modulating PI3-kinase-Akt signaling and influencing glutamatergic release. Regulates the expression of SYN1 through binding to its promoter. Modulates prefrontal cortical activity via the dopamine/D2 pathway.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Defects in Dtnbp1 are the cause of the sandy (sdy) mutant phenotype, a model for human Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS). Sdy mice lack dysbindin expression; they have a characteristic sandy coat color and have much fewer melanosomes in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid. They are fully viable, but present behavioral abnormalities. They have prolonged bleeding times due to platelet storage pool deficiency, and lysosomal storage defects. The number of electron-opaque platelet dense granules is severely reduced, and the platelet serotonin content is strongly reduced. Secretion of lysosomal enzymes from kidney and from thrombin-stimulated platelets is depressed 2- and 3-fold, and ceroid pigment is present in kidney. Sandy mice also display impaired long-term memory retention and working memory and schizophrenia-like behavioral abnormalities. Vesicle morphology and kinetics of transmitter release are affected in both neuroendocrine cells and hippocampal synapses, characterized by larger vesicle size, slower quantal release, fewer release events and reduced readily releasable pool (RRP). Expression levels of SYN1 are lower in both the cortex and the hippocampal formation (HF).
messages: Detected in brain, in hippocampus and dentate gyrus neurons. Detected at axon bundles and axon terminals, notably in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Detected in neuropil in hippocampus, lateral septum, basal ganglia and substantia nigra. Highly expressed in pyramidal cells of hippocampus CA2 and CA3. Detected at the heart and skeletal muscle sarcolemma (at protein level). Ubiquitously expressed. The highest expression is observed in testis, liver, kidney, brain, heart and lung. Expressed at lower levels in stomach and small intestine.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with AP3M1 and TRIM32. Interacts (isoform 1 and isoform 2 only) with the DNA-dependent protein kinase complex DNA-PK; the interaction phosphorylates DTNBP1 in vitro. Interacts directly in this complex with XRCC5 and XRCC6. Interacts with XPO1; the interaction exports DTNBP1 out of the nucleus (By similarity). Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1) composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. The BLOC-1 complex associates with the AP-3 protein complex and membrane protein cargos. This BLOC-1 complex also associates with the BLOC-2 complex in endosomes. Binds to DTNA and DTNB but may not be a physiological binding partner (PubMed:16448387 and PubMed:16980328). Interacts (via its coiled coil domain) with KXD1. Interacts with AP3B2, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, CMYA5, PI4K2, RNF151 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. Interacts with XPO1; the interaction exports DTNBP1 out of the nucleus.
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Null mice exhibit cognitive abnormalities including schizophrenia-related behaviors such as impaired working memory under stressful conditions. There is higher acoustic startle reactivity to stimuli. Pyramidal neurons are hypoexcitable on dopamine-2 receptor stimulation. There is reduced expression of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and CaMKKbeta in the medial prefrontal cortex mPFC. There is increased expression levels of cell surface dopamine receptor D2 in cortical neurons. Expression levels of SYN1 are lower in both cortex and in the hippocampal formation (HF).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Ubiquitinated by TRIM32. Ubiquitination leads to DTNBP1 degradation.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Me1
gene id: 10090:Me1
uniprot id: P06801
uniprot id: Q3TQP6
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the malic enzymes family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of (S)-malate in the presence of NADP(+) and divalent metal ions, and decarboxylation of oxaloacetate.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese.
messages: Homotetramer.

10090:Vmn1r137
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r137
uniprot id: D3YTY1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lck
gene id: 10090:Lck
uniprot id: E9Q696
uniprot id: P06240
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on Tyr-394, increasing enzymatic activity, this site is dephosphorylated by PTN22. Phosphorylated on Tyr-505 by CSK, decreasing activity. Dephosphorylated by PTPRC/CD45. Dephosphorylation at Tyr-394 by PTPN2 negatively regulates T-cells differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.
messages: Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cell surface receptors, such as AXL, CD2, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD44, CD45 and CD122. Also binds to effector molecules, such as PI4K, VAV1, RASA1, FYB1 and to other protein kinases including CDK1, RAF1, ZAP70 and SYK. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) from T-lymphocytes through its SH3 domain and to the tyrosine phosphorylated form of KHDRBS1/p70 through its SH2 domain. Interacts with SQSTM1. Interacts with phosphorylated LIME1. Interacts with CBLB and PTPRH. Interacts with RUNX3. Forms a signaling complex with EPHA1, PTK2B and PI3-KINASE; upon activation by EFNA1 which may regulate T-lymphocytes migration. Associates with ZAP70 and RHOH; these interactions allow LCK-mediated RHOH and CD3 subunit phosphorylation in the presence of functional ZAP70. Interacts with CEACAM1 (via cytoplasmic domain); mediates CEACAM1 phosphorylation resulting in PTPN6 recruitment that dephosphorylates TCR stimulation-induced CD247 and ZAP70. Interacts with FYB2 (By similarity). Interacts with CD160. Interacts with CD48.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Levels remain relatively constant throughout T-cell ontogeny.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show a dramatic reduction in the level of peripheral T-cells, with 5-10% of wild-type levels. T-cells also exhibit a 10-fold decrease in proliferative response.
messages: Myristoylation is required prior to palmitoylation.
messages: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the selection and maturation of developing T-cells in the thymus and in the function of mature T-cells. Plays a key role in T-cell antigen receptor (TCR)-linked signal transduction pathways. Constitutively associated with the cytoplasmic portions of the CD4 and CD8 surface receptors. Association of the TCR with a peptide antigen-bound MHC complex facilitates the interaction of CD4 and CD8 with MHC class II and class I molecules, respectively, thereby recruiting the associated LCK protein to the vicinity of the TCR/CD3 complex. LCK then phosphorylates tyrosine residues within the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAM) of the cytoplasmic tails of the TCR-gamma chains and CD3 subunits, initiating the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway. Once stimulated, the TCR recruits the tyrosine kinase ZAP70, that becomes phosphorylated and activated by LCK. Following this, a large number of signaling molecules are recruited, ultimately leading to lymphokine production. LCK also contributes to signaling by other receptor molecules. Associates directly with the cytoplasmic tail of CD2, which leads to hyperphosphorylation and activation of LCK. Also plays a role in the IL2 receptor-linked signaling pathway that controls the T-cell proliferative response. Binding of IL2 to its receptor results in increased activity of LCK. Is expressed at all stages of thymocyte development and is required for the regulation of maturation events that are governed by both pre-TCR and mature alpha beta TCR. Phosphorylates other substrates including RUNX3, PTK2B/PYK2, the microtubule-associated protein MAPT, RHOH or TYROBP (By similarity). Interacts with UNC119; this interaction plays a crucial role in activation of LCK (By similarity).
messages: Palmitoylation regulates association with the plasma membrane and could be mediated by ZDHHC2.
messages: Present at a low level in most T-cells, and at an elevated level in LSTRA and Thy19 (T-cell lymphoma) cells.
messages: The SH2 domain mediates interaction with SQSTM1. Interaction is regulated by Ser-59 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: The relative activities of the inhibitory tyrosine-protein kinase CSK and the activating tyrosine-protein phosphatase PTPRC/CD45 determine the level of LCK activity. These interactions allow rapid and efficient activation of LCK in response to TCR stimulation (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Rasgrf1
gene id: 10090:Rasgrf1
uniprot id: P27671
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Brain.
messages: Homooligomer and heterooligomer with RASGRF2. Interacts with USP8, thereby regulating its stability.
messages: Phosphorylated by PLK2, leading to ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Phosphorylated by SRC and LCK. Phosphorylation by LCK increases its capacity to stimulate the GDP/GTP exchange on Ras, whereas its phosphorylation by SRC seems not to have an effect on stimulation activity (By similarity).
messages: Promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP by GTP.
messages: The DH (DBL-homology) domain mediates interaction with RASGRF2.
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded following phosphorylation by PLK2.

10090:Serpinb9c
gene id: 10090:Serpinb9c
uniprot id: I7HJI5
uniprot id: Q80WW4
uniprot id: Q9D6A7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Olfr638
gene id: 10090:Olfr638
uniprot id: Q8VH20
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gdf1
gene id: 10090:Gdf1
uniprot id: A2RT05
uniprot id: P20863
uniprot id: Q3TRG1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Expressed almost exclusively in the nervous system.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: May mediate cell differentiation events during embryonic development.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: This protein is produced by a bicistronic gene which also produces the CERS1 protein from a non-overlapping reading frame.

10090:Ttr
gene id: 10090:Ttr
uniprot id: P07309
uniprot id: Q5M9K1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transthyretin family.
messages: Detected in plasma (at protein level). Detected in liver.
messages: Homotetramer. Dimer of dimers. In the homotetramer, subunits assemble around a central channel that can accommodate two ligand molecules. Interacts with RBP4 (By similarity).
messages: Homotetramer. Dimer of dimers. In the homotetramer, subunits assemble around a central channel that can accommodate two ligand molecules. Interacts with RBP4.
messages: Secreted
messages: The mouse protein shows increased stability and much reduced propensity to form amyloid fibrils, compared to the human protein.
messages: Thyroid hormone-binding protein. Probably transports thyroxine from the bloodstream to the brain.

10090:Ngb
gene id: 10090:Ngb
uniprot id: Q3USR6
uniprot id: Q5ZPR7
uniprot id: Q9ER97
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A redox disulfide bond regulates the heme pocket coordination and the rate of nitrite reduction to NO.
messages: Belongs to the globin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in oxygen transport in the brain. Hexacoordinate globin, displaying competitive binding of oxygen or the distal His residue to the iron atom. Not capable of penetrating cell membranes. The deoxygenated form exhibits nitrite reductase activity inhibiting cellular respiration via NO-binding to cytochrome c oxidase. Involved in neuroprotection during oxidative stress. May exert its anti-apoptotic activity by acting to reset the trigger level of mitochondrial cytochrome c release necessary to commit the cells to apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Homodimer and homotetramer; disulfide-linked (Probable). Interacts with 14-3-3 (By similarity).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by ERK1, ERK2 and PKA, and in vivo during hypoxia. Phosphorylation increases nitrite reductase activity (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in brain.

10090:Gabrd
gene id: 10090:Gabrd
uniprot id: P22933
uniprot id: Q14AH9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRD sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
messages: Generally pentameric. There are five types of GABA(A) receptor subunits: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and rho.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Tut7
gene id: 10090:Tut7
uniprot id: E9PUA2
uniprot id: Q5BLK4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Double conditional knockouts that have deleted both TUT4 and TUT7 at the secondary oocyte stage are infertile. Females ovulate normal numbers of oocytes with normal morphology of antral follicles but with a slight decrease in the frequency of surrounded nucleolus state oocytes. Mutant oocytes are unable to support early embryonic development, they fail to complete meiosis I properly.
messages: Uridylyltransferase that mediates the terminal uridylation of mRNAs with short (less than 25 nucleotides) poly(A) tails, hence facilitating global mRNA decay (PubMed:28792939). Essential for both oocyte maturation and fertility. Through 3' terminal uridylation of mRNA, sculpts, with TUT7, the maternal transcriptome by eliminating transcripts during oocyte growth (PubMed:28792939). Involved in microRNA (miRNA)-induced gene silencing through uridylation of deadenylated miRNA targets. Also acts as a suppressor of miRNA biogenesis by mediating the terminal uridylation of miRNA precursors, including that of let-7 (pre-let-7) (PubMed:22898984). Uridylated pre-let-7 RNA is not processed by Dicer and undergo degradation. Pre-let-7 uridylation is strongly enhanced in the presence of LIN28A. Due to functional redundancy between ZCCHC6 and ZCCHC11, the identification of the specific role of each of these proteins is difficult (By similarity) (PubMed:22898984). Involved in microRNA (miRNA)-induced gene silencing through uridylation of deadenylated miRNA targets (By similarity). Also functions as an integral regulator of microRNA biogenesiS using 3 different uridylation mechanisms (By similarity). Acts as a suppressor of miRNA biogenesis by mediating the terminal uridylation of some miRNA precursors, including that of let-7 (pre-let-7). Uridylated pre-let-7 RNA is not processed by Dicer and undergo degradation. Pre-let-7 oligouridylation is strongly enhanced in the presence of LIN28A (PubMed:22898984). In the absence of LIN28A, TUT7 and TUT4 monouridylate group II pre-miRNAs, which includes most of pre-let7 members, that shapes an optimal 3' end overhang for efficient processing (By similarity). Add oligo-U tails to truncated pre-miRNAS with a 5' overhang which may promote rapid degradation of non-functional pre-miRNA species (By similarity). Does not play a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation (By similarity). Due to functional redundancy between TUT4 and TUT7…
messages: Utilizes two multidomain functional modules during the switch from monouridylation to oligouridylation. The catalytic module (containing the 3 CCHC-type Zinc finger domains) is essential for both activities while the Lin28-interacting module (LIM) at the N-termail part is indispensable for oligouridylation.

10090:Tmem259
gene id: 10090:Tmem259
uniprot id: Q8CIV2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the membralin family.
messages: Detected in brain, spinal cord, lung, liver and kidney.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with ERLIN2.
messages: Lethality typically occurs several days after birth, associated with motor neuron deficiency and paresis.
messages: May have a role in the ERAD pathway required for clearance of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Promotes survival of motor neurons, probably by protecting against ER stress.

10090:Pdlim7
gene id: 10090:Pdlim7
uniprot id: Q3TJD7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Anchored to cell periphery via its N-terminal PDZ domain.
messages: At 13.5 dpc expressed in epaxial, intercostal, and other skeletal muscles at the brachial level, including the latissimus dorsi muscle. Expressed in the intrinsic and extrinsic muscle mass of the tongue. At 15 dpc expressed in mesenchymal tissue surrounding the cartilaginous anlage of immature bones, and in the future joint spaces. As endochondral ossification progresses, and the hypertrophic cartilage zone is replaced by mineralized bone, expression appears in the mineralizing portion of the bone. Expressed in mesoderm derived bones of the skull base and neural crest-derived endochondral bones such as the proximal mandible.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May function as a scaffold on which the coordinated assembly of proteins can occur. May play a role as an adapter that, via its PDZ domain, localizes LIM-binding proteins to actin filaments of both skeletal muscle and nonmuscle tissues. Involved in both of the two fundamental mechanisms of bone formation, direct bone formation (e.g. embryonic flat bones mandible and cranium), and endochondral bone formation (e.g. embryonic long bone development). Plays a role during fracture repair. Involved in BMP6 signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Specifically binds via its LIM zinc-binding 3 domain (LIM 3) domain to endocytic codes of INSR, but not with those of IGF1R, LDLR, TFRC, or EGFR. Interacts with various PKC isoforms through the LIM zinc-binding domains. Binds to RET in a phosphorylation-independent manner via its LIM zinc-binding domain 2 (LIM 2). Probably part of a complex with SHC and the RET dimer. Interacts with TPM2, TBX4 and TBX5 (By similarity).
messages: The LIM zinc-binding 2 domain (LIM 2) interacts with TBX4.
messages: The LIM zinc-binding 3 domain (LIM 3) provides the structural basis for recognition of tyrosine-containing tight turn structures. This domain is necessary and sufficient for interaction with TBX5 (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Spink12
gene id: 10090:Spink12
uniprot id: Q9D256
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in epydiymis, in the caput.
messages: Inhibits trypsin.
messages: Secreted

10090:Adam18
gene id: 10090:Adam18
uniprot id: Q9R157
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A tripeptide motif (ECD) within disintegrin-like domain could be involved in the binding to egg integrin receptor and thus could mediate sperm/egg binding.
messages: Adult levels are reached by day 16 after birth.
messages: Expressed specifically in testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization. This is a non catalytic metalloprotease-like protein.
messages: The prodomain and the metalloprotease-like domain are cleaved during the epididymal maturation of the spermatozoa.

10090:Spink2
gene id: 10090:Spink2
uniprot id: Q8BMY7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a strong inhibitor of acrosin, it is required for normal spermiogenesis. It probably hinders premature activation of proacrosin and other proteases, thus preventing the cascade of events leading to spermiogenesis defects (PubMed:21705336, PubMed:28554943). May be involved in the regulation of serine protease-dependent germ cell apoptosis (PubMed:21705336). It also inhibits trypsin (PubMed:21705336).
messages: Expressed in sperm (at protein level). Expressed in testis but not in ovary, brain, heart, kidney or lung. Within testis, expressed in epididymis and germ cells.
messages: First expressed at 16 days postpartum (dpp). Level increases until 20 dpp and is maintained into adulthood (at protein level).
messages: Knockout male mice are completely infertile, whereas no reproductive defects are observed in females. Spermatozoa are completely absent from caudal epididymis, which only contains round cells likely corresponding to round spermatids and multinucleated cells. Seminiferous tubules contain germ cells up to the early round-spermatid stage but condensed and elongated spermatids and mature spermatozoa are completely absent. Round spermatids do not contain an acrosomal vesicle.
messages: On the 2D-gel the determined pI of this protein is: 5, its MW is: 8 kDa.
messages: Secreted
messages: acrosome

10090:Sfpq
gene id: 10090:Sfpq
uniprot id: Q8VIJ6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: DNA- and RNA binding protein, involved in several nuclear processes. Essential pre-mRNA splicing factor required early in spliceosome formation and for splicing catalytic step II, probably as a heteromer with NONO. Binds to pre-mRNA in spliceosome C complex, and specifically binds to intronic polypyrimidine tracts. Involved in regulation of signal-induced alternative splicing. During splicing of PTPRC/CD45, a phosphorylated form is sequestered by THRAP3 from the pre-mRNA in resting T-cells; T-cell activation and subsequent reduced phosphorylation is proposed to lead to release from THRAP3 allowing binding to pre-mRNA splicing regulatotry elements which represses exon inclusion. Interacts with U5 snRNA, probably by binding to a purine-rich sequence located on the 3' side of U5 snRNA stem 1b. May be involved in a pre-mRNA coupled splicing and polyadenylation process as component of a snRNP-free complex with SNRPA/U1A. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer associated with MATR3 may play a role in nuclear retention of defective RNAs. SFPQ may be involved in homologous DNA pairing; in vitro, promotes the invasion of ssDNA between a duplex DNA and produces a D-loop formation. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer may be involved in DNA unwinding by modulating the function of topoisomerase I/TOP1; in vitro, stimulates dissociation of TOP1 from DNA after cleavage and enhances its jumping between separate DNA helices. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer binds DNA. The SFPQ-NONO heteromer may be involved in DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) required for double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombination and may stabilize paired DNA ends; in vitro, the complex strongly stimulates DNA end joining, binds directly to the DNA substrates and cooperates with the Ku70/G22P1-Ku80/XRCC5 (Ku) dimer to establish a functional preligation complex. SFPQ is involved in transcriptional regulation. Functions as transcriptional activator (By similarity). Transcriptional repression is mediated by an interaction of SFPQ with SIN3A …
messages: Heterodimer with NONO. Monomer and component of the SFPQ-NONO complex, which is probably a heterotetramer of two 52 kDa (NONO) and two 100 kDa (SFPQ) subunits. The coiled coil domain mediates interaction with NONO, and can also mediate formation of long, linear homooligomers (in vitro). SFPQ is a component of spliceosome and U5.4/6 snRNP complexes. Interacts with SNRPA/U1A. Component of a snRNP-free complex with SNRPA/U1A. Part of complex consisting of SFPQ, NONO and MATR3. Interacts with polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1/PTB. Part of a complex consisting of SFPQ, NONO and NR5A1. Interacts with RXRA, probably THRA, and SIN3A. Interacts with TOP1. Part of a complex consisting of SFPQ, NONO and TOP1. Interacts with SNRNP70 in apoptotic cells. Interacts with PSPC1 (PubMed:15140795). Interacts with RNF43 (By similarity). Interacts with PITX3 and NR4A2/NURR1 (PubMed:19144721). Interacts with PTK6. Interacts with THRAP3; the interaction is dependent on SFPQ phosphorylation at 'Thr-687' and inhibits binding of SFPQ to a ESS1 exonic splicing silencer element-containing RNA (By similarity). The large PER complex involved in the histone deacetylation is composed of at least HDAC1, PER2, SFPQ and SIN3A (PubMed:21680841). Interacts with PER1 and PER2 (PubMed:22966205). Part of the HDP-RNP complex composed of at least HEXIM1, PRKDC, XRCC5, XRCC6, paraspeckle proteins (SFPQ, NONO, PSPC1, RBM14, and MATR3) and NEAT1 RNA (By similarity). Interacts with PQBP1. Component of a multiprotein complex with NONO and WASL (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated on multiple serine and threonine residues during apoptosis (By similarity). Phosphorylation of C-terminal tyrosines promotes its cytoplasmic localization, impaired its binding to polypyrimidine RNA and led to cell cycle arrest (By similarity). In resting T-cells is phosphorylated at Thr-679 by GSK3B which is proposed to promote association with THRAP and to prevent binding to PTPRC/CD45 pre-mRNA; T-cell activation leads to reduced phosphorylation at Thr-679.
messages: The coiled coil domain mediates interaction with NONO, and can also mediate formation of long, linear homooligomers (in vitro). The coiled coil domain is required for optimal DNA binding, and optimal transcription activation.

10090:Cybb
gene id: 10090:Cybb
uniprot id: Q3U6G0
uniprot id: Q61093
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Composed of a heavy chain (beta) and a light chain (alpha). Component of an NADPH oxidase complex composed of a heterodimer formed by the membrane proteins CYBA and CYBB and the cytosolic subunits NCF1, NCF2 and NCF4. Interacts with NCF1. Interacts with calprotectin (S100A8/9) (By similarity). Interacts with NRROS; the interaction is direct and impairs formation of a stable NADPH oxidase complex (PubMed:24739962). Interacts with CYBC1; CYBC1 may act as a chaperone stabilizing Cytochrome b-245 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with NCF2; the interaction is enhanced in the presence of GBP7 (PubMed:21551061). The CYBA-CYBB complex interacts with GBP7 (PubMed:21551061).
messages: Critical component of the membrane-bound oxidase of phagocytes that generates superoxide. It is the terminal component of a respiratory chain that transfers single electrons from cytoplasmic NADPH across the plasma membrane to molecular oxygen on the exterior. Also functions as a voltage-gated proton channel that mediates the H(+) currents of resting phagocytes.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutants have a very sever defect in controlling bacterial replication.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser and Thr residues.
messages: Undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination, likely by RNF145, triggering endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.

10090:Pih1d1
gene id: 10090:Pih1d1
uniprot id: Q9CQJ2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PIH1 family.
messages: Component of the R2TP complex composed at least of RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIHD1 (By similarity). Component of the PAQosome complex which is responsible for the biogenesis of several protein complexes and which consists of R2TP complex members RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIH1D1, URI complex members PFDN2, PFDN6, PDRG1, UXT and URI1 as well as ASDURF, POLR2E and DNAAF10/WDR92 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated TELO2 (PubMed:24794838). Mediates interaction of TELO2 with the R2TP complex (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated ECD, EFTUD2/SNRP116, RPB1 and UBR5 and with RPB1 in a phosphorylation-independent manner (By similarity). Interacts with the core C/D box snoRNP particle components NOP58 and FBL and with RUVBL1/TIP49 (By similarity). Interacts with RPAP3 and DNAAF10 (By similarity). Interacts with histone H4 and with SWI/SNF complex member SMARCB1/SNF5 (By similarity). Interacts with the mTORC1 complex member RPTOR (By similarity). Interacts with isoform 1 of MSL1 (PubMed:17335777).
messages: Involved in the assembly of C/D box small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) particles (By similarity). Recruits the SWI/SNF complex to the core promoter of rRNA genes and enhances pre-rRNA transcription (By similarity). Mediates interaction of TELO2 with the R2TP complex which is necessary for the stability of MTOR and SMG1 (By similarity). Positively regulates the assembly and activity of the mTORC1 complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal region is required for binding to phosphorylated substrates while the C-terminal region binds to the other R2TP complex components.

10090:Lgals3bp
gene id: 10090:Lgals3bp
uniprot id: Q07797
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in embryo, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, intestine, thymus and lymph node.
messages: Homodimers and homomultimers. The multimers form ring-like structures with a diameter of 30-40 nm. Binds LGALS1 and LGALS3. Binds ITGB1, COL4A1, COL5A1, COL6A1, FN1 and NID (By similarity). Interacts with PPIC (in vitro). The unglycosylated form interacts with PDE4DIP isoform 2/MMG8/SMYLE; this interaction may connect a pericentrosomal complex to the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC) to promote microtubule assembly and acetylation (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Promotes integrin-mediated cell adhesion. May stimulate host defense against viruses and tumor cells (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by TNF and IFNG.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Rpl8
gene id: 10090:Rpl8
uniprot id: P62918
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL2 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit (By similarity). Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:19129230).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Hydroxylated on His-216 by RIOX1. The modification is impaired by hypoxia.

10090:Smc6
gene id: 10090:Smc6
uniprot id: Q924W5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. SMC6 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. The complex may promote sister chromatid homologous recombination by recruiting the SMC1-SMC3 cohesin complex to double-strand breaks. The complex is required for telomere maintenance via recombination and mediates sumoylation of shelterin complex (telosome) components (By similarity).
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SMC5. Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex which consists at least of SMC5, SMC6, NSMCE2, NSMCE1, NSMCE4A or EID3 and NSMCE3. Interacts with NSMCE1. Interacts with NSMCE2. Interacts with SLF1. Interacts with SLF2. Interacts with RAD18.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Sumoylated by NSMCE2/MMS21.
messages: The flexible hinge domain, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions, allows the heterotypic interaction with the corresponding domain of SMC5, forming a V-shaped heterodimer.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: telomere

10090:Pigyl
gene id: 10090:Pigyl
uniprot id: P0C1P0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT) complex composed at least by PIGA, PIGC, PIGH, PIGP, PIGQ, PIGY and DPM2. Interacts directly with PIGA; this interaction regulates glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. Does not interact with Ras proteins.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Part of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (GPI-GnT) complex that catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from UDP-N-acetylglucosamine to phosphatidylinositol and participates in the first step of GPI biosynthesis. May act by regulating the catalytic subunit PIGA.

10090:Dnah7b
gene id: 10090:Dnah7b
uniprot id: A0A571BD48
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.

10090:Olfr1352
gene id: 10090:Olfr1352
uniprot id: Q8VGX5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdcp1
gene id: 10090:Cdcp1
uniprot id: Q5U462
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A soluble form may also be produced by proteolytic cleavage at the cell surface (shedding). Another peptide of 80 kDa (p80) is present in cultured keratinocytes probably due to tryptic cleavage at an unidentified site on the N-terminal side. Converted to p80 by plasmin, a trypsin-like protease (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with CDH2/N-cadherin, CDH3/P-cadherin, SDC1/syndecan-1, SDC4/syndecan-4 and the serine protease ST14/MT-SP1. Also interacts SRC and PRKCG/protein kinase C gamma (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in cell adhesion and cell matrix association. May play a role in the regulation of anchorage versus migration or proliferation versus differentiation via its phosphorylation. May be a novel marker for leukemia diagnosis and for immature hematopoietic stem cell subsets. Belongs to the tetraspanin web involved in tumor progression and metastasis.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine by kinases of the SRC family such as SRC and YES as well as by the protein kinase C gamma/PRKCG. Dephosphorylated by phosphotyrosine phosphatases. Also phosphorylated by suramin, a heparin analog. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to dissociation of integrin alpha-6 beta-4 from laminin-5 (By similarity).

10090:Lgalsl
gene id: 10090:Lgalsl
uniprot id: Q8VED9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Does not bind lactose, and may not bind carbohydrates.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Most of the residues in the galectin domain that have been shown to be critical for carbohydrate-binding in other galectins are not conserved.

10090:Olfr1295
gene id: 10090:Olfr1295
uniprot id: Q8VF48
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gxylt2
gene id: 10090:Gxylt2
uniprot id: Q810K9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
messages: Glycosyltransferase which elongates the O-linked glucose attached to EGF-like repeats in the extracellular domain of Notch proteins by catalyzing the addition of xylose.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ninj2
gene id: 10090:Ninj2
uniprot id: F8WIJ3
uniprot id: Q3TQA7
uniprot id: Q9JL89
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ninjurin family.
messages: By nerve injury; in Schwann cells.
messages: Homophilic cell adhesion molecule that promotes axonal growth. May play a role in nerve regeneration and in the formation and function of other tissues.
messages: In the dorsal root ganglia, already detected at embryonic day 14, increasing until postnatal day 2 where the adult level is reached.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr311
gene id: 10090:Olfr311
uniprot id: Q5NC59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rrbp1
gene id: 10090:Rrbp1
uniprot id: Q99PL5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a ribosome receptor and mediates interaction between the ribosome and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Nup107
gene id: 10090:Nup107
uniprot id: Q8BH74
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleoporin Nup84/Nup107 family.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) (By similarity). Forms part of the Nup160 subcomplex in the nuclear pore which is composed of NUP160, NUP133, NUP107 and Nup96; this complex plays a role in RNA export and in tethering Nup98 and NUP153 to the nucleus (By similarity). Does not interact with TPR (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF106 (PubMed:28072389).
messages: Plays a role in the nuclear pore complex (NPC) assembly and/or maintenance. Required for the assembly of peripheral proteins into the NPC. May anchor NUP62 to the NPC. Involved in nephrogenesis.
messages: kinetochore
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Ifi44
gene id: 10090:Ifi44
uniprot id: Q8BV66
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IFI44 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: This protein aggregates to form microtubular structures.

10090:Trmt12
gene id: 10090:Trmt12
uniprot id: Q8BG71
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM5/TYW2 family.
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent transferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. Catalyzes the transfer of the alpha-amino-alpha-carboxypropyl (acp) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the C-7 position of 4-demethylwyosine (imG-14) to produce wybutosine-86 (By similarity).

10090:Nme7
gene id: 10090:Nme7
uniprot id: Q3UMG6
uniprot id: Q8BUH2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Olfr1393
gene id: 10090:Olfr1393
uniprot id: Q8VFA7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ttll12
gene id: 10090:Ttll12
uniprot id: Q3UDE2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although it belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family, the TTL domain lacks some of the ATP binding sites predicted to be essential for TTL activity (By similarity). Lacks tyrosine ligase activity in vitro (By similarity). Lacks glutamylation activity in vitro (PubMed:17499049). Although TTLL12 contains a potential SET-like domain in the N-terminus, it does not have lysine methyltransferase activity towards histone in vitro (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the tubulin--tyrosine ligase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MAVS; the interaction prevents MAVS binding to TBK1 and IKBKE. Interacts (via N-terminus) with TBK1 (via protein kinase domain). Interacts (via TTL domain) with IKBKE (via protein kinase domain). Interacts with tubulin alpha. Interacts with histone H3 and histone H4 (when trimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me3)). Interacts with CBX3.
messages: Midbody
messages: Negatively regulates post-translational modifications of tubulin, including detyrosination of the C-terminus and polyglutamylation of glutamate residues. Also, indirectly promotes histone H4 trimethylation at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me3). Probably by controlling tubulin and/or histone H4 post-translational modifications, plays a role in mitosis and in maintaining chromosome number stability. During RNA virus-mediated infection, acts as a negative regulator of the RIG-I pathway by preventing MAVS binding to TBK1 and IKBKE.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in brain, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and testis.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Eya3
gene id: 10090:Eya3
uniprot id: P97480
uniprot id: Q3TP96
uniprot id: Q6P4T3
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:14628042 also shows serine/threonine protein phosphatase activity.
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in branchial arches, CNS and developing eye.
messages: Interacts with SIX1 and DACH1, and probably SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ser-203 phosphorylation is required for localization at sites of DNA damage and directing interaction with H2AX.
messages: Tyrosine phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph). 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress. Promotes efficient DNA repair by dephosphorylating H2AX, promoting the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1 (By similarity). Its function as histone phosphatase probably explains its role in transcription regulation during organogenesis. The phosphatase activity has been shown in vitro. Coactivates SIX1. Seems to coactivate SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5. The repression of precursor cell proliferation in myoblasts by SIX1 is switched to activation through recruitment of EYA3 to the SIX1-DACH1 complex and seems to be dependent on EYA3 phosphatase activity. May be involved in development of the eye. May play a role in mediating the induction and differentiation of cranial placodes.

10090:Nr2f1
gene id: 10090:Nr2f1
uniprot id: Q32NY6
uniprot id: Q60632
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as dimer; homodimer and probable heterodimer with NR2F6. Interacts with GTF2B; this interaction is direct. Interacts with COPS2.
messages: Coup (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter) transcription factor binds to the ovalbumin promoter and, in conjunction with another protein (S300-II) stimulates initiation of transcription. Binds to both direct repeats and palindromes of the 5'-AGGTCA-3' motif. Represses transcriptional activity of LHCG (By similarity).
messages: Expression begins in 8.5-day-old embryos, peaks at 14-15 days and declines before birth.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam228a
gene id: 10090:Fam228a
uniprot id: Q8CDW1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM228 family.

10090:Pde2a
gene id: 10090:Pde2a
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRJ9
uniprot id: Q3TYK5
uniprot id: Q5PR72
uniprot id: Q922S4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abnormally elongated mitochondria. This phenotype is reversed by treatment with the PKA inhibitor H89. Protected from ionomycin- but not staurosporin-induced cell death.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE2 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 2 has a preference for magnesium ions.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains a transit peptide at positions 1-17.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain and liver (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Regulates mitochondrial cAMP levels and respiration (PubMed:21724846). Involved in the regulation of mitochondria morphology/dynamics and apoptotic cell death via local modulation of cAMP/PKA signaling in the mitochondrion, including the monitoring of local cAMP levels at the outer mitochondrial membrane and of PKA-dependent phosphorylation of DNM1L (PubMed:28463107).
messages: The 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase activity is stimulated by 3',5'-cyclic GMP (By similarity). Specifically inhibited by Bay 60-7550 (PubMed:28463107).
messages: The GAF 1 domain functions as a dimerization domain.
messages: The GAF 2 domains binds cGMP, which acts as an allosteric activator.
messages: cGMP-activated cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes (PubMed:21724846). Has a higher efficiency with cGMP compared to cAMP (By similarity). Plays a role in cell growth and migration (By similarity).

10090:Olfr1392
gene id: 10090:Olfr1392
uniprot id: Q8VFA6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr154
gene id: 10090:Olfr154
uniprot id: Q9QY00
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Ypel3
gene id: 10090:Ypel3
uniprot id: P61237
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the yippee family.
messages: Involved in proliferation and apoptosis in myeloid precursor cells.
messages: Probably ubiquitinated leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Up-regulated after the removal of interleukin 3 and exposure to granulocyte colony stimulating factor.
messages: Widely expressed. Strongly expressed in heart, brain, testis, lung, spleen, liver, kidney and myeloid cells.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tfcp2l1
gene id: 10090:Tfcp2l1
uniprot id: Q3UNW5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Approximately half of the mutant mice die before weaning and show growth retardation during early postnatal stages. Mice display defects in the morphology of the submandibular ducts, abnormalities in the maturation of renal tubules and abnormal composition of saliva and urine (PubMed:17079272). Leads to a decrease in the expression of pluripotency genes (Nanog, Oct4, Sox2 and Esrrb), while resulted in up-regulation of some endoderm (Sox17, Gata4 and Gata6), mesoderm (T and Mixl1) and trophectoderm (Cdx2, Eomes, and Elf5) markers (PubMed:28982712).
messages: Belongs to the grh/CP2 family. CP2 subfamily.
messages: Expressed at low levels in 10.5- and 11.5-dpc embryos. Expression was not detected at 12.5- and 13.5-dpc. Highly expressed in the epithelial monolayer lining in a subset of tubules of embryonic kidney cortex. Low levels of expression were detected in 16.5-dpc embryonic intestine, limb, lung, and skin. No expression was detected in the brain. Expression is regulated in at least two distinct sites, the pluripotent cells of the developing embryo and the epithelial cells lining the embryonic kidney distal convoluted tubules. Expressed in the ducts of submandibular and sublingual glands, isolated submandibular gland, parotid and lachrymal glands and nasal gland in 16 dpc embryos. At birth, the expression is detected in minor nasal glands in the olfactory epithelium, ducts of the mammary gland, male reproductive system, endolymphatic sac and lung. Expressed during renal development; first detected in the ureteric epithelium, at the distal end of the S-shaped body in nephron and subsequently in all nephric tubule, with expression localizing to more distal regions in the nephron during the maturation of the kidney.
messages: Forms homohexamers via its SAM-like domain (By similarity). Interacts with Mta1; which is indispensable for Tfcp2l1-mediated self-renewal-promoting effect and endoderm-inhibiting action (PubMed:28982712).
messages: Highly expressed in placenta, testis, small intestine, kidney and stomach (PubMed:11073954, PubMed:17079272). Low levels of expression in lung, mesenteric lymph nodes, muscle, ovary, and thymus (PubMed:11073954). No expression was detected in brain, heart, liver, and spleen (PubMed:11073954). Expressed in eccrine glands in the palm (PubMed:11073954). Expression is prominent in both kidney collecting ducts intercalated (IC) and principal (PC) cells (PubMed:28577314). Also expressed in the thick limb of Henle and connecting segments of the nephron (PubMed:28577314).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The Grh/CP2 DB domain is required for direct DNA-binding (By similarity). The Grh/CP2 DB domain is essential to maintain the undifferentiated state of embryonic stem cells (PubMed:28982712).
messages: The SAM-like domain is required for homohexamerization (By similarity).
messages: Transcription factor that facilitates establishment and maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (PubMed:23942233, PubMed:26321140). With Klf2, acts as the major effector of self-renewal that mediates induction of pluripotency downstream of LIF/Stat3 and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling (PubMed:23942238, PubMed:23942233, PubMed:26321140). Required for normal duct development in the salivary gland and kidney (PubMed:17079272). Coordinates the development of the kidney collecting ducts intercalated (IC) and principal (PC) cells, which regulate acid-base and salt-water homeostasis, respectively (PubMed:28577314). Regulates the expression of IC genes including subunits B1 and D2 of the V-ATPase complex, Oxgr1, Ca12, Slc4a1, Aqp6 and IC-specific transcription factor Foxi1 (PubMed:28577314). Regulates also the expression of Jag1 and subsequent notch signaling in the collecting duct (PubMed:28577314). Jag1 initiates notch signaling in PCs but inhibits notch signaling in ICs (PubMed:28577314). Acts as a transcriptional suppressor that may suppress UBP1-mediated transcriptional activation (PubMed:11073954). Modulates the placental expression of CYP11A1 (By similarity).

10090:Tmcc1
gene id: 10090:Tmcc1
uniprot id: A0A0N4SWB9
uniprot id: Q69ZZ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TEX28 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that promotes endoplasmic reticulum-associated endosome fission. Localizes to contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and endosomes and acts by promoting recruitment of the endoplasmic reticulum to endosome tubules for fission. Endosome membrane fission of early and late endosomes is essential to separate regions destined for lysosomal degradation from carriers to be recycled to the plasma membrane.
messages: May form homodimers and heterodimers with TMCC2 or TMCC3 via the coiled-coil domains. Interacts with ribosomal proteins RPL4 and RPS6.

10090:Vkorc1l1
gene id: 10090:Vkorc1l1
uniprot id: A0A0M3HEP8
uniprot id: Q6TEK5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VKOR family.
messages: Detected in testis and lung.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by warfarin (coumadin) (PubMed:23928358). Warfarin locks VKORC1 in both redox states into the closed conformation (By similarity).
messages: Involved in vitamin K metabolism. Can reduce inactive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide to active vitamin K, and may contribute to vitamin K-mediated protection against oxidative stress. Plays a role in vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of Glu residues in target proteins.
messages: Membrane
messages: Vkorc1l1 overexpression cannot rescue the lethal phenotype of Vkorc1-deficient mice, suggesting that the protein does not play a major role in vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation.

10090:Ugp2
gene id: 10090:Ugp2
uniprot id: Q3U548
uniprot id: Q91ZJ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UDPGP type 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homooctamer.
messages: UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase catalyzing the conversion of glucose-1-phosphate into UDP-glucose, a crucial precursor for the production of glycogen.

10090:Scgb3a1
gene id: 10090:Scgb3a1
uniprot id: Q920D7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the secretoglobin family. UGRP subfamily.
messages: Detected in lung at embryonic stage 18.5 dpc. During gestation, expressed in the mammary gland from 6.5 dpc with highest expression at 10.5 dpc. Expression then declines, but later increases again during mammary gland involution at 4-21 days post partum.
messages: Highly expressed in lung, where it localizes to epithelial cells lining the trachea and bronchi (PubMed:12406855, PubMed:12175512). Expression in lung is mainly restricted to bronchi, submucosal glands of the trachea, and tracheal epithelium, with little expression in terminal bronchioles (PubMed:12406855). Expressed in uterus where it localizes to epithelial cells of the uterine glands (PubMed:12175512). Also detected in heart, stomach and small intestine (PubMed:12175512).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted cytokine-like protein. Inhibits cell growth in vitro.

10090:Tnfrsf21
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf21
uniprot id: Q9EPU5
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with TRADD. Interacts with NGFR (By similarity). Interacts with N-APP.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in spleen B-cells (at protein level). Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in adult spleen, thymus, testis, prostate, ovary, small intestine, colon, brain, lung and kidney, and in fetal brain, liver and lung. Detected at lower levels in adult peripheral blood leukocytes, lung, and in fetal muscle, heart, kidney, small intestine and skin. Detected in T-cells, B-cells and monocytes. In T-cells expression is highest in Th0 cells, intermediate in Th2 cells and lower in Th1 cells. Expressed at low levels in proliferating progenitors in the spinal cord, but is highly expressed by differentiating neurons within the spinal cord and adjacent dorsal root ganglia. Expressed by developing neurons as they differentiate and enter a pro-apoptotic state. Expressed by both cell bodies and axons.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-25 is the initiator.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile. Mutant mice display an increased number of T-cells in the peripheral blood, but only a minor increase of the number of T-cells in spleen and thymus. T-cells from mutant mice show increased proliferative responses to antigens and produce higher levels of IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13 and IFNG. Mutant mice have normal serum levels of IgG and IgM in the absence of antigen, but produce higher levels of IgG, IgM and IgM in response to antigens. Likewise, B-cells from mutant mice display increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis in response to antigens. Mutant mice show increased levels of mature oligodendrocytes, decreased levels of apoptotic oligodendrocytes and increased myelination. Mutant mice are not susceptible to neuronal apoptosis triggered by exposure to amyloid peptides derived from APP.
messages: Promotes apoptosis, possibly via a pathway that involves the activation of NF-kappa-B. Can also promote apoptosis mediated by BAX and by the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Plays a role in neuronal apoptosis, including apoptosis in response to amyloid peptides derived from APP, and is required for both normal cell body death and axonal pruning. Trophic-factor deprivation triggers the cleavage of surface APP by beta-secretase to release sAPP-beta which is further cleaved to release an N-terminal fragment of APP (N-APP). N-APP binds TNFRSF21; this triggers caspase activation and degeneration of both neuronal cell bodies (via caspase-3) and axons (via caspase-6). Negatively regulates oligodendrocyte survival, maturation and myelination. Plays a role in signaling cascades triggered by stimulation of T-cell receptors, in the adaptive immune response and in the regulation of T-cell differentiation and proliferation. Negatively regulates T-cell responses and the release of cytokines such as IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13 and IFNG by Th2 cells. Negatively regulates the production of IgG, IgM and IgM in response to antigens. May inhibit the activation of JNK in response to T-cell stimulation.

10090:Zkscan8
gene id: 10090:Zkscan8
uniprot id: A0A286YCX3
uniprot id: B2RX01
uniprot id: Q78WV9
uniprot id: Q8BSL0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Th
gene id: 10090:Th
uniprot id: P24529
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa), the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of cathecolamines, dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline. Uses tetrahydrobiopterin and molecular oxygen to convert tyrosine to L-Dopa (By similarity). In addition to tyrosine, is able to catalyze the hydroxylation of phenylalanine and tryptophan with lower specificity (By similarity). Positively regulates the regression of retinal hyaloid vessels during postnatal development(PubMed:30936473).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the adrenal gland (PubMed:1674869). Expressed in the retina (PubMed:30936473). Expressed in the in the striatum (at protein level) (PubMed:17296554).
messages: Expressed in the retinal inner nuclear layer and outer nuclear layer at postnatal day 8 (P8) (PubMed:30936473). Expressed in retinal dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina at P8 and P15 (PubMed:30936473).
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-19) with YWHAG; one YWHAG dimer bounds to one TH tetramer this interaction may influence the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of other sites.
messages: Homozygotes deficient mice are deficient in catecholamines, and usually die around embryonic day 11.5-15.5 due to cardiac failure (PubMed:7715703). Increased number of persisting retinal hyaloid vessels due to loss of hyaloid vessel regression at P8 (PubMed:30936473).
messages: Inhibited in feedback fashion by the catecholamine neurotransmitters, especially by dopamine in competition with tetrahydrobiopterin. Phosphorylation of several Ser/Thr residues in the N-terminus regulates the catalytic activity. Ser-31 and Ser-40 are readily phosphorylated to activate the catalytic activity. A Cysteine modification induced by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), inhibits tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity through the modification of the Cys-177.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-19, Ser-31 and Ser-40 by several protein kinases with different site specificities. Phosphorylation at Ser-31 and Ser-40 leads to an increase of TH activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-40 activates the enzyme and also counteracts the feedback inhibition of TH by catecholamines (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Ser-19 and Ser-31 triggers the proteasomal degradation of TH through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-31 facilitates transport of TH from the soma to the nerve terminals via the microtubule network (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-19 induces the high-affinity binding to the 14-3-3 protein YWHAG; this interaction may influence the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of other sites (By similarity). Ser-19 increases the phosphorylation at Ser-40 in a hierarchical manner, leading to increased activity (By similarity).
messages: axon
messages: perinuclear region
messages: synaptic vesicle

10090:Hoxd12
gene id: 10090:Hoxd12
uniprot id: P23812
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family.
messages: Expressed during development of the posterior part of the body.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Tmf1
gene id: 10090:Tmf1
uniprot id: B9EKI3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the SNF/SWI transcription factor complexes (By similarity). Interacts with RAB6A. Interacts with TCEB1 (By similarity). Interacts with STAT3 and FER. Interacts with TRNP1; may regulate TRNP1 proteasomal degradation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by FER.
messages: Potential coactivator of the androgen receptor. May play critical roles in two RAB6-dependent retrograde transport processes: one from endosomes to the Golgi and the other from the Golgi to the ER (By similarity). Mediates STAT3 degradation.
messages: The Elongin BC complex binding domain is also known as BC-box with the consensus [APST]-L-x(3)-C-x(3)-[AILV].

10090:Cry1
gene id: 10090:Cry1
uniprot id: P97784
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNA photolyase class-1 family.
messages: Binds 1 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) non-covalently per subunit.
messages: Binds 1 FAD per subunit. Only a minority of the protein molecules contain bound FAD. Contrary to the situation in photolyases, the FAD is bound in a shallow, surface-exposed pocket.
messages: Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, BMAL1 or BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins (PubMed:11779462). Interacts directly with TIMELESS (PubMed:10428031, PubMed:24489120, PubMed:23418588). Interacts directly with PER1 and PER2; interaction with PER2 inhibits its ubiquitination and vice versa (PubMed:10428031, PubMed:11889036, PubMed:11875063, PubMed:14701732, PubMed:16478995, PubMed:23746849, PubMed:23418588, PubMed:21613214, PubMed:20159955). Interacts with PER3 (PubMed:10428031, PubMed:14701732). Interacts with FBXL21 (PubMed:18953409, PubMed:23452855, PubMed:23452856). Interacts with FBXL3 (PubMed:17462724, PubMed:23746849, PubMed:23452855, PubMed:23452856, PubMed:30500822). Interacts with PPP5C (via TPR repeats) (By similarity). Interacts with CLOCK-BMAL1 independently of PER2 and DNA (PubMed:21613214). Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2 and SIN3B (PubMed:15226430). Interacts with nuclear receptors AR, NR1D1, NR3C1/GR, RORA and RORC; the interaction with at least NR3C1/GR is ligand dependent (PubMed:22170608, PubMed:28751364). Interacts with PRKDC (PubMed:24158435). Interacts with the G protein subunit alpha GNAS; the interaction may block GPCR-mediated regulation of cAMP concentrations (By similarity). Interacts with PRMT5 (PubMed:23133559). Interacts with EZH2 (PubMed:16717091). Interacts with MYBBP1A, DOCK7, HNRNPU, RPL7A, RPL8 and RPS3 (PubMed:19129230). Interacts with MAP1LC3B (PubMed:29937374). Interacts with CLOCK (PubMed:16717091, PubMed:19917250). Interacts with BMAL1 (PubMed:26776516, PubMed:16717091, PubMed:19917250, PubMed:23746849). Interacts weakly with HDAC3; this interaction is enhanced in the presence of FBXL3 (PubMed:26776516). Interacts with TRIM28, KCTD5 and DDB1 (PubMed:27123980). Interacts with DTL (By similarity). Interacts with DDB1-CUL4A complex (PubMed:26431207). Interacts with FOXO1 (PubMed:28790135). Interacts with PSMD2 in a KDM8-dependent manner (PubMed:30500822)…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in cones, amacrine cells, and retinal ganglion cells of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:29561690). Expressed in all tissues examined including heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Higher levels in brain, liver and testis. In the retina, highly expressed in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and in the inner nuclear layer (INL). Evenly distributed in central and peripheral retina. In the brain, highly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). High levels in cerebral cortical layers particularly in the pyramidial cell layer of the hippocampus, the granular cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the pyramidal cell layer of the piriform cortex (PFC).
messages: KL001 (N-[3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2-hydroxypropyl]-N-(2-furanylmethyl)-methanesulfonamide) binds to CRY1 and stabilizes it by inhibiting FBXL3- and ubiquitin-dependent degradation of CRY1 resulting in lengthening of the circadian periods. KL001-mediated CRY1 stabilization can inhibit glucagon-induced gluconeogenesis in primary hepatocytes.
messages: Mice show an advanced phase shift (around 4 hours) in the expression of DBP, NR1D1 and PER1 genes in the liver. Double knockouts of CRY1 and CRY2 show slightly decrease body weight and lose the cycling rhythmicity of feeding behavior, energy expenditure and glucocorticoids expression. Glucose homeostasis is severely disrupted and animals exhibit elevated blood glucose in response to acute feeding after an overnight fast as well as severely impaired glucose clearance in a glucose tolerance test. When challenged with high-fat diet, animals rapidly gain weight and surpass that of wild-type mice, despite displaying hypophagia. They exhibit hyperinsulinemia and selective insulin resistance in the liver and muscle but show high insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue and consequent increased lipid uptake. Mice display enlarged gonadal, subcutaneous and perirenal fat deposits with adipocyte hypertrophy and increased lipied accumulation in liver. Mice show loss of circadian rhythms in photopic ERG b-wave amplitudes, visual contrast sensitivity and pupillary light responses, with reduced robustness and stability of bioluminescent rhythms (PubMed:29561690). Both single CRY1 knockout and double CRY1 and CRY2 knockout mice show increased exercise performance and increased mitochondrial reserve capacity in primary myotubes (PubMed:28683290).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oscillates diurnally, rhythmic expression in the early night is critical for clock function (at protein level). In SCN, exhibits circadian rhythm expression with highest levels during the light phase at CT10. No detectable expression after 8 hours in the dark. Circadian oscillations also observed in liver, skeletal muscle and cerebellum, but not in testis.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-247 by MAPK is important for the inhibition of CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation by CSNK1E requires interaction with PER1 or PER2. Phosphorylation at Ser-71 and Ser-280 by AMPK decreases protein stability. Phosphorylation at Ser-588 exhibits a robust circadian rhythm with a peak at CT8, increases protein stability, prevents SCF(FBXL3)-mediated degradation and is antagonized by interaction with PRKDC.
messages: The LIR motifs (LC3-interacting region) 3 and 5 are required for its interaction with MAP1LC3B and for its autophagy-mediated degradation.
messages: Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, BMAL1, BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a …
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXL3) and SCF(FBXL21) complexes, regulating the balance between degradation and stabilization. The SCF(FBXL3) complex is mainly nuclear and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CRY1. In contrast, cytoplasmic SCF(FBXL21) complex-mediated ubiquitination leads to stabilize CRY1 and counteract the activity of the SCF(FBXL3) complex. The SCF(FBXL3) and SCF(FBXL21) complexes probably mediate ubiquitination at different Lys residues. Ubiquitination at Lys-11 and Lys-107 are specifically ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXL21) complex but not by the SCF(FBXL3) complex. Ubiquitination may be inhibited by PER2. Deubiquitinated by USP7 (PubMed:27123980).
messages: Undergoes autophagy-mediated degradation in the liver in a time-dependent manner. Autophagic degradation of CRY1 (an inhibitor of gluconeogenesis) occurs during periods of reduced feeding allowing induction of gluconeogenesis and maintenance of blood glucose levels.

10090:Klc4
gene id: 10090:Klc4
uniprot id: Q9DBS5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the kinesin light chain family.
messages: Kinesin is a microtubule-associated force-producing protein that may play a role in organelle transport. The light chain may function in coupling of cargo to the heavy chain or in the modulation of its ATPase activity (By similarity).
messages: Oligomeric complex composed of two heavy chains and two light chains.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Dcaf12l2
gene id: 10090:Dcaf12l2
uniprot id: Q8BGW4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat DCAF12 family.

10090:Gabrg3
gene id: 10090:Gabrg3
uniprot id: P27681
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRG3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
messages: Generally pentameric. There are five types of GABA(A) receptor chains: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and rho.
messages: May be palmitoylated.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: This subunit carries the benzodiazepine binding site.

10090:Ceacam20
gene id: 10090:Ceacam20
uniprot id: Q9D2Z1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA family.
messages: In intestinal epithelium, up-regulated in the presence of Gram-positive commensal gut bacteria. May also be up-regulated by interferon gamma (IFNG) and butyrate (a product of bacterial fermentation).
messages: Interacts (via extracellular domain) with PTPRH (via extracellular domain); the interaction dephosphorylates CEACAM20. Interacts (phosphorylated form) with SYK (via SH2 domains); the interaction further enhances CEACAM20 phosphorylation.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SYK, SRC and FYN in vitro.
messages: Strongly expressed in the small intestine and colon (at protein level) (PubMed:25908210, PubMed:26195794). Minimal expression in other tissues (at protein level) (PubMed:26195794). Highly expressed in cecum, colon, ileum, jejunum, and testis, and also detected at lower levels in salivary gland and thymus (PubMed:16139472).
messages: Together with the tyrosine-protein kinase SYK, enhances production of the cytokine CXCL8/IL-8 via the NFKB pathway and may thus have a role in the intestinal immune response.
messages: microvillus membrane

10090:Shank1
gene id: 10090:Shank1
uniprot id: D3YZU1
uniprot id: D3YZU4
uniprot id: D3YZU5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SHANK family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In brain, highly expressed in cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum.
messages: May homomultimerize via its SAM domain. Interacts with the C-terminus of SSTR2 via the PDZ domain. Interacts with SHARPIN, SPTAN1, HOMER1 and DLGAP1/GKAP. Part of a complex with DLG4/PSD-95 and DLGAP1/GKAP. Interacts with BAIAP2. Interacts with IGSF9 (By similarity). Interacts with HOMER1 and HOMER3 (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Seems to be an adapter protein in the postsynaptic density (PSD) of excitatory synapses that interconnects receptors of the postsynaptic membrane including NMDA-type and metabotropic glutamate receptors, and the actin-based cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the structural and functional organization of the dendritic spine and synaptic junction. Overexpression promotes maturation of dendritic spines and the enlargement of spine heads via its ability to recruit Homer to postsynaptic sites, and enhances presynaptic function (By similarity).
messages: Synapse

10090:Depdc1a
gene id: 10090:Depdc1a
uniprot id: Q8CIG0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can form dimers. Interacts with ZNF224 (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation as a transcriptional corepressor. The DEPDC1A-ZNF224 complex may play a critical role in bladder carcinogenesis by repressing the transcription of the A20 gene, leading to transport of NF-KB protein into the nucleus, resulting in suppression of apoptosis of bladder cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Smpx
gene id: 10090:Smpx
uniprot id: Q9DC77
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. Expression is increased by passive stretch.
messages: Belongs to the SMPX family.
messages: Plays a role in the regulatory network through which muscle cells coordinate their structural and functional states during growth, adaptation, and repair.

10090:Cap2
gene id: 10090:Cap2
uniprot id: Q9CYT6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CAP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May have a regulatory bifunctional role.

10090:Fn1
gene id: 10090:Fn1
uniprot id: P11276
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds fibronectin and induces fibril formation. This fibronectin polymer, named superfibronectin, exhibits enhanced adhesive properties. Both anastellin and superfibronectin inhibit tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Anastellin activates p38 MAPK and inhibits lysophospholipid signaling.
messages: Expressed in the inner limiting membrane and around blood vessels in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:29777959). Plasma FN (soluble dimeric form) is secreted by hepatocytes. Cellular FN (dimeric or cross-linked multimeric forms), made by fibroblasts, epithelial and other cell types, is deposited as fibrils in the extracellular matrix.
messages: Fibronectins bind cell surfaces and various compounds including collagen, fibrin, heparin, DNA, and actin (By similarity). Fibronectins are involved in cell adhesion, cell motility, opsonization, wound healing, and maintenance of cell shape healing, and maintenance of cell shape (By similarity). Involved in osteoblast compaction through the fibronectin fibrillogenesis cell-mediated matrix assembly process, essential for osteoblast mineralization (PubMed:21768292). Participates in the regulation of type I collagen deposition by osteoblasts (PubMed:21768292). Acts as a ligand for the Lilrb4a receptor, inhibiting Fcgr1/CD64-mediated monocyte activation (PubMed:34089617).
messages: Forms covalent cross-links mediated by a transglutaminase, such as F13A or TGM2, between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming homopolymers and heteropolymers (e.g. fibrinogen-fibronectin, collagen-fibronectin heteropolymers).
messages: Glucocorticoids suppressed mRNA expression and protein synthesis.
messages: Mostly heterodimers or multimers of alternatively spliced variants, connected by 2 disulfide bonds near the carboxyl ends; to a lesser extent homodimers. Interacts with FBLN1, AMBP, TNR, LGALS3BP and COL13A1. Interacts with FBLN7 (By similarity). Interacts with COMP. Interacts (via type III repeats 9-14) with TNFAIP6 (via CUB domain); this interaction enhances fibronectin fibril assembly. TNFAIP6 may act as a bridging molecule between FN1 and THBS1 (By similarity). Interacts with TNR; the interaction inhibits cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth (By similarity). Interacts with FST3 and MYOC (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Proteolytic processing produces the C-terminal NC1 peptide, anastellin.
messages: Serotonylated on Gln residues by TGM2 in response to hypoxia.
messages: Some lysine residues are oxidized to allysine by LOXL3, promoting fibronectin activation and matrix formation.
messages: Sulfated.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tufm
gene id: 10090:Tufm
uniprot id: Q8BFR5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-Tu/EF-1A subfamily.
messages: Interacts with NLRX1. Interacts with ATG16L1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Promotes the GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. Also plays a role in the regulation of autophagy and innate immunity. Recruits ATG5-ATG12 and NLRX1 at mitochondria and serves as a checkpoint of the RIGI-MAVS pathway. In turn, inhibits RLR-mediated type I interferon while promoting autophagy.

10090:Sult1e1
gene id: 10090:Sult1e1
uniprot id: Q9D566
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Cabp7
gene id: 10090:Cabp7
uniprot id: Q91ZM8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with PI4KB. This binding competes with FREQ/NCS1 binding in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Negatively regulates Golgi-to-plasma membrane trafficking by interacting with PI4KB and inhibiting its activity.
messages: The C-terminal transmembrane domain (TMD) is necessary and sufficient for membrane targeting.
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ppp2r5c
gene id: 10090:Ppp2r5c
uniprot id: Q60996
uniprot id: Q6ZQK4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56 family.
messages: Highest levels in heart, liver and brain. Lower levels in skeletal muscle, spleen, kidney and lung. Isoform 4 is testis-specific.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PP2A consists of a common heterodimeric core enzyme, composed of PPP2CA a 36 kDa catalytic subunit (subunit C) and PPP2R1A a 65 kDa constant regulatory subunit (PR65 or subunit A), that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. Proteins that associate with the core dimer include three families of regulatory subunits B (the R2/B/PR55/B55, R3/B''/PR72/PR130/PR59 and R5/B'/B56 families), the 48 kDa variable regulatory subunit, viral proteins, and cell signaling molecules. Interacts with SGO1 (By similarity). Interacts with SGO1; the interaction is direct. May interact with TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with IER3 and/or ERK kinases; regulates ERK dephosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with CIP2A; this interaction stabilizes CIP2A (By similarity).
messages: The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity, and also might direct the localization of the catalytic enzyme to a particular subcellular compartment. The PP2A-PPP2R5C holoenzyme may activate TP53 and play a role in DNA damage-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. PP2A-PPP2R5C may also regulate the ERK signaling pathway through ERK dephosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: centromere

10090:Slc25a13
gene id: 10090:Slc25a13
uniprot id: Q8C140
uniprot id: Q9QXX4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 dpc, expressed in branchial arches, a well as in the limb and tail buds. At 13.5 dpc expression is predominant in epithelial structures and the forebrain, kidney and liver. Expression in liver is maintained into adulthood.
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Homodimer (via N-terminus).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrial electrogenic aspartate/glutamate antiporter that favors efflux of aspartate and entry of glutamate and proton within the mitochondria as part of the malate-aspartate shuttle (By similarity). Also mediates the uptake of L-cysteinesulfinate by mitochondria in exchange of L-glutamate and proton. Can also exchange L-cysteinesulfinate with aspartate in their anionic form without any proton translocation (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The EF-hand 2 domain within the regulatory N-terminal domain binds one calcium in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Calcium triggers the binding of the regulatory N-terminal domain to the C-terminal domain, opening a vestibule which allows the substrates to be translocated through the carrier domain (By similarity). In the absence of calcium, the linker loop domain may close the vestibule and prevent substrates from entering the carrier domain (By similarity).

10090:Epm2aip1
gene id: 10090:Epm2aip1
uniprot id: Q8VEH5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with EPM2A.

10090:Snrpc
gene id: 10090:Snrpc
uniprot id: Q569X3
uniprot id: Q62241
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein C family.
messages: Component of the U1 snRNP. The U1 snRNP is composed of the U1 snRNA and the 7 core Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP, and at least 3 U1 snRNP-specific proteins SNRNP70/U1-70K, SNRPA/U1-A and SNRPC/U1-C. SNRPC/U1-C interacts with U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region of the pre-mRNA (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with TIA1 (via C-terminus); thereby promoting spliceosomal U1 snRNP recruitment to 5' splice sites (By similarity).
messages: Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. SNRPC/U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates commitment or early (E) complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region.
messages: Component of the spliceosomal U1 snRNP, which is essential for recognition of the pre-mRNA 5' splice-site and the subsequent assembly of the spliceosome. snrpc/U1-C is directly involved in initial 5' splice-site recognition for both constitutive and regulated alternative splicing. The interaction with the 5' splice-site seems to precede base-pairing between the pre-mRNA and the U1 snRNA. Stimulates E complex formation by stabilizing the base pairing of the 5' end of the U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region.
messages: First detected in the testis 18 days after birth. Levels increase successively between days 21-28. On day 42, levels decrease.
messages: Nucleus
messages: U1 snRNP is composed of the 7 core Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP, and at least 3 U1 snRNP-specific proteins SNRNP70/U1-70K, SNRPA/U1-A and SNRPC/U1-C. SNRPC/U1-C interacts with U1 snRNA and the 5' splice-site region of the pre-mRNA.
messages: Widely expressed. In the testis, expressed in somatic and germinal testicular cells but not in elongated spermatids.

10090:Folh1
gene id: 10090:Folh1
uniprot id: O35409
uniprot id: Q0VDM6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. Required for NAALADase activity.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed predominantly in the hippocampal region of the brain and in kidney. Lower levels in the ovary, testis and mandibular gland.
messages: Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides (By similarity). In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: The NAALADase activity is found in the central region, the dipeptidyl peptidase IV type activity in the C-terminal.
messages: The NAALADase and folate hydrolase activities are inhibited by quisqualic acid.
messages: There are amino acid differences between the sequence shown in fig.1 (PubMed:11210180) and the sequence deposited in the database (AF026380). The sequence from fig.1 shows only 3 conflicts between PubMed:11210180 and PubMed:16141072. These are at AA positions 141, 240 and 287.

10090:Epha10
gene id: 10090:Epha10
uniprot id: Q8BYG9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Ephrin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for members of the ephrin-A family. Binds to EFNA3, EFNA4 and EFNA5 (By similarity).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:Rrn3
gene id: 10090:Rrn3
uniprot id: B2RS91
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRN3 family.
messages: Interacts with TAF1B. Interacts with POLR1F, EIF3L and TAF1C (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-198 by MAPK9/JNK2, which abrogates initiation complex formation.
messages: Required for efficient transcription initiation by RNA polymerase I. Required for the formation of the competent preinitiation complex (PIC). Dissociates from pol I as a consequence of transcription. In vitro, cannot activate transcription in a subsequent transcription reaction.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Arpc5
gene id: 10090:Arpc5
uniprot id: Q9CPW4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ARPC5 family.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC.
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated by RNF128 with 'Lys-63'-linked chains, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Bcl10
gene id: 10090:Bcl10
uniprot id: Q9Z0H7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Detected in developing brain, olfactory epithelium, tongue, whisker follicles, salivary gland, heart, lung, liver and intestinal epithelia of stage 15 embryos.
messages: Homomultimer; homooligomerized following recruitment by CARD domain-containing proteins that form a nucleating helical template that recruits BCL10 via CARD-CARD interaction (By similarity). Self-associates by CARD-CARD interaction and interacts with other CARD-proteins such as CARD9, CARD10, CARD11 and CARD14 (PubMed:22265677, PubMed:22880103). Forms a complex with CARD14 and MALT1; resulting in the formation of a CBM (CARD14-BCL10-MALT1) complex (By similarity). Forms a complex with CARD11 and MALT1; resulting in the formation of a CBM (CARD11-BCL10-MALT1) complex (By similarity). Forms a complex with CARD9 and MALT1; resulting in the formation of a CBM (CARD9-BCL10-MALT1) complex (PubMed:22265677). Found in a membrane raft complex, at least composed of BCL10, CARD11, DPP4 and IKBKB (By similarity). Binds caspase-9 with its C-terminal domain (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF2 and BIRC2/c-IAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PELI2 and SOCS3; these interactions may be mutually exclusive (PubMed:15213237).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Phosphorylated by IKBKB/IKKB.
messages: Plays a key role in both adaptive and innate immune signaling by bridging CARD domain-containing proteins to immune activation (PubMed:22265677). Acts by channeling adaptive and innate immune signaling downstream of CARD domain-containing proteins CARD9, CARD11 and CARD14 to activate NF-kappa-B and MAP kinase p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and/or MAPK14) pathways which stimulate expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (PubMed:22265677). Recruited by activated CARD domain-containing proteins: homooligomerized CARD domain-containing proteins form a nucleating helical template that recruits BCL10 via CARD-CARD interaction, thereby promoting polymerization of BCL10, subsequent recruitment of MALT1 and formation of a CBM complex (By similarity). This leads to activation of NF-kappa-B and MAP kinase p38 (MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and/or MAPK14) pathways which stimulate expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (By similarity). Activated by CARD9 downstream of C-type lectin receptors; CARD9-mediated signals are essential for antifungal immunity (PubMed:22265677). Activated by CARD11 downstream of T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) (By similarity). Promotes apoptosis, pro-caspase-9 maturation and activation of NF-kappa-B via NIK and IKK (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by MALT1; required for T-cell activation.
messages: Ubiquitinated via both 'Lys-63'-linked and linear ('Met-1'-linked) polyubiquitin chains in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) activation. Ubiquitination is recognized by IKBKG/NEMO, the regulatory subunit of I-kappa-B kinase (IKK), and is required for TCR-induced NF-kappa-B activation. Linear ubiquitination at Lys-17, Lys-31 and Lys-63 is mediated by RNF31/HOIP; linear ubiquitination is recognized with much higher affinity than 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin by IKBKG/NEMO. CARD11 is required for linear ubiquitination by HOIP by promoting the targeting of BCL10 to RNF31/HOIP.

10090:Abi1
gene id: 10090:Abi1
uniprot id: B7ZCU0
uniprot id: B7ZCU2
uniprot id: B7ZCU3
uniprot id: B7ZCU4
uniprot id: Q3TJ64
uniprot id: Q3TJR5
uniprot id: Q3TPY5
uniprot id: Q8CBW3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ABI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected at 10 dpc and 12 dpc in developing brain, but does not appear more prominent in the neuroepithelium compared to the surrounding tissue.
messages: Interacts with ENAH, Abelson murine leukemia virus V-ABL, ABL1, STX1A, SNAP25, VAMP2, and through its N-terminus with WASF1. Part of a complex consisting of ABI1, STX1A and SNAP25. Part of a complex consisting of ABI1, EPS8 and SOS1. Interacts with EPS8, SOS1, SOS2, GRB2, SPTA1, and the first SH3 domain of NCK1 (By similarity). Component of the WAVE2 complex composed of ABI1, CYFIP1/SRA1, NCKAP1/NAP1 (NCKAP1l/HEM1 in hematopoietic cells) and WASF2/WAVE2. Interacts (via SH3 domain) with SHANK2 and SHANK3, but not SHANK1; the interaction is direct. Interacts with the heterodimer MYC:MAX; the interaction may enhance MYC:MAX transcriptional activity. Interacts with FNBP1L (via the SH3 domain), WASF2, and CDC42, but only in the presence of FNBP1L (By similarity).
messages: May act in negative regulation of cell growth and transformation by interacting with nonreceptor tyrosine kinases ABL1 and/or ABL2. In vitro, at least isoform 2 and isoform 4 suppress the transforming activity of Abelson murine leukemia virus (v-Abl) after overexpression in fibroblasts. May play a role in regulation EGF-induced Erk pathway activation. Involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and EGFR signaling. Together with EPS8 participates in transduction of signals from Ras to Rac. In vitro, a trimeric complex of ABI1, EPS8 and SOS1 exhibits Rac specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity and ABI1 seems to act as an adapter in the complex. Regulates ABL1/c-Abl-mediated phosphorylation of ENAH. Recruits WASF1 to lamellipodia and there seems to regulate WASF1 protein level. In brain, seems to regulate the dendritic outgrowth and branching as well as to determine the shape and number of synaptic contacts of developing neurons.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues after serum stimulation or induction by v-Abl. Seems to be phosphorylated at Tyr-53 by ABL1, required for nuclear but not for synaptic localization (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: The t-SNARE coiled-coil homology domain is necessary and sufficient for interaction with STX1A.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in bone marrow, spleen, brain, testes, and embryonic brain. In adult brain prominently expressed in the neocortex, hippocampus and dentate gyrus.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium
messages: growth cone
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Focad
gene id: 10090:Focad
uniprot id: A2AKG8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed by glial and neuronal cells in brain.
messages: Interacts with VCL.
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential tumor suppressor in gliomas.
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Wdr83
gene id: 10090:Wdr83
uniprot id: Q9DAJ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat MORG1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with EGLN3/PHD3. Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Interacts with ERK signaling proteins MAP2K1/MEK1, MAP2K2/MEK2, LAMTOR3, ARAF/Raf-1, MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1.
messages: Molecular scaffold protein for various multimeric protein complexes. Involved in response to hypoxia by acting as a negative regulator of HIF1A/HIF-1-alpha via its interaction with EGLN3/PHD3. May promote degradation of HIF1A. May act by recruiting signaling complexes to a specific upstream activator (By similarity). Also acts as a module in the assembly of a multicomponent scaffold for the ERK pathway, linking ERK responses to specific agonists. At low concentrations it enhances ERK activation, whereas high concentrations lead to the inhibition of ERK activation. May also be involved in pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Il12a
gene id: 10090:Il12a
uniprot id: F8WI71
uniprot id: P43431
uniprot id: Q549G3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily.
messages: Deletion mutant mice display normal development (PubMed:8766560). However, they are unable to restrict the progression of Leishmania major infection with strong parasite load in lymphoid tissues observed (PubMed:8766560). In addition, regulatory T-cells are functionally defective and mice are unable to control colitis (resembling inflammatory bowel disease, IBD)(PubMed:18033300).
messages: Heterodimer with IL12B; disulfide-linked (PubMed:1350290). This heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12 (PubMed:1350290). Heterodimer with EBI3/IL27B; not disulfide-linked (By similarity). This heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-35 (By similarity). Interacts with NBR1; this interaction promotes IL-12 secretion (PubMed:34374750).
messages: Heterodimer with IL12B; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12.
messages: Heterodimerizes with IL12B to form the IL-12 cytokine or with EBI3/IL27B to form the IL-35 cytokine. IL-12 is primarily produced by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as B-cells and dendritic cells (DCs) as well as macrophages and granulocytes and regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favors the differentiation of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and is an important link between innate resistance and adaptive immunity (PubMed:8766560). Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL12R1 and IL12R2 subunits. Binding to the receptor results in the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates including the JAK family kinases TYK2 and JAK2. In turn, recruited STAT4 gets phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates cytokine/growth factor responsive genes (By similarity). As part of IL-35, plays essential roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the liver microenvironment and functions also as an immune-suppressive cytokine (PubMed:18033300,PubMed:30197594). Mediates biological events through unconventional receptors composed of IL12RB2 and gp130/IL6ST heterodimers or homodimers. Signaling requires the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT4, which form a unique heterodimer that binds to distinct DNA sites (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimerizes with IL12B to form the IL-12 cytokine or with EBI3/IL27B to form the IL-35 cytokine. IL-12 is primarily produced by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as B-cells and dendritic cells (DCs) as well as macrophages and granulocytes and regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favors the differentiation of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and is an important link between innate resistance and adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL12R1 and IL12R2 subunits. Binding to the receptor results in the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates including the JAK family kinases TYK2 and JAK2. In turn, recruited STAT4 gets phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates cytokine/growth factor responsive genes. As part of IL-35, plays essential roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the liver microenvironment and functions also as an immune-suppressive cytokine. Mediates biological events through unconventional receptors composed of IL12RB2 and gp130/IL6ST heterodimers or homodimers. Signaling requires the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT4, which form a unique heterodimer that binds to distinct DNA sites.
messages: Secreted

10090:Smim15
gene id: 10090:Smim15
uniprot id: Q3UTD9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SMIM15 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Uprt
gene id: 10090:Uprt
uniprot id: B1AVZ0
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPRTase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The uracil binding region known from UPRTases is missing.

10090:Tagln
gene id: 10090:Tagln
uniprot id: P37804
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Actin cross-linking/gelling protein.
messages: Belongs to the calponin family.
messages: By growth factors.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Bud13
gene id: 10090:Bud13
uniprot id: Q8R149
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CWC26 family.
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the activated spliceosome.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the activated spliceosome B/catalytic step 1 spliceosome, one of the forms of the spliceosome which has a well-formed active site but still cannot catalyze the branching reaction and is composed of at least 52 proteins, the U2, U5 and U6 snRNAs and the pre-mRNA.

10090:Serpina1a
gene id: 10090:Serpina1a
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQA3
uniprot id: P07758
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Inhibitor of serine proteases. Its primary target is elastase, but it also has a moderate affinity for plasmin and thrombin.
messages: Murine alpha-1-antitrypsin is represented by a cluster of up to 6 individual Serpina1-related genes. The precise complement of Serpina1-related genes present varies according to the strain of the animal.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina1-related genes may determine target protease specificity.

10090:Olfr90
gene id: 10090:Olfr90
uniprot id: Q0VEL5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Setd7
gene id: 10090:Setd7
uniprot id: Q8VHL1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET7 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed during all pre-implementation stages in both male and female embryos.
messages: Histone methyltransferase that specifically monomethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (By similarity). H3 'Lys-4' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (By similarity). Plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of genes such as collagenase or insulin (PubMed:12711597). Recruited by IPF1/PDX-1 to the insulin promoter, leading to activate transcription (By similarity). Has also methyltransferase activity toward non-histone proteins such as CGAS, p53/TP53, TAF10, and possibly TAF7 by recognizing and binding the [KR]-[STA]-K in substrate proteins (PubMed:35210392). Monomethylates 'Lys-189' of TAF10, leading to increase the affinity of TAF10 for RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Monomethylates 'Lys-372' of p53/TP53, stabilizing p53/TP53 and increasing p53/TP53-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity). Monomethylates 'Lys-491' of CGAS, promoting interaction between SGF29 and CGAS (PubMed:35210392).
messages: Interacts with IPF1/PDX-1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SET domain is necessary but not sufficient for histone methyltransferase activity.

10090:Krt86
gene id: 10090:Krt86
uniprot id: B2RTB6
uniprot id: P97861
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: There are two types of hair/microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic).

10090:1700057G04Rik
gene id: 10090:1700057G04Rik
uniprot id: Q3V0U0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the phospholipid scramblase family.
messages: May mediate accelerated ATP-independent bidirectional transbilayer migration of phospholipids upon binding calcium ions that results in a loss of phospholipid asymmetry in the plasma membrane.

10090:Thap4
gene id: 10090:Thap4
uniprot id: Q6P3Z3
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 1 heme b group per subunit, that coordinates a highly solvent-exposed Fe(III) atom.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heme-binding protein able to scavenge peroxynitrite and to protect free L-tyrosine against peroxynitrite-mediated nitration, by acting as a peroxynitrite isomerase that converts peroxynitrite to nitrate. Therefore, this protein likely plays a role in peroxynitrite sensing and in the detoxification of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNS and ROS, respectively). Is able to bind nitric oxide (NO) in vitro, but may act as a sensor of peroxynitrite levels in vivo, possibly modulating the transcriptional activity residing in the N-terminal region.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the nitrobindin family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal nitrobindin region coordinates a heme and bears the isomerase activity. The N-terminal zinc finger domain likely binds DNA and may be involved in transcriptional regulation.

10090:Col11a2
gene id: 10090:Col11a2
uniprot id: Q64739
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.
messages: May play an important role in fibrillogenesis by controlling lateral growth of collagen II fibrils.
messages: Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: The C-terminal propeptide, also known as COLFI domain, have crucial roles in tissue growth and repair by controlling both the intracellular assembly of procollagen molecules and the extracellular assembly of collagen fibrils. It binds a calcium ion which is essential for its function (By similarity).
messages: Trimers composed of three different chains: alpha 1(XI), alpha 2(XI), and alpha 3(XI). Alpha 3(XI) is a post-translational modification of alpha 1(II). Alpha 1(V) can also be found instead of alpha 3(XI)=1(II) (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Cyp2c54
gene id: 10090:Cyp2c54
uniprot id: Q6XVG2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: Metabolizes arachidonic acid mainly to 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE).
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: P450 can be induced to high levels in liver and other tissues by various foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens.

10090:Ssu2
gene id: 10090:Ssu2
uniprot id: Q8C3L1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the developing brain, expressed at low levels prior to 15 dpc. Expression increases in the early postnatal stages, peaks at P16, and decreases in adulthood.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in odontogenesis.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in the liver, intestine, tongue and underjaw.

10090:Ccdc66
gene id: 10090:Ccdc66
uniprot id: Q6NS45
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the retina from postnatal stages to adulthood. Highest levels are observed at postnatal stage P1 and P4 and expression decreases afterward. Steady levels are observed from P12 to adulthood. Expression increases in the outer segments from P12 to P19 paralleling the differentiation of outer segments.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (Probable). Interacts with CEP290. Interacts with PCM1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC9, TOGARAM1, CSPP1 and CEP104 (By similarity).
messages: Mice lacking Ccdc66 are viable but display degeneration of the retina. Initial formation of the retina is normal up to postnatal stage P10. Malformation of photoreceptors develops around P13. The degeneration progresses slowly until 3 months after birth, when the outer nuclear layer is reduced to 5-6 rows. From 5 to 7 months, only a thin outer nuclear and photoreceptor layer with severely shrunken outer and inner segments is preserved. It is associated with impaired photoreceptor function with early visual impairment detectable 1 month after birth and progressing slightly until 7 months.
messages: Microtubule-binding protein required for ciliogenesis. May function in ciliogenesis by mediating the transport of proteins like BBS4 to the cilium, but also through the organization of the centriolar satellites (By similarity). Plays a role in retina morphogenesis and/or homeostasis (PubMed:21680557).
messages: Partial nucleotide duplication in position 392 that disrupts the frame.
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:19777273). Expressed in retina by rod photoreceptors but also detected in outer plexiform and ganglion cell layers (at protein level) (PubMed:21680557, PubMed:19777273).
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Atp8b5
gene id: 10090:Atp8b5
uniprot id: A3FIN4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Highly expressed in testis.
messages: Not detected in testis until 18 days postpartum. At 22 days postpartum, levels increase and remain constant during adulthood. During spermatogenesis, expressed from pachytene spermatocytes to mature sperm.
messages: P4-ATPase flippase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of various membranes and ensures the maintenance of asymmetric distribution of phospholipids. Phospholipid translocation seems also to be implicated in vesicle formation and in uptake of lipid signaling molecules. May play a role in phospholid transport across membranes and in acrosome formation.
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Fam210b
gene id: 10090:Fam210b
uniprot id: Q9D8B6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM210 family.
messages: Expressed in late erythroblast differentiation stages (PubMed:26968549).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Plays a role in erythroid differentiation. Involved in cell proliferation and tumor cell growth suppression. Involved in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells in a PDK4-dependent manner.
messages: Up-regulated by the erythroid transcription factor GATA1 (PubMed:26968549).

10090:Vmn1r248
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r248
uniprot id: D3YTX5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cul9
gene id: 10090:Cul9
uniprot id: S4R1Y1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cullin family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Cep170
gene id: 10090:Cep170
uniprot id: H7BX26
uniprot id: Q6A065
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CEP170 family.
messages: Interacts with CCDC68 and CCDC120; leading to recruitment to centrosomes (By similarity). Interacts with PLK1 (By similarity). Interacts with NIN (PubMed:27565344). Interacts with FHDC1 (PubMed:29742020). Interacts with CCDC61 (By similarity). Interacts with TBK1; efficient complex formation may be dependent on the presence of CCDC61 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated; probably by PLK1.
messages: Plays a role in microtubule organization. Required for centriole subdistal appendage assembly.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Slc35b1
gene id: 10090:Slc35b1
uniprot id: P97858
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: ATP:ADP antiporter that catalyzes the exchange of ATP and ADP across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Imports ATP from the cytosol to the ER lumen and exports ADP in the opposite direction (By similarity). Regulates ER energy metabolism and protein biogenesis. Appears to be part of a calcium-dependent ER to cytosol low energy response axis, where calcium efflux from ER to the cytosol triggers ATP import into the ER lumen to maintain sufficient ATP supply. Provides ATP to ER chaperone HSPA5 that drives protein folding and trafficking in the ER (By similarity). Can transport UTP or UDP in exchange for ATP, but the physiological relevance of this process remains to be established (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35B subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The di-lysine motif confers endoplasmic reticulum localization for type I membrane proteins.

10090:Olfr1416
gene id: 10090:Olfr1416
uniprot id: Q8VGU4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lypd5
gene id: 10090:Lypd5
uniprot id: Q9D7Z7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Xlr3c
gene id: 10090:Xlr3c
uniprot id: B1B0S0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Utp15
gene id: 10090:Utp15
uniprot id: Q8C7V3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts directly with UTP4 and WDR43 (). May be a component of the proposed t-UTP subcomplex of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome containing at least UTP4, WDR43, HEATR1, UTP15, WDR75.
messages: Ribosome biogenesis factor. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Required for optimal pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase I.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Sf3a2
gene id: 10090:Sf3a2
uniprot id: G3UVU2
uniprot id: Q7TN25
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SF3A2 family.

10090:Synj2
gene id: 10090:Synj2
uniprot id: D3YZB2
uniprot id: E9Q4P5
uniprot id: F8WHD8
uniprot id: Q3TTB3
uniprot id: Q9D2G5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptojanin family.
messages: Binds GRB2 and OMP25.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the central section; belongs to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 5-phosphatase family.
messages: Inositol 5-phosphatase which may be involved in distinct membrane trafficking and signal transduction pathways. May mediate the inhibitory effect of Rac1 on endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Presynapse
messages: Sequencing errors.
messages: The C-terminal proline-rich region mediates binding to the SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with the highest levels in heart and brain. Detected in cortex, cerebellum and olfactory bulb. Expressed in the testis.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cldn3
gene id: 10090:Cldn3
uniprot id: Q545A5
uniprot id: Q9Z0G9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin CPE; the interaction may disrupt claudin assembly in tight junctions.
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Can form homo- and heteropolymers with other CLDN. Homopolymers interact with CLDN1 and CLDN2 homopolymers. Directly interacts with TJP1/ZO-1, TJP2/ZO-2 and TJP3/ZO-3.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in liver and lung and, at lower levels, in kidney and testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: tight junction

10090:Vmn1r112
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r112
uniprot id: G3UY48
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmc4
gene id: 10090:Tmc4
uniprot id: F8VQ45
uniprot id: Q7TQ65
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMC family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable ion channel.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Eea1
gene id: 10090:Eea1
uniprot id: Q8BL66
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds phospholipid vesicles containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and participates in endosomal trafficking.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer. Binds STX6. Binds RAB5A, RAB5B, RAB5C and RAB22A that have been activated by GTP-binding. Interacts with ERBB2 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB31. Interacts with SAMD9 and SAMD9L (By similarity). May interact with PLEKHF2 (By similarity).
messages: The FYVE-type zinc finger domain mediates interactions with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in membranes of early endosomes and penetrates bilayers. The FYVE domain insertion into PtdIns(3)P-enriched membranes is substantially increased in acidic conditions (By similarity).

10090:Oog1
gene id: 10090:Oog1
uniprot id: E9Q5G7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the ovary, ovulated oocytes and preimplantation embryos (at protein level). Not detected in testis, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung and brain.
messages: Expressed predominantly in oocytes and one- to four-cell-stage embryos with weak expression in morula/blastocyst-stage embryos (at protein level). Expression increases from oocyte to the one-cell stage and then decreases toward the four-cell stage (at protein level). Highly expressed in oocytes of primary, secondary and antral follicles with low levels in oocytes of primordial follicles (at protein level).
messages: Expression of spermatogenesis-associated genes including Klhl10, Tekt2, Tdrd6 and Tnp2 are significantly up-regulated in the ovaries.
messages: Interacts with RALGDS (via Ras-associating domain) (PubMed:16580637). Interacts with HRAS (in GTP-bound form) (PubMed:16580637).
messages: May down-regulate the expression of spermatogenesis-associated genes in female germ cells allowing their normal differentiation into oocytes (PubMed:29731491). May act as a Ras-mediated signaling protein in early embryogenesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mfsd9
gene id: 10090:Mfsd9
uniprot id: Q8C0T7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rdh13
gene id: 10090:Rdh13
uniprot id: Q8CEE7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Retinol dehydrogenase with a clear preference for NADP. Oxidizes all-trans-retinol, but seems to reduce all-trans-retinal with much higher efficiency. Has no activity towards steroid.

10090:Bcl2l11
gene id: 10090:Bcl2l11
uniprot id: O54918
uniprot id: Q542N5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: By ER stress.
messages: Expressed in a number of B- and T-lymphoid cell lines.
messages: Forms heterodimers with a number of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins including MCL1, BCL2, BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L), BCL2A1/BFL-1.
messages: Forms heterodimers with a number of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins, including MCL1, BCL2, BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L), BCL2A1/BFL-1, and BCL2L2/BCLW (PubMed:16543145, PubMed:27013495, PubMed:14499110). Interacts with BAX (in vitro); this interaction may induce the conformationally active form of BAX (PubMed:14499110). Does not heterodimerize with proapoptotic proteins such as BAD, BOK or BAK. Identified in a complex containing BCL2L11, DYNLL1 and BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L); BH3 integrity is required for BCL2L1-binding (PubMed:21478148, PubMed:27013495, PubMed:14499110). Interacts with YWHAZ. When phosphorylated, interacts with TRIM2; this interaction is associated with ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:21478148). Interacts (via BH3) with MCL1; this interaction may sequester BCL2L11 and prevent its pro-apoptotic activity (PubMed:16543145, PubMed:27013495). When phosphorylated, isoform BimEL interacts with USP27X; this interaction leads to BCL2L11 deubiquitination and stabilization (PubMed:27013495). Interacts with GIMAP5 (PubMed:16509771). Interacts with BCL2L10/BCL-B (By similarity).
messages: Induces apoptosis and anoikis.
messages: Induces apoptosis and anoikis. The isoforms vary in cytotoxicity with isoform BimS being the most potent and isoform BimEL being the least potent.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-65 by MAPK1/MAPK3 leads interaction with TRIM2 and ubiquitination, followed by proteasomal degradation (PubMed:21478148). Deubiquitination catalyzed by USP27X stabilizes the protein (PubMed:27013495).
messages: The BH3 motif is required for the interaction with Bcl-2 proteins and cytotoxicity.
messages: Ubiquitination by TRIM2 following phosphorylation by MAPK1/MAPK3 leads to proteasomal degradation. Conversely, deubiquitination catalyzed by USP27X stabilizes the protein.

10090:Krr1
gene id: 10090:Krr1
uniprot id: Q8BGA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KRR1 family.
messages: Component of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for 40S ribosome biogenesis. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA and ribosome assembly (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Fiz1
gene id: 10090:Fiz1
uniprot id: Q9WTJ4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the retina at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with FLT3 cytoplasmic catalytic domain, following receptor stimulation, in a kinase-independent manner. Does not interact with other structurally related receptor tyrosine kinases, including KIT, CSF1R and PDGFR. Interacts with NRL (By similarity).
messages: May be a transcriptional repressor of NRL function in photoreceptors. Does not repress CRX-mediated transactivation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed. In the retina, highest expression in the ganglion cell layer.

10090:Gm20874
gene id: 10090:Gm20874
uniprot id: J3QNI1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Map3k13
gene id: 10090:Map3k13
uniprot id: Q1HKZ5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation and homodimerization.
messages: Activates the JUN N-terminal pathway through activation of the MAP kinase kinase MAP2K7. Acts synergistically with PRDX3 to regulate the activation of NF-kappa-B in the cytosol. This activation is kinase-dependent and involves activating the IKK complex, the IKBKB-containing complex that phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; forms dimers through the leucine-zipper motif. Interacts with the C-terminus of MAPK8IP1 through the kinase catalytic domain. Binds PRDX3. Associates with the IKK complex through the kinase domain.
messages: Membrane

10090:Htr2b
gene id: 10090:Htr2b
uniprot id: Q02152
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (PubMed:1426253). Also functions as a receptor for various ergot alkaloid derivatives and psychoactive substances (PubMed:1426253, PubMed:16940156). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of downstream effectors. Beta-arrestin family members inhibit signaling via G proteins and mediate activation of alternative signaling pathways. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system that modulates the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and downstream signaling cascades and promotes the release of Ca(2+) ions from intracellular stores (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine release, 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake and in the regulation of extracellular dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine levels, and thereby affects neural activity (PubMed:16940156, PubMed:18337424). May play a role in the perception of pain (PubMed:21273425). Plays a role in the regulation of behavior, including impulsive behavior (PubMed:21179162). Required for normal proliferation of embryonic cardiac myocytes and normal heart development (PubMed:10944220, PubMed:11413089). Protects cardiomyocytes against apoptosis (PubMed:12738797). Plays a role in the adaptation of pulmonary arteries to chronic hypoxia (PubMed:12244304). Plays a role in vasoconstriction (PubMed:12244304, PubMed:23346101). Required for normal osteoblast function and proliferation, and for maintaining normal bone density (PubMed:17846081). Required for normal proliferation of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the intestine (PubMed:19941613).
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with MPDZ.
messages: Ligands are bound in a hydrophobic pocket formed by the transmembrane helices.
messages: Partial embryonic and perinatal lethality, due to heart ventricle hypoplasia and impaired proliferative capacity of heart myocytes. Mutant mice that survive into adulthood have a decreased heart weight relative to body weight. They display dilated cardiomyopathy with a loss of ventricular mass, due to a reduction in the number and size of cardiomyocytes. The myocardium from mutant mice displays abnormal organization of the contractile elements, with an irregular array of sarcomeric myofibrils and abnormally wide Z bands. In addition, heart muscle mitochondria display structural and functional defects. Mutant mice do not respond to chronic exposure to low oxygen levels by remodeling of their lung arteries, unlike wild-type mice, and as a consequence, do not develop increased right ventricular systolic pressure in response to chronic hypoxia. Adult mutant female mice display reduced bone density that worsens with age. Osteopenia is due to reduced proliferation and delayed differentiation of osteoblasts and reduced calcium incorporation by osteoblasts (PubMed:17846081). In addition, mutant mice display a reduced number of proliferating interstitial cells of Cajal in the myenteric plexus in jejunum muscle, and a reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal in the deep muscular plexus (PubMed:19941613). Mutant mice also show increased locomotor activity in a novel environment, compared to the wild-type. Unlike the wild-type, they do not respond to the drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine with increased locomotion and increased 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine levels in the brain (PubMed:18337424).
messages: Ubiquitous. Detected in intestine, heart, skeletal muscle, testis, urinary bladder, stomach, liver, lung, brain and kidney. Detected in osteoblasts. Detected in the raphe nucleus in the brain, in dorsal root ganglion neurons, the brain stem, cerebellum and spinal cord. Detected in interstitial cells of Cajal in the small intestine.
messages: synaptosome

10090:Gnaq
gene id: 10090:Gnaq
uniprot id: P21279
uniprot id: Q3UHH5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(q) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site. Binds SLC9A3R1. Forms a complex with PECAM1 and BDKRB2. Interacts with PECAM1 (By similarity). Interacts with GAS2L2 (PubMed:23994616).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:9687499). Required for platelet activation (PubMed:9296496). Regulates B-cell selection and survival and is required to prevent B-cell-dependent autoimmunity (PubMed:20624888). Regulates chemotaxis of BM-derived neutrophils and dendritic cells (in vitro) (PubMed:17938235). Transduces FFAR4 signaling in response to long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (By similarity). Together with GNA11, required for heart development (PubMed:9687499).
messages: Histaminylated at Gln-209 residues by TGM2.
messages: Mice are viable but suffer from cerebellar ataxia and display deficiencies in primary hemostasis due to a defect in platelet activation (PubMed:9296496, PubMed:9391157). Mice lacking Gnaq and Gna11 are embryonic lethal due to cardiomyocyte hypoplasia (PubMed:9687499). Mice lacking Gnaq and with one single intact copy of Gna11, as well as mice lacking Gna11 and with one single intact copy of Gnaq die shortly after birth; lethality is caused by heart malformations (PubMed:9687499). Newborns display craniofacial defects (PubMed:9687499).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC3 and ZDHHC7 (PubMed:19001095). Palmitoylation occurs in the Golgi and participates in the localization of GNAQ to the plasma membrane (PubMed:19001095).

10090:Cntnap1
gene id: 10090:Cntnap1
uniprot id: O54991
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neurexin family.
messages: Expressed in brain. In myelinated nerve fibers predominantly found in paranodal axoglial junctions. In the internodal region of myelinated axons in the CNS and the PNS also found as a thin line apposing the inner mesaxon of the myelin sheath. In PNS neurons this line forms a circumferential ring that apposes the innermost aspect of Schmidt-Lanterman incisures.
messages: Interacts with CNTN1/contactin in cis form.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice exhibit tremor, ataxia, and significant motor paresis. Normal paranodal junctions fail to form, and the organization of the paranodal loops is disrupted. Contactin is undetectable in the paranodes, and potassium channels are displaced from the juxtaparanodal into the paranodal domains. Also results in a severe decrease in peripheral nerve conduction velocity (PubMed:11395000, PubMed:25378149). Double mutants CNTNAP1 and CNTNAP2 have wider Ranvier nodes compared to wild-type littermates (PubMed:25378149).
messages: Required, with CNTNAP2, for radial and longitudinal organization of myelinated axons (PubMed:25378149). Plays a role in the formation of functional distinct domains critical for saltatory conduction of nerve impulses in myelinated nerve fibers. Demarcates the paranodal region of the axo-glial junction. In association with contactin involved in the signaling between axons and myelinating glial cells (PubMed:25378149, PubMed:11395000).
messages: paranodal septate junction

10090:Ppp1r26
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r26
uniprot id: Q6A025
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes. May positively regulate cell proliferation.
messages: Interacts with UTP20 and PPP1CA.
messages: Nude mice injected with Ppp1r26-expressing cells develop tumors within 2 weeks.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Kl
gene id: 10090:Kl
uniprot id: O35082
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 1 family. Klotho subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 2 glycosyl hydrolase 1 regions. However, the first region lacks the essential Glu active site residue at position 241, and the second one lacks the essential Glu active site residue at position 874.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with FGF23 and FGFR1.
messages: Induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in kidney. Down-regulated by angiotensin II and up-regulated by statins through modulation of the RhoA pathway in epithelial cells (in vitro). Isoform 1 (but not isoform 2) is up-regulated by thyroid hormone in adipocytes.
messages: Inhibited by D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone and taurocholic acid.
messages: May have weak glycosidase activity towards glucuronylated steroids. However, it lacks essential active site Glu residues at positions 241 and 874, suggesting it may be inactive as a glycosidase in vivo. May be involved in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis by inhibiting the synthesis of active vitamin D. Essential factor for the specific interaction between FGF23 and FGFR1.
messages: Membrane-bound protein is present in distal renal tubules, inner ear, ependymal cells of brain choroid plexus, elongating spermatids and mature oocytes (at protein level). Soluble peptide is present in serum (100 pM) and cerebrospinal fluid. Expressed strongly in kidney, moderately in brain choroid plexus, and at low levels in pituitary, placenta, skeletal muscle, urinary bladder, aorta, pancreas, testis, ovary, colon, thyroid gland and adipocytes.
messages: Mice display a syndrome resembling to human aging, with short lifespan, infertility, atherosclerosis, skin atrophy, osteoporosis and emphysema. They have various metabolic abnormalities, including increased insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin production. Mice overexpressing Kl have increased resistance to insulin and IGF1, a lifespan extended of more than 20%, and generate fewer offspring.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Not expressed in the embryo. Expressed in the kidney of newborns.
messages: Predominates over the secreted form by more than 10 times in all tissues examined.
messages: Secreted
messages: The Klotho peptide generated by cleavage of the membrane-bound isoform may be an anti-aging circulating hormone which would extend life span by inhibiting insulin/IGF1 signaling.

10090:Chordc1
gene id: 10090:Chordc1
uniprot id: Q9D1P4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By Heat shock in a HSF1-dependent manner.
messages: Interacts with HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1 and PPP5C. Interacts with ROCK1 and ROCK2 (By similarity).
messages: Regulates centrosome duplication, probably by inhibiting the kinase activity of ROCK2 (PubMed:20230755). Proposed to act as co-chaperone for HSP90 (PubMed:16083881). May play a role in the regulation of NOD1 via a HSP90 chaperone complex (PubMed:16083881). In vitro, has intrinsic chaperone activity (PubMed:20230755). This function may be achieved by inhibiting association of ROCK2 with NPM1 (PubMed:20230755). Plays a role in ensuring the localization of the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR to the plasma membrane, and thus ensures the subsequent regulation of EGFR activity and EGF-induced actin cytoskeleton remodeling (By similarity). Involved in stress response (PubMed:20493909). Prevents tumorigenesis (By similarity).
messages: Results in centrosome amplification and lethality. Cells become polyploid or undergo apoptosis. Embryos are no longer detected after 3.5 dpc.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Highly expressed in spleen, lung and brain (at protein level). Expressed in proliferating myoblasts and its expression remained steady after. Its expression undergoes diurnal and circadian changes in hypothalamus. Highly expressed during the dark-light transition (ZT20.5 (zeitgeber time 20.5) and ZT2.5).
messages: Weakly expressed at ZT8.5 and highly expressed at ZT14.5 at P6. At P6 highly expressed at ZT14.5 in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and cerebellum. First detected and widely distributed at P1 and that continued throughout postnatal development. Expression is evident in the cortical plate (CP) at 17 dpc. Lower levels of expression is also evident in intermediate (IZ) and subventricular (SVZ) zones at this age. A more diffuse expression pattern is evident in early postnatal cortex with only slight differences in intensity throughout cortical layers. By P14, a more laminated distribution pattern becomes evident with a punctate distribution apparent in deep cortical layers.

10090:Tiparp
gene id: 10090:Tiparp
uniprot id: Q8C1B2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates mono-ADP-ribosylation of glutamate, aspartate and cysteine residues on target proteins (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of AHR by mediating mono-ADP-ribosylation of AHR, leading to inhibit transcription activator activity of AHR (Probable).
messages: Auto-mono-ADP-ribosylated.
messages: Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family.
messages: By 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), which is a by-product of industrial processes and an important environmental contaminant (PubMed:11716501, PubMed:12147270). This induction is concentration and time-dependent and is mediated through an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocation (Arnt) signal transduction (PubMed:11716501, PubMed:12147270). Superinduced by cycloheximide and by inhibitors of the 26S proteasome (PubMed:11716501, PubMed:12147270).
messages: Interacts with AHR.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Olfr982
gene id: 10090:Olfr982
uniprot id: Q8VGB3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gtf2h5
gene id: 10090:Gtf2h5
uniprot id: Q8K2X8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with the vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein/M; this interaction may lead to transcription inhibition.
messages: Belongs to the TFB5 family.
messages: Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription.
messages: Component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls the initiation of transcription. Necessary for the stability of the TFIIH complex and for the presence of normal levels of TFIIH in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam216b
gene id: 10090:Fam216b
uniprot id: Q8CC14
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM216 family.

10090:Smc3
gene id: 10090:Smc3
uniprot id: Q1HL32
uniprot id: Q3TMK9
uniprot id: Q9CW03
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-105 and Lys-106 by ESCO1 is important for genome stability and S phase sister chromatid cohesion. Regulated by DSCC1, it is required for processive DNA synthesis, coupling sister chromatid cohesion establishment during S phase to DNA replication (By similarity). Deacetylation by HDAC8, regulates release of the cohesin complex from chromatin (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the SMC family. SMC3 subfamily.
messages: Central component of cohesin, a complex required for chromosome cohesion during the cell cycle. The cohesin complex may form a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. Cohesion is coupled to DNA replication and is involved in DNA repair. The cohesin complex also plays an important role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis and in chromosomes movement.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SMC1A or SMC1B in cohesin complexes (PubMed:11564881). Cohesin complexes are composed of the SMC1 (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3 heterodimer attached via their SMC hinge domain, RAD21 which link them, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3), which interacts with RAD21. Also found in meiosis-specific cohesin complexes. Found in a complex with SMC1A, CDCA5 and RAD21, PDS5A/SCC-112 and PDS5B/APRIN. Interacts with PDS5A and WAPL; regulated by SMC3 acetylation. Interacts with NUMA1, and forms a ternary complex with KIF3B and KIFAP3, suggesting a function in tethering the chromosomes to the spindle pole and a function in chromosome movement. Interacts with SYCP2 and RPGR. Interacts (via SMC hinge domain) with KIAA1328 (via N- and C-terminal domains). Interacts with DDX11. The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4. NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (By similarity). Interacts with MXI1, MXD3 and MXD4 (PubMed:9528857). Interacts with STAG3 (PubMed:11483963). Interacts with the NuRD complex component HDAC2; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-1083 in a SPO11-dependent manner.
messages: Spermatocytes (at protein level). Widely expressed, with higher expression in testis and brain.
messages: The flexible SMC hinge domain, which separates the large intramolecular coiled coil regions, allows the heterotypic interaction with the corresponding domain of SMC1A or SMC1B, forming a V-shaped heterodimer. The two heads of the heterodimer are then connected by different ends of the cleavable RAD21 protein, forming a ring structure (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the DCX(DCAF15) complex, leading to its degradation.
messages: Was originally isolated as a proteoglycan protein (explaining its name). Although not excluded, such secreted function is not clear.
messages: centromere

10090:Cblif
gene id: 10090:Cblif
uniprot id: P52787
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic cobalamin transport proteins family.
messages: Gastric mucosa.
messages: Interacts with CUBN (via CUB domains).
messages: Promotes absorption of the essential vitamin cobalamin (Cbl) in the ileum. After interaction with CUBN, the CBLIF-cobalamin complex is internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Tmem63b
gene id: 10090:Tmem63b
uniprot id: Q3TWI9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as an osmosensitive calcium-permeable cation channel (PubMed:27045885, PubMed:31243992). Mechanosensitive ion channel that converts mechanical stimuli into a flow of ion (PubMed:30382938).
messages: Belongs to the CSC1 (TC 1.A.17) family.
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Tmprss11f
gene id: 10090:Tmprss11f
uniprot id: Q8BHM9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable serine protease.

10090:Fos
gene id: 10090:Fos
uniprot id: P01101
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily.
messages: Constitutively sumoylated with SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3. Desumoylated by SENP2. Sumoylation requires heterodimerization with JUN and is enhanced by mitogen stimulation. Sumoylation inhibits the AP-1 transcriptional activity and is, itself, inhibited by Ras-activated phosphorylation on Thr-232 (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Heterodimer; with JUN (PubMed:29272704). Component of the SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex required for synergistic TGF-beta-mediated transcription at the AP1 promoter site (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD3; the interaction is weak even on TGF-beta activation (By similarity). Interacts with MAFB (By similarity). Interacts with DSIPI; this interaction inhibits the binding of active AP1 to its target DNA (PubMed:11397794). Interacts with CDS1 and PI4K2A, but not with CDIPT, nor PI4K2B (PubMed:22105363). Interacts (via bZIP domain and leucine-zipper region) with the multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF: SWI/SNF-A (BAF) subunits SMARCB1, SMARCC2 and SMARCD1 (PubMed:29272704). Interacts (via bZIP domain and leucine-zipper region) with ARID1A (PubMed:29272704).
messages: In quiescent cells, the small amount of FOS present is phosphorylated at Tyr-10 and Tyr-30 by SRC. This Tyr-phosphorylated form is cytosolic. In growing cells, dephosphorylated by PTPN2. Dephosphorylation leads to the association with endoplasmic reticulum membranes and activation of phospholipid synthesis.
messages: Nuclear phosphoprotein which forms a tight but non-covalently linked complex with the JUN/AP-1 transcription factor. On TGF-beta activation, forms a multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex, at the AP1/SMAD-binding site to regulate TGF-beta-mediated signaling (By similarity). Has a critical function in regulating the development of cells destined to form and maintain the skeleton. It is thought to have an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation. In growing cells, activates phospholipid synthesis, possibly by activating CDS1 and PI4K2A. This activity requires Tyr-dephosphorylation and association with the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in the C-terminal upon stimulation by nerve growth factor (NGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Phosphorylated, in vitro, by MAPK and RSK1. Phosphorylation on both Ser-362 and Ser-374 by MAPK1/2 and RSK1/2 leads to protein stabilization with phosphorylation on Ser-374 being the major site for protein stabilization on NGF stimulation. Phosphorylation on Ser-362 and Ser-374 primes further phosphorylations on Thr-325 and Thr-331 through promoting docking of MAPK to the DEF domain. Phosphorylation on Thr-232, induced by HA-RAS, activates the transcriptional activity and antagonizes sumoylation. Phosphorylation on Ser-362 by RSK2 in osteoblasts contributes to osteoblast transformation (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Eef2k
gene id: 10090:Eef2k
uniprot id: O08796
uniprot id: Q7TPC7
uniprot id: Q8BNP6
uniprot id: Q8CEC8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated at multiple residues, Thr-347 being the major site. Phosphorylated by AMP-activated protein kinase AMPK at Ser-397 leading to EEF2K activation and protein synthesis inhibition. Phosphorylated by TRPM7 at Ser-77 resulting in improved protein stability, higher EE2F phosphorylated and subsequently reduced rate of protein synthesis. Phosphorylation by other kinases such as CDK1 and MAPK13 at Ser-358 or RPS6KA1 and RPS6KB1 at Ser-365 instead decrease EEF2K activity and promote protein synthesis (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Alpha-type protein kinase family.
messages: Monomer or homodimer (Probable). Interacts with Calmodulin/CALM1; this interaction is strictly required for phosphorylation activity (By similarity).
messages: Monomer or homodimer.
messages: The catalytic domain is located to N-terminal region. The neighbor region contains the calmodulin-binding domain (By similarity).
messages: Threonine kinase that regulates protein synthesis by controlling the rate of peptide chain elongation. Upon activation by a variety of upstream kinases including AMPK or TRPM7, phosphorylates the elongation factor EEF2 at a single site, renders it unable to bind ribosomes and thus inactive. In turn, the rate of protein synthesis is reduced.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Particularly abundant in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Undergoes calcium/calmodulin-dependent intramolecular autophosphorylation, and this results in it becoming partially calcium/calmodulin-independent.

10090:Slc17a6
gene id: 10090:Slc17a6
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0A6
uniprot id: Q8BLE7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. VGLUT subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Chloride channel activity is allosterically activated by lumenal H(+) and Cl(-) leading to synaptic vesicles acidification. The L-glutamate transport activity is allosterically activated by lumenal H(+) and Cl(-). The allosteric requirement for H(+) efficiently prevents non-vesicular efflux across the plasma membrane (By similarity). The L-glutamate uniporter activity exhibits a biphasic dependence on chloride concentration (PubMed:11432869).
messages: Expressed in brain throughout development. Transiently expressed in hippocampal neurons during the first week after birth, with expression decreasing thereafter.
messages: Expressed in brain. Expressed in hippocampal neurons (at protein level).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice exhibit an elevated rate of perinatal lethality (PubMed:17108179). Surviving animals display a strong reduction in evoked glutamergic responses in thalamic neurons (PubMed:17108179). Reduction of protein level in homozygous and heterozygous knockouts leads to a graded reduction in the amplitude of the postsynaptic response to single vesicle fusion in thalamic neurons, consistent with a role for this protein in determining quantal size (PubMed:17108179). Decrease in the number of retinal hyaloid vessels at postnatal day 8 as a result of precocious regression (PubMed:30936473).
messages: Multifunctional transporter that transports L-glutamate as well as multiple ions such as chloride, proton, potassium, sodium and phosphate (PubMed:17108179, PubMed:33440152, PubMed:25433636, PubMed:11432869). At the synaptic vesicle membrane, mainly functions as a uniporter which transports preferentially L-glutamate but also, phosphate from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells (PubMed:17108179, PubMed:11432869). The L-glutamate or phosphate uniporter activity is electrogenic and is driven by the proton electrochemical gradient, mainly by the electrical gradient established by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase across the synaptic vesicle membrane (PubMed:11432869). In addition, functions as a chloride channel that allows a chloride permeation through the synaptic vesicle membrane therefore affects the proton electrochemical gradient and promotes synaptic vesicles acidification (By similarity). Moreover, functions as a vesicular K(+)/H(+) antiport allowing to maintain the electrical gradient and to decrease chemical gradient and therefore sustain vesicular glutamate uptake (PubMed:25433636). The vesicular H(+)/H(+) antiport activity is electroneutral (PubMed:25433636). At the plasma membrane, following exocytosis, functions as a symporter of Na(+) and phosphate from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm allowing synaptic phosphate homeostasis regulation (PubMed:33440152). The symporter activity is driven by an inside negative membrane potential and is electrogenic (PubMed:33440152). Also involved in the regulation of retinal hyaloid vessel regression during postnatal development (PubMed:30936473). May also play a role in the endocrine glutamatergic system of other tissues such as pineal gland and pancreas (By similarity).
messages: The phosphorylation site Tyr-195 is located in a predicted transmembrane region.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane
messages: synaptosome

10090:Cebpd
gene id: 10090:Cebpd
uniprot id: B9EIA9
uniprot id: Q00322
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. C/EBP subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a homodimer and as a heterodimer. Can form stable heterodimers with CEBPA, CEBPB and CEBPE (PubMed:1884998). Directly interacts with SPI1/PU.1; this interaction does not affect DNA-binding properties of each partner (PubMed:7594592). Interacts with PRDM16 (PubMed:19641492).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription activator that recognizes two different DNA motifs: the CCAAT homology common to many promoters and the enhanced core homology common to many enhancers (PubMed:7594592, PubMed:19641492). Important transcription factor regulating the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Transcriptional activator that enhances IL6 transcription alone and as heterodimer with CEBPB (By similarity).

10090:Tctex1d1
gene id: 10090:Tctex1d1
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VP18
uniprot id: A2AIZ4
uniprot id: B7ZNE0
uniprot id: Q9D5I4
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Interacts with ZMYND10.

10090:Ube2q2
gene id: 10090:Ube2q2
uniprot id: Q8K2Z8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination.
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated in vitro.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Ostn
gene id: 10090:Ostn
uniprot id: P61364
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Osteocrin family.
messages: Expressed during matrix production and maturation. Also expressed during myocyte differentiation.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle and to a much lesser extent in bone, brown adipose tissue, spleen and testis (PubMed:14523025, PubMed:15044443, PubMed:26668395). Not expressed in neurons (PubMed:27830782).
messages: Hormone that acts as a ligand for natriuretic peptide receptor NPR3/NPR-C and promotes bone growth and physical endurance in muscle. Acts as a regulator of osteoblast differentiation and bone growth by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor NPR3/NPR-C, thereby preventing binding between NPR3/NPR-C and natriuretic peptides, leading to increase cGMP production (PubMed:14523025, PubMed:17951249). Required to enhance physical endurance: induced following physical exercise in muscle and promotes cGMP production, probably by interacting with NPR3/NPR-C (PubMed:26668395). May act as an autocrine and paracrine factor linked to glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle (PubMed:15044443).
messages: Interacts with NPR3.
messages: Is regulated by nutritional changes (PubMed:15044443). Is up-regulated dose-dependently by insulin (PubMed:15044443). Is down-regulated dose-dependently by forskolin (PubMed:15044443). Induced in muscle following physical exercise (PubMed:26668395).
messages: Mice grow normally and do not display any visible phenotype but show reduced physical endurance (PubMed:26668395). Mice do not show skeletal deformities, differences in bone density, growth abnormalities, blood pressure nor body composition changes (PubMed:26668395).
messages: Secreted
messages: This protein-coding gene has been repurposed in primates, with the presence of a new enhancer sequence that drives expression in brain in response to sensory experience (PubMed:27830782).

10090:Tfeb
gene id: 10090:Tfeb
uniprot id: Q3UKG7
uniprot id: Q6P203
uniprot id: Q9R210
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Alkylated via a non-enzymatic covalent modification (PubMed:35662396). Itaconate, an anti-inflammatory metabolite generated in response to lipopolysaccharide, alkylates Cys-211, preventing association with 14-3-3/YWHA adapters, thereby promoting nuclear translocation and activity (PubMed:35662396).
messages: Belongs to the MiT/TFE family.
messages: Death between 9.5 and 10.5 days in embryonic development. Embryos display severe defects in placental vascularization. The embryonic vasculature forms normally but few vessels are seen entering the placenta and those that do enter fail to thrive and branch normally.
messages: Expressed at low levels in the embryo but at high levels in the labyrinthine trophoblast cells of the placenta.
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer; with TFE3 or MITF (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated by MTOR) with YWHAZ; promoting retention in the cytosol (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-210 by MTOR regulates its subcellular location and activity. When nutrients are present, phosphorylation by MTOR promotes association with 14-3-3/YWHA adapters and retention in the cytosol. Inhibition of mTORC1, starvation and lysosomal disruption, promotes dephosphorylation and translocation to the nucleus. Exported from the nucleus in a mTORC1-dependent manner in response to nutrient availability. Dephosphorylated by phosphatase PPP3CA following Coxsackievirus B3 infection, leading to nuclear translocation.
messages: Sumoylated; does not affect dimerization with MITF.
messages: The leucine zipper region is essential for homo- or heterodimerization and high-affinity DNA binding. DNA binding is mediated by the basic region.
messages: Transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, autophagy, lysosomal exocytosis, lipid catabolism, energy metabolism and immune response (PubMed:16936731, PubMed:22343943, PubMed:27278822, PubMed:35662396). Specifically recognizes and binds E-box sequences (5'-CANNTG-3'); efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with itself or with another MiT/TFE family member such as TFE3 or MITF (PubMed:16936731, PubMed:27278822). Involved in the cellular response to amino acid availability by acting downstream of MTOR: in the presence of nutrients, TFEB phosphorylation by MTOR promotes its cytosolic retention and subsequent inactivation (PubMed:35662396). Upon starvation or lysosomal stress, inhibition of MTOR induces TFEB dephosphorylation, resulting in nuclear localization and transcription factor activity (By similarity). Specifically recognizes and binds the CLEAR-box sequence (5'-GTCACGTGAC-3') present in the regulatory region of many lysosomal genes, leading to activate their expression, thereby playing a central role in expression of lysosomal genes (By similarity). Regulates lysosomal positioning in response to nutrient deprivation by promoting the expression of PIP4P1 (PubMed:29146937). Acts as a positive regulator of autophagy by promoting expression of genes involved in autophagy (PubMed:27278822). In association with TFE3, activates the expression of CD40L in T-cells, thereby playing a role in T-cell-dependent antibody responses in activated CD4(+) T-cells and thymus-dependent humoral immunity (PubMed:16936731). Specifically recognizes the gamma-E3 box, a subset of E-boxes, present in the heavy-chain immunoglobulin enhancer (By similarity). Plays a role in the signal transduction processes required for normal vascularization of the placenta (PubMed:9806910). Involved in the immune response to infection by the bacteria S.aureus, S.typhimurium or S.enterica (PubMed:24882217, PubMed:27184844, PubMed:35662396). Infection promotes itaconat…
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tas2r115
gene id: 10090:Tas2r115
uniprot id: Q7M719
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gdi1
gene id: 10090:Gdi1
uniprot id: P50396
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Rab GDI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: High expression in brain, lower in other tissues.
messages: Interacts with RHOH (By similarity). Interacts with the non-phosphorylated forms of RAB1A, RAB3A, RAB5A, RAB5B, RAB5C, RAB8A, RAB8B, RAB12, RAB35, and RAB43 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB10 (PubMed:19570034).
messages: Regulates the GDP/GTP exchange reaction of most Rab proteins by inhibiting the dissociation of GDP from them, and the subsequent binding of GTP to them. Promotes the dissociation of GDP-bound Rab proteins from the membrane and inhibits their activation. Promotes the dissociation of RAB1A, RAB3A, RAB5A and RAB10 from membranes.
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Gna12
gene id: 10090:Gna12
uniprot id: P27600
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(12) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma (PubMed:16388592). The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site (PubMed:16388592). Interacts with UBXD5 (By similarity). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with PPP5C (via TPR repeats); activates PPP5C phosphatase activity and translocates PPP5C to the cell membrane (By similarity). Interacts with RGS22 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with NAPA; the interaction promotes CDH5 localization to plasma membrane (By similarity). Interacts with CTNND1 (via N-terminus); the interaction regulates CDH1-mediated cell-cell adhesion (PubMed:15240885). Interacts with PPP2R1A; the interaction promotes protein phosphatase 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of MAPT (By similarity). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with ARHGEF1 (PubMed:16388592). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with ARHGEF11 (via RGS domain) (By similarity). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with ARHGEF12 (via RGS domain) (PubMed:16388592).
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems (PubMed:19151758, PubMed:21212405, PubMed:22609986). Activates effector molecule RhoA by binding and activating RhoGEFs (ARHGEF12/LARG) (By similarity). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling subsequently regulates transcription factor AP-1 (activating protein-1) (PubMed:19151758, PubMed:21212405). GNA12-dependent Rho signaling also regulates protein phosphatese 2A activation causing dephosphorylation of its target proteins (By similarity). Promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis by activating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway and up-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokine production (By similarity). Inhibits CDH1-mediated cell adhesion in process independent from Rho activation (By similarity). Together with NAPA promotes CDH5 localization to plasma membrane (By similarity). May play a role in the control of cell migration through the TOR signaling cascade (PubMed:22609986).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Myristoylation of mutated N-terminus in place of original palmitoylation restores the transformation activity.

10090:Sil1
gene id: 10090:Sil1
uniprot id: Q9EPK6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SIL1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Expressed in several areas of the brain including the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, cortical neurons, glial cells of white matter, hippocampus, olfactory bulb, Purkinje cells, inferior olive and the choroids plexus. Also expressed in the eye and skeletal muscle.
messages: Expressed in the developing retina and epithelial cells of the lens at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the developing cerebral cortex at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with HSPA5.
messages: Mice develop adult-onset ataxia with cerebellar Purkinje cell loss. Affected cells have intracellular protein accumulations in the endoplasmic reticulum and the nucleus.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Required for protein translocation and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Functions as a nucleotide exchange factor for the ER lumenal chaperone HSPA5.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CRL2(FEM1A) and CRL2(FEM1C) complexes, which recognize the -Lys-Xaa-Xaa-Arg C-degron at the C-terminus, leading to its degradation.

10090:Asic5
gene id: 10090:Asic5
uniprot id: D3Z0S5
uniprot id: Q9R0Y1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family.
messages: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. ASIC5 subfamily.
messages: Cation channel that gives rise to very low constitutive currents in the absence of activation. The activated channel exhibits selectivity for sodium and lithium, and is inhibited by amiloride (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in cerebellum, brainstem, kidney, liver, hepatocytes, lung, intestine and embryo. In the cerebellum. restricted to interneurons in the granular layer, specifically in GRM1-expressing unipolar brush cells of the vestibulocerebellum.
messages: Homotrimer or heterotrimer with other ASIC proteins.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hectd1
gene id: 10090:Hectd1
uniprot id: F8WIE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPL family. K-HECT subfamily.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.

10090:Mgrn1
gene id: 10090:Mgrn1
uniprot id: Q9D074
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated in vitro.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Mediates TSG101 monoubiquitination at multiple sites. Plays a role in the regulation of endosome-to-lysosome trafficking. Impairs MC1R- and MC4R-signaling by competing with GNAS-binding to MCRs and inhibiting agonist-induced cAMP production. Does not inhibit ADRB2-signaling. Does not promote MC1R ubiquitination (By similarity). Acts also as a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling (PubMed:29290584).
messages: Early endosome
messages: In presomite and early somite stage embryos, most strongly expressed in the node and more weakly in the neuroepithelium. In 6- to 12-somite embryos, strongest expression in the node, symmetrically in the floor plate of the neural tube and in the developing heart; weaker expression in paraxial mesoderm, somites, neuroepithelium, as well as in hind- and foregut pockets. By 9.5 dpc, virtually ubiquitous.
messages: Interacts with MC1R and MC4R (By similarity). Interacts with TSG101. Interacts with mislocalized cytosolically exposed PRNP; this interaction alters MGRN1 subcellular location and causes lysosomal enlargement.
messages: Mutant mice have a pleiotropic phenotype that includes the absence of yellow hair pigment, curly hair and whiskers, abnormal craniofacial patterning, reduced embryonic viability due to mispatterning of the left-right body axis and age-dependent spongiform neurodegeneration. Many months before onset of vacuolation, mitochondrial complex IV expression and activity is significantly reduced in mutant brains and oxidative stress is increased. A global reduction of ubiquitinated proteins in the brain is observed. At 1 month of age, null mutant mouse brains have less ubiquitinated TSG101, while adult mutant brains contain more ubiquitinated and insoluble TSG101 than wild type. At 1 month of age, significant increase in EGFR levels in the brains of null mutant mice relative to wild-type mice, suggesting an impaired trafficking to the lysosome for degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Partial rescue of the phenotype of mutant null mice.
messages: Sufficient for normal development, pigmentation and neuronal integrity.
messages: The RING finger is required for ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: Unable to rescue the phenotype of mutant null mice. This sequence has been deduced from the description in PubMed:19422019.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in brain, heart, kidney and liver. In the CNS, especially prominent in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In the skin, expressed in the basal layer of the epidermis and hair follicles, primarily in the outer root sheath. Isoforms 1, 3, 4 and 5 are equally expressed in the liver. Isoforms 1, 3 and 4 are most abundant in brain, kidney and heart, respectively.

10090:Josd1
gene id: 10090:Josd1
uniprot id: Q9DBJ6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated probes (in vitro). When ubiquitinated, cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked and 'Lys-48'-linked poly-ubiquitin chains (in vitro), hence may act as a deubiquitinating enzyme. May increase macropinocytosis and suppress clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. May enhance membrane dynamics and cell motility independently of its catalytic activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with beta-actin/ACTB.
messages: Monoubiquitinated. Ubiquitination activates deubiquitination activity in vitro.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level).

10090:Cfhr1
gene id: 10090:Cfhr1
uniprot id: Q61406
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:C3
gene id: 10090:C3
uniprot id: P01027
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils in chronic inflammation.
messages: Adipogenic hormone that stimulates triglyceride (TG) synthesis and glucose transport in adipocytes, regulating fat storage and playing a role in postprandial TG clearance. Appears to stimulate TG synthesis via activation of the PLC, MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Ligand for C5AR2. Promotes the phosphorylation, ARRB2-mediated internalization and recycling of C5AR2.
messages: C3 plays a central role in the activation of the complement system. Its processing by C3 convertase is the central reaction in both classical and alternative complement pathways. After activation C3b can bind covalently, via its reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates or immune aggregates.
messages: C3 precursor is first processed by the removal of 4 Arg residues, forming two chains, beta and alpha, linked by a disulfide bond. C3 convertase activates C3 by cleaving the alpha chain, releasing C3a anaphylatoxin and generating C3b (beta chain + alpha' chain). Forms the pro-C3-convertase enzyme complex by interacting with Complement factor B Bb fragment (Bb), which is then stabilized by binding CFP, allowing the complex to become active (By similarity). The interaction with Bb is dependent on Mg2+ (By similarity). C3b interacts with CR1 (via Sushi 8 and Sushi 9 domains). C3b interacts with CFH. C3d interacts with CFH. C3dg interacts with CR2 (via the N-terminal Sushi domains 1 and 2). During pregnancy, C3dg exists as a complex (probably a 2:2:2 heterohexamer) with AGT and the proform of PRG2. Interacts with VSIG4. Interacts with S.aureus immunoglobulin-binding protein sbi, this prevents interaction between C3dg and CR2. Interacts with S.aureus fib. Interacts (both C3a and ASP) with C5AR2; the interaction occurs with higher affinity for ASP, enhancing the phosphorylation and activation of C5AR2, recruitment of ARRB2 to the cell surface and endocytosis of GRP77.
messages: C3b is rapidly split in two positions by factor I and a cofactor to form iC3b (inactivated C3b) and C3f which is released. Then iC3b is slowly cleaved (possibly by factor I) to form C3c (beta chain + alpha' chain fragment 1 + alpha' chain fragment 2), C3dg and C3f. Other proteases produce other fragments such as C3d or C3g. C3a is further processed by carboxypeptidases to release the C-terminal arginine residue generating the acylation stimulating protein (ASP). Levels of ASP are increased in adipocytes in the postprandial period and by dietary chylomicrons.
messages: Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C3, C3a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. In chronic inflammation, acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils (By similarity). It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes. The short isoform has B-cell stimulatory activity.
messages: Null mice displayed altered lipid metabolism and morphological changes in adipocyte distribution. There is reduced adipsin/CFD expression, increased number of smaller fat cells, decreased DGAT1 expression and activity, and less triglyceride storage capacity associated with delayed postprandial clearance. Mice on a high-fat diet exihibited no diet-induced up-regulation of adipsin/CFD expression nor adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Smarca2
gene id: 10090:Smarca2
uniprot id: F2Z4A9
uniprot id: H3BLH0
uniprot id: Q6DIC0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Component of the multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF: SWI/SNF-A (BAF), SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) and related complexes. The canonical complex contains a catalytic subunit (either SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A or SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B) and at least SMARCE1, ACTL6A/BAF53, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, and SMARCB1/SNF5/BAF47. Other subunits specific to each of the complexes may also be present permitting several possible combinations developmentally and tissue specific (Probable). Component of the BAF complex, which includes at least actin (ACTB), ARID1A/BAF250A, ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCA2/BRM, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, ACTL6A/BAF53, ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/SNF5/INI1, and one or more SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, or SMARCD3/BAF60C (By similarity). In muscle cells, the BAF complex also contains DPF3 (By similarity). Component of neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, PHF10/BAF45A, ACTL6A/BAF53A and actin. Component of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, DPF1/BAF45B, DPF3/BAF45C, ACTL6B/BAF53B and actin (PubMed:17640523). Interacts with PHF10/BAF45A (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPB (when not methylated) (PubMed:20111005). Interacts with TOPBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPA (when phosphorylated) (PubMed:15107404). Interacts with DPF2 (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: During apoptosis, cleaved by cathepsin CTSG to produce a 160 kDa cleavage product which localizes to the cytosol.
messages: Expressed in the cortex and the hippocampus. Expressed in the cortical plate in the embryo.
messages: Impaired social interaction and prepulse inhibition.
messages: Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Binds DNA non-specifically (PubMed:22952240, PubMed:26601204). Belongs to the neural progenitors-specific chromatin remodeling complex (npBAF complex) and the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex). During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated.

10090:Krt8
gene id: 10090:Krt8
uniprot id: P11679
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in abundance in the epithelia of colon, bladder, ileum, and stomach, with lower expression observed in earskin (at protein level). Also expressed in pancreas, liver, dudenum and jejunum.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins (PubMed:24940650). Forms a heterodimer with KRT18 (PubMed:24940650). Associates with KRT20 (PubMed:12857878). Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C, when in a heterodimer with KRT18 (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with PNN (By similarity). When associated with KRT19, interacts with DMD. Interacts with TCHP (By similarity). Interacts with APEX1 (By similarity). Interacts with GPER1 (By similarity). Interacts with EPPK1 (PubMed:25617501). Interacts with PKP1 and PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: O-glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated), in a cell cycle-dependent manner.
messages: O-glycosylated. O-GlcNAcylation at multiple sites increases solubility, and decreases stability by inducing proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation on serine residues is enhanced during EGF stimulation and mitosis. Ser-80 phosphorylation plays an important role in keratin filament reorganization (By similarity).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).
messages: Together with KRT19, helps to link the contractile apparatus to dystrophin at the costameres of striated muscle.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Hoxb7
gene id: 10090:Hoxb7
uniprot id: P09024
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Forms a DNA-binding heterodimer with transcription factor PBX1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Hormad2
gene id: 10090:Hormad2
uniprot id: Q5SQP1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Essential for synapsis surveillance during meiotic prophase via the recruitment of ATR activity. Plays a key role in the male mid-pachytene checkpoint and the female meiotic prophase checkpoint: required for efficient build-up of ATR activity on unsynapsed chromosome regions, a process believed to form the basis of meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC) and meiotic prophase quality control in both sexes. Required for the DNA double-strand break-independent, BRCA1-dependent activation of ATR on the sex chromosomes that is essential for normal sex body formation.
messages: Interacts with HORMAD1.
messages: Male mice are infertile due to spermatocyte loss as a result of characteristic impairment of sex body formation. Spermatocyte apoptosis is confined to the stage IV seminiferous tubules. In contrast to males, female mice are fertile.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in a SPO11-dependent manner.
messages: Specifically expressed in meiotic germ cells.

10090:Nop2
gene id: 10090:Nop2
uniprot id: E9QN31
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ckap2l
gene id: 10090:Ckap2l
uniprot id: Q7TS74
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 dpc, strongly expressed in the neural progenitor cells throughout the neural tube and in the myotome. Expression is significantly lower in connective tissues compared to neural tube, but can be detected at the mitotic spindles of dividing mesenchymal cells loosely distributed in the developing limb bud. In an 12.5 dpc forelimb bud, detected in the dividing cells at the boundary region between protruding cartilage and surrounding mesenchyme (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the CKAP2 family.
messages: Highly expressed in regions of active neurogenesis and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs), both embryonic and adult, not detected in lung, liver, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Microtubule-associated protein required for mitotic spindle formation and cell-cycle progression in neural progenitor cells.
messages: The KEN box is required for the association with the APC/C-Cdh1 complex, ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C).
messages: spindle pole

10090:Nek7
gene id: 10090:Nek7
uniprot id: Q3TN15
uniprot id: Q9ES74
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. NEK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIMA subfamily.
messages: Binding to NEK9 stimulates its activity by releasing the autoinhibitory function of Tyr-97.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Displays an autoinhibited conformation: Tyr-97 side chain points into the active site, interacts with the activation loop, and blocks the alphaC helix. The autoinhibitory conformation is released upon binding with NEK9.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with NEK9 (By similarity). Interacts with ANKS3; this interaction alters the subcellular distribution of NEK7 by preventing its nuclear translocation (PubMed:26188091). Interacts (via N-terminus) with NLRP3 (via LRR repeat domain); the interaction is required for the formation of the complex NLRP3:PYCARD, oligomerization of PYCARD and activation of CASP1 (PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26642356).
messages: Mutant mice are viable but are born at sub-Mendelian ratios. They further suffer from severe growth retardation, infertility, abnormal gait and slight paralysis of the limbs. In an experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) model, mutant mice exhibited reduced disease severity relative to wild-type mice, as well as reduced recruitment of lymphocytes, monocytes/microglia, and NK cells to the spinal cord.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-195 required for its activation.
messages: Protein kinase which plays an important role in mitotic cell cycle progression. Required for microtubule nucleation activity of the centrosome, robust mitotic spindle formation and cytokinesis (PubMed:20473324). Phosphorylates RPS6KB1 (By similarity). Phosphorylates EML4 at 'Ser-146', promoting its dissociation from microtubules during mitosis which is required for efficient chromosome congression (By similarity). Essential protein for NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation that acts downstream stimuli such as K(+) efflux. Dispensable for the induction of core inflammasome components, but necessary for subsequent formation of the NLRP3:PYCARD complex, and activation of CASP1. Serves as a cellular switch that enforces mutual exclusivity of the inflammasome response and cell division. Exerts its effects on the NLRP3 inflammasome independently of its kinase activity (PubMed:26814970, PubMed:26642356).
messages: The NTE (N-terminal extension) motif is a structural component of the catalytic domain and thus contributes to activity.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Adgrb1
gene id: 10090:Adgrb1
uniprot id: Q3UHD1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. LN-TM7 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In brain, widespread expression in all neuropil-rich zones including spinal cord gray matter, cerebellar molecular layer, cerebral cortex, thalamic nuclei and basal ganglia with no expression in white matter (at protein level) (PubMed:20888903). In the cerebellar molecular layer, highly expressed in interneuron processes whereas Purkinje cells and their dendrites show weaker expression (at protein level) (PubMed:20888903). In the olfactory bulb, highly expressed in glomeruli (at protein level) (PubMed:20888903). In the retina, highly concentrated in the outer and inner plexiform layers (at protein level) (PubMed:20888903). Expressed in brain (PubMed:11245925). Enriched in hippocampus and cortex (PubMed:23595754). Also detected in other tissues including bone marrow and spleen (PubMed:17960134).
messages: Inhibits angiogenesis in a CD36-dependent manner.
messages: Inhibits angiogenesis.
messages: Interacts with ELMO1 and DOCK1 (PubMed:17960134). When bound to ELMO1 and DOCK1, acts as a module to promote apoptotic cell engulfment (PubMed:17960134). Interacts with MDM2; the interaction results in inhibition of MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of DLG4/PSD95 (PubMed:25751059). Interacts with PARD3 and TIAM1; the interaction is required for correct dendritic localization of PARD3 and TIAM1 and for dendritic spine formation (By similarity). Interacts with MAGI1, MAGI3 and BAIAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PHYHIP (PubMed:11245925). Interacts with DLG4 (via PDZ domain) (By similarity). Vasculostatin-120: Interacts with CD36 (By similarity). Vasculostatin-120: Interacts with ARRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with BAIAP3; this interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Observed very weakly in the kidney, skeletal muscle, skin, stomach, thymus and brain from embryonic day 18. By neonatal day 1, the expression is targeted only to the brain.
messages: Phosphatidylserine receptor which enhances the engulfment of apoptotic cells (PubMed:17960134). Also mediates the binding and engulfment of Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:21245295, PubMed:26838550, PubMed:26838550). Stimulates production of reactive oxygen species by macrophages in response to Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in enhanced microbicidal macrophage activity (By similarity). In the gastric mucosa, required for recognition and engulfment of apoptotic gastric epithelial cells (By similarity). Promotes myoblast fusion (PubMed:23615608). Activates the Rho pathway in a G-protein-dependent manner (By similarity). Inhibits MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of DLG4/PSD95, promoting DLG4 stability and regulating synaptic plasticity (PubMed:25751059). Required for the formation of dendritic spines by ensuring the correct localization of PARD3 and TIAM1 (By similarity). Potent inhibitor of angiogenesis in brain and may play a significant role as a mediator of the p53/TP53 signal in suppression of glioblastoma (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Proteolytically cleaved to produce vasculostatin-40 and vasculostatin-120. Vasculostatin-40 is the major form and is produced through proteolytic cleavage by MMP14 between residues 321 and 329 with cleavage likely to be between Ser-326 and Leu-327.
messages: Secreted
messages: The TSP type-1 repeats in the extracellular domain mediate binding to phosphatidylserine (PubMed:17960134). They are also required for bacterial recognition and binding to bacterial outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:21245295).
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: Viable and fertile with normal brain anatomy but mutants display severe deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory that are accompanied by enhanced long-term potentiation, impaired long-term depression, a thinning of the postsynaptic density at hippocampal synapses, reduced protein levels of Dlg4 and increased Dlg4 polyubiquitination (PubMed:25751059). Smaller myofibers than wild-type animals and impaired muscle regeneration after injury (PubMed:23615608). Impaired bacterial clearance following E.coli infection (PubMed:26838550). RNAi-mediated knockdown in embryos results in greatly reduced dendritic spine density and small but significant increases in spine length and decreases in spine diameter (PubMed:23595754).
messages: dendritic spine
messages: focal adhesion
messages: phagocytic cup

10090:Vps18
gene id: 10090:Vps18
uniprot id: Q8R307
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS18 family.
messages: Core component of at least two putative endosomal tethering complexes, the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex and the class C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) complex. Their common core is composed of the class C Vps proteins VPS11, VPS16, VPS18 and VPS33A, which in HOPS further associates with VPS39 and VPS41 and in CORVET with VPS8 and TGFBRAP1. Interacts with RAB5C (PubMed:25266290). Interacts with HOOK1 (PubMed:14668490). Interacts with STX7, MON1B (By similarity). Associates with adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) and clathrin:AP-3 complexes (PubMed:21411634). Interacts with SYNPO2 (By similarity). Interacts with PLEKHM1 (By similarity).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which are proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late endosomal membrane and to regulate late endocytic, phagocytic and autophagic traffic towards lysosomes. The CORVET complex is proposed to function as a Rab5 effector to mediate early endosome fusion probably in specific endosome subpopulations (By similarity). Required for fusion of endosomes and autophagosomes with lysosomes (PubMed:14517315, PubMed:22854957). Involved in dendrite development of Pukinje cells (PubMed:22699122).
messages: autophagosome
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle

10090:Xpc
gene id: 10090:Xpc
uniprot id: P51612
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the XPC family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the XPC complex composed of XPC, RAD23B and CETN2. Interacts with RAD23A; the interaction is suggesting the existence of a functional equivalent variant XPC complex. Interacts with TDG; the interaction is demonstrated using the XPC:RAD23B dimer. Interacts with SMUG1; the interaction is demonstrated using the XPC:RAD23B dimer. Interacts with DDB2. Interacts with CCNH, GTF2H1 and ERCC3. Interacts with E2F1 and KAT2A; leading to KAT2A recruitment to promoters and subsequent acetylation of histones.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In absence of DNA repair, the XPC complex also acts as a transcription coactivator: XPC interacts with the DNA-binding transcription factor E2F1 at a subset of promoters to recruit KAT2A and histone acetyltransferase complexes (HAT). KAT2A recruitment specifically promotes acetylation of histone variant H2A.Z.1/H2A.Z, but not H2A.Z.2/H2A.V, thereby promoting expression of target genes.
messages: Involved in global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER) by acting as damage sensing and DNA-binding factor component of the XPC complex. Has only a low DNA repair activity by itself which is stimulated by RAD23B and RAD23A. Has a preference to bind DNA containing a short single-stranded segment but not to damaged oligonucleotides. This feature is proposed to be related to a dynamic sensor function: XPC can rapidly screen duplex DNA for non-hydrogen-bonded bases by forming a transient nucleoprotein intermediate complex which matures into a stable recognition complex through an intrinsic single-stranded DNA-binding activity. The XPC complex is proposed to represent the first factor bound at the sites of DNA damage and together with other core recognition factors, XPA, RPA and the TFIIH complex, is part of the pre-incision (or initial recognition) complex. The XPC complex recognizes a wide spectrum of damaged DNA characterized by distortions of the DNA helix such as single-stranded loops, mismatched bubbles or single-stranded overhangs. The orientation of XPC complex binding appears to be crucial for inducing a productive NER. XPC complex is proposed to recognize and to interact with unpaired bases on the undamaged DNA strand which is followed by recruitment of the TFIIH complex and subsequent scanning for lesions in the opposite strand in a 5'-to-3' direction by the NER machinery. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) which are formed upon UV-induced DNA damage esacpe detection by the XPC complex due to a low degree of structural perurbation. Instead they are detected by the UV-DDB complex which in turn recruits and cooperates with the XPC complex in the respective DNA repair. In vitro, the XPC:RAD23B dimer is sufficient to initiate NER; it preferentially binds to cisplatin and UV-damaged double-stranded DNA and also binds to a variety of chemically and structurally diverse DNA adducts. XPC:RAD23B contacts DNA both 5' and 3' of a cisplatin lesion with a preferenc…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated; sumoylation promotes ubiquitination by RNF111.
messages: Ubiquitinated upon UV irradiation; the ubiquitination requires the UV-DDB complex, appears to be reversible and does not serve as a signal for degradation. Ubiquitinated by RNF11 via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination. Ubiquitination by RNF111 is polysumoylation-dependent and promotes nucleotide excision repair.

10090:H2bc9
gene id: 10090:H2bc9
uniprot id: Q64478
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Npm1
gene id: 10090:Npm1
uniprot id: Q5BL09
uniprot id: Q5SQB7
uniprot id: Q61937
uniprot id: Q9DAY9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ADP-ribosylated.
messages: Acetylated at C-terminal lysine residues, thereby increasing affinity to histones.
messages: Belongs to the nucleoplasmin family.
messages: Decamer formed by two pentameric rings associated in a head-to-head fashion. Disulfide-linked dimers under certain conditions. Interacts with NSUN2 and SENP3 (By similarity). The SWAP complex consists of NPM1, NCL, PARP1 and SWAP70. Interacts with the methylated form of RPS10. Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with APEX1; the interaction is RNA-dependent and decreases peroxide-damaged cells. Interacts with NEK2. Interacts with ROCK2 and BRCA2 (By similarity). Interacts with RPGR. Interacts with CENPW (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR. Interacts with DDX31; this interaction prevents interaction between NPM1 and HDM2 (By similarity). Interacts with MYC; competitive with NOP53. Interacts with NOP53; the interaction is direct and competitive with MYC (By similarity). Interacts with LRRC34 (PubMed:24991885). Interacts with RRP1B (By similarity). Interacts with NPM3 (By similarity). Interacts with ALKBH2. Interacts with TTF1 (via C-terminal region) (PubMed:20513429).
messages: Expressed in B-cells that have been induced to switch to various Ig isotypes.
messages: Involved in diverse cellular processes such as ribosome biogenesis, centrosome duplication, protein chaperoning, histone assembly, cell proliferation, and regulation of tumor suppressors p53/TP53 and ARF. Binds ribosome presumably to drive ribosome nuclear export. Associated with nucleolar ribonucleoprotein structures and bind single-stranded nucleic acids. Acts as a chaperonin for the core histones H3, H2B and H4. Stimulates APEX1 endonuclease activity on apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) double-stranded DNA but inhibits APEX1 endonuclease activity on AP single-stranded RNA. May exert a control of APEX1 endonuclease activity within nucleoli devoted to repair AP on rDNA and the removal of oxidized rRNA molecules. In concert with BRCA2, regulates centrosome duplication. Regulates centriole duplication: phosphorylation by PLK2 is able to trigger centriole replication. Negatively regulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR and suppresses apoptosis through inhibition of EIF2AK2/PKR autophosphorylation. Antagonizes the inhibitory effect of ATF5 on cell proliferation and relieves ATF5-induced G2/M blockade. In complex with MYC enhances the transcription of MYC target genes. May act as chaperonin or cotransporter in the nucleolar localization of transcription termination factor TTF1 (PubMed:20513429).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-4 by PLK1 and PLK2. Phosphorylation at Ser-4 by PLK2 in S phase is required for centriole duplication and is sufficient to trigger centriole replication. Phosphorylation at Ser-4 by PLK1 takes place during mitosis. Phosphorylated by CDK2 at Ser-125 and Thr-198. Phosphorylation at Thr-198 may trigger initiation of centrosome duplication. Phosphorylated by CDK1 at Thr-198, Thr-217, Thr-232 and Thr-235 during cell mitosis. When these four sites are phosphorated, RNA-binding activity seem to be abolished. May be phosphorylated at Ser-70 by NEK2. The Thr-198 phosphorylated form has higher affinity for ROCK2 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated by ARF.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination leads to proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinated by USP36.
messages: centrosome
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Zmym5
gene id: 10090:Zmym5
uniprot id: Q3U2E2
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Functions as a transcriptional regulator.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminal 120 amino acid region) with ETV5 (via C-terminal).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sec24a
gene id: 10090:Sec24a
uniprot id: A2AA71
uniprot id: Q3U2P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SEC23/SEC24 family. SEC24 subfamily.
messages: COPII is composed of at least five proteins: the Sec23/24 complex, the Sec13/31 complex and Sar1. Interacts with TMED2. Interacts (as part of the Sec23/24 complex) with SEC22B; recruits SEC22B into COPII-coated vesicles for its transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi (By similarity). Interacts with STING1; promoting STING1 translocation to COPII vesicles in a STEEP1-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with SACM1L; this interaction is reduced in the absence of TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with kinase FAM20C; transport of FAM20C from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi is likely to be mediated by COPII vesicles (By similarity).
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Component of the coat protein complex II (COPII) which promotes the formation of transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The coat has two main functions, the physical deformation of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane into vesicles and the selection of cargo molecules for their transport to the Golgi complex. Plays a central role in cargo selection within the COPII complex and together with SEC24B may have a different specificity compared to SEC24C and SEC24D. May package preferentially cargos with cytoplasmic DxE or LxxLE motifs and may also recognize conformational epitopes.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Magee1
gene id: 10090:Magee1
uniprot id: Q6PCZ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in cell bodies and dendrites of hippocampal and Purkinje neurons. Also expressed in peripheral nerve, where it localizes to the perineurium and myelin (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in brain and at low levels in the heart, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, lung, thymus, placenta and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with DTNA. Interacts with TRIM28 (By similarity).
messages: May enhance ubiquitin ligase activity of RING-type zinc finger-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases. Proposed to act through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Serpina1d
gene id: 10090:Serpina1d
uniprot id: Q00897
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Inhibitor of serine proteases. Can inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin; relatively ineffective against elastase.
messages: Murine alpha-1-antitrypsin is represented by a cluster of up to 6 individual Serpina1-related genes. The precise complement of Serpina1-related genes present varies according to the strain of the animal.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina1-related genes may determine target protease specificity.

10090:Ifrd1
gene id: 10090:Ifrd1
uniprot id: P19182
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IFRD family.
messages: By mitogens such as TPA in 373 cells and by nerve growth factor in PC12 pheochromocytoma cells.
messages: Could play a role in regulating gene activity in the proliferative and/or differentiative pathways induced by NGF. May be an autocrine factor that attenuates or amplifies the initial ligand-induced signal.
messages: Interacts with PSIP1/LEDGF.
messages: Was originally thought to be interferon beta-2.

10090:Pramel50
gene id: 10090:Pramel50
uniprot id: Q6P8K3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Raet1e
gene id: 10090:Raet1e
uniprot id: D7F2B6
uniprot id: Q9CZQ6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a ligand for KLRK1.
messages: Belongs to the NKG2D ligand family.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ager
gene id: 10090:Ager
uniprot id: Q62151
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulates receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE)-ligand induced signaling through various MAPK pathways including ERK1/2, p38 and SAPK/JNK. Significantly affects tumor cell properties through decreasing cell migration, invasion, adhesion and proliferation, and increasing cellular apoptosis. Exhibits drastic inhibition on tumorigenesis in vitro.
messages: Interacts with S100B, S100A1 and S100A14. Constitutive homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with S100A12 and APP.
messages: Is able to advanced glycosylation end product (AGE)-induce nuclear factor NF-kappa-B activation.
messages: Isoform 1: Expressed at higher levels in the coronary arterioles in type 2 diabetic mice (at protein level). Endothelial cells (PubMed:18539754). Expressed in lung, kidney, brain and heart. Most prevalent isoform with the highest level in heart (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 2: Expressed in brain, lung, kidney and small intestine with the highest level in lung. Expressed in brain, lung, kidney and small intestine with the highest level in small intestine (at protein level). Detected in neurons of the cerebrum, bronchial epithelium, endothelial cells, tubular cells of kidney and epithelial cells of small intestine (at protein level). Expression is increased in the kidney of diabetic wild-type mice (at protein level), but not in the other tissues (PubMed:16503878). Expressed only in kidney. Expression is increased in the kidney of diabetic mice (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 3: Expressed in lung, kidney and heart. The second most prevalent isoform with the highest level in lung. Not expressed in brain (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 4: Expressed at very low level in lung only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 5: Expressed at very low level in lung only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 6: Expressed at very low level in lung only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 7: Expressed at very low level in heart only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 8: Expressed at very low level in lung only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 9: Expressed at very low level in heart only (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 10: Expressed in lung, brain, heart and kidney with a very high level in kidney (PubMed:24260107). Isoform 11: Expressed in brain, kidney and heart. Not expressed in lung (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 12: Expressed at very low level in lung and kidney (PubMed:19164451). Isoform 13: Expressed at very low level in lung only (PubMed:19164451).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Mediates interactions of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE). These are nonenzymatically glycosylated proteins which accumulate in vascular tissue in aging and at an accelerated rate in diabetes. Acts as a mediator of both acute and chronic vascular inflammation in conditions such as atherosclerosis and in particular as a complication of diabetes. AGE/RAGE signaling plays an important role in regulating the production/expression of TNF-alpha, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Interaction with S100A12 on endothelium, mononuclear phagocytes, and lymphocytes triggers cellular activation, with generation of key pro-inflammatory mediators. Interaction with S100B after myocardial infarction may play a role in myocyte apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 and p53/TP53 signaling. Can also bind oligonucleotides. Receptor for amyloid beta peptide. Contributes to the translocation of amyloid-beta peptide (ABPP) across the cell membrane from the extracellular to the intracellular space in cortical neurons. ABPP-initiated RAGE signaling, especially stimulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), has the capacity to drive a transport system delivering ABPP as a complex with RAGE to the intraneuronal space. RAGE-dependent signaling in microglia contributes to neuroinflammation, amyloid accumulation, and impaired learning/memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted

10090:Olfr1229
gene id: 10090:Olfr1229
uniprot id: Q7TQZ9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Znfx1
gene id: 10090:Znfx1
uniprot id: Q8R151
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ZNFX1 family.
messages: By interferons (IFNs) (PubMed:31685995). Expression is induced upon viral infection (PubMed:31685995).
messages: Interacts with MAVS.
messages: Mice are viable without obvious physiological or behavioral abnormalities (PubMed:31685995). They however display impaired innate immune responses against RNA virus infection by producing less type I interferons (IFNs) (PubMed:31685995).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: RNA-binding protein that initiates the antiviral response and is required to restrict the replication of RNA viruses (PubMed:31685995). Acts as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor that recognizes viral RNA and then interacts with MAVS to initiate the type I interferon response (PubMed:31685995). Also required for immunity against some bacteria, such as mycobacteria (By similarity).
messages: Stress granule

10090:Cdc42
gene id: 10090:Cdc42
uniprot id: P60766
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. CDC42 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CDC42EP1, CDC42EP2, CDC42EP3, CDC42EP4, CDC42EP5, CDC42SE1, CDC42SE2, PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G (in a GTP-dependent manner) (PubMed:10490598, PubMed:10934474). Interacts with activated CSPG4 and with BAIAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK11/Zizimin2; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:15710388, PubMed:16968698). Interacts with DOCK9; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK8 (via DHR-2 domain); the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:22461490). Interacts with IQGAP1 (PubMed:16968698). Interacts with NET1 and ARHGAP33/TCGAP (PubMed:9535835, PubMed:12773384). Part of a complex with PARD3, PARD6A or PARD6B and PRKCI or PRKCZ (PubMed:10934474). The GTP-bound form interacts with CCPG1 (PubMed:17000758). Interacts with USP6 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Part of a collagen stimulated complex involved in cell migration composed of CDC42, CRK, TNK2 and BCAR1/p130cas (By similarity). Interacts with ITGB1BP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGDIA; this interaction inactivates and stabilizes CDC42. Interacts with ARHGDIB; this maintains CDC42 in the inactive, GDP-bound form (By similarity). Interacts in (GTP-bound form) with FNBP1L and ABI1, but only in the presence of FNBP1L (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Phosphorylated by SRC in an EGF-dependent manner, this stimulates the binding of the Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor RhoGDI.
messages: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and an inactive GDP-bound state (PubMed:24352656). In its active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Involved in epithelial cell polarization processes. Regulates the bipolar attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochores before chromosome congression in metaphase. Regulates cell migration (By similarity). In neurons, plays a role in the extension and maintenance of the formation of filopodia, thin and actin-rich surface projections. Required for DOCK10-mediated spine formation in Purkinje cells and hippocampal neurons (PubMed:25851601). Facilitates filopodia formation upon DOCK11-activation (PubMed:22494997). Upon activation by CaMKII, modulates dendritic spine structural plasticity by relaying CaMKII transient activation to synapse-specific, long-term signaling (By similarity). Also plays a role in phagocytosis through organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton associated with forming phagocytic cups (By similarity).
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase. Inhibited by GAPs such as ARHGAP44 (PubMed:24352656, PubMed:26969129).
messages: centrosome
messages: dendrite
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: spindle

10090:Vmn2r37
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r37
uniprot id: F8VQD3
uniprot id: O35202
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mrgprb2
gene id: 10090:Mrgprb2
uniprot id: Q3KNA1
uniprot id: W8W3G3
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In spite of its official gene name, this protein may be the functional ortholog of human MRGPRX2, in terms of expression pattern and pharmacology.
messages: Mast cell-specific receptor for basic secretagogues, i.e. cationic amphiphilic drugs, as well as endo- or exogenous peptides, consisting of a basic head group and a hydrophobic core. Recognizes and binds small molecules containing a cyclized tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ), such as non-steroidal neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs), including tubocurarine and atracurium. In response to these compounds, mediates pseudo-allergic reactions characterized by histamine release, inflammation and airway contraction (PubMed:25517090).
messages: Mast cell-specific.
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype in normal conditions. Absence of pseudo-allergic reactions in response to small-molecule therapeutic drugs: secretagogue-induced histamine release, inflammation and airway contraction are abolished.

10090:Shbg
gene id: 10090:Shbg
uniprot id: A0A158SIS9
uniprot id: P97497
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Prrx1
gene id: 10090:Prrx1
uniprot id: G3UZ44
uniprot id: P63013
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional regulator of muscle creatine kinase (MCK) and so has a role in the establishment of diverse mesodermal muscle types. The protein binds to an A/T-rich element in the muscle creatine enhancer.
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family.
messages: Expressed during cardiogenesis.
messages: Expressed exclusively in mesodermally derived cell types. During embryogenesis, highest levels of expression are found in the mesenchyme and precartilage elements of the face and hind limbs. In the adult, expression is restricted to skeletal muscle, heart and uterus.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cmc4
gene id: 10090:Cmc4
uniprot id: A3KGA5
uniprot id: Q61908
names: Domain
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CMC4 family.
messages: Expressed in many tissues.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Shares a non-coding 5' exon with isoform 2 which is spliced to a different set of 3' exons encoding an unrelated protein.
messages: The twin Cx9C motifs are involved in the recognition by the mitochondrial disulfide relay system.

10090:Clasrp
gene id: 10090:Clasrp
uniprot id: Q8CFC7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Expressed at intermediate level in lung and liver. In brain, it is expressed in the hippocampus, cerebellum and olfactory bulb.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-16 is the initiator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by CLK4.
messages: Probably functions as an alternative splicing regulator. May regulate the mRNA splicing of genes such as CLK1. May act by regulating members of the CLK kinase family.
messages: Probably interacts with CLK4.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Slc25a34
gene id: 10090:Slc25a34
uniprot id: A2ADF7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ate1
gene id: 10090:Ate1
uniprot id: A0A1L1SQ41
uniprot id: J3QNU1
uniprot id: Q4FCQ6
uniprot id: Q4FCQ7
uniprot id: Q80YP1
uniprot id: Q9Z2A5
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the R-transferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in the post-translational conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein. This arginylation is required for degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway.
messages: Involved in the post-translational conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein. This arginylation is required for degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway. Does not arginylate cysteine residues.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with LIAT1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Shows significantly higher activity than isoform ATE1-2.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Rab3gap2
gene id: 10090:Rab3gap2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YWM5
uniprot id: E9QKE4
uniprot id: Q8BMG7
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Rab3-GAP regulatory subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Regulatory subunit of the Rab3 GTPase-activating (Rab3GAP) complex composed of Rab3gap1 and Rab3gap2, which has GTPase-activating protein (GAP) activity towards various Rab3 subfamily members (RAB3A, RAB3B, RAB3C and RAB3D), RAB5A and RAB43, and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity towards RAB18 (By similarity). As part of the Rab3GAP complex, acts as a GAP for Rab3 proteins by converting active RAB3-GTP to the inactive form RAB3-GDP (By similarity). Rab3 proteins are involved in regulated exocytosis of neurotransmitters and hormones (By similarity). The Rab3GAP complex, acts as a GEF for RAB18 by promoting the conversion of inactive RAB18-GDP to the active form RAB18-GTP (By similarity). Required for recruiting and activating RAB18 at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane where it maintains proper ER structure (By similarity). Required for normal eye and brain development (By similarity). May participate in neurodevelopmental processes such as proliferation, migration and differentiation before synapse formation, and non-synaptic vesicular release of neurotransmitters (By similarity).
messages: The Rab3 GTPase-activating complex is a heterodimer composed of Rab3gap1 and Rab3gap2 (By similarity). The Rab3 GTPase-activating complex interacts with DMXL2 (By similarity). Interacts with LMAN1 (By similarity).
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:Hnmt
gene id: 10090:Hnmt
uniprot id: A2AQK4
uniprot id: Q91VF2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. HNMT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inactivates histamine by N-methylation. Plays an important role in degrading histamine and in regulating the airway response to histamine.
messages: Monomer.

10090:Cyp24a1
gene id: 10090:Cyp24a1
uniprot id: Q3TWW0
uniprot id: Q64441
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase with a key role in vitamin D catabolism and calcium homeostasis. Via C24-oxidation pathway, catalyzes the inactivation of both the vitamin D precursor calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)) and the active hormone calcitriol (1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)). With initial hydroxylation at C-24 (via C24-oxidation pathway), performs a sequential 6-step oxidation of calcitriol leading to the formation of the biliary metabolite calcitroic acid. Hydroxylates at C-24 or C-25 other vitamin D active metabolites, such as CYP11A1-derived secosteroids 20S-hydroxycholecalciferol and 20S,23-dihydroxycholecalciferol. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via FDXR/adrenodoxin reductase and FDX1/adrenodoxin.
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: By 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in kidney.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:N4bp1
gene id: 10090:N4bp1
uniprot id: Q6A037
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the N4BP1 family.
messages: Interacts with NEDD4 (PubMed:11717310). Interacts with ITCH (via WW domain 2) (PubMed:17592138).
messages: Mice are viable, fertile and grossly normal, but develop mild, age-dependent inflammation and immune dysregulation.
messages: Mono- and polyubiquitinated on the CoCUN region (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by NEDD4 (PubMed:11717310). Polyubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:20233849). Sumoylated with SUMO1, abrogating polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:20233849). Desumoylated by SENP1, leading to accumulation in PML nuclear bodies (PubMed:20233849).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Potent suppressor of cytokine production that acts as a regulator of innate immune signaling and inflammation (PubMed:32971525). Acts as a key negative regulator of select cytokine and chemokine responses elicited by TRIF-independent Toll-like receptors (TLRs), thereby limiting inflammatory cytokine responses to minor insults (PubMed:32971525). In response to more threatening pathogens, cleaved by CASP8 downstream of TLR3 or TLR4, leading to its inactivation, thereby allowing production of inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:32971525). Acts as a restriction factor against some viruses: restricts viral replication by binding to mRNA viruses and mediating their degradation via its ribonuclease activity (By similarity). Also acts as an inhibitor of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ITCH: acts by interacting with the second WW domain of ITCH, leading to compete with ITCH's substrates and impairing ubiquitination of substrates (PubMed:17592138).
messages: Proteolytic cleavage by CASP8 or MALT1 leads to its inactivation.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by CASP8 downstream of TLR3 or TLR4, leading to its inactivation (PubMed:32971525). Mainly cleaved at Asp-488 by CASP8 (PubMed:32971525). Cleaved by caspase-like protein MALT1, leading to its inactivation (By similarity).
messages: The CoCUN region mediates binding to ubiquitin. Does not interact with NEDD8.
messages: cytosol
messages: nucleolus

10090:Gabra2
gene id: 10090:Gabra2
uniprot id: P26048
uniprot id: Q544G1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by pentobarbital (By similarity). Inhibited by the antagonist bicuculline (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRA2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Heteropentamer, formed by a combination of alpha, beta, gamma, delta and rho chains (PubMed:11528422). Interacts with UBQLN1 (PubMed:11528422). Interacts with KIF21B (By similarity). Interacts with LHFPL4 (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:11528422) (By similarity). Interacts with SHISA7; interaction leads to the regulation of GABA(A) receptor trafficking, channel deactivation kinetics and pharmacology (PubMed:31601770).
messages: Ligand-gated chloride channel which is a component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:27129275). Plays an important role in the formation of functional inhibitory GABAergic synapses in addition to mediating synaptic inhibition as a GABA-gated ion channel (PubMed:27129275). The gamma2 subunit is necessary but not sufficient for a rapid formation of active synaptic contacts and the synaptogenic effect of this subunit is influenced by the type of alpha and beta subunits present in the receptor pentamer (PubMed:27129275). The alpha2/beta2/gamma2 receptor exhibits synaptogenic activity whereas the alpha2/beta3/gamma2 receptor shows very little or no synaptogenic activity (PubMed:27129275).
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The extracellular domain contributes to synaptic contact formation.
messages: dendrite

10090:Olfr1442
gene id: 10090:Olfr1442
uniprot id: Q0VEV7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Eif1a
gene id: 10090:Eif1a
uniprot id: A0A494BB95
uniprot id: Q4FJR7
uniprot id: Q60872
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eIF-1A family.
messages: Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.

10090:Il33
gene id: 10090:Il33
uniprot id: Q8BVZ5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts (in reduced form) with H.polygyrus ARI; the interaction abolishes the interaction with its primary receptor IL1RL1.
messages: Belongs to the IL-1 family. Highly divergent.
messages: By cold stress, and by infection with the fungus A.alternata and the parasite H.polygyrus.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytokine that binds to and signals through the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor which in turn activates NF-kappa-B and MAPK signaling pathways in target cells (PubMed:29045903). Involved in the maturation of Th2 cells inducing the secretion of T-helper type 2-associated cytokines. Also involved in activation of mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and natural killer cells. Acts as a chemoattractant for Th2 cells, and may function as an 'alarmin', that amplifies immune responses during tissue injury.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a 1:1:1 heterotrimeric complex with its primary high-affinity receptor IL1RL1 and the coreceptor IL1RAP. Interacts with cargo receptor TMED10; the interaction mediates the translocation from the cytoplasm into the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment) and thereby secretion.
messages: In quiescent endothelia the uncleaved form is constitutively and abundantly expressed, and acts as a chromatin-associated nuclear factor with transcriptional repressor properties, it may sequester nuclear NF-kappaB/RELA, lowering expression of its targets. This form is rapidely lost upon angiogenic or pro-inflammatory activation.
messages: Intraperitoneal injections of IL-33 induce the expression of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 and lead to severe pathological changes in mucosal organs.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted
messages: The full-length protein can be released from cells and is able to signal via the IL1RL1/ST2 receptor. However, proteolytic processing by CSTG/cathepsin G and ELANE/neutrophil elastase produces C-terminal peptides that are more active than the unprocessed full-length protein. May also be proteolytically processed by calpains. Proteolytic cleavage mediated by apoptotic caspases including CASP3 and CASP7 results in IL33 inactivation. In vitro proteolytic cleavage by CASP1 was reported (PubMed:16286016) but could not be confirmed in vivo (PubMed:19465481) suggesting that IL33 is probably not a direct substrate for that caspase.
messages: The homeodomain-like HTH domain mediates nuclear localization and heterochromatin association.
messages: secretory vesicle

10090:Ccl28
gene id: 10090:Ccl28
uniprot id: Q9JIL2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Chemotactic for resting CD4, CD8 T-cells and eosinophils (By similarity). Binds to CCR10 and induces calcium mobilization in a dose-dependent manner.
messages: Mainly expressed in testis, epithelial cells of normal colon, kidney, Peyer patches, lymph nodes. Also found in lower levels in brain, spleen and lung.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mccc1
gene id: 10090:Mccc1
uniprot id: Q99MR8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated.
messages: Biotin-attachment subunit of the 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA to 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA, a critical step for leucine and isovaleric acid catabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Probably a dodecamer composed of six biotin-containing alpha subunits (MCCC1) and six beta (MCCC2) subunits (By similarity). Interacts (via the biotin carboxylation domain) with SIRT4 (PubMed:23438705).

10090:Ero1a
gene id: 10090:Ero1a
uniprot id: Q4FK57
uniprot id: Q8R180
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EROs family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Enzyme activity is tightly regulated to prevent the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the endoplasmic reticulum. Reversibly down-regulated by the formation of disulfide bonds between the active site Cys-94 and Cys-130, and between Cys-99 and Cys-104. Glutathione may be required to regulate its activity in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus lumen
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Oxidoreductase involved in disulfide bond formation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Efficiently reoxidizes P4HB/PDI, the enzyme catalyzing protein disulfide formation, in order to allow P4HB to sustain additional rounds of disulfide formation. Following P4HB reoxidation, passes its electrons to molecular oxygen via FAD, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell. Required for the proper folding of immunoglobulins (By similarity). Plays an important role in ER stress-induced, CHOP-dependent apoptosis by activating the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor IP3R1.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-144 by FAM20C in the Golgi which increases its enzymatic activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation is induced by lactation (PubMed:29858230). It is also induced by hypoxia and reductive stress (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly monomer. May function both as a monomer and a homodimer. Interacts with PDILT. Interacts with ERP44; the interaction results in retention of ERO1A in the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Secreted
messages: Stimulated by hypoxia; suggesting that it is regulated via the HIF-pathway. By ER stress in a DDIT3/CHOP-dependent manner.
messages: The Cys-94/Cys-99 and Cys-390/Cys-393 disulfide bonds constitute the redox-active center. The Cys-94/Cys-99 disulfide bond may accept electron from P4HB and funnel them to the active site disulfide Cys-390/Cys-393. The regulatory Cys-99/Cys-104 disulfide bond stabilizes the other regulatory bond Cys-94/Cys-130 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level) (PubMed:20308425). In the mammary gland, expressed at higher levels in lactating mice than in virgin mice (at protein level) (PubMed:29858230).
messages: dendrite

10090:Dedd
gene id: 10090:Dedd
uniprot id: Q3U001
uniprot id: Q9Z1L3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A scaffold protein that directs CASP3 to certain substrates and facilitates their ordered degradation during apoptosis. May also play a role in mediating CASP3 cleavage of KRT18. Regulates degradation of intermediate filaments during apoptosis. May play a role in the general transcription machinery in the nucleus and might be an important regulator of the activity of GTF3C3 (By similarity). Inhibits DNA transcription in vitro.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exists predominantly in a mono- or diubiquitinated form.
messages: Interacts with CASP8, CASP10, KRT8, KRT18, CASP3 and FADD. Homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with DEDD2 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tnfsf8
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf8
uniprot id: P32972
uniprot id: Q544U1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF8/CD30. Induces proliferation of T-cells.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc39a12
gene id: 10090:Slc39a12
uniprot id: Q5FWH7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a zinc-influx transporter.
messages: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rorc
gene id: 10090:Rorc
uniprot id: A0A0G2JGZ6
uniprot id: A0A0R4J096
uniprot id: P51450
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Essential for thymopoiesis and the development of several secondary lymphoid tissues, including lymph nodes and Peyer's patches (PubMed:10602018, PubMed:14691482, PubMed:16148126). Required for the generation of LTi (lymphoid tissue inducer) cells. Regulates thymocyte survival through DNA-binding on ROREs of target gene promoter regions and recruitment of coactivaros via the AF-2. Also plays a key role, downstream of IL6 and TGFB and synergistically with RORA, for lineage specification of uncommitted CD4(+) T-helper (T(H)) cells into T(H)17 cells, antagonizing the T(H)1 program. Probably regulates IL17 and IL17F expression on T(H) by binding to the essential enhancer conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2) in the IL17-IL17F locus (PubMed:16990136, PubMed:18164222, PubMed:26607793). May also play a role in the pre-TCR activation cascade leading to the maturation of alpha/beta T-cells and may participate in the regulation of DNA accessibility in the TCR-J(alpha) locus (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018, PubMed:14691482, PubMed:16148126, PubMed:16990136, PubMed:18164222). Plays an indispensable role in the induction of IFN-gamma dependent anti-mycobacterial systemic immunity (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in immature Vgamma2 gamma-delta T-cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23562159). Expressed in the liver (PubMed:17666523, PubMed:22753030). Expressed in the heart (PubMed:17666523). Expressed in the kidney, jejunum, and brown adipose tissue (PubMed:22753030).
messages: Expressed in muscle and the thymus (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018). Expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, and lung (PubMed:9881970). Expressed in testes (PubMed:10602018). Not expressed in the spleen or bone marrow (PubMed:9881970).
messages: Expressed in the thymus, primarily in immature thymocytes, including Vgamma2 gamma-delta T-cells (at protein levels) (PubMed:9881970, PubMed:10602018). Also expressed in a subset of mature T(H)17 cells (PubMed:18164222). Not expressed in the spleen or bone marrow (PubMed:9881970).
messages: In 3T3-L1 cells, sharp decline at mRNA and protein levels upon induction of adipocyte differentiation. Isoform 2 is detected in the immediate vicinity of vessels among small clusters of CD45(+) cells as early as 12.5 dpc. At 16.5 dpc, isoform 2 is expressed exclusively in tight clusters of cells found in lymph node anlagen, in the submucosal region of the intestine and around central vessels in the spleen.
messages: Interacts (via AF-2 motif) with the coactivators NCOA1, NCOA2 and PPARGC1A (via LXXLL motif) (PubMed:16148126, PubMed:17476214, PubMed:21499262). Interacts with the corepressor NCOR1 (PubMed:21499262). Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:22170608). Interacts (via AF-2 motif) with PROX1 (PubMed:23723244). Interacts with FOXP3 (PubMed:18368049). Interacts with NR0B2 (PubMed:25212631).
messages: Isoform 1 expression oscillates diurnally in peripheral tissues such as liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), kidney and small intestines. Isoform 2 is induced upon antigen receptor ligation in the presence of IL6 and TGB1 (via STAT3). Induced by TGFB1 in T-cells.
messages: Mice show decreased adipocytes size and highly insulin sensitivity, leading to an improved control of circulating fatty acids. Mutants are protected from hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in the state of obesity. Loss of circadian pattern of some clock genes expression in the peripheral tissues and massive apoptosis of thymocytes. Knockout mice for isoform 2 lack all lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, as well as LTi cells. They also show a reduction of T(H)17 cells in the lamina propria by at least 10-fold to less than 1% of the T(H) cells. Mice are less susceptible to autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
messages: Nuclear receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to ROR response elements (RORE) containing a single core motif half-site 5'-AGGTCA-3' preceded by a short A-T-rich sequence. Key regulator of cellular differentiation, immunity, peripheral circadian rhythm as well as lipid, steroid, xenobiotics and glucose metabolism. Considered to have intrinsic transcriptional activity, have some natural ligands like oxysterols that act as agonists (25-hydroxycholesterol) or inverse agonists (7-oxygenated sterols), enhancing or repressing the transcriptional activity, respectively. Recruits distinct combinations of cofactors to target gene regulatory regions to modulate their transcriptional expression, depending on the tissue, time and promoter contexts (PubMed:17666523, PubMed:19381306, PubMed:19965867, PubMed:21853531, PubMed:22789990, PubMed:23723244). Regulates the circadian expression of clock genes such as CRY1, BMAL1 and NR1D1 in peripheral tissues and in a tissue-selective manner (PubMed:22753030). Competes with NR1D1 for binding to their shared DNA response element on some clock genes such as BMAL1, CRY1 and NR1D1 itself, resulting in NR1D1-mediated repression or RORC-mediated activation of the expression, leading to the circadian pattern of clock genes expression. Therefore influences the period length and stability of the clock (PubMed:22753030). Involved in the regulation of the rhythmic expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, including PLIN2 and AVPR1A. Negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation through the regulation of early phase genes expression, such as MMP3. Controls adipogenesis as well as adipocyte size and modulates insulin sensitivity in obesity. In liver, has specific and redundant functions with RORA as positive or negative modulator of expression of genes encoding phase I and Phase II proteins involved in the metabolism of lipids, steroids and xenobiotics, such as SULT1E1 (PubMed:21853531). Also plays also a role in the regulation of…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 1.
messages: The AF-2 (activation function-2) motif is required for recruiting coregulators containing LXXLL motifs such as NCOA1 and NCOA2.

10090:Cyp2a22
gene id: 10090:Cyp2a22
uniprot id: B2RXZ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Gm20807
gene id: 10090:Gm20807
uniprot id: A0A0A6YXX7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Kirrel
gene id: 10090:Kirrel
uniprot id: Q80W68
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in kidney. Specifically expressed in podocytes of kidney glomeruli.
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with TJP1/ZO-1 and with NPHS2/podocin (via the C-terminus). Interacts with NPHS1/nephrin (via the Ig-like domains); this interaction is dependent on KIRREL1 glycosylation. Homodimer (via the Ig-like domains). Interacts when tyrosine-phosphorylated with GRB2 (By similarity).
messages: Knockout of this gene results in perinatal lethality accompanied by proteinuria, and effacement of glomerular podocytes.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylation probably regulates the interaction with NPHS2. Phosphorylated at Tyr-637 and Tyr-638 by FYN, leading to GRB2 binding (By similarity).
messages: Required for proper function of the glomerular filtration barrier. It is involved in the maintenance of a stable podocyte architecture with interdigitating foot processes connected by specialized cell-cell junctions, known as the slit diaphragm (PubMed:11416156). Is a signaling protein that needs the presence of TEC kinases to fully trans-activate the transcription factor AP-1.

10090:Olfr488
gene id: 10090:Olfr488
uniprot id: Q8VG02
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Ippk
gene id: 10090:Ippk
uniprot id: A0A217FL54
uniprot id: Q6P1C1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IPK1 type 2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death during ermbryogenesis before 8.5 dpc, suggesting that InsP6 is required for yolk sac function and development.
messages: In 9 dpc embryos it is expressed in regions corresponding to the neural tube, notochord and somites. Through the neural tube, it is expressed in the ventricular zone and in migrating neuroblasts. Also expressed in the notochord and specific regions of the somite. Strongly expressed in the myotome (future skeletal muscle) of the somite. In addition to the neural tube, it is also expressed in the ventricular zone and migrating neuroblasts throughout the embryonic brain. Prominent expression is detected in the yolk sac and embryonic heart. Within the yolk sac, it is expressed in both the epithelial and endothelial layers (blood vessels) but absent from the blood islands. In the heart, it is detected in both the atrial and ventricular chambers. In the ventricular myocardium it is present in both the endocardium and myocardium. Also expressed in the cardinal vein, aorta, digestive tract, and pharyngeal arches.
messages: In brain, it is expressed throughout the hippocampus (CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus), inner layers of the cerebral cortex, and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In heart, it is expressed in cardiomyocytes but not in interstitial cells, blood vessels, or valves. Also expressed in testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 at position 2 to form Ins(1,2,3,4,5,6)P6 (InsP6 or phytate).
messages: Phosphorylates Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 at position 2 to form Ins(1,2,3,4,5,6)P6 (InsP6 or phytate). InsP6 is involved in many processes such as mRNA export, non-homologous end-joining, endocytosis, ion channel regulation. It also protects cells from TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis.
messages: The EXKPK motif is conserved in inositol-pentakisphosphate 2-kinases of both family 1 and 2.

10090:Prrt2
gene id: 10090:Prrt2
uniprot id: E9PUL5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a component of the outer core of AMPAR complex, may be involved in synaptic transmission in the central nervous system. In hippocampal neurons, in presynaptic terminals, plays an important role in the final steps of neurotransmitter release, possibly by regulating Ca(2+)-sensing (PubMed:27052163). In the cerebellum, may inhibit SNARE complex formation and down-regulate short-term facilitation (PubMed:29056747).
messages: At the mRNA level, expressed at low levels in the developing brain before 16 dpc. Expression markedly increases during early postnatal stages with a peak at P14. At this stage, expressed throughout the brain, with high levels in the cerebral cortex (cortical layers), hippocampus and cerebellum (granule cells and Purkinje cell layers). Progressively declines to relatively low levels in adulthood. At the protein level, first detected at very low levels at 17.5 dpc. Expression increases at early postnatal stages in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Expression increases to reach a plateau around P14, a period of intense synapse formation and rearrangement, and starts to slightly decrease around P90 (at protein level) (PubMed:27052163, PubMed:29056747).
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the outer core of AMPAR complex (PubMed:22632720, PubMed:25915028). AMPAR complex consists of an inner core made of 4 pore-forming GluA/GRIA proteins (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4) and 4 major auxiliary subunits arranged in a twofold symmetry. One of the two pairs of distinct binding sites is occupied either by CNIH2, CNIH3 or CACNG2, CACNG3. The other harbors CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG8 or GSG1L. This inner core of AMPAR complex is complemented by outer core constituents binding directly to the GluA/GRIA proteins at sites distinct from the interaction sites of the inner core constituents. Outer core constituents include at least PRRT1, PRRT2, CKAMP44/SHISA9, FRRS1L and NRN1. The proteins of the inner and outer core serve as a platform for other, more peripherally associated AMPAR constituents. Alone or in combination, these auxiliary subunits control the gating and pharmacology of the AMPAR complex and profoundly impact their biogenesis and protein processing (PubMed:22632720). Interacts with intersectin 1/ITSN1 (PubMed:26797119). Interacts with SNARE complex components, including SNAP25, STX1A, SYT1 and SYT2; this interaction may inhibit SNARE complex formation (PubMed:22832103, PubMed:27052163, PubMed:29056747).
messages: Mutant mice are normal at birth, but display paroxysmal movements at the onset of locomotion that persist in the adulthood. Adult animals present abnormal motor behaviors characterized by wild running and jumping in response to audiogenic stimuli that are ineffective in wild-type mice and an increased sensitivity to the convulsive effects of pentylentetrazol. Although the overall brain structure is not affected by the knockout, the thickness of the neocortex in young adult is significantly reduced in medial and caudal regions compared to their wild-type littermates. No significant differences are observed in the thickness of the CA1, CA3 and DG regions of the hippocampus, as well as for the molecular and granule layers of the cerebellum (PubMed:28007585). Mice with a conditional knockout in the central nervous system develop normally, but showed poor performance in motor coordination functions (PubMed:29056747).
messages: Neuron-specific expression throughout the brain, with the highest levels in the cerebellum, basal ganglia, hippocampus, substantia nigra, and neocortex (at protein level) (PubMed:22101681, PubMed:22243967, PubMed:22832103, PubMed:22632720, PubMed:25915028, PubMed:27052163, PubMed:27172900, PubMed:28007585, PubMed:29056747). Highly expressed also in spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:22101681, PubMed:22832103). Detected at very low levels in the heart, lung, kidney and skin (PubMed:22101681).
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: axon
messages: dendritic spine
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Olfr372
gene id: 10090:Olfr372
uniprot id: Q7TRY2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1302
gene id: 10090:Olfr1302
uniprot id: Q8VGE9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Usp13
gene id: 10090:Usp13
uniprot id: Q5BKP2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Deubiquitinase that mediates deubiquitination of target proteins such as BECN1, MITF, SKP2 and USP10 and is involved in various processes such as autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Component of a regulatory loop that controls autophagy and p53/TP53 levels: mediates deubiquitination of BECN1, a key regulator of autophagy, leading to stabilize the PIK3C3/VPS34-containing complexes. Also deubiquitinates USP10, an essential regulator of p53/TP53 stability. In turn, PIK3C3/VPS34-containing complexes regulate USP13 stability, suggesting the existence of a regulatory system by which PIK3C3/VPS34-containing complexes regulate p53/TP53 protein levels via USP10 and USP13. Recruited by nuclear UFD1 and mediates deubiquitination of SKP2, thereby regulating endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Also regulates ERAD through the deubiquitination of UBL4A a component of the BAG6/BAT3 complex. Mediates stabilization of SIAH2 independently of deubiquitinase activity: binds ubiquitinated SIAH2 and acts by impairing SIAH2 autoubiquitination. Has a weak deubiquitinase activity in vitro and preferentially cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. In contrast to USP5, it is not able to mediate unanchored polyubiquitin disassembly. Able to cleave ISG15 in vitro; however, additional experiments are required to confirm such data.
messages: Interacts with UFD1. Interacts (via UBA domains) with SIAH2 (when ubiquitinated). Interacts with BAG6; the interaction is direct and may mediate UBL4A deubiquitination. Interacts (via UBA 2 domain) with AMFR; the interaction is direct. Interacts with UBL4A; may be indirect via BAG6.
messages: Specifically inhibited by spautin-1 (specific and potent autophagy inhibitor-1), a derivative of MBCQ that binds to USP13 and inhibits deubiquitinase activity. Regulated by PIK3C3/VPS34-containing complexes. The weak deubiquitinase activity in vitro suggests the existence of some mechanism that activates the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: The UBA domains mediate binding to ubiquitin.
messages: The UBP-type zinc finger has lost its ability to bind ubiquitin and USP13 is not activated by unanchored ubiquitin.

10090:Dnajc11
gene id: 10090:Dnajc11
uniprot id: Q5U458
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and QIL1/MIC13. This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1 and MTX2 (together described as components of the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex) and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9. The MICOS and SAM complexes together with DNAJC11 are part of a large protein complex spanning both membranes termed the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex.
messages: Belongs to the DNAJC11 family.
messages: Following chemical mutagenesis predicted to give rise to a transcript subject to non-sense mediated deccay, mice exhibit an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease and abnormal mitochondrial cristae morphology.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: Required for mitochondrial inner membrane organization. Seems to function through its association with the MICOS complex and the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex.

10090:Dnali1
gene id: 10090:Dnali1
uniprot id: Q8BVN8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the inner dynein arm light chain family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Interacts with CFAP45 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNC1H1 (PubMed:16496424).
messages: May play a dynamic role in flagellar motility.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the testis, also detected at lower levels in several tissues expressing cilia (PubMed:16496424). Strongly expressed in elongating spermatid cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16496424).
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Ap1s1
gene id: 10090:Ap1s1
uniprot id: P61967
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma-type subunit AP1G1 and beta-type subunit AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP1M1 or AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP1S1 or AP1S2 or AP1S3).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in brain and embryonic stem cells.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Yae1d1
gene id: 10090:Yae1d1
uniprot id: Q9DAY6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:B4galt2
gene id: 10090:B4galt2
uniprot id: B1ASJ2
uniprot id: Q9Z2Y2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids.
messages: Responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids. Can produce lactose (By similarity).

10090:Pramel22
gene id: 10090:Pramel22
uniprot id: A2AGW6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Khdrbs2
gene id: 10090:Khdrbs2
uniprot id: Q9WU01
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KHDRBS family.
messages: Expressed in heart, skin, brain, colon, spleen, kidney, cervix and testis. In adult cerebellum expressed predominantly in Purkinje cells and in the hippocampus is abundantly expressed in glutamatergic dentate granule cells and in specific inhibitory Schaffer collateral-associated and path-associated interneurons; expression is restricted to neuronal subpopulations largely non-overlapping with expression of KHDRBS3/SLM-2 (at protein level).
messages: In the developing cerebellum expression is increasing in the first 3 postnatal weeks.
messages: Methylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing and influences mRNA splice site selection and exon inclusion (By similarity). Binds both poly(A) and poly(U) homopolymers. Phosphorylation by PTK6 inhibits its RNA-binding ability. Induces an increased concentration-dependent incorporation of exon in CD44 pre-mRNA by direct binding to purine-rich exonic enhancer (By similarity). Can regulate alternative splicing of neurexins NRXN1-3 in the laminin G-like domain 6 containing the evolutionary conserved neurexin alternative spliced segment 4 (AS4) involved in neurexin selective targeting to postsynaptic partners. Regulates cell-type specific alternative splicing of NRXN1 at AS4 and acts synergystically with SAM68 in exon skipping. In contrast acts antagonistically with SAM68 in NRXN3 exon skipping at AS4 (PubMed:22196734, PubMed:24469635). Its phosphorylation by FYN inhibits its ability to regulate splice site selection (By similarity). May function as an adapter protein for Src kinases during mitosis (PubMed:10077576).
messages: Self-associates to form homooligomers (By similarity). Interacts with KHDRBS1/SAM68; heterooligomer formation of KHDRBS family proteins may modulate RNA substrate specificity (PubMed:10077576). Interacts with RBMX, SAFB, SFRS9 and YTHDC1 (By similarity). Interacts with FYN and PLCG1 (via SH3 domain). Interacts (phosphorylated) with FYN, GRB2, PLCG1 and RASA1 (via SH2 domain) (PubMed:10077576).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated by FYN, PTK6 and SRC. Tyrosine phosphorylated by SRC during mitosis.

10090:Themis3
gene id: 10090:Themis3
uniprot id: Q9CU24
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the themis family.
messages: Specifically expressed in the intestine.

10090:Fhl1
gene id: 10090:Fhl1
uniprot id: P97447
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoform 1 seems to be most abundant in each tissue and isoform 2 much less abundant. Isoform 1 is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and lung, and to a lesser extent in heart, brain and kidney. Isoform 2 was found in brain, lung kidney and genital organs.
messages: May have an involvement in muscle development or hypertrophy. Isoform 2 binds to RBP-J and plays a negative regulatory role in the RBP-J-mediated transcription in mammalian systems.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tmem17
gene id: 10090:Tmem17
uniprot id: Q8K0U3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM17 family.
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex).
messages: Transmembrane component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling.
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Zfp36l3
gene id: 10090:Zfp36l3
uniprot id: Q5ISE2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains long series of C-terminal alanine-rich repeats that serve to maintain the protein in the cytoplasm.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in placenta and extraembryonic tissues (at protein level). Not detected in embryos and fetus (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26952984).
messages: Expressed in placenta at 14.5 dpc. Expressed in the single layer of endodermal epithelial cells of the visceral yolk sac at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:26952984). Expressed in syncytiotrophoblast and trophoblast giant cells of the labyrinth region of the placenta at 17.5 dpc (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26952984) (at protein level). Expressed specifically in extraembryonic structures, in placenta from 9.5 to 18.5 and yolk sac/amnion from 12.5 to 18.5 (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26952984). Expressed in the labyrinthine layer of the trophoblastic placenta at 10.5, 12.5 and 14.5 dpc (PubMed:15814898). Expressed in syncytiotrophoblast and trophoblast giant cells, less in spongiotrophoblast cells, and not detected in maternal decidua or in allantois at 17.5 dpc (PubMed:26952984).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, without apparent morphological or histological abnormalities in the placenta, but display a decrease in the numbers of surviving offspring. Display an abnormal accumulation of placental 3'UTR ARE-containing mRNAs. Exhibit also a decrease in ARE-containing mRNA decay in differentiated trophoblast stem cells.
messages: Placenta-specific zinc-finger RNA-binding protein that destabilizes cytoplasmic AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNA transcripts by promoting their poly(A) tail removal or deadenylation, and hence provide a mechanism for attenuating protein synthesis (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26952984). Binds to the 3'-UTR ARE of placental target mRNAs, such as TNF, HBEGF and LIPG (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:18367448, PubMed:26952984). Involved in placental expression of many genes important for normal placental physiology (PubMed:26952984).
messages: Rodent-specific retrogene derived apparently from its related family member ZFP36L2 mRNA (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26493225).

10090:Cmtr1
gene id: 10090:Cmtr1
uniprot id: Q9DBC3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with POLR2A (via C-terminus).
messages: Nucleus
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that mediates mRNA cap1 2'-O-ribose methylation to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Methylates the ribose of the first nucleotide of a m(7)GpppG-capped mRNA and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) to produce m(7)GpppRm (cap1). Displays a preference for cap0 transcripts. Cap1 modification is linked to higher levels of translation. May be involved in the interferon response pathway.

10090:Tprkb
gene id: 10090:Tprkb
uniprot id: Q8QZZ7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CGI121/TPRKB family.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least GON7, TP53RK, TPRKB, OSGEP and LAGE3; the whole complex dimerizes. Interacts with TP53RK/PRPK.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. TPRKB acts as an allosteric effector that regulates the t(6)A activity of the complex. TPRKB is not required for tRNA modification.
messages: Mouse embryos display primary microcephaly characterized by significantly shorter cortex lengths, cortex-midbrain midline lengths and cortex widths. Mice do not show a renal phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Man1a2
gene id: 10090:Man1a2
uniprot id: P39098
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inhibited by both 1-deoxymannojirimycin and kifunensine.
messages: Involved in the maturation of Asn-linked oligosaccharides. Progressively trim alpha-1,2-linked mannose residues from Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to produce Man(5)GlcNAc(2).

10090:Mrps17
gene id: 10090:Mrps17
uniprot id: Q9CQE3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS17 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Ddx1
gene id: 10090:Ddx1
uniprot id: Q91VR5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, able to unwind both RNA-RNA and RNA-DNA duplexes. Possesses 5' single-stranded RNA overhang nuclease activity. Possesses ATPase activity on various RNA, but not DNA polynucleotides. May play a role in RNA clearance at DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), thereby facilitating the template-guided repair of transcriptionally active regions of the genome. Together with RELA, acts as a coactivator to enhance NF-kappa-B-mediated transcriptional activation (By similarity). Acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of cyclin CCND2 expression (PubMed:19398953). Binds to the cyclin CCND2 promoter region (PubMed:19398953). Associates with chromatin at the NF-kappa-B promoter region via association with RELA. Binds to poly(A) RNA. May be involved in 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNAs. Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex required to facilitate the enzymatic turnover of catalytic subunit RTCB: together with archease (ZBTB8OS), acts by facilitating the guanylylation of RTCB, a key intermediate step in tRNA ligation (By similarity). Component of a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex that acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and plays a role in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines via the adapter molecule TICAM1 (PubMed:21703541). Specifically binds (via helicase ATP-binding domain) on both short and long poly(I:C) dsRNA (PubMed:21703541).
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed in the testis from 11.5 to 19.5 dpc.
messages: Found in a multi-helicase-TICAM1 complex at least composed of DHX36, DDX1, DDX21 and TICAM1; this complex exists in resting cells with or without poly(I:C) RNA ligand stimulation (PubMed:21703541). Interacts with DHX36 (PubMed:21703541). Interacts (via B30.2/SPRY domain) with DDX21 (via N-terminus); this interaction serves as bridges to TICAM1 (PubMed:21703541). Interacts with FAM98A (via N- and C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with MBNL1 (By similarity). Interacts with CSTF2 (By similarity). Interacts with HNRNPK (By similarity). Interacts with ATM (By similarity). Interacts with RELA (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex (By similarity). Interacts with PHF5A (via C-terminus) (PubMed:18758164). Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ATM kinase; phosphorylation is increased in response to ionizing radiation (IR).
messages: Testis-specific. Expressed in the germ line stem cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes of the testis. Also expressed in the seminoma and nonseminoma types of testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) (at protein level).
messages: The helicase domain is involved in the stimulation of RELA transcriptional activity.
messages: cytosol

10090:Rprm
gene id: 10090:Rprm
uniprot id: Q9JJ72
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: 'Reprimo' signifies stop/repress.
messages: Belongs to the reprimo family.
messages: By p53/TP53, following X-ray irradiation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be involved in the regulation of p53-dependent G2 arrest of the cell cycle. Seems to induce cell cycle arrest by inhibiting CDK1 activity and nuclear translocation of the CDC2 cyclin B1 complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mmaa
gene id: 10090:Mmaa
uniprot id: Q8C7H1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SIMIBI class G3E GTPase family. ArgK/MeaB subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GTPase activity is stimulated by MMUT.
messages: GTPase, binds and hydrolyzes GTP (By similarity). Involved in intracellular vitamin B12 metabolism, mediates the transport of cobalamin (Cbl) into mitochondria for the final steps of adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) synthesis (By similarity). Functions as a G-protein chaperone that assists AdoCbl cofactor delivery from MMAB to the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MMUT) (By similarity). Plays a dual role as both a protectase and a reactivase for MMUT (By similarity). Protects MMUT from progressive inactivation by oxidation by decreasing the rate of the formation of the oxidized inactive cofactor hydroxocobalamin (OH2Cbl) (By similarity). Additionally acts a reactivase by promoting the replacement of OH2Cbl by the active cofactor AdoCbl, restoring the activity of MMUT in the presence and hydrolysis of GTP (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with MMUT (the apoenzyme form); the interaction is GTP dependent.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Tmem97
gene id: 10090:Tmem97
uniprot id: Q8VD00
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM97/sigma-2 receptor family.
messages: Interacts with NPC1.
messages: Intracellular orphan receptor that binds numerous drugs and which is highly expressed in various proliferating cells. Corresponds to the sigma-2 receptor, which is thought to play important role in regulating cell survival, morphology and differentiation. May play a role as a regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis. May function as sterol isomerase. May alter the activity of some cytochrome P450 proteins.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Sigma receptors are classified into two subtypes (Sigma-1 and Sigma-2) based on their different pharmacological profile. Sigma-2 receptors are identified by radioligand-binding studies as a binding site with high affinity for di-o-tolylguanidine (DTG) and haloperidol.

10090:Vmn1r33
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r33
uniprot id: Q8R2E0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tcp11l1
gene id: 10090:Tcp11l1
uniprot id: Q8BTG3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCP11 family.

10090:Rab7
gene id: 10090:Rab7
uniprot id: P51150
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in the dorsal root ganglia and the sciatic nerve at 13.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with NTRK1/TRKA (By similarity), RILP (By similarity), PSMA7 (By similarity), RNF115 (PubMed:12972561) and FYCO1 (By similarity). Interacts with the PIK3C3/VPS34-PIK3R4 complex (By similarity). The GTP-bound form interacts with OSBPL1A and RAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLN3 (By similarity). Interacts with CHM, the substrate-binding subunit of the Rab geranylgeranyltransferase complex (By similarity). Interacts with C9orf72 (PubMed:24549040). Does not interact with HPS4 and the BLOC-3 complex (heterodimer of HPS1 and HPS4) (PubMed:20048159). Interacts with CLN5 (By similarity). Interacts with PLEKHM1 (via N- and C-terminus) (PubMed:27777970). Interacts with RUFY4 (By similarity). Interacts with PRPH; the interaction is direct (PubMed:23179371). Interacts with VPS13A (By similarity). The GDP-bound form interacts with RIMOC1 (By similarity). Interacts with the MON1A-CCZ1B complex and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of RIMOC1 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Reduces both the basal and, to a greater degree, agonist-stimulated glycerol releases. the ADRB2-stimulated liposlysis.
messages: Small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins playing a key role in the regulation of endo-lysosomal trafficking. Governs early-to-late endosomal maturation, microtubule minus-end as well as plus-end directed endosomal migration and positioning, and endosome-lysosome transport through different protein-protein interaction cascades. Plays a central role, not only in endosomal traffic, but also in many other cellular and physiological events, such as growth-factor-mediated cell signaling, nutrient-transporter-mediated nutrient uptake, neurotrophin transport in the axons of neurons and lipid metabolism. Also involved in regulation of some specialized endosomal membrane trafficking, such as maturation of melanosomes, pathogen-induced phagosomes (or vacuoles) and autophagosomes. Plays a role in the maturation and acidification of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and Mycobacteria. Plays a role in the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes. Plays important roles in microbial pathogen infection and survival, as well as in participating in the life cycle of viruses. Microbial pathogens possess survival strategies governed by RAB7A, sometimes by employing RAB7A function (e.g. Salmonella) and sometimes by excluding RAB7A function (e.g. Mycobacterium). In concert with RAC1, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. Controls the endosomal trafficking and neurite outgrowth signaling of NTRK1/TRKA. Regulates the endocytic trafficking of the EGF-EGFR complex by regulating its lysosomal degradation (By similarity). Involved in the ADRB2-stimulated lipolysis through lipophagy, a cytosolic lipase-independent autophagic pathway (PubMed:23708524). Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity). Required for vesicular trafficking and cell surface expression of ACE2 (By similarity). May play a role in PRPH ne…
messages: Widely expressed. High expression in liver, heart and kidney. Found in sensory and motor neurons.
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Kcnv2
gene id: 10090:Kcnv2
uniprot id: Q8CFS6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. V (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv8.2/KCNV2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNB1, KCNC1 and KCNF1. Does not form homomultimers (By similarity).
messages: Potassium channel subunit. Modulates channel activity by shifting the threshold and the half-maximal activation to more negative values (By similarity).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Chrna7
gene id: 10090:Chrna7
uniprot id: P49582
uniprot id: Q53YJ9
uniprot id: Q8CC01
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. The channel is blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Alpha-7/CHRNA7 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Glycosylations at Asn-46, Asn-90 and Asn-133 are essential for TMEM35A/NACHO-mediated proper subunit assembly and trafficking to the cell membrane.
messages: Homopentamer (PubMed:32783947). Interacts with RIC3; which is required for proper folding and assembly. Interacts with LYPD6. Interacts with the alpha-conotoxin RgIA (By similarity). Interacts with alpha-conotoxins ImI and ImII (By similarity). Interacts with CANX (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Cers5
gene id: 10090:Cers5
uniprot id: Q9D6K9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to a report, deletion of Cers5 protects from obesity: knockout mice are associated with reduced weight gain and improved systemic health after high fat diet challenge (PubMed:26853464). This result was however not confirmed by another study, which did not observe any protection from diet-induced obesity in knockout mice (PubMed:31150623). Effects observed in the first study might be indirect and caused by a large deletion that affects neighboring genes and/or deletes non-coding RNAs (PubMed:26853464, PubMed:31150623).
messages: Ceramide synthase that catalyzes the transfer of the acyl chain from acyl-CoA to a sphingoid base, with high selectivity toward palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA; C16:0-CoA) (PubMed:12912983, PubMed:15823095, PubMed:16100120, PubMed:17977534, PubMed:17609214, PubMed:26853464). Can use other acyl donors, but with less efficiency (PubMed:15823095). N-acylates sphinganine and sphingosine bases to form dihydroceramides and ceramides in de novo synthesis and salvage pathways, respectively (PubMed:12912983, PubMed:15823095, PubMed:15772421, PubMed:17977534). Plays a role in de novo ceramide synthesis and surfactant homeostasis in pulmonary epithelia (PubMed:15772421).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in lungs of 15 days old fetuses followed by a modest peak at day 17, thereafter decreasing in adult lungs.
messages: Inhibited by fumonisin B1.
messages: Mice are viable and show no apparent morphological alterations in normal conditions (PubMed:26853464). Decreased palmitoyl (C16:0) ceramide pools (PubMed:26853464).
messages: Phosphorylated at the C-terminus by CK2.
messages: Some prediction bioinformatics tools predict the presence of a homeobox domain (By similarity). However, the domain is degenerate and residues that are important for DNA-binding are absent (By similarity). Moreover, the protein localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum and not in the nucleus, strongly suggesting that it does not constitute a canonical homeobox domain (PubMed:12912983).
messages: The last loop motif confers selectivity toward palmitoyl-CoA (hexadecanoyl-CoA; C16:0-CoA) as acyl donor.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in testis and kidney (PubMed:12912983, PubMed:15823095). Expressed in pulmonary epithelia (PubMed:15772421).

10090:Lipt2
gene id: 10090:Lipt2
uniprot id: Q9D009
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LipB family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of endogenously produced octanoic acid from octanoyl-acyl-carrier-protein onto the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, which catalyze essential redox reactions (By similarity). Lipoyl-ACP can also act as a substrate although octanoyl-ACP is likely to be the physiological substrate (By similarity).
messages: In the reaction, the free carboxyl group of octanoic acid is attached via an amide linkage to the epsilon-amino group of a specific lysine residue of lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Bhlhe40
gene id: 10090:Bhlhe40
uniprot id: O35185
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed from 9.5 dpc to 17.5 dpc in the ventricular layer of the brain and spinal cord, but also in the retinal pigment epithelium, developing eyelids, nasal epithelium, serous gland, vibrissae, epithelium of the mouth cavity and the tooth buds. Highly expressed in the heart, thymus and adrenal glands followed by lung, liver parenchyma, kidney tubules, epithelium of the esophagus and stomach. From 15.5 dpc to 17.5 dpc it is expressed in urinary bladder and urethra. From 17.5 dpc, it is expressed in developing muscle.
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer with BHLHE41/DEC2. Interacts with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2I/UBC9. Interacts with HDAC1, SUMO1, RXRA and BMAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with TCF3/E47.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Stimulated by retinoic acid (RA). Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver with a peak at ZT10.
messages: Sumoylation inhibits its ubiquitination and promotes its negative regulation of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer transcriptional activator activity.
messages: Transcriptional repressor involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm by negatively regulating the activity of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes (PubMed:18411297). Acts as the negative limb of a novel autoregulatory feedback loop (DEC loop) which differs from the one formed by the PER and CRY transcriptional repressors (PER/CRY loop) (PubMed:14672706). Both these loops are interlocked as it represses the expression of PER1/2 and in turn is repressed by PER1/2 and CRY1/2 (By similarity). Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-BMAL1|BMAL2 heterodimer by competing for the binding to E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') found within the promoters of its target genes (By similarity). Negatively regulates its own expression and the expression of DBP and BHLHE41/DEC2 (PubMed:14672706). Acts as a corepressor of RXR and the RXR-LXR heterodimers and represses the ligand-induced RXRA and NR1H3/LXRA transactivation activity (PubMed:19786558). May function as a transcriptional factor for neuronal differentiation (PubMed:9284045). Represses the transcription of NR0B2 and attentuates the transactivation of NR0B2 by the CLOCK-BMAL1 complex (By similarity). Drives the circadian rhythm of blood pressure through transcriptional repression of ATP1B1 in the cardiovascular system (PubMed:30012868).
messages: Ubiquitinated; which may lead to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Grpr
gene id: 10090:Grpr
uniprot id: P21729
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in pancreas and brain (PubMed:1671171, PubMed:9345264). Detected in suprachaismatic nucleus neurons (PubMed:28280205). Detected in neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (PubMed:17653196). Detected in inhibitory GABAergic interneurons in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (PubMed:12526815). Detected in approximately 160 neurons of the pre-Botzinger complex (PubMed:26855425). Within the pre-Botzinger complex, there is some overlap with neurons expressing Nmbr with some cells expressing only Grpr or Nmbr while some cells express both (PubMed:26855425). Detected in cells throughout the cortex where it is coexpressed in most of these cells with vasointestinal peptide (VIP) (PubMed:34610277).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:9345264). They do not decrease their food intake in response to gastrin-releasing peptide (PubMed:12176666). Mice consume more food per meal, but the overall food intake per day remains unchanged (PubMed:12176666). Still, they display increased body weight relative to wild-type (PubMed:12176666). Contrary to wild-type mice, their body temperature remains nearly constant when exposed to cold (4 degrees Celsius) after intracerebroventricular injection of gastrin-releasing peptide (PubMed:9345264). Mutant mice show increased locomotor activity and increased social interactions (PubMed:9345264). They do not show any change in the perception of painful stimuli, but show reduced scratching in response to pruritogenic treatments (PubMed:17653196). Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display imitative scratching after observing spontaneous scratching behavior in another mouse (PubMed:28280205). In one study, mutant mice display normal performance in a water maze, but show decreased inhibition of principal neurons by the interneurons, enhanced long-term potentiation (LTP), and greater and more persistent long-term fear memory (PubMed:12526815). Another study showed that mutants display reduced long-term fear memory (PubMed:34610277). Reduced basal sigh rate (PubMed:26855425). Conditional knockout in the auditory cortex results in diminished auditory fear memories with no significant effect on auditory discrimination (PubMed:34610277).
messages: Receptor for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) (PubMed:1671171, PubMed:1707129, PubMed:9345264, PubMed:12526815, PubMed:26658875). Signals via association with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system, resulting in Akt phosphorylation (PubMed:26658875). Contributes to the regulation of food intake (PubMed:12176666). Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior, but does not play a role in the perception of pain (PubMed:28280205, PubMed:17653196, PubMed:26658875). Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation (PubMed:28280205). In one study, shown to act in the amygdala as part of an inhibitory network which inhibits memory specifically related to learned fear (PubMed:12526815). In another study, shown to contribute to disinhibition of glutamatergic cells in the auditory cortex via signaling on vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing cells which leads to enhanced auditory fear memories (PubMed:34610277). Contributes to the induction of sighing through signaling in the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (PubMed:26855425).

10090:Rer1
gene id: 10090:Rer1
uniprot id: Q9CQU3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RER1 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Involved in the retrieval of endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins from the early Golgi compartment.

10090:Ccdc61
gene id: 10090:Ccdc61
uniprot id: Q3UJV1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC61 family.
messages: Forms homodimers (via head domain) (By similarity). Interacts with CEP170 (By similarity). Interacts with PCM1 and CEP131 (By similarity). Binds tubulin (By similarity).
messages: Microtubule-binding centrosomal protein required for centriole cohesion, independently of the centrosome-associated protein/CEP250 and rootletin/CROCC linker. In interphase, required for anchoring microtubule at the mother centriole subdistal appendages and for centrosome positioning. During mitosis, may be involved in spindle assembly and chromatin alignment by regulating the organization of spindle microtubules into a symmetrical structure. Plays a non-essential role in ciliogenesis.
messages: The N-terminal 3D structure (head domain) resembles that of NHEJ1/XLF, PAXX, SASS6 and XRCC4.
messages: The coiled-coil domains are involved in microtubule-binding.
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Pex13
gene id: 10090:Pex13
uniprot id: Q9D0K1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peroxin-13 family.
messages: Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor (By similarity). The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm (By similarity). Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion of the receptor into the organelle membrane with the concomitant translocation of the cargo into the peroxisome matrix. Involved in the import of PTS1- and PTS2-type containing proteins (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via SH3 domain) with PEX14 (via SH3-binding motif); forming the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex. Interacts with PEX19.
messages: Peroxisome membrane

10090:Zfp280d
gene id: 10090:Zfp280d
uniprot id: Q68FE8
uniprot id: V9GWW1
uniprot id: V9GXP2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May function as a transcription factor.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Adgrf5
gene id: 10090:Adgrf5
uniprot id: G5E8Q8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit premature death, decreased body weight and respiratory distress associated with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
messages: Highly glycosylated.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Heterodimer of 2 chains generated by proteolytic processing; the large extracellular N-terminal fragment and the membrane-bound C-terminal fragment predominantly remain associated and non-covalently linked. Fragment generates by the processing enzyme furin remains attached to the extracellular N-terminal fragment. Interacts (via N-terminal extracellular domain) with SFTPD (PubMed:23922714).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved at multiple sites: one in the GPS domain (S1 site) and the other in the SEA domain (S2 site). The proteolytic cleavage at S1 site generates an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit. The proteolytic cleavage at S2 site generates a fragment that undergoes proteolytic cleavage by the processing enzyme furin.
messages: Receptor that plays a critical role in lung surfactant homeostasis (PubMed:23590306, PubMed:23922714, PubMed:23684610). May play a role in controlling adipocyte function (PubMed:22971422).
messages: Widely expressed and highly expressed in the lung. In the lung predominantly expressed in the alveolar type II epithelial cells.

10090:Nlrp1b
gene id: 10090:Nlrp1b
uniprot id: A1Z198
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by pathogens and other damage-associated signals: activation promotes ubiquitination and degradation of the N-terminal part, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome (By similarity). Nlrp1b inflammasome is inhibited by DPP8 and DPP9, which sequester the C-terminal fragment of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) in a ternary complex, thereby preventing Nlrp1b oligomerization and activation (By similarity). Nlrp1b inflammasome is activated by Val-boroPro (Talabostat, PT-100), an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases DPP8 and DPP9 (PubMed:31383852). Val-boroPro relieves inhibition of DPP8 and/or DPP9 by promoting disruption of the ternary complex, releasing its C-terminal part from autoinhibition (By similarity). May be activated by Toxoplasma gondii, although at a lower extent than allele 1 (PubMed:24218483). Not activated by cleavage by B.anthracis lethal toxin (LT) endopeptidase (PubMed:16429160, PubMed:21170303, PubMed:24492532, PubMed:31383852). May be activated by muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a fragment of bacterial peptidoglycan, in a NOD2-dependent manner (PubMed:18511561).
messages: Acts as the sensor component of the Nlrp1b inflammasome, which mediates inflammasome activation in response to various pathogen-associated signals, leading to subsequent pyroptosis (By similarity). Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation (By similarity). Acts as a recognition receptor (PRR): recognizes specific pathogens and other damage-associated signals: in response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b is degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes to initiate the formation of the inflammasome complex: the inflammasome directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) independently of PYCARD/ASC and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, which subsequently cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines IL1B and IL18 and gasdermin-D (GSDMD), leading to pyroptosis (By similarity). In the absence of GSDMD expression, the Nlrp1b inflammasome is able to recruit and activate CASP8, leading to activation of gasdermin-E (GSDME) (By similarity). Activation of Nlrp1b inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion; the active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses (By similarity). Contrary to Nlrp1b allele 1, allele 2 is not activated by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin (PubMed:16429160, PubMed:21170303, PubMed:24492532).
messages: Autocatalytically cleaved. Autocatalytic cleavage in FIIND region occurs constitutively, prior to activation signals, and is required for inflammasome activity (IL1B release), possibly by facilitating CASP1 binding. Both N- and C-terminal parts remain associated non-covalently.
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: Constitutes the active part of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, N-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b is degraded by the proteasome, releasing this form, which polymerizes to form the Nlrp1b inflammasome complex: the Nlrp1b inflammasome complex then directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) and promotes caspase-1 (CASP1) activation, leading to gasdermin-D (GSDMD) cleavage and subsequent pyroptosis.
messages: Constitutes the precursor of the Nlrp1b inflammasome, which mediates autoproteolytic processing within the FIIND domain to generate the N-terminal and C-terminal parts, which are associated non-covalently in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals.
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Interacts with DPP9; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome (By similarity). DPP9 acts via formation of a ternary complex, composed of a DPP9 homodimer, one full-length Nlrp1b protein, and one cleaved C-terminus of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with DPP8; leading to inhibit activation of the inflammasome, probably via formation of a ternary complex with DPP8 (By similarity). Interacts (via LRR repeats) with BCL2 and BCL2L1 (via the loop between motifs BH4 and BH3). Interacts with NOD2; this interaction may increase IL1B release (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction requires EIF2AK2 activity, is accompanied by EIF2AK2 autophosphorylation and promotes inflammasome assembly in response to B.anthracis lethal toxin (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV; this interaction targets Nlrp1b to degradation by autophagy, hence preventing excessive IL1B- and IL18-mediated inflammation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus) in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals.
messages: Interacts with the N-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, N-terminus) in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals. Homomultimer; forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome polymeric complex, a filament composed of homopolymers of this form in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals. The Nlrp1b inflammasome polymeric complex directly recruits pro-caspase-1 (proCASP1) independently of PYCARD/ASC. Interacts (via CARD domain) with CASP1 (via CARD domain); leading to CASP1 activation.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nlrp1b gene is extremely polymorphic. 5 alleles have been described in 18 inbred strains: 1 (AC Q2LKW6), 2 (this entry), 3 (AC Q2LKV5), 4 (AC Q2LKV2) and 5 (AC Q0GKD5). These alleles define susceptibility to B.anthracis lethal toxin (LT). Alleles 2 (carried by A/J, C57BL/6J and I/LnJ), 3 (AKR/J, NOD/LtJ and SJL/J) or 4 (DBA/2J, P/J and SM/J) are not activated by LT. Alleles 1 (carried by 129S1/SvImJ, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, CBA/J, FVB/NJ, NON/ShiLtJ, NZO (NZO/HlLtJ) and SWR/J strains) and 5 (CAST/EiJ) confer macrophage susceptibility to LT. In susceptible strains, infection by Bacillus anthracis leads to IL1B release, neutrophil recruitment and macrophage pyroptosis. This early inflammatory response confers increased resistance to infection (PubMed:16429160). The sequence shown in this entry is that of allele 2 (PubMed:16429160).
messages: Regulatory part that prevents formation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome: in absence of pathogens and other damage-associated signals, interacts with the C-terminal part of Nlrp1b (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), preventing activation of the Nlrp1b inflammasome. In response to pathogen-associated signals, this part is ubiquitinated by the N-end rule pathway and degraded by the proteasome, releasing the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein, which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome.
messages: The C-terminal part of Nlrp1b oligomerizes to form the core of the Nlrp1b inflammasome filament: in the filament, the CARD domains form a central helical filaments that are promoted by oligomerized, but flexibly linked, UPA regions surrounding the filaments. The UPA region reduces the threshold needed for filament formation and signaling.
messages: The CARD domain is involved in the interaction with CASP1 and CASP4/CASP11.
messages: The FIIND (domain with function to find) region is involved in homomerization, but not in CASP1-binding. In allele 1, autocatalytic cleavage in this region occurs constitutively, prior to activation signals, and is required for inflammasome activity (IL1B release), possibly by facilitating CASP1 binding. Both N- and C-terminal fragments remain associated (By similarity). It is not known whether this modification occurs in allele 2 (Probable).
messages: The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain may be involved in autoinhibition in the absence of activating signal, possibly through intramolecular interaction with the NACHT domain.
messages: Three tandem Nrlp1 paralogs, Nrlp1a, Nrlp1b and Nrlp1c, have been identified. Nlrp1c is predicted to be a pseudogene.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the N-end rule pathway in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, leading to its degradation by the proteasome and subsequent release of the cleaved C-terminal part of the protein (NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 1b, C-terminus), which polymerizes and forms the Nlrp1b inflammasome.
messages: Up-regulated transiently following acute injury of the sciatic nerve with a peak after 44 hours.
messages: Widely expressed, including in macrophages and, at lower levels, in the peripheral nervous system, including in the sciatic nerve, Schwann cells, sensory neurons and motor neurons.
messages: cytosol

10090:Dalrd3
gene id: 10090:Dalrd3
uniprot id: Q6PJN8
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Involved in tRNA methylation. Facilitates the recognition and targeting of tRNA(Arg)(CCU) and tRNA(Arg)(UCU) substrates for N(3)-methylcytidine modification by METTL2.
messages: Part of a complex containing tRNA(Arg) and METTL2. Interacts with tRNA(Arg)(CCU) and tRNA(Arg)(UCU). Interacts with METTL2.

10090:Snx19
gene id: 10090:Snx19
uniprot id: Q6P4T1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with PTPRN.
messages: Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking and exocytosis (PubMed:24843546). May play a role in maintaining insulin-containing dense core vesicles in pancreatic beta-cells and in preventing their degradation. May play a role in insulin secretion (PubMed:24843546). Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) (PubMed:25148684).
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)).

10090:Cdr2
gene id: 10090:Cdr2
uniprot id: P97817
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CDR2 family.
messages: Expressed in brain and testis (at protein level). Expressed in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, heart, lung, spleen, ovary, kidney and testis.

10090:Csta3
gene id: 10090:Csta3
uniprot id: Q6IE28
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.

10090:Bglap
gene id: 10090:Bglap
uniprot id: P86546
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the osteocalcin/matrix Gla protein family.
messages: Bone.
messages: Constitutes 1-2% of the total bone protein. It binds strongly to apatite and calcium.
messages: Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hmga2
gene id: 10090:Hmga2
uniprot id: P52927
uniprot id: Q6NSP9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMGA family.
messages: Expressed in mitotic spermatogonia, meiotic spermatocytes, and postmeiotic round spermatids (at protein level) (PubMed:14668482). Expressed in embryonic myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Expressed predominantly during embryogenesis. In myogenic progenitor cells, expressed during early myogenic development (11.5 dpc) to be gradually down-regulated during the fetal stages (17.5 dpc) (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Functions as a transcriptional regulator. Functions in cell cycle regulation through CCNA2. Plays an important role in chromosome condensation during the meiotic G2/M transition of spermatocytes. Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, is involved in satellite cell activation (PubMed:27446912). Positively regulates IGF2 expression through PLAG1 and in a PLAG1-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with E4F1 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK2 (PubMed:14668482).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulated by cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation which alters its DNA binding affinity. Phosphorylated by NEK2.

10090:Ankrd2
gene id: 10090:Ankrd2
uniprot id: Q9WV06
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at 9.5 dpc, with a pattern of expression that shows restricted localization to the myotome of somites. By 13.5 dpc, expression is observed within intercostal and back muscles. At 14.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc, expression is observed in tail myotomal muscles, and in intervertebral and back muscles. Hybridization was also detected within limb muscles. This pattern of expression was maintained at least up until 17.5 dpc. No localization within the heart.
messages: Expressed by myoblasts (at protein level). Expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscles.
messages: Functions as a negative regulator of myocyte differentiation. May interact with both sarcoplasmic structural proteins and nuclear proteins to regulate gene expression during muscle development and in response to muscle stress.
messages: I band
messages: Interacts with ID3; both proteins cooperate in myoblast differentiation. Interacts with TTN/titin (By similarity). Interacts (via ANK repeats) with TCAP; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with TJP1 (via PDZ domains) (By similarity). Interacts with PML; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with YBX1 (By similarity). Interacts with AKT2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-68 by PKB/AKT2 in response to oxidative stress induces translocation to the nucleus and negatively regulates myoblast differentiation.
messages: Up-regulated in response to mechanical stretch of skeletal muscle (hypertrophy mechanically-induced).
messages: cytosol

10090:Fxyd2
gene id: 10090:Fxyd2
uniprot id: Q04646
uniprot id: Q6ITT1
uniprot id: Q6ITT2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FXYD family.
messages: Highest levels expressed in the kidney and spleen. Restricted to the basolateral membrane in renal epithelial cells and varies in its level of expression along the nephron.
messages: May be involved in forming the receptor site for cardiac glycoside binding or may modulate the transport function of the sodium ATPase.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulatory subunit of the sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase which is composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, an auxiliary non-catalytic beta subunit and an additional regulatory subunit.

10090:Itprid2
gene id: 10090:Itprid2
uniprot id: Q922B9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Tcl1b1
gene id: 10090:Tcl1b1
uniprot id: P56840
uniprot id: Q3UWQ4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCL1 family.

10090:Slc13a5
gene id: 10090:Slc13a5
uniprot id: Q67BT3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SLC13A/DASS transporter (TC 2.A.47) family. NADC subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High-affinity sodium/citrate cotransporter that mediates citrate entry into cells, which is a critical participant of biochemical pathways (PubMed:35448538, PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). May function in various metabolic processes in which citrate has a critical role such as energy production (Krebs cycle), fatty acid synthesis, cholesterol synthesis, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis (PubMed:12826022). Transports citrate into the cell in a Na(+)-dependent manner, recognizing the trivalent form of citrate (physiological pH) rather than the divalent form (PubMed:12826022, PubMed:14656221, PubMed:26324167). Can recognizes succinate as a substrate, but its affinity for succinate is several fold lower than for citrate (PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). The stoichiometry is probably 4 Na(+) for each carboxylate, irrespective of whether the translocated substrate is divalent or trivalent, rendering the process electrogenic (PubMed:26324167, PubMed:14656221). Involved in the regulation of citrate levels in the brain (PubMed:32682952).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by Li(+).
messages: Mice show increased propensity for epileptic seizures, proepileptogenic neuronal excitability changes in the hippocampus, and significant citrate level alterations in the CSF and brain tissue (PubMed:32682952). Null mice show perturbations in fatty acids, bile acids, and energy metabolites in liver, serum, and brain (PubMed:35448538).

10090:Adamtsl2
gene id: 10090:Adamtsl2
uniprot id: Q7TSK7
names: Caution
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although strongly similar to members of the ADAMTS family it lacks the metalloprotease and disintegrin-like domains which are typical of that family.
messages: Glycosylated (By similarity). Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with LTBP1.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pcyt1b
gene id: 10090:Pcyt1b
uniprot id: Q811Q9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytidylyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the key rate-limiting step in the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis (PubMed:12842190). Plays an important role in ovary maturation and the maintenance of sperm production (PubMed:15143167).
messages: Catalyzes the key rate-limiting step in the CDP-choline pathway for phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:12842190). Expressed at lower levels in lung and gonads (PubMed:15143167).
messages: Expression is low at 7 dpc, reaches a maximum at 15 dpc and decreases at 17 dpc.
messages: Female mice lacking isoform 1 have reduced fecundity due to failure in ovary maturation. Male mice lacking isoform 1 have reduced fecundity due to testicular degeneration.
messages: Highly expressed in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:12842190). Expressed in liver (at protein level) (PubMed:12842190). Expressed at lower levels in lung and gonads (PubMed:15143167).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Not expressed in embryo. Expression starts at 5 weeks.

10090:Crebl2
gene id: 10090:Crebl2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0D8
uniprot id: Q32M00
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily.
messages: Interacts with CREB1; regulates CREB1 phosphorylation, stability and transcriptional activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by AMPK.
messages: Probable regulator of CREB1 transcriptional activity which is involved in adipose cells differentiation. May also play a regulatory role in the cell cycle.
messages: Up-regulated during preadipocyte differentiation (at protein level).
messages: Widely expressed with higher expression in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver (at protein level).

10090:Gpc3
gene id: 10090:Gpc3
uniprot id: Q3TWB2
uniprot id: Q8CFZ4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glypican family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate (By similarity). Negatively regulates the hedgehog signaling pathway when attached via the GPI-anchor to the cell surface by competing with the hedgehog receptor PTC1 for binding to hedgehog proteins (PubMed:18477453, PubMed:23665349). Binding to the hedgehog protein SHH triggers internalization of the complex by endocytosis and its subsequent lysosomal degradation (PubMed:18477453). Positively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway by binding to the Wnt receptor Frizzled and stimulating the binding of the Frizzled receptor to Wnt ligands (By similarity). Positively regulates the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:15537637). Binds to CD81 which decreases the availability of free CD81 for binding to the transcriptional repressor HHEX, resulting in nuclear translocation of HHEX and transcriptional repression (PubMed:23665349). Inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase activity of DPP4 (By similarity). Plays a role in limb patterning and skeletal development by controlling the cellular response to BMP4 (PubMed:10964473). Modulates the effects of growth factors BMP2, BMP7 and FGF7 on renal branching morphogenesis (PubMed:11180950). Required for coronary vascular development (PubMed:19733558). Plays a role in regulating cell movements during gastrulation (By similarity).
messages: Cell surface proteoglycan that bears heparan sulfate.
messages: Cleaved intracellularly by a furin-like convertase to generate 2 subunits, alpha and beta, which remain associated through disulfide bonds and are associated with the cell surface via the GPI-anchor. This processing is essential for its role in inhibition of hedgehog signaling. A second proteolytic event may result in cleavage of the protein on the cell surface, separating it from the GPI-anchor and leading to its shedding from the cell surface.
messages: Heterodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Cleavage by a furin-like convertase results in production of alpha and beta chains which form a disulfide-linked heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DPP4 (By similarity). Interacts with FGF2 (By similarity). Interacts with WNT5A (By similarity). Also interacts with WNT3A and WNT7B (By similarity). Interacts with hedgehog protein SHH; the heparan sulfate chains are not required for the interaction (PubMed:18477453). Also interacts with hedgehog protein IHH (PubMed:23665349). Interacts with CD81 (PubMed:23665349). Interacts with Wnt receptors FZD4, FZD7 and FZD8; the heparan sulfate chains are required for the interaction (By similarity).
messages: In the developing limb, absent from the apical epidermal ridge at 11 dpc but highly expressed in the underlying mesenchyme (PubMed:10964473). Expression in the mesenchyme at this stage is asymmetric with highest levels in the regions of the distal mesenchyme within the progress zone and within the proximal anterior and posterior limb bud (PubMed:10964473). At later developmental stages including 12.5 and 13.5 dpc, expression is restricted to the interdigital webs and the regions of chondrocytic differentiation of the developing bones (PubMed:10964473). In the embryonic kidney, expressed in both the ureteric bud and mesenchymal cells as early as 13.5 dpc (PubMed:11180950). Expression at 16.5 dpc is similar to that at 13.5 dpc but decreases by 18.5 dpc (PubMed:11180950).
messages: O-glycosylated; contains heparan sulfate.
messages: Perinatal death, developmental overgrowth, cystic and dyplastic kidneys, abnormal lung development and ventral wall closure defects (PubMed:10402475, PubMed:10964473). A proportion of mutants also display mandibular hypoplasia and an imperforate vagina (PubMed:10402475). There is an early and persistent abnormality in ureteric bud development in the kidney due to increased cell proliferation (PubMed:10402475). In the developing kidney, cell proliferation is increased threefold in cortical collecting duct cells and apoptosis is increased 16-fold in medullary collecting duct cells (PubMed:11180950). High incidence of congenital cardiac malformations including ventricular septal defects, common atrioventricular canal, double outlet right ventricle and presence of coronary artery fistulas (PubMed:19733558). Elevated levels of hedgehog pathway proteins Gli1 and Ptc1, indicative of activation of the hedgehog pathway and increased levels of Shh (PubMed:18477453). Reduced non-canonical Wnt signaling (PubMed:15537637). Similar levels of tissue and serum Igf2 to wild-type mice (PubMed:10402475).

10090:Pip4k2b
gene id: 10090:Pip4k2b
uniprot id: Q80XI4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer. Binds TNFRSF1A. Interacts with PIP4K2A; the interaction suppresses ubiquitination by the SPOP/CUL3 complex (By similarity). Probably interacts with PIP5K1A; the interaction inhibits PIP5K1A kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Participates in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Preferentially utilizes GTP, rather than ATP, for PI(5)P phosphorylation and its activity reflects changes in direct proportion to the physiological GTP concentration. Its GTP-sensing activity is critical for metabolic adaptation. In collaboration with PIP4K2A, has a role in mediating autophagy in times of nutrient stress (PubMed:29727621). Required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion and the regulation of cellular lipid metabolism (PubMed:29727621). PIP4Ks negatively regulate insulin signaling through a catalytic-independent mechanism. They interact with PIP5Ks and suppress PIP5K-mediated PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis and insulin-dependent conversion to PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SPOP/CUL3 complex. Ubiquitination is stimulated by PtdIns5P levels.

10090:Desi1
gene id: 10090:Desi1
uniprot id: Q9CQT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DeSI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Interacts with UBQLN4; leading to the export of UBQLN4 from the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protease which deconjugates SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3 from some substrate proteins (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Has isopeptidase but not SUMO-processing activity (PubMed:22370726, PubMed:22498933). Desumoylates ZBTB46 (PubMed:22370726). Collaborates with UBQLN4 in the export of ubiquitinated proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (By similarity).

10090:Crip1
gene id: 10090:Crip1
uniprot id: P63254
names: Function
messages: Seems to have a role in zinc absorption and may function as an intracellular zinc transport protein.

10090:S100g
gene id: 10090:S100g
uniprot id: P97816
uniprot id: Q5VM59
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.

10090:Ints7
gene id: 10090:Ints7
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0E4
uniprot id: Q7TQK1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 7 family.
messages: Belongs to the multiprotein complex Integrator, at least composed of INTS1, INTS2, INTS3, INTS4, INTS5, INTS6, INTS7, INTS8, INTS9/RC74, INTS10, INTS11/CPSF3L and INTS12. Interacts with NABP2.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the Integrator (INT) complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes. Plays a role in DNA damage response (DDR) signaling during the S phase. May be not involved in the recruitment of cytoplasmic dynein to the nuclear envelope by different components of the INT complex.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vps35
gene id: 10090:Vps35
uniprot id: Q3TRJ1
uniprot id: Q9EQH3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The CSC seems to associate with the cytoplasmic domain of cargo proteins predominantly via VPS35; however, these interactions seem to be of low affinity and retromer SNX proteins may also contribute to cargo selectivity thus questioning the classical function of the CSC. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX3-retromer mediates the retrograde transport of WLS distinct from the SNX-BAR retromer pathway. The SNX27-retromer is believed to be involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of a broad spectrum of cargo proteins. The CSC seems to act as recruitment hub for other proteins, such as the WASH complex and TBC1D5 (Probable). Required for retrograde transport of lysosomal enzyme receptor IGF2R and SLC11A2. Required to regulate transcytosis of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-pIgA). Required for endosomal localization of WASHC2 and mediates the association of the CSC with the WASH complex (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the VPS35 family.
messages: Component of the heterotrimeric retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC), also described as vacuolar protein sorting subcomplex (VPS) formed by VPS26 (VPS26A or VPS26B), VPS29 and VPS35. The CSC has a highly elongated structure with VPS26 and VPS29 binding independently at opposite distal ends of VPS35 as central platform (PubMed:21040701, PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005). The CSC is believed to associate with variable sorting nexins to form functionally distinct retromer complex variants. The originally described retromer complex (also called SNX-BAR retromer) is a pentamer containing the CSC and a heterodimeric membrane-deforming subcomplex formed between SNX1 or SNX2 and SNX5 or SNX6 (also called SNX-BAR subcomplex); the affinity between the respective CSC and SNX-BAR subcomplexes is low. The CSC associates with SNX3 to form a SNX3-retromer complex. The CSC associates with SNX27, the WASH complex and the SNX-BAR subcomplex to form the SNX27-retromer complex (Probable). Interacts with VPS26A, VPS29, VPS26B and LRRK2 (PubMed:16190980, PubMed:21040701, PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005, PubMed:23395371). Interacts with SNX1, SNX2, IGF2R, SNX3, GOLPH3, SLC11A2, WASHC2, FKBP15, WASHC1, EHD1. Interacts with MAGEL2; leading to recruitment of the TRIM27:MAGEL2 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex retromer-containing endosomes (By similarity). Interacts with SORCS2 (PubMed:28469074).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in striatum (at protein level) (PubMed:28469074). Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in fat tissue, testis, brain, kidney, thymus, liver and pancreas, and at lower levels in heart, intestine and skeletal muscle. Detected in oocytes, pre-implantation embryos and at 6.5-12.5 dpc.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in vesicular protein sorting.

10090:Snx21
gene id: 10090:Snx21
uniprot id: Q149Q9
uniprot id: Q3UR97
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Binds to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PubMed:25882846). May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)).

10090:4930415L06Rik
gene id: 10090:4930415L06Rik
uniprot id: Q3V0Y1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SMEK family.

10090:Syt15
gene id: 10090:Syt15
uniprot id: Q8C6N3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Detected from 7 dpc.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in heart, lung, skeletal muscle and testis; not detected in brain, liver and kidney. Isoform 1 is expressed in spleen.
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: May be involved in the trafficking and exocytosis of secretory vesicles in non-neuronal tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Neither C2 domains mediates Ca(2+)-dependent or Ca(2+)-independent phospholipid binding.

10090:Olfr361
gene id: 10090:Olfr361
uniprot id: Q8VF16
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Scgb2b1
gene id: 10090:Scgb2b1
uniprot id: A0A087WNN9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the secretoglobin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:4930432K21Rik
gene id: 10090:4930432K21Rik
uniprot id: Q6DIA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in fetal ovaries but not in adult ovaries.
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: Interacts with HSF2BP (via N-terminus) and BRCA2; the interaction with HSF2BP is direct and allows the formation of a ternary complex (PubMed:32345962, PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32845237). The complex BRME1:HSF2BP:BRCA2 interacts with SPATA22, MEIOB and RAD51 (PubMed:32345962).
messages: Male mutants are infertile (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). They have smaller-than-normal testes with reduced diameters of seminiferous tubules and sperm density (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). Female mutants exhibit normal fertility with no apparent defect in adult ovaries (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32345962). They show a strong reduction of the follicle pool.
messages: Meiotic recombination factor component of recombination bridges involved in meiotic double-strand break repair (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033). Modulates the localization of recombinases DMC1:RAD51 to meiotic double-strand break (DSB) sites through the interaction with and stabilization of the BRCA2:HSF2BP complex during meiotic recombination (PubMed:32460033, PubMed:32463460). Indispensable for the DSB repair, homologous synapsis, and crossover formation that are needed for progression past metaphase I, is essential for spermatogenesis and male fertility (PubMed:32463460, PubMed:32460033).

10090:Riox1
gene id: 10090:Riox1
uniprot id: Q9JJF3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ROX family. NO66 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Interacts with SP7/OSX; the interaction is direct (PubMed:19927124). Interacts with PHF19; leading to its recruitment to H3K36me3 sites (By similarity). Interacts with MYC (By similarity).
messages: Oxygenase that can act as both a histone lysine demethylase and a ribosomal histidine hydroxylase (PubMed:19927124). Specifically demethylates 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-36' (H3K36me) of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code (PubMed:19927124). Preferentially demethylates trimethylated H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) and monomethylated H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me1) residues, while it has weaker activity for dimethylated H3 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (PubMed:19927124). Acts as a regulator of osteoblast differentiation via its interaction with SP7/OSX by demethylating H3K4me and H3K36me, thereby inhibiting SP7/OSX-mediated promoter activation (PubMed:19927124). Also catalyzes demethylation of non-histone proteins, such as CGAS: demethylation of monomethylated CGAS promotes interaction between CGAS and PARP1, followed by PARP1 inactivation (PubMed:35210392). Also catalyzes the hydroxylation of 60S ribosomal protein L8 on 'His-216', thereby playing a role in ribosome biogenesis (By similarity). Participates in MYC-induced transcriptional activation (By similarity).
messages: Present in developing bones (at protein level) (PubMed:19927124). Widely but not ubiquitously expressed (PubMed:19927124).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:H2ac21
gene id: 10090:H2ac21
uniprot id: Q64522
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Crtac1
gene id: 10090:Crtac1
uniprot id: Q8R555
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:U2af1
gene id: 10090:U2af1
uniprot id: Q9D883
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Expressed in primary spermatocytes and elongating spermatids (at protein level).
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Heterodimer with U2AF2 (By similarity). Interacts (via RS domain) with PHF5A (via N-terminus) (PubMed:18758164). Interacts with ZRANB2 (By similarity). Interacts with SDE2 (By similarity). Interacts with SF3B1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Plays a critical role in both constitutive and enhancer-dependent splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions and protein-RNA interactions required for accurate 3'-splice site selection. Recruits U2 snRNP to the branch point. Directly mediates interactions between U2AF2 and proteins bound to the enhancers and thus may function as a bridge between U2AF2 and the enhancer complex to recruit it to the adjacent intron (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminal SR-rich domain is required for interactions with SR proteins and the splicing regulators TRA and TRA2, and the N-terminal domain is required for formation of the U2AF1/U2AF2 heterodimer.

10090:Cuta
gene id: 10090:Cuta
uniprot id: D5MCW4
uniprot id: Q9CQ89
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CutA family.
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Homotrimer.

10090:Polr1e
gene id: 10090:Polr1e
uniprot id: Q3V1B9
uniprot id: Q8K202
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated at Lys-436 by CREBBP/CBP, leading to decreased RNA polymerase I transcription. In normal conditions, deacetylated by SIRT7, promoting the association of RNA polymerase I with the rDNA promoter region and coding region. In response to stress, SIRT7 is released from nucleoli leading to hyperacetylation of POLR1E/PAF53 and decreased association of RNA polymerase I with the rDNA promoter region.
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPA49/POLR1E RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) complex consisting of at least 13 subunits (PubMed:9254723). Interacts with POLR1G (PubMed:15226435). Also binds UBTF/UBF (PubMed:8641287). Interacts with PWP1 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors (PubMed:8641287, PubMed:9254723). Appears to be involved in the formation of the initiation complex at the promoter by mediating the interaction between Pol I and UBTF/UBF (PubMed:8641287).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Adamts7
gene id: 10090:Adamts7
uniprot id: F6UD05
uniprot id: Q68SA9
uniprot id: Q6PD18
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Interacts with COMP.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May be cleaved by a furin endopeptidase (By similarity). The precursor is sequentially processed.
messages: Metalloprotease that may play a role in the degradation of COMP.
messages: N-glycosylated. Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs. N- and C-glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity). O-glycosylated proteoglycan. Contains chondroitin sulfate.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: The spacer domain and the TSP type-1 domains are important for a tight interaction with the extracellular matrix.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Cox16
gene id: 10090:Cox16
uniprot id: E9Q3U7
uniprot id: G3UWC6
uniprot id: Q497I8
uniprot id: Q9CR63
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the MITRAC complex. Interacts with MT-CO2/COX; specifically interacts with newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX. Interacts with SCO1, SCO2 and COA6.
messages: Belongs to the COX16 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV (CIV), also known as cytochrome c oxidase. Promotes the insertion of copper into the active site of cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (MT-CO2/COX2). Interacts specifically with newly synthesized MT-CO2/COX and its copper center-forming metallochaperones SCO1, SCO2 and COA6. Probably facilitates MT-CO2/COX2 association with the MITRAC assembly intermediate containing MT-CO1/COX1, thereby participating in merging the MT-CO1/COX1 and MT-CO2/COX2 assembly lines.

10090:Eppk1
gene id: 10090:Eppk1
uniprot id: Q8R0W0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apicolateral cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoskeletal linker protein that connects to intermediate filaments and controls their reorganization in response to stress (PubMed:16382146, PubMed:20926261, PubMed:18285451, PubMed:25232867, PubMed:25617501, PubMed:23599337). In response to mechanical stress like wound healing, is associated with the machinery for cellular motility by slowing down keratinocyte migration and proliferation and accelerating keratin bundling in proliferating keratinocytes thus contributing to tissue architecture (PubMed:16382146, PubMed:20926261). However in wound healing in corneal epithelium also positively regulates cell differentiation and proliferation and negatively regulates migration thereby controlling corneal epithelium morphogenesis and integrity (PubMed:23599337). In response to cellular stress, plays a role in keratin filament reorganization, probably by protecting keratin filaments against disruption (PubMed:18285451). During liver and pancreas injuries, plays a protective role by chaperoning disease-induced intermediate filament reorganization (PubMed:25232867, PubMed:25617501).
messages: High levels in skin, small intestine and salivary gland. Lower levels in lung, uterus and liver. Not detected in brain, kidney, muscle, heart or spleen. In skin, expressed in all epidermal layers but not in the dermis. In intestine, expressed exclusively in the epithelial cell layer of the villi. In liver, expressed at hepatocyte margins. Around the region of the wound, expressed in the upper half of the epidermis. Weakly expressed on the basilar side of the suprabasal layer of the epidermis at the wound's edge. Expressed strongly in the upper layer of the epidermis, especially in larger keratinocytes (PubMed:16382146). Expressed in undifferentiated primary keratinocytes (PubMed:18285451). Strongly expressed in ductal cells, and also expressed in acinar cells (PubMed:25232867). Expressed in hepatocytes and cholangiocytes (PubMed:25617501).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice develop normally and are healthy and fertile. Skin of homozygous knockout mice reveal no blistering and fragility. Exhibit slightly enhanced wound closure.
messages: Interacts with KRT5, KRT14 and KRT5/KRT14 heterotetramer; interacts preferentially with assembled filaments rather than keratin monomers (PubMed:18285451). Interacts with KRT8 and KRT18 and KRT8/KRT18 heterotetramer; interacts preferentially with assembled filaments rather than keratin monomers (PubMed:25617501). Interacts with KRT1, VIM and DES; interaction is stronger with KRT1 than with VIM or DES; interaction is dependent of higher-order structure of intermediate filament (By similarity).
messages: Plectin repeats are important for the binding to keratin and VIM and controls intermediate filament networks organization.
messages: Up-regulated upon calcium-mediated keratinocyte differentiation (PubMed:18285451). Up-regulated in hepatocytes during liver stress (PubMed:25617501).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: hemidesmosome
messages: tight junction

10090:Prss40
gene id: 10090:Prss40
uniprot id: A6H6T1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Expressed in testis. More specifically, abundantly expressed in the haploid round spermatid.
messages: May play an important role in the sperm/egg interaction; released during the acrosome reaction.
messages: Secreted
messages: There appears to be no human ortholog of this protein.
messages: acrosome

10090:Mcpt2
gene id: 10090:Mcpt2
uniprot id: P15119
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Mucosal mast cells.

10090:Cog4
gene id: 10090:Cog4
uniprot id: Q7TSQ9
uniprot id: Q8R1U1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the COG4 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer. Component of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex which is composed of eight different subunits and is required for normal Golgi morphology and localization. Mediates interaction of SCFD1 with the COG complex. Interacts with STX5.
messages: Required for normal Golgi function. Plays a role in SNARE-pin assembly and Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport via its interaction with SCFD1.
messages: cytosol

10090:Samd5
gene id: 10090:Samd5
uniprot id: Q3V1H9
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in kidney glomeruli, and in peribiliary gland (PBG) cells at the hepatic hilum (at protein level). Detected in liver, kidney and small intestine.
messages: Interacts promiscuously (via SAM domain) with EPHA5, EPHA6, EPHA7, EPHA8, EPHB1, EPHB2, EPHB3 and EPHB4 (via SAM domain) (in vitro).
messages: Strongly induced in EPCAM-positive liver cells in response to liver damage caused by long-term 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydro-collidine (DDC) feeding.

10090:Slfnl1
gene id: 10090:Slfnl1
uniprot id: Q8BHW9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Schlafen family. Subgroup I subfamily.

10090:Catsperg2
gene id: 10090:Catsperg2
uniprot id: C6KI89
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auxiliary component of the CatSper complex, a complex involved in sperm cell hyperactivation (PubMed:34225353, PubMed:19516020). Sperm cell hyperactivation is needed for sperm motility which is essential late in the preparation of sperm for fertilization (PubMed:19516020).
messages: Belongs to the CATSPERG family.
messages: Catsperg2 is absent in sperm from mice lacking Catsper1, suggesting that stable expression requires Catsper1.
messages: Component of the CatSper complex or CatSpermasome composed of the core pore-forming members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 as well as auxiliary members CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD, CATSPERE, CATSPERZ, C2CD6/CATSPERT, SLCO6C1, TMEM249, TMEM262 and EFCAB9 (PubMed:34225353, PubMed:21224844, PubMed:19516020). HSPA1 may be an additional auxiliary complex member (PubMed:19516020). The core complex members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 form a heterotetrameric channel (PubMed:34225353). The auxiliary CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD and CATSPERE subunits form a pavilion-like structure over the pore which stabilizes the complex through interactions with CATSPER4, CATSPER3, CATSPER1 and CATSPER2 respectively (PubMed:34225353). SLCO6C1 interacts with CATSPERE and TMEM262/CATSPERH interacts with CATSPERB, further stabilizing the complex (PubMed:34225353). C2CD6/CATSPERT interacts at least with CATSPERD and is required for targeting the CatSper complex in the flagellar membrane (Probable).
messages: Testis-specific. Specifically expressed in the principal piece of the sperm tail (at protein level). Expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids within the seminiferous tubule but not in interstitial cells.
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Dynlt3
gene id: 10090:Dynlt3
uniprot id: P56387
uniprot id: Q542J7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Probably binds BUB3 as part of transport cargo. Required for the efficient progression through mitosis.
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Homodimer. The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with BUB3. Interacts with SATB1 in nucleus to form complex with matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: kinetochore

10090:Olfr913
gene id: 10090:Olfr913
uniprot id: E9Q716
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp27
gene id: 10090:Zfp27
uniprot id: P10077
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dimt1
gene id: 10090:Dimt1
uniprot id: Q9D0D4
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferase family.
messages: Introns retention.
messages: Specifically dimethylates two adjacent adenosines in the loop of a conserved hairpin near the 3'-end of 18S rRNA in the 40S particle. Involved in the pre-rRNA processing steps leading to small-subunit rRNA production independently of its RNA-modifying catalytic activity.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Rab14
gene id: 10090:Rab14
uniprot id: Q50HX4
uniprot id: Q91V41
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with ZFYVE20 (By similarity). Interacts with KIF16B.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Regulates, together with its guanine nucleotide exchange factor, DENND6A, the specific endocytic transport of ADAM10, N-cadherin/CDH2 shedding and cell-cell adhesion (By similarity). Involved in membrane trafficking between the Golgi complex and endosomes during early embryonic development. Regulates the Golgi to endosome transport of FGFR-containing vesicles during early development, a key process for developing basement membrane and epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages during early postimplantation development. May act by modulating the kinesin KIF16B-cargo association to endosomes (By similarity).
messages: phagosome
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Cldn18
gene id: 10090:Cldn18
uniprot id: P56857
uniprot id: Q8BZS5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Isoform A1.1: Expressed in lung (PubMed:11585919). Isoform A1.2: Expressed in lung (PubMed:11585919). Isoform A2.1: Expressed in stomach (PubMed:11585919). Isoform A2.2: Expressed in stomach (PubMed:11585919).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: tight junction

10090:Vmn1r198
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r198
uniprot id: Q8R263
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Capns2
gene id: 10090:Capns2
uniprot id: Q9D7J7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction. This small subunit may act as a tissue-specific chaperone of the large subunit, possibly by helping it fold into its correct conformation for activity (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer of a large (catalytic) and a small (regulatory) subunit.

10090:Ptpn3
gene id: 10090:Ptpn3
uniprot id: A2ALK8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Pbx1
gene id: 10090:Pbx1
uniprot id: D9J2V6
uniprot id: P41778
uniprot id: Q71VB4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) In complex with PREP1, binds to the 5'-TGATTGAC-3' consensus sequence in the U5 region of Moloney murine leukemia virus and promotes viral transcription.
messages: As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2B complex in pancreatic acinar cells, is involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element.
messages: Belongs to the TALE/PBX homeobox family.
messages: Conditional knockout in hematopoietic cells leads to a reduction in the number of natural killer cell-committed progenitors in bone marrow, decreases the number of natural killer cells in bone marrow and spleen and reduces NFIL3 expression in bone marrow and splenic natural killer cells.
messages: Expressed constitutively in natural killer cell precursors in bone marrow.
messages: Forms a heterodimer with MEIS1 which binds DNA (PubMed:9525891, PubMed:19799567). The PBX1-MEIS1 heterodimer binds a cAMP-responsive sequence in CYP17 (PubMed:9525891). It also binds a consensus region in the SOX3 promoter (PubMed:19799567). PBX1 forms heterotrimers with MEIS1 and a number of HOX proteins including HOXA9, HOXD4, HOXD9 and HOXD10 (PubMed:9315626, PubMed:10082572, PubMed:10523646, PubMed:12409300). Forms heterodimers with HOXA1, HOXA5, HOXB7 and HOXB8 which bind the 5'-TGATTGAT-3' consensus sequence (By similarity). Also forms heterodimers with HOXA5, HOXB7, HOXB8, HOXC8 and HOXD4 which bind the 5'-ATCAATCAA-3' consensus sequence (PubMed:7791786). Interacts with PBXIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with TLX1 (By similarity). Interacts with FOXC1 (By similarity). Interacts with MN1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with MEIS2 isoform Meis2D, SP1, SP3 and KLF4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2B complex; PBX1b recruits MEIS2B to the complex.
messages: The homeobox is required for PBX1 nuclear localization and for transcriptional activation of NFIL3.
messages: Transcription factor which binds the DNA sequence 5'-TGATTGAT-3' as part of a heterodimer with HOX proteins such as HOXA1, HOXA5, HOXB7 and HOXB8 (By similarity). Binds the DNA sequence 5'-TGATTGAC-3' in complex with a nuclear factor which is not a class I HOX protein (By similarity). Has also been shown to bind the DNA sequence 5'-ATCAATCAA-3' cooperatively with HOXA5, HOXB7, HOXB8, HOXC8 and HOXD4 (PubMed:7791786). Acts as a transcriptional activator of PF4 in complex with MEIS1 (By similarity). Also activates transcription of SOX3 in complex with MEIS1 by binding to the 5'-TGATTGAC-3' consensus sequence (PubMed:19799567). In natural killer cells, binds to the NFIL3 promoter and acts as a transcriptional activator of NFIL3, promoting natural killer cell development (PubMed:32190943). Plays a role in the cAMP-dependent regulation of CYP17A1 gene expression via its cAMP-regulatory sequence (CRS1) (PubMed:7913464). Probably in complex with MEIS2, is involved in transcriptional regulation by KLF4 (By similarity). Acts as a transcriptional activator of NKX2-5 and a transcriptional repressor of CDKN2B (PubMed:22560297). Together with NKX2-5, required for spleen development through a mechanism that involves CDKN2B repression (PubMed:22560297).

10090:Olfr902
gene id: 10090:Olfr902
uniprot id: E9Q6Z7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn2r2
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r2
uniprot id: L7N1Z7
uniprot id: L7N2E9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Axl
gene id: 10090:Axl
uniprot id: Q00993
uniprot id: Q6PE80
uniprot id: Q8CCF8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by GAS6-binding and subsequent autophosphorylation.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. AXL/UFO subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer and heterotetramer with ligand GAS6 (By similarity). Interacts with CBL, GRB2, LCK, NCK2, PIK3R1, PIK3R2, PIK3R3, PLCG1, SOCS1 and TNS2. Part of a complex including AXL, TNK2 and GRB2, in which GRB2 promotes AXL recruitment by TNK2 (By similarity).
messages: In distinct substructures of a broad spectrum of developing tissues (in the late embryogenesis). In cells forming organ capsules as well as in connective tissue structures (in adult).
messages: Membrane
messages: Monoubiquitinated upon GAS6-binding. A very small proportion of the receptor could be subjected to polyubiquitination in a very transient fashion (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues by autocatalysis, which activates kinase activity.
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding growth factor GAS6 and which is thus regulating many physiological processes including cell survival, cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Ligand binding at the cell surface induces dimerization and autophosphorylation of AXL. Following activation by ligand, AXL binds and induces tyrosine phosphorylation of PI3-kinase subunits PIK3R1, PIK3R2 and PIK3R3; but also GRB2, PLCG1, LCK and PTPN11. Other downstream substrate candidates for AXL are CBL, NCK2, SOCS1 and TNS2. Recruitment of GRB2 and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase regulatory subunits by AXL leads to the downstream activation of the AKT kinase. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses. Also plays an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response.

10090:Plau
gene id: 10090:Plau
uniprot id: P06869
uniprot id: Q0VBA8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Found in high and low molecular mass forms. Each consists of two chains, A and B. The high molecular mass form contains a long chain A which is cleaved to yield a short chain A. Forms heterodimer with SERPINA5. Binds LRP1B; binding is followed by internalization and degradation. Interacts with MRC2. Interacts with PLAUR. In complex with SERPINE1, interacts with PLAUR/uPAR. Interacts with SORL1 and LRP1, either alone or in complex with SERPINE1; these interactions are abolished in the presence of LRPAP1/RAP. The ternary complex composed of PLAUR-PLAU-PAI1 also interacts with SORLA.
messages: Inhibited by SERPINA5.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Produced as an inactive single-chain protein (pro-uPA or sc-uPA), is processed into the active disulfide-linked two-chain form of PLAU/uPA by a proteolytic event mediated, at least, by TMPRSS4.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically cleaves the zymogen plasminogen to form the active enzyme plasmin.

10090:Olfr605
gene id: 10090:Olfr605
uniprot id: E9Q838
uniprot id: Q7TRR0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdkl3
gene id: 10090:Cdkl3
uniprot id: Q8BLF2
names: Domain
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: The [NKR]KIAxRE motif seems to be a cyclin-binding region.

10090:I830077J02Rik
gene id: 10090:I830077J02Rik
uniprot id: Q3U7U4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr593
gene id: 10090:Olfr593
uniprot id: Q8VF28
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Shh
gene id: 10090:Shh
uniprot id: Q62226
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the hedgehog family.
messages: Binds calcium and zinc ions; this stabilizes the protein fold and is essential for protein-protein interactions mediated by this domain.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in a number of embryonic tissues including the notochord, ventral neural tube, floor plate, lung bud, zone of polarizing activity and posterior distal mesenchyme of limbs. In the adult, expressed in lung and neural retina.
messages: First detectable during gastrulation.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with HHATL/GUP1 which negatively regulates HHAT-mediated palmitoylation of the SHH N-terminus (PubMed:18081866). Interacts with BOC and CDON (PubMed:18794898). Interacts with HHIP (By similarity). Interacts with DISP1 via its cholesterol anchor (PubMed:22902404, PubMed:22677548). Interacts with SCUBE2 (PubMed:24522195, PubMed:22677548). Interacts with glypican GPC3 (PubMed:18477453).
messages: Mice overexpressing Shh display digit duplications in both forelimbs and hindlimbs.
messages: Multimer.
messages: N-palmitoylation by HHAT of ShhN is required for sonic hedgehog protein N-product multimerization and full activity (PubMed:11486055, PubMed:15075292). It is a prerequisite for the membrane-proximal positioning and the subsequent shedding of this N-terminal peptide (PubMed:24522195).
messages: The C-terminal domain displays an autoproteolysis activity and a cholesterol transferase activity (PubMed:7891723, PubMed:7736596, PubMed:8824192). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein and covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated N-terminal fragment (ShhN)(PubMed:7891723, PubMed:7736596, PubMed:8824192). Cholesterylation is required for the sonic hedgehog protein N-product targeting to lipid rafts and multimerization (PubMed:24522195, PubMed:8824192). ShhN is the active species in both local and long-range signaling, whereas the C-product (ShhC) is degraded in the reticulum endoplasmic (PubMed:21357747).
messages: The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity (PubMed:8824192, PubMed:7891723, PubMed:7736596). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN (PubMed:8824192). Both activities occur in the reticulum endoplasmic (PubMed:21357747). Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:21357747).
messages: The Cardin-Weintraub (CW) motif is required for heparan sulfate binding of the solubilized ShhNp (PubMed:23118222). The N-terminal palmitoylated peptide is cleaved at the heparan sulfate-binding Cardin-Weintraub (CW) motif site (PubMed:24522195). The cleavage reduced the interactions with heparan sulfate. The cleavage is enhanced by SCUBE2 (PubMed:24522195).
messages: The dually lipidated sonic hedgehog protein N-product (ShhNp) is a morphogen which is essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites (PubMed:11430830, PubMed:24863049). Involved in the patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud (PubMed:15315762). Essential for axon guidance (PubMed:12679031). Binds to the patched (PTCH1) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes (By similarity). In the absence of SHH, PTCH1 represses the constitutive signaling activity of SMO (By similarity).
messages: The lipidated N- and C-terminal peptides of ShhNp can be cleaved (shedding)(PubMed:24522195). The N-terminal palmitoylated peptide is cleaved at the Cardin-Weintraub (CW) motif site (PubMed:24522195). The cleavage reduced the interactions with heparan sulfate (PubMed:23118222). The cleavage is enhanced by SCUBE2.
messages: The several steps and mechanisms that permit controlled Shh dispersion and gradient formation remain controversial. The ShhNC C-terminal domain displays an autoproteolysis activity and a cholesterol transferase activity resulting in the cleavage and covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated N-terminal fragment (ShhN). The protein is further modified by covalent addition of palmitate at the N-terminal of ShhN, resulting to the dual-lipidated Shh (ShhNp). ShhNp is firmly tethered to the cell membrane where it forms multimers. Further solubilization and release from the cell surface seem to be achieved through different mechanisms, including the interaction with DISP1 and SCUBE2, movement by lipoprotein particles, transport by cellular extensions called cytonemes or by proteolytic removal of both terminal lipidated peptides. Once released, the fully processed Shh can signal within embryonic tissues both at short and long-range.

10090:H3c4
gene id: 10090:H3c4
uniprot id: B9EI85
uniprot id: P84228
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Foxh1
gene id: 10090:Foxh1
uniprot id: O88621
uniprot id: Q0VEP8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expressed predominantly throughout the epiblast before gastrulation and declines as development progresses.
messages: Fails to bind DNA and cannot confer activin response element responsiveness.
messages: Interacts with the MH2 domains of SMAD2 and SMAD3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The FM region is required for binding SMAD2/SMAD4 complexes. FM2 is more effective than FM1 and only interacts with phosphorylated SMAD2 that is in an activated SMAD complex (By similarity).
messages: Transcriptional activator. Recognizes and binds to the DNA sequence 5'-TGT[GT][GT]ATT-3'. Required for induction of the goosecoid (GSC) promoter by TGF-beta or activin signaling. Forms a transcriptionally active complex containing FOXH1/SMAD2/SMAD4 on a site on the GSC promoter called TARE (TGF-beta/activin response element).

10090:Pip5k1b
gene id: 10090:Pip5k1b
uniprot id: P70181
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphatidic acid.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P/PI4P) to form phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2/PIP2), a lipid second messenger that regulates several cellular processes such as signal transduction, vesicle trafficking, actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell adhesion, and cell motility (PubMed:8798574, PubMed:9367159, PubMed:9535851, PubMed:22942276). PtdIns(4,5)P2 can directly act as a second messenger or can be utilized as a precursor to generate other second messengers: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), diacylglycerol (DAG) or phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3/PIP3) (By similarity). Mediates RAC1-dependent reorganization of actin filaments (PubMed:10679324). Contributes to the activation of phospholipase PLD2 (PubMed:11032811). Together with PIP5K1A, is required, after stimulation by G-protein coupled receptors, for the synthesis of IP3 that will induce stable platelet adhesion (PubMed:18772378).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Highly expressed in brain and testis. Barely detectable in liver and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with RAC1, AJUBA, PLD1, PLD2 and ARF1.
messages: There is confusion in the literature with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I nomenclature due to the fact that frequently mouse PIP5K1B is named Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I alpha.
messages: cytosol

10090:Abhd11
gene id: 10090:Abhd11
uniprot id: Q8K4F5
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
messages: Expressed in white adipose tissues.
messages: Up-regulated by rosiglitazone and down-regulated by high fat feeding.

10090:Slc24a2
gene id: 10090:Slc24a2
uniprot id: Q8BUN9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. SLC24A subfamily.
messages: Calcium, potassium:sodium antiporter that transports 1 Ca(2+) and 1 K(+) in exchange for 4 Na(+) (By similarity). Required for learming and memory by regulating neuronal Ca(2+), which is essential for the development of synaptic plasticity (PubMed:16407245).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice display a significan reduction in Ca(2+) flux in cortical neurons, leading to a profound loss of long term potentiation and an increase in long term depression at hippocampal Schaffer/CA1 synapses, and clear deficits in specific tests of motor learning and spatial working memory (PubMed:16407245). Mice do not show any obvious loss of photoreceptor function in cones (PubMed:16407245).

10090:Ext1
gene id: 10090:Ext1
uniprot id: P97464
uniprot id: Q3V1P4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in maturing chondrocytes.
messages: Forms a homo/heterooligomeric complex with EXT2. Interacts with NDST1.
messages: Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of heparan-sulfate. The EXT1/EXT2 complex possesses substantially higher glycosyltransferase activity than EXT1 or EXT2 alone. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Initially expressed at 6.5 dpc, which coincides with gastrulation of the embryo. High level of expression in developing limb buds at 10.5 to 12.5 dpc.
messages: Membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Gnat2
gene id: 10090:Gnat2
uniprot id: A2AE33
uniprot id: P50149
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-alpha family. G(i/o/t/z) subfamily.
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as modulators or transducers in various transmembrane signaling systems. Transducin is an amplifier and one of the transducers of a visual impulse that performs the coupling between rhodopsin and cGMP-phosphodiesterase.
messages: In the retina, expressed in the rod photoreceptors.
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Kcnk4
gene id: 10090:Kcnk4
uniprot id: O88454
uniprot id: Q0VD85
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by arachidonic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:9628867). Not affected by volatile general anesthetics such as chloroform, diethyl ether, halothane and isoflurane (PubMed:10321245).
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Channel opening is brought about by a conformation change that involves buckling of the second transmembrane helix and affects the position and orientation of the fourth transmembrane helix.
messages: Expressed in brain, spinal cord and eye. Not detected in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, lungs, kidney and testis.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice show increased sensitivity to pain caused by pressure, but also by heat.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Voltage-insensitive potassium channel (PubMed:9628867). Channel opening is triggered by mechanical forces that deform the membrane. Channel opening is triggered by raising the intracellular pH to basic levels (By similarity). The channel is inactive at 24 degrees Celsius (in vitro); raising the temperature to 37 degrees Celsius increases the frequency of channel opening, with a further increase in channel activity when the temperature is raised to 42 degrees Celsius (By similarity). Plays a role in the sensory perception of pain caused by pressure (PubMed:19279663). Plays a role in the perception of pain caused by heat (PubMed:19279663).

10090:Ythdc2
gene id: 10090:Ythdc2
uniprot id: B2RR83
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Ketu' is a harbinger of misfortune in Vedic mythology (PubMed:29360036).
messages: 3'-5' RNA helicase that plays a key role in the male and female germline by promoting transition from mitotic to meiotic divisions in stem cells (PubMed:28380054, PubMed:28809393, PubMed:29033321, PubMed:29087293, PubMed:29360036, PubMed:32470506). Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs, a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs that plays a role in the efficiency of RNA processing and stability (PubMed:29360036). Essential for ensuring a successful progression of the meiotic program in the germline by regulating the level of m6A-containing RNAs (PubMed:29033321). Acts by binding and promoting degradation of m6A-containing mRNAs: the 3'-5' RNA helicase activity is required for this process and RNA degradation may be mediated by XRN1 exoribonuclease (PubMed:29033321). Required for both spermatogenesis and oogenesis (PubMed:28809393, PubMed:29033321).
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression rises between 7 and 12 d.p.p. and remains steady through adulthood.
messages: Interacts with MEIOC; binds transcripts that regulate the mitotic cell cycle inhibiting progression into metaphase, thereby allowing meiotic prophase to proceed normally (PubMed:28380054, PubMed:29087293). Interacts (via ANK repeats) with XRN1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZCCHC4 (By similarity). Associates with the small ribosomal subunit (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable and reach adulthood (PubMed:28809393, PubMed:29087293, PubMed:29033321). However, both male and female mice are infertile; male mice have smaller testes, and female mice have smaller ovaries and show progressive loss of germ cells (PubMed:28809393, PubMed:29087293, PubMed:29033321). Mutant germ cells enter meiosis but proceed prematurely to aberrant metaphase and apoptosis, and display defects in transitioning from spermatogonial to meiotic gene expression programs (PubMed:29087293, PubMed:29033321). Mutant testes reveal an up-regulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-enriched transcripts (PubMed:29033321).
messages: Present in male and female germ cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29033321, PubMed:32470506). Highly expressed in testis (PubMed:28809393, PubMed:29033321, PubMed:29087293, PubMed:29360036). Not detected in spermatogonia next to the tubule wall but is strongly expressed in spermatocytes, suggesting that it is up-regulated in germ cells upon entry into meiosis (at protein level) (PubMed:29087293).
messages: The YTH domain mediates RNA-binding. It recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing RNAs.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Zfp185
gene id: 10090:Zfp185
uniprot id: Q62394
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, only expressed in mesenchymal cells. At 16.5 dpc expressed also in cells lining the vertebrae and tendons of the proximal tail. In late embryogenesis, expressed in mesenchymal cells adjacent to the distal limb bones (tibia and calcaneum), in tendons and in the connective tissue sheath (epimysium) surrounding the skeletal muscle. Also expressed in the epithelia of the epididymis of the testis.
messages: Expressed in skin, kidney, ovary, testis. Also expressed in brain, cartilage, heart, lung, spleen and thymus.
messages: May be involved in the regulation of cellular proliferation and/or differentiation.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Ctsf
gene id: 10090:Ctsf
uniprot id: Q9R013
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Thiol protease which is believed to participate in intracellular degradation and turnover of proteins. Has also been implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis.

10090:Ap1m1
gene id: 10090:Ap1m1
uniprot id: P35585
uniprot id: Q3UG16
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma-type subunit AP1G1 and beta-type subunit AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP1M1 or AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP1S1 or AP1S2 or AP1S3). Interacts with MARCHF11 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Phosphorylation of membrane-bound AP1M1/AP1M2 increases its affinity for sorting signals.
messages: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. The AP complexes mediate the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Cxcl10
gene id: 10090:Cxcl10
uniprot id: P17515
uniprot id: Q548V9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By interferon gamma.
messages: CXCL10-deficient mice possess a significantly reduced or delayed infiltration of NK and HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells into herpes virus-infected tissue. In consequence, the antiviral response is delayed.
messages: Expressed in the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and liver (PubMed:8145049). Expressed in astrocytes, microglia, and neurons (PubMed:15456824).
messages: Monomer, dimer, and tetramer (PubMed:18560148). Interacts with CXCR3 (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Pro-inflammatory cytokine that is involved in a wide variety of processes such as chemotaxis, differentiation, and activation of peripheral immune cells, regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and modulation of angiostatic effects (By similarity) (PubMed:28623423). Plays thereby an important role during viral infections by stimulating the activation and migration of immune cells to the infected sites (PubMed:18624292, PubMed:19017990, PubMed:28468883). Mechanistically, binding of CXCL10 to the CXCR3 receptor activates G protein-mediated signaling and results in downstream activation of phospholipase C-dependent pathway, an increase in intracellular calcium production and actin reorganization. In turn, recruitment of activated Th1 lymphocytes occurs at sites of inflammation (By similarity). Activation of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis also plays an important role in neurons in response to brain injury for activating microglia, the resident macrophage population of the central nervous system, and directing them to the lesion site. This recruitment is an essential element for neuronal reorganization (PubMed:15456824).
messages: Secreted

10090:Tfpi
gene id: 10090:Tfpi
uniprot id: O54819
uniprot id: Q8BSB7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Inhibits factor X (X(a)) directly and, in a Xa-dependent way, inhibits VIIa/tissue factor activity, presumably by forming a quaternary Xa/LACI/VIIa/TF complex. It possesses an antithrombotic action and also the ability to associate with lipoproteins in plasma (By similarity).
messages: Isoform alpha is expressed in heart and spleen; isoform beta in heart and lung.
messages: Secreted
messages: This inhibitor contains three inhibitory domains. The first domain interacts with VIIa and TF, the second one with Xa (By similarity).

10090:Ube2m
gene id: 10090:Ube2m
uniprot id: G5E919
uniprot id: P61082
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 from the UBA3-NAE1 E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. The specific interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase RBX1, but not RBX2, suggests that the RBX1-UBE2M complex neddylates specific target proteins, such as CUL1, CUL2, CUL3 and CUL4. Involved in cell proliferation.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. UBC12 subfamily.
messages: Both the N-terminal docking peptide and the catalytic core domain must bind the UBA3-NAE1 complex simultaneously for optimal transfer of NEDD8.
messages: Interacts with UBA3 and RBX1. Interacts (N-terminally acetylated form) with (via DCUN1 domain) DCUN1D1, DCUN1D2, DCUN1D3, DCUN1D4 and DCUN1D5.
messages: The acetylation of Met-1 increases affinity for DCUN1D1 by about 2 orders of magnitude and is crucial for NEDD8 transfer to cullins.

10090:Cyp4a14
gene id: 10090:Cyp4a14
uniprot id: O35728
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids (PubMed:17112342). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:17112342). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of saturated carbon hydrogen bonds of fatty acids (PubMed:17112342). May act as a major omega- and ommega-1 hydroxylase for dodecanoic (lauric) acid in kidney (PubMed:17112342). Catalyzes with low efficiency the epoxidation of 11,12-double bond of arachidonic acid (PubMed:17112342).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: By peroxisome proliferator methylclofenapate; 1000-fold in liver, 10-fold in kidney.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Gender- and strain-specific expression in kidney (at protein level). Predominantly expressed in females, the expression among strains decreasing in the following order: FVB/N > NMRI > Balb/c > 129 Sv/J > C57BL/6 (PubMed:17112342). Expressed at very low level in liver, kidney and spleen of both male and female C57BL/6 X CBA hybrid mice (PubMed:9271096).
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Kcnk3
gene id: 10090:Kcnk3
uniprot id: O35111
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer with KCNK1.
messages: Inactivated by barium.
messages: Very strong expression in heart, also detected in kidney, brain, skin, testis, lung, skeletal muscle, small intestine and stomach. Not detected in liver, thymus or spleen.
messages: pH-dependent, voltage-insensitive, background potassium channel protein. Rectification direction results from potassium ion concentration on either side of the membrane. Acts as an outward rectifier when external potassium concentration is low. When external potassium concentration is high, current is inward.

10090:Olfr824
gene id: 10090:Olfr824
uniprot id: Q8VFU4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1279
gene id: 10090:Olfr1279
uniprot id: Q8VF38
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Oas1a
gene id: 10090:Oas1a
uniprot id: P11928
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.
messages: C-terminal prenylated.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected 5 weeks after birth in developing ovary and spleen (PubMed:27663720). Expressed in fully grown, germinal vesicle (GV)-intact oocytes, in oocytes at the metaphase II stage and in the 2- to 8-cell embryos (PubMed:15899864).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in oocytes and granulosa cells of ovary, in intestine, stomach, spleen and uterus (at protein level) (PubMed:15899864). Expressed at high levels in the digestive tract and lymphoid organs (PubMed:12396720). Expressed in ovary and spleen (PubMed:27663720).
messages: Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L.
messages: Microsome
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts with OAS1D; the interaction inhibits OAS1A catalytic activity (PubMed:15899864).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced as a latent enzyme which is activated by dsRNA generated during the course of viral infection. The dsRNA activator must be at least 15 nucleotides long, and no modification of the 2'-hydroxyl group is tolerated. ssRNA or dsDNA do not act as activators.
messages: Up-regulated in response to the type I interferon IFNB1, in a STAT1 and STAT2-dependent manner (PubMed:1709495, PubMed:22305621). Induced by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) (PubMed:15899864, PubMed:27663720).

10090:Arhgap39
gene id: 10090:Arhgap39
uniprot id: P59281
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ggnbp1
gene id: 10090:Ggnbp1
uniprot id: D3Z3W4
uniprot id: Q6K1E7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Induces mitochondrial fragmentation, possibly by promoting DNM1L-dependent fission and may play a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis during spermatogenesis.
messages: Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 2 of GGN.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Specifically expressed in germ cells tightly related to meiosis. In the developing mouse testis, it is not detected in the testes of 14-day-old mice, when pachytene spermatocytes are still in their early stage, while it is detected in tubules with late pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids in the testes of 21-day-old mice.
messages: Testis-specific. In the testis, expressed only in germ cells and not in somatic cells. Expression starts in late primary spermatocytes in stage X-XII tubules and gradually increases towards step 1-3 spermatids in stage I-III tubules. Expression then declines continuously and disappears after step 7 spermatids in stage VII tubules (at protein level).
messages: The N-terminal domain is required for targeting to the mitochondrion.

10090:Spint2
gene id: 10090:Spint2
uniprot id: Q9WU03
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Inhibitor of HGF activator.
messages: Isoform 2 is more predominantly expressed than isoform 1.
messages: Membrane
messages: This inhibitor contains two inhibitory domains.

10090:Lin52
gene id: 10090:Lin52
uniprot id: B2RQ11
uniprot id: Q8CD94
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the lin-52 family.
messages: Component of the DREAM complex (also named LINC complex) at least composed of E2F4, E2F5, LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, MYBL1, MYBL2, RBL1, RBL2, RBBP4, TFDP1 and TFDP2. The complex exists in quiescent cells where it represses cell cycle-dependent genes. It dissociates in S phase when LIN9, LIN37, LIN52 and LIN54 form a subcomplex that binds to MYBL2 (By similarity).

10090:Rpf2
gene id: 10090:Rpf2
uniprot id: G3X926
uniprot id: Q9JJ80
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RPF2 family.
messages: Involved in ribosomal large subunit assembly. May regulate the localization of the 5S RNP/5S ribonucleoprotein particle to the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Nup62
gene id: 10090:Nup62
uniprot id: Q5FWJ9
uniprot id: Q63850
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleoporin NSP1/NUP62 family.
messages: Component of the p62 complex, a complex at least composed of NUP62, NUP54, and NUP58. Interacts with NUP88. Interacts with NUTF2. Interacts with HIKESHI. Interacts with OSBPL8. Interacts with CAPG. Interacts with SAS6 and TUBG1 at the centrosome. Interacts with MCM3AP (By similarity).
messages: Contains FG repeats.
messages: Essential component of the nuclear pore complex. The N-terminal is probably involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. The C-terminal is involved in protein-protein interaction probably via coiled-coil formation, promotes its association with centrosomes and may function in anchorage of p62 to the pore complex. Plays a role in mitotic cell cycle progression by regulating centrosome segregation, centriole maturation and spindle orientation. It might be involved in protein recruitment to the centrosome after nuclear breakdown.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: The inner channel of the NPC has a different redox environment from the cytoplasm and allows the formation of interchain disulfide bonds between some nucleoporins, the significant increase of these linkages upon oxidative stress reduces the permeability of the NPC.
messages: centrosome
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: spindle pole

10090:Dchs1
gene id: 10090:Dchs1
uniprot id: E9PVD3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. Mediates functions in neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. In the heart, has a critical role for proper morphogenesis of the mitral valve, acting in the regulation of cell migration involved in valve formation (PubMed:26258302).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit postnatal lethality, growth retardation, small lungs, abnormal cochlea morphology, abnormal kidney morphology, cardiovascular abnormalities and skeletal abnormalities. DCHS1 and FAT4 single mutants and DCHS1/FAT4 double mutants have similar phenotypes. Heterozygous mice lacking one DCHS1 allele exhibit mitral valve prolapse with posterior leaflet elongation, leaflet thickening, and myxomatous degeneration with increased proteoglycan accumulation in both mitral leaflets (PubMed:26258302).
messages: Expressed in all layers of the developing brain, with expression being most prominent at the ventricular margin. Expressed throughout cardiac development in the endothelial cells and interstitial cells of the developing valves (at protein level). Expression is observed in the endocardium and mesenchyme of the superior and inferior cushions at day 11.5 dpc. At days 13.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc, expression is observed in the forming anterior and posterior mitral leaflets (PubMed:26258302).
messages: Expressed in the epicardium and atrioventricular sulcus (at protein level).
messages: Heterophilic interaction with FAT4; this interaction affects their respective protein levels.

10090:Ndfip1
gene id: 10090:Ndfip1
uniprot id: Q8R0W6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activates HECT domain-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, including NEDD4 and ITCH, and consequently modulates the stability of their targets. As a result, controls many cellular processes. Prevents chronic T-helper cell-mediated inflammation by activating ITCH and thus controlling JUNB degradation (PubMed:11748237, PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). Promotes pancreatic beta cell death through degradation of JUNB and inhibition of the unfolded protein response, leading to reduction of insulin secretion (PubMed:26319551). Restricts the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in effector Th17 T-cells by promoting ITCH-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of RORC (PubMed:28051111). Together with NDFIP2, limits the cytokine signaling and expansion of effector Th2 T-cells by promoting degradation of JAK1, probably by ITCH- and NEDD4L-mediated ubiquitination (PubMed:27088444). Regulates peripheral T-cell tolerance to self and foreign antigens, forcing the exit of naive CD4+ T-cells from the cell cycle before they become effector T-cells (PubMed:24520172, PubMed:28051111). Negatively regulates RLR-mediated antiviral response by promoting SMURF1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of MAVS (By similarity). Negatively regulates KCNH2 potassium channel activity by decreasing its cell-surface expression and interfering with channel maturation through recruitment of NEDD4L to the Golgi apparatus where it mediates KCNH2 degradation (By similarity). In cortical neurons, mediates the ubiquitination of the divalent metal transporter SLC11A2/DMT1 by NEDD4L, leading to its down-regulation and protection of the cells from cobalt and iron toxicity (By similarity). Important for normal development of dendrites and dendritic spines in cortex (PubMed:23897647). Enhances the ubiquitination of BRAT1 mediated by: NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH and is required for the nuclear localization of ubiquitinated BRAT1 (PubMed:25631046). Enhances the ITCH-mediated ubiquitination of MAP…
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Forms heterodimers with NDFIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with several E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, including ITCH, NEDD4, NEDD4L and WWP2 (PubMed:11042109, PubMed:11748237, PubMed:17137798, PubMed:25632008). The interaction with NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH leads to relocalization of these proteins to exosomes and eventually to exosomal secretion (PubMed:11748237). Interacts with U2SURP (PubMed:11748237). Interacts with SLC11A2/DMT1 (By similarity). Interacts with PTEN (By similarity). May interact with phosphorylated EGFR (By similarity). Interacts with BRAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNH2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAVS (By similarity). Part of a complex containing ITCH, NDFIP1 and MAP3K7 (PubMed:25632008). Interacts (via N-terminus) with UBE2L3; the interaction mediates recruitment of UBE2L3 to ITCH (PubMed:25632008).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highly expressed in embryonic and early postnatal cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:23897647). Widely expressed (PubMed:11748237). Hardly detectable in resting T-cells; up-regulated in T-cells in response to activation (PubMed:17137798).
messages: Mutant mice appear normal at birth, but develop severe skin and gastrointestinal tract inflammation around 6 to 8 weeks of age (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). They do not survive beyond 14 weeks (PubMed:17137798). This phenotype is due to the lack of activity of ITCH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, and consequently, prolongation of JUNB half-life after T-cell activation (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). This results in an increased production of T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines and in the promotion of Th2-mediated inflammation (PubMed:17137798, PubMed:20962770). This subsequently leads to increased number of circulating, esophagus and small bowel eosinophils (PubMed:20962770). Mutant mice have thicker small bowel and do not gain as much weight as the wild type (PubMed:20962770). Mutant mice also show an increased iron transport in hepatocytes and iron accumulation in the liver around portal veins, in the villi of duodenum and throughout the brain cortex (PubMed:18776082, PubMed:19706893).
messages: Secreted
messages: The PPxY motifs are required for E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase binding and activation and for ubiquitination.
messages: Ubiquitinated by NEDD4; mono-, di- and polyubiquitinated forms are detected. Ubiquitination regulates its degradation.
messages: Undergoes transient tyrosine phosphorylation following EGF stimulation, most probably by catalyzed by SRC. Phosphorylation SRC is enhanced in the presence of NDFIP2 which may act as a scaffold to recruit SRC to NDFIP1 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated after traumatic brain injury in surviving neurons around the lesion site.
messages: dendrite
messages: synaptosome

10090:Phka1
gene id: 10090:Phka1
uniprot id: A2AI91
uniprot id: P18826
uniprot id: Q3TQJ0
uniprot id: Q3UV91
uniprot id: Q8CBA7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although the final Cys may be farnesylated, the terminal tripeptide is probably not removed, and the C-terminus is not methylated.
messages: Belongs to the phosphorylase b kinase regulatory chain family.
messages: Both isoforms are expressed in muscle.
messages: By phosphorylation of various serine residues and by calcium.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Phka1 are the cause of phosphorylase kinase deficiency in I-strain mice.
messages: Hexadecamer of 4 heterotetramers, each composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta subunits. Alpha (PHKA1 or PHKA2) and beta (PHKB) are regulatory subunits, gamma (PHKG1 or PHKG2) is the catalytic subunit, and delta is calmodulin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I.
messages: Phosphorylase b kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of serine in certain substrates, including troponin I. The alpha chain may bind calmodulin.

10090:Pex19
gene id: 10090:Pex19
uniprot id: Q8VCI5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peroxin-19 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with a broad range of peroxisomal membrane proteins, including PEX3, PEX10, PEX11A, PEX11B, PEX12, PEX13, PEX14 and PEX16, PXMP2/PMP22, PXMP4/PMP24, SLC25A17/PMP34, ABCD1/ALDP, ABCD2/ALDRP, and ABCD3/PMP70. Also interacts with the tumor suppressor CDKN2A/p19ARF (By similarity).
messages: Necessary for early peroxisomal biogenesis. Acts both as a cytosolic chaperone and as an import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). Binds and stabilizes newly synthesized PMPs in the cytoplasm by interacting with their hydrophobic membrane-spanning domains, and targets them to the peroxisome membrane by binding to the integral membrane protein PEX3. Excludes CDKN2A from the nucleus and prevents its interaction with MDM2, which results in active degradation of TP53.
messages: Peroxisome membrane

10090:Rab28
gene id: 10090:Rab28
uniprot id: Q99KL7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Onecut1
gene id: 10090:Onecut1
uniprot id: O08755
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CUT homeobox family.
messages: Binds DNA as a monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator. Binds the consensus sequence 5'-DHWATTGAYTWWD-3' on a variety of gene promoters such as those of HNF3B and TTR. Important for liver genes transcription. Stimulates the expression of Onecut3 in the developing endoderm.

10090:Fam228b
gene id: 10090:Fam228b
uniprot id: Q497Q6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM228 family.

10090:Defb1
gene id: 10090:Defb1
uniprot id: P56386
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Detected in kidney.
messages: Has bactericidal activity. May act as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR6. Positively regulates the sperm motility and bactericidal activity in a CCR6-dependent manner. Binds to CCR6 and triggers Ca2+ mobilization in the sperm which is important for its motility.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pdpn
gene id: 10090:Pdpn
uniprot id: Q62011
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: At 12.5 dpc and 13.5 dpc is expressed in the endothelial cells of forming lymph sacs.
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the podoplanin family.
messages: Detected at high levels in lung and brain, at lower levels in kidney, stomach, liver, spleen and esophagus, and not detected in skin and small intestine. Expressed in epithelial cells of choroid plexus, ependyma, glomerulus and alveolus, in mesothelial cells and in endothelia of lymphatic vessels. Also expressed in stromal cells of peripheral lymphoid tissue and thymic epithelial cells. Detected in carcinoma cell lines and cultured fibroblasts. Expressed at higher levels in colon carcinomas than in normal colon tissue.
messages: Down-regulated by treatment with puromycin aminonucleoside (PubMed:12032185). Up-regulated during progression to highly aggressive tumors and during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (PubMed:20962267).
messages: Extensively O-glycosylated. Contains sialic acid residues. O-glycosylation is necessary for platelet aggregation activity. Disialylated at Thr-52; sialic acid is critical for platelet-aggregating activity and for CLEC1B interaction (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CLEC1B; the interaction is independent of CLEC1B glycosylation and activates CLEC1B; the interaction is dependent of sialic acid on O-glycans (PubMed:17616532). Interacts with CD9; this interaction is homophilic and attenuates platelet aggregation and pulmonary metastasis induced by PDPN. Interacts with LGALS8; the interaction is glycosylation-dependent; may participate in connection of the lymphatic endothelium to the surrounding extracellular matrix. Interacts with HSPA9. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with CD44; this interaction is required for PDPN-mediated directional migration and regulation of lamellipodia extension/stabilization during cell spreading and migration. Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with MSN and EZR; activates RHOA and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Interacts with CCL21; relocalized PDPN to the basolateral membrane (By similarity).
messages: Mediates effects on cell migration and adhesion through its different partners. During development plays a role in blood and lymphatic vessels separation by binding CLEC1B, triggering CLEC1B activation in platelets and leading to platelet activation and/or aggregation (PubMed:14522983, PubMed:15231832, PubMed:20110424, PubMed:17616532). Interaction with CD9, on the contrary, attenuates platelet aggregation and pulmonary metastasis induced by PDPN. Mediates effects on cell migration and adhesion through its different partners. Through MSN or EZR interaction promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to ERZ phosphorylation and triggering RHOA activation leading to cell migration increase and invasiveness. Interaction with CD44 promotes directional cell migration in epithelial and tumor cells (By similarity). In lymph nodes (LNs), controls fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and contraction of the actomyosin by maintaining ERM proteins (EZR; MSN and RDX) and MYL9 activation through association with unknown transmembrane proteins. Engagement of CLEC1B by PDPN promotes FRCs relaxation by blocking lateral membrane interactions leading to reduction of ERM proteins (EZR; MSN and RDX) and MYL9 activation (PubMed:25347465). Through binding with LGALS8 may participate in connection of the lymphatic endothelium to the surrounding extracellular matrix (By similarity). In keratinocytes, induces changes in cell morphology showing an elongated shape, numerous membrane protrusions, major reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, increased motility and decreased cell adhesion (PubMed:10574709). Controls invadopodia stability and maturation leading to efficient degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tumor cells through modulation of RHOC activity in order to activate ROCK1/ROCK2 and LIMK1/LIMK2 and inactivation of CFL1 (By similarity). Required for normal lung cell proliferation and alveolus formation at birth (PubMed:…
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice die at birth of respiratory failure due to a low number of attenuated type I cells, narrow and irregular air spaces, and defective formation of alveolar saccules (PubMed:12654292). Knockout Pdpn mice neonates are smaller, and approximately 55% died during the first postnatal week. However, approximately 20% survived, had normal weights and life spans, and are fertile (PubMed:20110424).
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA; decreases cell migration.
messages: The N-terminus is blocked.
messages: The cytoplasmic domain controls FRC elongation but is dispensable for contraction (PubMed:25347465). The cytoplasmic domain is essential for recruitment to invadopodia and ECM degradation (By similarity).
messages: filopodium membrane
messages: invadopodium
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: microvillus membrane
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Aldh18a1
gene id: 10090:Aldh18a1
uniprot id: Q9Z110
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Bifunctional enzyme that converts glutamate to glutamate 5-semialdehyde, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of proline, ornithine and arginine.
messages: Homohexamer or homotetramer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the glutamate 5-kinase family.
messages: Isoform Short: Inhibited by L-ornithine with a Ki of approximately 0.25 mm. Isoform Long: Insensitive to ornithine inhibition. Thus, the two amino acid insert in the long isoform abolishes feedback inhibition of P5CS activity by L-ornithine.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ccr1l1
gene id: 10090:Ccr1l1
uniprot id: P51676
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the spleen, liver and leukocytes.
messages: Probable receptor for a C-C type chemokine.

10090:Zdhhc3
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc3
uniprot id: A0A571BEV7
uniprot id: Q8R173
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autopalmitoylated.
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Golgi-localized palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates (PubMed:15229235, PubMed:15603741, PubMed:16129400, PubMed:19001095, PubMed:23793055, PubMed:25253725, PubMed:26487721). Has no stringent fatty acid selectivity and in addition to palmitate can also transfer onto target proteins myristate from tetradecanoyl-CoA and stearate from octadecanoyl-CoA (Probable). Plays an important role in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways involving GNAQ and potentially other heterotrimeric G proteins by regulating their dynamic association with the plasma membrane (PubMed:19001095). Palmitoylates ITGA6 and ITGB4, thereby regulating the alpha-6/beta-4 integrin localization, expression and function in cell adhesion to laminin (By similarity). Plays a role in the TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway most probably through the palmitoylation and localization to the plasma membrane of TNFRSF10A (By similarity). In the brain, by palmitoylating the gamma subunit GABRG2 of GABA(A) receptors and regulating their postsynaptic accumulation, plays a role in synaptic GABAergic inhibitory function and GABAergic innervation (PubMed:15229235, PubMed:17151279, PubMed:27875292). Palmitoylates the neuronal protein GAP43 which is also involved in the formation of GABAergic synapses (PubMed:27875292). Palmitoylates NCDN thereby regulating its association with endosome membranes (PubMed:23687301). Probably palmitoylates PRCD and is involved in its proper localization within the photoreceptor (PubMed:27613864). Could mediate the palmitoylation of NCAM1 and regulate neurite outgrowth (PubMed:27247265). Could palmitoylate DNAJC5 and regulate its localization to Golgi membranes (PubMed:18596047). Also constitutively palmitoylates DLG4 (PubMed:15603741). May also palmitoylate SNAP25 (PubMed:25253725). Could palmitoylate the glutamate receptors GRIA1 and GRIA2 but this has not been confirmed in vivo (PubMed:16129400, PubMed:27875292). Coul…
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable, fertile and do not display overt phenotype (PubMed:27875292). Male show a modest reduction in body weight (PubMed:27875292). Zdhhc3 and Zdhhc7 double knockout mice show a perinatally lethal phenotype (PubMed:27875292).
messages: May also function as a calcium transporter.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer (PubMed:23793055). Homooligomers (PubMed:17151279, PubMed:23793055). The monomeric form has a higher catalytic activity (PubMed:23793055). Forms heterooligomers with ZDHHC7 (PubMed:17151279). Interacts with TNFRSF10A (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation by FGFR1 and SRC probably regulates the palmitoyltransferase activity.
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in brain. In the brain, expressed only in neurons (at protein level).

10090:Cc2d1a
gene id: 10090:Cc2d1a
uniprot id: Q8K1A6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CC2D1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 12 dpc throughout the ventricular zone and developing cortical plate and ganglionic eminences. At 16 dpc detected throughout the brain but most strongly in the cortical plate. At postnatal day 3 expressed widely with strong expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, expression is enriched in the gray matter and strongest in the olfactory bulb.
messages: Knockout mice die soon after birth, apparently because of their inability to breathe.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C2 domain is required for the repression.
messages: Transcription factor that binds specifically to the DRE (dual repressor element) and represses HTR1A gene transcription in neuronal cells. The combination of calcium and ATP specifically inactivates the binding with FRE. May play a role in the altered regulation of HTR1A associated with anxiety and major depression. Mediates HDAC-independent repression of HTR1A promoter in neuronal cell. Performs essential function in controlling functional maturation of synapses.
messages: centrosome

10090:Cd248
gene id: 10090:Cd248
uniprot id: Q91V98
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 19 dpc in embryo.
messages: Expressed in cell lines derived from endothelial cells, embryonic fibroblasts and preadipocytes.
messages: May be N-glycosylated.
messages: May play a role in angiogenesis or vascular function.
messages: Membrane
messages: O-glycosylated by sialylated oligosaccharides.

10090:Cacnb4
gene id: 10090:Cacnb4
uniprot id: A2ATZ8
uniprot id: Q3TYI5
uniprot id: Q8R0S4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel beta subunit family.
messages: The L-type calcium channel is composed of four subunits: alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and gamma. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity). Interacts with CBARP (PubMed:24751537).
messages: The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and inactivation, modulating G protein inhibition and controlling the alpha-1 subunit membrane targeting.

10090:Ipo7
gene id: 10090:Ipo7
uniprot id: Q9EPL8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the importin beta family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a heterodimer with KPNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with histone H1 (By similarity). Interacts with H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones (PubMed:11493596). Interacts with SNUPN and XPO1 (By similarity). Interacts with RPS7 and RPL5 (By similarity). Interacts with RPL23A (via BIB domain) (By similarity). Binds directly to nuclear pore complexes (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD4 and NUP93; translocates SMAD4 to the nucleus through the NPC upon BMP7 stimulation resulting in activation of SMAD4 signaling (By similarity). Interacts with SRP19 (By similarity).
messages: Functions in nuclear protein import, either by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor or as an adapter-like protein in association with the importin-beta subunit KPNB1. Acting autonomously is thought to serve itself as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) and to promote translocation of import substrates through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran. Mediates autonomously the nuclear import of ribosomal proteins RPL23A, RPS7 and RPL5 (By similarity). In association with KPNB1 mediates the nuclear import of H1 histone and the Ran-binding site of IPO7 is not required but synergizes with that of KPNB1 in importin/substrate complex dissociation (By similarity). In vitro, mediates nuclear import of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones (PubMed:11493596).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hemgn
gene id: 10090:Hemgn
uniprot id: Q9ERZ0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at 8.5 dpc in the blood islands of the yolk sac and in the circulating primitive blood cells. Expressed in the circulating blood cells at 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc. Detected in the developing hepatic primordia at 10.5 dpc. From 11.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc, exclusively expressed in the fetal liver.
messages: Expressed in hematopoietic precursor cells. Highly expressed in bone marrow, the red pulp of the spleen and round spermatids. Weakly expressed in peripheral blood cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells. Overexpression block the TPA-induced megakaryocytic differentiation in the K562 cell model. May also prevent cell apoptosis through the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) (By similarity).

10090:Polg2
gene id: 10090:Polg2
uniprot id: Q3V3E7
uniprot id: Q9QZM2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Heterotrimer composed of a catalytic subunit and a homodimer of accessory subunits.
messages: Mitochondrial polymerase processivity subunit. It regulates the polymerase and exonuclease activities promoting processive DNA synthesis. Binds to ss-DNA.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Sorbs2
gene id: 10090:Sorbs2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1W0
uniprot id: A0A0S3CWK3
uniprot id: A0A1L7NR37
uniprot id: B2RXQ9
uniprot id: B7ZWM6
uniprot id: B9EKP8
uniprot id: D3Z080
uniprot id: Q3UTJ2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in the assembling of signaling complexes, being a link between ABL kinases and actin cytoskeleton. Can form complex with ABL1 and CBL, thus promoting ubiquitination and degradation of ABL1 (By similarity). May play a role in the regulation of pancreatic cell adhesion, possibly by acting on WASF1 phosphorylation, enhancing phosphorylation by ABL1, as well as dephosphorylation by PTPN12 (By similarity).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ABL, CBL, DNM1, DNM2, FLOT1, AFDN, PTK2B/PYK2, SAPAP, SPTAN1, SYNJ1, SYNJ2, VCL/vinculin, WASF, ABL1/c-Abl, ABL2/v-Abl/Arg, ACTN, CBL and PALLD. Interacts with PTPN12 and WASF1 via its SH3 domains; this interaction may mediate the partial PTPN12 and WASF1 translocation to focal adhesion sites.
messages: The first 2 SH3 domains are required for WASF1-binding. All 3 SH3 domains can bind independently to PTPN12.
messages: Ubiquitinated by CBL.
messages: Z line
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Olfr1245
gene id: 10090:Olfr1245
uniprot id: A0A1L1SQJ6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ndufs2
gene id: 10090:Ndufs2
uniprot id: Q91WD5
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the complex I 49 kDa subunit family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Core subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is composed of 45 different subunits. Component of the iron-sulfur (IP) fragment of the enzyme. Interacts with NDUFAF3. Interacts with NDUFAF7 (By similarity). Interacts with CERS2 (PubMed:32279995).
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor (PubMed:26437605, PubMed:29887397, PubMed:31297047). Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I (PubMed:26437605, PubMed:29887397, PubMed:31297047). Redox-sensitive, critical component of the oxygen-sensing pathway in the pulmonary vasculature which plays a key role in acute pulmonary oxygen-sensing and hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (PubMed:30922174). Plays an important role in carotid body sensing of hypoxia (PubMed:26437605, PubMed:29887397). Essential for glia-like neural stem and progenitor cell proliferation, differentiation and subsequent oligodendrocyte or neuronal maturation (PubMed:31297047).
messages: Dimethylation at Arg-118 by NDUFAF7 takes place after NDUFS2 assembles into the complex I, leading to stabilize the early intermediate complex.
messages: Knockout mice show early perinatal death and major defects in the CNS, compromising especially the postnatal development of dorsal cortex, corpus callosum, hippocampus and cerebellum (PubMed:31297047). Neonatal neurogenesis and gliogenesis are deeply impaired (PubMed:31297047).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Eid2b
gene id: 10090:Eid2b
uniprot id: E9Q2Y0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc5a8
gene id: 10090:Slc5a8
uniprot id: Q8BYF6
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an electrogenic sodium (Na(+)) and chloride (Cl-)-dependent sodium-coupled solute transporter, including transport of monocarboxylates (short-chain fatty acids including L-lactate, D-lactate, pyruvate, acetate, propionate, valerate and butyrate), lactate, mocarboxylate drugs (nicotinate, benzoate, salicylate and 5-aminosalicylate) and ketone bodies (beta-D-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and alpha-ketoisocaproate), with a Na(+):substrate stoichiometry of between 4:1 and 2:1. Catalyzes passive carrier mediated diffusion of iodide. Mediates iodide transport from the thyrocyte into the colloid lumen through the apical membrane. May be responsible for the absorption of D-lactate and monocarboxylate drugs from the intestinal tract. May play a critical role in the entry of L-lactate and ketone bodies into neurons by a process driven by an electrochemical Na(+) gradient and hence contribute to the maintenance of the energy status and function of neurons.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
messages: Expressed in brain, colon, kidney and in the ileum and jejunum of small intestine. In the kidney, expression occurred in the proximal tubule and the loop of Henle, being restricted to tubular epithelial cells in both the cortex and the medulla. In the colon, predominantly expressed in the distal half of the large bowel and in the most terminal ileum. Localized selectively in the luminal surface of crypts in the large intestine and to the brush border in the middle parts of crypts in the cecum. In the brain, expression was seen throughout, exclusively in neurons, including the cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and pituitary gland (at protein level). Expression is reduced in oligodendrogliomas.
messages: Membrane
messages: Transport of D-lactate and pyruvate stimulated by alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid, but inhibited by the short-chain fatty acids acetate, propionate and butyrate.

10090:Lmnb1
gene id: 10090:Lmnb1
uniprot id: P14733
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: B-type lamins undergo a series of modifications, such as farnesylation and phosphorylation. Increased phosphorylation of the lamins occurs before envelope disintegration and probably plays a role in regulating lamin associations.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with lamin-associated polypeptides IA, IB and 2. Interacts with SPAG4 and SEPT12 (By similarity).
messages: Lamins are components of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer on the nucleoplasmic side of the inner nuclear membrane, which is thought to provide a framework for the nuclear envelope and may also interact with chromatin.
messages: Nucleus lamina
messages: The structural integrity of the lamina is strictly controlled by the cell cycle, as seen by the disintegration and formation of the nuclear envelope in prophase and telophase, respectively.

10090:Pls3
gene id: 10090:Pls3
uniprot id: Q99K51
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Actin-bundling protein.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.

10090:Slc38a11
gene id: 10090:Slc38a11
uniprot id: Q3USY0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative sodium-dependent amino acid/proton antiporter.

10090:Hand1
gene id: 10090:Hand1
uniprot id: Q64279
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms homodimers and heterodimers with TCF3 gene products E12 and E47, HAND2 and HEY1, HEY2 and HEYL (hairy-related transcription factors). Interacts with MDFIC. Interacts with SOX15; the interaction enhances HAND1-induced differentiation of trophoblast giant cells (PubMed:16759287).
messages: Phosphorylation by PLK4 disrupts the interaction with MDFIC and leads to translocation into the nucleoplasm, allowing dimerization and transcription factor activity.
messages: Present as a maternal transcript in the egg as well as during cleavage development before blastocyst formation. At 7.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all trophoblast cells (PubMed:16759287). Expression seen in the ectoplacental cone and extraembryonic mesodermal components of the amnion, allantois and visceral yolk sac. This high extraembryonic expression persists in the embryonic component of the placenta throughout development. In the embryo, expressed at 7.75 dpc in the lateral mesoderm along the entire length of the embryo as well as throughout the precardiogenic mesoderm. At 8.0 dpc, in the developing heart, expression becomes restricted to the rostral and caudal regions of the straight heart tube, which are fated to form the conotruncus and left ventricle, respectively. Symmetric expression is observed along the left-right axis in the caudal heart tube and lateral mesoderm. As cardiac looping occurs, the interrupted anterior-posterior patterning is maintained with expression in the future left, but not right ventricle. Expressed in the myocardium, but not in the endocardium, and specifically on the greater curvature of the looping heart which is opposed to the pericardium. After day 10.5 dpc, the high cardiac expression level declines abruptly. By 13.5 dpc, expression in the heart is restricted to the regions of valve formation. Besides the heart, expression becomes detectable in the gut at 9.0 dpc. At 10.0 dpc, expressed also in the lateral mesoderm and in the neural crest-derived branchial arches. At 10.5 dpc prominent expression in the gut, pharyngeal arches and in sympathetic ganglion primordia. At that stage, a low level of transient expression is seen in the distal posterior region of the limb bud. At 12 dpc expressed in the conceptus trophoblast giant cell layer in the placenta (PubMed:16759287). At 13.5 dpc expressed in neural crest derivatives, with abundant expression in the autonomic nervous system and adrenal medulla.
messages: Smooth muscle cells of the gut and adrenal tissue.
messages: Transcription factor that plays an essential role in both trophoblast giant cell differentiation and in cardiac morphogenesis (PubMed:9500551, PubMed:16759287). Binds the DNA sequence 5'-NRTCTG-3' (non-canonical E-box) (PubMed:7791788). Acts as a transcriptional repressor of SOX15 (PubMed:16759287). In the adult, could be required for ongoing expression of cardiac-specific genes (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Apod
gene id: 10090:Apod
uniprot id: P51910
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: APOD occurs in the macromolecular complex with lecithin-transport and binding of bilin. Appears to be able to transport a variety of ligands in a number of different contexts.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Highest levels of expression in brain, testis, virgin mammary gland and salivary gland. Moderate levels in skeletal muscle, lactating mammary gland and thymus. Low levels in lung and lymph node. No expression in kidney, pancreas, liver or spleen.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Secreted

10090:Agr3
gene id: 10090:Agr3
uniprot id: Q8R3W7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AGR family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in the ciliated cells of the airway epithelium. Not detected in the mucous cells.
messages: Interacts with LYPD3 and DAG1 (alphaDAG1).
messages: Knockout mice develop ciliated cells with normal-appearing cilia and histology. However, ciliary beat frequency was lower in airways from knockout mice compared with control mice in presence of calcium (20% lower in the absence of stimulation, 35% lower after ATP stimulation). Knockout mice show reduced mucociliary clearance. Knockout mice do not seem to show endoplasmic reticulum stress response.
messages: Required for calcium-mediated regulation of ciliary beat frequency and mucociliary clearance in the airway. Might be involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium in tracheal epithelial cells.

10090:Plaat1
gene id: 10090:Plaat1
uniprot id: Q9QZU4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in brain, heart, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Belongs to the H-rev107 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exhibits both phospholipase A1/2 and acyltransferase activities (By similarity). Shows phospholipase A1 (PLA1) and A2 (PLA2) activity, catalyzing the calcium-independent release of fatty acids from the sn-1 or sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids (PubMed:21880860). Shows O-acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the transfer of a fatty acyl group from glycerophospholipid to the hydroxyl group of lysophospholipid (By similarity). Shows N-acyltransferase activity, catalyzing the calcium-independent transfer of a fatty acyl group at the sn-1 position of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and other glycerophospholipids to the primary amine of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), forming N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE), which serves as precursor for N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, brain, bone marrow and testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Serpinb3d
gene id: 10090:Serpinb3d
uniprot id: Q6UKZ0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Defb34
gene id: 10090:Defb34
uniprot id: Q7TNV8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Only expressed in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda).
messages: Secreted

10090:Bop1
gene id: 10090:Bop1
uniprot id: P97452
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat BOP1/ERB1 family.
messages: Component of the PeBoW complex, composed of BOP1, PES1 and WDR12 (PubMed:15225545, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17353269). The complex is held together by BOP1, which interacts with PES1 via its N-terminal domain and with WDR12 via a high-affinity interaction between the seven-bladed beta-propeller domains of the 2 proteins. The NOP7 complex associates with the 66S pre-ribosome. The PeBoW complex associates with DDX27, BOP1 interacts directly with DDX27 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the PeBoW complex, which is required for maturation of 28S and 5.8S ribosomal RNAs and formation of the 60S ribosome.
messages: Expressed in brain, gut, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, ovary, skin, spleen and testis.
messages: Expression in quiescent fibroblasts is induced by serum stimulation.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Vmn1r169
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r169
uniprot id: L7N275
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pwwp3b
gene id: 10090:Pwwp3b
uniprot id: Q4VA55
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PWWP3A family.

10090:Katnb1
gene id: 10090:Katnb1
uniprot id: Q8BG40
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat KATNB1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homozygous loss of the gene is embryonic lethal. Mutant animals have dramatically reduced body size, reduced limb bud outgrowth, microphthalmia to anophthalmia and forebrain abnormalities ranging from microcephaly to holoprosencephaly. Brains of mutant mice have reduced cycling and proliferating radial neuroepithelial progenitor cells compared to wild-type, with a more profound loss of cells that depend upon asymmetrical cell divisions. These cells also show evidence of increased apoptosis.
messages: Interacts with KATNA1. This interaction enhances the microtubule binding and severing activity of KATNA1 and also targets this activity to the centrosome (PubMed:16203747). This interaction is weakly competed by KATNBL1 which has a lower affinity for it (By similarity). Interacts with ASPM; the katanin complex formation KATNA1:KATNB1 is required for the association of ASPM (PubMed:28436967). Interacts with dynein, microtubules, NDEL1 and PAFAH1B1 (PubMed:16203747). Interacts with KATNAL1; this interaction is weakly competed by KATNBL1 which has a lower affinity for it (By similarity). Interacts with CAMSAP2 and CAMSAP3; leading to regulate the length of CAMSAP-decorated microtubule stretches (By similarity).
messages: Participates in a complex which severs microtubules in an ATP-dependent manner. May act to target the enzymatic subunit of this complex to sites of action such as the centrosome. Microtubule severing may promote rapid reorganization of cellular microtubule arrays and the release of microtubules from the centrosome following nucleation. Microtubule release from the mitotic spindle poles may allow depolymerization of the microtubule end proximal to the spindle pole, leading to poleward microtubule flux and poleward motion of chromosome. The function in regulating microtubule dynamics at spindle poles seems to depend on the association of the katanin KATNA1:KATNB1 complex with ASPM which recruits it to microtubules. Reversely KATNA1:KATNB1 can enhance ASPM blocking activity on microtubule minus-end growth. Microtubule release within the cell body of neurons may be required for their transport into neuronal processes by microtubule-dependent motor proteins. This transport is required for axonal growth.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Mif4gd
gene id: 10090:Mif4gd
uniprot id: Q3UBZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MIF4GD family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions in replication-dependent translation of histone mRNAs which differ from other eukaryotic mRNAs in that they do not end with a poly-A tail but a stem-loop. May participate in circularizing those mRNAs specifically enhancing their translation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with EIF4G1, EIF4G2 and SLBP; probably tethered by SLBP to the 3'-end of mRNAs ending with the histone stem-loop, it also interacts with EIF4G1 which is bound to their 5'-end.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dll3
gene id: 10090:Dll3
uniprot id: O88516
uniprot id: Q3UND5
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A truncating mutation in Dll3 is the cause of the pudgy (pu) phenotype. Pudgy mice exhibit patterning defects at the earliest stages of somitogenesis. Adult pudgy mice present severe vertebral and rib deformities.
messages: Can bind and activate Notch-1 or another Notch receptor.
messages: Inhibits primary neurogenesis. May be required to divert neurons along a specific differentiation pathway. Plays a role in the formation of somite boundaries during segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in the neuroectoderm and paraxial mesoderm during embryogenesis.
messages: The DSL domain is required for binding to the Notch receptor.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MIB (MIB1 or MIB2), leading to its endocytosis and subsequent degradation.

10090:Dclk2
gene id: 10090:Dclk2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YX33
uniprot id: Q6PGN3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 17.5 dpc, predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, throughout the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain, and the spinal cord. Expressed in the developing neocortex and at low levels in the ventricular zone, especially in the outer neuroblastic layer. In the developing retina, strongly expressed in the postmitotic inner neuroblastic layer. Also found in the developing ovary and, to a lower extent, throughout the kidney.
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.
messages: Binds to and stabilizes microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK8IP1/JIP-1, MAPK8IP2/JIP-2, MAPK9/JNK2, PPP1R9B/NEURABIN-2 and actin.
messages: Expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system including the brain, spinal cord, cranial and dorsal root ganglia and in the parasympathetic ganglia. Present in neurons, but not in glial cells, in most forebrain areas. Strong expression in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell layer. Expressed in the photoreceptor sensory cilium complex and in eyes. Also detected in individual cells of the olfactory epithelium.
messages: Frequent spontaneous seizures that originate in the hippocampus, with most animals dying in the first few months of life.
messages: Protein kinase with a significantly reduced Ca(2+)+/CAM affinity and dependence compared to other members of the CaMK family. May play a role in the down-regulation of CRE-dependent gene activation probably by phosphorylation of the CREB coactivator CRTC2/TORC2 and the resulting retention of TORC2 in the cytoplasm.
messages: The doublecortin domains are involved in the colocalization with microtubules.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Kif27
gene id: 10090:Kif27
uniprot id: Q7M6Z4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. KIF27 subfamily.
messages: Interacts with STK36.
messages: Plays an essential role in motile ciliogenesis.
messages: cilium
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Hoxa7
gene id: 10090:Hoxa7
uniprot id: P02830
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Jade1
gene id: 10090:Jade1
uniprot id: Q6ZPI0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the JADE family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the HBO1 complex composed at least of ING4 or ING5, KAT7/HBO1, MEAF6, and one of JADE1, JADE2 and JADE3. Interacts with NPHP4.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed from 6.5 dpc. From 12.5 to 15.5 dpc, expressed in the nervous system and developing muscles.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney. Also present in liver (at protein level).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, and show no visible phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Scaffold subunit of some HBO1 complexes, which have a histone H4 acetyltransferase activity. Plays a key role in HBO1 complex by directing KAT7/HBO1 specificity towards histone H4 acetylation (H4K5ac, H4K8ac and H4K12ac), regulating DNA replication initiation, regulating DNA replication initiation. May also promote acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 by KAT5. Promotes apoptosis. May act as a renal tumor suppressor. Negatively regulates canonical Wnt signaling; at least in part, cooperates with NPHP4 in this function.
messages: The 2 PHD-type zinc fingers are required for transcriptional activity.
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Serpina1e
gene id: 10090:Serpina1e
uniprot id: Q00898
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Does not inhibit elastase or chymotrypsin. No target protease has been identified to date.
messages: Murine alpha-1-antitrypsin is represented by a cluster of up to 6 individual Serpina1-related genes. The precise complement of Serpina1-related genes present varies according to the strain of the animal.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the serpin reactive site and the active site of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina1-related genes may determine target protease specificity.

10090:Olfr1199
gene id: 10090:Olfr1199
uniprot id: Q8VF94
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrrtm3
gene id: 10090:Lrrtm3
uniprot id: Q8BZ81
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRRTM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in neuronal tissues.
messages: May play a role in the development and maintenance of the vertebrate nervous system. Exhibits a limited synaptogenic activity in vitro, restricted to excitatory presynaptic differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Sun1
gene id: 10090:Sun1
uniprot id: Q9D666
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton (PubMed:20711465, PubMed:16380439, PubMed:24062341, PubMed:25892231, PubMed:26842404). The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning (PubMed:19874786). Required for interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) and essential for nucleokinesis and centrosome-nucleus coupling during radial neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex and during glial migration (PubMed:19874786). Involved in telomere attachment to nuclear envelope in the prophase of meiosis implicating a SUN1/2:KASH5 LINC complex in which SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act at least partial redundantly (PubMed:17543860, PubMed:19211677, PubMed:19509342, PubMed:24062341, PubMed:25892231, PubMed:26842404). Required for gametogenesis and involved in selective gene expression of coding and non-coding RNAs needed for gametogenesis (PubMed:17543860). Helps to define the distribution of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) (PubMed:17724119). Required for efficient localization of SYNE4 in the nuclear envelope (PubMed:23348741). May be involved in nuclear remodeling during sperm head formation in spermatogenesis (PubMed:20711465). May play a role in DNA repair by suppressing non-homologous end joining repair to facilitate the repair of DNA cross-links (By similarity).
messages: Core component of the LINC complex which is composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, differentially expression of LINC complex constituents is giving rise to specific assemblies. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. Interacts with KASH5 (via the last 22 amino acids); this interaction mediates KASH5 telomere localization by forming a SUN1:KASH5 LINC complex. Isoform 5 is proposed to form a non-nuclear spermatogenesis-specific LINC complex with SYNE3 during sperm head formation. Interacts with SYNE2 and SYNE1; probably forming respective LINC complexes. Interacts with A-type lamin with a strong preference for unprocessed A-type lamin compared with the mature protein. Interaction with lamins B1 and C is hardly detectable. Interacts with NAT10. Interacts with EMD and TSNAX. Associates with the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Interacts with CCDC79/TERB1; promoting the accumulation of the LINC complex complexes at the telomere-nuclear envelope attachment sites. Interacts with IRAG2 (PubMed:29878215). Interacts (via KASH domain) with TMEM258 (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 5 may be involved in nuclear remodeling during sperm head formation in spermatogenesis. A probable SUN1 isoform 5:SYNE3 LINC complex may tether spermatid nuclei to anterior cytoskeletal structures such as actin filaments present at membraneous junctions of spermatids and Sertoli cells.
messages: Mutant mice are viable, but display hearing loss at all frequencies.
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: The SUN domain may play a role in nuclear anchoring and/or migration.
messages: The coiled coil domains differentially mediate trimerization required for binding to nesprins and are proposed to dynamically regulate the oligomeric state by locking the SUN domain in an inactive confirmation. The coiled coil domains are proposed to be involved in load-bearing and force transmission from the cytoskeleton.
messages: The disulfide bond with KASH domain-containing nesprins is required for stability of the respective LINC complexes under tensile forces.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in cochlear outer hair cells (at protein level). Seven isoforms are expressed in testis including testis-specific isoform 5. Isoform 5 is the only isoform expressed at the end of sperm differentiation. Six isoforms are expressed in muscle, heart and brain, four isoforms in kidney and three isoforms in liver.
messages: acrosome outer membrane

10090:Mb
gene id: 10090:Mb
uniprot id: P04247
uniprot id: Q3UVB1
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the globin family.
messages: Serves as a reserve supply of oxygen and facilitates the movement of oxygen within muscles.

10090:Gbp2b
gene id: 10090:Gbp2b
uniprot id: A4UUI2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family.

10090:Ndrg3
gene id: 10090:Ndrg3
uniprot id: Q544I1
uniprot id: Q8VCV2
uniprot id: Q9QYF9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NDRG family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain, followed by small intestine and kidney (at protein level). Also expressed in thymus.
messages: Its expression is already significant at 9.5 dpc, covering the entire embryo except the heart, and it shows only a slight increase in later developmental stages.

10090:Cilk1
gene id: 10090:Cilk1
uniprot id: Q9JKV2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc, expressed in the brain cortex, including the cortical plate, intermediate zone, and ventricular and subventricular zones.
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. Phosphorylation at Thr-157 by CDK7/Cak1p increases kinase activity.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Has an essential role in ciliogenesis, particularly in neuronal and retinal progenitor cells (PubMed:24797473). Phosphorylates KIF3A (PubMed:24797473). Involved in the control of ciliary length (PubMed:24853502). Regulates the ciliary localization of SHH pathway components as well as the localization of IFT components at ciliary tips (PubMed:24797473, PubMed:24853502). May play a role in cardiac development (By similarity). Regulates intraflagellar transport (IFT) speed and negatively regulates cilium length in a cAMP and mTORC1 signaling -dependent manner and this regulation requires its kinase activity (PubMed:25243405).
messages: Highly expressed in colon and lung, lower levels present in heart, esophagus, stomach, small intestine and ovary. Localizes to the crypt region of large and small intestine.
messages: Knockout mice manifest hydrocephalus, polydactyly, and delayed skeletal development. At cellular levels, ICK knockout results in abnormally elongated cilia and compromised SHH signaling.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr1156
gene id: 10090:Olfr1156
uniprot id: A2AVC3
uniprot id: Q8VG81
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cables2
gene id: 10090:Cables2
uniprot id: Q8K3M5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family.
messages: Binds to CDK3, CDK5 and ABL1. The C-terminal cyclin-box-like region binds to CDK5.
messages: Unknown. Probably involved in G1-S cell cycle transition.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Klk1b8
gene id: 10090:Klk1b8
uniprot id: P07628
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Glandular kallikreins cleave Met-Lys and Arg-Ser bonds in kininogen to release Lys-bradykinin.

10090:H2ac8
gene id: 10090:H2ac8
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Kazn
gene id: 10090:Kazn
uniprot id: Q69ZS8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the kazrin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Component of the cornified envelope of keratinocytes. May be involved in the interplay between adherens junctions and desmosomes. The function in the nucleus is not known.
messages: Expressed in eggs and early embryos. Detected in unfertilized eggs associated with the spindle apparatus and cytoskeletal sheets. As quickly as 5 min after egg activation, relocates to a diffuse peri-spindle position, followed 20-30 min later by localization to the presumptive cytokinetic ring. Before the blastocyst stage of development, associates with the nuclear matrix in a cell cycle-dependent manner, and also associates with the cytoplasmic actin cytoskeleton. After blastocyst formation, is found associating with cell-cell junctions, the cytoskeleton and nucleus.
messages: Expressed in skin interfollicular epidermis and hair follicles. Expressed in tongue epithelium basal suprabasal layers.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cisd1
gene id: 10090:Cisd1
uniprot id: Q91WS0
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CISD protein family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Liver, adipose, skeletal muscle and heart (at protein level). Widely expressed. Expressed at the highest levels in the heart.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Plays a key role in regulating maximal capacity for electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. May be involved in Fe-S cluster shuttling and/or in redox reactions (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN during mitophagy, leading to its degradation and enhancement of mitophagy. Deubiquitinated by USP30.

10090:Zfp91
gene id: 10090:Zfp91
uniprot id: Q62511
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Atypical E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of MAP3K14/NIK, leading to stabilize and activate MAP3K14/NIK. It thereby acts as an activator of the non-canonical NF-kappa-B2/NFKB2 pathway. May also play an important role in cell proliferation and/or anti-apoptosis.
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Found in all the examined tissues including brain, heart, kidney, lung, liver, spleen, thymus, skeletal muscle, ovary and testis.
messages: In contrast to other E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, does not contain any domain (RING-type zinc finger or HECT domain) known to mediate E3 ligase activity.
messages: Interacts with MAP3K14/NIK.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Synm
gene id: 10090:Synm
uniprot id: A0A140LJ61
uniprot id: Q70IV5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 11.5 dpc, isoform 1 and isoform 2 are widely expressed in the developing nervous and vascular systems and are also found specifically associated with vimentin in endothelial cells. By 15 dpc, isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3, are found coexpressed with neurofilament, peripherin and internexin in the peripheral nervous system (at protein level). In the developing embryo, isoform 2 is detected as early as 5 dpc, whereas isoform 1 is first observed at 9 dpc in the nervous system and mesodermic derivatives. Isoform 3 is observed later in neurons at 15 dpc.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Interacts with DES, DMD, DTNA, TLN1, UTRN and VCL (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact with GFAP and VIM.
messages: Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are detected in adult skeletal muscle, heart and bladder, whereas isoform 1 is only detected in adult bladder (at protein level).
messages: Type-VI intermediate filament (IF) which plays an important cytoskeletal role within the muscle cell cytoskeleton. It forms heteromeric IFs with desmin and/or vimentin, and via its interaction with cytoskeletal proteins alpha-dystrobrevin, dystrophin, talin-1, utrophin and vinculin, is able to link these heteromeric IFs to adherens-type junctions, such as to the costameres, neuromuscular junctions, and myotendinous junctions within striated muscle cells (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in reactive astrocytes following neurotrauma (at protein level).
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Lce3a
gene id: 10090:Lce3a
uniprot id: Q497I5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:Notch3
gene id: 10090:Notch3
uniprot id: Q61982
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NOTCH family.
messages: CNS development.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May play a role during CNS development.
messages: Hydroxylated by HIF1AN.
messages: Interacts with PSMA1 (By similarity). Heterodimer of a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC) which are probably linked by disulfide bonds. Interacts with MAML1, MAML2 and MAML3 which act as transcriptional coactivators for NOTCH3. Interacts with HIF1AN.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Proliferating neuroepithelium.
messages: Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as an inactive form which is proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active, ligand-accessible form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC). Following ligand binding, it is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to yield a membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT). This fragment is then cleaved by presenilin dependent gamma-secretase to release a notch-derived peptide containing the intracellular domain (NICD) from the membrane.
messages: The EGF-like domains 10 and 11 are required for binding the ligands JAG1 and DLL1.

10090:Kcnk2
gene id: 10090:Kcnk2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YXK1
uniprot id: P97438
uniprot id: Q6P6P9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in hippocampus astrocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:24496152). High expression in brain and lung. Also detected in kidney, heart and skeletal muscle. Not detected in liver. In the brain, highest expression in olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebellum.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:24496152). Heterodimer with KCNK1; disulfide-linked (PubMed:24496152). Interacts with BVES; the interaction enhances KCNK2 surface expression and is inhibited by cAMP (PubMed:22354168, PubMed:26642364).
messages: Inhibited by barium (PubMed:9003761). Activated by volatile general anesthetics such as chloroform, diethyl ether, halothane and isoflurane (PubMed:10321245).
messages: Ion channel that contributes to passive transmembrane potassium transport. Reversibly converts between a voltage-insensitive potassium leak channel and a voltage-dependent outward rectifying potassium channel in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. In astrocytes, forms mostly heterodimeric potassium channels with KCNK1, with only a minor proportion of functional channels containing homodimeric KCNK2 (PubMed:24496152). In astrocytes, the heterodimer formed by KCNK1 and KCNK2 is required for rapid glutamate release in response to activation of G-protein coupled receptors, such as F2R and CNR1 (PubMed:24496152).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-348 controls the reversible conversion from a leak channel to a voltage-dependent channel.

10090:Tomm40l
gene id: 10090:Tomm40l
uniprot id: Q9CZR3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tom40 family.
messages: Forms part of the preprotein translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM complex) containing TOMM22, TOMM40, TOMM40L and TOMM70. Interacts with mitochondrial targeting sequences (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Potential channel-forming protein implicated in import of protein precursors into mitochondria.

10090:Ubd
gene id: 10090:Ubd
uniprot id: P63072
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Can be acetylated.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts directly with the 26S proteasome. The interaction with NUB1 via the N-terminal ubiquitin domain facilitates the linking of UBD-conjugated target protein to the proteasome complex and accelerates its own degradation and that of its conjugates. Interacts (via ubiquitin-like 1 domain) with the spindle checkpoint protein MAD2L1 during mitosis. Present in aggresomes of proteasome inhibited cells. Interacts with HDAC6 under proteasome impairment conditions (By similarity). Forms a thioester with UBA6 in cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) and interferon-gamma (IFNg) (PubMed:17889673). Interacts with SQSTM1 and TP53/p53 (By similarity).
messages: Mostly expressed in thymus and intestine.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Rapidly degraded by the proteasome. Cell-cycle regulation with highest expression during the S-phase (at protein level). Over expressed in hepatocytes by drug injury (e.g. DDC; diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate). Inducible by the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) and interferon-gamma (IFNg).
messages: Spontaneous sporadic apoptotic death. Higher sensitivity toward endotoxin challenge. Abrogated TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappa-B activation and reduced induction of NF-kappa-B-regulated genes. Impaired TNF-alpha-induced I-kappa-B-alpha degradation and nuclear translocation of p65 in RTECs. Reduced expression of LMP2.
messages: Ubiquitin-like protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target protein and subsequently leads to their degradation by the 26S proteasome, in a NUB1-dependent manner. Probably functions as a survival factor. Promotes the expression of the proteasome subunit beta type-9 (PSMB9/LMP2). Regulates TNF-alpha-induced and LPS-mediated activation of the central mediator of innate immunity NF-kappa-B by promoting TNF-alpha-mediated proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated-I-kappa-B-alpha. Required for TNF-alpha-induced p65 nuclear translocation in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). May be involved in dendritic cell (DC) maturation, the process by which immature dendritic cells differentiate into fully competent antigen-presenting cells that initiate T-cell responses. Mediates mitotic non-disjunction and chromosome instability, in long-term in vitro culture and cancers, by abbreviating mitotic phase and impairing the kinetochore localization of MAD2L1 during the prometaphase stage of the cell cycle. May be involved in the formation of aggresomes when proteasome is saturated or impaired. Mediates apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner, especially in renal epithelium and tubular cells during renal diseases.

10090:Nrip2
gene id: 10090:Nrip2
uniprot id: Q9JHR9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulates transcriptional activation by nuclear receptors, such as NR1F2.
messages: Expression is restricted to the central nervous system (neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the amygdala, thalamic and hypothalamic regions).
messages: Interacts with NR1F2, RARA and THRB in a ligand-dependent manner.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc12a5
gene id: 10090:Slc12a5
uniprot id: A0A076FSX1
uniprot id: Q91V14
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLC12A transporter family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Death at birth due to severe motor deficits including respiratory failure.
messages: Expressed in brainstem and spinal cord of 17 dpc embryos. Expressed in all parts of the brain and spinal cord in postnatal day 14 mice.
messages: Expressed in brainstem, spinal cord and olfactory bulb of 17 dpc embryos. Expressed in all parts of the brain and spinal cord in postnatal day 14 mice.
messages: Homomultimer and heteromultimer with other K-Cl cotransporters (By similarity). Interacts with AP2A1 (PubMed:18625303).
messages: Inhibited by WNK3.
messages: Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport in mature neurons and is required for neuronal Cl(-) homeostasis (By similarity). As major extruder of intracellular chloride, it establishes the low neuronal Cl(-) levels required for chloride influx after binding of GABA-A and glycine to their receptors, with subsequent hyperpolarization and neuronal inhibition (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of dendritic spine formation and maturation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking isoform 2 die within 2 weeks after birth.
messages: Predominant isoform during postnatal development. Detected in the ventral horns of the spinal cord at 12.5 dpc, and throughout the spinal cord at birth.
messages: Predominant isoform in 17 dpc brain.
messages: dendrite

10090:Trim7
gene id: 10090:Trim7
uniprot id: Q923T7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Deletion mutant protects mice from DNA virus infection.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and stabilization of the JUN coactivator RNF187 in response to growth factor signaling via the MEK/ERK pathway, thereby regulating JUN transactivation and cellular proliferation (By similarity). Promotes the TLR4-mediated signaling activation through its E3 ligase domain leading to production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon (PubMed:30928727). Also plays a negative role in the regulation of exogenous cytosolic DNA virus-triggered immune response. Mechanistically, enhances the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STING1 leading to its proteasome-dependent degradation (PubMed:32126128).
messages: Forms homodimers, and heterodimers with GNIP2. Interacts with GYG. Interacts with RNF187 (via C-terminus).
messages: Highly expressed in antigen-presenting cells.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-106 by RPS6KA5/MSK1, which stimulates the ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: The B30.2 domain mediates interaction with GYG.
messages: The coiled-coil region mediates homodimerization and heterodimerization.

10090:Nasp
gene id: 10090:Nasp
uniprot id: B1AU75
uniprot id: B1AU76
uniprot id: Q99MD9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NASP family.
messages: Binds to linker H1 histones but not to core histones (PubMed:10893414, PubMed:12509435). Interacts with histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (By similarity). Interacts with histone H3.3 (By similarity). Also binds to HSP90 in the cytoplasm (PubMed:15533935). This interaction stimulates binding of NASP to H1-6/H1T (PubMed:15533935).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During the cell cycle, levels increase during S-phase.
messages: Isoform 1 is found in gametes, embryonic cells and transformed cells. Isoform 2 is found in dividing somatic cells (at protein level).
messages: Mice develop to blastocyst stage, probably as a result of maternally-derived Nasp, and then die.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for DNA replication, normal cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. Forms a cytoplasmic complex with HSP90 and linker H1 histones and stimulates HSP90 ATPase activity. NASP and H1 histone are subsequently released from the complex and translocate to the nucleus where the histone is released for binding to DNA.

10090:Insc
gene id: 10090:Insc
uniprot id: Q3HNM7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 12.5 dpc in dorsal root and cranial glanglia in the developing brain. Detected at 14.5 dpc in skin epidermis (at protein level). First detected at 10.5 dpc in the dorsal root glanglia and cranial glanglia. At 12.5 dpc expression appears in retina, forebrain and outside of the nervous system. At 13.5 dpc a strong expression is detected in the cortex. Expressed in embryonic, newborn and adult skin.
messages: Expressed in brain, kidney, liver, testis and skin.
messages: Interacts with ALS2CR19/PAR3B and GPSM1/AGS3 (By similarity). Interacts with F2RL2/PAR3 (PubMed:16094321). Interacts with GPSM2/LGN (via TPR repeat region) (PubMed:16094321, PubMed:21816348).
messages: May function as an adapter linking the Par3 complex to the GPSM1/GPSM2 complex. Involved in spindle orientation during mitosis (PubMed:16301171, PubMed:21816348). May regulate cell proliferation and differentiation in the developing nervous system (PubMed:16301171). May play a role in the asymmetric division of fibroblasts and participate in the process of stratification of the squamous epithelium (PubMed:16094321).
messages: cell cortex

10090:Dipk2a
gene id: 10090:Dipk2a
uniprot id: Q3USZ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As early as 12.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc, intense expression is restricted to mesenchymal condensations, which form the different cartilage elements of the developing skeleton. At 12.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all vertebrae, heart ventricle, dental follicle, interdigital tissue, tongue and cartilages of the basioccipital bone, maxilla, mandible and the region of the future nasal septum. At 14.5 and 16.5 dpc, expressed in ribs, long bones, interdigital tissue, metatarsals, dental follicle, cartilages of the mandible and nasal septum as well as vertebrae with stronger expression in posterior vertebrae. At 16.5 dpc, also expressed in paw bones and, in vertebrae, the expression is limited to mainly columnar, proliferating chondrocytes. At 4 days postnatal, intense expression in nasal cartilages, hair, dental and vibrissa follicles.
messages: Belongs to the DIPK family.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, thymus, testis, ovary and muscle.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: May play a role in cardiomyocyte proliferation through paracrine signaling and activation of the PI3-kinase signaling cascade.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tbc1d8b
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d8b
uniprot id: A3KGB4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts (via domain Rab-GAP TBC) with RAB11B (in GTP-bound form).
messages: Involved in vesicular recycling, probably as a RAB11B GTPase-activating protein.
messages: The arginine and glutamine fingers are critical for the GTPase-activating mechanism, they pull out Rab's 'switch 2' glutamine and insert in Rab's active site.
messages: cytosol

10090:Socs4
gene id: 10090:Socs4
uniprot id: Q91ZA6
names: Domain
names: Function
messages: SOCS family proteins form part of a classical negative feedback system that regulates cytokine signal transduction. Substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Inhibits EGF signaling by mediating the degradation of the Tyr-phosphorylated EGF receptor/EGFR (By similarity).
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.

10090:Anxa6
gene id: 10090:Anxa6
uniprot id: F8WIT2
uniprot id: P14824
uniprot id: Q3TUI1
uniprot id: Q3UI56
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May associate with CD21. May regulate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Seems to bind one calcium ion with high affinity.

10090:Ubr4
gene id: 10090:Ubr4
uniprot id: A2AN08
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UBR4 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Together with clathrin, forms meshwork structures involved in membrane morphogenesis and cytoskeletal organization. Regulates integrin-mediated signaling. May play a role in activation of FAK in response to cell-matrix interactions. Mediates ubiquitination of ACLY, leading to its subsequent degradation.
messages: Interacts with RB1 and calmodulin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed in adult and embryonic stages with highest levels in testis and brain.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gstp1
gene id: 10090:Gstp1
uniprot id: P19157
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Pi family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Involved in the formation of glutathione conjugates of both prostaglandin A2 (PGA2) and prostaglandin J2 (PGJ2). Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers. Regulates negatively CDK5 activity via p25/p35 translocation to prevent neurodegeneration.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CDK5 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Septin3
gene id: 10090:Septin3
uniprot id: Q9Z1S5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the brain including the cerebrum, hippocampus and cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the cerebral cortex from 13.5 dpc to P30, expression peaks at P15.
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase (By similarity). May play a role in cytokinesis (Potential).
messages: Phosphorylated by PKG on serine residues. Phosphorylated by PKG on Ser-91 (By similarity).
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments, and can associate with cellular membranes, actin filaments and microtubules. GTPase activity is required for filament formation (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Usp28
gene id: 10090:Usp28
uniprot id: Q5I043
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP28 subfamily.
messages: Degraded upon nickel ion level or hypoxia exposure.
messages: Deubiquitinase involved in DNA damage response checkpoint and MYC proto-oncogene stability. Involved in DNA damage induced apoptosis by specifically deubiquitinating proteins of the DNA damage pathway such as CLSPN. Also involved in G2 DNA damage checkpoint, by deubiquitinating CLSPN, and preventing its degradation by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). In contrast, it does not deubiquitinate PLK1. Specifically deubiquitinates MYC in the nucleoplasm, leading to prevent MYC degradation by the proteasome: acts by specifically interacting with FBXW7 (FBW7alpha) in the nucleoplasm and counteracting ubiquitination of MYC by the SCF(FBXW7) complex. Deubiquitinates ZNF304, hence preventing ZNF304 degradation by the proteasome and leading to the activated KRAS-mediated promoter hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in a subset of colorectal cancers (CRC) cells.
messages: Interacts with ZNF304. Interacts with PRKD1. Interacts with TP53BP1. Interacts with FBXW7; following DNA damage, dissociates from FBXW7 leading to degradation of MYC.
messages: Phosphorylated upon DNA damage at Ser-67 and Ser-720, by ATM or ATR. Phosphorylated by PRKD1.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Atpif1
gene id: 10090:Atpif1
uniprot id: O35143
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATPase inhibitor family.
messages: Endogenous F(1)F(o)-ATPase inhibitor limiting ATP depletion when the mitochondrial membrane potential falls below a threshold and the F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase starts hydrolyzing ATP to pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix. Required to avoid the consumption of cellular ATP when the F(1)F(o)-ATP synthase enzyme acts as an ATP hydrolase (By similarity). Indirectly acts as a regulator of heme synthesis in erythroid tissues: regulates heme synthesis by modulating the mitochondrial pH and redox potential, allowing FECH to efficiently catalyze the incorporation of iron into protoporphyrin IX to produce heme (PubMed:23135403).
messages: Forms an alpha-helical dimer with monomers associated via an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled coil composed of residues 74-106, leaving each N-terminal inhibitory region (residues 26-52) accessible for interaction with an F1 catalytic domain. The inhibitory N-terminal region (residues 26-52) binds the alpha(ADP-bound)-beta(ADP-bound) (ATP5F1A-ATP5F1B) interface of F1-ATPase, and also contact the central gamma subunit (ATP5F1C). This dimeric state is favored by pH values below 7.0, and at higher values the dimers associate to form inactive homotetramer, where the inhibitory region is occluded, masking its inhibitory activity (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer; represents the active form and is present at a pH value below 6.5. Homotetramer; represents the inactive form and is present at a pH value above 7.0 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Piwil1
gene id: 10090:Piwil1
uniprot id: Q9JMB7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation by PRMT5 is required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing protein (TDRD1, TDRKH/TDRD2, RNF17/TDRD4, TDRD6, TDRD7 and TDRD9) and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage, also named P granule.
messages: Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoribonuclease that plays a central role in postnatal germ cells by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:22121019, PubMed:21237665). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:22121019, PubMed:21237665). Directly binds methylated piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:22121019, PubMed:21237665). Strongly prefers a uridine in the first position of their guide (g1U preference, also named 1U-bias) (PubMed:24757166). Not involved in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle (PubMed:22121019). Acts as an endoribonuclease that cleaves transposon messenger RNAs (PubMed:22121019). Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation (PubMed:16938833). Probable component of some RISC complex, which mediates RNA cleavage and translational silencing (PubMed:16938833). Also plays a role in the formation of chromatoid bodies and is required for some miRNAs stability (PubMed:16787948). Required to sequester RNF8 in the cytoplasm until late spermatogenesis; RNF8 being released upon ubiquitination and degradation of PIWIL1 (PubMed:28552346).
messages: Expressed in brain. Expressed in testis, specifically in spermatocytes (at protein level). Only detected in germ lineage cells of adult testis. Expressed in male gonads 2 weeks after birth at the initiation of spermatogenesis, but not expressed in female gonads.
messages: Expression is activated by MYBL1/A-MYB.
messages: Interacts (via Piwi domain) with DICER1, suggesting that it forms ribonucleoprotein RISC complexes; this interaction is regulated by HSP90AB1 activity (PubMed:16938833). Interacts with MAEL, KIF17, PABPC1, PRMT5 and WDR77 (PubMed:16787948, PubMed:16787967, PubMed:19020299, PubMed:19584108). Interacts (when methylated on arginine residues) with TDRD1, TDRKH/TDRD2, RNF17/TDRD4, TDRD6, TDRD7 and TDRD9 (PubMed:19584108, PubMed:19918066, PubMed:19926723, PubMed:23714778). Interacts with CLOCK (PubMed:22900038). Interacts with MOV10L1 (PubMed:20534472). Interacts with ANAPC10; interaction oly takes place following piRNA-binding (PubMed:23328397). Interacts with RNF8; leading to sequester RNF8 in the cytoplasm (PubMed:28552346). Interacts with Tex19.1 and, probably, Tex19.2 (PubMed:28254886).
messages: Mice display spermatogenic arrest at the beginning of the round spermatid stage, resembling the phenotype of CREM, a master regulator of spermiogenesis; mRNAs of FHL5/activator of CREM and CREM target genes are down-regulated in testes. Female are fertile but male are completely sterile, no sperm is found in the epididimus. Chromatoid bodies from round spermatids are not fully compacted and remain as a diffuse chromatoid material.
messages: The D-box (destruction box) acts as a recognition signal for association with the APC/C complex, ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:23328397).
messages: The PAZ domain specifically recognizes binds the 2'-O-methylated 3'-end of piRNAs (PubMed:21237665). The MID region is required for recognition of uridine in the first position of piRNAs (g1U preference, also named 1U-bias) (PubMed:24757166).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in late spermatids, leading to its degradation (PubMed:23328397). Ubiquitination only takes place following piRNA-binding in adult testis (PubMed:23328397). Ubiquitination and degradation in late spermatogenesis by APC/C is probably required to release RNF8 from the cytoplasm and promote histone to protamine exchange by RNF8 (PubMed:28552346).

10090:Pigm
gene id: 10090:Pigm
uniprot id: Q8C2R7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PIGM family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the first alpha-1,4-mannose to GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).

10090:Zfyve27
gene id: 10090:Zfyve27
uniprot id: Q3TXX3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Astrocytes express both isoform 1 and isoform 2 and oligodendrocytes express only isoform 2 (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed specifically in the central nervous system and selectively in neuronal cells. Isoform 2 is expressed in cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, heart, thymus, spleen, intestine and lung.
messages: Can form homooligomers (monomers, dimers and tetramers) (By similarity). Interacts with RAB11A (GDP-bound form); regulates RAB11A (PubMed:21976701). Interacts with FKBP8; may negatively regulate ZFYVE27 phosphorylation (By similarity). Isoform 1 interacts to a greater extent than isoform 2 with VAPB (via MSP domain). Isoform 1 interacts to a greater extent than isoform 2 with VAPA (via MSP domain) (PubMed:24251978). Interaction with VAPA may regulate ZFYVE27 retention in the endoplasmic reticulum and its function in cell projections formation. Interacts with ATL2, ATL3, SPAST and RTN3 (By similarity). Interacts with REEP1, REEP5 and ATL1 (PubMed:24668814). Interacts with RAB11B (GDP-bound form), SURF4, KIF5B and KIF5C (PubMed:21976701). Isoform 1 and 2 interact with KIFA (PubMed:21976701, PubMed:24251978).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Key regulator of RAB11-dependent vesicular trafficking during neurite extension through polarized membrane transport (By similarity). Promotes axonal elongation and contributes to the establishment of neuronal cell polarity (PubMed:24251978). Involved in nerve growth factor-induced neurite formation in VAPA-dependent manner. Contributes to both the formation and stabilization of the tubular ER network. Involved in ER morphogenesis by regulating the sheet-to-tubule balance and possibly the density of tubule interconnections (By similarity). Acts as an adapter protein that facilitates the interaction of KIF5A with VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A, RAB11B and RTN3 and the ZFYVE27-KIF5A complex contributes to the transport of these proteins in neurons. Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a KIF5A/B-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is induced by NGF through the MAPK/ERK pathway and modulates interaction with RAB11A (Probable).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: growth cone membrane

10090:Lrrc4b
gene id: 10090:Lrrc4b
uniprot id: P0C192
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with PTPRF (By similarity). Interacts with DLG4.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. O-glycosylated; contains sialic acid.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic adhesion protein. Regulates the formation of excitatory synapses. The trans-synaptic adhesion between LRRC4B and PTPRF regulates the formation of excitatory synapses in a bidirectional manner (By similarity).
messages: The extreme C-terminus binds to the first 2 PDZ domains of DLG4.

10090:Rbis
gene id: 10090:Rbis
uniprot id: Q0VG62
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the pre-60S ribosomal particles.
messages: Trans-acting factor in ribosome biogenesis required for efficient 40S and 60S subunit production.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Dpp10
gene id: 10090:Dpp10
uniprot id: Q6NXK7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S9B family. DPPIV subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:22311982). Expressed in the brain, predominantly by neurons and not by glia.
messages: Gly-652 is present instead of the conserved Ser which is expected to be an active site residue suggesting that this protein has no peptidase activity.
messages: May form oligomers. Interacts with KCND1 and KCND2 (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylation is important for cell surface expression, specially at Asn-258, which is crucial.
messages: Promotes cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCND2 (PubMed:22311982). Modulates the activity and gating characteristics of the potassium channel KCND2 (PubMed:22311982). Has no dipeptidyl aminopeptidase activity (Probable).

10090:Polr2i
gene id: 10090:Polr2i
uniprot id: P60898
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the archaeal RpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex consisting of 12 subunits.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB9 is part of the upper jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ano8
gene id: 10090:Ano8
uniprot id: Q6PB70
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the anoctamin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in the mantle layer of the neural tube and in the dorsal root ganglia at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Does not exhibit calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC) activity.
messages: Predominant expression seen in epithelial tissues.
messages: The term 'anoctamin' was coined because these channels are anion selective and have eight (OCT) transmembrane segments. There is some dissatisfaction in the field with the Ano nomenclature because it is not certain that all the members of this family are anion channels or have the 8-transmembrane topology.

10090:Unc93a2
gene id: 10090:Unc93a2
uniprot id: B2RWK3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the unc-93 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddx24
gene id: 10090:Ddx24
uniprot id: Q9ESV0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: ATP-dependent RNA helicase.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX24/MAK5 subfamily.

10090:Pabpn1l
gene id: 10090:Pabpn1l
uniprot id: Q5XFR0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletions and sequence errors.
messages: Expression is restricted to oogenesis, early embryogenesis and the adult ovary.

10090:Grpel2
gene id: 10090:Grpel2
uniprot id: O88396
uniprot id: Q0VB85
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GrpE family.
messages: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner.
messages: Essential component of the PAM complex, a complex required for the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins from the inner membrane into the mitochondrial matrix in an ATP-dependent manner. Seems to control the nucleotide-dependent binding of mitochondrial HSP70 to substrate proteins. Stimulates ATPase activity of mt-HSP70. May also serve to modulate the interconversion of oligomeric (inactive) and monomeric (active) forms of mt-HSP70.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Probable component of the PAM complex at least composed of a mitochondrial HSP70 protein, GRPEL1 or GRPEL2, TIMM44, TIMM16/PAM16 and TIMM14/DNAJC19.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Tspan5
gene id: 10090:Tspan5
uniprot id: D3Z641
uniprot id: P62080
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ADAM10.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulates ADAM10 maturation and trafficking to the cell surface (PubMed:23035126). Promotes ADAM10-mediated cleavage of CD44 (By similarity).

10090:Kif13a
gene id: 10090:Kif13a
uniprot id: F8VQ75
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.

10090:Bnip3
gene id: 10090:Bnip3
uniprot id: O55003
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptosis-inducing protein that can overcome BCL2 suppression. May play a role in repartitioning calcium between the two major intracellular calcium stores in association with BCL2 (By similarity). Involved in mitochondrial quality control via its interaction with SPATA18/MIEAP: in response to mitochondrial damage, participates in mitochondrial protein catabolic process (also named MALM) leading to the degradation of damaged proteins inside mitochondria. The physical interaction of SPATA18/MIEAP, BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX at the mitochondrial outer membrane may play a critical role in the translocation of lysosomal proteins from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity). The physical interaction of SPATA18/MIEAP, BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX at the mitochondrial outer membrane regulates the opening of a pore in the mitochondrial double membrane in order to mediate the translocation of lysosomal proteins from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity). Plays an important role in the calprotectin (S100A8/A9)-induced cell death pathway (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the NIP3 family.
messages: Homodimer. Binds to BCL2. Interacts with BNIP3L and ACAA2. Interacts (via BH3 domain) with SPATA18 (via coiled-coil domains). Interacts with BOK; promotes BOK oligomerization.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Gfm2
gene id: 10090:Gfm2
uniprot id: E9Q7N5
uniprot id: Q3TSU6
uniprot id: Q8R2Q4
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EF-G/EF-2 subfamily.
messages: Mitochondrial GTPase that mediates the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA at the termination of mitochondrial protein biosynthesis. Acts in collaboration with MRRF. GTP hydrolysis follows the ribosome disassembly and probably occurs on the ribosome large subunit. Not involved in the GTP-dependent ribosomal translocation step during translation elongation.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: This protein may be expected to contain an N-terminal transit peptide but none has been predicted.

10090:Utp4
gene id: 10090:Utp4
uniprot id: Q8R2N2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: In 11.5 day embryos, highly and predominantly expressed in liver, with lower expression in somites, brain and craniofacial structures. Expression significantly decreases in 12.5 day embryos and in the newborn.
messages: Interacts with HIVEP1. Interacts with NOL11. Interacts directly with UTP15 and WDR43. May be a component of the proposed t-UTP subcomplex of the ribosomal small subunit (SSU) processome containing at least UTP4, WDR43, HEATR1, UTP15, WDR75.
messages: May be phosphorylated during mitosis; may control the association of this protein with WRD43 and UTP15.
messages: Ribosome biogenesis factor. Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA. Involved in small subunit (SSU) pre-rRNA processing at sites A', A0, 1 and 2b. Required for optimal pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase. May be a transcriptional regulator. Acts as a positive regulator of HIVEP1.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Spidr
gene id: 10090:Spidr
uniprot id: Q8BGX7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Found in a complex, at least composed of BLM, RAD51 and SPIDR; the complex formation is mediated by SPIDR. Interacts (via C-terminal region) with BLM; the interaction is direct. Interacts with RAD51; the interaction is direct. Interacts (via the C-terminal region) with FIGNL1 (via N-terminal one-half region); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in DNA double-strand break (DBS) repair via homologous recombination (HR). Serves as a scaffolding protein that helps to promote the recruitment of DNA-processing enzymes like the helicase BLM and recombinase RAD51 to site of DNA damage, and hence contributes to maintain genomic integrity (By similarity).

10090:Ydjc
gene id: 10090:Ydjc
uniprot id: Q14BV6
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the YdjC deacetylase family.
messages: Probably catalyzes the deacetylation of acetylated carbohydrates an important step in the degradation of oligosaccharides.

10090:Slc47a1
gene id: 10090:Slc47a1
uniprot id: Q8K0H1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice are viable and fertile without any overt phenotypical or histological alterations. However, mice exhibit increased blood urea nitrogen, increased circulating creatinine, and abnormal metformin pharmacokinetics, including increased plasma and tissue metformin concentration with decreased kidney and liver metformin clearance.
messages: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter (PubMed:16641166, PubMed:19332510). Mediates the secretion of cationic compounds including drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites. Mediates the efflux of cationic compounds, such as the model cations, tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), the drugs procainamide, acyclovir and topotecan or weak bases that are positively charged at physiological pH, such as cimetidine or the antidiabetic drug metformin. Mediates the efflux of endogenous compounds such as creatinine, thiamine, agmatine and estrone-3-sulfate. Plays a physiological role in the excretion of drugs, toxins and endogenous metabolites through the kidney and liver, into urine and bile respectively (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in kidney and liver. Also expressed in various cells, including brain glia-like cells and capillaries, pancreatic duct cells, urinary bladder epithelium, adrenal gland cortex, heart, stomach, small intestine, thyroid gland, testes, alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans, Leydig cells, and vitamin A-storing Ito cells. Expressed in heart, stomach, small intestine, bladder, thyroid gland, adrenal gland and testes (at protein level).

10090:Insl5
gene id: 10090:Insl5
uniprot id: A2AIY3
uniprot id: Q9WUG6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the insulin family.
messages: Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds.
messages: Highest expression in colon with lower levels in thymus. Minimal levels in testis.
messages: May have a role in gut contractility or in thymic development and regulation. Activates RXFP4 with high potency and appears to be the endogenous ligand for this receptor (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Ing5
gene id: 10090:Ing5
uniprot id: Q9D8Y8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ING family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the HBO1 complex composed of KAT7/HBO1, MEAF6, ING5, and one scaffold subunit: complexes containing BRPF scaffold (BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2 or BRPF3) direct KAT7/HBO1 specificity towards H3K14ac, while complexes containing JADE scaffold (JADE1, JADE2 and JADE3) mediate acetylation of histone H4. Component of the MOZ/MORF complex composed at least of ING5, KAT6A, KAT6B, MEAF6 and one of BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2 and BRPF3. Interacts with H3K4me3 and to a lesser extent with H3K4me2. Interacts with EP300 and p53/TP53. Interacts with INCA1.
messages: Component of the HBO1 complex, which specifically mediates acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-14' (H3K14ac) and, to a lower extent, acetylation of histone H4. Component of the MOZ/MORF complex which has a histone H3 acetyltransferase activity. Through chromatin acetylation it may regulate DNA replication and may function as a transcriptional coactivator. Inhibits cell growth, induces a delay in S-phase progression and enhances Fas-induced apoptosis in an INCA1-dependent manner.
messages: May be due to a competing acceptor splice site.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The PHD-type zinc finger mediates the binding to H3K4me3.

10090:Olfr427
gene id: 10090:Olfr427
uniprot id: E9Q7E7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Septin1
gene id: 10090:Septin1
uniprot id: D3Z3V3
uniprot id: P42209
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase (By similarity). May play a role in cytokinesis (Potential).
messages: Midbody
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments, and can associate with cellular membranes, actin filaments and microtubules. GTPase activity is required for filament formation (By similarity). Interacts with AURKB (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gstm2
gene id: 10090:Gstm2
uniprot id: P15626
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Hoxb2
gene id: 10090:Hoxb2
uniprot id: P0C1T1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 8 dpc, expressed in the developing hindbrain in regions that give rise to rhombomeric segmentations r3, r4 and r5.
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. Proboscipedia subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the nuclear protein complex gamma-globin promoter and enhancer binding factor (gamma-PE) composed at least by SATB1 and HOXB2.
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:N4bp3
gene id: 10090:N4bp3
uniprot id: Q8C7U1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the N4BP3 family.
messages: Binds NEDD4. Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. Interacts with MAVS.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Plays a positive role in the antiviral innate immune signaling pathway. Mechanistically, interacts with MAVS and functions as a positive regulator to promote 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of MAVS and thus strengthens the interaction between MAVS and TRAF2 (By similarity). Also plays a role in axon and dendrite arborization during cranial nerve development. May also be important for neural crest migration and early development of other anterior structures including eye, brain and cranial cartilage (By similarity).
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Racgap1
gene id: 10090:Racgap1
uniprot id: Q9WVM1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 6.5 dpc expressed in primitive endoderm, embryonic ectoderm, extraembryonic ectoderm and the ectoplacental cone. By 7.5 dpc, a widespread expression was observed in all intra- and extraembryonic tissues and also in the giant cells lining the inner boundary of the deciduum. At 9.5 dpc, expression was elevated in the neuroepithelium of the brain ventricles and the neural tube. By 12.5 dpc, expression remains widespread and in the brain higher levels were observed in the ventricular zone of the two telencephalic lobes, and in the mesencephalon and diencephalon, with the exception of the median sulcus. In adult brain, highest levels of expression were detected in cerebellum, specifically the Purkinje cell layer extending into the molecular layer.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Required for proper attachment of the midbody to the cell membrane during cytokinesis. Plays key roles in controlling cell growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells through mechanisms other than regulating Rac GTPase activity. Has a critical role in erythropoiesis (By similarity). Also involved in the regulation of growth-related processes in adipocytes and myoblasts. May be involved in regulating spermatogenesis and in the RACGAP1 pathway in neuronal proliferation. Shows strong GAP (GTPase activation) activity towards CDC42 and RAC1 and less towards RHOA. Essential for the early stages of embryogenesis. May play a role in regulating cortical activity through RHOA during cytokinesis. May participate in the regulation of sulfate transport in male germ cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is down-regulated during macrophage differentiation of M1 cells.
messages: Heterotetramer of two molecules each of RACGAP1 and KIF23. Found in the centralspindlin complex. Associates with alpha-, beta- and gamma-tubulin and microtubules. Interacts via its Rho-GAP domain with RND2. Associates with AURKB during M phase. Interacts via its Rho-GAP domain and basic region with PRC1. The interaction with PRC1 inhibits its GAP activity towards CDC42 in vitro, which may be required for maintaining normal spindle morphology. Interacts with SLC26A8 via its N-terminus. Interacts with RAB11FIP3. Interacts with ECT2; the interaction is direct, occurs at anaphase and during cytokinesis in a microtubule-dependent manner, is enhanced by phosphorylation by PLK1 and phosphorylation at Ser-165 plays a major role in mediating binding. Interacts with KIF23; the interaction is direct.
messages: Highly expressed in testis, thymus and spleen and weakly expressed in brain, heart, skeletal muscle and kidney. In testis, expression is restricted to germ cells with the highest levels of expression found in spermatocytes. Not detected in adult liver. Also expressed in fetal liver and in several hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: Midbody ring
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at multiple sites in the midbody during cytokinesis (By similarity). Phosphorylation by AURKB on Ser-388 at the midbody is, at least in part, responsible for exerting its latent GAP activity towards RhoA (By similarity). Phosphorylation on multiple serine residues by PLK1 enhances its association with ECT2 and is critical for cleavage furrow formation (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-165 plays a major role in mediating interaction with ECT2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-158 does not appear to contribute to binding to ECT2 (By similarity).
messages: The coiled coil region is indispensible for localization to the midbody during cytokinesis.
messages: The phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger domain mediates interaction with membranes enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and is required during mitotic cytokinesis for normal attachment of the midbody to the cell membrane.
messages: acrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Pdzd7
gene id: 10090:Pdzd7
uniprot id: E9Q9W7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in adult cochlea and retina.
messages: Expressed in adult cochlea but not in developing cochlea or retina.
messages: Expressed in developing and adult cochlea and retina.
messages: Expressed in developing and adult cochlea but not retina.
messages: Expressed in retina and developing cochlea but not adult cochlea.
messages: Homodimerizes (via PDZ2 domain) (PubMed:25406310). Component of USH2 complex, composed of ADGRV1, PDZD7, USH2A and WHRN (PubMed:25406310). Interacts (via PDZ domains) with WHRN; the interaction is direct (PubMed:25406310). Interacts with USH1G (By similarity). Interacts with ADGRV1 (via the cytoplasmic region) (PubMed:24962568, PubMed:23055499). Interacts with USH2A (via the cytoplasmic region) (PubMed:23055499). Interacts with MYO7A (via MyTH4-FERM domains) (PubMed:27525485).
messages: In cochlea hair cells, only isoforms 1, 2 and 4 are expressed at P5. At P24, isoforms 1, 2, 3 and 5 are expressed.
messages: In cochlear developing hair cells, essential in organizing the USH2 complex at stereocilia ankle links (PubMed:24334608). Blocks inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity mediated by ADGRV1 (PubMed:24962568).
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed in developing and adult cochlea but not retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 2 is expressed in developing and adult cochlea and retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 3 is expressed in adult cochlea and retina (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 4 is expressed in retina and developing cochlea but not adult cochlea (PubMed:24334608). Isoform 5 is expressed in adult cochlea but not in developing cochlea or retina (PubMed:24334608).
messages: Mutant mice exhibit congenital profound deafness and normal vestibular function. They show disorganized stereocilia bundles with a reduction in mechanotransduction currents and sensitivity in cochlear outer cells (PubMed:24334608). Knockout mice have normal vision function from rod and cone photoreceptors (PubMed:24334608).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cilium
messages: stereocilium

10090:Pnp
gene id: 10090:Pnp
uniprot id: P23492
uniprot id: Q543K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 10-week old, mice have a smaller cerebellum, corpus callosum and thalamus and motor abnormalities (PubMed:22521465). Normal number of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum at birth but numbers start to decrease as mice get older (PubMed:22521465). Purkinje cells in the cerebellum have an irregular shape, a granular cytoplasm and degenerated dendrites characterized by fewer dendritic spines processes (PubMed:22521465). Loss of inosine phosphorylase activity in cerebellum, liver and kidney (PubMed:22521465). In the thymus, causes a 2-fold increase in the frequency of immature CD4(-) CD8(-) double negative (DN) thymocytes and a decrease in the total cell numbers of CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive (DP), and CD4(+) and CD8(+) single positive (SP) thymocytes due to an increase in apoptosis (PubMed:10859343). In the spleen and lymph nodes, numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells are reduced and the frequency of immature CD19(+)IgM(+) pre-B cells is increased without affecting the frequency of IgM(+) mature B-cells (PubMed:10859343). In the spleen, numbers of myeloid cells are also increased (PubMed:10859343). In thymocytes, mitochondrial dGTP levels are increased, and GTP levels and deoxyguanosine kinase activity are reduced (PubMed:10859343). Accumulation of dGTP in the mitochondria of thymocytes is probably causing thymocyte apoptosis by interfering with the repair of mitochondrial DNA damage (PubMed:10859343). Cytotoxic T-cells-mediated killing is impaired in absence of IL2 (PubMed:10859343). In urine, levels of inosine, deoxyinosine, guanosine, and deoxyguanosine are increased (PubMed:10859343).
messages: Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate (PubMed:10859343) (Probable). Preferentially acts on 6-oxopurine nucleosides including inosine and guanosine (Probable).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Four electrophoretic alleles of NP are known; NPA (shown here), NPB, NPC and NPD.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate.

10090:Isg15
gene id: 10090:Isg15
uniprot id: Q64339
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Both the Ubiquitin-like 1 and Ubiquitin-like 2 domains are required for its efficient conjugation to cellular proteins. The two domains play different roles in the ISGylation pathway: Ubiquitin-like 2 domain is necessary for the first two steps allowing the linking of ISG15 to the E1 and E2 enzymes while Ubiquitin-like 1 domain is essential for the final, E3-mediated transfer of ISG15, from the E2 to the Lys of the target protein.
messages: By type I interferons.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with, and is conjugated to its targets by the UBE1L (E1 enzyme) and UBE2E2 (E2 enzyme) (By similarity). Interacts with NEDD4 (By similarity).
messages: Induced as an inactive, precursor protein that is cleaved by specific proteases to expose the C-terminal diglycine (LRLRGG) motif. This motif is essential not only for its conjugation to substrates but also for its recognition by the relevant processing proteases (By similarity).
messages: S-nitrosylation decreases its dimerization, thereby increasing the availability as well as the solubility of monomeric ISG15 for its conjugation to cellular proteins.
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitin-like protein which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection either via its conjugation to a target protein (ISGylation) or via its action as a free or unconjugated protein. ISGylation involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions involving E1, E2, and E3 enzymes which catalyze the conjugation of ISG15 to a lysine residue in the target protein. Its target proteins include SERPINA3G/SPI2A, JAK1, MAPK3/ERK1, PLCG1, TRIM25, STAT5A, MAPK1/ERK2 and globin. Isgylation of the viral sensor IFIH1/MDA5 promotes IFIH1/MDA5 oligomerization and triggers activation of innate immunity against a range of viruses, including coronaviruses, flaviviruses and picornaviruses. Can also isgylate: RIGI which inhibits its function in antiviral signaling response, IRF3 which inhibits its ubiquitination and degradation as well as EIF4E2 which enhances its cap structure-binding activity and translation-inhibition activity. Exhibits antiviral activity towards both DNA and RNA viruses, including influenza A and B virus, sindbis virus (SV) and herpes simplex type-1 (HHV-1). Plays a significant role in the control of neonatal Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection by acting as a putative immunomodulator of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Protects mice against the consequences of Chikungunya virus infection by down-regulating the pathogenic cytokine response, often denoted as the cytokine storm. Plays a role in erythroid differentiation. The secreted form of ISG15 can: induce natural killer cell proliferation, act as a chemotactic factor for neutrophils and act as a IFN-gamma-inducing cytokine playing an essential role in antimycobacterial immunity. The secreted form acts through the integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 receptor to initiate activation of SRC family tyrosine kinases including LYN, HCK and FGR which leads to secretion of IFNG and IL10; the interaction is mediated by ITGAL (By similarity).

10090:Olfr147
gene id: 10090:Olfr147
uniprot id: Q60886
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Vmn2r98
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r98
uniprot id: E9PZ56
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gpr27
gene id: 10090:Gpr27
uniprot id: O54897
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. Possible candidate for amine-like G-protein coupled receptor (By similarity).

10090:Mcm3
gene id: 10090:Mcm3
uniprot id: P25206
uniprot id: Q3UI57
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by MCM3AP.
messages: Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. Core component of CDC45-MCM-GINS (CMG) helicase, the molecular machine that unwinds template DNA during replication, and around which the replisome is built. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity. Required for the entry in S phase and for cell division.
messages: Acts as component of the MCM2-7 complex (MCM complex) which is the replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells. The active ATPase sites in the MCM2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit. The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity.
messages: Belongs to the MCM family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the MCM2-7 complex.
messages: Component of the MCM2-7 complex. The complex forms a toroidal hexameric ring with the proposed subunit order MCM2-MCM6-MCM4-MCM7-MCM3-MCM5. Component of the CMG helicase complex, a hexameric ring of related MCM2-7 subunits stabilized by CDC45 and the tetrameric GINS complex (By similarity). Associated with the replication-specific DNA polymerase alpha (PubMed:7925275). Interacts with MCMBP (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD17 (By similarity). Interacts with MCM3AP; this interaction leads to MCM3 acetylation (PubMed:10733502).
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated), in a cell cycle-dependent manner.

10090:Vmn1r200
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r200
uniprot id: Q8R281
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam174b
gene id: 10090:Fam174b
uniprot id: Q8K064
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM174 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Essential for Golgi structural integrity.
messages: Golgi apparatus

10090:Cep112
gene id: 10090:Cep112
uniprot id: Q5PR68
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: centrosome

10090:Pcdhac2
gene id: 10090:Pcdhac2
uniprot id: Q91Y09
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Ero1b
gene id: 10090:Ero1b
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VNF4
uniprot id: Q8R2E9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EROs family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glutathione may be required to regulate its activity in the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Heterodimer with ERO1A; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Also detected as monomer. Homodimers may be somewhat less active than monomers. The abundance of monomers and homodimers may be tissue-specific. Interacts with P4HB (By similarity). Interacts with ERP44 (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Oxidoreductase involved in disulfide bond formation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Efficiently reoxidizes P4HB/PDI, the enzyme catalyzing protein disulfide formation, in order to allow P4HB to sustain additional rounds of disulfide formation. Other protein disulfide isomerase family members can also be reoxidized, but at lower rates compared to P4HB, including PDIA2, PDIA3, PDIA4, PDIA6 and NXNDC12. Following P4HB reoxidation, passes its electrons to molecular oxygen via FAD, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell (By similarity). Involved in oxidative proinsulin folding in pancreatic cells, hence required for glucose homeostasis in vivo.
messages: Predominantly expressed in stomach and pancreas (mostly in the islets of Langerhans) (at protein level).
messages: The Cys-90/Cys-95 and Cys-393/Cys-396 disulfide bonds constitute the redox-active center. The Cys-90/Cys-95 disulfide bond may accept electron from P4HB and funnel them to the active site disulfide Cys-393/Cys-396 (By similarity).

10090:Fig4
gene id: 10090:Fig4
uniprot id: Q91WF7
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex/PAS complex, at least composed of PIKFYVE, FIG4 and VAC14 (By similarity) (PubMed:19037259). VAC14 nucleates the assembly of the complex and serves as a scaffold by pentamerizing into a star-shaped structure, which can bind a single copy each of PIKFYVE and FIG4 and coordinates their activities (By similarity).
messages: Defects in Fig4 are the cause of the pale tremor phenotype which is a multi-organ disorder with neuronal degeneration in the central nervous system, peripheral neuronopathy and diluted pigmentation. At postnatal day three (P3), affected homozygotes have diluted pigmentation and reduced size. Intentional tremor develops during the second week after birth, and abnormal limb postures are evident by the third week. There is impaired motor coordination, muscle weakness and 'swimming' gait. There is progressive loss of mobility, reduction in body weight and juvenile lethality.
messages: Dual specificity phosphatase component of the PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex which regulates both the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Catalyzes the dephosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) to form phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Has serine-protein phosphatase activity acting on PIKfyve to stimulate its lipid kinase activity, its catalytically activity being required for maximal PI(3,5)P2 production. In vitro, hydrolyzes all three D5-phosphorylated polyphosphoinositide and although displaying preferences for PtdIns(3,5)P2, it is capable of hydrolyzing PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(4,5)P2, at least in vitro.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: The PI(3,5)P2 regulatory complex regulates both the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). In vitro, hydrolyzes all three D5-phosphorylated polyphosphoinositide substrates in the order PtdIns(4,5)P2 > PtdIns(3,5)P2 > PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Plays a role in the biogenesis of endosome carrier vesicles (ECV) / multivesicular bodies (MVB) transport intermediates from early endosomes.
messages: Wide-spread.

10090:Ubtd2
gene id: 10090:Ubtd2
uniprot id: Q6PGH0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Vmn1r252
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r252
uniprot id: K9J7G4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccdc57
gene id: 10090:Ccdc57
uniprot id: Q6PHN1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CEP63; the interaction is required for their location to proximal end of centrioles. Interacts with microtubules.
messages: Pleiotropic regulator of centriole duplication, mitosis, and ciliogenesis (PubMed:32402286). Critical interface between centrosome and microtubule-mediated cellular processes. Centriole duplication protein required for recruitment of CEP63, CEP152, and PLK4 to the centrosome. Independent of its centrosomal targeting, localizes to and interacts with microtubules and regulates microtubule nucleation, stability, and mitotic progression (By similarity).
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Ctsk
gene id: 10090:Ctsk
uniprot id: P55097
uniprot id: Q545T0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Enlarged thyroid follicles, reduced extension of the thyroid epithelium, and slight increase in the levels of Tg/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicles. Loss of localization of CTSB/cathepsin B and L to the apical membrane of thyroid epithelial cells. Serum levels of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) are normal. However, reduction in T4 levels is more severe in CTSK and CTSL double knockout mice compared to CTSL double knockout mice.
messages: Expressed in new born and adults.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Predominantly expressed in bones (PubMed:8814310). Expressed in thyroid epithelial cells (PubMed:12782676).
messages: Secreted
messages: Thiol protease involved in osteoclastic bone resorption. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation (By similarity). Involved in the release of thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) by limited proteolysis of TG/thyroglobulin in the thyroid follicle lumen (PubMed:12782676).

10090:Pak3
gene id: 10090:Pak3
uniprot id: Q61036
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, enables phosphorylation of Thr-436 and allows the kinase domain to adopt an active structure (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1. Shows highly specific binding to the SH3 domains of phospholipase C-gamma and of adapter protein NCK. Interacts with the C-terminal of APP. Interacts with ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7 (By similarity). Interacts with GIT1 and GIT2 (By similarity).
messages: Mice show significant abnormalities in synaptic plasticity as well as deficiencies in learning and memory. Pak1 and Pak3 double knockout mice display reduced brains characterized by simplified neuronal dendrites/axons and reduced synapse density.
messages: Neddylated.
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity (PubMed:25851601). Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Additionally, phosphorylates TNNI3/troponin I to modulate calcium sensitivity and relaxation kinetics of thin myofilaments. May also be involved in early neuronal development. In hippocampal neurons, necessary for the formation of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses; this function is dependent on kinase activity and may be exerted by the regulation of actomyosin contractility through the phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain (MLC) (PubMed:15800193).

10090:Gabrb3
gene id: 10090:Gabrb3
uniprot id: P63080
uniprot id: Q8C446
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRB3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Heteropentamer, formed by a combination of alpha, beta, gamma, delta and rho chains (By similarity). Can form functional homopentamers (in vitro) (By similarity). Interacts with UBQLN1 (By similarity). May interact with KIF21B (By similarity). Identified in a complex of 720 kDa composed of LHFPL4, NLGN2, GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRG2 and GABRB3 (By similarity). Interacts with LHFPL4 (PubMed:28978485). Interacts with GIT1; this interaction is required for synaptic GABRB3 surface stability and inhibitory synapse strength (By similarity).
messages: Important perinatal lethality. About 57% of the pups have a cleft palate. About 90% of the pups die within 24 hours after birth, including 30% of those that do not have a cleft palate. Surviving mice are runted until weaning, but attain normal body weight in adulthood. They are hyperactive and display behavorial abnormalities. They do not display jerky gait, but have difficulty with swimming, walking on grids, and avoiding to fall from rotarods. Mutant mice are fertile, but females do not display normal nurturing behavior. Mutant mice have abnormal electroencephalograms (EEGs) and tend to suffer from seizures. Brains from mutant mice show strongly reduced numbers of GABA and benzodiazepine receptors. Neurons from dorsal root ganglion show a decrease of about 80% of GABA-induced chloride currents. In addition, mutant mice have an average lifespan of about 18 weeks, instead of the expected 127 weeks (PubMed:9108119). Mutant mice display a lowered threshold to nociception and are abnormally sensitive to touch and heat stimuli. GABA receptor agonists have decreased antinociceptive effects in mutant mice (PubMed:10670447).
messages: Ligand-gated chloride channel which is a component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain (PubMed:9108119). Plays an important role in the formation of functional inhibitory GABAergic synapses in addition to mediating synaptic inhibition as a GABA- gated ion channel (PubMed:27129275). The gamma2 subunit is necessary but not sufficient for a rapid formation of active synaptic contacts and the synaptogenic effect of this subunit is influenced by the type of alpha and beta subunits present in the receptor pentamer (PubMed:27129275). The alpha1/beta3/gamma2 receptor exhibits synatogenic activity whereas the alpha2/beta3/gamma2 receptor shows very little or no synaptogenic activity (PubMed:27129275). Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine (By similarity). Plays an important role in somatosensation and in the production of antinociception (PubMed:10670447).
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Spp1
gene id: 10090:Spp1
uniprot id: F8WIP8
uniprot id: P10923
uniprot id: Q3UBR1
uniprot id: Q547B5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a cytokine involved in enhancing production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-12 and reducing production of interleukin-10 and is essential in the pathway that leads to type I immunity.
messages: Belongs to the osteopontin family.
messages: Extensively phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium at multiple sites within the S-x-E/pS motif (By similarity). The phosphorylated form inhibits hydroxyapatite crystallization (PubMed:23427088). Dephosphorylation via a mechanism involving ALPL/TNAP promotes hydroxyapatite crystallization (PubMed:23427088).
messages: Forms covalent cross-links mediated by transglutaminase TGM2, between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming homopolymers and heteropolymers, increasing its collagen binding properties.
messages: Ligand for integrin alpha-V/beta-3.
messages: Major non-collagenous bone protein that binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ndufaf8
gene id: 10090:Ndufaf8
uniprot id: A2AMZ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with NDUFAF5.
messages: Involved in the assembly of mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I, MT-ND1). Required to stabilize NDUFAF5.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Pheta2
gene id: 10090:Pheta2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1Z2
uniprot id: Q14B98
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sesquipedalian family.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Forms homodimers and heterodimers with PHETA. Interacts with OCRL and INPP5B.
messages: Forms homodimers and heterodimers with PHETA1. Interacts with OCRL and INPP5B.
messages: Plays a role in endocytic trafficking. Required for receptor recycling from endosomes, both to the trans-Golgi network and the plasma membrane.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: The F&H motif, an approximately 12-13 amino-acid sequence centered around Phe and His residues, is essential for binding to OCRL and INPP5B.
messages: Was named after 'sesquipedalian', an unnecessarily long description of a simple thing.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Zfp551
gene id: 10090:Zfp551
uniprot id: B2RUI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn1r234
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r234
uniprot id: Q8R298
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cep44
gene id: 10090:Cep44
uniprot id: Q5HZK1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Centriole-enriched microtubule-binding protein involved in centriole biogenesis. In collaboration with CEP295 and POC1B, is required for the centriole-to-centrosome conversion by ensuring the formation of bona fide centriole wall. Functions as a linker component that maintains centrosome cohesion. Associates with CROCC and regulates its stability and localization to the centrosome.
messages: Interacts with CROCC. Interacts with POC1B; the interaction is direct and recruits POC1B to centriolar microtubules. Binds to centriolar microtubules.
messages: Midbody
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Slc18a3
gene id: 10090:Slc18a3
uniprot id: Q3TYJ1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Igf2
gene id: 10090:Igf2
uniprot id: P09535
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 8 dpc, 9.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc, transcripts from parental allele are detected in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues (PubMed:28522536, PubMed:1997210). At 16.5 dpc, transcripts from parental and maternal alleles are detected only in the choroid plexus and the leptomeninges (PubMed:1997210). Expressed in fetal muscle and brain tissue at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:29440408). Low levels of expression during myoblast proliferation. Levels rise rapidly during myoblast differentiation and then decrease.
messages: Belongs to the insulin family.
messages: Expressed in the heart, blood serum, kidney and skeletal muscle including the tibialis anterior muscle.
messages: Heterozygous animals are smaller than their wild type littermates but appear normal, reach sexual maturity and are fertile (PubMed:2330056). Transmission of this mutation through the male germline results in heterozygous progeny that are growth deficient. In contrast, when the disrupted gene is transmitted maternally, the heterozygous offspring are phenotypically normal. Homozygous mutants are indistinguishable in appearance from growth-deficient heterozygous siblings (PubMed:1997210). Mutant animals for transcript P0 specifically show a reduced growth of the placenta followed by fetal growth restriction, passive permeability for nutrients of the placenta is decreased (PubMed:12087403).
messages: Interacts with MYORG; this interaction is required for IGF2 secretion (PubMed:19706595). Interacts with integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA6:ITGB4; integrin-binding is required for IGF2 signaling (By similarity).
messages: Predominant isoform expressed in fetal muscle tissues at 12.5 dpc.
messages: Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3.
messages: Product of 4 different transcripts regulated by 4 different promoters, denominated P0, P1, P2 and P3.
messages: Proteolytically processed by PCSK4, proIGF2 is cleaved at Arg-128 and Arg-92 to generate big-IGF2 and mature IGF2.
messages: Secreted
messages: The IGF2 locus is imprinted. Paternal inherited gene is expressed, while the maternal inherited gene is imprinted, hence silenced (PubMed:1997210). It is differentially regulated in the placenta and fetus, transcribed from 3 promoters P1, P2 and P3 in both fetus and placenta and additionally from a fourth placental-specific promoter, P0 (Probable).
messages: The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity (PubMed:29440408). Major fetal growth hormone in mammals. Plays a key role in regulating fetoplacental development (Probable) (PubMed:2330056, PubMed:12087403). IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen (Probable). Also involved in tissue differentiation (Probable). In adults, involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver (Probable). Acts as a ligand for integrin which is required for IGF2 signaling (By similarity). Positively regulates myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 function by facilitating the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators, thereby controlling muscle terminal differentiation (PubMed:16901893). Inhibits myoblast differentiation and modulates metabolism via increasing the mitochondrial respiration rate (PubMed:32557799).

10090:Zkscan7
gene id: 10090:Zkscan7
uniprot id: E9PVW1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn2r12
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r12
uniprot id: L7N217
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trpv3
gene id: 10090:Trpv3
uniprot id: Q8K424
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Expressed in keratinocytes and hair follicles.
messages: May form a heteromeric channel with TRPV1. Interacts with TRPV1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. It is activated by innocuous (warm) temperatures and shows an increased response at noxious temperatures greater than 39 degrees Celsius. Activation exhibits an outward rectification. May associate with TRPV1 and may modulate its activity. Is a negative regulator of hair growth and cycling: TRPV3-coupled signaling suppresses keratinocyte proliferation in hair follicles and induces apoptosis and premature hair follicle regression (catagen) (By similarity).

10090:Gltpd2
gene id: 10090:Gltpd2
uniprot id: Q8K0R6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the GLTP family.

10090:Clec11a
gene id: 10090:Clec11a
uniprot id: O88200
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in femur where it localizes to trabecular bone of the femur metaphysis, and cortical bone of the proximal femur. Also expressed in trabecular and cortical bone of vertebrae (at protein level). Strongly expressed in osteoblasts and bone marrow stromal cells. Also has very weak expression in B cell progenitors in the bone marrow and T cells in the spleen.
messages: O-glycosylated. Probably sulfated on the O-glycans (By similarity).
messages: Promotes osteogenesis by stimulating the differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors into mature osteoblasts. Important for repair and maintenance of adult bone.
messages: Secreted
messages: Viable with no gross defects. Trabecular bone volume and bone mineral density is significantly reduced at two months of age, and progressively worsens with age. Bone strength is reduced and fracture healing is impaired. Hematopoiesis appears to be normal.

10090:Lasp1
gene id: 10090:Lasp1
uniprot id: Q543N3
uniprot id: Q61792
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with F-actin. Interacts with KBTBD10 (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD54.
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of dynamic actin-based, cytoskeletal activities. Agonist-dependent changes in LASP1 phosphorylation may also serve to regulate actin-associated ion transport activities, not only in the parietal cell but also in certain other F-actin-rich secretory epithelial cell types (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of dynamic actin-based, cytoskeletal activities. Agonist-dependent changes in LASP1 phosphorylation may also serve to regulate actin-associated ion transport activities, not only in the parietal cell but also in certain other F-actin-rich secretory epithelial cell types.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Slc44a2
gene id: 10090:Slc44a2
uniprot id: Q8BY89
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CTL (choline transporter-like) family.
messages: Choline transporter.
messages: Expressed at high levels in lung, colon, inner ear and spleen (at protein level). Progressively lower levels in brain, tongue, liver and kidney (at protein level). In the kidney, prominent expression in glomeruli in the lining of Bowman's capsule and on the mesangial cells adjacent to the vessels within the glomerulus (at protein level). Strongly expressed on the membranes of splenocytes and in lung parenchyme (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed at higher levels than isoform 2 in colon, heart, kidney, lung, cochlea, tongue and muscle, as well as in the inner ear. Isoform 2 is predominant in brain, liver and spleen.
messages: Interacts with COCH.
messages: Membrane
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.

10090:Tnks
gene id: 10090:Tnks
uniprot id: Q6PFX9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated (-auto). Poly-ADP-ribosylated protein is recognized by RNF146, followed by ubiquitination.
messages: Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Oligomerizes and associates with TNKS2. Interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of LNPEP/Otase in SLC2A4/GLUT4-vesicles. Binds to the N-terminus of telomeric TERF1 via the ANK repeats. Found in a complex with POT1; TERF1 and TINF2. Interacts with AXIN1. Interacts with AXIN2. Interacts with BLZF1 and CASC3. Interacts with NUMA1.
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues by MAPK kinases upon insulin stimulation. Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase involved in various processes such as Wnt signaling pathway, telomere length and vesicle trafficking. Acts as an activator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARsylation) of AXIN1 and AXIN2, 2 key components of the beta-catenin destruction complex: poly-ADP-ribosylated target proteins are recognized by RNF146, which mediates their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Also mediates PARsylation of BLZF1 and CASC3, followed by recruitment of RNF146 and subsequent ubiquitination. Mediates PARsylation of TERF1, thereby contributing to the regulation of telomere length. Involved in centrosome maturation during prometaphase by mediating PARsylation of HEPACAM2/MIKI. May also regulate vesicle trafficking and modulate the subcellular distribution of SLC2A4/GLUT4-vesicles. May be involved in spindle pole assembly through PARsylation of NUMA1. Stimulates 26S proteasome activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF146 when auto-poly-ADP-ribosylated, leading to its degradation.
messages: centrosome
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: spindle pole
messages: telomere

10090:Abcc2
gene id: 10090:Abcc2
uniprot id: Q8VI47
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that binds and hydrolyzes ATP to enable active transport of various substrates including many drugs, toxicants and endogenous compound across cell membranes. Transports a wide variety of conjugated organic anions such as sulfate-, glucuronide- and glutathione (GSH)-conjugates of endo- and xenobiotics substrates. Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of mono- and bis-glucuronidated bilirubin molecules and therefore play an important role in bilirubin detoxification. Mediates also hepatobiliary excretion of others glucuronide conjugates such as 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid and leukotriene C4. Transports sulfated bile salt such as taurolithocholate sulfate. Transports various anticancer drugs, such as anthracycline, vinca alkaloid and methotrexate and HIV-drugs such as protease inhibitors.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily.
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: These mice are healthy and show no phenotypic abnormalities. Mice display hyperbilirubinemia and reduced levels of biliary GSH.

10090:Ndufb2
gene id: 10090:Ndufb2
uniprot id: Q9CPU2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFB2 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Sdr16c6
gene id: 10090:Sdr16c6
uniprot id: Q05A13
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.

10090:Sox15
gene id: 10090:Sox15
uniprot id: P43267
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in myoblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:15367664). Expressed in embryonic stem cells (at protein level) (PubMed:15367664, PubMed:15863505). Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:17363903). Expressed in the ovary (PubMed:15367664). Expressed in kidney, liver, skeletal muscle, and testes (PubMed:10821863, PubMed:15367664). Expressed in lung and skin (PubMed:15863505). Expressed in the brain, heart, diaphragm, and intestines (PubMed:10821863). Expressed in the conceptus tissues of the placenta (PubMed:16759287).
messages: Highly expressed in the conceptus ectoplacental cone of the placenta at embryonic day 7.5 dpc (PubMed:16759287). Expressed in the conceptus trophoblast giant cell layer of the placenta (PubMed:16759287). Expressed in the trophoblast giant cells of the placenta from 10 dpc, expression peaks at 14 dpc, then reduces thereafter to 18 dpc (PubMed:16759287). Expression is increased during trophoblast differentiation (PubMed:16759287). Expressed at 8.5 dpc in developing embryos, with increased expression at 9.5 dpc (PubMed:10821863).
messages: Interacts with HAND1; the interaction enhances HAND1-induced differentiation of trophoblast giant cells (PubMed:16759287). Interacts with POU5F1 (OCT3/4); binds synergistically with POU5F1 to DNA (PubMed:15863505). Interacts with FHL3; the interaction recruits the transcriptional coactivator FHL3 to the FOXK1 promoter (PubMed:17363903).
messages: Knockout mice are viable, morphologically normal and fertile (PubMed:15367664, PubMed:15863505). Reduced regeneration of damaged skeletal muscle fibers following injury with increased numbers of mononuclear cells and a significant reduction in the number of myofibers (PubMed:15367664, PubMed:17363903). Impaired proliferation of myogenic progenitor cells, reduced number of satellite cells within the tibialis anterior muscles, and a decrease in FOXK1 expression (PubMed:17363903).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that binds to DNA at the 5'-AACAATG-3' consensus sequence (PubMed:10821863, PubMed:15863505, PubMed:16759287, PubMed:17363903). Acts as a transcriptional activator and repressor (PubMed:10821863, PubMed:15863505, PubMed:16759287). Binds synergistically with POU5F1 (OCT3/4) to gene promoters (PubMed:15863505). Binds to the FOXK1 promoter and recruits FHL3, resulting in transcriptional activation of FOXK1 which leads to myoblast proliferation (PubMed:17363903). Acts as an inhibitor of myoblast differentiation via transcriptional repression which leads to down-regulation of the muscle-specific genes MYOD and MYOG (PubMed:10821863). Involved in trophoblast giant cell differentiation via enhancement of HAND1 transcriptional activity (PubMed:16759287). Regulates transcription of HRC via binding to its proximal enhancer region (PubMed:15863505). Involved in skeletal muscle regeneration (PubMed:15367664, PubMed:17363903). Also plays a role in the development of myogenic precursor cells (PubMed:15367664).

10090:Zfp775
gene id: 10090:Zfp775
uniprot id: Q8BI73
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1254
gene id: 10090:Olfr1254
uniprot id: Q8VFB1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rras
gene id: 10090:Rras
uniprot id: P10833
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with PLCE1 (By similarity). Interacts (active GTP-bound form preferentially) with RGS14 (By similarity). Interacts with OSBPL3 (By similarity). Interacts with ZDHHC19 (By similarity).
messages: Regulates the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. With OSPBL3, modulates integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) activity.
messages: S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC19, leading to increased association with membranes and with rafts/caveolae as well as enhanced cell viability.

10090:Rai14
gene id: 10090:Rai14
uniprot id: Q9EP71
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 9.5 days, expression is detected in branchial arch mesenchyme, forebrain, hindbrain, midbrain, and neural tube. At 12.5 days, is detected in the hindbrain, forebrain, lung, genital eminence, spinal ligaments around vertebrae and ribs, and around the cartilage of ribs and nasal sinuses. Also detected in frontonasal mass, mandibular arch, optic sulcus, spinal ganglia and hind limb bud. At 15.5 days, expression is detected in the ventricular layer of neurons subjacent to the neocortex, around the nasal sinuses, bronchioles of the lung, kidney, and around the vertebrae of the tail. Also seen in the olfactory bulb.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Highly expressed in testis, where it localizes to seminiferous tubules (at protein level) (PubMed:11042181, PubMed:16806700). Expressed in ganglion cell layer and in Muller cell fibers of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:11042181, PubMed:16806700). In small intestine highly expressed at the apical and lateral borders of absorptive epithelia (at protein level) (PubMed:11168586). In liver highly expressed along the bile canaliculi (at protein level) (PubMed:11168586).
messages: Interacts with PALLD (By similarity). Associates with actin (PubMed:11168586). However, does not bind F-actin directly (PubMed:11168586).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in actin regulation at the ectoplasmic specialization, a type of cell junction specific to testis. Important for establishment of sperm polarity and normal spermatid adhesion. May also promote integrity of Sertoli cell tight junctions at the blood-testis barrier.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: stress fiber

10090:Rtl4
gene id: 10090:Rtl4
uniprot id: Q3URY0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at 12.5 dpc in almost all tissues tested. Expressed at 14.5 dpc in brain, eye and liver. Weakly expressed in lung, heart and kidney.
messages: In adults, expressed in brain, eye, kidney, ovary and testis (PubMed:26402067, PubMed:15716091). Weakly expressed in thymus, heart and muscle (PubMed:15716091).
messages: Involved in cognitive function in the brain, possibly via the noradrenergic system.
messages: Mutants are viable and don't show growth retardation in the pre- and postnatal periods in either female or male mice (PubMed:26402067). Animals are fertile, even in the case of mating between mutants. They exhibit abnormal behaviors related to cognition, including attention, impulsivity, and working memory (PubMed:26402067). Animals show a reduced recovery rate of noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex region (PubMed:26402067).
messages: RTL4 is one of at least 11 genes called Mar or Mart related to long terminal repeat retrotransposons. They do not correspond to functional retrotransposons, but rather to neofunctionalized retrotransposons genes.

10090:Cers4
gene id: 10090:Cers4
uniprot id: Q9D6J1
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Ceramide synthase that catalyzes formation of ceramide from sphinganine and acyl-CoA substrates, with high selectivity toward long and very-long chains (C18:0-C22:0) as acyl donor.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Phosphorylated at the C-terminus by CK2.
messages: Some prediction bioinformatics tools predict the presence of a homeobox domain (By similarity). However, the domain is degenerate and residues that are important for DNA-binding are absent (By similarity). Moreover, the protein localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum and not in the nucleus, strongly suggesting that it does not constitute a canonical homeobox domain (PubMed:12912983).
messages: The last loop motif confers selectivity toward stearoyl-CoA (octadecanoyl-CoA; C18:0-CoA) to behenoyl-CoA (docosanoyl-CoA; C22:0-CoA) as acyl donors.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in skin.

10090:Gmpr
gene id: 10090:Gmpr
uniprot id: Q9DCZ1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IMPDH/GMPR family. GuaC type 1 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the irreversible NADPH-dependent deamination of GMP to IMP. It functions in the conversion of nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide derivatives of G to A nucleotides, and in maintaining the intracellular balance of A and G nucleotides.
messages: Homotetramer.

10090:Tmem169
gene id: 10090:Tmem169
uniprot id: Q8BG50
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Crhr1
gene id: 10090:Crhr1
uniprot id: K9J9G1
uniprot id: P35347
uniprot id: Q0VGH2
uniprot id: Q3ZAT0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
messages: C-terminal Ser or Thr residues may be phosphorylated.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain cortex (at protein level).
messages: Endosome
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for CRH (corticotropin-releasing factor) and UCN (urocortin). Has high affinity for CRH and UCN. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Promotes the activation of adenylate cyclase, leading to increased intracellular cAMP levels. Inhibits the activity of the calcium channel CACNA1H. Required for normal embryonic development of the adrenal gland and for normal hormonal responses to stress. Plays a role in the response to anxiogenic stimuli.
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with GPER1 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminal extracellular domain) with CRH and UCN. Interacts with DLG1; this inhibits endocytosis of CRHR1 after agonist binding.
messages: Heterozygous mice are fertile and produce homozygous pups at the expected Mendelian rate, but about 15% of the homozygous males die between 3 and 12 weeks after birth. Mice are deficient in CRF-mediated secretion of ACTH and show no increase in intracellular cAMP levels in response to CRF. Mice display a marked decrease in the size of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland, where corticosterone is produced, and have very low plasma corticosterone levels. Mutant mice display reduced anxiety. They fail to produce increased levels of ACTH and corticosterone in response to stress, contrary to wild type mice. Homozygous mice are fertile, but almost all of the pups die within 48 hours after birth, due to defects in lung inflation and alveolar collapse. Treatment of pregnant females with corticosterone-containing drinking water results in normal lung maturation and normal survival of their progeny.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-301 by PKA prevents maximal coupling to Gq-protein, and thereby negatively regulates downstream signaling.
messages: The transmembrane domain is composed of seven transmembrane helices that are arranged in V-shape. Transmembrane helix 7 assumes a sharply kinked structure (By similarity).

10090:Fgf11
gene id: 10090:Fgf11
uniprot id: A0A7U3L4H2
uniprot id: P70378
uniprot id: Q6NXW2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Brain and eye, and in a segmental pattern of the embryonic body wall. In adult olfactory bulb, hippocampus and most concentrated in Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably involved in nervous system development and function.

10090:Qtrt1
gene id: 10090:Qtrt1
uniprot id: Q9JMA2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase (TGT) that catalyzes the base-exchange of a guanine (G) residue with queuine (Q) at position 34 (anticodon wobble position) in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr), resulting in the hypermodified nucleoside queuosine (7-(((4,5-cis-dihydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-yl)amino)methyl)-7-deazaguanosine) (PubMed:19414587, PubMed:29862811). Catalysis occurs through a double-displacement mechanism. The nucleophile active site attacks the C1' of nucleotide 34 to detach the guanine base from the RNA, forming a covalent enzyme-RNA intermediate. The proton acceptor active site deprotonates the incoming queuine, allowing a nucleophilic attack on the C1' of the ribose to form the product (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, ling, skeletal muscle, spleen and testis.
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit QTRT1 and an accessory subunit QTRT2.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Prkd1
gene id: 10090:Prkd1
uniprot id: Q62101
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by DAG and phorbol esters. Phorbol-ester/DAG-type domain 1 binds DAG with high affinity and appears to play the dominant role in mediating translocation to the cell membrane and trans-Golgi network. Phorbol-ester/DAG-type domain 2 binds phorbol ester with higher affinity. Autophosphorylation of Ser-748 and phosphorylation of Ser-744 by PKC relieves auto-inhibition by the PH domain. Phosphorylation on Tyr-469 by the SRC-ABL1 pathway in response to oxidative stress, is also required for activation. Activated by DAPK1 under oxidative stress (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKD subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with ADAP1/CENTA1. Interacts with MAPK13. Interacts with DAPK1 in an oxidative stress-regulated manner. Interacts with USP28; the interaction induces phosphorylation of USP28 and activated KRAS-mediated stabilization of ZNF304 (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP13 (via C-terminal domain) (PubMed:24161911).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-403 and Ser-407 by MAPK13 during regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). Phosphorylated by DAPK1 (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Tyr-93 and by ABL at Tyr-469, which primes the kinase in response to oxidative stress, and promotes a second step activating phosphorylation at Ser-744/Ser-748 by PKRD (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Ser-916 upon S.enterica infection in macrophages (PubMed:27184844).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects downstream of PKC, and is involved in the regulation of MAPK8/JNK1 and Ras signaling, Golgi membrane integrity and trafficking, cell survival through NF-kappa-B activation, cell migration, cell differentiation by mediating HDAC7 nuclear export, cell proliferation via MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling, and plays a role in cardiac hypertrophy, VEGFA-induced angiogenesis, genotoxic-induced apoptosis and flagellin-stimulated inflammatory response. Phosphorylates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on dual threonine residues, which leads to the suppression of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced MAPK8/JNK1 activation and subsequent JUN phosphorylation. Phosphorylates RIN1, inducing RIN1 binding to 14-3-3 proteins YWHAB, YWHAE and YWHAZ and increased competition with RAF1 for binding to GTP-bound form of Ras proteins (NRAS, HRAS and KRAS). Acts downstream of the heterotrimeric G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex to maintain the structural integrity of the Golgi membranes, and is required for protein transport along the secretory pathway. In the trans-Golgi network (TGN), regulates the fission of transport vesicles that are on their way to the plasma membrane. May act by activating the lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) at the TGN for the local synthesis of phosphorylated inositol lipids, which induces a sequential production of DAG, phosphatidic acid (PA) and lyso-PA (LPA) that are necessary for membrane fission and generation of specific transport carriers to the cell surface. Under oxidative stress, is phosphorylated at Tyr-469 via SRC-ABL1 and contributes to cell survival by activating IKK complex and subsequent nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. Involved in cell migration by regulating integrin alpha-5/beta-3 recycling and promoting its recruitment in newly forming focal adhesion. In osteoblast differentiation, m…
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Slc22a6
gene id: 10090:Slc22a6
uniprot id: Q8VC69
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Developmentally regulated with significant expression beginning at 18 dpc and rising just before birth.
messages: Expressed in kidney; in the basolateral membrane and at much lower levels in brain.
messages: Glycosylated. Glycosylation is necessary for proper targeting of the transporter to the plasma membrane.
messages: Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one molecule of endogenous dicarboxylic acid (glutarate, ketoglutarate, etc). Mediates the transport of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha) and may be involved in their renal excretion (By similarity). Also mediates the sodium-independent uptake of 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS), cidofovir, adefovir, 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) guanine (PMEG), 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl) diaminopurine (PMEDAP), ochratoxin (OTA), acyclovir (ACV), 3'-azido-3-'deoxythymidine (AZT), cimetidine (CMD), 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetate (2,4-D), hippurate (HA), indoleacetate (IA), indoxyl sulfate (IS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionate (CMPF) and edaravone sulfate (By similarity). Mediates the sodium-independent uptake of p-aminohippurate (PAH). PAH uptake is inhibited by benzothiazolylcysteine (BTC), S-chlorotrifluoroethylcysteine (CTFC), cysteine S-conjugates S-dichlorovinylcysteine (DCVC), furosemide, steviol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), calcium ionophore A23187, benzylpenicillin, bumetamide, losartan, probenecid, phenol red, urate, glutarate and alpha-ketoglutarate (By similarity). PAH uptake is inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzenesulphonate (PCMBS), diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC), indomethacin, sulindac, diclofenac, carprofen, okadaic acid and PKC activators.
messages: Multiple cysteine residues are necessary for proper targeting to the plasma membrane.

10090:Dph1
gene id: 10090:Dph1
uniprot id: Q5NCQ5
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DPH1/DPH2 family. DPH1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. The cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
messages: Catalyzes the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2 (PubMed:15485916, PubMed:24895408). DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Acts as a tumor suppressor (PubMed:14744934, PubMed:15661533, PubMed:24895408).
messages: Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Interacts with DPH2 (PubMed:15485916, PubMed:21203470). Interacts with RBM8A (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in heart, neural tube, forebrain, mandible, tongue and body walls at 10.5 to 14.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:24895408). Expressed in lung, stomach, brain, heart, kidney and gonads at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:11527402).
messages: Global developmental delay (PubMed:14744934, PubMed:24895408). Abnormal palatogenesis; palatine bone absent, micrognathia, cleft palate and small skull (PubMed:14744934, PubMed:24895408). Results in death during gestation or soon after birth with a small body size (PubMed:14744934). May also result in preaxial polydactyly of the right hindlimb and abnormal hepatic development (PubMed:14744934). Knockout mice leads to an increased frequency of tumor formation (PubMed:14744934, PubMed:24895408).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney and liver. Moderately expressed in brain, skin and testis. Weakly expressed in heart, lung, small intestine, spleen, stomach and thymus.

10090:Hoxc12
gene id: 10090:Hoxc12
uniprot id: Q8K5B8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Usp17la
gene id: 10090:Usp17la
uniprot id: Q61068
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes. Has deubiquitinating enzyme activity for DNAH5, suggesting a role in the regulation of DNAH5 degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Has growth-suppressing activity; induces arrest in G1 phase upon controlled expression.
messages: Expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cell lines Ba/F3 and FDCP1. Not detected in brain, lung, liver, kidney, thymus, spleen and bone marrow.
messages: Polyubiquitinated; ubiquitination leads to its subsequent degradation.
messages: Up-regulated by IL3, IL5 and CSF2.

10090:Preb
gene id: 10090:Preb
uniprot id: D3Z3S1
uniprot id: Q3UAP1
uniprot id: Q9WUQ2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC12 family.
messages: Detected starting at 10.5 dpc in the ectoderm and superficial mesoderm surrounding the caudal part of the tail region. At 12.5 dpc detected in dorsal root ganglia, surface ectoderm surrounding the caudal part of the tail, the inferior wall of the genital tubercle, developing liver, in Rathke pouch and in condensing mesenchyme forming the roof of the skull. At 14.5 dpc detected in the perichondrial region of the craniofacial, axial, and appendicular skeleton. By 16.5 dpc expression is much lower throughout the embryo, and is not detectable by 18.5 dpc.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor that specifically activates the small GTPase SAR1B. Mediates the recruitment of SAR1B and other COPII coat components to endoplasmic reticulum membranes and is therefore required for the formation of COPII transport vesicles from the ER.
messages: Interacts with SAR1B (GDP-bound form) (PubMed:11422940). Interacts with MIA2; recruits PREB to endoplasmic reticulum exit sites (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SAR1B (GDP-bound form). Interacts with MIA2; recruits PREB to endoplasmic reticulum exit sites.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Was first identified based on its probable role in the regulation of pituitary gene transcription. Binds to the prolactin gene (PRL) promoter and seems to activate transcription.

10090:Slc38a7
gene id: 10090:Slc38a7
uniprot id: Q8BWH0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Highly expressed in the brain, including the hippocampus, especially in the granular layer of dentate gyrus cells and the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, hypothalamus, in the layer of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and the layers of cortex (PubMed:21511949). Particularly strong expression in neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus, basolateral amygdala, ventral tegmental area, and locus coeruleus (PubMed:21511949). Not detected in glial cells, including astrocytes (PubMed:21511949). In addition to brain, also expressed in the spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:21511949).
messages: Interacts with the mTORC1 complex; this interaction mediates the recruitment of mTORC1 to the lysosome and its subsequent activation.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Symporter that selectively cotransports sodium ions and amino acids, such as L-glutamine and L-asparagine from the lysosome into the cytoplasm and may participates in mTORC1 activation (PubMed:21511949, PubMed:28416685). The transport activity requires an acidic lysosomal lumen (By similarity).
messages: axon

10090:F11
gene id: 10090:F11
uniprot id: Q91Y47
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by factor XIIa (or XII), which cleaves each polypeptide after Arg-389 into the light chain, which contains the active site, and the heavy chain, which associates with high molecular weight (HMW) kininogen.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Plasma kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Factor XI triggers the middle phase of the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation by activating factor IX.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Forms a heterodimer with SERPINA5. After activation the heavy and light chains are also linked by a disulfide bond (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by SERPINA5.
messages: N-glycosylated on both chains. N-glycosylated sites mainly consist of nonfucosylated sialylated biantennary (in high abundance) and/or triantennary (in low abundance) complex structures.
messages: Secreted

10090:Maf
gene id: 10090:Maf
uniprot id: P54843
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. When overexpressed, represses anti-oxidant response element (ARE)-mediated transcription. Involved either as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor, depending on the cell context. Binds to the ARE sites of detoxifying enzyme gene promoters (By similarity). Involved in embryonic lens fiber cell development. Recruits the transcriptional coactivators CREBBP and/or EP300 to crystallin promoters leading to up-regulation of crystallin gene during lens fiber cell differentiation. Activates the expression of IL4 in T helper 2 (Th2) cells. Increases T-cell susceptibility to apoptosis by interacting with MYB and decreasing BCL2 expression. Together with PAX6, transactivates strongly the glucagon gene promoter through the G1 element. Activates transcription of the CD13 proximal promoter in endothelial cells. Represses transcription of the CD13 promoter in early stages of myelopoiesis by affecting the ETS1 and MYB cooperative interaction. Involved in the initial chondrocyte terminal differentiation and the disappearance of hypertrophic chondrocytes during endochondral bone development. Binds to the sequence 5'-[GT]G[GC]N[GT]NCTCAGNN-3' in the L7 promoter. Binds to the T-MARE (Maf response element) sites of lens-specific alpha- and beta-crystallin gene promoters. Binds element G1 on the glucagon promoter. Binds an AT-rich region adjacent to the TGC motif (atypical Maf response element) in the CD13 proximal promoter in endothelial cells. It may interact with additional basic-zipper proteins that determine a subtype of Maf-responsive element binding.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the floor of the diencephalon at 10 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the midline of the forebrain and in the eye region at 9 dpc. Expressed in the head ectoderm destined to become the lens vesicle at 9 and 10 dpc. Expressed in the lens placode at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the lens vesicle in both epithelial and fiber cells at 11 dpc. Expressed in secondary fiber cells at the equatorial region that divides the lens into anterior and posterior hemispheres between 11 and 14 dpc. Expressed in the neural tube and in primary fiber cells of the lens at 11.5 dpc. Expressed in proximal tubules of the cortex in the kidney at 16 and 17 dpc. Expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes at 14.5 to 18.5 dpc. Expressed in the pancreas at 12.5 dpc until the adult stage.
messages: Expressed in tubules of the renal cortex and hepatocytes. Expressed in the lens (at protein level). Expressed in pancreatic islets and endothelial cells.
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer with other bHLH-Zip transcription factors. Binds DNA as a homodimer or as a heterodimer. Heterotetramer of two MAF and two USF2. Interacts with PAX6; the interaction is direct. Interacts with MYB; interaction takes place weakly in normal T-cells and increases in T-cells following stimulation through the TCR engagement. Interacts with MYB; the ternary complex formed with MYB and the CD13 promoter is regulated in response to differentiating signals. Interacts with USF2; the interaction inhibits its DNA-binding activity on the L7 promoter. Interacts with CREBBP, EP300 and ETS1 (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice lacking this gene exhibit small eyes or microphthalmia with an absence of normal lens structures, an abnormal chondrocyte development, with terminal differentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes initially delayed, followed by a subsequent expansion of the hypertrophic chondrocyte domain in the growth plates of embryonic and postnatal long bones. They also show a lack of IL4 production.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by GSK3 and MAPK13 on serine and threonine residues (By similarity). The phosphorylation status can serve to either stimulate or inhibit transcription.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitination is triggered by glucocorticoids (By similarity).

10090:Gngt1
gene id: 10090:Gngt1
uniprot id: Q61012
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G protein gamma family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
messages: Retinal rod outer segment.

10090:Dock8
gene id: 10090:Dock8
uniprot id: Q8C147
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DOCK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in T cells (PubMed:28028151). Expressed in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (PubMed:25713392).
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which specifically activates small GTPase CDC42 by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP (PubMed:28028151, PubMed:22461490). During immune responses, required for interstitial dendritic cell (DC) migration by locally activating CDC42 at the leading edge membrane of DC (PubMed:22461490, PubMed:25713392). Required for CD4(+) T-cell migration in response to chemokine stimulation by promoting CDC42 activation at T cell leading edge membrane (PubMed:28028151). Is involved in NK cell cytotoxicity controlling polarization of microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), and possibly regulating CCDC88B-mediated lytic granule transport to MTOC during cell killing (By similarity).
messages: In response to chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1-alpha stimulation, phosphorylated by PRKCA/PKC-alpha which promotes DOCK8 dissociation from LRCH1.
messages: Interacts (via DOCKER domain) with GTPase CDC42; the interaction activates CDC42 by exchanging GDP for GTP (PubMed:22461490). The unphosphorylated form interacts (via DOCKER domain) with LRCH1 (via LRR repeats); the interaction prevents the association between DOCK8 and CDC42 (PubMed:28028151). Interacts with CCDC88B (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile (PubMed:22461490). The number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells are reduced by 50 percent in the spleen and peripheral lymph nodes (PubMed:22461490). The number of marginal zone B cells in the spleen are also reduced (PubMed:22461490). In response to an immune challenge, impaired migration of epidermal dendritic cells to the draining lymph nodes resulting in a failure to prime CD4(+) T-cells characterized by a lack of CD4(+) T-cell proliferation in lymph nodes and a lack of antigen-specific IgG antibody production (PubMed:25713392, PubMed:22461490).
messages: Strain C3H/HeJ mice harbor a point mutation in Dock8 which results in impaired dendritic cell migration. The mutation is not observed in strains CBA/J, C3H/HeOuJ or C3HeB/FeJ.
messages: The DOCKER domain is necessary and sufficient for the GEF activity.
messages: lamellipodium membrane

10090:Clptm1
gene id: 10090:Clptm1
uniprot id: Q8VBZ3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CLPTM1 family.
messages: Involved in GABAergic but not glutamatergic transmission (PubMed:29395912). Binds and traps GABAA receptors in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (PubMed:29395912). Modulates postsynaptic GABAergic transmission, and therefore inhibitory neurotransmission, by reducing the plasma membrane expression of these receptors (PubMed:29395912). Altered GABAergic signaling is one among many causes of cleft palate (PubMed:29395912). Might function as a lipid scramblase, translocating lipids in membranes from one leaflet to the other one (By similarity). Required for efficient glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) inositol deacylation in the ER, which is a crucial step to switch GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) from protein folding to transport states (By similarity). May play a role in T-cell development (PubMed:9218588).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice overexpressing Clptm1 exhibit an aberrant development of thymocytes.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in mouse embryo.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:9218588, PubMed:9828125). Expressed by subcapsular and outer cortical thymic cells (PubMed:9218588).

10090:Irf4
gene id: 10090:Irf4
uniprot id: Q5SUZ4
uniprot id: Q5SUZ5
uniprot id: Q64287
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: Interacts with SPIB and DEF6 (By similarity). Interacts with the BATF-JUNB heterodimer. Interacts with BATF (via bZIP domain); the interaction is direct. Directly interacts with NLRP3 in the nucleus of Th2 cells; this interaction enhances IRF4 ability to bind to the IL4 promoter and is required for optimal IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription (PubMed:26098997). Interacts with SPI1 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Lymphoid cells.
messages: Not induced by interferons.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by ROCK2 regulates IL-17 and IL-21 production.
messages: Transcriptional activator. Binds to the interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) of the MHC class I promoter. Binds the immunoglobulin lambda light chain enhancer, together with PU.1. Probably plays a role in ISRE-targeted signal transduction mechanisms specific to lymphoid cells. Involved in CD8(+) dendritic cell differentiation by forming a complex with the BATF-JUNB heterodimer in immune cells, leading to recognition of AICE sequence (5'-TGAnTCA/GAAA-3'), an immune-specific regulatory element, followed by cooperative binding of BATF and IRF4 and activation of genes.

10090:Il21
gene id: 10090:Il21
uniprot id: E9PX58
uniprot id: Q5SUE2
uniprot id: Q9ES17
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family.
messages: Cytokine with immunoregulatory activity. May promote the transition between innate and adaptive immunity. Induces the production of IgG(1) and IgG(3) in B-cells (PubMed:15100251). Implicated in the generation and maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of germinal-centers. Together with IL6, control the early generation of Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute viral infection (PubMed:23045607). May play a role in proliferation and maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15 (PubMed:11970879). May regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to activating stimuli. In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (By similarity). During T-cell mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation and maturation (PubMed:12893770).
messages: Expressed in CD4(+) T cells.
messages: In CD4(+) T cells, expression is induced upon influenza virus infection by IL6.
messages: Mutants infected with influenza virus do not show a significant difference on germinal center B cells compared to wild-types (PubMed:23045607). Double knockouts for IL21 and IL6 infected with influenza virus show a significant reduction in germinal centers in both the draining lymphatic nodes and the spleens compared to wild-types. Animals show a significant reduction in virus-specific IgM and IgG (PubMed:23045607).
messages: Secreted

10090:Cds2
gene id: 10090:Cds2
uniprot id: A2AMQ5
uniprot id: Q6PBC0
uniprot id: Q8BX08
uniprot id: Q99L43
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CDS family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), an essential intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol (By similarity). Exhibits specificity for the nature of the acyl chains at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions in the substrate, PA and the preferred acyl chain composition is 1-stearoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-phosphatidic acid (By similarity). Plays an important role in regulating the growth and maturation of lipid droplets which are storage organelles at the center of lipid and energy homeostasis (PubMed:26946540).
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of phosphatidic acid (PA) to CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG), an essential intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin and phosphatidylinositol.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous. Expressed in the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer of the retina.

10090:Opa3
gene id: 10090:Opa3
uniprot id: Q505D7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the OPA3 family.
messages: May play some role in mitochondrial processes.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Ctsll3
gene id: 10090:Ctsll3
uniprot id: Q3ULP7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome

10090:Mcpt8
gene id: 10090:Mcpt8
uniprot id: P43430
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Secreted

10090:Galntl6
gene id: 10090:Galntl6
uniprot id: E5D8G1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdk17
gene id: 10090:Cdk17
uniprot id: Q8K0D0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Found in a complex containing CABLES1, CDK16 and TDRD7. Interacts with TDRD7.
messages: May play a role in terminally differentiated neurons. Has a Ser/Thr-phosphorylating activity for histone H1 (By similarity).

10090:Cep290
gene id: 10090:Cep290
uniprot id: E9Q9M0
uniprot id: Q6A078
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Defects in Cep290 are a cause of early-onset retinal degeneration with autosomal recessive inheritance. The rd16 mutant carries a deletion of residues 1599-1897 in the Cep290 protein. Homozygous rd16 mice are characterized by the appearance of white retinal vessels at 1 month of age and large pigment patches at 2 months. Retinal degeneration is apparent as early as postnatal day 19 and progresses with age. The rd16 retina exhibits altered distribution of Rpgr and phototransduction proteins within the photoreceptor cells.
messages: Expressed in multiple organs during early postnatal development, with highest levels in hindbrain.
messages: Involved in early and late steps in cilia formation (PubMed:21565611). Its association with CCP110 is required for inhibition of primary cilia formation by CCP110 (By similarity). May play a role in early ciliogenesis in the disappearance of centriolar satellites and in the transition of primary ciliar vesicles (PCVs) to capped ciliary vesicles (CCVs). Required for the centrosomal recruitment of RAB8A and for the targeting of centriole satellite proteins to centrosomes such as of PCM1 (By similarity). Required for the correct localization of ciliary and phototransduction proteins in retinal photoreceptor cells; may play a role in ciliary transport processes (PubMed:16632484). Required for efficient recruitment of RAB8A to primary cilium (By similarity). In the ciliary transition zone is part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex) which is required for tissue-specific ciliogenesis and may regulate ciliary membrane composition (PubMed:21725307). Involved in regulation of the BBSome complex integrity, specifically for presence of BBS2, BBS5 and BBS8/TTC8 in the complex, and in ciliary targeting of selected BBSome cargos. May play a role in controlling entry of the BBSome complex to cilia possibly implicating IQCB1/NPHP5 (By similarity). Activates ATF4-mediated transcription (By similarity).
messages: Knockout mice appear healthy overall with some runting and a retinal degeneration phenotype. During embryonic development, at 16.5 dpc, they show defective midline fusion. Adult animals show a mild foliation defect in the cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex) (PubMed:21725307). Interacts with ATF4 via its N-terminal region (By similarity). Associates with the BBSome complex, interacting (via N-terminus) with BBS4 (By similarity). Interacts with IQCB1/NPHP5; IQCB1 and CEP290/NPHP6 are proposed to form a functional NPHP5-6 module localized to the centrosome. Interacts with NPHP4; the interaction likely requires additional interactors (PubMed:21565611). Interacts with ZNF423, FAM161A, CEP162, CEP162, CEP131, TALPID3, CCDC13, CC2D2A, RPGRIP1 (By similarity). Can self-associate (homo- or heteromeric) (By similarity). Interacts with CCP110; required for suppressing cilia formation (By similarity). Interacts with RPGR (PubMed:16632484). Associates (via C-terminus) with microtubules; association to microtubule is reduced in response to cellular stress, such as ultraviolet light (UV) radiation or heat shock, in a process that requires p38 MAP kinase signaling (By similarity). Interacts with FAM161A (By similarity). Interacts with PCM1 (PubMed:17705300). Interacts with CCDC66 (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC9 and CSPP1 (By similarity).
messages: Similar levels from 7 dpc to 17 dpc in whole embryo and brain. In the cerebellum, expressed most strongly in dividing cells of the external granule layer.
messages: Ubiquitinated. May undergo monoubiquitination; monoubiquitination is inhibited in response to cellular stress, such as ultraviolet light (UV) radiation or heat shock, but does not cause its displacement from centriolar satellites (By similarity).
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Commd1
gene id: 10090:Commd1
uniprot id: Q8K4M5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Monomer, homodimer. Can form heterodimers with other COMM domain-containing proteins but only certain combinations may exist in vivo. Interacts (via COMM domain) with COMMD2, COMMD3, COMMD4, COMMD5, COMMD6, COMMD7, COMMD8 and COMMD10 (via COMM domain). Identified in a complex with an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex composed of TCEB1/elongin C, CUL2, SOCS1 and RBX1; in the complex interacts directly with SOCS1 and CUL2. Interacts directly with ATP7B (via the N-terminal region). Interacts with CCS, CDKN2A, RELA, REL, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB2/p100, NFKBIB, SCNN1D, SCNN1B, CFTR, CLU, SGK1, AKT1, CUL1, CUL2, CUL3, CUL4A, CUL4B, CUL5, CUL7, HIF1A. Identified in a complex with NF-kappa-B. Interacts directly with SLC12A2. Interacts with CCDC22 and CCDC93; proposed to be a component of the CCC (COMMD/CCDC22/CCDC93) complex which contains at least COMMD1 (and possibly other COMM domain-containing proteins), CCDC22, CCDC93. Interacts with VPS35L; the interaction associates CCC complex with retriever complex. Interacts with ATP7A. Interacts with FAM107A; this interaction stabilizes COMMD1 in the nucleus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proposed scaffold protein that is implicated in diverse physiological processes and whose function may be in part linked to its ability to regulate ubiquitination of specific cellular proteins. Can modulate activity of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complexes by displacing CAND1; in vitro promotes CRL E3 activity and dissociates CAND1 from CUL1 and CUL2. Promotes ubiquitination of NF-kappa-B subunit RELA and its subsequent proteasomal degradation. Down-regulates NF-kappa-B activity. Involved in the regulation of membrane expression and ubiquitination of SLC12A2. Modulates Na(+) transport in epithelial cells by regulation of apical cell surface expression of amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (ENaC) subunits and by promoting their ubiquitination presumably involving NEDD4L. Promotes the localization of SCNN1D to recycling endosomes. Promotes CFTR cell surface expression through regulation of its ubiquitination. Down-regulates SOD1 activity by interfering with its homodimerization. Plays a role in copper ion homeostasis. Involved in copper-dependent ATP7A trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and vesicles in the cell periphery; the function is proposed to depend on its association within the CCC complex and cooperation with the WASH complex on early endosomes. Can bind one copper ion per monomer. May function to facilitate biliary copper excretion within hepatocytes. Binds to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2). Involved in the regulation of HIF1A-mediated transcription; competes with ARNT/Hif-1-beta for binding to HIF1A resulting in decreased DNA binding and impaired transcriptional activation by HIF-1. Negatively regulates neuroblastoma G1/S phase cell cycle progression and cell proliferation by stimulating ubiquitination of NF-kappa-B subunit RELA and NF-kappa-B degradation in a FAM107A- and actin-dependent manner.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-63'- and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Ubiquitinated by XIAP, leading to its proteasomal degradation (By similarity).

10090:Olfr1123
gene id: 10090:Olfr1123
uniprot id: A2AT85
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tbc1d23
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d23
uniprot id: Q8K0F1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Directly interacts with GOLGA1 and GOLGA4 (PubMed:29084197). Interacts with FAM91A1, C17ORF75 and WDR11; the interaction recruits TBC1D23 to AP-1-derived vesicles (PubMed:29084197). Directly interacts with WASHC1 and WASHC2/FAM21 (PubMed:29084197). Interacts with FKBP15 (PubMed:29084197).
messages: Mutant mice exhibit increased inflammatory cytokine production and recruit more inflammatory cells to the peritoneum, when challenged with different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including LPS.
messages: Putative Rab GTPase-activating protein which plays a role in vesicular trafficking. Involved in endosome-to-Golgi trafficking. Acts as a bridging protein by binding simultaneously to golgins, including GOLGA1 and GOLGA4, located at the trans-Golgi, and to the WASH complex, located on endosome-derived vesicles (PubMed:29084197). Together with WDR11 complex facilitates the golgin-mediated capture of vesicles generated using AP-1 (By similarity). Plays a role in brain development, including in cortical neuron positioning. May also be important for neurite outgrowth, possibly through its involvement in membrane trafficking and cargo delivery, 2 processes which are essential for axonal and dendritic growth (PubMed:28823707). May act as a general inhibitor of innate immunity signaling, strongly inhibiting multiple TLR and dectin/CLEC7A-signaling pathways. Does not alter initial activation events, but instead affects maintenance of inflammatory gene expression several hours after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge (PubMed:22312129).
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Mindy3
gene id: 10090:Mindy3
uniprot id: Q9CV28
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family. FAM188 subfamily.
messages: Hydrolase that can remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins.
messages: Interacts with COPS5.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam177a
gene id: 10090:Fam177a
uniprot id: Q8BR63
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM177 family.

10090:Dennd2a
gene id: 10090:Dennd2a
uniprot id: Q8C4S8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB9A and RAB9B. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form. May play a role in late endosomes back to trans-Golgi network/TGN transport (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Srcin1
gene id: 10090:Srcin1
uniprot id: Q9QWI6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of SRC by activating CSK which inhibits SRC activity and downstream signaling, leading to impaired cell spreading and migration. Regulates dendritic spine morphology. Involved in calcium-dependent exocytosis. May play a role in neurotransmitter release or synapse maintenance (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the SRCIN1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in central nervous system with high levels detected in cortex, cerebellum, midbrain and spinal cord (at protein level). Also expressed in testis and epithelial-rich tissues such as mammary gland, lung and kidney.
messages: Interacts with the N-terminal coiled-coil region of SNAP25. Interacts with BCAR1/p130Cas and SRC through its C-terminal domain. Interacts with CSK, CTTN, SORBS3/vinexin, SYP and MAPRE3/EB3 (By similarity).
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Presynapse
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated in response to EGF and to cell adhesion to integrin ligands.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Slc22a23
gene id: 10090:Slc22a23
uniprot id: Q3UHH2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mrps26
gene id: 10090:Mrps26
uniprot id: Q80ZS3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS26 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Vmn1r233
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r233
uniprot id: Q8R294
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Usp6nl
gene id: 10090:Usp6nl
uniprot id: Q80XC3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a GTPase-activating protein for RAB5A and RAB43. Involved in receptor trafficking. In complex with EPS8 inhibits internalization of EGFR. Involved in retrograde transport from the endocytic pathway to the Golgi apparatus. Involved in the transport of Shiga toxin from early and recycling endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. Required for structural integrity of the Golgi complex (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with EPS8.

10090:Abraxas2
gene id: 10090:Abraxas2
uniprot id: Q3TCJ1
uniprot id: Z4YJY0
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although strongly related to the ABRAXAS1 protein, lacks the C-terminal pSXXF that constitutes a specific recognition motif for the BRCT domain of BRCA1.
messages: Belongs to the FAM175 family. Abro1 subfamily.
messages: Component of the BRISC complex, a multiprotein complex that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin, leaving the last ubiquitin chain attached to its substrates. May act as a central scaffold protein that assembles the various components of the BRISC complex and retains them in the cytoplasm (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating the onset of apoptosis via its role in modulating 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of target proteins (PubMed:21195082). Required for normal mitotic spindle assembly and microtubule attachment to kinetochores via its role in deubiquitinating NUMA1. Plays a role in interferon signaling via its role in the deubiquitination of the interferon receptor IFNAR1; deubiquitination increases IFNAR1 activities by enhancing its stability and cell surface expression (PubMed:24075985, PubMed:26344097). Down-regulates the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via its role in IFNAR1 deubiquitination (PubMed:24075985). Required for normal induction of p53/TP53 in response to DNA damage. Independent of the BRISC complex, promotes interaction between USP7 and p53/TP53, and thereby promotes deubiquitination of p53/TP53, preventing its degradation and resulting in increased p53/TP53-mediated transcription regulation and p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Component of the BRISC complex, at least composed of ABRAXAS2, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Interacts with BRCC3/BRCC36; the interaction is direct. Interacts with BABAM1. Does not interact with BRCA1. Interacts with SHMT1 and SHMT2; the interaction is direct. Identified in a complex with SHMT2 and the other subunits of the BRISC complex. The BRISC complex binds monoubiquitin and both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin. Identified in complexes with IFNAR1, IFNAR2 and SHMT2. Interacts with THAP5 (By similarity). Interacts with ATF4 (PubMed:22974638). Identified in a complex with p53/TP53 and USP7; interacts directly with both proteins. Interacts with NUMA1. Interacts with microtubule minus ends. Binds polyubiquitin (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in heart (at protein level).
messages: Interaction with THAP5 has been shown in human, but rodents lack a THAP5 homolog.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, and are protected against toxic shock caused by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IFNAR1 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination and IFNAR1 internalization are increased.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated in heart in response to ischemia and reperfusion (at protein level).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle pole

10090:Trp53bp2
gene id: 10090:Trp53bp2
uniprot id: Q8CG79
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ASPP family.
messages: Interacts with P53/TP53; the interaction promotes pro-apoptotic activity (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2 (By similarity). Interacts with protein phosphatase 1. Interacts with RELA NF-kappa-B subunit. This interaction probably prevents the activation of apoptosis, possibly by preventing its interaction with p53/TP53. Interacts with APC2 and APPBP1. Interacts with DDX42 (via the C-terminus); the interaction is not inhibited by TP53BP2 ubiquitination and is independent of p53/TP53 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulator that plays a central role in regulation of apoptosis and cell growth via its interactions with proteins such as TP53 (By similarity). Regulates p53/TP53 by enhancing the DNA binding and transactivation function of p53/TP53 on the promoters of proapoptotic genes in vivo. Inhibits the ability of APPBP1 to conjugate NEDD8 to CUL1, and thereby decreases APPBP1 ability to induce apoptosis. Impedes cell cycle progression at G2/M. Its apoptosis-stimulating activity is inhibited by its interaction with DDX42 (By similarity).
messages: The ankyrin repeats and the SH3 domain are required for a specific interactions with p53/TP53.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:A4galt
gene id: 10090:A4galt
uniprot id: Q0R0H6
uniprot id: Q3TRS1
uniprot id: Q3UF00
uniprot id: Q67BJ4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 32 family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of galactose from UDP-alpha-D-galactose to lactosylceramide/beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide(d18:1(4E)) to produce globotriaosylceramide/globoside Gb3Cer (d18:1(4E)). Also able to transfer galactose to galactosylceramide/beta-D-Gal-(1<->1')-Cer. Globoside Gb3Cer is a glycosphingolipid of the globo serie, one of the major types of neutral root structures of glycosphingolipids, that constitute a significant portion of mammalian cell membranes.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: The conserved DXD motif is involved in enzyme activity.

10090:Fbxo42
gene id: 10090:Fbxo42
uniprot id: Q6PDJ6
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Component of some SCF complex, composed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and FBXO42. Interacts (via the kelch domain) with p53/TP53; interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Substrate-recognition component of some SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Specifically recognizes p53/TP53, promoting its ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity).

10090:Polr3f
gene id: 10090:Polr3f
uniprot id: Q8C108
uniprot id: Q921X6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC34/RPC39 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. RPC3/POLR3C, RPC6/POLR3F and RPC7/POLR3G form a Pol III subcomplex (By similarity). Directly interacts with POLR3C (By similarity). Interacts with TBP and TFIIIB90 and GTF3C4 (By similarity). Interacts with MAF1 (By similarity). As part of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, interacts with PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. May direct RNA Pol III binding to the TFIIIB-DNA complex. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved detecting AT-rich DNA, in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity). Preferentially binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1434
gene id: 10090:Olfr1434
uniprot id: Q7TQR9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam217a
gene id: 10090:Fam217a
uniprot id: Q9D9W6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM217 family.

10090:Dok6
gene id: 10090:Dok6
uniprot id: Q2MHE5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DOK family. Type B subfamily.
messages: DOK proteins are enzymatically inert adaptor or scaffolding proteins. They provide a docking platform for the assembly of multimolecular signaling complexes. DOK6 promotes Ret-mediated neurite growth. May have a role in brain development and/or maintenance (By similarity).
messages: Interacts via its PTB domain with phosphorylated RET.
messages: On Ret activation, phosphorylated on one or more C-terminal tyrosine residues by an Src family kinase.
messages: PTB domain mediates receptor interaction.

10090:Spns3
gene id: 10090:Spns3
uniprot id: Q9D232
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Spinster (TC 2.A.1.49) family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Sphingolipid transporter.

10090:Dhdh
gene id: 10090:Dhdh
uniprot id: Q9DBB8
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA family.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Nfia
gene id: 10090:Nfia
uniprot id: B1AUC0
uniprot id: Q02780
uniprot id: Q05B39
uniprot id: Q3UTK6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CTF/NF-I family.
messages: Binds DNA as a homodimer.
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recognizes and binds the palindromic sequence 5'-TTGGCNNNNNGCCAA-3' present in viral and cellular promoters and in the origin of replication of adenovirus type 2. These proteins are individually capable of activating transcription and replication.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.

10090:Lipo3
gene id: 10090:Lipo3
uniprot id: Q3UT41
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.

10090:Atad2
gene id: 10090:Atad2
uniprot id: G3X963
uniprot id: Q6IQY4
uniprot id: Q8CDM1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Interacts with ESR1 and NCOA3 and these interactions are enhanced by estradiol. Interacts with acetylated lysine residues on histone H1.4, H2A, H2B and H3 (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: May be a transcriptional coactivator of the nuclear receptor ESR1 required to induce the expression of a subset of estradiol target genes, such as CCND1, MYC and E2F1. May play a role in the recruitment or occupancy of CREBBP at some ESR1 target gene promoters. May be required for histone hyperacetylation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sbp
gene id: 10090:Sbp
uniprot id: P15501
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By androgens.
messages: Prostate.
messages: This protein seems to be functional equivalent to rat prostatic spermine-binding protein, which is involved in polyamine binding.
messages: To rat SBP.

10090:Prss41
gene id: 10090:Prss41
uniprot id: Q920S2
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Testis-specific. Expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Expressed in Leydig and Sertoli cells (at protein level). Expressed 2 weeks after birth and remains highly expressed in the sexually mature testis. Expressed in the seminiferous tubules but not in the interstitial tissues. Expressed in type B spermatogonia and spermatocytes at stages between preleptotene and pachytene during the spermatogenesis cycle.

10090:Arhgef1
gene id: 10090:Arhgef1
uniprot id: E9PUF7
uniprot id: Q61210
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RHOA, GNA12 and GNA13 (By similarity). Homooligomerizes through the coiled coil region. Interacts with CTNNAL1 (By similarity). May interact with CCPG1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice have reduced response to angiotensin-2 and lowered RhoA signaling pathway.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKCA (By similarity). Angiotensin-2 induced Tyr-737 phosphorylation is mediated by JAK2. Isoform 5 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-390'.
messages: Ref.2 sequence was originally submitted as from rat origin.
messages: Seems to play a role in the regulation of RhoA GTPase by guanine nucleotide-binding alpha-12 (GNA12) and alpha-13 (GNA13) subunits. Acts as GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for GNA12 and GNA13, and as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPase. Activated G alpha 13/GNA13 stimulates the RhoGEF activity through interaction with the RGS-like domain. This GEF activity is inhibited by binding to activated GNA12. Mediates angiotensin-2-induced RhoA activation. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 do not homooligomerize and show an enhanced RhoGEF activity.
messages: The DH domain is involved in interaction with CCPG1.
messages: The RGSL domain, also known as rgRGS domain, is necessary but not sufficient for full GAP activity.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Tmem128
gene id: 10090:Tmem128
uniprot id: Q9CZB9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Mlf2
gene id: 10090:Mlf2
uniprot id: Q3UNV7
uniprot id: Q99KX1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MLF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hoxd1
gene id: 10090:Hoxd1
uniprot id: Q01822
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. Labial subfamily.
messages: Is first detected at the end of the late streak stage in presumptive lateral and extraembryonic mesoderm. During early neurogenesis, it is detected solely in lateral mesoderm. By late neurogenesis and through mid-gestation, it is found in a restricted region of presumed trunk neural crest and the dermatome.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures.

10090:Rapgefl1
gene id: 10090:Rapgefl1
uniprot id: Q68EF8
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
messages: Aberrant splicing.
messages: Probable guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF).

10090:Ccdc125
gene id: 10090:Ccdc125
uniprot id: Q5U465
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in many tissues, with highest levels in spleen, thymus and bone marrow.
messages: May be involved in the regulation of cell migration.

10090:Impact
gene id: 10090:Impact
uniprot id: O55091
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IMPACT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in embryos at 7, 11, 15, and 17 dpc. At 16 dpc, predominantly expressed in the central nervous system (at protein level). Strongly up-regulated during brain development from 17 dpc up to at least postnatal days 14 (at protein level). In N2a neuroblastoma cell line model and in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons, up-regulated during neuronal differentiation induced by serum reduction (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with GCN1; prevents the interaction of GCN1 with EIF2AK4/GCN2 and inhibits EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity (PubMed:15937339, PubMed:22404850). Interaction with RPL39; this interaction occurs in a GCN1-independent manner (PubMed:22404850). Associates with ribosomes; this interaction occurs in a GCN1-independent manner (PubMed:22404850). Associates with actin; this interaction occurs in a GCN1-independent manner (PubMed:22404850).
messages: Present in neurons in most areas of the brain. Present at high level in hypothalamus, particularly in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:15937339, PubMed:18260151). Preferentially expressed in brain, with a weaker expression in other tissues (PubMed:9256468).
messages: The Impact locus is imprinted. Paternal inherited gene is expressed, while the maternal inherited gene is silenced. In contrast with most imprinted genes, neighboring genes are apparently not imprinted.
messages: Translational regulator that ensures constant high levels of translation upon a variety of stress conditions, such as amino acid starvation, UV-C irradiation, proteasome inhibitor treatment and glucose deprivation. Plays a role as a negative regulator of the EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity; impairs GCN1-mediated EIF2AK4/GCN2 activation, and hence EIF2AK4/GCN2-mediated eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation and subsequent down-regulation of protein synthesis (PubMed:15937339, PubMed:23447528, PubMed:24333428). May be required to regulate translation in specific neuronal cells under amino acid starvation conditions by preventing GCN2 activation and therefore ATF4 synthesis (PubMed:15937339, PubMed:23447528). Through its inhibitory action on EIF2AK4/GCN2, plays a role in differentiation of neuronal cells by stimulating neurite outgrowth (PubMed:23447528).
messages: Up-regulated after serum withdrawal during neuronal differentiation (PubMed:23447528).

10090:Defa23
gene id: 10090:Defa23
uniprot id: Q5G866
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: May have microbicidal activities.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fnbp1l
gene id: 10090:Fnbp1l
uniprot id: E9PUI5
uniprot id: E9PUK3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FNBP1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Membrane
messages: Vesicle
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Myo7b
gene id: 10090:Myo7b
uniprot id: Q99MZ6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Detected in intestinal enterocytes at embryonic day 17.
messages: Expressed primarily in kidney and intestine. Detected in proximal tubule cells of the kidney and enterocytes of the intestine, specifically the distal tips of apical microvilli on these transporting epithelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Their highly divergent tails are presumed to bind to membranous compartments, which would be moved relative to actin filaments. As part of the intermicrovillar adhesion complex/IMAC plays a role in epithelial brush border differentiation, controlling microvilli organization and length. May link the complex to the actin core bundle of microvilli.
messages: Part of the IMAC/intermicrovillar adhesion complex/intermicrovillar tip-link complex composed of ANKS4B, MYO7B, USH1C, CDHR2 and CDHR5. Interacts with CDHR2. Interacts with CDHR5. Interacts with USH1C (By similarity). Interacts with ANKS4B; requires initial interaction with USH1C (Probable).
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-7 (MYH7).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: microvillus

10090:Olfr1216
gene id: 10090:Olfr1216
uniprot id: Q7TR05
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1283
gene id: 10090:Olfr1283
uniprot id: Q7TQY4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Golga2
gene id: 10090:Golga2
uniprot id: Q921M4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GOLGA2 family.
messages: Cleaved by caspases at the onset of apoptosis.
messages: Detected in brain, lung, liver, thymus and pancreas (PubMed:28028212). Detected in spermatocytes (PubMed:28617811). Present in oocytes during all oocyte meiotic maturation (at protein level).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Extended rod-like protein with long coiled-coil domains.
messages: Homodimer, may assemble into homohexamers (By similarity). Homotetramer; forms a parallel homotetramer with a flexible rod-like structure that can give rise to I- and Y-shaped conformations. Interacts with GORASP1/GRASP65. The homooligomer forms a complex with GORASP1 with a 1:1 stoichiometry (By similarity). Interacts with RAB1B that has been activated by GTP-binding. Interacts with p115/USO1; interaction with p115/USO1 inhibits interaction with STX5 and/or RAB1B. Interacts with STX5 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFPL1 (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP450/AKAP9; leading to recruit AKAP450/AKAP9 to the cis-Golgi (By similarity).
messages: Methylation by PRMT5 is required for Golgi ribbon formation.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and have normal weight at birth. However, they display strongly decreased growth during the following weeks and die between 15 and 35 days after birth. Mice display ataxia and motor coordination defects that worsen with increasing age. Mice with a neuron-specific gene disruption display normal overall brain architecture, but the size of the cerebellum is strongly reduced in adults. After the third week after birth, a progressive loss of Purkinje cell is observed, leading to cerebellar atrophy. Purkinje cells from mutant mice appear normal at 9 days after birth, but display a strong decrease of the size and arborization of dendrites, associated with impaired dendritic protein transport. Other neurons in the molecular or granule layer of the cerebellum are not affected. Mice with a neuron-specific gene disruption display decreased growth, but have a normal lifespan and have only mild motor coordination defects at three weeks after birth, but defects are obvious at 8 weeks after birth.
messages: Peripheral membrane component of the cis-Golgi stack that acts as a membrane skeleton that maintains the structure of the Golgi apparatus, and as a vesicle thether that facilitates vesicle fusion to the Golgi membrane (PubMed:28028212). Required for normal protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and the cell membrane (PubMed:28028212). Together with p115/USO1 and STX5, involved in vesicle tethering and fusion at the cis-Golgi membrane to maintain the stacked and inter-connected structure of the Golgi apparatus. Plays a central role in mitotic Golgi disassembly: phosphorylation at Ser-37 by CDK1 at the onset of mitosis inhibits the interaction with p115/USO1, preventing tethering of COPI vesicles and thereby inhibiting transport through the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. Also plays a key role in spindle pole assembly and centrosome organization (By similarity). Promotes the mitotic spindle pole assembly by activating the spindle assembly factor TPX2 to nucleate microtubules around the Golgi and capture them to couple mitotic membranes to the spindle: upon phosphorylation at the onset of mitosis, GOLGA2 interacts with importin-alpha via the nuclear localization signal region, leading to recruit importin-alpha to the Golgi membranes and liberate the spindle assembly factor TPX2 from importin-alpha. TPX2 then activates AURKA kinase and stimulates local microtubule nucleation. Upon filament assembly, nascent microtubules are further captured by GOLGA2, thus linking Golgi membranes to the spindle (By similarity). Regulates the meiotic spindle pole assembly, probably via the same mechanism (PubMed:21552007). Also regulates the centrosome organization (By similarity). Also required for the Golgi ribbon formation and glycosylation of membrane and secretory proteins (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-37 by CDK1 at the onset of mitosis, inhibiting the interaction with p115/USO1 and triggering Golgi disassembly. A report however suggests that Golgi disassembly is independent of phosphorylation at Ser-37. Phosphorylated at Ser-37 in prophase as the Golgi complex starts to break down, and remains phosphorylated during further breakdown and partitioning of the Golgi fragments in metaphase and anaphase. In telophase, GM130 is dephosphorylated by PP2A as the Golgi fragments start to reassemble.
messages: The nuclear localization signal (cNLS) mediates interaction with importin-alpha, recruiting importin-alpha to the Golgi membrane and liberating TPX2.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: spindle pole

10090:Olfr855
gene id: 10090:Olfr855
uniprot id: Q7TRF8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fgf6
gene id: 10090:Fgf6
uniprot id: A0A7U3L4H7
uniprot id: P21658
uniprot id: Q8C399
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Embryos, adult muscles and adult testis.
messages: Interacts with FGFR1, FGFR2 and FGFR4. Affinity between fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors is increased by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans that function as coreceptors (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, cell differentiation, angiogenesis and myogenesis, and is required for normal muscle regeneration.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Adprhl2
gene id: 10090:Adprhl2
uniprot id: Q8CG72
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ADP-ribosylhydrolase that preferentially hydrolyzes the scissile alpha-O-linkage attached to the anomeric C1'' position of ADP-ribose and acts on different substrates, such as proteins ADP-ribosylated on serine and threonine, free poly(ADP-ribose) and O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose (By similarity). Specifically acts as a serine mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolase by mediating the removal of mono-ADP-ribose attached to serine residues on proteins, thereby playing a key role in DNA damage response (By similarity). Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage (By similarity). Does not hydrolyze ADP-ribosyl-arginine, -cysteine, -diphthamide, or -asparagine bonds (By similarity). Also able to degrade protein free poly(ADP-ribose), which is synthesized in response to DNA damage: free poly(ADP-ribose) acts as a potent cell death signal and its degradation by ADPRHL2 protects cells from poly(ADP-ribose)-dependent cell death, a process named parthanatos (PubMed:24191052, PubMed:30830864). Also hydrolyzes free poly(ADP-ribose) in mitochondria (By similarity). Specifically digests O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose, a product of deacetylation reactions catalyzed by sirtuins (By similarity). Specifically degrades 1''-O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose isomer, rather than 2''-O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose or 3''-O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose isomers (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ADP-ribosylglycohydrolase family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Knockout mice are phenotypically normal and fertile (PubMed:30830864). 1 hour induced brain ischemia results in 100% fatality within 24 hours (PubMed:30830864). 30 minutes of induced brain ischemia results in an increase in infarct size in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum (PubMed:30830864). Increased number of cortical neurons with nucleus-accumulated poly(ADP-ribose) and higher abundance of poly(ADP-ribose) in general (PubMed:30830864).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The protein undergoes a dramatic conformational switch from closed to open states upon substrate-binding, which enables specific substrate recognition for the 1''-O-linkage. The glutamate flap (Glu-47) blocks substrate entrance to Mg(2+) in the unliganded closed state. In presence of substrate, Glu-47 is ejected from the active site: this closed-to-open transition significantly widens the substrate-binding channel and precisely positions the scissile 1''-O-linkage for cleavage while securing tightly 2'- and 3'-hydroxyls of ADP-ribose.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Zmat2
gene id: 10090:Zmat2
uniprot id: Q9CPW7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the spliceosome B complex.
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the spliceosome.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mab21l3
gene id: 10090:Mab21l3
uniprot id: Q8CI17
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the mab-21 family.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-68 is the initiator.

10090:Bok
gene id: 10090:Bok
uniprot id: O35425
uniprot id: Q3TH93
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Matador' means killer in Spanish.
messages: Apoptosis regulator that functions through different apoptotic signaling pathways (PubMed:23429263, PubMed:26015568, PubMed:26949185, PubMed:27098698, PubMed:9535847). Plays a roles as pro-apoptotic protein that positively regulates intrinsic apoptotic process in a BAX- and BAK1-dependent manner or in a BAX- and BAK1-independent manner (PubMed:23429263, PubMed:26015568, PubMed:26949185). In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes mitochondrial apoptosis through downstream BAX/BAK1 activation and positive regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response (PubMed:26015568). Activates apoptosis independently of heterodimerization with survival-promoting BCL2 and BCL2L1 through induction of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, in a BAX- and BAK1-independent manner, in response to inhibition of ERAD-proteasome degradation system, resulting in cytochrome c release (PubMed:9535847, PubMed:26949185). In response to DNA damage, mediates intrinsic apoptotic process in a TP53-dependent manner. Plays a role in granulosa cell apoptosis by CASP3 activation (By similarity). Plays a roles as anti-apoptotic protein during neuronal apoptotic process, by negatively regulating poly ADP-ribose polymerase-dependent cell death through regulation of neuronal calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial bioenergetics in response to NMDA excitation (PubMed:27098698). In addition to its role in apoptosis, may regulate trophoblast cell proliferation during the early stages of placental development, by acting on G1/S transition through regulation of CCNE1 expression.May also play a role as an inducer of autophagy by disrupting interaction between MCL1 and BECN1 (By similarity).
messages: At 15.0 dpc, expressed in brain, liver, thymus, lung, intestinal epithelium and follicles of the whiskers.
messages: BH4 domain mediates interaction with ITPR1.
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Induced upon proteasome inhibition.
messages: Knockout Bok mice have a normal development.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Monomer; positively regulates apoptotic process. Homodimer (PubMed:23429263). Heterodimer (By similarity). Oligomer; promoted by apoptotic stimuli and BH3-only proteins; mediates constitutive activation (PubMed:26949185). Interacts (via BH4 domain) with ITPR1; enhances BOK expression and stabilization; limits apoptosis and prevents ubiquitination and then degradation; protects ITPR1 from proteolysis by CASP3 during apoptosis (PubMed:27053113, PubMed:23884412). Interacts with ITPR2 and ITPR3; binds most strongly to ITPR2, and barely to ITPR3; regulates their expression (PubMed:23884412). Interacts with XPO1; translocates to the cytoplasm (By similarity). Interacts with BNIP3; promotes oligomerization (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Ubiquitinated by AMFR/gp78 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex; mediates degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in a VCP/p97-dependent manner; prevents from proapoptotic activity; promotes degradation of newly synthesized proteins that are not ITPR1 associated.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:9535847, PubMed:23429263). Highly expressed in brain, kidney, and spleen (PubMed:27098698).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Akirin1
gene id: 10090:Akirin1
uniprot id: Q99LF1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Akiraka ni suru' means 'making things clear' in Japanese. The name is given based on the presence of the clear nuclear localization signal.
messages: Belongs to the akirin family.
messages: Expressed in macrophages and satellite cells.
messages: Mice grow normally and do not display gross developmental abnormalities (PubMed:18066067). Embryonic fibroblasts obtained from null mutant mice do not express Akirin1 (PubMed:18066067).
messages: Molecular adapter that acts as a bridge between proteins, and which is involved skeletal muscle development (PubMed:18255059, PubMed:19406121, PubMed:30746755). Functions as signal transducer for MSTN during skeletal muscle regeneration and myogenesis (PubMed:18255059, PubMed:19406121). May regulate chemotaxis of both macrophages and myoblasts by reorganising actin cytoskeleton, leading to more efficient lamellipodia formation via a PI3 kinase dependent pathway (PubMed:19406121). In contrast to AKIRIN2, not involved in nuclear import of proteasomes (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated in activated satellite cells and in the regenerating muscle (PubMed:19406121). Down-regulated by MSTN in skeletal muscle (PubMed:19406121, PubMed:18255059, PubMed:23516508). Down-regulated by dexamethasone by a MSTN (PubMed:23516508).

10090:Olfr420
gene id: 10090:Olfr420
uniprot id: A6H6I2
uniprot id: E9Q4G0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ahcyl1
gene id: 10090:Ahcyl1
uniprot id: Q80SW1
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the adenosylhomocysteinase family.
messages: Binds 1 NAD(+) per subunit.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Forms multimers (By similarity). Forms heteromultimers with AHCYL2 (via the C-terminal region) (PubMed:19220705). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with ITPR1 (when not phosphorylated); the interaction suppresses inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate binding to ITPR1 (PubMed:23542070). Interacts with BCL2L10; this strengthens the interaction of AHCYL1 with ITPR1 (By similarity). Interacts with CFTR and SLC26A6; the interactions take place once AHCYL1 is released from ITPR1 and increase CFTR and SLC26A6 activities (PubMed:19033647, PubMed:21317537, PubMed:23542070). Interacts with RRM1; in a phosphorylation- and (dATP)-dependent manner. Interacts (via PEST domain when phosphorylated) with SLC4A4 isoform 1 but not isoform 2; the interaction increases SLC4A4 isoform 1 activity (PubMed:16769890, PubMed:19033647, PubMed:21317537). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with SLC9A3; the interaction is required for SLC9A3 apical location and activity (PubMed:19224921). Interacts (when phosphorylated) with FIP1L1; the interaction is direct and associates AHCYL1 with the CPSF complex and RNA Interacts with PAPOLA (By similarity). Interacts with ZCCHC4 (By similarity).
messages: In spite of its similarity with AHCY, which catalyzes the reversible hydrolysis of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine to adenosine and homocysteine, recombinant AHCYL1 expressed in bacteria shows no hydrolase activity, nor does it affect the enzyme activity of AHCY.
messages: Microsome
messages: Multifaceted cellular regulator which coordinates several essential cellular functions including regulation of epithelial HCO3(-) and fluid secretion, mRNA processing and DNA replication. Regulates ITPR1 sensitivity to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, competing for the common binding site and acting as endogenous 'pseudoligand' whose inhibitory activity can be modulated by its phosphorylation status. Promotes the formation of contact points between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, facilitating transfer of Ca(2+) from the ER to mitochondria (By similarity). Under normal cellular conditions, functions cooperatively with BCL2L10 to limit ITPR1-mediated Ca(2+) release but, under apoptotic stress conditions, dephosphorylated which promotes dissociation of both AHCYL1 and BCL2L10 from mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes, inhibits BCL2L10 interaction with ITPR1 and leads to increased Ca(2+) transfer to mitochondria which promotes apoptosis (By similarity). In the pancreatic and salivary ducts, at resting state, attenuates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced calcium release by interacting with ITPR1 (By similarity). When extracellular stimuli induce ITPR1 phosphorylation or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production, dissociates from ITPR1 to interact with CFTR and SLC26A6, mediating their synergistic activation by calcium and cAMP that stimulates the epithelial secretion of electrolytes and fluid (PubMed:12525476, PubMed:23542070). Also activates basolateral SLC4A4 isoform 1 to coordinate fluid and HCO3(-) secretion (PubMed:19224921). Inhibits the effect of STK39 on SLC4A4 and CFTR by recruiting PP1 phosphatase which activates SLC4A4, SLC26A6 and CFTR through dephosphorylation (PubMed:19033647, PubMed:21317537). Mediates the induction of SLC9A3 surface expression produced by Angiotensin-2. Depending on the cell type, activates SLC9A3 in response to calcium or reverses SLC9A3R2-dependent calcium inhibition. May modulate the polyadenylation sta…
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser/Thr residues between Ser-68 and Thr-72 in the PEST region: required for interaction with dATP-bound RRM1 and ITPR1. Phosphorylation at Ser-68 by PRKD1 and CAMK4 is required for further phosphorylations by CSNK1A1. Phosphorylation is induced by oxidative stress. Probably phosphorylated by CAMK2A; phosphorylation at Ser-68 may be required for interaction with SLC9A3. Dephosphorylated in response to apoptotic stress conditions which causes translocation of both AHCYL1 and BCL2L10 from mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and promotes apoptosis.
messages: The PEST region is essential for the interaction with ITPR1, and, when phosphorylated, is also the RRM1-binding region. The PDZ-binding region is required for maximal interaction with ITPR1 and is also responsible for the IP3-insensitive interaction with ITPR1.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level). Expressed in the lateral and luminal poles of the pancreatic duct (at protein level).
messages: cytosol

10090:Spp2
gene id: 10090:Spp2
uniprot id: Q8K1I3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPP2 family.
messages: Could coordinate an aspect of bone turnover.
messages: Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Amhr2
gene id: 10090:Amhr2
uniprot id: Q8K592
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Interacts with type I receptor ACVR1.
messages: Membrane
messages: On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. Receptor for anti-Muellerian hormone.

10090:Osbpl10
gene id: 10090:Osbpl10
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0F9
uniprot id: S4R1M9
uniprot id: S4R296
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.
messages: Interacts with OSBPL9. Interacts with DIAPH1.
messages: Probable lipid transporter involved in lipid countertransport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane. Its ability to bind phosphatidylserine, suggests that it specifically exchanges phosphatidylserine with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), delivering phosphatidylserine to the plasma membrane in exchange for PI4P. Plays a role in negative regulation of lipid biosynthesis. Negatively regulates APOB secretion from hepatocytes. Binds cholesterol and acidic phospholipids. Also binds 25-hydroxycholesterol. Binds phosphatidylserine.
messages: The C-terminal region binds cholesterol, 25-hydroxysterol and acidic phospholipids and is required for localization to microtubules.
messages: The PH domain selectively interacts with phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Pon2
gene id: 10090:Pon2
uniprot id: Q62086
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the paraoxonase family.
messages: Binds 2 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Capable of hydrolyzing lactones and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: The signal sequence is not cleaved.

10090:Arntl
gene id: 10090:Arntl
uniprot id: Q9WTL8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated on Lys-544 by CLOCK during the repression phase of the circadian cycle (PubMed:18075593, PubMed:31294688). Acetylation facilitates recruitment of CRY1 protein and initiates the repression phase of the circadian cycle (PubMed:18075593). Acetylated at Lys-544 by KAT5 during the activation phase of the cycle, leading to recruitment of the positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) and BRD4, followed by productive elongation of circadian transcripts (PubMed:31294688). Deacetylated by SIRT1, which may result in decreased protein stability (PubMed:18662547).
messages: Component of the circadian clock oscillator which includes the CRY1/2 proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, BMAL1 or BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS and the PER1/2/3 proteins (PubMed:11779462). Forms a heterodimer with CLOCK (PubMed:9616112, PubMed:16717091, PubMed:16980631, PubMed:18662546, PubMed:19946213, PubMed:19330005, PubMed:21613214, PubMed:23970558, PubMed:22653727). The CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer is required for E-box-dependent transactivation, for CLOCK nuclear translocation and degradation, and, for phosphorylation of both CLOCK and BMAL1 (PubMed:11779462). Part of a nuclear complex which also includes RACK1 and PRKCA; RACK1 and PRKCA are recruited to the complex in a circadian manner (PubMed:20093473). Interacts with NPAS2 (PubMed:16628007). Interacts with EZH2 (PubMed:16717091, PubMed:23970558). Interacts with SUMO3 (PubMed:18644859). Interacts with SIRT1 (PubMed:18662546, PubMed:18662547, PubMed:19299583). Interacts with AHR (PubMed:20106950). Interacts with ID1, ID2 and ID3 (PubMed:20861012). Interacts with DDX4 (PubMed:22900038). Interacts with OGT (PubMed:23337503). Interacts with EED and SUZ12 (PubMed:23970558). Interacts with MTA1 (PubMed:24089055). Interacts with CIART (PubMed:24385426, PubMed:24736997). Interacts with HSP90 (By similarity). Interacts with KAT2B and EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with BHLHE40/DEC1 and BHLHE41/DEC2 (PubMed:12397359). Interacts with RELB and the interaction is enhanced in the presence of CLOCK (PubMed:22894897). Interacts with PER1, PER2, CRY1 and CRY2 and this interaction requires a translocation to the nucleus (PubMed:18430226, PubMed:19605937, PubMed:20840750, PubMed:21613214, PubMed:24154698). Interaction of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer with PER or CRY inhibits transcription activation (PubMed:21613214). Interaction of the CLOCK-BMAL1 with CRY1 is independent of DNA but with PER2 is off DNA (PubMed:21613214). The CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer interacts with GSK3B (PubMed:19946213, PubMed:20049328). Interacts with KDM5A (Pub…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver.
messages: Expressed in liver and testis (at protein level). Expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in a circadian manner (PubMed:29138967).
messages: Mice are characterized by reduced lifespan, and the presence of a number of pathologies characteristic of pre-mature aging and increased oxidative stress. They show impaired functional connectivity, increased oxidative damage and severe astrogliosis in the brain. They also exhibit accelerated thrombosis with elevated levels of thrombogenic factors, including VWF, SERPINE1/PAI1, and fibrinogen. Both male and female mice are infertile and male mice have low testosterone and high luteinizing hormone serum levels and a significant decrease in sperm count (PubMed:18258755, PubMed:22101268, PubMed:24270424, PubMed:24481314). Conditional knockout in myeloid cells increases the risk of sepsis lethality which is associated with elevated lactate production and CD274 expression in macrophages (PubMed:29996098). Myeloid-cell-specific BMAL1 and PKM2 double knockout reduces the risk of sepsis lethality which is associated with reduced serum lactate levels and reduced CD274 expression in macrophages (PubMed:29996098). Conditional knockout in skeletal muscle leads to impaired skeletal muscle triglyceride biosynthesis, accumulation of bioactive lipids and amino acids and reduced mitochondrial efficiency (PubMed:30096135).
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated; contains O-GlcNAc. O-glycosylation by OGT prevents protein degradation by inhibiting ubiquitination. It also stabilizes the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer thereby increasing CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcription of genes in the negative loop of the circadian clock such as PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2.
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated upon dimerization with CLOCK. Phosphorylation enhances the transcriptional activity, alters the subcellular localization and decreases the stability of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer by promoting its degradation. Phosphorylation shows circadian variations in the liver with a peak between CT10 to CT14. Phosphorylation at Ser-97 by CK2 is essential for its nuclear localization, its interaction with CLOCK and controls CLOCK nuclear entry. Dephosphorylation at Ser-85 is important for dimerization with CLOCK and transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-266 upon dimerization with CLOCK. Predominantly conjugated to poly-SUMO2/3 rather than SUMO1 and the level of these conjugates undergo rhythmic variation, peaking at CT9-CT12. Sumoylation localizes it exclusively to the PML body and promotes its ubiquitination in the PML body, ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation and the transcriptional activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer.
messages: The redox state of the cell can modulate the transcriptional activity of the CLOCK-BMAL1 and NPAS2-BMAL1 heterodimers; NADH and NADPH enhance the DNA-binding activity of the heterodimers.
messages: Transcriptional activator which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, BMAL1, BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a …
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation (PubMed:16980631, PubMed:18644859, PubMed:23185022, PubMed:26776516). Deubiquitinated by USP9X (PubMed:29626158).
messages: Undergoes lysosome-mediated degradation in a time-dependent manner in the liver.

10090:Oas1g
gene id: 10090:Oas1g
uniprot id: Q8K469
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Rrp1b
gene id: 10090:Rrp1b
uniprot id: Q91YK2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRP1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Interacts with the transcriptional activator E2F1 (By similarity). Interacts with serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1 subunits PPP1CB and PPP1CC but not with PPP1CA (By similarity). Interacts with 60S ribosomal proteins RPL5 and RPL27, ribosomal processing protein RRP1/NNP1 and other nucleolar proteins including NOP2/NOL1 and FBL (By similarity). Also interacts with nucleolar protein NPM1/B23 (By similarity). Interacts with splicing factor SRSF1 and LUC7L3/CROP (By similarity). Interacts with GTPase activator SIPA1 (PubMed:18081427). Interacts with H1-10, NCL, PARP1, TRIM28 and YBX3 (By similarity).
messages: Positively regulates DNA damage-induced apoptosis by acting as a transcriptional coactivator of proapoptotic target genes of the transcriptional activator E2F1 (By similarity). Likely to play a role in ribosome biogenesis by targeting serine/threonine protein phosphatase PP1 to the nucleolus (By similarity). Involved in regulation of mRNA splicing (PubMed:23604122). Inhibits SIPA1 GTPase activity (PubMed:18081427). Involved in regulating expression of extracellular matrix genes (PubMed:18081427). Associates with chromatin and may play a role in modulating chromatin structure (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Kctd11
gene id: 10090:Kctd11
uniprot id: Q8K485
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected at 7.5 dpc in neuroectodermal cells, and later in neural crest, in ventral region of the spinal cord and in ventricular epithelium of the neural tube.
messages: Homopentamer. Interacts with KCTD6 and KCTD21; KCTD11 and KCTD6 or KCTD21 may associate in pentameric assemblies. Component of the BCR(KCTD11) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3 and KCTD11 and RBX1. Interacts (via BTB domain) with CUL3; initially a 4:4 stoichiometry has been reported, however, electron microscopy revealed pentameric states of the BTB domain.
messages: Overexpression of Kctd11 by lentiviral vector injection inhibits xenograft tumor growth in athymic nude mice.
messages: Plays a role as a marker and a regulator of neuronal differentiation; Up-regulated by a variety of neurogenic signals, such as retinoic acid, epidermal growth factor/EGF and NGFB/nerve growth factor. Induces apoptosis, growth arrest and the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1B. Plays a role as a tumor repressor and inhibits cell growth and tumorigenicity of medulloblastoma (MDB). Acts as probable substrate-specific adapter for a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex towards HDAC1. Functions as antagonist of the Hedgehog pathway on cell proliferation and differentiation by affecting the nuclear transfer of transcription factor GLI1, thus maintaining cerebellar granule cells in undifferentiated state, this effect probably occurs via HDAC1 down-regulation, keeping GLI1 acetylated and inactive. When knock-down, Hedgehog antagonism is impaired and proliferation of granule cells is sustained. Activates the caspase cascade.
messages: The BTB domain is required for growth-suppressing properties.
messages: Weakly expressed in lung. In the cerebellum, higher expression in non proliferating external granule cells layer than in highly proliferating ones.

10090:Mcur1
gene id: 10090:Mcur1
uniprot id: Q9CXD6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC90 family.
messages: Conditional knockout mice lacking Mcur1 in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells are viable and are born at the expected Mendelian. They however show impaired mitochondrial calcium uptake and mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) current.
messages: Interacts (via coiled coil regions) with MCU; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SMDT1/EMRE; the interaction is direct. Interacts with PPIF.
messages: Key regulator of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) required for calcium entry into mitochondrion. Plays a direct role in uniporter-mediated calcium uptake via a direct interaction with MCU. Probably involved in the assembly of the membrane components of the uniporter complex (uniplex).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Dnajc24
gene id: 10090:Dnajc24
uniprot id: Q91ZF0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A nucleotide mismatch versus the mouse genome results in the formation of an upstream ATG start codon.
messages: Belongs to the DPH4 family.
messages: Detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney and testis.
messages: High embryonic lethality at 14.5 dpc. As early as 10.5 dpc, embryos are smaller than their wild-type littermates. Embryos that survive long enough to initiate digit formation show one or more additional preaxial digits.
messages: Monomer and homooligomer. Iron binding promotes oligomerization (By similarity).
messages: The DPH-type metal-binding (MB) domain can bind either zinc or iron ions.
messages: The iron-bound form is redox-active and can function as electron carrier (By similarity). Stimulates the ATPase activity of several Hsp70-type chaperones. This ability is enhanced by iron-binding. Plays a role in the diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Arhgef5
gene id: 10090:Arhgef5
uniprot id: E9Q7D5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activation of SRC induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ARHGEF5.
messages: Chemotaxis of macrophages, T and B lymphocytes and bone marrow-derived mature dendritic cells from mutant mice is not affected but chemotaxis of immature dendritic cells is abolished.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor which activates Rho GTPases (PubMed:19713215, PubMed:21525037). Strongly activates RHOA (PubMed:19713215, PubMed:21525037). Also strongly activates RHOB, weakly activates RHOC and RHOG and shows no effect on RHOD, RHOV, RHOQ or RAC1 (PubMed:19713215). Involved in regulation of cell shape and actin cytoskeletal organization (PubMed:21525037). Plays a role in actin organization by generating a loss of actin stress fibers and the formation of membrane ruffles and filopodia (By similarity). Required for SRC-induced podosome formation (PubMed:21525037). Involved in positive regulation of immature dendritic cell migration (PubMed:19713215).
messages: Interacts with SRC (PubMed:21525037). Forms a ternary complex with SRC and the PI3K 85 kDa subunit (PubMed:21525037). Interacts with and is activated by the heterodimer formed by GNB1 and GNG2 (PubMed:19713215). Interacts with ODAM (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with RHOA (PubMed:19713215).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The PH domain binds to phosphoinositides and is essential for podosome formation.
messages: podosome

10090:Gm1673
gene id: 10090:Gm1673
uniprot id: Q3UR78
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: First expressed in the cerebral cortex after the preplate stage (>E12). At embryonic stage 15.5 dpc and up to 17.5 dpc, it is expressed in cortical plate and in the marginal zone, whereas in adult brain, it is present in all cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. In the developing cerebellum, expressed in the intermediate zone at stage 17.5 dpc, in the molecular layer in newborn, and in the granular as well as molecular layer in adult. In the adult brain, expression in interneurons is also observed.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed during neocortex and cerebellum development.

10090:Pcdha9
gene id: 10090:Pcdha9
uniprot id: Q91Y11
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.
messages: The protocadherins alpha are expressed from a single gene cluster similarly to immunoglobulin and T-cell receptors. The N-terminal region containing the 6 extracellular cadherin domains, unique to each protocadherin alpha, is encoded by one of the large exons found in tandem array within the gene cluster. The C-terminal region, identical to all protocadherins alpha, is encoded by 3 shared exons.

10090:Slc25a28
gene id: 10090:Slc25a28
uniprot id: Q8R0Z5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrial iron transporter that mediates iron uptake. Probably required for heme synthesis of hemoproteins and Fe-S cluster assembly in non-erythroid cells.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at low level. Expression does not vary during erythroid maturation.

10090:Mafa
gene id: 10090:Mafa
uniprot id: Q8CF90
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
messages: Expressed in brain, lung, spleen, pancreas and kidney (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:14680841). In the pancreas, expressed in the insulin-producing beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans (at protein level) (PubMed:12917329, PubMed:15923615). Also expressed in the eye (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:15923615).
messages: Forms homodimers (By similarity). Interacts with NEUROD1 and PDX1 (PubMed:15665000). May interact with MAFB, FOS, JUN and PCAF (By similarity).
messages: In the developing pancreas, expressed exclusively in the insulin-positive cells from 13.5 dpc onward and never in the glucagon-expressing cells (at protein level) (PubMed:14973194). At 12.5dpc, at the mRNA level, detected in each formed somite, in myotomal cells. Also detected in the head neural tube, liver cells and, at low levels, in some mesenchyme-like cells (PubMed:14680841).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and survive until adulthood. They show a normal pancreatic morphology at birth. A 12 weeks, they exhibit a reduction in the proportion of Langerhans islet beta-cells and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and eventually they develop diabetes mellitus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at tyrosines.
messages: Transcriptional factor that activates insulin gene expression (PubMed:12368292, PubMed:15665000). Acts synergistically with NEUROD1/BETA2 and PDX1 (PubMed:15665000). Binds the insulin enhancer C1/RIPE3b element (PubMed:12917329, PubMed:14680841, PubMed:14973194, PubMed:15665000). Binds to consensus TRE-type MARE 5'-TGCTGACTCAGCA-3' DNA sequence (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Up-regulated by glucose in pancreatic beta-cell lines.

10090:Car10
gene id: 10090:Car10
uniprot id: P61215
uniprot id: Q3V1V7
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Does not have a catalytic activity.

10090:Rpl41
gene id: 10090:Rpl41
uniprot id: P62947
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL41 family.
messages: Interacts with the beta subunit of protein kinase CKII and stimulates phosphorylation of DNA topoisomerase II alpha by CKII.

10090:Bclaf1
gene id: 10090:Bclaf1
uniprot id: A0A087WQA0
uniprot id: F8WI22
uniprot id: Q8K019
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BCLAF1/THRAP3 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death-promoting transcriptional repressor. May be involved in cyclin-D1/CCND1 mRNA stability through the SNARP complex which associates with both the 3'end of the CCND1 gene and its mRNA (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with Bcl-2 related proteins, EMD, with the adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein and with DNA. Component of the SNARP complex which consists at least of SNIP1, SNW1, THRAP3, BCLAF1 and PNN (By similarity). Component of a MACOM-like complex, named WTAP complex, composed of WTAP, ZC3H13, CBLL1, KIAA1429, RBM15, BCLAF1 and THRAP3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Cabin1
gene id: 10090:Cabin1
uniprot id: G3X8Q1
uniprot id: Q6PFH4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sag
gene id: 10090:Sag
uniprot id: P20443
uniprot id: Q3UPX6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the arrestin family.
messages: Binds to photoactivated, phosphorylated RHO and terminates RHO signaling via G-proteins by competing with G-proteins for the same binding site on RHO (PubMed:9333241, PubMed:16421323). May play a role in preventing light-dependent degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells (PubMed:16421323).
messages: Detected in retina (at protein level).
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Homotetramer (PubMed:21288033). Interacts with RHO (via the phosphorylated C-terminus) (PubMed:26200343, PubMed:28753425).
messages: The C-terminus interferes with binding to non-phosphorylated RHO. Interaction with phosphorylated RHO triggers displacement of the C-terminus and leads to a conformation change that mediates high-affinity RHO binding.
messages: The morphology of the retina is not affected when mice are kept in constant darkness. When mice are exposed to alternating 12 hour light and dark cycles, the rod photoreceptor outer segments are about 25% shorter than in wild-type, and the photoreceptor outer segments appear somewhat disordered (PubMed:9333241). After one year exposure to alternating 12 hour light and dark cycles, there are clear signs of photoreceptor degeneration with about 50% reduction in the number of photoreceptor nuclei in the outer layer of the retina (PubMed:16421323). Rod photoreceptor cells show normal flash sensitivity, but display prolonged RHO signaling, due to a strongly decreased rate of deactivation (PubMed:9333241, PubMed:16421323).
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Sspo
gene id: 10090:Sspo
uniprot id: E9Q0I4
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Rbm22
gene id: 10090:Rbm22
uniprot id: Q8BHS3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SLT11 family.
messages: Component of the pre-catalytic and catalytic spliceosome complexes. Component of the postcatalytic spliceosome P complex. Interacts with PDCD6; the interaction induces translocation of PDCD6 in the cytoplasm. Interacts with PPIL1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the activated spliceosome. Involved in the first step of pre-mRNA splicing. Binds directly to the internal stem-loop (ISL) domain of the U6 snRNA and to the pre-mRNA intron near the 5' splice site during the activation and catalytic phases of the spliceosome cycle. Involved in both translocations of the nuclear SLU7 to the cytoplasm and the cytosolic calcium-binding protein PDCD6 to the nucleus upon cellular stress responses.
messages: The C-terminal RRM domain and the zinc finger motif are necessary for RNA-binding.

10090:Prss37
gene id: 10090:Prss37
uniprot id: Q9DAA4
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although related to peptidase S1 family, lacks the conserved active Ser residue in position 192 which is replaced by an Ala, suggesting that it has no protease activity. Lacks also metal binding sites Glu in position 67 which is replaced by Asn and Asn in position 69 which is replaced by Lys.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in the spermatids at steps 9-14 of spermiogenesis (PubMed:23553430).
messages: Mice exhibit male infertility, but their mating behavior, spermatogenesis, sperm morphology and motility remain unaffected (PubMed:23553430). Male sperm migration from uterus into oviduct and zona-intact oocyte binding are impaired; however, sperm is still able to fertilize cumulus-intact oocytes (PubMed:23553430). Male show an absence of mature ADAM3 in sperm (PubMed:23553430).
messages: Plays a role in male fertility (PubMed:23553430). May have a role in sperm migration or binding to zona-intact eggs (PubMed:23553430). Involved in the activation of the proacrosin/acrosin system (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Testis-specific (PubMed:23553430). Expressed in spermatids (PubMed:23553430). Weakly expressed in mature sperm (at protein level) (PubMed:23553430).
messages: acrosome

10090:Ang5
gene id: 10090:Ang5
uniprot id: Q5GAN1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.

10090:Reg3g
gene id: 10090:Reg3g
uniprot id: O09049
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Bactericidal C-type lectin which acts exclusively against Gram-positive bacteria and mediates bacterial killing by binding to surface-exposed carbohydrate moieties of peptidoglycan. Restricts bacterial colonization of the intestinal epithelial surface and consequently limits activation of adaptive immune responses by the microbiota. The uncleaved form has bacteriostatic activity, whereas the cleaved form has bactericidal activity against L.monocytogenes and methicillin-resistant S.aureus. Regulates keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation after skin injury.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In mid-small intestine, very low levels at birth. Expression levels rise dramatically during the weaning period (P17-P22) and remain high into adulthood in conventionally raised but not germfree animals.
messages: Mutant mice are born at normal Mendelian ratios. They appear healthy and show no signs of enteropathy, but exhibit a marked increase in the number of mucosa-associated bacteria, predominantly Gram-positive, relative to cohoused wild-type littermates in distal small intestine.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the small intestine, including Paneth cells (at protein level). Hardly detectable in the colon (at protein level). Highly expressed in the lung epithelium during methicillin-resistant S.aureus infection (at protein level). Skin injury increases its epidermal expression. Also expressed in the pancreas.
messages: Proteolytic processing by trypsin removes an inhibitory N-terminal propeptide and is essential for peptidoglycan binding and antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: The EPN motif is essential for recognition of the peptidoglycan carbohydrate backbone and for efficient bacterial killing with Glu-114 playing a key role in peptidoglycan binding and bactericidal activity.
messages: Up-regulated in Paneth cells by intestinal microbiota (at protein level). MyD88-mediated signals are essential for its induction in intestinal epithelial cells. Induction in the lung is dependent on IL6ST-induced STAT3 signaling. IL17A induces its expression in primary keratinocytes and skin wounds.

10090:Slc39a5
gene id: 10090:Slc39a5
uniprot id: Q9D856
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ZIP transporter (TC 2.A.5) family.
messages: Expressed at 10 dpc, postnatal day P0, P13 and adult.
messages: Expressed in all stages of eye development and primarily in the sclera and several layers of the retina, including the inner segment, outer plexiform layer and ganglion cell layer.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: May play a role in polarized cells by carrying out serosal-to-mucosal zinc transport (PubMed:15322118). Seems to play a central role in controlling organismal zinc status (PubMed:15322118). Could regulate the BMP/TGF-beta (bone morphogenetic protein/transforming growth factor-beta) signaling pathway and modulates extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of the sclera (By similarity). Plays a role in eye development (By similarity).
messages: Methylated at His-371 by METTL9.

10090:Med9
gene id: 10090:Med9
uniprot id: Q8VCS6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 9 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp239
gene id: 10090:Zfp239
uniprot id: P24399
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Preferentially expressed in transformed mouse cells.

10090:Sstr1
gene id: 10090:Sstr1
uniprot id: P30873
uniprot id: Q543T0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Jejunum and stomach.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for somatostatin with higher affinity for somatostatin-14 than -28. This receptor is coupled via pertussis toxin sensitive G proteins to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase. In addition it stimulates phosphotyrosine phosphatase and Na(+)/H(+) exchanger via pertussis toxin insensitive G proteins.

10090:Olfr806
gene id: 10090:Olfr806
uniprot id: Q8VFI2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rab3il1
gene id: 10090:Rab3il1
uniprot id: A0A571BDP7
uniprot id: D3Z585
uniprot id: Q8VDV3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SEC2 family.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB3A, a GTPase that regulates synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form. May also activate RAB8A and RAB8B (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with RAB3A and IHPK1 through the coiled-coil domain. This interaction is competitive. IHPK1 kinase activity is not required for this interaction (By similarity).

10090:Hnrnpk
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpk
uniprot id: B2M1R6
uniprot id: P61979
uniprot id: Q3U9Q3
uniprot id: Q5FWJ5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By DNA damage. This up-regulation is due to protein stabilization. The constitutive protein levels are controlled by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation via the proteasome pathway.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD28 and RBM42 (By similarity). Interacts with DDX1 (By similarity). Interacts with MDM2; this interaction leads to ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Interacts with p53/TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with ZIK1 (PubMed:8910362). Interacts with BRDT (PubMed:22570411). Interacts with IVNS1ABP (By similarity). Interacts with PPIA/CYPA (By similarity). Part of a transcription inhibitory ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of the circular RNA circZNF827, ZNF827 and HNRNPL (By similarity).
messages: O-glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated), in a cell cycle-dependent manner.
messages: One of the major pre-mRNA-binding proteins. Binds tenaciously to poly(C) sequences. Likely to play a role in the nuclear metabolism of hnRNAs, particularly for pre-mRNAs that contain cytidine-rich sequences. Can also bind poly(C) single-stranded DNA. Plays an important role in p53/TP53 response to DNA damage, acting at the level of both transcription activation and repression. When sumoylated, acts as a transcriptional coactivator of p53/TP53, playing a role in p21/CDKN1A and 14-3-3 sigma/SFN induction (By similarity). As far as transcription repression is concerned, acts by interacting with long intergenic RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21), a non-coding RNA induced by p53/TP53. This interaction is necessary for the induction of apoptosis, but not cell cycle arrest. As part of a ribonucleoprotein complex composed at least of ZNF827, HNRNPL and the circular RNA circZNF827 that nucleates the complex on chromatin, may negatively regulate the transcription of genes involved in neuronal differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated by CBX4. Sumoylation is increased upon DNA damage, such as that produced by doxorubicin, etoposide, UV light and camptothecin, due to enhanced CBX4 phosphorylation by HIPK2 under these conditions (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2. Doxorubicin treatment does not affect monoubiquitination, but slightly decreases HNRNPK poly-ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: podosome

10090:Arhgef10l
gene id: 10090:Arhgef10l
uniprot id: A2AWP8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RHOA, RHOB and RHOC.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RHOA, RHOB and RHOC.

10090:Naaa
gene id: 10090:Naaa
uniprot id: G3XA18
uniprot id: Q3V023
uniprot id: Q9D7V9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoproteolytic cleavage at pH 4.5 gives rise to the alpha and beta subunit (PubMed:30301806). Cleavage gives rise to a conformation change that activates the enzyme. The same catalytic Cys residue mediates the autoproteolytic cleavage and subsequent hydrolysis of lipid substrates (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the acid ceramidase family.
messages: Degrades bioactive fatty acid amides to their corresponding acids, with the following preference: N-palmitoylethanolamine > N-myristoylethanolamine > N-stearoylethanolamine > N-oleoylethanolamine > N-linoleoylethanolamine > N-arachidonoylethanolamine.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit, produced by autocatalytic cleavage.
messages: Heterodimer.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:30301806). Tunicamycin treatment causes a reduction in specific activity against N-palmitoylethanolamine (By similarity).

10090:Adam32
gene id: 10090:Adam32
uniprot id: Q8K410
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: First detected in the testis at day 16 and was reached to the adult level by day 30 after birth.
messages: Highly expressed in the testis and weakly expressed in the epididymis, brain and heart.
messages: May play a role in sperm development and fertilization This is a non-catalytic metalloprotease-like protein.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ear10
gene id: 10090:Ear10
uniprot id: Q923L6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.

10090:Neurod2
gene id: 10090:Neurod2
uniprot id: Q3TYB2
uniprot id: Q62414
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in dorsal and ventral parts of the lateral, basolateral and basomedial amygdala at 17 and 18 dpc (at protein level). Initially expressed in embryo at 11 dpc, with persistent expression in the nervous system until birth.
messages: Expressed in the external germinal layer (EGL) and internal granular layer (IGL) of the cerebellum (at protein level). Expressed in layers V and VI of the neocortex at postnatal day 1. Expressed in all layers of the neocortex at postnatal day 4. Strongly expressed in layer IV of the neocortex, particularly in the barrel cortex at postnatal day 7. Expressed in the CA1, CA2 and CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and many nuclei such as the habenular thalamic nuclei, paraventricular hypothalamic nuclei, amygdala nuclei, and pyramidal nucleus. Expressed in granule cells, molecular layer neurons, and deep cerebella nuclei of the cerebellum. Expressed in brainstem neurons in the external cuneate nucleus and central gray.
messages: Interacts with TCF3, TCF4 and TCF12. Interacts with CDC20. Efficient DNA-binding and transcription activation require dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Mice exhibit small brains, ataxia, reduced seizure threshold, growth failure, and postnatal premature death. Show excessive apoptosis in central nervous system. Lacks nuclei of the lateral and basolateral amygdala. Organization of cortical neurons into barrel structures is disrupted; thalamocortical axon terminals fail to segregate in the somatosensory cortex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal region is necessary for depolarization-induced and calcium-dependent transcription activation.
messages: Transcriptional regulator implicated in neuronal determination. Mediates calcium-dependent transcription activation by binding to E box-containing promoter. Critical factor essential for the repression of the genetic program for neuronal differentiation; prevents the formation of synaptic vesicle clustering at active zone to the presynaptic membrane in postmitotic neurons. Induces transcription of ZEB1, which in turn represses neuronal differentiation by down-regulating REST expression. Plays a role in the establishment and maturation of thalamocortical connections; involved in the segregation of thalamic afferents into distinct barrel domains within layer VI of the somatosensory cortex. Involved in the development of the cerebellar and hippocampal granular neurons, neurons in the basolateral nucleus of amygdala and the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Associates with chromatin to the DPYSL3 E box-containing promoter.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the APC/C complex; leading to its degradation in neurons. The CDC20-APC/C-induced degradation of NEUROD2 drives presynaptic differentiation.

10090:Gdnf
gene id: 10090:Gdnf
uniprot id: P48540
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. GDNF subfamily.
messages: Expressed in both the central nervous system (CNS) and in non-CNS tissues. Expressed in a highly dynamic pattern in the anterior neuroectoderm during the early stages of neurogenesis between 7.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc. Beginning at 10.5 dpc, expression begins in mesenchymal tissues of several organs including the digestive tract, kidney, testis, frontonasal mass, tooth primordium, tongue, mandible, whisker follicles, ear, eye, limb bud and in distinct regions of the brain. Also expressed in the heart, ileum, liver and muscle.
messages: Expression in C6 glioma cells was transiently induced by treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), but not by forskolin.
messages: First detected at 7.5 dpc, reaches its peak around 9.5 dpc and declines considerably after 10.5 dpc.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts with RET (By similarity). Interacts (via propeptide) with SORL1 (via N-terminal ectodomain), either alone or in complex with GFRA1; interaction with SORL1 affects GDNF-regulated, but not constitutive secretion (PubMed:21994944). Also interacts with SORL1 in complex with GFRA1; this interaction leads to GDNF endocytosis and lysosomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Neurotrophic factor that enhances survival and morphological differentiation of dopaminergic neurons and increases their high-affinity dopamine uptake.
messages: Secreted

10090:Vmn1r13
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r13
uniprot id: G5E8I3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr55
gene id: 10090:Olfr55
uniprot id: K7N6Q1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mettl17
gene id: 10090:Mettl17
uniprot id: Q3U2U7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. Rsm22 family.
messages: Interacts with mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (mt-SSU) subunits MRPS15 and MRPS27.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent RNA methyltransferase required to stabilize the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit (mt-SSU) (PubMed:31487196). Required for protein translation in mitochondria (PubMed:31487196).

10090:Vegfb
gene id: 10090:Vegfb
uniprot id: P49766
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in heart, brain, kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.
messages: Growth factor for endothelial cells. VEGF-B167 binds heparin and neuropilin-1 whereas the binding to neuropilin-1 of VEGF-B186 is regulated by proteolysis. VEGF-B seems to be required for normal heart function in adult but is not required for proper development of the cardiovascular system either during development or for angiogenesis in adults.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Can also form heterodimer with VEGF.
messages: Secreted
messages: VEGF-B186 is O-glycosylated.

10090:Rras2
gene id: 10090:Rras2
uniprot id: P62071
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Fatty-acylation at Lys-192, Lys-194; lys-196 and Lys-197 is required for localization to the plasma membrane and activity. Defatty-acylated by SIRT6, affecting its localization to the plasma membrane.
messages: GTP-binding protein with GTPase activity involved in the regulation of MAPK signaling pathway, thereby controlling multiple cellular processes. Involved in the regulation of MAPK signaling pathway. Regulation of craniofacial development.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with RASSF5.
messages: May be post-translationally modified by both palmitoylation and polyisoprenylation.

10090:Pramel17
gene id: 10090:Pramel17
uniprot id: Q3UTC0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Cybrd1
gene id: 10090:Cybrd1
uniprot id: Q925G2
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Binds 2 heme b groups non-covalently.
messages: By iron deficiency. Up-regulated in duodenal mucosa of mice lacking transferrin or Hfe (at protein level).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the brush-border membrane of duodenal enterocytes (at protein level). Also expressed in liver and spleen.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mice are normal and do not display iron stores defects, even in the setting of iron deficiency. These results, reported by PubMed:15961514, suggest that Cybrd1 is not an essential component of intestinal iron apparatus. However, according to PubMed:16326980, no direct measurements of iron absorption were made by PubMed:15961514, suggesting that final conclusions can be drawn only when direct iron absorption studies are carried out or mice are maintained on a diet containing ferric iron only.
messages: Plasma membrane reductase that uses cytoplasmic ascorbate as an electron donor to reduce extracellular Fe(3+) into Fe(2+) (PubMed:17068337). Probably functions in dietary iron absorption at the brush border of duodenal enterocytes by producing Fe(2+), the divalent form of iron that can be transported into enterocytes (PubMed:11230685, PubMed:12547225). It is also able to reduce extracellular monodehydro-L-ascorbate and may be involved in extracellular ascorbate regeneration by erythrocytes in blood (PubMed:17068337). May also act as a ferrireductase in airway epithelial cells (By similarity). May also function as a cupric transmembrane reductase (PubMed:18498772).

10090:Fam110a
gene id: 10090:Fam110a
uniprot id: Q8R184
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAM110 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May interact with CSPP1.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Grin2c
gene id: 10090:Grin2c
uniprot id: A2A6S2
uniprot id: Q01098
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A hydrophobic region that gives rise to the prediction of a transmembrane span does not cross the membrane, but is part of a discontinuously helical region that dips into the membrane and is probably part of the pore and of the selectivity filter.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR2C/GRIN2C subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+) (PubMed:1377365). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (PubMed:1377365). Plays a role in regulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity of pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex (PubMed:27922130). Contributes to the slow phase of excitatory postsynaptic current, long-term synaptic potentiation, and learning (PubMed:8987814).
messages: Detected in cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:8987814). Detected in the granule cell layer of the cerebellum (PubMed:1377365).
messages: Heterotetramer. Forms heterotetrameric channels composed of two zeta subunits (GRIN1), and two epsilon subunits (GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C or GRIN2D) (in vitro) (PubMed:1377365). Can also form heterotetrameric channels that contain at least one zeta subunit (GRIN1), at least one epsilon subunit, plus GRIN3A or GRIN3B (By similarity). In vivo, the subunit composition may depend on the expression levels of the different subunits (Probable). Interacts with PDZ domains of PATJ and DLG4 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required for recycling to the plasma membrane when endocytosed and prevent degradation in lysosomes (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice appear grossly normal (PubMed:8987814). Mossy fiber granule cells from mutant mice present a decrease of the slow component of the excitatory postsynaptic current (PubMed:8987814). Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex display a reduced dendritic spine density (PubMed:27922130). Besides, the prefrontal cortex has an altered pattern of excitatory and inhibitory synapses (PubMed:27922130). Pyramidal neurons in the prefrontal cortex display a reduced frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC), together with an increased frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC), indicative of a shift in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory membrane currents (PubMed:27922130). The slow component of the excitatory postsynaptic current is nearly abolished in mossy fiber cells from mice lacking both Grin2a and Grin2c (PubMed:8987814). Mice lacking both Grin2a and Grin2c display subtle motor deficits; they have no visible phenotype when performing simple tasks, but have decreased ability to walk across a narrow wooden bar, and are unable to stay on a rapidly rotating rod (PubMed:8987814).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Ube2cbp
gene id: 10090:Ube2cbp
uniprot id: Q8BX13
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, and transfers it to substrates, generally promoting their degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Interacts with UBE2C/UbcH10 (E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme).
messages: The C-terminal half (AA 167-368) is able to bind cyclin-B and shows a self-ubiquitination activity (mono-, poly, or multi-ubiquitination) in a HECT-like sequence dependent manner.
messages: Ubiquitinated by UBCH10 (E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme).

10090:Lce1k
gene id: 10090:Lce1k
uniprot id: J3QP15
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:Trmu
gene id: 10090:Trmu
uniprot id: Q9DAT5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MnmA/TRMU family.
messages: Catalyzes the 2-thiolation of uridine at the wobble position (U34) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). Required for the formation of 5-taurinomethyl-2-thiouridine (tm5s2U) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu), and tRNA(Gln) at the wobble position. ATP is required to activate the C2 atom of the wobble base.
messages: During the reaction, ATP is used to activate the C2 atom of U34 by adenylation. After this, the persulfide sulfur on the catalytic cysteine is transferred to the C2 atom of the wobble base (U34) of mitochondrial tRNA(Lys), tRNA(Glu) and tRNA(Gln). The reaction probably involves hydrogen sulfide that is generated from the persulfide intermediate and that acts as nucleophile towards the activated C2 atom on U34. Subsequently, a transient disulfide bond is formed between the two active site cysteine residues (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Was originally thought to be a 5-methylaminomethyl-2-methyltransferase involved in tRNA modification.
messages: Widely expressed but most abundant in tissues with high metabolic rate including heart, liver and brain. Expression is low in spleen, testis, lung and skeletal muscle. Also expressed in inner ear.

10090:Cltc
gene id: 10090:Cltc
uniprot id: Q68FD5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the clathrin heavy chain family.
messages: Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles. Two different adapter protein complexes link the clathrin lattice either to the plasma membrane or to the trans-Golgi network. Acts as component of the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex proposed to contribute to stabilization of kinetochore fibers of the mitotic spindle by acting as inter-microtubule bridge. The TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex is required for the maintenance of kinetochore fiber tension. Plays a role in early autophagosome formation.
messages: Clathrin triskelions, composed of 3 heavy chains and 3 light chains, are the basic subunits of the clathrin coat (By similarity). In the presence of light chains, hub assembly is influenced by both the pH and the concentration of calcium (By similarity). Interacts with HIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with DENND1A, DENND1B and DENND1C (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB2 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP6 (By similarity). Interacts with OCRL (PubMed:20133602). Interacts with CKAP5 and TACC3 forming the TACC3/ch-TOG/clathrin complex located at spindle inter-microtubules bridges; the complex implicates clathrin triskelions; TACC3 and CLTC are proposed to form a composite microtubule interaction surface (By similarity). Plays a role in early autopahgosome formation (By similarity). Interacts with ATG16L1 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with RFTN1; the interaction occurs in response to pathogens (By similarity). Interacts with USP2 isoform 2 (PubMed:26756164). Interacts with TMEM106B (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Melanosome
messages: The N-terminal seven-bladed beta-propeller is formed by WD40-like repeats, and projects inward from the polyhedral outer clathrin coat. It constitutes a major protein-protein interaction node (By similarity).
messages: coated pit
messages: spindle

10090:Ces1e
gene id: 10090:Ces1e
uniprot id: H3BL34
uniprot id: Q3UN14
uniprot id: Q64176
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes retinyl esters.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Nxf2
gene id: 10090:Nxf2
uniprot id: Q4ZGD8
uniprot id: Q8R499
uniprot id: Q99MW6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NXF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Pde6g
gene id: 10090:Pde6g
uniprot id: P09174
uniprot id: Q542R6
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the rod/cone cGMP-PDE gamma subunit family.
messages: Deficiency in GMP-PDE activity cause accumulation of cGMP in visual cells. The elevated cGMP levels are associated with degeneration of the photoreceptors and blindness.
messages: Oligomer composed of two catalytic chains (alpha and beta), an inhibitory chain (gamma) and the delta chain.
messages: Participates in processes of transmission and amplification of the visual signal. cGMP-PDEs are the effector molecules in G-protein-mediated phototransduction in vertebrate rods and cones.

10090:Slc2a9
gene id: 10090:Slc2a9
uniprot id: Q3T9X0
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family.
messages: Conditional knockout mice lacking Slc2a9 in enterocytes are born at the expected Mendelian rate; they show no obvious phenotype and are fertile (PubMed:25100214). Mice however develop impaired enterocyte uric acid transport kinetics, hyperuricaemia, hyperuricosuria, spontaneous hypertension, dyslipidaemia and elevated body fat (PubMed:25100214).
messages: High-capacity urate transporter that was first described as a fructose and glucose transporter. Also described in the literature as high-affinity and low-capacity glucose and fructose transporter (By similarity). However, another group could not confirm transporter activity for glucose or fructose (By similarity).
messages: High-capacity urate transporter, which may play a role in the urate reabsorption by proximal tubules. May have a residual high-affinity, low-capacity glucose and fructose transporter activity. Transports urate at rates 45- to 60-fold faster than glucose. Does not transport galactose. May mediate small uptake of adenine but not of other nucleobases.
messages: Highly expressed in the intestine, with high expression in the jejunum and ileum, the segments of the intestine that perform the majority of urate excretion (PubMed:25100214). Isoform 1: Widely expressed (PubMed:16293642). Isoform 1: In kidney, expressed at low levels in proximal tubules (PubMed:19587147). Isoform 2: Primarily expressed in liver and kidney; with specific expression in distal convoluted and connecting tubules of kidney (PubMed:16293642, PubMed:19587147).
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Ccr3
gene id: 10090:Ccr3
uniprot id: P51678
uniprot id: Q3U5L7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice with induced pulmonary inflammation exhibit reduced trafficking of eosinophils from the blood into the lung parenchyma and increased numbers of intraepithelial mast cells in the trachea. Cholinergic stimulation resulted in airway hyperresponsiveness.
messages: Detected in skeletal muscle and in trace amounts in leukocytes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for C-C type chemokine. Binds and responds to a variety of chemokines, including CCL11, CCL26, CCL7, CCL13, RANTES(CCL5) and CCL15. Subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ions level. In addition acts as a possible functional receptor for NARS1.

10090:Olfr1436
gene id: 10090:Olfr1436
uniprot id: A0PK57
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hspg2
gene id: 10090:Hspg2
uniprot id: E9PZ16
uniprot id: Q05793
uniprot id: Q3UHH3
uniprot id: Q52KG8
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: About 40% of perlecan null mice die at 10.5 dpc, the rest die just after birth. Embryonic percelan-null mice exhibit cardiac abnormalities including mechanical instability in the early stages of development (10.5 dpc) with lower amounts of critical basement membrane components, collagen IV and lamanins. Basement membranes are absent in cardiomyocytes whereas adherens junctions formed and matured around 9.5 dpc. Mice also have skeletal dysplasia characterized by micromelia with broad and bowed long bones, narrow thorax and craniofacial abnormalities. Cartilage matrix containd reduced and disorganized collagen fibrils and glycosaminoglycans. In cartilage, proliferation of chondrocytes was reduced and the prehypertrophic zone was diminished.
messages: Endorepellin in an anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor peptide that inhibits endothelial cell migration, collagen-induced endothelial tube morphogenesis and blood vessel growth in the chorioallantoic membrane. Blocks endothelial cell adhesion to fibronectin and type I collagen. Anti-tumor agent in neovascularization. Interaction with its ligand, integrin alpha2/beta1, is required for the anti-angiogenic properties. Evokes a reduction in phosphorylation of receptor tyrosine kinases via alpha2/beta1 integrin-mediated activation of the tyrosine phosphatase, PTPN6 (By similarity).
messages: Found in the basement membranes.
messages: Integral component of basement membranes. Component of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM), responsible for the fixed negative electrostatic membrane charge, and which provides a barrier which is both size- and charge-selective. It serves as an attachment substrate for cells. Plays essential roles in vascularization. Critical for normal heart development and for regulating the vascular response to injury. Also required for avascular cartilage development (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: N- and O-glycosylated; contains 3 heparan sulfate chains. The LG3 peptide contains at least three and up to five potential O-glycosylation sites and no N-glycosylation (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytic processing produces the C-terminal angiogenic peptide, endorepellin. This peptide can be further processed to produce the LG3 peptide (By similarity).
messages: Purified perlecan has a strong tendency to aggregate in dimers or stellate structures. It interacts with other basement membrane components such as laminin, prolargin and collagen type IV. Interacts with COL13A1, FGFBP1 and VWA1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ECM1 (via C-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: The LG3 peptide has anti-angiogenic properties that require binding of calcium ions for full activity.
messages: basement membrane

10090:Pramel26
gene id: 10090:Pramel26
uniprot id: A2A8N0
uniprot id: Q66JS9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Pramel30
gene id: 10090:Pramel30
uniprot id: L7MU96
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Slc39a2
gene id: 10090:Slc39a2
uniprot id: G3X943
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Setd4
gene id: 10090:Setd4
uniprot id: P58467
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. SETD4 family.
messages: Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase that acts as a regulator of cell proliferation, cell differentiation and inflammatory response (PubMed:31376731, PubMed:31794893, PubMed:33506343). Regulates the inflammatory response by mediating mono- and dimethylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me1 and H3K4me2, respectively), leading to activate the transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF-alpha (PubMed:31376731). Also involved in the regulation of stem cell quiescence by catalyzing the trimethylation of 'Lys-20' of histone H4 (H4K20me3), thereby promoting heterochromatin formation (By similarity). Involved in proliferation, migration, paracrine and myogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) (PubMed:33506343).
messages: No visible phenotype in normal physiological conditions (PubMed:33506343). Increased proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), impaired BMSCs migration and differentiation potentials of lineages of cardiacmyocyte and smooth muscle cell (PubMed:33506343). Conditional deletion in adult mice improves the survival from radiation-induced hematopoietic failure and thymic lymphoma (PubMed:31794893, PubMed:32259569). Extends survival from radiation-induced thymic lymphoma is likely due to slower tumor enlargement in the thymus (PubMed:31794893).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Cntn3
gene id: 10090:Cntn3
uniprot id: Q07409
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Contactin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contactins mediate cell surface interactions during nervous system development. Has some neurite outgrowth-promoting activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PTPRG.
messages: Specifically expressed in brain. Ectopically expressed in tumors expressing endogenous intracisternal A-type particles (IAPs).

10090:Armc6
gene id: 10090:Armc6
uniprot id: Q8BNU0
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ARMC6 family.
messages: Methylated at His-238 by METTL9.

10090:Rrnad1
gene id: 10090:Rrnad1
uniprot id: Q8BZG5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the METTL25 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddx50
gene id: 10090:Ddx50
uniprot id: Q99MJ9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX21/DDX50 subfamily.
messages: Interacts with C1QBP.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Slc47a2
gene id: 10090:Slc47a2
uniprot id: Q3V050
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the multi antimicrobial extrusion (MATE) (TC 2.A.66.1) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in testis; especially in testicular Leydig cells.
messages: Human SLC47A2/MATE2 and rodent SLC47A2/MATE2 exhibit only low mutual sequence identity (38.1%) and different expression patterns. In fact, the counterparts of human SLC47A2/MATE2 have not been identified in rats and mice, and the counterpart of rodent SLC47A2/MATE2 has not been found in humans. The phylogenetic tree of mammalian MATE-type transporters clearly suggested that rodent SLC47A2/MATE2 would be classified into an new subgroup:SLC47A3/MATE3 family but not SLC47A2/MATE2 family. As the nomenclature and classification are confusing, PubMed:17715386. suggested to rename mouse and rat SLC47A2/MATE2 to SLC47A3/MATE3.
messages: Multidrug efflux pump that functions as a H(+)/organic cation antiporter (PubMed:17715386). May mediate testosterone efflux from the Leydig cells in the testes (PubMed:17715386).

10090:Idh1
gene id: 10090:Idh1
uniprot id: O88844
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-374 dramatically reduces catalytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the NADP(+)-dependent oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate (D-threo-isocitrate) to 2-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate), which is required by other enzymes such as the phytanoyl-CoA dioxygenase (PubMed:12031902, PubMed:29923039). Plays a critical role in the generation of NADPH, an important cofactor in many biosynthesis pathways (PubMed:12031902). May act as a corneal epithelial crystallin and may be involved in maintaining corneal epithelial transparency (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in the liver followed by kidney, lower expression in spleen, brain and lung.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Irreversibly inhibited by Cd(2+) concentrations above 50 uM.
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr283
gene id: 10090:Olfr283
uniprot id: Q8VGU2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam166a
gene id: 10090:Fam166a
uniprot id: Q9D4K5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0605 family.

10090:Ube2d1
gene id: 10090:Ube2d1
uniprot id: P61080
uniprot id: Q3UFQ4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Mediates ubiquitination of PEX5 and auto-ubiquitination of STUB1, TRAF6 and TRIM63/MURF1. Ubiquitinates STUB1-associated HSP90AB1 in vitro. Lacks inherent specificity for any particular lysine residue of ubiquitin. Essential for viral activation of IRF3. Mediates polyubiquitination of CYP3A4.
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Component of a E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing UBE2D1, SIAH1, CACYBP/SIP, SKP1, APC and TBL1X. Interacts with RNF11.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Glrx2
gene id: 10090:Glrx2
uniprot id: Q923X4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family.
messages: During development, it is expressed at highest level at 11 dpc.
messages: Glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that facilitates the maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis upon induction of apoptosis by oxidative stress. Involved in response to hydrogen peroxide and regulation of apoptosis caused by oxidative stress. Acts as a very efficient catalyst of monothiol reactions because of its high affinity for protein glutathione-mixed disulfides. Can receive electrons not only from glutathione (GSH), but also from thioredoxin reductase supporting both monothiol and dithiol reactions. Efficiently catalyzes both glutathionylation and deglutathionylation of mitochondrial complex I, which in turn regulates the superoxide production by the complex. Overexpression decreases the susceptibility to apoptosis and prevents loss of cardiolipin and cytochrome c release.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer; active form. Homodimer; inactive form. The homodimer is probably linked by 1 2Fe-2S cluster (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 2Fe-2S present in the homodimer leads to inactivation of the enzyme. The 2Fe-2S may serve as a redox sensor: the presence of one-electron oxidants or reductants leading to the loss of the 2Fe-2S cluster, subsequent monomerization and activation of the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in testis, and at much lower level in kidney and brain.

10090:Mab21l2
gene id: 10090:Mab21l2
uniprot id: Q8BPP1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mab-21 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the adult cerebellum and eye, with lower levels in the adult forebrain (PubMed:10556287). In embryos at 10.5 days post-coitum strongly expressed in the rostral and distal regions of the developing neural retina, with no expression immediately adjacent to the closing optic fissure. Expression is also observed in the dorsal and ventral aspects of the developing forelimb bud and in the developing pharyngeal arches, as well as in the midbrain (PubMed:24906020).
messages: Expressed in the developing dorsal midbrain, the posterior portion of the mesencephalon and the retinal primordium of the optic cup. At 10 dpc, expressed in the temporal and nasal aspect of the retina and throughout the length of the dorsal midbrain. At 10.5 dpc this retinal pattern of expression persists, and extraneural sites of expression include the branchial region, limb buds and intestine. Also highly expressed in the alar mesencephalon and the rhombencephalic basal plate from 10.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc, and in the posterior third of the tectum and the presumptive gut wall. Also strongly expressed in the hindbrain, optic vesicle, maxillary and mandible process, paraxial mesoderm, developing digits and the umbilical cord.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for several aspects of embryonic development including normal development of the eye, notochord, neural tube and other organ tissues, and for embryonic turning.

10090:Cacul1
gene id: 10090:Cacul1
uniprot id: E9PV69
uniprot id: Q3TAW5
uniprot id: Q8R0X2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cullin family.
messages: Cell cycle associated protein capable of promoting cell proliferation through the activation of CDK2 at the G1/S phase transition.
messages: Interacts with CDK2.

10090:Olfr380
gene id: 10090:Olfr380
uniprot id: Q8VGT3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1469
gene id: 10090:Olfr1469
uniprot id: Q8VFW5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cttn
gene id: 10090:Cttn
uniprot id: Q60598
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Contributes to the organization of the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape (PubMed:17403031). Plays a role in the formation of lamellipodia and in cell migration (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of neuron morphology, axon growth and formation of neuronal growth cones (By similarity). Through its interaction with CTTNBP2, involved in the regulation of neuronal spine density (PubMed:22262902). Plays a role in focal adhesion assembly and turnover (By similarity). In complex with ABL1 and MYLK regulates cortical actin-based cytoskeletal rearrangement critical to sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)-mediated endothelial cell (EC) barrier enhancement (By similarity). Plays a role in intracellular protein transport and endocytosis, and in modulating the levels of potassium channels present at the cell membrane (PubMed:17959782). Plays a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits (By similarity). Required for stabilization of KCNH1 channels at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in most tissues, except in B-lymphocytes or plasma cells.
messages: Part of a complex composed of NEDD9, AURKA and CTTN; within the complex NEDD9 acts as a scaffold protein and is required for complex formation (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with NEDD9 (PubMed:24574519). Identified in a complex containing FGFR4, NCAM1, CDH2, PLCG1, FRS2, SRC, SHC1, GAP43 and CTTN. Forms a complex with ABL1 and MYLK (By similarity). Interacts with SHANK2 and SHANK3 (via its SH3 domain). Interacts with PLXDC2 and SRCIN1. Interacts with SAMSN1 (via SH3 domain). Interacts (via SH3 domain) with ASAP1 (via Pro-rich region). Interacts (via SH3 domain) with DNM2. Interacts with ACTN1 (By similarity). Interacts with FER. Interacts with KCNA2 (via non-phosphorylated C-terminus). Interacts with FGD1. Interacts with ABL2 (PubMed:22297987). Interacts with CTTNBP2NL; this interaction may target CTTN to stress fibers. Interacts with CTTNBP2; this interaction may target CTTN at the cell cortex or dendritic spines. Interacts with KCNH1 (By similarity). Interacts (via SH3 domain) with DIP2A (via N-terminus); the interaction enhances CTTN acetylation and is required for proper synaptic transmission (PubMed:31600191).
messages: Phosphorylated by FER. Phosphorylated in response to FGR activation (PubMed:7693700). Phosphorylation by SRC promotes MYLK binding (By similarity). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to CHRM1 activation (By similarity). Phosphorylated by PTK2/FAK1 in response to cell adhesion (By similarity). Tyrosine phosphorylation in transformed cells may contribute to cellular growth regulation and transformation. Phosphorylated by PKN2 at both serine and threonine residues in a GTP-bound Rac1-dependent manner in hyaluronan-induced astrocytes and hence down-regulated CTTN ability to associate with filamentous actin.
messages: The SH3 motif may mediate binding to the cytoskeleton.
messages: cell cortex
messages: clathrin-coated pit
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium
messages: podosome
messages: ruffle

10090:Gm20801
gene id: 10090:Gm20801
uniprot id: Q5FWB5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Ptprf
gene id: 10090:Ptprf
uniprot id: A2A8L5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 2A subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the cell of the T lineage but not in cells of any other hemopoietic lineage.
messages: Interacts with GRIP1. Interacts with PPFIA1, PPFIA2 and PPFIA3. Interacts with PTPRF.
messages: Membrane
messages: Possible cell adhesion receptor. It possesses an intrinsic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity (PTPase) and dephosphorylates EPHA2 regulating its activity (By similarity).
messages: The first PTPase domain has enzymatic activity, while the second one seems to affect the substrate specificity of the first one.

10090:Xpo1
gene id: 10090:Xpo1
uniprot id: Q6P5F9
uniprot id: Q8BYY5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the exportin family.
messages: Cajal body
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a U snRNA export complex with PHAX/RNUXA, NCBP1/CBP80, NCBP2/CBP20, RAN, XPO1 and m7G-capped RNA (PubMed:10786834). Component of a nuclear export receptor complex composed of KPNB1, RAN, SNUPN and XPO1. Found in a trimeric export complex with SNUPN, RAN and XPO1. Found in a nuclear export complex with RANBP3 and RAN. Found in a 60S ribosomal subunit export complex with NMD3, RAN, XPO1. Interacts with DDX3X, NMD3, NUP42, NUP88, NUP214, RANBP3 and TERT. Interacts with NEMF (via its N-terminus). Interacts with the monomeric form of BIRC5/survivin deacetylated at 'Lys-129'. Interacts with SERTAD2; the interaction translocates SERTAD2 out of the nucleus. Interacts with ATF2. Interacts with SLC35G1 and STIM1. Interacts with DCAF8 (By similarity). Interacts with DTNBP1 and the interaction translocates DTNBP1 out of the nucleus (PubMed:20921223). Interacts with CPEB3 (By similarity). Interacts with HAX1 (By similarity). Interacts with BOK; translocates to the cytoplasm (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AB1 (By similarity).
messages: Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form. Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Surf6
gene id: 10090:Surf6
uniprot id: P70279
uniprot id: Q3V1X4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SURF6 family.
messages: Binds to both DNA and RNA in vitro, with a stronger binding capacity for RNA. May represent a nucleolar constitutive protein involved in ribosomal biosynthesis or assembly.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested, including heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Enpp1
gene id: 10090:Enpp1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1Q7
uniprot id: G3X9S2
uniprot id: P06802
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At low concentrations of ATP, a phosphorylated intermediate is formed which inhibits further hydrolysis.
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Enpp1 are the cause of spontaneous asj-2J mutant characterized by gait due to stiffening of the joints (PubMed:25479107). Defects are caused by a significant reduction in the plasma diphosphate (PPi) concentration, leading to extensive aberrant mineralization affecting the arterial vasculature, a number of internal organs and the dermal sheath of vibrissae (PubMed:25479107). Asj-2J mice are used as a model for arterial calcification of infancy disorder (GACI1) (PubMed:25479107). Mice also show ectopic mineralization of cartilage and collagen-rich tendons and ligaments (PubMed:26910915).
messages: Defects in Enpp1 are the cause of the tiptoe walking (ttw) phenotype. Ttw mice exhibit ossification of the spinal ligaments (PubMed:9662402). Mice display increased bone formation process in joints and develop spontaneous osteoarthritis-like changes (PubMed:22510396).
messages: Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1: Homodimer (PubMed:23027977, PubMed:23041369). Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1: Interacts with INSR; leading to inhibit INSR autophosphorylation and subsequent activation of INSR kinase activity (By similarity). Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1, secreted form: Monomeric (PubMed:23041369).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-35 is the initiator.
messages: Mice show ectopic calcification of articular cartilage, the joint capsule and certain tendons (PubMed:25260930). Mice also display calcification of the joints and vertebrae as well as soft tissues including the whisker follicles, ear pinna and trachea (PubMed:25260930). This calcification worsened as the animals aged (PubMed:25260930). Bone mineralization in mice lacking both Enpp1 and Alpl is essentially normal, demonstrating that Enpp1 and Alpl are antagonist key regulators of bone mineralization by determining the normal steady-state levels of diphosphate (PPi) (PubMed:12082181).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Nucleotide pyrophosphatase that generates diphosphate (PPi) and functions in bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification by regulating pyrophosphate levels (PubMed:9662402, PubMed:10352096, PubMed:11004006, PubMed:12082181, PubMed:22510396, PubMed:25260930). PPi inhibits bone mineralization and soft tissue calcification by binding to nascent hydroxyapatite crystals, thereby preventing further growth of these crystals (PubMed:9662402, PubMed:10352096, PubMed:11004006, PubMed:12082181, PubMed:19419305, PubMed:22510396, PubMed:25260930, PubMed:25479107, PubMed:26910915, PubMed:30111653). Preferentially hydrolyzes ATP, but can also hydrolyze other nucleoside 5' triphosphates such as GTP, CTP and UTP to their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate, as well as diadenosine polyphosphates, and also 3',5'-cAMP to AMP (PubMed:11027689, PubMed:1647027, PubMed:23027977, PubMed:8223581). May also be involved in the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling (PubMed:1647027). Inhibits ectopic joint calcification and maintains articular chondrocytes by repressing hedgehog signaling; it is however unclear whether hedgehog inhibition is direct or indirect (PubMed:30111653). Appears to modulate insulin sensitivity (By similarity). Also involved in melanogenesis (By similarity). Also able to hydrolyze 2',3'-cGAMP (cyclic GMP-AMP), a second messenger that activates TMEM173/STING and triggers type-I interferon production (PubMed:25344812). 2',3'-cGAMP degradation takes place in the lumen or extracellular space, and not in the cytosol where it is produced; the role of 2',3'-cGAMP hydrolysis is therefore unclear (By similarity). Not able to hydrolyze the 2',3'-cGAMP linkage isomer 3',3'-cGAMP (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Selectively expressed on the surface of antibody-secreting cells (PubMed:3104326). Expressed in osteocytes and osteoclasts (PubMed:25260930).
messages: The di-leucine motif is required for basolateral targeting in polarized epithelial cells, and for targeting to matrix vesicles derived from mineralizing cells.
messages: The secreted form is produced through cleavage at Lys-85 by intracellular processing.

10090:Slc10a3
gene id: 10090:Slc10a3
uniprot id: A0A158SIT6
uniprot id: P21129
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the bile acid:sodium symporter (BASS) (TC 2.A.28) family.
messages: Membrane
messages: The ubiquitous expression and the conservation of the sequence in distant animal species suggest that the gene codes for a protein with housekeeping functions.

10090:Tbc1d32
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d32
uniprot id: Q3URV1
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CDK20, which promotes CDK20 stability and function (PubMed:20159594). Interacts with FAM149B1; may play a role in cilium assembly.
messages: Mice exhibit exencephaly, poorly developed eyes and preaxial polydactyly, due to defects in ventral patterning.
messages: Present at 10.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Required for high-level Shh responses in the developing neural tube. Together with CDK20, controls the structure of the primary cilium by coordinating assembly of the ciliary membrane and axoneme, allowing GLI2 to be properly activated in response to Shh signaling.
messages: The Rab-GAP TBC domain appears to be inactive, probably due to a lack of the essential Arg and Gln in the catalytic finger motifs.
messages: cilium

10090:Pcdhb8
gene id: 10090:Pcdhb8
uniprot id: Q91XZ2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cadherin 1 to cadherin 4 domains mediate homophilic trans-interaction, the interaction with an identical protocadherin expressed by a neighboring cell (PubMed:27161523). This is a head-to-tail interaction, the cadherin 1 domain interacting with the cadherin 4 domain and the cadherin 2 domain interacting the cadherin 3 domain of the other protocadherin (PubMed:27161523). The cadherin 6 domain mediates promiscuous interactions with protocadherins on the same cell membrane (PubMed:27161523). Each cadherin domain binds three calcium ions (PubMed:27161523).
messages: Calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein involved in cells self-recognition and non-self discrimination (Probable). Thereby, it is involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain (PubMed:27161523).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms homodimers in trans (molecules expressed by two different cells) (PubMed:27161523). Forms promiscuous heterodimers in cis (at the plasma membrane of the same cell) with other protocadherins (PubMed:27161523).

10090:Fbxo41
gene id: 10090:Fbxo41
uniprot id: Q6NS60
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Directly interacts with SKP1 and CUL1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.

10090:Lyz2
gene id: 10090:Lyz2
uniprot id: A0A077S2U6
uniprot id: P08905
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family.
messages: Expressed weakly in myeloblasts, moderately in immature macrophages, and strongly in both mature macrophages and macrophage-rich tissues.
messages: Lysozyme C is capable of both hydrolysis and transglycosylation; it shows also a slight esterase activity. It acts rapidly on both peptide-substituted and unsubstituted peptidoglycan, and slowly on chitin oligosaccharides.
messages: Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Lyz2 is active against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. More effective than Lyz1 in killing Gram-negative bacteria. Lyz1 and Lyz2 are equally effective in killing Gram-positive bacteria.
messages: Mice display increased inflammation in response to M.luteus infection, impaired digestion of M.luteus cell walls, decreased clearance of P.aeruginosa from infected airways, increased susceptibility to K.pneumoniae infection and increased bacterial burden and mortality following infection with various Gram-negative bacteria. Lyz2 is non-immunogenic in wild-type mice but is rendered immunogenic in mutants.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Secreted

10090:Eif5b
gene id: 10090:Eif5b
uniprot id: Q05D44
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 monovalent cation per monomer in the active site. Structural cofactor that stabilizes the GTP-bound 'on' state. May also act as a transition state stabilizer of the hydrolysis reaction.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ANXA5 in a calcium and phospholipid-dependent manner.
messages: Plays a role in translation initiation. Translational GTPase that catalyzes the joining of the 40S and 60S subunits to form the 80S initiation complex with the initiator methionine-tRNA in the P-site base paired to the start codon. GTP binding and hydrolysis induces conformational changes in the enzyme that renders it active for productive interactions with the ribosome. The release of the enzyme after formation of the initiation complex is a prerequisite to form elongation-competent ribosomes.

10090:Bex4
gene id: 10090:Bex4
uniprot id: Q14BB8
uniprot id: Q9CWT2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BEX family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in both Sertoli and germ cells as well as interstitial area of the testis (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with alpha-tubulin. Interacts with SIRT2.
messages: May play a role in microtubule deacetylation by negatively regulating the SIRT2 deacetylase activity toward alpha-tubulin and thereby participate in the control of cell cycle progression and genomic stability.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome.
messages: Up-regulated by cadmium in testis (at protein level) (PubMed:28295929). Up-regulated by curcumin (PubMed:28145533).
messages: spindle pole

10090:Tspear
gene id: 10090:Tspear
uniprot id: J3S6Y1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell surface
messages: In the organ of Corti, expression at postnatal day 1 (P1) is restricted to the basal region of the stereocilia of inner and outer hair cells (at protein level). Expressed in the organ of Corti at P1 and P7, in cochlear ganglion, stria vascularis and vestibular ends at P7, and in inferior colliculus, remaining brainstem, cerebellum, brain hemispheres and retina at P1, P7 and in the adult. Also detected in adult liver, lung, kidney, intestine and testis but not in heart or skeletal muscle.
messages: Plays a critical role in tooth and hair follicle morphogenesis through regulation of the Notch signaling pathway. May play a role in development or function of the auditory system.
messages: Secreted
messages: stereocilium

10090:Sgms2
gene id: 10090:Sgms2
uniprot id: Q9D4B1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sphingomyelin synthase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Highest expression is detected in cortical bone, followed by vertebrae, kidney and liver. Expression levels are very low in spleen, muscle, heart, brown fat and thymus (PubMed:30779713). Expressed in macrophages.
messages: Null mice are viable but exhibit increased cell membrane ceramide and decreased sphingomyelin levels. In both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, there is a significant increase in glucose uptake. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity and ameliorated high-fat diet-induced obesity. There is blunted NFKB1- and MAP kinase-mediated responses to inflammatory stimuli and macrophages display increased cholesterol efflux into blood circulation. Liver SMS activity is markedly reduced (by about 80%) but only small change in macrophage SMS2 activity (16%). No change in glycosphingolipid levels in plasma. Atherosclerosis in SMS2(-/-)/LDLR(-/-) mice is significantly decreased.
messages: Palmitoylated on Cys-331, Cys-332, Cys-343 and Cys-348; which plays an important role in plasma membrane localization.
messages: Sphingomyelin synthase that primarily contributes to sphingomyelin synthesis and homeostasis at the plasma membrane (PubMed:19590047, PubMed:21844222, PubMed:22580896). Catalyzes the reversible transfer of phosphocholine moiety in sphingomyelin biosynthesis: in the forward reaction transfers phosphocholine head group of phosphatidylcholine (PC) on to ceramide (CER) to form ceramide phosphocholine (sphingomyelin, SM) and diacylglycerol (DAG) as by-product, and in the reverse reaction transfers phosphocholine from SM to DAG to form PC and CER. The direction of the reaction appears to depend on the levels of CER and DAG in the plasma membrane. Does not use free phosphorylcholine or CDP-choline as donors (By similarity). Can also transfer phosphoethanolamine head group of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) on to ceramide (CER) to form ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE) (By similarity). Regulates receptor-mediated signal transduction via mitogenic DAG and proapoptotic CER, as well as via SM, a structural component of membrane rafts that serve as platforms for signal transduction and protein sorting (PubMed:19590047, PubMed:21844222). To a lesser extent, plays a role in secretory transport via regulation of DAG pool at the Golgi apparatus and its downstream effects on PRKD1. Required for normal bone matrix mineralization (By similarity).

10090:Lrpprc
gene id: 10090:Lrpprc
uniprot id: Q6PB66
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at embryonic stages 7 dpc, 11 dpc, 15 dpc and 17 dpc with a slight increase of levels during development.
messages: Interacts with CECR2, HEBP2, MAP1S and UXT (By similarity). Interacts with PPARGC1A (By similarity). Interacts with FOXO1. Component of mRNP complexes associated with HNRPA1 (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in RNA metabolism in both nuclei and mitochondria. In the nucleus binds to HNRPA1-associated poly(A) mRNAs and is part of nmRNP complexes at late stages of mRNA maturation which are possibly associated with nuclear mRNA export. May bind mature mRNA in the nucleus outer membrane. In mitochondria binds to poly(A) mRNA. Plays a role in translation or stability of mitochondrially encoded cytochrome c oxidase (COX) subunits. May be involved in transcription regulation. Cooperates with PPARGC1A to regulate certain mitochondrially encoded genes and gluconeogenic genes and may regulate docking of PPARGC1A to transcription factors. Seems to be involved in the transcription regulation of the multidrug-related genes MDR1 and MVP. Part of a nuclear factor that binds to the invMED1 element of MDR1 and MVP gene promoters (By similarity). Binds single-stranded DNA.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Nucleus outer membrane
messages: Strongly expressed in heart, liver and kidney. Weakly expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and testes.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Lrrc6
gene id: 10090:Lrrc6
uniprot id: O88978
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At the embryonic day 8.0 dpc, expressed at the node, especially in pit cells, which are located at the central region of the node and possess motile cilia. At later stages, expression is detected in the notochord at 9.0 dpc, in the hindbrain, the branchial arches and neural tube at 11.0 dpc, in the hindbrain at 12.0 dpc and in the forebrain at 13.0 dpc.
messages: Belongs to the tilB family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein axonemal particle
messages: Interacts (via CS domain) with ZMYND10 (via C-terminus).
messages: Involved in dynein arm assembly, is important for expression and transporting outer dynein arm (ODA) proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilia (PubMed:27353389). Acts as a crucial component in the formation and motility of spermatozoal flagella (By similarity).
messages: Mainly expressed in cells with motile cilia (PubMed:27353389). Expressed in epithelial cells of the trachea, testis and ependymal cells of the cerebral ventricles (PubMed:27353389). In testis, abundant expression in late prophase of meiosis I with a dramatic decrease after the first meiotic division (at protein level) (PubMed:10775177).
messages: Mutant mice show primary ciliary dyskinesia defects such as hydrocephalus and laterality defects and die within 5 weeks of birth. The morphology of mutant motile cilia is normal, but their motility is completely lost. The 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules remain normal in mutants, but the outer dynein arms (ODAs) is absent from the cilia.
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Prkar1a
gene id: 10090:Prkar1a
uniprot id: Q3TYK4
uniprot id: Q9DBC7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cAMP-dependent kinase regulatory chain family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulatory subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases involved in cAMP signaling in cells.
messages: The inactive holoenzyme is composed of two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains. Activation by cAMP releases the two active catalytic monomers and the regulatory dimer. Interacts with PRKACA and PRKACB (By similarity). PRKAR1A also interacts with RFC2; the complex may be involved in cell survival. Interacts with AKAP4 (PubMed:9852104). Interacts with RARA; the interaction occurs in the presence of cAMP or FSH and regulates RARA transcriptional activity. Interacts with the phosphorylated form of PJA2. Interacts with PRKX; regulates this cAMP-dependent protein kinase (By similarity). Interacts with CBFA2T3 (PubMed:20138877). Interacts with smAKAP; this interaction may target PRKAR1A to the plasma membrane. Interacts with AICDA (By similarity).
messages: The pseudophosphorylation site binds to the substrate-binding region of the catalytic chain, resulting in the inhibition of its activity.
messages: Two types of regulatory chains are found: type I, which predominates in skeletal muscle, and type II, which predominates in cardiac muscle.

10090:Slc16a5
gene id: 10090:Slc16a5
uniprot id: G5E8K6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Monocarboxylate porter (TC 2.A.1.13) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Proton-linked monocarboxylate transporter. Catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (By similarity).

10090:Snx31
gene id: 10090:Snx31
uniprot id: Q6P8Y7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Interacts with CCDC22, CCDC93, VPS26C and VPS35L, associates with the retriever and CCC complexes.
messages: May be involved in protein trafficking.

10090:Pus10
gene id: 10090:Pus10
uniprot id: Q9D3U0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pseudouridine synthase Pus10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with components of the microprocessor complex DROSHA and DGCR8.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein with different functions depending on its subcellular location: involved in miRNA processing in the nucleus and acts as a tRNA pseudouridylate synthase in the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, acts as a pseudouridylate synthase by catalyzing synthesis of pseudouridine(54) and pseudouridine(55) from uracil-54 and uracil-55, respectively, in the psi GC loop of a subset of tRNAs. tRNA pseudouridylate synthase activity is enhanced by the presence of 1-methyladenosine at position 53-61 of tRNAs. Does not show tRNA pseudouridylate synthase activity in the nucleus. In the nucleus, promotes primary microRNAs (pri-miRNAs) processing independently of its RNA pseudouridylate synthase activity. Binds pri-miRNAs. Modulator of TRAIL/TNFSF10-induced cell death via activation of procaspase-8 and BID cleavage. Required for the progression of the apoptotic signal through intrinsic mitochondrial cell death.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved during TRAIL-induced cell death. Cleaved, in vitro, either by caspase-3 (CASP3) or caspase-8 (CASP8).

10090:Dop1a
gene id: 10090:Dop1a
uniprot id: H7BWZ9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the dopey family.

10090:Pdlim5
gene id: 10090:Pdlim5
uniprot id: Q8CI51
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with various PKC isoforms through the LIM domains. Interacts with actin and alpha-actinin through the PDZ domain. Interacts (via LIM domains) with SIPA1L1/SPAR; this interaction may occur preferentially with isoform 1.
messages: May play an important role in the heart development by scaffolding PKC to the Z-disk region. May play a role in the regulation of cardiomyocyte expansion. Isoforms lacking the LIM domains may negatively modulate the scaffolding activity of isoform 1. Overexpression promotes the development of heart hypertrophy. Contributes to the regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis in neurons. May be required to restrain postsynaptic growth of excitatory synapses. Isoform 1, but not isoform 2, expression favors spine thinning and elongation.
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Presynapse
messages: cytosol

10090:Fnbp4
gene id: 10090:Fnbp4
uniprot id: Q6ZQ03
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Induction
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds FMN1. Interacts with the Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich regions of KHDRBS1/SAM68. Arginine methylation in these regions has no effect on this binding (By similarity).
messages: First detected at 9 dpc.
messages: These WW domains interact with Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich domains found in several WW domain-binding proteins (WBPs). The N-terminal WW domain has the greater ligand-binding ability (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Highest levels in spleen and thymus.
messages: Up-regulated by p53.

10090:H2ac1
gene id: 10090:H2ac1
uniprot id: Q8CGP4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Olfr51
gene id: 10090:Olfr51
uniprot id: Q8VGG9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Atp1a1
gene id: 10090:Atp1a1
uniprot id: Q8VDN2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIC subfamily.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation on Tyr-10 modulates pumping activity. Phosphorylation of Ser-943 by PKA modulates the response of ATP1A1 to PKC. Dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) following increases in intracellular sodium, leading to increase catalytic activity (By similarity).
messages: The sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase is composed of a catalytic alpha subunit, an auxiliary non-catalytic beta subunit and an additional regulatory subunit. Interacts with regulatory subunit FXYD1 (PubMed:17283221). Interacts with regulatory subunit FXYD3 (PubMed:15743908). Interacts with SIK1 (By similarity). Interacts with SLC35G1 and STIM1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLN3; this interaction regulates the sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase complex localization at the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates the electrochemical gradient of sodium and potassium ions, providing the energy for active transport of various nutrients.
messages: axon
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Kcnu1
gene id: 10090:Kcnu1
uniprot id: G3X9P7
uniprot id: O54982
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. Calcium-activated (TC 1.A.1.3) subfamily. KCa5.1/KCNU1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotetramer; which constitutes the calcium-activated potassium channel. May interact with LRRC52; this interaction may change some channel gating properties, such as shifting gating to more negative potentials at a given pH.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant males are infertile, but their sperm retains some fertility within in vitro fertilization assays. Spermatozoa exhibit a higher incidence of morphological abnormalities as compared to wild-type, accentuated by hypotonic challenge and deficits in motility, in the absence of bicarbonate.
messages: Testis-specific potassium channel activated by both intracellular pH and membrane voltage that mediates export of K(+). Represents the primary spermatozoan K(+) current. In contrast to KCNMA1/SLO1, it is not activated by Ca(2+) or Mg(2+). Critical for fertility. May play an important role in sperm osmoregulation required for the acquisition of normal morphology and motility when faced with osmotic challenges, such as those experienced after mixing with seminal fluid and entry into the vagina.
messages: Testis-specific. Mainly expressed in spermatocytes.
messages: The C-terminal cytosolic region confers the pH-dependence.
messages: The RCK N-terminal domain mediates the homotetramerization, thereby promoting the assembly of monomers into functional potassium channel.
messages: The S4 segment, which is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position, is part of the voltage-sensor.
messages: The pore-forming domain (also referred as P region) is imbedded into the membrane, and forms the selectivity filter of the pore. It contains the signature sequence of potassium channels that displays selectivity to potassium (By similarity).
messages: Very low expression levels in testis before postnatal day 25 (P25). Levels strongly increase between P25 and P30, and then remain high from P30 through P150.

10090:Denr
gene id: 10090:Denr
uniprot id: Q9CQJ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DENR family.
messages: Interacts with MCTS1.
messages: May be involved in the translation of target mRNAs by scanning and recognition of the initiation codon. Involved in translation initiation; promotes recruitment of aminoacetyled initiator tRNA to P site of 40S ribosomes. Can promote release of deacylated tRNA and mRNA from recycled 40S subunits following ABCE1-mediated dissociation of post-termination ribosomal complexes into subunits (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r95
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r95
uniprot id: E9PUW9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hsd3b7
gene id: 10090:Hsd3b7
uniprot id: Q9EQC1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in liver.
messages: The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids. HSD VII is active against four 7-alpha-hydroxylated sterols. Does not metabolize several different C(19/21) steroids as substrates. Involved in bile acid synthesis (PubMed:11067870). Plays a key role in cell positioning and movement in lymphoid tissues by mediating degradation of 7-alpha,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7-alpha,25-OHC): 7-alpha,25-OHC acts as a ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor GPR183/EBI2, a chemotactic receptor for a number of lymphoid cells (PubMed:22999953).

10090:Lrr1
gene id: 10090:Lrr1
uniprot id: D3YY91
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the probable ECS(LRR1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which contains CUL2, RBX1, Elongin BC complex and LRR1. Interacts with CUL2, RBX1, ELOB and ELOC.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Substrate recognition subunit of an ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (PubMed:33590678). ECS(LRR1) ubiquitinates MCM7 and promotes CMG replisome disassembly by VCP and chromatin extraction during S-phase (PubMed:33590678). May negatively regulate the 4-1BB-mediated signaling cascades which result in the activation of NK-kappaB and JNK1 (By similarity).

10090:Vcpip1
gene id: 10090:Vcpip1
uniprot id: Q8CDG3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds VCP and the ternary complex containing STX5A, NSFL1C and VCP.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme involved in DNA repair and reassembly of the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum following mitosis (By similarity). Necessary for VCP-mediated reassembly of Golgi stacks after mitosis. Plays a role in VCP-mediated formation of transitional endoplasmic reticulum (tER). Mediates dissociation of the ternary complex containing STX5A, NSFL1C and VCP (By similarity). Also involved in DNA repair following phosphorylation by ATM or ATR: acts by catalyzing deubiquitination of SPRTN, thereby promoting SPRTN recruitment to chromatin and subsequent proteolytic cleavage of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs). Hydrolyzes 'Lys-11'- and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi stack
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Mice were born at nearly Mendelian ratios, although the birth rate was slightly decreased (PubMed:32649882). Mice display genomic instability and premature aging (PubMed:32649882). Cells show an accumulation of DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) (PubMed:32649882).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-1205 by ATM or ATR following induction of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs).

10090:Slc35g2
gene id: 10090:Slc35g2
uniprot id: D3YVE8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLC35G solute transporter family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr917
gene id: 10090:Olfr917
uniprot id: Q7TRC3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gabbr2
gene id: 10090:Gabbr2
uniprot id: Q80T41
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Alpha-helical parts of the C-terminal intracellular region mediate heterodimeric interaction with GABBR1.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family. GABA-B receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a heterodimeric G-protein coupled receptor for GABA, formed by GABBR1 and GABBR2 (PubMed:10075644). Within the heterodimeric GABA receptor, only GABBR1 seems to bind agonists, while GABBR2 mediates coupling to G proteins (By similarity). Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase (PubMed:10075644). Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase, stimulates phospholipase A2, activates potassium channels, inactivates voltage-dependent calcium-channels and modulates inositol phospholipid hydrolysis (PubMed:10075644). Plays a critical role in the fine-tuning of inhibitory synaptic transmission (By similarity). Pre-synaptic GABA receptor inhibits neurotransmitter release by down-regulating high-voltage activated calcium channels, whereas postsynaptic GABA receptor decreases neuronal excitability by activating a prominent inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) conductance that underlies the late inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (PubMed:10075644). Not only implicated in synaptic inhibition but also in hippocampal long-term potentiation, slow wave sleep, muscle relaxation and antinociception (By similarity).
messages: Heterodimer of GABBR1 and GABBR2 (PubMed:10075644). Homodimers may form, but are inactive (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with ATF4 (via leucine zipper domain) (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Gfi1b
gene id: 10090:Gfi1b
uniprot id: O70237
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated by IL6 treatment in myelomonocytic cells, and in response to EPO in myeloid cells; EPO-induced down-regulation of Gfi1b is STAT5-dependent.
messages: Essential proto-oncogenic transcriptional regulator necessary for development and differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages. Component of a RCOR-GFI-KDM1A-HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development and controls hematopoietic differentiation. Transcriptional repressor or activator depending on both promoter and cell type context; represses promoter activity of SOCS1 and SOCS3 and thus, may regulate cytokine signaling pathways. Cooperates with GATA1 to repress target gene transcription, such as the apoptosis regulator BCL2L1; GFI1B silencing in leukemic cell lines markedly increase apoptosis rate. Inhibits down-regulation of MYC and MYB as well as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A/P21WAF1 in IL6-treated myelomonocytic cells. Represses expression of GATA3 in T-cell lymphomas and inhibits GATA1-mediated transcription; as GATA1 also mediates erythroid GFI1B transcription, both GATA1 and GFI1B participate in a feedback regulatory pathway controlling the expression of GFI1B gene in erythroid cells. Suppresses GATA1-mediated stimulation of GFI1B promoter through protein interaction. Binds to gamma-satellite DNA and to its own promoter, auto-repressing its own expression. Alters histone methylation by recruiting histone methyltransferase to target genes promoters. Plays a role in heterochromatin formation.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow and in spleen. Detected in hematopoietic stem cells, erythroblasts, and megakaryocytes. Expressed in thymocytes.
messages: Interacts with histone methyltransferases EHMT2 and SUV39H1. Interacts with ARIH2 (via RING-type 2) and with RUNX1T1 (By similarity). Forms a complex with GATA1. Component of a RCOR-GFI-KDM1A-HDAC complex. Interacts directly with RCOR1, KDM1A and HDAC2.
messages: Methylation at Lys-8 in the SNAG domain seems required for the recruitment of the corepressor complex.
messages: Mice are not viable and embryos die by 15 dpc during the transition from primitive to definitive hematopoiesis. They exhibit delayed maturation of primitive erythrocytes and subsequently die with failure to produce enucleated erythrocytes. Their fetal liver contains erythroid and megakaryocytic precursor arrested in their development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SNAG domain of GFIs is required for nuclear location and for interaction with some corepressors.
messages: The zinc finger domain is essential for erythroid expansion and acts as an activation domain whereas non finger domain serves as repression domain.
messages: Transgenic mice with insertion of green fluorescence protein (GFP) cDNA in Gfi1b gene allowed to show up-regulation of Gfi1b in early stage of B-cell and in a subset of early thymic pre-T-cell. Mice overexpressing Gfi1b display peripheral T-lymphopenia and a profound defect in activation after CD3 cross-linking. Spleen cells show reduction in the numbers of CD4 and CD8 T-cells. Thymocyte lineage commitment and maturation are altered.

10090:Tnfsf10
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf10
uniprot id: P50592
uniprot id: Q3U5H0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF10A/TRAILR1, TNFRSF10B/TRAILR2, TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and possibly also to TNFRSF11B/OPG. Induces apoptosis. Its activity may be modulated by binding to the decoy receptors TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4 and TNFRSF11B/OPG that cannot induce apoptosis.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Homotrimer. One TNFSF10 homotrimer interacts with three TNFSF10A mononers. One TNFSF10 homotrimer interacts with three TNFSF10B mononers.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated by PKDCC/VLK.
messages: Widespread.

10090:Znrd2
gene id: 10090:Znrd2
uniprot id: P56873
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in forebrain at 16 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the early postnatal brain.
messages: Might play a role in mitosis. Could be a centromere-associated protein. Antigenic molecule. May induce anti-centromere antibodies.
messages: Two ORFs are contained in the Sssca1 gene, but only this protein is efficiently translated and expressed.

10090:Per2
gene id: 10090:Per2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0U3
uniprot id: O54943
uniprot id: Q3TW41
uniprot id: Q8C8R0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated (PubMed:18662546, PubMed:30782483). Deacetylated by SIRT1, resulting in decreased protein stability (PubMed:18662546). Deacetylated by SIRT6, preventing its degradation by the proteasome, resulting in increased protein stability (PubMed:30782483).
messages: Animals show severely disrupted circadian behavior. During myocardial ischemia, they have larger infarct sizes with deficient lactate production. Mice show reduced muscle strength under stress conditions, show endothelial dysfunctions and have a mean arterial pressure significantly lower compared to wild types. They have elevated circulatory insulin levels associated with enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and impaired insulin clearance. Animals also have increased levels of liver glycogen and impaired hepatic gluconeogenesis. They display altered lipid metabolism with drastic reduction of total triacylglycerides and non-esterified fatty acids. Double knockouts for PER2 and PER1 show an abrupt loss of rhythmicity immediately upon transfer to exposure to constant darkness. Animals have largely affected the water intake (polydipsia) and urine volume (polyuria). Double knocknouts for PER2 and PER3 show the same phenotype as PER2 simple knockouts. Double knockout for NR1D1 and PER2 show a significantly shorter period length compared with wild type or single knockouts for both genes. 50% of double knockouts animals show a stable circadian throughout at least 5 weeks in constant darkness. The other 50% of animals lose their circadian rhythmicity when held in constant darkness for an average of 21 days. Animals have blunted steady-state levels of glycogen in the liver in spite of normal patterns of food consumption.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the SCN during late fetal and early neonatal life. Expression increases during adipogenesis.
messages: Homodimer. Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, BMAL1 or BMAL2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins (PubMed:11779462). Interacts with CLOCK-BMAL1 (off DNA). Interacts with BMAL2. Interacts directly with PER1 and PER3, and through a C-terminal domain, with CRY1 and CRY2. Interacts, via its second PAS domain, with TIMELESS in vitro. Interacts with NFIL3. Different large complexes have been identified with different repressive functions. The core of PER complexes is composed of at least PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, CSNK1D and/or CSNK1E. The large PER complex involved in the repression of transcriptional termination is composed of at least PER2, CDK9, DDX5, DHX9, NCBP1 and POLR2A (active). The large PER complex involved in the histone deacetylation is composed of at least HDAC1, PER2, SFPQ and SIN3A. The large PER complex involved in the histone methylation is composed of at least PER2, CBX3, TRIM28, SUV39H1 and/or SUV39H2; CBX3 mediates the formation of the complex. Interacts with SETX; the interaction inhibits termination of circadian target genes. Interacts with the nuclear receptors HNF4A, NR1D1, NR4A2, RORA, PPARA, PPARG and THRA; the interaction with at least PPARG is ligand dependent. Interacts with PML. Interacts (phosphorylated) with BTRC and FBXW11; the interactions trigger proteasomal degradation. Interacts with NONO and SFPQ. Interacts with CAVIN3. Interacts with MAGEL2. Interacts with MAP1LC3B (PubMed:29937374). Interacts with HNF4A (By similarity).
messages: In the brain, high expression in SCN during the subjective day. Constitutive expression in the cornu ammonis and in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Also expressed in the piriform cortex and the glomeruli of the olfactory bulb, and at a lower extent in the cerebral cortex. Not expressed in the pars tuberalis and the Purkinje neurons. Also expressed in adipose tissue (white and brown), heart, kidney, bladder, lumbar spinal cord, skeletal muscle, spleen, lung, pancreas and liver with highest levels in skeletal muscle and liver and lowest levels in spleen.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oscillates diurnally in several tissues, mainly in central nervous system and liver (at protein levels) but also in pancreas, bladder and lumbar spinal cord. Rhythmic levels are critical for the generation of circadian rhythms in central as well as peripheral clocks. Targeted degradation of PER and CRY proteins enables the reactivation of CLOCK-BMAL1, thus initiating a new circadian transcriptional cycle with an intrinsic period of 24 hours.
messages: Phosphorylated by CSNK1E and CSNK1D. Phosphorylation results in PER2 protein degradation. May be dephosphorylated by PP1.
messages: Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, BMAL1, BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a …
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination may be inhibited by CRY1.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ak4
gene id: 10090:Ak4
uniprot id: Q3U489
uniprot id: Q9WUR9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK3 subfamily.
messages: Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon GTP/ATP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent GTP/ATP hydrolysis.
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, stomach, brain, spinal cord, heart, ovary, oviduct, colon, jejunum, ileum and testis (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028, PubMed:19130895). In the brain, expressed in the pyramidal cells of the cerebrum and glial cells in the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the heart, expressed by myocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the kidney, expressed in the proximal to distal tubule in the cortex and the outer and inner zones of the medulla (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the stomach, expressed in stratified squamous epithelia in the forestomach and in the gastric pit and mucus producing cells of the glandular stomach (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). Expressed in epithelial cells of the jejunum, ileum, and colon (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the testis, expressed by spermatocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the ovaries, expressed by oocytes, follicular epithelial cells, and corpus luteum cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). In the oviduct, expressed in the epithelia of the isthmus and the ciliated cells of the ampulla (at protein level) (PubMed:19492028). Expressed in the pyramidal cells in the hippocampus (PubMed:9813319).
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system in a region-specific manner from the middle stage of embryogenesis to the adulthood in the rodent.
messages: Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates (By similarity). Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor (By similarity). Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in controlling cellular ATP levels by regulating phosphorylation and activation of the energy sensor protein kinase AMPK (By similarity). Plays a protective role in the cellular response to oxidative stress (By similarity).
messages: Involved in maintaining the homeostasis of cellular nucleotides by catalyzing the interconversion of nucleoside phosphates. Efficiently phosphorylates AMP and dAMP using ATP as phosphate donor, but phosphorylates only AMP when using GTP as phosphate donor. Also displays broad nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with SLC25A5/ANT2 (By similarity).
messages: Monomer.

10090:Lancl2
gene id: 10090:Lancl2
uniprot id: Q9JJK2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the LanC-like protein family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with an array of inositol phospholipids such as phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) and phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI5P). PIP-binding enhances membrane association.
messages: Myristoylated. Essential for membrane association.
messages: Necessary for abscisic acid (ABA) binding on the cell membrane and activation of the ABA signaling pathway in granulocytes.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dbi
gene id: 10090:Dbi
uniprot id: P31786
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ACBP family.
messages: Binds medium- and long-chain acyl-CoA esters with very high affinity and may function as an intracellular carrier of acyl-CoA esters. It is also able to displace diazepam from the benzodiazepine (BZD) recognition site located on the GABA type A receptor. It is therefore possible that this protein also acts as a neuropeptide to modulate the action of the GABA receptor.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Monomer.

10090:Olfr129
gene id: 10090:Olfr129
uniprot id: Q7TRI9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ttpa
gene id: 10090:Ttpa
uniprot id: Q8BWP5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds (+)-alpha-tocopherol, enhances its transfer between separate membranes, and stimulates its release from liver cells. Binds both phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate; the resulting conformation change is important for the release of the bound alpha-tocopherol.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer and homotetramer. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding induces the formation of homotetramers. Phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate is less efficient in inducing tetramerization.

10090:Kif16b
gene id: 10090:Kif16b
uniprot id: B1AVY7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Embryonic death. Embryos are arrested at the blastocyst stage: the primitive endoderm and epiblast cannot be distinguished and appear as cell clumps resembling the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst. Embryos do not develop an epiblast epithelium and the uterine reaction appears to be incomplete. Development of the primitive endoderm and a basement membrane derived from it are severely affected in embryos at 4.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with PTPN21 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB14.
messages: Partially unspliced pre-RNA.
messages: Plus end-directed microtubule-dependent motor protein involved in endosome transport and receptor recycling and degradation. Regulates the plus end motility of early endosomes and the balance between recycling and degradation of receptors such as EGF receptor (EGFR) and FGF receptor (FGFR). Regulates the Golgi to endosome transport of FGFR-containing vesicles during early development, a key process for developing basement membrane and epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages during early postimplantation development.
messages: The PX domain mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P), phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2), phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3). Does not bind phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle

10090:Slf2
gene id: 10090:Slf2
uniprot id: E9Q839
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM178 family.

10090:Hmgn3
gene id: 10090:Hmgn3
uniprot id: Q9DCB1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMGN family.
messages: Binds to nucleosomes, regulating chromatin structure and consequently, chromatin-dependent processes such as transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. Affects both insulin and glucagon levels and modulates the expression of pancreatic genes involved in insulin secretion. Regulates the expression of the glucose transporter SLC2A2 by binding specifically to its promoter region and recruiting PDX1 and additional transcription factors. Regulates the expression of SLC6A9, a glycine transporter which regulates the glycine concentration in synaptic junctions in the central nervous system, by binding to its transcription start site. May play a role in ocular development and astrocyte function.
messages: Expressed in the brain, eye, prostate, thyroid, kidney, testis, glial cells and insulin-producing cells of the Langerhans pancreatic islets. In the brain, expressed in the lateral olfactory tract, anterior commissure, corpus callosum, internal capsule, fornix, stria medullans, optic tract, axon bundles, Purkinje cell layer and granular layer of the cerebellum. In retina, expressed in the nuclei of cells in the inner nuclear layer including amacrine, bipolar and horizontal neurons and in the nuclei of ganglion neurons. Detected at low levels in the liver.
messages: Interacts with the ligand binding domain of the thyroid receptor (TR) (in vitro). Requires the presence of thyroid hormone for its interaction. Interacts with transcriptional regulator SEHBP. Interacts with nucleosomes.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile. Mice have a mild diabetic phenotype and lower plasma glucagon levels. The overall shape of the islets, the location of the alpha cells in the mantle of the pancreatic islets or proliferation of pancreatic alpha cells are not affected.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transiently expressed in the stroma and endothelium of the cornea at birth. Subsequently expressed in the corneal epithelium and the inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers of the retina. The predominant form in developing ocular tissues is isoform 2, although isoform 1 is also detectable.

10090:Agl
gene id: 10090:Agl
uniprot id: F8VPN4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycogen debranching enzyme family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Multifunctional enzyme acting as 1,4-alpha-D-glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glycosyltransferase and amylo-1,6-glucosidase in glycogen degradation.

10090:Fbxw11
gene id: 10090:Fbxw11
uniprot id: Q5SRY7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is negatively regulated by Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Self-associates. Component of the SCF(FBXW11) complex formed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and a FBXW11 dimer. Interacts with BTRC, BST2, PER1, RCAN1 and USP47. Interacts with phosphorylated ubiquitination substrates CTNNB1, NFKBIA, IFNAR1, PER1 and PER2; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of the two serine residues in the substrates' destruction motif D-S-G-X(2,3,4)-S. Interacts with TRIM21. Interacts with PER3. Interacts with phosphorylated ubiquitination substrate CEP68 (By similarity). Interacts with INAVA (By similarity). Interacts with REST (By similarity).
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Probably recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of phosphorylated CTNNB1 and participates in Wnt signaling regulation. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of phosphorylated NFKBIA, which degradation frees the associated NFKB1 to translocate into the nucleus and to activate transcription. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of IFNAR1. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of CEP68; this is required for centriole separation during mitosis (By similarity). Involved in the oxidative stress-induced a ubiquitin-mediated decrease in RCAN1. Mediates the degradation of CDC25A induced by ionizing radiation in cells progressing through S phase and thus may function in the intra-S-phase checkpoint. Has an essential role in the control of the clock-dependent transcription via degradation of phosphorylated PER1 and phosphorylated PER2. SCF(FBXW11) mediates the ubiquitination of CYTH1, and probably CYTH2 (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal D domain mediates homodimerization.

10090:Il1rap
gene id: 10090:Il1rap
uniprot id: E9Q6I2
uniprot id: Q3V2X3
uniprot id: Q61730
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with secreted ligand-bound IL1R2 and increases the affinity of secreted IL1R2 for IL1B; this complex formation may be the dominant mechanism for neutralization of IL1B by secreted/soluble receptors. Enhances the ability of secreted IL1R1 to inhibit IL-33 signaling.
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Coreceptor for IL1RL2 in the IL-36 signaling system. Coreceptor with IL1R1 in the IL-1 signaling system. Associates with IL1R1 bound to IL1B to form the high affinity interleukin-1 receptor complex which mediates interleukin-1-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B and other pathways. Signaling involves the recruitment of adapter molecules such as TOLLIP, MYD88, and IRAK1 or IRAK2 via the respective TIR domains of the receptor/coreceptor subunits. Recruits TOLLIP to the signaling complex. Does not bind to interleukin-1 alone; binding of IL1RN to IL1R1, prevents its association with IL1R1 to form a signaling complex. The cellular response is modulated through a non-signaling association with the membrane IL1R2 decoy receptor. Secreted forms (isoforms 2 and 3) associate with secreted ligand-bound IL1R2 and increase the affinity of secreted IL1R2 for IL1B; this complex formation may be the dominant mechanism for neutralization of IL1B by secreted/soluble receptors. Coreceptor for IL1RL1 in the IL-33 signaling system. Can bidirectionally induce pre- and postsynaptic differentiation of neurons by trans-synaptically binding to PTPRD (PubMed:25908590). May play a role in IL1B-mediated costimulation of IFNG production from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells (By similarity).
messages: Detected in lung, brain, spleen, thymus and liver. Expressed in brain endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia and neurons. Isoform 3 is predominantly expressed in brain; expressed in hippocampal neurons.
messages: Required for Src phosphorylation by IL1B. Required for IL1B-potentiated NMDA-induced calcium influx in neurons acting in cooperation with IL1R1 isoform 2 to mediate Akt kinase activation.
messages: Secreted
messages: The TIR domain mediates NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity. Self-association of TIR domains is required for NADase activity.
messages: The interleukin-36 receptor complex is a heterodimer of IL1RL2 and IL1RAP; the association is inhibited by IL36RN. The interleukin-1 receptor complex is a heterodimer of IL1R1 and IL1RAP. Associates with IL1R2 to form a non-signaling interleukin-1 receptor complex. Interacts with IL-33-bound IL1RL1 to form the minimal interleukin-33 signaling complex with a 1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with KIT (independently of stimulation with KITLG/SCF). A mast cell-specific KITLG/SCF-induced interleukin-33 signaling complex contains IL1RL1, IL1RAP, KIT and MYD88. Interacts (via the first immunoglobilin domain) with PTPRD (via the third immunoglobilin domain); induces pre- and postsynaptic differentiation of neurons (PubMed:25908590).

10090:Wee1
gene id: 10090:Wee1
uniprot id: P47810
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 before the onset of mitosis by mediating phosphorylation of CDK1 on 'Tyr-15'. Specifically phosphorylates and inactivates cyclin B1-complexed CDK1 reaching a maximum during G2 phase and a minimum as cells enter M phase. Phosphorylation of cyclin B1-CDK1 occurs exclusively on 'Tyr-15' and phosphorylation of monomeric CDK1 does not occur. Its activity increases during S and G2 phases and decreases at M phase when it is hyperphosphorylated. A correlated decrease in protein level occurs at M/G1 phase, probably due to its degradation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.
messages: Binds to 14-3-3 protein zeta.
messages: Dephosphorylated at Thr-239 by CTDP1 (By similarity). Dephosphorylated at Ser-52 and Ser-123 by the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A preventing its ubiquitin-mediated degradation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated during M and G1 phases. Also autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-642 by BRSK1 and BRSK2 in post-mitotic neurons, leads to down-regulate WEE1 activity in polarized neurons. Phosphorylated at Ser-52 and Ser-123 by PLK1 and CDK1, respectively, generating an signal for degradation that can be recognized by the SCF(BTRC) complex, leading to its ubiquitination and degradation at the onset of G2/M phase (By similarity).
messages: Synthesis is increased during S and G2 phases, presumably by an increase in transcription; activity is decreased by phosphorylation during m phase. Protein levels fall in M phase as a result of decreased synthesis combined with degradation. Activity seems to be negatively regulated by phosphorylation upon entry into mitosis, although N-terminal phosphorylation might also regulate the protein stability via protection from proteolysis or might regulate the subcellular location (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated and degraded at the onset of G2/M phase.

10090:Lrfn3
gene id: 10090:Lrfn3
uniprot id: Q8BLY3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRFN family.
messages: Can form heteromeric complexes with LRFN1, LRFN2, LRFN4 and LRFN5. Able to form homomeric complexes across cell junctions, between adjacent cells. Does not interact with DLG4.
messages: Cell adhesion molecule that mediates homophilic cell-cell adhesion in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. Promotes neurite outgrowth in hippocampal neurons.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed from 4.5 to 18.5 dpc. Initial levels are low until 6.5 dpc and residual from 7.5 to 9.5 dpc. Expression increases from 10.5 to 15.5 dpc before falling again to a level slightly higher than the one seen on 4.5 to 6.5 dpc. At 11.5 dpc, broadly expressed in the telencephalic and diencephalic vesicles. At 17.5 dpc, expressed in cerebral cortex, hippocampus, dorsal thalamus and amygdala.
messages: Expressed in brain, testis, stomach, small intestine and kidney. Residually expressed in heart, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and uterus. In the brain, weak, but broad expression in the cerebral cortex and diencephalic nuclei. Also detected in other parts of the central nervous system, including the olfactory bulb, pons, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata, as well as in the peripheral nervous system, such as the ganglia of cranial nerves and the dorsal root ganglion during gestation.
messages: Lacks a cytoplasmic PDZ-binding domain, which has been implicated in function of related Lrfn proteins.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Pabpc2
gene id: 10090:Pabpc2
uniprot id: Q62029
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.
messages: Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Adam6b
gene id: 10090:Adam6b
uniprot id: Q6IMH7
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Hoxa10
gene id: 10090:Hoxa10
uniprot id: P31310
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family.
messages: Embryonic expression increases from day 9 to day 12 and then declines to day 15.
messages: Expressed in the developing limb bud where it is restricted to the mesenchyme along the proximal-distal axis. Also found in developing gut and urogenital tract. In adult tissue, both forms found in kidney but only isoform 1 is expressed in skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with SIRT2; the interaction is direct.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Binds to the DNA sequence 5'-AA[AT]TTTTATTAC-3'.

10090:Atg16l2
gene id: 10090:Atg16l2
uniprot id: Q6KAU8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATG16L2-deficient mice are viable and born at Mendelian proportions. Deficient mice exhibit intact canonical autophagy.
messages: Although ATG16L2 is structurally similar to ATG16L1 and is likewise able to form a complex with the autophagy proteins ATG5 and ATG12, overexpression and knockdown studies suggest that ATG16L2 is not essential for canonical autophagy.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ATG16 family.
messages: Homooligomer (PubMed:22082872). Heterooligomer with ATG16L2 (PubMed:22082872). Interacts with ATG5 (PubMed:22082872). Self-oligomerizes to form a 800-kDa complex composed of ATG12-ATG5 and ATG16L2 (PubMed:22082872). Interacts with RAB33B (PubMed:22082872).
messages: May play a role in regulating epithelial homeostasis in an ATG16L1-dependent manner.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Rbm26
gene id: 10090:Rbm26
uniprot id: Q6NZN0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in testis and ovary at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in testis and ovary.

10090:Sord
gene id: 10090:Sord
uniprot id: Q64442
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Detected early in spermatogenesis. Detected in condensing spermatids (at protein level) and is up-regulated during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Inhibited in vitro by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate, EDTA, l,l0-phenanthroline and N-ethylmaleimide.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Polyol dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of various sugar alcohols (By similarity). Is active with D-sorbitol (D-glucitol) leading to the C2-oxidized product D-fructose (PubMed:6852349). Is a key enzyme in the polyol pathway that interconverts glucose and fructose via sorbitol, which constitutes an important alternate route for glucose metabolism (By similarity). May play a role in sperm motility by using sorbitol as an alternative energy source for sperm motility and protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PubMed:18799757). Has no activity on ethanol. Cannot use NADP(+) as the electron acceptor (PubMed:6852349).
messages: Testis has the highest level of expression, followed by kidney, liver, and lung. Low levels of expression are also observed in lens, brain, and skeletal muscle. Expressed in sperm flagellum and very low expression in the sperm head.
messages: flagellum

10090:Rab19
gene id: 10090:Rab19
uniprot id: P35294
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Detected at high levels in intestine, lung and spleen, and at a lower level in kidney.

10090:Rell1
gene id: 10090:Rell1
uniprot id: Q8K2J7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RELT family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Induces activation of MAPK14/p38 cascade, when overexpressed. Induces apoptosis, when overexpressed.
messages: Interacts with RELT, RELL2, OXSR1 and PLSCR1.

10090:Fbxl21
gene id: 10090:Fbxl21
uniprot id: Q8BFZ4
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the hypothalamus, especially in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Expression is driven by the core-clock. There is a pronounced diurnal and circadian expression rhythms rising rapidly at the start of the day and declining at the onset of the night.
messages: Mice show normal periodicity of wheel-running rhythms with compromised organization of daily activities: mice do not display significant difference from their wild-type littermates in both the free-running period in constant darkness (DD) and activity onset in 12 hours of light/12 hours of darkness (LD). However, an alteration in the daily activities is observed: while wild-type mice show 2 peaks of activity during the active period, the late night activity is eliminated in Fbxl21-deficient mice. Mice lacking both Fbxl3 and Fbxl21 show an attenuated phenotype in behavioral rhythm compared to Fbxl3-deficient mice; however, they exhibit unstable behavioral rhythms, sometimes eliciting arrhythmicity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex SCF(FBXL21) composed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and FBXL21. Interacts with CRY1 and CRY2.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF(FBXL21) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in circadian rhythm function. Plays a key role in the maintenance of both the speed and the robustness of the circadian clock oscillation. The SCF(FBXL21) complex mainly acts in the cytosol and mediates ubiquitination of CRY proteins (CRY1 and CRY2), leading to CRY proteins stabilization. The SCF(FBXL21) complex counteracts the activity of the SCF(FBXL3) complex and protects CRY proteins from degradation. Involved in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) clock regulating temporal organization of the daily activities.
messages: The mechanism by which the SCF(FBXL21) complex stabilizes CRY proteins (CRY1 and CRY2) is still unclear: according to a report, the SCF(FBXL21) complex does not catalyze 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains, but catalyzes a different type of ubiquitin chains that do not lead to degradation (PubMed:23452856). According to a second report, FBXL21 has a higher affinity for CRY proteins compared to FBXL3, while the SCF(FBXL21) complex has weaker ubiquitin-ligase activity compared to the SCF(FBXL3) complex: as a consequence, the SCF(FBXL21) complex protects CRY proteins from SCF(FBXL3) activity and degradation in the nucleus, while it promotes slow degradation of CRY proteins in the cytosol (PubMed:23452855).
messages: cytosol

10090:Hsd3b2
gene id: 10090:Hsd3b2
uniprot id: P26149
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 3-beta-HSD is a bifunctional enzyme, that catalyzes the oxidative conversion of Delta(5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroid, and the oxidative conversion of ketosteroids. The 3-beta-HSD enzymatic system plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of all classes of hormonal steroids.
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Liver and kidney.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Nme6
gene id: 10090:Nme6
uniprot id: O88425
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate.

10090:Rfc5
gene id: 10090:Rfc5
uniprot id: Q5HZI8
uniprot id: Q9D0F6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
messages: Heterotetramer of subunits RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5 that can form a complex either with RFC1 or with RAD17. The former interacts with PCNA in the presence of ATP, while the latter has ATPase activity but is not stimulated by PCNA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongation of primed DNA templates by DNA polymerase delta and epsilon requires the action of the accessory proteins proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and activator 1.

10090:Ugt1a7c
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a7c
uniprot id: Q6ZQM8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer. Homooligomer. Interacts with UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A8, UGT1A9 and UGT1A10 to form heterodimers.
messages: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) that catalyzes phase II biotransformation reactions in which lipophilic substrates are conjugated with glucuronic acid to increase the metabolite's water solubility, thereby facilitating excretion into either the urine or bile. Essential for the elimination and detoxification of drugs, xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Catalyzes the glucuronidation of endogenous estrogen hormone epiestradiol. Also catalyzes the glucuronidation of the isoflavones genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, biochanin A and prunetin, which are phytoestrogens with anticancer and cardiovascular properties. Involved in the glucuronidation of the AGTR1 angiotensin receptor antagonist caderastan, a drug which can inhibit the effect of angiotensin II. Involved in the biotransformation of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN-38), the pharmacologically active metabolite of the anticancer drug irinotecan.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels detected in colon and kidney.

10090:Vill
gene id: 10090:Vill
uniprot id: G5E8C6
uniprot id: G5E8H0
uniprot id: Q91YD6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the villin/gelsolin family.
messages: Not detected in adult tissues. Expressed at low levels in early embryogenesis.
messages: Possible tumor suppressor.

10090:Slc7a6os
gene id: 10090:Slc7a6os
uniprot id: Q7TPE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IWR1/SLC7A6OS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Directs RNA polymerase II nuclear import.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hsd3b5
gene id: 10090:Hsd3b5
uniprot id: Q61694
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the male liver, starting in late puberty.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Responsible for the reduction of the oxo group on the C-3 of 5alpha-androstane steroids. Catalyzes the conversion of dihydrotestosterone to its inactive form 5alpha-androstanediol, that does not bind androgen receptor/AR. Does not function as an isomerase.

10090:Rmnd1
gene id: 10090:Rmnd1
uniprot id: Q8CI78
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RMD1/sif2 family.
messages: Homooligomer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Required for mitochondrial translation, possibly by coordinating the assembly or maintenance of the mitochondrial ribosome.

10090:Gucy2c
gene id: 10090:Gucy2c
uniprot id: Q3UWA6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glycosylation at Asn-75 and/or Asn-79 is required for interaction with VIP36 while glycosylation at Asn-345 and Asn-402 modulates ligand-mediated GC-C activation.
messages: Guanylyl cyclase that catalyzes synthesis of cyclic GMP (cGMP) from GTP.
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts via its C-terminal region with PDZK2. Interacts with the lectin chaperone VIP36.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:Arhgap32
gene id: 10090:Arhgap32
uniprot id: Q811P8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PX domain-containing GAP family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: GTPase-activating protein (GAP) promoting GTP hydrolysis on RHOA, CDC42 and RAC1 small GTPases. May be involved in the differentiation of neuronal cells during the formation of neurite extensions. Involved in NMDA receptor activity-dependent actin reorganization in dendritic spines. May mediate cross-talks between Ras- and Rho-regulated signaling pathways in cell growth regulation. Isoform 2 has higher GAP activity.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with NTRK1 (via cytoplasmic domain); the interaction is independent of the phosphorylation state of NTRK1 (By similarity). Interacts with SHC3 (via SH2 domain) (By similarity). Interacts with RASA1 (via SH3 domain); the interaction is necessary for the Ras activation and cell transforming activities of ARHGAP32. Interacts with GAB1 and GAB2. Interacts with CRK and CRKL. Found in a complex with CRKL and BCAR1; upon EGF stimulation BCAR1 may be replaced by EGFR (By similarity). Interacts with NCK1 (via SH3 domain); NCK1 recruits phosphorylated BCAR1 to the complex. Isoform 2 interacts with FYN; the interaction appears to be dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation of ARHGAP32 (By similarity). Interacts with EGFR; the interaction requires EGF stimulation and is increased by SHC3. Interacts with CDC42; the interaction requires constitutively active CDC42. Interacts with CTNNB1, DLG4, CDH2 and GRIN2B (By similarity) (PubMed:12531901, PubMed:12857875, PubMed:16716191, PubMed:17272280, PubMed:17663722). Interacts with GPHN (PubMed:27609886).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are highly expressed in brain, specially in cortex, corpus striatum, hippocampus and thalamus. Low levels in cerebellum, colon, small intestine, and kidney.
messages: Isoform 1 is detectable by embryonic day 13, whereas isoform 2 is detected postnatally.
messages: Isoform 2 is phosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues by FYN (By similarity). Phosphorylated tyrosine residues undergo dephosphorylation after stimulation of NMDA receptors. Phosphorylated in vitro by CaMK2 in the presence of calmodulin and calcium; which inhibits GAP activity.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are fertile but display abnormal neurite growth.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: The N-terminal PX domain interacts specifically with phosphatidylinositides.
messages: cell cortex
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Mfn1
gene id: 10090:Mfn1
uniprot id: Q811U4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A helix bundle is formed by helices from the N-terminal and the C-terminal part of the protein. The GTPase domain cannot be expressed by itself, without the helix bundle. Rearrangement of the helix bundle and/or of the coiled coil domains may bring membranes from adjacent mitochondria into close contact, and thereby play a role in mitochondrial fusion.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily.
messages: Detected in adult heart (PubMed:12759376). Detected in embryos (at protein level) (PubMed:12527753). Widely expressed (PubMed:11950885).
messages: Expressed in 8.5 dpc, 9.5 dpc, 10.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc embryos.
messages: Full embryonic lethality; nearly 90% of the mutant embryos have been resorbed at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:12527753). Contrary to wild-type embryonic fibroblasts that have elongated, tubular mitochondria, mutant embryonic fibroblasts contain only fragmented mitochondria (PubMed:12527753). In cultured cells, mutant mitochondria show a strongly decreased frequency of mitochondrial fusion events (PubMed:12527753). In spite of the aberrant mitochondrial morphology, there seem to be no gross defects in respiration (PubMed:12527753). Heart-specific disruption of Mfn1 does not impair heart function and has no effect on cardiomyocyte mitochondrial morphometry or respiratory function (PubMed:23620051).
messages: Homodimer, also in the absence of bound GTP (By similarity). Forms higher oligomers in the presence of a transition state GTP analog (By similarity). Forms homomultimers and heteromultimers with MFN2 (PubMed:12527753). Oligomerization is essential for mitochondrion fusion (PubMed:15297672). Component of a high molecular weight multiprotein complex (By similarity). Interacts with VAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with THG1L; THG1L probably functions as a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor/GEF, activating MFN1.
messages: Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion (PubMed:12527753, PubMed:23921378, PubMed:24513856, PubMed:15297672). Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity (By similarity). It may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains (PubMed:15297672). Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events (PubMed:12527753). Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks (in vitro). Has low GTPase activity (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Ubiquitinated by MARCHF5 (By similarity). When mitochondria are depolarized and dysfunctional, it is ubiquitinated by a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that contains FBXO7 and PRKN. Ubiquitinated by non-degradative ubiquitin by PRKN, promoting mitochondrial fusion; deubiquitination by USP30 inhibits mitochondrial fusion (PubMed:24513856).

10090:Cr1l
gene id: 10090:Cr1l
uniprot id: Q64735
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a cofactor for complement factor I, a serine protease which protects autologous cells against complement-mediated injury by cleaving C3b and C4b deposited on host tissue. Also acts as a decay-accelerating factor, preventing the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade. Plays a crucial role in early embryonic development by maintaining fetomaternal tolerance. Also acts as a costimulatory factor for T-cells which favors IL-4 secretion.
messages: Belongs to the receptors of complement activation (RCA) family.
messages: Death between 9.5 and 13.5 dpc from developmental arrest.
messages: Highly expressed in trophoblasts at 7.5 dpc, and in the maternally derived decidual tissues until 16 dpc. Expressed only at low levels in the embryo itself.
messages: Interacts with C3b.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (at protein level).

10090:Cnrip1
gene id: 10090:Cnrip1
uniprot id: Q5M8N0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CNRIP family.
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Also detected in heart, lung, intestine, kidney, testis, spleen, liver and muscle (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with the cannabinoid receptor CNR1 (via C-terminus). Does not interact with cannabinoid receptor CNR2 (By similarity).
messages: Suppresses cannabinoid receptor CNR1-mediated tonic inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels.

10090:Tap1
gene id: 10090:Tap1
uniprot id: P21958
uniprot id: Q3U6V4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ABC transporter associated with antigen processing. In complex with TAP2 mediates unidirectional translocation of peptide antigens from cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for loading onto MHC class I (MHCI) molecules. Uses the chemical energy of ATP to export peptides against the concentration gradient. During the transport cycle alternates between 'inward-facing' state with peptide binding site facing the cytosol to 'outward-facing' state with peptide binding site facing the ER lumen. Peptide antigen binding to ATP-loaded TAP1-TAP2 induces a switch to hydrolysis-competent 'outward-facing' conformation ready for peptide loading onto nascent MHCI molecules. Subsequently ATP hydrolysis resets the transporter to the 'inward facing' state for a new cycle. As a component of the peptide loading complex (PLC), acts as a molecular scaffold essential for peptide-MHCI assembly and antigen presentation.
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. MHC peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.209) subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Heterodimer of TAP1 and TAP2 (TAP1-TAP2). A component of the peptide loading complex (PLC), interacts via TAPBP with MHCI heterodimer; this interaction mediates peptide-MHCI assembly. Interacts with PSMB5 and PSMB8.
messages: The nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) mediates ATP hydrolysis coupled to peptide translocation. Two ATP molecules are accommodated at distinct nucleotide binding sites (NBS) at TAP1-TAP2 dimer interface. Each NBS is formed by Walker A (GxxGxGKST) and Q-loop motifs from NBD of one subunit, while the NBD from the second subunit completes the active site by contributing the C loop motif (LSGGQ). Each ATP molecule is coordinated via the beta- and gamma-phosphates to a Mg2+ ion, which is necessary for ATP hydrolysis.
messages: The peptide-binding site is shared between the cytoplasmic loops of TAP1 and TAP2.

10090:Gpr137c
gene id: 10090:Gpr137c
uniprot id: A0A2I3BPD5
uniprot id: E9Q343
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Lysosomal integral membrane protein that may regulate MTORC1 complex translocation to lysosomes.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Prdm12
gene id: 10090:Prdm12
uniprot id: A2AJ77
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Expression starts around 9.0 dpc in the neural folds, which give rise to neural crest cells. Neural crest cells develop into various tissues, including the sensory ganglia that contain nociceptor cell bodies. Prominently expressed in sensory spinal ganglia (dorsal root ganglia) but not in sympathetic ganglia during the time when sensory neurons emerge (10.5 dpc-13.5 dpc), mature and differentiate (14.5 dpc-postnatal day 14).
messages: Involved in the positive regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nat8f1
gene id: 10090:Nat8f1
uniprot id: Q9JIZ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the camello family.
messages: May play a role in regulation of gastrulation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Spag9
gene id: 10090:Spag9
uniprot id: B8X349
uniprot id: Q58A65
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the JIP scaffold family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in brain, kidney, liver, heart.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). The homodimer interacts with ARF6, forming a heterotetramer (By similarity). Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with MAX, MAPK8, MAPK14, MAP3K3, MYC, and MAP2K4 (PubMed:12391307). Interacts with KNS2 (PubMed:15987681). Interaction with KNS2 is important in the formation of ternary complex with MAPK8 (PubMed:15767678). Interacts with PIP4P1 (By similarity). Interacts with PIKFYVE (PubMed:19056739).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK8 and MAPK14.
messages: The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module (PubMed:12391307, PubMed:15767678). Regulates lysosomal positioning by acting as an adapter protein which links PIP4P1-positive lysosomes to the dynein-dynactin complex (By similarity). Assists PIKFYVE selective functionality in microtubule-based endosome-to-TGN trafficking (PubMed:19056739).
messages: Up-regulated during neuronal differentiation.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ppm1n
gene id: 10090:Ppm1n
uniprot id: Q8BGL1
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.

10090:Npy1r
gene id: 10090:Npy1r
uniprot id: Q04573
uniprot id: Q3V1K5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for neuropeptide Y and peptide YY.
messages: The alpha form is highly expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, spleen, skeletal muscle, and lung, whereas the beta receptor mRNA was not detected in these tissues. However, the beta form is expressed in mouse embryonic developmental stage (7 and 11 days), bone marrow cells and several hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: The beta form is expressed in embryonic developmental stage (7 and 11 days). The beta form is an embryonic and a bone marrow form of NPY1-R, which decreases in the expression during development and differentiation.

10090:Sphk2
gene id: 10090:Sphk2
uniprot id: Q9JIA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 dpc, expression is relatively ubiquitous with the strongest signals detected in the limb buds, eyes and branchial arches and a weaker expression in the telencephalon and spinal cord.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP), a lipid mediator with both intra- and extracellular functions (PubMed:16118219, PubMed:17346996, PubMed:21084291). Also acts on D-erythro-dihydrosphingosine, D-erythro-sphingosine and L-threo-dihydrosphingosine. Binds phosphoinositides (PubMed:16118219, PubMed:10751414). In contrast to prosurvival SPHK1, has a positive effect on intracellular ceramide levels, inhibits cells growth and enhances apoptosis (PubMed:16118219). In mitochondria, is important for cytochrome-c oxidase assembly and mitochondrial respiration. The SPP produced in mitochondria binds PHB2 and modulates the regulation via PHB2 of complex IV assembly and respiration (PubMed:20959514). In nucleus, plays a role in epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 and, through SPP production, inhibits their enzymatic activity, preventing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues with histones. Up-regulates acetylation of histone H3-K9, histone H4-K5 and histone H2B-K12. In nucleus, may have an inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis and cell cycle (By similarity). In mast cells, is the main regulator of SPP production which mediates calcium influx, NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine production, such as TNF and IL6, and degranulation of mast cells (PubMed:17346996). In dopaminergic neurons, is involved in promoting mitochondrial functions regulating ATP and ROS levels (PubMed:25637806). Also involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (PubMed:30593892).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaved by CASP1 in apoptotic cells. The truncated form is released from cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, liver, kidney and testis (PubMed:10751414). Expressed by mast cells (at protein level) (PubMed:17346996). In the substantia nigra, expressed by dopaminergic neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:25637806).
messages: Expressopm decreases upon treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) which is used to induce Parkinson disease in mouse model.
messages: Interacts with histone H3. Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2, MBD2 and SIN3A. Interacts with EEF1A1; the interaction enhances SPHK2 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with PHB2 (PubMed:20959514).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mutant mice are viable, fertile and have normal longevity. They show reduced SPP levels (PubMed:16314531). Mice have decreased fat mass but increased lean mass, they display increased energy expenditure compared to wild-type. Aging mice are protected from metabolic decline and obesity. 52-week old male mutant mice have decreased weight and fat mass, and increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity compared to control mice (PubMed:30593892). Double knockout for SPHK1 and SPHK2 causes embryonic lethality (PubMed:16314531). Between 11.5 dpc and 12.5 dpc embryos exhibit cranial hemorrhage and die at 13.5 dpc (PubMed:16314531). At 11.5 dpc the wall of the dorsal aorta is poorly developed and endothelial cells are severely defective in all blood vessels in the mesenchymal region of the head (PubMed:16314531). Embryos also show a neural tube defect (PubMed:16314531).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PKD on Ser-384 and Ser-386 upon PMA treatment. Phosphorylation induces export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Phosphorylated by MAPK1 and MAPK2 at Thr-578, phosphorylation is induced by agonists such as EGF and PMA and increases kinase activity.

10090:Slc4a11
gene id: 10090:Slc4a11
uniprot id: A2AJN7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the endothelial cells of the cornea. In the inner ear, is located in fibrocytes underlying the stria vascularis. In the kidney, is expressed in the thin descending limb of Henle loop.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Multifunctional transporter with an impact in cell morphology and differentiation (PubMed:20185830). In the presence of borate B(OH)4(-), acts as a voltage-dependent electrogenic Na(+)-coupled B(OH)4(-) cotransporter controlling boron homeostasis (By similarity). At early stages of stem cell differentiation, participates in synergy with ITGA5-ITGB1 and ITGAV-ITGB3 integrins and BMPR1A to promote cell adhesion and contractility that drives differentiation toward osteogenic commitment while inhibiting adipogenesis (PubMed:33247189). In the absence of B(OH)4(-), acts as a Na(+)-coupled OH(-) or H(+) permeable channel with implications in cellular redox balance. Regulates the oxidative stress response in corneal endothelium by enhancing antioxidant defenses and protecting cells from reactive oxygen species. In response to hypo-osmotic challenge, also acts as water permeable channel at the basolateral cell membrane of corneal endothelial cells and facilitates transendothelial fluid reabsorption in the aqueous humor. In the presence of ammonia, acts as an electrogenic NH3/H(+) cotransporter and may play a role in ammonia transport and reabsorption in renal Henle's loop epithelium (By similarity).
messages: Mutant mice show corneal defects characterized by progressive thickening of the stroma and descement membrane concomitant with increased sodium chloride concentration in the stroma (PubMed:20185830, PubMed:23813972). They show impaired urinary concentration, increased urinary volume, and increased urinary sodium loss in the kidney. They also show stress-induced morphological changes of fibrocytes of the inner ear resulting in deafness.

10090:Styk1
gene id: 10090:Styk1
uniprot id: Q6J9G1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Highly expressed in colon and small intestine. Weakly or not expressed in spleen, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, heart and brain. Expressed in transformed kidney cell lines (COS-1 and HEK293T).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable tyrosine protein-kinase, which has strong transforming capabilities on a variety of cell lines including NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and on athymic nude mice. When overexpressed, it can also induce tumor cell invasion as well as metastasis in distant organs. May act by activating both MAP kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinases (PI3K) pathways.

10090:Fgg
gene id: 10090:Fgg
uniprot id: Q3UEM7
uniprot id: Q3UER8
uniprot id: Q8VCM7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A long coiled coil structure formed by 3 polypeptide chains connects the central nodule to the C-terminal domains (distal nodules). The long C-terminal ends of the alpha chains fold back, contributing a fourth strand to the coiled coil structure.
messages: Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is triggered by thrombin, which cleaves fibrinopeptides A and B from alpha and beta chains, and thus exposes the N-terminal polymerization sites responsible for the formation of the soft clot. The soft clot is converted into the hard clot by factor XIIIA which catalyzes the epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine cross-linking between gamma chains (stronger) and between alpha chains (weaker) of different monomers (By similarity).
messages: Heterohexamer; disulfide linked. Contains 2 sets of 3 non-identical chains (alpha, beta and gamma). The 2 heterotrimers are in head to head conformation with the N-termini in a small central domain (By similarity).
messages: Heterohexamer; disulfide linked. Contains 2 sets of 3 non-identical chains (alpha, beta and gamma). The 2 heterotrimers are in head to head conformation with the N-termini in a small central domain.
messages: Secreted
messages: Together with fibrinogen alpha (FGA) and fibrinogen beta (FGB), polymerizes to form an insoluble fibrin matrix (By similarity). Fibrin has a major function in hemostasis as one of the primary components of blood clots (By similarity). In addition, functions during the early stages of wound repair to stabilize the lesion and guide cell migration during re-epithelialization (By similarity). Was originally thought to be essential for platelet aggregation, based on in vitro studies using anticoagulated blood. However, subsequent studies have shown that it is not absolutely required for thrombus formation in vivo (By similarity). Enhances expression of SELP in activated platelets via an ITGB3-dependent pathway (PubMed:19332769). Maternal fibrinogen is essential for successful pregnancy (By similarity). Fibrin deposition is also associated with infection, where it protects against IFNG-mediated hemorrhage (By similarity). May also facilitate the immune response via both innate and T-cell mediated pathways (By similarity).

10090:Alpk3
gene id: 10090:Alpk3
uniprot id: Q924C5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Alpha-type protein kinase family. ALPK subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the heart and skeletal muscle of adult mice.
messages: First detected in the cardiac crescent at 7.5 dpc when the developing heart became visible and remains through to 10.5 dpc.
messages: Involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
messages: Mice are viable and were born at the expected Mendelian ratio. They however develop spontaneous cardiomyopathy with features of both hypertrophic and dilated forms of cardiomyopathy. Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by increased thickness of both left and right ventricular walls and by significantly increased heart weight. Some features are also associated with dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyocytes show an altered architecture, characterized by reduced numbers of abnormal intercalated disks.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Eid1
gene id: 10090:Eid1
uniprot id: Q9DCR4
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in all adult tissues examined and during embryogenesis.
messages: Inhibition of MYOD1 may be partly due to the ability of EID1 to bind and inhibit EP300 histone acetyltransferase activity.
messages: Interacts via its LXCXE motif with the entire pocket region of RB1. Interacts with EP300, NR0B2 and TRIM27.
messages: Interacts with RB1 and EP300 and acts as a repressor of MYOD1 transactivation. Inhibits EP300 and CBP histone acetyltransferase activity. May be involved in coupling cell cycle exit to the transcriptional activation of genes required for cellular differentiation. May act as a candidate coinhibitory factor for NR0B2 that can be directly linked to transcription inhibitory mechanisms.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rack1
gene id: 10090:Rack1
uniprot id: P68040
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family. Ribosomal protein RACK1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed throughout embryonic brain development with high levels detected at 11.5 dpc, 13.5 dpc and 18.5 dpc. Also detected at high levels in the adult brain.
messages: Monomer; also forms homodimers and homooligomers (By similarity). Interacts with CPNE3 (By similarity). May interact with ABCB4 (By similarity). Component of the small (40S) ribosomal subunit. Interacts with LARP4B. Interacts with LARP4. Interacts with PKD2L1 (By similarity). Binds SLC9A3R1. Forms a ternary complex with TRIM63 and PRKCE. Interacts with HABP4, KRT1 and OTUB1. Interacts with SRC (via SH2 domain); the interaction is enhanced by tyrosine phosphorylation of RACK1. Recruited in a circadian manner into a nuclear complex which also includes BMAL1 and PRKCA. Interacts with AR. Interacts with IGF1R but not with INSR. Interacts with ADAM12. Interacts with CLEC1B (via N-terminal region) and with HIF1A; the interaction promotes their degradation. Interacts with RHOA; this enhances RHOA activation and promotes cell migration. Interacts with CHRM2; the interaction regulates CHRM2 internalization. Interacts with TRPM6 (via kinase domain). Interacts with PTK2/FAK1; required for PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Interacts with FLT1. Interacts with HRAS.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated on Tyr-228 and/or Tyr-246 by SRC. This is required for binding to SRC (By similarity).
messages: Scaffolding protein involved in the recruitment, assembly and/or regulation of a variety of signaling molecules. Interacts with a wide variety of proteins and plays a role in many cellular processes. Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit involved in translational repression. Involved in the initiation of the ribosome quality control (RQC), a pathway that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, by promoting ubiquitination of a subset of 40S ribosomal subunits (By similarity). Binds to and stabilizes activated protein kinase C (PKC), increasing PKC-mediated phosphorylation. May recruit activated PKC to the ribosome, leading to phosphorylation of EIF6. Inhibits the activity of SRC kinases including SRC, LCK and YES1. Inhibits cell growth by prolonging the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Enhances phosphorylation of BMAL1 by PRKCA and inhibits transcriptional activity of the BMAL1-CLOCK heterodimer. Facilitates ligand-independent nuclear translocation of AR following PKC activation, represses AR transactivation activity and is required for phosphorylation of AR by SRC. Modulates IGF1R-dependent integrin signaling and promotes cell spreading and contact with the extracellular matrix. Involved in PKC-dependent translocation of ADAM12 to the cell membrane. Promotes the ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins such as CLEC1B and HIF1A. Required for VANGL2 membrane localization, inhibits Wnt signaling, and regulates cellular polarization and oriented cell division during gastrulation. Required for PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Regulates internalization of the muscarinic receptor CHRM2. Promotes apoptosis by increasing oligomerization of BAX and disrupting the interaction of BAX with the anti-apoptotic factor BCL2L. Inhibits TRPM6 channel activity. Regulates cell surface expression of some GPCRs such as TBXA2R. Plays a role in regulation of FLT1-mediated cell migration. Involved in the transport of ABCB4 from the Gol…
messages: Strongly and ubiquitously expressed in the embryonic and early postnatal brain. At 11.5 dpc, expressed in a high-dorsal to low-ventral gradient throughout the brain. At 13.5 dpc, most abundant in the telecephalon. At 18.5 dpc, expressed most abundantly in layers 1-4 of the cortex, striatum, hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and specific thalamic nuclei. This expression decreases during postnatal development and is localized in the dentate gyrus, habenula, piriform cortex, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and supraoptic nucleus of the adult brain.
messages: The 7 WD repeats mediate protein-protein interactions with binding partners.
messages: dendrite
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Scmh1
gene id: 10090:Scmh1
uniprot id: Q8K214
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein complexes; the complex class is required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of some genes.
messages: Associates with a PRC1-like complex (By similarity). Interacts with the SAM domain of PHC1 via its SAM domain in vitro.
messages: Belongs to the SCM family.
messages: By retinoic acid in F9 and F19 embryonal carcinoma cell lines.
messages: Detected throughout embryogenesis. Expressed ubiquitously in 8.5 dpc embryos. At 10.5 dpc, strongly expressed in nervous system including hindbrain and spinal cord, and in the pharyngeal arches and visceral organs. By 14.5 dpc, strong expression is detected throughout the central nervous system, and in tongue, heart, midgut and urogenital regions.
messages: Most abundant in testis. Moderate levels detected in heart, brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and kidney and lower levels in spleen.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hhla1
gene id: 10090:Hhla1
uniprot id: Q3TYV2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Map7d1
gene id: 10090:Map7d1
uniprot id: A2AJI0
uniprot id: A2AJI1
uniprot id: A8Y5P4
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MAP7 family.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it is derived from pre-RNA.
messages: spindle

10090:Olfr487
gene id: 10090:Olfr487
uniprot id: Q7TRU9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Evpl
gene id: 10090:Evpl
uniprot id: Q9D952
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Component of the cornified envelope of keratinocytes. May link the cornified envelope to desmosomes and intermediate filaments.
messages: Cornified envelope
messages: May form a homodimer or a heterodimer with PPL.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: desmosome

10090:1110008P14Rik
gene id: 10090:1110008P14Rik
uniprot id: P58686
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPF0184 (EST00098) family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Essential for intermediate filament organization in intestinal cells, interacts with intermediate filament and regulates intestinal lumen morphology.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cyp21a1
gene id: 10090:Cyp21a1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J048
uniprot id: P03940
uniprot id: Q3UJ92
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that plays a major role in adrenal steroidogenesis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation at C-21 of progesterone and 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone to respectively form 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol, intermediate metabolites in the biosynthetic pathway of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: The leucine-rich hydrophobic amino acid N-terminal region probably helps to anchor the protein to the microsomal membrane.

10090:Tm9sf3
gene id: 10090:Tm9sf3
uniprot id: Q9ET30
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fank1
gene id: 10090:Fank1
uniprot id: Q9DAM9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expression is activated by FOXJ1.
messages: In the developing testis, first detected at postnatal day 14 (P14) and levels increase after P20 (at protein level). At P20, detected in pachytene spermatocytes and round spermatids, but not in preleptotene and leptotene spermatocytes. Not detected in testis at P10. Detected in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes and in embryos up to the 2-cell stage, but not in morula or blastocysts.
messages: Interacts with COPS5; regulates the phosphorylation of JUN and the transcriptional activity of AP-1. Interacts with RYBP; may prevent the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of FANK1.
messages: Mostly restricted to testis (at protein level), including mid to late pachytene spermatocytes (stages VI-X), diplotene spermatocytes (stage XI), meiotically dividing spermatocytes (stage XII) and spermatids in steps 1-14. Highest levels in late pachytene spermatocytes and spermatids in steps 1-9.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Polyubiquitination leads to proteasomal degradation.
messages: The fibronectin type-III domain mediates interaction with COPS5 and RYBP.
messages: Through the activation of JUN and AP-1-mediated transcription, may regulate apoptosis.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytosol

10090:Tmed5
gene id: 10090:Tmed5
uniprot id: A2RS96
uniprot id: Q3V440
uniprot id: Q9CXE7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with TMED9 and TMED10.
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential role in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. Required for the maintenance of the Golgi apparatus; involved in protein exchange between Golgi stacks during assembly. Probably not required for COPI-vesicle-mediated retrograde transport (By similarity).
messages: Potential role in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. Required for the maintenance of the Golgi apparatus; involved in protein exchange between Golgi stacks during assembly. Probably not required for COPI-vesicle-mediated retrograde transport.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ern2
gene id: 10090:Ern2
uniprot id: Q32MS5
uniprot id: Q3UTN5
uniprot id: Q9Z2E3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Role in expression of the DDIT3 transcription factor, required for the unfolded-protein response, growth arrest and apoptosis. Has no effect on 28S ribosomal RNA cleavage, unlike the corresponding human protein.
messages: The kinase domain is activated by trans-autophosphorylation. Kinase activity is required for activation of the endoribonuclease domain (By similarity).

10090:Asb9
gene id: 10090:Asb9
uniprot id: Q91ZT8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Recognizes at least two forms of creatine kinase, CKB and CKMT1A (By similarity).
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Ppm1a
gene id: 10090:Ppm1a
uniprot id: P49443
uniprot id: Q9EQE3
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Enzyme with a broad specificity. Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling through dephosphorylating SMAD2 and SMAD3, resulting in their dissociation from SMAD4, nuclear export of the SMADs and termination of the TGF-beta-mediated signaling (By similarity). Dephosphorylates PRKAA1 and PRKAA2. Plays an important role in the termination of TNF-alpha-mediated NF-kappa-B activation through dephosphorylating and inactivating IKBKB/IKKB.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD2; the interaction dephosphorylates SMAD2 in its C-terminal SXS motif resulting in disruption of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, SMAD2 nuclear export and termination of the TGF-beta-mediated signaling. Interacts with SMAD2; the interaction dephosphorylates SMAD2 in its C-terminal SXS motif resulting in disruption of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, SMAD2 nuclear export and termination of the TGF-beta-mediated signaling (By similarity). Interacts with the phosphorylated form of IKBKB/IKKB (By similarity).
messages: N-myristoylation is essential for the recognition of its substrates for dephosphorylation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Amz1
gene id: 10090:Amz1
uniprot id: A1L312
uniprot id: Q8BVF9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M54 family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit. One is catalytic, whereas the other seems to have a structural role.
messages: Probable zinc metalloprotease.

10090:Lypla2
gene id: 10090:Lypla2
uniprot id: Q9WTL7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a acyl-protein thioesterase hydrolyzing fatty acids from S-acylated cysteine residues in proteins such as trimeric G alpha proteins, GAP43, ZDHHC6 or HRAS (By similarity). Deacylates GAP43 (By similarity). Mediates depalmitoylation of ZDHHC6 (By similarity). Has lysophospholipase activity (PubMed:10064901). Hydrolyzes prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) (PubMed:25301951). Hydrolyzes PG-Gs in the following order prostaglandin D2-glycerol ester (PGD2-G) > prostaglandin E2 glycerol ester (PGE2-G) > prostaglandin F2-alpha-glycerol ester (PGF2-alpha-G) (By similarity). Hydrolyzes 1-arachidonoylglycerol but not 2-arachidonoylglycerol or arachidonoylethanolamide (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. AB hydrolase 2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Ubiquitous; detected at low levels.

10090:Ccdc88b
gene id: 10090:Ccdc88b
uniprot id: Q4QRL3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in immune cells, including both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and in myeloid cells (at protein level) (PubMed:25403443). Expressed in endothelium (at protein level) (PubMed:21289099). Expressed specifically in spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes and thymus (PubMed:25403443). Expressed in liver and heart (PubMed:21289099).
messages: Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell maturation and inflammatory function. Required for several functions of T-cells in both the CD4(+) and the CD8(+) compartments and this includes expression of cell surface markers of activation, proliferation, and cytokine production in response to specific or non-specific stimulation and during the course of infection with the mouse malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei (PubMed:25403443). Enhances NK cell cytotoxicity by positively regulating polarization of microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) to cytotoxic synapse, lytic granule transport along microtubules, and dynein-mediated clustering to MTOC (By similarity). Interacts with HSPA5 and stabilizes the interaction between HSPA5 and ERN1, leading to suppression of ERN1-induced JNK activation and endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis (PubMed:21289099).
messages: Belongs to the CCDC88 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DOCK8 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with intact microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with dynein-dynactin motor complex (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with HSPA5 (PubMed:21289099).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show defects in T-cell functions including impaired maturation, significantly reduced activation, reduced cell division as well as impaired cytokine production in response to specific or non-specific stimulation and during the course of infection with the mouse malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei.
messages: microtubule organizing center

10090:Mitf
gene id: 10090:Mitf
uniprot id: A0A5H1ZRM6
uniprot id: Q08874
uniprot id: Q32MU7
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MiT/TFE family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Mitf are the cause of microphthalmia (mi), a condition characterized by loss of pigmentation; reduced eye size; failure of secondary bone resorption; reduced numbers of mast cells; early onset of deafness, and which gives rise to a number of different phenotypes. Among them, microphthalmia-eyeless white (mi-ew) has a normal appearance at the heterozygous state, but shows white coat; eyes almost absent and eyelids never open at homozygosity. Microphthalmia-black and white spot (mi-bws) is normal at heterozygosity, and presents white spots and black eyes at homozygous state. Microphthalmia-white (mi-wh) has reduced coat color and eye pigmentation; spots on toes, tail and belly; inner ear defects at heterozygosity, and at homozygosity shows white coat; eyes small and inner iris slightly pigmented; spinal ganglia, adrenal medulla and dermis smaller than normal, and inner ear defects. Microphthalmia-vitiligo (mi-vi) has normal phenotype at heterozygosity, but shows gradual depigmentation of coat, skin and eyes; and retinal degeneration at homozygosity. Microphthalmia-spotted (mi-sp) shows normal phenotype; at homozygosity, however, tyrosinase activity in skin is reduced. Microphthalmia-defective irism (mi-di) has reduced retinal pigmentation at heterozygosity and shows white coat; eyes of reduced sized and possible mild osteoporosis at homozygosity. Microphthalmia-cloudy eyed (mi-ce) has a normal appearance at the heterozygous state, but shows white coat; eyes of reduced size and unpigmented at homozygosity. Microphthalmia-red-eyed white (mi-rw) has a normal appearance at the homozygous state, but shows white coat with one or more pigmented spots around the head/and or tail; eyes are small and red at heterozygosity. Microphthalmia-black-eyed white (mi-bw) shows a white coat but normal sized eyes which reamin black at homozygosity.
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer; dimerization is mediated via the coiled coil region (PubMed:23207919). Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (PubMed:23207919). Binds DNA in the form of homodimer or heterodimer with either TFE3, TFEB or TFEC (By similarity). Binds DNA as a homodimer (in vitro) (PubMed:23207919). Interacts with KARS1 (PubMed:14975237). Identified in a complex with HINT1 and CTNNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with VSX2 (PubMed:23028343).
messages: In the adult, expressed at high levels in the heart, skin, skeletal muscle, intestine, stomach, kidney, ovary, lung, spleen and brain. In the embryo, expressed in developing eye, ear, skin and heart. Isoform M is expressed in melanocytes and also in the embryonic and adult heart while isoform A and isoform H are more widely expressed.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-405 significantly enhances the ability to bind the tyrosinase promoter (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Ser-180 and Ser-516 following KIT signaling, triggering a short live activation: Phosphorylation at Ser-180 and Ser-516 by MAPK and RPS6KA1, respectively, activate the transcription factor activity but also promote ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). Phosphorylated in response to blue light (415nm) (By similarity).
messages: The leucine zipper region is part of a larger coiled coil.
messages: Transcription factor that regulates the expression of genes with essential roles in cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. Binds to M-boxes (5'-TCATGTG-3') and symmetrical DNA sequences (E-boxes) (5'-CACGTG-3') found in the promoters of target genes, such as BCL2 and tyrosinase (TYR) (PubMed:23207919). Plays an important role in melanocyte development by regulating the expression of tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1). Plays a critical role in the differentiation of various cell types, such as neural crest-derived melanocytes, mast cells, osteoclasts and optic cup-derived retinal pigment epithelium.
messages: Ubiquitinated following phosphorylation at Ser-180, leading to subsequent degradation by the proteasome. Deubiquitinated by USP13, preventing its degradation (By similarity).

10090:Sdr16c5
gene id: 10090:Sdr16c5
uniprot id: Q7TQA3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Oxidoreductase with strong preference for NAD. Active in both the oxidative and reductive directions. Oxidizes all-trans-retinol in all-trans-retinaldehyde. No activity was detected with 11-cis-retinol or 11-cis-retinaldehyde as substrates with either NAD(+)/NADH or NADP(+)/NADPH.

10090:Nphp4
gene id: 10090:Nphp4
uniprot id: P59240
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NPHP4 family.
messages: Expressed in the retina (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with NPHP1 and RPGRIP1L/NPHP8; NPHP1, NPHP4 and RPGRIP1L are proposed to form a functional NPHP1-4-8 module localized to cell-cell contacts and the ciliary transition zone; NPHP4 mediates the interaction between NPHP1 and RPGRIP1L. Interacts with IQCB1/NPHP5; the interaction likely requires additional interactors (PubMed:21565611). Interacts with RPGRIP1, CEP164, JADE1, PALS1, INADL, PARD6A, INVS, DVL2. Interacts with INTU; INTU mediates the interaction between NPHP4 and DAAM1. Interacts with JADE1 (By similarity). Interacts with SPATA7 (PubMed:29899041).
messages: Involved in the organization of apical junctions; the function is proposed to implicate a NPHP1-4-8 module. Does not seem to be strictly required for ciliogenesis (By similarity). Required for building functional cilia. Involved in the organization of the subapical actin network in multiciliated epithelial cells. Seems to recruit INT to basal bodies of motile cilia which subsequently interacts with actin-modifying proteins such as DAAM1 (By similarity). In cooperation with INVS may down-regulate the canonical Wnt pathway and promote the Wnt-PCP pathway by regulating expression and subcellular location of disheveled proteins. Stabilizes protein levels of JADE1 and promotes its translocation to the nucleus leading to cooperative inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling (By similarity). Acts as negative regulator of the hippo pathway by association with LATS1 and modifying LATS1-dependent phosphorylation and localization of WWTR1/TAZ (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body
messages: tight junction

10090:Ifi27l2b
gene id: 10090:Ifi27l2b
uniprot id: Q8VC49
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IFI6/IFI27 family.
messages: Functions in the intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway and may have an interferon-induced antiviral activity.
messages: Homooligomer (PubMed:21151029). Interacts with BAK1 (PubMed:21151029). Interacts with BAX (PubMed:21151029). Interacts with adenine nucleotide translocase (PubMed:21151029).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Up-regulated by type-I interferon (PubMed:21151029). Up-regulated by poly(I:C) (PubMed:21151029).

10090:Dnm1l
gene id: 10090:Dnm1l
uniprot id: A0A2U3TZ67
uniprot id: E9PUD2
uniprot id: Q8K1M6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed in the cerebellum and in several regions of the cerebrum and diencephalon. Strongly expressed in the cerebellar Purkinje cells and in the pontile giant neurons.
messages: Functions in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division (PubMed:19578372, PubMed:19752021, PubMed:22564413, PubMed:23283981, PubMed:24508339, PubMed:29478834, PubMed:32484300). Mediates membrane fission through oligomerization into membrane-associated tubular structures that wrap around the scission site to constrict and sever the mitochondrial membrane through a GTP hydrolysis-dependent mechanism (PubMed:24508339). The specific recruitment at scission sites is mediated by membrane receptors like MFF, MIEF1 and MIEF2 for mitochondrial membranes (PubMed:23283981, PubMed:24508339). While the recruitment by the membrane receptors is GTP-dependent, the following hydrolysis of GTP induces the dissociation from the receptors and allows DNM1L filaments to curl into closed rings that are probably sufficient to sever a double membrane (PubMed:24508339). Acts downstream of PINK1 to promote mitochondrial fission in a PRKN-dependent manner (PubMed:32484300). Plays an important role in mitochondrial fission during mitosis (By similarity). Required for formation of endocytic vesicles (By similarity). Through its function in mitochondrial division, ensures the survival of at least some types of postmitotic neurons, including Purkinje cells, by suppressing oxidative damage (PubMed:19752021, PubMed:22564413). Required for normal brain development, including that of cerebellum (PubMed:19578372, PubMed:22564413). Facilitates developmentally regulated apoptosis during neural tube formation (PubMed:19578372). Required for a normal rate of cytochrome c release and caspase activation during apoptosis; this requirement may depend upon the cell type and the physiological apoptotic cues (PubMed:19578372). Proposed to regulate synaptic vesicle membrane dynamics through association with BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L) which stimulates its GTPase activity in synaptic vesicles; the function may require its recruitment by MFF to clathrin-containing vesicles (By similarity). Required for programmed necrosis e…
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homotetramer; dimerizes through the N-terminal GTP-middle region of one molecule binding to the GED domain of another DNM1L molecule. Oligomerizes in a GTP-dependent manner to form membrane-associated tubules with a spiral pattern. Interacts with GSK3B and MARCHF5. Interacts (via the GTPase and B domains) with UBE2I; the interaction promotes sumoylation of DNM1L, mainly in its B domain. Interacts with PPP3CA; the interaction dephosphorylates DNM1L and regulates its transition to mitochondria. Interacts with BCL2L1 isoform BCL-X(L) and CLTA; DNM1L and BCL2L1 isoform BCL-X(L) may form a complex in synaptic vesicles that also contains clathrin and MFF. Interacts with MFF; the interaction is inhibited by C11orf65/MFI (PubMed:30059978). Interacts with FIS1. Interacts with MIEF2 and MIEF1; GTP-dependent, regulates GTP hydrolysis and DNM1L oligomerization (PubMed:24508339). Interacts with PGAM5; this interaction leads to dephosphorylation at Ser-656 and activation of GTPase activity and eventually to mitochondria fragmentation. Interacts with RALBP1; during mitosis, recruits DNM1L to the mitochondrion and mediates its activation by the mitotic kinase cyclin B-CDK1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Mutant mice show severe developmental abnormalities and die between 10.5 and 12.5 dpc. Compared to wild-type littermates, mutant embryos at 9.5-11.5 dpc have a significantly smaller body size, pulsing, but less developed cardiac structures, a poorly developed liver and a thinner neural tube cell layer. They lack trophoblastic giant cell layer in the placenta. Primary cultures of mutant neuronal cells have severe defects in synapse formation and high sensitivity to Ca(2+)-dependent apoptosis. Within cerebellar neurons, Purkinje cells are particularly sensitive to Dnm1l ablation. Conditional knockout in postmitotic Purkinje cells leads to 40% neuronal degeneration after 3 months and 90% after 6 months.
messages: O-GlcNAcylation augments the level of the GTP-bound active form of DNM1L and induces translocation from the cytoplasm to mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. It also decreases phosphorylation at Ser-643 (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events on two sites near the GED domain regulate mitochondrial fission (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-643 inhibits mitochondrial fission probably through preventing intramolecular interaction (By similarity). Dephosphorylated on this site by PPP3CA which promotes mitochondrial fission (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-622 by Pink1 activates the GTPase activity and promotes mitochondrial fission (PubMed:32484300). Phosphorylated in a circadian manner at Ser-643 (By similarity).
messages: S-nitrosylation increases DNM1L dimerization, mitochondrial fission and causes neuronal damage.
messages: Sumoylated on various lysine residues within the B domain, probably by MUL1. Sumoylation positively regulates mitochondrial fission. Desumoylated by SENP5 during G2/M transition of mitosis. Appears to be linked to its catalytic activity (By similarity).
messages: The GED domain folds back to interact, in cis, with the GTP-binding domain and middle domain, and interacts, in trans, with the GED domains of other DNM1L molecules, and is thus critical for activating GTPase activity and for DNM1L dimerization.
messages: Ubiquitination by MARCHF5 affects mitochondrial morphology.
messages: clathrin-coated pit
messages: cytosol
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Sde2
gene id: 10090:Sde2
uniprot id: Q8K1J5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SDE2 family.
messages: Both SDE2-UBL and the mature SDE2 are polyubiquitinated.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibits translesion DNA synthesis by preventing monoubiquitination of PCNA, this is necessary to counteract damage due to ultraviolet light-induced replication stress (By similarity). SDE2 is cleaved following PCNA binding, and its complete degradation is necessary to allow S-phase progression following DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Interacts (via PIP-box) with PCNA; the interaction is direct and prevents ultraviolet light induced monoubiquitination of PCNA (By similarity). Interacts with FBL/fibrillarin (By similarity). Interacts with CACTIN (By similarity). Interacts with SF3B1 (By similarity). Interacts with U2AF1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing by facilitating excision of relatively short introns featuring weak 3'-splice sites (ss) and high GC content (By similarity). May recruit CACTIN to the spliceosome (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in ribosome biogenesis by enabling SNORD3- and SNORD118-dependent cleavage of the 47S rRNA precursor (By similarity). Binds ncRNA (non-coding RNA) including the snoRNAs SNORD3 and SNORD118 (By similarity).
messages: The PIP-box (PCNA interacting peptide) motif mediates both the interaction with PCNA and cleavage of the SDE2 precursor by a deubiquitinating enzyme.
messages: The SAP domain is necessary for specific binding to DNA.
messages: The propeptide displays a ubiquitin-like fold.
messages: Upon binding to PCNA, the N-terminal UBL (ubiquitin-like) propeptide is cleaved at Gly-77 by an unidentified deubiquitinating enzyme; the resulting mature SDE2 is degraded by the DCX(DTL) complex in a cell cycle- and DNA damage dependent manner.

10090:Ankk1
gene id: 10090:Ankk1
uniprot id: Q8BZ25
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.

10090:Spaca5
gene id: 10090:Spaca5
uniprot id: A0A077S1H9
uniprot id: A2AE20
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Yod1
gene id: 10090:Yod1
uniprot id: Q8CB27
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Hydrolase that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from proteins and participates in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) for misfolded lumenal proteins. May act by triming the ubiquitin chain on the associated substrate to facilitate their threading through the VCP/p97 pore. Ubiquitin moieties on substrates may present a steric impediment to the threading process when the substrate is transferred to the VCP pore and threaded through VCP's axial channel. Mediates deubiquitination of 'Lys-27'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Also able to hydrolyze 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitin chains. Cleaves both polyubiquitin and di-ubiquitin. May play a role in macroautophagy, regulating for instance the clearance of damaged lysosomes. May recruit PLAA, UBXN6 and VCP to damaged lysosome membranes decorated with K48-linked ubiquitin chains and remove these chains allowing autophagosome formation.
messages: Interacts with VCP; the interaction is direct. Interacts with FAF2/UBXD8. Interacts with DERL1; however interaction is dependent on the UBAX-like region, suggesting that it may be indirect. Interacts with PLAA, UBXN6 and VCP; may form a complex involved in macroautophagy.
messages: The C2H2-type zinc finger mediates specificity for 'Lys-27'-, 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-33'-linked polyubiquitin chains but not for 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitin chains. Selectivity for 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitin chains is provided by recognition of the sequence surrounding 'Lys-11' in ubiquitin. The S2 site region provides specificity for longer 'Lys-11'-linked ubiquitin chains.
messages: The UBAX-like region mediates the interaction with VCP.

10090:Ccdc113
gene id: 10090:Ccdc113
uniprot id: Q8C5T8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of centriolar satellites contributing to primary cilium formation.
messages: Interacts with HAP1 and PCM1.
messages: centriolar satellite

10090:Dppa3
gene id: 10090:Dppa3
uniprot id: Q8QZY3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected at 3.5 dpc (at protein level). Activated during the process of germ cell specification at 7 dpc.25, specifically in the founder population of lineage-restricted primordial germ cells (PGCs). Thereafter, expressed in the germ line until about 15.5 dpc in male and 13.5 dpc in female gonads. Expressed during blastocyst, morula and 4-cell embryo stages.
messages: Expressed in the immature oocytes and in newborn ovaries. Subsequently detected in maturing oocytes and in preimplantation embryos. Expressed in pluripotent embryonic but not in differentiated somatic cells. Expressed in blastocysts, epiblasts, primordial germ cells, embryonic gonads and primitive spermatogonia. No expression is detected in adult testes.
messages: Mediates binding to H3K9me2 via N-terminal region, while ability to exclude TET3 from the maternal pronucleus requires the C-terminal part.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Null mutation result in apparently normal offspring. No effect on early gonadal PGCs or gross abnormalities in the development of gametes. However, females display severely reduced fertility despite ovulation of normal numbers of oocytes. Null mutation resulted in preimplantation development failure. Embryos rarely reached the blastocyst stage.
messages: Primordial germ cell (PGCs)-specific protein involved in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. In zygotes, DNA demethylation occurs selectively in the paternal pronucleus before the first cell division, while the adjacent maternal pronucleus and certain paternally-imprinted loci are protected from this process. Participates in protection of DNA methylation in the maternal pronucleus by preventing conversion of 5mC to 5hmC: specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 dimethylated at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) on maternal genome, and protects maternal genome from TET3-mediated conversion to 5hmC and subsequent DNA demethylation. Does not bind paternal chromatin, which is mainly packed into protamine and does not contain much H3K9me2 mark. Also protects imprinted loci that are marked with H3K9me2 in mature sperm from DNA demethylation in early embryogenesis. May be important for the totipotent/pluripotent states continuing through preimplantation development. Also involved in chromatin condensation in oocytogenesis.

10090:Tmem182
gene id: 10090:Tmem182
uniprot id: B2RVY9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM182 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in white adipose tissues (WAT), with 10-fold to 20-fold higher levels than in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Also expressed in skeletal muscle, heart and lung. Lower relative levels of expression in kidney, spleen, testis, brain and liver.
messages: Interacts with ITGB1.
messages: Mice exhibit significant increases in body weight, muscle mass, muscle fiber number, muscle fiber diameter and myotube formation and an acceleration of skeletal muscle regeneration.
messages: Negatively regulates myogenesis and skeletal muscle regeneration via its association with ITGB1 (PubMed:34427057). Modulates ITGB1 activation by decreasing ITGB1-LAMB1 interaction and inhibiting ITGB1-mediated intracellular signaling during myogenesis (PubMed:34427057).
messages: Up-regulated during myoblast differentiation.
messages: Up-regulated in adipogenesis and also markedly up-regulated during in vitro myogenesis of C2C12 myoblasts to myocytes.

10090:Coro1c
gene id: 10090:Coro1c
uniprot id: Q9WUM4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in skeletal muscle (at protein level) (PubMed:19651142). Detected in fibroblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:27178841). Ubiquitous (PubMed:9778037).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity). Binds F-actin (PubMed:22364218). Interacts with RCC2 (PubMed:25074804). Interacts preferentially with nucleotide-free and GDP-bound RAC1 (PubMed:25074804). Interacts with VIM (via head domain) (PubMed:27178841). Interacts with MICAL2; this interaction recruits MICAL2 to the actin filaments (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:27178841). Fibroblasts from mutant mice display a disordered actin cytoskeleton with a reduced width of the actin stress fibers. Likewise, these cells have several microtubule-organizing centers (MTOCs) and a disordered microbutule network (PubMed:27178841).
messages: Plays a role in directed cell migration by regulating the activation and subcellular location of RAC1 (PubMed:25074804, PubMed:25925950). Increases the presence of activated RAC1 at the leading edge of migrating cells (PubMed:25074804, PubMed:25925950). Required for normal organization of the cytoskeleton, including the actin cytoskeleton, microtubules and the vimentin intermediate filaments (PubMed:27178841). Required for normal cell proliferation, cell migration, and normal formation of lamellipodia (PubMed:27178841). Plays a role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated endosome fission: localizes to endosome membrane tubules and promotes recruitment of TMCC1, leading to recruitment of the endoplasmic reticulum to endosome tubules for fission. Endosome membrane fission of early and late endosomes is essential to separate regions destined for lysosomal degradation from carriers to be recycled to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Required for normal distribution of mitochondria within cells (PubMed:27178841).
messages: The C-terminal coiled-coil domain is essential for cortical membrane localization and oligomerization.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Amtn
gene id: 10090:Amtn
uniprot id: Q9D3J8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amelotin family.
messages: Expression increases greatly with the transition from secretory to maturation-stage ameloblasts, is maintained during the maturation stage and gradually declines towards the zone of reduced ameloblasts.
messages: Is a promoter of calcium phosphate mineralization, playing a critical role in the formation of the compact, mineralized, aprismatic enamel surface layer during the maturation stage of amelogenesis.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in vitro.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed in maturation-stage ameloblasts.

10090:Ttyh2
gene id: 10090:Ttyh2
uniprot id: Q3TH73
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tweety family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Probable large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel. May play a role in Ca(2+) signal transduction. May be involved in cell proliferation and cell aggregation (By similarity).

10090:Wrn
gene id: 10090:Wrn
uniprot id: O09053
uniprot id: Q3TB25
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RecQ subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. Has high activity with manganese and zinc ions (in vitro).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed ubiquitously in most organs at a low level, highly expressed in testis, ovary and spleen.
messages: Monomer, and homooligomer. May exist as homodimer, homotrimer, homotetramer and/or homohexamer. Homotetramer, or homohexamer, when bound to DNA (By similarity). Interacts via its N-terminal domain with WRNIP1 (PubMed:11301316). Interacts with EXO1, PCNA and SUPV3L1. Interacts with PML (isoform PML-4) (By similarity). Interacts (via KBM motif) with XRCC5 and XRCC6; promoting recruitment to DNA damage sites (By similarity). Interacts with RECQL5; this interaction stimulates WRN helicase activity on DNA fork duplexes (By similarity).
messages: Multifunctional enzyme that has both magnesium and ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity and 3'->5' exonuclease activity towards double-stranded DNA with a 5'-overhang. Has no nuclease activity towards single-stranded DNA or blunt-ended double-stranded DNA. Binds preferentially to DNA substrates containing alternate secondary structures, such as replication forks and Holliday junctions. May play an important role in the dissociation of joint DNA molecules that can arise as products of homologous recombination, at stalled replication forks or during DNA repair. Alleviates stalling of DNA polymerases at the site of DNA lesions. Important for genomic integrity. Plays a role in the formation of DNA replication focal centers; stably associates with foci elements generating binding sites for RP-A (By similarity). Plays a role in double-strand break repair after gamma-irradiation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PRKDC.
messages: The KBM 2 (Ku-binding motif 2) and XLM (XLF-like motif) mediate cooperative interaction with XRCC5/Ku80 and XRCC6/Ku70 and recruitment to DNA damage sites.
messages: Zinc ions stimulate the exonuclease activity.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Spon1
gene id: 10090:Spon1
uniprot id: Q8VCC9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to the central extracellular domain of APP and inhibits beta-secretase cleavage of APP.
messages: Cell adhesion protein that promotes the attachment of spinal cord and sensory neuron cells and the outgrowth of neurites in vitro. May contribute to the growth and guidance of axons in both the spinal cord and the PNS (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Dlst
gene id: 10090:Dlst
uniprot id: Q9D2G2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase family.
messages: Binds 1 lipoyl cofactor covalently.
messages: Dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (E2) component of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (By similarity). The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO(2) (By similarity). The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex is mainly active in the mitochondrion. A fraction of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex also localizes in the nucleus and is required for lysine succinylation of histones: associates with KAT2A on chromatin and provides succinyl-CoA to histone succinyltransferase KAT2A (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex is composed of OGDH (2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase; E1), DLST (dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase; E2) and DLD (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; E3). It contains multiple copies of the three enzymatic components (E1, E2 and E3). In the nucleus, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex associates with KAT2A.

10090:Mtcl1
gene id: 10090:Mtcl1
uniprot id: Q3UHU5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SOGA family.
messages: Homodimer. Isoform 1 interacts with MARK2; the interaction increases MARK2 microtubule-binding ability. Associates (via N- and C-terminus domains) with microtubule filaments.
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Microtubule-associated factor involved in the late phase of epithelial polarization and microtubule dynamics regulation. Plays a role in the development and maintenance of non-centrosomal microtubule bundles at the lateral membrane in polarized epithelial cells.
messages: Midbody
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle pole

10090:Desi2
gene id: 10090:Desi2
uniprot id: Q8BIB9
uniprot id: Q9D291
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DeSI family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has deubiquitinating activity towards 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Deubiquitinates 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of RPS7 leading to its stabilization.
messages: Interacts with RPS7.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Rere
gene id: 10090:Rere
uniprot id: Q80TZ9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 8.25 dpc expression is strongly elevated in the anterior midline. At 8.5 dpc expression is elevated throughout the anteroposterior extent of the notochord and is down-regulated in the heart. At 8.75 dpc expression is increased in the ventral brain. At 9.5 dpc strong expression appears besides the notochord including the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), the isthmus and the ventral diencephalon. At 10.5 dpc expression increases in the notochord, the AER and spinal and brain neurons.
messages: Interacts with HDAC1 and ATN1. Interaction with ATN1 is improved when the poly-Gln region of ATN1 is extended. Interacts with FAT1 (By similarity).
messages: Mice embryos exhibit a variety of patterning defects that first appear at 8.0 dpc. Defects include a specific failure in ventralization of the anterior neural plate, loss of heart looping and irregular partitioning of somites. In mutant embryos, Shh expression fails to initiate along the anterior midline at 8.0 dpc, and Fgf8 is delocalized from the anterior neural ridge at 8.5 dpc.
messages: PML body
messages: Plays a role as a transcriptional repressor during development. May play a role in the control of cell survival.
messages: The interaction with ATN1 is mediated by the coiled domain.

10090:Arcn1
gene id: 10090:Arcn1
uniprot id: Q5XJY5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes medium subunit family. Delta-COP subfamily.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Oligomeric complex that consists of at least the alpha, beta, beta', gamma, delta, epsilon and zeta subunits.
messages: The coatomer is a cytosolic protein complex that binds to dilysine motifs and reversibly associates with Golgi non-clathrin-coated vesicles, which further mediate biosynthetic protein transport from the ER, via the Golgi up to the trans Golgi network. Coatomer complex is required for budding from Golgi membranes, and is essential for the retrograde Golgi-to-ER transport of dilysine-tagged proteins. In mammals, the coatomer can only be recruited by membranes associated to ADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), which are small GTP-binding proteins; the complex also influences the Golgi structural integrity, as well as the processing, activity, and endocytic recycling of LDL receptors (By similarity).

10090:Dgkk
gene id: 10090:Dgkk
uniprot id: Q6DIC8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic diacylglycerol kinase family.

10090:Mars1
gene id: 10090:Mars1
uniprot id: E9QB02
uniprot id: Q68FL6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. Plays a role in the synthesis of ribosomal RNA in the nucleolus.
messages: Monomer. Part of a multisubunit complex that groups tRNA ligases for Arg (RARS1), Asp (DARS1), Gln (QARS1), Ile (IARS1), Leu (LARS1), Lys (KARS1), Met (MARS1) the bifunctional ligase for Glu and Pro (EPRS1) and the auxiliary subunits AIMP1/p43, AIMP2/p38 and EEF1E1/p18. Forms a linear complex that contains MARS1, EEF1E1, EPRS1 and AIMP2 that is at the core of the multisubunit complex.
messages: cytosol
messages: nucleolus

10090:Arhgef38
gene id: 10090:Arhgef38
uniprot id: Q80VK6
names: Function
messages: May act as a guanine-nucleotide releasing factor.

10090:Prkcg
gene id: 10090:Prkcg
uniprot id: P63318
uniprot id: Q2NKI4
uniprot id: Q3UN66
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylation on Thr-674 appears to regulate motor functions of junctophilins, JPH3 and JPH4.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domain.
messages: Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays diverse roles in neuronal cells and eye tissues, such as regulation of the neuronal receptors GRIA4/GLUR4 and GRIN1/NMDAR1, modulation of receptors and neuronal functions related to sensitivity to opiates, pain and alcohol, mediation of synaptic function and cell survival after ischemia, and inhibition of gap junction activity after oxidative stress. Binds and phosphorylates GRIA4/GLUR4 glutamate receptor and regulates its function by increasing plasma membrane-associated GRIA4 expression. In primary cerebellar neurons treated with the agonist 3,5-dihyidroxyphenylglycine, functions downstream of the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5/MGLUR5 and phosphorylates GRIN1/NMDAR1 receptor which plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning. May be involved in the regulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), but may be not necessary for the process of synaptic plasticity. May be involved in desensitization of mu-type opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation in the spinal cord, and may be critical for the development and/or maintenance of morphine-induced reinforcing effects in the limbic forebrain. May modulate the functionality of mu-type-opioid receptors by participating in a signaling pathway which leads to the phosphorylation and degradation of opioid receptors. May also contribute to chronic morphine-induced changes in nociceptive processing. Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms and contributes to the maintenance of the allodynia pain produced by peripheral inflammation. Plays an important role in initial sensitivity and tolerance to ethanol, by mediating the behavioral effects of ethanol as well as the effects of this drug on the GABA(A) receptors. During and after cerebral ischemia modulate neurotransmission and cell survival in synaptic membranes, and is involved in insulin-i…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Classical (or conventional) PKCs (PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCG) are activated by calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the presence of phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-514 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Thr-655 (turn motif) and Thr-674 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex and hippocampus (at protein level). Highly expressed in Purkinje cells.
messages: Interacts with CDCP1 and GRIA4 (By similarity). Interacts with TP53INP1 and p53/TP53 (By similarity). Interacts with BMAL1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice exhibit impaired motor coordination due to the inability to eliminate multiple climbing fibers during innervation of Purkinje cells. 40% of Purkinje cells are still innervated by multiple climbing fibers. Exhibit food-anticipatory activity comparable to that of wild type mice but they do not reduce their late night activity or adapt their food intake amount to restricted feeding as efficiently as wild type mice.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: dendrite
messages: perinuclear region
messages: synaptosome

10090:Anxa3
gene id: 10090:Anxa3
uniprot id: O35639
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Inhibitor of phospholipase A2, also possesses anti-coagulant properties.

10090:Ly6m
gene id: 10090:Ly6m
uniprot id: Q9CQ11
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zcchc9
gene id: 10090:Zcchc9
uniprot id: Q8R1J3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in brain cortex and in testis.
messages: May down-regulate transcription mediated by NF-kappa-B and the serum response element.
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Myo9a
gene id: 10090:Myo9a
uniprot id: D3Z3A8
uniprot id: Q8C170
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in whole embryos at 7, 11, 15 and 17 dpc. Also present in limb buds from 13.5 dpc. At 16.5 dpc, it is expressed throughout the developing nervous system, eye, inner ear, kidney, thyroid gland and teeth.
messages: Expressed in the eye, lung, liver, brain, heart, kidney, skeletal muscle and spleen. No detection was found in liver. In the brain, expressed in the ependymal cells of the third ventricle and the aqueduct (PubMed:19828736).
messages: Knockout mice display retarded growth, a dome-shaped skull, and develop severe hydrocephalus with stenosis and closure of the ventral caudal third ventricle and the aqueduct.
messages: Membrane
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Regulates Rho by stimulating it's GTPase activity in neurons. Required for the regulation of neurite branching and motor neuron axon guidance (PubMed:27259756).
messages: Phosphorylated by ALPK1 following monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU)-induced inflammation.
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-9 (MYH9).
messages: Synapse
messages: growth cone

10090:Nkx6-1
gene id: 10090:Nkx6-1
uniprot id: Q99MA9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Embryonic development of mutant mice is normal until 13.5 dpc. At this stage, the normal expansion of pancreatic beta cells does not occur. At 18.5 dpc, the numbers of beta cells is dramatically decreased and the pancreatic insulin content is only 2% of wild-type. No effect on the production of other pancreatic hormones, including glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) (PubMed:11076772). Simultaneous knockout of NKX6-1 and NKX2-2 results in the complete absence of insulin-expressing cells in the pancreas throughout development, and instead accumulation of incompletely differentiated beta cells, a phenotype not distinguable from the single NKX2-2 knockout (PubMed:11076772).
messages: Expressed by neuronal progenitor cells in discrete domains of the ventral neural tube (PubMed:10830170). In the pancreas, expressed exclusively in insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans (at protein level) (PubMed:11076772).
messages: In the developing pancreas, detected as early as 10.5 dpc in the majority of epithelial cells. This broad expression pattern persists through 12.5 dpc. Around 13.5 dpc, with the start of the secondary transition, becomes restricted and by 15.5 dpc, exclusively detected in insulin-expressing beta cells and in some scattered ductal and periductal cells (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain contributes to sequence-specific DNA-binding.
messages: Transcription factor which binds to specific A/T-rich DNA sequences in the promoter regions of a number of genes. Required for the development of insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of Langerhans at the secondary transition (PubMed:11076772). Involved in transcriptional regulation of the insulin gene. Together with NKX2-2 and IRX3, restricts the generation of motor neurons to the appropriate region of the neural tube. Belongs to the class II proteins of neuronal progenitor factors, which are induced by SHH signals.

10090:Sult6b2
gene id: 10090:Sult6b2
uniprot id: B7ZWN4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Ost4
gene id: 10090:Ost4
uniprot id: Q99LX8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the OST4 family.
messages: Component of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex (By similarity). OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits (By similarity). STT3A complex assembly occurs through the formation of 3 subcomplexes. Subcomplex 1 contains RPN1 and TMEM258, subcomplex 2 contains the STT3A-specific subunits STT3A, DC2/OSTC, and KCP2 as well as the core subunit OST4, and subcomplex 3 contains RPN2, DAD1, and OST48. The STT3A complex can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex that catalyzes the initial transfer of a defined glycan (Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2) in eukaryotes) from the lipid carrier dolichol-pyrophosphate to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains, the first step in protein N-glycosylation. N-glycosylation occurs cotranslationally and the complex associates with the Sec61 complex at the channel-forming translocon complex that mediates protein translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). All subunits are required for a maximal enzyme activity. Specifically involved in maintaining stability of STT3A-containing OST complexes.

10090:Olfr873
gene id: 10090:Olfr873
uniprot id: Q8VFJ0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hs3st4
gene id: 10090:Hs3st4
uniprot id: D3YVV6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Mertk
gene id: 10090:Mertk
uniprot id: Q60805
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on Tyr-744, Tyr-748 and Tyr-749 in the activation loop allowing full activity (By similarity). Autophosphorylated on Tyr-867 leading to recruitment of downstream partners of the signaling cascade such as PLCG2.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. AXL/UFO subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed during most, if not all, stages of embryological development beginning in the morula and blastocyst and progressing through the yolk sac and fetal liver stages.
messages: Expressed predominantly in the hematopoietic lineages: macrophages, NK cells, NKT cells, dendritic cells and platelets.
messages: Interacts (upon activation) with TNK2; stimulates TNK2 autophosphorylation. Interacts (via N-terminus) with extracellular ligands LGALS3, TUB, TULP1 and GAS6. Interacts with VAV1 in a phosphotyrosine-independent manner. Interacts with TIMD4; this interaction enhances TIMD4-mediated efferocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces signals from the extracellular matrix into the cytoplasm by binding to several ligands including LGALS3, TUB, TULP1 or GAS6. Regulates many physiological processes including cell survival, migration, differentiation, and phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis). Ligand binding at the cell surface induces autophosphorylation of MERTK on its intracellular domain that provides docking sites for downstream signaling molecules. Following activation by ligand, interacts with GRB2 or PLCG2 and induces phosphorylation of MAPK1, MAPK2, FAK/PTK2 or RAC1. MERTK signaling plays a role in various processes such as macrophage clearance of apoptotic cells, platelet aggregation, cytoskeleton reorganization and engulfment. Functions in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as a regulator of rod outer segments fragments phagocytosis. Also plays an important role in inhibition of Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated innate immune response by activating STAT1, which selectively induces production of suppressors of cytokine signaling SOCS1 and SOCS3.
messages: knockout mice are fertile, but male animals that lack all three receptors TYRO3, AXL and MERTK produce no mature sperm.

10090:Exosc6
gene id: 10090:Exosc6
uniprot id: Q8BTW3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase PH family.
messages: Component of the RNA exosome complex. Specifically part of the catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex which is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. Exo-9 is formed by a hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits specifically containing the heterodimers EXOSC4-EXOSC9, EXOSC5-EXOSC8 and EXOSC6-EXOSC7, and peripheral S1 domain-containing components EXOSC1, EXOSC2 and EXOSC3 located on the top of the ring structure (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Pdp2
gene id: 10090:Pdp2
uniprot id: Q504M2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.

10090:Ndufa13
gene id: 10090:Ndufa13
uniprot id: Q9ERS2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone. Involved in the interferon/all-trans-retinoic acid (IFN/RA) induced cell death. This apoptotic activity is inhibited by interaction with viral IRF1. Prevents the transactivation of STAT3 target genes. May play a role in CARD15-mediated innate mucosal responses and serve to regulate intestinal epithelial cell responses to microbes.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA13 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits. Interacts with CARD15, but not with CARD4. Interacts with STAT3, but not with STAT1, STAT2 and STAT5A. Interacts with OLFM4.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ltn1
gene id: 10090:Ltn1
uniprot id: Q6A009
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the LTN1 family.
messages: Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), composed of at least the E3 ubiquitin ligase LTN1 and NEMF associated with the 60S ribosomal subunit. The complex probably also contains TCF25 as well as VCP/p97 and its ubiquitin-binding cofactors.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (PubMed:19196968). Component of the ribosome quality control complex (RQC), a ribosome-associated complex that mediates ubiquitination and extraction of incompletely synthesized nascent chains for proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitination leads to Vcp/p97 recruitment for extraction and degradation of the incomplete translation product (By similarity).
messages: Embryonic lethality. Mice with a milder mutant caused by an internal in-frame deletion of exon 11, producing a 14-amino acid deletion prior to the RING-type zinc finger, display profound early-onset and progressive neurological and motor dysfunction.
messages: Was named listerin because of the 'tilting' or 'listing' phenotype observed in mutant mice.
messages: Widely expressed, including in the brain and spinal cord.
messages: cytosol

10090:Grb2
gene id: 10090:Grb2
uniprot id: Q3U1Q4
uniprot id: Q3U5I5
uniprot id: Q60631
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that provides a critical link between cell surface growth factor receptors and the Ras signaling pathway.
messages: Associates (via SH2 domain) with activated EGF and PDGF receptors (tyrosine phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with PDGFRA (tyrosine phosphorylated); the interaction may be indirect (PubMed:8943348). Interacts with IRS4 (when Tyr-phosphorylated) (PubMed:11113178). Also associates to other cellular Tyr-phosphorylated proteins such as SIT1, IRS1, SHC and LNK; probably via the concerted action of both its SH2 and SH3 domains (By similarity). It also seems to interact with RAS in the signaling pathway leading to DNA synthesis. Interacts with SOS1 (By similarity). Forms a complex with MUC1 and SOS1, through interaction of the SH3 domains with SOS1 and the SH2 domain with phosphorylated MUC1 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated MET (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated TOM1L1 (PubMed:11711534). Interacts with the phosphorylated C-terminus of SH2B2 (By similarity). Interacts with phosphorylated SIT1, LAX1, LAT, LAT2 and LIME1 upon TCR and/or BCR activation (By similarity) (PubMed:16249387, PubMed:14610044, PubMed:15477350, PubMed:15477348, PubMed:22561606). Interacts with NISCH, PTPNS1 and REPS2 (By similarity). Interacts with syntrophin SNTA1 (PubMed:11551227). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with REPS1 (PubMed:9395447). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with PIK3C2B (By similarity). Interacts with CBL and CBLB (By similarity). Interacts with AJUBA and CLNK (PubMed:10330178, PubMed:11463797). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with TEK/TIE2 (tyrosine phosphorylated) (PubMed:10521483). Interacts with SHB, INPP5D/SHIP1, SKAP1 and SKAP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PTPN11 (PubMed:8943348). Interacts with PRNP (PubMed:11571277). Interacts with RALGPS1 (By similarity). Interacts also with HCST (PubMed:16582911). Interacts with KDR (PubMed:16966330). Interacts with FLT1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated) (PubMed:9722576). Interacts with GAPT and PTPRE (By similarity). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with KIF26A (By similarity). Interacts (via SH3 2) with GAB2 (PubMed:10068651). I…
messages: Belongs to the GRB2/sem-5/DRK family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Does not bind to phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) but inhibits EGF-induced transactivation of a RAS-responsive element. Acts as a dominant negative protein over GRB2 and by suppressing proliferative signals, may trigger active programmed cell death.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in macrophages.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SH3 domains mediate interaction with RALGPS1 and SHB.

10090:Olfr118
gene id: 10090:Olfr118
uniprot id: Q7TRJ6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ak6
gene id: 10090:Ak6
uniprot id: Q8VCP8
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: AK6 and TAF9 were initially considered as products of the same gene since they share two exons. However, they are translated from different initiation codons and reading frames and encode unrelated proteins. This arrangement is conserved in some mammalian species.
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK6 subfamily.
messages: Broad-specificity nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) kinase that catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between nucleoside triphosphates and monophosphates. May have a role in nuclear energy homeostasis. Has also ATPase activity. May be involved in regulation of Cajal body (CB) formation.
messages: Cajal body
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with COIL (via C-terminus).
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Fam71e1
gene id: 10090:Fam71e1
uniprot id: A1L3C1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GARIN family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with RAB2B (in GTP-bound form).
messages: RAB2B effector protein which promotes cytosolic DNA-induced innate immune responses. Regulates IFN responses against DNA viruses by regulating the CGAS-STING signaling axis.

10090:Nars
gene id: 10090:Nars
uniprot id: Q8BP47
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of asparagine to tRNA(Asn) in a two-step reaction: asparagine is first activated by ATP to form Asn-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Asn). In addition to its essential role in protein synthesis, acts as a signaling molecule that induced migration of CCR3-expressing cells. Has an essential role in the development of the cerebral cortex, being required for proper proliferation of radial glial cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: The N-terminal domain (1-77) recruits and activates specific immune cells by interacting with CCR3-expressing cells.

10090:Dnajc5b
gene id: 10090:Dnajc5b
uniprot id: Q9CQ94
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with the chaperone complex consisting of HSC70 and SGTA.
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated.

10090:Cdc23
gene id: 10090:Cdc23
uniprot id: Q8BGZ4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APC8/CDC23 family.
messages: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Thr-562 occurs specifically during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5. Interacts with FBXO43; the ineraction is direct.

10090:Ddr2
gene id: 10090:Ddr2
uniprot id: Q62371
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to PubMed:18483174 Ddr2 is required for male and female fertility, since smallie mice with a 150 kb deletion that extends into the Ddr2 gene are sterile. Smallie males have defects in spermatogenesis (PubMed:19681157). On the other hand, the fertility status of mice with a targeted disruption of the Ddr2 gene has not been mentioned (PubMed:11375938). Thus, the infertility of smallie mice may be due to some additional, not yet identified defect.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Binds hydroxyproline-rich sequence motifs in fibrillar, glycosylated collagen, such as the GQOGVMGFO motif, where O stands for hydroxyproline. Interacts with SRC. Interacts (tyrosine phosphorylated) with SHC1.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Ddr2 are the cause of the smallie (sli) phenotype. Smallie mice show distinct dwarfing, with reduced body mass and reduced bone mineral content. Mice also have mild craniofacial deformities, such as protuberant eyes and snub noses. Smallie mice have a reduced life span, with about half of them dying within 6 months. Matings between male and female smallie mice do not yield any offspring. The levels of circulating steroid hormones remain at a level corresponding to prepubertal wild-type mice. Adult testes exhibit much reduced numbers of spermatids with atrophy of spermatogonia, Sertoli and Leydig cells. Ovaries show an absence of corpora lutea.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but fail to thrive, resulting in much reduced adult body weight and dwarfing. They exhibit shortening of long bones, irregular growth of flat bones and a shortened snout. Young mice show shortened growth plates in long bones and impaired chondrocyte proliferation. Likewise, cultured fibroblasts from mutant mice show reduced proliferation.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Present in an inactive state in the absence of collagen binding and phosphorylation by SRC. Tyrosine phosphorylation enhances the affinity for ATP and the catalytic activity.
messages: Tyrosine kinase that functions as cell surface receptor for fibrillar collagen and regulates cell differentiation, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, cell migration and cell proliferation. Required for normal bone development. Regulates osteoblast differentiation and chondrocyte maturation via a signaling pathway that involves MAP kinases and leads to the activation of the transcription factor RUNX2. Regulates remodeling of the extracellular matrix by up-regulation of the collagenases MMP1, MMP2 and MMP13, and thereby facilitates cell migration and tumor cell invasion. Promotes fibroblast migration and proliferation, and thereby contributes to cutaneous wound healing.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to collagen binding. Phosphorylated by SRC; this is required for activation and subsequent autophosphorylation on additional tyrosine residues (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated during osteoblast differentiation (in vitro). Up-regulated in cartilage from mice with osteoarthritis.
messages: Widely expressed. Detected in lung, ovary, skin and in testis Leydig cells (at protein level). Widely expressed. Detected at high levels in heart, lung, skeletal muscle, central nervous system (CNS) and kidney, and at lower levels in brain and testis. Detected in chondrocytes in tibia growth plates of young mice.

10090:Ebf2
gene id: 10090:Ebf2
uniprot id: O08792
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the COE family.
messages: First detected at 9.0 dpc in the first and second archial arches. At 10.0 dpc and 10.5 dpc, expressed in somites, especially the forming sclerotomes. At 12.5 dpc, found in dorsal root ganglia. At 16.5 dpc, expressed in bone-forming areas and adipose tissues, as well as in specific neural tissues. In bone-forming areas, expressed along the mesenchymal condensation at 14.5 dpc, in the perichondrium and in cells invading the cartilagenous structures at 16.5 dpc. In 18.5 dpc tibias, scattered throughout the trabecular/cancellous bone area. In vitro, expression is induced during differentiation of immature osteoblasts, and then declines.
messages: Forms either a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related family member (PubMed:9151732). Interacts with SIX1 (PubMed:27923061).
messages: In adult expressed in olfactory epithelium and at a much lower level in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In embryo expressed in epithalamus, in cells near the ventricular zone of mesencephalon and on the ventral surface of rhombencephalon, in the developing vomeronasal organ, at a lower level in developing spinal cord. Not expressed in developing retina, inner ear, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia and glossopharyngeal ganglia.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that, in osteoblasts, activates the decoy receptor for RANKL, TNFRSF11B, which in turn regulates osteoclast differentiation. Acts in synergy with the Wnt-responsive LEF1/CTNNB1 pathway. Recognizes variations of the palindromic sequence 5'-ATTCCCNNGGGAATT-3'.

10090:Pfkfb1
gene id: 10090:Pfkfb1
uniprot id: A2AFM9
uniprot id: P70266
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the phosphoglycerate mutase family.
messages: Liver.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-33 inhibits the kinase and activates the bisphosphatase.
messages: Synthesis and degradation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate.

10090:Fam220a
gene id: 10090:Fam220a
uniprot id: Q3ZN08
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Interacts with STAT3.
messages: May negatively regulate STAT3.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm20747
gene id: 10090:Gm20747
uniprot id: Q5FWB5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Olfr1153
gene id: 10090:Olfr1153
uniprot id: A2AVC0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Chst11
gene id: 10090:Chst11
uniprot id: B7ZMT9
uniprot id: B9EHC3
uniprot id: Q9JME2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 2 family.
messages: By BMP2, suggesting it is a target of BMP signaling.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of sulfate to position 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residue of chondroitin. Chondroitin sulfate constitutes the predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage and is distributed on the surfaces of many cells and extracellular matrices. Can also sulfate Gal residues in desulfated dermatan sulfate. Preferentially sulfates in GlcA->GalNAc unit than in IdoA->GalNAc unit. Does not form 4, 6-di-O-sulfated GalNAc when chondroitin sulfate C is used as an acceptor.
messages: First expressed at day 9.75 of embryogenesis in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) of the developing limb buds and at the edges of branchial arches 1 and 2. Also expressed in the ventral neural tube, notochord and sympathetic ganglia and the mesonephric tubules of the developing kidneys. In the heart, it is expressed in the myocardium of the atrium and in the endocardial cushions of both the developing inflow tract and the atrioventricular valves. At day 15, it is expressed in the cartilage of developing bones, in vertebrae and cartilage of the trachea as well as in the thymus. In the forelimb, it is expressed in all developing bones, but absent from developing joint regions and was down-regulated in chondrocytes beginning to undergo mineralization, such as in the center of the ulna. At day 15, no expression in the neural tube is observed. In the heart at day 15, it is still expressed in the atrial valve, the atrioventricular valves and in the myocardium of the atrium, while in the kidney, it is expressed in the collecting tubules as well as in Bowman capsule. Interestingly, the liver displays a punctate expression at day 15. Also expressed in tooth primordia, hair follicles and mammary glands.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated; required for activity and stability.
messages: Predominantly expressed in brain and kidney. Also expressed at weaker level in heart, spleen and lung. Expressed in developing chondrocytes.

10090:Krt32
gene id: 10090:Krt32
uniprot id: B1ATJ5
uniprot id: Q62168
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cuticle of the hair shaft.
messages: There are two types of hair/microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic).

10090:Tdpoz4
gene id: 10090:Tdpoz4
uniprot id: Q6YCH2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.
messages: Strongly expressed in 2-cell embryos. No expression detected in other embryonic stages or in adult testis.

10090:Naaladl1
gene id: 10090:Naaladl1
uniprot id: Q7M758
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Aminopeptidase with broad substrate specificity. Has lower activity with substrates that have Asp or Glu in the P2' position, or Pro in the P3' position. Lacks activity with substrates that have both Pro in the P3' position and Asp or Glu in the P2' position. Lacks carboxypeptidase activity. Lacks dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity.
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M28 family. M28B subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Vmn1r26
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r26
uniprot id: Q8R2D7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Smad2
gene id: 10090:Smad2
uniprot id: Q62432
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys-19 by coactivators in response to TGF-beta signaling, which increases transcriptional activity.
messages: Belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In response to TGF-beta, phosphorylated on the C-terminal SXS motif by TGF-beta and activin type 1 receptor kinases, phosphorylation declines progressively in a KMT5A-dependent manner. Phosphorylation in this motif is required for interaction with a number of proteins including SMURF2, SNON and SMAD4 in response to TGF-beta. Dephosphorylated in this motif by PPM1A leading to disruption of the SMAD2/3-SMAD4 complex, nuclear export and termination of the TGF-beta signaling. In response to decorin, the naturally occurring inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling, phosphorylated on Ser-240 by CaMK2. Phosphorylated by MAPK3 upon EGF stimulation; which increases transcriptional activity and stability, and is blocked by calmodulin. Phosphorylated by PDPK1.
messages: In response to TGF-beta, ubiquitinated by NEDD4L; which promotes its degradation. Monoubiquitinated, leading to prevent DNA-binding (PubMed:15496141). Deubiquitination by USP15 alleviates inhibition and promotes activation of TGF-beta target genes (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by RNF111, leading to its degradation: only SMAD2 proteins that are 'in use' are targeted by RNF111, RNF111 playing a key role in activating SMAD2 and regulating its turnover (PubMed:17341133).
messages: Monomer; in the absence of TGF-beta (By similarity). Heterodimer; in the presence of TGF-beta (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with co-SMAD, SMAD4, in the nucleus to form the transactivation complex SMAD2/SMAD4 (PubMed:21145499). Found in a complex with SMAD3 and TRIM33 upon addition of TGF-beta (By similarity). Identified in a complex that contains at least ZNF451, SMAD2, SMAD3 and SMAD4 (By similarity). Interacts (via the MH2 domain) with ZFYVE9; may form trimers with the SMAD4 co-SMAD (PubMed:15356634). Interacts with TAZ/WWRT1 (By similarity). Interacts with FOXH1 (By similarity). Interacts with SNW1 (By similarity). Interacts with CREB-binding protein (CBP) and EP300 (By similarity). Interacts with SNON (By similarity). Interacts with ALK4/ACVR1B (By similarity). Interacts with SKOR1 (By similarity). Interacts with SKOR2 (By similarity). Interacts with PRDM16 (By similarity). Interacts (via MH2 domain) with LEMD3 (By similarity). Interacts with RBPMS (By similarity). Interacts with WWP1. Interacts (dephosphorylated form, via the MH1 and MH2 domains) with RANBP3 (via its C-terminal R domain); the interaction results in the export of dephosphorylated SMAD3 out of the nucleus and termination of the TGF-beta signaling (By similarity). Interacts with PDPK1 (via PH domain) (By similarity). Interacts with DAB2; the interactions are enhanced upon TGF-beta stimulation (By similarity). Interacts with USP15 (By similarity). Interacts with PPP5C (PubMed:22781750). Interacts with LDLRAD4 (via the SMAD interaction motif) (By similarity). Interacts (via MH2 domain) with PMEPA1 (via the SMAD interaction motif) (By similarity). Interacts with ZFHX3 (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF451 (By similarity). Interacts with SMURF2 when phosphorylated on Ser-465/467 (By similarity). Interacts with PPM1A (By similarity). Interacts with TGF-beta (By similarity). Interacts with TGFBR1 (By similarity). Interacts with TGIF (By similarity). Interacts with SMAD3 and TRIM33 (By similarity…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Receptor-regulated SMAD (R-SMAD) that is an intracellular signal transducer and transcriptional modulator activated by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor) and activin type 1 receptor kinases. Binds the TRE element in the promoter region of many genes that are regulated by TGF-beta and, on formation of the SMAD2/SMAD4 complex, activates transcription. May act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinoma. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator (By similarity).

10090:Cdc25a
gene id: 10090:Cdc25a
uniprot id: P48964
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MPI phosphatase family.
messages: First detected at the blastocyst stage.
messages: Interacts with CCNB1/cyclin B1. Interacts with YWHAE/14-3-3 epsilon when phosphorylated. Interacts with CUL1 specifically when CUL1 is neddylated and active. Interacts with BTRC/BTRCP1 and FBXW11/BTRCP2. Interactions with CUL1, BTRC and FBXW11 are enhanced upon DNA damage. Interacts with PIM1. Interacts with CHEK2; mediates CDC25A phosphorylation and degradation in response to infrared-induced DNA damages (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AB1; prevents heat shock-mediated CDC25A degradation and contributes to cell cycle progression (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by CHEK1 on Ser-75, Ser-123, Ser-172, Ser-271, Ser-284 and Thr-497 during checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest. Also phosphorylated by CHEK2 on Ser-123, Ser-271, and Ser-284 during checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest. Phosphorylation on Ser-172 and Thr-497 creates binding sites for YWHAE/14-3-3 epsilon which inhibits CDC25A. Phosphorylation on Ser-75, Ser-123, Ser-172, Ser-271 and Ser-284 may also promote ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of CDC25A by the SCF complex. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at Ser-75 by CHEK1 primes it for subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-75, Ser-81 and Ser-87 by NEK11. Phosphorylation by NEK11 is required for BTRC-mediated polyubiquitination and degradation. Phosphorylation by PIM1 leads to an increase in phosphatase activity. Phosphorylated by PLK3 following DNA damage, leading to promote its ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity).
messages: Stimulated by B-type cyclins. Stimulated by PIM1-mediated phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: The phosphodegron motif mediates interaction with specific F-box proteins when phosphorylated. Putative phosphorylation sites at Ser-78 and Ser-81 appear to be essential for this interaction (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine protein phosphatase which functions as a dosage-dependent inducer of mitotic progression. Directly dephosphorylates CDK1 and stimulates its kinase activity. Also dephosphorylates CDK2 in complex with cyclin E, in vitro (By similarity). Phosphorylation by PIM1 leads to an increase in phosphatase activity (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase complex that contains FZR1/CDH1 during G1 phase leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitinated by a SCF complex containing BTRC and FBXW11 during S phase leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Deubiquitination by USP17L2/DUB3 leads to its stabilization (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in most developing tissue. High levels in the testis and lower levels in the ovary, particularly in germ cells. Lower levels also in kidney, liver, heart and muscle.

10090:Polr3d
gene id: 10090:Polr3d
uniprot id: Q91WD1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPC4/POLR3D RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. Interacts with POLR3E/RPC5 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bcas2
gene id: 10090:Bcas2
uniprot id: Q9D287
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPF27 family.
messages: Component of the pre-catalytic and catalytic spliceosome complexes. Component of the postcatalytic spliceosome P complex. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L splicing complex composed of a core complex comprising a homotetramer of PRPF19, CDC5L, PLRG1 and BCAS2, and at least three less stably associated proteins CTNNBL1, CWC15 and HSPA8. Interacts directly in the complex with PRPF19, CDC5L and PLRG1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the activated spliceosome. Component of the PRP19-CDC5L complex that forms an integral part of the spliceosome and is required for activating pre-mRNA splicing. May have a scaffolding role in the spliceosome assembly as it contacts all other components of the core complex. The PRP19-CDC5L complex may also play a role in the response to DNA damage (DDR).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Pgk2
gene id: 10090:Pgk2
uniprot id: P09041
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phosphoglycerate kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for sperm motility and male fertility but is not required for the completion of spermatogenesis (PubMed:19759366).
messages: Mice display greatly reduced ATP levels in sperm, severely impaired sperm motility and are infertile. No alteration in testis histology, sperm counts, or sperm ultrastructure seen.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Testis and sperm. Localized on the principle piece in the sperm (at protein level). Testis-specific.

10090:Ceacam15
gene id: 10090:Ceacam15
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1L0
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEA family.
messages: Detected in placenta.

10090:Bdp1
gene id: 10090:Bdp1
uniprot id: Q571C7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of TFIIIB complex. The TFIIIB complex has two activities, alpha and beta. The TFIIIB-alpha and TFIIIB-beta activities are required for transcription of genes with TFIIIC-bound internal promoters and PSE transcription factor-bound external promoters, respectively. The TFIIIB-alpha activity complex is composed of TBP, BDP1, and a complex containing both BRF2 and at least four stably associated proteins; YY1 facilitates the formation of TFIIIB-alpha activity complex. The TFIIIB-beta activity complex is composed of TBP, BDP1, and BRF1. Interacts with BRF1; this interaction diminishes during mitosis resulting in the release of BDP1 from chromosomal templates. Component of TFIIIC complex. The TFIIIC complex has two activities, C1 and C2. The TFIIIC2 activity complex is only required for transcription of the 'classical' pol III genes whereas the TFIIIC1 activity complex is required for transcription of all pol III genes. The TFIIIC1 activity complex is composed at least of BDP1. Interacts with ZBTB43 (By similarity).
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Expressed in the cochlea, particularly in the spiral ligament, the capillaries of the stria vascularis and the basilar membrane.
messages: General activator of RNA polymerase III transcription. Requires for transcription from all three types of polymerase III promoters. Requires for transcription of genes with internal promoter elements and with promoter elements upstream of the initiation site (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CSNK2A1 during mitosis, resulting in its release from chromatin and suppression of polymerase III transcription.

10090:Sgk2
gene id: 10090:Sgk2
uniprot id: Q3UW73
uniprot id: Q9QZS5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Ser-356 by an unknown kinase (may be mTORC2 but not confirmed), transforming it into a substrate for PDPK1 which then phosphorylates it on Thr-193.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Not regulated by serum or glucocorticoids.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of ion channels, membrane transporters, cell growth, survival and proliferation. Up-regulates Na(+) channels: SCNN1A/ENAC, K(+) channels: KCNA3/Kv1.3, KCNE1 and KCNQ1, amino acid transporter: SLC6A19, glutamate transporter: SLC1A6/EAAT4, glutamate receptors: GRIA1/GLUR1 and GRIK2/GLUR6, Na(+)/H(+) exchanger: SLC9A3/NHE3, and the Na(+)/K(+) ATPase.
messages: Two specific sites, one in the kinase domain (Thr-193) and the other in the C-terminal regulatory region (Ser-356), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.

10090:Myt1
gene id: 10090:Myt1
uniprot id: B0R0C1
uniprot id: Q8CFC2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MYT1 family.
messages: Binds to the promoter region of genes encoding proteolipid proteins of the central nervous system. May play a role in the development of neurons and oligodendroglia in the CNS. May regulate a critical transition point in oligodendrocyte lineage development by modulating oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation relative to terminal differentiation and up-regulation of myelin gene transcription (By similarity).
messages: Contains 7 zinc fingers of the C2HC class arranged in two widely separated clusters. These two domains of DNA binding can function independently and recognize the same DNA sequence.
messages: Interacts with STEAP3.
messages: Isoform 1 is detected in the earliest born neurons. At 9.5 dpc it is detected in the ventrolateral part of the spinal cord, which later become motor neurons and is also detected in the dispersed cells of the alar plate interneurons. During spinal cord development, the expression is highest in the latest born neurons (the subventricular zone). Detected in the early differentiated neurons within the neuroepithelium and the neural crest cells at 9.5 dpc. At 12.5 dpc, detected in the differentiated neurons within the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. In these neurons, the expression level is highest in the latest born neurons and is also detected in the differentiated neurons of the sensory organs and the peripheral ganglia.
messages: Isoform 1 is more predominant than isoform 2 at all stages of development and adulthood. Expressed in differentiated neurons especially at higher levels in newly generated ones.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nkx2-9
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-9
uniprot id: O70584
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possible role in the specification of a distinct subset of neurons.
messages: Prominent expression in ventral brain and neural tube structures.

10090:Dsg4
gene id: 10090:Dsg4
uniprot id: Q7TMD7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. Coordinates the transition from proliferation to differentiation in hair follicle keratinocytes.
messages: Defects in Dsg4 are the cause of an autosomal recessive phenotype lanceolate hair (lah). Lah mice pups develop only a few short hairs on the head and neck which form a lance head at the tip and disappear within a few month. They have thickened skin and do not exhibit any growth retardation.
messages: Expressed in embryo at 7 to 17 dpc.
messages: Strongly expressed in the skin; during the anagen stage of hair follicles in the matrix, precortex and inner rooth sheath.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Gm5938
gene id: 10090:Gm5938
uniprot id: A2AEN9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Myof
gene id: 10090:Myof
uniprot id: A0A286YDF5
uniprot id: Q69ZN7
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ferlin family.
messages: Binds Ca(2+). The ions are bound to the C2 1 domain.
messages: Calcium/phospholipid-binding protein that plays a role in the plasmalemma repair mechanism of endothelial cells that permits rapid resealing of membranes disrupted by mechanical stress. Involved in endocytic recycling. Implicated in VEGF signal transduction by regulating the levels of the receptor KDR.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in myoblasts (at protein level). Expressed in endothelial cells.
messages: Interacts with EHD1 (PubMed:21177873). Interacts with EHD2; the interaction is direct (PubMed:21177873). Interacts with DNM2 and KDR (PubMed:21177873). Interacts with RIPOR2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Myof display fewer large multinucleated myotubes and are impaired in their ability to regenerate skeletal muscle after injury. They display a defective membrane repair in endothelial cells. They show also a delayed endocytic recycling.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: The C2 1 domain associates with lipid membranes in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: Up-regulated during myotube formation.

10090:Hoatz
gene id: 10090:Hoatz
uniprot id: Q80Y73
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HOATZ family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected as early as postnatal day 15 (P15), and then continually increased during the first 45 days.
messages: Male mice exhibit severe defects in spermatogenesis, leading to infertility and varying degrees of hydrocephalus. The epididymal ependymal cilia frequently show disorganized axonemes, reducing motility. Mutant testis shown lack of fully developed flagella in the lumen of the seminiferous tubules; the mutant spermatids elongate but do not maintain the axoneme, leading to severe destruction of the flagella. In contrast, the ultrastructures of motile cilia in the tracheal epithelia are intact. The deficient mice do not display laterality defects, polydactyly, polycystic kidney, or other notable abdominal organ abnormalities indicating that the nodal and primary cilia were unaffected.
messages: Named Hoatz according to the Hydrocephalus and Oligo-Astheno-Terato-Zoospermia phenotype of Hoatz knockout mice.
messages: Required for motile ciliogenesis and flagellar genesis by mediating the maturation of the glycolytic enzyme ENO4.
messages: Specifically expressed in tissues with motile cilia and flagella, such as brain ependyma, lung, testis, and oviduct but not in whole brain, liver,kidney, spleen, and eyeball.
messages: cilium

10090:Ftcd
gene id: 10090:Ftcd
uniprot id: Q91XD4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds and promotes bundling of vimentin filaments originating from the Golgi.
messages: Folate-dependent enzyme, that displays both transferase and deaminase activity. Serves to channel one-carbon units from formiminoglutamate to the folate pool (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homooctamer, including four polyglutamate binding sites. The subunits are arranged as a tetramer of dimers, and form a planar ring-shaped structure (By similarity).
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the cyclodeaminase/cyclohydrolase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the formiminotransferase family.
messages: centriole

10090:Myo1a
gene id: 10090:Myo1a
uniprot id: O88329
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Involved in directing the movement of organelles along actin filaments.
messages: Phosphorylated by ALPK1.
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).

10090:Dynlt1a
gene id: 10090:Dynlt1a
uniprot id: P51807
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia (By similarity). May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Plays an important role in male germ cell development and function. Candidate for involvement in male sterility.
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First abundantly expressed at the pachytene stage of meiosis and persists throughout spermatogenesis.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: High level in testis (germ cell-specific). Expressed in sperm (at protein level). 200-fold lower in liver, brain, heart, spleen, and kidney. Levels in thymus and two embryonal carcinoma cell lines were several-fold higher than this low constitutive level.
messages: Homodimer (Probable). The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with RHO (By similarity). Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with DOC2A, DOC2B and SCN10A. Interacts with PVR. Interacts with SVIL isoform 2. Interacts with GNB1; the interaction occurs in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma; the interaction diminishes the association of DYNLT1 with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Interacts with GNB2, GNB3 and GNB5; the interactions occur in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma. Interacts with ACVR2B and ARHGEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with DNAI4 (PubMed:30060180).
messages: Phosphorylated by BMPR2. The phosphorylation status is proposed to regulate the association with the cytoplasmic dynein complex and may have role in cytoplasmic dynein cargo release (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in neuronal morphogenesis; the function is independent of cytoplasmic dynein and seems to be coupled to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by enhancing Rac1 activity. The function in neurogenesis may be regulated by association with a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. May function as a receptor-independent activator of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling; the activation appears to be independent of a nucleotide exchange. Plays a role in regulating neurogenesis; inhibits the genesis of neurons from precursor cells during cortical development presumably by antagonizing ARHGEF2. Unrelated to the role in retrograde microtubule-associated movement may play a role in the dimerization of cytoplasmic proteins/domains such as for ACVR2B. Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of ACVR2B and, in vitro, inhibits ACVR2B signaling. Involved in the regulation of mitotic spindle orientation.
messages: spindle

10090:Zkscan17
gene id: 10090:Zkscan17
uniprot id: Q5SXI5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: DNA-binding transcription factor that can both act as an activator and a repressor.
messages: Interacts (via zinc-fingers) with JARID2. Interacts with NSD1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C2H2-type zinc finger 1, also named C2HR, mediates the interaction with NSD1.

10090:Nkg7
gene id: 10090:Nkg7
uniprot id: Q9CY55
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Shroom3
gene id: 10090:Shroom3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1H8
uniprot id: A0A286YDQ8
uniprot id: E9QMY5
uniprot id: Q9QXN0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: At 8.75 dpc, strongly expressed in the cranial neuroepithelium, and also expressed in neural tube, paraxial mesoderm and gut. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in neural tube, forebrain, somites, ventral body wall, heart and gut. At 14.5 dpc, expression is restricted to skeletal muscle, tips of the digits and forebrain.
messages: Belongs to the shroom family.
messages: Controls cell shape changes in the neuroepithelium during neural tube closure (PubMed:10589677, PubMed:14680628). Induces apical constriction in epithelial cells by promoting the apical accumulation of F-actin and myosin II, and probably by bundling stress fibers (PubMed:14680628, PubMed:16249236, PubMed:16684770, PubMed:22493320). Induces apicobasal cell elongation by redistributing gamma-tubulin and directing the assembly of robust apicobasal microtubule arrays (By similarity).
messages: Death at birth due to defects in neural tube closure causing exencephaly, acrania, facial clefting and spina bifida.
messages: Interacts with F-actin (PubMed:10589677). Interacts with ROCK1 (PubMed:22493320).
messages: The ASD1 domain mediates F-actin binding.
messages: The ASD2 domain mediates the interaction with ROCK1 and is required for apical constriction induction.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Rab39
gene id: 10090:Rab39
uniprot id: Q0PD15
uniprot id: Q8BHD0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with BECN1. Probably associates with the PI3K (PI3KC3/PI3K-III/class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) complex (By similarity). Interacts with UACA. Interacts with isoform a of RASSF1 (PubMed:23294242). Does not interact with isoform c of RASSF1 (PubMed:23294242).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in the maturation and acidification of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and M.tuberculosis. Plays a role in vesicular trafficking. Plays a role in the fusion of phagosomes with lysosomes. Negatively regulates LPS-induced autophagosome formation in macrophages possibly by implicating PI3K (By similarity). May be involved in multiple neurite formation (PubMed:23624502).
messages: phagosome
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Ubald2
gene id: 10090:Ubald2
uniprot id: Q8BQH4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UBALD family.

10090:Taldo1
gene id: 10090:Taldo1
uniprot id: Q93092
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the transaldolase family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the non-oxidative phase in the pentose phosphate pathway. Catalyzes the reversible conversion of sedheptulose-7-phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into erythrose-4-phosphate and beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate (PubMed:17003133, PubMed:27703206). Not only acts as a pentose phosphate pathway enzyme, but also affects other metabolite pathways by altering its subcellular localization between the nucleus and the cytoplasm (PubMed:27703206).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice develop normally; however, males are sterile because of functional and structural defects of mitochondria (PubMed:17003133). Mice spontaneously develop hepatocellular carcinoma. The liver of these mice present an accumulation of five-carbon sugarphosphates and a depletion of NADPH and GSH (PubMed:19436114).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:27703206). Heterodimer with isoform 2 (PubMed:27703206). Interacts with KPNA1 and KPNA4 (PubMed:27703206).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The first 10 amino acids are essential for nuclear localization.

10090:Dmac2
gene id: 10090:Dmac2
uniprot id: Q9D7K5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP synthase subunit s family.
messages: Interacts with incompletely assembled mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Required for the assembly of the mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex (complex I). Involved in the assembly of the distal region of complex I.

10090:Ogfrl1
gene id: 10090:Ogfrl1
uniprot id: Q8VE52
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the opioid growth factor receptor family.

10090:Cenpa
gene id: 10090:Cenpa
uniprot id: O35216
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Component of centromeric nucleosomes, where DNA is wrapped around a histone octamer core. The octamer contains two molecules each of H2A, H2B, CENPA and H4 assembled in one CENPA-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. CENPA modulates the DNA-binding characteristics of nucleosomes so that protruding DNA ends have higher flexibility than in nucleosomes containing conventional histone H3. Inhibits binding of histone H1 to nucleosomes, since histone H1 binds preferentially to rigid DNA linkers that protrude from nucleosomes. Nucleosomes containing CENPA also contain histone H2A variants such as MACROH2A and H2A.Z/H2AZ1. The CENPA-H4 heterotetramer is more compact and structurally more rigid than corresponding H3-H4 heterotetramers. Can assemble into nucleosomes that contain both CENPA and histone H3.3; these nucleosomes interact with a single CENPC chain. Heterotrimer composed of HJURP, CENPA and histone H4, where HJURP interacts with the dimer formed by CENPA and histone H4 and prevents tetramerization of CENPA and H4. Component of the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU. Interacts (via CATD domain) with HJURP; the interaction is direct and is required for its localization to centromeres. Interacts with CENPC, CENPN and CENPT; interaction is direct. Part of a centromere complex consisting of CENPA, CENPT and CENPW. Identified in centromere complexes containing histones H2A, H2B and H4, and at least CENPA, CENPB, CENPC, CENPT, CENPN, HJURP, SUPT16H, SSRP1 and RSF1. Can self-associate. The CENPA-H4 heterotetramer can bind DNA by itself (in vitro). Interacts with CDK1, PPP1CA and RBBP7.
messages: Histone H3-like nucleosomal protein that is specifically found in centromeric nucleosomes. Replaces conventional H3 in the nucleosome core of centromeric chromatin that serves as an assembly site for the inner kinetochore. The presence of CENPA subtly modifies the nucleosome structure and the way DNA is wrapped around the nucleosome and gives rise to protruding DNA ends that are less well-ordered and rigid compared to nucleosomes containing histone H3. May serve as an epigenetic mark that propagates centromere identity through replication and cell division (By similarity). Required for recruitment and assembly of kinetochore proteins, and as a consequence required for progress through mitosis, chromosome segregation and cytokinesis (PubMed:27499292).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1 at Ser-62 during early mitosis; this abolishes association with chromatin and centromeres, prevents interaction with HJURP and thereby prevents premature assembly of CENPA into centromeres. Dephosphorylated at Ser-62 by PPP1CA during late mitosis.
messages: Poly-ADP-ribosylated by PARP1.
messages: The CATD (CENPA targeting domain) region is responsible for the more compact structure of nucleosomes containing CENPA. It is necessary and sufficient to mediate the localization into centromeres.
messages: Trimethylated by NTMT1 at the N-terminal glycine after cleavage of Met-1. Methylation is low before incorporation into nucleosomes and increases with cell cycle progression, with the highest levels in mitotic nucleosomes.
messages: centromere

10090:Olfr743
gene id: 10090:Olfr743
uniprot id: L7N1Y2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr618
gene id: 10090:Olfr618
uniprot id: K7N6B3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cabcoco1
gene id: 10090:Cabcoco1
uniprot id: Q8CDT7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-binding protein (PubMed:26990073). May be involved in the control of sperm flagellar movement (PubMed:26990073).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Testis-specific (PubMed:26990073). Expressed in spermatocytes and round spermatids (at protein level) (PubMed:26990073).
messages: centrosome
messages: flagellum

10090:Ric8a
gene id: 10090:Ric8a
uniprot id: Q3TIR3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synembryn family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death during early embryonic development. Heterozygous mice exhibit impaired spatial memory and decreased anxiety.
messages: During the early development (9.5-12.0 dpc) it is expressed in the developing nervous system such as the cranial ganglia, neural tube, sympathetic chain and dorsal root ganglia. Also found in the lens, vomeronasal organ and endolymphatic sac.
messages: Expressed in neurons and neurites of the CA1 and CA2 subregions of the hippocampus (at protein level). In adult brain, it is expressed in the neocortex, hippocampus and cerebellum as well as in the pineal gland and ependymal layer.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), which can activate some, but not all, G-alpha proteins. Able to activate GNAI1, GNAO1 and GNAQ, but not GNAS by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP. Involved in regulation of microtubule pulling forces during mitotic movement of chromosomes by stimulating G(i)-alpha protein, possibly leading to release G(i)-alpha-GTP and NuMA proteins from the NuMA-GPSM2-G(i)-alpha-GDP complex. Also acts as an activator for G(q)-alpha (GNAQ) protein by enhancing the G(q)-coupled receptor-mediated ERK activation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with GDP-bound G alpha proteins GNAI1, GNAO1 and GNAQ, and with GNA13 with lower affinity. Does not interact with G-alpha proteins when they are in complex with subunits beta and gamma. Interacts (via C-terminus) with RGS14; the interaction stimulates the dissociation of the complex between RGS14 and the active GTP-bound form of GNAI1 (By similarity).

10090:4930453N24Rik
gene id: 10090:4930453N24Rik
uniprot id: Q3TTL0
names: Function
messages: May be involved in apoptosis regulation.

10090:Nuf2
gene id: 10090:Nuf2
uniprot id: Q99P69
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity. Required for kinetochore integrity and the organization of stable microtubule binding sites in the outer plate of the kinetochore. The NDC80 complex synergistically enhances the affinity of the SKA1 complex for microtubules and may allow the NDC80 complex to track depolymerizing microtubules.
messages: Belongs to the NUF2 family.
messages: Can be phosphorylated by AURKA and AURKB.
messages: Component of the NDC80 complex, which consists of NDC80/HEC1, CDCA1, SPBC24 and SPBC25. The NDC80 complex is formed by two subcomplexes composed of NDC80/HEC1-CDCA1 and SPBC24-SPBC25. Each subcomplex is formed by parallel interactions through the coiled-coil domains of individual subunits. Formation of a tetrameric complex is mediated by interactions between the C-terminal regions of both subunits of the NDC80/HEC1-CDCA1 subcomplex and the N-terminal regions of both subunits of the SPBC24-SPBC25 complex. The tetrameric NDC80 complex has an elongated rod-like structure with globular domains at either end. May interact with AURKB/Aurora-B (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: kinetochore

10090:Olfr826
gene id: 10090:Olfr826
uniprot id: Q8VFU6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppfibp2
gene id: 10090:Ppfibp2
uniprot id: G3X957
uniprot id: O35711
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-beta subfamily.
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Expressed widely. Strong expression in liver, kidney, intestine, heart, lung and testis. Low expression in brain and thymus.
messages: Forms homodimers and heterodimers.
messages: Found at 10.5 dpc through 16.5 dpc.
messages: May regulate the disassembly of focal adhesions. Did not bind receptor-like tyrosine phosphatases type 2A (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal coiled coil regions mediate homodimerization preferentially and heterodimerization type beta/beta. The C-terminal, non-coiled coil regions mediate heterodimerization type beta/alpha (By similarity).

10090:Fbxo24
gene id: 10090:Fbxo24
uniprot id: Q9D417
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Directly interacts with SKP1 and CUL1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex.

10090:H2-K1
gene id: 10090:H2-K1
uniprot id: P01901
uniprot id: Q3TH01
uniprot id: Q7JJ15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain (beta-2-microglobulin).
messages: Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn2r11
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r11
uniprot id: E9Q4X4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Endog
gene id: 10090:Endog
uniprot id: O08600
uniprot id: Q3UN47
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA/RNA non-specific endonuclease family.
messages: Endonuclease that preferentially catalyzes the cleavage of double-stranded 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)-modified DNA (PubMed:25355512, PubMed:32095813). The 5hmC-modified nucleotide does not increase the binding affinity, but instead increases the efficiency of cutting and specifies the site of cleavage for the modified DNAs (PubMed:32095813). Shows significantly higher affinity for four-stranded Holliday junction over duplex and single-stranded DNAs (PubMed:32095813). Promotes conservative recombination when the DNA is 5hmC-modified (PubMed:25355512). Promotes autophagy through the suppression of mTOR by its phosphorylation-mediated interaction with YWHAG and its endonuclease activity-mediated DNA damage response (PubMed:33473107). GSK3-beta mediated phosphorylation of ENDOG enhances its interaction with YWHAG, leading to the release of TSC2 and PIK3C3 from YWHAG resulting in mTOR pathway suppression and autophagy initiation (By similarity). Promotes cleavage of mtDNA in response to oxidative and nitrosative stress, in turn inducing compensatory mtDNA replication (By similarity).
messages: GSK3-beta-mediated phosphorylation at Thr-125 is necessary for its interaction with YWHAG and the induction of autophagy.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:32192768, PubMed:32095813). Homodimerization is essential for its activity (PubMed:32192768). Interacts with YWHAG (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Slc19a1
gene id: 10090:Slc19a1
uniprot id: P41438
uniprot id: Q542F3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Antiporter that mediates the import of reduced folates (PubMed:8276792, PubMed:8664315, PubMed:9111015, PubMed:9748272). Mechanistically, acts as a secondary active transporter, which exports intracellular organic anions down their concentration gradients to facilitate the uptake of its substrates (By similarity). Has high affinity for N5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the predominant circulating form of folate (PubMed:8276792, PubMed:9111015). Also able to mediate the import of antifolate drug methotrexate (PubMed:8276792, PubMed:8664315, PubMed:9748272). 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside (AICAR), when phosphorylated to AICAR monophosphate, can serve as an organic anion for antiporter activity (By similarity).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the reduced folate carrier (RFC) transporter (TC 2.A.48) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In contrast to human, not able to transport immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotides, such as cyclic GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol.
messages: Transporter that mediates the import of reduced folates.

10090:Aco2
gene id: 10090:Aco2
uniprot id: Q99KI0
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aconitase/IPM isomerase family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster per subunit. Binding of a [3Fe-4S] cluster leads to an inactive enzyme.
messages: Catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate via cis-aconitate.
messages: Forms covalent cross-links mediated by transglutaminase TGM2, between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming homopolymers and heteropolymers.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer.

10090:Amotl1
gene id: 10090:Amotl1
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VM69
uniprot id: Q9D4H4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the angiomotin family.
messages: Expressed in exocrine glands, including pancreas, submandibular gland, lacrimal gland, parotid gland and sublingual gland (at protein level).
messages: Inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, probably by recruiting CTNNB1 to recycling endosomes and hence preventing its translocation to the nucleus.
messages: Polyubiquitinated by NEDD4, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: tight junction

10090:Map3k7
gene id: 10090:Map3k7
uniprot id: Q543B5
uniprot id: Q62073
uniprot id: Q923A8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-72 is induced by TNFalpha, and leads to proteasomal degradation (PubMed:16157589). Undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination catalyzed by ITCH (PubMed:25632008). 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination at Lys-158 by TRIM8 does not lead to proteasomal degradation but contributes to autophosphorylation and activation. Deubiquitinated by CYLD, a protease that selectively cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains (PubMed:17548520, PubMed:29291351).
messages: Activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and in response to physical and chemical stresses, including osmotic stress, oxidative stress, arsenic and ultraviolet light irradiation. Activated by 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and by autophosphorylation.
messages: Activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and in response to physical and chemical stresses, including osmotic stress, oxidative stress, arsenic and ultraviolet light irradiation. Activated by 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination and by autophosphorylation. Association with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and TAB2/MAP3K7IP2 promotes activation through autophosphorylation, whereas PPM1B/PP2CB, PP2A and PPP6C dephosphorylation leads to inactivation.
messages: Association with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 promotes autophosphorylation and subsequent activation. Association with TAB2/MAP3K7IP2, itself associated with free unanchored Lys-63 polyubiquitin chain, promotes autophosphorylation and subsequent activation of MAP3K7. Dephosphorylation at Thr-187 by PP2A and PPP6C leads to inactivation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Can form homodimer (By similarity). Binds both upstream activators and downstream substrates in multimolecular complexes (By similarity). Interacts with TAB1/MAP3K7IP1, TAB2/MAP3K7IP2 and TAB3/MAP3K7IP3 (By similarity). Identified in the TRIKA2 complex composed of MAP3K7/TAK1, TAB1/MAP3K7IP1 and TAB2/MAP3K7IP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PPM1L and PPM1B/PP2CB (PubMed:12556533). Interaction with PP2A and PPP6C leads to its repressed activity (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF6 and TAB1/MAP3K7IP1; during IL-1 signaling (By similarity). Interacts with TAOK1 and TAOK2; interaction with TAOK2 interferes with MAP3K7 interaction with IKKA, thus preventing NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Interacts with DYNC2I2 (via WD domains) (By similarity). Interacts with CYLD and RBCK1 (PubMed:17548520). Interacts with TGFBR1; induces MAP3K7/TAK1 activation by TRAF6 (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK8IP1 and SMAD6 (PubMed:10748100, PubMed:17709393). Interacts with isoform 1 of VRK2 (PubMed:17709393). Interacts with DAB2; the interaction is induced by TGF-beta stimulation and may mediate TGF-beta stimulated JNK activation (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM5 (By similarity). Part of a complex containing ITCH, NDFIP1 and MAP3K7 (PubMed:25632008). Interacts with PLEKHM1 (via N- and C-terminus) (PubMed:27777970). Interacts with TRIM8 (By similarity). Found in a complex with SH3RF1, RAC2, MAP2K7/MKK7, MAPK8IP1/JIP1, MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK9/JNK2 (PubMed:27084103). Interacts with SASH1 (By similarity). Interacts with RIPK1 (PubMed:31519887).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Plays an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by changes in the environment. Mediates signal transduction of TRAF6, various cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1), transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB), TGFB-related factors like BMP2 and BMP4, toll-like receptors (TLR), tumor necrosis factor receptor CD40 and B-cell receptor (BCR) (PubMed:10748100, PubMed:16157589, PubMed:21183079, PubMed:29291351). Ceramides are also able to activate MAP3K7/TAK1. Once activated, acts as an upstream activator of the MKK/JNK signal transduction cascade and the p38 MAPK signal transduction cascade through the phosphorylation and activation of several MAP kinase kinases like MAP2K1/MEK1, MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K6/MKK6 and MAP2K7/MKK7. These MAP2Ks in turn activate p38 MAPKs, c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and I-kappa-B kinase complex (IKK). Both p38 MAPK and JNK pathways control the transcription factors activator protein-1 (AP-1), while nuclear factor-kappa B is activated by IKK (PubMed:16157589, PubMed:8533096, PubMed:29291351). MAP3K7 activates also IKBKB and MAPK8/JNK1 in response to TRAF6 signaling and mediates BMP2-induced apoptosis (PubMed:10748100). In osmotic stress signaling, plays a major role in the activation of MAPK8/JNK1, but not that of NF-kappa-B. Promotes TRIM5 capsid-specific restriction activity (By similarity). Phosphorylates RIPK1 at 'Ser-321' which positively regulates RIPK1 interaction with RIPK3 to promote necroptosis but negatively regulates RIPK1 kinase activity and its interaction with FADD to mediate apoptosis (PubMed:28842570).

10090:Slc1a7
gene id: 10090:Slc1a7
uniprot id: Q8JZR4
uniprot id: Z4YKJ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family.
messages: Belongs to the dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS) (TC 2.A.23) family. SLC1A7 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in retina, located in both cone and rod photoreceptor terminals and in axon terminals of rod bipolar cells.
messages: Interacts with the PDZ domains of DLG4.
messages: Membrane
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment membrane
messages: Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate. Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion (By similarity). Acts primarily as an inhibitory glutamate-gated chloride channel being a major inhibitory presynaptic receptor at mammalian rod bipolar cell axon terminals. Glutamate binding gates a large Cl(-) conductance that mediates inhibition, affecting visual processing in the retina (PubMed:16973698, PubMed:32233906).
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Nptn
gene id: 10090:Nptn
uniprot id: P97300
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with ATP2B1; this interaction stabilizes ATP2B1 and increases ATPase activity; this interaction controls T cell calcium homeostasis following T cell activation (PubMed:28827723). Interacts with XKR8; promoting its localization at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are widely expressed with variable levels in brain. Isoform 1 is expressed in cerebellum and midbrain. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in cerebral cortex, hipoccampus and striatum. Isoform 2 is more abundant in the cerebral cortex than isoform 1.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Probable homophilic and heterophilic cell adhesion molecule involved in long term potentiation at hippocampal excitatory synapses through activation of p38MAPK. May also regulate neurite outgrowth by activating the FGFR1 signaling pathway. May play a role in synaptic plasticity (By similarity). Also acts as a chaperone for ATP2B1; stabilizes ATP2B1 and increases its ATPase activity. Promotes localization of XKR8 at the cell membrane (By similarity).
messages: Some isoforms lack the first Ig-like domain which may confer homophilic adhesion activity. However, they can bind and activate FGFR1 (By similarity).

10090:Tmem161a
gene id: 10090:Tmem161a
uniprot id: Q8VCA6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM161 family.
messages: May play a role in protection against oxidative stress. Overexpression leads to reduced levels of oxidant-induced DNA damage and apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Cyp3a25
gene id: 10090:Cyp3a25
uniprot id: O09158
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: P450 can be induced to high levels in liver and other tissues by various foreign compounds, including drugs, pesticides, and carcinogens.

10090:Olfr366
gene id: 10090:Olfr366
uniprot id: Q7TRY4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:H2az2
gene id: 10090:H2az2
uniprot id: B2RVP5
uniprot id: Q3THW5
uniprot id: Q8R029
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys-5, Lys-8 and Lys-12 during interphase. Acetylation disappears at mitosis.
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-122 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. H2A or its variant H2AZ2 forms a heterodimer with H2B (By similarity).
messages: Variant histone H2A which replaces conventional H2A in a subset of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling. May be involved in the formation of constitutive heterochromatin. May be required for chromosome segregation during cell division (By similarity).

10090:Pigv
gene id: 10090:Pigv
uniprot id: Q7TPN3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the second mannose to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the PIGV family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Not N-glycosylated.

10090:Calm1
gene id: 10090:Calm1
uniprot id: P0DP26
uniprot id: P0DP27
uniprot id: P0DP28
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calmodulin family.
messages: Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Calcium-binding is required for the activation of calmodulin. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMK2), and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis.
messages: Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Calcium-binding is required for the activation of calmodulin. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMK2), and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Is a regulator of voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2. Forms a potassium channel complex with KCNQ1 and regulates electrophysiological activity of the channel via calcium-binding. Acts as a sensor to modulate the endoplasmic reticulum contacts with other organelles mediated by VMP1:ATP2A2.
messages: Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Calcium-binding is required for the activation of calmodulin. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMK2), and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2.
messages: Interacts with CEP97, CCP110, MYO1C, TTN/titin and SRY. Interacts with MYO10. Interacts with RRAD (By similarity). Interacts with USP6; the interaction is calcium dependent (By similarity). Interacts with CDK5RAP2. Interacts with SCN5A (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO1. Interacts with MIP in a 1:2 stoichiometry; the interaction with the cytoplasmic domains from two MIP subunits promotes MIP water channel closure. Interacts with ORAI1; this may play a role in the regulation of ORAI1-mediated calcium transport (By similarity). Interacts with RYR1 (PubMed:18650434). Interacts with MYO5A (By similarity). Interacts with IQCF1 (PubMed:25380116). Interacts with SYT7 (PubMed:24569478). Interacts with CEACAM1 (via cytoplasmic domain); this interaction is in a calcium dependent manner and reduces homophilic cell adhesion through dissociation of dimer (By similarity). Interacts with RYR2; regulates RYR2 calcium-release channel activity (PubMed:18650434). Interacts with PCP4; regulates calmodulin calcium-binding (By similarity). Interacts with the heterotetrameric KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 channel; the interaction is calcium-independent, constitutive and participates in the proper assembly of a functional heterotetrameric M channel (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CEP97, CCP110, MYO1C, TTN/titin and SRY. Interacts with MYO10. Interacts with RRAD (By similarity). Interacts with USP6; the interaction is calcium dependent (By similarity). Interacts with CDK5RAP2. Interacts with SCN5A (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO1. Interacts with MIP in a 1:2 stoichiometry; the interaction with the cytoplasmic domains from two MIP subunits promotes MIP water channel closure. Interacts with ORAI1; this may play a role in the regulation of ORAI1-mediated calcium transport (By similarity). Interacts with RYR1 (PubMed:18650434). Interacts with MYO5A (PubMed:17151196). Interacts with IQCF1 (PubMed:25380116). Interacts with SYT7 (PubMed:24569478). Interacts with CEACAM1 (via cytoplasmic domain); this interaction is in a calcium dependent manner and reduces homophilic cell adhesion through dissociation of dimer (By similarity). Interacts with RYR2; regulates RYR2 calcium-release channel activity (PubMed:18650434). Interacts with PCP4; regulates calmodulin calcium-binding (By similarity). Interacts with the heterotetrameric KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 channel; the interaction is calcium-independent, constitutive and participates in the proper assembly of a functional heterotetrameric M channel (By similarity). Interacts with alpha-synuclein/SNCA (By similarity). Interacts with SLC9A1 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). In the absence of Ca(+2), interacts with GIMAP4 (via IQ domain) (PubMed:16569770). Interacts with SCN8A; the interaction modulates the inactivation rate of SCN8A (PubMed:23942337). Interaction with KIF1A; the interaction is increased in presence of calcium and increases neuronal dense core vesicles motility (By similarity). Interacts with KCNN3 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNQ1 (via C-terminus); forms a heterooctameric structure (with 4:4 KCNQ1:CALM stoichiometry) in a calcium-independent manner (By similarity). Interacts with PIK3C3; the interaction modulates PIK3C3 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with…
messages: Phosphorylation results in a decreased activity.
messages: The N-terminal and C-terminal lobes of CALM bind to the C-terminus of KCNQ1 in a clamp-like conformation. Binding of CALM C-terminus to KCNQ1 is calcium-independent but is essential for assembly of the structure. Binding of CALM N-terminus to KCNQ1 is calcium-dependent and regulates electrophysiological activity of the channel.
messages: This protein has four functional calcium-binding sites.
messages: Ubiquitination results in a strongly decreased activity.
messages: centrosome
messages: flagellum
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Ncoa1
gene id: 10090:Ncoa1
uniprot id: P70365
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SRC/p160 nuclear receptor coactivator family.
messages: Contains 7 Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs. LXXLL motifs 3, 4 and 5 are essential for the association with nuclear receptors. LXXLL motif 7, which is not present in isoform 2, increases the affinity for steroid receptors in vitro.
messages: Interacts with NCOA6 and NCOA2. Interacts with the FDL motif of STAT5A and STAT5B. Interacts with the LXXLL motif of STAT6. Interacts with STAT3 following IL-6 stimulation. Interacts with the basal transcription factor GTF2B. Interacts with COPS5, NR3C1, PCAF and TTLL5/STAMP. Interacts with the histone acetyltransferases EP300 and CREBBP, and the methyltransferase CARM1. Interacts with PSMB9. Interacts with UBE2L3; they functionally interact to regulate progesterone receptor transcriptional activity. Interacts with PRMT2 and DDX5. Interacts with ASXL1. Interacts with PRMT6. Interacts (via LXXLL 1, 2 and 3 motifs) with RORC (via AF-2 motif). Interacts in a ligand-dependent fashion with RXRA. Interacts with TRIP4. Interacts with NR4A3 (PubMed:12709428). Interacts with VDR (By similarity).
messages: Mice show partial hormone resistance: target organs such as uterus, prostate, testis and mammary gland exhibiting decreased growth and development in response to steroid hormones. Moreover, such mice are prone to obesity due to reduced energy expenditure.
messages: Nuclear receptor coactivator that directly binds nuclear receptors and stimulates the transcriptional activities in a hormone-dependent fashion. Involved in the coactivation of different nuclear receptors, such as for steroids (PGR, GR and ER), retinoids (RXRs), thyroid hormone (TRs) and prostanoids (PPARs). Also involved in coactivation mediated by STAT3, STAT5A, STAT5B and STAT6 transcription factors. Displays histone acetyltransferase activity toward H3 and H4; the relevance of such activity remains however unclear. Plays a central role in creating multisubunit coactivator complexes that act via remodeling of chromatin, and possibly acts by participating in both chromatin remodeling and recruitment of general transcription factors. Required with NCOA2 to control energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues. Required for mediating steroid hormone response. Isoform 2 has a higher thyroid hormone-dependent transactivation activity than isoform 1 and isoform 3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated; sumoylation increases its interaction with PGR and prolongs its retention in the nucleus. It does not prevent its ubiquitination and does not exert a clear effect on the stability of the protein (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminal (1113-1447) part mediates the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity.
messages: Ubiquitinated; leading to proteasome-mediated degradation. Ubiquitination and sumoylation take place at different sites (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Ptma
gene id: 10090:Ptma
uniprot id: P26350
uniprot id: Q0VGU2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pro/parathymosin family.
messages: Covalently linked to a small RNA of about 20 nucleotides.
messages: Interacts with NUPR1; regulates apoptotic process.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Prothymosin alpha may mediate immune function by conferring resistance to certain opportunistic infections.

10090:Taf4b
gene id: 10090:Taf4b
uniprot id: A0A3B2W725
uniprot id: G5E8Z2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TAF4 family.
messages: Cell type-specific subunit of the general transcription factor TFIID that may function as a gene-selective coactivator in certain cells. TFIID is a multimeric protein complex that plays a central role in mediating promoter responses to various activators asond repressors. TAF4B is a transcriptional coactivator of the p65/RELA NF-kappa-B subunit. Involved in the activation of a subset of antiapoptotic genes including TNFAIP3. Through interaction with OCBA/POU2AF1, acts as a coactivator of B-cell-specific transcription. Plays a role in spermiogenesis and oogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient female mice are infertile due to a granulosa cell defect preventing normal follicle formation. Deficient male are fertile when young, but subsequently exhibit an age-dependent progressive loss of germ cells and misregulation of several genes required for normal spermatogenesis.
messages: Highly expressed in the testes and ovary, whereas lower levels are detected in most other tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: TFIID is composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and a number of TBP-associated factors (TAFs). Heterodimerizes with TAF12/TFII20 via the C-terminal H2A-like histone-fold domain. This heterodimer forms a histone-like octamer with the TAF6/TAFII70-TAF9/TAFII31 heterodimer. Interacts with P65/RELA homodimers and P65/RELA-REL heterodimers. Interaction with POU2AF1, via its C-terminal activation domain, is required for octamer-dependent transcription (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF628 (PubMed:31932482).

10090:Cops2
gene id: 10090:Cops2
uniprot id: P61202
uniprot id: Q3V3N6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CSN2 family.
messages: Component of the CSN complex, composed of COPS1/GPS1, COPS2, COPS3, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6, COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B), COPS8 and COPS9 (PubMed:9707402). In the complex, it probably interacts directly with COPS1, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6 and COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B) (PubMed:9707402). Specifically interacts with the ligand binding domain of the thyroid receptor (TR). Does not require the presence of thyroid hormone for its interaction. Interacts with CUL1 and CUL2 (PubMed:11967155). Interacts with IRF8/ICSBP1 and with nuclear receptors NR2F1 and NR0B1 (By similarity). Interacts with NIF3L1 (PubMed:12522100).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. The complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, c-jun/JUN, IkappaBalpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1 and IRF8/ICSBP, possibly via its association with CK2 and PKD kinases. CSN-dependent phosphorylation of TP53 and JUN promotes and protects degradation by the Ubl system, respectively. Involved in early stage of neuronal differentiation via its interaction with NIF3L1.
messages: Its absence causes arrest of embryo development at the peri-implantation stage. Blastocysts without Cops2 fail to outgrow in culture and exhibit a cell proliferation defect in inner cell mass, accompanied by a slight decrease in Oct4. In addition, lack of Cops2 disrupts the CSN complex and results in a drastic increase in cyclin E. It also induces elevated levels of p53 and p21, which may contribute to premature cell cycle arrest of the mutant.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2 and PKD kinases.
messages: Widely expressed in embryonic, fetal and adult tissues, except cartilage and smooth muscle.

10090:Mtmr10
gene id: 10090:Mtmr10
uniprot id: Q7TPM9
names: Caution
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Although it belongs to the non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily, lacks the conserved active site cysteine residue at position 399 in the dsPTPase catalytic loop, suggesting that it has no phosphatase activity.
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class myotubularin subfamily.
messages: Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.

10090:Gprin3
gene id: 10090:Gprin3
uniprot id: B2RQZ6
uniprot id: Q8BWS5
names: Function
messages: May be involved in neurite outgrowth.

10090:Vps28
gene id: 10090:Vps28
uniprot id: A0A2R8VKS6
uniprot id: Q8BMZ7
uniprot id: Q9D1C8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS28 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, a VPS37 protein (VPS37A to -D) and MVB12A or MVB12B in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts with TSG101, VPS37B, VPS37C, MVB12A and MVB12B. Component of an ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I) which consists of TSG101, VPS28, VPS37A and UBAP1 in a 1:1:1:1 stoichiometry. Interacts WITH VPS36; the interaction mediates the association with the ESCRT-II complex. Interacts with SNF8 and VPS25. Interacts with CEP55 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex (endosomal sorting complex required for transport I), a regulator of vesicular trafficking process.
messages: Component of the ESCRT-I complex, a regulator of vesicular trafficking process.
messages: Late endosome membrane

10090:Bhmt2
gene id: 10090:Bhmt2
uniprot id: Q91WS4
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed in fetal heart, lung, liver, kidney and eye.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts homocysteine to methionine using S-methylmethionine (SMM) as a methyl donor.

10090:Dnaic1
gene id: 10090:Dnaic1
uniprot id: Q8C0M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynein intermediate chain family.
messages: Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains. Interacts with BICD2 (By similarity). Interacts with CFAP45 and CFAP52 (By similarity).
messages: Part of the dynein complex of respiratory cilia.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Ubl4a
gene id: 10090:Ubl4a
uniprot id: P21126
uniprot id: Q3UK94
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of a cytosolic protein quality control complex, the BAG6/BAT3 complex, maintains misfolded and hydrophobic patches-containing proteins in a soluble state and participates in their proper delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum or alternatively can promote their sorting to the proteasome where they undergo degradation. The BAG6/BAT3 complex is involved in the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored/type II transmembrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Recruited to ribosomes, it interacts with the transmembrane region of newly synthesized tail-anchored proteins and together with SGTA and ASNA1 mediates their delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum. Client proteins that cannot be properly delivered to the endoplasmic reticulum are ubiquitinated and sorted to the proteasome. Similarly, the BAG6/BAT3 complex also functions as a sorting platform for proteins of the secretory pathway that are mislocalized to the cytosol either delivering them to the proteasome for degradation or to the endoplasmic reticulum. The BAG6/BAT3 complex also plays a role in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), a quality control mechanism that eliminates unwanted proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum through their retrotranslocation to the cytosol and their targeting to the proteasome. It maintains these retrotranslocated proteins in an unfolded yet soluble state condition in the cytosol to ensure their proper delivery to the proteasome.
messages: Component of the BAG6/BAT3 complex, at least composed of BAG6, UBL4A and GET4/TRC35. Interacts with BAG6; the interaction is direct and required for UBL4A protein stability. Interacts with USP13; may be indirect via BAG6.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Ubiquitination by AMFR and deubiquitination by USP13 may regulate the interaction between the BAG6/BAT3 complex and SGTA and therefore may regulate client proteins fate.
messages: cytosol

10090:Angptl3
gene id: 10090:Angptl3
uniprot id: Q9R182
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts in part as a hepatokine that is involved in regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism (PubMed:11788823, PubMed:12671033). Proposed to play a role in the trafficking of energy substrates to either storage or oxidative tissues in response to food intake (PubMed:26305978). Has a stimulatory effect on plasma triglycerides (TG), which is achieved by suppressing plasma TG clearance via inhibition of LPL activity; the function seems to be specific for the feeding conditions. The inhibition of LPL activity appears to be an indirect mechanism involving recruitment of proprotein convertases PCSK6 and FURIN to LPL leading to cleavage and dissociation of LPL from the cell surface; the function does not require ANGPTL3 proteolytic cleavage but seems to be mediated by the N-terminal domain, and is not inhibited by GPIHBP1 (PubMed:12909640, PubMed:16081640, PubMed:20581395). Can inhibit endothelial lipase, causing increased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and phospholipids; the cleaved N-terminal domain is more efficient than the uncleaved proprotein (PubMed:17681148). Can bind to adipocytes to activate lipolysis, releasing free fatty acids and glycerol (By similarity). Suppresses LPL specifically in oxidative tissues which is required to route very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG to white adipose tissue (WAT) for storage in response to food; the function may involve cooperation with circulating, liver-derived ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL4 expression in WAT (PubMed:26305978). Contributes to lower plasma levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol by a mechanism that is independent of the canonical pathway implicating APOE and LDLR (PubMed:25954050). May stimulate hypothalamic LPL activity (PubMed:25338813).
messages: Down-regulated by insulin and leptin. Not regulated by nutritional status (fed/fasting) Up-regulated in podocytes by puromycin. Up-regulated after feeding in the hypothalamus.
messages: In part proteolytically cleaved by proprotein convertases; proposed to be involved in activation. In primary hepatocytes is intracellularily predominantly processed by FURIN and extracellularily by FURIN and PCSK6/PACE4. In 18.5 dpc embryos 75% of protein is found to be processed compared to 25 % in adults.
messages: Interacts with ANGPTL8 (By similarity). Interacts with ITGB3.
messages: Involved in angiogenesis (PubMed:11877390). Binds to endothelial cells via integrin alpha-V/beta-3 (ITGAV:ITGB3), activates FAK, MAPK and Akt signaling pathways and induces cell adhesion and cell migration (By similarity). May increase the motility of podocytes. Secreted from podocytes, may modulate properties of glomerular endothelial cells involving integrin alpha-V/beta-3 and Akt signaling (By similarity). May induce actin filament rearrangements in podocytes implicating integrin alpha-V/beta-3 and Rac1 activation (PubMed:20633534, PubMed:24294595, PubMed:25710887). Binds to hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and is involved in the regulation of HSC activity probably implicating down-regulation of IKZF1/IKAROS (PubMed:20959605).
messages: Low plasma levels of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol and HDL phospholipids, and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). Animals fed on high-fat, high-calorie (HFC) diet show reduced epididymal adipose tissue weight with no difference in adipocyte size. Hypotriglyceridemia with elevated postheparin plasma LPL activity is specifically observed in the fed state. Mice deficient in both Angptl3 and Angptl4 show an additive effect on plasma triglycerides and did not survive past 2 months of age.
messages: Predominantly expressed in liver, weakly expressed in kidney and lung. Expressed in podocytes (at protein level). Expressed in hypothalamic neurons (at protein level). Expressed in bone marrow sinusoidal endothelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Secreted
messages: The fibrinogen C-terminal domain is sufficient to mediate endothelial cell adhesion.
messages: Was suggested to inhibit LPL through a direct mechanism; however, the necessary concentrations to achieve the in vitro inhibition are at least 30-fold higher than ANGPTL3 plasma concentrations.
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Urah
gene id: 10090:Urah
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQC3
uniprot id: Q9CRB3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the transthyretin family. 5-hydroxyisourate hydrolase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 5-hydroxyisourate (HIU) to 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU).
messages: HIU hydrolysis also occurs spontaneously, but more slowly.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Peroxisome

10090:Hspa13
gene id: 10090:Hspa13
uniprot id: D3Z0Y0
uniprot id: Q8BM72
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
messages: Binds UBQLN2.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Has peptide-independent ATPase activity.
messages: Microsome

10090:Atg9a
gene id: 10090:Atg9a
uniprot id: Q68FE2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATG9 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Forms a homotrimer with a solvated central pore, which is connected laterally to the cytosol through the cavity within each protomer. Acts as a lipid scramblase that uses its central pore to function: the central pore opens laterally to accommodate lipid headgroups, thereby enabling lipid flipping and redistribution of lipids added to the outer leaflet of ATG9A-containing vesicles, thereby enabling growth into autophagosomes.
messages: Homotrimer; forms a homotrimer with a central pore that forms a path between the two membrane leaflets (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic its C-terminus) with ATG2A (By similarity). Interacts with SUPT20H (By similarity). Interacts (via the tyrosine-based sorting signal motif) with AP4M1; promoting association with the AP-4 complex (By similarity). Interacts with ARFIP1 and ARFIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with ATG4A; the interaction is direct and promotes ATG9A trafficking (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lethality; mice die within one day after birth caused by impaired autophagy (PubMed:19926846). Mice also show aberrant activation of the innate immune response (PubMed:19926846). Fetal mice display significantly retarded growth (PubMed:26370455). Conditional deletion in brain causes axon-specific degeneration: mice were born normally, but half of them die within one week, and none live beyond 4 weeks of age (PubMed:28513333). Defects are caused by impaired autophagy in neurons, leading to progressive degeneration in the axons and their terminals, but not in neuronal cell bodies (PubMed:28513333). In addition to defects in autophagy, mice also display impaired necrotic cell death during bone morphogenesis: the bone surface is rougher and bones are more porous due to defects in necrotic cell death in bone surface formation (PubMed:27811852).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy by mediating autophagosomal membrane expansion (PubMed:23402761, PubMed:27587839). Cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and supplies membrane for the growing autophagosome (By similarity). Lipid scramblase activity plays a key role in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly by distributing the phospholipids that arrive through ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B) from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion (By similarity). Also required to supply phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate to the autophagosome initiation site by recruiting the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) in a process dependent on ARFIP2, but not ARFIP1 (By similarity). In addition to autophagy, also plays a role in necrotic cell death (PubMed:27811852).
messages: Preautophagosomal structure membrane
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The tyrosine-based sorting signal motif, also named YXX-psi motif, promotes interaction with the AP-4 complex.
messages: autophagosome membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Tmem40
gene id: 10090:Tmem40
uniprot id: Q4FJU9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Psmc6
gene id: 10090:Psmc6
uniprot id: P62334
uniprot id: Q14AQ1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases including PSMC6 and few additional components. Interacts with PAAF1.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. PSMC6 belongs to the heterohexameric ring of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteins that unfolds ubiquitinated target proteins that are concurrently translocated into a proteolytic chamber and degraded into peptides.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:C1ql2
gene id: 10090:C1ql2
uniprot id: Q8CFR0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Forms homotrimers which can further assemble to form higher-order oligomeric complexes. Interacts with ADGRB3. May interact with ERFE. Forms heterooligomers with C1QL3 and C1QL4, when proteins are coexpressed; this interaction does not occur after secretion.
messages: Glycosylated, but not with N-linked glycans.
messages: Highest expression in eye, followed by placenta and brain, intermediate expression in adipose tissue and lowest expression in lymph node and testis.
messages: May regulate the number of excitatory synapses that are formed on hippocampus neurons. Has no effect on inhibitory synapses.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zbtb46
gene id: 10090:Zbtb46
uniprot id: Q8BID6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Functions as a transcriptional repressor for PRDM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated. Desumoylation by DESI1 reverses transcriptional repression activity.

10090:Znrd1as
gene id: 10090:Znrd1as
uniprot id: Q8R0E5
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May be involved in male sterility.
messages: Specifically expressed in testis.

10090:Cldn17
gene id: 10090:Cldn17
uniprot id: Q8BXA6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Channel-forming tight junction protein with selectivity for anions, including chloride and bicarbonate, and for solutes smaller than 9 Angstrom in diameter. In the kidney proximal tubule, may be involved in quantitative reabsorption of filtered anions. Does not affect water permeability.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the kidney and at mucher lower levels in the brain. In the kidney, expression gradually decreases from the proximal tubule downstream to the distal convoluted tubule. Expressed in the thin ascending limb of Henle's loop, as well as in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. In the distal convoluted tubules, expressed only in a few tubules. Not detected in the collecting duct. In the brain, expressed in blood vessels (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with OCLN.
messages: tight junction

10090:Zfp518a
gene id: 10090:Zfp518a
uniprot id: B2RRF6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Through its association with the EHMT1-EHMT2/G9A and PRC2/EED-EZH2 histone methyltransferase complexes may function in gene silencing, regulating repressive post-translational methylation of histone tails at promoters of target genes.

10090:Xlr5a
gene id: 10090:Xlr5a
uniprot id: A2BI45
uniprot id: A2BI46
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Hdac10
gene id: 10090:Hdac10
uniprot id: Q6P3E7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histone deacetylase family. HD type 2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with HDAC3. Interacts with HDAC2 and NCOR2/SMRT. Interacts with HSPA8/HSC70. Interacts with MSH2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyamine deacetylase (PDAC), which acts preferentially on N(8)-acetylspermidine, and also on acetylcadaverine and acetylputrescine. Exhibits attenuated catalytic activity toward N(1),N(8)-diacetylspermidine and very low activity, if any, toward N(1)-acetylspermidine. Histone deacetylase activity has been observed in vitro. Has also been shown to be involved in MSH2 deacetylation. The physiological relevance of protein/histone deacetylase activity is unclear and could be very weak. May play a role in the promotion of late stages of autophagy, possibly autophagosome-lysosome fusion and/or lysosomal exocytosis in neuroblastoma cells. May play a role in homologous recombination. May promote DNA mismatch repair.
messages: Protein/histone deacetylase activity in vivo is uncertain. The 3D structure analysis of the zebrafish ortholog shows that a glutamate gatekeeper and a sterically constricted active site confer specificity for N(8)-acetylspermidine hydrolysis and disfavour acetyllysine hydrolysis. Supporting this observation, has been shown to exhibit only very low activity, if any, towards acetyl-lysine peptide substrates. However, histone deacetylase activity has been observed in vitro and HDAC10 has also been shown to be involved in MSH2 deacetylation.
messages: widely expressed.

10090:Emilin3
gene id: 10090:Emilin3
uniprot id: P59900
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expression is only observed in the tailbud and the hindgut. At 11.5 dpc the expression is found at sites of bone formation, i.e. surrounding mesenchymal condensates in the fore- and hindlimbs, the nose, the maxilla, and the other parts of the jaw. At 13.5 dpc, detected in perichondrium and around developing skeletons, but barely detectable in mature osteoblasts. At 14.5 dpc it is strongly expressed in the enteric nerves of the digestive tract and the bladder. Expression is also observed surrounding the main branches of the alveoli and surrounding sites of bone formation in skull and trunk.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ctso
gene id: 10090:Ctso
uniprot id: Q4QQL3
uniprot id: Q8BM88
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Proteolytic enzyme possibly involved in normal cellular protein degradation and turnover.

10090:Fam219a
gene id: 10090:Fam219a
uniprot id: A2ANP1
uniprot id: B7ZWP1
uniprot id: Q9D772
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM219 family.

10090:Idua
gene id: 10090:Idua
uniprot id: Q3U1Z0
uniprot id: Q8BLF6
uniprot id: Q8BMG0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 39 family.

10090:Ptpn22
gene id: 10090:Ptpn22
uniprot id: P29352
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as negative regulator of T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling by direct dephosphorylation of the Src family kinases LCK and FYN, ITAMs of the TCRz/CD3 complex, as well as ZAP70, VAV, VCP and other key signaling molecules (By similarity). Associates with and probably dephosphorylates CBL (By similarity). Dephosphorylates LCK at its activating 'Tyr-394' residue (By similarity). Dephosphorylates ZAP70 at its activating 'Tyr-492' residue (By similarity). Dephosphorylates the immune system activator SKAP2 (By similarity). Positively regulates toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced type 1 interferon production (PubMed:23871208). Promotes host antiviral responses mediated by type 1 interferon (PubMed:23871208). Regulates NOD2-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and autophagy (PubMed:23991106). Dephosphorylates phospho-anandamide (p-AEA), an endocannabinoid to anandamide (also called N-arachidonoylethanolamide) (PubMed:16938887).
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class 4 subfamily.
messages: Brain (at protein level) (PubMed:16938887). Spleen, thymus, lymph node and bone marrow (PubMed:1373816).
messages: By lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CBL (By similarity). Interacts with CSK (PubMed:8890164, PubMed:11685249). Interacts with LPXN (PubMed:15786712). Interacts with TRAF3 (via MATH domain); the interaction promotes TRAF3 polyubiquitination (PubMed:23871208).
messages: Knockout reduces the conversion of phosphoanandamide (p-AEA) to AEA in the brain.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-35 by PKC/PRKCD abrogates its ability to dephosphorylate and inactivate the SRC family kinases.

10090:Dppa5a
gene id: 10090:Dppa5a
uniprot id: Q9CQS7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the KHDC1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated by retinoic acid in embryonic carcinoma (EC) cells and in developing germ cells.
messages: Involved in the maintenance of embryonic stem (ES) cell pluripotency. Dispensable for self-renewal of pluripotent ES cells and establishment of germ cells. Associates with specific target mRNAs.
messages: Mice develop normally and are fertile. ES cells derived from these mice demonstrate normal morphology, proliferation and differentiation.
messages: Pluripotent cell-specific. Expressed in zygotes, cleavage-stage embryos and blastocysts, embryonic stem (ES) and embryonic germ (EG) cells. Detected in both the trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts. More abundant in the ICM than TE at 3.5 dpc blastocyst stage. Expressed in primordial germ (PGC) cells from 10.5 to 13.5 dpc. Expressed in developing gonads from 11.5 to 15.5 dpc. Progressively undetectable in ovary from 13.5 to 15.5 dpc. Undetectable in testis after 15.5 dpc. Not expressed in somatic cells at 13.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) and embryonic carcinoma (EC) cells. Not detected during the differentiation of stem cells or midgestation embryos nor in neonatal tissues. Weakly expressed or not detected in oocytes and fertilized eggs.

10090:Nexmif
gene id: 10090:Nexmif
uniprot id: Q5DTT1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the brain, particularly during the late embryonic and perinatal stages of development (PubMed:22531377). In the developing brain, it is expressed only in the cortical plate and subplate region but not in the intermediate or ventricular zone (PubMed:27822498).
messages: Involved in neurite outgrowth by regulating cell-cell adhesion via the N-cadherin signaling pathway. May act by regulating expression of protein-coding genes, such as N-cadherins and integrin beta-1 (ITGB1).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed in brain by postmitotic neurons from early development through early adulthood.

10090:Eaf1
gene id: 10090:Eaf1
uniprot id: Q9D4C5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a transcriptional transactivator of ELL and ELL2 elongation activities.
messages: Belongs to the EAF family.
messages: Cajal body
messages: Component of the super elongation complex (SEC), at least composed of EAF1, EAF2, CDK9, MLLT3/AF9, AFF (AFF1 or AFF4), the P-TEFb complex and ELL (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3). Interacts with ELL and ELL2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus speckle

10090:Mlph
gene id: 10090:Mlph
uniprot id: Q91V27
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds RAB27A that has been activated by GTP-binding via its N-terminus. Binds MYO5A via its C-terminal coiled coil domain.
messages: Highly expressed in embryos at day 7; not detectable at day 11. Highly expressed in adult stomach; detected at lower levels in kidney, lung, skin and small intestine. Detected in melanocytes.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Rab effector protein involved in melanosome transport. Serves as link between melanosome-bound RAB27A and the motor protein MYO5A.

10090:Slc23a2
gene id: 10090:Slc23a2
uniprot id: Q9EPR4
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Elevated expression levels in the adrenals of diabetic mice.
messages: Expressed in metabolically active and specialized tissues, including high expression in brain and adrenals. Detected in a wide range of tissues. Expression in kidney is almost undetectable.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Sodium/ascorbate cotransporter. Mediates electrogenic uptake of vitamin C, with a stoichiometry of 2 Na(+) for each ascorbate.

10090:Mov10l1
gene id: 10090:Mov10l1
uniprot id: Q99MV5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent RNA helicase required during spermatogenesis to repress transposable elements and prevent their mobilization, which is essential for germline integrity (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853, PubMed:23166510, PubMed:25762440). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853, PubMed:23166510, PubMed:25762440). Involved in the primary piRNA metabolic process (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853, PubMed:23166510, PubMed:25762440). Specifically binds to piRNA precursors and promotes the generation of intermediate piRNA processing fragments that are subsequently loaded to Piwi proteins (PubMed:25762440). Acts via its ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity: displays 5'-3' RNA unwinding activity and probably mediates unwinding and funneling of single-stranded piRNA precursor transcripts to the endonuclease that catalyzes the first cleavage step of piRNA processing to generate piRNA intermediate fragments that are subsequently loaded to Piwi proteins (PubMed:25762440).
messages: Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family. SDE3 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is first observed in the linear heart tube at 8 dpc. The highest expression is in the region that will give rise to the ventricular segments. At 9.5 dpc, the ventricular expression is maintained in the looped heart tube. In the adult, expression is observed exclusively within myocardial cells.
messages: Interacts with PIWIL1 (PubMed:20534472). Interacts with PIWIL2 (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). Interacts with PIWIL4 (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). Interacts with HSPA2 (PubMed:20547853). Interacts with PLD6 (PubMed:25762440).
messages: Isoform 1: Specifically expressed in testis (PubMed:12754203). Isoform 1: In testis, present in pachytene spermatocytes but absent in postmeiotic spermatids (at protein level) (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). Isoform 2: Present in cardiomyocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:11279525). Isoform 2: Heart specific (PubMed:11854500). Isoform 3: Heart specific and is specifically expressed in cardiac myocytes (PubMed:12754203).
messages: Isoform 2: Activated by MEF2C. Isoform 3: Activated by Nkx2-5.
messages: May act downstream of MEF2C during heart formation. Acts as a cardiac-specific suppressor of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell cycle progression, suggesting that it may suppress these processes through the regulation of CDKN1A. Such results however require additional evidence.
messages: Mice are viable and healthy but show male sterility due to defects in spermatogenesis at early prophase of meiosis I (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853, PubMed:23166510). Retrotransposons are derepressed due to DNA demethylation (PubMed:20534472). Defects are caused by impaired piRNA biogenesis during pachytene (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). The absence of pachytene piRNAs causes disruption of germ cell development and results in defects in post-meiotic genome integrity (PubMed:23166510). Mice do not show any cardiac abnormalities (PubMed:20547853).

10090:Txn1
gene id: 10090:Txn1
uniprot id: P10639
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADF augments the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55).
messages: Belongs to the thioredoxin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with TXNIP through the redox-active site. Interacts with MAP3K5 and CASP3. Interacts with APEX1; the interaction stimulates the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in a redox-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: In the fully reduced protein, both Cys-69 and Cys-73 are nitrosylated in response to nitric oxide (NO). When two disulfide bonds are present in the protein, only Cys-73 is nitrosylated. Cys-73 can serve as donor for nitrosylation of target proteins (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions (By similarity). Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Opn4
gene id: 10090:Opn4
uniprot id: Q9QXZ9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: About 40 times more abundant than isoform 1 in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:19793992). Isoform 2 is involved in processes localized to the outer IPL or is bistratified with processes in both the inner and outer layers of the IPL (at protein level) (PubMed:19793992). Isoform 2 is absent in the processes confined only to the inner layer of the IPL (at protein level) (PubMed:19793992).
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Opsin subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the inner retina at postnatal day 5 (P5), and expressed in retinal ganglion cells at P12.
messages: Expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium and ganglion cell layer (at protein level) (PubMed:10632589, PubMed:30240620, PubMed:31607531). Also expressed in amacrine cell layers of the retina (PubMed:10632589). Weakly expressed in vibrissae, and tail (PubMed:31607531).
messages: Mice fail to show a pupillar reflex, photoentrainment of the circadian clock and other non-image forming responses to light (PubMed:12808468). Newborn mice show normal hyaloid vessel numbers and normal vessel cellularity, however vessel numbers are increased by P8 (PubMed:30936473). In Opn4 and Pde6b double knockout mice optokinetic visual tracking response is abolished (PubMed:26392540).
messages: Observed with processes in the outer strata of inner plexiform layer (IPL) close to the inner nuclear layer (INL) or is found to be bistratified with processes located both in the inner (ON) or outer (OFF) layers of the IPL (at protein level) (PubMed:19793992). A second population of isoform 1 is identified in processes which are confined to the inner layer of the IPL near to the ganglion cell layer (GCL) (at protein level) (PubMed:19793992).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Photoreceptor that binds cis-retinaldehydes (PubMed:19793992). Contributes to pupillar reflex, photoentrainment and other non-image forming responses to light (PubMed:12808468). May be involved in the optokinetic visual tracking response (PubMed:26392540). May be involved in the regulation of retinal hyaloid vessel growth and regression (PubMed:30936473).
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Cbfa2t2
gene id: 10090:Cbfa2t2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1D5
uniprot id: O70374
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CBFA2T family.
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem cells.
messages: First expression detected on embryonic day 11.5.
messages: Homooligomer. Homotetramerization is mediated by the NHR2 domain. Interacts with CBFA2T3/MTG16 (PubMed:19799863). Can interact with RUNX1T1/CBFA2T1. Heterotetramerization between members of the CBFA2T family is proposed (By similarity). Interacts with RBP, GFI1, TCF4, PRDM14 (PubMed:25398765, PubMed:18039847, PubMed:27281218). Interacts with TAL1 and CBFA2T3/MTG16; the heteromer with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may function in repression of TAL1 (PubMed:19799863).
messages: Loss of Mtgr1 impairs the maturation of secretory cells in the small intestine.
messages: Nervy homology region 2 (NHR2) mediates homo- and possibly heterotypic oligomerization by forming a four-helix bundle tetrameric structure.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for tumorigenesis in a AOM/DSS colitis-associated carcinoma model. May be involved in intestinal tumorigenesis.
messages: Transcriptional corepressor which facilitates transcriptional repression via its association with DNA-binding transcription factors and recruitment of other corepressors and histone-modifying enzymes. Via association with PRDM14 is involved in regulation of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency. Involved in primordial germ cell (PCG) formation (PubMed:27281218). Stabilizes PRDM14 and OCT4 on chromatin in a homooligomerization-dependent mannerCan repress the expression of MMP7 in a ZBTB33-dependent manner (By similarity). Through heteromerization with CBFA2T3/MTG16 may be involved in regulation of the proliferation and the differentiation of erythroid progenitors by repressing the expression of TAL1 target genes (PubMed:19799863). Required for the maintenance of the secretory cell lineage in the small intestine (PubMed:16227606). Can inhibit Notch signaling probably by association with RBPJ and may be involved in GFI1-mediated Paneth cell differentiation (PubMed:25398765).

10090:Gpr160
gene id: 10090:Gpr160
uniprot id: Q3U3F9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Lrch3
gene id: 10090:Lrch3
uniprot id: Q8BVU0
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the DISP complex, may regulate the association of septins with actin and thereby regulate the actin cytoskeleton.
messages: Component of the DOCK7-induced septin displacement/DISP complex, at least composed of DOCK7, LRCH3 and MYO6.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Predicted to contain a signal peptide and to be secreted. However, this is not consistent with an interaction with DOCK7 and MYO6 and the suggested function in cytoskeleton organization.

10090:Hsf1
gene id: 10090:Hsf1
uniprot id: A0A075F5C6
uniprot id: A0A075F6C2
uniprot id: A0A075F882
uniprot id: A0A075F891
uniprot id: P38532
uniprot id: Q52L52
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on Lys-118; this acetylation is decreased in a IER5-dependent manner. Acetylated on Lys-118, Lys-208 and Lys-298; these acetylations occur in a EP300-dependent manner. Acetylated on Lys-80; this acetylation inhibits DNA-binding activity upon heat shock. Deacetylated on Lys-80 by SIRT1; this deacetylation increases DNA-binding activity.
messages: Belongs to the HSF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as a stress-inducible and DNA-binding transcription factor that plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of the heat shock response (HSR), leading to the expression of a large class of molecular chaperones, heat shock proteins (HSPs), that protect cells from cellular insult damage. In unstressed cells, is present in a HSP90-containing multichaperone complex that maintains it in a non-DNA-binding inactivated monomeric form. Upon exposure to heat and other stress stimuli, undergoes homotrimerization and activates HSP gene transcription through binding to site-specific heat shock elements (HSEs) present in the promoter regions of HSP genes. Upon heat shock stress, forms a chromatin-associated complex with TTC5/STRAP and p300/EP300 to stimulate HSR transcription, therefore increasing cell survival. Activation is reversible, and during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the HSR, returns to its unactivated form. Binds to inverted 5'-NGAAN-3' pentamer DNA sequences. Binds to chromatin at heat shock gene promoters. Activates transcription of transcription factor FOXR1 which in turn activates transcription of the heat shock chaperones HSPA1A and HSPA6 and the antioxidant NADPH-dependent reductase DHRS2. Also serves several other functions independently of its transcriptional activity. Involved in the repression of Ras-induced transcriptional activation of the c-fos gene in heat-stressed cells. Positively regulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing and polyadenylation of HSP70 mRNA upon heat-stressed cells in a symplekin (SYMPK)-dependent manner. Plays a role in nuclear export of stress-induced HSP70 mRNA. Plays a role in the regulation of mitotic progression. Also plays a role as a negative regulator of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair activity in a DNA damage-dependent manner. Involved in stress-induced cancer cell proliferation in a IER5-dependent manner.
messages: In unstressed cells, spontaneous homotrimerization is inhibited. Intramolecular interactions between the hydrophobic repeat HR-A/B and HR-C regions are necessary to maintain HSF1 in the inactive, monomeric conformation. Furthermore, intramolecular interactions between the regulatory domain and the nonadjacent transactivation domain prevents transcriptional activation, a process that is relieved upon heat shock. The regulatory domain is necessary for full repression of the transcriptional activation domain in unstressed cells through its phosphorylation on Ser-303 and Ser-307. In heat stressed cells, HSF1 homotrimerization occurs through formation of a three-stranded coiled-coil structure generated by intermolecular interactions between HR-A/B regions allowing DNA-binding activity. The D domain is necessary for translocation to the nucleus, interaction with JNK1 and MAPK3 and efficient JNK1- and MAPK3-dependent phosphorylation. The regulatory domain confers heat shock inducibility on the transcriptional transactivation domain. The regulatory domain is necessary for transcriptional activation through its phosphorylation on Ser-230 upon heat shock. 9aaTAD is a transactivation motif present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Monomer; cytoplasmic latent and transcriptionally inactive monomeric form in unstressed cells. Homotrimer; in response to stress, such as heat shock, homotrimerizes and translocates into the nucleus, binds to heat shock element (HSE) sequences in promoter of heat shock protein (HSP) genes and acquires transcriptional ability. Interacts (via monomeric form) with FKBP4; this interaction occurs in unstressed cells. Associates (via monomeric form) with HSP90 proteins in a multichaperone complex in unnstressed cell; this association maintains HSF1 in a non-DNA-binding and transcriptional inactive form by preventing HSF1 homotrimerization. Homotrimeric transactivation activity is modulated by protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications. Interacts with HSP90AA1; this interaction is decreased in a IER5-dependent manner, promoting HSF1 accumulation in the nucleus, homotrimerization and DNA-binding activities. Part (via regulatory domain in the homotrimeric form) of a large heat shock-induced HSP90-dependent multichaperone complex at least composed of FKBP4, FKBP5, HSP90 proteins, PPID, PPP5C and PTGES3; this association maintains the HSF1 homotrimeric DNA-bound form in a transcriptionally inactive form. Interacts with BAG3 (via BAG domain); this interaction occurs in normal and heat-shocked cells promoting nuclear shuttling of HSF1 in a BAG3-dependent manner. Interacts (via homotrimeric and hyperphosphorylated form) with FKBP4; this interaction occurs upon heat shock in a HSP90-dependent multichaperone complex. Interacts (via homotrimeric form preferentially) with EEF1A proteins. In heat shocked cells, stress-denatured proteins compete with HSF1 homotrimeric DNA-bound form for association of the HSP90-dependent multichaperone complex, and hence alleviating repression of HSF1-mediated transcriptional activity. Interacts (via homotrimeric form preferentially) with DAXX; this interaction relieves homotrimeric HSF1 from repression of its transcriptional act…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylated in unstressed cells; this phosphorylation is constitutive and implicated in the repression of HSF1 transcriptional activity. Phosphorylated on Ser-121 by MAPKAPK2; this phosphorylation promotes interaction with HSP90 proteins and inhibits HSF1 homotrimerization, DNA-binding and transactivation activities. Phosphorylation on Ser-303 by GSK3B/GSK3-beat and on Ser-307 by MAPK3 within the regulatory domain is involved in the repression of HSF1 transcriptional activity and occurs in a RAF1-dependent manner. Phosphorylation on Ser-303 and Ser-307 increases HSF1 nuclear export in a YWHAE- and XPO1/CRM1-dependent manner. Phosphorylation on Ser-307 is a prerequisite for phosphorylation on Ser-303. According to, Ser-303 is not phosphorylated in unstressed cells. Phosphorylated on Ser-415 by PLK1; phosphorylation promotes nuclear translocation upon heat shock. Hyperphosphorylated upon heat shock and during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the heat shock response. Phosphorylated on Thr-142; this phosphorylation increases HSF1 transactivation activity upon heat shock. Phosphorylation on Ser-230 by CAMK2A; this phosphorylation enhances HSF1 transactivation activity upon heat shock. Phosphorylation on Ser-326 by MAPK12; this phosphorylation enhances HSF1 nuclear translocation, homotrimerization and transactivation activities upon heat shock. Phosphorylated on Ser-320 by PRKACA/PKA; this phosphorylation promotes nuclear localization and transcriptional activity upon heat shock. Phosphorylated by MAPK8; this phosphorylation occurs upon heat shock, induces HSF1 translocation into nuclear stress bodies and negatively regulates transactivation activity. Neither basal nor stress-inducible phosphorylation on Ser-230, Ser-292, Ser-303, Ser-307, Ser-314, Ser-319, Ser-320, Thr-323, Ser-326, Ser-338, Ser-345, Ser-364 and Thr-365 within the regulatory domain is involved in the regulation of HSF1 subcellular localization or DNA-binding activity; howev…
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1 and SUMO2 upon heat shock in a ERK2-dependent manner. Sumoylated by SUMO1 on Lys-298; sumoylation occurs upon heat shock and promotes its localization to nuclear stress bodies and DNA-binding activity. Phosphorylation on Ser-303 and Ser-307 is probably a prerequisite for sumoylation.
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(BTRC) and degraded following stimulus-dependent phosphorylation at Ser-216 by PLK1 in mitosis. Polyubiquitinated. Undergoes proteasomal degradation upon heat shock and during the attenuation and recovery phase period of the heat shock response.
messages: centrosome
messages: kinetochore
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: perinuclear region
messages: spindle pole

10090:Gm21201
gene id: 10090:Gm21201
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Kcnk7
gene id: 10090:Kcnk7
uniprot id: A0A494B9E8
uniprot id: Q9JJ14
uniprot id: Q9Z2T1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Detected in embryo, eye, lung and liver. Weakly expressed in colon, testis, atria, kidney, intestine, bladder, uterus, ovary, salivary gland, thymus and brain stem. Not detected in brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, heart, ventricle, skeletal muscle, liver, placenta and pancreas. In the eye, highly expressed in the retinal ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable potassium channel subunit. No channel activity observed in vitro as protein remains in the endoplasmic reticulum. May need to associate with an as yet unknown partner in order to reach the plasma membrane.

10090:Rbm4
gene id: 10090:Rbm4
uniprot id: Q8C7Q4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Accumulates according to a circadian rhythm in the SCN.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Expressed in myocytes; expression gradually increases during muscle cell differentiation (at protein level). Expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
messages: Interacts with TNPO3; the interaction mediates nuclear import of the protein and is disrupted by nuclear Ran bound to GTP. Interacts with EIF4G1 and WT1. Interacts with EIF4A1; the interaction is modulated under stress-induced conditions. Interacts with AGO1. Interacts with AGO2; the interaction occurs under both cell proliferation and differentiation conditions and in an RNA- and phosphorylation-independent manner. Interacts with DDX5; the interaction occurs in an RNA-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylated in vitro on Ser-306 by SRPK1. Phosphorylation on Ser-306 is induced upon cell stress signaling, which alters its subcellular localization and may modulate its activity on IRES-mediated mRNA translation (By similarity). Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-306 is induced upon cell muscle differentiation.
messages: RNA-binding factor involved in multiple aspects of cellular processes like alternative splicing of pre-mRNA and translation regulation. Modulates alternative 5'-splice site and exon selection. Acts as a muscle cell differentiation-promoting factor. Activates exon skipping of the PTB pre-mRNA during muscle cell differentiation. Antagonizes the activity of the splicing factor PTBP1 to modulate muscle cell-specific exon selection of alpha tropomyosin. Binds to intronic pyrimidine-rich sequence of the TPM1 and MAPT pre-mRNAs. Required for the translational activation of PER1 mRNA in response to circadian clock. Binds directly to the 3'-UTR of the PER1 mRNA. Exerts a suppressive activity on Cap-dependent translation via binding to CU-rich responsive elements within the 3'UTR of mRNAs, a process increased under stress conditions or during myocytes differentiation. Recruits EIF4A1 to stimulate IRES-dependent translation initiation in respons to cellular stress. Associates to internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) in target mRNA species under stress conditions. Plays a role for miRNA-guided RNA cleavage and translation suppression by promoting association of AGO2-containing miRNPs with their cognate target mRNAs. Associates with miRNAs during muscle cell differentiation. Binds preferentially to 5'-CGCGCG[GCA]-3' motif in vitro.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Glb1l3
gene id: 10090:Glb1l3
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSK9
uniprot id: A2RSQ1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family.

10090:Farsb
gene id: 10090:Farsb
uniprot id: Q9CZU5
uniprot id: Q9WUA2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase beta subunit family. Type 2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterotetramer; dimer of two heterodimers formed by FARSA and FARSB.

10090:Mtif2
gene id: 10090:Mtif2
uniprot id: Q91YJ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. IF-2 subfamily.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer.
messages: One of the essential components for the initiation of protein synthesis. Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex (By similarity).

10090:Slc29a1
gene id: 10090:Slc29a1
uniprot id: Q3TCZ2
uniprot id: Q9JIM1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC29A/ENT transporter (TC 2.A.57) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in heart, spleen, lung, liver and testis. Lower level of expression in brain and kidney.
messages: Identified in a complex with STOM.
messages: Mediates both influx and efflux of nucleosides across the membrane (equilibrative transporter). It is sensitive (ES) to low concentrations of the inhibitor nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR) and is sodium-independent. It has a higher affinity for adenosine. Resistant to dipyridamole and dilazep inhibition (anticancer chemotherapeutics drugs).
messages: Membrane

10090:Inhba
gene id: 10090:Inhba
uniprot id: Q04998
uniprot id: Q3UY39
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Dimeric, linked by one or more disulfide bonds. Inhibin A is a dimer of alpha and beta-A. Inhibin B is a dimer of alpha and beta-B. Activin A is a homodimer of beta-A. Activin B is a homodimer of beta-B. Activin AB is a dimer of beta-A and beta-B. Interacts with FST and FSTL3 (By similarity).
messages: Inhibins and activins inhibit and activate, respectively, the secretion of follitropin by the pituitary gland. Inhibins/activins are involved in regulating a number of diverse functions such as hypothalamic and pituitary hormone secretion, gonadal hormone secretion, germ cell development and maturation, erythroid differentiation, insulin secretion, nerve cell survival, embryonic axial development or bone growth, depending on their subunit composition. Inhibins appear to oppose the functions of activins.
messages: Secreted
messages: Uterus, ovary and liver.

10090:Epha6
gene id: 10090:Epha6
uniprot id: G1K381
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Shld2
gene id: 10090:Shld2
uniprot id: Q3UEN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SHLD2 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the shieldin complex, consisting of SHLD1, SHLD2, SHLD3 and MAD2L2/REV7. Within the complex, SHLD2 forms a scaffold which interacts with a SHLD3-MAD2L2 subcomplex via its N-terminus, and with SHLD1 via its C-terminus. Interacts with TP53BP1. Interacts with RIF1.
messages: Component of the shieldin complex, which plays an important role in repair of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs). During G1 and S phase of the cell cycle, the complex functions downstream of TP53BP1 to promote non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and suppress DNA end resection. Mediates various NHEJ-dependent processes including immunoglobulin class-switch recombination, and fusion of unprotected telomeres.

10090:Gng5
gene id: 10090:Gng5
uniprot id: Q3UKC8
uniprot id: Q80SZ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G protein gamma family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr352
gene id: 10090:Olfr352
uniprot id: Q8VGJ9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pi16
gene id: 10090:Pi16
uniprot id: Q9ET66
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CRISP family.
messages: Expressed strongly in aorta and skin, and weakly in adipose tissue (at protein level). In heart, found in the extracellular space surrounding cardiomyocytes (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with PSP94/MSMB.
messages: May inhibit cardiomyocyte growth.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in a mouse model of heart failure.

10090:Pkd1
gene id: 10090:Pkd1
uniprot id: O08852
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After synthesis, undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage between Leu-3040 and Thr-3041 in the GPS domain (PubMed:25405894). Cleavage at the GPS domain occurs through a cis-autoproteolytic mechanism involving an ester-intermediate via N-O acyl rearrangement (By similarity). This process takes place in the early secretory pathway, depends on initial N-glycosylation, and requires the REJ domain (By similarity). PKD1 is ubiquitously and incompletely cleaved in wild-type mice, so that uncleaved and cleaved PKD1 molecules coexist. The differential patterns of cleavage during embryonic development, as well as in adult mice, suggest different functions of uncleaved and cleaved molecules (PubMed:18003909).
messages: Belongs to the polycystin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a heteromeric calcium-permeable ion channel formed by PKD1 and PKD2 that is activated by interaction between PKD1 and a Wnt family member, such as WNT3A and WNT9B. Both PKD1 and PKD2 are required for channel activity (By similarity). Involved in renal tubulogenesis (PubMed:24939912). Involved in fluid-flow mechanosensation by the primary cilium in renal epithelium (PubMed:12514735). Acts as a regulator of cilium length, together with PKD2 (PubMed:20096584). The dynamic control of cilium length is essential in the regulation of mechanotransductive signaling. The cilium length response creates a negative feedback loop whereby fluid shear-mediated deflection of the primary cilium, which decreases intracellular cAMP, leads to cilium shortening and thus decreases flow-induced signaling. May be an ion-channel regulator. Involved in adhesive protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with PKD2; the interaction is required for ciliary localization (PubMed:25405894). Component of a heterotetrameric channel complex with PKD2; the tetramer contains one PKD1 chain and three PKD2 chains (By similarity). Interacts with PKD2L1 (PubMed:15548533). Interacts with PRKX; involved in differentiation and controlled morphogenesis of the kidney. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with WNT3A, WNT4 and WNT9B (By similarity). Interacts with WNT5A, DVL1 and DVL2 (PubMed:27214281). Interacts with NPHP1 (via SH3 domain) (PubMed:20856870). Interacts with BBS1, BBS4, BBS5 and TTC8. Interacts with RGS7 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal domain) with RABEP1; the interaction connects PKD1:PKD2 to GGA1 and ARL3 that mediate the ciliary targeting (PubMed:25405894).
messages: Knockin mice expressing non-cleavable PKD1 show a hypomorphic phenotype. They are viable, show rapid cystic dilation in renal collecting duct and distal convoluted tubule, but not in the proximal portion of the nephron, during the postnatal period, and die with severe uremia, mostly at 3 weeks of age. Additionally, they show dilation of the common bile duct and intrahepatic biliary ducts, but develop a normal pancreas within their life span.
messages: The LDL-receptor class A domain is atypical; the potential calcium-binding site is missing.
messages: cilium

10090:Smap2
gene id: 10090:Smap2
uniprot id: Q7TN29
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GTPase activating protein that acts on ARF1. Can also activate ARF6 (in vitro). May play a role in clathrin-dependent retrograde transport from early endosomes to the trans-Golgi network.
messages: Interacts with ARF1. Interacts with PICALM and clathrin heavy chains.

10090:Cd163
gene id: 10090:Cd163
uniprot id: B7ZMW6
uniprot id: Q2VLH6
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A soluble form (sCD163) is produced by proteolytic shedding which can be induced by lipopolysaccharide, phorbol ester and Fc region of immunoglobulin gamma. This cleavage is dependent on protein kinase C and tyrosine kinases and can be blocked by protease inhibitors. The shedding is inhibited by the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase TIMP3, and thus probably induced by membrane-bound metalloproteinases ADAMs (By similarity).
messages: After shedding, the soluble form (sCD163) may play an anti-inflammatory role.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in monocytes and mature macrophages such as Kupffer cells in the liver, red pulp macrophages in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes.
messages: Induced by anti-inflammatory mediators such as glucocorticoids and IL10; suppressed by IL4.
messages: Interacts with CSNK2B.
messages: Involved in clearance and endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes by macrophages and may thereby protect tissues from free hemoglobin-mediated oxidative damage. May play a role in the uptake and recycling of iron, via endocytosis of hemoglobin/haptoglobin and subsequent breakdown of heme. Binds hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes in a calcium-dependent and pH-dependent manner. Induces a cascade of intracellular signals that involves tyrosine kinase-dependent calcium mobilization, inositol triphosphate production and secretion of IL6 and CSF1 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted
messages: The SRCR domain 3 mediates calcium-sensitive interaction with hemoglobin/haptoglobin complexes.

10090:Cntnap3
gene id: 10090:Cntnap3
uniprot id: E9PY62
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the neurexin family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nt5dc2
gene id: 10090:Nt5dc2
uniprot id: A0A2I3BR81
uniprot id: Q91X76
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.

10090:Sult2a2
gene id: 10090:Sult2a2
uniprot id: Q3UEP5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Gys1
gene id: 10090:Gys1
uniprot id: Q9Z1E4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Allosteric activation by glucose-6-phosphate. Phosphorylation reduces the activity towards UDP-glucose. When in the non-phosphorylated state, glycogen synthase does not require glucose-6-phosphate as an allosteric activator; when phosphorylated it does (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 3 family.
messages: Interacts with GYG1.
messages: Primed phosphorylation at Ser-657 (site 5) by CSNK2A1 and CSNK2A2 is required for inhibitory phosphorylation at Ser-641 (site 3a), Ser-645 (site 3b), Ser-649 (site 3c) and Ser-653 (site 4) by GSK3A an GSK3B. Phosphorylated at Ser-641 by PASK, leading to inactivation; phosphorylation by PASK is inhibited by glycogen. Phosphorylated at Ser-641 by DYRK2, leading to inactivation. Dephosphorylation at Ser-641 and Ser-645 by PP1 activates the enzyme (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-8 by AMPK inactivates the enzyme activity.
messages: Transfers the glycosyl residue from UDP-Glc to the non-reducing end of alpha-1,4-glucan.

10090:Ndor1
gene id: 10090:Ndor1
uniprot id: A2AI05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NADPH-dependent diflavin oxidoreductase NDOR1 family.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the flavodoxin family.
messages: Interacts with CIAPIN1; as part of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery (By similarity). Interacts with DCPS (By similarity).
messages: NADPH-dependent reductase which is a central component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe-S) protein assembly (CIA) machinery. Transfers electrons from NADPH via its FAD and FMN prosthetic groups to the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CIAPIN1, another key component of the CIA machinery. In turn, this reduced cluster provides electrons for assembly of cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster proteins. It can also reduce the [2Fe-2S] cluster of CISD1 and activate this protein implicated in Fe/S cluster repair (By similarity). In vitro can fully activate methionine synthase/MTR in the presence of soluble cytochrome b5/CYB5A (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Slco6c1
gene id: 10090:Slco6c1
uniprot id: Q8C0X7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auxiliary component of the CatSper complex, a complex involved in sperm cell hyperactivation.
messages: Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family.
messages: Component of the CatSper complex or CatSpermasome composed of the core pore-forming members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 as well as auxiliary members CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD, CATSPERE, CATSPERZ, C2CD6/CATSPERT, SLCO6C1, TMEM249, TMEM262 and EFCAB9 (PubMed:34225353). HSPA1 may be an additional auxiliary complex member (By similarity). The core complex members CATSPER1, CATSPER2, CATSPER3 and CATSPER4 form a heterotetrameric channel (PubMed:34225353). The auxiliary CATSPERB, CATSPERG2, CATSPERD and CATSPERE subunits form a pavilion-like structure over the pore which stabilizes the complex through interactions with CATSPER4, CATSPER3, CATSPER1 and CATSPER2 respectively (PubMed:34225353). SLCO6C1 interacts with CATSPERE and TMEM262/CATSPERH interacts with CATSPERB, further stabilizing the complex (PubMed:34225353) (By similarity). C2CD6/CATSPERT interacts at least with CATSPERD and is required for targeting the CatSper complex in the flagellar membrane (Probable).
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Galnt1
gene id: 10090:Galnt1
uniprot id: O08912
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor (PubMed:9153242, PubMed:10037781). Has a broad spectrum of substrates such as apomucin-, MUC5AC-, MUC1- and MUC2-derived peptides (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain directs the glycopeptide specificity. It is required in the glycopeptide specificity of enzyme activity but not for activity with naked peptide substrates, suggesting that it triggers the catalytic domain to act on GalNAc-glycopeptide substrates (By similarity).
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.
messages: Widely expressed at high level. Higher expression in kidney, heart, small intestine and cervix and to a lesser extent in all the other tissues tested.

10090:Dtx3
gene id: 10090:Dtx3
uniprot id: E9Q3J1
uniprot id: Q80V91
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Deltex family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. May form a heterodimer with other members of the Deltex family. Interacts with NOTCH1.
messages: In the CNS, it is expressed in the developing neural tube starting from 10.5 dpc in the spinal cord and around 11.5 dpc in the telencephalon. Expressed ubiquitously throughout the spinal cord and telencephalon during neurogenesis. Expressed throughout the developing retina at 15.5 dpc. Not expressed in the somite or presomite during somitogenesis. Expressed slightly later that Dtx2.
messages: Regulator of Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communications that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Probably acts both as a positive and negative regulator of Notch, depending on the developmental and cell context. Functions as a ubiquitin ligase protein in vitro, suggesting that it may regulate the Notch pathway via some ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: Strongly expressed in testis and brain. Weakly expressed in kidney.

10090:Sptlc1
gene id: 10090:Sptlc1
uniprot id: O35704
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in a variety of tissues. Highest expression in brain, kidney and liver (PubMed:21994399). Expressed in brown and white adipose tissues (PubMed:27818258).
messages: Expression levels at protein level increase upon high-fat diet. mRNA levels remain unchanged.
messages: Heterodimer with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3. Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex, composed of SPTLC1, either SPTLC2 or SPTLC3, and either SPTSSA or SPTSSB. The composition of the complex will define the substrate specificity. Interacts with SPTSSA and SPTSSB; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ORMDL3 (By similarity). Interacts with RTN4 (isoform B) (PubMed:26301690).
messages: Highly expressed after birth, expression decreases 2 weeks after birth and is maintained until, at least, 18 months.
messages: Knockout are lethal at embryonic stage (PubMed:28100772). Conditional knockouts specific to the adipose tissue develop adipose tissue but exhibit a striking age dependent loss of adipose tissue accompanied by evidence of adipocyte death, increased macrophage infiltration and tissue fibrosis. They also have elevated fasting blood glucose, fatty liver and insulin resistance. They show a significant reduction of total sphingomyelin levels in the adipose tissue (PubMed:28100772).
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-164 inhibits activity and promotes cell survival.
messages: Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) (PubMed:28100772). The heterodimer formed with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex displays a strong preference for C18-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB isozyme has the ability to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs (By similarity). Required for adipocyte cell viability and metabolic homeostasis (PubMed:28100772).

10090:Tas2r104
gene id: 10090:Tas2r104
uniprot id: Q7M723
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Olfr669
gene id: 10090:Olfr669
uniprot id: Q8VGU9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr368
gene id: 10090:Olfr368
uniprot id: Q8VF22
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nfe2
gene id: 10090:Nfe2
uniprot id: Q07279
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. CNC subfamily.
messages: Component of the NF-E2 complex essential for regulating erythroid and megakaryocytic maturation and differentiation. Binds to the hypersensitive site 2 (HS2) of the beta-globin control region (LCR). This subunit (NFE2) recognizes the TCAT/C sequence of the AP-1-like core palindrome present in a number of erythroid and megakaryocytic gene promoters. Requires MAFK or other small MAF proteins for binding to the NF-E2 motif. May play a role in all aspects of hemoglobin production from globin and heme synthesis to procurement of iron.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; can bind DNA as a homodimer (By similarity). Erythroid transcription activator nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 (NF-E2), composed of a heterodimer of NFE2 and MAFK, possesses transactivation activity on beta-globin. Also forms high affinity heterodimer with MAFG; the interaction promotes erythropoiesis. Interacts (via the PXY motif 1) with ITCH (via the WW 1 domain); the interaction promotes 'Lys63'-linked ubiquitination of NFE2, translocates it to the cytoplasm and inhibits its transactivation activity. Interacts with KMT2D/MLL2; the interaction promotes transactivation of the beta-globin locus. Interacts with MAPK8 (phosphorylated form); the interaction leads to phosphorylation of NFE2 in undifferentiated cells.
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues. In undifferentiated erythrocytes, phosphorylated by MAPK8 which then leads to ubiquitination and protein degradation (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation is required for translocation to nuclear bodies PODs, anchoring to the gene loci, and transactivation of the beta-globin gene (By similarity).
messages: The PXY motifs are required for binding WW domains. PXY1 is required to promote transactivation of beta-globin and for hyperacetylation of histone H3, but not for binding to the HS2 promoter site.
messages: Ubiquitinated mainly by 'Lys63'-linked ubiquitin (By similarity). Polyubiquitination with 'Lys63'-linked ubiquitin by ITCH retains NFE2 in the cytoplasm preventing its transactivation activity (By similarity). In undifferentiated erythrocyte, ubiquitinated after MAPK8-mediatd phosphorylation leading to protein degradation.

10090:Itga5
gene id: 10090:Itga5
uniprot id: P11688
uniprot id: Q80YP5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit is composed of a heavy and a light chain linked by a disulfide bond. Alpha-5 associates with beta-1. Interacts with NISCH (PubMed:11121431, PubMed:14535848, PubMed:15229651). Interacts with HPS5 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB21 and COMP. Interacts with CIB1 (By similarity). ITGA5:ITGB1 interacts with CCN3 (By similarity). ITGA5:ITGB1 interacts with FBN1 (By similarity). ITGA5:ITGB1 interacts with IL1B (By similarity). ITGA5:ITGB1 interacts with ACE2 (By similarity). Interacts with ANGPT2 (By similarity).
messages: Integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1) is a receptor for fibronectin and fibrinogen. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in its ligands. ITGA5:ITGB1 binds to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1. ITGA5:ITGB1 acts as a receptor for fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and mediates R-G-D-dependent cell adhesion to FBN1. ITGA5:ITGB1 is a receptor for IL1B and binding is essential for IL1B signaling. ITGA5:ITGB3 is a receptor for soluble CD40LG and is required for CD40/CD40LG signaling (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice die at 10-11 dpc. They show both extraembryonic and embryonic vascular defects, and severe abnormalities in the development of the posterior trunk.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage by PCSK5 mediates activation of the precursor.
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Gsg1l2
gene id: 10090:Gsg1l2
uniprot id: M0QWL6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GSG1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mctp1
gene id: 10090:Mctp1
uniprot id: E9PV86
uniprot id: E9PW38
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MCTP family.
messages: Binds Ca(2+) via the C2 domains in absence of phospholipids.
messages: Calcium sensor which is essential for the stabilization of normal baseline neurotransmitter release and for the induction and long-term maintenance of presynaptic homeostatic plasticity.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Kars
gene id: 10090:Kars
uniprot id: Q3TIV6
uniprot id: Q8R2P8
uniprot id: Q99MN1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a 2 step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of the tRNA. When secreted, acts as a signaling molecule that induces immune response through the activation of monocyte/macrophages. Catalyzes the synthesis of the signaling molecule diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), and thereby mediates disruption of the complex between HINT1 and MITF and the concomitant activation of MITF transcriptional activity.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Part of the multisynthetase complex (MSC), a multisubunit complex that groups tRNA ligases for Arg (RARS), Asp (DARS), Gln (QARS), Ile (IARS), Leu (LARS), Lys (KARS), Met (MARS) the bifunctional ligase for Glu and Pro (EPRS) and the auxiliary subunits AIMP1/p43, AIMP2/p38 and EEF1E1/p18 (PubMed:14975237). Interacts with AIMP2 (via N-terminus) and MITF (PubMed:14975237). Interacts with TARSL2 (By similarity).
messages: It is likely that the same gene provides both this cytoplasmic isoform and an additional mitochondrial isoform.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on a serine residue after mast cell stimulation with immunoglobulin E (IgE).
messages: Secreted
messages: Shares a bidirectional promoter with Terf2ip/Rap1.
messages: The N-terminal domain (1-65) is a functional tRNA-binding domain and is involved in the interaction with DARS, but has a repulsive role in the binding to EEF1A1. A central domain (208-259) is involved in homodimerization. The C-terminal domain (452-597) is not required for interaction with AIMP2 (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Klhl40
gene id: 10090:Klhl40
uniprot id: A0A0R4J166
uniprot id: Q9D783
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A band
messages: Absent early during embryogenesis (7 dpc), present at the middle stage (11 dpc) and highly expressed at the later stages (15 dpc and 17 dpc) (PubMed:24361185). Specifically expressed in the somites at 11.5 dpc and in the skeletal muscle at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:24361185).
messages: Belongs to the KLHL40 family.
messages: Component of the BCR(KLHL40) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, KLHL40 and RBX1 (PubMed:24361185). Interacts with LMOD3 (PubMed:24960163).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: I band
messages: Neonates are normal in size at birth and were born with the expected Mendelian ratio (PubMed:24960163, PubMed:25940086). They however fail to gain weight and do not survive to weaning (PubMed:24960163, PubMed:25940086). Defects are due to smaller muscle fibers and a disorganized sarcomeric structure (PubMed:24960163, PubMed:25940086).
messages: Specifically expressed in skeletal muscles in embryonic, neonatal and adults (PubMed:24960163, PubMed:25940086). Expressed in various types of muscles, including extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius, soleus, diaphragm, masseter and heart (at protein level). Not detected in brain, liver and lung (at protein level).
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that acts as a key regulator of skeletal muscle development (PubMed:25940086). The BCR(KLHL40) complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of TFDP1, thereby regulating the activity of the E2F:DP transcription factor complex (PubMed:25940086). Promotes stabilization of LMOD3 by acting as a negative regulator of LMOD3 ubiquitination; the molecular process by which it negatively regulates ubiquitination of LMOD3 is however unclear (PubMed:24960163).
messages: Up-regulated during myogenic differentiation (PubMed:24361185). Induced during the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes (PubMed:23746549).

10090:Mcph1
gene id: 10090:Mcph1
uniprot id: Q7TT79
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: BRCT domain 1 is required to prevent abnormal chromosome condensation. It binds directly to the SWI-SNF chromatin remodeling complex (By similarity).
messages: BRCT domains 2 and 3 recognize phosphoserine/phosphothreonine marks on proteins with high selectivity, and mediate interaction with phosphorylated CDC27. They also mediate the dual recognition of phosphoserine and phosphotyrosine in the C-terminal tail of histone H2AX (By similarity).
messages: High levels of expression are found in the developing forebrain and, in particular, in the walls of the lateral ventricles.
messages: Implicated in chromosome condensation and DNA damage induced cellular responses. May play a role in neurogenesis and regulation of the size of the cerebral cortex (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CDC27 and maybe other components of the APC/C complex. Interacts with histone variant H2AX under DNA damage conditions (By similarity).
messages: centrosome

10090:Vmn2r72
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r72
uniprot id: D3Z4N8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tesk1
gene id: 10090:Tesk1
uniprot id: O70146
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation on Ser-215. Kinase activity is inhibited by SPRED1.
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine and tyrosine residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dual specificity protein kinase activity catalyzing autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of exogenous substrates on both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues (By similarity). Regulates the cellular cytoskeleton by enhancing actin stress fiber formation via phosphorylation of cofilin and by preventing microtubule breakdown via inhibition of TAOK1/MARKK kinase activity (By similarity). Inhibits podocyte motility via regulation of actin cytoskeletal dynamics and phosphorylation of CFL1 (PubMed:30115939). Positively regulates integrin-mediated cell spreading, via phosphorylation of cofilin (By similarity). Suppresses ciliogenesis via multiple pathways; phosphorylation of CFL1, suppression of ciliary vesicle directional trafficking to the ciliary base, and by facilitating YAP1 nuclear localization where it acts as a transcriptional corepressor of the TEAD4 target genes AURKA and PLK1 (By similarity). Probably plays a central role at and after the meiotic phase of spermatogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in testes and brain (at protein level).
messages: Interacts (via both C- and N-termini) with SPRY4 (via C-terminus); the interaction inhibits TESK1 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with TAOK1; the interaction inhibits TAOK1 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with SPRED1 (via C-terminus); the interaction inhibits TESK1 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with PARVA/PARVIN (via C-terminus); the interaction inhibits TESK1 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB/14-3-3 beta; the interaction is dependent on the phosphorylation of TESK1 Ser-439 and inhibits TESK1 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with SPRY1, SPRY3 and SPRED2 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with SPRY2 (via C-terminus); the interaction disrupts SPRY2 interaction with PPP2CA/PP2A-C, possibly by vesicular sequestration of SPRY2 (PubMed:17974561). Therefore dephosphorylation of SPRY2 by the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) holoenzyme is lost, inhibiting its interaction with GRB2 (By similarity).
messages: The extracatalytic C-terminal part is highly rich in proline residues.
messages: centrosome
messages: lamellipodium
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Mup1
gene id: 10090:Mup1
uniprot id: A2CEL0
uniprot id: A2CEL1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Med21
gene id: 10090:Med21
uniprot id: Q9CQ39
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 21 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP. Interacts with THRA in a ligand-dependent fashion (By similarity). Interacts with PPARG.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscles, spleen and testis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bora
gene id: 10090:Bora
uniprot id: Q8BS90
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BORA family.
messages: Interacts with AURKA.
messages: Phosphorylated by AURKA.
messages: Required for the activation of AURKA at the onset of mitosis.

10090:Gp1bb
gene id: 10090:Gp1bb
uniprot id: P56400
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Gp-Ib, a surface membrane protein of platelets, participates in the formation of platelet plugs by binding to von Willebrand factor, which is already bound to the subendothelium.
messages: Membrane
messages: Platelet activation apparently involves disruption of the macromolecular complex of GP-Ib with the platelet glycoprotein IX (GP-IX) and dissociation of GP-Ib from the actin-binding protein.
messages: Two GP-Ib beta are disulfide-linked to one GP-Ib alpha. GP-IX is complexed with the GP-Ib heterodimer via a non covalent linkage. Interacts with TRAF4 (By similarity).

10090:4930522H14Rik
gene id: 10090:4930522H14Rik
uniprot id: Q9CPZ3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Ifna1
gene id: 10090:Ifna1
uniprot id: A0A7R8GV68
uniprot id: P01572
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Produced by macrophages, IFN-alpha have antiviral activities. Interferon stimulates the production of two enzymes: a protein kinase and an oligoadenylate synthetase.
messages: Secreted
messages: Was named interferon alpha-E (embryonic) based on peptide sequencing (PubMed:9244179). The differences found may be sequencing erros and have not been confirmed by other studies.

10090:Cyp2b9
gene id: 10090:Cyp2b9
uniprot id: P12790
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Lor
gene id: 10090:Lor
uniprot id: P18165
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains inter- or intramolecular disulfide-bonds.
messages: Expressed in the epidermis of the ear (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the spinous and granular layers of the tongue at P20.
messages: Major keratinocyte cell envelope protein.
messages: Substrate of transglutaminases. Some glutamines and lysines are cross-linked to other loricrin molecules and to SPRRs proteins.
messages: Transgenic mice expressing a C-terminal truncated form of loricrin exhibited, at birth, erythrokeratoderma with an epidermal barrier dysfunction. 4 days after birth, high-expressing transgenic animals showed a generalized scaling of the skin, as well as a constricting band encircling the tail and, by day 7, a thickening of the footpads. Transgenic mice also showed retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. The mutant loricrin protein is found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of epidermal keratinocytes, but is not detect in the cornified cell envelope. The C-terminal domain of the mutant loricrin contains a nuclear localization signal.

10090:Xlr4c
gene id: 10090:Xlr4c
uniprot id: Q3TKR2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Klf7
gene id: 10090:Klf7
uniprot id: Q99JB0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Deficient mice die within the first 3 days of life, showing little or no milk in the stomachs, hypopnea, cyanosis, olfactory bulb hypoplasia, axon outgrowth defects in the olfactory and optic nerves, defects of axon growth in the brain and reduced dendritic branching in the hippocampus.
messages: Expression starts at 8.5 dpc in the trigeminal ganglion, the VII-VIII neural crest complex, and the subventricular neuroepithelium of both forebrain and hindbrain regions. At 11.5 dpc, expression is detected in the neural crest-derived sensory nervous system and, at 15.5 dpc, in the brain, spinal cord, retinal neuroepithelium and the inferior XI/X complex (PubMed:11336497, PubMed:11245580). In postnatal and adult animals, expression is confined to the cerebellum and dorsal root ganglia (PubMed:11336497). Expressed in the cornea epithelium at both 18.5 dpc and early postnatal (P5) but not at P50, when the corneal epithelium is fully differentiated (PubMed:28916725).
messages: Interacts with FBXO38.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF7, the motif is inactive.
messages: The acidic N-terminal part may favor interaction with the basic domain of transcription factors.
messages: Transcriptional factor (PubMed:11245580). Plays a critical role in neuronal morphogenesis (PubMed:11336497, PubMed:15964824). Represses the corneal epithelium differentiation (By similarity). Acts also as a metabolic regulator, by modulating insulin sensitivity in pancreatic beta cells and skeletal muscle cells. Inhibits transcriptional inducers of adipogenesis and has a repressive role in the expression of several adipokines, including leptin (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:11336497). Detected in the cornea epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:28916725).

10090:Mtpap
gene id: 10090:Mtpap
uniprot id: Q9D0D3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Polymerase that creates the 3' poly(A) tail of mitochondrial transcripts. Can use all four nucleotides, but has higher activity with ATP and UTP (in vitro). Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. May be involved in the terminal uridylation of mature histone mRNAs before their degradation is initiated. Might be responsible for the creation of some UAA stop codons which are not encoded in mtDNA (By similarity).

10090:Sirpa
gene id: 10090:Sirpa
uniprot id: P97797
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds PTPN11 when tyrosine-phosphorylated, except in macrophages, where it primarily binds PTPN6. Binds GRB2 vitro. Binds FGR. Binds JAK2 irrespective of its phosphorylation status and forms a stable complex. Binds SCAP1 and/or SCAP2. The resulting complex recruits FYB1. Binds PTK2B (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM2 (PubMed:30726215).
messages: Highly expressed in cerebral cortex, brain, spinal cord, cerebellum and spleen, and at much lower levels in kidney, thymus, heart, lung and liver. Within the cerebellum, highly expressed throughout the molecular layer, and in synaptic glomeruli in the granule cell layer. Detected in neurons of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, and in olfactory bulb. Not detected in Purkinje cells. Highly expressed in the plexiform layers, optic fiber layer and the outer segments of the photoreceptor layer in the retina. Highly expressed in macrophages. Isoform 3 is detected at very low levels in all tissues tested.
messages: Highly expressed in the CNS of embryos from day 7 to 17.
messages: Immunoglobulin-like cell surface receptor for CD47 (PubMed:18045614). Acts as docking protein and induces translocation of PTPN6, PTPN11 and other binding partners from the cytosol to the plasma membrane. Supports adhesion of cerebellar neurons, neurite outgrowth and glial cell attachment. May play a key role in intracellular signaling during synaptogenesis and in synaptic function. Involved in the negative regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase-coupled cellular responses induced by cell adhesion, growth factors or insulin. Mediates negative regulation of phagocytosis, mast cell activation and dendritic cell activation. CD47 binding prevents maturation of immature dendritic cells and inhibits cytokine production by mature dendritic cells (By similarity). Plays a role in antiviral immunity and limits new world arenavirus infection by decreasing virus internalization (PubMed:30726215).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues.

10090:Atp5c1
gene id: 10090:Atp5c1
uniprot id: A2AKU9
uniprot id: Q3UD06
uniprot id: Q8C2Q8
uniprot id: Q91VR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATPase gamma chain family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. The gamma subunit protrudes into the catalytic domain formed of alpha(3)beta(3). Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:C1qtnf4
gene id: 10090:C1qtnf4
uniprot id: Q8R066
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: High expression in testis, kidney, and brain. Expressed in brain and kidney (at protein level). Within the brain, highly expressed in cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus and hippothalamus, and lower expression in hindbrain (at protein level). Serum levels were increased in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice (a genetic model of hyperphagia and morbid obesity) relative to age-matched lean controls. No difference in serum levels were detected between mice fed a low-fat versus high-fat diet for 14 weeks (PubMed:24366864).
messages: Homomultimer. Forms trimers, hexamers and high molecular weight oligomers.
messages: Involvement in food intake and energy was only observed when the protein was externally administered in the brain, but not when this protein was overexpressed in vivo (PubMed:24366864).
messages: May be involved in the regulation of the inflammatory network. The role as pro- or anti-inflammatory seems to be context dependent (By similarity). Seems to have some role in regulating food intake and energy balance when administered in the brain. This effect is sustained over a two-day period, and it is accompanied by decreased expression of orexigenic neuropeptides in the hypothalamus 3 hours post-injection (Probable).
messages: Secreted
messages: There are conflicting results in its involvement in the inflammatory network. It was first described to be a pro-inflammatory cytokine by inducing the activation of NF-kappa-B signaling pathway and up-regulates IL6 production in liver carcinoma cells. While it seems to have the opposite effect in macrophages.
messages: Up-regulated during acute colitis induced by injection of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).

10090:Apex1
gene id: 10090:Apex1
uniprot id: P28352
uniprot id: Q544Z7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated on Lys-6 and Lys-7. Acetylation is increased by the transcriptional coactivator EP300 acetyltransferase, genotoxic agents like H(2)O(2) and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Acetylation increases its binding affinity to the negative calcium response element (nCaRE) DNA promoter. The acetylated form induces a stronger binding of YBX1 to the Y-box sequence in the MDR1 promoter than the unacetylated form. Deacetylated on lysines. Lys-6 and Lys-7 are deacetylated by SIRT1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the DNA repair enzymes AP/ExoA family.
messages: Cleaved at Lys-30 by granzyme A to create the mitochondrial form; leading in reduction of binding to DNA, AP endodeoxyribonuclease activity, redox activation of transcription factors and to enhanced cell death. Cleaved by granzyme K; leading to intracellular ROS accumulation and enhanced cell death after oxidative stress (By similarity).
messages: Cys-64 and Cys-92 are nitrosylated in response to nitric oxide (NO) and lead to the exposure of the nuclear export signal (NES).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in both resting and stimulated B cells stimulated to switch (at protein level).
messages: Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Component of the SET complex, composed of at least APEX1, SET, ANP32A, HMGB2, NME1 and TREX1. Associates with the dimer XRCC5/XRCC6 in a DNA-dependent manner. Interacts with SIRT1; the interaction is increased in the context of genotoxic stress. Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3; the interactions are not dependent on the APEX1 acetylation status. Interacts with XRCC1; the interaction is induced by SIRT1 and increased with the APEX1 acetylated form. Interacts with NPM1 (via N-terminal domain); the interaction is RNA-dependent and decreases in hydrogen peroxide-damaged cells. Interacts (via N-terminus) with YBX1 (via C-terminus); the interaction is increased in presence of APEX1 acetylated at Lys-6 and Lys-7. Interacts with HNRNPL; the interaction is DNA-dependent. Interacts (via N-terminus) with KPNA1 and KPNA2. Interacts with TXN; the interaction stimulates the FOS/JUN AP-1 complex DNA-binding activity in a redox-dependent manner. Interacts with GZMA, KRT8, MDM2, POLB, PRDX6, PRPF19, RPLP0, TOMM20 and WDR77. Binds to CDK5.
messages: Multifunctional protein that plays a central role in the cellular response to oxidative stress. The two major activities of APEX1 are DNA repair and redox regulation of transcriptional factors. Functions as a apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents. Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. Does also incise at AP sites in the DNA strand of DNA/RNA hybrids, single-stranded DNA regions of R-loop structures, and single-stranded RNA molecules. Has a 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity on mismatched deoxyribonucleotides at the 3' termini of nicked or gapped DNA molecules during short-patch BER. Possesses a DNA 3' phosphodiesterase activity capable of removing lesions (such as phosphoglycolate) blocking the 3' side of DNA strand breaks. May also play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression by participating in DNA demethylation. Acts as a loading factor for POLB onto non-incised AP sites in DNA and stimulates the 5'-terminal deoxyribose 5'-phosphate (dRp) excision activity of POLB. Plays a role in the protection from granzymes-mediated cellular repair leading to cell death. Also involved in the DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR). On the other hand, APEX1 also exerts reversible nuclear redox activity to regulate DNA binding affinity and transcriptional activity of transcriptional factors by controlling the redox status of their DNA-binding domain, such as the FOS/JUN AP-1 complex after exposure to IR. Involved in calcium-dependent down-regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) expression by binding to negative calcium response elements (nCaREs). Together with HNRNPL or the dimer XRCC5/XRCC6, associates with nCaRE, acting as an activator of transcriptional repr…
messages: NPM1 stimulates endodeoxyribonuclease activity on double-stranded DNA with AP sites, but inhibits endoribonuclease activity on single-stranded RNA containing AP sites.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation by kinase PKC or casein kinase CK2 results in enhanced redox activity that stimulates binding of the FOS/JUN AP-1 complex to its cognate binding site. AP-endodeoxyribonuclease activity is not affected by CK2-mediated phosphorylation (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Thr-232 by CDK5 in response to MPP(+)/MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) reduces AP-endodeoxyribonuclease activity resulting in accumulation of DNA damage and contributing to neuronal death.
messages: Probably binds two magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: The N-terminus contains the redox activity while the C-terminus exerts the DNA AP-endodeoxyribonuclease activity; both function are independent in their actions. An unconventional mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) is harbored within the C-terminus, that appears to be masked by the N-terminal sequence containing the nuclear localization signal (NLS), that probably blocks the interaction between the MTS and Tom proteins (By similarity).
messages: The specific activity of the cleaved mitochondrial endodeoxyribonuclease appeared to be about 3-fold higher than of the full-length form. Extract of mitochondria, but not of nuclei or cytosol, cleaves recombinant APEX1 to generate a mitochondrial APEX1-sized product (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2; leading to translocation to the cytoplasm and proteasomal degradation.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Krt24
gene id: 10090:Krt24
uniprot id: A1L317
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic) (40-55 and 56-70 kDa, respectively).

10090:Scrg1
gene id: 10090:Scrg1
uniprot id: O88745
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SCRG1 family.
messages: Expressed at higher levels in the brains of scrapie-infected animals.
messages: Secreted

10090:Traf1
gene id: 10090:Traf1
uniprot id: P39428
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter molecule that regulates the activation of NF-kappa-B and JNK. Plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. The heterotrimer formed by TRAF1 and TRAF2 is part of a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that promotes ubiquitination of target proteins, such as MAP3K14. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the antiapoptotic E3 protein-ubiquitin ligases BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2 (By similarity).
messages: Cleavage by CASP8 liberates a C-terminal fragment that promotes apoptosis and inhibits the activation of NF-kappa-B in response to TNF signaling.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity). Heterotrimer with TRAF2 (PubMed:8069916). Interacts with TNFRSF1A/TNFR1, TNFRSF1B/TNFR2, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF5/CD40, TNFRSF8/CD30, TNFRSF9/CD137, TNFRSF11A/RANK, TNFRSF13C, TNFRSF18/AITR, TNFRSF17/BCMA, TNFRSF19/TROY, TNFRSF19L/RELT, XEDAR, EDAR, Epstein-Barr virus BNFL1/LMP-1, TANK/ITRAF, TRAIP and RIPK2 (PubMed:8069916, PubMed:9104814, PubMed:18429822). Interacts with BIRC2 and BIRC3 N-terminus; a single BIRC2 or BIRC3 molecule interacts with a heterotrimer formed by TRAF1 and TRAF2. Interacts with MAP3K14 (By similarity). Interacts with NFATC2IP, TRAFD1 and with HIVEP3 (PubMed:11804591, PubMed:16352630, PubMed:18849341). Interacts with GPS2 (PubMed:22424771).
messages: Lacks a RING domain and has therefore no E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity by itself.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice have normal B-cell proliferation and antibody response, but increased T-cell proliferation in response to CD3 signaling. Their T-cells show enhanced activation of JNK and NF-kappa-B. Mice are highly susceptible to TNF-induced skin necrosis.
messages: Polyubiquitinated by BIRC2 and/or BIRC3, leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation.
messages: The MATH/TRAF domain binds to receptor cytoplasmic domains.
messages: The coiled coil domain mediates homo- and hetero-oligomerization.

10090:P2rx2
gene id: 10090:P2rx2
uniprot id: Q8K3P1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the P2X receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotrimer and heterotrimer; functional P2XRs are organized as homomeric and heteromeric trimers.
messages: In skeletal muscle, strongly expressed in postnatal day 3 (P3), P7 and P15 muscles. Expression is not maintained in P21 in adult skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Ion channel gated by extracellular ATP involved in a variety of cellular responses, such as excitatory postsynaptic responses in sensory neurons, neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) formation, hearing, perception of taste and peristalsis. In the inner ear, regulates sound transduction and auditory neurotransmission, outer hair cell electromotility, inner ear gap junctions, and K(+) recycling. Mediates synaptic transmission between neurons and from neurons to smooth muscle.
messages: Mice show small differences in body weight, but are visibly and histopathologically normal for up to 1 year of age. Simultaneous knockout of P2rx2 and P2rx3 results in reduced pain-related behaviors in response to intraplantar injection of formalin and reduced urinary bladder reflexes and decreased pelvic afferent nerve activity in response to bladder distension. Neurons have minimal to no response to ATP (PubMed:15961431). P2rx2 null mice show impaired peristalsis in ileal segments of small intestine (PubMed:12937291). P2rx2 null mice show disorganized neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) with misapposition of nerve terminals and post-synaptic AChR expression localization, reduction of the density of post-synaptic and increased end-plate fragmentation. These changes in NMJ structure are associated with muscle fiber atrophy and an increase in the proportion of fast type muscle fibers (PubMed:17706883). P2rx2 null mice display age-related hearing loss: in the absence of exposure to noise, auditory thresholds are normal until at least age 19-23 week. Then, mice develop severe progressive hearing loss, and their early exposure to continuous moderate noise leads to high-frequency hearing loss as young adults (PubMed:23345450). Simultaneous knockout of P2rx2 and P2rx3 results in defects in taste responses in the taste nerves and reduced behavioral responses to sweeteners, glutamate and bitter substances (PubMed:16322458).

10090:Aggf1
gene id: 10090:Aggf1
uniprot id: Q7TN31
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the secreted angiogenic factor TNFSF12.
messages: Promotes angiogenesis and the proliferation of endothelial cells. Able to bind to endothelial cells and promote cell proliferation, suggesting that it may act in an autocrine fashion (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Pigl
gene id: 10090:Pigl
uniprot id: Q5SX19
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PIGL family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in the second step of GPI biosynthesis. De-N-acetylation of N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol (By similarity).

10090:Clic6
gene id: 10090:Clic6
uniprot id: Q8BHB9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel CLIC family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with dopamine receptors DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4.
messages: May insert into membranes and form chloride ion channels. May play a critical role in water-secreting cells, possibly through the regulation of chloride ion transport (By similarity).
messages: Members of this family may change from a globular, soluble state to a state where the N-terminal domain is inserted into the membrane and functions as chloride channel. A conformation change of the N-terminal domain is thought to expose hydrophobic surfaces that trigger membrane insertion (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Gm20815
gene id: 10090:Gm20815
uniprot id: J3KMI0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Mfn2
gene id: 10090:Mfn2
uniprot id: Q80U63
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A helix bundle is formed by helices from the N-terminal and the C-terminal part of the protein. The GTPase domain cannot be expressed by itself, without the helix bundle. Rearrangement of the helix bundle and/or of the coiled coil domains may bring membranes from adjacent mitochondria into close contact, and thereby play a role in mitochondrial fusion.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. Dynamin/Fzo/YdjA family. Mitofusin subfamily.
messages: Forms homomultimers and heteromultimers with MFN1 (PubMed:12527753). Oligomerization is essential for mitochondrion fusion (Probable). Interacts with VAT1 (By similarity). Interacts with STOML2; may form heterooligomers (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated) with PRKN (PubMed:23620051). Interacts with EIF2AK3 (By similarity). Interacts with THG1L; THG1L probably functions as a guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor/GEF, activating MFN2.
messages: Mitochondrial outer membrane GTPase that mediates mitochondrial clustering and fusion (PubMed:12527753, PubMed:23921378, PubMed:23620051). Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, and their morphology is determined by the equilibrium between mitochondrial fusion and fission events. Overexpression induces the formation of mitochondrial networks. Membrane clustering requires GTPase activity and may involve a major rearrangement of the coiled coil domains (By similarity). Plays a central role in mitochondrial metabolism and may be associated with obesity and/or apoptosis processes. Plays an important role in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation (By similarity). Involved in the clearance of damaged mitochondria via selective autophagy (mitophagy). Is required for PRKN recruitment to dysfunctional mitochondria (PubMed:23620051). Involved in the control of unfolded protein response (UPR) upon ER stress including activation of apoptosis and autophagy during ER stress (PubMed:23921556). Acts as an upstream regulator of EIF2AK3 and suppresses EIF2AK3 activation under basal conditions (PubMed:23921556).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Mutant mice die early during embryonic development (PubMed:12527753). Heart-specific disruption causes cardiomyopathy in aging mice, characterized by dilated hearts that are insensitive to beta-adrenergic stimulation and impaired contractile performance (PubMed:23620051). Mutant cardiomyocytes display mitochondrial enlargement with respiratory impairment (PubMed:23620051).
messages: Phosphorylated by PINK1.
messages: Ubiquitinated by non-degradative ubiquitin by PRKN, promoting mitochondrial fusion; deubiquitination by USP30 inhibits mitochondrial fusion (PubMed:23620051, PubMed:24513856). Ubiquitinated by HUWE1 when dietary stearate (C18:0) levels are low; ubiquitination inhibits mitochondrial fusion (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Expression is markedly reduced in ApoE-knockout mouse atherosclerotic arteries.

10090:Jade2
gene id: 10090:Jade2
uniprot id: Q6ZQF7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JADE family.
messages: Component of the HBO1 complex composed at least of ING4 or ING5, MYST2/HBO1, MEAF6, and one of JADE1, JADE2 and JADE3 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with KDM1A (via AOD/Tower domain) (PubMed:25018020).
messages: Scaffold subunit of some HBO1 complexes, which have a histone H4 acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Acts as a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target protein histone demethylase KDM1A (PubMed:25018020). Also acts as a ubiquitin ligase E3 toward itself (PubMed:25018020). Positive regulator of neurogenesis (PubMed:25018020).
messages: Strongly decreased level of KDM1A polyubiquitination resulting in increased level of KDM1A protein. Decelerated emergence of neural progenitors and mature neurons. Embryonic stem cells grow in aggregates with smoother-edged, rounder-shaped cell clones and fail to organize in rosettes with surrounding cells exhibiting neuronal morphology with extensive arborization. Decreased expression of neural markers.
messages: The first PHD domain is essential for its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

10090:Selenbp2
gene id: 10090:Selenbp2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J135
uniprot id: Q63836
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the selenium-binding protein family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of methanethiol, an organosulfur compound known to be produced in substantial amounts by gut bacteria. Selenium-binding protein which may be involved in the sensing of reactive xenobiotics in the cytoplasm. May be involved in intra-Golgi protein transport.
messages: Interacts with USP33.
messages: Mainly expressed in liver.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Selenium- and acetaminophen-binding protein which may be involved in the sensing of reactive xenobiotics in the cytoplasm. May be involved in intra-Golgi protein transport (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminus is blocked.
messages: cytosol

10090:Cadm1
gene id: 10090:Cadm1
uniprot id: E9PYN1
uniprot id: Q8R5M8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nectin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed dominantly in epithelial cells but not expressed in fibroblast cells (at protein level) (PubMed:12826663). Expressed in the T-cell area of lymph nodes, specifically in CD8+ and CD4- CD8- dendritic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19752223). Expressed in CD8+ dendritic cells in the spleen (at protein level) (PubMed:19752223). Expressed in CD103+ dendritic cells in the small intestine lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes (at protein level) (PubMed:24687959). Expressed in brain, lung, kidney, testis, heart, spleen and liver, but not expressed in skeletal muscle (PubMed:12242005, PubMed:12606335, PubMed:12202822).
messages: Expressed in spermatogenic cells during early spermatogenesis. Expression increases in intermediate spermatogonia through to zygotene spermatocytes but becomes diminished in the steps from early pachytene spermatocytes through to round spermatids. After meiosis, expression reappears in spermatids and is present in elongating spermatids until spermiation. Not detected in Sertoli cells.
messages: Glycosylation at Asn-70 and Asn-104 promotes adhesive binding and synapse induction.
messages: Homodimer (via Ig-like V-type domain) (By similarity). Interacts with FARP1 (PubMed:23209303). Interacts (via Ig-like V-type domain) with CRTAM (via Ig-like V-type domain); the interaction competes with CRTAM homodimerization and CADM1 homodimerization (PubMed:15811952, PubMed:15781451). Interacts (via C-terminus) with EPB41L3/DAL1 (By similarity). The interaction with EPB41L3/DAL1 may act to anchor CADM1 to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with MPP2 (via PDZ domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with MPP3 (via PDZ domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with PALS2 (via PDZ domain) (PubMed:12826663).
messages: Male mice are infertile, due to a defect at the spermatid stage of spermatogenesis, and show oligoasthenoteratozoospermia with almost no mature motile spermatozoa in the epididymis (PubMed:16382161, PubMed:16611999, PubMed:16612000). Heterozygous males and females and homozygous null females are fertile and have no overt developmental defects (PubMed:16382161, PubMed:16611999, PubMed:16612000). In the small intestine mucosa and under steady-state conditions, severe reduction in the number of intraepithelial CD4+ CD8+ T-cells and, partial reduction in the number of lamina propria and intraepithelial CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells (PubMed:24687959).
messages: Mediates homophilic cell-cell adhesion in a Ca(2+)-independent manner (PubMed:12202822, PubMed:12799182, PubMed:12826663). Also mediates heterophilic cell-cell adhesion with CADM3 and NECTIN3 in a Ca(2+)-independent manner (PubMed:12826663). Interaction with CRTAM promotes natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by CD8+ T-cells in vitro as well as NK cell-mediated rejection of tumors expressing CADM1 in vivo (PubMed:15811952). In mast cells, may mediate attachment to and promote communication with nerves (By similarity). CADM1, together with MITF, is essential for development and survival of mast cells in vivo (PubMed:15158462, PubMed:16605125). By interacting with CRTAM and thus promoting the adhesion between CD8+ T-cells and CD8+ dendritic cells, regulates the retention of activated CD8+ T-cell within the draining lymph node (PubMed:19752223). Required for the intestinal retention of intraepithelial CD4+ CD8+ T-cells and, to a lesser extent, intraepithelial and lamina propria CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells (PubMed:24687959). Interaction with CRTAM promotes the adhesion to gut-associated CD103+ dendritic cells, which may facilitate the expression of gut-homing and adhesion molecules on T-cells and the conversion of CD4+ T-cells into CD4+ CD8+ T-cells (PubMed:24687959). Acts as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule and plays a role in the formation of dendritic spines and in synapse assembly (PubMed:12202822, PubMed:23209303). May be involved in neuronal migration, axon growth, pathfinding, and fasciculation on the axons of differentiating neurons (PubMed:15707673). May play diverse roles in the spermatogenesis including in the adhesion of spermatocytes and spermatids to Sertoli cells and for their normal differentiation into mature spermatozoa (PubMed:12606335, PubMed:16612000).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The cytoplasmic domain appears to play a critical role in proapoptosis and tumor suppressor activity in NSCLC.

10090:Dut
gene id: 10090:Dut
uniprot id: Q9CQ43
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dUTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the cleavage of 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate (dUTP) into 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate (dUMP) and inorganic pyrophosphate and through its action efficiently prevents uracil misincorporation into DNA and at the same time provides dUMP, the substrate for de novo thymidylate biosynthesis (By similarity). Inhibits peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activity by binding of its N-terminal to PPAR, preventing the latter's dimerization with retinoid X receptor (By similarity). Essential for embryonic development (PubMed:30987342).
messages: Embryos reach the blastocyst stage, however, they die shortly after implantation and analysis of pre-implantation embryos indicates perturbed growth of both inner cell mass and trophectoderm.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in vivo on Ser-11, a reaction that can be catalyzed in vitro by CDC2.

10090:Nr3c1
gene id: 10090:Nr3c1
uniprot id: P06537
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation by CLOCK reduces its binding to glucocorticoid response elements and its transcriptional activity.
messages: Acts as a dominant negative inhibitor of isoform 1 (PubMed:20660300). Has intrinsic transcriptional activity independent of isoform Alpha when both isoforms are coexpressed (By similarity). Loses this transcription modulator function on its own (By similarity). Has no hormone-binding activity (PubMed:20660300). May play a role in controlling glucose metabolism by maintaining insulin sensitivity (PubMed:20660300). Reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis through down-regulation of PEPCK in an isoform Alpha-dependent manner (By similarity). Directly regulates STAT1 expression in isoform Alpha-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR3 subfamily.
messages: Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain. The ligand-binding domain is required for correct chromosome segregation during mitosis although ligand binding is not required.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated by glucocorticoids.
messages: Expressed at highest level in spleen with lesser amounts in kidney and liver.
messages: Expressed in spleen, kidney and liver (PubMed:20660300). Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver (PubMed:27686098).
messages: Has transcriptional activation and repression activity (By similarity). Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis (PubMed:25847991). May act as a tumor suppressor (PubMed:25847991). May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression (PubMed:21994940).
messages: Heteromultimeric cytoplasmic complex with HSP90AA1, HSPA1A/HSPA1B, and FKBP5 or another immunophilin such as PPID, STIP1, or the immunophilin homolog PPP5C (PubMed:9195923, PubMed:21994940). Upon ligand binding FKBP5 dissociates from the complex and FKBP4 takes its place, thereby linking the complex to dynein and mediating transport to the nucleus, where the complex dissociates (PubMed:9195923, PubMed:11278753). Probably forms a complex composed of chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, co-chaperones CDC37, PPP5C, TSC1 and client protein TSC2, CDK4, AKT, RAF1 and NR3C1; this complex does not contain co-chaperones STIP1/HOP and PTGES3/p23 (By similarity). Directly interacts with UNC45A (By similarity). Binds to DNA as a homodimer, and as heterodimer with NR3C2 or the retinoid X receptor. Binds STAT5A and STAT5B homodimers and heterodimers (PubMed:9528750). Interacts with NRIP1, POU2F1, POU2F2 and TRIM28 (PubMed:9742105). Interacts with several coactivator complexes, including the SMARCA4 complex, CREBBP/EP300, TADA2L (Ada complex) and p160 coactivators such as NCOA2 and NCOA6 (By similarity). Interaction with BAG1 inhibits transactivation (By similarity). Interacts with HEXIM1 and TGFB1I1 (PubMed:10848625). Interacts with NCOA1 (By similarity). Interacts with NCOA3, SMARCA4, SMARCC1, SMARCD1, and SMARCE1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLOCK, CRY1 and CRY2 in a ligand-dependent fashion (PubMed:22170608, PubMed:28751364). Interacts with CIART (PubMed:24736997). Interacts with RWDD3 (By similarity). Interacts with UBE2I/UBC9 and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of RWDD3 (By similarity). Interacts with GRIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with NR4A3 (via nuclear receptor DNA-binding domain), represses transcription activity of NR4A3 on the POMC promoter Nur response element (NurRE) (By similarity). Directly interacts with PNRC2 to attract and form a complex with UPF1 and DCP1A; the interaction leads to rapid mRNA degradation (By similarity). Interacts with GSK3B (By simila…
messages: Increased proteasome-mediated degradation in response to glucocorticoids.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in the absence of hormone; becomes hyperphosphorylated in the presence of glucocorticoids. Phosphorylated in the absence of hormone; becomes hyperphosphorylated in the presence of glucocorticoid. The Ser-221, Ser-243 and Ser-421-phosphorylated forms are mainly cytoplasmic, and the Ser-229-phosphorylated form is nuclear (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-229 increases transcriptional activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-221, Ser-243 and Ser-421 decreases signaling capacity (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-421 may protect from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-221 and Ser-229 is not required in regulation of chromosome segregation (By similarity). May be dephosphorylated by PPP5C, attenuates NR3C1 action (PubMed:21994940).
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-28 of isoform 1.
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-28 of isoform 2.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing.
messages: Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Involved in chromatin remodeling (PubMed:10678832). Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay (By similarity). Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth (PubMed:15037546).
messages: Sumoylation at Lys-294 and Lys-310 negatively regulates its transcriptional activity. Sumoylation at Lys-718 positively regulates its transcriptional activity in the presence of RWDD3. Sumoylation at Lys-294 and Lys-310 is dispensable whereas sumoylation at Lys-718 is critical for the stimulatory effect of RWDD3 on its transcriptional activity. Heat shock increases sumoylation in a RWDD3-dependent manner.
messages: T-cell is a critical cellular target of GR, as immune activation in mice lacking GR resulted in significant mortality. This lethal activation is rescued by PTGS2 inhibition but not steroid administration or cytokine neutralization.
messages: The poly-Gln region in 78-91 is polymorphic (PubMed:3780669, PubMed:17012242, PubMed:20660300, PubMed:16141072, PubMed:15489334). Polymorphism plays a role in complex mechanisms leading to lower corticosterone response to stress, and may also be associated with decreased locomotive and increased anxiety-type behaviors (PubMed:17012242).
messages: Ubiquitinated; restricts glucocorticoid-mediated transcriptional signaling.
messages: Up-regulated by glucocorticoids and insulin.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Srpk2
gene id: 10090:Srpk2
uniprot id: O54781
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Ser-50 and Ser-581.
messages: Associates with U4/U6-U5 tri-small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNPs) (By similarity). Interacts with PKB/AKT1 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner (By similarity). The phosphorylated form (by PKB/AKT1) interacts with YWHAB and YWHAE (By similarity). Interaction with YWHAB suppresses its cleavage by caspases and inhibits the release of its N-terminal pro-apoptotic fragment (By similarity). Interacts with SFN (By similarity). Interacts with ACIN1 (PubMed:18559500). Interacts with POLR2A/RNA polymerase II; the interaction occurs during the co-transcriptional formation of inappropriate R-loops (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testes, lung and brain.
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-485 by PKB/AKT1 enhances its stimulatory activity in triggering cyclin-D1 (CCND1) expression and promoting apoptosis in neurons, which can be blocked by YWHAB. It also enhances its protein kinase activity toward ACIN1 and SRSF2, promotes its nuclear translocation and prevents its proteolytic cleavage (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved at Asp-137 and Asp-401 by caspase-3 during apoptotic cell death. Cleavage at Asp-137 which is the major site of cleavage, produces a small N-terminal fragment that translocates into nucleus and promotes VP16-induced apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Serine/arginine-rich protein-specific kinase which specifically phosphorylates its substrates at serine residues located in regions rich in arginine/serine dipeptides, known as RS domains and is involved in the phosphorylation of SR splicing factors and the regulation of splicing (PubMed:9446799). Promotes neuronal apoptosis by up-regulating cyclin-D1 (CCND1) expression (PubMed:19592491). This is done by the phosphorylation of SRSF2, leading to the suppression of p53/TP53 phosphorylation thereby relieving the repressive effect of p53/TP53 on cyclin-D1 (CCND1) expression (By similarity). Phosphorylates ACIN1, and redistributes it from the nuclear speckles to the nucleoplasm, resulting in cyclin A1 but not cyclin A2 up-regulation (By similarity). Plays an essential role in spliceosomal B complex formation via the phosphorylation of DDX23/PRP28 (By similarity). Probably by phosphorylating DDX23, leads to the suppression of incorrect R-loops formed during transcription; R-loops are composed of a DNA:RNA hybrid and the associated non-template single-stranded DNA (By similarity).
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Ces2e
gene id: 10090:Ces2e
uniprot id: Q8BK48
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrethroids pesticides. Hydrolyzes trans-permethrin at a rate about 22-fold higher than cis-permethrin. Also hydrolyzes trans-cypermethrin. Hydrolyzes retinyl esters (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Microsome

10090:Stk39
gene id: 10090:Stk39
uniprot id: A2AQL0
uniprot id: Q9Z1W9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the kidney, including in epithelial cells of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop and in the distal convoluted tubule (at protein level).
messages: May act as a mediator of stress-activated signals. Mediates the inhibition of SLC4A4, SLC26A6 as well as CFTR activities by the WNK scaffolds, probably through phosphorylation (PubMed:21317537, PubMed:23542070). Phosphorylates RELT (PubMed:16530727).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PAPA box (proline-alanine repeats) may target the kinase to a specific subcellular location by facilitating interaction with intracellular proteins such as actin or actin-like proteins.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-321 by PRKCQ (PubMed:21733846). Autophosphorylation at Thr-243 positively regulates its activity (PubMed:16530727).
messages: The phosphorylated form forms a complex with WNK2 (PubMed:21733846). Interacts with RELT (PubMed:16530727). Interacts with SORL1 (via cytosolic C-terminus) (By similarity).

10090:Dus2
gene id: 10090:Dus2
uniprot id: Q9D7B1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Dus family. Dus2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dihydrouridine synthase. Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base found in the D-loop of most tRNAs. Negatively regulates the activation of EIF2AK2/PKR.
messages: Efficient dihydrouridine synthesis requires the presence of both the catalytic domain and the C-terminal RNA-binding DRBM domain.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with EPRS1. Interacts (via DRBM domain) with PRKRA and EIF2AK2/PKR (via DRBM 1 domain).

10090:Zfp12
gene id: 10090:Zfp12
uniprot id: Q7TSI0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor which suppresses activation protein 1 (AP-1)- and serum response element (SRE)-mediated transcriptional activity.

10090:Lexm
gene id: 10090:Lexm
uniprot id: A2AVQ5
names: Caution
messages: Was reported to promote CD8+ T cell immunity through effects on mitochondrial respiration (PubMed:25883318). However, the corresponding article has been retracted (PubMed:27980177).

10090:Yy2
gene id: 10090:Yy2
uniprot id: Q3TTC2
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the YY transcription factor family.
messages: Functions as a multifunctional transcription factor that may exhibit positive and negative control on a large number of genes. May antagonize YY1 and function in development and differentiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The gene encoding this protein appears to have arisen by retrotransposition of the YY1 gene in placental mammals. It is encoded by a single exon found in an intron of the gene Mbtps2.
messages: Weakly expressed by neuronal and glial cells in the cerebral cortex. Expressed by Purkinje cells and in the granular layers of the cerebellum. Expressed in all layers of spermatocytes in testis but not detected in sperm cells.

10090:Mettl9
gene id: 10090:Mettl9
uniprot id: Q9EPL4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the METTL9 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in liver, colon, small intestine, skin, kidney and to a lesser extent in spleen, lung, thymus and stomach. Not detected in fibroblast and endothelial cells.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Protein-histidine N-methyltransferase that specifically catalyzes 1-methylhistidine (pros-methylhistidine) methylation of target proteins (PubMed:33563959). Mediates methylation of proteins with a His-x-His (HxH) motif (where 'x' is preferably a small amino acid) (PubMed:33563959). Catalyzes methylation of target proteins such as S100A9, NDUFB3, SLC39A5, SLC39A7, ARMC6 and DNAJB12; 1-methylhistidine modification may affect the binding of zinc and other metals to its target proteins (PubMed:33563959). Constitutes the main methyltransferase for the 1-methylhistidine modification in cell (PubMed:33563959).

10090:Ggt5
gene id: 10090:Ggt5
uniprot id: Q9Z2A9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A previous study reported that GSH and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) are not substrates for murine GGT5 (PubMed:9774450). However, this result contrasts with two studies reported that GSH is indeed a substrate for GGT5 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the gamma-glutamyltransferase family.
messages: Cleaved by autocatalysis into a large and a small subunit.
messages: Cleaves the gamma-glutamyl peptide bond of glutathione and glutathione-S-conjugate (By similarity). Converts leukotriene C4 (LTC4), a glutathione-S-conjugate, to leukotriene D4 (LTD4) (PubMed:9774450, PubMed:11463821, PubMed:12163373). Does not cleaves gamma-glutamyl compounds such as gamma-glutamyl leucine. May also catalyze a transpeptidation reaction in addition to the hydrolysis reaction, transferring the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid to form a new gamma-glutamyl compound. Acts as a negative regulator of geranylgeranyl glutathione bioactivity by cleaving off its gamma-glutamyl group, playing a role in adaptive immune responses (By similarity).
messages: Deficient mice shown no obvious phenotype but in most organs they have only 10% of the wild-type levels of gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase activity (PubMed:11463821). Mice deficient in GGT5 have significantly more airway hyper-reactivity in a model of experimental asthma (PubMed:12163373).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Heterodimer composed of the light and heavy chains (PubMed:12163373). The active site is located in the light chain (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by serine-borate.
messages: Membrane
messages: Very low expression.
messages: Very low level of expression. Detected in spleen lymphocytes, medullary and paracortical thymic lymphocytes, lung interstitial cells, bronchial epithelium, proximal tubules in kidney, crypt cells in small intestine, neurons in brain stem and cerebral cortex and in Purkinje cells.

10090:Smyd5
gene id: 10090:Smyd5
uniprot id: Q3TYX3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-20' of histone H4 to form trimethylated histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me3) which represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression (PubMed:22921934, PubMed:28250819). In association with the NCoR corepressor complex, is involved in the repression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-target inflammatory genes in macrophages by catalyzing the formation of H4K20me3 at the gene promoters (PubMed:22921934). Plays an important role in embryonic stem (ES) cell self-renewal and differentiation (PubMed:28951459). Promotes ES cell maintenance by silencing differentiation genes through deposition of H4K20me3 marks (PubMed:28951459). Maintains genome stability of ES cells during differentiation through regulation of heterochromatin formation and repression of endogenous repetitive DNA elements by depositing H4K20me3 marks (PubMed:28250819).
messages: Interacts with the N-CoR complex (PubMed:22921934). Interacts with EHMT2 and CBX5 (PubMed:28250819).
messages: Up-regulated by retinoic acid treatment in embryonic carcinoma cells. Present at low levels in untreated cells.

10090:Dido1
gene id: 10090:Dido1
uniprot id: Q8C9B9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts specifically (via PHD-type zinc finger) with histone H3 that is trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3), histone phosphorylation at 'Thr-3' or 'Thr-6' disrupts this binding and promotes translocation of DIDO1 from chromatin to the mitotic spindle during mitosis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for early embryonic stem cell development (By similarity). Putative transcription factor, weakly pro-apoptotic when overexpressed.
messages: The PHD-type zinc finger forms an aromatic cage around H3K4me3.
messages: Ubiquitous. Expressed at intermediate levels.
messages: Up-regulated during apoptosis.
messages: spindle

10090:Cystm1
gene id: 10090:Cystm1
uniprot id: D3YWV2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CYSTM1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pex5l
gene id: 10090:Pex5l
uniprot id: D3YYH0
uniprot id: F8SLP5
uniprot id: F8SLP6
uniprot id: F8SLP7
uniprot id: F8SLP8
uniprot id: F8SLP9
uniprot id: F8SLQ1
uniprot id: F8SLQ3
uniprot id: F8SLQ4
uniprot id: F8SLQ5
uniprot id: F8SLQ6
uniprot id: Q8C437
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, regulating their cell-surface expression and cyclic nucleotide dependence.
messages: Belongs to the peroxisomal targeting signal receptor family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RAB8B (By similarity). Forms an obligate 4:4 complex with HCN2 (PubMed:22550182). Interacts with HCN3 (Ref.5).
messages: Membrane

10090:Anp32e
gene id: 10090:Anp32e
uniprot id: P97822
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ANP32 family.
messages: Component of a SWR1-like complex, composed of EP400, KAT5/TIP60, TRRAP, BRD8, RUVBL1, RUVBL2, ING3 and ANP32E; the complex does not contain SRCAP. Interacts with H2A.Z/H2AZ1 (By similarity). Interacts with the importin alpha KPNA1 and KPNA2.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at highest levels in cerebellum and spleen. In the cerebellum, expressed mainly in granule cells and, to a lesser extent, in Purkinje cells.
messages: Histone chaperone that specifically mediates the genome-wide removal of histone H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome: removes H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from its normal sites of deposition, especially from enhancer and insulator regions. Not involved in deposition of H2A.Z/H2AZ1 in the nucleosome. May stabilize the evicted H2A.Z/H2AZ1-H2B dimer, thus shifting the equilibrium towards dissociation and the off-chromatin state (PubMed:24463511). Inhibits activity of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Does not inhibit protein phosphatase 1. May play a role in cerebellar development and synaptogenesis.
messages: Low levels are found at postnatal day 4. Levels increase from postnatal day 7 to postnatal day 17. Levels decrease and remain low in the adult.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are viable and fertile (PubMed:20844742, PubMed:21049064, PubMed:23675506). They display a subtle neurological clasping phenotype and mild motor deficits (PubMed:20844742). Motor defects were not confirmed by a subsequent analysis (PubMed:23675506). Deletion in embryonic fibroblasts results in the appearance of a significant number of new H2A.Z/H2AZ1 around the transcription start site as well as at other chromatin regions (PubMed:24463511).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. The phosphorylation is nuclear localization signal (NLS)-dependent (By similarity).
messages: The H2A.Z-interacting domain (ZID) mediates a direct interaction with H2A.Z/H2AZ1.

10090:F830016B08Rik
gene id: 10090:F830016B08Rik
uniprot id: G3UWE2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family.

10090:Olfr810
gene id: 10090:Olfr810
uniprot id: Q8VFH9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Thrb
gene id: 10090:Thrb
uniprot id: P37242
uniprot id: Q3UZT5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer; homodimer and heterodimer with RXRB. Interacts with the coactivators NCOA1/SRC1, NCOA2/GRIP1, NCOA7 and MED1/TRAP220 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with the corepressor NCOR1 in absence of ligand (By similarity). Interacts with C1D. Interacts with NR2F6; the interaction impairs the binding of the THRB homodimer and THRB:RXRB heterodimer to T3 response elements. Interacts with PRMT2 and THRSP (By similarity). Interacts with TACC1; this interaction is decreased in the presence of thyroid hormone T3 (By similarity).
messages: Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain, a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain.
messages: Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fbp1
gene id: 10090:Fbp1
uniprot id: Q9QXD6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FBPase class 1 family.
messages: Binds 3 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to fructose 6-phosphate in the presence of divalent cations, acting as a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. Plays a role in regulating glucose sensing and insulin secretion of pancreatic beta-cells. Appears to modulate glycerol gluconeogenesis in liver. Important regulator of appetite and adiposity; increased expression of the protein in liver after nutrient excess increases circulating satiety hormones and reduces appetite-stimulating neuropeptides and thus seems to provide a feedback mechanism to limit weight gain.
messages: Detected in pancreatic beta-cell lines MIN6 and beta-TC and in liver (at protein level). Preferentially expressed in liver, with lower levels detected in pancreatic islets and intestine, and very low levels in blood, muscle, brain and spleen.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Subject to complex allosteric regulation. The enzyme can assume an active R-state, or an inactive T-state. Intermediate conformations may exist. AMP acts as allosteric inhibitor. AMP binding affects the turnover of bound substrate and not the affinity for substrate. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate acts as competitive inhibitor. Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate and AMP have synergistic effects (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in pancreas by obesity and dietary fat intake and in diabetic animals.

10090:Rad51c
gene id: 10090:Rad51c
uniprot id: Q924H5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RecA family. RAD51 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of DNA repair. Involved in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents. Part of the RAD51 paralog protein complexes BCDX2 and CX3 which act at different stages of the BRCA1-BRCA2-dependent HR pathway. Upon DNA damage, BCDX2 seems to act downstream of BRCA2 recruitment and upstream of RAD51 recruitment; CX3 seems to act downstream of RAD51 recruitment; both complexes bind predominantly to the intersection of the four duplex arms of the Holliday junction (HJ) and to junction of replication forks. The BCDX2 complex was originally reported to bind single-stranded DNA, single-stranded gaps in duplex DNA and specifically to nicks in duplex DNA. The BCDX2 subcomplex RAD51B:RAD51C exhibits single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity suggesting an involvement in early stages of the HR pathway. Involved in RAD51 foci formation in response to DNA damage suggesting an involvement in early stages of HR probably in the invasion step. Has an early function in DNA repair in facilitating phosphorylation of the checkpoint kinase CHEK2 and thereby transduction of the damage signal, leading to cell cycle arrest and HR activation. Participates in branch migration and HJ resolution and thus is important for processing HR intermediates late in the DNA repair process; the function may be linked to the CX3 complex. Part of a PALB2-scaffolded HR complex containing BRCA2 and which is thought to play a role in DNA repair by HR. Protects RAD51 from ubiquitin-mediated degradation that is enhanced following DNA damage. Plays a role in regulating mitochondrial DNA copy number under conditions of oxidative stress in the presence of RAD51 and XRCC3. Contributes to DNA cross-link resistance, sister chromatid cohesion and genomic stability. Involved in maintaining centrosome number in mitosis.
messages: Expressed in embryos at various developmental stages. The expression is found to be higher between 11 and 15 days of gestation compared to day 7 or 17.
messages: Expressed in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney and testis but not detected in skeletal muscle.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the RAD51 paralog protein complexes BCDX2 and CX3; the complexes have a ring-like structure arranged into a flat disc around a central channel (By similarity). The BCDX2 complex consits of RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D and XRCC2; the CX3 complex consists of RAD51C and XRCC3 (By similarity). The BCDX2 subcomplex RAD51B:RAD51C interacts with RAD51 (By similarity). Interacts with SWSAP1; involved in homologous recombination repair (By similarity). Interacts directly with PALB2 which may serve as a scaffold for a HR complex containing PALB2, BRCA2, RAD51C, RAD51 and XRCC3 (By similarity). Interacts with HELQ (PubMed:24005329).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Olfr572
gene id: 10090:Olfr572
uniprot id: Q8VGZ3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Psrc1
gene id: 10090:Psrc1
uniprot id: Q9D0P7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PSRC1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in heart, brain and lung. Weaker expression in kidney and testis.
messages: Induced by adriamycin and mitomycin C, in a p53-dependent manner, in NIH3T3 cells. This induction is inhibited by actinomycin D. Also induced by cisplatin in a p73-dependent manner in embryonic cells.
messages: Interacts with APC2 (PubMed:17310996). Interacts with KIF2A (By similarity). Interacts with ANKRD53; recruits ANKRD53 to the spindle during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Required for normal progression through mitosis. Required for normal congress of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, and for normal rate of chromosomal segregation during anaphase. Plays a role in the regulation of mitotic spindle dynamics. Increases the rate of turnover of microtubules on metaphase spindles, and contributes to the generation of normal tension across sister kinetochores. Recruits KIF2A and ANKRD53 to the mitotic spindle and spindle poles. May participate in p53/TP53-regulated growth suppression (By similarity).
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Syngr4
gene id: 10090:Syngr4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0K3
uniprot id: D3Z3G3
uniprot id: Q9Z1L2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the synaptogyrin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr319
gene id: 10090:Olfr319
uniprot id: L7MTY4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Bcl3
gene id: 10090:Bcl3
uniprot id: Q9Z2F6
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation.
messages: Component of a complex consisting of the NF-kappa-B p52-p52 homodimer and BCL3. Component of a complex consisting of the NF-kappa-B p50-p50 homodimer and BCL3. Interacts with N4BP2, COPS5 and PIR (By similarity). Interacts with CYLD.
messages: Contributes to the regulation of transcriptional activation of NF-kappa-B target genes. In the cytoplasm, inhibits the nuclear translocation of the NF-kappa-B p50 subunit (By similarity). In the nucleus, acts as transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of NF-kappa-B target genes. Contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-9 is the initiator.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Ubiquitination via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains is required for nuclear accumulation. Deubiquitinated by CYLD, which acts on 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Deubiquitination by CYLD prevents nuclear accumulation.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:COX2
gene id: 10090:COX2
uniprot id: P00405
uniprot id: Q7JCZ1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 family.
messages: Binds a copper A center.
messages: Binds a dinuclear copper A center per subunit.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (By similarity). Found in a complex with TMEM177, COA6, COX18, COX20, SCO1 and SCO2. Interacts with TMEM177 in a COX20-dependent manner. Interacts with COX20. Interacts with COX16 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 14 subunits. The complex is composed of a catalytic core of 3 subunits MT-CO1, MT-CO2 and MT-CO3, encoded in the mitochondrial DNA, and 11 supernumerary subunits COX4I, COX5A, COX5B, COX6A, COX6B, COX6C, COX7A, COX7B, COX7C, COX8 and NDUFA4, which are encoded in the nuclear genome. The complex exists as a monomer or a dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (By similarity). Found in a complex with TMEM177, COA6, COX18, COX20, SCO1 and SCO2. Interacts with TMEM177 in a COX20-dependent manner. Interacts with COX20. Interacts with COX16.
messages: Component of the cytochrome c oxidase, the last enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. Cytochrome c oxidase is the component of the respiratory chain that catalyzes the reduction of oxygen to water. Electrons originating from reduced cytochrome c in the intermembrane space (IMS) are transferred via the dinuclear copper A center (CU(A)) of subunit 2 and heme A of subunit 1 to the active site in subunit 1, a binuclear center (BNC) formed by heme A3 and copper B (CU(B)). The BNC reduces molecular oxygen to 2 water molecules using 4 electrons from cytochrome c in the IMS and 4 protons from the mitochondrial matrix.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Bclaf3
gene id: 10090:Bclaf3
uniprot id: A2AG58
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BCLAF1/THRAP3 family.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Olfr290
gene id: 10090:Olfr290
uniprot id: Q7TS13
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Thsd7b
gene id: 10090:Thsd7b
uniprot id: Q6P4U0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Ercc8
gene id: 10090:Ercc8
uniprot id: Q8CFD5
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Ercc8 deficient mice develop normally, but show a loss of retinal photoreceptors after 4 months of age, and enhanced UV-sensitivity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Part of the CSA complex (DCX(ERCC8) complex), a DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing ERCC8, RBX1, DDB1 and CUL4A; the CSA complex interacts with RNA polymerase II; upon UV irradiation it interacts with the COP9 signalosome and preferentially with the hyperphosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II. Interacts with ERCC6 and KIAA1530/UVSSA. Interacts with a subunit of RNA polymerase II TFIIH. Interacts with DDB1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of the CSA complex, a DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, involved in transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (By similarity). The CSA complex (DCX(ERCC8) complex) promotes the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of ERCC6 in a UV-dependent manner; ERCC6 degradation is essential for the recovery of RNA synthesis after transcription-coupled repair (By similarity). It is required for the recruitment of XAB2, HMGN1 and TCEA1/TFIIS to a transcription-coupled repair complex which removes RNA polymerase II-blocking lesions from the transcribed strand of active genes (By similarity). Plays a role in DNA single-strand and double-strand breaks (DSSBs) repair; involved in repair of DSSBs by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) (By similarity).

10090:Spaca4
gene id: 10090:Spaca4
uniprot id: Q80ZQ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPACA4/bouncer family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in sperm-egg plasma membrane adhesion and fusion during fertilization.
messages: acrosome

10090:Gm5136
gene id: 10090:Gm5136
uniprot id: Q7M757
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67A family. BRCC36 subfamily.
messages: Metalloprotease that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.

10090:Acot10
gene id: 10090:Acot10
uniprot id: Q32MW3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the acyl coenzyme A hydrolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels. Active on long chain acyl-CoAs.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Hoxa2
gene id: 10090:Hoxa2
uniprot id: P31245
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. Proboscipedia subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Gm364
gene id: 10090:Gm364
uniprot id: A2AFI6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nonaspanin (TM9SF) (TC 9.A.2) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gdap2
gene id: 10090:Gdap2
uniprot id: Q9DBL2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GDAP2 family.
messages: By differentiation in neurons.
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain and testis, and at low levels in liver and kidney.
messages: In the brain, expression starts at 12 dpc and increases until adulthood.

10090:Slc26a10
gene id: 10090:Slc26a10
uniprot id: F8WGV3
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pias3
gene id: 10090:Pias3
uniprot id: O54714
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PIAS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed as early as 7.6 dpc. Expression remains high through 15.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in kidney, heart, spleen, brain and cerebellum; weak expression, if any, in liver and lung.
messages: Functions as an E3-type small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) ligase, stabilizing the interaction between UBE2I and the substrate, and as a SUMO-tethering factor. Plays a crucial role as a transcriptional coregulation in various cellular pathways, including the STAT pathway and the steroid hormone signaling pathway. Repressor of STAT3 signaling via inhibiting STAT3 DNA-binding and suppressing cell growth. Repressor of MITF transcriptional activity. Enhances the sumoylation of MTA1 and may participate in its paralog-selective sumoylation. Sumoylates CCAR2 which promotes its interaction with SIRT1 (By similarity). Diminishes the sumoylation of ZFHX3 by preventing the colocalization of ZFHX3 with SUMO1 in the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with PLAG1 and ZFHX3. Interacts with STAT5A; the interaction occurs on stimulation by PRL (By similarity). Binds SUMO1 and UBE2I. Interacts with AR, BCL11A, HMGA2, IRF1 and NCOA2. Interacts with MITF; the interaction inhibits the transcriptional activity of MITF. Interacts with STAT3; the interaction occurs on stimulation by IL6, CNTF or OSM and inhibits the DNA binding activity of STAT3. Interacts with GFI1; the interaction relieves the inhibitory effect of PIAS3 on STAT3-mediated transcriptional activity. Interacts with MTA1. Interacts with CCAR2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM8 (By similarity). Interacts with PRDM1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: The LXXLL motif is a transcriptional coregulator signature.

10090:Kif17
gene id: 10090:Kif17
uniprot id: A2AM72
uniprot id: Q99PW8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Dendrite-specific motor protein which, in association with the Apba1-containing complex (LIN-10-LIN-2-LIN-7 complex), transports vesicles containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B along microtubules.
messages: Expressed from embryonic day 16, and expression increases to postnatal week 3.
messages: Highly expressed in the gray matter of the brain, especially in the hippocampus.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:10846156). Interacts with APBA1 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is direct and is required for association of KIF17 with the cargo that is to be transported (PubMed:10846156). Interacts with IFT B complex components IFT52 and IFT57 (PubMed:23810713). Interacts with TTC30B (PubMed:23810713). Interacts with PIWIL1 (PubMed:16787948). Interacts with TBATA (PubMed:17196196).
messages: cilium
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Agtrap
gene id: 10090:Agtrap
uniprot id: Q9WVK0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Appears to be a negative regulator of type-1 angiotensin II receptor-mediated signaling by regulating receptor internalization as well as mechanism of receptor desensitization such as phosphorylation. Induces also a decrease in angiotensin II-stimulated transcriptional activity. May play a role of negative regulator in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II through an inhibition of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with RACK1 (By similarity), and with the C-terminal region of AGTR1.
messages: Ubiquitous but more abundant in kidney, testis and heart.

10090:Zfat
gene id: 10090:Zfat
uniprot id: Q7TS63
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in spleen and thymus but not in liver, muscle, heart, kidney, brain, bone marrow or pancreas. Expressed in CD19+, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes but not in CD11b+ lymphocytes or peritoneal macrophages (at protein level).
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation. Overexpression causes down-regulation of a number of genes involved in the immune response. Some genes are also up-regulated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated during the transition from CD4-/CD8- to CD4+/CD8+ thymocytes.
messages: cytosol

10090:Rims2
gene id: 10090:Rims2
uniprot id: Q9EQZ7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in testis, pituitary and an insulinoma cell line. Detected at low levels in cerebellar cortex.
messages: Interacts with TSPOAP1 and RIMBP2. Interacts with PPFIA3 and PPFIA4. Interacts via its zinc finger with the first C2 domain of UNC13A. Forms a complex consisting of UNC13A, RIMS2 and RAB3A (By similarity). Heterodimer with PCLO. Part of a ternary complex involving PCLO and EPAC2. Interacts with RAB3A and RAB3B that have been activated by GTP-binding. Interacts with RAB3C, RAB3D and RAB26.
messages: Rab effector involved in exocytosis. May act as scaffold protein. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: synaptosome

10090:Olfr390
gene id: 10090:Olfr390
uniprot id: Q8VEZ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tas2r123
gene id: 10090:Tas2r123
uniprot id: P59528
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelium and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed in the duodenum, antrum and fundus (part of the stomach).
messages: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.
messages: This protein was previously referred to as T2R2 but is now considered to be an ortholog of rat TAS2R23.

10090:2610002M06Rik
gene id: 10090:2610002M06Rik
uniprot id: Q9CQD4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNF7 family.
messages: Endosome
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis. ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4. Involved in cytokinesis. Involved in recruiting VPS4A and/or VPS4B and SPAST to the midbody of dividing cells (By similarity).
messages: Probable peripherally associated component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III). ESCRT-III components are thought to multimerize to form a flat lattice on the perimeter membrane of the endosome. Several assembly forms of ESCRT-III may exist that interact and act sequentially. Interacts with CHMP1A. Interacts with VTA1; the interaction probably involves the open conformation of CHMP1B. Interacts with CHMP2A. Interacts with VPS4A; the interaction is direct. Interacts with VPS4B; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SPAST (via MIT domain); the interaction is direct. Interacts with IST1. Interacts with MITD1. Interacts with STAMBP (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr27
gene id: 10090:Olfr27
uniprot id: Q9EQ90
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rgs9bp
gene id: 10090:Rgs9bp
uniprot id: Q148R9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RGS7BP/RGS9BP family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show light responses that recover at a abnormally slow rate.
messages: Predominantly expressed in photoreceptors of the retina. Weakly expressed in other areas of the central nervous system.
messages: Regulator of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in phototransduction. Participates in the recovery phase of visual transduction via its interaction with RGS9-1 isoform. Acts as a membrane-anchor that mediates the targeting of RGS9-1 to the photoreceptor outer segment, where phototransduction takes place. Enhances the ability of RGS9-1 to stimulate G protein GTPase activity, allowing the visual signal to be terminated on the physiologically time scale. It also controls the proteolytic stability of RGS9-1, probably by protecting it from degradation.
messages: Specifically interacts with isoform RGS9-1 of RGS9. Interaction is decreased when RGS9-1 is phosphorylated at 'Ser-475'. Component of the RGS9-1-Gbeta5 complex composed of RGS9-1, Gbeta5 (GNB5) and RGS9BP.

10090:Cthrc1
gene id: 10090:Cthrc1
uniprot id: Q9D1D6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May act as a negative regulator of collagen matrix deposition.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Mrgprx2
gene id: 10090:Mrgprx2
uniprot id: Q3UFT2
uniprot id: Q3UG50
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In spite of its official gene name, this protein may not be the functional ortholog of human MRGPRX2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. Probably involved in the function of nociceptive neurons. May regulate nociceptor function and/or development, including the sensation or modulation of pain (By similarity).

10090:Cgrrf1
gene id: 10090:Cgrrf1
uniprot id: Q8BMJ7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Able to inhibit growth in several cell lines.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nckipsd
gene id: 10090:Nckipsd
uniprot id: Q9ESJ4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the intermediate filaments, vimentin and desmin (By similarity). Binds the first and third SH3 domains of NCK (By similarity). Binds the proline-rich domains of N-WASP through its SH3 domain. Similarly, binds diaphanous protein homolog 1 (DRF1) (By similarity). Binds the SH3 domains of GRB2 through its proline-rich domains. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: Has an important role in stress fiber formation induced by active diaphanous protein homolog 1 (DRF1) (By similarity). Induces microspike formation, in vivo. In vitro, stimulates N-WASP-induced ARP2/3 complex activation in the absence of CDC42. May play an important role in the maintenance of sarcomere and/or in the assembly of myofibrils into sarcomeres. Implicated in regulation of actin polymerization and cell adhesion.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gab3
gene id: 10090:Gab3
uniprot id: Q8BSM5
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GAB family.
messages: Highly expressed in spleen and thymus and weakly in brain, heart, lung, kidney, uterus, and embryonic stem cells. Also expressed in myeloid and macrophage cell lines.
messages: Interacts with PIK3R/p85, SHP2 and GRAP2/MONA. May interact with Grb2.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residue(s) after macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) receptor stimulation.

10090:Svs1
gene id: 10090:Svs1
uniprot id: Q6WIZ7
uniprot id: Q8BZI2
names: Cofactor
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the copper/topaquinone oxidase family.
messages: Contains 1 topaquinone per subunit.
messages: Topaquinone (TPQ) is generated by copper-dependent autoxidation of a specific tyrosyl residue.

10090:Syndig1l
gene id: 10090:Syndig1l
uniprot id: B2RRM8
uniprot id: Q3USQ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.
messages: Expression is restricted to the caudate-putamen. Down-regulated in R6/2 transgenic mice, a model for Huntington disease.
messages: Membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Serpina1c
gene id: 10090:Serpina1c
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0X5
uniprot id: Q00896
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Inhibitor of serine proteases. Can inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin; relatively ineffective against elastase.
messages: Murine alpha-1-antitrypsin is represented by a cluster of up to 6 individual Serpina1-related genes. The precise complement of Serpina1-related genes present varies according to the strain of the animal.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina1-related genes may determine target protease specificity.

10090:Vmn1r43
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r43
uniprot id: Q8VIC9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Cyp2c37
gene id: 10090:Cyp2c37
uniprot id: P56654
uniprot id: Q9DBD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that metabolizes (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonate) to primarily produce 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH--hemoprotein reductase).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Liver.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Olfr378
gene id: 10090:Olfr378
uniprot id: Q8VGT2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r118
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r118
uniprot id: L7N273
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aktip
gene id: 10090:Aktip
uniprot id: Q64362
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. FTS subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the FTS/Hook/FHIP complex (FHF complex), composed of AKTIP/FTS, FHIP1B, and one or more members of the Hook family of proteins HOOK1, HOOK2, and HOOK3. Interacts directly with HOOK1, HOOK2 and HOOK3. The FHF complex associates with the homotypic vesicular sorting complex (the HOPS complex). Also interacts with AKT1. May interact with FHIP1A.
messages: Component of the FTS/Hook/FHIP complex (FHF complex). The FHF complex may function to promote vesicle trafficking and/or fusion via the homotypic vesicular protein sorting complex (the HOPS complex). Regulates apoptosis by enhancing phosphorylation and activation of AKT1. Increases release of TNFSF6 via the AKT1/GSK3B/NFATC1 signaling cascade. FHF complex promotes the distribution of AP-4 complex to the perinuclear area of the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Aktip are a cause of embryonic death in homozygous animals. Death occurs at about 10 days of development. Symptoms include loss of left-right asymmetry, malformation of the developing brain and of the spinal cord, syndactyly and polydactyly. Heterozygous animals are characterized by polydactyly and thymic hyperplasia.
messages: Lacks the conserved Cys residue necessary for ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 activity.
messages: Ubiquitous. Highest expression in kidney, testis and brain and lowest in spleen and liver.

10090:Tmem207
gene id: 10090:Tmem207
uniprot id: P86045
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with WWOX.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Membrane

10090:Oas1c
gene id: 10090:Oas1c
uniprot id: Q924S2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 2-5A synthase family.
messages: By interferon (IFN) and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C).
messages: Does not have 2'-5'-OAS activity, but can bind double-stranded RNA.
messages: Expressed at highest level in brain with lesser amounts in spleen, kidney, stomach, liver, intestine, ovary, skin and testis. Not detected in lung, thymus, heart and uterus.
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem cells and embryonic fibroblasts (PubMed:11418248). Detected 1 week after birth in developing ovary (PubMed:27663720).

10090:H2al1i
gene id: 10090:H2al1i
uniprot id: Q5M8Q2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Atypical histone H2A which can replace conventional H2A in some nucleosomes and may play a role during spermatogenesis. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: In contrast to other H2A histones, it does not contain the conserved residues that are the target of post-translational modifications.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly enriched in step 12-16 spermatids and accumulate during late spermiogenesis, in condensing spermatids (PubMed:17261847). Remains present in mature spermatozoa isolated from epididymis (PubMed:17261847). Rapidly disappears from the paternal pericentric heterochromatin regions after sperm-egg fusion (PubMed:18703863).
messages: Testis-specific.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. May be incorporated into a proportion of nucleosomes, replacing one or more H2A molecules. Interacts with H2BC1/TH2B; preferentially dimerizes with H2BC1/TH2B to form nucleosomes (PubMed:17261847).

10090:Thbd
gene id: 10090:Thbd
uniprot id: P15306
uniprot id: Q543W3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endothelial cells are unique in synthesizing thrombomodulin.
messages: Interacts with ITGAL, ITGAM and ITGB2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C (protein Ca). Once evolved, protein Ca scissions the activated cofactors of the coagulation mechanism, factor Va and factor VIIIa, and thereby reduces the amount of thrombin generated.

10090:P2ry14
gene id: 10090:P2ry14
uniprot id: A0A0G2JEW9
uniprot id: Q544F4
uniprot id: Q9ESG6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for UDP-glucose coupled to G-proteins.

10090:1700029J07Rik
gene id: 10090:1700029J07Rik
uniprot id: Q3U1D9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPF0602 family.
messages: centrosome

10090:Lpar2
gene id: 10090:Lpar2
uniprot id: Q9JL06
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Interacts with SLC9A3R2/NHERF2, MAGI3 and PLCB3. Interacts with RALA and GRK2 (By similarity).
messages: Most abundantly expressed in testes, kidney, and embryonic brain. Other organs also express the transcript, including heart, lung, spleen, thymus, stomach, and adult brain. Several have little or no expression, including liver, small intestine, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Receptor for lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a mediator of diverse cellular activities. Seems to be coupled to the G(i)/G(o), G(12)/G(13), and G(q) families of heteromeric G proteins. Plays a key role in phospholipase C-beta (PLC-beta) signaling pathway Stimulates phospholipase C (PLC) activity in a manner that is independent of RALA activation (By similarity).

10090:Zfp750
gene id: 10090:Zfp750
uniprot id: Q8BH05
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor involved in epidermis differentiation. Required for terminal epidermal differentiation: acts downstream of p63/TP63 and activates expression of late epidermal differentiation genes. Specifically binds to the promoter of KLF4 and promotes its expression (By similarity).

10090:Armc8
gene id: 10090:Armc8
uniprot id: G3X920
uniprot id: Q9DBR3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn2r76
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r76
uniprot id: E9Q3F5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddhd2
gene id: 10090:Ddhd2
uniprot id: Q80Y98
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PA-PLA1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Forms homooligomers and, to a much smaller extent, heterooligomers with DDHD1.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-31 is the initiator.
messages: Phospholipase that hydrolyzes preferentially phosphatidic acid, including 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-phosphatidic acid, and phosphatidylethanolamine. Specifically binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI(3)P), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PI(5)P) and possibly phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2). May be involved in the maintenance of the endoplasmic reticulum and/or Golgi structures. May regulate the transport between Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: SAM and DDHD domains together are required for phospholipid binding.
messages: cis-Golgi network
messages: cytosol

10090:Grm3
gene id: 10090:Grm3
uniprot id: Q9QYS2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.
messages: Interacts with TAMALIN.

10090:Hpf1
gene id: 10090:Hpf1
uniprot id: Q8CFE2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HPF1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cofactor for serine ADP-ribosylation that confers serine specificity on PARP1 and PARP2 and plays a key role in DNA damage response. Initiates the repair of double-strand DNA breaks: recruited to DNA damage sites by PARP1 and PARP2 and switches the amino acid specificity of PARP1 and PARP2 from aspartate or glutamate to serine residues, licensing serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins. Serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins, such as histones, promotes decompaction of chromatin and the recruitment of repair factors leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks. Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. HPF1 acts by completing the active site of PARP1 and PARP2: forms a composite active site composed of residues from HPF1 and PARP1 or PARP2. While HPF1 promotes the initiation of serine ADP-ribosylation, it restricts the polymerase activity of PARP1 and PARP2 in order to limit the length of poly-ADP-ribose chains. HPF1 also promotes tyrosine ADP-ribosylation, probably by conferring tyrosine specificity on PARP1.
messages: Interacts with PARP1 (via the PARP catalytic domain). Interacts with PARP2 (via the PARP catalytic domain). Interacts with core nucleosomes in a PARP1- and PARP2-dependent manner.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmp1
gene id: 10090:Vmp1
uniprot id: Q99KU0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VMP1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with BECN1 (By similarity). Interacts with TJP1. Interacts with TP53INP2. Interacts with TMEM41B. Interacts with ATP2A2, PLN and SLN; competes with PLN and SLN to prevent them from forming an inhibitory complex with ATP2A2. Interacts with ATG2A (By similarity).
messages: Mutants show early embryonic lethality with lipid accumulation in the visceral endoderm (PubMed:31526472). Intestinal epithelial cell-specific knockout show accumulation of lipids in intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:31526472).
messages: Phospholipid scramblase involved in lipid homeostasis and membrane dynamics processes (By similarity). Has phospholipid scramblase activity toward cholesterol and phosphatidylserine, as well as phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine (By similarity). Required for autophagosome formation: participates in early stages of autophagosome biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane by reequilibrating the leaflets of the ER as lipids are extracted by ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B) to mediate autophagosome assembly (PubMed:17940279, PubMed:28890335). Regulates ATP2A2 activity to control ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation (By similarity). In addition to autophagy, involved in other processes in which phospholipid scramblase activity is required (By similarity). Modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes (By similarity). Plays an essential role in formation of cell junctions (PubMed:31526472). Upon stress such as bacterial and viral infection, promotes formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles followed by cell death (By similarity). Involved in the cytoplasmic vacuolization of acinar cells during the early stage of acute pancreatitis (By similarity).
messages: The VTT domain was previously called the SNARE-assoc domain. As there is no evidence that this domain associates with SNARE proteins, it was renamed as VMP1, TMEM41, and TVP38 (VTT) domain.
messages: Vacuole membrane

10090:Xylt2
gene id: 10090:Xylt2
uniprot id: Q3TZ69
uniprot id: Q3UCI0
uniprot id: Q9EPL0
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Active with either Mg(2+) or Mn(2+), but activity is highest when both are present.
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family. XylT subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate, heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, such as DCN (PubMed:17517600). Transfers D-xylose from UDP-D-xylose to specific serine residues of the core protein (By similarity).
messages: Contains disulfide bonds.
messages: Detected in brain, liver, lung, kidney, heart, spleen and testis, and at lower levels in skeletal muscle.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. Their livers display strongly reduced levels of heparan sulfate proteoglycan. DCN glycosylation is altered and lacks chondroitin sulfate groups. After 3 to 5 months, all mutant mice display increased liver weight. At an age of 4 to 5 months, about half of them delevop liver cysts, due to biliary epithelial cell hyperplasia. At an age of 3 and 10 months, mutant mice also display increased kidney weight due to hydronephrosis and impaired renal function, but they do not develop cysts.
messages: Secreted

10090:Prickle2
gene id: 10090:Prickle2
uniprot id: A7YQ68
uniprot id: Q80Y24
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the prickle / espinas / testin family.
messages: Expressed in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Null mice are viable, but show an increased seizure rate compared to heterozygous mice, indicating a dosage effect. Heterozygous Prickle2 +/- mice have a decreased seizure threshold compared to wild-type.

10090:Tnnt3
gene id: 10090:Tnnt3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1A8
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1B0
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1B1
uniprot id: A2A6H6
uniprot id: A2A6I0
uniprot id: A2A6I3
uniprot id: A2A6I5
uniprot id: A2A6I8
uniprot id: A2A6J0
uniprot id: A2A6J1
uniprot id: Q9QZ47
uniprot id: Z4YJU0
uniprot id: Z4YKD9
uniprot id: Z4YKF8
uniprot id: Z4YKG3
uniprot id: Z4YKG8
uniprot id: Z4YNB2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the troponin T family.
messages: Embryo and neonate express predominantly acidic isoforms while all adult isoforms are basic. Only one isoform, B2e17, is found in both embryo/neonate and adult. A transition from high to low molecular weight isoforms is also seen during postnatal development.
messages: Expressed predominantly in skeletal muscle.
messages: Troponin T is the tropomyosin-binding subunit of troponin, the thin filament regulatory complex which confers calcium-sensitivity to striated muscle actomyosin ATPase activity.

10090:Ankrd16
gene id: 10090:Ankrd16
uniprot id: A2AS55
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with AARS; the interaction is direct.
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:29769718). Loss of Ankrd16 in mice with a 'sticky' phenotype (mice homozygous for the variant 'Glu-734' in Aars/AlaRS) results in early embryonic lethality (PubMed:29769718). Conditional deletion in postnatal Purkinje cells in mice with a 'sticky' phenotype exacerbates the 'sticky' phenotype and causes widespread protein aggregation and neuron loss (PubMed:29769718).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required to prevent the misactivation of serine (Ser) with tRNA(Ala) by promoting the hydrolysis of Ser-mischarged tRNA(Ala), thereby playing a role in translational fidelity (PubMed:29769718). Binds directly to the catalytic domain of AARS/AlaRS and captures Ser that is misactivated by AARS/AlaRS, preventing the charging of Ser adenylates to tRNA(Ala) and precluding Ser misincorporation in nascent peptides (PubMed:29769718).
messages: Side chains of Lys-102, Lys-135 and Lys-165 capture Ser that is misactivated by AARS/AlaRS.
messages: Widely expressed in brain (at protein level).

10090:Znrd1
gene id: 10090:Znrd1
uniprot id: Q791N7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the archaeal RpoM/eukaryotic RPA12/RPB9/RPC11 RNA polymerase family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) complex consisting of at least 13 subunits.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ftl1
gene id: 10090:Ftl1
uniprot id: Q9CPX4
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ferritin family.
messages: Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation.

10090:Ip6k1
gene id: 10090:Ip6k1
uniprot id: Q6PD10
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.
messages: Converts inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) to diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (InsP7/PP-InsP5). Converts 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate (InsP5) to PP-InsP4.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in brain and testis. Detected at much lower levels in heart, kidney, liver, lung and spleen.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Col10a1
gene id: 10090:Col10a1
uniprot id: Q05306
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: Type X collagen is a product of hypertrophic chondrocytes and has been localized to presumptive mineralization zones of hyaline cartilage.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Mtch1
gene id: 10090:Mtch1
uniprot id: Q791T5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Interacts with PSEN1.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Potential mitochondrial transporter. May play a role in apoptosis (By similarity).

10090:H2-T3
gene id: 10090:H2-T3
uniprot id: Q05A75
uniprot id: Q8HWB4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Zrsr1
gene id: 10090:Zrsr1
uniprot id: Q64707
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at the 2-cell stage, and at the morula and blastocyst stages.
messages: Highest expression levels are detected in the brain, and lower expression levels in other tissues like epididymis, testis, bone marrow or muscle (PubMed:29617656). In testis, expressed in both Sertoli and spermatogenic cell (PubMed:29617656).
messages: Interacts with SF3B1 (PubMed:29617656). Interacts with ZCRB1 (PubMed:29617656).
messages: Maternally imprinted. Active paternal allele is unmethylated whereas the inactive maternal allele is highly methylated.
messages: No visible phenotype, possibly because of the compensating effects of one or more of the other 3 paralogs (U2AF1, U2AF1L4, ZRSR2).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in splicing of the U12-type introns (PubMed:29617656). Implicated also in removal of U2 introns positioned adjacent to a U12 intron (PubMed:29617656).

10090:Ppp1r14b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r14b
uniprot id: Q62084
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PP1 inhibitor family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibitor of PPP1CA. Has over 50-fold higher inhibitory activity when phosphorylated.
messages: Phosphorylated primarily on Thr-57 by PKC (in vitro). An unknown Ser is also phosphorylated by PKC (in vitro).
messages: Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in testis. Detected at low levels in the other tissues tested. Highly expressed in cardiac muscle, bladder and aorta (at protein level).

10090:Prdm6
gene id: 10090:Prdm6
uniprot id: Q3UZD5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Expressed in a variety of smooth muscle-containing tissues and displays especially robust expression in the cardiac outflow tract and descending aorta during embryogenesis. Also enriched in vascular precursors during development.
messages: Highly expressed in ductus arteriosus prenatally, expression declines rapildy after birth.
messages: Interacts with HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, CBX1 and EP300.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative histone methyltransferase that acts as a transcriptional repressor of smooth muscle gene expression (PubMed:16537907, PubMed:17662997). Promotes the transition from differentiated to proliferative smooth muscle by suppressing differentiation and maintaining the proliferative potential of vascular smooth muscle cells (PubMed:27181681, PubMed:16537907, PubMed:17662997). Also plays a role in endothelial cells by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. It is unclear whether it has histone methyltransferase activity in vivo. According to some authors, it does not act as a histone methyltransferase by itself and represses transcription by recruiting EHMT2/G9a (PubMed:16537907). According to others, it possesses histone methyltransferase activity when associated with other proteins and specifically methylates 'Lys-20' of histone H4 in vitro. 'Lys-20' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression (PubMed:17662997).

10090:Naip5
gene id: 10090:Naip5
uniprot id: Q9R016
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with L.pneumophila flagellin.
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with S.typhimurium (Salmonella) flagellin.
messages: Component of the NLRC4 inflammasome, at least composed of NLRC4, caspase-1 (CASP1) and some NAIP protein. Flagellin binding by NAIP5 triggers assembly of the inflammasome, a huge complex that contains a single NAIP5 chain and multiple copies of NLRC4 (PubMed:29182158).
messages: Detected in macrophages (at protein level).
messages: Part of the Lgn1 locus that determines susceptibility to the intracellular pathogen L.pneumophila. Susceptibility differs between inbred mouse strains. Strain C57BL/6J is not permissive, i.e. L.pneumophila cannot multiply in C57BL/6J macrophages, contrary to the situation in mouse strain A/J. Strain FVB/NJ macrophages display intermediate permissiveness for intracellular proliferation of L.pneumophila.
messages: Sensor component of the NLRC4 inflammasome that specifically recognizes and binds flagellin from pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella or Salmonella (PubMed:12526741, PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:29146805, PubMed:29182158). Association of pathogenic bacteria proteins drives in turn drive assembly and activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, promoting caspase-1 activation, cytokine production and macrophage pyroptosis (PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:29146805, PubMed:29182158). The NLRC4 inflammasome is activated as part of the innate immune response to a range of intracellular bacteria. The NLRC4 inflammasome senses Gram-negative bacteria such as L.pneumophila and P.aeruginosa, enteric pathogens S.typhimurium (Salmonella) and S.flexneri (PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:29146805, PubMed:29182158). May contribute to prevent motor-neuron apoptosis induced by a variety of signals (By similarity).

10090:Olfr272
gene id: 10090:Olfr272
uniprot id: Q8VGA0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Elane
gene id: 10090:Elane
uniprot id: Q3UP87
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Elastase subfamily.
messages: Interacts with NOTCH2NL.
messages: Medullasin modifies the functions of natural killer cells, monocytes and granulocytes. Inhibits C5a-dependent neutrophil enzyme release and chemotaxis (By similarity). Capable of killing E.coli; probably digests outer membrane protein A (ompA) in E.coli (PubMed:10947984).
messages: Mice with a homozygous knockout of this gene are more easily killed by wild-type E.coli, but the knockout has no visible killing effect on E.coli deleted for outer membrane protein A (ompA).

10090:Asb6
gene id: 10090:Asb6
uniprot id: Q91ZU1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: Binds APS. Identified in a complex with ELOB and ELOC. Interacts with CUL5 and RNF7 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in adipocytes.
messages: Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Cyp2c40
gene id: 10090:Cyp2c40
uniprot id: E9Q7C8
uniprot id: P56657
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that may play a major role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid in the intestinal tract (PubMed:10908295, PubMed:9721182). Exhibits regioselective hydroxylase and epoxidase activity toward arachidonic acid, producing 16(R)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and (14R,15S)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EpETrE) as major products (PubMed:10908295). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:10908295).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Liver, brain, kidney, and intestine, with trace amounts in lung and heart (PubMed:9721182, PubMed:10908295). Expressed throughout the intestinal tract, with higher expression levels in jejunum, cecum and colon (PubMed:10908295).
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Nedd4
gene id: 10090:Nedd4
uniprot id: P46935
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cysteine residue is required for ubiquitin-thioester formation.
messages: Activated by NDFIP1- and NDFIP2-binding.
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Binds SCNN1A, SCNN1B and SCNN1G. Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; this interaction activates the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and may induce its recruitment to exosomes. Interacts with UBE2D2 (PubMed:9182527). Binds, in vitro, through the WW2 and WW3 domains, to neural isoforms of ENAH that contain the PPSY motif (PubMed:9407065). Interacts with BEAN1, LITAF, RNF11, WBP1, WBP2, PMEPAI and PRRG2 (PubMed:11042109). Interacts with murine leukemia virus Gag polyprotein (via PPXY motif) (PubMed:15908698). Interacts (via C2 domain) with GRB10 (via SH2 domain) (PubMed:12697834, PubMed:15060076, PubMed:18286479, PubMed:20980250). Interacts with ERBB4 (PubMed:19193720, PubMed:19047365). Interacts with TNIK; the interaction is direct, allows the TNIK-dependent recruitment of RAP2A and its ubiquitination by NEDD4 (PubMed:20159449). Interacts (via WW3 domain) with TNK2; EGF promotes this interaction. Interacts (via WW3 domain) with FGFR1 (via C-terminus). Interacts with OTUD7B (By similarity). Interacts with ISG15 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domain) with RAPGEF2; this interaction leads to ubiquitination and degradation via the proteasome pathway. Interacts (via WW domains) with ARRDC3 (via PPXY motifs) (By similarity). Interacts with LAPTM4B; may play a role in the lysosomal sorting of LAPTM4B (By similarity). Interacts with ZBTB7B (PubMed:28784777). Interacts with PRRG4 (via cytoplasmic domain) (By similarity). Interacts directly with LDLRAD3; this interaction promotes NEDD4 auto-ubiquitination (By similarity). Interacts with ADRB2 (By similarity). Interacts (via WW domains) with DAZAP2 (via PPAY motif) (By similarity).
messages: Brain.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates. Specifically ubiquitinates 'Lys-63' in target proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinates IGF1R at multiple sites, thus leading to receptor internalization and degradation in lysosomes (PubMed:18286479). Ubiquitinates FGFR1, leading to receptor internalization and degradation in lysosomes. Involved in ubiquitination of ERBB4 intracellular domain E4ICD1 (PubMed:19193720). Predominantly involved in ubiquitination of membrane bound forms of ERBB4 rather than processed precursors and intermediate membrane-anchored 80 kDa fragments (m80HER4), with a lesser role in ubiquitination of ERBB4 intracellular domain E4ICD1 (PubMed:19047365). Promotes ubiquitination of RAPGEF2. Involved in the pathway leading to the degradation of VEGFR-2/KDFR, independently of its ubiquitin-ligase activity. Part of a signaling complex composed of NEDD4, RAP2A and TNIK which regulates neuronal dendrite extension and arborization during development (PubMed:20159449). Ubiquitinates TNK2 and regulates EGF-induced degradation of EGFR and TNF2 (By similarity). Ubiquitinates BRAT1 and this ubiquitination is enhanced in the presence of NDFIP1 (By similarity). Ubiquitinates DAZAP2, leading to its proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitinates POLR2A (By similarity).
messages: Lethal during late gestation. Embryos show a retarded development and defects in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The WW domains mediate interaction with PPxY motif-containing proteins (By similarity). The WW domains mediate interaction with LITAF, RNF11, WBP1, WBP2, PMEPAI, NDFIP1 and PRRG2 (PubMed:11042109).

10090:Dus3l
gene id: 10090:Dus3l
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY9
uniprot id: Q91XI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
messages: Belongs to the dus family. Dus3 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of dihydrouridine, a modified base, in various RNAs, such as tRNAs, mRNAs and some long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Mainly modifies the uridine in position 47 (U47) in the D-loop of most cytoplasmic tRNAs. Also able to mediate the formation of dihydrouridine in some mRNAs, thereby regulating their translation.

10090:Ifna7
gene id: 10090:Ifna7
uniprot id: Q810G6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Wdfy1
gene id: 10090:Wdfy1
uniprot id: E9Q4P1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds PtdIns3P in vitro with high specificity over other phosphoinositides (By similarity). Interacts (via WD repeat 2) with tyrosine-phosphorylated TLR3 (via TIR domain) in response to poly(I:C) (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with TLR4 in response to LPS (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with TICAM1 in response to poly(I:C) (PubMed:25736436).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Positively regulates TLR3- and TLR4-mediated signaling pathways by bridging the interaction between TLR3 or TLR4 and TICAM1. Promotes TLR3/4 ligand-induced activation of transcription factors IRF3 and NF-kappa-B, as well as the production of IFN-beta and inflammatory cytokines (PubMed:25736436).
messages: The FYVE-type zinc finger domain mediates interactions with phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in membranes of early endosomes and penetrates bilayers. The FYVE domain insertion into PtdIns(3)P-enriched membranes is substantially increased in acidic conditions. The FYVE domain is required for its function in regulating TLR3 signaling.

10090:Fitm2
gene id: 10090:Fitm2
uniprot id: P59266
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FIT family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) diphosphatase that hydrolyzes fatty acyl-CoA to yield acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine and adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate (By similarity). Preferentially hydrolyzes unsaturated long-chain acyl-CoA substrates such as oleoyl-CoA/(9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA and arachidonoyl-CoA/(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen (By similarity). This catalytic activity is required for maintaining ER structure and for lipid droplets (LDs) biogenesis, which are lipid storage organelles involved in maintaining lipid and energy homeostasis (PubMed:18160536, PubMed:26504167) (By similarity). Directly binds to diacylglycerol (DAGs) and triacylglycerol, which is also important for LD biogenesis (PubMed:22106267) (By similarity). May support directional budding of nacent LDs from the ER into the cytosol by reducing DAG levels at sites of LD formation (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization (By similarity).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice display embryonic lethality (PubMed:30923760). Heterozygous knockout mice exhibit shortened left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and shortened left ventricular end-systolic dimension (PubMed:30923760). They also exhibit improved profiles upon pressure overload-induced heart failure (PubMed:30923760).
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in white and brown adipose tissues (at protein level). In the heart, mRNA expression levels do not correlate well with protein levels, suggesting post-transcriptional regulation in this organ.

10090:Vmn1r121
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r121
uniprot id: K7N6J4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r14
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r14
uniprot id: H3BJ46
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pdia5
gene id: 10090:Pdia5
uniprot id: Q921X9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Interacts with CALR (via P-domain).

10090:Olfr1449
gene id: 10090:Olfr1449
uniprot id: Q8VEV8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fbln7
gene id: 10090:Fbln7
uniprot id: Q501P1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: An adhesion molecule that interacts with extracellular matrix molecules in developing teeth and may play important roles in differentiation and maintenance of odontoblasts as well as in dentin formation.
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Expressed by preodontoblasts and odontoblasts in developing teeth. Localizes to the apical pericellular regions of preodontoblasts. When the dentin matrix is fully formed and dentin mineralization occurs, it is present in the predentin matrix and along the dentinal tubules. It is also expressed in the developing growth plate cartilage, hair follicles and extraembryonic areas of the placenta.
messages: Highly expressed in newborn incisors and molars. A weaker expression is seen in the brain, kidneys, muscles and bones.
messages: Interacts with heparin, FBLN1, FN1 and DSPP. Preferentially binds dental mesenchyme cells and odontoblasts but not dental epithelial cells or nondental cells. Binding requires a heparan sulfate-containing receptor on the cell surface as well as an integrin.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tex264
gene id: 10090:Tex264
uniprot id: E9Q137
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromosome
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts (via the LIR motif) with ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, GABARAP and GABARAPL1. Interacts with VCP/p97; bridging VCP/p97 to covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs). Interacts with TOP1 (when sumoylated).
messages: Major reticulophagy (also called ER-phagy) receptor that acts independently of other candidate reticulophagy receptors to remodel subdomains of the endoplasmic reticulum into autophagosomes upon nutrient stress, which then fuse with lysosomes for endoplasmic reticulum turnover. The ATG8-containing isolation membrane (IM) cradles a tubular segment of TEX264-positive ER near a three-way junction, allowing the formation of a synapse of 2 juxtaposed membranes with trans interaction between the TEX264 and ATG8 proteins. Expansion of the IM would extend the capture of ER, possibly through a 'zipper-like' process involving continued trans TEX264-ATG8 interactions, until poorly understood mechanisms lead to the fission of relevant membranes and, ultimately, autophagosomal membrane closure. Also involved in the repair of covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) during DNA synthesis: acts by bridging VCP/p97 to covalent DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) and initiating resolution of DPCs by SPRTN.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The LIR motif in the cytosol-facing C-terminal region is involved in the interaction with ATG8 proteins.
messages: The disordered region is required for autophagosome binding and reticulophagy, probably via bridging the long distance between endoplasmic reticulum and autophagosome membranes, because ribosomes exist on endoplasmic reticulum membranes that attach to autophagic membranes.
messages: autophagosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Taar8b
gene id: 10090:Taar8b
uniprot id: Q5QD06
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking Taar2, Taar3, Taar4, Taar5, Taar6, Taar7a, Taar7b, Taar7d, Taar7e, Taar7f, Taar8a, Taar8b, Taar8c and Taar9 show no visible phenotype or behavioral deficits. They however show an absence of aversion to low concentrations of amines such as 2-phenylethylamine, isopentylamine, N-methylpiperidine and cadaverine.
messages: Orphan olfactory receptor specific for trace amines.
messages: Specifically expressed in neurons of the olfactory epithelium.

10090:Jam2
gene id: 10090:Jam2
uniprot id: Q9JI59
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed by bone marrow stromal cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21868569). Expressed in skin (at protein level) (PubMed:16297198). Expressed in testis by Sertoli cells (at protein level) (PubMed:15372036, PubMed:25817991). Expressed by dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord neurons (PubMed:27499083).
messages: Junctional adhesion protein that mediates heterotypic cell-cell interactions with its cognate receptor JAM3 to regulate different cellular processes (PubMed:16093349, PubMed:21868569, PubMed:24357068). Plays a role in homing and mobilization of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the bone marrow (PubMed:21868569, PubMed:24357068). At the surface of bone marrow stromal cells, it contributes to the retention of the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells expressing JAM3 (PubMed:21868569, PubMed:24357068). Plays a central role in leukocytes extravasation by facilitating not only transmigration but also tethering and rolling of leukocytes along the endothelium (PubMed:16297198, PubMed:19740376). Tethering and rolling of leukocytes are dependent on the binding by JAM2 of the integrin alpha-4/beta-1 (PubMed:19740376). Plays a role in spermatogenesis where JAM2 and JAM3, which are respectively expressed by Sertoli and germ cells, mediate an interaction between both cell types and play an essential role in the anchorage of germ cells onto Sertoli cells and the assembly of cell polarity complexes during spermatid differentiation (Probable). Also functions as an inhibitory somatodendritic cue that prevents the myelination of non-axonal parts of neurons (PubMed:27499083). During myogenesis, it is involved in myocyte fusion (By similarity). May also play a role in angiogenesis (PubMed:25911611).
messages: Mice lacking Jam2 do not display overt morphological, vascular or immunologic phenotype (PubMed:21868569). However, aberrant myelination of dorsal horn interneuron cell bodies is observed (PubMed:27499083, PubMed:21868569). They develop age-dependent significant walking and gait abnormalities compared to controls. Neuropathologic brain analysis show age-dependent progressive prominent vacuolization in the midbrain, thalamus, and cerebral and cerebellar cortices. These changes are associated with reactive astrogliosis, microglial activation, and a reduced neuronal density. Similar findings are observed in spinal cord sections. There is no evidence of mineralization or calcification in the brain or spinal cord of mutant mice (PubMed:32142645).
messages: The Ig-like V-type domain is necessary and sufficient to mediate interaction with JAM3 and integrin alpha-4/beta-1.
messages: The expression in Sertoli cells is regulated by TGFB3 through ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation.
messages: tight junction

10090:Sap25
gene id: 10090:Sap25
uniprot id: Q1EHW4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in the transcriptional repression mediated by the mSIN3A but not the N-CoR corepressor complex.
messages: May be a component of the mSIN3A corepressor complex. Interacts with SIN3A and HDAC2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Arpc1b
gene id: 10090:Arpc1b
uniprot id: Q9WV32
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat ARPC1 family.
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC.
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs).
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Dars2
gene id: 10090:Dars2
uniprot id: Q8BIP0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Pramel35
gene id: 10090:Pramel35
uniprot id: A0A0J9YU01
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Plk5
gene id: 10090:Plk5
uniprot id: G3X967
uniprot id: Q4FZD7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated in proliferating cells or in serum-stimulated cells or growth factors. Up-regulated in asynchronous cells, or upon serum deprivation or following stress inducible DNA damage treatment.
messages: Expressed in the cerebellum, eye and brain cortex (at protein level). Expressed in highly differentiated tissues, such as brain, eyes and ovary. Not detectable in proliferating tissues, such as the colon, spleen and placenta.
messages: Inactive serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a role in cell cycle progression and neuronal differentiation.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive; has lost the main activatory autophosphorylation site and the conserved key residues involved in phospho-substrate. The C-terminal region (containing the POLO box domain) is sufficient for inducing cell cycle arrest (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Olfr1364
gene id: 10090:Olfr1364
uniprot id: Q5SZS9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tacr2
gene id: 10090:Tacr2
uniprot id: P30549
uniprot id: Q3KP20
uniprot id: Q8BZV9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for the tachykinin neuropeptide substance K (neurokinin A). It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. The rank order of affinity of this receptor to tachykinins is: substance K > neuromedin-K > substance P.

10090:Slc25a1
gene id: 10090:Slc25a1
uniprot id: Q8JZU2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Expressed minimally but ubiquitously throughout the adult brain. Detected at higher levels in the olfactory bulb, neocortex and cerebellum. Also expressed in a subset of large cells in the globus pallidus.
messages: Expression reaches a maximum between 16 dpc and P0 and then declines in adulthood.
messages: Mitochondrial electroneutral antiporter that exports citrate from the mitochondria into the cytosol in exchange for malate. Also able to mediate the exchange of citrate for isocitrate, phosphoenolpyruvate, cis-aconitate and to a lesser extend cis-aconitate, maleate and succinate. In the cytoplasm citrate is important in the regulation of glycolysis through a feedback mechanism and in the production of acetyl-CoA which is needed for the synthesis of fatty acids, sterols, prostaglandins, dolichol and coenzyme Q (CoQ). Required for proper neuromuscular junction formation.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Possesses a short cleavable presequence, which, however, is found to be dispensable both for targeting to mitochondria and insertion into the inner membrane. However, the presequence is required to keep SLC25A1 in a soluble state and thus in an import-competent state. Mature SLC25A1 lacking the presequence is prone to aggregation.

10090:Rsl24d1
gene id: 10090:Rsl24d1
uniprot id: Q5EBK7
uniprot id: Q99L28
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associated with nucleolar and cytoplasmic pre-60S particles (By similarity). At the end of biogenesis it dissociates from cytoplasmic pre-60S particles and is likely to be exchanged for its ribosomal homolog, RPL24 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL24 family.
messages: Involved in the biogenesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Ensures the docking of GTPBP4/NOG1 to pre-60S particles (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cast
gene id: 10090:Cast
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VJN8
uniprot id: P51125
uniprot id: Q3TTN2
uniprot id: Q8C281
uniprot id: Q8CB83
uniprot id: Q8CE04
uniprot id: Q8CE80
uniprot id: Q921U7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I27 (calpastatin) family.
messages: Each of the four flexible inhibitory domains can inhibit one calcium-bound calpain molecule by occupying both sides of the active site.
messages: Isoform 2 is the major form in all tissues examined. Isoform 1 accounts for 5-10% in tissues such as skeletal muscle, liver and brain, and 30% in myoblasts. Isoforms 4 and 5 are testis-specific. Isoform 6 is highly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle with lower levels in liver, brain and testis. Isoform 7 is expressed at high levels in liver.
messages: Specific inhibition of calpain (calcium-dependent cysteine protease). Plays a key role in postmortem tenderization of meat and have been proposed to be involved in muscle protein degradation in living tissue.

10090:Olfr1495
gene id: 10090:Olfr1495
uniprot id: Q8VEZ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zscan4f
gene id: 10090:Zscan4f
uniprot id: Q3URS2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required to regulate early development. Binds telomeres and plays a key role in genomic stability by regulating telomere elongation. Acts as an activator of spontaneous telomere sister chromatid exchange (T-SCE) and telomere elongation (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in blastocyst outgrowths and is detectable in a mosaic fashion in ES cultures.
messages: telomere

10090:Cplx2
gene id: 10090:Cplx2
uniprot id: P84086
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the complexin/synaphin family.
messages: Binds to the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 and STX1A.
messages: In the brain, expression starts at P6 and increases to reach a plateau at P20.
messages: Mice show no obvious phenotypic changes and no significant motor deficiencies. However, they show abnormalities in a number of complex behaviors including exploration, socialization, motor coordination, learning and reversal learning.
messages: Negatively regulates the formation of synaptic vesicle clustering at active zone to the presynaptic membrane in postmitotic neurons. Positively regulates a late step in exocytosis of various cytoplasmic vesicles, such as synaptic vesicles and other secretory vesicles (PubMed:11163241, PubMed:23345244). Also involved in mast cell exocytosis (PubMed:11163241). Although not essential for development, seems critical for the acquisition of higher cognitive functions in the adult brain (PubMed:12915444).
messages: Nervous system. Expressed predominantly in brain, where it is present in many regions, including hippocampus and cerebellum. In the retina, present at conventional amacrine cell synapses (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Presynapse
messages: cytosol

10090:Fgl1
gene id: 10090:Fgl1
uniprot id: Q71KU9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Blockade of the FGL1-LAG-3 interaction using a monoclonal antibody stimulates tumor immunity and is therapeutic against established mouse tumors in a receptor-ligand interdependent manner.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts (via the Fibrinogen C-terminal domain) with LAG3 (via Ig-like domains 1 and 2) (PubMed:30580966).
messages: Immune suppressive molecule that inhibits antigen-specific T-cell activation by acting as a major ligand of LAG3 (PubMed:30580966). Responsible for LAG3 T-cell inhibitory function (PubMed:30580966). Binds LAG3 independently from MHC class II (MHC-II) (PubMed:30580966). Secreted by, and promotes growth of, hepatocytes (By similarity).
messages: Mainly expressed in liver (PubMed:12528893, PubMed:23483972). Also expressed in brown adipose tissue (PubMed:23483972).
messages: Mice develop normally but develop spontaneous autoimmune symptoms caused by T-cell activation in aged mice (PubMed:30580966). Mice also display slight metabolic defects: mice are heavier than wild type mates, have abnormal plasma lipid profiles, fasting hyperglycemia with enhanced gluconeogenesis and exhibit differences in white and brown adipose tissue morphology (PubMed:23483972).
messages: Secreted

10090:Cyp3a44
gene id: 10090:Cyp3a44
uniprot id: Q9EQW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Olfr677
gene id: 10090:Olfr677
uniprot id: Q8VF06
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hagh
gene id: 10090:Hagh
uniprot id: A0A0R4J052
uniprot id: G5E8T9
uniprot id: Q99KB8
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. Glyoxalase II family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.
messages: Only one single gene encoding glyoxalase II has been identified in vertebrates. In yeast and higher plants, separate genes encode the cytosolic and mitochondrial forms of glyoxalase II.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing. Also produced by alternative initiation at Met-50 of isoform 1. Alternative initiation has been proven in human.
messages: Thiolesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-D-lactoyl-glutathione to form glutathione and D-lactic acid.

10090:Olfr119
gene id: 10090:Olfr119
uniprot id: Q7TRJ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ulk3
gene id: 10090:Ulk3
uniprot id: Q3U3Q1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated. Autophosphorylation is blocked by interaction with SUFU (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. APG1/unc-51/ULK1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via protein kinase domain) with SUFU.
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase that acts as a regulator of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling and autophagy. Acts as a negative regulator of SHH signaling in the absence of SHH ligand: interacts with SUFU, thereby inactivating the protein kinase activity and preventing phosphorylation of GLI proteins (GLI1, GLI2 and/or GLI3). Positively regulates SHH signaling in the presence of SHH: dissociates from SUFU, autophosphorylates and mediates phosphorylation of GLI2, activating it and promoting its nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates in vitro GLI2, as well as GLI1 and GLI3, although less efficiently. Also acts as a regulator of autophagy: following cellular senescence, able to induce autophagy (By similarity).

10090:Mfap3l
gene id: 10090:Mfap3l
uniprot id: Q9D3X9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A protein kinase activity has been reported however PROSITE, Pfam do not detect a protein kinase domain. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May participate in the nuclear signaling of EGFR and MAPK1/ERK2.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn1r160
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r160
uniprot id: E9Q346
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lin7c
gene id: 10090:Lin7c
uniprot id: O88952
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the lin-7 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the kidney; particularly in the outer medullary collecting duct.
messages: Forms a complex with CASK and CASKIN1 (By similarity). Component of the brain-specific heterotrimeric complex (LIN-10-LIN-2-LIN-7 complex) composed of at least APBA1, CASK, and LIN7, which associates with the motor protein KIF17 to transport vesicles along microtubules (PubMed:10846156). Can also interact with other modular proteins containing protein-protein interaction domains like PALS1, PALS2, MPP7, DLG1, DLG2 and DLG3 through its L27 domain. Interacts with DLG4 and GRIN2B as well as CDH1 and CTNNB1, the channels KCNJ12/Kir2.2, KCNJ4/Kir2.3 and probably KCNJ2/Kir2.1 and SLC6A12/BGT-1 via its PDZ domain. The association of LIN7A with cadherin and beta-catenin is calcium-dependent, occurs at synaptic junctions and requires the actin cytoskeleton. Interacts with EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4 with both PDZ and KID domains. Associates with KIF17 via APBA1. Interacts with HTR4. Forms a tripartite complex composed of DLG1, MPP7 and LIN7 (LIN7A or LIN7C) (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK12.
messages: Plays a role in establishing and maintaining the asymmetric distribution of channels and receptors at the plasma membrane of polarized cells. Forms membrane-associated multiprotein complexes that may regulate delivery and recycling of proteins to the correct membrane domains. The tripartite complex composed of LIN7 (LIN7A, LIN7B or LIN7C), CASK and APBA1 associates with the motor protein KIF17 to transport vesicles containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B along microtubules (PubMed:10846156). This complex may have the potential to couple synaptic vesicle exocytosis to cell adhesion in brain. Ensures the proper localization of GRIN2B (subunit 2B of the NMDA receptor) to neuronal postsynaptic density and may function in localizing synaptic vesicles at synapses where it is recruited by beta-catenin and cadherin. Required to localize Kir2 channels, GABA transporter (SLC6A12) and EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4 to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells.
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: The L27 domain mediates interaction with CASK and is involved in the formation of multimeric complexes and the association of LIN7 to membranes.
messages: The PDZ domain regulates endocytosis and recycling of the receptor at the membrane.
messages: The kinase interacting site is required for proper delivery of ERBB2 to the basolateral membrane.
messages: tight junction

10090:Mapk8ip2
gene id: 10090:Mapk8ip2
uniprot id: Q9ERE9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the JIP scaffold family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms homo- or heterooligomeric complexes. Binds specific components of the JNK signaling pathway namely JNK1, JNK2, JNK3, MAP2K7, MAP3K10, MAP3K11, MAP3K12 and MAPK13 (By similarity). Also binds the proline-rich domain-containing splice variant of apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2). Binds the TPR motif-containing C-terminal of kinesin light chain. Binds the cytoplasmic tails of LRP1 and LRP2 (Megalin). Interacts with DCLK2. Interacts with FGF13; enables the interaction with MAPK13 and may regulate the MAPK8IP2 scaffolding activity. Interacts with TIAM1 and TIAM2 (PubMed:10827199, PubMed:11378392, PubMed:16628014, PubMed:19893486). Interacts with SH3RF2 (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Expressed in all neurons. Also expressed in testis, primarily in the epididymal epidermis.
messages: The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. JIP2 inhibits IL1 beta-induced apoptosis in insulin-secreting cells (By similarity).
messages: Upon neuron differentiation.

10090:Kat14
gene id: 10090:Kat14
uniprot id: Q8CID0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4. May function as a scaffold for the ATAC complex to promote ATAC complex stability. Has also weak histone acetyltransferase activity toward histone H4. Required for the normal progression through G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early embryonic lethality. Severe growth retardation, increased apoptosis, and alterations in the cell cycle.
messages: Interacts with the LIM 1 domain of CSRP2. Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of CSRP2BP, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1. In the complex, it probably interacts directly with KAT2A, MBIP and WDR5.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Phlda3
gene id: 10090:Phlda3
uniprot id: Q9WV95
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PHLDA3 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in extraembryonic tissues and placenta at 11.5 and 18.5 dpc (at protein level). Expression continues throughout gestation and is strong in adult lung (at protein level).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, and show normal placenta and embryonic weights.
messages: The PH domain binds phosphoinositides with a broad specificity. It competes with the PH domain of AKT1 and directly interferes with AKT1 binding to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3), preventing AKT1 association to membrane lipids and subsequent activation of AKT1 signaling (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed in fetal tissues, with the exception of liver. Strongly expressed in adult skeletal muscle and lung. Widely expressed at lower levels in other adult tissues, with weakest expression in liver and spleen.
messages: p53/TP53-regulated repressor of Akt/AKT1 signaling. Represses AKT1 by preventing AKT1-binding to membrane lipids, thereby inhibiting AKT1 translocation to the cellular membrane and activation. Contributes to p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis by repressing AKT1 activity. Its direct transcription regulation by p53/TP53 may explain how p53/TP53 can negatively regulate AKT1. May act as a tumor suppressor (By similarity).

10090:Myo5a
gene id: 10090:Myo5a
uniprot id: D3YZ62
uniprot id: D3Z4J3
uniprot id: Q99104
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Detected in melanocytes.
messages: May be a homodimer, which associates with multiple calmodulin or myosin light chains (PubMed:17151196). Interacts with RIPL2, the interaction is required for its role in dendrite formation (PubMed:23798443). Interacts with MLPH (PubMed:11887186). Interacts with SYTL4 (PubMed:23798443). Interacts with MYRIP (PubMed:12221080). Interacts with RAB10; mediates the transport to the plasma membrane of SLC2A4/GLUT4 storage vesicles (PubMed:22908308). Interacts with FMR1; this interaction occurs in association with polyribosome (PubMed:12147688).
messages: Processive actin-based motor that can move in large steps approximating the 36-nm pseudo-repeat of the actin filament. Involved in melanosome transport. Also mediates the transport of vesicles to the plasma membrane. May also be required for some polarization process involved in dendrite formation.

10090:Gm13306
gene id: 10090:Gm13306
uniprot id: Q9Z1X0
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Chemotactic factor that attracts skin-associated memory T-lymphocytes. May play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to cutaneous sites. May play a role in cell migration during embryogenesis. Nuclear forms may facilitate cellular migration by inducing cytoskeletal relaxation. Binds to CCR10.
messages: Expressed during development.
messages: Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in placenta and weakly in skin. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in testes and brain, weakly in kidney and liver and even lower in heart and muscle. Low expression of both isoforms in other tissues.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator.
messages: Monomer, dimer, and tetramer. Heparin avidly promotes oligomerization. Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link domain).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted

10090:Pfn4
gene id: 10090:Pfn4
uniprot id: Q6JEK6
uniprot id: Q9D6I3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the profilin family.
messages: Binds to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) and phosphatidic acid (PA). Does not bind to actin, contrary to other family members (By similarity).
messages: Detected in testis (at protein level).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Parp4
gene id: 10090:Parp4
uniprot id: E9PYK3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ARTD/PARP family.
messages: Component of the vault ribonucleoprotein particle, at least composed of MVP, PARP4 and one or more vault RNAs (vRNAs). Interacts with TEP1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates mono-ADP-ribosylation of target proteins.
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:15169895). Mice are viable and fertile for up to five generations, with no apparent changes in telomerase activity or telomere length (PubMed:15169895).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Eef1akmt4
gene id: 10090:Eef1akmt4
uniprot id: P0DPE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase that efficiently catalyzes three successive methylations on 'Lys-36' in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EEF1A1 or EEF1A2).

10090:Plekha8
gene id: 10090:Plekha8
uniprot id: Q80W71
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cargo transport protein that is required for apical transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Transports AQP2 from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to sites of AQP2 phosphorylation. Mediates the non-vesicular transport of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the plasma membrane and plays a pivotal role in the synthesis of complex glycosphingolipids. Binding of both phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PIP) and ARF1 are essential for the GlcCer transfer ability. Also required for primary cilium formation, possibly by being involved in the transport of raft lipids to the apical membrane, and for membrane tubulation (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ARF1; the interaction together with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate binding is required for FAPP2 GlcCer transfer ability.
messages: Membrane
messages: The PH domain of FAPPS binds the small GTPase ARF1 and phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) with high selectivity, and is required for recruitment of FAPPs to the trans-Golgi network (TGN).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Mon2
gene id: 10090:Mon2
uniprot id: B9EKJ3
uniprot id: Q80TL7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MON2 family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homooligomer. Heterotrimer with ATP9A and DOP1B; this interaction is retromer-independent. Interacts with SNX3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in regulating membrane trafficking of cargo proteins. Together with ATP9A and DOP1B, regulates SNX3 retromer-mediated endosomal sorting of WLS away from lysosomal degradation.

10090:Rgl3
gene id: 10090:Rgl3
uniprot id: Q3UYI5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ral-A. Potential effector of GTPase HRas and Ras-related protein M-Ras. Negatively regulates Elk-1-dependent gene induction downstream of HRas and MEKK1.
messages: Interacts with GTP-bound forms of RIT1, HRAS and MRAS.
messages: The Ras-associating domain plays a central role in the activation of Ral-A GDP/GTP exchange activity.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at high levels in the liver and kidney.

10090:Gimap9
gene id: 10090:Gimap9
uniprot id: G3X987
uniprot id: Q8BYB6
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Expressed in thymus (in thymocytes), spleen (in splenocytes), lymph node and lung.

10090:Chga
gene id: 10090:Chga
uniprot id: P26339
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the chromogranin/secretogranin protein family.
messages: Binds calcium with a low-affinity.
messages: CgA is O-glycosylated.
messages: Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist. Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines.
messages: Interacts with SCG3; this interaction is optimal in conditions mimicking the lumenal milieu of the trans-Golgi network, i.e. pH 5.5 and 10 mM Ca(+2).
messages: Regulates granule biogenesis in endocrine cells by up-regulating the transcription of protease nexin 1 (SERPINE2) via a cAMP-PKA-SP1 pathway. This leads to inhibition of granule protein degradation in the Golgi complex which in turn promotes granule formation (PubMed:21436258). Pyroglutaminated (pGlu)-serpinin exerts an antiapoptotic effect on cells exposed to oxidative stress (PubMed:21537909).
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle
messages: secretory vesicle

10090:H2ac22
gene id: 10090:H2ac22
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Tnfrsf1b
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf1b
uniprot id: P25119
uniprot id: Q545P4
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to TRAF2. Interacts with BMX. Interacts (activated form) with XPNPEP3.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor with high affinity for TNFSF2/TNF-alpha and approximately 5-fold lower affinity for homotrimeric TNFSF1/lymphotoxin-alpha. The TRAF1/TRAF2 complex recruits the apoptotic suppressors BIRC2 and BIRC3 to TNFRSF1B/TNFR2 (By similarity).

10090:Hyal6
gene id: 10090:Hyal6
uniprot id: Q9D4E9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.

10090:Sppl2c
gene id: 10090:Sppl2c
uniprot id: A2A6C4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A22B family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Highly expressed in testis where it is primarily localised in spermatids (at protein level).
messages: In round spermatids, acts as a scaffold protein supporting C11orf94/FREY in IZUMO1 recruitment at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and coordination of IZUMO1 complex assembly. Stabilizes C11orf94/FREY at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane through interaction. May recruit IZUMO1 interaction partners.
messages: Interacts (via active sites) with C11orf94/FREY; the interaction stabilizes C11orf94/FREY protein and inhibits SPPL2C proteolytic activity.
messages: Knockout males produce normal-sized litters when bred with wild-type females (PubMed:35960805, PubMed:30733280). Mutants show a partial loss of elongated spermatids and reduced motility of mature spermatozoa, but preserved fertility. Matings of male and female mutant mice exhibit reduced litter sizes (PubMed:30733280). C11orf94/FREY and SPPL2C double knockout mice are normozoospermic infertile (PubMed:35960805).
messages: No difference in cleavage specificity compared to isoform 1.
messages: Sperm-specific intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves distinct tail-anchored proteins and SNARE proteins (PubMed:35960805, PubMed:30733280, PubMed:32048434). In elongated spermatids, modulates intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis by controlling PLN abundance through proteolytic cleavage (PubMed:30733280). During spermatogenesis, processes SNARE proteins and impacts vesicular trafficking which supports compartmental reorganization in maturating spermatids and may play a role in formation of the acrosome (PubMed:32048434).
messages: The PAL motif is required for normal active site conformation. The catalytic domains embedded in the membrane are in the opposite orientation to that of the presenilin protein family; therefore, it is predicted to cleave type II-oriented substrate peptides like the prototypic protease SPP.

10090:Gimap7
gene id: 10090:Gimap7
uniprot id: Q8R379
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.

10090:Dpcd
gene id: 10090:Dpcd
uniprot id: Q8BPA8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DPCD family.
messages: May play a role in the formation or function of ciliated cells.

10090:Drd3
gene id: 10090:Drd3
uniprot id: A0A2R8VHF0
uniprot id: P30728
uniprot id: Q0VEC4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Promotes cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Promotes cell proliferation.
messages: Interacts with CLIC6 (By similarity). Interacts with GRK4. Interacts with PALM. Interacts with FLNA (via filamin repeat 21); increases PKA-mediated phosphorylation of FLNA (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated.
messages: Phosphorylated by GRK4.

10090:Pacs2
gene id: 10090:Pacs2
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VLZ7
uniprot id: E9Q7E9
uniprot id: Q3V3Q7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PACS family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Interacts with BID and PKD2. Interacts with SIRT1. Interacts with HDAC1. Interacts with TRPV1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Multifunctional sorting protein that controls the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria communication, including the apposition of mitochondria with the ER and ER homeostasis. In addition, in response to apoptotic inducer, translocates BIB to mitochondria, which initiates a sequence of events including the formation of mitochondrial truncated BID, the release of cytochrome c, the activation of caspase-3 thereby causing cell death. May also involved in ion channel trafficking, directing acidic cluster-containing ion channels to distinct subcellular compartments (By similarity).

10090:Incenp
gene id: 10090:Incenp
uniprot id: Q9WU62
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the INCENP family.
messages: Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) composed of at least BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP, AURKB or AURKC; in the complex binds directly to AURKB or AURKC via the IN box, and forms a triple-helix bundle-based subcomplex with BIRC5 and CDCA8 via its N-terminus. The reported homodimerization is questioned as the SAH domain is shown to be monomeric. Interacts with H2AZ1. Interacts with CBX1 and CBX3. Interacts with tubulin beta chain. Interacts with EVI5. Interacts with CBX5; POGZ and INCENP compete for interaction with CBX5. Interacts with POGZ. Interacts with JTB.
messages: Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Acts as a scaffold regulating CPC localization and activity. The C-terminus associates with AURKB or AURKC, the N-terminus associated with BIRC5/survivin and CDCA8/borealin tethers the CPC to the inner centromere, and the microtubule binding activity within the central SAH domain directs AURKB/C toward substrates near microtubules. The flexibility of the SAH domain is proposed to allow AURKB/C to follow substrates on dynamic microtubules while ensuring CPC docking to static chromatin (By similarity). Activates AURKB and AURKC. Controls the kinetochore localization of BUB1.
messages: Major isoform in thymic lymphoma 3SB cells. Fourfold more abundant than isoform 2.
messages: Midbody
messages: Minor isoform in thymic lymphoma 3SB cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Originally predicted to contain a coiled coil domain but shown to contain a stable SAH domain instead.
messages: Phosphorylation by AURKB at its C-terminal part is important for AURKB activation by INCENP.
messages: The IN box mediates interaction with AURKB and AURKC.
messages: The SAH (single alpha-helix) region is characterized by a high content of charged residues which are predicted to stabilize the alpha-helical structure by ionic bonds. It can refold after extension suggesting an in vivo force-dependent function. The isolated SAH domain is monomeric.
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Mia
gene id: 10090:Mia
uniprot id: Q61865
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: All malignant melanoma cell lines tested and infrequently in glioma cell lines.
messages: Belongs to the MIA/OTOR family.
messages: Elicits growth inhibition on melanoma cells in vitro as well as some other neuroectodermal tumors, including gliomas.
messages: Interacts with FASLG.
messages: May possess two intramolecular disulfide bonds.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nkx6-3
gene id: 10090:Nkx6-3
uniprot id: B2RU70
uniprot id: Q3UHX8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the developing CNS and gastro-intestinal tract.
messages: In the developing embryo, it is confined to the gut and caudal hindbrain. In caudal hindbrain, it is specifically expressed in a subpopulation of differentiating V2 neurons. Not detected prior to 12.5 dpc and is not found in motor nuclei. At 12.5 dpc, it is expressed in the ventral medial aspect of the medullary reticular formation (MDR). At 16.5 dpc, expression is confined to the gigantocellular nucleus, a nucleus that is part of the MDR. In addition to the CNS, it is also expressed in the developing gut, in duodenal and glandular stomach endoderm and, at the end of gestation becomes restricted to the base of the gastric units in the glandular stomach. Expressed at very low level in the pancreatic epithelium. Expressed in the pancreas at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative transcription factor, which may be involved in patterning of central nervous system and pancreas.

10090:Gabrr1
gene id: 10090:Gabrr1
uniprot id: P56475
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRR1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. Rho-1 GABA receptor could play a role in retinal neurotransmission (By similarity).
messages: Generally pentameric. There are five types of GABA(A) receptor chains: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and rho. Interacts with SQSTM1 (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Pign
gene id: 10090:Pign
uniprot id: A0A087WQ32
uniprot id: G3X9F1
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PIGG/PIGN/PIGO family. PIGN subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Ethanolamine phosphate transferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers ethanolamine phosphate to the first alpha-1,4-linked mannose of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol precursor of GPI-anchor.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cacna1c
gene id: 10090:Cacna1c
uniprot id: A0A087WS40
uniprot id: A0A087WSE7
uniprot id: C7TQ57
uniprot id: C7TQ58
uniprot id: C7TQ59
uniprot id: C7TQ60
uniprot id: C7TQ61
uniprot id: C7TQ62
uniprot id: F7C376
uniprot id: F8WJL1
uniprot id: Q01815
uniprot id: Q0PCR6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. CACNA1C subfamily.
messages: Binding of intracellular calcium through the EF-hand motif inhibits the opening of the channel.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a calcium channel complex consisting of a pore-forming alpha subunit (CACNA1C) and ancillary beta, gamma and delta subunits. The channel complex contains alpha, beta, gamma and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio, i.e. it contains only one of each type of subunit. CACNA1C channel activity is modulated by ancillary subunits, such as CACNB1, CACNB2, CACNB3, CACNA2D1 and CACNA2D4 (By similarity). Interacts with the gamma subunits CACNG4, CACNG6, CACNG7 and CACNG8 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNB2. Identified in a complex with CACNA2D4 and CACNB3. Interacts with CACNB3. Interacts with CACNA2D1. Interacts with CACNA2D4. Interacts with CALM1. Interacts (via the N-terminus and the C-terminal C and IQ motifs) with CABP1; this inhibits Ca(2+)-dependent channel inactivation. The binding via the C motif is calcium independent whereas the binding via IQ requires the presence of calcium and is mutually exclusive with calmodulin binding (By similarity). The binding to the cytoplasmic N-terminal domain is calcium independent but is essential for the channel modulation (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal CDB motif) with CABP5; in a calcium-dependent manner (PubMed:18586882). Interacts with CIB1; the interaction increases upon cardiomyocytes hypertrophy (PubMed:20639889). Interacts with STAC2 and STAC3; this inhibits channel inactivation (By similarity).
messages: Detected in embryonic heart (PubMed:10973973, PubMed:21216955). Detected in retina in rod bipolar cells (PubMed:18586882). Detected in tibialis artery (at protein level) (PubMed:14609949). Detected in smooth muscle cells from tibialis artery and in mesenteric artery (PubMed:14609949). High expression in heart, followed by brain and spinal cord (PubMed:1385406).
messages: Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: Inhibited by dihydropyridines (DHP), such as isradipine (PubMed:14609949, PubMed:21216955). Inhibited by nifedipine. Channel activity is regulated by Ca(2+) and calmodulin. Binding of STAC1, STAC2 or STAC3 to a region that overlaps with the calmodulin binding site inhibits channel inactivation by Ca(2+) and calmodulin (By similarity). Binding of calmodulin or CABP1 at the same regulatory sites results in opposite effects on the channel function. Shear stress and pressure increases calcium channel activity (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant embryos appear normal and have normal heartbeat at 12.5 dpc. All are dead by 14.5 dpc.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylation by PKA at Ser-1897 activates the channel (PubMed:28119464). Elevated levels of blood glucose lead to increased phosphorylation by PKA.
messages: Pore-forming, alpha-1C subunit of the voltage-gated calcium channel that gives rise to L-type calcium currents (PubMed:14609949, PubMed:18586882, PubMed:21216955, PubMed:25368181, PubMed:28119464). Mediates influx of calcium ions into the cytoplasm, and thereby triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasm (By similarity). Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. Required for normal heart development and normal regulation of heart rhythm (PubMed:21216955). Required for normal contraction of smooth muscle cells in blood vessels and in the intestine. Essential for normal blood pressure regulation via its role in the contraction of arterial smooth muscle cells (PubMed:14609949, PubMed:28119464). Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group (Probable).
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: T-tubule
messages: Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death.
messages: dendrite
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Herpud2
gene id: 10090:Herpud2
uniprot id: Q9JJC9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Could be involved in the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway.
messages: Membrane

10090:Angpt4
gene id: 10090:Angpt4
uniprot id: Q9WVH6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to TEK/TIE2, modulating ANGPT1 signaling. Can induce tyrosine phosphorylation of TEK/TIE2. Promotes endothelial cell survival, migration and angiogenesis.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with TEK/TIE2.
messages: Secreted
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Tomm22
gene id: 10090:Tomm22
uniprot id: Q9CPQ3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tom22 family.
messages: Central receptor component of the translocase of the outer membrane of mitochondria (TOM complex) responsible for the recognition and translocation of cytosolically synthesized mitochondrial preproteins. Together with the peripheral receptor TOM20 functions as the transit peptide receptor and facilitates the movement of preproteins into the translocation pore (By similarity). Required for the translocation across the mitochondrial outer membrane of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (By similarity).
messages: Forms part of the preprotein translocase complex of the outer mitochondrial membrane (TOM complex) which consists of at least 7 different proteins (TOMM5, TOMM6, TOMM7, TOMM20, TOMM22, TOMM40 and TOMM70). Interacts with PPP2R2B and TOMM40 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: The N-terminal domain (residues 1-62) is important for binding to the unfolded mature imported proteins. Residues (49-71) of the cytoplasmic domain interacts with TOMM20 while the C-terminal segment (residues 63-82) binds presequence of preproteins. Requires the transmembrane domain (TMD), a short segment (the import sequence) in the cytoplasmic domain localizing separately from the TMD and the C-tail signal in the C-terminal domain for efficient targeting and integration into the TOM complex (By similarity).

10090:Dlgap4
gene id: 10090:Dlgap4
uniprot id: B1AZP2
uniprot id: B7ZNS2
uniprot id: E9PUF2
uniprot id: Q3UCF7
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SAPAP family.
messages: Interacts with DLG1 and DLG4/PSD-95.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May play a role in the molecular organization of synapses and neuronal cell signaling. Could be an adapter protein linking ion channel to the subsynaptic cytoskeleton. May induce enrichment of PSD-95/SAP90 at the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Psmb11
gene id: 10090:Psmb11
uniprot id: Q8BG41
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Displays defective development of CD8-positive T-cells in the thymus.
messages: Expressed exclusively in cortical thymic epithelial cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Incorporated instead of PSMB5 and PSMB8.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. Incorporated instead of PSMB5 or PSMB8, this unit reduces the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome. Plays a pivotal role in development of CD8-positive T-cells.

10090:Phldb1
gene id: 10090:Phldb1
uniprot id: Q6PDH0
names: Domain
messages: The PH domain mediates the binding to phosphoinositides.

10090:Prl3c1
gene id: 10090:Prl3c1
uniprot id: Q0VBM3
uniprot id: Q9QUN5
uniprot id: Z4YL38
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in decidua.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lrrn4
gene id: 10090:Lrrn4
uniprot id: P59383
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play an important role in hippocampus-dependent long-lasting memory.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but show impaired memory retention. Lrrn4-deficient mice are able to maintain memories for one day in hippocampus-dependent learning tasks, but are unable to retain memories for four days after learning. In contrast, in hippocampus-independent tasks Lrrn4-deficient mice normally retain memories for at least seven days.

10090:Myo6
gene id: 10090:Myo6
uniprot id: E9Q175
uniprot id: Q64331
uniprot id: Q8BK95
uniprot id: V9GX76
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Defects in Myo6 are the cause of Snell's waltzer, a condition characterized by circling, head-tossing, deafness and hyperactivity.
messages: Divided into three regions: a N-terminal motor (head) domain, followed by a neck domain consisting of a calmodulin-binding linker domain and a single IQ motif, and a C-terminal tail region with a three-helix bundle region, a SAH domain and a unique globular domain required for interaction with other proteins such as cargo-binding.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer; dimerization seems to implicate the unfolding of the three-helix bundle region creating an additional calmodulin binding site, and cargo binding (By similarity). Able to function as a monomer under specific conditions in vitro (By similarity). Forms a complex with CFTR and DAB2 in the apical membrane of epithelial cells (By similarity). Component of the DISP/DOCK7-induced septin displacement complex, at least composed of DOCK7, LRCH3 and MYO6 (By similarity). Binding to calmodulin through a unique insert, not found in other myosins, located in the neck region between the motor domain and the IQ domain appears to contribute to the directionality reversal (By similarity). This interaction occurs only if the C-terminal lobe of calmodulin is occupied by calcium (By similarity). Interaction with F-actin/ACTN1 occurs only at the apical brush border domain of the proximal tubule cells (By similarity). Interacts with DAB2 (PubMed:11906161). In vitro, the C-terminal globular tail binds a C-terminal region of DAB2 (PubMed:11906161). Interacts with CFTR (By similarity). Interacts with CABP5 (By similarity). Interacts (via residues 1128-1256) with TOM1 (via residues 392-463) (By similarity). Interacts (via residues 1060-1285) with OPTN (By similarity). Interacts (via residues 1060-1285) with TAX1BP1 and CALCOCO2/NDP52 (By similarity). Interacts with TOM1L2 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice display hearing loss, hyperactivity and circling behavior, suggesting vestibular defects. Higher steady state levels of LC3-II, indicating defciciency in autophagy (PubMed:23023224).
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity (PubMed:11906161). Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements (PubMed:11906161). Myosin 6 is a reverse-direction motor protein that moves towards the minus-end of actin filaments (By similarity). Has slow rate of actin-activated ADP release due to weak ATP binding (By similarity). Functions in a variety of intracellular processes such as vesicular membrane trafficking and cell migration (By similarity). Required for the structural integrity of the Golgi apparatus via the p53-dependent pro-survival pathway (By similarity). Appears to be involved in a very early step of clathrin-mediated endocytosis in polarized epithelial cells (By similarity). Together with TOM1, mediates delivery of endocytic cargo to autophagosomes thereby promoting autophagosome maturation and driving fusion with lysosomes (By similarity). Links TOM1 with autophagy receptors, such as TAX1BP1; CALCOCO2/NDP52 and OPTN (By similarity). May act as a regulator of F-actin dynamics (By similarity). As part of the DISP complex, may regulate the association of septins with actin and thereby regulate the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). May play a role in transporting DAB2 from the plasma membrane to specific cellular targets (PubMed:11906161). May play a role in the extension and network organization of neurites (PubMed:22039235). Required for structural integrity of inner ear hair cells (PubMed:7493015). Modulates RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Originally predicted to contain a coiled coil domain but generally accepted to contain a stable SAH domain instead.
messages: Phosphorylation in the motor domain, induced by EGF, results in translocation of MYO6 from the cell surface to membrane ruffles and affects F-actin dynamics. Phosphorylated in vitro by p21-activated kinase (PAK).
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-6 (MYH6).
messages: The SAH (single alpha-helix) region is characterized by a high content of charged residues which are predicted to stabilize the alpha-helical structure by ionic bonds (By similarity). Its contribution to the mechanism confering the myosin movement on actin filaments is debated (By similarity).
messages: Within the cochlea, expressed specifically within the sensory hair cells (at protein level) (PubMed:7493015). Expressed in the inner and outer plexiform layer of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:22039235). Widely expressed (PubMed:7493015). Expressed in the brain, kidney, liver, and testis (PubMed:7493015).
messages: clathrin-coated pit
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle
messages: cytosol
messages: filopodium
messages: microvillus
messages: perinuclear region
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Map2k3
gene id: 10090:Map2k3
uniprot id: O09110
uniprot id: Q5SWN9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by dual phosphorylation on Ser-218 and Thr-222.
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation on Ser-218 and Thr-222 by MAP kinase kinase kinases regulates positively the kinase activity. Phosphorylated by TAOK2.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily.
messages: Component of a signaling complex containing at least AKAP13, PKN1, MAPK14, ZAK and MAP2K3. Within this complex, AKAP13 interacts directly with PKN1, which in turn recruits MAPK14, MAP2K3 and ZAK. Binds to DYRK1B/MIRK and increases its kinase activity (By similarity). Part of a complex with MAP3K3, RAC1 and CCM2 (PubMed:14634666). Interacts with ARRB1 (By similarity).
messages: Dual specificity kinase. Is activated by cytokines and environmental stress in vivo. Catalyzes the concomitant phosphorylation of a threonine and a tyrosine residue in the MAP kinase p38. Part of a signaling cascade that begins with the activation of the adrenergic receptor ADRA1B and leads to the activation of MAPK14.

10090:Gja1
gene id: 10090:Gja1
uniprot id: A0A654ICD2
uniprot id: P23242
uniprot id: Q8C4N2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins. Interacts with CSNK1D (By similarity). Interacts with RIC1/CIP150 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with TJP1 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with SRC (via SH3 domain) (By similarity). Interacts (not ubiquitinated) with UBQLN4 (via UBA domain). Interacts with CNST. Interacts with SGSM3. Interacts with NOV (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM65 (PubMed:26403541).
messages: Acetylated in the developing cortex; leading to delocalization from the cell membrane.
messages: At 7.5 dpc, expressed in the embryo, but not in the extraembryonic region containing the ectoplacental cone.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Connexin 43 is possibly the ATP-induced pore of mouse macrophages.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in heart, non-sensory epithelial cells, and in fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus. Expressed in bladder smooth muscle cells (at protein level). Expressed in astrocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:15213231).
messages: Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract. May play a role in cell growth inhibition through the regulation of NOV expression and localization (PubMed:15181016). Plays an essential role in gap junction communication in the ventricles (PubMed:26403541).
messages: In bladder smooth muscle cells, exhibits night/day variations with low levels during the sleep phase, at circadian time (CT) 4-12 (at protein level). Down-regulation during the night allows increase in bladder capacity, avoiding disturbance of sleep by micturition. Expression starts to increase around CT12 and forms a plateau during the active phase (CT16-24) (at protein level). Circadian transcription is activated by NR1D1. Up-regulated by SP1 and SP3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice die shortly after birth.
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-325, Ser-328 and Ser-330 by CK1 modulates gap junction assembly. Phosphorylated at Ser-368 by PRKCG; phosphorylation induces disassembly of gap junction plaques and inhibition of gap junction activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-368 by PRKCD triggers its internalization into small vesicles leading to proteasome-mediated degradation (By similarity).
messages: S-nitrosylation at Cys-271 is enriched at the muscle endothelial gap junction in arteries, it augments channel permeability and may regulate of smooth muscle cell to endothelial cell communication.
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3, which may regulate the level of functional Cx43 gap junctions at the plasma membrane. May be desumoylated by SENP1 or SENP2 (By similarity).
messages: gap junction

10090:Zbtb33
gene id: 10090:Zbtb33
uniprot id: Q8BN78
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, neuromuscular junctions, skeletal muscle, spleen and testis.
messages: Interacts with NCOR1 (By similarity). Self-associates. Interacts with CTNND1, and this interaction inhibits binding to both methylated and non-methylated DNA. Interacts with CTNND2. Interacts with KPNA2/RCH1, which may mediate nuclear import of this protein. Interacts with CBFA2T3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator with bimodal DNA-binding specificity. Binds to methylated CpG dinucleotides in the consensus sequence 5'-CGCG-3' and also binds to the non-methylated consensus sequence 5'-CTGCNA-3' also known as the consensus kaiso binding site (KBS). May recruit the N-CoR repressor complex to promote histone deacetylation and the formation of repressive chromatin structures in target gene promoters. Contributes to the repression of target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway. May also activate transcription of a subset of target genes by the recruitment of CTNND2. Represses expression of MMP7 in conjunction with transcriptional corepressors CBFA2T3, CBFA2T2 and RUNX1T1 (By similarity).

10090:Wdr41
gene id: 10090:Wdr41
uniprot id: Q3UDP0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex, at least composed of C9orf72, SMCR8 and WDR41. The complex is formed of two protomers, each individually consisting of one molecule each of C9orf72, SMCR8 and WDR41 (By similarity). The protomers homodimerize via an interaction between C9orf72 (via C-terminus) and SMCR8 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Within each protomer SMCR8 (via DENN domain) acts as a bridging protein between WDR41 (via C-terminus and N-terminus) and C9orf72 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). The C9orf72-SMCR8 complex associates with the ULK1/ATG1 kinase complex.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Non-catalytic component of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex, a complex that has guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity and regulates autophagy. The C9orf72-SMCR8 complex promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound RAB8A and RAB39B into their active GTP-bound form, thereby promoting autophagosome maturation. As part of the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex, stimulates RAB8A and RAB11A GTPase activity in vitro, however WDR42 is shown not be an essential complex component for this function (By similarity). The C9orf72-SMCR8 complex also acts as a negative regulator of autophagy initiation by interacting with the ULK1/ATG1 kinase complex and inhibiting its protein kinase activity.

10090:Hhipl2
gene id: 10090:Hhipl2
uniprot id: Q9D2G9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HHIP family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fkbp15
gene id: 10090:Fkbp15
uniprot id: Q6P9Q6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FKBP-type PPIase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in brain, with highest levels in the granular cell layer of cerebellum and in the granule cell layer of dentate gyrus.
messages: Interacts with WIP and actin (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D23 (PubMed:29084197).
messages: Involved in the transport of early endosomes at the level of transition between microfilament-based and microtubule-based movement (By similarity). May be involved in the cytoskeletal organization of neuronal growth cones. Seems to be inactive as a PPIase.
messages: Strongly expressed in the developing nervous system at 18.5 dpc. Present in brain, heart, lung, kidney and thymus at 18.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: The PPIase FKBP-type domain seems to be inactive both for FK506-binding and enzymatic activity.
messages: The central coiled-coil region is responsible for association with early endosomes.
messages: axon

10090:Tnks1bp1
gene id: 10090:Tnks1bp1
uniprot id: P58871
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by TNKS1.
messages: Binds to the ANK repeat domain of TNKS1 and TNKS2.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ghrl
gene id: 10090:Ghrl
uniprot id: A2RSS9
uniprot id: Q7TSD1
uniprot id: Q811T4
uniprot id: Q9EQX0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Amidation of Leu-98 is essential for obestatin activity.
messages: Belongs to the motilin family.
messages: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary. Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and stimulates gastric acid secretion. Involved in growth regulation.
messages: Levels of n-octanoylated and n-decanoylated ghrelin drop by one third and 3-fold, respectively, between postnatal weeks 3 and 4 due to change of diet during weaning.
messages: Mainly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract with higher levels in the stomach, medium levels in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon. Low expression in the testis and brain. Not detected in the salivary gland, pancreas, liver and lung.
messages: O-octanoylated by GOAT/MBOAT4 (PubMed:18443287). O-octanoylation or O-decanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity (By similarity). The O-decanoylated form ghrelin-C10 differs in the length of the carbon backbone of the carboxylic acid bound to Ser-26 (PubMed:15746259).
messages: O-octanoylation is essential for ghrelin activity.
messages: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility (By similarity).
messages: Obestatin may be the ligand for GPR39. May have an appetite-reducing effect resulting in decreased food intake. May reduce gastric emptying activity and jejunal motility.
messages: Secreted

10090:Acot11
gene id: 10090:Acot11
uniprot id: Q8VHQ9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: By cold exposure and repressed by heat exposure.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has an acyl-CoA thioesterase activity with a preference for the long chain fatty acyl-CoA thioesters hexadecanoyl-CoA/palmitoyl-CoA and tetradecanoyl-CoA/myristoyl-CoA which are the main substrates in the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Vmn1r6
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r6
uniprot id: Q8R2D4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pkmyt1
gene id: 10090:Pkmyt1
uniprot id: Q9ESG9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of entry into mitosis (G2 to M transition) by phosphorylation of the CDK1 kinase specifically when CDK1 is complexed to cyclins. Mediates phosphorylation of CDK1 predominantly on 'Thr-14'. Also involved in Golgi fragmentation. May be involved in phosphorylation of CDK1 on 'Tyr-15' to a lesser degree, however tyrosine kinase activity is unclear and may be indirect. May be a downstream target of Notch signaling pathway during eye development (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated by CDC2-CCNB1 complexes on undefined serine and threonine residues. The phosphorylation by CDC2-CCNB1 complexes may inhibit the catalytic activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with CDC2-CCNB1 complex. Can also interact with PIN1 when phosphorylated by CDC2-CCNB1 (By similarity).
messages: Negatively regulated by hyperphosphorylation during mitosis. The hyperphosphorylated form does not associate with CCNB1-CDC2 complexes. The PLK1 protein kinase may be required for mitotic phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: The membrane-association motif is essential for the localization to membrane of Golgi stack. According to some authors, it is a transmembrane domain; the existence of a transmembrane region of such is however unsure (By similarity).

10090:Tesmin
gene id: 10090:Tesmin
uniprot id: Q9WTJ6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the lin-54 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for normal spermatogenesis and male fertility (PubMed:31916570). Required for the completion of meiosis in male germ cells (PubMed:31916570).
messages: Expressed as early as day 8, coincident with the entry of germ cells into meiosis. Expression then progressively increases. Expressed in the pachytene stage.
messages: Expressed in spermatocytes and adult heart. Also expressed in fetal brain, heart, kidney and ovary.
messages: Male mice are infertile due to arrested spermatogenesis at the pachytene stage.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis (at protein level).
messages: Testis.

10090:Ece2
gene id: 10090:Ece2
uniprot id: B2RQR8
uniprot id: Q80Z57
uniprot id: Q80Z58
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M13 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Converts big endothelin-1 to endothelin-1. Also involved in the processing of various neuroendocrine peptides, including neurotensin, angiotensin I, substance P, proenkephalin-derived peptides, and prodynorphin-derived peptides (By similarity). May play a role in amyloid-beta processing (PubMed:12464614).
messages: Eef1akmt4-Ece2 and Ece2 double mutant mice are fertile and healthy, and do not display any abnormality in terms of growth or aging.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Olfm2
gene id: 10090:Olfm2
uniprot id: Q8BM13
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryonic eye development, first detected at 12 dpc with maximum levels at 19.5 dpc and down-regulation of expression postnatally. In brain, levels increase from 13.5 dpc to postnatal day 6 and decrease in the adult.
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:22632720). In the developing eye, first detected at 12 dpc in the retinal pigmented epithelium and preferentially expressed in differentiating retinal ganglion cells between 15 and 18 dpc (PubMed:21228389). In the brain, expression is detected mainly in the olfactory bulb, cortex, piriform cortex, olfactory trabeculae, and inferior and superior colliculus (PubMed:25218043). In the adult eye, expression is detected mainly in retinal ganglion cells (PubMed:25218043). Expressed in carotid arteries (PubMed:28062493).
messages: Involved in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)-induced smooth muscle differentiation (By similarity). TGF-beta induces expression and nuclear translocation of OLFM2 where it binds to SRF, causing its dissociation from the transcriptional repressor HEY2/HERP1 and facilitating binding of SRF to target genes (By similarity). Plays a role in AMPAR complex organization (PubMed:25218043). Is a regulator of vascular smooth-muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic switching, that acts by promoting RUNX2 and inhibiting MYOCD binding to SRF. SMC phenotypic switching is the process through which vascular SMCs undergo transition between a quiescent contractile phenotype and a proliferative synthetic phenotype in response to pathological stimuli. SMC phenotypic plasticity is essential for vascular development and remodeling (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: No gross abnormalities with normal lifespan but mutants display reduced exploration, locomotion and olfactory sensitivity, reduced amplitude of the first negative wave in the visual evoked potential test, abnormal motor coordination, anxiety-related behavior and changes in AMPAR complex composition.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Peripherally associated with AMPAR complex. AMPAR complex consists of an inner core made of 4 pore-forming GluA/GRIA proteins (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4) and 4 major auxiliary subunits arranged in a twofold symmetry. One of the two pairs of distinct binding sites is occupied either by CNIH2, CNIH3 or CACNG2, CACNG3. The other harbors CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG8 or GSG1L. This inner core of AMPAR complex is complemented by outer core constituents binding directly to the GluA/GRIA proteins at sites distinct from the interaction sites of the inner core constituents. Outer core constituents include at least PRRT1, PRRT2, CKAMP44/SHISA9, FRRS1L and NRN1. The proteins of the inner and outer core serve as a platform for other, more peripherally associated AMPAR constituents, including OLFM2. Alone or in combination, these auxiliary subunits control the gating and pharmacology of the AMPAR complex and profoundly impact their biogenesis and protein processing (PubMed:22632720). Interacts with GRIA2 (PubMed:25218043). Interacts with OLFM1 and OLFM3 (By similarity). Interacts with SRF; the interaction promotes dissociation of SRF from the transcriptional repressor HEY2 (By similarity). Interacts with RUNX2 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Synapse

10090:Cryzl2
gene id: 10090:Cryzl2
uniprot id: Q3UNZ8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily.

10090:H1f10
gene id: 10090:H1f10
uniprot id: Q80ZM5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ap2a1
gene id: 10090:Ap2a1
uniprot id: P17426
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (alpha-type subunit AP2A1 or AP2A2 and beta-type subunit AP2B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP2M1) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP2S1). Interacts with HIP1 and RAB11FIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with SLC12A5 (PubMed:18625303). Interacts with clathrin (PubMed:7559550). Interacts with SGIP1 (PubMed:17626015). Interacts with RFTN1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIAA1107 (PubMed:29262337). Interacts with PICALM (By similarity). Together with AP2B1 and AP2M1, it interacts with ADAM10; this interaction facilitates ADAM10 endocytosis from the plasma membrane during long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons (PubMed:23676497). Interacts with ABCB11; this interaction regulates cell membrane expression of ABCB11 through its internalization in a clathrin-dependent manner and its subsequent degradation (By similarity). Probably interacts with ACE2 (via endocytic sorting signal motif); the interaction is inhibited by ACE2 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2). Adaptor protein complexes function in protein transport via transport vesicles in different membrane traffic pathways. Adaptor protein complexes are vesicle coat components and appear to be involved in cargo selection and vesicle formation. AP-2 is involved in clathrin-dependent endocytosis in which cargo proteins are incorporated into vesicles surrounded by clathrin (clathrin-coated vesicles, CCVs) which are destined for fusion with the early endosome. The clathrin lattice serves as a mechanical scaffold but is itself unable to bind directly to membrane components. Clathrin-associated adaptor protein (AP) complexes which can bind directly to both the clathrin lattice and to the lipid and protein components of membranes are considered to be the major clathrin adaptors contributing the CCV formation. AP-2 also serves as a cargo receptor to selectively sort the membrane proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. AP-2 seems to play a role in the recycling of synaptic vesicle membranes from the presynaptic surface. AP-2 recognizes Y-X-X-[FILMV] (Y-X-X-Phi) and [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] endocytosis signal motifs within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-2 may also play a role in maintaining normal post-endocytic trafficking through the ARF6-regulated, non-clathrin pathway. The AP-2 alpha subunit binds polyphosphoinositide-containing lipids, positioning AP-2 on the membrane. During long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons, AP-2 is responsible for the endocytosis of ADAM10 (PubMed:23676497). The AP-2 alpha subunit acts via its C-terminal appendage domain as a scaffolding platform for endocytic accessory proteins. The AP-2 alpha and AP-2 sigma subunits are thought to contribute to the recognition of the [ED]-X-X-X-L-[LI] motif (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23676497). Isoform A: Expressed only in neuronal tissue and skeletal muscle. Isoform B: Widely expressed.
messages: coated pit

10090:Septin5
gene id: 10090:Septin5
uniprot id: Q9Z2Q6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. Septin GTPase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected at 17 dpc in the brain. Expression increases during postnatal life and reaches a plateau at approximately P10 (at protein level).
messages: Filament-forming cytoskeletal GTPase (By similarity). Involved in cytokinesis (Potential). May play a role in platelet secretion.
messages: Mice have a normal life-span and show no apparent abnormalities, including synaptic properties and hippocampal neuron growth. In platelets, hyperresponsive degranulation phenotype.
messages: Phosphorylated by DYRK1A.
messages: Septins polymerize into heterooligomeric protein complexes that form filaments, and can associate with cellular membranes, actin filaments and microtubules. GTPase activity is required for filament formation (By similarity). Interacts with SEPTIN2 and SEPTIN5. Interaction with SEPTIN4 not detected. In platelets, associated with a complex containing STX4 (By similarity). Interacts with PRKN; this interaction leads to SEPTIN5 ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:11078524). Interacts with DYRK1A (PubMed:18938227). Interacts with STX1A; in the cerebellar cortex (PubMed:17296554).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Qpct
gene id: 10090:Qpct
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0G6
uniprot id: A0A3B2W7G1
uniprot id: Q3UFN2
uniprot id: Q9CYK2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase family.
messages: It is unclear whether this protein requires a metal cofactor for catalysis. It was originally proposed to be a Zn(2+)-dependent metalloenzyme based on structural similarities to bacterial aminopeptidases and the observation that it can bind Zn(2+) ions, typically in a 1:1 stoichiometry (PubMed:21671571). However, a recent study suggests a Zn(2+)-independent catalytic mechanism (By similarity).
messages: Responsible for the biosynthesis of pyroglutamyl peptides. Has a bias against acidic and tryptophan residues adjacent to the N-terminal glutaminyl residue and a lack of importance of chain length after the second residue (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Hmgcll1
gene id: 10090:Hmgcll1
uniprot id: Q8JZS7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HMG-CoA lyase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Non-mitochondrial 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase that catalyzes a cation-dependent cleavage of (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate, a key step in ketogenesis, the products of which support energy production in nonhepatic animal tissues.
messages: cytosol

10090:Lypd6b
gene id: 10090:Lypd6b
uniprot id: Q9D7F2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Likely acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity. In vitro acts on nAChRs in a subtype- and stoichiometry-dependent manner. Modulates specifically alpha-3(3):beta-4(2) nAChRs by enhancing the sensitivity to ACh, decreasing ACh-induced maximal current response and increasing the rate of desensitization to ACh; has no effect on alpha-7 homomeric nAChRs; modulates alpha-3(2):alpha-5:beta-4(2) nAChRs in the context of CHRNA5/alpha-5 variant Asn-398 but not its wild-type sequence. However, according to another report in vitro it can weakly inhibits alpha-7 nAChRs.

10090:Gipc2
gene id: 10090:Gipc2
uniprot id: Q9Z2H7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GIPC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in kidney and lung (at protein level).
messages: Probably interacts with SEMA5A.

10090:Crybg2
gene id: 10090:Crybg2
uniprot id: A0A2I3BQG2
uniprot id: B7ZCC2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.

10090:Stat5b
gene id: 10090:Stat5b
uniprot id: P42232
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.
messages: Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Mediates cellular responses to the cytokine KITLG/SCF and other growth factors. Binds to the GAS element and activates PRL-induced transcription. Positively regulates hematopoietic/erythroid differentiation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected both in virgin mouse and after mammary gland involution. The level of STAT5A increases constantly during pregnancy, but decreases during lactation.
messages: In the virgin, found in most tissues. Particularly abundant in muscle tissue of virgin and lactating females, and of males.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to signaling via activated KIT, resulting in translocation to the nucleus. Tyrosine phosphorylated in response to signaling via activated FLT3; wild-type FLT3 results in much weaker phosphorylation than constitutively activated mutant FLT3. Alternatively, can be phosphorylated by JAK2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Tyr-699 by PTK6 or HCK leads to an increase of its transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Upon activation, forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related family member. Binds NR3C1 (PubMed:9528750). Interacts with NCOA1 (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS7 (By similarity). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with INSR (PubMed:9428692). Interacts with CPEB3; this inhibits STAT5B-mediated transcriptional activation (PubMed:20639532).

10090:Hcfc2
gene id: 10090:Hcfc2
uniprot id: Q9D968
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds KMT2A/MLL1. Component of the MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, RBBP5, DPY30, WDR5, MEN1, HCFC1 and HCFC2 (By similarity). Interacts with TASOR (PubMed:31112734).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and ovary.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rcor3
gene id: 10090:Rcor3
uniprot id: Q6PGA0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CoREST family.
messages: May act as a component of a corepressor complex that represses transcription.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Htr7
gene id: 10090:Htr7
uniprot id: B6VJS3
uniprot id: P32304
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase.

10090:Ccdc172
gene id: 10090:Ccdc172
uniprot id: Q810N9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC172 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May interact with TEKT2.
messages: cilium

10090:Smg7
gene id: 10090:Smg7
uniprot id: Q5RJH6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a complex that contains SMG5, SMG7, PPP2CA, a short isoform of UPF3A (isoform UPF3AS, but not isoform UPF3AL) and phosphorylated UPF1 (By similarity). Interacts with DHX34; the interaction is RNA-independent (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. Recruits UPF1 to cytoplasmic mRNA decay bodies. Together with SMG5 is thought to provide a link to the mRNA degradation machinery involving exonucleolytic pathways, and to serve as an adapter for UPF1 to protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby triggering UPF1 dephosphorylation (By similarity).

10090:Adgre1
gene id: 10090:Adgre1
uniprot id: Q3U9R0
uniprot id: Q61549
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice fail to develop peripheral tolerance after inoculation with antigen because of a lack of efferent regulatory T-cell development.
messages: In macrophages; but absent from those which are localized within T-cell areas of lymph nodes and spleen. Low level of expression on blood monocytes.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Most adhesion GPCRs proteins undergo autoproteolysis at the GPS domain. ADGRE1 is predicted non-cleavable because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence within GPS domain.
messages: Orphan receptor involved in cell adhesion and probably in cell-cell interactions specifically involving cells of the immune system. May play a role in regulatory T-cells (Treg) development.

10090:Olfr702
gene id: 10090:Olfr702
uniprot id: Q920Z2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r242
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r242
uniprot id: K9J7G4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Thbs2
gene id: 10090:Thbs2
uniprot id: Q03350
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Adhesive glycoprotein that mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. Ligand for CD36 mediating antiangiogenic properties.
messages: Belongs to the thrombospondin family.
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked. Can bind to fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin and type V collagen (By similarity). Interacts (via the TSP type I repeats) with CD36; the interaction conveys an antiangiogenic effect. Interacts (via the TSP type I repeats) with HRG; the interaction blocks the antiangiogenic effect of THBS2 with CD36. Can bind to fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin.

10090:Taf15
gene id: 10090:Taf15
uniprot id: Q8BQ46
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RRM TET family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tex29
gene id: 10090:Tex29
uniprot id: Q9DA77
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem88b
gene id: 10090:Tmem88b
uniprot id: Q3TYP4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM88 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Arsb
gene id: 10090:Arsb
uniprot id: A0A0R4J138
uniprot id: P50429
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sulfatase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by ethanol (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Removes sulfate groups from chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S) and regulates its degradation (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, cell migration and invasion in colonic epithelium (By similarity). In the central nervous system, is a regulator of neurite outgrowth and neuronal plasticity, acting through the control of sulfate glycosaminoglycans and neurocan levels (By similarity).
messages: The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.

10090:Ccdc126
gene id: 10090:Ccdc126
uniprot id: Q8BIS8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Stk26
gene id: 10090:Stk26
uniprot id: Q99JT2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with PDCD10. Interacts with GOLGA2. Interacts with CTTNBP2NL. Interacts with RIPOR1 (via C-terminus); this interaction occurs in a PDCD10-dependent and Rho-independent manner. Interacts with PDCD10; this interaction is required for the association of STK26 with RIPOR1.
messages: Interaction with Golgi matrix protein GOLGA2 leads to autophosphorylation on Thr-178, possibly as a consequence of stabilization of dimer formation. May also be activated by C-terminal cleavage (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a mediator of cell growth. Modulates apoptosis. In association with STK24 negatively regulates Golgi reorientation in polarized cell migration upon RHO activation. Phosphorylates ATG4B at 'Ser-383', thereby increasing autophagic flux.

10090:Plekhf2
gene id: 10090:Plekhf2
uniprot id: Q91WB4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in brain, stomach and thymus, as well as in kidney, spleen, and skeletal muscle. Also expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and dendritic cells.
messages: May interact with EEA1.
messages: May play a role in early endosome fusion upstream of RAB5, hence regulating receptor trafficking and fluid-phase transport (By similarity). Enhances cellular sensitivity to TNF-induced apoptosis.
messages: The PH and FYVE domains may be important for TNF-induced localization to the endoplasmic reticulum and for enhanced cellular sensitivity to TNF-induced apoptosis. The FYVE domain is important for binding to the endosomal membrane (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated by TNF, bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (at protein level).

10090:Pgs1
gene id: 10090:Pgs1
uniprot id: B9EKS7
uniprot id: Q8BHF7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by calcium and magnesium and inhibited by other bivalent cations.
messages: Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-II family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Functions in the biosynthesis of the anionic phospholipids phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Widely expressed with higher expression in testis, liver and brain.

10090:Cog3
gene id: 10090:Cog3
uniprot id: E9QL65
uniprot id: Q3USH9
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the COG3 family.
messages: Involved in ER-Golgi transport.

10090:Kcnh8
gene id: 10090:Kcnh8
uniprot id: F6TUN6
uniprot id: P59111
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv12.1/KCNH8 sub-subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits a slowly activating, outward rectifying current (By similarity). Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly (By similarity).
messages: The potassium channel is probably composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming alpha subunits that can associate with modulating beta subunits.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: There seems to be a problem in the assembly of the Mouse genome in the region covered by contigs AC125051 and AC131674.

10090:Nipa1
gene id: 10090:Nipa1
uniprot id: Q8BHK1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Fe(2+), Sr(2+), Ba(2+), Mn(2+) and Co(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+).
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Up-regulated by low magnesium ion levels.
messages: Widely expressed. Predominantly expressed in neuronal tissues. Brain, heart, kidney, liver and colon (at protein level).

10090:Zc3h4
gene id: 10090:Zc3h4
uniprot id: Q6ZPZ3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the suppressor of sable family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Early embryonic lethality: embryos do not survive beyond bastocyst stage due to defective epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages formation.
messages: Interacts with WDR82.
messages: RNA-binding protein that suppresses transcription of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) (PubMed:33767452). LncRNAs are defined as transcripts more than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein (PubMed:33767452). Together with WDR82, part of a transcription termination checkpoint that promotes transcription termination of lncRNAs and their subsequent degradation by the exosome (PubMed:33767452). The transcription termination checkpoint is activated by the inefficiently spliced first exon of lncRNAs (PubMed:33767452).

10090:Sycp3
gene id: 10090:Sycp3
uniprot id: A2RSE7
uniprot id: P70281
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the lateral elements of synaptonemal complexes (PubMed:16717126). Homotetramer; the tetrameric helix bundles assemble end to end into long homopolimeric fibers that exhibit a transversal striation with a periodicity of about 20 nm (in vitro) (By similarity). Interacts with SYCP2 (PubMed:16717126). Forms a complex with EWSR1, PRDM9, REC8 and SYCP1; complex formation is dependent of phosphorylated form of REC8 and requires PRDM9 bound to hotspot DNA; EWSR1 joins PRDM9 with the chromosomal axis through REC8 (PubMed:27932493).
messages: Component of the synaptonemal complexes (SCS), formed between homologous chromosomes during meiotic prophase (PubMed:11311943, PubMed:22761579). Required for centromere pairing during meiosis in male germ cells (PubMed:22761579). Required for normal meiosis during spermatogenesis and male fertility (PubMed:10678170). Plays a lesser role in female fertility (PubMed:10678170, PubMed:12004129). Required for efficient phosphorylation of HORMAD1 and HORMAD2 (PubMed:22346761).
messages: Composed of a long central coiled coil domain. The N-terminal and C-terminal regions interact with DNA.
messages: Detected in oocytes (PubMed:16717126). Detected in spermatocytes and testis (at protein level) (PubMed:10678170, PubMed:16717126, PubMed:22761579).
messages: Homozygous males with null mutations have smaller testes and are sterile, due to massive apoptotic cell death of male germ cells during meiotic prophase. Spermatocytes fail to form axial/lateral elements and synaptonemal complexes, and the chromosomes in the mutant spermatocytes do not synapse (PubMed:10678170). In contrast, females are fertile and generate healthy offspring. However, they exhibit a sharp reduction in litter size that increases with advancing maternal age (PubMed:10678170, PubMed:12004129). In contrast to wild-type, a high percentage of the mutant embryos display aneuploidy (PubMed:12004129).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: centromere

10090:Olfr1249
gene id: 10090:Olfr1249
uniprot id: L7MU51
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tbx15
gene id: 10090:Tbx15
uniprot id: O70306
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Can form a heterodimer with TBX18.
messages: Expressed during limb development, first in the mesenchyme of the early limb bud, then during early endochondral bone development in prehypertrophic chondrocytes of cartilaginous templates. Expression is also found in mesenchymal precursor cells and prehypertrophic chondrocytes, respectively, during development of skeletal elements of the vertebral column and the head.
messages: Mice show a general reduction of bone size and changes of bone shape. In the forelimb skeleton, the scapula lacks the central region of the blade. Cartilaginous templates are already reduced in size and show a transient delay in ossification in mutant embryos. Mice show a significantly reduced proliferation of prehypertrophic chondrocytes as well as of mesenchymal precursor cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcriptional regulator involved in the development of the skeleton of the limb, vertebral column and head. Acts by controlling the number of mesenchymal precursor cells and chondrocytes.

10090:Loxhd1
gene id: 10090:Loxhd1
uniprot id: C8YR32
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the inner ear, specifically in hair cells. Higher expression is detected in the cochlea.
messages: Required for normal function of hair cells in the inner ear.
messages: stereocilium

10090:Vegfa
gene id: 10090:Vegfa
uniprot id: F8WH81
uniprot id: Q00731
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.
messages: By IL-6 and FSH in vitro.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. May play a role in increasing vascular permeability during lactation, when increased transport of molecules from the blood is required for efficient milk protein synthesis (By similarity). Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development (PubMed:26503042). Also binds the DEAR/FBXW7-AS1 receptor (PubMed:16293765).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Also found as heterodimer with PGF (By similarity). Interacts with NRP1 (PubMed:26503042). Interacts with isoform 2 of BSG (By similarity).
messages: In developing embryos, expressed mainly in the choroid plexus, paraventricular neuroepithelium, placenta and kidney glomeruli. Also found in bronchial epithelium, adrenal gland and in seminiferous tubules of testis. High expression of VEGF continues in kidney glomeruli and choroid plexus in adults.
messages: Isoform VEGF-3 contains a basic insert which acts as a cell retention signal.
messages: Levels increase during pregnancy (maximum 5.5-fold at 5 days) and a more marked increase occurs during lactation (maximal 9.7-fold at 7 days). Levels decrease progressively during the phase of involution.
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage and alternative initiation. Starts at an alternative upstream CUG codon.
messages: Secreted

10090:Psmc3
gene id: 10090:Psmc3
uniprot id: O88685
uniprot id: Q3TKG4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases including PSMC3 and few additional components. Interacts with PAAF1.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair. PSMC3 belongs to the heterohexameric ring of AAA (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) proteins that unfolds ubiquitinated target proteins that are concurrently translocated into a proteolytic chamber and degraded into peptides.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Kcnh3
gene id: 10090:Kcnh3
uniprot id: Q9WVJ0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv12.2/KCNH3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Detected in brain, but not in other tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits an outward current with fast inactivation. Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly.
messages: The potassium channel is probably composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming alpha subunits that can associate with modulating beta subunits.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Amelx
gene id: 10090:Amelx
uniprot id: P63277
uniprot id: Q6PCW7
uniprot id: R9W2T8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the amelogenin family.
messages: Expressed in ameloblasts at the periphery of mandibular molars at P1 (PubMed:12657653). At P3 also expressed at the molar incisal region (PubMed:12657653). Expressed at the terminal of Tomes' processes of ameloblasts at the incisal region at P5 (PubMed:12657653).
messages: Interacts with KRT5.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in vitro.
messages: Plays a role in the biomineralization of teeth. Seems to regulate the formation of crystallites during the secretory stage of tooth enamel development. Thought to play a major role in the structural organization and mineralization of developing enamel.
messages: Several forms are produced by C-terminal processing.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Zfp143
gene id: 10090:Zfp143
uniprot id: O70230
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Interacts with CHD8.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator. Activates the gene for selenocysteine tRNA (tRNAsec). Binds to the SPH motif of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) gene promoters. Participates in efficient U6 RNA polymerase III transcription via its interaction with CHD8 (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r192
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r192
uniprot id: Q8K4C9
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcdh15
gene id: 10090:Pcdh15
uniprot id: Q99PJ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antiparallel heterodimer with CDH23 (PubMed:23135401, PubMed:17805295). Found in a complex with TMIE and LHFPL5 (PubMed:25467981). Interacts with LHFPL5/TMHS; this interaction is required for efficient localization to hair bundles (PubMed:23217710). Interacts with MYO7A (PubMed:16481439). Interacts with USH1G; this interaction may recruit USH1G to the plasma membrane (PubMed:21436032). Interacts with TOMT (PubMed:28504928). Isoforms CD1 and CD3 interact with TMC1 (via N-terminus) and TMC2 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:25114259).
messages: Cadherin repeats 1 and 2 mediate calcium-dependent heterophilic interaction with CDH23.
messages: Calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. Required for inner ear neuroepithelial cell elaboration and cochlear function. Probably involved in the maintenance of normal retinal function.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Pcdh15 are the cause of the Ames waltzer (av) phenotype. It is characterized by deafness and a balance disorder, associated with the degeneration of inner ear neuroepithelia.
messages: Expressed in brain and sensory epithelium of the developing inner ear. Expressed in the retina, in the photoreceptor inner segments, the outer plexiform layer, the inner nuclei layer and the ganglion cell layer and, more diffusely in the inner plexiform layer (at protein level). Not detected in the retinal pigment epithelium (at protein level). Expressed in the spleen, dorsal root ganglion, dorsal aspect of neural tube, floor plate and ependymal cells adjacent to the neural canal.
messages: Highest level of expression is detected at embryonic day 16. Alternative splicing isoforms have different spatiotemporal expression patterns. In cochlear cultures at the equivalent of postnatal day 3, isoforms belonging to the CD1 (isoforms 1 through 9) and CD3 (isoforms 18 through 20) groups are highly expressed in hair bundles in the basal coils and moderately in those in the middle of the apical coil; they are hardly detectable in those at the apical end of the apical coil (at protein level). At the base of the cultured cochlea, in the more mature hair bundles, CD3 group isoforms are restricted to the tips of the shorter stereocilia in both inner and outer hair cells. By contrast, at the same stage, isoforms belonging to the CD2 group (isoforms 10 through 17) are highly expressed in hair bundles in the apex of the cochlea and, at lower levels, in those in the middle of the apical coil; they are hardly detectable at the base of the cochlea (at protein level). In mature hair bundles, CD1 group isoforms are distributed fairly evenly along most of the length of the stereocilia on auditory hair cells, whereas they are concentrated toward the upper third of the hair bundle in vestibular hair cells. In both the auditory and the vestibular organs, these isoforms are excluded from a region at the very tip of each stereocilium (at protein level). In contrast, CD2 group isoforms are undetectable in adult cochlear hair cells (at protein level). These isoforms are expressed in the entire hair bundle of the immature cells in the sensory epithelium of the early postnatal vestibule and only in the kinocilium in the more mature hair bundles (at protein level). CD3 group isoforms are detected in immature vestibular hair bundles, concentrated toward the tip of each stereocilium, as early as 15.5 dpc. They also localize to the tips of the shorter stereocilia in the mature vestibular hair bundles and are not detected at the tips of the stereocilia in the tallest row (at protein level…
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Produced by aberrant splicing sites.
messages: Secreted
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Gab1
gene id: 10090:Gab1
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS41
uniprot id: Q505A4
uniprot id: Q9QYY0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in intracellular signaling cascades triggered by activated receptor-type kinases. Plays a role in FGFR1 signaling. Probably involved in signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the insulin receptor (INSR). Involved in the MET/HGF-signaling pathway.
messages: Belongs to the GAB family.
messages: Expressed in the inner ear (at protein level) (PubMed:29408807). Expression is detected in the cochlear duct, spiral limbus region, efferent and afferent nerves, and in spiral ganglion neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:29408807).
messages: Identified in a complex containing FRS2, GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1 (PubMed:11353842). Forms a tripartite complex containing GAB1, METTL13 and SPRY2 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with METTL13 (By similarity). Interacts with GRB2 and with other SH2-containing proteins (PubMed:11353842). Interacts with phosphorylated LAT2 (By similarity). Interacts with PTPRJ (By similarity). Interacts (phosphorylated) with PTPN11 (By similarity). Interacts with HCK (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residue(s) by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the insulin receptor (INSR). Tyrosine phosphorylation of GAB1 mediates interaction with several proteins that contain SH2 domains. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by HCK upon IL6 signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylated in response to FGFR1 activation.

10090:Defb38
gene id: 10090:Defb38
uniprot id: Q7TNV7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Only expressed in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda).
messages: Secreted
messages: Synthetic Defb38 kills both Gram-negative (E.coli and P.aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (E.faecium) bacteria.

10090:Nrbp1
gene id: 10090:Nrbp1
uniprot id: Q99J45
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Homodimer. Binds to MLF1, recruiting a serine kinase which phosphorylates both itself and MLF1. Phosphorylated MLF1 binds to YWHAZ and is retained in the cytoplasm.
messages: May play a role in subcellular trafficking between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus through interactions with the Rho-type GTPases.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.
messages: cell cortex
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Mettl24
gene id: 10090:Mettl24
uniprot id: Q8CCB5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Probable methyltransferase.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gsto1
gene id: 10090:Gsto1
uniprot id: O09131
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Omega family.
messages: Exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities. Has S-(phenacyl)glutathione reductase activity. Has also glutathione S-transferase activity. Participates in the biotransformation of inorganic arsenic and reduces monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsonic acid.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: cytosol

10090:Trim60
gene id: 10090:Trim60
uniprot id: Q8VI40
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in embryos before or up to the 8-cell stage.

10090:Nobox
gene id: 10090:Nobox
uniprot id: Q8VIH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed from 15.5 dpc.
messages: Male mice are fertile and show no obvious abnormality. Female mice lacking Nobox have normal gross anatomy and histology, but are infertile with atrophic ovaries that lack oocytes at 6 weeks of age.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed in ovaries and testes. In ovaries, expressed in oocytes from primordial through antral follicles but not in granulosa cells, theca cells and corpora lutea.
messages: Transcription factor which plays an essential role in postnatal follicle development. Binds preferentially to the DNA sequences 5'-TAATTG-3', 5'-TAGTTG-3' and 5'-TAATTA-3'. Directly regulates the transcription of POU5F1 and GDF9 during early folliculogenesis.

10090:Sbno1
gene id: 10090:Sbno1
uniprot id: B2RRI2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SBNO family.

10090:Popdc3
gene id: 10090:Popdc3
uniprot id: Q9ES81
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the popeye family.
messages: Expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle.
messages: May play a role in the maintenance of heart function mediated, at least in part, through cAMP-binding. May play a role in the regulation of KCNK2-mediated current amplitude (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Ankrd11
gene id: 10090:Ankrd11
uniprot id: E9Q4F7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromatin regulator which modulates histone acetylation and gene expression in neural precursor cells (PubMed:25556659). May recruit histone deacetylases (HDACs) to the p160 coactivators/nuclear receptor complex to inhibit ligand-dependent transactivation (By similarity). Has a role in proliferation and development of cortical neural precursors (PubMed:25556659). May also regulate bone homeostasis (PubMed:17986521).
messages: Detected in the cerebral cortex from embryonic stage 11 dpc through to postnatal stage P3, where it is primarily expressed in neural precursors.
messages: Interacts with the PAS region of the p160 coactivators.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Subject to proteasomal degradation which is probably essential to regulate its activity.

10090:Zbtb7c
gene id: 10090:Zbtb7c
uniprot id: Q8VCZ7
names: Function
messages: May be a tumor suppressor gene.

10090:Rac2
gene id: 10090:Rac2
uniprot id: Q05144
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with DOCK2, which may activate it. Interacts with S100A8 and calprotectin (S100A8/9) (By similarity). Found in a complex with SH3RF1, MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP2K7/MKK7, MAPK8IP1/JIP1, MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK9/JNK2 (PubMed:27084103). Interacts with PAK1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as secretory processes, phagocytose of apoptotic cells and epithelial cell polarization. Augments the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase.
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase.

10090:Enam
gene id: 10090:Enam
uniprot id: O55196
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in developing teeth.
messages: Involved in the mineralization and structural organization of enamel. Involved in the extension of enamel during the secretory stage of dental enamel formation.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in vitro.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Timm10
gene id: 10090:Timm10
uniprot id: P62073
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small Tim family.
messages: Heterohexamer; composed of 3 copies of TIMM9 and 3 copies of TIMM10/TIM10A, named soluble 70 kDa complex. The complex forms a 6-bladed alpha-propeller structure and associates with the TIMM22 component of the TIM22 complex. Interacts with multi-pass transmembrane proteins in transit. Also forms a complex composed of TIMM9, TIMM10/TIM10A and FXC1/TIM10B (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial intermembrane chaperone that participates in the import and insertion of multi-pass transmembrane proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. May also be required for the transfer of beta-barrel precursors from the TOM complex to the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) of the outer membrane. Acts as a chaperone-like protein that protects the hydrophobic precursors from aggregation and guide them through the mitochondrial intermembrane space (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The twin CX3C motif contains 4 conserved Cys residues that form 2 disulfide bonds in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. However, during the transit of TIMM10 from cytoplasm into mitochondrion, the Cys residues probably coordinate zinc, thereby preventing folding and allowing its transfer across mitochondrial outer membrane (By similarity).

10090:Ddx25
gene id: 10090:Ddx25
uniprot id: Q9QY15
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Required for mRNA export and translation regulation during spermatid development.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed in germ cells. Isoform 2 is expressed in Leydig cells and in round spermatids of adult testis upon gonadotropin stimulation.
messages: Male mice display normal sexual behavior but are sterile with testes that are 25% smaller than the wild-type. Round spermatids arrest at step 8 and fail to elongate. Chromatoid bodies are unusually condensed, greatly reduced in size and lack the typical amorphous texture throughout all steps of spermiogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on threonine residues. The phosphorylated form is found in the cytoplasm but not in the nucleus.

10090:Aqp8
gene id: 10090:Aqp8
uniprot id: A0A0X1KG59
uniprot id: P56404
uniprot id: Q3UJ16
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aquaporins contain two tandem repeats each containing three membrane-spanning domains and a pore-forming loop with the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA).
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
messages: Colon, liver, heart and placenta.
messages: Forms a water-specific channel; mercury-sensitive. Also permeable to urea but not to glycerol.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tm2d2
gene id: 10090:Tm2d2
uniprot id: Q8R0I4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TM2 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cnih1
gene id: 10090:Cnih1
uniprot id: O35372
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in full grown oocyte and the ovulated unfertilized egg, shows a slight decrease 12 hours after fertilization. Transcripts from the activated embryonic genome are present in the eight-cell embryo.
messages: Belongs to the cornichon family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in oocytes, and at a basal level in ovarian somatic cells of 6-week-old mouse. Expressed in adult brain.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with AREG immature precursor and with immature TGFA, i.e. with a prosegment and lacking full N-glycosylation, but not with the fully N-glycosylated form. In the Golgi apparatus, may form a complex with GORASP55 and transmembrane TGFA (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the selective transport and maturation of TGF-alpha family proteins.

10090:Brinp2
gene id: 10090:Brinp2
uniprot id: Q6DFY8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BRINP family.
messages: Inhibits neuronal cell proliferation by negative regulation of the cell cycle transition.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated upon differentiation into neuronal cells in the presence of retinoic acid and BDNF. Down-regulated upon differentiation into astroglial cells.
messages: Weakly expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Strongly expressed in ES-derived neural stem cells (NSCs).

10090:Mpp5
gene id: 10090:Mpp5
uniprot id: B2RRY4
uniprot id: Q9JLB2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Conditional knockout in the retina results in mice which are viable, fertile, and morphologically normal apart from microphthalmia with severe defects in visual response (PubMed:22398208). From 13.5 days post-conception (dpc) retinas show variable morphology, including retinal folding, variable thickness and disorganization (PubMed:22398208). Postnatally the retinal lamina is thinner, and disorganized, with a shortening or absence of the inner and outer segments of photoreceptor cells (PubMed:22398208). By postnatal day 60 retinas are completely or partially devoid of the outer nuclear layers and photoreceptor layer, and feature a reduced number of photoreceptor cells, disrupted cell polarity and impaired distribution of retinal neurons (PubMed:22398208). Retinal distribution of Par3 and the Crb polarity complex proteins Crbs and Patj is disrupted (PubMed:22398208). Mature mice show aberrant proliferation and apoptosis of retinal epithelia with significantly reduced or undetectable a- and b-waves in electroretinogram-measured dark-adapted response (PubMed:22398208). Conditional knockout in cerebellum proliferating progenitors at 13.5 dpc results in mislocalization of apical polarity complex proteins such as Crb proteins, Pard3, and Prkci at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:26657772). Following cerebellum conditional knockout there is an increase in migration and premature differentiation of Pax2-positive ventricular zone cells at 17.5 dpc, resulting in a reduced number of glial cell progenitors (PubMed:26657772). Conditional knockout in cerebellum results in stunted cerebellum growth and indistinct vermis foliation at birth, there is also an evident reduction of Bergmann glia, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte and GABAergic interneuron progenitors (PubMed:26657772). Conditional knockout in cerebellum shows compromised Purkinje cell migration and formation failure of Purkinje cell plate to contain both Bergmann glia and Purkinje cells, possibly as a result of abnormal Reln-Dab1 signaling a…
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed in the developing sciatic nerve, with increasing expression from newborn to postnatal day 20, and decreasing expression at postnatal day 60 (P60) (at protein level) (PubMed:20237282). Expressed in the developing neural tube, optic vesicle, branchial arches and kidney at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Expressed in the ventricular layers of the developing neural tube along the entire cranial-caudal length, including the anterior forebrain and the posterior spinal cord at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Highly expressed in cortical progenitor cells at 12 dpc, expression decreases during neurogenesis but weak expression is still present at birth (PubMed:20399730). Expressed in the developing brain at 15.5 dpc in the upper rhombic lip, ventricular zone, and external granule layer (EGL) (at protein level) (PubMed:26657772). At birth expressed in the ventricular apical lining cells, proliferating external granule layer and Purkinje cell layer (PCL), with expression remaining abundant in the EGL and weakly evident in the PCL at P6 (at protein level) (PubMed:26657772). Expressed at P8 in the EGL, cerebellar granule neuron precursors, Bergmann glia, Pcna-positive progenitor cells in the white matter, and weakly in Pax6-positive postmitotic granule neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:26657772). Expressed weakly throughout the retina between 12.5 dpc and 14.5 dpc, becoming enriched in progenitors at the outer neuroblastic layer at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:22398208). Expressed in the retinal layer of the optic vesicle, and weakly expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium at 12.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Localized to the apical edge of the retina between 12.5 and 16.5 dpc (PubMed:22398208). Expressed in the internal endodermal layer and in the developing saccules of the lung at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:17920587). Expressed at the outer limiting membrane of the retina at 18.5 dpc and 3 months of age (PubMed:23001562).
messages: Expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:15558731, PubMed:22398208, PubMed:23893895, PubMed:26404741). Expressed in the vascular plexus of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:27466317). In the brain, expressed in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus, striatum and cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:15234345, PubMed:26404741). Expressed in the sciatic nerve (at protein level) (PubMed:20237282). Expressed in the kidney nephron (at protein level) (PubMed:10753959, PubMed:15558731). Expressed in the lung, and heart (PubMed:10753959, PubMed:15558731). Expressed in placenta, brain, skeletal muscles, pancreas and liver (PubMed:10753959).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Heterodimer with MPP1 (By similarity). Forms a heterotrimeric complex composed of PALS1, LIN7B and PATJ; the N-terminal L27 domain of PALS1 interacts with the L27 domain of PATJ and the C-terminal L27 domain of PALS1 interacts with the L27 domain of LIN7B (By similarity). Component of a complex composed of PALS1, CRB1 and MPP4 (By similarity). Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, PALS1, PATJ and PARD3/PAR3 (By similarity). Component of a complex composed of PALS1, CRB1 and EPB41L5 (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts (via HOOK domain) with EPB41L5 (via FERM domain), and interacts with CRB1 (via intracellular domain) (By similarity). Component of a complex composed of PALS1, MPP3 and CRB1; PALS1 acts as a bridging protein between MPP3 (via guanylate kinase-like domain) and CRB1 (PubMed:16519681). Component of a complex composed of CRB3, PALS1 and PATJ (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with PATJ (via N-terminus) (PubMed:11927608, PubMed:12527193, PubMed:20399730). Interacts with EZR (PubMed:15677456). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with CRB1 (via C-terminal ERLI motif) (By similarity). While the PDZ domain is sufficient for interaction with CRB1, the adjacent SH3 and guanylate kinase-like domains are likely to contribute to a high affinity interaction (By similarity). Interacts with WWTR1/TAZ (via WW domain) (PubMed:21145499). Interacts with MPP7 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with CRB3 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:12527193). Interacts with LIN7C (PubMed:10753959). Interacts with MPDZ (PubMed:15316081). Interacts with PARD6B (PubMed:12545177, PubMed:15140881). Interacts with SC6A1 (PubMed:15234345). Interacts with CDH5; the interaction promotes PALS1 localization to cell junctions and is required for CDH5-mediated vascular lumen formation and endothelial cell (PubMed:27466317). Interacts with NPHP1 (via coiled coil and SH3 domains) (By similarity). Interacts with NPHP4 (By similarity). Interacts with CRB2 (PubMed:20…
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Plays a role in tight junction biogenesis and in the establishment of cell polarity in epithelial cells (By similarity). Also involved in adherens junction biogenesis by ensuring correct localization of the exocyst complex protein EXOC4/SEC8 which allows trafficking of adherens junction structural component CDH1 to the cell surface (PubMed:17182851, PubMed:20237282). Plays a role through its interaction with CDH5 in vascular lumen formation and endothelial membrane polarity (By similarity). Required during embryonic and postnatal retinal development (PubMed:22398208). Required for the maintenance of cerebellar progenitor cells in an undifferentiated proliferative state, preventing premature differentiation, and is required for cerebellar histogenesis, fissure formation, cerebellar layer organization and cortical development (PubMed:20399730, PubMed:26404741). Plays a role in neuronal progenitor cell survival, potentially via promotion of mTOR signaling (PubMed:20399730). Plays a role in the radial and longitudinal extension of the myelin sheath in Schwann cells (PubMed:20237282). May modulate SC6A1/GAT1-mediated GABA uptake by stabilizing the transporter (PubMed:15234345). May play a role in the T-cell receptor-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Required for localization of EZR to the apical membrane of parietal cells and may play a role in the dynamic remodeling of the apical cytoskeleton (PubMed:15677456). Required for the normal polarized localization of the vesicular marker STX4 (PubMed:20237282). Required for the correct trafficking of the myelin proteins PMP22 and MAG (By similarity). Involved in promoting phosphorylation and cytoplasmic retention of transcriptional coactivators YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ which leads to suppression of TGFB1-dependent transcription of target genes such as CCN2/CTGF, SERPINE1/PAI1, SNAI1/SNAIL1 and SMAD7 (PubMed:21145499).
messages: The L27 domain 1 functions in targeting to the tight junctions by binding to and stabilizing PATJ.
messages: The PDZ domain binds to the C-terminus of SC6A1.
messages: adherens junction
messages: axon
messages: tight junction

10090:Neurl2
gene id: 10090:Neurl2
uniprot id: A2A5J5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Grhl2
gene id: 10090:Grhl2
uniprot id: Q8K5C0
uniprot id: Q9DCN4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 14.5 dpc expressed in lung, esophagus, skin and kidney. At 9.5 dpc expressed in foregut and surface ectoderm but not in the neural tube. At 9.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc, detected in the lung epithelium and in branchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells at 18.5 dpc and adult. Expressed in otocyst at 11.5 dpc, prominent in epithelial derivatives of the otic placode in the vestibule and cochlear duct at 18.5 dpc. At postnatal day 5, epithelial cells of the cochlear duct, which surround the endolymph-containing scala media, continued to express low levels, while little or no expression was seen in the mesenchyme-derived cells lining the scala tympani and scala vestibuli. Detected in cholangiocytes in postnatal day 1 and postnatal day 8 livers.
messages: Belongs to the grh/CP2 family. Grainyhead subfamily.
messages: GRHL genes (GRHL1, GRHL2 and GRHL3) show a paradoxal lack of redundancy despite their extensive sequence identity in the DNA-binding and protein dimerization domains and the fact that the core consensus DNA binding sites are identical. They have related but remarkably different functions during embryogenesis because of their differential spatiotemporal expression patterns during development.
messages: Homodimer, also forms heterodimers with GRHL1 or GRHL3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant embryos show an epithelial and anterior and posterior neural tube defects leading to death at around 11.5 dpc (PubMed:20654612, PubMed:20978075). They exhibit a fully penetrant split-face malformation, associated with cranioschisis. Closure of the remainder of the neural tube ocrurred normally with the exception of the posterior neuropore. The dorso-lateral hinge points fail to form and closure do not proceed beyond this point (PubMed:20654612).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor playing an important role in primary neurulation and in epithelial development. Binds directly to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-AACCGGTT-3' acting as an activator and repressor on distinct target genes (PubMed:22696678). During embryogenesis, plays unique and cooperative roles with GRHL3 in establishing distinct zones of primary neurulation. Essential for closure 3 (rostral end of the forebrain), functions cooperatively with GRHL3 in closure 2 (forebrain/midbrain boundary) and posterior neuropore closure (PubMed:20654612). Regulates epithelial morphogenesis acting as a target gene-associated transcriptional activator of apical junctional complex components. Up-regulates of CLDN3 and CLDN4, as well as of RAB25, which increases the CLDN4 protein and its localization at tight junctions (PubMed:22696678). Comprises an essential component of the transcriptional machinery that establishes appropriate expression levels of CLDN4 and CDH1 in different types of epithelia (PubMed:20978075). Exhibits functional redundancy with GRHL3 in epidermal morphogenetic events such as eyelid fusion and epidermal wound repair (PubMed:21081122). In lung, forms a regulatory loop with NKX2-1 that coordinates lung epithelial cell morphogenesis and differentiation (PubMed:22955271). In keratinocytes, plays a role in telomerase activation during cellular proliferation, regulates TERT expression by binding to TERT promoter region and inhibiting DNA methylation at the 5'-CpG island, possibly by interfering with DNMT1 enzyme activity. In addition, impairs keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal function by inhibiting the expression of genes clustered at the epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) as well as GRHL1 and GRHL3 through epigenetic mechanisms (By similarity).

10090:Urb1
gene id: 10090:Urb1
uniprot id: Q571H0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: nucleolus

10090:Furin
gene id: 10090:Furin
uniprot id: P23188
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family. Furin subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Conditional knockout in pancreas causes mild glucose intolerance (PubMed:18713856). Insulin secretion by islets of Langerhans cells is reduced (PubMed:18713856). In islets of Langerhans cells, processing of pro-proteins including Pcsk2, Ins2/proinsulin II and Gcg/proglucagon and acidification of dense-core secretory granules are reduced (PubMed:18713856). Islets of Langerhans are normal (PubMed:18713856).
messages: Contains a cytoplasmic domain responsible for its TGN localization and recycling from the cell surface.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Inhibited by the not secondly cleaved propeptide. Inhibited by m-guanidinomethyl-phenylacetyl-Arg-Val-Arg-(amidomethyl)-benzamidine (m-guanidinomethyl-Phac-RVR-Amb) and 4-guanidinomethyl-phenylacetyl-Arg-Tle-Arg-4-amidinobenzylamide (MI-1148). Inhibited by Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Lys-Arg-chloromethylketone (decanoyl-RVKR-CMK). Inhibited by heparin/heparan sulfate-binding.
messages: Interacts with FLNA (PubMed:9412467). Binds to PACS1 which mediates TGN localization and connection to clathrin adapters (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation is required for TGN localization of the endoprotease. In vivo, exists as di-, mono- and non-phosphorylated forms.
messages: Secreted
messages: Seems to be expressed ubiquitously (PubMed:2266110). Expressed in islets of Langerhans (PubMed:18713856).
messages: The inhibition peptide, which plays the role of an intramolecular chaperone, is autocatalytically removed in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and remains non-covalently bound to furin as a potent autoinhibitor. Following transport to the trans Golgi, a second cleavage within the inhibition propeptide results in propeptide dissociation and furin activation.
messages: Ubiquitous endoprotease within constitutive secretory pathways capable of cleavage at the RX(K/R)R consensus motif (PubMed:18713856). Mediates processing of TGFB1, an essential step in TGF-beta-1 activation (By similarity). Converts through proteolytic cleavage the non-functional Brain natriuretic factor prohormone into its active hormone BNP(1-45) (By similarity). By mediating processing of accessory subunit ATP6AP1/Ac45 of the V-ATPase, regulates the acidification of dense-core secretory granules in islets of Langerhans cells (PubMed:18713856).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Olfr578
gene id: 10090:Olfr578
uniprot id: Q8VH17
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Elfn1
gene id: 10090:Elfn1
uniprot id: Q8C8T7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with PPP1CA.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic protein that regulates circuit dynamics in the central nervous system by modulating the temporal dynamics of interneuron recruitment. Specifically present in excitatory synapses onto oriens-lacunosum molecular (OLM) interneurons and acts as a regulator of presynaptic release probability to direct the formation of highly facilitating pyramidal-OLM synapses. Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes.
messages: Selectively expressed in perialvear somatostatin (Sst)-containing interneurons.
messages: dendrite

10090:Fibp
gene id: 10090:Fibp
uniprot id: Q9JI19
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to internalized FGF1; this interaction is increased in the presence of CSNKB, suggesting a possible cooperative interaction between CSNKB and FIBP in binding to FGF1.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed throughout the development in embryo at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the central nervous system at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the ventral part of caudal diencephalon at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the dorsal root ganglia at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the kidney and lung at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the dorsal and ventral midbrain at 18.5 dpc. Expressed uniformely in the cortex at 18.5 dpc.
messages: May be involved in mitogenic function of FGF1 (By similarity). May mediate with IER2 FGF-signaling in the establishment of laterality in the embryo (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Smim13
gene id: 10090:Smim13
uniprot id: E9Q942
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SMIM13 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Taar8c
gene id: 10090:Taar8c
uniprot id: Q5QD05
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking Taar2, Taar3, Taar4, Taar5, Taar6, Taar7a, Taar7b, Taar7d, Taar7e, Taar7f, Taar8a, Taar8b, Taar8c and Taar9 show no visible phenotype or behavioral deficits. They however show an absence of aversion to low concentrations of amines such as 2-phenylethylamine, isopentylamine, N-methylpiperidine and cadaverine.
messages: Orphan olfactory receptor specific for trace amines.
messages: Specifically expressed in neurons of the olfactory epithelium.

10090:Nat2
gene id: 10090:Nat2
uniprot id: P50295
uniprot id: Q78ZC4
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the arylamine N-acetyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Participates in the detoxification of a plethora of hydrazine and arylamine drugs. 2-aminofluorene and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) are preferred substrates for NAT-2. Less activity with anisidine and barely detectable with SMZ.
messages: There are two forms of NAT2: a rapid/stable isoform (Asn-99) and a slow/unstable isoform (Ile-99).

10090:Lactb
gene id: 10090:Lactb
uniprot id: A0A1L1SVF9
uniprot id: B2RWI2
uniprot id: Q9EP89
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S12 family.
messages: Down-regulated in a number of cancer cells.
messages: Expressed predominantly in liver.
messages: Mitochondrial serine protease that acts as a regulator of mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). Acts by decreasing protein levels of PISD, a mitochondrial enzyme that converts phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), thereby affecting mitochondrial lipid metabolism (By similarity). It is unclear whether it acts directly by mediating proteolysis of PISD or by mediating proteolysis of another lipid metabolism protein (By similarity). Acts as a tumor suppressor that has the ability to inhibit proliferation of multiple types of cancer cells: probably by promoting decreased levels of PISD, thereby affecting mitochondrial lipid metabolism (PubMed:28329758).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Kcnj3
gene id: 10090:Kcnj3
uniprot id: B1AYE4
uniprot id: P63250
uniprot id: Q3ZAT1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with GIRK2, GIRK3 or GIRK4 to form a G-protein activated heteromultimer pore-forming unit. The resulting inward current is much larger (By similarity).
messages: Associates with GIRK2, GIRK3 or GIRK4 to form a G-protein activated heteromultimer pore-forming unit. The resulting inward current is much larger.
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family.
messages: Belongs to the inward rectifier-type potassium channel (TC 1.A.2.1) family. KCNJ3 subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage dependence is regulated by the concentration of extracellular potassium; as external potassium is raised, the voltage range of the channel opening shifts to more positive voltages. The inward rectification is mainly due to the blockage of outward current by internal magnesium. This receptor plays a crucial role in regulating the heartbeat.

10090:Lrrc52
gene id: 10090:Lrrc52
uniprot id: Q5M8M9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auxiliary protein of the large-conductance, voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel (BK alpha). Modulates gating properties by producing a marked shift in the BK channel's voltage dependence of activation in the hyperpolarizing direction, and in the absence of calcium (By similarity). KCNU1 channel auxiliary protein. May modulate KCNU1 gating properties, shifting KCNU1 gating to more negative potentials at a given pH.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 (By similarity). May interact with KCNU1; this interaction may be required for LRRC52 stability and may change the channel gating properties.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Testis-specific (at protein level). At the mRNA level, also detected in kidney, ventricle, spinal cord and skeletal muscle, although at lower levels compared to testis. Expression in testis at the protein level requires the presence of KCNU1.
messages: The transmembrane domain is necessary for interaction with KCNMA1.
messages: Very low expression levels in testis before postnatal day 25 (P25). Levels strongly increase between P25 and P30, and then remain high from P30 through P150.

10090:Pde10a
gene id: 10090:Pde10a
uniprot id: A0A384DV92
uniprot id: Q7TPG2
uniprot id: Q8CA95
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Composed of a C-terminal catalytic domain containing two divalent metal sites and an N-terminal regulatory domain which contains one cyclic nucleotide-binding region.
messages: Detected in striatum (at protein level). Detected in testis and brain.
messages: Down-regulated by the expression of a huntingtin (HD) gene with an expanded polyglutamine repeat prior to the onset of neurological symptoms related to Huntington disease.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides (PubMed:10359840). Can hydrolyze both cAMP and cGMP, but has higher affinity for cAMP and is more efficient with cAMP as substrate (PubMed:10359840). May play a critical role in regulating cAMP and cGMP levels in the striatum, a region of the brain that contributes to the control of movement and cognition (PubMed:10359840, PubMed:14751289, PubMed:27058446).
messages: The tandem GAF domains bind cAMP, and regulate enzyme activity. The binding of cAMP stimulates enzyme activity (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Polr3h
gene id: 10090:Polr3h
uniprot id: Q9D2C6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB7/RPC8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. Interacts with RPC9 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific peripheric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNA. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cic
gene id: 10090:Cic
uniprot id: Q924A2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the cortex and hypothalamus (at protein level). Isoform 1: Present in cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:17190598). Isoform 2: Present in cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:17190598).
messages: Expressed postnatally in the hippocampus, neocortex, olfactory bulb and cerebellum. Expressed in the hippocampus from P0 to P15. Expressed in the posterior region of the neocortex at P4, the anterior region at P9, and is then lost by P15. Expressed in the cerebellum from P0, specifically within the external granule layer (EGL) which contains granule cell precursors. By P7 expression is distributed throughout the EGL and is reduced in the inner granule cell layer (IGL) where granule cells finally differentiate. Expression in the IGL continues to diminish up to P15, when granule cell neurogenesis is complete.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Isoform 1: Interacts with ATXN1 (PubMed:17190598). Isoform 2: Interacts with ATXN1 (PubMed:17190598). Interacts with ATXN1L (PubMed:17322884). Found in a complex with ATXN1 and ATXN1L (PubMed:28288114).
messages: Mice with conditional knockouts of either ATXN1-ATXN1L or CIC in the developing forebrain exhibit intellectual disability, hyperactivity, social-behavioral deficits and reduced thickness of upper cortical layers.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor which plays a role in development of the central nervous system (CNS) (PubMed:17190598). In concert with ATXN1 and ATXN1L, involved in brain development (PubMed:28288114).

10090:Spata22
gene id: 10090:Spata22
uniprot id: Q5SV06
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of a multiprotein complex with MEIOB and RPA2 (PubMed:24240703). Interacts with the complex BRME1:HSF2BP:BRCA2 (PubMed:32345962).
messages: In testis, weakly present from 8 dpp, and readily detectable from 10 dpp, with expression sustained through adulthood. Present in all populations of spermatocytes (at protein level).
messages: Meiosis-specific protein required for homologous recombination in meiosis I.
messages: Mice develop and grow normally but show infertility in both sexes. Gametogenesis is affected with germ cells that do not progress beyond early meiotic prophase, with subsequent germ cell loss in both males and females.
messages: Specifically expressed in gonadal germ cells, when male and female germ cells progress through prophase of meiosis I.

10090:Gngt2
gene id: 10090:Gngt2
uniprot id: A2A614
uniprot id: Q61017
uniprot id: Q6P8Y9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G protein gamma family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units; alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.
messages: Membrane

10090:Adra2b
gene id: 10090:Adra2b
uniprot id: P30545
uniprot id: Q925K6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRA2B sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with RAB26. Interacts with PPP1R9B. Interacts with GGA1, GGA2 and GGA3.
messages: Membrane

10090:Snrpd1
gene id: 10090:Snrpd1
uniprot id: P62315
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
messages: Core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. Component of the U1 snRNP. The U1 snRNP is composed of the U1 snRNA and the 7 core Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG, and at least three U1 snRNP-specific proteins SNRNP70/U1-70K, SNRPA/U1-A and SNRPC/U1-C. Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8. Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome. Part of the SMN-Sm complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8, STRAP/UNRIP and the Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG; catalyzes core snRNPs assembly. Forms a 6S pICln-Sm complex composed of CLNS1A/pICln, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG; ring-like structure where CLNS1A/pICln mimics additional Sm proteins and which is unable to assemble into the core snRNP. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SMN1 (via Tudor domain); the interaction is direct. Interacts with GEMIN2; the interaction is direct. Interacts with SNRPD2; the interaction is direct.
messages: Methylated on arginine residues by PRMT5 and PRMT7; probable asymmetric dimethylation which is required for assembly and biogenesis of snRNPs.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as a core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Component of both the pre-catalytic spliceosome B complex and activated spliceosome C complexes. Is also a component of the minor U12 spliceosome. May act as a charged protein scaffold to promote snRNP assembly or strengthen snRNP-snRNP interactions through non-specific electrostatic contacts with RNA.
messages: cytosol

10090:Panx2
gene id: 10090:Panx2
uniprot id: Q6IMP4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pannexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms PANX1/PANX2-heteromeric intercellular channels on coexpression in paired Xenopus oocytes. Does not form homomeric channels (By similarity).
messages: Structural component of the gap junctions and the hemichannels.
messages: gap junction

10090:Cyb5d1
gene id: 10090:Cyb5d1
uniprot id: Q5NCY3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome b5 family.

10090:Arhgap27
gene id: 10090:Arhgap27
uniprot id: A2AB59
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with SH3KBP1/CIN85.
messages: Membrane
messages: Rho GTPase-activating protein which may be involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. GTPase activators for the Rho-type GTPases act by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state. Has activity toward CDC42 and RAC1 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in kidney, lung, small intestine and thymus.

10090:Kcnh1
gene id: 10090:Kcnh1
uniprot id: A0A1L1M1J8
uniprot id: Q3UHC9
uniprot id: Q60603
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv10.1/KCNH1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Channel activity is inhibited by interaction with Ca(2+)-bound calmodulin. Interaction of a single pore-forming alpha subunit with a calmodulin chain is sufficient to promote channel closure (By similarity). Channel activity is not regulated by cyclic nucleotides (PubMed:19671703). Channel activity is inhibited by binding intracellular phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), but is not inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (By similarity).
messages: Channel activity is regulated via tyrosine phosphorylation/dephosphorylation by SRC and PTPN6.
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23424202, PubMed:25556795). Highly expressed in olfactory bulb. Detected in brain cortex, hippocampus, brain stem, striatum, thalamus, hypothalamus and spinal cord (PubMed:23424202).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are viable and fertile, and have normal brain morphology. Likewise, there is no change in the electrophysiological properties of cerebellar Purkinje cells and in the shape and frequency of action potentials.
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of a voltage-gated delayed rectifier potassium channel (PubMed:19671703, PubMed:23975098). Channel properties are modulated by subunit assembly. Mediates IK(NI) current in myoblasts. Involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, in particular adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: The C-terminal region interacts with the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain and contributes to regulate channel gating.
messages: The PAS and PAC domain interact with the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain and contribute to the regulation of channel gating (PubMed:23975098). Calmodulin binding clamps together the PAS and PAC domain with the cyclic nucleotide-binding domain from a neighboring subunit and causes a conformation change that leads to channel closure.
messages: The cyclic nucleotide-binding domain lacks residues that are essential for nucleotide-binding and cannot bind cyclic nucleotides (PubMed:19671703). Instead, residues from the C-terminal domain (the so-called intrinsic ligand) bind in the cavity that would be expected to bind cyclic nucleotides. Interaction with the C-terminal region hinders interaction with CALM and reduces the affinity for CALM.
messages: The potassium channel is composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming alpha subunits that can associate with modulating beta subunits. Heteromultimer with KCNH5/EAG2 (By similarity). Interacts with ALG10B (By similarity). Interacts with RABEP1 (PubMed:22841712). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CTTN. Interacts (via C-terminal cytoplasmic region) with Ca(2+)-bound calmodulin (PubMed:27618660).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Dis3
gene id: 10090:Dis3
uniprot id: Q9CSH3
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNR ribonuclease family.
messages: Component of the RNA exosome complex (By similarity). The catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms (By similarity). Interacts with DHX34; the interaction is RNA-independent (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Incompletely spliced mRNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. DIS3 has both 3'-5' exonuclease and endonuclease activities.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Washc3
gene id: 10090:Washc3
uniprot id: G3UWG7
uniprot id: Q9CR27
uniprot id: Q9CYF6
uniprot id: S4R287
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a component of the WASH core complex that functions as a nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) at the surface of endosomes, where it recruits and activates the Arp2/3 complex to induce actin polymerization, playing a key role in the fission of tubules that serve as transport intermediates during endosome sortingg.
messages: Belongs to the CCDC53 family.
messages: Component of the WASH core complex also described as WASH regulatory complex (SHRC) composed of WASHC1, WASHC2, WASHC3, WASHC4 and WASHC5. The WASH core complex associates via WASHC2 with the F-actin-capping protein dimer (formed by CAPZA1, CAPZA2 or CAPZA3 and CAPZB) in a transient or substoichiometric manner which was initially described as WASH complex.
messages: Early endosome

10090:Galnt11
gene id: 10090:Galnt11
uniprot id: Q921L8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 8.0 dpc, present in the left-right organiser (LRO) node, with enrichment in crown cells compared to pit cells (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with NOTCH1.
messages: Mainly expressed in kidney. Weakly expressed in other tissues.
messages: Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase that catalyzes the initiation of protein O-linked glycosylation and is involved in left/right asymmetry by mediating O-glycosylation of NOTCH1. O-glycosylation of NOTCH1 promotes activation of NOTCH1, modulating the balance between motile and immotile (sensory) cilia at the left-right organiser (LRO). Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases catalyze the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Displays the same enzyme activity toward MUC1, MUC4, and EA2 than GALNT1. Not involved in glycosylation of erythropoietin (EPO) (By similarity).
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Smco3
gene id: 10090:Smco3
uniprot id: Q8BQM7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:U2af1l4
gene id: 10090:U2af1l4
uniprot id: Q8BGJ9
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic and nuclear. Displays active nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling. Shows a circadian expression at the mRNA level.
messages: Interacts with GFI1, U2AF2 and C1QBP. Isoform 3 interacts with PER1.
messages: Isoform 3 contains a C-terminus domain with homology to Drosophila TIM (THD domain). Isoform 3 interacts with Per1 and specifically down-regulates its expression, probably by facilitating its recruitment to the proteasome. The interaction with PER1 depends on the presence of the THD domain, but the THD domain is not directly involved in the interaction.
messages: Isoform 3 is rapidly degraded by a proteasome-mediated degradation pathway.
messages: Mutant mice show defects in circadian gene expression and jet lag phenotype, but the master clock is not strongly affected. Per2 expression is rhythmic, but Per1 expression becomes nearly arrhythmic as well as Per1 target genes, such as Dbp. No splicing alteration was observed in the brain. Mutant mice show a faster adaptation to experimental jet lag, which is consistent with the circadian splicing switch providing a buffering system against sudden light changes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Orthologs of U2af1l4 do not appear to exist in lower eukaryotes, Drosophila, C. elegans, plants, or vertebrates such as Xenopus or zebrafish (PubMed:11739736). Existence of splicing isoforms of U2af1l4 in human and rat is not yet proven.
messages: Produced by exon 7 skipping. Cytoplasm (PubMed:16819553). Shows a circadian expression at the mRNA level.
messages: Produced by exons 6 and 7 skipping. Produced by a circadian splicing switch in brain and liver. Contains a C-terminus domain with homology to Drosophila TIM (THD). Cytoplasmic. Shows a circadian expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Expression is quickly increased upon light exposure. Has a strongly reduced half-life compared to other isoforms.
messages: Produced by usage of an alternative 3' splice site in exon 8.
messages: RNA-binding protein that function as a pre-mRNA splicing factor. Plays a critical role in both constitutive and enhancer-dependent splicing by mediating protein-protein interactions and protein-RNA interactions required for accurate 3'-splice site selection. It can functionally substitute for U2AF1 in constitutive splicing and enhancer-dependent splicing. Acts by enhancing the binding of U2AF2 to weak pyrimidine tracts. Also participates in the regulation of alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Activates exon 5 skipping of PTPRC during T-cell activation; an event reversed by GFI1. Binds to RNA at the AG dinucleotide at the 3'-splice site. Shows a preference for AGC or AGA (PubMed:11739736, PubMed:16819553, PubMed:18460468). Alternative splicing of U2AF1L4 may play a role in connecting the circadian rhythm to changing external cues: may provide a circadian buffering system in central and periphery clocks that allows synchronized adaption to clock-resetting stimuli in order to prevent potentially pathogenic desynchronization (PubMed:24837677).
messages: The region 162-220 is essential for the nuclear import of the protein in spite of the absence of a nuclear localization signal (NLS). This region is essential for the interaction with C1QBP, interaction which is required for the nuclear translocation. This region may be involved in the localization in nuclear dot-like structures and it also confers the ability of nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling.
messages: The second zinc finger in necessary for interaction with GFI1 and for alternative pre-mRNA splicing events.
messages: Ubiquitous. Highly expressed in the brain.
messages: Up-regulated in response to T-cell activation (at protein level) (PubMed:16819553). Circadian alternative splicing switch accounts for rhythmic isoform expression. A circadian splicing switch produces isoform 3 in the brain cerebellum and liver (at protein level). Isoform 3 expression is regulated with the circadian rhythm but is also quickly increased upon light exposure (4-8 hours after light exposure). Expression of isoform 3 changes approximately 5-fold across a period of 24 hours, with concomitant changes in isoform 1, resulting in total U2af1l4 remaining constant (PubMed:24837677).

10090:Pparg
gene id: 10090:Pparg
uniprot id: M1VPI1
uniprot id: P37238
uniprot id: Q6GU14
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the aorta.
messages: Heterodimer with other nuclear receptors, such as RXRA. The heterodimer with the retinoic acid receptor RXRA is called adipocyte-specific transcription factor ARF6. Interacts with NCOA6 coactivator, leading to a strong increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with coactivator PPARBP, leading to a mild increase in transcription of target genes. Interacts with NOCA7 in a ligand-inducible manner. Interacts with NCOA1 and NCOA2 LXXLL motifs. Interacts with ASXL1, ASXL2, DNTTIP2, FAM120B, MAP2K1/MEK1, NR0B2, PDPK1, PRDM16, PRMT2 and TGFB1I1. Interacts (when activated by agonist) with PPP5C. Interacts with HELZ2 and THRAP3; the interaction stimulates the transcriptional activity of PPARG. Interacts with PER2, the interaction is ligand dependent and blocks PPARG recruitment to target promoters. Interacts with NOCT. Interacts with FOXO1 (acetylated form). Interacts with ACTN4 (By similarity). Interacts (when in the liganded conformation) with GPS2 (PubMed:25519902). Interacts with CRY1 and CRY2 in a ligand-dependent manner (PubMed:28683290). In the absence of hormonal ligand, interacts with TACC1 (PubMed:20078863).
messages: Heterodimer with other nuclear receptors.
messages: Highest expression in white and brown adipose tissue. Also found in liver, skeletal muscle, heart, adrenal gland, spleen, kidney and intestine. Isoform 2 is more abundant than isoform 1 in adipose tissue.
messages: It appears first at 13.5 dpc and increases until birth.
messages: Mice develop abnormalities in circadian variations in blood pressure and heart rate, in parallel with a reduction of diurnal variations in the sympathetic nerve activity, and impaired rhythmicity of BMAL1 in the blood vessels.
messages: Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. ARF6 acts as a key regulator of the tissue-specific adipocyte P2 (aP2) enhancer. Acts as a critical regulator of gut homeostasis by suppressing NF-kappa-B-mediated pro-inflammatory responses. Plays a role in the regulation of cardiovascular circadian rhythms by regulating the transcription of BMAL1 in the blood vessels (PubMed:19041764).
messages: Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE) and modulates the transcription of its target genes, such as acyl-CoA oxidase. It therefore controls the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and glucose homeostasis. May play a role in the regulation of circadian rhythm.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-84 reduces transcriptional activity in adipocytes.
messages: PDPK1 activates its transcriptional activity independently of its kinase activity.
messages: Phosphorylated in basal conditions and dephosphorylated when treated with the ligand. May be dephosphorylated by PPP5C. The phosphorylated Ser-112 form is recognized by PER2 and repressed, dephosphorylation at Ser-112 induces adipogenic activity. Ser-112 phosphorylation levels are reduced by 65% in brown adipose tissue compared to white adipose tissue.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.

10090:Ankrd17
gene id: 10090:Ankrd17
uniprot id: Q99NH0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Could play pivotal roles in cell cycle and DNA regulation. Involved in innate immune defense against viruse by positively regulating the viral dsRNA receptors RIGI and IFIH1 signaling pathways. Involves in NOD2- and NOD1-mediated responses to bacteria suggesting a role in innate antibacterial immune pathways too. Could play a central role for the formation and/or maintenance of the blood vessels of the circulation system (PubMed:19619540).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice display embryonic lethality during organogenesis with hemorrhages, impaired vascular smooth muscle cell development, impaired vascular integrity and growth retardation.
messages: Expressed at 8.0-8.5 dpc in the foregut endoderm and at 9.5 dpc in cells migrating into the septum transversum. At 10.5 dpc, highly expressed exclusively in the fetal liver. From 10.5 dpc, expressed in the developing liver throughout gestation and in neonates. At 17.5 dpc, detected in the dorsal root ganglia of the peripheral nervous system.
messages: Highly expressed in fetal liver. Detected in adult liver cells, ovarian oocytes, seminiferous tubules of the testes and pelvic region of the kidney. It was not detected in heart, gut, lung, spleen and skeletal muscle. Earliest specific in situ marker of hepatic differentiation during embryogenesis, useful for characterization of inductive events involved in hepatic specification.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with NOD2. Interacts with CDK2, MCM3, MCM5, MCM7, CDC6 and PCNA. Interacts with MAVS and IFIH1. Interacts (via the second ankyrin repeat cluster) with RIGI.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK2.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.

10090:Kat8
gene id: 10090:Kat8
uniprot id: Q9D1P2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoacetylation at Lys-274 is required for binding histone H4 with high affinity and for proper function.
messages: Belongs to the MYST (SAS/MOZ) family.
messages: Cerebrum-specific knockout of the gene resulted in impaired postnatal growth, hyperactive behavior, and early death. Analysis of mutant mice at various stages of embryonic development showed cerebral hypoplasia with defects in neocortical lamination, abnormal neuronal differentiation with decreased neuronal progenitor cells, and aberrant neuronal migration. These defects were associated with impaired cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, defective neurosphere formation in vitro, and decreased H4K16 propionylation and acetylation in the cerebrocortical neuroepithelium.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of a multisubunit histone acetyltransferase complex (MSL) at least composed of the MOF/KAT8, MSL1/hampin, MSL2L1 and MSL3L1 (By similarity). Component of the NSL complex at least composed of MOF/KAT8, KANSL1, KANSL2, KANSL3, MCRS1, PHF20, OGT1/OGT, WDR5 and HCFC1 (By similarity). Interacts with KANSL1; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BAP18, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, MOF/KAT8, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10 (By similarity). Interacts with the chromodomain of MORF4L1/MRG15 (By similarity). Interacts with ATM (via its Tudor-knot domain) (By similarity). Interacts with MSL1; the interaction is direct (PubMed:21217699, PubMed:17335777). Interacts with MSL3 (By similarity). Interacts with NELFD (PubMed:17335777).
messages: Histone acetyltransferase which may be involved in transcriptional activation (PubMed:31794431). May influence the function of ATM. As part of the MSL complex it is involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 producing specifically H4K16ac (Probable). As part of the NSL complex it may be involved in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H4 on several lysine residues. That activity is less specific than the one of the MSL complex. Can also acetylate TP53/p53 at 'Lys-120' (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:H2al1f
gene id: 10090:H2al1f
uniprot id: Q5M8Q2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Atypical histone H2A which can replace conventional H2A in some nucleosomes and may play a role during spermatogenesis. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: In contrast to other H2A histones, it does not contain the conserved residues that are the target of post-translational modifications.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly enriched in step 12-16 spermatids and accumulate during late spermiogenesis, in condensing spermatids (PubMed:17261847). Remains present in mature spermatozoa isolated from epididymis (PubMed:17261847). Rapidly disappears from the paternal pericentric heterochromatin regions after sperm-egg fusion (PubMed:18703863).
messages: Testis-specific.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. May be incorporated into a proportion of nucleosomes, replacing one or more H2A molecules. Interacts with H2BC1/TH2B; preferentially dimerizes with H2BC1/TH2B to form nucleosomes (PubMed:17261847).

10090:Cdc25b
gene id: 10090:Cdc25b
uniprot id: P30306
uniprot id: Q3U535
uniprot id: Q9DBN8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MPI phosphatase family.
messages: Detected at the one-cell stage followed by a decrease in signal intensity at the two-cell stage. Detectable at higher level in the four-cell stage and expressed through the eight-cell, 16-cell and morula stages. Maximal expression at the blastocyst stage.
messages: Expressed predominantly in spleen, lung, heart, brain, intestine, and muscle.
messages: Functions as a dosage-dependent inducer in mitotic control. Tyrosine protein phosphatase required for progression of the cell cycle.
messages: Interacts with MAPK14 and 14-3-3 proteins.
messages: Phosphorylated by BRSK1 in vitro. Phosphorylated by CHEK1, which inhibits the activity of this protein. Phosphorylation at Ser-351 by AURKA might locally participate in the control of the onset of mitosis. Phosphorylation by MELK at Ser-167 promotes localization to the centrosome and the spindle poles during mitosis. Phosphorylation at Ser-321 and Ser-372 by MAPK14 is required for binding to 14-3-3 proteins (By similarity).
messages: Stimulated by B-type cyclins.
messages: Tyrosine protein phosphatase which functions as a dosage-dependent inducer of mitotic progression. Required for G2/M phases of the cell cycle progression and abscission during cytokinesis in a ECT2-dependent manner. Directly dephosphorylates CDK1 and stimulates its kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Anapc5
gene id: 10090:Anapc5
uniprot id: A0A0G2JDE8
uniprot id: A0A0G2JDM7
uniprot id: A0A0G2JE03
uniprot id: Q3TWF7
uniprot id: Q3U5Y4
uniprot id: Q3U981
uniprot id: Q3UFC2
uniprot id: Q8BTZ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APC5 family.
messages: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity).
messages: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5.
messages: spindle

10090:Zmym4
gene id: 10090:Zmym4
uniprot id: A2A791
names: Function
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization.

10090:Nudt16l1
gene id: 10090:Nudt16l1
uniprot id: Q8VHN8
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although strongly related to the nudix NUDT16 protein, lacks the Nudix box and is therefore not related to the rest of the family. Lacks a number of residues which are necessary for hydrolase activity and does not play a role in U8 snoRNA decapping activity.
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. TIRR subfamily.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:26100207). Interacts with TP53BP1 (via the Tudor-like domain); interaction is abolished following DNA damage and TP53BP1 phosphorylation by ATM (By similarity). Interacts (via the cytoplasmic part) with SDC4 (PubMed:11805099). Interacts with TGFB1I1 and PXN (PubMed:11805099).
messages: Key regulator of TP53BP1 required to stabilize TP53BP1 and regulate its recruitment to chromatin. In absence of DNA damage, interacts with the tandem Tudor-like domain of TP53BP1, masking the region that binds histone H4 dimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me2), thereby preventing TP53BP1 recruitment to chromatin and maintaining TP53BP1 localization to the nucleus. Following DNA damage, ATM-induced phosphorylation of TP53BP1 and subsequent recruitment of RIF1 leads to dissociate NUDT16L1/TIRR from TP53BP1, unmasking the tandem Tudor-like domain and allowing recruitment of TP53BP1 to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Binds U8 snoRNA.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Kcnh5
gene id: 10090:Kcnh5
uniprot id: Q920E3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. H (Eag) (TC 1.A.1.20) subfamily. Kv10.2/KCNH5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated potassium channel. Elicits a non-inactivating outward rectifying current (By similarity). Channel properties may be modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly.
messages: The potassium channel is probably composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming alpha subunits that can associate with modulating beta subunits. Heteromultimer with KCNH1/EAG (By similarity).
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Edem1
gene id: 10090:Edem1
uniprot id: Q925U4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Extracts misfolded glycoproteins, but not glycoproteins undergoing productive folding, from the calnexin cycle. It is directly involved in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and targets misfolded glycoproteins for degradation in an N-glycan-independent manner, probably by forming a complex with SEL1L. It has low mannosidase activity, catalyzing mannose trimming from Man8GlcNAc2 to Man7GlcNAc2.
messages: Interacts with DERL2 and DERL3. Binds to SEL1L (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC10.

10090:Jchain
gene id: 10090:Jchain
uniprot id: P01592
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Part of the secretory IgA (sIgA) complex that consists of two, four or five IgA monomers, and two additional non-Ig polypeptides, namely the JCHAIN and the secretory component (the proteoytic product of PIGR).
messages: Secreted
messages: Serves to link two monomer units of either IgM or IgA. In the case of IgM, the J chain-joined dimer is a nucleating unit for the IgM pentamer, and in the case of IgA it induces dimers and/or larger polymers. It also helps to bind these immunoglobulins to secretory component.

10090:Hyal4
gene id: 10090:Hyal4
uniprot id: L0MX76
uniprot id: Q05A56
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.
messages: Endo-hyaluronidase that degrades hyaluronan to smaller oligosaccharide fragments. Has also chondroitin sulfate hydrolase activity, The best substrate being the galactosaminidic linkage in the sequence of a trisulfated tetrasaccharide (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Adam26b
gene id: 10090:Adam26b
uniprot id: Q6IMH6
uniprot id: Q9CUI8
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Rnf169
gene id: 10090:Rnf169
uniprot id: E9Q7F2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNF169 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with DYRK1B.
messages: Phosphorylated by DYRK1A; phosphorylation increases RNF169 ability to block accumulation of TP53BP1 at the DSB sites.
messages: Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair following DNA damage. Functions in a non-canonical fashion to harness RNF168-mediated protein recruitment to DSB-containing chromatin, thereby contributing to regulation of DSB repair pathway utilization. Once recruited to DSB repair sites by recognizing and binding ubiquitin catalyzed by RNF168, competes with TP53BP1 and BRCA1 for association with RNF168-modified chromatin, thereby favouring homologous recombination repair (HRR) and single-strand annealing (SSA) instead of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mediated by TP53BP1. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is not required for regulation of DSBs repair.
messages: The MIU motif (motif interacting with ubiquitin) mediates the interaction with both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. The UMI motif also mediates interaction with ubiquitin. The specificity for different types of ubiquitin is mediated by juxtaposition of ubiquitin-binding motifs (MIU and UMI motifs) with LR motifs (LRMs).
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Slc35a3
gene id: 10090:Slc35a3
uniprot id: Q8R1T4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35A subfamily.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with SLC35A2; the interaction is reduced in the presence of SLC35A4 (By similarity). Found in a complex with SLC35A2 and SLC35A4 (By similarity).
messages: Uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) transporter in the Golgi apparatus. May supply UDP-GlcNAc as substrate for Golgi-resident glycosyltransferases that generate branching of diantennary oligosaccharides (By similarity).

10090:Agfg1
gene id: 10090:Agfg1
uniprot id: Q8K2K6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Contains FG repeats.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Highly expressed during spermiogenesis.
messages: Interacts with FCHO1 (By similarity). Interacts with EPS15R and EPS15.
messages: Mice have a normal life-span and show no apparent abnormalities. Females display normal fertility but males are infertile due to a lack of acrosome in their spermatozoa.
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Required for vesicle docking or fusion during acrosome biogenesis. May play a role in RNA trafficking or localization.

10090:Mup2
gene id: 10090:Mup2
uniprot id: A2AKN9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccdc93
gene id: 10090:Ccdc93
uniprot id: E9QAD4
uniprot id: Q7TQK5
uniprot id: Q8BUE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC93 family.
messages: Component of the CCC complex, which is involved in the regulation of endosomal recycling of surface proteins, including integrins, signaling receptor and channels. The CCC complex associates with SNX17, retriever and WASH complexes to prevent lysosomal degradation and promote cell surface recycling of numerous cargos such as integrins ITGA5:ITGB1. Involved in copper-dependent ATP7A trafficking between the trans-Golgi network and vesicles in the cell periphery; the function is proposed to depend on its association within the CCC complex and cooperation with the WASH complex on early endosomes and is dependent on its interaction with WASHC2C.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Interacts with COMMD1, COMMD2 COMMD3, COMMD4, COMMD5, COMMD6, COMMD7, COMMD8, COMMD9, COMMD10, WASHC1. Interacts directly with WASHC2C. Interacts with CCDC93; proposed to be a component of the CCC (COMMD/CCDC22/CCDC93) complex which contains at least COMMD1 (and possibly other COMM domain-containing proteins), CCDC22 and CCDC93; in the complex interacts directly with CCDC22. Interacts with VPS35L; associates with the retriever complex. Interacts with SNX17 and SNX31.

10090:Utp23
gene id: 10090:Utp23
uniprot id: Q9CX11
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UTP23/FCF1 family. UTP23 subfamily.
messages: Involved in rRNA-processing and ribosome biogenesis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Fcrl6
gene id: 10090:Fcrl6
uniprot id: A1YIY0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a MHC class II receptor. When stimulated on its own, does not play a role in cytokine production or the release of cytotoxic granules by NK cells and cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells. Does not act as an Fc receptor.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with class II MHC.

10090:Trib2
gene id: 10090:Trib2
uniprot id: Q8K4K3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Tribbles subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MAPK kinases and regulates activation of MAP kinases. Does not display kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Krt27
gene id: 10090:Krt27
uniprot id: Q9Z320
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for the proper assembly of type I and type II keratin protein complexes and formation of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (irs).
messages: Expressed in skin. Expressed in the Henle layer and cuticle of the irs in hair follicle bulb. In the hair follicle, expression was observed in all layers of the irs but was stronger in the Henle layer and cuticle than the Huxley layer until the Henle layer differentiated (at protein level).
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Interacts with KRT6A to form filaments.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

10090:Usp17le
gene id: 10090:Usp17le
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS33
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes.

10090:Faxc
gene id: 10090:Faxc
uniprot id: Q3UMF9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAX family.
messages: May play a role in axonal development.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pik3r3
gene id: 10090:Pik3r3
uniprot id: Q3UXE9
uniprot id: Q64143
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PI3K p85 subunit family.
messages: Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases through its SH2 domain and regulates their kinase activity. During insulin stimulation, it also binds to IRS-1.
messages: Heterodimer of a regulatory subunit PIK3R3 and a p110 catalytic subunit (PIK3CA, PIK3CB or PIK3CD). Interacts with AXL (By similarity).
messages: Highest levels in brain and testis. Lower levels in adipose tissue, kidney, heart, lung and skeletal muscle. Barely detectable in liver and spleen.

10090:Zdhhc22
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc22
uniprot id: A0PK84
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with CNN3.
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that could catalyze the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and be involved in a variety of cellular processes (By similarity). Catalyzes the palmitoylation of KCNMA1, regulating localization of KCNMA1 to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Might also mediate palmitoylation of CNN3 (Probable).
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Fn3krp
gene id: 10090:Fn3krp
uniprot id: Q8K274
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the fructosamine kinase family.
messages: Ketosamine-3-kinase involved in protein deglycation by mediating phosphorylation of ribuloselysine and psicoselysine on glycated proteins, to generate ribuloselysine-3 phosphate and psicoselysine-3 phosphate, respectively (PubMed:14633848). Ribuloselysine-3 phosphate and psicoselysine-3 phosphate adducts are unstable and decompose under physiological conditions (PubMed:14633848). Not able to phosphorylate fructoselysine (PubMed:14633848).
messages: The ATP-binding domain is structurally related to aminoglycoside phosphotransferase family.

10090:Rps7
gene id: 10090:Rps7
uniprot id: P62082
uniprot id: Q4FZE6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS7 family.
messages: Binds IPO9 with high affinity (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Interacts with DESI2 (By similarity). Interacts with IPO5, IPO7 and KPNB1; these interactions may be involved in RPS7 nuclear import for the assembly of ribosomal subunits (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by NEK6.
messages: Required for rRNA maturation.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Deubiquitinated by DESI2, leading to its stabilization.
messages: centrosome

10090:Lmo1
gene id: 10090:Lmo1
uniprot id: Q924W9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the brain and not in the thymus.
messages: May be involved in gene regulation within neural lineage cells potentially by direct DNA binding or by binding to other transcription factors.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Agpat2
gene id: 10090:Agpat2
uniprot id: Q059U0
uniprot id: Q8K3K7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone.
messages: Down-regulated in the heart by clofibrate, a PPAR-alpha agonist.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in the liver, at intermediate levels in the kidney, gut, heart and skeletal muscles. Undetectable in brain and spleen.
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.

10090:Chad
gene id: 10090:Chad
uniprot id: O55226
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class IV subfamily.
messages: Cartilage.
messages: Mostly monomeric. Interacts with collagen type II (By similarity).
messages: Promotes attachment of chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. This binding is mediated (at least for chondrocytes and fibroblasts) by the integrin alpha(2)beta(1). May play an important role in the regulation of chondrocyte growth and proliferation (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Kank4
gene id: 10090:Kank4
uniprot id: Q6P9J5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be involved in the control of cytoskeleton formation by regulating actin polymerization.

10090:Gm39566
gene id: 10090:Gm39566
uniprot id: A0A1B0GT45
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdk12
gene id: 10090:Cdk12
uniprot id: Q14AX6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cyclin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II (POLR2A), thereby acting as a key regulator of transcription elongation. Regulates the expression of genes involved in DNA repair and is required for the maintenance of genomic stability. Preferentially phosphorylates 'Ser-5' in CTD repeats that are already phosphorylated at 'Ser-7', but can also phosphorylate 'Ser-2'. Required for RNA splicing, possibly by phosphorylating SRSF1/SF2. Involved in regulation of MAP kinase activity, possibly leading to affect the response to estrogen inhibitors.
messages: Interacts with CCNL1 and CCNL2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-889 increases kinase activity.

10090:Ldlrap1
gene id: 10090:Ldlrap1
uniprot id: Q8C142
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein (clathrin-associated sorting protein (CLASP)) required for efficient endocytosis of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in polarized cells such as hepatocytes and lymphocytes, but not in non-polarized cells (fibroblasts). May be required for LDL binding and internalization but not for receptor clustering in coated pits. May facilitate the endocytosis of LDLR and LDLR-LDL complexes from coated pits by stabilizing the interaction between the receptor and the structural components of the pits. May also be involved in the internalization of other LDLR family members. Binds to phosphoinositides, which regulate clathrin bud assembly at the cell surface. Required for trafficking of LRP2 to the endocytic recycling compartment which is necessary for LRP2 proteolysis, releasing a tail fragment which translocates to the nucleus and mediates transcriptional repression (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via PID domain) with LDLR (via NPXY motif). Binds to soluble clathrin trimers. Interacts with AP2B1; the interaction mediates the association with the AP-2 complex (By similarity). Interacts with VLDLR (PubMed:12746448). Interacts with LRP2 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are extremely sensitive to cholesterol intake. LDLR are expressed at normal levels, but are sequestered at the hepatocyte surface. LDL internalization defect is caused by the inability of the LDLR to enter the endocytic cycle.
messages: The PID domain mediates interaction with the NPXY internalization motif of LDLR.
messages: The [DE]-X(1,2)-F-X-X-[FL]-X-X-X-R motif mediates interaction the AP-2 complex subunit AP2B1.

10090:Shc3
gene id: 10090:Shc3
uniprot id: Q61120
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with the Trk receptors in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner. Once activated, binds to GRB2. Interacts with activated EGF receptors (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in the adult brain.
messages: Signaling adapter that couples activated growth factor receptors to signaling pathway in neurons. Involved in the signal transduction pathways of neurotrophin-activated Trk receptors in cortical neurons (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated.

10090:Senp7
gene id: 10090:Senp7
uniprot id: E9Q1L5
uniprot id: Q8BUH8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C48 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Protease that acts as a positive regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway by catalyzing desumoylation of CGAS (PubMed:28095500). Desumoylation of CGAS promotes DNA-binding activity of CGAS, subsequent oligomerization and activation (PubMed:28095500). Deconjugates SUMO2 and SUMO3 from targeted proteins, but not SUMO1 (By similarity). Catalyzes the deconjugation of poly-SUMO2 and poly-SUMO3 chains (By similarity). Has very low efficiency in processing full-length SUMO proteins to their mature forms (By similarity).

10090:Supt5
gene id: 10090:Supt5
uniprot id: O55201
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPT5 family.
messages: Component of the DRB sensitivity-inducing factor complex (DSIF complex), which regulates mRNA processing and transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. DSIF positively regulates mRNA capping by stimulating the mRNA guanylyltransferase activity of RNGTT/CAP1A. DSIF also acts cooperatively with the negative elongation factor complex (NELF complex) to enhance transcriptional pausing at sites proximal to the promoter. Transcriptional pausing may facilitate the assembly of an elongation competent RNA polymerase II complex. DSIF and NELF promote pausing by inhibition of the transcription elongation factor TFIIS/S-II. TFIIS/S-II binds to RNA polymerase II at transcription pause sites and stimulates the weak intrinsic nuclease activity of the enzyme. Cleavage of blocked transcripts by RNA polymerase II promotes the resumption of transcription from the new 3' terminus and may allow repeated attempts at transcription through natural pause sites (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SUPT4H1 to form DSIF. DSIF interacts with the positive transcription elongation factor b complex (P-TEFb complex), which is composed of CDK9 and cyclin-T (CCNT1 or CCNT2). DSIF interacts with RNA polymerase II, and this interaction is reduced by phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of POLR2A by P-TEFb. DSIF also interacts with the NELF complex, which is composed of NELFA, NELFB, NELFD and NELFE, and this interaction occurs following prior binding of DSIF to RNA polymerase II. Also interacts with PRMT1/HRMT1L2, HTATSF1/TATSF1, RNGTT/CAP1A, PRMT5/SKB1, SUPT6H, and can interact with PIN1. Component of a complex which is at least composed of HTATSF1/Tat-SF1, the P-TEFb complex components CDK9 and CCNT1, RNA polymerase II, SUPT5H, and NCL/nucleolin (By similarity). Interacts with MCM3AP (By similarity).
messages: Methylated by PRMT1/HRMT1L2 and PRMT5/SKB1. Methylation negatively regulates interaction with P-TEFb and RNA polymerase II (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK7 and CDK9. Phosphorylation by P-TEFb alleviates transcriptional pausing. Phosphorylation may also stimulate interaction with PIN1. Bulk phosphorylation occurs predominantly in mitosis (By similarity).

10090:Olfr432
gene id: 10090:Olfr432
uniprot id: E9Q8M2
uniprot id: Q3KPC8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Klhdc1
gene id: 10090:Klhdc1
uniprot id: Q80YG3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of a CRL5 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, also named ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) complex, composed of CUL5, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and substrate-specific adapter KLHDC1.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of a Cul5-RING (CRL5) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which recognizes a C-degron located at the extreme C terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation. The C-degron recognized by the DesCEND pathway is usually a motif of less than ten residues and can be present in full-length proteins, truncated proteins or proteolytically cleaved forms. The CRL5(KLHDC1) complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of truncated SELENOS selenoprotein produced by failed UGA/Sec decoding, which ends with a glycine.
messages: cytosol

10090:Cnot4
gene id: 10090:Cnot4
uniprot id: Q8BT14
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, promoting ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins. Involved in activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Catalyzes ubiquitination of methylated RBM15. Plays a role in quality control of translation of mitochondrial outer membrane-localized mRNA. As part of the PINK1-regulated signaling, upon mitochondria damage, ubiquitinates ABCE1 and thereby recruits autophagy receptors to the mitochondrial outer membrane to initiate mitophagy.
messages: Interacts with CNOT1 via its C-terminus but does not stably associate with the CCR4-NOT complex. Interacts (via RING domain) with UBE2D2. Interacts with ABCE1, PINK1 and PELO.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Defb3
gene id: 10090:Defb3
uniprot id: Q9WTL0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria E.coli and P.aeruginosa.
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family. LAP/TAP subfamily.
messages: By bacterial infection.
messages: Highest expression in salivary glands, epididymis, ovary and pancreas and to a lesser extent in lung, liver and brain. Low or no expression in skeletal muscle and tongue.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hmgn1
gene id: 10090:Hmgn1
uniprot id: P18608
uniprot id: Q8CEW1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HMGN family.
messages: Binds to the inner side of the nucleosomal DNA thus altering the interaction between the DNA and the histone octamer. May be involved in the process which maintains transcribable genes in a unique chromatin conformation. Inhibits the phosphorylation of nucleosomal histones H3 and H2A by RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA3/RSK2.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with transcriptional regulator SEHBP.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation favors cytoplasmic localization (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Ser-20 and Ser-24 weakens binding to nucleosomes and increases the rate of H3 phosphorylation.

10090:Pcdhgb4
gene id: 10090:Pcdhgb4
uniprot id: Q91XX6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Ier5
gene id: 10090:Ier5
uniprot id: O89113
uniprot id: Q3UJ54
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IER family.
messages: By serum and growth factors.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Associates with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase PP2A. Interacts (via N- and C-terminal regions) with PPP2R2B. Interacts with PPP2R2A, PPP2R2C and PPP2R2D. Interacts (via N-terminus) with RPS6KB1. Interacts (via central region) with HSF1; this interaction promotes PPP2CA-induced HSF1 dephosphorylation, leading to enhanced HSF1 transcriptional activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role as a transcription factor. Mediates positive transcriptional regulation of several chaperone gene during the heat shock response in a HSF1-dependent manner. Mediates negative transcriptional regulation of CDC25B expression. Plays a role in the dephosphorylation of the heat shock factor HSF1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) by the protein phosphatase PP2A. Involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and resistance to thermal stress. Involved in the cell cycle checkpoint and survival in response to ionizing radiation. Associates with chromatin to the CDC25B promoter.

10090:H2-T24
gene id: 10090:H2-T24
uniprot id: F8VQG4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mtx3
gene id: 10090:Mtx3
uniprot id: D3YTP3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the metaxin family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Tmem204
gene id: 10090:Tmem204
uniprot id: Q7TQI0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Can influence paracellular permeability. Appears to be involved in cell-cell interactions through adherens (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: adherens junction

10090:Nmt2
gene id: 10090:Nmt2
uniprot id: A2AJH3
uniprot id: F7APP3
uniprot id: O70311
uniprot id: Q3THR4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular and viral proteins. Also able to mediate N-terminal lysine myristoylation of proteins: catalyzes myristoylation of ARF6 on both 'Gly-2' and 'Lys-3'. Lysine myristoylation is required to maintain ARF6 on membranes during the GTPase cycle.
messages: Adds a myristoyl group to the N-terminal glycine residue of certain cellular proteins.
messages: Belongs to the NMT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Membrane

10090:Trp73
gene id: 10090:Trp73
uniprot id: Q9D6A3
uniprot id: Q9JJP2
uniprot id: Z4YK94
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated and stabilized by interaction with RANBP9.
messages: Belongs to the p53 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a complex with p53/TP53 and CABLES1.
messages: Found in a complex with p53/TP53 and CABLES1. The C-terminal oligomerization domain binds to the ABL1 tyrosine kinase SH3 domain. Interacts with HECW2, HIPK2, RANBP9 and WWOX (By similarity). Interacts (via SAM domain) with FBXO45 (via B30.2/SPRY domain) (By similarity). Interacts with YAP1 (phosphorylated form) (By similarity). Interacts with HCK (via SH3 domain); this inhibits TP73 activity and degradation (By similarity). Interacts (via SAM domain) with NQO1; this interaction is NADH-dependent, stabilizes TP73 in response to oxidative stress and protects it from ubiquitin-independent degradation by the 20S proteasome.
messages: Found in striatal neurons of mutant huntingtin (htt) transgenic mice (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the nasal epithelium, the vomeronasal organ, the hippocampus and the hypothalamus.
messages: Mice lacking Tp73 display a runting phenotype and high rates of mortality due to massive gastrointestinal hemorrhages or intracranial bleeding. The gastrointestinal tract suffers loss of enterocytes and excessive mucosecretions in the duodenum, ileum and cecum. Survivors exhibit hippocampal dysgenesis, hydrocephalus, chronic infections and inflammation, as well as abnormalities in pheromone sensory pathways.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Isoforms containing the transactivation domain are pro-apoptotic, isoforms lacking the domain are anti-apoptotic and block the function of p53 and transactivating p73 isoforms. May be a tumor suppressor protein.
messages: Participates in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Isoforms containing the transactivation domain are pro-apoptotic, isoforms lacking the domain are anti-apoptotic and block the function of p53 and transactivating p73 isoforms. May be a tumor suppressor protein. Is an activator of FOXJ1 expression, essential for the positive regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation (PubMed:26947080).
messages: Phosphorylation by PLK1 and PLK3 inhibits the transcription regulator activity and pro-apoptotic function (By similarity). Higher levels of phosphorylation seen in striatal neurons of. mutant huntingtin (htt) transgenic mice.
messages: Polyubiquitinated by RCHY1/PIRH2; leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Possesses an acidic transactivation domain, a central DNA binding domain and a C-terminal oligomerization domain that binds to the ABL1 tyrosine kinase SH3 domain.
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform 2.
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-622, which potentiates proteasomal degradation but does not affect transcriptional activity.
messages: The PPxY motif mediates interaction with WWOX.

10090:Pcsk5
gene id: 10090:Pcsk5
uniprot id: Q04592
uniprot id: Q91VK0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AC 1 and AC 2 (clusters of acidic amino acids) contain sorting information. AC 1 directs TGN localization and interacts with the TGN sorting protein PACS-1.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: PC5A is expressed in most tissues but is most abundant in the intestine and adrenals. PC5B is expressed in the intestine, adrenals and lung but not in the brain.
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine endoprotease that processes various proproteins by cleavage at paired basic amino acids, recognizing the RXXX[KR]R consensus motif. Likely functions in the constitutive and regulated secretory pathways. Plays an essential role in pregnancy establishment by proteolytic activation of a number of important factors such as BMP2, CALD1 and alpha-integrins. May be responsible for the maturation of gastrointestinal peptides. May be involved in the cellular proliferation of adrenal cortex via the activation of growth factors.
messages: The propeptide domain acts as an intramolecular chaperone assisting the folding of the zymogen within the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Weakly expressed throughout the embryo, except in the developing nervous system, the ribs and the liver, but markedly up-regulated at discrete sites during development. At 6.5 dpc, prominent expression observed in differentiated decidua. At 7.5 dpc, intense expression in extraembryonic endoderm, amnion and nascent mesoderm. At 8.5 dpc, abundant expression in somites and yolk sac followed by a confinement to dermamyotome compartment. Between 9.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc, abundant expression in AER (thickened ectodermal cells of limb buds). At 12.5 dpc, expression in the limbs is confined to the condensing mesenchyme surrounding the cartilage. At this stage, strong expression also detected in vertebral and facial cartilage primordia and in the muscle of the tongue. At 16.5 dpc, abundant expression in epithelial cells of the intestinal villi. Isoform A is most abundant at all stages but significant levels of isoform B occur at 12.5 dpc.

10090:Glra3
gene id: 10090:Glra3
uniprot id: G5E811
uniprot id: Q91XP5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Glycine receptor (TC 1.A.9.3) subfamily. GLRA3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brainstem, also in neurons that control rhythmic breathing (PubMed:20978350). Detected in superficial laminae of the dorsal horn of the thoracic spinal cord (PubMed:15131310). Detected in dentate gyrus in hippocampus, especially in stratum granulare (PubMed:19723286). Detected in the inner plexiform layer in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:12975813). Detected in midbrain, thalamus, brain cortex, hippocampus, and at lower levels in cerebellum (PubMed:19723286).
messages: Glycine receptors are ligand-gated chloride channels. Channel opening is triggered by extracellular glycine (PubMed:15131310, PubMed:20978350). Channel characteristics depend on the subunit composition; heteropentameric channels display faster channel closure (By similarity). Plays an important role in the down-regulation of neuronal excitability. Contributes to the generation of inhibitory postsynaptic currents (PubMed:15131310). Contributes to increased pain perception in response to increased prostaglandin E2 levels (PubMed:15131310). Plays a role in the regulation of breathing rhythm, especially of the duration of the postinspiratory phase (PubMed:20978350). Plays a role in cellular responses to ethanol (By similarity).
messages: Homopentamer (in vitro) (By similarity). Heteropentamer composed of GLRA3 and GLRB. Both homopentamers and heteropentamers form functional ion channels, but their characteristics are subtly different (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by prostaglandin E2, probably via PKA-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-379 (PubMed:15131310).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, appear normal and are fertile. They do not display notable alterations in motor coordination and startle response, or other neuromotor defects. Glycinergic postsynaptic inhibitory currents in spinal cord appear unchanged, but are not inhibited by prostaglandin E2, contrary to what is observed with wild-type. Basal nociception is unchanged, but contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display increased sensitivity to pain after prostaglandin E2 injection. Likewise, they show a more rapid decrease of the increased pain sensitivity caused by agents that cause local inflammation, such as subcutaneous zymosan injection (PubMed:15131310). Mutant mice display altered phrenic nerve activity, resulting in an irregular breathing rhythm that affects especially the duration of the postinspiratory phase. Contrary to wild-type, their respiratory rhythm is not accelerated by serotonin (PubMed:20978350).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA; this causes down-regulation of channel activity. Dephosphorylated in response to activation of HTR1A signaling; this increases channel activity (PubMed:20978350).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synapse
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: The N-terminal domain carries structural determinants essential for agonist and antagonist binding. The channel pore is formed by pentameric assembly of the second transmembrane domain from all five subunits. The cytoplasmic loop is an important determinant of channel inactivation kinetics.
messages: The alpha subunit binds strychnine.
messages: dendrite

10090:Rala
gene id: 10090:Rala
uniprot id: P63321
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Alternates between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP).
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Interacts (via effector domain) with RALBP1; during mitosis, recruits RALBP1 to the mitochondrion where it promotes DNM1L phosphorylation and mitochondrial fission (By similarity). Interacts with EXOC2/Sec5 and EXOC8/Exo84; binding to EXOC2 and EXOC8 is mutually exclusive. Interacts with Clostridium exoenzyme C3. Interacts with RALGPS1. Interacts with LPAR1 and LPAR2. Interacts with GRK2 in response to LPAR1 activation. RALA and GRK2 binding to LPAR1 is mutually exclusive (By similarity). Interacts with CDC42 (By similarity).
messages: Midbody ring
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles. Key regulator of LPAR1 signaling and competes with GRK2 for binding to LPAR1 thus affecting the signaling properties of the receptor. Required for anchorage-independent proliferation of transformed cells (By similarity). The RALA-exocyst complex regulates integrin-dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling (PubMed:20005108). During mitosis, supports the stabilization and elongation of the intracellular bridge between dividing cells. Cooperates with EXOC2 to recruit other components of the exocyst to the early midbody (By similarity). During mitosis, also controls mitochondrial fission by recruiting to the mitochondrion RALBP1, which mediates the phosphorylation and activation of DNM1L by the mitotic kinase cyclin B-CDK1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-194 by AURKA/Aurora kinase A, during mitosis, induces RALA localization to the mitochondrion where it regulates mitochondrial fission.
messages: Prenylation is essential for membrane localization.

10090:Ube2z
gene id: 10090:Ube2z
uniprot id: Q3UE37
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to other proteins. Specific substrate for UBA6, not charged with ubiquitin by UBE1. May be involved in apoptosis regulation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Msl3
gene id: 10090:Msl3
uniprot id: Q9WVG9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the MSL histone acetyltransferase complex at least composed of the KAT8/MOF, MSL1/hampin, MSL2 and MSL3. Interacts (via the MRG domain) with MSL1 and KAT8/MOF (PubMed:21217699).
messages: Has a role in chromatin remodeling and transcriptional regulation. Has a role in X inactivation. Component of the MSL complex which is responsible for the majority of histone H4 acetylation at 'Lys-16' which is implicated in the formation of higher-order chromatin structure. Specifically recognizes histone H4 monomethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20Me1) in a DNA-dependent manner and is proposed to be involved in chromosomal targeting of the MSL complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cetn1
gene id: 10090:Cetn1
uniprot id: P41209
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the centrin family.
messages: Binds two moles of calcium per mole of protein.
messages: Expressed in testis. Localizes to the caudal portion of spermatozoa in seminiferous tubule and epididymis (PubMed:10486202). Expressed in retina photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:30120214).
messages: First expressed at 14 days postpartum (dpp). Levels increase dramatically between 14 dpp and 17 dpp.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with PIFO (PubMed:20643351).
messages: Plays a fundamental role in microtubule-organizing center structure and function (By similarity). Plays a role in sperm cilia formation (PubMed:27530713).
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium

10090:Ppp1r9b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r9b
uniprot id: Q6R891
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possibly exists as a homodimer, homotrimer or a homotetramer. Interacts with F-actin, PPP1CA, neurabin-1, TGN38 and D(2) dopamine receptor. Interacts with RGS1, RGS2, RGS4, RGS19 and ADRA1B, ADRA2A, ADRA2B, ADRA2C, CDKN2A, PPP1R2, RASGFR1 and TIAM1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SPATA13 (via C-terminal tail) (By similarity). Interacts with DCLK2. Interacts with ADRA2B (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Seems to act as a scaffold protein in multiple signaling pathways. Modulates excitatory synaptic transmission and dendritic spine morphology. Binds to actin filaments (F-actin) and shows cross-linking activity. Binds along the sides of the F-actin. May play an important role in linking the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane at the synaptic junction. Believed to target protein phosphatase 1/PP1 to dendritic spines, which are rich in F-actin, and regulates its specificity toward ion channels and other substrates, such as AMPA-type and NMDA-type glutamate receptors. Plays a role in regulation of G-protein coupled receptor signaling, including dopamine D2 receptors and alpha-adrenergic receptors. May establish a signaling complex for dopaminergic neurotransmission through D2 receptors by linking receptors downstream signaling molecules and the actin cytoskeleton. Binds to ADRA1B and RGS2 and mediates regulation of ADRA1B signaling. May confer to Rac signaling specificity by binding to both, RacGEFs and Rac effector proteins. Probably regulates p70 S6 kinase activity by forming a complex with TIAM1. Required for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced cell migration (By similarity).
messages: Stimulation of D1 (but not D2) dopamine receptors induces Ser-94 phosphorylation. Dephosphorylation of Ser-94 is mediated mainly by PP1 and to a lesser extent by PP2A. Phosphorylation of spinophilin disrupts its association with F-actin, but does not affect its binding to PP1 (By similarity).
messages: The PP1 binding region is natively unstructured, upon PP1 binding, it acquires structure, blocks a substrate-binding site, and restricts PP1 phosphatase specificity to a subset of substrates.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendritic spine
messages: filopodium
messages: lamellipodium
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Spata6
gene id: 10090:Spata6
uniprot id: Q3U6K5
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SPATA6 family.
messages: Interacts with MYL6.
messages: Knockout experiments to inactivate Spata6 were first attempted but were unsuccessful, because chimeras did not transmit the targeted allele to their progeny, generating high-percentage of lethality for chimeric embryos (PubMed:12771232). This suggests that genes other than Spata6 may have been targeted or affected in this study (PubMed:25605924).
messages: Male are sterile due to disruption of sperm connecting piece formation, leading to acephalic spermatozoa in the epididymis and ejaculates.
messages: Required for formation of the sperm connecting piece during spermiogenesis. Sperm connecting piece is essential for linking the developing flagellum to the head during late spermiogenesis (PubMed:12771232, PubMed:25605924). May be involved in myosin-based microfilament transport through interaction with myosin subunits (PubMed:25605924).
messages: Secreted
messages: Specifically expressed in developing spermatids and mature spermatozoa (at protein level) (PubMed:25605924). Isoform 1 is weakly expressed in testis, ovary, thymus and placenta. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are testis-specific. Expression isw higher in spermatids than in spermatocytes and spermatogonia (PubMed:12771232).
messages: Weak expression of isoform 1 is seen throughout testicular development. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 could not be detected until postnatal day 15. Expressed from postnatal day 20, and thereafter increased. Expressed in blastocysts and in embryos from 8.5 dpc-12.5 dpc. After 13.5 dpc, the level of expression decreases. Expressed at 9.5-10.5 dpc in the neural tube, in somites and limb buds.
messages: flagellum

10090:Tcp11l2
gene id: 10090:Tcp11l2
uniprot id: Q8K1H7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCP11 family.

10090:Spock1
gene id: 10090:Spock1
uniprot id: B2RXY1
uniprot id: Q6DIC9
uniprot id: Q8BKQ3
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Vmn1r2
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r2
uniprot id: A2AMT6
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Uqcc2
gene id: 10090:Uqcc2
uniprot id: Q9CQY6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with UQCC1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Required for the assembly of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase complex (mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III or cytochrome b-c1 complex). Plays a role in the modulation of respiratory chain activities such as oxygen consumption and ATP production and via its modulation of the respiratory chain activity can regulate skeletal muscle differentiation and insulin secretion by pancreatic beta-cells. Involved in cytochrome b translation and/or stability.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in brain, liver, kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, thymus, testis and pancreas (at protein level).
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Slc25a43
gene id: 10090:Slc25a43
uniprot id: A2A3V2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Kifc1
gene id: 10090:Kifc1
uniprot id: Q9QWT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. NCD subfamily.
messages: Binds NUBP1 and NUBP2 (PubMed:16638812). Interacts with PPP1R42 (PubMed:18237440).
messages: Centrosome amplification as well as multipolar spindles. Cells overexpressing Kifc1 show a single microtubule aster and growth arrest in prometaphase.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Highly expressed in 14 dpc embryos, spleen and NIH3T3 cells. Also expressed in testis, brain, lung, kidney and cultured astrocytes. Very low levels in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Highly expressed in hippocampus of 13 dpc embryos declining to low levels by 18 dpc and to undetectable levels in juvenile and adult hippocampus.
messages: Minus end-directed microtubule-dependent motor required for bipolar spindle formation (PubMed:16638812). May contribute to movement of early endocytic vesicles (PubMed:17360972). Regulates cilium formation and structure (PubMed:23807208).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Purified early endocytic vesicles bind minus end-directed Kifc1 as well as plus end-directed Kif5b. Addition of anti-Kifc1 antibodies leads to a decrease in minus end-directed vesicle motility in vitro.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Neil3
gene id: 10090:Neil3
uniprot id: Q8K203
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FPG family.
messages: By mitogen stimulation in splenocytes, and by hypoxic-ischemic injury in the striatum and hippocampus.
messages: Chromosome
messages: DNA glycosylase which prefers single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), or partially ssDNA structures such as bubble and fork structures, to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). Mediates interstrand cross-link repair in response to replication stress: acts by mediating DNA glycosylase activity, cleaving one of the two N-glycosyl bonds comprising the interstrand cross-link, which avoids the formation of a double-strand break but generates an abasic site that is bypassed by translesion synthesis polymerases (By similarity). In vitro, displays strong glycosylase activity towards the hydantoin lesions spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) and guanidinohydantoin (Gh) in both ssDNA and dsDNA; also recognizes FapyA, FapyG, 5-OHU, 5-OHC, 5-OHMH, Tg and 8-oxoA lesions in ssDNA (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). No activity on 8-oxoG detected (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). Also shows weak DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161). In vivo, appears to be the primary enzyme involved in removing Sp and Gh from ssDNA in neonatal tissues (PubMed:20185759, PubMed:22065741, PubMed:22569481, PubMed:22959434, PubMed:23305905, PubMed:23313161).
messages: Expressed in testis, thymus, spleen and bone marrow. In young mice, expressed at higher levels in thymocytes than splenocytes. At 12 dpc, abundant in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. At 17.5 dpc and P0, expression is limited to distinct cells in the cortical SVZ, in cells of the secondary matrix, the dentate gyrus migratory route and the dentate gyrus.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing brain at 12 dpc-13 dpc when neurogenesis starts. Expression decreases during later development and is undetectable in adult brain.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perinatal mice show reduced regeneration of neural tissue following ischemic brain damage (stroke), associated with fewer activated microglia and impaired neural stem cell proliferation. Aged mice show deficits in learning and memory, decreased anxiety-like behavior, and changes in hippocampal synapse composition. Otherwise viable and fertile.
messages: The N-terminal region (2-282) contains the glycosylase and lyase activities.
messages: The RanBP2-type zinc-finger, also named NZF zinc finger, recognizes and binds ubiquitinated CMG helicase complex. The GRF-type zinc-fingers recognize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), possibly on the lagging strand template.
messages: Was originally thought to be inactive as a glycosylase, but recent reports demonstrate that cleavage of the initiator methionine is essential for catalytic activity.

10090:Postn
gene id: 10090:Postn
uniprot id: A0A097BW18
uniprot id: A0A097BW21
uniprot id: Q62009
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By TGF-beta (PubMed:11335131).
messages: Gamma-carboxylation is controversial. Gamma-carboxyglutamated; gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation; these residues may be required for binding to calcium (PubMed:18450759). According to a more recent report in human, does not contain vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxyglutamate residues (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with BMP1 and fibronectin (PubMed:20181949).
messages: In the heart, expressed from embryonic day 10.5. Continues to be strongly expressed throughout cardiac development and into adulthood (PubMed:11335131).
messages: Induces cell attachment and spreading and plays a role in cell adhesion (PubMed:10404027). Enhances incorporation of BMP1 in the fibronectin matrix of connective tissues, and subsequent proteolytic activation of lysyl oxidase LOX (PubMed:20181949).
messages: Preferentially expressed in periosteum and periodontal ligament (PubMed:10404027). Also expressed in the developing and adult heart (PubMed:11335131).
messages: Reduced amount of collagen cross-linking in femur and periosteum (PubMed:20181949).
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tspo
gene id: 10090:Tspo
uniprot id: P50637
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TspO/BZRP family.
messages: By dimethyl sulfoxide and diazepam.
messages: Can bind protoporphyrin IX and may play a role in the transport of porphyrins and heme (By similarity). Was initially identified as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; can also bind isoquinoline carboxamides. Promotes the transport of cholesterol across mitochondrial membranes and may play a role in lipid metabolism (PubMed:9832438, PubMed:24814875), but its precise physiological role is controversial. According to some reports, it is not required for steroid hormone biosynthesis (PubMed:24174323, PubMed:24936060).
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Ubiquitous.
messages: Interacts with TSPOAP1. Interacts with MOST-1. May interact with STAR.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: No obvious phenotype. Mice are viable and fertile and present only very minor changes in gonadal and adrenal steroid hormone production. testis-specific gene disruption (PubMed:24174323) does not affect testosterone production, gametogenesis and male fertility.

10090:U2af2
gene id: 10090:U2af2
uniprot id: P26369
uniprot id: Q80XR5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Interacts with U2AF1L4 (PubMed:16819553). Heterodimer with U2AF1. Binds unphosphorylated SF1. Interacts with SCAF11 and SNW1. Interacts with ZRSR2/U2AF1-RS2. Interacts with RBM17. Interacts with PRPF19; the interaction is direct. Interacts with POLR2A (via the C-terminal domain); Interacts with PRPF19; the interaction is direct. Interacts with POLR2A (via the C-terminal domain); recruits PRPF19 and the Prp19 complex to the pre-mRNA. Interacts with KHDC4 (Isoform 2). Interacts with ZRSR2. Interacts with the SF3B complex composed of SF3B1, SF3B2, SF3B3, SF3B4, SF3B5, SF3B6 and PHF5A (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CPSF7 (via C-terminus); this interaction stimulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing by promoting the recruitment of the CFIm complex to cleavage and polyadenylation signals (By similarity).
messages: Lysyl-hydroxylation at Lys-15 and Lys-276 affects the mRNA splicing activity of the protein, leading to regulate some, but not all, alternative splicing events.
messages: Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing and 3'-end processing. By recruiting PRPF19 and the PRP19C/Prp19 complex/NTC/Nineteen complex to the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain (CTD), and thereby pre-mRNA, may couple transcription to splicing. Required for the export of mRNA out of the nucleus, even if the mRNA is encoded by an intron-less gene. Positively regulates pre-mRNA 3'-end processing by recruiting the CFIm complex to cleavage and polyadenylation signals.

10090:Nalcn
gene id: 10090:Nalcn
uniprot id: Q8BXR5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NALCN family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 24 transmembrane helices (TM) that form four homologous functional repeats connected by intracellular linkers. Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments represent the voltage-sensor. S4 transmembrane segments lack some of the charged residues (K and R) found at every third position in the S4s of the NaV, CaV, and KV channels. Pore-forming loops (P loops) between S5 and S6 of each domain form an EEKE sodium- ion selectivity filter a mixture between the EEEE found in the CaVs and the DEKA of NaVs. Voltage-sensing domains (VSDs), formed by S1 to S4 of each domain, detect changes in membrane potential and induce the opening or closing of the ion-conducting pore domain, formed by S5 and S6.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit abnormal breathing at birth and die within 24 hours.
messages: Found in a complex with NALCN, UNC79, UNC80 and NACL1; these auxiliary subunits are indispensable for the function of the NALCN channel (By similarity). Interacts with UNC80; required for the NALCN activation/inhibition by GPCRs in neurons (PubMed:19092807, PubMed:21040849). Found in a complex with NALCN, UNC79 and UNC80; UNC80 bridges NALCN to UNC79 (PubMed:21040849). Interacts with CHRM3 (PubMed:19575010).
messages: Inhibited by low micromolar concentrations of Gd(3+) and high micromolar concentrations of verapamil. Insensitive to tetrodotoxin (TTX) and potentiated by low external Ca(2+) concentration.
messages: NALCN was also originally reported to be a voltage-independent, cation-nonselective channel which is permeable to sodium, potassium and calcium ions (PubMed:17448995). However, NALCN is recently reported to be selective only for monovalent cations and to be blocked by extracellular divalent cations (By similarity). Futhemore, coexpression of NALCN, UNC79, UNC80, and NALF1 results in voltage-dependent NALCN currents (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues.
messages: Voltage-gated ion channel responsible for the resting Na(+) permeability that controls neuronal excitability. NALCN channel functions as a multi-protein complex, which consists at least of NALCN, NALF1, UNC79 and UNC80. NALCN is the voltage-sensing, pore-forming subunit of the NALCN channel complex. NALCN channel complex is constitutively active and conducts monovalent cations but is blocked by physiological concentrations of extracellular divalent cations (By similarity). In addition to its role in regulating neuronal excitability, is required for normal respiratory rhythm, systemic osmoregulation by controlling the serum sodium concentration and in the regulation of the intestinal pace-making activity in the interstitial cells of Cajal (PubMed:21177381, PubMed:22508057). Plays a critical role in both maintenance of spontaneous firing of substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) neurons and physiological modulation of SNr neuron excitability (PubMed:27177420). NALCN channel is also activated by neuropeptides such as neurotensin and substance P (SP) through a SRC family kinases-dependent pathway (PubMed:19092807). In addition, NALCN activity is enhanced/modulated by several GPCRs, such as CHRM3 (PubMed:19092807, PubMed:19575010, PubMed:21040849).
messages: Widely expressed in the brain and spinal cord neurons (PubMed:17448995). Expressed also in pancreatic islet cells (PubMed:19575010).

10090:Gm21976
gene id: 10090:Gm21976
uniprot id: J3QNN2
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Olfr904
gene id: 10090:Olfr904
uniprot id: Q7TRC9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cela3b
gene id: 10090:Cela3b
uniprot id: Q9CQ52
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Elastase subfamily.
messages: Efficient protease with alanine specificity but only little elastolytic activity.

10090:Stag2
gene id: 10090:Stag2
uniprot id: A2AFF6
uniprot id: O35638
uniprot id: Q3TG33
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCC3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate.
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts directly with RAD21 in cohesin complex. Cohesin complexes are composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3). In cohesin complexes, STAG2 is mutually exclusive with STAG1 and STAG3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the cohesin complex which is composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein.
messages: Phosphorylated by PLK1. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase is partly due to its phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: centromere

10090:Rpl28
gene id: 10090:Rpl28
uniprot id: P41105
uniprot id: Q5M9J8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL28 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Asb12
gene id: 10090:Asb12
uniprot id: Q3KNI9
uniprot id: Q9D738
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: Interacts with CUL5 and RNF7.
messages: Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Mbd3
gene id: 10090:Mbd3
uniprot id: Q9Z2D8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as transcriptional repressor and plays a role in gene silencing. Does not bind DNA by itself. Binds to DNA with a preference for sites containing methylated CpG dinucleotides (in vitro). Binds to a lesser degree DNA containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (By similarity). Recruits histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Heterodimer with MBD2. Part of the NuRD and the MeCP1 complex. Interacts with BCL6, HDAC1, MTA2, DNMT1, p66-alpha and p66-beta (By similarity). Does not interact with PWWP2A and PWWP2B (PubMed:30228260, PubMed:30327463).
messages: Highly expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, spleen and testis. Detected at lower levels in embryonic stem cells.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tgfbr2
gene id: 10090:Tgfbr2
uniprot id: Q3UG22
uniprot id: Q543C0
uniprot id: Q62312
uniprot id: Q8BQS9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Has transforming growth factor beta-activated receptor activity.
messages: Homodimer. Heterohexamer; TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 homodimeric ligands assemble a functional receptor composed of two TGFBR1 and TGFBR2 heterodimers to form a ligand-receptor heterohexamer. The respective affinity of TGFRB1 and TGFRB2 for the ligands may modulate the kinetics of assembly of the receptor and may explain the different biological activities of TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Interacts with DAXX. Interacts with DYNLT4. Interacts with ZFYVE9; ZFYVE9 recruits SMAD2 and SMAD3 to the TGF-beta receptor (By similarity). Interacts with and is activated by SCUBE3; this interaction does not affect TGFB1-binding to TGFBR2 (By similarity). Interacts with VPS39; this interaction is independent of the receptor kinase activity and of the presence of TGF-beta (By similarity). Interacts with CLU (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Phosphorylated on a Ser/Thr residue in the cytoplasmic domain.
messages: Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non-promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. The formation of the receptor complex composed of 2 TGFBR1 and 2 TGFBR2 molecules symmetrically bound to the cytokine dimer results in the phosphorylation and the activation of TGFRB1 by the constitutively active TGFBR2. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates SMAD2 which dissociates from the receptor and interacts with SMAD4. The SMAD2-SMAD4 complex is subsequently translocated to the nucleus where it modulates the transcription of the TGF-beta-regulated genes. This constitutes the canonical SMAD-dependent TGF-beta signaling cascade. Also involved in non-canonical, SMAD-independent TGF-beta signaling pathways (By similarity).
messages: Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase forming with the TGF-beta type I serine/threonine kinase receptor, TGFBR1, the non-promiscuous receptor for the TGF-beta cytokines TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3. Transduces the TGFB1, TGFB2 and TGFB3 signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a plethora of physiological and pathological processes including cell cycle arrest in epithelial and hematopoietic cells, control of mesenchymal cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. The formation of the receptor complex composed of 2 TGFBR1 and 2 TGFBR2 molecules symmetrically bound to the cytokine dimer results in the phosphorylation and the activation of TGFRB1 by the constitutively active TGFBR2. Activated TGFBR1 phosphorylates SMAD2 which dissociates from the receptor and interacts with SMAD4. The SMAD2-SMAD4 complex is subsequently translocated to the nucleus where it modulates the transcription of the TGF-beta-regulated genes. This constitutes the canonical SMAD-dependent TGF-beta signaling cascade. Also involved in non-canonical, SMAD-independent TGF-beta signaling pathways.
messages: Widely expressed in adult. Expressed primarily in mesenchyme and epidermis of the midgestational fetus.

10090:Zcchc7
gene id: 10090:Zcchc7
uniprot id: B1AX39
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of a nucleolar TRAMP-like complex, an ATP-dependent exosome regulatory complex consisting of a helicase (MTREX), an oligadenylate polymerase (TENT4B or TENT4A), and a substrate specific RNA-binding factor (ZCCHC7 or ZCCHC8). Several TRAMP-like complexes exist with specific compositions and are associated with nuclear, or nucleolar RNA exosomes (By similarity).
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ccl2
gene id: 10090:Ccl2
uniprot id: P10148
uniprot id: Q5SVU3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 (By similarity). Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (By similarity). Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils (By similarity). Plays an important role in mediating peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain (PubMed:29993042). Increases NMDA-mediated synaptic transmission in both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-containing neurons, which may be caused by MAPK/ERK-dependent phosphorylation of GRIN2B/NMDAR2B (PubMed:29993042).
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: By platelet-derived growth factor (PubMed:23233732). Up-regulated upon hypertonic conditions (PubMed:23233732). Up-regulated in the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-containing neurons of nucleus accumbens shell after spinal nerve ligation (PubMed:29993042).
messages: Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium. Is tethered on endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan (GAG) side chains of proteoglycans. Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link domain).
messages: N-Glycosylated.
messages: Processing at the N-terminus can regulate receptor and target cell selectivity (By similarity). Deletion of the N-terminal residue converts it from an activator of basophil to an eosinophil chemoattractant (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The polymorphisms in strain SJL/J may be associated with severity of clinical symptoms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis, and susceptibility to the monophasic remitting/nonrelapsing form of the disease.

10090:Prelid3b
gene id: 10090:Prelid3b
uniprot id: Q9CYY7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the slowmo family.

10090:Slc5a4b
gene id: 10090:Slc5a4b
uniprot id: Q2VPB3
uniprot id: Q91ZP4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium:solute symporter (SSF) (TC 2.A.21) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ift20
gene id: 10090:Ift20
uniprot id: Q61025
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cells that stably express short interference RNAs targeting IFT20 show reduced centriolar IFT20 and lack primary cilia.
messages: Component of the IFT complex B, at least composed of IFT20, IFT22, HSPB11/IFT25, IFT27, IFT46, IFT52, TRAF3IP1/IFT54, IFT57, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, and IFT88 (PubMed:12821668, PubMed:16775004, PubMed:19253336). Interacts directly with IFT57 and KIF3B/Kinesin II subunit (PubMed:12821668). Interacts with IFT88 (PubMed:19253336). Interacts with CEP83 (By similarity). Interacts with SPEF2 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:19889948). Interacts with CBL and CBLB (By similarity). Interacts with TRIP11 (PubMed:19112494). Interacts with TTC21A (By similarity). Interacts with SPATA1 (PubMed:31816150). Interacts with USH1G (By similarity).
messages: Conditional knockout in male germ cells results in infertility, abnormal sperm morphology, significantly reduced sperm count and sperm mobility.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in the testis (at protein level). Expressed in kidney and retina. Expression is up-regulated during spermiogenesis.
messages: Expression is first detected at postnatal day 16 (P16) and increases significantly at days P30 and P42.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Part of intraflagellar transport (IFT) particles involved in ciliary process assembly. May play a role in the trafficking of ciliary membrane proteins from the Golgi complex to the cilium (PubMed:16775004). Regulates the ciliary platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFRA) signaling pathway. Required for protein stability of E3 ubiquitin ligases CBL and CBLB that mediate ubiquitination and internalization of PDGFRA for proper feedback inhibition of PDGFRA signaling (PubMed:29237719). Essential for male fertility. Plays an important role in spermatogenesis, particularly spermiogenesis, when germ cells form flagella. May play a role in the transport of flagellar proteins ODF2 and SPAG16 to build sperm flagella and in the removal of redundant sperm cytoplasm (PubMed:27682589). Also involved in autophagy since it is required for trafficking of ATG16L and the expansion of the autophagic compartment (PubMed:24089209).
messages: acrosome
messages: centriole
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cis-Golgi network
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Alyref2
gene id: 10090:Alyref2
uniprot id: Q9JJW6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Arginine methylation reduces RNA binding and enhances mRNA transfer to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for nuclear export.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Export adapter involved in spliced and unspliced mRNA nuclear export. Binds mRNA which is transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NFX1 pathway); enhances NXF1-NXT1 RNA-binding activity.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus and RRM domain) with DDX39B and th NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer. Interacts with HHV-1 ICP27 and HVS ORF57 proteins.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RRM domain and the N-terminal region (15-58) seem to be involved in RNA binding.

10090:Tnfrsf23
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf23
uniprot id: Q9ER63
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TRAIL. Lacks a cytoplasmic death domain and hence is not capable of inducing apoptosis. May protect cells against TRAIL mediated apoptosis through ligand competition. Cannot induce the NF-kappa-B pathway.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Meis3
gene id: 10090:Meis3
uniprot id: P97368
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TALE/MEIS homeobox family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the brain. Significant expression also observed in the heart, spleen and lung. Expressed in pancreatic islets (beta-cells and non-beta-cells) (PubMed:21059917).
messages: Not expressed until 11 days in embryonic development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator which directly modulates PDPK1 expression, thus promoting survival of pancreatic beta-cells. Also regulates expression of NDFIP1, BNIP3, and CCNG1.

10090:Hspb2
gene id: 10090:Hspb2
uniprot id: Q6P3C8
uniprot id: Q99PR8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with DMPK; may enhance its kinase activity.
messages: May regulate the kinase DMPK.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ap1s3
gene id: 10090:Ap1s3
uniprot id: Q7TN05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma-type subunit AP1G1 and beta-type subunit AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP1M1 or AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP1S1 or AP1S2 or AP1S3).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes small subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules (By similarity). Involved in TLR3 trafficking (By similarity).
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Slc25a14
gene id: 10090:Slc25a14
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQJ8
uniprot id: Q9Z2B2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mainly expressed in brain, particularly abundant in cortex, hippocampus thalamus, amygdala and hypothalamus. Expressed in other tissues to a lesser extent.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Participates in the mitochondrial proton leak measured in brain mitochondria.

10090:Hsd11b1
gene id: 10090:Hsd11b1
uniprot id: P50172
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Controls the reversible conversion of biologically active glucocorticoids such as 11-dehydrocorticosterone to corticosterone in the presence of NADP(H) (PubMed:9405715, PubMed:23415904, PubMed:30902677). Participates in the corticosteroid receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory response, as well as metabolic and homeostatic processes (PubMed:9405715). Bidirectional in vitro, predominantly functions as a reductase in vivo, thereby increasing the concentration of active glucocorticoids (PubMed:23415904). It has broad substrate specificity, besides glucocorticoids, it accepts other steroid and sterol substrates (PubMed:23415904). Interconverts 7-oxo- and 7-hydroxy-neurosteroids such as 7-oxopregnenolone and 7beta-hydroxypregnenolone, 7-oxodehydroepiandrosterone (3beta-hydroxy-5-androstene-7,17-dione) and 7beta-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone (3beta,7beta-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one), among others (By similarity). Catalyzes the stereo-specific conversion of the major dietary oxysterol, 7-ketocholesterol (7-oxocholesterol), into the more polar 7-beta-hydroxycholesterol metabolite (PubMed:23415904). 7-oxocholesterol is one of the most important oxysterols, it participates in several events such as induction of apoptosis, accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions, lipid peroxidation, and induction of foam cell formation (By similarity). Mediates the 7-oxo reduction of 7-oxolithocholate mainly to chenodeoxycholate, and to a lesser extent to ursodeoxycholate, both in its free form and when conjugated to glycine or taurine, providing a link between glucocorticoid activation and bile acid metabolism (By similarity). Catalyzes the synthesis of 7-beta-25-dihydroxycholesterol from 7-oxo-25-hydroxycholesterol in vitro, which acts as ligand for the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 2 (EBI2) and may thereby regulate immune cell migration (PubMed:30902677).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In null mice, 11-keto corticosteroids cannot be reduced to active 11-hydroxy forms (PubMed:9405715). Plasma corticosterone levels actually are elevated at the diurnal nadir (PubMed:9405715). Males display adrenocortical hyperplasia (PubMed:9405715). During starvation, induction of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) mRNA and enzyme activity is lost and the induction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) is attenuated (PubMed:9405715). Liver glycogen levels significantly increase in the fed state (PubMed:9405715). The liver shows a phenotype of partial glucocorticoid deficiency, despite somewhat increased basal plasma corticosterone levels (PubMed:9405715).
messages: Widely expressed. Highest levels (mRNA) in liver, kidney and lung, lower levels in the cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, ovary, testis and thymus, no expression in colon.

10090:Pgap2
gene id: 10090:Pgap2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1P4
uniprot id: Q3TQR0
uniprot id: Q3U6W8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PGAP2 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with PGAP2IP.
messages: Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation. Required for stable expression of GPI-anchored proteins at the cell surface (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the lipid remodeling steps of GPI-anchor maturation. Required for stable expression of GPI-anchored proteins at the cell surface.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sftpc
gene id: 10090:Sftpc
uniprot id: Q6P8P8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Pulmonary surfactant associated proteins promote alveolar stability by lowering the surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the peripheral air spaces.
messages: surface film

10090:Jtb
gene id: 10090:Jtb
uniprot id: O88824
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JTB family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with AURKA, AURKB, BIRC5 and INCENP. May be a component of the CPC at least composed of BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP and AURKB/Aurora-B (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Required for normal cytokinesis during mitosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation. May be a component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), a complex that acts as a key regulator of mitosis. The CPC complex has essential functions at the centromere in ensuring correct chromosome alignment and segregation and is required for chromatin-induced microtubule stabilization and spindle assembly. Increases AURKB activity (By similarity). Inhibits apoptosis induced by TGFB1. Overexpression induces swelling of mitochondria and reduces mitochondrial membrane potential.
messages: Undergoes N-terminal proteolytic processing, removing a peptide of about 1 kDa from the N-terminus of the protein.
messages: Up-regulated by TGFB1 in mammary epithelial cells.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle

10090:Eno3
gene id: 10090:Eno3
uniprot id: P21550
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the enolase family.
messages: Brain (at protein level). The alpha/alpha homodimer is expressed in embryo and in most adult tissues. The alpha/beta heterodimer and the beta/beta homodimer are found in striated muscle, and the alpha/gamma heterodimer and the gamma/gamma homodimer in neurons. In striated muscle, the fiber-type order of ENO3 expression is IIB > IIX > IIA > I.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During ontogenesis, there is a transition from the alpha/alpha homodimer to the alpha/beta heterodimer in striated muscle cells, and to the alpha/gamma heterodimer in nerve cells. In hindleg muscle, first expressed at 15 dpc after which, levels increase sharply between 15 dpc and 17 dpc. A steep prenatal rise in expression accompanies the formation of secondary myofibers and the development of innervation. High levels continue throughout newborn and adult stages. Beginning at postnatal day 5, a second sharp increase in expression correlates with the definitive specialization of the myofibers. Later in development, mainly expressed in fast-twitch fibers. In cardiac muscle, first expressed in the embryo in the cardiac tube.
messages: Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. Appears to have a function in striated muscle development and regeneration.
messages: Levels decrease in degenerating myofibers, and increase with their regeneration.
messages: Mammalian enolase is composed of 3 isozyme subunits, alpha, beta and gamma, which can form homodimers or heterodimers which are cell-type and development-specific. In vitro, interacts with several glycolytic enzymes including PKM, PGM, CKM and ALDO. Also binds PLG and troponin, in vitro. Interacts with PNKD (By similarity).
messages: Mg(2+) is required for catalysis and for stabilizing the dimer.

10090:Nefm
gene id: 10090:Nefm
uniprot id: A0A0R4J036
uniprot id: P08553
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed in the sciatic nerve (at protein level).
messages: Forms heterodimers with NEFL; which can further hetero-oligomerize (in vitro) (By similarity). Forms heterodimers with INA (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: NEFL, NEFM, and NEFH which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. May additionally cooperate with the neuronal intermediate filament proteins PRPH and INA to form neuronal filamentous networks (PubMed:22723690).
messages: Phosphorylated in the head and rod regions by the PKC kinase PKN1, leading to the inhibition of polymerization.
messages: Phosphorylation seems to play a major role in the functioning of the larger neurofilament polypeptides (NF-M and NF-H), the levels of phosphorylation being altered developmentally and coincidentally with a change in the neurofilament function.
messages: There are a number of repeats of the tripeptide K-S-P, NFM is phosphorylated on a number of the serines in this motif. It is thought that phosphorylation of NFM results in the formation of interfilament cross bridges that are important in the maintenance of axonal caliber.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mapk14
gene id: 10090:Mapk14
uniprot id: P47811
uniprot id: Q5U421
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Lys-53 and Lys-152 by KAT2B and EP300. Acetylation at Lys-53 increases the affinity for ATP and enhances kinase activity. Lys-53 and Lys-152 are deacetylated by HDAC3 (By similarity).
messages: Activated by cell stresses such as DNA damage, heat shock, osmotic shock, anisomycin and sodium arsenite, as well as pro-inflammatory stimuli such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin-1. Activation occurs through dual phosphorylation of Thr-180 and Tyr-182 by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K3/MKK3 or MAP2K6/MKK6, and potentially also MAP2K4/MKK4, as well as by TAB1-mediated autophosphorylation. MAPK14 phosphorylated on both Thr-180 and Tyr-182 is 10-20-fold more active than MAPK14 phosphorylated only on Thr-180, whereas MAPK14 phosphorylated on Tyr-182 alone is inactive. whereas Thr-180 is necessary for catalysis, Tyr-182 may be required for auto-activation and substrate recognition. Phosphorylated at Tyr-323 by ZAP70 in an alternative activation pathway in response to TCR signaling in T-cells. This alternative pathway is inhibited by GADD45A. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP1, DUSP10, and DUSP16. Specifically inhibited by the binding of pyridinyl-imidazole compounds, which are cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAID). SB203580 is an inhibitor of MAPK14.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Component of a signaling complex containing at least AKAP13, PKN1, MAPK14, ZAK and MAP2K3. Within this complex, AKAP13 interacts directly with PKN1, which in turn recruits MAPK14, MAP2K3 and ZAK (By similarity). Binds to a kinase interaction motif within the protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPRR (By similarity). This interaction retains MAPK14 in the cytoplasm and prevents nuclear accumulation (By similarity). Interacts with SPAG9 and GADD45A (By similarity). Interacts with CDC25B, CDC25C, DUSP1, DUSP10, DUSP16, NP60, SUPT20H and TAB1. Interacts with casein kinase II subunits CSNK2A1 and CSNK2B. Interacts with PPM1D. Interacts with CDK5RAP3; recruits PPM1D to MAPK14 and may regulate its dephosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with DUSP2; this interaction does not lead to catalytic activation of DUSP2 and dephosphrylation of MAPK14 (PubMed:16288922).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dually phosphorylated on Thr-180 and Tyr-182 by the MAP2Ks MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K6/MKK6 in response to inflammatory cytokines, environmental stress or growth factors, which activates the enzyme. Dual phosphorylation can also be mediated by TAB1-mediated autophosphorylation. TCR engagement in T-cells also leads to Tyr-323 phosphorylation by ZAP70. Dephosphorylated and inactivated by DUPS1, DUSP10 and DUSP16. PPM1D also mediates dephosphorylation and inactivation of MAPK14 (By similarity).
messages: Macrophages, monocytes, T- and B-lymphocytes. Isoform 2 is specifically expressed in kidney and liver.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK14 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. Some of the targets are downstream kinases which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 can directly phosphorylate and activate transcription factors such as CREB1, ATF1, the NF-kappa-B isoform RELA/NFKB3, STAT1 and STAT3, but can also phosphorylate histone H3 and the nucleosomal protein HMGN1. RPS6KA5/MSK1 and RPS6KA4/MSK2 play important roles in the rapid induction of immediate-early genes in response to stress or mitogenic stimuli, either by inducing chromatin remodeling or by recruiting the transcription machinery. On the other hand, two other kinase targets, MAPKAPK2/MK2 and MAPKAPK3/MK3, participate in the control of gene expression mostly at the post-transcriptional level, by phosphorylating ZFP36 (tristetraprolin) and ELAVL1, and by regulating EEF2K, which is important for the elongation of mRNA during translation. MKNK1/MNK1 and MKNK2/MNK2, two other kinases activated by p38 MAPKs, regulate protein synthesis by phosphorylating the initiation factor EIF4E2. MAPK14 interacts also with casein kinase II, leading to its activation through autophosphorylation and further phosphorylation of TP53/p53. In the cytoplasm, the p38 MAPK pathway is an important regulator of protein turnover. For example, CFLAR is an inhibitor of TNF-induced apoptosis whose proteasome-mediated degradation is regulated by p38 MAPK phosphorylation. In a similar way, MAPK14 phosphorylates the ubiquitin ligase SIAH2, regulatin…
messages: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination leads to degradation by the proteasome pathway (By similarity).

10090:Fam163b
gene id: 10090:Fam163b
uniprot id: B2RVN8
uniprot id: Q8BUM6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM163 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Chpf2
gene id: 10090:Chpf2
uniprot id: Q3UU43
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Eif2s1
gene id: 10090:Eif2s1
uniprot id: Q6ZWX6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activity is regulated by phosphorylation at Ser-49 and Ser-52, which stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents the eIF-2B-mediated exchange of GDP for GTP, thereby preventing the formation of the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC) (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336, PubMed:21285359). This results in the global attenuation of 5' cap-dependent protein synthesis and concomitant translation of ISR-specific mRNAs that contain a short upstream open reading frame (uORF) in their 5' UTR, such as ATF4, ATF5, DDIT3/CHOP and PPP1R15A/GADD34 (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336, PubMed:21285359).
messages: Belongs to the eIF-2-alpha family.
messages: Functions in the early steps of protein synthesis by forming a ternary complex with GTP and initiator tRNA (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336). This complex binds to a 40S ribosomal subunit, followed by mRNA binding to form a 43S pre-initiation complex (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336). Junction of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form the 80S initiation complex is preceded by hydrolysis of the GTP bound to eIF-2 and release of an eIF-2-GDP binary complex (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336). In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must exchange with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by eIF-2B (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:19131336). EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha is a key component of the integrated stress response (ISR), required for adaptation to various stress: phosphorylation by metabolic-stress sensing protein kinases (EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2) in response to stress converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, leading to a attenuation of cap-dependent translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activators ATF4 and QRICH1, and hence allowing ATF4- and QRICH1-mediated reprogramming (PubMed:15277680, PubMed:21285359).
messages: Heterotrimer composed of an alpha, a beta and a gamma chain (By similarity). Component of an EIF2 complex at least composed of CELF1/CUGBP1, CALR, CALR3, EIF2S1, EIF2S2, HSP90B1 and HSPA5 (PubMed:16931514). Interaction with METAP2 protects EIF2S1 from inhibitory phosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with ABCF1 (By similarity). Associates with ribosomes (By similarity). Interacts with DDX3X in an RNA-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-49 and Ser-52 stabilizes the eIF-2/GDP/eIF-2B complex and prevents GDP/GTP exchange reaction, thus impairing the recycling of eIF-2 between successive rounds of initiation and leading to global inhibition of translation, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of integrated stress response (ISR)-specific mRNAs (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:15277680, PubMed:16054071, PubMed:19131336, PubMed:21285359). Substrate for at least 4 kinases: EIF2AK1/HRI, EIF2AK2/PKR, EIF2AK3/PERK and EIF2AK4/GCN2 (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:15277680, PubMed:16054071). Phosphorylated; phosphorylation on Ser-52 by the EIF2AK4/GCN2 protein kinase occurs in response to amino acid starvation and UV irradiation (PubMed:10504407, PubMed:12176355, PubMed:15213227, PubMed:16054071).
messages: Stress granule
messages: This gene should not be confused with EIF2A, with which it shares the alias EIF2A. Although both of these proteins function in binding initiator tRNA to the 40S ribosomal subunit, the eIF2 complex requires GTP, whereas the EIF2A protein does so in a codon-dependent manner.

10090:Cyp3a59
gene id: 10090:Cyp3a59
uniprot id: D3Z2W7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Olfm3
gene id: 10090:Olfm3
uniprot id: P63056
uniprot id: Q3UVC5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed during embryonic development starting from 7 dpc. Expression increases moderately during embryonic development and remains stable in the postnatal brain.
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: Peripherally associated with AMPAR complex. AMPAR complex consists of an inner core made of 4 pore-forming GluA/GRIA proteins (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4) and 4 major auxiliary subunits arranged in a twofold symmetry. One of the two pairs of distinct binding sites is occupied either by CNIH2, CNIH3 or CACNG2, CACNG3. The other harbors CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG8 or GSG1L. This inner core of AMPAR complex is complemented by outer core constituents binding directly to the GluA/GRIA proteins at sites distinct from the interaction sites of the inner core constituents. Outer core constituents include at least PRRT1, PRRT2, CKAMP44/SHISA9, FRRS1L and NRN1. The proteins of the inner and outer core serve as a platform for other, more peripherally associated AMPAR constituents, including OLFM3. Alone or in combination, these auxiliary subunits control the gating and pharmacology of the AMPAR complex and profoundly impact their biogenesis and protein processing (PubMed:22632720). Homodimer. Interacts with MYOC (PubMed:12019210). Interacts with OLFM2 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Synapse

10090:Uqcrq
gene id: 10090:Uqcrq
uniprot id: Q9CQ69
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UQCRQ/QCR8 family.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783). Interacts with BRAWNIN (PubMed:32161263).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Tfap2e
gene id: 10090:Tfap2e
uniprot id: Q6VUP9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AP-2 family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members (By similarity).
messages: Expressed most prominently in the mitral cell layer of the developing olfactory bulb and to a lesser extent in the granule cell layer. Also expressed in skin, articular cartilage, primary chondrocytes, and chondrosarcoma cell line SW1353.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC. AP-2-epsilon may play a role in the development of the CNS and in cartilage differentiation.

10090:Elp4
gene id: 10090:Elp4
uniprot id: Q9ER73
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ELP4 family.
messages: Component of the elongator complex which consists of ELP1, ELP2, ELP3, ELP4, ELP5 and ELP6.
messages: Component of the elongator complex which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine). The elongator complex catalyzes the formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed throughout the cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongator complex was originally thought to play a role in transcription elongation. However, it is no longer thought to play a direct role in this process and its primary function is thought to be in tRNA modification.

10090:Gm10096
gene id: 10090:Gm10096
uniprot id: Q62478
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Triml1
gene id: 10090:Triml1
uniprot id: Q8BVP1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed from two-cell to blastocyst stage of embryo development.
messages: Interacts with USP5.
messages: Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which plays an important role in blastocyst development. Involved in progression of blastocyst stage and subsequent embryo development.
messages: Testis.

10090:Serpinb11
gene id: 10090:Serpinb11
uniprot id: Q9CQV3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in eye, lung, lymphocytes, thymus, stomach, uterus, heart, brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and in day 7, 15, and 17 embryos.
messages: Inhibitor of serine proteases. Has moderate inhibitory activity for trypsin-like peptidases, but also some activity with cysteine peptidases, cathepsin L, K, and V, and the serine peptidase, tryptase gamma.

10090:Tusc3
gene id: 10090:Tusc3
uniprot id: Q8BTV1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory component of the STT3B-containing form of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex. OST exists in two different complex forms which contain common core subunits RPN1, RPN2, OST48, OST4, DAD1 and TMEM258, either STT3A or STT3B as catalytic subunits, and form-specific accessory subunits. OST can form stable complexes with the Sec61 complex or with both the Sec61 and TRAP complexes. The association of TUSC3 or MAGT1 with the STT3B-containing complex seems to be mutually exclusvice.
messages: Acts as accessory component of the N-oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex which catalyzes the transfer of a high mannose oligosaccharide from a lipid-linked oligosaccharide donor to an asparagine residue within an Asn-X-Ser/Thr consensus motif in nascent polypeptide chains. Involved in N-glycosylation of STT3B-dependent substrates. Specifically required for the glycosylation of a subset of acceptor sites that are near cysteine residues; in this function seems to act redundantly with MAGT1. In its oxidized form proposed to form transient mixed disulfides with a glycoprotein substrate to facilitate access of STT3B to the unmodified acceptor site. Has also oxidoreductase-independent functions in the STT3B-containing OST complex possibly involving substrate recognition.
messages: Belongs to the OST3/OST6 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Magnesium transporter.

10090:Nipal4
gene id: 10090:Nipal4
uniprot id: Q8BZF2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a Mg(2+) transporter. Can also transport other divalent cations such as Ba(2+), Mn(2+), Sr(2+) and Co(2+) but to a much less extent than Mg(2+). May be a receptor for ligands (trioxilins A3 and B3) from the hepoxilin pathway (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Up-regulated by low magnesium ion levels.

10090:Vmn1r171
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r171
uniprot id: Q9EPS6
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ptgfr
gene id: 10090:Ptgfr
uniprot id: P43117
uniprot id: Q60I90
uniprot id: Q8BNT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2-alpha). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Initiates luteolysis in the corpus luteum (By similarity).

10090:Mamld1
gene id: 10090:Mamld1
uniprot id: P0C6A2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mastermind family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transactivates the HES3 promoter independently of NOTCH proteins. HES3 is a non-canonical NOTCH target gene which lacks binding sites for RBPJ (By similarity). Required for testosterone production.

10090:Csta2
gene id: 10090:Csta2
uniprot id: Q9D8D6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.

10090:Mettl4
gene id: 10090:Mettl4
uniprot id: Q3U034
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MT-A70-like family.
messages: Embryonic sublethality and craniofacial dysmorphism (PubMed:30982744). Surviving mice display anatomical defects, including anophthalmia and craniofacial dysmorphism (PubMed:30982744). Adult mice are moribund and exhibited splenomegaly with anemia and severe leukopenia, indicative of aberrant hematopoiesis (PubMed:30982744).
messages: N(6)-adenine-specific methyltransferase that can methylate both RNAs and DNA (PubMed:30982744). Acts as a N(6)-adenine-specific RNA methyltransferase by catalyzing formation of N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6A(m)) on internal positions of U2 small nuclear RNA (snRNA): methylates the 6th position of adenine residues with a pre-deposited 2'-O-methylation (By similarity). Internal m6A(m) methylation of snRNAs regulates RNA splicing (By similarity). Also able to act as a N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase by mediating methylation of DNA on the 6th position of adenine (N(6)-methyladenosine) (PubMed:30982744). The existence of N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) on DNA is however unclear in mammals, and additional evidences are required to confirm the role of the N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase activity of METTL4 in vivo (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of mitochondrial transcript levels and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number by mediating mtDNA N(6)-methylation: m6A on mtDNA reduces transcription by repressing TFAM DNA-binding and bending (By similarity). N(6)-methyladenosine deposition by METTL4 regulates Polycomb silencing by triggering ubiquitination and degradation of sensor proteins ASXL1 and MPND, leading to inactivation of the PR-DUB complex and subsequent preservation of Polycomb silencing (PubMed:30982744).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The existence of N(6)-methyladenosine on DNA is unclear in mammals (By similarity). According to a report, the majority of N(6)-methyladenosine in DNA originates from RNA catabolism via a nucleotide salvage pathway and is misincorporated by DNA polymerases, arguing against a role as epigenetic DNA mark in mammalian cells (By similarity). Additional evidences are therefore required to confirm the role of METTL4 as a N(6)-adenine-specific DNA methyltransferase in vivo (By similarity).

10090:Vmn1r60
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r60
uniprot id: G3UY47
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Znrf1
gene id: 10090:Znrf1
uniprot id: Q91V17
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates the ubiquitination of AKT1 and GLUL, thereby playing a role in neuron cells differentiation. Plays a role in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal transmission and plasticity. Regulates Schwann cells differentiation by mediating ubiquitination of GLUL. Promotes Wallerian degeneration, a neurodegeneration disorder, by mediating 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation of AKT1 in axons: degradation of AKT1 prevents AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of GSK3B, leading to GSK3B activation and phosphorylation of DPYSL2/CRMP2 followed by destabilization of microtubule assembly in axons.
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts with AKT1, GLUL and TUBB2A.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Ctns
gene id: 10090:Ctns
uniprot id: P57757
uniprot id: Q542U5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cystinosin family.
messages: Cystine/H(+) symporter that mediates export of cystine, the oxidized dimer of cysteine, from lysosomes (PubMed:12370309). Plays an important role in melanin synthesis by catalyzing cystine export from melanosomes, possibly by inhibiting pheomelanin synthesis (PubMed:22649030). In addition to cystine export, also acts as a positive regulator of mTORC1 signaling in kidney proximal tubular cells, via interactions with components of the v-ATPase and Ragulator complexes (PubMed:26449607). Also involved in small GTPase-regulated vesicle trafficking and lysosomal localization of LAMP2A, independently of cystine transporter activity (PubMed:28465352).
messages: Interacts with components of the V-ATPase complex (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with components of the Ragulator complex (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with RRAGA/RagA and RRAGC/RagC (PubMed:26449607). Interacts with AP-3 complex subunit mu (AP3M1 or AP3M2) (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice develop ocular damages, bone defects and behavioral anomalies (PubMed:12370309). Defects are caused by cystine accumulation in all organs tested, and formation of cystine crystals (PubMed:12370309). Mice do not develop signs of a proximal tubulopathy or renal failure (PubMed:12370309). Cystine accumulation in the central nervous system causes severe age-related memory deficits: spatial reference and working memory deficits are observed in middle-aged mice (PubMed:17977621). In eyes, cystine crystals induce inflammatory and immune response with aging associated with loss of keratocyte and endothelial cells (PubMed:21897743). Mice show a strong increase in hair pheomelanin content (PubMed:22649030). Decreased mTORC1 signaling pathway in proximal tubular cell lines (PubMed:26449607).
messages: The lysosomal targeting motif, together with te second PQ-loop mediate targeting to the lysosome.

10090:Dcaf7
gene id: 10090:Dcaf7
uniprot id: P61963
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat DCAF7 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in 10.5 dpc embryo limb buds, in an overlapping pattern with PTCH1 and GLI1.
messages: Interacts with DYRK1A, DYRK1B and DIAPH1. Interacts with DDB1. Interacts with ZNF703 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in craniofacial development. Acts upstream of the EDN1 pathway and is required for formation of the upper jaw equivalent, the palatoquadrate. The activity required for EDN1 pathway function differs between the first and second arches. Associates with DIAPH1 and controls GLI1 transcriptional activity. Could be involved in skin development. May function as a substrate receptor for CUL4-DDB1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Plcd1
gene id: 10090:Plcd1
uniprot id: G5DDB7
uniprot id: Q8R3B1
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. Two of the Ca(2+) ions are bound to the C2 domain.
messages: Binds 5 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. Two of the Ca(2+) ions are bound to the C2 domain.
messages: Highly expressed in brain, heart, lung, epididymis and testis. Detected at lower levels in kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with TGM2.
messages: Mice lacking Plcd1 and Plcd3 die between 11.5 and 13.5 dpc. They exhibit severe disruption of the normal labyrinth architecture in the placenta and decreased placental vascularization, as well as abnormal proliferation and apoptosis of trophoblasts in the labyrinth area. Furthermore, Plcd1 and Plcd3 double knockout embryos supplied with a normal placenta by the tetraploid aggregation method survive beyond 14.5 dpc, indicating that the embryonic lethality is caused by a defect in trophoblasts.
messages: The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. Essential for trophoblast and placental development. Binds phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (By similarity).

10090:Lhfpl1
gene id: 10090:Lhfpl1
uniprot id: Q80SV1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LHFP family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:26964900). Strongly expressed in vagina and ovary. Weakly expressed in spleen, kidney, thymus, testis, brain, lung, intestine and uterus (PubMed:26964900).

10090:Cyp2e1
gene id: 10090:Cyp2e1
uniprot id: Q05421
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of fatty acids. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (NADPH--hemoprotein reductase). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon-hydrogen bonds. Hydroxylates fatty acids specifically at the omega-1 position displaying the highest catalytic activity for saturated fatty acids. May be involved in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics.
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: By ethanol and acetone in the liver and by testosterone in the kidney and adrenal tissues.
messages: Detectable in the female liver on day 1 and reaches steady state levels on days 16-20.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highest level in the liver and to a lesser extent in the kidney, with a higher level in the male kidney than in the female.
messages: Interacts with chaperones HSP70 and HSP90; this interaction is required for initial targeting to mitochondria.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The omega-1 hydroxylase activity is stimulated by cytochrome b5.

10090:Cmas
gene id: 10090:Cmas
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B4
uniprot id: Q99KK2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CMP-NeuNAc synthase family.
messages: Catalyzes the activation of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) to cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-NeuNAc), a substrate required for the addition of sialic acid. Has some activity toward NeuNAc, N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) or 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN).
messages: Highly expressed in brain and heart, and at intermediate level muscle and liver.
messages: Homotetramer; the active enzyme is formed by a dimer of dimers.
messages: Inactive.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The BC2 (basic cluster 2) motif is necessary and sufficient for the nuclear localization and contains the catalytic active site. The localization in the nucleus is however not required for the enzyme activity.

10090:Cpeb2
gene id: 10090:Cpeb2
uniprot id: A0A0H2UH22
uniprot id: E9Q5X2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RRM CPEB family.

10090:Csn1s1
gene id: 10090:Csn1s1
uniprot id: P19228
uniprot id: Q91VV1
uniprot id: Q99JM6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-casein family.
messages: Important role in the capacity of milk to transport calcium phosphate.
messages: Mammary gland specific. Secreted in milk.
messages: Secreted

10090:Luc7l
gene id: 10090:Luc7l
uniprot id: A0A0R4J047
uniprot id: Q3TV90
uniprot id: Q9CYI4
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Luc7 family.
messages: May bind to RNA via its Arg/Ser-rich domain.

10090:Zfand2a
gene id: 10090:Zfand2a
uniprot id: Q9JII7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1148
gene id: 10090:Olfr1148
uniprot id: Q7TR35
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Maea
gene id: 10090:Maea
uniprot id: Q4VC33
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated as component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (in vitro).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. MAEA and RMND5A are both required for catalytic activity of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. MAEA is required for normal cell proliferation. The CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is not required for the degradation of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, such as FBP1 (By similarity). Plays a role in erythroblast enucleation during erythrocyte maturation and in the development of mature macrophages (PubMed:16707498). Mediates the attachment of erythroid cell to mature macrophages; this MAEA-mediated contact inhibits erythroid cell apoptosis (By similarity). Participates in erythroblastic island formation, which is the functional unit of definitive erythropoiesis (PubMed:16707498, PubMed:17071116). Associates with F-actin to regulate actin distribution in erythroblasts and macrophages (PubMed:16707498). May contribute to nuclear architecture and cells division events (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in embryonic fibroblasts (PubMed:16707498). Detected in macrophages (PubMed:17071116). Detected in heart. liver, spleen and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:16510120).
messages: Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles (By similarity). Interacts with F-actin (PubMed:16707498).
messages: Mice die perinatally and exhibit profound alterations in the hematopoietic system. Blood of 14.5-16.5 dpc embryos contained mostly nucleated erythrocytes suggesting a defect in terminal maturation and enucleation of precursor cells. In the fetal liver, large immature erythroblasts predominate, macrophage exhibit an immature morphology and their number is reduced; No erythroblasts are attached to the macrophages suggesting impairment of erythroblastic island formation.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: The expected RING-type zinc finger domain is highly divergent and most of the expected Cys residues are not conserved. Still, the protein is required for CTLH complex E3 ubiquitin-protein transferase activity. In addition, the conserved Cys-314 in this highly divergent region is required for ubiquitination by the yeast GID complex, suggesting a direct role in catalyzing ubiquitination.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Slc35a4
gene id: 10090:Slc35a4
uniprot id: Q9D321
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleotide-sugar transporter family. SLC35A subfamily.
messages: Found in a complex with SLC35A2 and SLC35A3.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mediates the transport of CDP-ribitol (By similarity). Does not exhibit CMP-sialic acid, UDP-galactose and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transport activity (By similarity).

10090:Gsk3b
gene id: 10090:Gsk3b
uniprot id: E9QAQ5
uniprot id: Q5KU03
uniprot id: Q9WV60
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-216. In response to insulin, inhibited by phosphorylation at Ser-9 by PKB/AKT1 and RPS6KA3; phosphorylation at this site causes a conformational change, preventing access of substrates to the active site. Inhibited by lithium.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GSK-3 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), EIF2B, CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC, AXIN1, DPYSL2/CRMP2, JUN, NFATC1/NFATC, MAPT/TAU and MACF1 (PubMed:15791206, PubMed:22057101, PubMed:23395175). Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates (PubMed:15791206, PubMed:22057101, PubMed:23395175). In skeletal muscle, contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis (By similarity). May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors (By similarity). Regulates protein synthesis by controlling the activity of initiation factor 2B (EIF2BE/EIF2B5) in the same manner as glycogen synthase (By similarity). In Wnt signaling, GSK3B forms a multimeric complex with APC, AXIN1 and CTNNB1/beta-catenin and phosphorylates the N-terminus of CTNNB1 leading to its degradation mediated by ubiquitin/proteasomes (By similarity). Phosphorylates JUN at sites proximal to its DNA-binding domain, thereby reducing its affinity for DNA (By similarity). Phosphorylates NFATC1/NFATC on conserved serine residues promoting NFATC1/NFATC nuclear export, shutting off NFATC1/NFATC gene regulation, and thereby opposing the action of calcineurin (By similarity). Phosphorylates MAPT/TAU on 'Thr-548', decreasing significantly MAPT/TAU ability to bind and stabilize microtubules (By similarity). MAPT/TAU is the principal component of neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease (By similarity). Plays an important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex (By similarity). Phosphorylates MACF1, inhibiting its binding to microtubules which is critical for its role in bulge stem cell migration and skin wound repair (PubMed:21…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality at 16 dpc due to hepatocyte apoptosis.
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylation by PARP10 negatively regulates kinase activity.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with DAB2IP (via C2 domain); the interaction stimulates GSK3B kinase activation (By similarity). Interacts (via C2 domain) with PPP2CA (By similarity). Interacts with CABYR, MMP2, MUC1, NIN and PRUNE1 (By similarity). Interacts with AXIN1; the interaction mediates hyperphosphorylation of CTNNB1 leading to its ubiquitination and destruction (PubMed:19141611). Interacts with and phosphorylates SNAI1 (By similarity). Interacts with DNM1L (via a C-terminal domain) (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB2 (PubMed:16051150). Interacts with DISC1 (PubMed:19303846). Found in a complex composed of MACF1, APC, AXIN1, CTNNB1 and GSK3B (By similarity). Interacts with SGK3 (By similarity). Interacts with the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with ZBED3 (PubMed:19141611). Interacts with the BMAL1 (PubMed:20049328, PubMed:28903391). The complex composed, at least, of APC, CTNNB1 and GSK3B interacts with JPT1; the interaction requires the inactive form of GSK3B (phosphorylated at 'Ser-9') (By similarity). Forms a complex composed of PRKAR2A or PRKAR2B, GSK3B and GSKIP through GSKIP interaction; facilitates PKA-induced phosphorylation and regulates GSK3B activity (By similarity). Interacts with GSKIP (By similarity). Interacts with GID8 (By similarity). Interacts with PIWIL2 (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with LMBR1L (PubMed:31073040). Interacts with DDX3X (By similarity). Interacts with BIRC2 (By similarity). Interacts with TNFRSF10B; TNFRSF10B stimulation inhibits GSK3B kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by AKT1 and ILK1. Upon insulin-mediated signaling, the activated PKB/AKT1 protein kinase phosphorylates and deactivates GSK3B, resulting in the dephosphorylation and activation of GYS1. Activated by phosphorylation at Tyr-216. Phosphorylation of Ser-9 in the hippocampus peaks at CT0, whereas in the liver it peaks at CT12. Inactivated by phosphorylation at Ser-9 (By similarity). Phosphorylated in a circadian manner in the hippocampus (PubMed:28556462).

10090:Vgll2
gene id: 10090:Vgll2
uniprot id: Q8BGW8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the vestigial family.
messages: Expressed in the somitic myotome from 8.75 dpc mouse embryos onwards and later on in skeletal muscle but not in the heart. Additional expression domains during development are detected in the pharyngeal pouches and clefts starting at 8.0 dpc as well as in the cranial pharynx and in Rathkes pouch.
messages: Interacts with TEFs. Binds to TEAD1/TEF1.
messages: May act as a specific coactivator for the mammalian TEFs. May play a role in the development of skeletal muscles.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Skeletal muscle specific.

10090:Ints14
gene id: 10090:Ints14
uniprot id: Q8R3P6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the INTS14 family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable component of the Integrator (INT) complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing.

10090:Sh3rf2
gene id: 10090:Sh3rf2
uniprot id: Q8BZT2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the SH3RF family.
messages: Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. Acts as an anti-apoptotic regulator of the JNK pathway by ubiquitinating and promoting the degradation of SH3RF1, a scaffold protein that is required for pro-apoptotic JNK activation. Facilitates TNF-alpha-mediated recruitment of adapter proteins TRADD and RIPK1 to TNFRSF1A and regulates PAK4 protein stability via inhibition of its ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Inhibits PPP1CA phosphatase activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with FASLG and PPP1CA. Interacts with PAK4 and TNFRSF1A. Interacts with DLK1, MAP3K10, MAPK8IP1/JIP1, MAPK8IP2/JIP2 and MAPK8IP3/JIP3. Interacts with RAC1 (both active GTP- or inactive GDP-bound forms).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING finger domain is required for ubiquitin ligase activity and autoubiquitination.

10090:Dlg4
gene id: 10090:Dlg4
uniprot id: Q62108
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in CA1 stratum oriens and stratum radiatum hippocampal neurons (PubMed:26931375). Expressed in the outer plexiform layer of the retina of the eye (at protein level) (PubMed:28334377).
messages: Interacts through its PDZ domains with ANO2 and NETO1 (PubMed:19474308, PubMed:19243221). Interacts with KCNJ4 (By similarity). Interacts through its first two PDZ domains with GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C, GRIN2D (By similarity). Interacts with ERBB4 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA3 and KCNA4 (By similarity). Interacts with SYNGAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ASIC3 (By similarity). Interacts with CXADR (By similarity). Interacts with KCND2 (By similarity). Interacts with SEMA4C (PubMed:11134026). Interacts with LRRC4 and LRRC4B (PubMed:16980967). Interacts through its first PDZ domain with GRIK2 and CRIPT (By similarity). Interacts through its second PDZ domain with the PDZ domain of NOS1 or the C-terminus of CAPON (By similarity). Interacts through its third PDZ domain with NLGN1 and CRIPT, and probably with NLGN2 and NLGN3 (By similarity). Interacts through its guanylate kinase-like domain with DLGAP1/GKAP, DLGAP2, DLGAP3, DLGAP4, MAP1A, BEGAIN, SIPA1L1 and KIF13B (By similarity). Isoform 2 interacts through an L27 domain with HGS/HRS and the first L27 domain of CASK (By similarity). Interacts with ADR1B (PubMed:15358775). Interacts with ANKS1B and PRR7 (By similarity). May interact with HTR2A (PubMed:14988405). Interacts with ADAM22, KLHL17 and LGI1 (PubMed:20089912) (By similarity). Interacts with FRMPD4 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with LRFN1, LRFN2 and LRFN4 (PubMed:16828986). Interacts (via N-terminal tandem pair of PDZ domains) with GPER1 (via C-terminus tail motif); the interaction is direct and induces the increase of GPER1 protein levels residing at the plasma membrane surface in a estradiol-independent manner (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus tandem pair of PDZ domains) with NOS1 (via N-terminal domain) (By similarity). Interacts with SHANK3 (PubMed:24153177). Interacts with KCNJ4 (PubMed:11997254). Interacts with GPR85 (By similarity). Interacts with CACNG2 and MPP2 (via the SH3-Guanylate kinase-like sub-module)…
messages: Mice with a stop codon in the third PDZ domain have impaired spatial learning. NMDA-mediated synaptic plasticity is lost even though receptor levels and localization are unchanged. Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission is enhanced due to minimal long-term depression.
messages: Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation is required for targeting to postsynaptic density, plasma membrane and synapses. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC2 occurs when the synaptic activity decreases and induces DLG4 synaptic clustering. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC15 regulates trafficking to the postsynaptic density and function in synaptogenesis. Palmitoylation may play a role in glutamate receptor GRIA1 synapse clustering. Depalmitoylated by ABHD17A and ABHD17B and to a lesser extent by ABHD17C, ABHD12, ABHD13, LYPLA1 and LYPLA2. Undergoes rapid synaptic palmitoylation/depalmitoylation cycles during neuronal development which slow down in mature neurons.
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Postsynaptic scaffolding protein that plays a critical role in synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity by providing a platform for the postsynaptic clustering of crucial synaptic proteins (PubMed:15358775, PubMed:9853749). Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA receptor subunits and shaker-type potassium channels. Required for synaptic plasticity associated with NMDA receptor signaling. Overexpression or depletion of DLG4 changes the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory synapses in hippocampal neurons. May reduce the amplitude of ASIC3 acid-evoked currents by retaining the channel intracellularly. May regulate the intracellular trafficking of ADR1B. Also regulates AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR) immobilization at postsynaptic density keeping the channels in an activated state in the presence of glutamate and preventing synaptic depression (Probable). Under basal conditions, cooperates with FYN to stabilize palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC5 at the synaptic membrane through FYN-mediated phosphorylation of ZDHHC5 and its subsequent inhibition of association with endocytic proteins (By similarity).
messages: Presynapse
messages: Synapse
messages: The L27 domain near the N-terminus of isoform 2 is required for HGS/HRS-dependent targeting to postsynaptic density.
messages: The PDZ domain 3 mediates interaction with ADR1B.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2 in response to NMDA receptor activation, leading to proteasome-mediated degradation of DLG4 which is required for AMPA receptor endocytosis.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Emc2
gene id: 10090:Emc2
uniprot id: Q6A0D1
uniprot id: Q9CRD2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMC2 family.
messages: Component of the ER membrane protein complex (EMC).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins.
messages: Part of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) that enables the energy-independent insertion into endoplasmic reticulum membranes of newly synthesized membrane proteins. Preferentially accommodates proteins with transmembrane domains that are weakly hydrophobic or contain destabilizing features such as charged and aromatic residues. Involved in the cotranslational insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins in which stop-transfer membrane-anchor sequences become ER membrane spanning helices. It is also required for the post-translational insertion of tail-anchored/TA proteins in endoplasmic reticulum membranes. By mediating the proper cotranslational insertion of N-terminal transmembrane domains in an N-exo topology, with translocated N-terminus in the lumen of the ER, controls the topology of multi-pass membrane proteins like the G protein-coupled receptors. By regulating the insertion of various proteins in membranes, it is indirectly involved in many cellular processes.

10090:Bhlha9
gene id: 10090:Bhlha9
uniprot id: Q5RJB0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 10.5 dpc, expressed in forelimb and hindlimb buds, in the distal mesenchyme below the apical ectodermal ridge. At 11.5 dpc, expression is restricted to the subridge mesenchymal layer, as well as in the dorsal and ventral regions of the developing limbs.
messages: Heterodimer. Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Interacts with TCF3, TCF4, and TCF12.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor, which play a role in limb development. Is an essential player in the regulatory network governing transcription of genes implicated in limb morphogenesis.

10090:Def6
gene id: 10090:Def6
uniprot id: Q8C2K1
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Def6 results in spontaneous development of a lupus-like syndrome in aging female mice. It is characterized by the accumulation of effector/memory T-cells and IgG B-cells, profound hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production, and glomerulonephritis.
messages: Interacts with IRF4, activated RAC1 and F-actin. Both the phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms bind phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdInsP3) (By similarity). Interacts with ZAP70. Interacts with RAB11A (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which plays a role in the activation of Rho GTPases RAC1, RhoA and CDC42 (PubMed:12648457, PubMed:12923183). Can regulate cell morphology in cooperation with activated RAC1 (PubMed:12648457, PubMed:12923183). Involved in immune homeostasis by ensuring proper trafficking and availability of T-cell regulator CTLA-4 at T-cell surface (By similarity). Plays a role in Th2 (T helper cells) development and/or activation, perhaps by interfering with ZAP70 signaling. Required for optimal T-cell effector function, lymphocyte homeostasis and the prevention of systemic autoimmunity (By similarity).
messages: The PH domain is essential for phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate binding.
messages: Thymus.
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated by tyrosine-protein kinase LCK in response to T-cell activation.
messages: Up-regulated in differentiating Th2 cells and down-regulated in Th1 cells.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Fbxo33
gene id: 10090:Fbxo33
uniprot id: Q8VE08
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Part of the SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex SCF(FBXO33) formed of CUL1, SKP1, RBX1 and FBXO33. Interacts via its N-terminus with YBX1 CSD domain. Directly interacts with SKP1 and CUL1 (By similarity).
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. Probably recognizes and binds to phosphorylated target proteins. Recognizes YBX1.

10090:Deup1
gene id: 10090:Deup1
uniprot id: Q7M6Y5
uniprot id: U5KUF9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CEP63 family.
messages: CEP63 and DEUP1 paralogs are both involved in centriole amplification: while CEP63 mediates mother-centriole-dependent centriole duplication, DEUP1 mediates de novo centriole amplification in multiciliated cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly enriched in multicilia-abundant tissues (trachea and oviduct).
messages: Interacts with CEP152; the interaction is mutually exclusive with CEP63.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-22 is the initiator.
messages: Key structural component of the deuterosome, a structure that promotes de novo centriole amplification in multiciliated cells. Deuterosome-mediated centriole amplification occurs in terminally differentiated multiciliated cells and can generate more than 100 centrioles. Probably sufficient for the specification and formation of the deuterosome inner core. Interacts with CEP152 and recruits PLK4 to activate centriole biogenesis.

10090:E2f4
gene id: 10090:E2f4
uniprot id: Q8R0K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the E2F/DP family.
messages: Component of the DRTF1/E2F transcription factor complex. Binds cooperatively with TFDP1/Dp-1 to E2F sites. The E2F4/TFDP1 dimer interacts preferentially with pocket protein RBL1, which inhibits the E2F transactivation domain. Lower affinity interaction has been found with retinoblastoma protein RB1. Interacts with TRRAP, which probably mediates its interaction with histone acetyltransferase complexes, leading to transcription activation. Interacts with HCFC1. Component of the DREAM complex (also named LINC complex) at least composed of E2F4, E2F5, LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, MYBL1, MYBL2, RBL1, RBL2, RBBP4, TFDP1 and TFDP2. The complex exists in quiescent cells where it represses cell cycle-dependent genes. It dissociates in S phase when LIN9, LIN37, LIN52 and LIN54 form a subcomplex that binds to MYBL2. Interacts with PML. Interacts with CEBPA (when phosphorylated) (By similarity).
messages: Differentially phosphorylated in vivo.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Postnatal lethality, probably due to the absence of ciliated cells from the entire airway epithelium and the epithelium of the submucosal glands in the paranasal sinuses. In the nasal epithelium, ciliated cells are replaced by columnar secretory cells that produce mucin-like substances. In the proximal lung, reduction in club cells is also observed. The combination of no ciliated cells and excess mucous cells leads for the chronic rhinitis and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections that cause lethality.
messages: Transcription activator that binds DNA cooperatively with DP proteins through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3' found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The DRTF1/E2F complex functions in the control of cell-cycle progression from G1 to S phase. E2F4 binds with high affinity to RBL1 and RBL2. In some instances can also bind RB1. Specifically required for multiciliate cell differentiation: together with MCIDAS and E2F5, binds and activate genes required for centriole biogenesis.

10090:Glod5
gene id: 10090:Glod5
uniprot id: Q9D8I3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glyoxalase I family.

10090:Plekhd1
gene id: 10090:Plekhd1
uniprot id: B2RPU2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PLEKHD1 family.

10090:Adam26a
gene id: 10090:Adam26a
uniprot id: Q8BMR4
uniprot id: Q9R158
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adult levels are reached by day 20 after birth.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed specifically in testis.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Sperm surface membrane protein that may be involved in spermatogenesis and fertilization.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.

10090:Rnf10
gene id: 10090:Rnf10
uniprot id: D3Z1N2
uniprot id: H7BX06
uniprot id: Q3UIW5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNF10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MEOX2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional factor involved in the regulation of MAG (Myelin-associated glycoprotein) expression and myelin formation in Schwann cells.

10090:Cfap54
gene id: 10090:Cfap54
uniprot id: Q8C6S9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CFAP54 family.
messages: Deficient mice shown hydrocephalus, male infertility, and accumulation of mucus in the sinus cavity. The male infertility is due to severe defects in spermatid flagellar formation.
messages: Expressed at high level in the testis and at a low level in the lung and brain.
messages: Required for assembly and function of cilia and flagella (PubMed:26224312).
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Rab36
gene id: 10090:Rab36
uniprot id: Q8CAM5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity).

10090:Trappc2
gene id: 10090:Trappc2
uniprot id: A2AFP1
uniprot id: Q5J9A9
uniprot id: Q9CQP2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. Sedlin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Expressed in chondrocytes at various stages of differentiation, including proliferating, prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in the distal femoral joint.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex. Interacts with ENO1, PITX1, SF1 and TRAPPC2L (By similarity). Interacts with TRAPPC3.
messages: Prevents ENO1-mediated transcriptional repression and antagonizes ENO1-mediated cell death. May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Galnt2
gene id: 10090:Galnt2
uniprot id: Q6PB93
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has a broad spectrum of substrates for peptides such as EA2, Muc5AC, Muc1a, Muc1b. Probably involved in O-linked glycosylation of the immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) hinge region (By similarity). Involved in O-linked glycosylation of APOC-III, ANGPTL3 and PLTP. It participates in the regulation of HDL-C metabolism (PubMed:27508872).
messages: GALNT2 knockout results in significant embryonic lethality. Surviving mice show decreased body weight, abnormal craniofacial features, and neuro-behavioral abnormalities, including deficits in coordination and impaired responses to acoustic stimuli (PubMed:32293671). Knockout mice have reduced HDL-C levels compared to wild-type littermate (PubMed:27508872).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.
messages: Widely expressed at high level.

10090:Wmp
gene id: 10090:Wmp
uniprot id: Q3V0P9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCAR/WAVE family.
messages: Binds actin and the Arp2/3 complex.
messages: Downstream effector molecule involved in the transmission of signals from tyrosine kinase receptors and small GTPases to the actin cytoskeleton. Promotes formation of actin filaments. Part of the WAVE complex that regulates lamellipodia formation. The WAVE complex regulates actin filament reorganization via its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Nphp3
gene id: 10090:Nphp3
uniprot id: Q7TNH6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Defects in Nphp3 may be the cause of polycystic kidney disease (pcy). Pcy is a recessive disorder causing chronic renal failure. The Pcy phenotype can be slowed by diet modification such as protein restriction, administration of soy-based proteins, administration of methylprednisolone or treatment with V2R antagonist. In contrast administration of bicarbonate/citrate has no effect.
messages: In gastrulation-stage embryos, it is confined to the node between 7.5 and 8.25 dpc In sections of 14.5 and 16.5 dpc. embryos, it is strongly expressed in neural tissue (brain and ganglions). Also weakly expressed included in kidney tubules, retina, respiratory epithelium, biliary tract and liver. In the adult kidney, it is weakly but specifically expressed in distal tubules located at the cortico-medullary border, which corresponds to the site of cyst formation in mice lacking Nphp3. Expressed in retina and liver.
messages: Interacts with NPHP1 and INVS/NPHP2. Interacts (when myristoylated) with UNC119 and UNC119B; interaction is required for localization to cilium (By similarity). Interacts with CEP164 (By similarity). Component of a complex containing at least ANKS6, INVS, NEK8 and NPHP3. ANKS6 may organize complex assembly by linking INVS and NPHP3 to NEK8 and INVS may target the complex to the proximal ciliary axoneme (By similarity).
messages: Mice show situs inversus, congenital heart defects, and embryonic lethality.
messages: Required for normal ciliary development and function. Inhibits disheveled-1-induced canonical Wnt-signaling activity and may also play a role in the control of non-canonical Wnt signaling that regulates planar cell polarity. Probably acts as a molecular switch between different Wnt signaling pathways. Required for proper convergent extension cell movements.
messages: cilium

10090:Hnrnph1
gene id: 10090:Hnrnph1
uniprot id: O35737
uniprot id: Q3TNG9
uniprot id: Q811L7
uniprot id: Q8C2Q7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Each quasi-RRM repeat bound poly(RG), while only the N-terminal QRRM bound poly(RC) and poly(RU). None of the repeats bound detectable amounts of poly(RA).
messages: Part of a ternary complex containing FUBP2, PTBP1, PTBP2 and HNRNPH1. Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with CUGBP1; the interaction is RNA-dependent. Interacts with MBNL1; the interaction in RNA-independent (By similarity).
messages: This protein is a component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes which provide the substrate for the processing events that pre-mRNAs undergo before becoming functional, translatable mRNAs in the cytoplasm. Mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation. Inhibits, together with CUGBP1, insulin receptor (IR) pre-mRNA exon 11 inclusion in myoblast. Binds to the IR RNA. Binds poly(RG) (By similarity).
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Scgb1b3
gene id: 10090:Scgb1b3
uniprot id: J3QJY4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Ccn1
gene id: 10090:Ccn1
uniprot id: P18406
uniprot id: Q3TX21
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCN family.
messages: By growth factors.
messages: Expressed from G(0)/G(1) through mid-G(1) in normal cells, and at a constant level in rapidly growing cells.
messages: Interaction with integrins is heparin- and cell-type-dependent and promotes cell adhesion.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Low in kidney, adrenal gland, testes, brain, and ovary, moderate in heart, uterus, and skeletal muscle, highest in lung.
messages: Promotes cell proliferation, chemotaxis, angiogenesis and cell adhesion. Appears to play a role in wound healing by up-regulating, in skin fibroblasts, the expression of a number of genes involved in angiogenesis, inflammation and matrix remodeling including VEGA-A, VEGA-C, MMP1, MMP3, TIMP1, uPA, PAI-1 and integrins alpha-3 and alpha-5 (By similarity). CCN1-mediated gene regulation is dependent on heparin-binding (By similarity). Down-regulates the expression of alpha-1 and alpha-2 subunits of collagen type-1 (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion and adhesive signaling through integrin alpha-6/beta-1, cell migration through integrin alpha-1/beta-5 and cell proliferation through integrin alpha-v/beta-3 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Brf2
gene id: 10090:Brf2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0C6
uniprot id: Q3UAW9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIB family.
messages: Component of TFIIIB complexes. The TFIIIB complex has two activities, alpha and beta. The TFIIIB-alpha activity complex is composed of TBP, BDP1, and a complex containing both BRF2 and at least four stably associated proteins; this complex inhibits the transcription by pol III via its phosphorylation by CK2; YY1 facilitates the TFIIIB-alpha complex formation. Interacts with TBP; this interaction promotes recruitment of BRF2 to TATA box-containing promoters. Interacts with TBP and the BURE sequence (GC-rich sequence downstream from the TATA box) to form a strong ternary complex which is joined by BDP1; this ternary complex stimulates pol III transcription. Forms a trimeric complex composed of TBP, BRF2 and mini-SNAPc complex (SNAP43, SNAP50, and the N-terminal third of SNAP190) on the promoter. Assembly of the TBP-BRF2 complex is stimulated by SNAP190. Interacts with MAF1 and SNAPC4.
messages: General activator of RNA polymerase III transcription. Factor exclusively required for RNA polymerase III transcription of genes with promoter elements upstream of the initiation sites. Contributes to the regulation of gene expression; functions as activator in the absence of oxidative stress. Down-regulates expression of target genes in response to oxidative stress. Overexpression protects cells against apoptosis in response to oxidative stress.
messages: In response to oxidative stress, Cys-362 is reversibly oxidized to cysteine sulfenic acid. Oxidation of Cys-362 impairs formation of a ternary complex with TBP and DNA and down-regulates expression of target genes in response to oxidative stress.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam83d
gene id: 10090:Fam83d
uniprot id: Q9D7I8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with FBXW7; promotes FBXW7 degradation (By similarity). May interact with RAF1 (By similarity). Interacts with KIF22; recruits KIF22 to mitotic spindle microtubules (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with DYNLL1 (By similarity). Interacts with HMMR (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CSNK1A1/CK1a; in mitotic cells (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated during mitosis.
messages: Through the degradation of FBXW7, may act indirectly on the expression and downstream signaling of MTOR, JUN and MYC (By similarity). May play also a role in cell proliferation through activation of the ERK1/ERK2 signaling cascade (By similarity). May also be important for proper chromosome congression and alignment during mitosis through its interaction with KIF22 (By similarity).
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Olfr1564
gene id: 10090:Olfr1564
uniprot id: K7N6V7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Arl14
gene id: 10090:Arl14
uniprot id: S4R1T9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.

10090:Actl7b
gene id: 10090:Actl7b
uniprot id: Q9QY83
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Testis specific.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Bicc1
gene id: 10090:Bicc1
uniprot id: G3X8S6
uniprot id: Q99MQ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BicC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the adult, predominantly expressed in heart and kidney. In 8 week old mice, expressed in growing primary oocytes and in the stromal cells of the theca.
messages: In the developing embryo, first detected at the rostral tip of the primitive streak, Hensen's node, at the late streak stage. At the late headfold stage, expression demarcates the layer of the node from which definitive endoderm and midline mesoderm arises. At 6-8 somite stage observed in the definitive endoderm. Strong expression is detected in the caudal intestinal portal. At 12-15 somite stage is still present in the hindgut, but transient expression is also seen in tissues of neural and mesodermal origins. At 13 dpc present around all sites of cartilage formation, such as cervical vertebral bodies, ribs and Merckel's cartilage. Additionally, expressed in the derivatives of the pleuroperitoneal membrane, the diaphragm and the pericardium, as well as the mesenchyme of the developing lung. Expressed in both the mesonephros and metanephros.
messages: Interacts (via KH domains) with ANKS6 (via SAM domain) in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with ANKS3 (PubMed:25671767).
messages: Putative RNA-binding protein. May be involved in regulating gene expression during embryonic development.

10090:Tcl1b5
gene id: 10090:Tcl1b5
uniprot id: P56845
uniprot id: Q3UT92
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TCL1 family.

10090:Tcf15
gene id: 10090:Tcf15
uniprot id: Q60756
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Early transcription factor that plays a key role in somitogenesis, paraxial mesoderm development and regulation of stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:7597044, PubMed:8955271, PubMed:23395635, PubMed:32669716, PubMed:24038871). Essential for the mesenchymal to epithelial transition associated with somite formation (PubMed:7597044, PubMed:8955271, PubMed:24038871). Required for somite morphogenesis, thereby regulating patterning of the axial skeleton and skeletal muscles (PubMed:8955271). Required for proper localization of somite epithelium markers during the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (PubMed:24038871). Also plays a key role in regulation of stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:23395635, PubMed:32669716). Promotes pluripotency exit of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) by priming ESCs for differentiation (PubMed:23395635). Acts as a key regulator of self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by mediating HSCs quiescence and long-term self-renewal (PubMed:32669716). Together with MEOX2, regulates transcription in heart endothelial cells to regulate fatty acid transport across heart endothelial cells (PubMed:25561514). Acts by forming a heterodimer with another helix-loop-helix (bHLH) protein, such as TCF3/E12, that binds DNA on E-box motifs (5'-CANNTG-3') and activates transcription of target genes (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:23395635).
messages: Expressed in heart and skeletal muscle (PubMed:8041747, PubMed:7597044). Specifically expressed in a subpopulation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs), that are still undifferentiated but primed for ifferentiation (PubMed:23395635). Expressed in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) (PubMed:32669716).
messages: Expressed in the embryonic day 4.5 embryo (PubMed:23395635). Expressed in paraxial mesoderm and developing somites (PubMed:7729571). At 7.5 dpc, low expression is detected in a subdomain of the primitive mesoderm (PubMed:8041747). At 8.5 dpc, expressed at high levels throughout the uncompartmentalized epithelial somites and in the rostral paraxial mesoderm (PubMed:8041747). By 9.5 dpc, expression is confined to the somite and is most prominent in the myotome and dermatome (PubMed:8041747). At 10 dpc, expression in somite declines in the myotome but persists at high level in the dermatome (PubMed:8041747). At 10.5 dpc, expression is seen only in the somites in the caudal portion of the embryo (PubMed:8041747).
messages: Heterodimer; efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein, such as TCF3/E12 (PubMed:15226298, PubMed:23395635). Interacts with MEOX2 (PubMed:25561514).
messages: Lethality within an hour of birth, possibly caused by rib defects that lead to respiratory distress (PubMed:8955271). At birth, neonates display obvious caudal agenesis with tails that are shortened and curled (PubMed:8955271). They also lack the normal cervical flexure of the vertebral column, and their hindlimbs are curved towards the midline (PubMed:8955271). Neonates also display low-set ears, a thickened neck and loose skin (PubMed:8955271). Defects are caused by impaired formation of somites: cells from the paraxial mesoderm are unable to form epithelia, preventing formation of somites (PubMed:8955271). In the absence of normal somites, the axial skeleton and skeletal muscle form but are improperly patterned (PubMed:8955271). Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) show a specific loss of quiescent stem cells (PubMed:32669716).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fis1
gene id: 10090:Fis1
uniprot id: G3X9U9
uniprot id: Q9CQ92
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FIS1 family.
messages: Interacts with DNM1L/DLP1 through the TPR region. Interacts with MARCHF5. Interacts with MIEF1. Interacts with PEX11A, PEX11B and PEX11G.
messages: Involved in the fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and its perinuclear clustering.
messages: Involved in the fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and its perinuclear clustering. Plays a minor role in the recruitment and association of the fission mediator dynamin-related protein 1 (DNM1L) to the mitochondrial surface and mitochondrial fission. May be not essential for the assembly of functional fission complexes and the subsequent membrane scission event. Can induce cytochrome c release from the mitochondrion to the cytosol, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Also mediates peroxisomal fission.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: The C-terminus is required for mitochondrial localization, while the N-terminus is necessary for mitochondrial fission.
messages: The C-terminus is required for mitochondrial or peroxisomal localization, while the N-terminus is necessary for mitochondrial or peroxisomal fission, localization and regulation of the interaction with DNM1L.
messages: Ubiquitinated by MARCHF5.

10090:Olfr412
gene id: 10090:Olfr412
uniprot id: Q7TRW7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mr1
gene id: 10090:Mr1
uniprot id: Q8HWB0
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Antigen-presenting molecule specialized in displaying microbial pyrimidine-based metabolites to alpha-beta T cell receptors (TCR) on innate-type mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. In complex with B2M preferentially presents riboflavin-derived metabolites to semi-invariant TRAV1 TCRs on MAIT cells, guiding immune surveillance of the microbial metabolome at mucosal epithelial barriers (PubMed:20581831, PubMed:15802267). Signature pyrimidine-based microbial antigens are generated via non-enzymatic condensation of metabolite intermediates of the riboflavin pathway with by-products arising from other metabolic pathways such as glycolysis. Typical potent antigenic metabolites are 5-(2-oxoethylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OE-RU) and 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribitylaminouracil (5-OP-RU), products of condensation of 5-amino-6-D-ribityaminouracil (5-A-RU) with glyoxal or methylglyoxal by-products, respectively. May present microbial antigens to various TRAV1-negative MAIT cell subsets, providing for unique recognition of diverse microbes, including pathogens that do not synthesize riboflavin. Upon antigen recognition, elicits rapid innate-type MAIT cell activation to eliminate pathogenic microbes by directly killing infected cells (By similarity). During T cell development, drives thymic selection and post-thymic terminal differentiation of MAIT cells in a process dependent on commensal microflora (PubMed:12634786, PubMed:31113973). Acts as an immune sensor of cancer cell metabolome. May present a tumor-specific or -associated metabolite essential for cancer cell survival to a pan-cancer TCR on a non-MAIT CD8-positive T cell clone, triggering T cell-mediated killing of a wide range of cancer cell types (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Heterotrimer that consists of MR1, B2M and metabolite antigen (By similarity). Forms reversible covalent Schiff base complexes with the microbial metabolite, which serve as a molecular switch triggering complete folding, stable association with B2M and translocation of the ternary complex from endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane (By similarity). On antigen-presenting cells, the ternary complex interacts with TCR on CD8-positive T cells (By similarity). The molecular machinery involved in antigen processing remains unknown, but appears to be TAP1-TAP2 and proteasome-independent. Structurally, MR1-B2M heterodimer adopts a topology similar to classical MHC class I molecules, with alpha-1 and alpha-2 domains of MR1 forming the antigen-binding cleft composed of two alpha-helices resting on a floor of 7-stranded anti-parallel beta-pleated sheet (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed thymus. Expressed in liver, kidney, spleen, heart, brain, lung, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: MR1 is detected in an open versus folded conformation. Only the folded MR1 conformer activates MAIT cells.
messages: Mutant mice lack invariant MAIT cells due to impaired thymic selection. They show normal development of T, B and NK cells.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Reported to be associated with components of the peptide-loading complex, TAPBP, CALR, CANX and PDIA3 (PubMed:12794138). This association in primary cells and its functional relevance is disputable, given that antigen presentation and MAIT cell activation is shown to be TAP1-TAP2 and proteasome-independent.
messages: The alpha-1 domain is a structural part of antigen-binding cleft.
messages: The alpha-2 domain is a structural part of antigen-binding cleft.

10090:Tbrg4
gene id: 10090:Tbrg4
uniprot id: Q91YM4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAST kinase family.
messages: Expression detected in spleen, testis, colon, heart, smooth muscle, kidney, brain, lung, liver, brown and white adipose tissue with highest expression in testis, heart, smooth muscle and brown adipose tissue.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Plays a role in processing of mitochondrial RNA precursors and in stabilization of a subset of mature mitochondrial RNA species, such as MT-CO1, MT-CO2, MT-CYB, MT-CO3, MT-ND3, MT-ND5 and MT-ATP8/6. May play a role in cell cycle progression.

10090:H13
gene id: 10090:H13
uniprot id: Q9D8V0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A22B family.
messages: Catalyzes intramembrane proteolysis of some signal peptides after they have been cleaved from a preprotein, resulting in the release of the fragment from the ER membrane into the cytoplasm. Required to generate lymphocyte cell surface (HLA-E) epitopes derived from MHC class I signal peptides. Involved in the intramembrane cleavage of the integral membrane protein PSEN1. Cleaves the integral membrane protein XBP1 isoform 1 in a DERL1/RNF139-dependent manner (By similarity). May play a role in graft rejection (PubMed:9354467).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: In the embryo, expression starts at day 6.5.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with RNF139 (PubMed:19720873). Interacts with DERL1 and XBP1 isoform 1 (By similarity).
messages: The first transmembrane domain may act as a type I signal anchor. The PAL motif is required for normal active site conformation.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in liver and kidney. In the brain, expressed predominantly in hippocampus, amygdala, piriform cortex, choroid plexus and arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamic area. Isoform 1 is more strongly expressed than isoform 4 in most tissues except brain and skeletal muscle where isoform 4 is the dominant isoform and in testis where isoform 1 and isoform 4 are expressed at similar levels. In the brain, isoform 4 is not detected in the choroid plexus.

10090:Bicdl1
gene id: 10090:Bicdl1
uniprot id: A0JNT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BICDR family.
messages: Component of secretory vesicle machinery in developing neurons that acts as a regulator of neurite outgrowth. Regulates the secretory vesicle transport by controlling the accumulation of Rab6-containing secretory vesicles in the pericentrosomal region restricting anterograde secretory transport during the early phase of neuronal differentiation, thereby inhibiting neuritogenesis.
messages: Highly expressed during early embryonic development. Predominantly expressed in kidney, undifferentiated neural tissue and developing eye.
messages: Interacts with KIF1C. Interacts with RAB6A and RAB6B; interaction is specific to Rab6.
messages: Predominately expressed in early developing neurons before the stage of neurite outgrowth and elongation. Then, expression strongly declines during neuronal development.
messages: centrosome

10090:Olfr1277
gene id: 10090:Olfr1277
uniprot id: Q8VF41
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pcgf1
gene id: 10090:Pcgf1
uniprot id: Q8R023
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein BCOR complex, a complex required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of some genes, such as BCL6 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, CDKN1A. Transcriptional repressor that may be targeted to the DNA by BCL6; this transcription repressor activity may be related to PKC signaling pathway. Represses CDKN1A expression by binding to its promoter, and this repression is dependent on the retinoic acid response element (RARE element). Promotes cell cycle progression and enhances cell proliferation as well. May have a positive role in tumor cell growth by down-regulating CDKN1A. Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility. Within the PRC1-like complex, regulates RNF2 ubiquitin ligase activity. Regulates the expression of DPPA4 and NANOG in the NT2 embryonic carcinoma cells.
messages: Expressed in the otic vesicle, urogenital bud and dorsal root ganglia at 10.5 dpc, in the neural tube and neural crest cell derivatives of the peripheral nervous system at 11.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with BCORL1, forming heterodimers (By similarity). The PCGF1-BCORL1 heterodimeric complex interacts with the KDM2B-SKP1 heterodimeric complex to form a homotetrameric polycomb repression complex 1 (PRC1.1) (By similarity). Component of the repressive BCOR complex containing a Polycomb group subcomplex at least composed of RYBP, RING1 and RNF2/RING2 (By similarity). Specifically interacts with BCOR, RING1 and RNF2/RING2 (By similarity). Component of a PRC1-like complex (By similarity). Interacts with CBX6, CBX7 and CBX8 (By similarity). Interacts with DPPA4, NANOG, POU5F1 and RYBP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam216a
gene id: 10090:Fam216a
uniprot id: Q9DB54
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM216 family.

10090:Hhip
gene id: 10090:Hhip
uniprot id: Q7TN16
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A flexible loop interacts with the SHH zinc binding site and contributes to zinc binding.
messages: Belongs to the HHIP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: First detected at 8.75 dpc, in the ventral midline of the neural tube and in the ventral medial somites. At 10.5 dpc, expression in the notochord is maintained in the caudal region. Expression is lost in the floor plate, but is retained in the ventral half of the neural tube and in the sclerotome of the adjacent somites. In the midbrain, expression confined to two lateral stripes adjacent to the floor plate. Also expressed in the gut mesenchyme along the length of the gastro-intestinal tract and in the mesenchyme of the posterior half of the limb. Expressed in the underlying mesenchyme of the epithelium of a number of tissues including lung, gut and whisker. Also expressed in the perichondrium and in the androgen-producing interstitial somatic cells of the developing testis.
messages: In the adult brain, high expression found in the ventral cochlear nucleus, medial habenula, indusium griseum and tenia tecta. Some expression also in the caudate putamen, the nucleus accumbens, the ventral pallidum and in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus.
messages: Interacts with all three hedgehog family members, SHH, IHH and DHH.
messages: Modulates hedgehog signaling in several cell types, including brain and lung through direct interaction with members of the hedgehog family. Soluble forms inhibit Shh-induced differentiation in the fibroblast cell line C3H/10T1/2.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mpv17l
gene id: 10090:Mpv17l
uniprot id: D3Z6M3
uniprot id: E9Q4P9
uniprot id: Q99MS3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peroxisomal membrane protein PXMP2/4 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 3 are expressed in the kidney (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the kidney, spleen, heart, brain, lung and liver. Isoform 3 is expressed in the kidney. Isoform 1 and isoform 3 expression increase during development, reache their highest level in adulthood and decrease with aging.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 3 participate in reactive oxygen species metabolism by up- or down-regulation of the genes of antioxidant enzymes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Peroxisome membrane

10090:Kcng4
gene id: 10090:Kcng4
uniprot id: Q80XM3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. G (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv6.4/KCNG4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterotetramer with KCNB1.
messages: Potassium channel subunit that does not form functional channels by itself. Can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1; modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1.
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.

10090:Eola1
gene id: 10090:Eola1
uniprot id: Q9D1F3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EOLA family.
messages: Interacts with MT2A.
messages: May play a role in cell protection during the inflammatory response. In epithelial cells, negatively regulates IL6 production and apoptosis through the regulation of MT2A expression.

10090:Pskh1
gene id: 10090:Pskh1
uniprot id: Q91YA2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activity depends on Ca(2+) concentration.
messages: Autophosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer.
messages: May be a SFC-associated serine kinase (splicing factor compartment-associated serine kinase) with a role in intranuclear SR protein (non-snRNP splicing factors containing a serine/arginine-rich domain) trafficking and pre-mRNA processing.
messages: Myristoylated. Required for membrane association. Prerequisite for palmitoylation to occur (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Palmitoylated.
messages: centrosome

10090:Lman2
gene id: 10090:Lman2
uniprot id: Q9DBH5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds 2 calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Plays a role as an intracellular lectin in the early secretory pathway. Interacts with N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and high-mannose type glycans and may also bind to O-linked glycans. Involved in the transport and sorting of glycoproteins carrying high mannose-type glycans (By similarity).

10090:Pik3c2b
gene id: 10090:Pik3c2b
uniprot id: E9QAN8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type III PI4K subfamily.

10090:Nol6
gene id: 10090:Nol6
uniprot id: Q8R5K4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NRAP family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with RRP7A; required for NOL6 localization to nucleolus.
messages: Probably associated with rRNA.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ptgs1
gene id: 10090:Ptgs1
uniprot id: P22437
uniprot id: Q543T1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prostaglandin G/H synthase family.
messages: Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) group per subunit.
messages: Conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 is mediated by 2 different isozymes: the constitutive PTGS1 and the inducible PTGS2. PTGS1 is expressed constitutively and generally produces prostanoids acutely in response to hormonal stimuli to fine-tune physiological processes requiring instantaneous, continuous regulation (e.g. hemostasis). PTGS2 is inducible and typically produces prostanoids that mediate responses to physiological stresses such as infection and inflammation.
messages: Dual cyclooxygenase and peroxidase in the biosynthesis pathway of prostanoids, a class of C20 oxylipins mainly derived from arachidonate, with a particular role in the inflammatory response. The cyclooxygenase activity oxygenates arachidonate (AA, C20:4(n-6)) to the hydroperoxy endoperoxide prostaglandin G2 (PGG2), and the peroxidase activity reduces PGG2 to the hydroxy endoperoxide PGH2, the precursor of all 2-series prostaglandins and thromboxanes. This complex transformation is initiated by abstraction of hydrogen at carbon 13 (with S-stereochemistry), followed by insertion of molecular O2 to form the endoperoxide bridge between carbon 9 and 11 that defines prostaglandins. The insertion of a second molecule of O2 (bis-oxygenase activity) yields a hydroperoxy group in PGG2 that is then reduced to PGH2 by two electrons. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: PTGS1 and PTGS2 are the targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including aspirin and ibuprofen. Aspirin is able to produce an irreversible inactivation of the enzyme through a serine acetylation. Inhibition of the PGHSs with NSAIDs acutely reduces inflammation, pain, and fever, and long-term use of these drugs reduces fatal thrombotic events, as well as the development of colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease. PTGS2 is the principal isozyme responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. New generation PTGSs inhibitors strive to be selective for PTGS2, to avoid side effects such as gastrointestinal complications and ulceration.
messages: The conversion of arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 is a 2 step reaction: a cyclooxygenase (COX) reaction which converts arachidonate to prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) and a peroxidase reaction in which PGG2 is reduced to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). The cyclooxygenase reaction occurs in a hydrophobic channel in the core of the enzyme. The peroxidase reaction occurs at a heme-containing active site located near the protein surface. The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) binding site corresponds to the cyclooxygenase active site.
messages: The cyclooxygenase activity is inhibited by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, flurbiprofen, anirolac, fenclofenac and diclofenac.

10090:Dyrk4
gene id: 10090:Dyrk4
uniprot id: Q8BI55
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylation on Tyr-379 in the activation loop is required for kinase activity.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MNB/DYRK subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testes.
messages: Possible non-essential role in spermiogenesis.

10090:Ufl1
gene id: 10090:Ufl1
uniprot id: Q8CCJ3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UFL1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: E3 protein ligase that mediates ufmylation, the covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like modifier UFM1 to lysine residues on target proteins, and which plays a key role in reticulophagy (also called ER-phagy) induced in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (By similarity). In response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, recruited to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane by DDRGK1, and mediates ufmylation of proteins such as RPN1 and RPL26/uL24, thereby promoting reticulophagy of endoplasmic reticulum sheets (By similarity). Ufmylation-dependent reticulophagy inhibits the unfolded protein response (UPR) via ERN1/IRE1-alpha (By similarity). Ufmylation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress is essential for processes such as hematopoiesis, blood vessel morphogenesis or inflammatory response (PubMed:25952549, PubMed:29461087, PubMed:30701081). Regulates inflammation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress by promoting reticulophagy, leading to inhibit the activity of the NF-kappa-B transcription factor (By similarity). Mediates ufmylation of DDRGK1 and CDK5RAP3; the role of these modifications is however unclear: as both DDRGK1 and CDK5RAP3 act as substrate adapters for ufmylation, it is uncertain whether ufmylation of these proteins is a collateral effect or is required for ufmylation (By similarity). Catalyzes ufmylation of various subunits of the ribosomal complex or associated components, such as RPS3/uS3, RPS20/uS10, RPL10/uL16, RPL26/uL24 and EIF6 (PubMed:28575669). Anchors CDK5RAP3 in the cytoplasm, preventing its translocation to the nucleus which allows expression of the CCND1 cyclin and progression of cells through the G1/S transition (By similarity). Also involved in the response to DNA damage: recruited to double-strand break sites following DNA damage and mediates monoufmylation of histone H4 (By similarity). Catalyzes ufmylation of TRIP4, thereby playing a role in nuclear receptor-mediated transcription (By similarity). Required for hematopoietic s…
messages: Embryonic lethality caused by impaired erythroid development (PubMed:25952549). Conditional deletion in adult mice results in severe anemia and cytopenia (PubMed:25952549). Cells show elevated endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in bone marrow cells and impaired autophagic degradation (PubMed:25952549). Conditional knockout in cardiomyocytes causes age-dependent cardiomyopathy and heart failure, characterized by elevated cardiac fetal gene expression, increased fibrosis, and impaired cardiac contractility (PubMed:30354401). When challenged with pressure overload, cardiac-specific knockout mice display greater hypertrophy, exacerbated fibrosis, and worsened cardiac contractility compared to wild-type mice counterparts (PubMed:30354401). Conditional knockout in adults causes a significant loss of both Paneth and goblet cells in intestine, which in turn results in dysbiotic microbiota and increased susceptibility to experimentally induced colitis (PubMed:30701081).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with DDRGK1 (via PCI domain) (By similarity). Interacts with UFC1 (By similarity). Interacts with RELA (By similarity). Interacts with TRIP4 (By similarity). Interacts with CDK5RAP3; the interaction is direct (PubMed:21494687, PubMed:30635284). Interacts with NBN; promoting recruitment to double-strand breaks following DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-462 by ATM, enhancing protein ligase activity and promoting ATM activation in a positive feedback loop.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Interaction with CDK5RAP3 protects both proteins against ubiquitination and degradation via the proteasome.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with higher expression in pancreatic islets and other secretory tissues (PubMed:20228063, PubMed:21494687). In the embryonic brain at 17 dpc, detected in Sox2-positive neural stem cells and in Slc1a3/GLAST-positive radial glia (PubMed:20531390). In perinatal brain, highly expressed in Slc1a3-positive Bergmann glia of the cerebellum (PubMed:20531390). Continues to be expressed in Bergmann glia of adult brain at 16 weeks (PubMed:20531390). Expressed in adult heart (PubMed:30354401). Highly expressed in the intestinal exocrine cells (PubMed:30701081).
messages: Up-regulated in hypertrophic hearts (at protein level).
messages: cytosol

10090:Gm13275
gene id: 10090:Gm13275
uniprot id: B1AYI8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rbm12b1
gene id: 10090:Rbm12b1
uniprot id: Q80YR9
names: Sequence Caution
messages: Possible contaminating sequence. The N-terminal 4 residues do not match the underlying genomic sequence.

10090:Hmgcl
gene id: 10090:Hmgcl
uniprot id: P38060
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HMG-CoA lyase family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Can also form homotetramers.
messages: Mitochondrial 3-hydroxymethyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase that catalyzes a cation-dependent cleavage of (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA into acetyl-CoA and acetoacetate, a key step in ketogenesis. Terminal step in leucine catabolism. Ketone bodies (beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone) are essential as an alternative source of energy to glucose, as lipid precursors and as regulators of metabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Peroxisome

10090:Olfr884
gene id: 10090:Olfr884
uniprot id: Q7TRE1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ucp1
gene id: 10090:Ucp1
uniprot id: P12242
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Expressed in brown adipose tissue.
messages: Has no constitutive proton transporter activity and has to be activated by long-chain fatty acids/LCFAs. Inhibited by purine nucleotides. Both purine nucleotides and LCFAs bind the cytosolic side of the transporter and directly compete to activate or inhibit it (PubMed:23063128). Activated by noradrenaline and reactive oxygen species (PubMed:27027295).
messages: May undergo ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation.
messages: Mice lacking Ucp1 display an absence of adaptive thermogenesis in response to cold. Compared to wild-type mice, they are sensitive to cold and consume less oxygen upon treatment with beta-3-adrenergic-receptor agonists that normally activate thermogenesis (PubMed:9139827, PubMed:19187776). They also display impaired adaptive thermogenesis in response to diet variation (PubMed:19187776). If they display lipid accumulation in adipocytes of brown adipose tissues, no overt obesity is observed when mice are housed under classical conditions, i.e. 18 to 20 degrees Celsius (PubMed:9139827). However, when mice are housed at thermoneutrality, i.e. at 30 degrees Celsius, obesity is clearly observed and exacerbated by high fat diet (PubMed:19187776). The brown adipose tissue of mice lacking Ucp1 produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species (PubMed:20416274, PubMed:20466728).
messages: Mitochondrial protein responsible for thermogenic respiration, a specialized capacity of brown adipose tissue and beige fat that participates in non-shivering adaptive thermogenesis to temperature and diet variations and more generally to the regulation of energy balance (PubMed:9139827, PubMed:19187776, PubMed:23063128, PubMed:27027295). Functions as a long-chain fatty acid/LCFA and proton symporter, simultaneously transporting one LCFA and one proton through the inner mitochondrial membrane. However, LCFAs remaining associated with the transporter via their hydrophobic tails, it results in an apparent transport of protons activated by LCFAs. Thereby, dissipates the mitochondrial proton gradient and converts the energy of substrate oxydation into heat instead of ATP (PubMed:23063128). Regulates the production of reactive oxygen species/ROS by mitochondria (PubMed:20416274, PubMed:20466728).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Most probably functions as a monomer. Binds one purine nucleotide per monomer. However, has also been suggested to function as a homodimer or a homotetramer. Tightly associates with cardiolipin in the mitochondrion inner membrane; may stabilize and regulate its activity.
messages: Sulfenylation at Cys-254 is increased upon cold exposure. It increases the sensitivity of UCP1 thermogenic function to the activation by noradrenaline probably through structural effects.
messages: Up-regulated in response to cold in brown adipose tissue where it may regulate non-shivering thermogenesis (at protein level) (PubMed:20466728, PubMed:25578880). Up-regulated by high-fat diet (at protein level) (PubMed:19187776).

10090:Klhl11
gene id: 10090:Klhl11
uniprot id: Q8CE33
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Component of a cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading most often to their proteasomal degradation.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CUL3. Component of a cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity).

10090:Rhox10
gene id: 10090:Rhox10
uniprot id: Q4TU83
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mtus2
gene id: 10090:Mtus2
uniprot id: Q3UHD3
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aberrant splicing.
messages: Binds microtubules. Together with MAPRE1 may target the microtubule depolymerase KIF2C to the plus-end of microtubules. May regulate the dynamics of microtubules at their growing distal tip (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in heart from early embryonic development onwards. Later during embryonic development, expressed in brain and nervous system, in limb buds and in the epithelium lining the bronchia of the lung. Detected in adult brain, heart and eye, but not detected in other adult tissues examined.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with KIF2C and MAPRE1; the interaction is direct and probably targets MTUS2 and KIF2C to microtubules (By similarity).
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the MTUS1 family.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Obox6
gene id: 10090:Obox6
uniprot id: G3X9U1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Capn15
gene id: 10090:Capn15
uniprot id: A0A1D5RLS3
uniprot id: Q9JLG8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Highly expressed in the brain and eye during development (PubMed:32885237). Expressed in olfactory bulbs (at protein level) (PubMed:10708520).
messages: Knockout animals show significantly reduced viability. Homozygous knockout mice also weigh significantly less than their wild-type or heterozygous littermates. These mice also display severe developmental eye defects, including anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and cataract, and the presence of these phenotypes is significantly increased compared to wild-type or heterozygous mice.

10090:Zfp263
gene id: 10090:Zfp263
uniprot id: Q8CF60
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: An isoform of Znf263 lacking residues 1-288 was described, however this paper was retracted due to concerns about the validity of figures published in the paper.
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in Purkinje cells in the brain (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with a number of proteins involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional corepression including DNMT1, DNMT3A, HDAC2, PHF8, TRIM28/KAP1, SETDB1, EZH2, UHRF1, CBX3/HP1-gamma, and CBX5/HP1-alpha; recruits these proteins to the SIX3 promoter region, leading to SIX3 transcriptional repression (By similarity). Interacts with MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that binds to the consensus sequence 5'-TCCTCCC-3' and acts as a transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Binds to the promoter region of SIX3 and recruits other proteins involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional corepression, resulting in methylation of the promoter and transcriptional repression (By similarity). Acts as transcriptional repressor of HS3ST1 and HS3ST3A1 via binding to gene promoter regions (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Lrit1
gene id: 10090:Lrit1
uniprot id: Q8K099
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Possible role in phototransduction.

10090:Pml
gene id: 10090:Pml
uniprot id: Q60953
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-497 is essential for its nuclear localization. Deacetylated at Lys-497 by SIRT1 and this deacetylation promotes PML control of PER2 nuclear localization (By similarity).
messages: Binds arsenic via the RING-type zinc finger.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Functions via its association with PML-nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) in a wide range of important cellular processes, including tumor suppression, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, senescence, DNA damage response, and viral defense mechanisms. Acts as the scaffold of PML-NBs allowing other proteins to shuttle in and out, a process which is regulated by SUMO-mediated modifications and interactions. Positively regulates p53/TP53 by acting at different levels (by promoting its acetylation and phosphorylation and by inhibiting its MDM2-dependent degradation). Regulates phosphorylation of ITPR3 and plays a role in the regulation of calcium homeostasis at the endoplasmic reticulum. Regulates RB1 phosphorylation and activity. Acts as both a negative regulator of PPARGC1A acetylation and a potent activator of PPAR signaling and fatty acid oxidation. Regulates translation of HIF1A by sequestering MTOR, and thereby plays a role in neoangiogenesis and tumor vascularization. Regulates PER2 nuclear localization and circadian function. Cytoplasmic PML is involved in the regulation of the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Required for normal development of the brain cortex during embryogenesis. Plays a role in granulopoiesis or monopoiesis of myeloid progenitor cells. May play a role regulating stem and progenitor cell fate in tissues as diverse as blood, brain and breast. Shows antiviral activity towards lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV).
messages: Key component of PML bodies. PML bodies are formed by the interaction of PML homodimers (via SUMO-binding motif) with sumoylated PML, leading to the assembly of higher oligomers. Several types of PML bodies have been observed. PML bodies can form hollow spheres that can sequester target proteins inside. Interacts (via SUMO-binding motif) with sumoylated proteins. Interacts (via C-terminus) with p53/TP53. Recruits p53/TP53 and CHEK2 into PML bodies, which promotes p53/TP53 phosphorylation at 'Ser-20' and prevents its proteasomal degradation. Interacts with MDM2, and sequesters MDM2 in the nucleolus, thereby preventing ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Interaction with PML-RARA oncoprotein and certain viral proteins causes disassembly of PML bodies and abolishes the normal PML function. Interacts with TERT, SIRT1, TOPBP1, TRIM27 and TRIM69. Interacts with ELF4 (via C-terminus). Interacts with Lassa virus Z protein and rabies virus phosphoprotein. Interacts (in the cytoplasm) with TGFBR1, TGFBR2 and PKM. Interacts (via the coiled-coil domain and when sumoylated) with SATB1. Interacts with UBE2I; the interaction is enhanced by arsenic binding. Interacts with SMAD2, SMAD3, DAXX, RPL11, HIPK2 and MTOR. Interacts with ITPR3, PPP1A and RB1. Interacts with RNF4, NLRP3, MAGEA2, RBL2, PER2, E2F4 and MAPK7/BMK1. Interacts with CSNK2A1 and CSNK2A3. Interacts with ANKRD2; the interaction is direct. Interacts with PPARGC1A and KAT2A. Interacts (via SUMO-interacting motif) with sumoylated MORC3 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM16. Interacts with PRDM1 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and are fertile. They show leukopenia with reduced levels of circulating granulocytes and myeloid cells. They are highly susceptible to infections, causing a reduced life span. Mice do not exhibit normal apoptosis of hematopoietic stem cells after DNA damage due to irradiation. They do not exhibit normal apoptosis in response to FAS, TNF, TGFB1, interferons and ceramide, and show impaired activation of caspases in response to pro-apoptotic stimuli. Mice are highly susceptible to chemical carcinogens. Mice display accelerated revascularization after ischemia. Newborns have smaller brains with a reduced size of the brain cortex. Mice display aberrant learning and memory, lower levels of anxiety-like behavior and specific deficits in long-term plasticity. Mice display a compromised endogenous circadian clock with reduced precision and stability of the period length.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylation is a major regulatory mechanism that controls PML protein abundance and the number and size of PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs). Phosphorylated in response to DNA damage, probably by ATR. HIPK2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-17, Ser-45 and Ser-47 leads to increased accumulation of PML protein and its sumoylation and is required for the maximal pro-apoptotic activity of PML after DNA damage. MAPK1- mediated phosphorylations at Ser-404, Ser-515 and Ser-540 and CDK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-528 promote PIN1-dependent PML degradation. CK2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-575 primes PML ubiquitination via an unidentified ubiquitin ligase (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylation regulates PML's: stability in response to extracellular or intracellular stimuli, transcription directly and indirectly, through sequestration of or dissociation of the transcription factors from PML-NBs, ability to regulate apoptosis and its anti-viral activities. It is also essential for: maintaining proper PML nuclear bodies (PML-NBs) structure and normal function, recruitment of components of PML-NBs, the turnover and retention of PML in PML-NBs and the integrity of PML-NBs. Undergoes 'Lys-11'-linked sumoylation. Sumoylation on all three sites (Lys-70, Lys-165 and Lys-500) is required for nuclear body formation. Sumoylation on Lys-165 is a prerequisite for sumoylation on Lys-70. Lys-70 and Lys-165 are sumoylated by PISA1 and PIAS2. PIAS1-mediated sumoylation of PML promotes its interaction with CSNK2A1/CK2 and phosphorylation at Ser-575 which in turn triggers its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Sumoylation at Lys-500 by RANBP2 is essential for the proper assembly of PML-NBs. Desumoylated by SENP1, SENP2, SENP3, SENP5 and SENP6 (By similarity).
messages: The Sumo interaction motif (SIM) is required for efficient ubiquitination, recruitment of proteasome components within PML-NBs and PML degradation in response to arsenic trioxide.
messages: The coiled-coil domain mediates a strong homo/multidimerization activity essential for core assembly of PML-NBs.
messages: Ubiquitinated; mediated by RNF4, RNF111, UHRF1, UBE3A/E6AP, BCR(KLHL20) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, SIAH1 or SIAH2 and leading to subsequent proteasomal degradation. 'Lys-6'-, 'Lys-11'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF4 is polysumoylation-dependent (By similarity). Ubiquitination by RNF111 is polysumoylation-dependent (PubMed:23530056). Ubiquitination by BCR(KLHL20) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex requires CDK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-528 which in turn is recognized by prolyl-isopeptidase PIN1 and PIN1-catalyzed isomerization further potentiates PML interaction with KLHL20 (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Krtap6-2
gene id: 10090:Krtap6-2
uniprot id: O08884
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 6 family.
messages: Expressed in skin during two hair growth cycles. Expression restricted to the cortical cells of hair follicles, appearing first in the cortical cells processing the flat nuclei located a few cells above the dermal papilla.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Lca5l
gene id: 10090:Lca5l
uniprot id: A0A5H1ZRL0
uniprot id: Q8C0X0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCA5 family.

10090:Zic1
gene id: 10090:Zic1
uniprot id: P46684
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator. Involved in neurogenesis. Plays important roles in the early stage of organogenesis of the CNS, as well as during dorsal spinal cord development and maturation of the cerebellum. Involved in the spatial distribution of mossy fiber (MF) neurons within the pontine gray nucleus (PGN). Plays a role in the regulation of MF axon pathway choice. Promotes MF migration towards ipsilaterally-located cerebellar territories. May have a role in shear flow mechanotransduction in osteocytes. Retains nuclear GLI1 and GLI3 in the cytoplasm. Binds to the minimal GLI-consensus sequence 5'-TGGGTGGTC-3'.
messages: Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in osteoblasts (at protein level). Expressed in the CNS. A high level expression is seen in the cerebellum, while a low level expression is seen in the olfactory bulb, diencephalon, and brainstem. Expressed in lumbar spine and iliac crest.
messages: Expressed in progenitor cells in the dorsal third of the ventricular zone at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in newly emerging pontine gray nucleus (PGN) precursor cells of the extramural migratory stream (ems) between 12.5 and 14.5 dpc. Expressed in precerebellar mossy fiber (MF) neurons of the PGN (located either rostromedially or caudolaterally) persisted through at least P8 after birth (at protein level). In the early embryonic stage, it is expressed in the dorsal half of the neural tube and adjacent mesenchyme, and in the developing cerebellum it is expressed persistently in the granule cell lineage throughout the prenatal and postnatal periods.
messages: Interacts (via the C2H2-type domains 3, 4 and 5) with MDFIC (via the C2H2-type domains 3, 4 and 5). Interacts with GLI1; the interaction enhances transcription activation. Interacts with GLI2. Interacts with GLI3; the interaction enhances transcription activation.
messages: Mice show a cell mass decrease of the spinal dorsal horn, hypoplasia and abnormal foliation patterns in the cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C2H2-type 3, 4 and 5 zinc finger domains are necessary for transcription activation.

10090:Trit1
gene id: 10090:Trit1
uniprot id: Q80UN9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IPP transferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of a dimethylallyl group onto the adenine at position 37 of both cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs, leading to the formation of N6-(dimethylallyl)adenosine (i6A37) (PubMed:23289710). Mediates modification of a limited subset of tRNAs: tRNA(Ser)(AGA), tRNA(Ser)(CGA), tRNA(Ser)(UGA), as well as partial modification of the selenocysteine tRNA(Ser)(UCA) (By similarity). TRIT1 is therefore required for selenoprotein expression (PubMed:23289710).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atf2
gene id: 10090:Atf2
uniprot id: P16951
uniprot id: Q543G2
uniprot id: Q640L6
uniprot id: Q68FE3
uniprot id: Q8CBR9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Appears to have histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, specifically towards histones H2B and H4 in vitro (By similarity). However, it is not clear if this activity is genuine or caused by contamination with other histone acetyltransferases in the assay.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer and can form a homodimer in the absence of DNA. Can form a heterodimer with JUN. Heterodimerization is essential for its transcriptional activity. Interacts with SMAD3 and SMAD4. Interacts with the HK1/VDAC1 complex. Interacts with NBN, MRE11, XPO1, KAT5 and CUL3 (By similarity). Binds through its N-terminal region to UTF1 which acts as a coactivator of ATF2 transcriptional activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-51 by MAPK14 and MAPK11, and at Thr-53 by MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK11, MAPK12 and MAPK14 in response to external stimulus like insulin causes increased transcriptional activity. Phosphorylated by PLK3 following hyperosmotic stress. Also phosphorylated and activated by JNK and CaMK4. ATM-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-472 and Ser-480 stimulates its function in DNA damage response. Phosphorylation at Ser-44, Thr-55 and Ser-103 activates its transcriptional activity. Phosphorylation at Thr-51 or Thr-53 enhances acetylation of histones H2B and H4.
messages: Transcriptional activator which regulates the transcription of various genes, including those involved in anti-apoptosis, cell growth, and DNA damage response. Dependent on its binding partner, binds to CRE (cAMP response element) consensus sequences (5'-TGACGTCA-3') or to AP-1 (activator protein 1) consensus sequences (5'-TGACTCA-3'). In the nucleus, contributes to global transcription and the DNA damage response, in addition to specific transcriptional activities that are related to cell development, proliferation and death. In the cytoplasm, interacts with and perturbs HK1- and VDAC1-containing complexes at the mitochondrial outer membrane, thereby impairing mitochondrial membrane potential, inducing mitochondrial leakage and promoting cell death. The phosphorylated form (mediated by ATM) plays a role in the DNA damage response and is involved in the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced S phase checkpoint control and in the recruitment of the MRN complex into the IR-induced foci (IRIF). Exhibits histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity which specifically acetylates histones H2B and H4 in vitro. In concert with CUL3 and RBX1, promotes the degradation of KAT5 thereby attenuating its ability to acetylate and activate ATM. Can elicit oncogenic or tumor suppressor activities depending on the tissue or cell type (By similarity).

10090:Ddx5
gene id: 10090:Ddx5
uniprot id: Q8BTS0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX5/DBP2 subfamily.

10090:Arl14ep
gene id: 10090:Arl14ep
uniprot id: Q8BIX3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ARL14 and MYO1E.
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: Through its interaction with ARL14 and MYO1E, may connect MHC class II-containing cytoplasmic vesicles to the actin network and hence controls the movement of these vesicles along the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic cells.

10090:Tmod3
gene id: 10090:Tmod3
uniprot id: Q3TFA9
uniprot id: Q9JHJ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tropomodulin family.
messages: Binds to the N-terminus of tropomyosin and to actin.
messages: Blocks the elongation and depolymerization of the actin filaments at the pointed end. The Tmod/TM complex contributes to the formation of the short actin protofilament, which in turn defines the geometry of the membrane skeleton (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Sh3glb2
gene id: 10090:Sh3glb2
uniprot id: Q8R3V5
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the endophilin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with SH3GLB1.
messages: Intron retention.

10090:Rab11b
gene id: 10090:Rab11b
uniprot id: P46638
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in brain, heart and testis. Also detected in kidney and pancreatic islets.
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 (PubMed:22935415). Interacts with RAB11FIP1, RAB11FIP2, RAB11FIP3 and RAB11FIP4 (By similarity). May interact with TBC1D14 (By similarity). Interacts with ATP6V1E1 (By similarity). Interacts with PI4KB (By similarity). Interacts (GDP-bound form) with ZFYVE27 (By similarity). Interacts (GDP-bound form) with KIF5A in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with RELCH (PubMed:29514919). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with TBC1D8B (via domain Rab-GAP TBC) (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The small Rab GTPase RAB11B plays a role in endocytic recycling, regulating apical recycling of several transmembrane proteins including cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator/CFTR, epithelial sodium channel/ENaC, potassium voltage-gated channel, and voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel. May also regulate constitutive and regulated secretion, like insulin granule exocytosis. Required for melanosome transport and release from melanocytes. Also regulates V-ATPase intracellular transport in response to extracellular acidosis.
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Olfr137
gene id: 10090:Olfr137
uniprot id: Q8VFC2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lats2
gene id: 10090:Lats2
uniprot id: Q7TSJ6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated and phosphorylated during M-phase and the G1/S-phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylated and activated by STK3/MST2. Phosphorylation by NUAK2 may regulate its activity in phosphorylation and inactivation YAP1.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in ovary and testis and at lower levels in all other tissues examined.
messages: Interacts with and is phosphorylated by AURKA. Binds to AR (By similarity). Interacts with AJUBA during mitosis and this complex regulates organization of the spindle apparatus through recruitment of gamma-tubulin to the centrosome. Interacts (via PPxY motif) with YAP1 (via WW domains). Interacts with MOB1A and MOB1B (By similarity). Interacts with LIMD1, WTIP and AJUBA (By similarity). Interacts with SNAI1 (By similarity).
messages: Negative regulator of YAP1 in the Hippo signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. Acts as a tumor suppressor which plays a critical role in centrosome duplication, maintenance of mitotic fidelity and genomic stability. Negatively regulates G1/S transition by down-regulating cyclin E/CDK2 kinase activity. Negative regulator of the androgen receptor. Phosphorylates SNAI1 in the nucleus leading to its nuclear retention and stabilization, which enhances its epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor cell invasion/migration activities. This tumor-promoting activity is independent of its effects upon YAP1 or WWTR1/TAZ (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Zkscan4
gene id: 10090:Zkscan4
uniprot id: Q5SZT6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm4922
gene id: 10090:Gm4922
uniprot id: Q8C0N0
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Smok subfamily.
messages: May play a role in sperm motility, especially in the regulation of flagellar function.

10090:Olfr175
gene id: 10090:Olfr175
uniprot id: A0A140T8K4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lima1
gene id: 10090:Lima1
uniprot id: Q9ERG0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-binding protein involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation and dynamics. Increases the number and size of actin stress fibers and inhibits membrane ruffling. Inhibits actin filament depolymerization. Bundles actin filaments, delays filament nucleation and reduces formation of branched filaments (By similarity). Plays a role in cholesterol homeostasis. Influences plasma cholesterol levels through regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption. May act as a scaffold protein by regulating NPC1L1 transportation, an essential protein for cholesterol absorption, to the plasma membrane by recruiting MYO5B to NPC1L1, and thus facilitates cholesterol uptake (PubMed:29880681).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains at least 2 actin-binding domains, one on each side of the LIM domain. Both domains bind actin monomers and filaments. The C-terminal domain binds filaments more efficiently than the N-terminus (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice display reduced dietary cholesterol absorption.
messages: Highly expressed in the small intestine, including the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Low expression in the liver and very low expressed in the heart, spleen, lung, brain, and pancreas (PubMed:29880681). Isoform Alpha is highly expressed in embryos from day 7-11 and in adult spleen and lung. Isoform Beta expression is highest in adult kidney, testis, lung and liver, intermediate in heart, brain, spleen, skeletal muscle and low in embryos.
messages: Interacts with NPC1L1; bridges NPC1L1 with MYO5B (PubMed:29880681). Interacts with MYO5B; bridges MYO5B with NPC1L1 (PubMed:29880681). Interacts with PXN; this complex stabilizes actin dynamics (By similarity). Binds to G-actin and F-actin (PubMed:17875928) (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation of the C-terminal region by MAPK1/MAPK3 reduces its association with F-actin and contributes to actin filament reorganization and enhances cell motility.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: ruffle
messages: stress fiber

10090:BC049352
gene id: 10090:BC049352
uniprot id: E9Q2Z6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Abracl
gene id: 10090:Abracl
uniprot id: E9QMV2
uniprot id: Q4KML4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the costars family.

10090:Pla1a
gene id: 10090:Pla1a
uniprot id: Q8VI78
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
messages: Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the acyl group attached at the sn-1 position of phosphatidylserines (phospholipase A1 activity) and 1-acyl-2-lysophosphatidylserines (lysophospholipase activity) in the pathway of phosphatidylserines acyl chain remodeling (By similarity). Cleaves phosphatidylserines exposed on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of apoptotic cells producing 2-acyl-1-lysophosphatidylserines, which in turn enhance mast cell activation and histamine production. Has no activity toward other glycerophospholipids including phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidic acids or phosphatidylinositols, or glycerolipids such as triolein (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Pou4f2
gene id: 10090:Pou4f2
uniprot id: Q63934
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-4 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) (PubMed:21875655, PubMed:23805044). Expressed in mature osteoclasts (PubMed:17668438). Expressed in cells of layers of the superior colliculus and the adjacent periaqueductal gray (at protein level) (PubMed:7691107). Expressed in the brain, peripheral sensory nervous system and retina (PubMed:7904822). Expressed in the optical, intermediate, and deep gray areas of the superior colliculus, the dorsal column of the mesencephalic and pontine central gray, and the lateral interpeduncular nucleus of the brain (PubMed:7904822). Expressed predominantly in postmitotic, terminally differentiated neurons (PubMed:7904822). Expressed in ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina (PubMed:7691107, PubMed:23805044).
messages: Isoform 2: Interacts with POU4F1 isoform 1; this interaction inhibits both POU4F1 DNA-binding and transcriptional activities (PubMed:8537352). Isoform 2: Interacts (C-terminus) with ESR1 (via DNA-binding domain); this interaction increases the estrogen receptor ESR1 transcriptional activity in a DNA- and ligand 17-beta-estradiol-independent manner (PubMed:9448000). Isoform 2: Interacts (via C-terminus) with TP53 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:17145718). Interacts with DLX1 (via homeobox DNA-binding domain); this interaction suppresses DLX1-mediated transcriptional activity in postnatal retina enhancing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation (PubMed:21875655). Interacts with DLX2 (via homeobox DNA-binding domain); this interaction enhances RGC differentiation (PubMed:21875655). Isoform 1: Interacts (via C-terminus) with ISL1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:24643061). Isoform 1: Interacts with ISL2 (PubMed:24643061). Isoform 1: Interacts with LHX2 (PubMed:24643061).
messages: Mice develop to adulthood and are fertile (PubMed:8637595). Show a reduction in the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and a thinner optic nerve compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:8637595, PubMed:8632990, PubMed:10357904). Show RGC axon pathfinding alterations along the central visual pathways (PubMed:10357904, PubMed:11163266). Show an alteration in the expression levels for several genes involved in the differentiation of RGCs (PubMed:24643061, PubMed:25775587). Display an increase in DLX1 and DLX2 mRNA expression in the embryonic retina, especially in the ganglion cell layer (PubMed:21875655).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The N-terminal transcriptional activation region is sufficient to induce transcriptional activity.
messages: The POU-specific domain and POU homeodomain regions are necessary for DNA-binding activity and transcriptional repression.
messages: The polyhistidine motif acts as a targeting signal to nuclear speckles.
messages: Tissue-specific DNA-binding transcription factor involved in the development and differentiation of target cells (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:8995448, PubMed:8972215, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:10414983, PubMed:11163266, PubMed:17668438, PubMed:25775587). Functions either as activator or repressor by modulating the rate of target gene transcription through RNA polymerase II enzyme in a promoter-dependent manner (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:7935408, PubMed:8065921, PubMed:7852360, PubMed:7797498, PubMed:8662774, PubMed:9694219, PubMed:10526314, PubMed:15733064, PubMed:17145718, PubMed:18368538). Binds to the consensus octamer motif 5'-AT[A/T]A[T/A]T[A/T]A-3' of promoter of target genes (PubMed:7904822, PubMed:8290353, PubMed:9111308, PubMed:10414983, PubMed:16152597, PubMed:17668438, PubMed:24643061). Plays a fundamental role in the gene regulatory network essential for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) differentiation (PubMed:8632990, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:25775587). Binds to an octamer site to form a ternary complex with ISL1; cooperates positively with ISL1 and ISL2 to potentiate transcriptional activation of RGC target genes being involved in RGC fate commitment in the developing retina and RGC axon formation and pathfinding (PubMed:8995448, PubMed:9261145, PubMed:8972215, PubMed:10357904, PubMed:11163266, PubMed:24643061, PubMed:25775587). Inhibits DLX1 and DLX2 transcriptional activities preventing DLX1- and DLX2-mediated ability to promote amacrine cell fate specification (PubMed:21875655). In cooperation with TP53 potentiates transcriptional activation of BAX promoter activity increasing neuronal cell apoptosis (PubMed:17145718). Negatively regulates BAX promoter activity in the absence of TP53 (PubMed:17145718). Acts as a transcriptional coactivator via its interaction with the transcription factor ESR1 by enhancing its effect on estrogen response element (ERE)-containing promoter (PubMed:9448000). Antagonizes the transcriptional stimulatory activity of POU4F1 by preventing …
messages: Up-regulated by the osteoclast differentiation factor TNFSF11 (PubMed:17668438). Down-regulated upon neuronal differentiation (PubMed:8995448). Down-regulated in presence of retinoic acid (PubMed:7904822). Down-regulated by dibutyryl cyclic AMP (PubMed:8065921).
messages: Weakly expressed in the dorsal root ganglion neurons at 10.5 dpc, the expression increases at least until 15.5 dpc (PubMed:22326227). Expressed in the developing ganglion cell layer of the retina at 12.5, 13.5 and 16.5 dpc (PubMed:8632990). Expressed in the outer margin of the retina at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:10414983). Expressed in embryonic heart from 13.5 dpc until birth (at protein level) (PubMed:18368538). Expressed in the developing spinal cord from 13 dpc until postnatal day 1 (PubMed:8290353, PubMed:8537352). Expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGC) at 13.5 dpc, peaks at 15.5 dpc, declining later in development (PubMed:8637595).

10090:Wls
gene id: 10090:Wls
uniprot id: Q6DID7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the wntless family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected at 6.25 dpc in the proximal epiblast at the junction between the embryonic and extraembryonic tissue. Later expression is more restricted to the primitive streak and mesoderm extending to the distal tip of the embryo. Strong expression is found in both posterior visceral endoderm and epiblast at the prestreak, but switched to the mesoderm at late-streak.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain, skeletal muscle, heart muscle, lung, gut, liver, and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:20652957). In the brain, expressed in the cortex, striatum, hippocampus and to a lesser extent in the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:20652957). Expressed in kidney, lung, skin, intestine, brain, spinal cord, skeleton, eyes, excretion glands, tooth and palatal shelves (PubMed:19841259). In the cerebellum, expressed in Purkinje cells (PubMed:19841259).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with WNT3A (By similarity). Interacts with WNT1, WNT3 and WNT5.
messages: Mice display embryonic lethality before 10.5 dpc. Embryos show defects in the establishment of the body axis and in the primitive streak and mesoderm formation.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Regulates Wnt proteins sorting and secretion in a feedback regulatory mechanism. This reciprocal interaction plays a key role in the regulation of expression, subcellular location, binding and organelle-specific association of Wnt proteins. Also plays an important role in establishment of the anterior-posterior body axis formation during development.
messages: Up-regulated by WNT1. Transcriptionally activated by beta-catenin and by LEF/TCF-dependent transcription.

10090:Eras
gene id: 10090:Eras
uniprot id: Q7TN89
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Alternates between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP).
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in several undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cell lines.
messages: Interacts with PIK3CD.
messages: Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Plays an important role in the tumor-like growth properties of embryonic stem cells.

10090:Dnajb6
gene id: 10090:Dnajb6
uniprot id: O54946
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Has a stimulatory effect on the ATPase activity of HSP70 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner and hence acts as a co-chaperone of HSP70 (PubMed:18373498). Plays an indispensable role in the organization of KRT8/KRT18 filaments. Acts as an endogenous molecular chaperone for neuronal proteins including huntingtin. Suppresses aggregation and toxicity of polyglutamine-containing, aggregation-prone proteins. Also reduces cellular toxicity and caspase-3 activity (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with BAG3, HSPB8 and STUB1 (By similarity). Interacts with ALKBH1 (PubMed:18163532). Interacts with HSP70, KRT18 and PTTG (By similarity). Interacts with Slfn1; promoting nuclear translocation of Slfn1 (PubMed:18373498).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Z line
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ang
gene id: 10090:Ang
uniprot id: P21570
uniprot id: Q3TBG7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with and forms a tight 1:1 complex with RNH1. Dimerization of two such complexes may occur (By similarity).
messages: Ribonuclease that cleaves tRNA within anticodon loops to produce tRNA-derived stress-induced fragments (tiRNAs) which inhibit protein synthesis and triggers the assembly of stress granules (SGs) (PubMed:19114040, PubMed:33986151). Binds to actin on the surface of endothelial cells; once bound, angiogenin is endocytosed and translocated to the nucleus (By similarity). Stimulates ribosomal RNA synthesis including that containing the initiation site sequences of 45S rRNA (By similarity). Angiogenin induces vascularization of normal and malignant tissues (By similarity). Angiogenic activity is regulated by interaction with RNH1 in vivo (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: nucleolus
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Unc13d
gene id: 10090:Unc13d
uniprot id: B2RUP2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A truncating mutation is the cause of the jinxed phenotype (jinx), a chemically-induced mutation that make mice susceptible to murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV). It is a mouse model of human type 3 familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Affected mice produce a truncated protein that lack the second of the C2 domains and part of the second MHD domain. In jinx homozygotes, activated NK cells and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) fail to degranulate, although they retain the ability to produce cytokines. Mice do not spontaneously develop clinical features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), but do so when infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), exhibiting hyperactivation of CTLs and antigen-presenting cells, and inadequate restriction of viral proliferation. In contrast, neither Listeria monocytogenes nor MCMV induce the syndrome.
messages: Belongs to the unc-13 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RAB27A and DOC2A. Both RAB27A and DOC2A can simultaneously bind UNC13D.
messages: Late endosome
messages: Lysosome
messages: Mast cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in cytotoxic granule exocytosis in lymphocytes. Required for both granule maturation and granule docking and priming at the immunologic synapse. Regulates assembly of recycling and late endosomal structures, leading to the formation of an endosomal exocytic compartment that fuses with perforin-containing granules at the immunologic synapse and licences them for exocytosis (By similarity). Regulates Ca(2+)-dependent secretory lysosome exocytosis in mast cells.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: The MHD1 and MHD2 domains mediate localization on recycling endosomes and lysosome.

10090:Gm21244
gene id: 10090:Gm21244
uniprot id: J3QK38
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Rxfp3
gene id: 10090:Rxfp3
uniprot id: Q5Y988
uniprot id: Q8BGE9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for RNL3/relaxin-3. Binding of the ligand inhibit cAMP accumulation (By similarity).

10090:Olfr338
gene id: 10090:Olfr338
uniprot id: Q8VGK6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rap1a
gene id: 10090:Rap1a
uniprot id: P62835
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEF) EPAC and EPAC2 in a cAMP-dependent manner, and GFR.
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in the testis and sperm midpiece (at protein level).
messages: Found in a complex, at least composed of ITGB1BP1, KRIT1 and RAP1A. Interacts (active GTP-bound form preferentially) with KRIT1 (via C-terminus FERM domain); the interaction does not induce the opening conformation of KRIT1. In its GTP-bound form interacts with PLCE1 and RADIL. Interacts with SGSM1, SGSM2 and SGSM3. Interacts (via GTP-bound active form) with RAPGEF2 (via Ras-associating domain) (By similarity). Interacts with TBC1D21 (PubMed:30360518). Interacts with RAP1GDS1 (By similarity).
messages: Induces morphological reversion of a cell line transformed by a Ras oncogene. Counteracts the mitogenic function of Ras, at least partly because it can interact with Ras GAPs and RAF in a competitive manner. Together with ITGB1BP1, regulates KRIT1 localization to microtubules and membranes (By similarity). Plays a role in nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth. Plays a role in the regulation of embryonic blood vessel formation. Involved in the establishment of basal endothelial barrier function. May be involved in the regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor KDR expression at endothelial cell-cell junctions.
messages: Late endosome
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Mtg2
gene id: 10090:Mtg2
uniprot id: A2AFK4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.

10090:Pitrm1
gene id: 10090:Pitrm1
uniprot id: Q8K411
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A disulfide bond locks the enzyme in the closed conformation preventing substrate entry into the catalytic chamber.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family. PreP subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Mainly exists in a closed and catalytically competent conformation but a closed-to-open switch allows substrate entry into the catalytic chamber. Substrate binding induces closure and dimerization. A disulfide bond may lock the enzyme in a closed conformation preventing substrate entry into the catalytic chamber, participating in redox regulation of the enzyme. Inhibited by metal-chelating agents. Inhibited by nickel and zinc excess, and slightly activated by manganese.
messages: Metalloendopeptidase of the mitochondrial matrix that functions in peptide cleavage and degradation rather than in protein processing. Has an ATP-independent activity. Specifically cleaves peptides in the range of 5 to 65 residues. Shows a preference for cleavage after small polar residues and before basic residues, but without any positional preference. Degrades the transit peptides of mitochondrial proteins after their cleavage. Also degrades other unstructured peptides. It is also able to degrade amyloid-beta protein 40, one of the peptides produced by APP processing, when it accumulates in mitochondrion. It is a highly efficient protease, at least toward amyloid-beta protein 40. Cleaves that peptide at a specific position and is probably not processive, releasing digested peptides intermediates that can be further cleaved subsequently. It is also able to degrade amyloid-beta protein 42.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer and homodimer; homodimerization is induced by binding of the substrate.
messages: Up-regulated transplantes nuclei derived from embryonic stem (ES) cells.

10090:Zmpste24
gene id: 10090:Zmpste24
uniprot id: B9EHY2
uniprot id: Q80W54
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M48A family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mutant mice show increased viral protein expression, enhanced viral reporter activity, and higher titers of infectious viral particles.
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins.
messages: The metalloprotease domain is constituted by the two C-terminal nuclear regions.
messages: Transmembrane metalloprotease whose catalytic activity is critical for processing lamin A/LMNA on the inner nuclear membrane and clearing clogged translocons on the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:11923874). Proteolytically removes the C-terminal three residues of farnesylated proteins. Plays also an antiviral role independently of its protease activity by restricting enveloped RNA and DNA viruses, including influenza A, Zika, Ebola, Sindbis, vesicular stomatitis, cowpox, and vaccinia (PubMed:28246125). Mechanistically, controls IFITM antiviral pathway to hinder viruses from breaching the endosomal barrier by modulating membrane fluidity (PubMed:28246125).

10090:Defb13
gene id: 10090:Defb13
uniprot id: Q8R2I4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed in testis and to a lesser extent in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda). Also weakly expressed in kidneys.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mars2
gene id: 10090:Mars2
uniprot id: A2RT28
uniprot id: Q499X9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Olfr1039
gene id: 10090:Olfr1039
uniprot id: A2ARY0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cd207
gene id: 10090:Cd207
uniprot id: Q8VBX4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-dependent lectin displaying mannose-binding specificity. Induces the formation of Birbeck granules (BGs); is a potent regulator of membrane superimposition and zippering. Binds to sulfated as well as mannosylated glycans, keratan sulfate (KS) and beta-glucans. Facilitates uptake of antigens and is involved in the routing and/or processing of antigen for presentation to T cells.
messages: Expressed by Langerhans cells. Expressed in dendritic cells and by scattered cells in lymph nodes and spleen. Also detected in some non-lymphoid tissues such as lung, liver and heart.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: The C-type lectin domain mediates dual recognition of both sulfated and mannosylated glycans.

10090:Cdk5r2
gene id: 10090:Cdk5r2
uniprot id: O35926
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activator of CDK5/TPKII.
messages: Belongs to the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit.
messages: Myristoylated. The Gly-2-Ala mutant is absent of the cell periphery, suggesting that a proper myristoylation signal is essential for the proper distribution of CDK5R2 (p39) (By similarity).

10090:Mex3c
gene id: 10090:Mex3c
uniprot id: Q05A36
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds RNA through its KH domains.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with USP7, which antagonizes the ability to degrade mRNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: RNA-binding protein. May be involved in post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, modulating levels of some mRNAs by promoting their degradation in a way involving ubiquitin ligase activity. May act as suppressor of replication stress and chromosome missegregation.

10090:Vgll3
gene id: 10090:Vgll3
uniprot id: E9Q1Y1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the vestigial family.
messages: May act as a specific coactivator for the mammalian TEFs.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pip
gene id: 10090:Pip
uniprot id: P02816
uniprot id: Q3UU48
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PIP family.
messages: Lacrimal and submaxillary glands.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with AZGP1 (By similarity).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with AZGP1.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tll1
gene id: 10090:Tll1
uniprot id: G3X9F5
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Vat1
gene id: 10090:Vat1
uniprot id: Q499X4
uniprot id: Q62465
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Plays a part in calcium-regulated keratinocyte activation in epidermal repair mechanisms. Has no effect on cell proliferation (By similarity). Possesses ATPase activity. Negatively regulates mitochondrial fusion in cooperation with mitofusin proteins (MFN1-2) (By similarity).

10090:H4c14
gene id: 10090:H4c14
uniprot id: B2RTM0
uniprot id: P62806
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H4K5ac), Lys-9 (H4K8ac), Lys-13 (H4K12ac) and Lys-17 (H4K16ac) occurs in coding regions of the genome but not in heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the histone H4 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-4 (H4R3ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Glutarylation at Lys-92 (H4K91glu) destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated, dimethylated or trimethylated at Lys-21 (H4K20me1, H4K20me2, H4K20me3) (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylation is performed by KMT5A/SET8 (By similarity). Trimethylation is performed by KMT5B and KMT5C and induces gene silencing (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylated at Lys-13 (H4K12me1) by N6AMT1; H4K12me1 modification is present at the promoters of numerous genes encoding cell cycle regulators (By similarity).
messages: Monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-4 (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively) by PRMT1 favors acetylation at Lys-9 (H4K8ac) and Lys-13 (H4K12ac). Demethylation is performed by JMJD6. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 (H4R3me2s) by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Ser-48 (H4S47ph). This phosphorylation increases the association of H3.3-H4 with the histone chaperone HIRA, thus promoting nucleosome assembly of H3.3-H4 and inhibiting nucleosome assembly of H3.1-H4 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated, which is associated with transcriptional repression.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-92 of histone H4 (H4K91ub1) in response to DNA damage. The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 Lys-21 methylation (H4K20me) (By similarity).
messages: Ufmylated; monofmylated by UFL1 at Lys-32 (H4K31Ufm1) in response to DNA damage.

10090:Ripply2
gene id: 10090:Ripply2
uniprot id: Q2WG76
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ripply family.
messages: By MESP2, and acts in a negative feedback loop with MESP2, functioning negatively toward MESP2 to regulate NOTCH signaling in the anterior presomitic mesoderm.
messages: Expressed in the embryonic anterior presomitic mesoderm. First expressed in S-I at 8.5 dpc, where expression is maintained until 13.5 dpc, with an additional stripe of expression sometimes seen in the rostral part of S0 and S-I.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in somitogenesis. Required for somite segregation and establishment of rostrocaudal polarity in somites.
messages: The WRPW motif is required for binding to tle/groucho proteins.
messages: The ripply homology domain is required for transcriptional repression.

10090:Usp47
gene id: 10090:Usp47
uniprot id: Q8BY87
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP47 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with BTRC and FBXW11. Interacts with POLB (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitin-specific protease that specifically deubiquitinates monoubiquitinated DNA polymerase beta (POLB), stabilizing POLB thereby playing a role in base-excision repair (BER) (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of cell growth and genome integrity. May also indirectly regulate CDC25A expression at a transcriptional level.

10090:Obox1
gene id: 10090:Obox1
uniprot id: Q9D350
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tnfsf11
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf11
uniprot id: O35235
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF11B/OPG and to TNFRSF11A/RANK. Osteoclast differentiation and activation factor. Augments the ability of dendritic cells to stimulate naive T-cell proliferation. May be an important regulator of interactions between T-cells and dendritic cells and may play a role in the regulation of the T-cell-dependent immune response. May also play an important role in enhanced bone-resorption in humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (By similarity). Induces osteoclastogenesis by activating multiple signaling pathways in osteoclast precursor cells, chief among which is induction of long lasting oscillations in the intracellular concentration of Ca (2+) resulting in the activation of NFATC1, which translocates to the nucleus and induces osteoclast-specific gene transcription to allow differentiation of osteoclasts (PubMed:18586671, PubMed:24039232, PubMed:27336669). During osteoclast differentiation, in a TMEM64 and ATP2A2-dependent manner induces activation of CREB1 and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation (PubMed:23395171, PubMed:26644563).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficiency in Tnfsf11 results in failure to form lobulo-alveolar mammary structures during pregnancy, resulting in death of newborns. Trance-deficient mice show severe osteopetrosis, with no osteoclasts, marrow spaces, or tooth eruption, and exhibit profound growth retardation at several skeletal sites, including the limbs, skull, and vertebrae and have marked chondrodysplasia, with thick, irregular growth plates and a relative increase in hypertrophic chondrocytes.
messages: Highly expressed in thymus and lymph nodes, but not in non-lymphoid tissues and is abundantly expressed in T-cells but not in B-cells. A high level expression is also seen in the trabecular bone and lung.
messages: Homotrimer (PubMed:11581298, PubMed:11733492, PubMed:20483727). Interacts with TNFRSF11A and TNFRSF11B (PubMed:20483727, PubMed:23039992). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) in a Ca(+2)-dependent manner (PubMed:24039232). Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via both Link and CUB domains).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: The soluble form of isoform 1 derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing. The cleavage may be catalyzed by ADAM17. A further shorter soluble form was observed.

10090:Sprr2a3
gene id: 10090:Sprr2a3
uniprot id: Q4KL71
uniprot id: Q9CQK8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.
messages: By type-2 cytokines IL4 and IL13 in response to helminth infection.
messages: Forms five pairs of intrachain disulfide bonds.
messages: Gut bactericidal protein that selectively kills Gram-positive bacteria by binding to negatively charged lipids on bacterial membranes, leading to bacterial membrane permeabilization and disruption (PubMed:34735226). Specifically binds lipids bearing negatively charged headgroups, such as phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine (PS), cardiolipin (CL), and phosphatidylinositol phosphates, but not to zwitterionic or neutral lipids (By similarity). Induced by type-2 cytokines in response to helminth infection and is required to protect against helminth-induced bacterial invasion of intestinal tissue (PubMed:34735226). May also be involved in the development of the cornified envelope of squamous epithelia; however, additional evidences are required to confirm this result in vivo (By similarity).
messages: Mice lacking Sprr2a1, Sprr2a2 and Sprr2a3 show an expansion of Gram-positive bacteria in the small intestinal lumen and mucus layer (PubMed:34735226). Mice were born in normal Mendelian ratios, are healthy and show normal intestinal morphology with no signs of inflammation in normal conditions (PubMed:34735226). They however show an increased abundance of Gram-positive bacteria in the small intestinal lumen, with a marked increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Turicibacter, and C.Arthromitus (PubMed:34735226). At the same time, a reduction in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, a class of Gram-negative bacteria is observed (PubMed:34735226). Mice are more susceptible to L. monocytogenes infection (PubMed:34735226).
messages: Mice lacking Sprr2a1, Sprr2a2 and Sprr2a3 show an expansion of Gram-positive bacteria in the small intestinal lumen and mucus layer (PubMed:34735226). Mice were born in normal Mendelian ratios, are healthy and show normal intestinal morphology with no signs of inflammation in normal conditions (PubMed:34735226). They however show an increased abundance of Gram-positive bacteria in the small intestinal lumen, with a marked increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Turicibacter, and C.arthromitus (PubMed:34735226). At the same time, a reduction in the abundance of Bacteroidetes, a class of Gram-negative bacteria is observed (PubMed:34735226). Mice are more susceptible to L. monocytogenes infection (PubMed:34735226).
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular space
messages: secretory vesicle

10090:Tom1l2
gene id: 10090:Tom1l2
uniprot id: Q5SRX1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a MYO6/Myosin VI adapter protein that targets myosin VI to endocytic structures (By similarity). May also play a role in recruiting clathrin to endosomes (By similarity). May regulate growth factor-induced mitogenic signaling (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TOM1 family.
messages: Interacts with clathrin, SRC and TOLLIP (By similarity). Interacts with MYO6 (By similarity).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: The GAT domain mediates interaction with TOLLIP.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Splicing pattern displays tissue specific variation.

10090:Abcb4
gene id: 10090:Abcb4
uniprot id: P21440
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Multidrug resistance exporter (TC 3.A.1.201) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Energy-dependent phospholipid efflux translocator that acts as a positive regulator of biliary lipid secretion. Functions as a floppase that translocates specifically phosphatidylcholine (PC) from the inner to the outer leaflet of the canalicular membrane bilayer into the canaliculi between hepatocytes. Translocation of PC makes the biliary phospholipids available for extraction into the canaliculi lumen by bile salt mixed micelles and therefore protects the biliary tree from the detergent activity of bile salts (PubMed:8106172, PubMed:7912658, PubMed:7592705, PubMed:7814632, PubMed:8725158, PubMed:9366571). Plays a role in the recruitment of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SM) molecules to nonraft membranes and to further enrichment of SM and cholesterol in raft membranes in hepatocytes (By similarity). Required for proper phospholipid bile formation (PubMed:8106172). Indirectly involved in cholesterol efflux activity from hepatocytes into the canalicular lumen in the presence of bile salts in an ATP-dependent manner (PubMed:7814632, PubMed:8725158). May promote biliary phospholipid secretion as canaliculi-containing vesicles from the canalicular plasma membrane (PubMed:9366571). In cooperation with ATP8B1, functions to protect hepatocytes from the deleterious detergent activity of bile salts (PubMed:21820390). Does not confer multidrug resistance (PubMed:1990275).
messages: Expressed in the liver (PubMed:1381362, PubMed:8615769) (at protein level). Expressed in adrenal, liver, muscle, spleen and heart (PubMed:2471060). Expressed in multidrug-resistant cell lines (PubMed:1969609).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: May interact with RACK1. Interacts with HAX1.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice show severe necrotic damage of hepatocytes, strong portal inflammation, proliferation and destruction of the canalicular and small bile ductular tracts (PubMed:8106172). Display almost complete reduction of biliary phospholipid secretion, although bile salt secretion is normal (PubMed:8106172, PubMed:7814632, PubMed:8725158, PubMed:9366571). Show also reduced cholesterol secretion (PubMed:8106172, PubMed:9366571). Knockout mice lacking both ABCB4 and ATP8B1 show lower hepatic damage compared with the single ABCB4 knockout mice (PubMed:21820390). Display equivalent reduction of biliary phosphatidylcholine (PC) secretion as the single ABCB4 knockout mice (PubMed:21820390). Biliary cholesterol secretion is higher compared to the single ABCB4 knockout mice (PubMed:21820390). Bile salt secretion is normal in both single ABCB4 knockout mice and double ABCB4 and ATP8B1 knockout mice (PubMed:21820390). Biliary excretion of canalicular ectoenzymes, aminopeptidase N and alkaline phosphatase is strongly reduced compared to single ATP8B1 knockout mice (PubMed:21820390).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is required for PC efflux activity. Phosphorylation occurs on serine and threonine residues in a protein kinase A- or C-dependent manner. May be phosphorylated on Thr-41 and Ser-46.
messages: Translocation activity is inhibited by the ATPase inhibitor vanadate and the calcium channel blocker verapamil (PubMed:7912658). Translocation activity is enhanced by the addition of the bile salt taurocholate (PubMed:7592705).
messages: Up-regulated by compounds that cause peroxisome proliferation, such as ciprofibrate and clofibrate (at protein level) (PubMed:8615769). Up-regulated by compounds that cause peroxisome proliferation, such as fenofibrate, ciprofibrate, clofibrate, bezafibrate and gemfibrozil (PubMed:8615769, PubMed:12381268).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle

10090:A130010J15Rik
gene id: 10090:A130010J15Rik
uniprot id: Q9DAE8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0739 family.

10090:Nemp1
gene id: 10090:Nemp1
uniprot id: Q6ZQE4
uniprot id: Q8K2N3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NEMP family.
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Interacts with RAN-GTP (PubMed:25946333). Interacts with EMD (By similarity).
messages: In the ovary, expression is strongest in primordial follicle oocytes and rapidly declines as oocytes mature and move from the cortex (at protein level).
messages: Mutants are viable and generally healthy although anemic (PubMed:32923640). Most females are sterile or severely subfertile while males are fertile (PubMed:32923640). Marked reduction in the number of primordial follicles, indicating a reduced ovarian reserve, and oocytes have reduced nuclear envelope stiffness (PubMed:32923640).
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may regulate its interaction with RAN-GTP.
messages: The transmembrane domains are required and sufficient for its oligomerization.
messages: Together with EMD, contributes to nuclear envelope stiffness in germ cells (PubMed:32923640). Required for female fertility (PubMed:32923640).

10090:Iqce
gene id: 10090:Iqce
uniprot id: Q6PCQ0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the EvC complex composed of EFCAB7, IQCE, EVC2 and EVC; built from two subcomplexes, EVC2:EVC and EFCAB7:IQCE (PubMed:24582806). Interacts (via N-terminus) with EFCAB7 (via EF-hands 1 and 2); this interaction anchors the EVC-EVC2 complex in a signaling microdomain at the base of cilia and stimulates the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Interacts with EVC2 (via N-terminal end) (PubMed:24582806). Interacts with EVC (PubMed:24582806).
messages: Component of the EvC complex that positively regulates ciliary Hedgehog (Hh) signaling (PubMed:24582806). Required for proper limb morphogenesis (By similarity).
messages: cilium membrane

10090:Icam2
gene id: 10090:Icam2
uniprot id: P35330
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. ICAM family.
messages: Expressed in endothelial cells and leukocytes. High levels found in lung.
messages: ICAM proteins are ligands for the leukocyte adhesion protein LFA-1 (integrin alpha-L/beta-2). ICAM2 may play a role in lymphocyte recirculation by blocking LFA-1-dependent cell adhesion. It mediates adhesive interactions important for antigen-specific immune response, NK-cell mediated clearance, lymphocyte recirculation, and other cellular interactions important for immune response and surveillance.
messages: Interacts with RDX, EZR and MSN.
messages: Membrane
messages: microvillus

10090:4933434E20Rik
gene id: 10090:4933434E20Rik
uniprot id: Q05D39
uniprot id: Q8R092
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: General regulator of phagocytosis. Required to uptake Gram negative bacterium by macrophages.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: N-terminal region is required for phagocytosis of Gram negative bacterium.

10090:Stard3
gene id: 10090:Stard3
uniprot id: Q544C3
uniprot id: Q61542
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the STARD3 family.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via the MENTAL domain) with STARD3NL. Interacts (via FFAT motif) with VAPA. Interacts (via FFAT motif) with VAPB. Interacts (via FFAT motif) with MOSPD2 (via MSP domain).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Sterol-binding protein that mediates cholesterol transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to endosomes (By similarity). Creates contact site between the endoplasmic reticulum and late endosomes: localizes to late endosome membranes and contacts the endoplasmic reticulum via interaction with VAPA and VAPB (By similarity). Acts as a lipid transfer protein that redirects sterol to the endosome at the expense of the cell membrane and favors membrane formation inside endosomes (By similarity). May also mediate cholesterol transport between other membranes, such as mitochondria membrane or cell membrane (By similarity). However, such results need additional experimental evidences; probably mainly mediates cholesterol transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to endosomes (By similarity). Does not activate transcriptional cholesterol sensing (By similarity).
messages: The FFAT motif mediates interaction with VAPA, VAPB and MOSPD2.
messages: The MENTAL domain anchors the protein in endosome membranes and exposes the START domain in the cytosol. It binds cholesterol and mediates homotypic as well as heterotypic interactions between STARD3 and STARD3NL.
messages: The START domain mediates lipid-transfer between membranes. It contains a hydrophobic cavity able to accommodate one lipid molecule, thereby serving as a 'hydrophobic bridge' across the aqueous gap between donor and acceptor organelle membranes.

10090:Slc9a2
gene id: 10090:Slc9a2
uniprot id: Q3ZAS0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
messages: Interacts with CHP1 and CHP2.
messages: Membrane

10090:Clec2l
gene id: 10090:Clec2l
uniprot id: P0C7M9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Gopc
gene id: 10090:Gopc
uniprot id: Q8BH60
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homooligomer (PubMed:11162552). Interacts with FZD5 (PubMed:11520064). Interacts with FZD8 (PubMed:11520064). Interacts with GRID2 and BECN1 (PubMed:12372286). Interacts with CSPG5 (PubMed:12885772). Interacts with CLCN3 (PubMed:12471024). Interacts with STX6 (By similarity). Interacts with CFTR (PubMed:12471024). Interacts with ASIC3 (PubMed:15317815). Interacts with GOLGA3 (By similarity). Interacts with NLGN1 (By similarity). Interacts with RHOQ (PubMed:11162552). Interacts with MARCHF2; the interaction leads to CFTR ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). May interact with CACNG2 (PubMed:15136571). Interacts with CCDC62 (PubMed:28339613).
messages: In the cerebellum, expression increases post-natally, following maturation of this tissue (at protein level).
messages: Male mice are infertile with globozoospermia. Spermatozoa display a default in acrosome formation and are unable to activate oocytes.
messages: Plays a role in intracellular protein trafficking and degradation (PubMed:12149515). May regulate CFTR chloride currents and acid-induced ASIC3 currents by modulating cell surface expression of both channels (PubMed:15317815). May also regulate the intracellular trafficking of the ADR1B receptor (By similarity). May play a role in autophagy (PubMed:12372286). Together with MARCHF2 mediates the ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of CFTR (By similarity). Overexpression results in CFTR intracellular retention and degradation in the lysosomes (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Synapse
messages: The PDZ domain mediates interaction with ADRB1 (By similarity). Mediates also interactions with FZD5, FZD8, ASIC3, GRID2, CFTR, CLCN3.
messages: The coiled-coil region probably mediates targeting to the Golgi, oligomerization and interaction with RHOQ. May also mediates association to membranes and interactions with GOLGA3 and STX6 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (at protein level). Expressed in dorsal root glanglion (DRG), spinal cord and brain. Isoform 1 is preferentially expressed in whole brain (at protein level) and cerebellum. Expressed in spermatocytes and spermatides but not in Sertoli cells and spermatogonia.
messages: dendrite
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Gpr151
gene id: 10090:Gpr151
uniprot id: Q7TSN6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High expression in the brain and lower levels in kidney and liver (PubMed:14667573). In the nervous system expressed specifically in the habenular area (at protein level) (PubMed:25116430).
messages: High levels detected at 7 dpc.
messages: Proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptor.

10090:Arfgef2
gene id: 10090:Arfgef2
uniprot id: A2A5R2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ARFGEF1/BIG1; both proteins are probably part of the same or very similar macromolecular complexes. Interacts with PRKAR1A, PRKAR2A, PRKAR1B, PRKAR2B, PPP1CC, PDE3A, TNFRSF1A, MYCBP and EXOC7. Interacts with GABRB1, GABRB2 and GABRB3 (By similarity).
messages: In vitro phosphorylated by PKA reducing its GEF activity and dephosphorylated by phosphatase PP1.
messages: Inhibited by brefeldin A.
messages: Membrane
messages: Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1 and ARF3 and to a lower extent on ARF5 and ARF6. Promotes the activation of ARF1/ARF5/ARF6 through replacement of GDP with GTP. Involved in the regulation of Golgi vesicular transport. Required for the integrity of the endosomal compartment. Involved in trafficking from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to endosomes and is required for membrane association of the AP-1 complex and GGA1. Seems to be involved in recycling of the transferrin receptor from recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane. Probably is involved in the exit of GABA(A) receptors from the endoplasmic reticulum. Involved in constitutive release of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 via exosome-like vesicles; the function seems to involve PKA and specifically PRKAR2B. Proposed to act as A kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP) and may mediate crosstalk between Arf and PKA pathways (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Olfr748
gene id: 10090:Olfr748
uniprot id: E9Q9Z0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r260
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r260
uniprot id: K9J7F4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Plcxd3
gene id: 10090:Plcxd3
uniprot id: Q8BLJ3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in brain, followed by heart atrium. Not detected in small intestine, nor stomach.

10090:Crisp2
gene id: 10090:Crisp2
uniprot id: P16563
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CRISP family.
messages: Interacts with NSUN4 isoform 3.
messages: May regulate some ion channels' activity and therebye regulate calcium fluxes during sperm capacitation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Testis.

10090:Gga2
gene id: 10090:Gga2
uniprot id: Q6P5E6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GGA protein family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with NECAP1, TSG101, UBC and AFTPH/aftiphilin. Interacts with CNST (PubMed:19864490). Interacts with GGA1 and GGA3 (By similarity). Binds to clathrin and activated ARFs, such as ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6 (PubMed:11950392). Binds RABEP1 and RABGEF1. Interacts with the type-I membrane proteins LRP3, M6PR/CD-MPR, IGF2R/CI-MPR and BACE1. Interacts (via N-terminal VHS domain) with SORL1/sorLA and SORT1 (via C-terminal cytosolic domain) (By similarity). Binds the accessory proteins CCDC91, P200, SYNRG, EPN4 and NECAP2. Interacts with ADRA2B. Interacts (via VHS domain) with PIK4B; the interaction is important for PIK4B location at the Golgi apparatus membrane (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in protein sorting and trafficking between the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Mediates the ARF-dependent recruitment of clathrin to the TGN and binds ubiquitinated proteins and membrane cargo molecules with a cytosolic acidic cluster-dileucine (DXXLL) motif. Mediates export of the GPCR receptor ADRA2B to the cell surface. Regulates retrograde transport of phosphorylated form of BACE1 from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network.
messages: The GAE domain binds accessory proteins regulating GGAs function.
messages: The GAT domain is responsible for interaction with ARF-GTP, UBC and RABEP1. Required for recruitment to the TGN it prevents ARF-GTP hydrolysis.
messages: The VHS domain functions as a recognition module for sorting signals composed of an acidic cluster followed by two leucines (DXXLL motif).
messages: The unstructured hinge region contains clathrin-binding but no autoinhibitory (DXXLL) motifs.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Hccs
gene id: 10090:Hccs
uniprot id: P53702
uniprot id: Q8BP79
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c-type heme lyase family.
messages: Lyase that catalyzes the covalent linking of the heme group to the cytochrome C apoprotein to produce the mature functional cytochrome.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Plxnb3
gene id: 10090:Plxnb3
uniprot id: Q9QY40
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plexin family.
messages: Binds MET and MST1R. Interacts with RIT2/RIN. May form homodimers (via Sema domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with FSCN1, ARHGDIA and RAC1.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level). In cerebellum, strongest expression detected in Purkinje and granular cells. Detected at very low levels in several fetal tissues, including dorsal root ganglia (DRG), heart, lung, optic bulb, brain and liver.
messages: In brain, detected first perinatally, with expression reaching maximal levels at postnatal day 9 (P9). In the developing nervous system, barely detectable until birth, and postnatally expressed in white matter tracks including the corpus callosum, external capsule, fimbria hippocampi and corticospinal tracts. In spinal cord, not detected until birth, and postnatally expressed in spinal white matter. In cerebellum, expressed only in cerebellar white matter cells, with expression detected first shortly after birth in the cerebellar peduncle and increasing progressively in the white matter tracts of the cerebellar lobes until P10.
messages: Mutant mice are viable and fertile and display no obvious morphological abnormalities in the brain or spinal cord.
messages: Receptor for SEMA5A that plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration. Stimulates neurite outgrowth and mediates Ca(2+)/Mg(2+)-dependent cell aggregation. In glioma cells, SEMA5A stimulation of PLXNB3 results in the disassembly of F-actin stress fibers, disruption of focal adhesions and cellular collapse as well as inhibition of cell migration and invasion through ARHGDIA-mediated inactivation of RAC1 (By similarity). Seem to be non-essential for normal development and function of the central nervous system.

10090:Phf23
gene id: 10090:Phf23
uniprot id: Q8BSN5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of autophagy, through promoting ubiquitination and degradation of LRSAM1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes autophagy in response to starvation or infecting bacteria.
messages: Belongs to the PHF23 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with LRSAM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The PHD-type zinc-finger domain is required for interaction with LRSAM1 and negative regulation of autophagy.

10090:H2ap
gene id: 10090:H2ap
uniprot id: Q9CR04
names: Subunit
messages: May interact with the N-terminus of HD.

10090:Engase
gene id: 10090:Engase
uniprot id: Q8BX80
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 85 family.
messages: Endoglycosidase that releases N-glycans from glycoproteins by cleaving the beta-1,4-glycosidic bond in the N,N'-diacetylchitobiose core. Involved in the processing of free oligosaccharides in the cytosol (By similarity).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: cytosol

10090:Nlrp3
gene id: 10090:Nlrp3
uniprot id: Q8R4B8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As the sensor component of the NLRP3 inflammasome, plays a crucial role in innate immunity and inflammation. In response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals, initiates the formation of the inflammasome polymeric complex, made of NLRP3, PYCARD and CASP1 (or possibly CASP4/CASP11). Recruitment of proCASP1 to the inflammasome promotes its activation and CASP1-catalyzed IL1B and IL18 maturation and secretion in the extracellular milieu (PubMed:28847925, PubMed:27374331, PubMed:26642356, PubMed:26814970). Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is also required for HMGB1 secretion (PubMed:22801494). The active cytokines and HMGB1 stimulate inflammatory responses. Inflammasomes can also induce pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death. Under resting conditions, NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, reactive oxygen species, K(+) efflux, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, cytosolic dsRNA, etc (PubMed:26814970). Activation upon, at least, K(+) efflux is mediated by the interaction wit NEK7 (PubMed:26814970). Activation in presence of cytosolic dsRNA is mediated by DHX33 (By similarity). Independently of inflammasome activation, regulates the differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and has a role in Th2 cell-dependent asthma and tumor growth. During Th2 differentiation, required for optimal IRF4 binding to IL4 promoter and for IRF4-dependent IL4 transcription. Binds to the consensus DNA sequence 5'-GRRGGNRGAG-3'. May also participate in the transcription of IL5, IL13, GATA3, CCR3, CCR4 and MAF (PubMed:26098997).
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: By activators of Toll-like receptors, such as lipoteichoic acid (LTA) (TLR2), polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of dsRNA) (TLR3) and bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (TLR4) (PubMed:16546100). Up-regulated by IL2 via STAT5 signaling (PubMed:26098997). Slightly up-regulated in osteoblasts after exposure to invasive, but not invasion-defective, strains of Salmonella typhimurium (at protein level) (PubMed:17907925).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed with high levels in peripheral blood leukocytes, including Th2 lymphocytes and macrophages (PubMed:15302403, PubMed:26098997, PubMed:16546100, PubMed:28847925). Expressed at low levels in resting osteoblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:17907925).
messages: Expression is increased in mice with experimental atopic dermatitis.
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Intramolecular interactions between NACHT and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains may be important for autoinhibition in the absence of activating signal.
messages: Knockout mice are fertile and appear healthy when housed in a standard specific pathogen-free environment. They do not exhibit any increase in serum IL1B after administration of R837 (an analog to guanosine and TLR7 agonist) and/or LPS (PubMed:16407890) (PubMed:16407888). When challenged with LPS, mutant mice are partially resistant to endotoxic shock (PubMed:16546100) (PubMed:16407890). Mutant mice display impaired contact hypersensitivity, a T-cell-mediated cellular immune response to repeated epicutaneous exposure to contact allergens, such as trinitrophenylchloride (PubMed:16546100). In a model of allergic asthma that promotes strictly Th2 responses, mutant animals show less infiltration of eosinophils and lymphocytes into the lungs than their wild-type counterparts, as well as less accumulation of mucus and lymphoid infiltrates. The concentration of Th2 cell-related cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-4, is also lower in lungs from mutant mice compared to wild-type (PubMed:26098997). Knockout mice develop insulin (INS) resistance in response to high-fat diet. Mutants mice are protected from lung injury and cytokine production induced by human SARS coronavirus-2/SARS-CoV-2 N protein (PubMed:34341353).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted
messages: Sensor component of NLRP3 inflammasomes. Inflammasomes are supramolecular complexes that assemble in the cytosol in response to pathogens and other damage-associated signals and play critical roles in innate immunity and inflammation. The core of NLRP3 inflammasomes consists of a signal sensor component (NLRP3), an adapter (ASC/PYCARD), which recruits an effector pro-inflammatory caspase (CASP1 and, possibly, CASP4 and CASP5) (PubMed:26642356). Within the complex, NLRP3 and PYCARD interact via their respective pyrin domains. This interaction initiates speck formation (nucleation) which greatly enhances further addition of soluble PYCARD molecules to the speck in a prion-like polymerization process. NLRP3 localizes at the end of each PYCARD filament. Clustered PYCARD nucleates the formation of CASP1 filaments through the interaction of their respective CARD domains, acting as a platform for CASP1 polymerization. CASP1 filament formation increases local enzyme concentration, resulting in trans-autocleavage and activation. Active CASP1 then processes IL1B and IL18 precursors, leading to the release of mature cytokines in the extracellular milieu and inflammatory response. Reconstituted ternary inflammasomes show star-shaped structures, in which multiple filaments, containing CASP1, protrude radially from a single central hub, containing the sensor protein and PYCARD. In this complex, the sensor protein is sub-stoichiometric to PYCARD, and PYCARD is further substoichiometric to CASP1, suggesting amplifications of signal transduction from the sensor, via the adapter, to the effector (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV; this interaction targets NLRP3 to degradation by autophagy, hence preventing excessive IL1B- and IL18-mediated inflammation (By similarity). Interacts with GBP5 (via DAPIN domain); this interaction promotes inflammasome assembly in response to microbial and soluble, but not crystalline, agents (By similarity). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR; this interaction …
messages: The LRR domain mediates the interaction with IRF4 and PML.
messages: The disulfide bond in the pyrin domain might play a role in reactive oxygen species-mediated activation.
messages: The pyrin domain (also called DAPIN domain or PYD) is involved in PYCARD-binding.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. Ubiquitination does not lead to degradation, but inhibits inflammasome activation (PubMed:23246432). Deubiquitination is catalyzed by BRCC3 and associated with NLRP3 activation and inflammasome assembly. This process can be induced by the activation of Toll-like receptors (by LPS), through a non-transcriptional pathway dependent on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species, and by ATP.
messages: Under resting conditions, NLRP3 is autoinhibited. NLRP3 activation stimuli include extracellular ATP, reactive oxygen species, K(+) efflux, crystals of monosodium urate or cholesterol, amyloid-beta fibers, environmental or industrial particles and nanoparticles, cytosolic dsRNA, etc (PubMed:26814970). Activation upon, at least, K(+) efflux is mediated by the interaction wit NEK7 (PubMed:26814970).
messages: Up-regulated during CD4(+) T-lymphocyte differentiation, in Th0, Th1 and Th2 cells. Not detected in naive CD4(+) T-lymphocytes (at protein level).
messages: cytosol

10090:2810408A11Rik
gene id: 10090:2810408A11Rik
uniprot id: B1AR39
uniprot id: B1AR42
uniprot id: Q6NSU2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 family.

10090:Abca5
gene id: 10090:Abca5
uniprot id: Q8K448
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cholesterol efflux transporter in macrophages that is responsible for APOAI/high-density lipoproteins (HDL) formation at the plasma membrane under high cholesterol levels and participates in reverse cholesterol transport (PubMed:25125465, PubMed:32687853, PubMed:20382126). May play a role in the processing of autolysosomes (PubMed:15870284).
messages: Down-regulated by digoxin (PubMed:16445568). Up-regulated by an excess cellular cholesterol level (PubMed:32687853). Up-regulated when ABCA1 is down-regulated (PubMed:32687853).
messages: Expressed during embryogenesis.
messages: Expressed in cardiomyocytes, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in brain, alveolar type 2 cells in lung and follicular cells in the thyroid gland (at protein level). Detected in brain, testis, lung, heart, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle and placenta. Strongly expressed in the basal cells of the seminiferous tubules, interstitial cells consisting of Leydig cells, as well as the tunica albuginea (PubMed:24831815). In the epididymis, specificly and very strongly expressed in the connective tissue outlining the cylindrical epithelium in the corpus and cauda regions, including fibrocytes and smooth muscle cells, as well as within the basal and tall columnar cells of the corpus cylindrical epithelium (PubMed:24831815). Highly expressed in the brain with high expression in cortical and hippocampal neurons and moderately in the lung (PubMed:25125465).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mice display hypothyroidism and lethal heart abnormalities that may be due to altered autolysosomes processing.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Kat2b
gene id: 10090:Kat2b
uniprot id: B2RR30
uniprot id: Q9JHD1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. GCN5 subfamily.
messages: Expression is low during embryogenesis and becomes up-regulated in some adult tissues including heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Functions as a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) to promote transcriptional activation. Has significant histone acetyltransferase activity with core histones (H3 and H4), and also with nucleosome core particles. Also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as ACLY, MAPRE1/EB1, PLK4, RRP9/U3-55K and TBX5. Acts as a circadian transcriptional coactivator which enhances the activity of the circadian transcriptional activators: NPAS2-BMAL1 and CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimers. Involved in heart and limb development by mediating acetylation of TBX5, acetylation regulating nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of TBX5. Acts as a negative regulator of centrosome amplification by mediating acetylation of PLK4. Acetylates RRP9/U3-55K, a core subunit of the U3 snoRNP complex, impairing pre-rRNA processing. Acetylates MAPRE1/EB1, promoting dynamic kinetochore-microtubule interactions in early mitosis. Also acetylates spermidine.
messages: Interacts with BCAS3. Interacts with SIRT1. Interacts with EP300, CREBBP and DDX17. Component of a large chromatin remodeling complex, at least composed of MYSM1, KAT2B/PCAF, RBM10 and KIF11/TRIP5. Interacts with KLF1; the interaction does not acetylate KLF1 and there is no enhancement of its transactivational activity. Interacts with NFE4. Interacts with MECOM. Interacts with NR2C2 (hypophosphorylated and unsumoylated form); the interaction promotes the transactivation activity of NR2C2. Interacts with NFE4. Interacts with MECOM. Interacts with E2F1; the interaction acetylates E2F1 augmenting its DNA-binding and transcriptional activity. Interacts with NPAS2, BMAL1 and CLOCK (By similarity). Interacts (unsumoylated form) with NR2C1; the interaction promotes transactivation activity. Interacts with CEBPB (By similarity). Interacts with NR4A3 (PubMed:12709428). Interacts with TBX5 (By similarity). Interacts with PLK4 (By similarity). Interacts with RB1; this interaction leads to RB1 acetylation (PubMed:20940255).
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:11017084).
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome

10090:Trpm1
gene id: 10090:Trpm1
uniprot id: Q2TV84
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. LTrpC subfamily. TRPM1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the retina where it localizes on dendritic tips of ON bipolar cells. Specifically, it is expressed in retinal bipolar cells (BPCs) of the ON subtype (PubMed:30027108). Not detected in brain, lung, liver, heart, kidney, spleen or small intestine. Also expressed at high levels in poorly metastatic variants of B16 melanoma and at much reduced levels in highly metastatic variants of B16 melanoma.
messages: Forms nonselective divalent cation-conducting channels which mediate the influx of Na(2+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ba(2+), and Ni(2+) into the cytoplasm, leading to membrane depolarization (By similarity). Impermeable to zinc ions (By similarity). In addition, forms heteromultimeric ion channels with TRPM3 which are permeable for calcium and zinc ions (By similarity). Essential for the depolarizing photoresponse of retinal ON bipolar cells. It is part of the GRM6 signaling cascade. Calcium channel which may play a role in metastasis suppression. May act as a spontaneously active, calcium-permeable plasma membrane channel.
messages: Inhibited by zinc ions.
messages: Interacts with TRPM3; the interaction results in the formation of a heteromultimeric cation channel complex.
messages: axon

10090:Dolk
gene id: 10090:Dolk
uniprot id: Q8R2Y3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the polyprenol kinase family.
messages: Catalyzes CTP-mediated phosphorylation of dolichol, the terminal step in de novo dolichyl monophosphate (Dol-P) biosynthesis. Dol-P is a lipid carrier essential for the synthesis of N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides and for GPI anchors.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Olfr447
gene id: 10090:Olfr447
uniprot id: Q8VGP6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nox3
gene id: 10090:Nox3
uniprot id: Q672J9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by the ototoxic drug cisplatin. Activated by NOXO1. Cooperatively activated by NCF1 and NCF2 or NOXA1 in a phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-dependent manner. Inhibited by diphenyleneiodonium chloride.
messages: Expressed in fetal kidney.
messages: Interacts with and stabilizes CYBA/p22phox.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display balance defects, a tilted position of the head and abnormal performances in motor coordination tests. This is associated with the absence of otoconia in both the utricle and saccule of the inner ear.
messages: NADPH oxidase which constitutively produces superoxide upon formation of a complex with CYBA/p22phox. Plays a role in the biogenesis of otoconia/otolith, which are crystalline structures of the inner ear involved in the perception of gravity.
messages: Specifically expressed in inner ear by the spiral glanglion neurons, the vestibular system and the sensory epithelial cell layer of the saccule. Weakly expressed in skull and brain.

10090:Slc30a4
gene id: 10090:Slc30a4
uniprot id: A2AK40
uniprot id: O35149
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) transporter (TC 2.A.4) family. SLC30A subfamily.
messages: Defect in Slc30a4 is the cause of the lethal milk (lm) phenotype. Mice with lm are defective in zinc transport into breast milk, due to a premature translation termination codon at position 297. Only homozygous mutant adults develop dermatitis, skin lesions, and hair loss due to a systemic zinc deficiency. Pups of any genotype suckled on homozygous mutant female also develop symptoms characteristic of nutritional zinc deficiency, including dermatitis, alopecia and stunted growth.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homodimerization could regulate efficiency for zinc transport.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable proton-coupled zinc ion antiporter mediating zinc import from cytoplasm potentially into the endocytic compartment (PubMed:9354792). Controls zinc deposition in milk (PubMed:9354792).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in the brain and in mammary epithelial cell lines.

10090:Cfap53
gene id: 10090:Cfap53
uniprot id: Q059Q0
uniprot id: Q9D439
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CFAP53 family.
messages: Interacts with PIERCE1 and PIERCE2; the interactions link outer dynein arms docking complex (ODA-DC) to the internal microtubule inner proteins (MIP) in cilium axoneme.
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating (By similarity). May play a role in the beating of primary cilia and thereby be involved in the establishment of organ laterality during embryogenesis (By similarity).
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Rragb
gene id: 10090:Rragb
uniprot id: Q6NTA4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GTR/RAG GTP-binding protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to amino acid availability through regulation of the mTORC1 signaling cascade. Forms heterodimeric Rag complexes with RRAGC or RRAGD and cycles between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound form. In its active form participates in the relocalization of mTORC1 to the lysosomes and its subsequent activation by the GTPase RHEB. Involved in the RCC1/Ran-GTPase pathway.
messages: Interacts with RRAGC and RRAGD; heterodimerization stabilizes RRAG proteins (By similarity). In complex with RRAGC, but not with RRAGA, interacts with RPTOR; this interaction is particularly efficient with GTP-loaded RRAGB and GDP-loaded RRAGC (By similarity). Component of the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC), composed of FLCN, FNIP1 (or FNIP2), RRAGA/RagA or RRAGB/RagB GDP-bound, RRAGC/RagC or RRAGD/RagD GTP-bound, and Ragulator (By similarity). Interacts with SH3BP4; the interaction with this negative regulator is most probably direct, preferentially occurs with the inactive GDP-bound form of RRAGB, is negatively regulated by amino acids and prevents interaction with RPTOR (By similarity). Interacts with the GATOR1 complex; inactivates RRAGB (By similarity). The Rag heterodimer interacts with SLC38A9; the probable amino acid sensor. Interacts with SESN1, SESN2 and SESN3 (PubMed:25259925).
messages: Lysosome
messages: The activation of GTP-binding proteins is generally mediated by a guanine exchange factor (GEF), while inactivation through hydrolysis of bound GTP is catalyzed by a GTPase activating protein (GAP). The GATOR1 complex functions as a GAP and stimulates RRAGB GTPase activity to turn it into its inactive GDP-bound form.

10090:Nrg1
gene id: 10090:Nrg1
uniprot id: A0A140LHZ9
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPT8
uniprot id: Q6DR99
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the neuregulin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted

10090:Hadha
gene id: 10090:Hadha
uniprot id: Q8BMS1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-569 and Lys-728 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Heterotetramer of 2 alpha/HADHA and 2 beta/HADHB subunits; forms the mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme (By similarity). Also purified as higher order heterooligomers including a 4 alpha/HADHA and 4 beta/HADHB heterooligomer which physiological significance remains unclear (By similarity). The mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme interacts with MTLN (PubMed:29949755).
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
messages: In the central section; belongs to the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
messages: Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme catalyzes the last three of the four reactions of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway. The mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway is the major energy-producing process in tissues and is performed through four consecutive reactions breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Among the enzymes involved in this pathway, the trifunctional enzyme exhibits specificity for long-chain fatty acids. Mitochondrial trifunctional enzyme is a heterotetrameric complex composed of two proteins, the trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha/HADHA described here carries the 2,3-enoyl-CoA hydratase and the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activities while the trifunctional enzyme subunit beta/HADHB bears the 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase activity. Independently of the subunit beta, the trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha/HADHA also has a monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase activity. It acylates monolysocardiolipin into cardiolipin, a major mitochondrial membrane phospholipid which plays a key role in apoptosis and supports mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in the generation of ATP. Allows the acylation of monolysocardiolipin with different acyl-CoA substrates including oleoyl-CoA for which it displays the highest activity.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Nup88
gene id: 10090:Nup88
uniprot id: Q5QNU0
uniprot id: Q8BQF0
uniprot id: Q8CEC0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of nuclear pore complex.
messages: Interacts with NUP214/CAN. Interacts with NUP62 and NUP98.
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Entpd3
gene id: 10090:Entpd3
uniprot id: Q8BFW6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GDA1/CD39 NTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates (PubMed:15130768). Has a threefold preference for the hydrolysis of ATP and UTP over ADP and UDP (PubMed:15130768).
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Rcan2
gene id: 10090:Rcan2
uniprot id: Q543P2
uniprot id: Q8VIP4
uniprot id: Q9JHG2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RCAN family.
messages: Highest expression in heart, skeletal muscle and brain. Lower expression in all other tissues.
messages: Inhibits calcineurin-dependent transcriptional responses by binding to the catalytic domain of calcineurin A. Could play a role during central nervous system development.

10090:Apoe
gene id: 10090:Apoe
uniprot id: P08226
uniprot id: Q3TXU4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: APOE exists as multiple glycosylated and sialylated glycoforms within cells and in plasma. The extent of glycosylation and sialylation are tissue and context specific.
messages: APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apolipoproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles (By similarity). Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE-containing lipoproteins by cells (PubMed:23676495).
messages: APOE knockout mice display severe hypercholesterolemia associated with impaired clearance of dietary fats (PubMed:1423598). Excess cholesterol is more particularly associated with the atherogenic very low and intermediate density lipoproteins in the plasma (PubMed:1423598). These mice are therefore prone to atherosclerosis (PubMed:1423598). Mice lacking both Cx3cr1 and Apoe show decreased atherogenesis (PubMed:12569158). Animals with a double knockout of APOE and CD36, fed a Western diet for 12 weeks, exhibit much lower levels of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL5 mRNA expression in the descending aorta and a corresponding decrease in atherosclerotic lesion formation, compared to APOE single knockout mice (PubMed:23812099). Animals with a double knockout of APOE and TLR4 or TLR6 also have less aortic plaque formation than single knockout mice. All 3 double knockout show lower serum concentrations of IL1A, ILB and IL18 (PubMed:20037584). The melanosomes of APOE knockout mice lack the ellipsoidal shape indicative of deficient PMEL amyloidogenesis.
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein A1/A4/E family.
messages: Extracellular vesicle
messages: Glycated in plasma VLDL.
messages: Homotetramer. May interact with ABCA1; functionally associated with ABCA1 in the biogenesis of HDLs. May interact with APP/A4 amyloid-beta peptide; the interaction is extremely stable in vitro but its physiological significance is unclear. May interact with MAPT. May interact with MAP2. In the cerebrospinal fluid, interacts with secreted SORL1. Interacts with PMEL; this allows the loading of PMEL luminal fragment on ILVs to induce fibril nucleation.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Secreted
messages: extracellular matrix
messages: extracellular space
messages: multivesicular body

10090:Grm4
gene id: 10090:Grm4
uniprot id: A0A140T8R6
uniprot id: G3XA00
uniprot id: Q68EF4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PICK1.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam210a
gene id: 10090:Fam210a
uniprot id: Q8BGY7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM210 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality in homozygotes mice after embryonic day 9.5 (PubMed:29618611). Tamoxifen-inducible Fam210a homozygous knockout mice exhibit decreased grip strength, lean mass of all limbs, bone mineral density, bone biomechanical strength, and elevated osteoclast activity with microarchitectural deterioration of trabecular and cortical bones (PubMed:29618611).
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, brain but not in bone.
messages: Interacts with ATAD3A.
messages: May play a role in the structure and strength of both muscle and bone.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Dnah8
gene id: 10090:Dnah8
uniprot id: Q91XQ0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.
messages: Consists of at least two heavy chains and a number of intermediate and light chains.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and the head or motor domain. The motor contains six tandemly-linked AAA domains in the head, which form a ring. A stalk-like structure (formed by two of the coiled coil domains) protrudes between AAA 4 and AAA 5 and terminates in a microtubule-binding site. A seventh domain may also contribute to this ring; it is not clear whether the N-terminus or the C-terminus forms this extra domain. There are four well-conserved and two non-conserved ATPase sites, one per AAA domain. Probably only one of these (within AAA 1) actually hydrolyzes ATP, the others may serve a regulatory function.
messages: Force generating protein component of the outer dynein arms (ODAs) in the sperm flagellum. Produces force towards the minus ends of microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Involved in sperm motility; implicated in sperm flagellar assembly.
messages: Homozygous knockout male mice are sterile due to diminished sperm movement (PubMed:32619401). Sperm flagella show disorganized microtubules and outer dense fibers resulting in significantly higher rates of abnormal flagella (PubMed:32619401).
messages: Isoform 1 and/or isoform 2 are expressed in spermatocytes and mature sperm (at protein level). Testis-specific. Accumulates exclusively in mid to late spermatocytes.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Klf13
gene id: 10090:Klf13
uniprot id: Q9JJZ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that activates expression from GC-rich minimal promoter regions, including genes in the cells of the erythroid lineage.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Usp17lb
gene id: 10090:Usp17lb
uniprot id: E9Q9U0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP17 subfamily.
messages: Detected in brain, heart, liver, lung, kidney, ovary and spleen.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes.
messages: Inhibited by ubiquitin aldehyde.
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: Up-regulated by interleukin-3 (IL-3) in the B-lymphocyte cell line Ba/F3. May also be up-regulated in response to JAK2.

10090:Bpifa2
gene id: 10090:Bpifa2
uniprot id: P07743
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BPI/LBP/Plunc superfamily. Plunc family.
messages: Expressed at low levels at day 3 after birth but increased gradually with age from this time.
messages: Has strong antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa.
messages: Predominates in the parotid glands, present in smaller amounts (1/10) in the submaxillary glands and in the sublingual glands, and at lower amount in the pancreas but undetectable in the liver. Found also in lacrimal gland.
messages: Secreted

10090:Osbpl1a
gene id: 10090:Osbpl1a
uniprot id: Q3V156
uniprot id: Q91XL9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.
messages: Binds phospholipids; exhibits strong binding to phosphatidic acid and weak binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. Stabilizes GTP-bound RAB7A on late endosomes/lysosomes and alters functional properties of late endocytic compartments via its interaction with RAB7A. Binds 25-hydroxycholesterol and cholesterol.
messages: Interacts with VAPA (By similarity). Interacts with the GTP-bound form of RAB7A (By similarity). Interacts with OAS1B (PubMed:22623793). Interacts (via FFAT motif) with MOSPD2 (via MSP domain) (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: The FFAT motif is required for interaction with MOSPD2.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Naif1
gene id: 10090:Naif1
uniprot id: Q6PFD7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NAIF1 family.
messages: Induces apoptosis.
messages: Interacts with HARBI1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lmx1a
gene id: 10090:Lmx1a
uniprot id: Q543W2
uniprot id: Q9JKU8
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator by binding to an A/T-rich sequence, the FLAT element, in the insulin gene promoter. Required for development of the roof plate and, in turn, for specification of dorsal cell fates in the CNS and developing vertebrae.
messages: Defects in Lmx1a are the cause of the spontaneous neurologic mutant mouse, called 'dreher' (dr) and results from a failure of the roof plate to develop.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Myf5
gene id: 10090:Myf5
uniprot id: A2RSK4
uniprot id: P24699
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of muscle-specific target genes and plays a role in muscle differentiation. Together with MYOG and MYOD1, co-occupies muscle-specific gene promoter core region during myogenesis. Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Probable sequence specific DNA-binding protein.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Acts as a transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of muscle-specific target genes and plays a role in muscle differentiation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ffar1
gene id: 10090:Ffar1
uniprot id: Q76JU9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in pancreatic islet beta cells (at protein level) (PubMed:16044321). Expressed in pancreatic islet beta cells.
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for medium and long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids that plays an important role in glucose homeostasis. Fatty acid binding increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and may also enhance the secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). May also play a role in bone homeostasis; receptor signaling activates pathways that inhibit osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:23335512). Ligand binding leads to a conformation change that triggers signaling via G-proteins that activate phospholipase C, leading to an increase of the intracellular calcium concentration. Seems to act through a G(q) and G(i)-mediated pathway. Mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
messages: Is also activated by synthetic agonists, such as AM-8182, AM-6331 and TAK-875 (fasiglifam). AM-8182 is a full agonist, while AM-6331 and TAK-875 (fasiglifam) are partial agonists that potentiate the activity of the endogenous ligands, such as alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid.
messages: No visible phenotype at birth and during the following six weeks. Male mice tend to develop a slightly decreased glucose tolerance after 13 weeks of age, but this is not observed with female mice. Insulin secretion in response to glucose is unchanged in mutant mice, but it is not potentiated by fatty acids, contrary to what is observed with wild-type mice. On the other hand, wild-type and mutant mice display the same inhibition of the first phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion after prolonged exposure to fatty acids or exposure to a high-fat diet (PubMed:17395749 and PubMed:18559658). Compared to wild-type, mutant mice that are kept on a high-fat diet display a decrease of the second phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (PubMed:18559658). Mutant mice do not display increased secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in response to oral absorption of corn oil and display slightly increased blood glucose levels after oral absorption of corn oil (PubMed:23403053). Besides, mutant mice display decreased bone density (PubMed:23335512).

10090:Dhrs1
gene id: 10090:Dhrs1
uniprot id: Q99L04
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May be attached to the ER membrane by its C-terminus segment.
messages: NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase which catalyzes the reduction of some steroids (estrone, androstene-3,17-dione and cortisone) as well as prostaglandin E1, isatin and xenobiotics in vitro. May have a role in steroid and/or xenobiotic metabolism.

10090:Arid5b
gene id: 10090:Arid5b
uniprot id: Q8BM75
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ARID5B family.
messages: During smooth muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Upon adipogenesis.
messages: First detected in the intermediate plate mesoderm, and subsequently in the nephrogenic cords of the urogenital ridges. Expressed in the developing limb. Also expressed in the myotome of the somites from 9.5 dpc, the oro-nasopharyngeal ectoderm and underlying mesenchyme, otic vesicles, the gut and its derivatives, and transiently in the liver at 11.5 dpc.
messages: High rate of neonatal mortality. Embryonic growth or birth weight are not effected, while lipid accumulation is severely reduced in brown adipose neonates at 24 hours of age. Mice weigh significantly less than controls from postnatal day 5 onward. Adult mice are lean, with significant reductions in brown and white adipose tissues, and in the percentage of body fat. Mice are also resistant to weight gains and obesity when maintained on high-fat diets.
messages: Methylation at Lys-337 prevents DNA-binding. Demethylation by PHF2 promotes recruitment of the PHF2-ARID5B complex to promoters (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The ARID domain mediates the interaction with DNA.
messages: Transcription coactivator that binds to the 5'-AATA[CT]-3' core sequence and plays a key role in adipogenesis and liver development. Acts by forming a complex with phosphorylated PHF2, which mediates demethylation at Lys-337, leading to target the PHF2-ARID5B complex to target promoters, where PHF2 mediates demethylation of dimethylated 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me2), followed by transcription activation of target genes. The PHF2-ARID5B complex acts as a coactivator of HNF4A in liver (By similarity). Required for adipogenesis: regulates triglyceride metabolism in adipocytes by regulating expression of adipogenic genes. Overexpression leads to induction of smooth muscle marker genes, suggesting that it may also act as a regulator of smooth muscle cell differentiation and proliferation.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed in lung, heart, small intestine, kidney, muscle and brain. Also expressed in spleen, thymus, endocrine organs and in uterus and testis.

10090:Hmx3
gene id: 10090:Hmx3
uniprot id: P42581
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Begins at embryonic day 10.5 in the developing ear, hypothalamus, the neural tube and dorsal root ganglia. It continues to be active throughout prenatal life in discrete regions of the brain with an anterior border in the ventral diencephalon at the optic chiasma and expression domains in mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon. At midgestation, it is also expressed in mesenchyme of the head and branchial arches, and in some cranial ganglia, as well as in derivatives of neural crest, such as the truncus sympathicus and myenteric ganglia. In inner ear, it is expressed between 13.5 dpc and birth in non-sensory epithelium of the semicircular canals, utricle and saccule. Also expressed in the cochlea, where the expression is restricted to the stria vascularis.
messages: Belongs to the HMX homeobox family.
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Expressed in the developing CNS, including a specific expression in vestibular structures throughout inner ear development.
messages: Mice display abnormal circling behavior and severe vestibular defects owing to a depletion of sensory cells in the saccule and utricle, and a complete loss of the horizontal semicircular canal crista, as well as a fusion of the utricle and saccule endolymphatic spaces into a common utriculosaccular cavity. Moreover, most females have a reproductive defect: females can be fertilized and their embryos undergo normal preimplantation development, but the embryos fail to implant successfully in the uterus and subsequently die. Mice lacking both Hmx2 and Hmx3 show a complete loss of balance, postnatal dwarfism, defects in neuroendocrine system, disturbed hypothalamic-pituitary axis and subsequent die. Defects caused in mice lacking both Hmx2 and Hmx3 can be rescued by expressing the Drosophila Hmx protein.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulated by Six1 and FGFs in inner ear.
messages: Transcription factor involved in specification of neuronal cell types and which is required for inner ear and hypothalamus development. Binds to the 5'-CAAGTG-3' core sequence. Controls semicircular canal formation in the inner ear. Also required for hypothalamic/pituitary axis of the CNS.

10090:Hsd17b11
gene id: 10090:Hsd17b11
uniprot id: Q9EQ06
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family. 17-beta-HSD 3 subfamily.
messages: Can convert androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol (3-alpha-diol) to androsterone in vitro, suggesting that it may participate in androgen metabolism during steroidogenesis. May act by metabolizing compounds that stimulate steroid synthesis and/or by generating metabolites that inhibit it. Has no activity toward DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone), or A-dione (4-androste-3,17-dione), and only a slight activity toward testosterone to A-dione.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in the liver (at protein level) (PubMed:18359291). Also expressed in the intestine and, at much lower levels, in the kidney (PubMed:18359291).
messages: Lipid droplet

10090:Lmbr1l
gene id: 10090:Lmbr1l
uniprot id: Q9D1E5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LIMR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dimer (By similarity). Can also form higher oligomers (By similarity). Interacts with LCN1; this interaction mediates the endocytosis of LCN1 (By similarity). Interacts with UBAC2, FAF2, VCP, AMFR, ZNRF3, CTNNB1, LRP6, GSK3B, FZD6, DVL2 and RNF43 (PubMed:31073040). Interacts with GSK3A (By similarity). Interaction with LGB and SCGB1A1 is controversial (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the bone marrow, thymus, spleen and lymphocytes.
messages: Mice exhibit severely impaired development of all lymphoid lineages, compromised antibody responses to immunization, reduced cytotoxic T-cell killing activity and natural killer (NK) cell function, and resistance to cytomegalovirus infection (PubMed:31073040). T-cells are predisposed to apoptosis and die in response to antigen-specific or homeostatic expansion signals (PubMed:31073040). Impaired differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells into the lymphoid primed multipotent progenitor (LMPP) and common lymphoid progenitor populations that give rise to T-cells, B-cells, and NK cells (PubMed:31073040).
messages: Plays an essential role in lymphocyte development by negatively regulating the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:31073040). In association with UBAC2 and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR, promotes the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CTNNB1 and Wnt receptors FZD6 and LRP6 (PubMed:31073040). LMBR1L stabilizes the beta-catenin destruction complex that is required for regulating CTNNB1 levels (PubMed:31073040). Acts as a LCN1 receptor and can mediate its endocytosis (By similarity).

10090:Adrb2
gene id: 10090:Adrb2
uniprot id: P18762
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Adrenergic receptor subfamily. ADRB2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately 30-fold greater affinity than it does norepinephrine.
messages: Binds SLC9A3R1 and GPRASP1. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with SRC (By similarity). Interacts with USP20 and USP33 (By similarity). Interacts with VHL; the interaction, which is increased on hydroxylation of ADRB2, ubiquitinates ADRB2 leading to its degradation. Interacts with EGLN3; the interaction hydroxylates ADRB2 facilitating VHL-E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination. Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required when endocytosed to prevent degradation in lysosomes and promote recycling to the plasma membrane. Interacts with CNIH4. Interacts with ARRDC3. Interacts with NEDD4 (By similarity). Interacts with MARCHF2 (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Hydroxylation by EGLN3 occurs only under normoxia and increases the interaction with VHL and the subsequent ubiquitination and degradation of ADRB2.
messages: Palmitoylated. Mainly palmitoylated at Cys-341. Palmitoylation may reduce accessibility of phosphorylation sites by anchoring the receptor to the plasma membrane. Agonist stimulation promotes depalmitoylation and further allows Ser-345 and Ser-346 phosphorylation. Also undergoes transient, ligand-induced palmitoylation at Cys-265 probably by ZDHHC9, ZDHHC14 and ZDHHC18 within the Golgi. Palmitoylation at Cys-265 requires phosphorylation by PKA and receptor internalization and stabilizes the receptor. Could be depalmitoylated by LYPLA1 at the plasma membrane.
messages: Palmitoylated; may reduce accessibility of Ser-345 and Ser-346 by anchoring Cys-341 to the plasma membrane. Agonist stimulation promotes depalmitoylation and further allows Ser-345 and Ser-346 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA and BARK upon agonist stimulation, which mediates homologous desensitization of the receptor. PKA-mediated phosphorylation seems to facilitate phosphorylation by BARK.
messages: Phosphorylation of Tyr-141 is induced by insulin and leads to supersensitization of the receptor.
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Agonist-induced ubiquitination leads to sort internalized receptors to the lysosomes for degradation. Deubiquitination by USP20 and USP33, leads to ADRB2 recycling and resensitization after prolonged agonist stimulation. USP20 and USP33 are constitutively associated and are dissociated immediately after agonist stimulation. Ubiquitination by the VHL-E3 ligase complex is oxygen-dependent (By similarity).

10090:Ccny
gene id: 10090:Ccny
uniprot id: Q8BGU5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin Y subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle, ovary, thymus and testis (at protein level).
messages: Found in a complex with CAPRIN2, LRP6 and CDK14 during G2/M stage; CAPRIN2 functions as a scaffold for the complex by binding to CCNY via its N terminus and to CDK14 via its C terminus (By similarity). Interacts with CDK14 (By similarity). Interacts with CDK16 (PubMed:22184064). Interacts with LRP6 (By similarity).
messages: Heavily phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-71 and Ser-73 by CDK14 is enhanced during the G2 and M cell cycle phases, and creates a phosphodegron triggering SCF-dependent ubiquitination.
messages: Positive regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK14/PFTK1. Acts as a cell-cycle regulator of Wnt signaling pathway during G2/M phase by recruiting CDK14/PFTK1 to the plasma membrane and promoting phosphorylation of LRP6, leading to the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). Recruits CDK16 to the plasma membrane (By similarity). Positive regulatory subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK16.
messages: Ubiquitinated; leading to its degradation.

10090:Cpsf2
gene id: 10090:Cpsf2
uniprot id: O35218
uniprot id: Q3UGU6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily. RNA-metabolizing metallo-beta-lactamase-like family. CPSF2/YSH1 subfamily.
messages: Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex that play a key role in pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, recognizing the AAUAAA signal sequence and interacting with poly(A) polymerase and other factors to bring about cleavage and poly(A) addition. Involved in the histone 3' end pre-mRNA processing (By similarity).
messages: Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) complex, composed of CPSF1, CPSF2, CPSF3, CPSF4 and FIP1L1. Interacts with CPSF3, CSTF2 and SYMPK (By similarity). Interacts with ZC3H3 (PubMed:16115198).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Akp3
gene id: 10090:Akp3
uniprot id: F8VQM0
uniprot id: Q1LZM2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the alkaline phosphatase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr914
gene id: 10090:Olfr914
uniprot id: E9PW59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Clnk
gene id: 10090:Clnk
uniprot id: Q9QZE2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: An adapter protein which plays a role in the regulation of immunoreceptor signaling, including PLC-gamma-mediated B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling and FC-epsilon R1-mediated mast cell degranulation (PubMed:10562326, PubMed:10744659, PubMed:11509653, PubMed:12681493). Together with FGR, it acts as a negative regulator of natural killer cell-activating receptors and inhibits interferon-gamma production (PubMed:15199160, PubMed:16439675). Acts as a positive regulator of both T-cell receptor and natural killer T (NKT) cell receptor signaling in CD4-positive NKT cells (PubMed:16439675). Together with MAP4K1, it enhances CD3-triggered activation of T-cells and subsequent IL2 production (PubMed:11509653). May be involved in tumor necrosis factor induced cell death by promoting reactive oxidative species generation, and MLKL oligomerization, ultimately leading to necrosis (PubMed:26009488). Involved in phosphorylation of LAT (PubMed:11463797). May be involved in high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor signaling in mast cells (PubMed:12681493).
messages: By cytokines such as IL2 and IL3 (PubMed:10562326, PubMed:15199160, PubMed:16439675). In natural killer T cells, by alpha-galactoceramide (PubMed:16439675).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in T-cells, mast cells, natural killer and natural killer T cells (at protein level) (PubMed:10744659, PubMed:15199160, PubMed:16439675, PubMed:11509653). Expressed in cytokine-stimulated hemopoietic cells (PubMed:10562326).
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: The N-terminal proline-rich region interacts with the SH3 domain of PLCG1.
messages: The SH2 domain is important for restoration of BCR-induced calcium response and JNK2 activation in BLNK-deficient DT40 cells expressing LAT.
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated upon BCR cross-linking (PubMed:10744659, PubMed:11463797). Tyrosine phosphorylation at both Tyr-69 and Tyr-96 are required for BCR-induced calcium response and are essential to restore PLCG2-mediated signaling in BLNK-deficient DT40 cells, but this phosphorylation is dispensable in cells expressing LAT (PubMed:10744659, PubMed:11463797). Interacts with the SH2 domain of PLCG1 via phosphorylated Tyr-96 (PubMed:10744659, PubMed:11463797). Tyrosine phosphorylation is increased when complexed with SKAP1 and FYB1 (PubMed:12681493).
messages: When phosphorylated, interacts with PLCG1, PLCG2, GRB2, VAV and LAT (PubMed:10744659, PubMed:11463797). Associated with a tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptide (p92) in response to immunoreceptor stimulation (PubMed:10562326). Interacts with LBR and AGO2 (PubMed:26009488). Interacts with FGR (PubMed:16439675). Part of a complex consisting of CLNK, SKAP1 and FYB1 (PubMed:12681493). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with FYB1; this interaction allows SKAP1 and FYB1 to promote tyrosine phosphorylation of CLNK by LYN (PubMed:26009488). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with MAP4K1 (PubMed:11509653).

10090:Olfr920
gene id: 10090:Olfr920
uniprot id: E9Q413
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Kif4
gene id: 10090:Kif4
uniprot id: P33174
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Chromokinesin subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster (By similarity). In the presence of oxygen, the [4Fe-4S] cluster may be converted to [2Fe-2S] (By similarity).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in pyramidal cells in juvenile hippocampus, granular cells in juvenile cerebellar cortex and in adult spleen.
messages: Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster binding motor protein that has a role in chromosome segregation during mitosis (By similarity). Required for mitotic chromosomal positioning and bipolar spindle stabilization.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Olfr490
gene id: 10090:Olfr490
uniprot id: Q8VFD2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Ddb1
gene id: 10090:Ddb1
uniprot id: Q3U1J4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated, promoting interaction with CUL4 (CUL4A or CUL4B) and subsequent formation of DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. Deacetylation by SIRT7 impairs the interaction with CUL4 (CUL4A or CUL4B) and formation of DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.
messages: Belongs to the DDB1 family.
messages: Component of the UV-DDB complex which includes DDB1 and DDB2; the heterodimer dimerizes to give rise to a heterotetramer when bound to damaged DNA. The UV-DDB complex interacts with monoubiquitinated histone H2A and binds to XPC via the DDB2 subunit. Component of numerous DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which consist of a core of DDB1, CUL4A or CUL4B and RBX1. DDB1 may recruit specific substrate targeting subunits to the DCX complex. These substrate targeting subunits are generally known as DCAF (DDB1- and CUL4-associated factor) or CDW (CUL4-DDB1-associated WD40-repeat) proteins. Interacts with AMBRA1, ATG16L1, BTRC, CRBN, DCAF1, DCAF4, DCAF5, DCAF6, DCAF7, DCAF8, DCAF9, DCAF10, DCAF11, DCAF12, DCAF15, DCAF16, DCAF17, DDA1, DET1, DTL, ERCC8, FBXW5, FBXW8, GRWD1, KATNB1, NLE1, NUP43, PAFAH1B1, PHIP, PWP1, RBBP4, RBBP5, RBBP7, COP1, SNRNP40, DCAF1, WDR5, WDR5B, WDR12, WDR26, WDR39, WDR42, WDR53, WDR59, WDR61, WSB1, WSB2, LRWD1 and WDTC1. DCX complexes may associate with the COP9 signalosome, and this inhibits the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity of the complex. Interacts with NF2, TSC1 and TSC2. Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2. Associates with the E3 ligase complex containing DYRK2, EDD/UBR5, DDB1 and DCAF1 proteins (EDVP complex). Interacts directly with DYRK2. DCX(DTL) complex interacts with FBXO11; does not ubiquitinate and degradate FBXO11. Interacts with TRPC4AP (By similarity). Interacts with CRY1 and CRY2 (PubMed:27123980). The DDB1-CUL4A complex interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:27123980).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mice showed impaired gluconeogenesis in the liver.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ABL1.
messages: Protein, which is both involved in DNA repair and protein ubiquitination, as part of the UV-DDB complex and DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) complexes, respectively (PubMed:12107171, PubMed:26431207, PubMed:28790135). Core component of the UV-DDB complex (UV-damaged DNA-binding protein complex), a complex that recognizes UV-induced DNA damage and recruit proteins of the nucleotide excision repair pathway (the NER pathway) to initiate DNA repair (PubMed:12107171). The UV-DDB complex preferentially binds to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD), 6-4 photoproducts (6-4 PP), apurinic sites and short mismatches (By similarity). Also functions as a component of numerous distinct DCX (DDB1-CUL4-X-box) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes which mediate the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). The functional specificity of the DCX E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is determined by the variable substrate recognition component recruited by DDB1 (By similarity). DCX(DDB2) (also known as DDB1-CUL4-ROC1, CUL4-DDB-ROC1 and CUL4-DDB-RBX1) may ubiquitinate histone H2A, histone H3 and histone H4 at sites of UV-induced DNA damage (By similarity). The ubiquitination of histones may facilitate their removal from the nucleosome and promote subsequent DNA repair (By similarity). DCX(DDB2) also ubiquitinates XPC, which may enhance DNA-binding by XPC and promote NER (By similarity). DCX(DTL) plays a role in PCNA-dependent polyubiquitination of CDT1 and MDM2-dependent ubiquitination of TP53 in response to radiation-induced DNA damage and during DNA replication (By similarity). DCX(ERCC8) (the CSA complex) plays a role in transcription-coupled repair (TCR) (By similarity). The DDB1-CUL4A-DTL E3 ligase complex regulates the circadian clock function by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of CRY1 (PubMed:26431207). DDB1-mediated CRY1 degradation promotes FOXO1 protein stability and FOXO1-mediated gluconeogenesis in the liver (PubMed:28790135).
messages: The core of the protein consists of three WD40 beta-propeller domains.
messages: Ubiquitinated by CUL4A. Subsequently degraded by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at 8.5 dpc, 9.5 dpc, 12.5 dpc, and 19.5 dpc.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Expressed in pregnant, lactating and involuting mammary gland.

10090:Gls
gene id: 10090:Gls
uniprot id: D3Z7P3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A highly mobile activation loop at the dimer-dimer interface is important for enzyme activity.
messages: Belongs to the glutaminase family.
messages: Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
messages: Death during the first days after birth. Pups appear normal and display normal levels of activity, but their activity is disorganized. Pups do not orient to the dam, do not succeed in grasping a nipple and do not feed properly. In addition, they display altered respiration.
messages: Homotetramer, dimer of dimers (PubMed:22228304, PubMed:27542409). The tetramers can assemble into rod-like oligomers (in vitro), but the physiological significance of this is not clear (PubMed:23935106). Interacts with RAF1 and MAP2K2 (By similarity). Interacts with ATCAY; the interaction is direct and may control GLS localization, negatively regulating its activity (PubMed:16899818).
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are activated by phosphate, due to increased affinity for glutamine (PubMed:22228304, PubMed:23935106, PubMed:27542409). At phosphate concentrations above 10 mM, isoform 2 is more efficient than isoform 1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Synthesized as a 74-kDa cytosolic precursor which is proteolytically processed by the mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) via a 72-kDa intermediate to yield the mature mitochondrial 68- and 65-kDa subunits.
messages: The C-terminal ANK repeats prevent the assembly of the supra-tetrameric filaments.
messages: cytosol

10090:Zfp593
gene id: 10090:Zfp593
uniprot id: Q9DB42
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with pre-60S ribosomal particles.
messages: Belongs to the ZNF593/BUD20 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in pre-60S ribosomal particles maturation by promoting the nuclear export of the 60S ribosome. Negatively modulates the DNA binding activity of Oct-2 and therefore its transcriptional regulatory activity.
messages: The protein is largely disordered, with the exception of the zinc finger domain.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Flywch1
gene id: 10090:Flywch1
uniprot id: Q8CI03
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CTNNB1 (when unphosphorylated), perhaps preventing interaction of CTNNB1 with TCF4, and thereby regulating transcription activation; phosphorylation of CTNNB1 may inhibit the interaction.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription cofactor. Negatively regulates transcription activation by catenin beta-1 CTNNB1, perhaps acting by competing with TCF4 for CTNNB1 binding. May play a role in DNA-damage response signaling. Binds specifically to DNA sequences at peri-centromeric chromatin loci.
messages: centromere

10090:Twnk
gene id: 10090:Twnk
uniprot id: Q8CIW5
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Homohexamer (via C-terminus) which assembled in a ring-like structure. Homoheptamer which assembled in a ring-like structure. Oligomerization is Mg(2+), nucleotide and DNA-independent, however, Mg(2+) and nucleotide stabilize the homohexameric form. Interacts with POLG in vitro. Interacts with LONP1.
messages: Mitochondrial helicase involved in mtDNA replication and repair (By similarity). Might have a role in mtDNA repair (By similarity). Has DNA strand separation activity needed to form a processive replication fork for leading strand synthesis which is catalyzed by the formation of a replisome complex with POLG and mtSDB (By similarity). Preferentially unwinds DNA substrates with pre-existing 5'-and 3'- single-stranded tails but is also active on a 5'- flap substrate (By similarity). Can dissociate the invading strand of immobile or mobile D-loop DNA structures irrespective of the single strand polarity of the third strand (By similarity). In addition to its DNA strand separation activity, also has DNA strand annealing, DNA strand-exchange and DNA branch migration activities (By similarity).
messages: N-terminus enhances protein stability and hexamer formation, which is important for DNA binding, and is required for DNA helicase activity and, ultimately, for mtDNA replisome processivity.
messages: The N-terminus contains a putative primase-like domain; however the absence of the zinc binding domain and other motifs important for catalysis suggests that TWNK lacks primase activity.
messages: Ubiquitous with the highest levels in the liver, heart and kidneys. The skeletal muscle, brain and testis showed lower but detectable expression. Expression is coregulated with MRPL43.
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Pten
gene id: 10090:Pten
uniprot id: A0A6G7SF19
uniprot id: O08586
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a dual-specificity protein phosphatase, dephosphorylating tyrosine-, serine- and threonine-phosphorylated proteins. Also acts as a lipid phosphatase, removing the phosphate in the D3 position of the inositol ring from phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-diphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate with order of substrate preference in vitro PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 > PtdIns(3,4)P2 > PtdIns3P > Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Tumor suppressor, the lipid phosphatase activity is critical for its tumor suppressor function (By similarity). Antagonizes the PI3K-AKT/PKB signaling pathway by dephosphorylating phosphoinositides and thereby modulating cell cycle progression and cell survival (PubMed:10339565, PubMed:19778506). The unphosphorylated form cooperates with MAGI2 to suppress AKT1 activation. In motile cells, suppresses the formation of lateral pseudopods and thereby promotes cell polarization and directed movement. Dephosphorylates tyrosine-phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase and inhibits cell migration and integrin-mediated cell spreading and focal adhesion formation (By similarity). Plays a role as a key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation (PubMed:10339565, PubMed:19778506). Involved in the regulation of synaptic function in excitatory hippocampal synapses. Recruited to the postsynaptic membrane upon NMDA receptor activation, is required for the modulation of synaptic activity during plasticity. Enhancement of lipid phosphatase activity is able to drive depression of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic responses, activity required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD) (By similarity). May be a negative regulator of insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in adipose tissue. The nuclear monoubiquitinated form posses…
messages: Belongs to the PTEN phosphatase protein family.
messages: Constitutively phosphorylated by CK2 under normal conditions. Phosphorylation results in an inhibited activity towards PIP3. Phosphorylation can both inhibit or promote PDZ-binding. Phosphorylation at Tyr-336 by FRK/PTK5 protects this protein from ubiquitin-mediated degradation probably by inhibiting its binding to NEDD4 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by PLK3 promotes its stability and prevents its degradation by the proteasome. Phosphorylation by ROCK1 is essential for its stability and activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: Monomer. The unphosphorylated form interacts with the second PDZ domain of MAGI2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAGI2, MAGI3, MAST1 and MAST3, but neither with MAST4 nor with DLG5; interaction with MAGI2 increases protein stability (By similarity). Interacts with NEDD4 (By similarity). Interacts with NDFIP1 and NDFIP2; in the presence of NEDD4 or ITCH, this interaction promotes PTEN ubiquitination (By similarity). Interacts (via C2 domain) with FRK (By similarity). Interacts with USP7; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with ROCK1 (PubMed:20008297). Interacts with XIAP/BIRC4 (PubMed:19473982). Interacts with STK11; the interaction phosphorylates PTEN (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R16B (By similarity). Interacts with NOP53; regulates PTEN phosphorylation and increases its stability (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain-binding motif) with DLG4; the interaction is induced by NMDA and is required for PTEN location at postsynaptic density (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitinated; monoubiquitination is increased in presence of retinoic acid. Deubiquitinated by USP7; leading to its nuclear exclusion. Monoubiquitination of one of either Lys-13 and Lys-289 amino acid is sufficient to modulate PTEN compartmentalization (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by XIAP/BIRC4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: dendritic spine

10090:0610009B22Rik
gene id: 10090:0610009B22Rik
uniprot id: Q8R3W2
uniprot id: Q9CQP2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. Sedlin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Expressed in chondrocytes at various stages of differentiation, including proliferating, prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes in the distal femoral joint.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex. Interacts with ENO1, PITX1, SF1 and TRAPPC2L (By similarity). Interacts with TRAPPC3.
messages: Prevents ENO1-mediated transcriptional repression and antagonizes ENO1-mediated cell death. May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Prmt3
gene id: 10090:Prmt3
uniprot id: Q922H1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide and high concentrations of zinc chloride.
messages: Monomer and homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with EPB41L3 (via FERM domain); the interaction is direct and inhibits the protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity of PRMT3. Interacts with the 40S ribosomal protein RPS2. Interacts with ALDH1A1; the interaction is direct, inhibits ALDH1A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and is independent of the methyltransferase activity of PRMT3 (By similarity).
messages: Protein-arginine N-methyltransferase that catalyzes both the monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of the guanidino nitrogens of arginine residues in target proteins, and therefore falls into the group of type I methyltransferases (By similarity). May regulate retinoic acid synthesis and signaling by inhibiting ALDH1A1 retinal dehydrogenase activity (By similarity).
messages: The C2H2-type zinc-finger is responsible for substrate specificity.

10090:Nfatc2
gene id: 10090:Nfatc2
uniprot id: Q60591
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chimeric cDNA fused with Phyhd1 (Lrrc8a).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the developing heart at 13.5 and 16.5 dpc, during the transition from spongy to compact myocardium.
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, heart, testis, brain, placenta, muscle and pancreas.
messages: In resting cells, phosphorylated by NFATC-kinase on at least 18 sites in the 99-365 region. Upon cell stimulation, all these sites except Ser-245 are dephosphorylated by calcineurin. Dephosphorylation induces a conformational change that simultaneously exposes an NLS and masks an NES, which results in nuclear localization. Simultaneously, one site among Ser-53; Ser-54 and Ser-56 is phosphorylated; which is required for full transcriptional activity.
messages: Member of the multicomponent NFATC transcription complex that consists of at least two components, a pre-existing cytoplasmic component NFATC2 and an inducible nuclear component NFATC1. Other members such as NFATC4, NFATC3 or members of the activating protein-1 family, MAF, GATA4 and Cbp/p300 can also bind the complex. The phosphorylated form specifically interacts with XPO1; which mediates nuclear export. NFATC proteins bind to DNA as monomers. Interacts with NFATC2IP. Interacts with FOXP3 (By similarity). Interacts with TBX21 ('Thr-302' phosphorylated form) (PubMed:23616576). Interacts with KAT2A (PubMed:28424240). Interacts with HOMER2 and HOMER3; this interaction competes with calcineurin/PPP3CA-binding and hence prevents NFATC2 dephosphorylation and activation (By similarity). Interacts with protein phosphatase PPP3CA/calcineurin A (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in the inducible expression of cytokine genes in T-cells, especially in the induction of the IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, TNF-alpha or GM-CSF. Promotes invasive migration through the activation of GPC6 expression and WNT5A signaling pathway.
messages: PubMed:8668213 (AAC52929) sequence is a chimeric cDNA.
messages: Rel Similarity Domain (RSD) allows DNA-binding and cooperative interactions with AP1 factors.
messages: Ubiquitinated in endothelial cells by RNF213 downstream of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Gcn1
gene id: 10090:Gcn1
uniprot id: E9PVA8
uniprot id: Q3UHQ5
uniprot id: Q8BIX2
uniprot id: Q8BTM7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a positive activator of the GCN2 protein kinase activity in response to amino acid starvation (PubMed:15937339). Forms a complex with EIF2AK4/GCN2 on translating ribosomes; during this process, GCN1 seems to act as a chaperone to facilitate delivery of uncharged tRNAs that enter the A site of ribosomes to the tRNA-binding domain of EIF2AK4/GCN2, and hence stimulating EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity (By similarity). Participates in the repression of global protein synthesis and in gene-specific mRNA translation activation, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, by promoting the EIF2AK4/GCN2-mediated phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2-alpha/EIF2S1) on 'Ser-52', and hence allowing ATF4-mediated reprogramming of amino acid biosynthetic gene expression to alleviate nutrient depletion (PubMed:24333428).
messages: Belongs to the GCN1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the hypothalamus, cortex and hippocampus (PubMed:15937339).
messages: Interacts with EIF2AK4/GCN2; this interaction stimulates the EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity and is impaired by IMPACT upon a variety of stress conditions, such as amino acid depletion, UV-C irradiation, proteasome inhibitor treatment and glucose deprivation (PubMed:24333428). Interacts with IMPACT; this prevents the interaction of GCN1 with EIF2AK4/GCN2 and inhibits EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity (PubMed:15937339, PubMed:22404850).

10090:Srebf1
gene id: 10090:Srebf1
uniprot id: Q9WTN3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SREBP family.
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Efficient DNA binding of the soluble transcription factor fragment requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPA, the interaction produces a transcriptional synergy (PubMed:17290224). Interacts with LMNA (PubMed:11929849).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver with a peak at ZT16 (PubMed:19786558).
messages: Expressed only in select tissues, such as intestinal epithelial, heart, macrophage and bone marrow dendritic cells (PubMed:9062340, PubMed:21531336). Also found in kidney, thymus, testis, muscle, jejunum, and ileum (PubMed:9062340).
messages: Forms a tight complex with SCAP, the SCAP-SREBP complex, in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Isoform expressed only in select tissues, which has higher transcriptional activity compared to SREBP-1C (PubMed:12855691, PubMed:21531336). Able to stimulate both lipogenic and cholesterogenic gene expression (PubMed:8833906). Has a role in the nutritional regulation of fatty acids and triglycerides in lipogenic organs such as the liver (PubMed:9062341, PubMed:12855691). Required for innate immune response in macrophages by regulating lipid metabolism (PubMed:21531336).
messages: Key transcription factor that regulates expression of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid homeostasis (PubMed:19244231, PubMed:17290224, PubMed:9329978, PubMed:9784493, PubMed:21459323). Binds to the sterol regulatory element 1 (SRE-1) (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3') (By similarity). Has dual sequence specificity binding to both an E-box motif (5'-ATCACGTGA-3') and to SRE-1 (5'-ATCACCCCAC-3') (By similarity). Regulates the promoters of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and the LDL receptor (LDLR) pathway of sterol regulation (PubMed:19244231, PubMed:17290224, PubMed:9329978, PubMed:9784493, PubMed:21459323).
messages: Mice lacking isoform SREBP-1A are resistant to pro-inflammatory toxic shock (PubMed:21531336). Macrophages challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide fail to activate lipogenesis as well as hallmarks of inflammasome functions, activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL1B (PubMed:21531336).
messages: Mice lacking isoform SREBP-1C show a lack of up-regulation of several lipogenic enzymes in response to high insulin or LXR activation.
messages: Mice show high embryonic lethality around day 11 dpc (PubMed:9329978). Surviving mice show a 2-3-fold increase in processed Srebpf2 protein in liver nuclei, 3-fold increase in cholesterol synthesis and 50% increase in cholesterol content of the liver (PubMed:9329978).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by AMPK, leading to suppress protein processing and nuclear translocation, and repress target gene expression. Phosphorylation at Ser-389 by SIK1 represses activity possibly by inhibiting DNA-binding.
messages: Precursor of the transcription factor form (Processed sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1), which is embedded in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (PubMed:11782483, PubMed:12855691, PubMed:19244231). Low sterol concentrations promote processing of this form, releasing the transcription factor form that translocates into the nucleus and activates transcription of genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid homeostasis (PubMed:11782483, PubMed:12855691, PubMed:16100574, PubMed:19244231).
messages: Predominant isoform expressed in most tissues (PubMed:21531336). Predominates in liver, adrenal gland, brain and adipose tissue (PubMed:9062340). Also found in kidney, thymus, testis, muscle, jejunum, and ileum (PubMed:9062340).
messages: Predominant isoform expressed in most tissues, which has weaker transcriptional activity compared to isoform SREBP-1A (PubMed:12855691, PubMed:21531336). Primarily controls expression of lipogenic gene (PubMed:8833906, PubMed:9062341). Strongly activates global lipid synthesis in rapidly growing cells (PubMed:8833906, PubMed:9062341).
messages: Processed in the Golgi apparatus, releasing the protein from the membrane. At low cholesterol the SCAP-SREBP complex is recruited into COPII vesicles for export from the endoplasmic reticulum. In the Golgi, complex SREBPs are cleaved sequentially by site-1 (MBTPS1, S1P) and site-2 (MBTPS2, S2P) proteases (By similarity). The first cleavage by site-1 protease occurs within the luminal loop, the second cleavage by site-2 protease occurs within the first transmembrane domain, releasing the transcription factor from the Golgi membrane (By similarity).
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Ubiquitinated; the nuclear form has a rapid turnover and is rapidly ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome in the nucleus.
messages: Up-regulated by endocannabinoid anandamide/AEA.

10090:Mboat4
gene id: 10090:Mboat4
uniprot id: P0C7A3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the membrane-bound acyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes ghrelin acylation at 'Ser-3' using preferentially octanoyl-CoA, hexanoyl-CoA and decanoyl-CoA as acyl-CoA donors leading to ghrelin activity (PubMed:18267071, PubMed:24045953, PubMed:28134508, PubMed:18669668, PubMed:18443287, PubMed:19501572). In vitro uses also acyl-CoA donors of different lengths from short-chain (C2) to long-chain fatty acids (C16) knowing that acyl-CoA donors from butanoyl-CoA (C4) to dodecanoyl-CoA (C12) are more efficient compared to longer acyl-CoA donors, such as myristoyl-CoA (C14) and palmitoyl-CoA (C16) that are not efficient (PubMed:19501572).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in stomach and pancreas (PubMed:18267071). Lower expression in small intestine and colon (PubMed:18267071). Very low expression in testis (PubMed:18267071).
messages: Inactive octanoyltransferase activity.
messages: Inhibited by 1-[2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)- dien-28-oyl]ethylamide (CDDO-EA) with an IC(50) of 60 uM (PubMed:28134508). Inhibited by Fe3+ and Cu2+ and the O-acyltransferase activity is completely blocked over 5 mM Fe3+ and 0.5 mM Cu2+ (PubMed:19501572).
messages: Mice display a complete lack of octanoylated ghrelin in blood.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Not glycosylated.

10090:Gpr107
gene id: 10090:Gpr107
uniprot id: Q148Z6
uniprot id: Q8BUV8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LU7TM family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleaved by FURIN to yield two fragments that remain associated via a disulfide bond.
messages: Has been proposed to act as a receptor for neuronostatin, a peptide derived from the somatostatin/SST precursor (By similarity). Involved in blood sugar regulation through the induction of glucagon in response to low glucose (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:H4c6
gene id: 10090:H4c6
uniprot id: B2RTM0
uniprot id: P62806
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-6 (H4K5ac), Lys-9 (H4K8ac), Lys-13 (H4K12ac) and Lys-17 (H4K16ac) occurs in coding regions of the genome but not in heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the histone H4 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-4 (H4R3ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Glutarylation at Lys-92 (H4K91glu) destabilizes nucleosomes by promoting dissociation of the H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monomethylated, dimethylated or trimethylated at Lys-21 (H4K20me1, H4K20me2, H4K20me3) (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylation is performed by KMT5A/SET8 (By similarity). Trimethylation is performed by KMT5B and KMT5C and induces gene silencing (PubMed:24049080). Monomethylated at Lys-13 (H4K12me1) by N6AMT1; H4K12me1 modification is present at the promoters of numerous genes encoding cell cycle regulators (By similarity).
messages: Monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-4 (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively) by PRMT1 favors acetylation at Lys-9 (H4K8ac) and Lys-13 (H4K12ac). Demethylation is performed by JMJD6. Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 (H4R3me2s) by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Ser-48 (H4S47ph). This phosphorylation increases the association of H3.3-H4 with the histone chaperone HIRA, thus promoting nucleosome assembly of H3.3-H4 and inhibiting nucleosome assembly of H3.1-H4 (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated, which is associated with transcriptional repression.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Found in a co-chaperone complex with DNJC9, MCM2 and histone H3.3-H4 dimers (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with DNJC9 (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-92 of histone H4 (H4K91ub1) in response to DNA damage. The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 Lys-21 methylation (H4K20me) (By similarity).
messages: Ufmylated; monofmylated by UFL1 at Lys-32 (H4K31Ufm1) in response to DNA damage.

10090:Ssxb2
gene id: 10090:Ssxb2
uniprot id: Q80ZT4
uniprot id: Q8C5Z3
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SSX family.
messages: Could act as a modulator of transcription.

10090:Dcp2
gene id: 10090:Dcp2
uniprot id: Q3U671
uniprot id: Q9CYC6
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Nudix hydrolase family. DCP2 subfamily.
messages: Decapping metalloenzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the cap structure on mRNAs (PubMed:21070968). Removes the 7-methyl guanine cap structure from mRNA molecules, yielding a 5'-phosphorylated mRNA fragment and 7m-GDP (PubMed:21070968). Necessary for the degradation of mRNAs, both in normal mRNA turnover and in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (By similarity). Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Has higher activity towards mRNAs that lack a poly(A) tail (PubMed:21070968). Has no activity towards a cap structure lacking an RNA moiety (PubMed:21070968). The presence of a N(6)-methyladenosine methylation at the second transcribed position of mRNAs (N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap; m6A(m)) provides resistance to DCP2-mediated decapping (By similarity). Blocks autophagy in nutrient-rich conditions by repressing the expression of ATG-related genes through degradation of their transcripts (By similarity).
messages: Found in a mRNA decay complex with LSM1, LSM3, LSM4, EXOSC2, EXOSC4, EXOSC10, PARN, XRN1, CNOT6, UPF1, UPF2 and UPF3B. Forms a complex with DCP1A, EDC3, DDX6 and EDC4/HEDLS, within this complex directly interacts with EDC4/HEDLS. Interacts with DPC1B, UPF1, UPF2 and UPF3B. Associates with polysomes. Interacts (via N-terminus and C-terminus) with TRIM21 (via N-terminus and C-terminus). Interacts with LIMD1, WTIP and AJUBA. Interacts with DDX17 in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with ZC3HAV1. Interacts with APOBEC3G in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with ZFP36L1 (via N-terminus). Interacts with NBDY.
messages: Mn(2+) ion is required for highest activity. Can also utilize magnesium ions.
messages: Nucleus
messages: P-body
messages: Strongly expressed in brain and testis. Weakly expressed in lung. Not detected in heart, liver, kidney and muscle (at protein level).
messages: Strongly expressed in brain, heart, liver at 14.5 and 16.5 dpc. Strongly expressed in brain at 20 dpc. Weakly expressed in heart and liver at 20 dpc (at protein level).

10090:Tfdp1
gene id: 10090:Tfdp1
uniprot id: Q08639
uniprot id: Q3V3X3
uniprot id: Q9CYZ7
uniprot id: Q9D297
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the E2F/DP family.
messages: Can stimulate E2F-dependent transcription. Binds DNA cooperatively with E2F family members through the E2 recognition site, 5'-TTTC[CG]CGC-3', found in the promoter region of a number of genes whose products are involved in cell cycle regulation or in DNA replication. The E2F1:DP complex appears to mediate both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Blocks adipocyte differentiation by repressing CEBPA binding to its target gene promoters (PubMed:20176812).
messages: Component of the E2F:DP transcription factor complex. Forms heterodimers with E2F family members. The complex can interact with hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein RB1 and related proteins (RBL1 and RBL2) that inhibit the E2F transactivation domain. This repression involves recruitment of histone deacetylase (HDAC). During the cell cycle, from mid-to-late G1 phase, RB family members become phosphorylated, detach from the DRTF1/E2F complex to render E2F transcriptionally active. Part of the E2F6.com-1 complex in G0 phase is composed of E2F6, MGA, MAX, TFDP1, CBX3, BAT8, EUHMTASE1, RING1, RNF2, MBLR, L3MBTL2 YAF2. Component of the DREAM complex (also named LINC complex) at least composed of E2F4, E2F5, LIN9, LIN37, LIN52, LIN54, MYBL1, MYBL2, RBL1, RBL2, RBBP4, TFDP1 and TFDP2. The complex exists in quiescent cells where it represses cell cycle-dependent genes. It dissociates in S phase when LIN9, LIN37, LIN52 and LIN54 form a subcomplex that binds to MYBL2. The complex TFDP1:E2F1 interacts with CEBPA; the interaction prevents CEBPA binding to target gene promoters and represses its transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the intestinal epithelium, first expressed in undifferentiated and mesenchymal tissues, levels increasing by 12.5 dpc in the epithelial compartment. With epithelial differentiation at 15.5 dpc, Its expression increases substantially in the intervillus epithelium with lower levels in the mesenchyme. At later stages, expression continues in the intervillus epithelium. Also found at lower levels in the developing villi. In the developing brain, highest levels found between 11.5 and 13.5 dpc in the ventricular region. In the developing retina, it is expressed both in retinoblast and ganglion cell layers from 14.5 dpc to 6 days after birth. In other developing tissues, its expression is highest in the thymus. Also present in kidney, lung, liver, heart and chondrocytes. Weakly expressed in skeletal muscle and absent from choroid plexus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by E2F1-bound cyclin A-CDK2, in the S phase, inhibits E2F-mediated DNA binding and transactivation.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KBTBD5) complex, leading to its subsequent degradation.

10090:Btbd7
gene id: 10090:Btbd7
uniprot id: Q8CFE5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a mediator of epithelial dynamics and organ branching by promoting cleft progression. Induced following accumulation of fibronectin in forming clefts, leading to local expression of the cell-scattering SNAIL2 and suppression of E-cadherin levels, thereby altering cell morphology and reducing cell-cell adhesion. This stimulates cell separation at the base of forming clefts by local, dynamic intercellular gap formation and promotes cleft progression.
messages: By fibronectin.
messages: Highly expressed in developing salivary glands at 13 dpc, a stage of particularly active salivary gland branching. Concentrated around the bottom and lower sides of forming clefts, while it is weakly or not expressed in other salivary epithelial regions. Also expressed in mesenchyme containing high levels of fibronectin.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed in embryonic epithelia.

10090:Olfr8
gene id: 10090:Olfr8
uniprot id: Q60892
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Vmn1r173
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r173
uniprot id: E9Q8V7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sec22c
gene id: 10090:Sec22c
uniprot id: Q8BXT9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the synaptobrevin family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: May be involved in vesicle transport between the ER and the Golgi complex.

10090:Samhd1
gene id: 10090:Samhd1
uniprot id: Q60710
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Phosphorylation at Thr-634 by mouse cytomegalovirus kinase M97 leads to a reduced level of dNTP hydrolase activity and the loss of viral restriction.
messages: Allosterically activated and regulated via the combined actions of GTP and dNTPs (dATP, dGTP, dTTP and dCTP): Allosteric site 1 binds GTP, while allosteric site 2 binds dNTP. Allosteric activation promotes the formation of highly active homotetramers. Isoform 1: Phosphorylation at Thr-634 impairs homotetramerization, thereby inhibiting dNTPase activity, leading to reduced ability to restrict infection by viruses.
messages: Belongs to the SAMHD1 family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By interferon alpha, beta and gamma (IFN-alpha, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Homodimer; in absence of GTP and dNTP (By similarity). Homotetramer; in GTP- and dNTP-bound form (PubMed:29379009). Interacts with MRE11; leading to stimulate the exonuclease activity of MRE11 (By similarity). Interacts with RBBP8/CtIP (By similarity). Interacts with RBBP8/CtIP. Interacts (via its C-terminus) with CD81.
messages: In mouse, the SAM domain is required for deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPase) activity and ability to restrict infection by viruses. It acts by capping allosteric sites.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but show increased cellular dNTP concentrations and impaired ability to restrict retroviral replication in lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (PubMed:23972988). Mice also display interferon (IFN)-beta-dependent transcriptional up-regulation of type I IFN-inducible genes in various cell types indicative of spontaneous IFN production (PubMed:23972988, PubMed:23872947). In addition, the replication of mouse cytomegalovirus is significantly enhanced in mutant mice (PubMed:31548683).
messages: Not phosphorylated by CDK1 at the C-terminus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-634 by CDK1 acts as a switch to control deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPase)-dependent and -independent functions (PubMed:26667483) (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Thr-634 takes place in cycling cells: it reduces the stability of the homotetramer, impairing the dNTPase activity and subsequent ability to restrict infection by viruses (Probable). It also inhibits ability to suppress LINE-1 retrotransposon activity (PubMed:26667483). In contrast, phosphorylation at Thr-634 promotes DNA end resection at stalled replication forks in response to DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Protein that acts both as a host restriction factor involved in defense response to virus and as a regulator of DNA end resection at stalled replication forks (By similarity). Has deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPase) activity, which is required to restrict infection by viruses: dNTPase activity reduces cellular dNTP levels to levels too low for retroviral reverse transcription to occur, blocking early-stage virus replication in dendritic and other myeloid cells (PubMed:23972988, PubMed:23872947, PubMed:26667483, PubMed:31548683, PubMed:29379009). Likewise, suppresses LINE-1 retrotransposon activity (PubMed:26667483). In addition to virus restriction, dNTPase activity acts as a regulator of DNA precursor pools by regulating dNTP pools (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Thr-634 acts as a switch to control dNTPase-dependent and -independent functions: it inhibits dNTPase activity and ability to restrict infection by viruses, while it promotes DNA end resection at stalled replication forks (By similarity). Functions during S phase at stalled DNA replication forks to promote the resection of gapped or reversed forks: acts by stimulating the exonuclease activity of MRE11, activating the ATR-CHK1 pathway and allowing the forks to restart replication (By similarity). Its ability to promote degradation of nascent DNA at stalled replication forks is required to prevent induction of type I interferons, thereby preventing chronic inflammation (By similarity). Ability to promote DNA end resection at stalled replication forks is independent of dNTPase activity (By similarity). Enhances immunoglobulin hypermutation in B-lymphocytes by promoting transversion mutation (PubMed:29669924).

10090:Myo3a
gene id: 10090:Myo3a
uniprot id: F6QNG5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gnpda2
gene id: 10090:Gnpda2
uniprot id: Q9CRC9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Allosterically activated by N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc6P).
messages: Belongs to the glucosamine/galactosamine-6-phosphate isomerase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible conversion of alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate (GlcN-6P) into beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate (Fru-6P) and ammonium ion, a regulatory reaction step in de novo uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis via hexosamine pathway. Deamination is coupled to aldo-keto isomerization mediating the metabolic flux from UDP-GlcNAc toward Fru-6P. At high ammonium level can drive amination and isomerization of Fru-6P toward hexosamines and UDP-GlcNAc synthesis. Has a role in fine tuning the metabolic fluctuations of cytosolic UDP-GlcNAc and their effects on hyaluronan synthesis that occur during tissue remodeling.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homohexamer.

10090:Acadm
gene id: 10090:Acadm
uniprot id: P45952
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated. Could occur at proximity of the cofactor-binding sites and reduce the catalytic activity. Could be deacetylated by SIRT3.
messages: Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with the heterodimeric electron transfer flavoprotein ETF.
messages: Medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase is one of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases that catalyze the first step of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA and allowing the production of energy from fats (PubMed:16121256). The first step of fatty acid beta-oxidation consists in the removal of one hydrogen from C-2 and C-3 of the straight-chain fatty acyl-CoA thioester, resulting in the formation of trans-2-enoyl-CoA (PubMed:16121256). Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) is the electron acceptor that transfers electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETF dehydrogenase) (By similarity). Among the different mitochondrial acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, medium-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase acts specifically on acyl-CoAs with saturated 6 to 12 carbons long primary chains (PubMed:16121256).
messages: Mice lacking Mcad show increased neonatal mortality (PubMed:16121256). They display hypothermia and cold intolerance upon fasting (PubMed:16121256). Their serum and bile acylcarnitine profile is also different from wild-type mice, with an elevation of serum decenoylcarnitine compared to wild-type mice (PubMed:16121256). They also display hepatic steatosis following fast periods (PubMed:16121256). They develop significantly elevated concentrations of urinary adipic, suberic, and sebacic acids and hexanoylglycine (PubMed:16121256).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Asb1
gene id: 10090:Asb1
uniprot id: G3X9J5
uniprot id: Q3U5A0
uniprot id: Q9WV74
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ankyrin SOCS box (ASB) family.
messages: Decreased spermatogenesis with less complete filling of seminiferous tubules but fertility does not appear to be affected.
messages: Highest expression in testis, spleen, bone marrow and salivary gland.
messages: Interacts with CUL5 and RNF7.
messages: Probable substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Mediates Notch-induced ubiquitination and degradation of TCF3/E2A and JAK2 (By similarity). May play a role in testis development (PubMed:11509662).
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes.

10090:Olfr700
gene id: 10090:Olfr700
uniprot id: Q8VFM5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Csf2rb
gene id: 10090:Csf2rb
uniprot id: P26955
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 4 subfamily.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit (PubMed:10477686). The beta subunit is common to the IL3, IL5 and GM-CSF receptors. The signaling GM-CSF receptor complex is a dodecamer of two head-to-head hexamers of two alpha, two beta, and two ligand subunits. Interacts with TMEM102; this interaction occurs preferentially in the absence of CSF2 (By similarity). Interacts with FCER1G; this interaction is direct (PubMed:19098920). Interacts with LYN.
messages: High affinity receptor for interleukin-3, interleukin-5 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.
messages: May be phosphorylated by LYN.
messages: Membrane
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

10090:Epg5
gene id: 10090:Epg5
uniprot id: Q80TA9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EPG5 family.
messages: Interacts with RAN.
messages: Involved in autophagy. May play a role in a late step of autophagy, such as clearance of autophagosomal cargo. Plays a key role in innate and adaptive immune response triggered by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides from pathogens, and mediated by the nucleotide-sensing receptor TLR9. It is necessary for the translocation of CpG dinucleotides from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes, where TLR9 is located.
messages: Lysosome
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Me3
gene id: 10090:Me3
uniprot id: Q8BMF3
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the malic enzymes family.
messages: Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Myo1g
gene id: 10090:Myo1g
uniprot id: Q5SUA5
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with calmodulin; via its IQ motifs.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-7 is the initiator.
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).
messages: Specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells. Detected in adult tissues of the immune system such as thymus, lymph nodes and spleen, but not in brain, lung, heart, liver, small intestine, testis and kidney (at protein level). Highly expressed in T-lymphocytes; constitutes the most highly expressed class I myosin in naive CD4 and CD8 T-cells. Also present in B-lymphocytes.
messages: T-cells display impaired migration patterns and are less efficient in scanning and evaluating antigen-presenting cells. T-cells show global reduction in membrane tension, while their homeostatic tissue distribution and responsiveness to T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement are unaffected. However, T-cells move faster and straighter, leading to defects in detection of antigen-presenting cells, specifically for detection of rare antigens.
messages: The myosin tail domain mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) and binds to membranous compartments. It is required for recruitment to Fc-gamma receptor (Fc-gamma-R) phagocytic cups.
messages: Unconventional myosin required during immune response for detection of rare antigen-presenting cells by regulating T-cell migration (PubMed:25083865). Unconventional myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity and serve in intracellular movements. Acts as a regulator of T-cell migration by generating membrane tension, enforcing cell-intrinsic meandering search, thereby enhancing detection of rare antigens during lymph-node surveillance, enabling pathogen eradication (PubMed:25083865). Also required in B-cells, where it regulates different membrane/cytoskeleton-dependent processes (PubMed:24310084). Involved in Fc-gamma receptor (Fc-gamma-R) phagocytosis (PubMed:23038771).
messages: phagocytic cup

10090:Phpt1
gene id: 10090:Phpt1
uniprot id: Q9DAK9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the janus family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exhibits phosphohistidine phosphatase activity.
messages: Monomer.

10090:Itpkb
gene id: 10090:Itpkb
uniprot id: B2RXC2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the inositol phosphokinase (IPK) family.

10090:Cfap298
gene id: 10090:Cfap298
uniprot id: Q8BL95
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CFAP298 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ZMYND10.
messages: Plays a role in motile cilium function, possibly by acting on outer dynein arm assembly. Seems to be important for initiation rather than maintenance of cilium motility. Required for correct positioning of cilia at the apical cell surface, suggesting an additional role in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. May suppress canonical Wnt signaling activity.
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Smagp
gene id: 10090:Smagp
uniprot id: A0A2R8W734
uniprot id: Q99KC7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SMAGP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: May play a role in epithelial cell-cell contacts. May play a role in tumor invasiveness and metastasis formation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: O-glycosylated. The O-glycan is modified with sialic acid residues (By similarity).

10090:2310011J03Rik
gene id: 10090:2310011J03Rik
uniprot id: Q9D7E4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0449 family.

10090:Vmn1r40
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r40
uniprot id: Q9EQ46
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Fes
gene id: 10090:Fes
uniprot id: P16879
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated on Tyr-713 in response to FGF2. Phosphorylated by LYN in response to FCER1 activation. Phosphorylated by HCK (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Fes/fps subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with BCR. Interacts (when activated, via coiled coil domain) with TRIM28. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with phosphorylated EZR, MS4A2/FCER1B and HCLS1/HS1. Interacts with phosphorylated KIT. Interacts with FLT3. Interacts (via F-BAR domain) with soluble tubulin. Interacts (via SH2 domain) with microtubules (By similarity).
messages: In a BRAF V600E-driven, PTEN deficient and FES deficient melanoma model, tumor growth is accelerated due to an increased proliferation of melanoma cells.
messages: Kinase activity is tightly regulated. Activated in response to signaling from a cell surface receptor. Activation probably requires binding of a substrate via the SH2 domain, plus autophosphorylation at Tyr-713. Present in an inactive form in the absence of activating stimuli.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are fertile and healthy, display slightly reduced numbers of myeloid cells and are more sensitive to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice lacking both Fps/Fes and Fer activity are viable and fertile, but produce fewer offspring than normal. They display elevated levels of circulating neutrophils, erythrocytes and platelets, while other cell counts are normal.
messages: The N-terminal region including the first coiled coil domain mediates interaction with phosphoinositide-containing membranes.
messages: The coiled coil domains are important for regulating the kinase activity. They mediate homooligomerization and probably also interaction with other proteins (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts downstream of cell surface receptors and plays a role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, microtubule assembly, cell attachment and cell spreading. Plays a role in FCER1 (high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor)-mediated signaling in mast cells. Acts down-stream of the activated FCER1 receptor and the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor KIT. Plays a role in the regulation of mast cell degranulation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell differentiation and promotes neurite outgrowth in response to NGF signaling. Plays a role in cell scattering and cell migration in response to HGF-induced activation of EZR. Phosphorylates BCR and down-regulates BCR kinase activity. Phosphorylates HCLS1/HS1, PECAM1, STAT3 and TRIM28.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: cytosol
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Mmp25
gene id: 10090:Mmp25
uniprot id: Q3U435
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: In contrast to the human ortholog it does not have a signal sequence as it has an additional 53 residue sequence at the N-terminus. At the position of the human initiation methionine there is a leucine (Leu-54).
messages: May activate progelatinase A.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.

10090:Trim43c
gene id: 10090:Trim43c
uniprot id: P86449
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Expression is restricted to preimplantation embryos and peaks at the 8-cell to morula stage.

10090:Sertad2
gene id: 10090:Sertad2
uniprot id: Q9JJG5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts at E2F-responsive promoters as coregulator to integrate signals provided by PHD- and/or bromodomain-containing transcription factors. May act as coactivator as well as corepressor of E2F1-TFDP1 and E2F4-TFDP1 complexes on E2F consensus binding sites, which would activate or inhibit E2F-target genes expression. Modulates fat storage by down-regulating the expression of key genes involved in adipocyte lipolysis, thermogenesis and oxidative metabolism.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in white and brown adipose tissue.
messages: Interacts with XPO1; which mediates nuclear export. Interacts with TFDP1; modulates transactivation activity of TFDP1/E2F complexes (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated, which promotes proteasomal degradation.
messages: Resist development of obesity because of enhanced lipolysis and thermogenesis due, in part, to an increase in brown adipocytes number. On high fat diet (HFD), show reduced white adipose tissue (WAT) weight with smaller adipocyte size, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity with lower fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. Animals on HFD have higher and lower concentrations of adiponectin and leptin, respectively, compared to wild-type. They don't develop liver steatosis and have 57% less adipose tissue macrophage infiltration.
messages: Up-regulated by high fat diet in adipose tissue.

10090:Defb30
gene id: 10090:Defb30
uniprot id: Q30KN4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Utp18
gene id: 10090:Utp18
uniprot id: Q3U3Q3
uniprot id: Q5SSI6
uniprot id: Q8BHW1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat UTP18 family.
messages: Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Frmd7
gene id: 10090:Frmd7
uniprot id: A2AD83
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: In the developing cerebral cortex, strong expression is observed in the ventricular and intermediate zones at 13 and 17 dpc. At 17 dpc and P0, expression appears to be restricted to the cortical plate. In neonates, highly expressed in cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, olfactory bulb and eye with little or no expression in liver, kidney, skeletal muscle or heart muscle (at protein level).
messages: Plays a role in neurite development, may be through the activation of the GTPase RAC1. Plays a role in the control of eye movement and gaze stability.
messages: Up-regulated during retinoic acid-induced differentiation of neuroblastoma cells.
messages: growth cone
messages: neuron projection

10090:Asf1a
gene id: 10090:Asf1a
uniprot id: Q9CQE6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ASF1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Embryonic lethality at mid-gestation (9.5 dpc).
messages: Histone chaperone that facilitates histone deposition and histone exchange and removal during nucleosome assembly and disassembly. Cooperates with chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) to promote replication-dependent chromatin assembly and with HIRA to promote replication-independent chromatin assembly. Promotes homologous recombination-mediated repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs) at stalled or collapsed replication forks: acts by mediating histone replacement at DSBs, leading to recruitment of the MMS22L-TONSL complex and subsequent loading of RAD51. Also involved in the nuclear import of the histone H3-H4 dimer together with importin-4 (IPO4): specifically recognizes and binds newly synthesized histones with the monomethylation of H3 'Lys-9' and acetylation at 'Lys-14' (H3K9me1K14ac) marks, and diacetylation at 'Lys-5' and 'Lys-12' of H4 (H4K5K12ac) marks in the cytosol. Required for the formation of senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) and efficient senescence-associated cell cycle exit.
messages: Interacts with histone H3 (including both histone H3.1 and H3.3) and histone H4. Interacts with the CHAF1A, CHAF1B and RBBP4 subunits of the CAF-1 complex. Interacts with CABIN1, HAT1, HIRA, NASP, TAF1 and UBN1. Interacts with CDAN1. Found in a cytosolic complex with IPO4 and histones H3 and H4. Interacts with CREBBP.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TLK1 and TLK2. Highly phosphorylated in S-phase and at lower levels in M-phase. TLK2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-192 prevents proteasome-dependent degradation. Phosphorylation at Ser-192 by PRKDC in response to DNA damage promotes the histone chaperone activity and ability to replace histones at double-strand breaks (DSBs) at stalled or collapsed replication forks, leading to RAD51 recruitment.

10090:Bhlhe41
gene id: 10090:Bhlhe41
uniprot id: Q99PV5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity profiles and sleep recordings of transgenic mice carrying the mutation Arg-325 show increased vigilance time and less sleep time than control mice in a zeitgeber time- and sleep deprivation-dependent manner.
messages: Expressed in a circdadian manner in the liver with a peak at ZT10.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle, brain and lung.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:15560782). Heterodimer with BHLHE40/DEC1 (PubMed:15560782). Interacts with CIART (PubMed:24736997). Interacts with BMAL1 (PubMed:12397359). Interacts with RXRA (By similarity). Interacts with NR0B2 and HNF1A (PubMed:30555544).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor involved in the regulation of the circadian rhythm by negatively regulating the activity of the clock genes and clock-controlled genes. Acts as the negative limb of a novel autoregulatory feedback loop (DEC loop) which differs from the one formed by the PER and CRY transcriptional repressors (PER/CRY loop). Both these loops are interlocked as it represses the expression of PER1 and in turn is repressed by PER1/2 and CRY1/2. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer by competing for the binding to E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') found within the promoters of its target genes. Negatively regulates its own expression and the expression of DBP and BHLHE41/DEC2. Acts as a corepressor of RXR and the RXR-LXR heterodimers and represses the ligand-induced RXRA/B/G, NR1H3/LXRA, NR1H4 and VDR transactivation activity. Inhibits HNF1A-mediated transactivation of CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A11 (PubMed:30555544).

10090:Dnajc28
gene id: 10090:Dnajc28
uniprot id: Q8VCE1
names: Function
messages: May have a role in protein folding or as a chaperone.

10090:Edil3
gene id: 10090:Edil3
uniprot id: O35474
uniprot id: Q8C4U8
uniprot id: Q8C8K0
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: EGF2 and EGF3 form a rigid rod via an interdomain calcium ion binding site, while the long linker between EGF1 and EGF2 lends considerable flexibility to EGF1.
messages: Expressed in angioblasts and early endothelial cells. By embryonic day 13.5, also expressed in a restricted group of non-endothelial cells including chondrocytes and retinal neurons.
messages: Expressed in the embryo from day 7. After day 15.5, expression decreases and disappears completely by the time of birth.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Promotes adhesion of endothelial cells through interaction with the alpha-v/beta-3 integrin receptor. Inhibits formation of vascular-like structures. May be involved in regulation of vascular morphogenesis of remodeling in embryonic development.
messages: Secreted

10090:Best2
gene id: 10090:Best2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0P0
uniprot id: Q8BGM5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bestrophin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms calcium-sensitive chloride channels. Permeable to bicarbonate.
messages: Mainly confined to the retinal pigment epithelium and colon.
messages: Membrane

10090:Psme3ip1
gene id: 10090:Psme3ip1
uniprot id: Q91WE2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with both free and 20S proteasome-bound forms of the proteasome activator complex subunit PSME3/PA28G; the interaction is direct.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CK2 stabilizes the interaction with PSME3.
messages: Promotes the association of the proteasome activator complex subunit PSME3 with the 20S proteasome and regulates its activity. Inhibits PSME3-mediated degradation of some proteasome substrates, probably by affecting their diffusion rate into the catalytic chamber of the proteasome. Also inhibits the interaction of PSME3 with COIL, inhibits accumulation of PSME3 in Cajal bodies and positively regulates the number of Cajal bodies in the nucleus.
messages: Shows relatively constant expression in both proliferating myoblasts and in differentiated myotubes, when assayed in C2C12 cell line (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated in response to denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. Induced by MYOD1.

10090:Epha7
gene id: 10090:Epha7
uniprot id: A2BDQ4
uniprot id: Q61772
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Ephrin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During visual system development, expressed in an anterior to posterior decreasing gradient stretching through the entire midbrain. This gradient has the reverse orientation to the one defined by the expression of ephrins. Isoform 4 and isoform 5 are expressed at the edges of the embryonic cranial neural fold. In myogenic progenitor cells, highly expressed, at least as early as 11.5 dpc, expression decreases until 4 weeks after birth (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Heterotetramer upon binding of the ligand. The heterotetramer is composed of an ephrin dimer and a receptor dimer. Oligomerization is probably required to induce biological responses (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ-binding motif) with GRIP1 and PICK1 (via PDZ domain).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable, fertile and show no gross morphological or behavioral defects. However, topographic targeting errors of nasal and temporal retinal axons appear during development of the retinocollicular projections in the visual system. 10 percent of the embryos also display exencephalic overgrowth of forebrain tissues which might be the result of reduced apoptosis.
messages: Phosphorylated. Isoform 4 inhibits isoform 1 phosphorylation and may regulate its function in adhesion.
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase which binds promiscuously GPI-anchored ephrin-A family ligands residing on adjacent cells, leading to contact-dependent bidirectional signaling into neighboring cells. The signaling pathway downstream of the receptor is referred to as forward signaling while the signaling pathway downstream of the ephrin ligand is referred to as reverse signaling. Among GPI-anchored ephrin-A ligands, EFNA5 is a cognate/functional ligand for EPHA7 and their interaction regulates brain development modulating cell-cell adhesion and repulsion. Has a repellent activity on axons and is for instance involved in the guidance of corticothalamic axons and in the proper topographic mapping of retinal axons to the colliculus. May also regulate brain development through a caspase(CASP3)-dependent proapoptotic activity. Forward signaling may result in activation of components of the ERK signaling pathway including MAP2K1, MAP2K2, MAPK1 and MAPK3 which are phosphorylated upon activation of EPHA7. Isoform 4 which lacks the kinase domain may regulate isoform 1 adhesive properties.
messages: Truncated receptor lacking the kinase domain.
messages: Widely expressed in embryo. In adult, expression restricted to hippocampus, testis and spleen. Expressed in myogenic progenitor cells (PubMed:27446912).

10090:Cd180
gene id: 10090:Cd180
uniprot id: Q62192
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: B-lymphocytes and spleen. Not detected in thymus, kidney, muscle, heart, brain or liver.
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: M-shaped tetramer of two CD180-LY86 heterodimers.
messages: May cooperate with MD-1 and TLR4 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in B-cells. Leads to NF-kappa-B activation. Also involved in the life/death decision of B-cells.

10090:Il17d
gene id: 10090:Il17d
uniprot id: A0A0B4J1G4
uniprot id: Q8K4C4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IL-17 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gm20914
gene id: 10090:Gm20914
uniprot id: J3QME2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Synb
gene id: 10090:Synb
uniprot id: Q8BI41
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the gamma type-C retroviral envelope protein family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the placental labyrinth from stage 8.5 dpc onwards.
messages: Highly expressed in placenta where it localizes to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine zona (PubMed:15644441). Specifically localizes to syncytiotrophoblast layer II (SynT-II) (PubMed:18448564). Also detected at very low levels in ovary (PubMed:15644441).
messages: In males, up-regulated in regenerating muscle tissue after injury.
messages: Synthesized as an inactive precursor that is heavily N-glycosylated and processed likely by furin in the Golgi to yield the mature SU and TM proteins. The cleavage site between SU and TM requires the minimal sequence [KR]-X-[KR]-R.
messages: The CXXC motif is highly conserved across a broad range of retroviral envelope proteins. It is thought to participate in the formation of a labile disulfide bond possibly with the CX6CC motif present in the transmembrane protein. Isomerization of the intersubunit disulfide bond to an SU intrachain disulfide bond is thought to occur upon receptor recognition in order to allow membrane fusion.
messages: The mature protein consists of a trimer of SU-TM heterodimers (Probable). The SU-TM heterodimers are attached by a labile interchain disulfide bond (By similarity).
messages: The mouse genome contains a high percentage of proviral-like elements, also called endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) that are the genomic traces of ancient infections of the germline by exogenous retroviruses. Although most of these elements are defective, some have conserved a functional envelope (env) gene, most probably diverted by the host for its benefit.
messages: This endogenous retroviral envelope protein has retained its original fusogenic properties (PubMed:15644441, PubMed:18077339, PubMed:22032925, PubMed:27589388). Together with Syna, participates in trophoblast fusion and the formation of a syncytium during placenta morphogenesis (PubMed:22032925). Synb is specifically involved in formation of syncytiotrophoblast layer II (SynT-II) (PubMed:22032925). Promotes myoblast fusion, and may play a role in regeneration of damaged muscle tissue in males (PubMed:27589388). May have immunosuppressive activity (PubMed:18077339).
messages: Viable, although growth is retarded and neonate numbers are reduced (PubMed:22032925). In the placental labyrinth, formation of syncytiotrophoblast layer II (SynT-II) is abnormal with reduced cell fusion and progressive expansion of maternal blood lacunae(PubMed:22032925). Unfused SynT-II cells form dense plaque-like structures between adjacent cells, which resemble cell junctions and are associated with high expression levels of GJB6/connexin-30 (PubMed:22032925). Formation of syncytiotrophoblast layer I (SynT-I) is grossly normal (PubMed:22032925). Adult male mice have a 15% reduction in muscle mass compared to wild type, probably due to defects in myoblast fusion (PubMed:27589388). Double knockouts of Syna and Synb are embryonic lethal at stage 9.5 dpc to 10.5 dpc, indicating a more severe phenotype than the Syna single knockout (PubMed:22032925).

10090:Ppl
gene id: 10090:Ppl
uniprot id: G5E898
uniprot id: Q9R269
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the cornified envelope of keratinocytes. May link the cornified envelope to desmosomes and intermediate filaments. May act as a localization signal in PKB/AKT-mediated signaling.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the retinal lens (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the upper granular cell layer of dorsal lip and tongue, palate and dorsal epidermis of newborns (PubMed:15226441). Expressed in the corneal epithelium and conjunctiva, with expression prevalent in the cytoplasm of anterior lens epithelial cells, becoming predominantly membrane expressed in epithelial cells as they elongate into fiber cells at 3 weeks of age (PubMed:19029034).
messages: Homodimer or a heterodimer with EVPL (By similarity). Found in a complex composed of PPL (via C-terminal linker domain), BFSP1 and BFSP2 in the retinal lens (PubMed:19029034). Within the complex interacts (via C-terminal linker domain) with BFSP2 (PubMed:19029034). Interacts with VIM (PubMed:12244133, PubMed:19029034). Binds to the PH domain of AKT1 (PubMed:12244133). Interacts with FCGR1A (By similarity). May interact with PPHLN1 (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: desmosome

10090:Foxd3
gene id: 10090:Foxd3
uniprot id: A2BDY3
uniprot id: Q61060
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-A[AT]T[AG]TTTGTTT-3' and acts as a transcriptional repressor. Also acts as a transcriptional activator. Promotes development of neural crest cells from neural tube progenitors. Restricts neural progenitor cells to the neural crest lineage while suppressing interneuron differentiation. Required for maintenance of pluripotent cells in the pre-implantation and peri-implantation stages of embryogenesis.
messages: During early embryogenesis, not expressed in unfertilized oocytes or fertilized one-cell embryos but detected in blastocysts.
messages: Expressed in premigratory and migrating neural crest cells in the early embryo and in motorneuron and interneuron progenitors in the developing spinal cord.
messages: Interacts with POU5F1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pemt
gene id: 10090:Pemt
uniprot id: Q61907
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class VI-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. PEMT/PEM2 methyltransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the three sequential steps of the methylation pathway for the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a critical and essential component for membrane structure (PubMed:9371769) (Probable). Uses S-adenosylmethionine (S-adenosyl-L-methionine, SAM or AdoMet) as the methyl group donor for the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, PE) to phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-methylethanolamine, PMME), PMME to phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N,N-dimethylethanolamine, PDME), and PDME to phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, PC), producing S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine in each step (PubMed:9371769).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver (at protein level).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Severe liver pathology rapidly occurs in knockout mice after 3-days withdrawal of dietary choline, which might occur during starvation, pregnancy or lactation, and may die after 4-5 days (PubMed:9765216). Homocysteine plasma content in knockouts is 50 percent less of the content in wild type mice (PubMed:12482759).

10090:Rbm47
gene id: 10090:Rbm47
uniprot id: D3YXZ5
uniprot id: Q91WT8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RRM RBM47 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfp330
gene id: 10090:Zfp330
uniprot id: Q922H9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NOA36 family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centromere
messages: nucleolus

10090:Aste1
gene id: 10090:Aste1
uniprot id: Q8BIR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the asteroid family.
messages: Possible role in EGF receptor signaling.

10090:Smug1
gene id: 10090:Smug1
uniprot id: Q6P5C5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the uracil-DNA glycosylase (UDG) superfamily. SMUG1 family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recognizes base lesions in the genome and initiates base excision DNA repair. Acts as a monofunctional DNA glycosylase specific for uracil (U) residues in DNA with a preference for single-stranded DNA substrates. The activity is greater toward mismatches (U/G) compared to matches (U/A). Excises uracil (U), 5-formyluracil (fU) and uracil derivatives bearing an oxidized group at C5 [5-hydroxyuracil (hoU) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (hmU)] in ssDNA and dsDNA, but not analogous cytosine derivatives (5-hydroxycytosine and 5-formylcytosine), nor other oxidized bases. The activity is damage-specific and salt-dependent. The substrate preference is the following: ssDNA > dsDNA (G pair) = dsDNA (A pair) at low salt concentration, and dsDNA (G pair) > dsDNA (A pair) > ssDNA at high salt concentration.

10090:Rims3
gene id: 10090:Rims3
uniprot id: Q80U57
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds PPFIA3 (By similarity). Does not bind RAB3.
messages: Regulates synaptic membrane exocytosis.
messages: Synapse

10090:Cdk10
gene id: 10090:Cdk10
uniprot id: Q0VH02
uniprot id: Q3UMM4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: CDK10 knockout results in partial prenatal lethality. Surviving mice display severe growth retardation, a reduced volume of mineralized matrix in the head, femur, tibia and fibula, bifidity or clefting of C1 (atlas) or C2 (axis), and absence of the dens. Additional defects are present in the kidney, lung, heart, spleen, liver, and muscle. At cellular level, CDK10 knockout does not affect cell proliferation. However, knocked-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) develop longer cilia.
messages: Cyclin-dependent kinase that phosphorylates the transcription factor ETS2 (in vitro) and positively controls its proteasomal degradation (in cells). Involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization through the phosphorylation of actin dynamics regulators such as PKN2. Is a negative regulator of ciliogenesis through phosphorylation of PKN2 and promotion of RhoA signaling.
messages: Heterodimer with CCNQ, the interaction is required for kinase activity. Interacts with ETS2. Interacts with PRK2.
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Cyp2r1
gene id: 10090:Cyp2r1
uniprot id: Q32MW1
uniprot id: Q6VVW9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in activation of vitamin D precursors (PubMed:12867411, PubMed:24019477). Catalyzes hydroxylation at C-25 of both forms of vitamin D, vitamin D(2) and D(3) (calciol). Can metabolize vitamin D analogs/prodrugs 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(2) (doxercalciferol) and 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (alfacalcidol) forming 25-hydroxy derivatives. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) (PubMed:12867411, PubMed:24019477) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the liver and testis.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate and have normal development. They display substantial reduction of serum calcidiol levels.

10090:Serpina16
gene id: 10090:Serpina16
uniprot id: D3Z660
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Rpl36
gene id: 10090:Rpl36
uniprot id: Q6ZWZ4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL36 family.

10090:Cxcr3
gene id: 10090:Cxcr3
uniprot id: O88410
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expresses in lymphoid organs and Th1 cells.
messages: Homomer. Forms heteromers with ACKR4 (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Receptor for the C-X-C chemokine CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11 and mediates the proliferation, survival and angiogenic activity of mesangial cells through a heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathway. Probably promotes cell chemotaxis response (By similarity). Binds to CCL21.
messages: Sulfation on Tyr-27 and Tyr-29 is essential for CXCL10 binding.

10090:Serf2
gene id: 10090:Serf2
uniprot id: A2ARQ4
uniprot id: P84102
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SERF family.
messages: Positive regulator of amyloid protein aggregation and proteotoxicity (By similarity). Induces conformational changes in amyloid proteins, such as HTT, driving them into compact formations preceding the formation of aggregates (By similarity).

10090:Rpl36al
gene id: 10090:Rpl36al
uniprot id: P83882
uniprot id: Q5M9P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Olfr649
gene id: 10090:Olfr649
uniprot id: Q8VGW1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Serpina9
gene id: 10090:Serpina9
uniprot id: Q9D7D2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pcna
gene id: 10090:Pcna
uniprot id: P17918
uniprot id: Q542J9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by CREBBP and p300/EP300; preferentially acetylated by CREBBP on Lys-80, Lys-13 and Lys-14 and on Lys-77 by p300/EP300 upon loading on chromatin in response to UV irradiation. Lysine acetylation disrupts association with chromatin, hence promoting PCNA ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation in response to UV damage in a CREBBP- and EP300-dependent manner. Acetylation disrupts interaction with NUDT15 and promotes degradation (By similarity).
messages: Auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and epsilon, is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory effect on the 3'-5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic-apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2 activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2. Plays a key role in DNA damage response (DDR) by being conveniently positioned at the replication fork to coordinate DNA replication with DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance pathways. Acts as a loading platform to recruit DDR proteins that allow completion of DNA replication after DNA damage and promote postreplication repair: Monoubiquitinated PCNA leads to recruitment of translesion (TLS) polymerases, while 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of PCNA is involved in error-free pathway and employs recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the PCNA family.
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with p300/EP300; the interaction occurs on chromatin in UV-irradiated damaged cells. Interacts with CREBBP (via transactivation domain and C-terminus); the interaction occurs on chromatin in UV-irradiated damaged cells. Directly interacts with POLD1, POLD3 and POLD4 subunits of the DNA polymerase delta complex, POLD3 being the major interacting partner; the interaction with POLD3 is inhibited by CDKN1A/p21(CIP1). Forms a complex with activator 1 heteropentamer in the presence of ATP. Interacts with EXO1, POLH, POLK, DNMT1, ERCC5, FEN1, CDC6 and POLDIP2 (By similarity). Interacts with APEX2; this interaction is triggered by reactive oxygen species and increased by misincorporation of uracil in nuclear DNA (PubMed:12573260). Forms a ternary complex with DNTTIP2 and core histone (By similarity). Interacts with KCTD10 (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R15A (PubMed:9371605). Interacts with SMARCA5/SNF2H (By similarity). Interacts with BAZ1B/WSTF; the interaction is direct and is required for BAZ1B/WSTF binding to replication foci during S phase (By similarity). Interacts with HLTF and SHPRH. Interacts with NUDT15; this interaction is disrupted in response to UV irradiation and acetylation. Interacts with CDKN1A/p21(CIP1) and CDT1; interacts via their PIP-box which also recruits the DCX(DTL) complex. The interaction with CDKN1A inhibits POLD3 binding. Interacts with DDX11. Interacts with EGFR; positively regulates PCNA. Interacts with PARPBP. Interacts (when ubiquitinated) with SPRTN; leading to enhance RAD18-mediated PCNA ubiquitination. Interacts (when polyubiquitinated) with ZRANB3. Interacts with SMARCAD1. Interacts with CDKN1C. Interacts with PCLAF (via PIP-box) (By similarity). Interacts with RTEL1 (via PIP-box); the interaction is direct and essential for the suppression of telomere fragility (PubMed:24115439). Interacts with FAM111A (via PIP-box); the interaction is direct and required for PCNA loading on chromatin binding. Interacts with L…
messages: Induced in IL2-stimulated proliferating T-lymphocytes.
messages: Methylated on glutamate residues by ARMT1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Tyr-211 by EGFR stabilizes chromatin-associated PCNA (By similarity).
messages: This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Following DNA damage, can be either monoubiquitinated to stimulate direct bypass of DNA lesions by specialized DNA polymerases or polyubiquitinated to promote recombination-dependent DNA synthesis across DNA lesions by template switching mechanisms. Following induction of replication stress, monoubiquitinated by the UBE2B-RAD18 complex on Lys-164, leading to recruit translesion (TLS) polymerases, which are able to synthesize across DNA lesions in a potentially error-prone manner. An error-free pathway also exists and requires non-canonical polyubiquitination on Lys-164 through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 complex UBE2N-UBE2V2 and the E3 ligases, HLTF, RNF8 and SHPRH. This error-free pathway, also known as template switching, employs recombination mechanisms to synthesize across the lesion, using as a template the undamaged, newly synthesized strand of the sister chromatid. Monoubiquitination at Lys-164 also takes place in undamaged proliferating cells, and is mediated by the DCX(DTL) complex, leading to enhance PCNA-dependent translesion DNA synthesis. Sumoylated during S phase (By similarity).

10090:Rnf41
gene id: 10090:Rnf41
uniprot id: Q8BH75
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and regulates the degradation of target proteins. Polyubiquitinates MYD88 (By similarity). Negatively regulates MYD88-dependent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Can promote TRIF-dependent production of type I interferon and inhibits infection with vesicular stomatitis virus. Promotes also activation of TBK1 and IRF3 (PubMed:19483718). Involved in the ubiquitination of erythropoietin (EPO) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptors. Thus, through maintaining basal levels of cytokine receptors, RNF41 is involved in the control of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation into myeloerythroid lineages (PubMed:18495327). Contributes to the maintenance of steady-state ERBB3 levels by mediating its growth factor-independent degradation. Involved in the degradation of the inhibitor of apoptosis BIRC6 and thus is an important regulator of cell death by promoting apoptosis. Acts also as a PRKN modifier that accelerates its degradation, resulting in a reduction of PRKN activity, influencing the balance of intracellular redox state. The RNF41-PRKN pathway regulates autophagosome-lysosome fusion during late mitophagy. Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy necessary for mitochondrial quality control (PubMed:24949970).
messages: Autoubiquitinated. Autoubiquitination leads to proteasomal degradation. Deubiquitinated by USP8 to get stabilized which induces apoptosis.
messages: Interacts with USP8, ERBB3, PRKN and BIRC6 (By similarity). Interacts with CSF2RB, EPOR, IL3RA, MYD88 and TBK1. Interacts with Clec16a (PubMed:24949970).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

10090:Prkci
gene id: 10090:Prkci
uniprot id: Q5DTK3
uniprot id: Q62074
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Atypical PKCs (PRKCI and PRKCZ) exhibit an elevated basal enzymatic activity (that may be due to the interaction with SMG1 or SQSTM1) and are not regulated by diacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, phorbol esters or calcium ions. Two specific sites, Thr-411 (activation loop of the kinase domain) and Thr-563 (turn motif), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation (By similarity). Might also be a target for novel lipid activators that are elevated during nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Calcium- and diacylglycerol-independent serine/ threonine-protein kinase that plays a general protective role against apoptotic stimuli, is involved in NF-kappa-B activation, cell survival, differentiation and polarity, and contributes to the regulation of microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway. Is necessary for BCR-ABL oncogene-mediated resistance to apoptotic drug in leukemia cells, protecting leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis. In cultured neurons, prevents amyloid beta protein-induced apoptosis by interrupting cell death process at a very early step. In glioblastoma cells, may function downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and PDPK1 in the promotion of cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting the pro-apoptotic factor BAD. Can form a protein complex in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with PARD6A and ECT2 and regulate ECT2 oncogenic activity by phosphorylation, which in turn promotes transformed growth and invasion. In response to nerve growth factor (NGF), acts downstream of SRC to phosphorylate and activate IRAK1, allowing the subsequent activation of NF-kappa-B and neuronal cell survival. Functions in the organization of the apical domain in epithelial cells by phosphorylating EZR. This step is crucial for activation and normal distribution of EZR at the early stages of intestinal epithelial cell differentiation. Forms a protein complex with LLGL1 and PARD6B independently of PARD3 to regulate epithelial cell polarity. Plays a role in microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway through interaction with RAB2A and GAPDH and recruitment to vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs). In human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), is activated by saturated fatty acids and mediates lipid-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Downstream of PI3K is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. Activates RAB4A and promotes its association with KIF3A which is required for the insulin-induced SLC2A4/GLUT4 transloca…
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal at 9.5 dpc.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed apically in the cortical neuroepithelium along the ventricular surface at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Forms a complex with SQSTM1 and MP2K5 (PubMed:12813044). Interacts directly with SQSTM1 (Probable). Interacts with IKBKB. Interacts with PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G. Part of a quaternary complex containing aPKC, PARD3, a PARD6 protein (PARD6A, PARD6B or PARD6G) and a GTPase protein (CDC42 or RAC1) (PubMed:10934474). Part of a complex with LLGL1 and PARD6B. Interacts with ADAP1/CENTA1. Interaction with SMG1, through the ZN-finger domain, activates the kinase activity. Interacts with CDK7. Forms a complex with RAB2A and GAPDH involved in recruitment onto the membrane of vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs). Interacts with ECT2 ('Thr-359' phosphorylated form) (By similarity). Interacts with VAMP2 (PubMed:17313651). Interacts with WDFY2 (via WD repeats 1-3) (PubMed:16792529).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-411 in the activation loop is not mandatory for activation (PubMed:22579248). Upon neuronal growth factor (NGF) stimulation, phosphorylated by SRC at Tyr-264, Tyr-279 and Tyr-333 (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Tyr-264 facilitates binding to KPNB1/importin-beta regulating entry of PRKCI into the nucleus (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Tyr-333 is important for NF-kappa-B stimulation (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Thr-563 during the initial phase of long term potentiation (By similarity).
messages: The C1 zinc finger does not bind diacylglycerol (DAG).
messages: The PB1 domain mediates interaction with SQSTM1.
messages: The pseudosubstrate motif resembles the sequence around sites phosphorylated on target proteins, except the presence of a non-phosphorylatable residue in place of Ser, it modulates activity by competing with substrates.

10090:Rhbdd2
gene id: 10090:Rhbdd2
uniprot id: Q8VEK2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although strongly related to the peptidase S54 family, it lacks the conserved active sites, suggesting that it has no peptidase activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S54 family.
messages: In the developing eye, already detected at 10.5 dpc. Expression increases from 12.5 though 18.5 dpc in all retinal cells (at protein level). At P1, expressed in a small number of cells at the level of the ganglion cell layer and in the inner edge of the ventricular zone of the retina. The number of expressing cells increases and, by P8 to P11, entirely occupies the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. At that stage, not detected in the photoreceptor cell bodies of the outer nuclear layer. At P21, expressed in all nuclear layers of the retina, including cones (at protein level).
messages: Might form homotrimers; these trimers are only formed in retina.
messages: Widely expressed, including in retina and brain (at protein level), as well as in kidney, testis and ovary. Expressed in all layers of the retina, including inner segments of photoreceptor cells and ganglion cells (at protein level).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Enox1
gene id: 10090:Enox1
uniprot id: Q8BHR2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ENOX family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Not inhibited by the antitumor sulfonylurea LY181984, the vabilloid capsaicin, and retinoids.
messages: Probably acts as a terminal oxidase of plasma electron transport from cytosolic NAD(P)H via hydroquinones to acceptors at the cell surface. Hydroquinone oxidase activity alternates with a protein disulfide-thiol interchange/oxidoreductase activity which may control physical membrane displacements associated with vesicle budding or cell enlargement. The activities oscillate with a period length of 24 minutes and play a role in control of the ultradian cellular biological clock (By similarity).
messages: extracellular space

10090:Pdzk1ip1
gene id: 10090:Pdzk1ip1
uniprot id: G3UW41
uniprot id: Q9CQH0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with PDZK1. Forms a heterodimer with SLC5A2; this interaction enhances SLC5A2 transporter activity over a hundred-fold.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr656
gene id: 10090:Olfr656
uniprot id: Q8VGX9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fmnl2
gene id: 10090:Fmnl2
uniprot id: A2APV2
uniprot id: A2AQW2
uniprot id: F8VPR2
uniprot id: Q8BI52
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the formin homology family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the cortical actin filament dynamics (By similarity).
messages: The DAD domain regulates activation via by an autoinhibitory interaction with the GBD/FH3 domain. This autoinhibition is released upon competitive binding of an activated GTPase. The release of DAD allows the FH2 domain to then nucleate and elongate nonbranched actin filaments (By similarity).

10090:Arpp19
gene id: 10090:Arpp19
uniprot id: E9Q827
uniprot id: P56212
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the endosulfine family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-62) with PPP2R2D. Interacts with SNCA (By similarity).
messages: Isoform ARPP-19 is highly expressed in the embryo and its levels decrease progressively as development proceeds. In contrast, isoform ARPP-16 appears in the brain at the end of the first postnatal week and increases to reach a plateau.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-62 by GWL during mitosis is essential for interaction with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and subsequent inactivation of PP2A (By similarity). Phosphorylated by PKA.
messages: Protein phosphatase inhibitor that specifically inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis.
messages: Protein phosphatase inhibitor that specifically inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis. When phosphorylated at Ser-62 during mitosis, specifically interacts with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and inhibits its activity, leading to inactivation of PP2A, an essential condition to keep cyclin-B1-CDK1 activity high during M phase. May indirectly enhance GAP-43 expression by binding to the NGF-regulatory region of its mRNA (By similarity).

10090:Mrpl52
gene id: 10090:Mrpl52
uniprot id: Q9D0Y8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mL52 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Pccb
gene id: 10090:Pccb
uniprot id: Q99MN9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AccD/PCCB family.
messages: Broadly expressed. Most abundantly expressed in the kidney, liver, small intestine and stomach.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: The beta subunit contains the carboxyl transferase (CT) domain.
messages: The holoenzyme is a dodecamer composed of 6 PCCA/alpha subunits and 6 PCCB/beta subunits.
messages: This is one of the 2 subunits of the biotin-dependent propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of odd chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and valine and other metabolites. Propionyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the carboxylation of propionyl-CoA/propanoyl-CoA to D-methylmalonyl-CoA/(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA (By similarity). Within the holoenzyme, the alpha subunit catalyzes the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain, while the beta subunit then transfers the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to propionyl-CoA (By similarity). Propionyl-CoA carboxylase also significantly acts on butyryl-CoA/butanoyl-CoA, which is converted to ethylmalonyl-CoA/(2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA (By similarity). Other alternative minor substrates include (2E)-butenoyl-CoA/crotonoyl-CoA (By similarity).

10090:Rbm20
gene id: 10090:Rbm20
uniprot id: Q3UQS8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with components of the U1 and U2 U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes.
messages: Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
messages: During early embryonic cardiogenesis.
messages: Mice were born in normal Mendelian ratios, are viable, and do not exhibit any visible phenotype (PubMed:29650543). They however develop cardiomyopathy and display splicing defects in genes related to calcium handling such as CAMK2D or RYR2 (PubMed:29650543).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation regulates the subcellular localization. Phosphorylation of Ser-637 and Ser-639 in the RS (arginine/serine-rich) region promotes nuclear localization of the protein (PubMed:29895960, PubMed:35394688). In contrast, phosphorylation of the C-terminal disordered region promotes localization to cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granules (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly expressed in striated muscle, with highest expression in the heart (PubMed:22466703, PubMed:23886709). In differentiating myoblasts, expression correlates with sarcomere assembly: expression peaks when alpha-actinin is localized mainly in mature Z bodies within the nascent myofiber and expression declines as the sarcomeres continue to mature (PubMed:22466703). Also expressed in kidney (PubMed:23886709).
messages: RNA-binding protein that acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing of a subset of genes encoding key structural proteins involved in cardiac development, such as TTN (Titin), CACNA1C, CAMK2D or PDLIM5/ENH (PubMed:22466703, PubMed:24584570, PubMed:27630136, PubMed:29650543, PubMed:29895960, PubMed:33110103, PubMed:35394688, PubMed:35041844). Acts as a repressor of mRNA splicing: specifically binds the 5'UCUU-3' motif that is predominantly found within intronic sequences of pre-mRNAs, leading to the exclusion of specific exons in target transcripts (PubMed:32187365). RBM20-mediated exon skipping is hormone-dependent and is essential for TTN isoform transition in both cardiac and skeletal muscles (PubMed:27630136, PubMed:29895960, PubMed:33110103, PubMed:35041844). RBM20-mediated exon skipping of TTN provides substrates for the formation of circular RNA (circRNAs) from the TTN transcripts (By similarity). Together with RBM24, promotes the expression of short isoforms of PDLIM5/ENH in cardiomyocytes (By similarity).

10090:Olfr617
gene id: 10090:Olfr617
uniprot id: Q8VGA1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Jakmip3
gene id: 10090:Jakmip3
uniprot id: Q5DTN8
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the JAKMIP family.
messages: Due to intron retention.
messages: Golgi apparatus

10090:Vmn2r35
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r35
uniprot id: E9Q7U8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrrc15
gene id: 10090:Lrrc15
uniprot id: Q80X72
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Crybg3
gene id: 10090:Crybg3
uniprot id: A0A384DV78
uniprot id: Q80W49
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.

10090:Sec14l4
gene id: 10090:Sec14l4
uniprot id: Q8R0F9
names: Function
messages: Probable hydrophobic ligand-binding protein; may play a role in the transport of hydrophobic ligands like tocopherol, squalene and phospholipids.

10090:Crisp4
gene id: 10090:Crisp4
uniprot id: E9PVG4
uniprot id: G5E862
uniprot id: Q9D259
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CRISP family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Paqr5
gene id: 10090:Paqr5
uniprot id: Q497J6
uniprot id: Q9DCU0
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ADIPOR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Membrane
messages: Non-classical progesterone receptors involved in extranuclear signaling are classified in 2 groups: the class II progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family (also called mPRs) (PAQR5, PAQR6, PAQR7, PAQR8 and PAQR9) and the b5-like heme/steroid-binding protein family (also called MAPRs) (PGRMC1, PGRMC2, NENF and CYB5D2).
messages: Plasma membrane progesterone (P4) receptor coupled to G proteins. Seems to act through a G(i) mediated pathway. May be involved in oocyte maturation.

10090:Prss52
gene id: 10090:Prss52
uniprot id: Q9D9M0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable serine protease.

10090:Plcb3
gene id: 10090:Plcb3
uniprot id: P51432
uniprot id: Q8CI86
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, skeletal muscle, liver, lung, heart and brain.
messages: Interacts with SHANK2 (By similarity). Interacts with LPAR2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes.

10090:Lrrn1
gene id: 10090:Lrrn1
uniprot id: Q61809
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Membrane

10090:Thy1
gene id: 10090:Thy1
uniprot id: P01831
names: Function
names: Polymorphism
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: May play a role in cell-cell or cell-ligand interactions during synaptogenesis and other events in the brain.
messages: There are two major alleles; Thy-1.1 (CD90.1) and Thy-1.2 (CD90.2).

10090:Eif4e2
gene id: 10090:Eif4e2
uniprot id: D3YUV9
uniprot id: D3Z729
uniprot id: G3X9H1
uniprot id: Q0P688
uniprot id: Q8BMB3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: ISGylation enhances its cap structure-binding activity and translation-inhibition activity.
messages: Interacts with EIF4EBP1, EIF4EBP2 and EIF4EBP3 (PubMed:15153109). Does not interact with eIF4G (EIF4G1, EIF4G2 or EIF4G3) (PubMed:15153109). Component of the 4EHP-GYF2 complex, at least composed of EIF4E2, GIGYF2 and ZNF598 (By similarity). Interacts with GIGYF2 (via the 4EHP-binding motif); the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with EIF4ENIF1/4E-T (via YXXXXLphi motif); increasing affinity for the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap (By similarity).
messages: Lethality; mice die just before birth.
messages: P-body
messages: Recognizes and binds the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap during an early step in the initiation (PubMed:15153109). Acts as a repressor of translation initiation (By similarity). In contrast to EIF4E, it is unable to bind eIF4G (EIF4G1, EIF4G2 or EIF4G3), suggesting that it acts by competing with EIF4E and block assembly of eIF4F at the cap (PubMed:15153109). In P-bodies, component of a complex that promotes miRNA-mediated translational repression (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by ARIH1. The consequences of ubiquitination are however unclear: according to a report, EIF4E2 ubiquitination leads to promote EIF4E2 cap-binding and protein translation arrest. According to another report ubiquitination leads to its subsequent degradation.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in testis, kidney and liver.

10090:Calcrl
gene id: 10090:Calcrl
uniprot id: A2AR99
uniprot id: Q9R1W5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed predominantly in the lung, thymus, heart and brain.
messages: Heterodimer of CALCRL and RAMP1, RAMP2 or RAMP3.
messages: Heterodimer of CALCRL and RAMP3 (By similarity). Heterodimer of CALCRL and RAMP1 or CALCRL and RAMP2 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) together with RAMP1 and receptor for adrenomedullin together with RAMP2 or RAMP3. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) together with RAMP1 and receptor for adrenomedullin together with RAMP2 or RAMP3. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.

10090:1110017D15Rik
gene id: 10090:1110017D15Rik
uniprot id: Q2MH31
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SMRP1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During male germ cell development, expression of isoform 1 begins at day 21, increases after day 30 and continues to increase in the adult. Expressed in elongating spermatids from steps 9-12 (at protein level). Expression in the lung increases at 16 dpc.
messages: Interacts with alpha-tubulin.
messages: Isoforms 1 is testis-specific where it is expressed exclusively in germ cells (at protein level). Isoform 2 is testis-specific. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are expressed in both lung and testis.
messages: May be involved in differentiation or function of ciliated cells (By similarity). May play a role in spermatogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Rpa2
gene id: 10090:Rpa2
uniprot id: Q3TE40
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the replication factor A protein 2 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ccdc160
gene id: 10090:Ccdc160
uniprot id: Q3UYG1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CCDC160 family.

10090:Serpinb1a
gene id: 10090:Serpinb1a
uniprot id: Q9D154
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytolytic granule
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Monomer. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CASP1 and CASP4 (via CARD domain); these interactions regulate the activity of inflammatory caspases.
messages: Mutant mice do not differ from wild-type in growth, litter size or life span when maintained in a specific pathogen-free environement (PubMed:17664292). However, they have increased mortality in association with late-onset failed bacterial clearance, and specifically increased neutrophil death (PubMed:17664292, PubMed:30692621). Mutant mice also show a severe defect in the bone marrow reserve of mature neutrophils demonstrating a key role for in cellular homeostasis (PubMed:21683252, PubMed:21248149). In addition, Serpinb1a-deficiency leads to maladaptive beta-cell proliferation in insulin-resistant states (PubMed:26701651).
messages: Neutrophil serine protease inhibitor that plays an essential role in the regulation of the innate immune response, inflammation and cellular homeostasis (PubMed:17664292, PubMed:21683252, PubMed:21248149, PubMed:30692621). Acts primarily to protect the cell from proteases released in the cytoplasm during stress or infection (PubMed:17664292). These proteases are important in killing microbes but when released from granules, these potent enzymes also destroy host proteins and contribute to mortality. Regulates the activity of the neutrophil proteases elastase, cathepsin G, proteinase-3, chymase, chymotrypsin, and kallikrein-3. Acts also as a potent intracellular inhibitor of granzyme H (PubMed:12189154). During inflammation, limits the activity of inflammatory caspases CASP1 and CASP4 by suppressing their caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) oligomerization and enzymatic activation (PubMed:30692621). In addition, promotes the proliferation of beta-cells when secreted (PubMed:26701651).
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitous with higher expression in pancreas, spleen and bone marrow.

10090:Tbc1d2b
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d2b
uniprot id: Q3U0J8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Early endosome
messages: GTPase-activating protein that plays a role in the early steps of endocytosis.

10090:Taar7a
gene id: 10090:Taar7a
uniprot id: Q5QD12
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Mice lacking Taar2, Taar3, Taar4, Taar5, Taar6, Taar7a, Taar7b, Taar7d, Taar7e, Taar7f, Taar8a, Taar8b, Taar8c and Taar9 show no visible phenotype or behavioral deficits. They however show an absence of aversion to low concentrations of amines such as 2-phenylethylamine, isopentylamine, N-methylpiperidine and cadaverine.
messages: Orphan olfactory receptor specific for trace amines.
messages: Specifically expressed in neurons of the olfactory epithelium.

10090:Ryr2
gene id: 10090:Ryr2
uniprot id: E9Q401
uniprot id: Q80ZZ5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ryanodine receptor (TC 1.A.3.1) family. RYR2 subfamily.
messages: Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. In cardiac myocytes, calcium release is triggered by increased Ca(2+) levels due to activation of the L-type calcium channel CACNA1C. The calcium channel activity is modulated by formation of heterotetramers with RYR3. Required for cellular calcium ion homeostasis. Required for embryonic heart development.
messages: Channel activity is modulated by phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at Ser-2807 and Ser-2813 increases the open probability of the calcium channel. Phosphorylation is increased in failing heart, leading to calcium leaks and increased cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels.
messages: Channel activity is modulated by the alkaloid ryanodine that binds to the open Ca-release channel with high affinity. At low concentrations, ryanodine maintains the channel in an open conformation. High ryanodine concentrations inhibit channel activity. Channel activity is regulated by calmodulin (CALM). The calcium release is activated by increased cytoplasmic calcium levels, by nitric oxyde (NO), caffeine and ATP. Channel activity is inhibited by magnesium ions, possibly by competition for calcium binding sites (By similarity).
messages: Embryonically lethal. Embryos die at about 10 dpc, due to defects in heart tube development. Cardiac myotubes display enlarged rough endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic vesicles that contain high levels of Ca(2+).
messages: Highly expressed in heart, lung, cerebellum and brain. Detected at lower levels in adrenal gland, stomach, thymus, esophagus and ovary.
messages: Homotetramer. Can also form heterotetramers with RYR1 and RYR3. Interacts with CALM and S100A1; these interactions regulate channel activity. Identified in a complex composed of RYR2, FKBP1B, PKA catalytic subunit, PRKAR2A, AKAP6, and the protein phosphatases PP2A and PP1. Interacts directly with FKBP1B, PKA, PP1 and PP2A (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP1A and FKBP1B; these interactions may stabilize the channel in its closed state and prevent Ca(2+) leaks. Interacts with SELENON (By similarity). Identified in a complex, composed of FSD2, CMYA5 and RYR2 (PubMed:28740084).
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-2030 by PKA enhances the response to lumenal calcium.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: The calcium release channel activity resides in the C-terminal region while the remaining part of the protein resides in the cytoplasm.

10090:Gstt1
gene id: 10090:Gstt1
uniprot id: Q64471
uniprot id: Q9DCY6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Theta family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Also binds steroids, bilirubin, carcinogens and numerous organic anions. Has dichloromethane dehalogenase activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In liver, highest expression found in central vein limiting plate hepatocytes. Also expressed in interlobular bile duct epithelial cells. In lung, expressed in club cells and ciliated cells of the bronchiolar epithelium and in type II alveolar cells of the lung parenchyma.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atp6v1c2
gene id: 10090:Atp6v1c2
uniprot id: Q99L60
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the V-ATPase C subunit family.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the lung and kidney. Isoform 1 is lung-specific while isoform 3 is a kidney-specific isoform. Isoform 1 is localized in the lamellar bodies of type II alveolar cells. Isoform 2 is strongly expressed in the cortical and medulla collecting ducts and is found in the plasma membranes of renal alpha and beta intercalated cells.
messages: Significant expression seen at 17 dpc and not earlier.
messages: Subunit of the V1 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). Subunit C is necessary for the assembly of the catalytic sector of the enzyme and is likely to have a specific function in its catalytic activity (By similarity).
messages: V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex. The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H. The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and the accessory subunits ATP6AP1/Ac45 and ATP6AP2/PRR.

10090:E130311K13Rik
gene id: 10090:E130311K13Rik
uniprot id: Q8BN57
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in transcription regulation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Hoxd8
gene id: 10090:Hoxd8
uniprot id: A2ASN1
uniprot id: F6W963
uniprot id: P23463
uniprot id: Q9CUH8
uniprot id: Q9CUQ8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Nipal3
gene id: 10090:Nipal3
uniprot id: A2A987
uniprot id: Q8BGN5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cracr2b
gene id: 10090:Cracr2b
uniprot id: Q80ZJ8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the EFCAB4 family.
messages: Plays a role in store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE).

10090:Mpnd
gene id: 10090:Mpnd
uniprot id: Q3TV65
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67 family.
messages: Degraded following binding to N(6)-methyladenosine methylated DNA (m6A).
messages: Probable protease (By similarity). Acts as a sensor of N(6)-methyladenosine methylation on DNA (m6A): recognizes and binds m6A DNA, leading to its degradation (By similarity).
messages: The RAMA domain recognizes and binds N(6)-methyladenosine methylation on DNA (m6A).

10090:Qrich1
gene id: 10090:Qrich1
uniprot id: Q3UA37
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed highly in prefrontal cortex, craniofacial area and near the limbs of mouse embryos. Expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, lung, brain, spleen, intestine and growth plate in mice.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CARD domain may be involved in the regulation of caspase activity in the context of programmed cell death.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that acts as a mediator of the integrated stress response (ISR) through transcriptional control of protein homeostasis under conditions of ER stress (PubMed:33384352). Controls the outcome of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an ER-stress response pathway that either promotes recovery of ER homeostasis and cell survival, or triggers the terminal UPR which elicits programmed cell death when ER stress is prolonged and unresolved (PubMed:33384352). ER stress induces QRICH1 translation by a ribosome translation re-initiation mechanism in response to EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, and stress-induced QRICH1 regulates a transcriptional program associated with protein translation, protein secretion-mediated proteotoxicity and cell death during the terminal UPR (By similarity). May cooperate with ATF4 transcription factor signaling to regulate ER homeostasis which is critical for cell viability (By similarity). Up-regulates CASP3/caspase-3 activity in epithelial cells under ER stress. Central regulator of proteotoxicity associated with ER stress-mediated inflammatory diseases in the intestines and liver (PubMed:33384352). Involved in chondrocyte hypertrophy, a process required for normal longitudinal bone growth (PubMed:30281152).

10090:Lypd6
gene id: 10090:Lypd6
uniprot id: Q8BPP5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) function in the brain (PubMed:19403274). Inhibits nicotine-induced Ca(2+) influx through nAChRs (By similarity). In vitro, specifically inhibits alpha-3:beta-4 and alpha-7 nAChR currents in an allosteric manner (By similarity). Acts as a positive regulator of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in the frontal cortex and hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:25680266). Highly expressed in the brain and spinal cord, as well as dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia (PubMed:19403274).
messages: Interacts with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) including CHRNA3, CHRNA4, CHRNA5, CHRNA6, CHRNA7, CHRNB2 and CHRNB4 (By similarity). Interacts (via NxI motif) with LRP6 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Secreted
messages: The UPAR/Ly6 domain is sufficient for inhibiting alpha-3:beta-4 and alpha-7-dependent nAChR currents.
messages: dendrite
messages: synaptosome

10090:Tet2
gene id: 10090:Tet2
uniprot id: A0A0G2JF55
uniprot id: Q4JK59
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TET family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 3 zinc ions per subunit. The zinc ions have a structural role.
messages: Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in active DNA demethylation. Has a preference for 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in CpG motifs. Also mediates subsequent conversion of 5hmC into 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and conversion of 5fC to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Conversion of 5mC into 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC probably constitutes the first step in cytosine demethylation. Methylation at the C5 position of cytosine bases is an epigenetic modification of the mammalian genome which plays an important role in transcriptional regulation. In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, also involved in the recruitment of the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT to CpG-rich transcription start sites of active genes, thereby promoting histone H2B GlcNAcylation by OGT.
messages: Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming during embryonic development.
messages: Highly expressed in the brain, kidney, heart, lung, muscle and stomach. Present in embryonic stem cells (ES cells).
messages: Interacts with HCFC1 (By similarity). Interacts with OGT.
messages: May be glycosylated. It is unclear whether interaction with OGT leads to GlcNAcylation. According to a report, it is GlcNAcylated by OGT (PubMed:23352454). In contrast, another group reports no GlcNAcylation by OGT in human ortholog.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but develop chronic myelomonocytic leukemia probably caused by dysregulation of hematopoietic stem cells. Mice lacking both Tet1 and Tet2 are fertile, with females having smaller ovaries and reduced fertility. They display decreased 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and abnormal methylation at various imprinted loci. Embryonic stem cells lacking both Tet1 and Tet2 remain pluripotent but lack 5hmC, leading to developmental defects in chimeric embryos.
messages: Subsequent steps in cytosine demethylation are subject to discussion. According to a first model cytosine demethylation occurs through deamination of 5hmC into 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) and subsequent replacement by unmethylated cytosine by the base excision repair system. According to another model, cytosine demethylation is rather mediated via conversion of 5hmC into 5fC and 5caC, followed by excision by TDG (PubMed:21817016).
messages: The zinc ions have a structural role.

10090:Acat1
gene id: 10090:Acat1
uniprot id: Q8QZT1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by potassium ions, but not sodium ions.
messages: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Succinylation at Lys-265, adjacent to a coenzyme A binding site. Desuccinylated by SIRT5.
messages: This is one of the enzymes that catalyzes the last step of the mitochondrial beta-oxidation pathway, an aerobic process breaking down fatty acids into acetyl-CoA. Using free coenzyme A/CoA, catalyzes the thiolytic cleavage of medium- to long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoAs into acetyl-CoA and a fatty acyl-CoA shortened by two carbon atoms. The activity of the enzyme is reversible and it can also catalyze the condensation of two acetyl-CoA molecules into acetoacetyl-CoA. Thereby, it plays a major role in ketone body metabolism.

10090:Gzmf
gene id: 10090:Gzmf
uniprot id: P08883
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytolytic granule
messages: This enzyme is probably necessary for target cell lysis in cell-mediated immune responses.

10090:Neurod1
gene id: 10090:Neurod1
uniprot id: Q60867
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator: mediates transcriptional activation by binding to E box-containing promoter consensus core sequences 5'-CANNTG-3'. Associates with the p300/CBP transcription coactivator complex to stimulate transcription of the secretin gene as well as the gene encoding the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Contributes to the regulation of several cell differentiation pathways, like those that promote the formation of early retinal ganglion cells, inner ear sensory neurons, granule cells forming either the cerebellum or the dentate gyrus cell layer of the hippocampus, endocrine islet cells of the pancreas and enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine. Together with PAX6 or SIX3, is required for the regulation of amacrine cell fate specification. Also required for dendrite morphogenesis and maintenance in the cerebellar cortex. Associates with chromatin to enhancer regulatory elements in genes encoding key transcriptional regulators of neurogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Efficient DNA-binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (PubMed:12810726, PubMed:18069799). Heterodimer with TCF3/E47; the heterodimer is inhibited in presence of ID2, but not NR0B2, to E-box element (PubMed:18069799, PubMed:23395635). Interacts with EP300; the interaction is inhibited by NR0B2 (PubMed:9512516). Interacts with RREB1 (By similarity). Interacts with ATOH8 (PubMed:18560595).
messages: Expressed in glucagon- and ghrelin-producing cells of the pancreas at 14.5 dpc. Expressed in each of the hormone-producing cells population of the pancreas, except somatostatin-producing cells at 16.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed during embryonic development. Expressed in the earliest islet precursor cells of the pancreas at 9.5 dpc. Expressed in neuronal cells in the inner ear between 9.5 and 12.5 dpc. Expressed within the otic epithelium and among the delaminating cells migrating away from the ear to form sensory neurons at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the upper blade of the nascent dentate gyrus at 16.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in pancreatic beta cells, pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and retinal interneurons amacrine cells (at protein level). Expressed in endocrine cells of the pancreas. Expressed in the inner layer of cerebellar external granular layer (EGL). Expressed in the Ammon's horn (AH), which includes the CA1-CA3 pyramidal layer and in granule cells of the dentate gyrus (DG). Expressed in photoreceptors of the outer nuclear layer (ONL), in a subset of cells in the lower half of the inner nuclear layer (INL), and in a subset of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina. Expressed in cholinergic and AII amacrine cell types. Expressed in differentiating neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
messages: In islet cells, phosphorylated on Ser-274 upon glucose stimulation; which may be required for nuclear localization. In activated neurons, phosphorylated on Ser-336; which promotes dendritic growth (By similarity). Phosphorylated by MAPK1; phosphorylation regulates heterodimerization and DNA-binding activities. Phosphorylation on Ser-266 and Ser-274 increases transactivation on the insulin promoter in glucose-stimulated insulinoma cells.
messages: Mice are deaf and die shortly after birth due to neonatal diabetes that results from developmental and functional defects of the pancreatic endocrine cells. Show a loss of enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine, airway and alveolar epithelial cells in the lung, granular neuronal cells in the cerebellum, hippocampal dentate gyrus and sensory neurons in the inner ear due to extensive cell death that occurs during the early stages of differentiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Up-regulated by NKX2-2 and NEUROG3.

10090:Lbx1
gene id: 10090:Lbx1
uniprot id: P52955
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Death at birth. Mice fail to expand their lungs and do not move their abnormally thin limbs.
messages: Expressed in the developing central nervous system from 10.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc. Expressed in presumptive myogenic cells from 9.5 dpc until 16.5 dpc with highest levels at 10.5-11.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the dorsal part of the spinal cord and hindbrain and in presumptive myogenic cells in lateral regions of differentiating somites.
messages: Interacts with SKOR1 which acts as a transcriptional corepressor.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required for the development of GABAergic interneurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and migration and further development of hypaxial muscle precursor cells for limb muscles, diaphragm and hypoglossal cord.

10090:Tsr1
gene id: 10090:Tsr1
uniprot id: Q5SWD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Bms1-like GTPase family. TSR1 subfamily.
messages: Required during maturation of the 40S ribosomal subunit in the nucleolus.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Purb
gene id: 10090:Purb
uniprot id: O35295
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PUR DNA-binding protein family.
messages: Has capacity to bind repeated elements in single-stranded DNA such as the purine-rich single strand of the PUR element located upstream of the MYC gene. Participates in transcriptional and translational regulation of alpha-MHC expression in cardiac myocytes by binding to the purine-rich negative regulatory (PNR) element. Modulates constitutive liver galectin-3 gene transcription by binding to its promoter. May play a role in the dendritic transport of a subset of mRNAs (By similarity). Plays a role in the control of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) alpha-actin gene transcription as repressor in myoblasts and fibroblasts.
messages: Homodimer, heterodimer with PURA and heterotrimer with PURA and YBX1/Y-box protein 1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Patz1
gene id: 10090:Patz1
uniprot id: Q5NBZ1
uniprot id: Q80XS2
uniprot id: Q9JMG9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Wbp2nl
gene id: 10090:Wbp2nl
uniprot id: Q9D529
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: May play a role in meiotic resumption and pronuclear formation, mediated by a WW domain-signaling pathway during fertilization.

10090:Dnaja4
gene id: 10090:Dnaja4
uniprot id: Q9JMC3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in testis and heart.

10090:Cycs
gene id: 10090:Cycs
uniprot id: P62897
uniprot id: Q56A15
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c family.
messages: Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.
messages: Binds 1 heme group per subunit.
messages: Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
messages: Found in embryos and in adult liver and heart.
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration.
messages: Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.

10090:Sv2b
gene id: 10090:Sv2b
uniprot id: Q8BG39
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA).
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21483489). No evidence for its interaction with BoNT/D has also been published (PubMed:21632541).
messages: (Microbial infection) Possible receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21483489). Not a receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD) (PubMed:21632541).
messages: (Microbial infection) Receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA); the toxin probably binds via extracellular loop 4 (PubMed:16543415).
messages: (Microbial infection) Receptor for C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E); the toxin probably binds via extracellular loop 4 (PubMed:18815274). It probably requires glycosylation of Asn-516 (PubMed:18815274).
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: Expressed during synaptogenesis in the retina (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in ribbon synapses of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:12687700). Expressed in diaphragm motor nerve terminals (at protein level) (PubMed:16543415). Expressed in hippocampus neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:18815274).
messages: Interacts with SYT1 in a calcium-independent manner. Forms a complex with SYT1, syntaxin-1 and SNAP25.
messages: Mice display no particular phenotype (PubMed:10624962). Single knockout mice survive significantly longer than wild-type mice upon exposure to C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA) (PubMed:16543415). Mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b experience severe epileptic seizures and die immediately or shortly after birth similarly to mice lacking only Sv2a (PubMed:10624962). Single knockout mice bind reduced amounts of BoNT/A than wild-type mice (PubMed:16543415). Single knockout mice are significantly more resistant to C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E) than wild-type mice (PubMed:18815274). In single knockout mice, synaptobrevin (VAMP, the target of C.botulinum neurotoxin type D, BoNT/D) is degraded by BoNT/D, and hippocampal neurons bind BoNT/D (PubMed:21483489). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind BoNT/A, nor do they take it up (PubMed:16543415, PubMed:18815274). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E), nor do they take it up (PubMed:18815274). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b do not bind C.botulinum neurotoxin type D (BoNT/D, botD), nor do they take it up (PubMed:21483489). Hippocampal neurons from young mice lacking both Sv2a and Sv2b take up C.botulinum neurotoxin type C (BoNT/C) and C.botulinum neurotoxin type F (BonT/F, botF) normally (PubMed:21483489).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Probably plays a role in the control of regulated secretion in neural and endocrine cells.
messages: The N-terminal cytoplasmic domain is phosphorylated by CK1.
messages: The use of this protein as a coreceptor for C.botulinum type D (BoNT/D, botD) is controversial. In double SV2A/SV2B knockout mice BoNT/D does not degrade its synaptobrevin target; introducing SV2A, SV2B or SV2C restores target cleavage (PubMed:21483489). However another group does not find a convincing interaction with SV2 (PubMed:21632541).
messages: Up-regulated upon Sv2a depletion.
messages: acrosome
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Atg101
gene id: 10090:Atg101
uniprot id: Q9D8Z6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophagy factor required for autophagosome formation. Stabilizes ATG13, protecting it from proteasomal degradation.
messages: Belongs to the ATG101 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ATG13. Associates with a complex composed of ATG13, ULK1 and RB1CC1; the association with this complex requires the presence of ATG13.
messages: Preautophagosomal structure

10090:Nrcam
gene id: 10090:Nrcam
uniprot id: Q6QRP1
uniprot id: Q810U4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. L1/neurofascin/NgCAM family.
messages: Cell adhesion protein that is required for normal responses to cell-cell contacts in brain and in the peripheral nervous system. Plays a role in neurite outgrowth in response to contactin binding (PubMed:11564762). Plays a role in mediating cell-cell contacts between Schwann cells and axons (PubMed:20188654). Plays a role in the formation and maintenance of the nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons. Nodes of Ranvier contain clustered sodium channels that are crucial for the saltatory propagation of action potentials along myelinated axons. During development, nodes of Ranvier are formed by the fusion of two heminodes. Required for normal clustering of sodium channels at heminodes; not required for the formation of mature nodes with normal sodium channel clusters (PubMed:14602817, PubMed:20188654). Required, together with GLDN, for maintaining NFASC and sodium channel clusters at mature nodes of Ranvier (PubMed:24719088).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Constituent of a NFASC/NRCAM/ankyrin-G complex (Probable). Detected in a complex with CNTN1 and PTPRB (PubMed:11564762). Interacts with GLDN/gliomedin and MYOC (PubMed:16039564, PubMed:23897819).
messages: Detected in sciatic nerve (PubMed:14602817, PubMed:20188654, PubMed:24719088). Detected in brain, especially in the cerebellum Purkinje cell layer, inner granule cell layer and molecular layer (at protein level) (PubMed:11564762). Detected in neurons and Schwann cells (PubMed:20188654).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile. They present no obvious phenotype excepting subtle size differences of cerebellar lobes IV and V. Contrary to wild-type, cerebellar cells do not form neurites when plated on a surface coated with contactin (in vitro) (PubMed:11564762). Neonates present delayed formation of sodium channel clusters at developing nodes of Ranvier, but are indistiguishable from wild-type at 10 days after birth (PubMed:14602817, PubMed:20188654). Mice lacking both Gldn and Nrcam are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but are smaller than control littermates and display important neurological impairments, in spite of seemingly normal nerve myelination. Motor abnormalities vary between individuals, ranging from ataxia, uncoordinated movements and premature death to weakness of the hind limbs, hypomotility, strongly impaired ability to hang from a horizontal bar with their forelimbs and a tendency to stumble. The motor defects correlate with decreased velocity of nerve conduction and slower propagation of action potentials. Most mice die within 60 days after birth, and none are fertile. Mutant mice display delayed formation of mature nodes of Ranvier; 15 days after birth about 20% of the nodes lack detectable sodium channel clusters. Sodium channel clustering and nerve conduction appear normal 60 and 75 days after birth, but subsequently a gradual disintegration of the nodal protein complexes is seen. About 70% of the mutant nodes present high-density sodium channel clustering at 120 days after birth, as opposed to nearly 100% for wild-type. Contrary to wild-type, in adult nodes of Ranvier the sodium channels are often clustered near the paranode border with an empty gap in the middle. At nodes of Ranvier, Schwann cell microvilli are sparse or absent and show defects in their orientation, resulting in various structural abnormalities at the node and the paranode border (PubMed:24719088).
messages: Secreted
messages: axon

10090:Lbp
gene id: 10090:Lbp
uniprot id: Q61805
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BPI/LBP/Plunc superfamily. BPI/LBP family.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule membrane
messages: Plays a role in the innate immune response. Binds to the lipid A moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a glycolipid present in the outer membrane of all Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:9144073). Acts as an affinity enhancer for CD14, facilitating its association with LPS (By similarity). Promotes the release of cytokines in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (PubMed:24380872).
messages: Secreted
messages: When bound to LPS, interacts (via C-terminus) with soluble and membrane-bound CD14.

10090:Bgn
gene id: 10090:Bgn
uniprot id: P28653
uniprot id: Q3TNY9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family. SLRP class I subfamily.
messages: Found in several connective tissues, especially in articular cartilages.
messages: May be involved in collagen fiber assembly.
messages: The two attached glycosaminoglycan chains can be either chondroitin sulfate or dermatan sulfate.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ghr
gene id: 10090:Ghr
uniprot id: P16882
uniprot id: Q3UNY8
uniprot id: Q3UP14
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During gestation, both hepatic and serum expression begins at day 9. Levels increased 8-fold in liver and 30-fold in serum by late gestation. Levels of isoform 1 and isoform 2 similarly begin at day 9 with isoform 1 expression reaching maximum levels by day 13, isoform 2 levels continue to increase until the end of pregnancy.
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested including, liver, heart, adipose tissue, mammary gland, testes, ovary, brain, kidney and muscle. Highest levels in liver.
messages: On GH binding, phosphorylated on tyrosine residues in the cytoplasmic domain by JAK2.
messages: On growth hormone (GH) binding, forms homodimers and binds JAK2 via a box 1-containing domain. Binding to SOCS3 inhibits JAK2 activation, binding to CIS and SOCS2 inhibits STAT5 activation.
messages: On ligand binding, ubiquitinated on lysine residues in the cytoplasmic domain. This ubiquitination is not sufficient for GHR internalization (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for pituitary gland growth hormone involved in regulating postnatal body growth. On ligand binding, couples to, and activates the JAK2/STAT5 pathway (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.
messages: The extracellular domain is the ligand-binding domain representing the growth hormone-binding protein (GHBP).
messages: The soluble form (GHBP) acts as a reservoir of growth hormone in plasma and may be a modulator/inhibitor of GH signaling.
messages: The ubiquitination-dependent endocytosis motif (UbE) is required for recruitment of the ubiquitin conjugation system on to the receptor and for its internalization.

10090:Wdr3
gene id: 10090:Wdr3
uniprot id: Q8BHB4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR3/UTP12 family.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Syn2
gene id: 10090:Syn2
uniprot id: Q64332
uniprot id: Q8CE19
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synapsin family.
messages: Can form oligomers with SYN1 (By similarity). Interacts with CAPON.
messages: Expressed exclusively in neuronal cells. Isoform IIb is enriched in sympathetic cervical ganglion.
messages: Neuronal phosphoprotein that coats synaptic vesicles, binds to the cytoskeleton, and is believed to function in the regulation of neurotransmitter release. May play a role in noradrenaline secretion by sympathetic neurons.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-10 dissociates synapsins from synaptic vesicles (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-426 by MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1 may play a role in noradrenaline secretion by sympathetic neurons.
messages: Synapse
messages: The A region binds phospholipids with a preference for negatively charged species.

10090:Irf3
gene id: 10090:Irf3
uniprot id: P70671
uniprot id: Q3U9K6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: Constitutively phosphorylated on many Ser/Thr residues (PubMed:22065572). Activated following phosphorylation by TBK1 and IKBKE. Innate adapter protein MAVS, STING1 or TICAM1 are first activated by viral RNA, cytosolic DNA, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively, leading to activation of the kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. These kinases then phosphorylate the adapter proteins on the pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1. Phosphorylated IRF3 dissociates from the adapter proteins, dimerizes, and then enters the nucleus to induce IFNs (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Double knockout with TREX1 does not show a visible phenotype.
messages: ISGylated by HERC5 resulting in sustained IRF3 activation and in the inhibition of IRF3 ubiquitination by disrupting PIN1 binding. The phosphorylation state of IRF3 does not alter ISGylation.
messages: In the absence of viral infection, maintained as a monomer in an autoinhibited state. Phosphorylation by TBK1 and IKBKE disrupts this autoinhibition leading to the liberation of the DNA-binding and dimerization activities and its nuclear localization where it can activate type I IFN and ISG genes. Phosphorylation and activation follow the following steps: innate adapter protein MAVS, STING1 or TICAM1 are first activated by viral RNA, cytosolic DNA and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), respectively, leading to activation of the kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. These kinases then phosphorylate the adapter proteins on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1. Phosphorylated IRF3 dissociates from the adapter proteins, dimerizes, and then enters the nucleus to induce IFNs.
messages: Key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune responses which plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses (PubMed:15800576). Regulates the transcription of type I IFN genes (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISG) by binding to an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in their promoters (PubMed:15800576). Acts as a more potent activator of the IFN-beta (IFNB) gene than the IFN-alpha (IFNA) gene and plays a critical role in both the early and late phases of the IFNA/B gene induction (PubMed:16846591, PubMed:16979567, PubMed:20049431). Found in an inactive form in the cytoplasm of uninfected cells and following viral infection, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), or toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, is phosphorylated by IKBKE and TBK1 kinases (PubMed:16846591, PubMed:16979567, PubMed:20049431). This induces a conformational change, leading to its dimerization and nuclear localization and association with CREB binding protein (CREBBP) to form dsRNA-activated factor 1 (DRAF1), a complex which activates the transcription of the type I IFN and ISG genes (PubMed:16846591, PubMed:16979567, PubMed:20049431). Can activate distinct gene expression programs in macrophages and can induce significant apoptosis in primary macrophages (PubMed:16846591, PubMed:16979567, PubMed:20049431).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Homodimer; phosphorylation-induced. Interacts (when phosphorylated) with CREBBP. Interacts with MAVS (via phosphorylated pLxIS motif). Interacts with TICAM1 (via phosphorylated pLxIS motif). Interacts with STING1 (via phosphorylated pLxIS motif). Interacts with IKBKE and TBK1. Interacts with TICAM2. Interacts with RBCK1. Interacts with HERC5. Interacts with DDX3X; the interaction allows the phosphorylation and activation of IRF3 by IKBKE. Interacts with TRIM21 and ULK1, in the presence of TRIM21; this interaction leads to IRF3 degradation by autophagy. Interacts with RIOK3; RIOK3 probably mediates the interaction of TBK1 with IRF3. Interacts with ILRUN; the interaction inhibits IRF3 binding to its DNA consensus sequence. Interacts with LYAR; this interaction impairs IRF3 DNA-binding activity. Interacts with TRAF3. Interacts with ZDHHC11; ZDHHC11 recruits IRF3 to STING1 upon DNA virus infection and thereby promotes IRF3 activation (By similarity). Interacts with HSP90AA1; the interaction mediates IRF3 association with TOMM70. Interacts with BCL2; the interaction decreases upon Sendai virus infection. Interacts with BAX; the interaction is direct, increases upon virus infection and mediates the formation of the apoptosis complex TOMM70:HSP90AA1:IRF3:BAX (By similarity). Interacts with DDX56 (By similarity). Interacts with NBR1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by apoptotic caspases during apoptosis, leading to its inactivation. Cleavage by CASP3 during virus-induced apoptosis inactivates it, preventing cytokine overproduction.
messages: Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination involves RBCK1 leading to proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated; ubiquitination involves TRIM21 leading to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitinated by UBE3C, leading to its degradation.

10090:Gpbar1
gene id: 10090:Gpbar1
uniprot id: Q14AA9
uniprot id: Q80SS6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for bile acid. Bile acid-binding induces its internalization, activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and intracellular cAMP production. May be involved in the suppression of macrophage functions by bile acids (By similarity). Involved in bile acid promoted GLP1R secretion.

10090:Rps5
gene id: 10090:Rps5
uniprot id: P97461
uniprot id: Q91V55
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS7 family.

10090:Atp1b4
gene id: 10090:Atp1b4
uniprot id: B1APX1
uniprot id: Q99ME6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with a SMAD7-transcriptional complex. Interacts with TOR1AIP1. Does not associate with known Na,K-ATPase alpha-subunits (By similarity). Interacts with SNW1.
messages: Belongs to the X(+)/potassium ATPases subunit beta family.
messages: Expressed in embryo 15.5 dpc, onward.
messages: Expressed in skeletal muscle (at protein level). Expressed during postnatal development in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: May act as a transcriptional coregulator during muscle development through its interaction with SNW1. Has lost its ancestral function as a Na,K-ATPase beta-subunit (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane.

10090:Thada
gene id: 10090:Thada
uniprot id: A8C756
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the THADA family.
messages: Intron retention.

10090:Spg21
gene id: 10090:Spg21
uniprot id: A2RT57
uniprot id: Q9CQC8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in cell lines FT.1 and in a L cell fibroblast derivative (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CD4. Interacts with ALDH16A1.
messages: May play a role as a negative regulatory factor in CD4-dependent T-cell activation.

10090:Rpl27a
gene id: 10090:Rpl27a
uniprot id: P14115
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL15 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Hydroxylated on His-39 by MINA.

10090:Man2c1
gene id: 10090:Man2c1
uniprot id: Q91W89
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 38 family.
messages: Cleaves alpha 1,2-, alpha 1,3-, and alpha 1,6-linked mannose residues from glycoproteins. Involved in the degradation of free oligosaccharides in the cytoplasm.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in kidney and liver (at protein level) (PubMed:24550399). Widely expressed, with highest levels in lung, ovary and testis (PubMed:16904268). Also detected at lower levels in heart, brain, liver, spleen, kidney and thymus (PubMed:16904268).
messages: Inhibited by 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-mannitol (DIM) and EDTA.
messages: Viable and fertile with no gross defects. Loss of neutral mannosidase activity leading to accumulation of free higher-order oligosaccharides such as Man(8-9)GlcNAc(1) in many organs, particularly liver and heart. Tissues show histopathological changes with strongest defects observed in liver, small intestine, kidney and central nervous system (CNS). In liver, hepatocytes appear swollen with increased levels of glycogen and accumulation of lipid droplets. In the small intestine, enterocytes accumulate glycogen apically and also develop vacuoles in the basal cell region. In the CNS, neurons in isocortex lamina V show signs of degeneration with formation of vacuoles in basal cell regions. Vacuolation is also found in glial cells of white matter tracts. In kidney, there are signs of fibrosis along Bowman's capsule and a small number of glomeruli appear to be collapsed.

10090:Fxn
gene id: 10090:Fxn
uniprot id: O35943
uniprot id: Q3TV21
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the frataxin family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) complex composed of NFS1, LYRM4, NDUFAB1, ISCU, FXN, and FDX2; this complex is an heterohexamer containing two copies of each monomer (By similarity). Homodimer. Monomer (probable predominant form). Oligomer (PubMed:11823441). Monomers and polymeric aggregates of >1 MDa have been isolated from mitochondria. A small fraction of heterologous overexpressed recombinant frataxin forms high-molecular weight aggregates that incorporate iron. Interacts with LYRM4. Interacts (via ferrous form) with ISCU; the interaction is possible when both are bound to the dimeric form of the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4) and the interaction enhances FXN interaction to the dimeric form of the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4) (By similarity). Interacts with FECH; one iron-bound FXN monomer seems to interact with a FECH homodimer. Interacts with SDHA and SDHB (By similarity). Interacts with ACO2; the interaction is dependent on citrate (By similarity). Interacts with HSPA9 (By similarity). Component of a complex composed of FXN, NFS1, LYRM4 and ISCU (PubMed:21298097, PubMed:25597503).
messages: Expression in the ventricular zone which corresponds to dividing neuronal precursors begins at day 12.5, increases during embryonic development and persists at postnatal day 7 (P7) in the ependymal layer, which is the remnant of the ventricular zone. Weak expression seen in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata, starting at 14.5 dpc and expression also observed in dorsal root ganglia, starting at 14.5 dpc. At P14, expression in the dorsal root ganglia is restricted to the cortical region where the sensory neuron cell bodies are located. In non-neural tissues strong expression seen in the developing liver from 10.5 dpc. Expression detected in the heart and in the cortex of the developing kidney at 12.5 dpc and later. Very high expression observed in the brown adipose tissue. Expression seen in small islands around the neck and back at 14.5 dpc, then in large masses at 16.5 dpc and 18.5 dpc and at P14 is absent in brown adipose tissue. Expression also seen in the thymus and developing gut at 14.5 dpc and until postnatal life. At P14, expression in thymus is restricted to the proliferating cells in the cortical zone and is also prominent in the spleen. Found in the lung at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Functions as an activator of persulfide transfer to the scaffoding protein ISCU as component of the core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex and participates to the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly (PubMed:25597503, PubMed:19805308). Accelerates sulfur transfer from NFS1 persulfide intermediate to ISCU and to small thiols such as L-cysteine and glutathione leading to persulfuration of these thiols and ultimately sulfide release (PubMed:25597503). Binds ferrous ion and is released from FXN upon the addition of both L-cysteine and reduced FDX2 during [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly (By similarity). The core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex is involved in the de novo synthesis of a [2Fe-2S] cluster, the first step of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. This process is initiated by the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4:NDUFAB1) that produces persulfide which is delivered on the scaffold protein ISCU in a FXN-dependent manner. Then this complex is stabilized by FDX2 which provides reducing equivalents to accomplish the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly. Finally, the [2Fe-2S] cluster is transferred from ISCU to chaperone proteins, including HSCB, HSPA9 and GLRX5 (By similarity). May play a role in the protection against iron-catalyzed oxidative stress through its ability to catalyze the oxidation of Fe(2+) to Fe(3+); the oligomeric form but not the monomeric form has in vitro ferroxidase activity. May be able to store large amounts of iron in the form of a ferrihydrite mineral by oligomerization; however, the physiological relevance is unsure as reports are conflicting and the function has only been shown using heterologous overexpression systems. May function as an iron chaperone protein that protects the aconitase [4Fe-4S]2+ cluster from disassembly and promotes enzyme reactivation. May play a role as a high affinity iron binding partner for FECH that is capable of both delivering iron to ferrochelatase and mediating the terminal step in mitochondrial h…
messages: Heart, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, spleen and thymus. Weakly expressed in the brain and lung.
messages: Interacts with ACO1. Interacts with ISCU (cytoplasmic form).
messages: Loss of cell division and lethal in fibroblasts.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Modulates the RNA-binding activity of ACO1. May be involved in the cytoplasmic iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. May contribute to oxidative stress resistance and overall cell survival.
messages: Processed in two steps by mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP). MPP first cleaves the precursor to intermediate form and subsequently converts the intermediate to yield frataxin mature form (frataxin(81-210)) which is the predominant form. The additional forms, frataxin(56-210) and frataxin(78-210), seem to be produced when the normal maturation process is impaired; their physiological relevance is unsure.
messages: cytosol

10090:Kcnmb4
gene id: 10090:Kcnmb4
uniprot id: Q9JIN6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KCNMB (TC 8.A.14.1) family. KCNMB4 subfamily.
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1 tetramer (PubMed:10804197). There are probably 4 molecules of KCMNB4 per KCNMA1 tetramer (PubMed:10804197). Interacts with FMR1 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:25561520).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. A highly glycosylated form is promoted by KCNMA1. Glycosylation, which is not required for the interaction with KCNMA1 and subcellular location, increases protection against charybdotoxin (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation modulates its effect on KCNMA1 activation kinetics (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory subunit of the calcium activated potassium KCNMA1 (maxiK) channel. Modulates the calcium sensitivity and gating kinetics of KCNMA1, thereby contributing to KCNMA1 channel diversity. Decreases the gating kinetics and calcium sensitivity of the KCNMA1 channel, but with fast deactivation kinetics. May decrease KCNMA1 channel openings at low calcium concentrations but increases channel openings at high calcium concentrations. Makes KCNMA1 channel resistant to 100 nM charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin concentrations (By similarity).
messages: Resistance to charybdotoxin (CTX) toxin is mediated by the extracellular domain.

10090:Nsun3
gene id: 10090:Nsun3
uniprot id: Q8CCT7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RsmB/NOP family.
messages: Mitochondrial tRNA methyltransferase that mediates methylation of cytosine to 5-methylcytosine (m5C) at position 34 of mt-tRNA(Met). mt-tRNA(Met) methylation at cytosine(34) takes place at the wobble position of the anticodon and initiates the formation of 5-formylcytosine (f(5)c) at this position. mt-tRNA(Met) containing the f(5)c modification at the wobble position enables recognition of the AUA codon in addition to the AUG codon, expanding codon recognition in mitochondrial translation.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Gm14632
gene id: 10090:Gm14632
uniprot id: Q62478
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Gbp7
gene id: 10090:Gbp7
uniprot id: Q91Z40
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: By IFNG/IFN-gamma and IFNB1/IFN-beta (PubMed:18025219). Up-regulated upon infection by T.gondii or L.monocytogenes (PubMed:18025219). Up-regulated in response to influenza virus A infection (PubMed:33408175).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Hydrolyzes GTP to GMP in two consecutive cleavage reactions and predominantly uses GTP and not GDP or GMP as the substrate (PubMed:21551061, PubMed:31689351). Confers protection to several pathogens, including the bacterial pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium bovis BCG as well as the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii (PubMed:21551061, PubMed:31964735, PubMed:18025219). Promotes IFN-gamma-mediated host defense against bacterial infections by regulating oxidative responses and bacteriolytic peptide generation (PubMed:21551061). May help to assemble NADPH oxidase on phagosomal membranes by acting as a bridging protein between NADPH oxidase cytosolic subunits NCF2-NCF4 and the membrane subunits CYBA-CYBB (PubMed:21551061). Participates along with GBP1 in trafficking monoubiquinated protein cargo to autolysosomes for generating ubiquitin-derived antimicrobial peptides (PubMed:21551061). Required for disruption of the parasitophorous vacuole formed following T.gondii infection and subsequent killing of the parasite (PubMed:31964735). Facilitates influenza A virus replication by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappaB and JAK-STAT signaling pathways and the expression of type I, type III interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by orthovanadate, berylium fluoride and aluminum flouride.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show a dramatic susceptibility to T. gondii infection, resulting in rapid death of infected mice in the acute phase of infection. A significantly increased parasite load seen in the spleen, liver and the peritoneal fluid, with markedly elevated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and development of severe ascites.
messages: Monomer and dimer (PubMed:31689351). Interacts with CYBA, CYBA-CYBB complex and ATG4B (PubMed:21551061). Interacts (via GB1/RHD3-type G domain) with NCF2 and NCF2-NCF4 complex (PubMed:21551061).

10090:Bak1
gene id: 10090:Bak1
uniprot id: O08734
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with gamma-herpesvirus 68 protein vBCL2.
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Homodimer. Formation of the homodimer is zinc-dependent. Forms heterodimers with BCL2 and BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L). Forms heterooligomers with BAX (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2A1 (PubMed:18462686). Interacts withRTL10/BOP (PubMed:18462686). Interacts with VDAC1 (By similarity). Interacts with GIMAP3/IAN4 and GIMAP5/IAN5 (PubMed:16509771).
messages: In the presence of an appropriate stimulus, accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the anti-apoptotic action of BCL2.
messages: Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Ttyh3
gene id: 10090:Ttyh3
uniprot id: Q6P5F7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tweety family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in excitable tissues. Expressed in the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, colon, spleen, kidney and peripheral blood leukocytes. Also expressed in fat, the pancreas, thymus, and uterus.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Probable large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated chloride channel. May play a role in Ca(2+) signal transduction (By similarity).

10090:Calm4
gene id: 10090:Calm4
uniprot id: Q9JM83
names: Function
messages: Implicated in the early stage of ectopic ossification.

10090:Pgm2
gene id: 10090:Pgm2
uniprot id: Q7TSV4
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of the nucleoside breakdown products ribose-1-phosphate and deoxyribose-1-phosphate to the corresponding 5-phosphopentoses. Catalyzes the interconversion of glucose-1-phosphate into glucose-6-phosphate but with a lower catalytic efficiency. In vitro, has also a low glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase activity which is most probably not physiologically relevant.
messages: Highly expressed in lung, spleen and thymus. Expressed at lower levels in liver, brain, kidney, skeletal muscle, testis and heart.
messages: There is a known reversal of the Pgm1 and Pgm2 nomenclature applied to mouse versus other vertebrates. The official name of this gene in mouse is Pgm1 but it is the ortholog of other vertebrate PGM2 genes.
messages: cytosol

10090:Pdhb
gene id: 10090:Pdhb
uniprot id: Q9D051
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Heterotetramer of two PDHA1 and two PDHB subunits. The heterotetramer interacts with DLAT, and is part of the multimeric pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that contains multiple copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (DLAT, E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD, E3). These subunits are bound to an inner core composed of about 48 DLAT and 12 PDHX molecules. Interacts with DLAT.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the overall conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and CO(2), and thereby links the glycolytic pathway to the tricarboxylic cycle.

10090:Nlk
gene id: 10090:Nlk
uniprot id: O54949
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, in which WNT5A leads to activation of MAP3K7/TAK1 and HIPK2, which subsequently phosphorylates and activates this protein. Activated by dimerization and subsequent intermolecular autophosphorylation on Thr-298. Other cytokines such as IL6 may also activate this regulatory circuit.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Contains a TQE activation loop motif in which autophosphorylation of the threonine residue (Thr-298) is sufficient for kinase activation. This mode of activation contrasts with that of classical MAP kinases, which contain a TXY activation loop motif in which phosphorylation of both the threonine and tyrosine residues is required for kinase activation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in the brain, and at lower levels in heart, kidney, lung and liver.
messages: Homodimer. Homodimerization is required for intermolecular autophosphorylation, kinase activation and nuclear localization (PubMed:21118996). Interacts with RNF138/NARF (By similarity). Interacts with FOXO1 and FOXO3 (By similarity). Interacts with the upstream activating kinases HIPK2 and MAP3K7/TAK1. Interaction with MAP3K7/TAK1 seems to be indirect, and may be mediated by other proteins such as STAT3, TAB1 and TAB2. Interacts with and phosphorylates a number of transcription factors including FOXO4, LEF1, MYB, MYBL1, MYBL2, NOTCH1 and TCF7L2/TCF4. May interact with components of cullin-RING-based SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. Interacts with MEF2A (PubMed:12556497, PubMed:15004007, PubMed:15082531, PubMed:15308626, PubMed:16055500, PubMed:17785444, PubMed:18765672, PubMed:20118921, PubMed:20194509, PubMed:20874444). Interacts with ATF5; the interaction stabilizes ATF5 at the protein level in a kinase-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Thr-298. Intermolecular autophosphorylation on Thr-298 activates the enzyme.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that regulates a number of transcription factors with key roles in cell fate determination. Positive effector of the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, acting downstream of WNT5A, MAP3K7/TAK1 and HIPK2. Negative regulator of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway. Binds to and phosphorylates TCF7L2/TCF4 and LEF1, promoting the dissociation of the TCF7L2/LEF1/beta-catenin complex from DNA, as well as the ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis of LEF1. Together these effects inhibit the transcriptional activation of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin target genes. Negative regulator of the Notch signaling pathway. Binds to and phosphorylates NOTCH1, thereby preventing the formation of a transcriptionally active ternary complex of NOTCH1, RBPJ/RBPSUH and MAML1. Negative regulator of the MYB family of transcription factors. Phosphorylation of MYB leads to its subsequent proteolysis while phosphorylation of MYBL1 and MYBL2 inhibits their interaction with the coactivator CREBBP. Other transcription factors may also be inhibited by direct phosphorylation of CREBBP itself. Acts downstream of IL6 and MAP3K7/TAK1 to phosphorylate STAT3, which is in turn required for activation of NLK by MAP3K7/TAK1. Upon IL1B stimulus, cooperates with ATF5 to activate the transactivation activity of C/EBP subfamily members. Phosphorylates ATF5 but also stabilizes ATF5 protein levels in a kinase-independent manner (By similarity).

10090:Vsig8
gene id: 10090:Vsig8
uniprot id: Q6P3A4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Hipk1
gene id: 10090:Hipk1
uniprot id: O88904
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. HIPK subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highest at 12 dpc, where it is expressed primarily in the central nervous system. Highly induced during primary fetal liver erythropoiesis. Expressed in the inner retina during late embryogenesis, predominantly in cytoplasm.
messages: Interacts with Nkx1-2, Nkx2-5, MYB, PARK7, DAXX and p53/TP53. Part of a cytoplasmic complex made of HIPK1, DAB2IP and MAP3K5 in response to TNF. This complex formation promotes MAP3K5-JNK activation and subsequent apoptosis.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated and activated by JNK1 (By similarity). Autophosphorylated.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in transcription regulation and TNF-mediated cellular apoptosis. Plays a role as a corepressor for homeodomain transcription factors. Phosphorylates DAXX and MYB. Phosphorylates DAXX in response to stress, and mediates its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Inactivates MYB transcription factor activity by phosphorylation. Prevents MAP3K5-JNK activation in the absence of TNF. TNF triggers its translocation to the cytoplasm in response to stress stimuli, thus activating nuclear MAP3K5-JNK by derepression and promoting apoptosis. May be involved in anti-oxidative stress responses. Involved in the regulation of eye size, lens formation and retinal lamination during late embryogenesis. Promotes angiogenesis and to be involved in erythroid differentiation. May be involved in malignant squamous cell tumor formation. Phosphorylates PAGE4 at 'Thr-51' which is critical for the ability of PAGE4 to potentiate the transcriptional activator activity of JUN (By similarity).
messages: Small eyes with deficient lens, abnormal retinal lamination, and thickened retinas.
messages: Sumoylated. When conjugated it is directed to nuclear speckles. SENP1-mediated desumoylation is mediated by TNF in response to stress stimuli, triggering transient translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with high levels in reproductive tissues. Expressed in the epithelial layer of mammary gland, uterus and epididymis, in the corpus luteum, and in post-meiotic round spermatids.

10090:Tmem134
gene id: 10090:Tmem134
uniprot id: Q8R0J4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM134/TMEM230 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Olfr552
gene id: 10090:Olfr552
uniprot id: E9Q545
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sult2a1
gene id: 10090:Sult2a1
uniprot id: P52843
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in liver.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Not expressed until 19 dpc.
messages: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands (PubMed:12639899). Mediates the sulfation of a wide range of steroids and sterols, including pregnenolone, androsterone, DHEA, bile acids, cholesterol and as well many xenobiotics that contain alcohol and phenol functional groups. Sulfonation increases the water solubility of most compounds, and therefore their renal excretion, but it can also result in bioactivation to form active metabolites. Plays an important role in maintening steroid and lipid homeostasis. Plays a key role in bile acid metabolism (By similarity). In addition, catalyzes the metabolic activation of potent carcinogenic polycyclic arylmethanols (By similarity).

10090:Stum
gene id: 10090:Stum
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS08
uniprot id: Q0VBF8
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Able to rescue the walking impairment phenotype when transfected in mutant flies lacking the stum protein (AC Q9W2E1).
messages: Belongs to the SPEC3 family. Stum subfamily.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmprss11b
gene id: 10090:Tmprss11b
uniprot id: Q14C59
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in esophagus, cervix, tongue, and testes.
messages: Inhibited by aprotinin, leupeptin, benzamidine, SERPINA1, SPINT1 and SPINT2.
messages: Serine protease.

10090:Abcg2
gene id: 10090:Abcg2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B6
uniprot id: Q7TMS5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCG family. Eye pigment precursor importer (TC 3.A.1.204) subfamily.
messages: Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells (PubMed:10485464, PubMed:12477054, PubMed:12429862, PubMed:17145775, PubMed:30042379). Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme (PubMed:12429862, PubMed:15044468). Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells (By similarity). Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion (By similarity). In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (PubMed:30042379). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates (By similarity). Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (PubMed:17145775). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (PubMed:12429862). Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (PubMed:10485464). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux (PubMed:12477054). In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (PubMed:12429862). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (Probable).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in kidney. Lower expression in liver, colon, heart, spleen, and placenta (PubMed:11036110). Expressed in mammary gland (PubMed:17145775). Expressed in intestinal villi and renal proximal tubules, hepatic bile canalicular membranes, and placental labyrinth cells (at protein level) (PubMed:12429862).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. The minimal functional unit is a homodimer, but the major oligomeric form in plasma membrane is a homotetramer with possibility of higher order oligomerization up to homododecamers.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Abcg2 are born at the expected Mendelian ratio and do not display overt phenotype (PubMed:12429862). However, under specific housing conditions, they show phototoxic skin lesions induced by pheophorbide a, a porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll found in their diet, that accumulates in mice plasma (PubMed:12429862). They also accumulate a red substance in their bile and display protoporphyria with an accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) in erythrocytes (PubMed:12429862). Mice lacking Abcg2 present decreased elimination of some uremic toxins like indoxyl sulfate leading to their accumulation in plasma (PubMed:30042379). They also show reduced survival rate upon adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (PubMed:30042379).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. Glycosylation-deficient ABCG2 is normally expressed and functional.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation may regulate the localization to the plasma membrane, the homooligomerization and therefore, the activity of the transporter.
messages: Specifically inhibited by the fungal toxin fumitremorgin C and Ko143.
messages: The extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) is involved in binding porphyrins and transfer them to other carriers, probably albumin.
messages: Up-regulated upon hypoxia.

10090:Atp5o
gene id: 10090:Atp5o
uniprot id: Q9DB20
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-162 decreases ATP production. Deacetylated by SIRT3 (By similarity).
messages: Acetylation of Lys-70 and Lys-158 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the ATPase delta chain family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain and the peripheric stalk, which acts as a stator to hold the catalytic alpha(3)beta(3) subcomplex and subunit a/ATP6 static relative to the rotary elements.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Psmb8
gene id: 10090:Psmb8
uniprot id: P28063
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocleaved. The resulting N-terminal Thr residue of the mature subunit is responsible for the nucleophile proteolytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Expressed in spleen, thymus, lung, liver, heart and, at a very low level, in kidney. Not expressed in brain nor testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Component of the immunoproteasome, where it displaces the equivalent housekeeping subunit PSMB5. Component of the spermatoproteasome, a form of the proteasome specifically found in testis. Directly interacts with POMP. Interacts with TAP1.
messages: The allele, LMP7k/LMP7s/LMPf/LMP7r/LMPcas4/LMPg7 found in strains NMRI, B10.BR, SJL, A.CA, B10.RIII, B10.cas4 and NOD may be post-translationally modified. Allele LMP7q is found in strain DBA/1J.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. May participate in the inflammatory response pathway. Required for adipocyte differentiation (PubMed:21881205, PubMed:22341445, PubMed:8066463). May be involved in the generation of spliced peptides resulting from the ligation of two separate proteasomal cleavage products that are not contiguous in the parental protein (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated by interferon gamma (at protein level). Up-regulated by IRF1. Down-regulated in spleen by deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin that alters immune functions. Down-regulated by the selective inhibitor PR-957. Up-regulated by heat shock treatment. Down-regulated by EGR1 in neuronal cells.

10090:Olfr1507
gene id: 10090:Olfr1507
uniprot id: Q0VEP0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ebp
gene id: 10090:Ebp
uniprot id: P70245
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the EBP family.
messages: Binds to the phenylalkylamine calcium-ion antagonist emopamil, an anti-ischemic drug.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of Delta(8)-sterols to their corresponding Delta(7)-isomers.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Defects in Ebp are a cause of 'Tattered' (Td) which is an X-linked, semidominant mouse mutation associated with prenatal male lethality. Heterozygous females are small and at 4 to 5 days of age develop patches of hyperkeratotic skin where no hair grows, resulting in a striping of the coat in adults. Craniofacial anomalies and twisted toes have also been observed in some affected females.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Nucleus envelope

10090:Zdhhc21
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc21
uniprot id: G3UXC1
uniprot id: Q9D270
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in zdhhc21 are the cause of the depilated (dep) phenotype. It is a recessive phenotype characterized by variable hair loss, with thinner and shorter hairs remaining in a greasy coat which is due to a defect in the epidermis, rather than the dermis (PubMed:19956733). Depilated (dep) mutant mice are protected against endothelial dysfunction in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (PubMed:27653213). They are also tachycardic and hypotensive (PubMed:26715683).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: In the developing skin, expression is not be detected prior to hair follicle induction (13 dpc). Expression is initially detected in the inner root sheath (IRS) of developing vibrissae follicles at 16 dpc and later in the developing IRS of 18.5 dpc pelage follicles.
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoyltransferase that catalyzes the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates (PubMed:19956733, PubMed:26715683, PubMed:27653213). Palmitoylates sex steroid hormone receptors, including ESR1, PGR and AR, thereby regulating their targeting to the plasma membrane. This affects rapid intracellular signaling by sex hormones via ERK and AKT kinases and the generation of cAMP, but does not affect that mediated by their nuclear receptor (By similarity). Palmitoylates FYN, regulates its localization in hair follicles and plays a key role in epidermal homeostasis and hair follicle differentiation (PubMed:19956733). Through the palmitoylation of PLCB1 and the regulation of PLCB1 downstream signaling may indirectly regulate the function of the endothelial barrier and the adhesion of leukocytes to the endothelium (PubMed:27653213). Has also a palmitoyltransferase activity toward ADRA1D, positively regulating its activity and expression and may thereby play a role in vascular contraction (PubMed:26715683). May also palmitoylate eNOS and LCK (PubMed:19956733).
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.
messages: Widely expressed (PubMed:26715683). Expressed in Henle's layer within the hair bulb and the hair shaft cuticle (at protein level) (PubMed:19956733). Expression is limited to the post-mitotic lineages of inner root sheath (IRS) and cuticle (PubMed:19956733).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Myo1c
gene id: 10090:Myo1c
uniprot id: Q9WTI7
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Binds directly to large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) containing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). The PIP2-binding site corresponds to the myosin tail domain (PH-like) present in its tail domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with CABP1 and CIB1; the interaction with CABP1 and CIB1 is calcium-dependent (PubMed:17994197). Interacts (via tail domain) with PLEKHB1 (via PH domain); the interaction is not affected by the presence or absence of calcium and CALM (PubMed:15976448). Interacts with POLR1A (PubMed:16514417). Interacts with POLR2A (PubMed:11030652, PubMed:16960872). Component of the B-WICH complex, at least composed of SMARCA5/SNF2H, BAZ1B/WSTF, SF3B1, DEK, MYO1C, ERCC6, MYBBP1A and DDX21 (PubMed:16514417). Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with CALM; this precludes interaction with YWHAB (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB; this precludes interaction with CALM (By similarity). Interacts with RPS6 (By similarity). Interacts with actin (By similarity). Interacts with LLPH (PubMed:26961175). Interacts with GLUT4 (PubMed:22918957). Interacts (via its IQ motifs) with SH3BGRL3; the interaction is dependent on calcium and takes place at membrane ruffles (By similarity).
messages: Involved in regulation of transcription. Associated with transcriptional active ribosomal genes. Appears to cooperate with the WICH chromatin-remodeling complex to facilitate transcription. Necessary for the formation of the first phosphodiester bond during transcription initiation.
messages: Isoform 2 contains a N-acetylmethionine at position 1.
messages: Isoform 3 is expressed in small intestine, pancreas, brain, kidney, skin, heart muscle, testis, striated muscle, spleen, liver and lung (at protein level). Expressed in brain, testis, adrenal glands, thymus, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, cochlea and vestibule. Expressed in sensory hair cells of the inner ear. Expressed in adipocytes.
messages: May be due to a frameshift.
messages: Myosins are actin-based motor molecules with ATPase activity. Unconventional myosins serve in intracellular movements. Their highly divergent tails bind to membranous compartments, which then are moved relative to actin filaments. Involved in glucose transporter recycling in response to insulin by regulating movement of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles to the plasma membrane. Component of the hair cell's (the sensory cells of the inner ear) adaptation-motor complex. Acts as a mediator of adaptation of mechanoelectrical transduction in stereocilia of vestibular hair cells. Binds phosphoinositides and links the actin cytoskeleton to cellular membranes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).
messages: Up-regulated by serum.
messages: cell cortex
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: stereocilium membrane

10090:Stim1
gene id: 10090:Stim1
uniprot id: A0A1B0GR78
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRA5
uniprot id: P70302
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in maturation-stage ameloblasts (at protein level). Expressed in all tissues examined and in many cell types, including bone marrow stroma, fibroblast, B-cell precursors, lymphoma and erythroleukemia.
messages: Glycosylation is required for cell surface expression.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer in the presence of Ca(2+). It oligomerizes in absence of Ca(2+). Forms homooligomers and heterooligomers with STIM2. Interacts (via the transmembrane region and the SOAR/CAD domain) with SPPL3; the interaction promotes the binding of STIM1 to ORAI1. Interacts with ORAI1. Interacts with MAPRE1; probably required for targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends. Interacts with CRACR2A/EFCAB4B; the interaction is direct and takes place in absence of Ca(2+). Forms a complex with CRACR2A/EFCAB4B and ORAI1 at low concentration of Ca(2+), the complex dissociates at elevated Ca(2+) concentrations. Interacts with SARAF, promoting a slow inactivation of STIM1-dependent SOCE activity, possibly by facilitating the deoligomerization of STIM1 (By similarity). Interacts with EFHB; the interaction takes place upon Ca(2+)-store depletion and inhibits the association with SARAF (By similarity). Interacts with ASPH. Interacts with SLC35G1; intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent. May interact with ATP1A1, ATP2A2, ATP2B1, ATP2B4, KPNB1 and XPO1; through SLC35G1. Interacts with TMEM203. Interacts with STIMATE, promoting STIM1 conformational switch (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM178A (PubMed:26644563). Interacts with CASQ1 (via C-terminal end and preferentially with the monomeric form); this interaction increases in response to a depletion of intracellular Ca(2+), decreases both STIM1 aggregation and clustering, interaction of STIM1 with ORAI1 and store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) activity (By similarity). Interacts with ADCY8 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated predominantly on Ser residues.
messages: Plays a role in mediating store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Acts as Ca(2+) sensor in the endoplasmic reticulum via its EF-hand domain. Upon Ca(2+) depletion, translocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane where it activates the Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel subunit ORAI1. Involved in enamel formation. Activated following interaction with STIMATE, leading to promote STIM1 conformational switch.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
messages: The STIM1 Orai1-activating region/CRAC-activating domain (SOAR/CAD) mediates interaction with ORAI1 to activate the channel.
messages: The microtubule tip localization signal (MtLS) motif; mediates interaction with MAPRE1 and targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Olfr642
gene id: 10090:Olfr642
uniprot id: Q924X8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Yeats2
gene id: 10090:Yeats2
uniprot id: Q3TUF7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromatin reader component of the ATAC complex, a complex with histone acetyltransferase activity on histones H3 and H4. YEATS2 specifically recognizes and binds histone H3 crotonylated at 'Lys-27' (H3K27cr). Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors.
messages: Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, SGF29 and DR1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The YEATS domain specifically recognizes and binds crotonylated histones.
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it is derived from pre-RNA.

10090:Adam24
gene id: 10090:Adam24
uniprot id: Q8CDV3
uniprot id: Q9R160
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adult levels are reached by day 20 after birth.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed exclusively in testis and more specifically on the surface of mature sperm. Localized to the equatorial region of the plasma membrane of cauda epididymal sperm.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: Plasma membrane protease present on mature sperm that may be involved in sperm function during epididymal maturation and/or fertilization.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The prodomain is removed during sperm passage through the caput epididymis after the protein has reached the cell surface. Not processed in the secretory pathway.

10090:Whamm
gene id: 10090:Whamm
uniprot id: Q571B6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Aberrant splicing.
messages: Acts as a nucleation-promoting factor (NPF) that stimulates Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization both at the Golgi apparatus and along tubular membranes. Involved as a regulator of Golgi positioning and morphology. Its activity in membrane tubulation requires F-actin and interaction with microtubules. Proposed to use coordinated actin-nucleating and microtubule-binding activities of distinct WHAMM molecules to drive membrane tubule elongation; when MT-bound can recruit and remodel membrane vesicles but is prevented to activate the Arp2/3 complex. Required for RhoD-dependent actin reorganization such as in cell adhesion and cell migration (By similarity). Participates in vesicle transport between the reticulum endoplasmic and the Golgi complex.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment
messages: Interacts with ACTR3; indicative for an association with the ARP2/3 complex. Associates with microtubules; in vitro binds to tubulin heterodimer in a 1:1 stoichiometry; decorates microtubules with a repeat of 80 A along protofilaments. Interacts with RHOD (in GTP-bound form).
messages: The N-terminal region associates with membranes, the coiled-coil region binds to microtubules and the WH2 domains promotes actin nucleation.
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Olfr170
gene id: 10090:Olfr170
uniprot id: Q8VGL6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Plxnb1
gene id: 10090:Plxnb1
uniprot id: B2RWT9
uniprot id: Q8CJH3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, stomach, testis, uterus and placenta (PubMed:12559962). Expressed in neurons and glia in the developing hippocampus (PubMed:29981480).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer, and heterodimer with PLXNB2 after proteolytic processing (By similarity). Binds RAC1 that has been activated by GTP binding (By similarity). Interaction with SEMA4D promotes binding of cytoplasmic ligands (By similarity). Interacts with RRAS, ARHGEF11, ARHGEF12, ERBB2, MET, MST1R, RND1, RHOD, NRP1 and NRP2 (By similarity). Interacts with PLXNA1 (PubMed:12559962).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by ERBB2 and MET upon SEMA4D binding.
messages: Proteolytic processing favors heterodimerization with PLXNB2 and SEMA4D binding.
messages: Receptor for SEMA4D (PubMed:19788569). Plays a role in GABAergic synapse development (PubMed:23699507, PubMed:29981480). Mediates SEMA4A- and SEMA4D-dependent inhibitory synapse development (PubMed:23699507, PubMed:29981480). Plays a role in RHOA activation and subsequent changes of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). Plays a role in axon guidance, invasive growth and cell migration (By similarity).

10090:Lrrc18
gene id: 10090:Lrrc18
uniprot id: Q9CQ07
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exclusively expressed in spermatocytes and roud spermatids within seminiferous tubules during spermatogenesis.
messages: May be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis and sperm maturation.
messages: Up-regulated during sexual maturation and dowm-regulated by experimental cryptorchidism and heat stress.

10090:Brms1
gene id: 10090:Brms1
uniprot id: Q547N0
uniprot id: Q99N20
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BRMS1 family.
messages: Contains an N-terminal anti-parallel coiled coil formed by two BRMS1 chains; this region can form homohexamers.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homohexamer (Potential). Interacts with SNX6, HDAC1 and RELA. Interacts with ARID4A. Identified in mSin3A corepressor complexes together with SIN3A, SIN3B, RBBP4, RBBP7, SAP30, SUDS3, ARID4A, HDAC1 and HDAC2. Interacts with SPOP; this recruits the protein to a ubiquitin ligase complex containing SPOP and CUL3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor. Down-regulates transcription activation by NF-kappa-B by promoting the deacetylation of RELA at 'Lys-310'. Promotes HDAC1 binding to promoter regions. Down-regulates expression of anti-apoptotic genes that are controlled by NF-kappa-B. Promotes apoptosis in cells that have inadequate adherence to a substrate, a process called anoikis, and may thereby inhibit metastasis (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by a cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing SPOP, leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Cdca7l
gene id: 10090:Cdca7l
uniprot id: Q922M5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in all tissues but not detected in total brain.
messages: Interacts with MYC (By similarity). Interacts (via IBM motifs) with PSIP1 (via IBD domain); phosphorylation increases its affinity for PSIP1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation increases its interaction with PSIP1.
messages: Plays a role in transcriptional regulation as a repressor that inhibits monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) activity and gene expression by binding to the promoter. Plays an important oncogenic role in mediating the full transforming effect of MYC in medulloblastoma cells (By similarity). Involved in apoptotic signaling pathways; May act downstream of P38-kinase and BCL-2, but upstream of CASP3/caspase-3 as well as CCND1/cyclin D1 and E2F1.

10090:Amy2a2
gene id: 10090:Amy2a2
uniprot id: P00688
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 13 family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 1 Cl(-) ion per subunit.
messages: Monomer.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Pex10
gene id: 10090:Pex10
uniprot id: B1AUE5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pex2/pex10/pex12 family.
messages: Component of the PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 retrotranslocation channel, composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12. Interacts with PEX19.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component of a retrotranslocation channel required for peroxisome organization by mediating export of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomes to the cytosol, thereby promoting PEX5 recycling (By similarity). The retrotranslocation channel is composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12; each subunit contributing transmembrane segments that coassemble into an open channel that specifically allows the passage of PEX5 through the peroxisomal membrane (By similarity). PEX10 also regulates PEX5 recycling by acting as a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). When PEX5 recycling is compromised, PEX10 catalyzes polyubiquitination of PEX5 during its passage through the retrotranslocation channel, leading to its degradation (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: The E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is stimulated by PEX12.
messages: The three subunits of the retrotranslocation channel (PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12) coassemble in the membrane into a channel with an open 10 Angstrom pore. The RING-type zinc-fingers that catalyze PEX5 receptor ubiquitination are positioned above the pore on the cytosolic side of the complex.

10090:H2al1j
gene id: 10090:H2al1j
uniprot id: A2BFR3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Deptor
gene id: 10090:Deptor
uniprot id: Q570Y9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: At postnatal day 1 (P1), in cartilage growth plate, primarily expressed in resting and proliferating chondrocytes. This expression pattern is maintained at least until P21 (at protein level).
messages: Negative regulator of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling pathways. Inhibits the kinase activity of both complexes (By similarity).
messages: Part of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) which contains MTOR, MLST8, RPTOR, AKT1S1/PRAS40 and DEPTOR. Part of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) which contains MTOR, MLST8, PROTOR1, RICTOR, MAPKAP1 and DEPTOR. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with MTOR; interacts with MTOR within both mammalian target of rapamycin complexes mTORC1 and mTORC2 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with MINAR1 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with SIK3 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation weakens interaction with MTOR within mTORC1 and mTORC2.
messages: Ubiquitinated; ubiquitination leads to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Mrpl22
gene id: 10090:Mrpl22
uniprot id: Q8BU88
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL22 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit (39S) which comprises a 16S rRNA and about 50 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Fibin
gene id: 10090:Fibin
uniprot id: Q9CQS3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc, abundantly expressed in the forelimb buds.
messages: Belongs to the FIBIN family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Seems to also exist as monomers (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Skint9
gene id: 10090:Skint9
uniprot id: A7TZG3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SKINT family.
messages: Encoded by one of the 11 copies of Skint genes clustered in the D1 region of the chromosome 4.
messages: Expressed in skin, thymus and testis.
messages: May act by engaging a cell surface molecule on immature T-cells in the embryonic thymus.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr765
gene id: 10090:Olfr765
uniprot id: Q7TRI6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vps29
gene id: 10090:Vps29
uniprot id: Q9QZ88
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as component of the retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC). The CSC is believed to be the core functional component of retromer or respective retromer complex variants acting to prevent missorting of selected transmembrane cargo proteins into the lysosomal degradation pathway. The recruitment of the CSC to the endosomal membrane involves RAB7A and SNX3. The SNX-BAR retromer mediates retrograde transport of cargo proteins from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and is involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane transport for cargo protein recycling. The SNX3-retromer mediates the retrograde endosome-to-TGN transport of WLS distinct from the SNX-BAR retromer pathway. The SNX27-retromer is believed to be involved in endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking and recycling of a broad spectrum of cargo proteins. The CSC seems to act as recruitment hub for other proteins, such as the WASH complex and TBC1D5. Required to regulate transcytosis of the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR-pIgA) (By similarity). Acts also as component of the retriever complex. The retriever complex is a heterotrimeric complex related to retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC) and essential for retromer-independent retrieval and recycling of numerous cargos such as integrin alpha-5/beta-1 (ITGA5:ITGB1). In the endosomes, retriever complex drives the retrieval and recycling of NxxY-motif-containing cargo proteins by coupling to SNX17, a cargo essential for the homeostatic maintenance of numerous cell surface proteins associated with processes that include cell migration, cell adhesion, nutrient supply and cell signaling. The recruitment of the retriever complex to the endosomal membrane involves CCC and WASH complexes. Involved in GLUT1 endosome-to-plasma membrane trafficking; the function is dependent of association with ANKRD27 (By similarity). Has no activity towards p-nitrophenylphosphate, p-nitrophenylphosphorylcholine or phosphatidylinositlphosphates or a phosphorylated peptide der…
messages: Belongs to the VPS29 family.
messages: Component of the heterotrimeric retromer cargo-selective complex (CSC), also described as vacuolar protein sorting subcomplex (VPS) formed by VPS26 (VPS26A or VPS26B), VPS29 and VPS35 (PubMed:21040701, PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005). The CSC has a highly elongated structure with VPS26 and VPS29 binding independently at opposite distal ends of VPS35 as central platform (By similarity). The CSC is believed to associate with variable sorting nexins to form functionally distinct retromer complex variants. The originally described retromer complex (also called SNX-BAR retromer) is a pentamer containing the CSC and a heterodimeric membrane-deforming subcomplex formed between SNX1 or SNX2 and SNX5 or SNX6 (also called SNX-BAR subcomplex); the respective CSC and SNX-BAR subcomplexes associate with low affinity. The CSC associates with SNX3 to form a SNX3-retromer complex. The CSC associates with SNX27, the WASH complex and the SNX-BAR subcomplex to form the SNX27-retromer complex (By similarity). Component of the heterotrimeric retriever complex formed by VPS26C, VPS29 and VPS35L (By similarity). Interacts with VPS35L (By similarity). Interacts with VPS26A, VPS26B, VPS35, ANKRD27 (PubMed:20875039, PubMed:21920005, PubMed:24856514). Interacts with SNX1, SNX2, SNX27, WASHC5 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Was originally believed to be a metal-dependent phosphatase but shown to lack catalytic activity; can bind metals (Zn(2+) and Mn(2+)) with very low affinity suggesting that metal binding is not required for its function.

10090:Amer1
gene id: 10090:Amer1
uniprot id: Q7TS75
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Amer family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in kidney.
messages: In embryos, it is highly expressed in the neonatal brain and kidney and then declines substantially in the mature organs. Also expressed in lung and spleen. Expressed in the condensing metanephric mesenchyme and in early epithelial structures that are precursors to glomeruli.
messages: Interacts with CTNNB1, AXIN1, LRP6, KEAP1, APC and BTRC. Interacts with SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes containing BTRC and/or FBXW11. Identified in the beta-catenin destruction complex containing CTNNB1, APC, AXIN1 and AXIN2. Interacts with WT1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Acts by specifically binding phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2), translocating to the cell membrane and interacting with key regulators of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, such as components of the beta-catenin destruction complex. Acts both as a positive and negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, depending on the context: acts as a positive regulator by promoting LRP6 phosphorylation. Also acts as a negative regulator by acting as a scaffold protein for the beta-catenin destruction complex and promoting stabilization of Axin at the cell membrane. Promotes CTNNB1 ubiquitination and degradation. Involved in kidney development (By similarity).

10090:Pcnp
gene id: 10090:Pcnp
uniprot id: Q3KQH9
uniprot id: Q3UCC5
uniprot id: Q6P8I4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with UHRF2/NIRF.
messages: May be involved in cell cycle regulation.
messages: N-terminally acetylated in a HYPK-dependent manner by the NatA acetyltransferase complex which is composed of NAA10 and NAA15.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated; mediated by UHRF2 and leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation.

10090:Commd7
gene id: 10090:Commd7
uniprot id: Q8BG94
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts (via COMM domain) with COMMD1 (via COMM domain). Interacts with RELA. Interacts with CCDC22, CCDC93, SCNN1B, CUL7.
messages: May modulate activity of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complexes. Associates with the NF-kappa-B complex and suppresses its transcriptional activity.

10090:Adamts2
gene id: 10090:Adamts2
uniprot id: Q8C9W3
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cleaves the propeptides of type I and II collagen prior to fibril assembly (By similarity). Does not act on type III collagen (By similarity). Cleaves lysyl oxidase LOX at a site downstream of its propeptide cleavage site to produce a short LOX form with reduced collagen-binding activity (By similarity).
messages: Glycosylated. Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: May belong to a multimeric complex. Binds specifically to collagen type XIV (By similarity).
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: The spacer domain and the TSP type-1 domains are important for a tight interaction with the extracellular matrix.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:ND6
gene id: 10090:ND6
uniprot id: P03925
uniprot id: Q7JCY4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the complex I subunit 6 family.
messages: Core subunit of respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor (PubMed:9707444). Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I (PubMed:9707444).
messages: Core subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I) which catalyzes electron transfer from NADH through the respiratory chain, using ubiquinone as an electron acceptor. Essential for the catalytic activity and assembly of complex I.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Vmn1r93
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r93
uniprot id: K7N6B8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Klf14
gene id: 10090:Klf14
uniprot id: Q19A41
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cep19
gene id: 10090:Cep19
uniprot id: Q9CQA8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CEP19 family.
messages: Interacts with CEP43; this interaction is required for its localization to the mother centriole. Interacts (via residues 121-150) with RABL2B. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CEP350; this interaction is required for its localization to the mother centriole.
messages: Required for ciliation. Recruits the RABL2B GTPase to the ciliary base to initiate ciliation. After specifically capturing the activated GTP-bound RABL2B, the CEP19-RABL2B complex binds intraflagellar transport (IFT) complex B from the large pool pre-docked at the base of the cilium and thus triggers its entry into the cilia. Involved in the early steps in cilia formation by recruiting the ciliary vesicles (CVs) to the distal end of the mother centriole where they fuse to initiate cilium assembly. Involved in microtubule (MT) anchoring at centrosomes.
messages: Severe obesity, hyperphagia, decreased energy expenditure, impaired whole-body fat oxidation, altered hepatic insulin signaling, and impaired glucose and insulin tolerance. Spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubules show marked degeneration.
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: spindle pole

10090:Timm23
gene id: 10090:Timm23
uniprot id: Q9CXU4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Tim17/Tim22/Tim23 family.
messages: Component of the TIM23 complex at least composed of TIMM23, TIMM17 (TIMM17A or TIMM17B) and TIMM50.
messages: Essential component of the TIM23 complex, a complex that mediates the translocation of transit peptide-containing proteins across the mitochondrial inner membrane.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ppil4
gene id: 10090:Ppil4
uniprot id: Q9CXG3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL4 subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides (By similarity).

10090:Fbxo31
gene id: 10090:Fbxo31
uniprot id: Q3TQF0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FBXO31 family.
messages: Component of some SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex that plays a central role in G1 arrest following DNA damage. Specifically recognizes phosphorylated cyclin-D1 (CCND1), promoting its ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome, resulting in G1 arrest (By similarity).
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex.
messages: Phosphorylation by ATM following gamma-irradiation results in its stabilization.

10090:Zfp174
gene id: 10090:Zfp174
uniprot id: B9EJW5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dsg3
gene id: 10090:Dsg3
uniprot id: O35902
uniprot id: Q3UFC6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Expressed in embryo at 7 to 17 dpc.
messages: Expressed in epidermis.
messages: Interacts with PKP2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Padi3
gene id: 10090:Padi3
uniprot id: Q5DTJ8
uniprot id: Q9Z184
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein arginine deiminase family.
messages: Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Epidermis and hair follicles.
messages: No visible phenotype. The skin of 7-week-old null mice appeared normal, but scanning electron microscopy revealed structural alterations in the whiskers and hair coat morphology (PubMed:27866708).

10090:Wdr59
gene id: 10090:Wdr59
uniprot id: Q8C0M0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As a component of the GATOR subcomplex GATOR2, functions within the amino acid-sensing branch of the TORC1 signaling pathway. Indirectly activates mTORC1 and the TORC1 signaling pathway through the inhibition of the GATOR1 subcomplex. It is negatively regulated by the upstream amino acid sensors SESN2 and CASTOR1.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR59 family.
messages: Interacts with DDB1-CUL4A/B E3 ligase complexes (By similarity). Within the GATOR complex, component of the GATOR2 subcomplex, made of MIOS, SEC13, SEH1L, WDR24 and WDR59. The GATOR complex strongly interacts with RRAGA/RRAGC and RRAGB/RRAGC heterodimers (By similarity). The GATOR2 complex interacts with CASTOR2 and CASTOR1; the interaction is negatively regulated by arginine. The GATOR2 complex interacts with SESN1, SESN2 and SESN3; the interaction is negatively regulated by amino acids (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Olfr1431
gene id: 10090:Olfr1431
uniprot id: Q8VF59
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rplp2
gene id: 10090:Rplp2
uniprot id: P99027
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein P1/P2 family.
messages: Heterodimer with RPLP1 at the lateral ribosomal stalk of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Plays an important role in the elongation step of protein synthesis.

10090:Sall3
gene id: 10090:Sall3
uniprot id: Q62255
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sal C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: During embryogenesis detected from 7 dpc onward in tissues derived from mesoderm and ectoderm.
messages: In adult brain, testis and kidney. In lower levels also in adult ovaries and embryonic stem cells. In embryo in developing neuroectoderm of brain, inner ear and spinal chord. Also weakly and transiently expressed in embryonic branchial arches, notochord, limb buds and heart.
messages: Lacks two zinc finger domains (6 and 7) and is the major isoform.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcription factor.

10090:Prkd3
gene id: 10090:Prkd3
uniprot id: D3Z6I0
uniprot id: Q5FWX6
uniprot id: Q8K1Y2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by DAG and phorbol esters.
messages: Activated by DAG and phorbol esters. Phorbol-ester/DAG-type domains 1 and 2 bind both DAG and phorbol ester with high affinity and mediate translocation to the cell membrane. Autophosphorylation of Ser-734 and phosphorylation of Ser-730 by PKC relieves auto-inhibition by the PH domain.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKD subfamily.
messages: Converts transient diacylglycerol (DAG) signals into prolonged physiological effects, downstream of PKC. Involved in resistance to oxidative stress (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Membrane

10090:Ccdc84
gene id: 10090:Ccdc84
uniprot id: Q4VA36
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated. Acetylation oscillates throughout the cell cycle, and the acetylation state at Lys-31 is regulated by the deacetylase SIRT1 and the acetyltransferase NAT10. Deacetylated CENATAC is responsible for its centrosome targeting, and acetylated CENATAC promotes SASS6 degradation by enhancing the binding affinity of SASS6 for APC/C E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex/FZR1.
messages: Interacts with SASS6; the interaction increases with CENATAC acetylation.
messages: Negative regulator of centrosome duplication. Constrains centriole number by modulating the degradation of the centrosome-duplication-associated protein SASS6 in an acetylation-dependent manner. SIRT1 deacetylates CENATAC in G1 phase, allowing for SASS6 accumulation on the centrosome and subsequent procentriole assembly. The CENATAC acetylation level is restored in mitosis by NAT10, promoting SASS6 proteasome degradation by facilitating SASS6 binding to APC/C E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex/FZR1.

10090:Nacc2
gene id: 10090:Nacc2
uniprot id: Q9DCM7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Functions as a transcriptional repressor through its association with the NuRD complex. Recruits the NuRD complex to the promoter of MDM2, leading to the repression of MDM2 transcription and subsequent stability of p53/TP53 (By similarity).
messages: Homooligomer; mediated by the BTB domain. Interacts with the NuRD complex. Interacts (via C-terminal part) with HDAC2. Interacts (via BTB domain) with MTA1, MTA2 and MTA3.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Defb15
gene id: 10090:Defb15
uniprot id: Q8R2I5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed in testis and to a lesser extent in epididymis (caput, corpus and cauda). Also weakly expressed in kidneys and colon.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gm44504
gene id: 10090:Gm44504
uniprot id: P21126
uniprot id: Q3UK94
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of a cytosolic protein quality control complex, the BAG6/BAT3 complex, maintains misfolded and hydrophobic patches-containing proteins in a soluble state and participates in their proper delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum or alternatively can promote their sorting to the proteasome where they undergo degradation. The BAG6/BAT3 complex is involved in the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored/type II transmembrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Recruited to ribosomes, it interacts with the transmembrane region of newly synthesized tail-anchored proteins and together with SGTA and ASNA1 mediates their delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum. Client proteins that cannot be properly delivered to the endoplasmic reticulum are ubiquitinated and sorted to the proteasome. Similarly, the BAG6/BAT3 complex also functions as a sorting platform for proteins of the secretory pathway that are mislocalized to the cytosol either delivering them to the proteasome for degradation or to the endoplasmic reticulum. The BAG6/BAT3 complex also plays a role in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), a quality control mechanism that eliminates unwanted proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum through their retrotranslocation to the cytosol and their targeting to the proteasome. It maintains these retrotranslocated proteins in an unfolded yet soluble state condition in the cytosol to ensure their proper delivery to the proteasome.
messages: Component of the BAG6/BAT3 complex, at least composed of BAG6, UBL4A and GET4/TRC35. Interacts with BAG6; the interaction is direct and required for UBL4A protein stability. Interacts with USP13; may be indirect via BAG6.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Ubiquitination by AMFR and deubiquitination by USP13 may regulate the interaction between the BAG6/BAT3 complex and SGTA and therefore may regulate client proteins fate.
messages: cytosol

10090:Sptan1
gene id: 10090:Sptan1
uniprot id: A3KGU5
uniprot id: A3KGU7
uniprot id: A3KGU9
uniprot id: B2RXX6
uniprot id: B7ZWK3
uniprot id: B9EKJ1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the spectrin family.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ube2k
gene id: 10090:Ube2k
uniprot id: A0A0J9YU07
uniprot id: P61087
uniprot id: Q6ZWQ6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In vitro, in the presence or in the absence of BRCA1-BARD1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, catalyzes the synthesis of 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Does not transfer ubiquitin directly to but elongates monoubiquitinated substrate protein. Mediates the selective degradation of short-lived and abnormal proteins, such as the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded lumenal proteins. Ubiquitinates huntingtin. May mediate foam cell formation by the suppression of apoptosis of lipid-bearing macrophages through ubiquitination and subsequence degradation of p53/TP53. Proposed to be involved in ubiquitination and proteolytic processing of NF-kappa-B; in vitro supports ubiquitination of NFKB1. Involved in stabilization of CASP12 during ER stress-mediated amyloid-beta neurotoxicity probably by inhibiting proteasome activity; in vitro ubiquitinates CASP12.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at all stages of brain development and increases significantly between postnatal days 7 and 14.
messages: Expressed in the brain, with highest levels found in the mitral cells of the olfactory bulb, the pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus and the Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex.
messages: Interacts with RNF138/NARF. Interacts with BRCA1.
messages: Neurons are resistant to amyloid-beta neurotoxicity. Significantly lower CASP12 expression in brain.
messages: Sumoylation at Lys-14 impairs catalytic activity.

10090:Mgat2
gene id: 10090:Mgat2
uniprot id: Q921V5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 16 (GT16) protein family.
messages: Decreased embryonic survival between 9 and 15 dpc. Surviving embryos are about 20% smaller than their littermates by 15 dpc. Most of the newborn pups die during the first week after birth, and none live longer than 4 weeks. Pups are about half the size of their littermates 8 days after birth, have dismorphic facial features and severe locomotor deficits. Pups display impaired muscle development and defects in bone development including a hunched spinal column, plus poorly calcified and brittle bones in vertebrae, ribs, femur and skull. Mutant mice have also mild anemia and impaired mucus production in the gastrointestinal system. Outcrossing increases the length of the lifespan, but does not increase the number of pups that survive after the fist week. Surviving males display testicular atrophy and are infertile. About one third of the surviving females produce offspring, but do not nurture their pups.
messages: Detected in liver, lung, testis, kidney, brain, spleen, thymus, uterus and intestine.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Plays an essential role in protein N-glycosylation. Catalyzes the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) onto the free terminal mannose moiety in the core structure of the nascent N-linked glycan chain, giving rise to the second branch in complex glycans.

10090:Apobec2
gene id: 10090:Apobec2
uniprot id: Q9WV35
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Zn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Expressed exclusively in heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Probable C to U editing enzyme whose physiological substrate is not yet known. Does not display detectable apoB mRNA editing. Has a low intrinsic cytidine deaminase activity. May play a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through the process of active DNA demethylation.

10090:Cyp2a4
gene id: 10090:Cyp2a4
uniprot id: P15392
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of testosterone. Also active in the 15-alpha-hydroxylation of progesterone and androstenedione. Little or no activity on corticosterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol or estriol.
messages: Kidney and lung. Expressed in liver, with a strong circadian rhythmicity. Circadian expression is regulated by DBP.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: There are only 11 differences between the sequence of testosterone 15-alpha-hydroxylase and that of coumarin 7-hydroxylase. By site-directed mutagenesis it has been shown that modification of position 209 is sufficient to convert the specificity of the two forms of the enzyme.

10090:Apoo
gene id: 10090:Apoo
uniprot id: Q9DCZ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein O/MICOS complex subunit Mic27 family.
messages: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Plays a crucial role in crista junction formation and mitochondrial function (By similarity). Can induce cardiac lipotoxicity by enhancing mitochondrial respiration and fatty acid metabolism in cardiac myoblasts (PubMed:24743151). Promotes cholesterol efflux from macrophage cells. Detected in HDL, LDL and VLDL. Secreted by a microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP)-dependent mechanism, probably as a VLDL-associated protein that is subsequently transferred to HDL (By similarity).
messages: Component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and MICOS13/MIC13. This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1 and MTX2 (together described as components of the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex) and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9. The MICOS and SAM complexes together with DNAJC11 are part of a large protein complex spanning both membranes termed the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex. Interacts with IMMT/MIC60. Interacts with MICOS10/MIC10 and APOOL/MIC27.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Helz2
gene id: 10090:Helz2
uniprot id: E9QAM5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA2/NAM7 helicase family.
messages: Contains 5 Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs. These motifs are not required for interaction with PPARG (By similarity).
messages: Helicase that acts as a transcriptional coactivator for a number of nuclear receptors including PPARA, PPARG, THRA, THRB and RXRA.
messages: In 3T3-L1 cell line, highly expressed before differentiation with a slight decreased after the induction of adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Interacts with PPARA (via DNA-binding domain) and PPARG; the interaction stimulates the transcriptional activity of PPARA and PPARG. Interacts with THRAP3; the interaction is direct and HELZ2 and THRAP3 synergistically enhance the transcriptional activity of PPARG. It is probably part of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha interacting complex (PRIC).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ppfia1
gene id: 10090:Ppfia1
uniprot id: B2RXQ2
uniprot id: B2RXW8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the liprin family. Liprin-alpha subfamily.

10090:Trip4
gene id: 10090:Trip4
uniprot id: Q9QXN3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in 17.5-day-old embryos.
messages: Interacts with the thyroid hormone receptor/TR (via the ligand-binding domain); this interaction requires the presence of thyroid hormone (By similarity). Interacts with the androgen receptor/AR; in an androgen, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with ESR1 (estrogen ligand-bound); competes with UFSP2 (By similarity). Interacts with UFSP2; competes with ligand-bound ESR1 (By similarity). Interacts with DDRGK1 and UFL1; the interaction with DDRGK1 is direct (By similarity). Interacts with NCOA1 (By similarity). Interacts with EP300 (By similarity). Part of the ASC-1 complex, that contains TRIP4, ASCC1, ASCC2 and ASCC3 (PubMed:12077347). Identified in the RQT (ribosome quality control trigger) complex, that contains ASCC2, ASCC3 and TRIP4 (By similarity). Interacts with ASCC2 (By similarity). Interacts with ASCC3 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6 (By similarity). Interacts with CSRP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZCCHC4 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by NEK6.
messages: Polyufmylated by the UFM1-conjugating system composed of the enzymes UBA5, UFC1 and UFL1. Deufmylated by the protease UFSP2. Ufmylation of TRIP4 is promoted by ligand-bound nuclear receptors that compete with UFSP2 for interaction with TRIP4. Nuclear receptors-induced ufmylation promotes the recruitment of additional transcriptional coactivators like EP300 and NCOA1 and therefore the assembly of a coactivator complex facilitating nuclear receptor-mediated transcription.
messages: The C4-type zinc finger mediates a competitive interaction with UFSP2 and ligand-bound nuclear receptors. It also mediates interaction with the transcriptional coactivators and the basal transcription machinery.
messages: Transcription coactivator which associates with nuclear receptors, transcriptional coactivators including EP300, CREBBP and NCOA1, and basal transcription factors like TBP and TFIIA to facilitate nuclear receptors-mediated transcription. May thereby play an important role in establishing distinct coactivator complexes under different cellular conditions. Plays a role in thyroid hormone receptor and estrogen receptor transactivation (By similarity). Also involved in androgen receptor transactivation (PubMed:12077347). Plays a pivotal role in the transactivation of NF-kappa-B, SRF and AP1. Acts as a mediator of transrepression between nuclear receptor and either AP1 or NF-kappa-B. May play a role in the development of neuromuscular junction (By similarity). May play a role in late myogenic differentiation (PubMed:27008887). Also functions as part of the RQC trigger (RQT) complex that activates the ribosome quality control (RQC) pathway, a pathway that degrades nascent peptide chains during problematic translation (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (PubMed:12390891). Expressed in the spinal cord, brain, paraspinal ganglia, thyroid, and submandibular glands (PubMed:26924529). Expressed at low level in all the muscles (at protein level) but with higher expression in axial than in limb muscles (PubMed:27008887).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr1440
gene id: 10090:Olfr1440
uniprot id: Q8VFV4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Localized in the dorsomedial and ventral region of the olfactory bulb.
messages: Odorant receptor involved in the detection of muscone.

10090:Myrfl
gene id: 10090:Myrfl
uniprot id: Q3UN70
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MRF family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Il1rl2
gene id: 10090:Il1rl2
uniprot id: Q149G7
uniprot id: Q9ERS7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family.
messages: Complete protection from imiquimodum (IMQ)-induced skin pathology observed in wild-type mice, including hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, neutrophil recruitment, and expansion of IL-17-producing T-cells.
messages: Expressed in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, splenic CD4(+) T-cells, bone marrow-derived macrophages and bone marrow-derived neutrophils.
messages: Interacts with IL1RAP; the association is enhanced by IL36B indicative for an functional signaling complex and inhibited by IL36RN.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for interleukin-36 (IL36A, IL36B and IL36G). After binding to interleukin-36 associates with the coreceptor IL1RAP to form the interleukin-36 receptor complex which mediates interleukin-36-dependent activation of NF-kappa-B, MAPK and other pathways. The IL-36 signaling system is thought to be present in epithelial barriers and to take part in local inflammatory response; it is similar to the IL-1 system. Seems to be involved in skin inflammatory response by induction of the IL-23/IL-17/IL-22 pathway.
messages: The TIR domain mediates NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity. Self-association of TIR domains is required for NADase activity.

10090:Aldh3a2
gene id: 10090:Aldh3a2
uniprot id: B1AV77
uniprot id: P47740
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of medium and long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to fatty acids. Active on a variety of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes between 6 and 24 carbons in length (PubMed:25286108). Responsible for conversion of the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) degradation product hexadecenal to hexadecenoic acid (PubMed:25286108).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Etfb
gene id: 10090:Etfb
uniprot id: Q9DCW4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ETF beta-subunit/FixA family.
messages: Heterodimer composed of ETFA and ETFB. Identified in a complex that contains ETFA, ETFB and ETFRF1. Interacts with ACADM.
messages: Heterodimeric electron transfer flavoprotein that accepts electrons from several mitochondrial dehydrogenases, including acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, glutaryl-CoA and sarcosine dehydrogenase. It transfers the electrons to the main mitochondrial respiratory chain via ETF-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (By similarity). Required for normal mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and normal amino acid metabolism (PubMed:25023281). ETFB binds an AMP molecule that probably has a purely structural role (By similarity).
messages: Methylated (PubMed:25023281). Trimethylation at Lys-200 and Lys-203 may negatively regulate the activity in electron transfer from acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: The recognition loop recognizes a hydrophobic patch at the surface of interacting dehydrogenases and acts as a static anchor at the interface.

10090:Il15
gene id: 10090:Il15
uniprot id: P48346
uniprot id: Q1AHQ6
uniprot id: Q1AHQ7
uniprot id: Q3U1Z6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family.
messages: By type I interferons, double-stranded RNA, or lipopolysaccharides.
messages: Cytokine that plays a major role in the development of inflammatory and protective immune responses to microbial invaders and parasites by modulating immune cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems (PubMed:8757333, PubMed:11466332). Stimulates the proliferation and activation of natural killer cells, T-cells and B-cells and promotes the secretion of several cytokines (PubMed:8757333). In monocytes, induces the production of IL8 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1/CCL2, two chemokines that attract neutrophils and monocytes respectively to sites of infection (By similarity). Unlike most cytokines, which are secreted in soluble form, IL15 is expressed in association with its high affinity IL15RA on the surface of IL15-producing cells and delivers signals to target cells that express IL2RB and IL2RG receptor subunits. Binding to its receptor triggers the phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3 and the recruitment and subsequent phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3/STAT3 and STAT5. In mast cells, induces the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT6 and thereby controls mast cell survival and release of cytokines such as IL4 (PubMed:10882748, PubMed:19632221).
messages: Secreted

10090:Ndfip2
gene id: 10090:Ndfip2
uniprot id: M0QWK1
uniprot id: Q3V1V0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mrps6
gene id: 10090:Mrps6
uniprot id: P58064
uniprot id: Q3TLQ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS6 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Flrt3
gene id: 10090:Flrt3
uniprot id: Q8BGT1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in adult brain (PubMed:21350012). Detected in embryonic rostral thalamus neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:24560577). Detected in embryonic rostral thalamus neurons (PubMed:24560577). Detected in neonate eye, in the inner plexiform layer and the outer nuclear layer (PubMed:25374360).
messages: Detected in embryonic brain at 13 dpc. Levels in brain decrease gradually after 15 dpc, but expression continues after birth (PubMed:21673655). Detected in embryonic myocardium, body wall and pro-epicardial organ at 9.5 dpc. Detected throughout the myocardium at 10.5 dpc, but levels in the epicardial cell layer are strongly decreased. Almost exclusively detected in the neural tube at 14.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:21350012). Detected in the chorion and visceral endoderm between 6 and 8 dpc (PubMed:19056886). Detected in the visceral endoderm at 7 dpc, with a gradient from high expression in the anterior part to low expression at the posterior part (PubMed:19056886). At 8 dpc, detected in definitve endoderm, parts of the neuroectoderm, the headfold and posterior mesoderm (PubMed:19056886). Detected in the developing brain, the proepicardial organ and in somites at 8.5 dpc (PubMed:16872596, PubMed:18448090). At 9.5 and 10.5 dpc, detected in telencephalic vesicles, at the midbrain boundaries with forebrain and hindbrain, the hypothalamic region, in the apical ectodermal ridge, pharyngeal arches, the developing eye, the epithelial structures surrounding the lower region of the developing heart, limb buds and somites (PubMed:16872596, PubMed:18448090). At 10.5 dpc, detected at interlimb somites with loss of expression at limb somites and anterior trunk somites. At 11 dpc, detected in mesoderm in head and branchial arches, migrating germ cells and limbs (PubMed:16872596).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Functions in cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and axon guidance, exerting an attractive or repulsive role depending on its interaction partners (PubMed:19056886, PubMed:25374360). Plays a role in the spatial organization of brain neurons (PubMed:25374360). Plays a role in vascular development in the retina (PubMed:25374360). Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with ADGRL3 and probably also other latrophilins that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25374360). Interaction with the intracellular domain of ROBO1 mediates axon attraction towards cells expressing NTN1 (PubMed:24560577). Mediates axon growth cone collapse and plays a repulsive role in neuron guidance via its interaction with UNC5B, and possibly also other UNC-5 family members (PubMed:21673655, PubMed:25374360). Promotes neurite outgrowth (in vitro) (By similarity). Mediates cell-cell contacts that promote an increase both in neurite number and in neurite length (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of the density of glutamaergic synapses (PubMed:22405201). Plays a role in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signaling cascades (PubMed:16872596). Required for normal morphogenesis during embryonic development, but not for normal embryonic patterning (PubMed:19056886). Required for normal ventral closure, headfold fusion and definitive endoderm migration during embryonic development (PubMed:18448090). Required for the formation of a normal basement membrane and the maintenance of a normal anterior visceral endoderm during embryonic development (PubMed:19056886).
messages: Heterozygous mice are viable and fertile, but homozygous mice display nearly complete embryonic lethality. Most embryos die at about 10.5 dpc (PubMed:18448090, PubMed:19056886). A majority present disruption of the basement membrane and ruptures of the anterior visceral endoderm (PubMed:19056886). About one third display a pronounced defect in the fusion of the lateral edges of the body wall, resulting in cardia bifida. Mutant mice display also a defect in proepicardial cell migration. About one third of the mutants display abnormal morphogenesis of the neuroepithelium and headfold fusion defects. Besides, mutant embryos display defects in definitive endoderm migration, resulting in anterior axis truncations. Each of these phenotypes has partial penetrance, and many mutant embryos present a spectrum of defects. About 3% of the mutants develop into viable and fertile adults (PubMed:18448090, PubMed:19056886).
messages: Monomer and homodimer (By similarity). Self-associates (via leucine-rich repeats), giving rise to homooligomers (PubMed:25374360). Interacts with FGFR1 (PubMed:16872596). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with ADGRL1/LPHN1 and LPHN2 (via olfactomedin-like domain) (PubMed:22405201). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with ADGRL3 (via olfactomedin-like domain) (PubMed:24739570, PubMed:22405201, PubMed:26235031). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with UNC5B (via Ig domain) (PubMed:19492039, PubMed:21673655, PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25374360). May also interact (via extracellular domain) with UNC5A and UNC5C (PubMed:22405201). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with UNC5D (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:19492039). Identified in complexes composed of FLRT3, ADGRL3 and UNC5B, respectively FLRT3, ADGRL3 and UNC5D (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with ROBO1 (PubMed:24560577).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane region gives rise to a soluble ectodomain. Cleavage is probably effected by a metalloprotease.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by FGF2.
messages: axon
messages: focal adhesion
messages: growth cone membrane

10090:2310022A10Rik
gene id: 10090:2310022A10Rik
uniprot id: Q8R3Y5
names: Miscellaneous
messages: Due to an intron retention.

10090:Bet1
gene id: 10090:Bet1
uniprot id: O35623
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BET1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with STX17.
messages: Required for vesicular transport from the ER to the Golgi complex. Functions as a SNARE involved in the docking process of ER-derived vesicles with the cis-Golgi membrane (By similarity).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Taar1
gene id: 10090:Taar1
uniprot id: Q923Y8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for trace amines, including beta-phenylethylamine (b-PEA), p-tyramine (p-TYR), octopamine and tryptamine, with highest affinity for b-PEA and p-TYR. Unresponsive to classical biogenic amines, such as epinephrine and histamine and only partially activated by dopamine and serotonin. Trace amines are biogenic amines present in very low levels in mammalian tissues. Although some trace amines have clearly defined roles as neurotransmitters in invertebrates, the extent to which they function as true neurotransmitters in vertebrates has remained speculative. Trace amines are likely to be involved in a variety of physiological functions that have yet to be fully understood. The signal transduced by this receptor is mediated by the G(s)-class of G-proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.
messages: Widely distributed throughout the brain. Strongly expressed in the mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb, piriform cortex, the arcuate, motor, and mesencephalic trigeminal nuclei, lateral reticular and hypoglossal nuclei, cerebellar Purkinje cells, and ventral horn of the spinal cord. Moderately expressed in the frontal, entorhinal, and agranular cortices, the ventral pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus, several hypothalamic nuclei, ambiguus, dorsal raphe, and gigantocellular reticular nuclei. Weakly expressed in the septum, basal ganglia, amygdala, myelencephalon, and spinal cord dorsal horn. Particularly interesting is the moderate expression in several monoaminergic cell groups, namely the dorsal raphe, the locus coeruleus, and the ventral tegmental area.

10090:Zmiz1
gene id: 10090:Zmiz1
uniprot id: Q6P1E1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as transcriptional coactivator. Increases ligand-dependent transcriptional activity of AR and promotes AR sumoylation. The stimulation of AR activity is dependent upon sumoylation (By similarity). Also functions as a transcriptional coactivator in the TGF-beta signaling pathway by increasing the activity of the SMAD3/SMAD4 transcriptional complex (By similarity). Involved in transcriptional activation of a subset of NOTCH1 target genes including MYC. Involved in thymocyte and T cell development (PubMed:26522984). Involved in the regulation of postmitotic positioning of pyramidal neurons in the developing cerebral cortex (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death between 9.5-10.5 dpc. Mice are approximately half the size of wild-type littermates and display vascular and cell viability defects. Some heterozygotes also do not survive but those that do have no apparent defects.
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Interacts with AR, but not with ESR1, NR3C1, PGR, THRB nor VDR. Interacts with NOTCH1 and RBPJ (By similarity). Interacts with SMARCA4. Interacts (via SP-RING-type domain) with SMAD3 and SMAD4 (via MH2 domain) (By similarity).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May be due to a competing acceptor splice site.
messages: The C-terminal proline-rich domain possesses a significant intrinsic transcriptional activity. This activity is inhibited by the N-terminus in the full-length protein.
messages: The SP-RING-type domain mediates interaction with SMAD3 and SMAD4.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Casp2
gene id: 10090:Casp2
uniprot id: P29594
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C14A family.
messages: During embryonic development is highly expressed in several types of mouse tissue undergoing high rates of programmed cell death such as central nervous system and kidney.
messages: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a p18 subunit and a p12 subunit. Forms a complex named the PIDDosome with PIDD1 and CRADD. Interacts with NOL3 (via CARD domain); inhibits CASP2 activity in a phosphorylation-dependent manner.
messages: High level expression seen in the embryonic CNS, liver, lung, kidney, small intestine, and hair follicles of vibrissae. Moderate expression seen in the skin, oral mucosa, skeletal muscle, submandibular gland and thymus. In the adult, it is highly expressed in spleen, lung and kidney. Moderately in the brain, heart, testis, liver. Low levels in the thymus, skeletal muscle, ovary and gut.
messages: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Might function by either activating some proteins required for cell death or inactivating proteins necessary for cell survival (PubMed:7958843). Associates with PIDD1 and CRADD to form the PIDDosome, a complex that activates CASP2 and triggers apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress (By similarity).
messages: The CARD domain mediates a direct interaction with CRADD.
messages: The mature protease can process its own propeptide, but not that of other caspases.

10090:Qrsl1
gene id: 10090:Qrsl1
uniprot id: Q9CZN8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
messages: Belongs to the amidase family. GatA subfamily.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A (QRSL1), B (GATB) and C (GATC) subunits.

10090:Zscan5b
gene id: 10090:Zscan5b
uniprot id: B2RTN3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rab13
gene id: 10090:Rab13
uniprot id: Q9DD03
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICALL2; competes with RAB8A and is involved in tight junctions assembly. Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICALL1. Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICAL1, MICAL3, MICALCL, EHBP1 and EHBP1L1; ternary complexes of RAB8A, RAB13 and either MICAL1 or EHBP1L1 are possible. Interacts with PRKACA; downstream effector of RAB13 involved in tight junction assembly. Interacts with GRB2; may recruit RAB13 to the leading edge of migrating endothelial cells where it can activate RHOA. Interacts (isoprenylated form) with PDE6D; dissociates RAB13 from membranes. Interacts with BICDL2/BICDR2. Interacts with LEPROT and LEPROTL1.
messages: Rab activation is generally mediated by a guanine exchange factor (GEF), while inactivation through hydrolysis of bound GTP is catalyzed by a GTPase activating protein (GAP). That Rab may be activated by DENND1C, a guanine exchange factor. Activated in response to insulin (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is involved in endocytic recycling and regulates the transport to the plasma membrane of transmembrane proteins like the tight junction protein OCLN/occludin. Thereby, it regulates the assembly and the activity of tight junctions. Moreover, it may also regulate tight junction assembly by activating the PKA signaling pathway and by reorganizing the actin cytoskeleton through the activation of the downstream effectors PRKACA and MICALL2 respectively. Through its role in tight junction assembly, may play a role in the establishment of Sertoli cell barrier. Plays also a role in angiogenesis through regulation of endothelial cells chemotaxis. Also involved in neurite outgrowth. Has also been proposed to play a role in post-Golgi membrane trafficking from the TGN to the recycling endosome. Finally, it has been involved in insulin-induced transport to the plasma membrane of the glucose transporter GLUT4 and therefore may play a role in glucose homeostasis.
messages: lamellipodium
messages: tight junction
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:H1f0
gene id: 10090:H1f0
uniprot id: P10922
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: ADP-ribosylated on Ser-104 in response to DNA damage.
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structures. The histones H1.0 are found in cells that are in terminal stages of differentiation or that have low rates of cell division.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tnip2
gene id: 10090:Tnip2
uniprot id: Q99JG7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In vitro phosphorylated by CHUK.
messages: Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation by blocking the interaction of RIPK1 with its downstream effector NEMO/IKBKG. Forms a ternary complex with NFKB1 and MAP3K8 but appears to function upstream of MAP3K8 in the TLR4 signaling pathway that regulates MAP3K8 activation. Involved in activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway during innate immune response; this function seems to be stimulus- and cell type specific. Required for stability of MAP3K8. Involved in regulation of apoptosis in endothelial cells; promotes TEK agonist-stimulated endothelial survival. May act as transcriptional coactivator when translocated to the nucleus. Enhances CHUK-mediated NF-kappa-B activation involving NF-kappa-B p50-p65 and p50-c-Rel complexes.
messages: Interacts with STK11/LKB1, TNFAIP3, IKBKG, NFKB1, MAP3K8, TEK, RIPK1, CHUK, IKBKB and SMARCD1. Interacts with polyubiquitin (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination probably leading to constitutive proteasomal degradation which can be impaired by IKK-A/CHUK or IKBKB probably involving deubiquitination.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined.

10090:Acot3
gene id: 10090:Acot3
uniprot id: Q53YL1
uniprot id: Q9QYR7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the C/M/P thioester hydrolase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels (PubMed:15007068, PubMed:16940157). Mainly active on long-chain acyl-CoAs (PubMed:15007068, PubMed:16940157). May have a function in termination of beta-oxidation of fatty acids (PubMed:16940157).
messages: In the liver and kidney, by peroxisome proliferator (such as Clofibrate) treatment, via the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) or fasting for 24 hours.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in the kidney, expressed at low level in the liver. Isoform 2 is expressed in the kidney, but not in the liver. Isoform 1 is liver-specific (PubMed:10567408). Highly expressed in kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:15007068).

10090:Oscar
gene id: 10090:Oscar
uniprot id: Q8VBT3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the leukocyte receptor complex/polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIR/LRC) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Regulator of osteoclastogenesis which plays an important bone-specific function in osteoclast differentiation.
messages: Specifically expressed in preosteoclasts or mature osteoclasts.

10090:Xrn1
gene id: 10090:Xrn1
uniprot id: A0A087WQN7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the 5'-3' exonuclease family.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Tnfsf4
gene id: 10090:Tnfsf4
uniprot id: B6DXE3
uniprot id: P43488
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family.
messages: Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF4. Co-stimulates T-cell proliferation and cytokine production.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gstm7
gene id: 10090:Gstm7
uniprot id: Q80W21
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Mu family.
messages: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Gstm7 is the putative homolog of human GSTM2.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Vmn1r71
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r71
uniprot id: Q8VIC0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aff1
gene id: 10090:Aff1
uniprot id: A3KMF4
uniprot id: E9Q921
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the AF4 family.

10090:Dcxr
gene id: 10090:Dcxr
uniprot id: Q91X52
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR) family.
messages: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of several pentoses, tetroses, trioses, alpha-dicarbonyl compounds and L-xylulose. Participates in the uronate cycle of glucose metabolism. May play a role in the water absorption and cellular osmoregulation in the proximal renal tubules by producing xylitol, an osmolyte, thereby preventing osmolytic stress from occurring in the renal tubules.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, liver and epididymis. Expressed at intermediate level in lung. Weakly or not expressed in brain, heart, spleen and testis.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnf138
gene id: 10090:Rnf138
uniprot id: Q9CQE0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Chromosome
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in DNA damage response by promoting DNA resection and homologous recombination. Recruited to sites of double-strand breaks following DNA damage and specifically promotes double-strand break repair via homologous recombination. Two different, non-exclusive, mechanisms have been proposed. According to a report, regulates the choice of double-strand break repair by favoring homologous recombination over non-homologous end joining (NHEJ): acts by mediating ubiquitination of XRCC5/Ku80, leading to remove the Ku complex from DNA breaks, thereby promoting homologous recombination. According to another report, cooperates with UBE2Ds E2 ubiquitin ligases (UBE2D1, UBE2D2, UBE2D3 or UBE2D4) to promote homologous recombination by mediating ubiquitination of RBBP8/CtIP. Together with NLK, involved in the ubiquitination and degradation of TCF/LEF. Also exhibits auto-ubiquitination activity in combination with UBE2K. May act as a negative regulator in the Wnt/beta-catenin-mediated signaling pathway.
messages: Interacts with NLK. Interacts with XRCC5/Ku80. Interacts with RBBP8/CtIP.
messages: The zinc finger domains (C2H2-type and C2HC-type zinc fingers) bind DNA and mediate recruitment to double-strand break sites. They show strong preference for DNA with 5'- or 3'-single-stranded overhangs, while they do not bind blunt-ended double-stranded DNA or poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers.

10090:Ankle2
gene id: 10090:Ankle2
uniprot id: Q6P1H6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ANKLE2 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with BAF/BANF1. Interacts with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) components PPP2C (PPP2CA or PPP2CB) and PPP2R1A (By similarity).
messages: Involved in mitotic nuclear envelope reassembly by promoting dephosphorylation of BAF/BANF1 during mitotic exit. Coordinates the control of BAF/BANF1 dephosphorylation by inhibiting VRK1 kinase and promoting dephosphorylation of BAF/BANF1 by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby facilitating nuclear envelope assembly. May regulate nuclear localization of VRK1 in non-dividing cells. It is unclear whether it acts as a real PP2A regulatory subunit or whether it is involved in recruitment of the PP2A complex. Involved in brain development.

10090:Psmd7
gene id: 10090:Psmd7
uniprot id: A1L3B8
uniprot id: P26516
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M67A family.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits including PSMD7, a base containing 6 ATPases and few additional components. Within the complex, PSMD7 interacts with subunit PSMD4 through their respective MPN domain. Interacts with TRIM5.
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair.
messages: Disruption of the Mov-34 locus is a recessive embryonic lethal mutation.
messages: Does not bind a metal ion.

10090:Vmn2r29
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r29
uniprot id: L7N2D4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1396
gene id: 10090:Olfr1396
uniprot id: Q7TQS8
uniprot id: Q8VEY7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mterf1b
gene id: 10090:Mterf1b
uniprot id: A0A096P6K7
uniprot id: B9EJ57
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mTERF family.
messages: Contains nine structural repeats of about 35 residues, where each repeat contains three helices. The repeats form a left-handed superhelical assembly with a solenoid structure that wraps itself around DNA (By similarity).
messages: Double knockout of Mterf1a and Mterf1b results in viable animals with no gross phenotype, and normal oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Steady-state mitochondrial DNA levels are normal. There are subtle effects on levels of mitochondrial transcripts: transcripts initiated at the light strand promoter and also situated downstream of the MTERF binding site are increased, levels of 7S RNA are reduced, while levels of other mitochondrial transcripts appear normal.
messages: Expressed strongly in the heart and at lower levels in brain, liver and kidney.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer.
messages: Phosphoprotein with mostly four phosphate groups. While the DNA-binding activity is unaffected by the phosphorylation state, only the phosphorylated form of the protein is active for termination activity. Functioning seems to be regulated by phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Transcription termination factor. Binds to a 28 bp region within the tRNA(Leu(uur)) gene at a position immediately adjacent to and downstream of the 16S rRNA gene; this region comprises a tridecamer sequence critical for directing accurate termination. Binds DNA along the major grove and promotes DNA bending and partial unwinding. Promotes base flipping. Transcription termination activity appears to be polarized with highest specificity for transcripts initiated on the light strand.

10090:Enho
gene id: 10090:Enho
uniprot id: Q8K1D8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in liver and brain. Expressed in regions of the brain involved in metabolic regulation.
messages: In liver, up-regulated in mice fed a high-fat diet for 2 days, and down-regulated in obese mice fed a chronic high fat diet. Also down-regulated in liver 4 hours after treatment with LXR agonist GW3965.
messages: Involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
messages: Secreted

10090:Chmp2b
gene id: 10090:Chmp2b
uniprot id: Q8BJF9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SNF7 family.
messages: In brain, it is expressed in all neuronal populations with a relatively enhanced expression in the hippocampus, frontal and temporal lobes and in both granule and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. Not expressed in astrocytes or oligodendrocytes.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III) which is involved in multivesicular bodies (MVBs) formation and sorting of endosomal cargo proteins into MVBs. MVBs contain intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) that are generated by invagination and scission from the limiting membrane of the endosome and mostly are delivered to lysosomes enabling degradation of membrane proteins, such as stimulated growth factor receptors, lysosomal enzymes and lipids. The MVB pathway appears to require the sequential function of ESCRT-O, -I,-II and -III complexes. ESCRT-III proteins mostly dissociate from the invaginating membrane before the ILV is released. The ESCRT machinery also functions in topologically equivalent membrane fission events, such as the terminal stages of cytokinesis. ESCRT-III proteins are believed to mediate the necessary vesicle extrusion and/or membrane fission activities, possibly in conjunction with the AAA ATPase VPS4 (By similarity).
messages: Probable core component of the endosomal sorting required for transport complex III (ESCRT-III). ESCRT-III components are thought to multimerize to form a flat lattice on the perimeter membrane of the endosome. Several assembly forms of ESCRT-III may exist that interact and act sequentially. Interacts with CHMP2A. Interacts with VPS4A. Interacts with VPS4B; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Ubac2
gene id: 10090:Ubac2
uniprot id: Q8R1K1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with LMBR1L, FAF2, AMFR and VCP.
messages: Restricts trafficking of FAF2 from the endoplasmic reticulum to lipid droplets (By similarity). In association with LMBR1L and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase AMFR, negatively regulates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in the lymphocytes by promoting the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of CTNNB1 and Wnt receptors FZD6 and LRP6 (PubMed:31073040).

10090:Slc4a3
gene id: 10090:Slc4a3
uniprot id: P16283
uniprot id: Q68EG4
uniprot id: Q9ERP4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain.
messages: Inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS).
messages: Membrane
messages: Sodium-independent anion exchanger which mediates the electroneutral exchange of chloride for bicarbonate ions across the cell membrane.

10090:Cd9
gene id: 10090:Cd9
uniprot id: P40240
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed predominantly in the peripheral nervous system (PubMed:14715942). Highly expressed in oocytes and blastocysts (at protein level) (PubMed:10518536, PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791, PubMed:23213457). Expression is also observed on follicular oocytes in the ovary, whereas no expression is found on follicular cells (at protein level) (PubMed:10518536, PubMed:10634790). Expressed in skeletal muscle mainly in endothelial cells of endomysial capillaries, in satellite cells and myoblasts (at protein level).
messages: Forms both disulfide-linked homodimers and higher homooligomers as well as heterooligomers with other members of the tetraspanin family (By similarity). Interacts (via the second extracellular domain) with integrin ITGAV:ITGB3 (By similarity). Interacts with integrin ITGA6:ITGB1; interaction takes place in oocytes and is involved in sperm-egg fusion (PubMed:10634791). Part of integrin-tetraspanin complexes composed of CD81, beta-1 and beta-2 integrins in the membrane of monocyte/macrophages (By similarity). Interacts with CD63; identified in a complex with CD63 and ITGB3 (By similarity). Associates with CR2/CD21 and with PTGFRN/CD9P1 (By similarity). Part of a complex composed of CD9, CD81, PTGFRN and IGSF8 (PubMed:23575678). Interacts directly with IGSF8 (By similarity). Interacts with PDPN; this interaction is homophilic and attenuates platelet aggregation and pulmonary metastasis induced by PDPN (By similarity).
messages: Integral membrane protein associated with integrins, which regulates different processes, such as sperm-egg fusion, platelet activation and aggregation, and cell adhesion (PubMed:10700183, PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791, PubMed:14715942). Present at the cell surface of oocytes and plays a key role in sperm-egg fusion, possibly by organizing multiprotein complexes and the morphology of the membrane required for the fusion (PubMed:10700183, PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791, PubMed:21690351). In myoblasts, associates with CD81 and PTGFRN and inhibits myotube fusion during muscle regeneration (PubMed:23575678). In macrophages, associates with CD9 and beta-1 and beta-2 integrins, and prevents macrophage fusion into multinucleated giant cells specialized in ingesting complement-opsonized large particles. Also prevents the fusion between mononuclear cell progenitors into osteoclasts in charge of bone resorption (PubMed:12796480). Acts as a receptor for PSG17 (PubMed:11805154). Involved in platelet activation and aggregation (PubMed:14715942). Regulates paranodal junction formation (PubMed:14715942). Involved in cell adhesion, cell motility and tumor metastasis (By similarity). Also regulates integrin-dependent migration of macrophages, particularly relevant for inflammatory response in the lung (PubMed:18662991).
messages: Knockout mice are healthy, but females display severely reduced fertility (PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791). Oocyte maturation and ovulation are normal and female infertility is caused by defects in sperm-egg fusion (PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791). Wild type sperm penetrates the zona pellucida, binds to the oolema but the membranes fail to fuse (PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791). The infertility is overcome by intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and embryos develop normally (PubMed:10634790, PubMed:10634791). Eggs show reduced ability for strong sperm adhesion, and sperm accumulate in the perivitelline space, only transiently binding to the egg surface (PubMed:21690351). In response to notexin-induced acute myoinjury, mutant mice display abnormal muscle regeneration characterized by typical giant distrophic myofibres (PubMed:23575678). These mice spontaneously develop multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) and show enhanced osteoclastogenesis when compared to wild-type littermates (PubMed:12796480). CD81 and CD9 double knockout mice develop pulmonary emphysema, reminiscent of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in human (PubMed:18662991).
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated at a low, basal level in unstimulated platelets. The level of palmitoylation increases when platelets are activated by thrombin (in vitro). The protein exists in three forms with molecular masses between 22 and 27 kDa, and is known to carry covalently linked fatty acids. Palmitoylation by ZDHHC2 regulates CD9 expression, association with other tetraspanin family proteins and function in cell adhesion.
messages: extracellular exosome

10090:Tyr
gene id: 10090:Tyr
uniprot id: P11344
uniprot id: Q91XK0
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tyrosinase family.
messages: Binds 2 copper ions per subunit.
messages: Defects in Tyr result in various forms of albinism. Himalayan strain tyrosinase is temperature-sensitive.
messages: Expressed in the skin.
messages: Forms an OPN3-dependent complex with DCT in response to blue light in melanocytes.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Melanosome membrane
messages: This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds (PubMed:2517217). Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine (PubMed:2517217, PubMed:1537333, PubMed:35469906). In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6-dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone (PubMed:1537333).

10090:Sgcd
gene id: 10090:Sgcd
uniprot id: P82347
uniprot id: Q544D4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sarcoglycan beta/delta/gamma/zeta family.
messages: Component of the sarcoglycan complex, a subcomplex of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex which forms a link between the F-actin cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix.
messages: Disulfide bonds are present.
messages: Interacts with FLNC (By similarity). Cross-link to form 2 major subcomplexes: one consisting of SGCB, SGCD and SGCG and the other consisting of SGCB and SGCD. The association between SGCB and SGCG is particularly strong while SGCA is loosely associated with the other sarcoglycans. Interacts with DAG1.
messages: Most strongly expressed in skeletal and heart muscle. Also detected in proliferating myoblasts.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Apol7c
gene id: 10090:Apol7c
uniprot id: Q8C6E1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.

10090:Sel1l3
gene id: 10090:Sel1l3
uniprot id: Q80TS8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Suclg2
gene id: 10090:Suclg2
uniprot id: Q9Z2I8
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the succinate/malate CoA ligase beta subunit family. GTP-specific subunit beta subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase functions in the citric acid cycle (TCA), coupling the hydrolysis of succinyl-CoA to the synthesis of GTP and thus represents the only step of substrate-level phosphorylation in the TCA. The beta subunit provides nucleotide specificity of the enzyme and binds the substrate succinate, while the binding sites for coenzyme A and phosphate are found in the alpha subunit.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The beta subunit determines specificity for GTP.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Ska2
gene id: 10090:Ska2
uniprot id: Q9CR46
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SKA2 family.
messages: Component of the SKA1 complex, a microtubule-binding subcomplex of the outer kinetochore that is essential for proper chromosome segregation. Required for timely anaphase onset during mitosis, when chromosomes undergo bipolar attachment on spindle microtubules leading to silencing of the spindle checkpoint. The SKA1 complex is a direct component of the kinetochore-microtubule interface and directly associates with microtubules as oligomeric assemblies. The complex facilitates the processive movement of microspheres along a microtubule in a depolymerization-coupled manner. In the complex, it is required for SKA1 localization. Affinity for microtubules is synergistically enhanced in the presence of the ndc-80 complex and may allow the ndc-80 complex to track depolymerizing microtubules.
messages: Component of the SKA1 complex, composed of SKA1, SKA2 and SKA3. Forms a heterodimer with SKA1; the heterodimer interacting with SKA3. The core SKA1 complex is composed of 2 SKA1-SKA2 heterodimers, each heterodimer interacting with a molecule of the SKA3 homodimer. The core SKA1 complex associates with microtubules and forms oligomeric assemblies. Interacts directly with SKA1. Binds directly to microtubules; but with a much lower affinity than SKA1 in vivo (By similarity).
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Anxa4
gene id: 10090:Anxa4
uniprot id: P97429
uniprot id: S4R1F2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Calcium/phospholipid-binding protein which promotes membrane fusion and is involved in exocytosis.
messages: Seems to bind one calcium ion with high affinity.
messages: Zymogen granule membrane

10090:Pcsk6
gene id: 10090:Pcsk6
uniprot id: E9Q4D0
uniprot id: F6XJP7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S8 family.

10090:Olfr948
gene id: 10090:Olfr948
uniprot id: Q9EQ95
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnf185
gene id: 10090:Rnf185
uniprot id: Q91YT2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates selective mitochondrial autophagy by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of BNIP1 (By similarity). Acts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which targets misfolded proteins that accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation (By similarity). Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis (By similarity). Responsible for the cotranslational ubiquitination and degradation of CFTR in the ERAD pathway (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of the innate antiviral response by catalyzing 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination of CGAS, thereby promoting CGAS cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity (PubMed:28273161). Preferentially associates with the E2 enzymes UBE2J1 and UBE2J2 (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with ATG5 and BNIP1.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is responsible for E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with high expression in testis.

10090:Aldoc
gene id: 10090:Aldoc
uniprot id: P05063
names: Developmental Stage
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in Purkinje cells in bands running from anterior to posterior across most of the cerebellum. Expressed at higher levels in the brains of BSE-infected animals.
messages: Expression begins in the first week of postnatal life.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with ATP6V1E1 (By similarity).
messages: In vertebrates, three forms of this ubiquitous glycolytic enzyme are found, aldolase A in muscle, aldolase B in liver and aldolase C in brain.

10090:Jhy
gene id: 10090:Jhy
uniprot id: E9Q793
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the brain, specifically in hypothalamus, pineal gland, and ependymal cells of the aqueduct of Sylvius, as well as in the choroid plexus of the third ventricle. Expressed in the ependymal cells lining the lateral ventricles (at protein level).
messages: Required for the normal development of cilia in brain ependymal cells lining the ventricular surfaces.

10090:Scg3
gene id: 10090:Scg3
uniprot id: P47867
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in various brain areas, with highest levels in the arcuate nucleus and the lateral hypothalamic area, as well as the paraventricular nucleus and the ventromedial hypothalamus (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CHGA (PubMed:12388744). Interacts with secretogranin II/SCG2 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CPE (PubMed:16219686).
messages: Member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules (PubMed:16219686). Acts as a sorting receptor for intragranular proteins including chromogranin A/CHGA (PubMed:12388744). May also play a role in angiogenesis (PubMed:28330905). Promotes endothelial proliferation, migration and tube formation through MEK/ERK signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: secretory vesicle
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Fabp7
gene id: 10090:Fabp7
uniprot id: P51880
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: B-FABP could be involved in the transport of a so far unknown hydrophobic ligand with potential morphogenic activity during CNS development. It is required for the establishment of the radial glial fiber system in developing brain, a system that is necessary for the migration of immature neurons to establish cortical layers.
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain and other neural tissues.
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior.

10090:Gpr101
gene id: 10090:Gpr101
uniprot id: Q1WKE2
uniprot id: Q80T62
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain in hypothalamus.
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Rab8a
gene id: 10090:Rab8a
uniprot id: P55258
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICALL1; regulates RAB8A association with recycling endosomes (PubMed:18094055). Interacts with MICALL2; competes with RAB13 and is involved in E-cadherin endocytic recycling (PubMed:18094055). Interacts (GTP-bound form) with MICAL1, MICALCL, MICAL3 and EHBP1L1; two molecules of RAB8A can bind to one molecule of the effector protein; ternary complexes of RAB8A, RAB13 and either MICAL1 or EHBP1L1 are possible (By similarity). Interacts (GTP-bound form) with EHBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with EHD1 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP4K2 and SYTL4 (PubMed:8643544, PubMed:12590134). Interacts with SGSM1 and SGSM3 (PubMed:17509819). Interacts with RABIF, RIMS2, RPH3A and RPH3A (PubMed:12578829, PubMed:16541104). Interacts with OPTN (By similarity). Interacts with RAB3IP (PubMed:19625297). Interacts with MYO5B (By similarity). Interacts with PIFO (PubMed:20643351). Interacts with BIRC6/bruce (By similarity). Interacts with OCRL (By similarity). Interacts with AHI1 (PubMed:19625297). Interacts with DCDC1 (By similarity). Interacts with LRRK2; interaction facilitates phosphorylation of Thr-72 (By similarity). Interacts with RAB31P, GDI1, GDI2, CHM, CHML, RABGGTA, RABGGTB, TBC1D15 and INPP5B; these interactions are dependent on Thr-72 not being phosphorylated (By similarity). Interacts with RILPL1 and RILPL2; these interactions are dependent on the phosphorylation of Thr-72 by LRRK2 (PubMed:29125462). Interacts with DZIP1; prevents inhibition by the GDP-dissociation inhibitor GDI2 (PubMed:25860027).
messages: Midbody
messages: Phosphorylation of Thr-72 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM, CHML and RAB GDP dissociation inhibitors GDI1 and GDI2.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase (By similarity). Activated in response to insulin (By similarity).
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is involved in polarized vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release. Together with RAB11A, RAB3IP, the exocyst complex, PARD3, PRKCI, ANXA2, CDC42 and DNMBP promotes transcytosis of PODXL to the apical membrane initiation sites (AMIS), apical surface formation and lumenogenesis (By similarity). Regulates the compacted morphology of the Golgi (By similarity). Together with MYO5B and RAB11A participates in epithelial cell polarization (By similarity). Also involved in membrane trafficking to the cilium and ciliogenesis (PubMed:25860027). Together with MICALL2, may also regulate adherens junction assembly (PubMed:18094055). May play a role in insulin-induced transport to the plasma membrane of the glucose transporter GLUT4 and therefore play a role in glucose homeostasis (By similarity). Involved in autophagy (By similarity).
messages: centriole
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: phagosome membrane

10090:Unc5d
gene id: 10090:Unc5d
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSR6
uniprot id: A6H5Z5
uniprot id: B7ZMT2
uniprot id: C5IAW8
uniprot id: Q8K1S2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the unc-5 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in multipolar cells in the brain subventricular zone (at protein level) (PubMed:18547816). Detected in embryonic brain neocortex, especially in the subventricular zone (PubMed:21673655). Detected in multipolar cells in the brain subventricular zone (PubMed:18547816). Detected in brain neocortex from young pups, especially in the somatosensory cortex (PubMed:21216843). Expressed in developing limb and mammary gland (PubMed:12351186).
messages: Interacts (via extracellular domain) with FLRT2 and FLRT3 (via extracellular domain); the interaction is direct (PubMed:19492039, PubMed:21673655, PubMed:25374360, PubMed:26235030). Has higher affinity for FLRT2 (PubMed:25374360). Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and ADGRL3; does not interact with ADGRL3 by itself (PubMed:26235030).
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are viable, appear healthy, and do not display any obvious behavorial defects. Cortical neurons from mutant mice display impaired axon growth cone collapse in response to Flrt2 and a tendency towards accelerated radial migration in the developing brain.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during apoptosis. The cleavage does not take place when the receptor is associated with netrin ligand. Its cleavage by caspases is required to induce apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding.
messages: Receptor for the netrin NTN4 that promotes neuronal cell survival (PubMed:21216843). Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and cell guidance. Receptor for netrin involved in cell migration (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of neuronal cell migration in the developing brain via its interaction with FLRT2 (PubMed:21673655). Plays a role in axon guidance by mediating axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding (PubMed:21673655). May play a role in apoptosis in response to DNA damage. It also acts as a dependence receptor required for apoptosis induction when not associated with netrin ligand (By similarity). Mediates cell-cell adhesion via its interaction with FLRT3 on an adjacent cell (PubMed:26235030).

10090:Maco1
gene id: 10090:Maco1
uniprot id: Q7TQE6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the macoilin family.
messages: In the embryo, stronger expression at 15.5 dpc than at 10.5 dpc or 19.5 dpc. Expression decreases after birth although significant expression remains associated with some neuronal structures at P10.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of neuronal activity.
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Strong expression in whole nervous system up to 12.5 dpc. Highly expressed in all neuronal differentiation fields from 14.5 dpc to birth, with highest expression in the telencephalic cortical plate and mitral cells in the olfactory bulb, and lower expression in neuronal progenitor zones. Progressively decreased expression in fields of neuron precursor proliferation from 14.5 dpc and virtually undetectable there by 17.5 dpc. No significant expression detected outside the nervous system. After birth, significant expression remains in the cerebellum, olfactory bulb and hippocampus.

10090:Rap2a
gene id: 10090:Rap2a
uniprot id: Q80ZJ1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by the guanine nucleotide-exchange factors RAPGEF3 and RAPGEF4 in a cAMP-dependent manner. Nucleotide exchange is also specifically stimulated by RAPGEF5, RASGEF1A and RASGEF1B (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
messages: Expressed in granular layer of the cerebellum, forebrain, striatum, layer V of the cortex, olfactory cortex, tubercules, subthalamic and hippocampus, particularly in the CA2 region, to a lesser extent in the CA1 region and the external layer of the dentate gyrus. Expressed in neurons.
messages: Interacts with PLCE1. Interacts with ARHGAP29, SGSM1, SGSM2 and SGSM3. Interacts (GTP-bound form preferentially) with MAP4K4. Interacts with MINK1. Interacts with cytoskeletal actin (By similarity). Interacts (GTP-bound form) with RUNDC3A. Interacts (GTP-bound form preferentially) with TNIK (via the CNH domain); the interaction is direct and recruits RAP2A to the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4. Interacts with RGS14; the interaction is GTP-dependent.
messages: Midbody
messages: Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation is required for association with recycling endosome membranes and activation of TNIK.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Small GTP-binding protein which cycles between a GDP-bound inactive and a GTP-bound active form. In its active form interacts with and regulates several effectors including MAP4K4, MINK1 and TNIK. Part of a signaling complex composed of NEDD4, RAP2A and TNIK which regulates neuronal dendrite extension and arborization during development. More generally, it is part of several signaling cascades and may regulate cytoskeletal rearrangements, cell migration, cell adhesion and cell spreading.
messages: The effector domain mediates the interaction with RUNDC3A.
messages: Transgenic mice expressing a constitutively active form of Rap2a display impaired spatial learning and defective extinction of contextual fear.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-63' monoubiquitination and diubiquitination by NEDD4. Multiple lysine residues are probably modified. Ubiquitination requires TNIK, prevents interaction with effectors and inactivates RAP2A.

10090:B3galnt1
gene id: 10090:B3galnt1
uniprot id: Q920V1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Detected in brain, ovary, kidney, uterus and stomach (PubMed:9417047, PubMed:11463849). In ovary, specifically expressed in follicular granulosa cells and shows particularly strong expression at later stages of follicle development (PubMed:11463849).
messages: Detected in embryos from 12.5 days post coitum (dpc) onwards. Expressed in all four ventricles of the developing brain, with highest expression in the outer ventricular layer. Also found in the limb buds at 12.5 dpc. Detected in the brain (hippocampus) and retina at postnatal day 1. Expression in the retina is localized to the ganglion cell layer. At postnatal day 10, expression remains strong in the hippocampus where it localizes to the four CA fields and the dentate gyrus.
messages: Embryonic lethal. Lethality occurs at the preimplantation stage, between 3.5 and 4.5 days post-coitum (dpc).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Transfers N-acetylgalactosamine onto globotriaosylceramide (PubMed:9417047). Plays a critical role in preimplantation stage embryonic development (PubMed:11463849).

10090:Actr2
gene id: 10090:Actr2
uniprot id: P61161
uniprot id: Q5SW83
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In podocytes, required for the formation of lamellipodia downstream of AVIL and PLCE1 regulation. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs).
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Belongs to the actin family. ARP2 subfamily.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC. Interacts with AVIL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Zmat5
gene id: 10090:Zmat5
uniprot id: Q9CQR5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome. Not found in the major spliceosome (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Vmn2r106
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r106
uniprot id: E9PY92
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ypel2
gene id: 10090:Ypel2
uniprot id: Q0VA86
uniprot id: Q65Z95
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the yippee family.
messages: Detected in testis, heart, brain, spleen, lung and liver.
messages: May interact with FAM168B.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Pds5a
gene id: 10090:Pds5a
uniprot id: E9QPI5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PDS5 family.

10090:Ewsr1
gene id: 10090:Ewsr1
uniprot id: Q5SUT0
uniprot id: Q61545
uniprot id: Q6NVA3
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRM TET family.
messages: Binds RNA, POLR2C, SF1 and calmodulin. Interacts with PTK2B and TDRD3 (By similarity). Forms a complex with REC8, PRDM9, SYCP3 and SYCP1; complex formation is dependent of phosphorylated form of REC8 and requires PRDM9 bound to hotspot DNA; EWSR1 joins PRDM9 with the chromosomal axis through REC8 (PubMed:27932493).
messages: Binds calmodulin in the presence, but not in the absence, of calcium ion.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly methylated on arginine residues. Methylation is mediated by PRMT1 and, at lower level by PRMT8 (By similarity).
messages: Might function as a transcriptional repressor.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated; calmodulin-binding inhibits phosphorylation of Ser-266.

10090:Vash1
gene id: 10090:Vash1
uniprot id: Q8C1W1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transglutaminase-like superfamily. Vasohibin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at low level in proliferating endothelial cells at the sprouting front but highly expressed in nonproliferating endothelial cells in the termination zone.
messages: Interacts with SVBP; interaction enhances VASH1 tyrosine carboxypeptidase activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: Tyrosine carboxypeptidase that removes the C-terminal tyrosine residue of alpha-tubulin, thereby regulating microtubule dynamics and function (PubMed:29146868). Acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor: inhibits migration, proliferation and network formation by endothelial cells as well as angiogenesis (PubMed:19204325). This inhibitory effect is selective to endothelial cells as it does not affect the migration of smooth muscle cells or fibroblasts (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated in vitro.

10090:Bsnd
gene id: 10090:Bsnd
uniprot id: Q8VIM4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Expression is evident in inner and outer stripes of the outer medulla of the kidney, most probably representing thin limbs of Henle's loop together with some collecting duct coursing through the outer stripe. In situ hybridization in fetal kidney at 18.5 dpc revealed a clear continuity between hybridization signals from the thin limb of Henle's loop and the distal convoluted tubule, suggesting that part of the expression pattern may result from expression in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. In addition, strong signals are present in a subset of cortical tubules, representing distal convoluted tubules or cortical collecting duct. Strong expression is also observed in the inner medulla of the kidney. This expression does not extend all the way to the tip of the papilla. Thus this signal most probably represents cells of the thin ascending limbs. In the inner ear, strong and exclusive expression is detected in marginal cells of the stria vascularis. In addition to cochlear signal, expression is observed in dark cells localized at the base of the crista ampullaris of the vestibular organ.
messages: Functions as a beta-subunit for CLCNKA and CLCNKB chloride channels. In the kidney CLCNK/BSND heteromers mediate chloride reabsorption by facilitating its basolateral efflux. In the stria, CLCNK/BSND channels drive potassium secretion by recycling chloride for the basolateral SLC12A2 cotransporter.
messages: Interacts with CLCNK channels. Forms probably heteromers with CLCNKA in the thin ascending limb of Henle and with CLCNKB in the thick ascending limb and more distal segments.
messages: Palmitoylation is necessary for activation of plasma membrane-inserted CLC-K/barttin channels.

10090:Itga8
gene id: 10090:Itga8
uniprot id: A2ARA8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in mesenchymal cells of developing organs such as gut, lung, gonads and nephrogenic cord.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit is composed of a heavy and a light chain linked by a disulfide bond. Alpha-8 associates with beta-1.
messages: In brain, expressed in deep cortex, hippocampal CA1, basolateral amygdala and striatum. In kidney, expressed in glomerular mesengium (at protein level).
messages: Integrin alpha-8/beta-1 functions in the genesis of kidney and probably of other organs by regulating the recruitment of mesenchymal cells into epithelial structures. It recognizes the sequence R-G-D in a wide array of ligands including TNC, FN1, SPP1 TGFB1, TGFB3 and VTN. NPNT is probably its functional ligand in kidney genesis. Neuronal receptor for TNC it mediates cell-cell interactions and regulates neurite outgrowth of sensory and motor neurons.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display renal agenesis and dysgenesis. This is associated with a reduced expression of Gdnf that is similarly found in mice lacking Npnt. Adult mice also display increased susceptibility to glomerular capillary destruction upon mechanical stress. Mice lacking Itga8 also have difficulty balancing associated with structural defects in the inner ear where utricular hair cells lack stereocilia.

10090:Cyp8b1
gene id: 10090:Cyp8b1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0N7
uniprot id: O88962
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in primary bile acid biosynthesis. Catalyzes the 12alpha-hydroxylation of 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one, an intermediate metabolite in cholic acid biosynthesis (By similarity). Controls biliary balance of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, ultimately regulating the intestinal absorption of dietary lipids (PubMed:12393855, PubMed:28377401). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH--hemoprotein reductase) (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: By cholestyramine treatment (PubMed:10051404). Induced upon starvation (PubMed:10051404).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: Knockout mice are resistant to Western diet-induced hepatic steatosis due to impaired cholic acid synthesis and deficient fat absorption.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Tm7sf3
gene id: 10090:Tm7sf3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0K4
uniprot id: Q9CRG1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Involved in the inhibition of cytokine-induced death of pancreatic beta cells (PubMed:21853325). Involved in the promotion of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). Is a downstream transcriptional target of p53/TP53, and acts as a pro-survival homeostatic factor that attenuates the development of cellular stress. Maintains protein homeostasis and promotes cell survival through attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the subsequent induction of unfolded protein response (UPR) (PubMed:27740623).
messages: Membrane

10090:Marchf9
gene id: 10090:Marchf9
uniprot id: Q3TZ87
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may mediate ubiquitination of MHC-I, CD4 and ICAM1, and promote their subsequent endocytosis and sorting to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The RING-CH-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.

10090:Vmn1r201
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r201
uniprot id: Q8R262
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppil3
gene id: 10090:Ppil3
uniprot id: Q9D6L8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIL3 subfamily.
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides. May be involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity).

10090:Fdx2
gene id: 10090:Fdx2
uniprot id: Q9CPW2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the adrenodoxin/putidaredoxin family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) complex composed of NFS1, LYRM4, NDUFAB1, ISCU, FXN, and FDX2; this complex is an heterohexamer containing two copies of each monomer. Form an heterodimer complex with NFS1. Interacts (in both their reduced and oxidized states) with the cysteine desulfurase (NFS1:LYRM4) complex; this interaction stimulates cysteine desulfurase activity, and serves as a reductant for Fe-S cluster assembly.
messages: Electron donor, of the core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex, that acts to reduce the persulfide into sulfide during [2Fe-2S] clusters assembly on the scaffolding protein ISCU (By similarity). The core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex is involved in the de novo synthesis of a [2Fe-2S] cluster, the first step of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. This process is initiated by the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4:NDUFAB1) that produces persulfide which is delivered on the scaffold protein ISCU in a FXN-dependent manner. Then this complex is stabilized by FDX2 which provides reducing equivalents to accomplish the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly. Finally, the [2Fe-2S] cluster is transferred from ISCU to chaperone proteins, including HSCB, HSPA9 and GLRX5 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Zfp787
gene id: 10090:Zfp787
uniprot id: Q8BIF9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tab3
gene id: 10090:Tab3
uniprot id: Q571K4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter required to activate the JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways through the specific recognition of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains by its RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF). Acts as an adapter linking MAP3K7/TAK1 and TRAF6 to 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. The RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF) specifically recognizes Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains unanchored or anchored to the substrate proteins such as RIPK1/RIP1: this acts as a scaffold to organize a large signaling complex to promote autophosphorylation of MAP3K7/TAK1, and subsequent activation of I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex by MAP3K7/TAK1.
messages: Degraded in a lysosome-dependent manner following interactiuon with TRIM38.
messages: Interacts with TAB1, TAB2, MAP3K7, TRAF2 and TRAF6. The minimal TAB3-containing complex (TAB1-MAP3K7-TAB3) appears not to contain TAB2. However, it seems sensible to consider that TAB2 may also join this complex and may act in a cooperative manner with TAB3. Interacts with DYNC2I2 (via the WD domains). Interacts with RBCK1. Binds 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. Interacts with TRIM5. Interacts with TRIM38 (via B30.2/SPRY domain), leading to its translocation to lysosomes and degradation.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-510 by MAPKAPK2 and MAPKAPK3 following IL1 treatment.
messages: The RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF) mediates binding to two consecutive 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitins.
messages: Ubiquitinated; following IL1 stimulation or TRAF6 overexpression.

10090:Prg3
gene id: 10090:Prg3
uniprot id: Q9JL95
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in bone marrow, spleen, and thymus. Not detected in heart, liver or lung.
messages: Possesses similar cytotoxic and cytostimulatory activities to PRG2/MBP.

10090:Apoc2
gene id: 10090:Apoc2
uniprot id: Q05020
uniprot id: Q3UJG0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adult and fetal liver, intestine and peritoneal macrophages.
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C2 family.
messages: Component of chylomicrons, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism as an activator of lipoprotein lipase.
messages: Secreted

10090:Notch4
gene id: 10090:Notch4
uniprot id: P31695
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NOTCH family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin.
messages: Functions as a receptor for membrane-bound ligands Jagged1, Jagged2 and Delta1 to regulate cell-fate determination. Upon ligand activation through the released notch intracellular domain (NICD) it forms a transcriptional activator complex with RBPJ/RBPSUH and activates genes of the enhancer of split locus. Affects the implementation of differentiation, proliferation and apoptotic programs (By similarity). May regulate branching morphogenesis in the developing vascular system.
messages: Heterodimer of a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC) which are probably linked by disulfide bonds. Interacts with MAML1, MAML2 and MAML3 which act as transcriptional coactivators for NOTCH4.
messages: Highly expressed in endothelial cells during embryonic development from 9.0 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in lung, moderately in heart kidney, and at lower levels in the ovary and skeletal muscle. A very low expression is seen in the brain, intestine, liver and testis.
messages: Loss of the extracellular domain causes constitutive activation of the Notch protein, which leads to hyperproliferation of glandular epithelial tissues and development of mammary carcinomas.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum as an inactive form which is proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase in the trans-Golgi network before it reaches the plasma membrane to yield an active, ligand-accessible form. Cleavage results in a C-terminal fragment N(TM) and a N-terminal fragment N(EC). Following ligand binding, it is cleaved by TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) to yield a membrane-associated intermediate fragment called notch extracellular truncation (NEXT). This fragment is then cleaved by presenilin dependent gamma-secretase to release a notch-derived peptide containing the intracellular domain (NICD) from the membrane.

10090:Gzmg
gene id: 10090:Gzmg
uniprot id: P13366
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytolytic granule
messages: This enzyme is probably necessary for target cell lysis in cell-mediated immune responses.

10090:Bag1
gene id: 10090:Bag1
uniprot id: Q60739
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Co-chaperone for HSP70 and HSC70 chaperone proteins (PubMed:9873016). Acts as a nucleotide-exchange factor (NEF) promoting the release of ADP from the HSP70 and HSC70 proteins thereby triggering client/substrate protein release. Nucleotide release is mediated via its binding to the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of HSPA8/HSC70 where as the substrate release is mediated via its binding to the substrate-binding domain (SBD) of HSPA8/HSC70. Inhibits the pro-apoptotic function of PPP1R15A, and has anti-apoptotic activity. Markedly increases the anti-cell death function of BCL2 induced by various stimuli (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Forms a heteromeric complex with HSP70/HSC70. Binds to the ATPase domain of HSP/HSC70 chaperones. Interacts with NR3C1. Interacts with the N-terminal region of STK19. Interacts with PPP1R15A. Interacts with BCL2 in an ATP-dependent manner. Interacts with SIAH1, HSPA8 (via NBD), HSPA1A (via NBD) and HSPA1B (via NBD) (By similarity). Interacts with SIAH2 (PubMed:11257006).
messages: Isoform 2 is expressed in the heart, lung, kidney and spinal cord. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in hematopoietic cell lines. The levels of isoform 2 are relatively constant in all the cell lines examined while the levels of isoform 1 are more variable (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the lung and kidney. Isoform 2 is expressed in various tissues, with highest levels in testis and stomach.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated; mediated by SIAH1 or SIAH2 and leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation.

10090:Taf1c
gene id: 10090:Taf1c
uniprot id: Q6PDZ2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, composed of TBP and at least TAF1A, TAF1B, TAF1C and TAF1D. In the complex interacts directly with TBP, TAF1A and TAF1B. Interaction of the SL1/TIF-IB subunits with TBP excludes interaction of TBP with the transcription factor IID (TFIID) subunits. Interacts with MYC and RRN3. Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction prevents the association of SL1/TIF-IB with UBTF and represses RNA polymerase I transcription (By similarity).
messages: Component of the transcription factor SL1/TIF-IB complex, which is involved in the assembly of the PIC (preinitiation complex) during RNA polymerase I-dependent transcription. The rate of PIC formation probably is primarily dependent on the rate of association of SL1/TIF-IB with the rDNA promoter. SL1/TIF-IB is involved in stabilization of nucleolar transcription factor 1/UBTF on rDNA. Formation of SL1/TIF-IB excludes the association of TBP with TFIID subunits. Recruits RNA polymerase I to the rRNA gene promoter via interaction with RRN3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Thrap3
gene id: 10090:Thrap3
uniprot id: Q569Z6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associated with the large multiprotein complex TRAP (Mediator complex-like). Interacts with SFPQ; the interaction is dependent on SFPQ phosphorylation at 'Thr-687' and inhibits binding of SFPQ to an ESS1 exonic splicing silencer element-containing RNA. Interacts with NXF1. Component of the SNARP complex which consists at least of SNIP1, SNW1, THRAP3, BCLAF1 and PNN. Associated with spliced mRNP complexes. Interacts with HELZ2 and PPARG. Interacts with CLOCK and BMAL1 (By similarity). Component of a MACOM-like complex, named WTAP complex, composed of WTAP, ZC3H13, CBLL1, KIAA1429, RBM15, BCLAF1 and THRAP3 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the BCLAF1/THRAP3 family.
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the liver with a peak at approximately circadian time (CT) 8 hours (at protein level).
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing. Remains associated with spliced mRNA after splicing which probably involves interactions with the exon junction complex (EJC). Can trigger mRNA decay which seems to be independent of nonsense-mediated decay involving premature stop codons (PTC) recognition. May be involved in nuclear mRNA decay. Involved in regulation of signal-induced alternative splicing. During splicing of PTPRC/CD45 is proposed to sequester phosphorylated SFPQ from PTPRC/CD45 pre-mRNA in resting T-cells. Involved in cyclin-D1/CCND1 mRNA stability probably by acting as component of the SNARP complex which associates with both the 3'end of the CCND1 gene and its mRNA. Involved in response to DNA damage. Is excluced from DNA damage sites in a manner that parallels transcription inhibition; the function may involve the SNARP complex. Initially thought to play a role in transcriptional coactivation through its association with the TRAP complex; however, it is not regarded as a stable Mediator complex subunit. Cooperatively with HELZ2, enhances the transcriptional activation mediated by PPARG, maybe through the stabilization of the PPARG binding to DNA in presence of ligand. May play a role in the terminal stage of adipocyte differentiation. Plays a role in the positive regulation of the circadian clock. Acts as a coactivator of the CLOCK-BMAL1 heterodimer and promotes its transcriptional activator activity and binding to circadian target genes (PubMed:24043798).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Sec14l2
gene id: 10090:Sec14l2
uniprot id: Q99J08
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Carrier protein. Binds to some hydrophobic molecules and promotes their transfer between the different cellular sites. Binds with high affinity to alpha-tocopherol. Also binds with a weaker affinity to other tocopherols and to tocotrienols. May have a transcriptional activatory activity via its association with alpha-tocopherol. Probably recognizes and binds some squalene structure, suggesting that it may regulate cholesterol biosynthesis by increasing the transfer of squalene to a metabolic active pool in the cell (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nucks1
gene id: 10090:Nucks1
uniprot id: Q80XU3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Chromatin-associated protein involved in DNA repair by promoting homologous recombination (HR). Binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and secondary DNA structures, such as D-loop structures, but with less affinity than RAD51AP1.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Does not interact with RAD51.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in an ATM-dependent manner in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylated by CDK1 and casein kinase.

10090:Ide
gene id: 10090:Ide
uniprot id: Q8CGB9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M16 family.

10090:Tcn2
gene id: 10090:Tcn2
uniprot id: O88968
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic cobalamin transport proteins family.
messages: Interacts with CD320 (via LDL-receptor class A domains).
messages: Primary vitamin B12-binding and transport protein. Delivers cobalamin to cells.
messages: Secreted

10090:S100a11
gene id: 10090:S100a11
uniprot id: P50543
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Binds two calcium ions per molecule with an affinity similar to that of the S100 proteins.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Facilitates the differentiation and the cornification of keratinocytes.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-5 significantly suppresses homodimerization and promotes association with NCL/nucleolin which induces nuclear translocation.

10090:Fam166b
gene id: 10090:Fam166b
uniprot id: A2AIP0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UPF0605 family.
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Cd63
gene id: 10090:Cd63
uniprot id: P41731
uniprot id: Q549D0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Functions as cell surface receptor for TIMP1 and plays a role in the activation of cellular signaling cascades. Plays a role in the activation of ITGB1 and integrin signaling, leading to the activation of AKT, FAK/PTK2 and MAP kinases. Promotes cell survival, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell adhesion, spreading and migration, via its role in the activation of AKT and FAK/PTK2. Plays a role in VEGFA signaling via its role in regulating the internalization of KDR/VEGFR2. Plays a role in intracellular vesicular transport processes, and is required for normal trafficking of the PMEL luminal domain that is essential for the development and maturation of melanocytes. Plays a role in the adhesion of leukocytes onto endothelial cells via its role in the regulation of SELP trafficking. May play a role in mast cell degranulation in response to Ms4a2/FceRI stimulation, but not in mast cell degranulation in response to other stimuli.
messages: Interacts with TIMP1 and ITGB1 and recruits TIMP1 to ITGB1. Interacts with CD9. Identified in a complex with CD9 and ITGB3. Interacts with PMEL. Interacts with KDR/VEGFR2; identified in a complex with ITGB1 and KDR/VEGFR2 and is required to recruit KDR to ITGB1 complexes (By similarity). Interacts with SYT7 (PubMed:21041449).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Melanosome
messages: Membrane
messages: No visible phenotype. Mutant mice are viable and fertile, but display impaired water homeostasis, with increased urinary flow, increased water intake, reduced urine osmolality and increased fecal water content. Mice display inclusions in the principal cells in the renal collecting duct (PubMed:19075008). Mutant mice display variable graying of their coat color and a dramatic reduction in the number of melanosomes in the retinal pigment epithelium (PubMed:21962903). According to PubMed:21803846, mutant mice display a defect in the Selp-dependent attachment of leukocytes to endothelial cells. According to PubMed:23945142, mast cells from mutant mice show decreased degranulation and decreased release of TNF in response to Ms4a2/FceRI stimulation, but no difference in mast cell degranulation in response to other stimuli and no change in the release of IL6 and leukotriene C4.
messages: Palmitoylated at a low, basal level in unstimulated platelets. The level of palmitoylation increases when platelets are activated by thrombin (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. Strongly expressed in kidney. Detected in spleen, bone marrow, peripheral blood mononuclear cells and macrophages.
messages: extracellular exosome
messages: multivesicular body

10090:Klhdc3
gene id: 10090:Klhdc3
uniprot id: Q8VEM9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of a CRL2 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, also named ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) complex, composed of CUL2, Elongin BC (ELOB and ELOC), RBX1 and substrate-specific adapter KLHDC3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed specifically in testis, particularly in pachytene spermatocytes.
messages: Substrate-recognition component of a Cul2-RING (CRL2) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex of the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degrons) pathway, which recognizes a C-degron located at the extreme C terminus of target proteins, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation. The C-degron recognized by the DesCEND pathway is usually a motif of less than ten residues and can be present in full-length proteins, truncated proteins or proteolytically cleaved forms. The CRL2(KLHDC3) complex specifically recognizes proteins with a glycine (Gly) at the C-terminus, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation: recognizes the C-terminal -Arg-(Xaa)n-Arg-Gly, -Arg-(Xaa)n-Lys-Gly, and -Arg-(Xaa)n-Gln-Gly degrons. The CRL2(KLHDC3) complex mediates ubiquitination and degradation of truncated SELENOV and SEPHS2 selenoproteins produced by failed UGA/Sec decoding, which end with a glycine (By similarity). May be involved in meiotic recombination process (PubMed:12606021).

10090:Sec22b
gene id: 10090:Sec22b
uniprot id: O08547
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the synaptobrevin family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with STX17. Component of two distinct SNARE complexes consisting of STX5, GOSR2/BOS1, BET1 and SEC22B or STX18, USE1L, BNIP1/SEC20L and SEC22B. YKT6 can probably replace SEC22B as subunit of either complex (By similarity). Interacts with the COPII Sec23/24 complex composed of SEC23A and SEC24A; recruits SEC22B into COPII-coated vesicles to allow its transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi (By similarity).
messages: Melanosome
messages: SNARE involved in targeting and fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex as well as Golgi-derived retrograde transport vesicles with the ER.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Adh1
gene id: 10090:Adh1
uniprot id: P00329
uniprot id: Q3UKA4
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family.
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Class-I subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dimer of identical or non-identical chains of three types (A, B, C), which are coded by 3 separate genes at different loci.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the liver, small intestine and eye, at moderate levels in kidney, ovary and uterus, and at low levels in the spinal cord, thymus, heart, stomach mucosa, skin and testis.

10090:Akr1b10
gene id: 10090:Akr1b10
uniprot id: G5E895
uniprot id: Q8BIV6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.

10090:Nsmf
gene id: 10090:Nsmf
uniprot id: Q99NF2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 14.5 dpc embryo found at high levels within the forebrain, olfactory epithelium and olfactory pit. At 12.5 dpc embryo detected on olfactory axons including olfactory pathway on which the LHRH neurons move. From 11.5 dpc to 17.5 dpc embryos expressed in LHRH (luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone) neurons as they migrate from the olfactory pit into the developing forebrain.
messages: Belongs to the NSMF family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Couples NMDA-sensitive glutamate receptor signaling to the nucleus and triggers long-lasting changes in the cytoarchitecture of dendrites and spine synapse processes. Part of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) shut-off signaling pathway. Stimulates outgrowth of olfactory axons and migration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) neuronal cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with KPNA1; the interaction occurs in a calcium-independent manner after synaptic NMDA receptor stimulation and is required for nuclear import of NSMF but is competed by CABP1. Interacts (via the central NLS-containing motif region) with CABP1 (via EF-hands 1 and 2); the interaction occurs in a calcium-dependent manner after synaptic NMDA receptor stimulation and prevents the nuclear import of NSMF. Cannot be competed by calmodulin (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Preferentially expressed in immature migratory, in comparison to postmigrating, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal cell lines (at protein level). Expressed in adult brain and liver. In the brain, expressed in the primary pituitary gland, cortex, hippocampus, olfactory bulb and thalamus.
messages: Proteolytically processed after NMDA receptor activation. Cleaved in a calcium-dependent and calpain-sensitive manner. Calpain cleavage is essential for the translocation process from dendrites to the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: Transport from dendrites to the nucleus is induced by NMDA receptor activation and results in a rapid stripping of synaptic contacts and a reduction of dendritic complexity (By similarity). KIF5C associates to its 3'-UTR mRNA in granules along dendritic shafts, suggesting that this protein may regulate its dendritic trafficking and local translation at postsynaptic sites.
messages: Up-regulated by gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite
messages: synaptosome

10090:Ptges3l
gene id: 10090:Ptges3l
uniprot id: Q9D9A7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the p23/wos2 family.

10090:Smim11
gene id: 10090:Smim11
uniprot id: Q99J19
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain, heart, kidney, thymus, liver, stomach, muscle, lung, testis, ovary, skin and eye.
messages: Membrane

10090:Steap1
gene id: 10090:Steap1
uniprot id: Q3UNB9
uniprot id: Q9CWR7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the STEAP family.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Metalloreductase that has the ability to reduce both Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) and Cu(2+) to Cu(1+). Uses NAD(+) as acceptor.

10090:Cnot10
gene id: 10090:Cnot10
uniprot id: Q8BH15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CNOT10 family.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Is not required for association of CNOT7 to the CCR4-NOT complex (By similarity).
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex; distinct complexes seem to exist that differ in the participation of probably mutually exclusive catalytic subunits. CNOT10 and CNOT11 form a subcomplex docked to the CNOT1 scaffold (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Unc5b
gene id: 10090:Unc5b
uniprot id: Q8K1S3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the unc-5 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Complete embryonic lethality, due to defects in blood vessel development that lead to heart failure. Mutant embryos display increased branching of the internal carotid artery and of blood vessels in the nervous system, including thinner and more highly branched brain capillaries. Endothelial tip cells present an increased number of filopodia.
messages: Highly expressed in brain. Expressed in lung during late development. Expressed during early blood vessel formation, in the semicircular canal and in a dorsal to ventral gradient in the retina.
messages: Interacts with the cytoplasmic part of DCC (By similarity). Interacts with GNAI2 via its cytoplasmic part. Interacts (via death domain) with DAPK1 (via death domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with FLRT2 and FLRT3 (via extracellular domain), but has higher affinity for FLRT3 (PubMed:19492039, PubMed:21673655, PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25374360). Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and ADGRL3; does not interact with ADGRL3 by itself (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Palmitoylation is required for pro-apoptotic activity, but not for location at lipid rafts.
messages: Phosphorylated on cytoplasmic tyrosine residues.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspases during apoptosis. The cleavage does not take place when the receptor is associated with netrin ligand. Its cleavage by caspases is required to induce apoptosis.
messages: Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance. Mediates axon repulsion of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Axon repulsion in growth cones may be caused by its association with DCC that may trigger signaling for repulsion (By similarity). Functions as netrin receptor that negatively regulates vascular branching during angiogenesis (PubMed:15510105). Mediates retraction of tip cell filopodia on endothelial growth cones in response to netrin (PubMed:15510105). It also acts as a dependence receptor required for apoptosis induction when not associated with netrin ligand. Mediates apoptosis by activating DAPK1. In the absence of NTN1, activates DAPK1 by reducing its autoinhibitory phosphorylation at Ser-308 thereby increasing its catalytic activity (By similarity).

10090:BC003965
gene id: 10090:BC003965
uniprot id: Q6RUT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CCSMST1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r247
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r247
uniprot id: D3YTW8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr120
gene id: 10090:Olfr120
uniprot id: Q8VFQ2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1028
gene id: 10090:Olfr1028
uniprot id: Q7TR89
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sval3
gene id: 10090:Sval3
uniprot id: Q76I99
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PIP family.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with AZGP1.

10090:Spag11b
gene id: 10090:Spag11b
uniprot id: Q3UW43
uniprot id: Q8K4N2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antimicrobial activity against E.coli (By similarity). Plays a role in the defense response in the male reproductive tract, contributing to sperm maturation, storage and protection (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Dhcr24
gene id: 10090:Dhcr24
uniprot id: Q8VCH6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAD-binding oxidoreductase/transferase type 4 family.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of the delta-24 double bond of sterol intermediates during cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:26114596). In addition to its cholesterol-synthesizing activity, can protect cells from oxidative stress by reducing caspase 3 activity during apoptosis induced by oxidative stress. Also protects against amyloid-beta peptide-induced apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane

10090:Rab2b
gene id: 10090:Rab2b
uniprot id: P59279
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with GARIN4 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with GARIN5A (PubMed:28930687). Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with GARIN1B (PubMed:34714330).
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase.
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states (PubMed:28930687). In their active state, drive transport of vesicular carriers from donor organelles to acceptor organelles to regulate the membrane traffic that maintains organelle identity and morphology (PubMed:28930687). Regulates the compacted morphology of the Golgi (By similarity). Promotes cytosolic DNA-induced innate immune responses. Regulates IFN responses against DNA viruses by regulating the CGAS-STING signaling axis (PubMed:28930687).
messages: acrosome

10090:Ass1
gene id: 10090:Ass1
uniprot id: P16460
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by CLOCK in a circadian manner which negatively regulates its enzyme activity. Deacetylated by histone deacetylases.
messages: Belongs to the argininosuccinate synthase family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in fetal liver.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with NMRAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with CLOCK; in a circadian manner (PubMed:28985504). Forms tissue-specific complexes with ASL, SLC7A1, HSP90AA1 and nitric oxide synthase NOS1, NOS2 or NOS3; the complex regulates cell-autonomous L-arginine synthesis and citrulline recycling while channeling extracellular L-arginine to nitric oxide synthesis pathway.
messages: One of the enzymes of the urea cycle, the metabolic pathway transforming neurotoxic amonia produced by protein catabolism into inocuous urea in the liver of ureotelic animals. Catalyzes the formation of arginosuccinate from aspartate, citrulline and ATP and together with ASL it is responsible for the biosynthesis of arginine in most body tissues.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cytosol

10090:Klk1b27
gene id: 10090:Klk1b27
uniprot id: Q9JM71
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Kallikrein subfamily.
messages: Detectable in testis 4 weeks after birth, becoming more prominent thereafter.
messages: Expressed in testis and submaxillary gland. Not expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, kidney and ovary. In the testis, expression localized specifically to Leydig cells in the interstitial tissues.
messages: Serine protease with chymotrypsin-like cleavage specificity. Shows activity towards casein, gelatin, IGFBP3 and fibronectin but not towards laminin or collagens I and IV. Does not hydrolyze kininogin to release Lys-bradykinin.
messages: Strongly inhibited by protease inhibitors diisopropyl fluorophosphate, phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and SBTI.

10090:Ftsj1
gene id: 10090:Ftsj1
uniprot id: Q8CBC7
uniprot id: Q8JZY1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family. TRM7 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methylates the 2'-O-ribose of nucleotides at positions 32 and 34 of the tRNA anticodon loop of substrate tRNAs.

10090:Baiap2l2
gene id: 10090:Baiap2l2
uniprot id: Q80Y61
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in the epithelial layer of the intestine and in the kidney.
messages: Phosphoinositides-binding protein that induces the formation of planar or gently curved membrane structures. Binds to phosphoinositides, including to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) headgroups. There seems to be no clear preference for a specific phosphoinositide.
messages: The IMD domain consisting of an antiparallel dimer of three-helix bundles, featuring on one side a positively charged. The N-terminal alpha-helix inserts into the lipid bilayer. Also forms homodimers and homooligomers. The residue Trp-141 is essential for oligomer formation.

10090:Zscan30
gene id: 10090:Zscan30
uniprot id: Q149X8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slfn14
gene id: 10090:Slfn14
uniprot id: V9GXG1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with ribosomes in an ATP-independent manner (PubMed:25996083).
messages: C-terminally truncated SLFN14 endoribonuclease: Requires manganese and magnesium for its endoribonuclease activity.
messages: Displays polysome-associated endoribonuclease activity towards mRNAs and rRNAs (PubMed:25996083). May play a role in RNA surveillance pathways by recognizing stalled ribosomes and triggering endonucleolytic cleavage of aberrant mRNAs (Probable). Cleaves different types of rRNAs and mRNAs in a magnesium- and manganese-dependent and ATP-independent manner. Involved in correct maturation of megakaryocytes and especially important for proplatelet extension (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in spleen (PubMed:19619625).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Shows no ribosome-associated and endoribonuclease activities.

10090:Fam178b
gene id: 10090:Fam178b
uniprot id: E9PUL8
uniprot id: E9PXB2
uniprot id: Q24JP3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM178 family.

10090:Cpox
gene id: 10090:Cpox
uniprot id: P36552
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of Lys-360 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the aerobic coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase family.
messages: Expressed in erythroid cells. Expressed in liver (PubMed:8407975).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Involved in the heme biosynthesis. Catalyzes the aerobic oxidative decarboxylation of propionate groups of rings A and B of coproporphyrinogen-III to yield the vinyl groups in protoporphyrinogen-IX (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space

10090:Hoxd11
gene id: 10090:Hoxd11
uniprot id: A2ASM7
uniprot id: P23813
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Abd-B homeobox family.
messages: Expressed during development of the posterior part of the body.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis.

10090:Mob1b
gene id: 10090:Mob1b
uniprot id: Q8BPB0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activator of LATS1/2 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. Stimulates the kinase activity of STK38L (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MOB1/phocein family.
messages: Binds STK38L. Interacts with LATS1 and LATS2 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 and this phosphorylation enhances its binding to LATS1.

10090:Elfn2
gene id: 10090:Elfn2
uniprot id: Q68FM6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Inhibits phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complexes.
messages: Interacts with PPP1CA.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rad54b
gene id: 10090:Rad54b
uniprot id: Q6PFE3
uniprot id: Q8BKE5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Interacts with APBA1 (via PDZ 1 and 2 domains).
messages: Interacts with RAD51 through the NH2-terminal domain.
messages: Involved in DNA repair and mitotic recombination. May play an active role in recombination processes in concert with other members of the RAD52 epistasis group.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor that down-regulates the expression of the fibrinogen gamma chain. Represses transcription of GSK3B gene promoter via its interaction with APBA1.

10090:Usp42
gene id: 10090:Usp42
uniprot id: B2RQC2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme which may play an important role during spermatogenesis.
messages: Expressed in the midbrain, forebrain, optic vesicles and eyes of embryos at 10.5 dpc and a more pronounced expression is seen at 12.5 dpc.
messages: Highest expression seen in the testis. Also expressed in brain, lung and thymus. The expression level gradually increases from 2 weeks after birth and then decreases from the pachytene spermatocyte (PS) stage during spermatogenesis.

10090:Olfr792
gene id: 10090:Olfr792
uniprot id: Q7TRH9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ercc1
gene id: 10090:Ercc1
uniprot id: E9PUM0
uniprot id: P07903
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ERCC1/RAD10/SWI10 family.
messages: Heterodimer composed of ERCC1 and ERRC4/XPF (By similarity). Interacts with USP4 (By similarity).
messages: Non-catalytic component of a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease responsible for the 5'-incision during DNA repair. Responsible, in conjunction with SLX4, for the first step in the repair of interstrand cross-links (ICL). Participates in the processing of anaphase bridge-generating DNA structures, which consist in incompletely processed DNA lesions arising during S or G2 phase, and can result in cytokinesis failure. Also required for homology-directed repair (HDR) of DNA double-strand breaks, in conjunction with SLX4 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated with both 'Lys-48' and 'Lys-63' linkages. Deubiquitinated by USP45.

10090:Tuba1b
gene id: 10090:Tuba1b
uniprot id: P05213
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is located inside the microtubule lumen. This modification has been correlated with increased microtubule stability, intracellular transport and ciliary assembly.
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Detyrosination is involved in metaphase plate congression by guiding chromosomes during mitosis: detyrosination promotes interaction with CENPE, promoting pole-proximal transport of chromosomes toward the equator (By similarity). Detyrosination increases microtubules-dependent mechanotransduction in dystrophic cardiac and skeletal muscle (PubMed:26446751). In cardiomyocytes, detyrosinated microtubules are required to resist to contractile compression during contraction: detyrosination promotes association with desmin (DES) at force-generating sarcomeres, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (PubMed:27102488).
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells. Nascent tubulin polypeptide interacts (via beta-tubulin MREC motif) with TTC5/STRAP; this interaction may result in tubulin mRNA-targeted degradation.
messages: Methylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is found in mitotic microtubules and is required for normal mitosis and cytokinesis contributing to genomic stability.
messages: Nitration of Tyr-451 is irreversible and interferes with normal dynein intracellular distribution.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:1967194, PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREC motif mediates interaction with TTC5/STRAP and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Tyrosination promotes microtubule interaction with CAP-Gly domain-containing proteins such as CLIP1, CLIP2 and DCTN1 (PubMed:16954346, PubMed:19564401). Tyrosination regulates the initiation of dynein-dynactin motility via interaction with DCTN1, which brings the dynein-dynactin complex into contact with microtubules. In neurons, tyrosinated tubulins mediate the initiation of retrograde vesicle transport (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with highest levels in spleen, thymus and immature brain.
messages: Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (MATCAP, VASH1 or VASH2) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Fermt2
gene id: 10090:Fermt2
uniprot id: Q3TLE2
uniprot id: Q8CIB5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the kindlin family.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Complete embryonic lethality at peri-implantation stage, due to severe detachment of the endoderm and epiblast from the basement membrane. Heterozygous mice lacking one copy of Fermt2 show no visible phenotype, but show decreased tumor angiogenesis upon transplantation of tumor cells, and their blood vessels are abnormally leaky.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in adult heart muscle (at protein level). Detected in heart, skeletal muscle and testis.
messages: I band
messages: Interacts with ITGB1; the interaction is inhibited in presence of ITGB1BP1. Interacts with FBLIM1. Interacts with active, unphosphorylated CTNNB1. Identified in a complex with CTNNB1 and TCF7L2/TCF4 (By similarity). Interacts with ILK, ITGB1 and ITGB3.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Scaffolding protein that enhances integrin activation mediated by TLN1 and/or TLN2, but activates integrins only weakly by itself. Binds to membranes enriched in phosphoinositides. Enhances integrin-mediated cell adhesion onto the extracellular matrix and cell spreading; this requires both its ability to interact with integrins and with phospholipid membranes. Required for the assembly of focal adhesions. Participates in the connection between extracellular matrix adhesion sites and the actin cytoskeleton and also in the orchestration of actin assembly and cell shape modulation. Recruits FBLIM1 to focal adhesions. Plays a role in the TGFB1 and integrin signaling pathways. Stabilizes active CTNNB1 and plays a role in the regulation of transcription mediated by CTNNB1 and TCF7L2/TCF4 and in Wnt signaling.
messages: The FERM domain is not correctly detected by PROSITE or Pfam techniques because it contains the insertion of a PH domain.
messages: The N-terminal region displays a ubiquitin-type fold and mediates interaction with membranes containing negatively charged phosphatidylinositol phosphate via a surface enriched in positively charged residues.
messages: The PH domain binds phospholipids. Binds preferentially phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate, and has lower affinity for phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: stress fiber

10090:Egf
gene id: 10090:Egf
uniprot id: A0A0G2JDT8
uniprot id: A0A0G2JF92
uniprot id: P01132
uniprot id: Q3UWD7
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: EGF stimulates the growth of various epidermal and epithelial tissues in vivo and in vitro and of some fibroblasts in cell culture. Magnesiotropic hormone that stimulates magnesium reabsorption in the renal distal convoluted tubule via engagement of EGFR and activation of the magnesium channel TRPM6 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with EGFR and promotes EGFR dimerization. Interacts with RHBDF1; may retain EGF in the endoplasmic reticulum and regulates its degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD). Interacts with RHBDF2.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr419
gene id: 10090:Olfr419
uniprot id: E9Q0Y7
uniprot id: Q7TRW4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem235
gene id: 10090:Tmem235
uniprot id: B1AQL3
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Clcn3
gene id: 10090:Clcn3
uniprot id: A0A6Q6Q7B9
uniprot id: E9Q2I1
uniprot id: P51791
uniprot id: Q790S0
uniprot id: Q8K4W8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 10.5 days of development it is expressed throughout the embryo. Later in development (12.5 to 14.5 days of gestation), expression is progressively up-regulated in neurons of the brain and the spinal cord, in all cranial sensory ganglia and in the sympathetic dorsal root ganglia.
messages: Belongs to the chloride channel (TC 2.A.49) family. ClC-3/CLCN3 subfamily.
messages: Brain, heart, pancreas, kidney, liver, lung, retina, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord.
messages: Brain, pancreas, kidney, liver, lung, retina, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in kidney, in the apical part of proximal tubule cells (at protein level). Expressed at high levels in the kidney while a low level expression is seen in the brain. Within the brain, it is prominent in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in the liver and at low levels in the brain.
messages: Inhibited by Cd(2+).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May influence large dense-core vesicle exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer (PubMed:28972156). Forms heterodimers with CLCN4 (PubMed:28972156).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Pancreas, kidney, liver, lung and retina.
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons (PubMed:24603049, PubMed:26342074, PubMed:28972156). Facilitates endosomal acidification and chloride accumulation in hepatocytes (PubMed:15504734).
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons (PubMed:26342074). The CLC channel family contains both chloride channels and proton-coupled anion transporters that exchange chloride or another anion for protons (By similarity). The presence of conserved gating glutamate residues is typical for family members that function as antiporters (By similarity).
messages: Strongly outwardly rectifying, electrogenic H(+)/Cl(-)exchanger which mediates the exchange of chloride ions against protons.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Cd300lf
gene id: 10090:Cd300lf
uniprot id: Q6SJQ7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Acts as a functional murine norovirus (MNV) receptor that mediates binding to the cell surface and is both necessary and sufficient for viral entry and replication. Primary determinant of MNV species tropism and is sufficient to render cells permissive to infection by MNV. Can render nonmurine mammalian cells susceptible to MNV infection (PubMed:27681626, PubMed:27540007).
messages: Acts as an inhibitory receptor for myeloid cells and mast cells (PubMed:17438331). Positively regulates the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) via phosphatidylserine (PS) recognition; recognizes and binds PS as a ligand which is expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells (PubMed:21865548). Plays an important role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis, by promoting macrophage-mediated efferocytosis and by inhibiting dendritic cell-mediated efferocytosis (PubMed:26768664). Negatively regulates Fc epsilon receptor-dependent mast cell activation and allergic responses via binding to ceramide which acts as a ligand (PubMed:23123064). May act as a coreceptor for interleukin 4 (IL-4). Associates with and regulates IL-4 receptor alpha-mediated responses by augmenting IL-4- and IL-13-induced signaling (PubMed:26124135). Negatively regulates the Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling mediated by MYD88 and TRIF through activation of PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPN11/SHP-2 (By similarity). Inhibits osteoclast formation (PubMed:14662855). Induces macrophage cell death upon engagement (PubMed:18097021).
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in myeloid cells. Present on the surface of macrophages (at protein level). Highly expressed by alveolar, splenic macrophages and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Expression is increased following aeroallergen challenge in macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils.
messages: Interacts with PTPN6/SHP-1 in a tyrosine phosphorylation dependent manner (PubMed:14662855). Interacts with IL4R (PubMed:26124135).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine.
messages: Up-regulated by interleukin-4/IL-4.

10090:Ccr6
gene id: 10090:Ccr6
uniprot id: O54689
uniprot id: Q542B6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for the C-C type chemokine CCL20. Binds to CCL20 and subsequently transduces a signal by increasing the intracellular calcium ion levels (PubMed:20068036). Although CCL20 is its major ligand it can also act as a receptor for non-chemokine ligands such as beta-defensins (PubMed:25122636). Binds to defensin DEFB1 leading to increase in intracellular calcium ions and cAMP levels. Its binding to DEFB1 is essential for the function of DEFB1 in regulating sperm motility and bactericidal activity (By similarity). Binds to defensins DEFB4 and DEFB4A/B and mediates their chemotactic effects (PubMed:20068036). The ligand-receptor pair CCL20-CCR6 is responsible for the chemotaxis of dendritic cells (DC), effector/memory T-cells and B-cells and plays an important role at skin and mucosal surfaces under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, as well as in pathology, including cancer and various autoimmune diseases. CCR6-mediated signals are essential for immune responses to microbes in the intestinal mucosa and in the modulation of inflammatory responses initiated by tissue insult and trauma (PubMed:21376174). CCR6 is essential for the recruitment of both the pro-inflammatory IL17 producing helper T-cells (Th17) and the regulatory T-cells (Treg) to sites of inflammation (PubMed:19050256). Required for the normal migration of Th17 cells in Peyers patches and other related tissue sites of the intestine and plays a role in regulating effector T-cell balance and distribution in inflamed intestine (PubMed:19129757). Plays an important role in the coordination of early thymocyte precursor migration events important for normal subsequent thymocyte precursor development, but is not required for the formation of normal thymic natural regulatory T-cells (nTregs). Required for optimal differentiation of DN2 and DN3 thymocyte precursors (PubMed:24638065). Essential for B-cell localization in the subepithelial dome of Peyers-patches and for efficient B-cell isotype switching to Ig…
messages: Sperm. Mainly localized in the principal piece and neck region of the tail but is also found in the acrosomal region in a small percentage of sperm cells. Expressed in natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) and a subset of early thymocyte progenitor double-negative 1 (DN1) cells. Expressed in memory B cells. Expressed by IL17 producing helper T-cells (Th17), type 1 effector cells (Th1), type 2 effector cells (Th2) and regulatory T-cells (Treg) (at protein level). Expressed by Th17 cells in spleen, Peyers patches, and lamina propria of small and large intestine. Highly expressed in testis, lung, colon, and dendritic cells.
messages: Up-regulated on pre-germinal center B-cells in a CD40-dependent manner. Up-regulated and down-regulated in Th17 cells by TGFB1 and IL2 respectively.

10090:Olfr1404
gene id: 10090:Olfr1404
uniprot id: Q8VGE1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dctn6
gene id: 10090:Dctn6
uniprot id: D3Z4E5
uniprot id: D3Z6H3
uniprot id: Q9WUB4
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynactin subunits 5/6 family. Dynactin subunit 6 subfamily.
messages: Member of the pointed-end complex of the dynactin shoulder complex which contains DCTN4, DCTN5 and DCTN6 subunits and ACTR10. Within the complex DCTN6 forms a heterodimer with DCTN5. Interacts with PLK1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-186 by CDK1 during mitotic prometaphase creates a binding site for PLK1 that facilitates its recruitment to kinetochores.
messages: Up-regulated in Ant1-deficient mice.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: kinetochore

10090:Bcar1
gene id: 10090:Bcar1
uniprot id: Q3TJP4
uniprot id: Q61140
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A serine-rich region promotes activation of the serum response element (SRE).
messages: Belongs to the CAS family.
messages: Contains a central domain (substrate domain) containing multiple potential SH2-binding sites and a C-terminal domain containing a divergent helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif. The SH2-binding sites putatively bind CRK, NCK and ABL SH2 domains. The HLH motif is absolutely required for the induction of pseudohyphal growth in yeast and mediates heterodimerization with NEDD9.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dephosphorylated by PTPN14 at Tyr-132.
messages: Docking protein which plays a central coordinating role for tyrosine kinase-based signaling related to cell adhesion (By similarity). Implicated in induction of cell migration and cell branching (PubMed:25499443). Involved in the BCAR3-mediated inhibition of TGFB signaling (PubMed:25499443).
messages: Expressed in olfactory sensory neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:20881139). Expressed abundantly in the liver, lung, brain, and at lower levels in the heart (at protein level) (PubMed:19365570).
messages: Forms complexes in vivo with PTK2/FAK1, adapter protein CRKL and LYN kinase. Can heterodimerize with NEDD9. Component of a complex comprised of SH2D3C, BCAR1/CAS, and CRK (By similarity). Within the complex, interacts with SH2D3C (via C-terminus), and CRK (By similarity). Part of a complex comprised of PTPRA, BCAR1, BCAR3 (via SH2 domain) and SRC; the formation of the complex is dependent on intergrin mediated-tyrosine phosphorylation of PTPRA (PubMed:22801373). Interacts with BCAR3 (via Ras-GEF domain); the interaction regulates adhesion-dependent serine phosphorylation (PubMed:10896938, PubMed:22801373). Interacts with SMAD2 and SMAD3 (PubMed:25499443). Interacts with NPHP1 (PubMed:10739664). Interacts with PTK2B/PYK2 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with SH2D3C/CHAT isoform 2 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:10692442, PubMed:12486027, PubMed:17174122). Interacts with activated CSPG4. Interacts with BMX, INPPL1/SHIP2 and PEAK1 (By similarity). Part of a collagen stimulated complex involved in cell migration composed of CDC42, CRK, TNK2 and BCAR1/p130cas (By similarity). Interacts with TNK2 via SH3 domains. Interacts (when tyrosine-phosphorylated) with tensin TNS1; the interaction is increased by phosphorylation of TNS1 (By similarity).
messages: PTK2/FAK1 activation mediates phosphorylation at the YDYVHL motif; phosphorylation is most likely catalyzed by SRC family members. SRC-family kinases are recruited to the phosphorylated sites and can phosphorylate other tyrosine residues. Tyrosine phosphorylation is triggered by integrin mediated adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by SRC kinase in a EDN1- and PTK2B-mediated manner; phosphorylation strengthens its interaction with BCAR3 as part of the PTK2B/BCAR1/BCAR3/RAP1 signaling pathway.
messages: The SH3 domain is necessary for the localization of the protein to focal adhesions and interacts with one proline-rich region of PTK2/FAK1.
messages: axon
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Fam189b
gene id: 10090:Fam189b
uniprot id: E9Q6C9
uniprot id: Q5HZJ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ENTREP family.
messages: May interact with WWOX.
messages: Membrane

10090:Oplah
gene id: 10090:Oplah
uniprot id: Q8K010
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the oxoprolinase family.
messages: Catalyzes the cleavage of 5-oxo-L-proline to form L-glutamate coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate.
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Pabpc1
gene id: 10090:Pabpc1
uniprot id: P29341
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the polyadenylate-binding protein type-1 family.
messages: Binds the poly(A) tail of mRNA, including that of its own transcript, and regulates processes of mRNA metabolism such as pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA stability. Its function in translational initiation regulation can either be enhanced by PAIP1 or repressed by PAIP2. Can probably bind to cytoplasmic RNA sequences other than poly(A) in vivo. Binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing mRNAs and contributes to MYC stability by binding to m6A-containing MYC mRNAs. Involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. Involved in regulation of nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons; for the recognition of premature termination codons (PTC) and initiation of NMD a competitive interaction between UPF1 and PABPC1 with the ribosome-bound release factors is proposed. By binding to long poly(A) tails, may protect them from uridylation by ZCCHC6/ZCCHC11 and hence contribute to mRNA stability.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May form homodimers. Component of a multisubunit autoregulatory ribonucleoprotein complex (ARC), at least composed of IGF2BP1, PABPC1 and CSDE1. Directly interacts with IGF2BP1. Part of a complex associated with the FOS mCRD domain and consisting of HNRPD, SYNCRIP, PAIP1 and CSDE1/UNR. Interacts with PAIP1 and PAIP2 (via the PABPC1-interacting motifs PAM1 and PAM2). Interacts with PAIP1 with a 1:1 stoichiometry and with PAIP2 with a 1:2 stoichiometry (By similarity). The interaction with CSDE1 is direct and RNA-independent (PubMed:15314026). Found in a mRNP complex with YBX2 (PubMed:10076007). Interacts with TENT2/GLD2 (PubMed:17927953). Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Identified in a mRNP complex, at least composed of DHX9, DDX3X, ELAVL1, HNRNPU, IGF2BP1, ILF3, PABPC1, PCBP2, PTBP2, STAU1, STAU2, SYNCRIP and YBX1. The interaction with DDX3X is direct and RNA-independent. This interaction increases in stressed cells and decreases during cell recovery. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with NXF1/TAP (By similarity). Interacts with PIWIL1 (PubMed:19020299). Interacts with AGO1, AGO2, GSPT1 and GSPT2. Interacts with LARP4B. Interacts (via the second and third RRM domains and the C-terminus) with PAIP2B (via central acidic portion and C-terminus). Forms a complex with LARP1 and SHFL. Interacts with LARP4. Interacts with ZFC3H1 in a RNase-sensitive manner. Interacts with TRIM71 (via NHL repeats) in an RNA-dependent manner. Interacts with TENT5C; the interaction has no effect on TENT5C poly(A) polymerase function. Interacts with G3BP1 and G3BP2 (By similarity). Interacts with ENDOV; the interaction is RNA-dependent and stimulates ENDOV activity (By similarity). Interacts with UPF1; the interaction is RNA-dependent (By similarity). Interacts with IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3. May interact with SETX.
messages: Methylated by CARM1. Arg-493 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPKAPK2.
messages: Stress granule
messages: The RNA-binding domains RRM1 and RRM2 and the C-terminus (last 138 amino acids) regions interact respectively with the PABPC1-interacting motif-1 (PAM1) and -2 (PAM2) of PAIP1, respectively.
messages: The RNA-binding domains RRM2 and RRM3 and the C-terminus (last 138 amino acids) regions interact with the PABPC1-interacting motif-1 (PAM1) and -2 (PAM2) of PAIP2, respectively.
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Tmem223
gene id: 10090:Tmem223
uniprot id: Q9CQE2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the mitochondrial ribosome.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM223 family.
messages: Mitochondrial ribosome-associated protein involved in the first steps of cytochrome c oxidase complex (complex IV) biogenesis. Stimulates the translation of MT-CO1 mRNA and is a constituent of early MT-CO1 assembly intermediates.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ociad1
gene id: 10090:Ociad1
uniprot id: Q9CRD0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Asrij' stands for 'blood' in Sanskrit as this protein is strongly expressed in blood vessels.
messages: Belongs to the OCIAD1 family.
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed at high levels in the brain and at lower levels in the heart, ovary, testis and kidney. Expression is strongest in embryonic stem cells and in the blood vessels.
messages: Expression is down-regulated as differentiation proceeds in stem cells.
messages: First detected at 6.5 dpc in the primitive streak region of the epiblast and extraembryonic vasculature. Expression in the 8.5 dpc yolk sac is seen within blood islands and the capillary plexus. As embryogenesis proceeds, expression becomes prominent in the blood islands and the primitive blood vessels of the yolk sac. By 8-8.5 dpc, a more generalized expression pattern is seen in the neural folds and caudally in the presomitic mesoderm and primitive streak regions. A definite increase in vascular expression is seen in the embryo by 9.5 dpc. Tissue-specific expression is initially seen from early 9.5 dpc in the anterior-most regions of the head, mainly in the optic vesicle and branchial arches. At 11.5 dpc and 13.5 dpc, strong expression is seen in the embryonic stem cells of the blood vessels, especially in the capillaries of the brain and in the hyaline vasculature of the eye. Weak expression is also seen in the lingual vessels and in the neural crest-derived regions of the jaw. A rapid increase in expression in the trunk is seen between 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc and by 13.5 dpc, expression is more localized. Expression is not detected in the embryonic heart at early 9.5 dpc and from 11.5 dpc onward, increasing expression is seen in the atrium, ventricle, and outflow tracts of the heart.
messages: Interacts with STAT3.
messages: Maintains stem cell potency (PubMed:23972987). Increases STAT3 phosphorylation and controls ERK phosphorylation (PubMed:23972987). May act as a scaffold, increasing STAT3 recruitment onto endosomes (PubMed:23972987).
messages: The OCIA domain is necessary and sufficient for endosomal localization (PubMed:23972987).

10090:Snap25
gene id: 10090:Snap25
uniprot id: P60879
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Targeted and hydrolyzed by C.botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A, botA) which hydrolyzes the 197-Gln-|-Arg-198 bond and inhibits neurotransmitter release (PubMed:8243676, PubMed:8103915).
messages: (Microbial infection) Targeted and hydrolyzed by C.botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E) which hydrolyzes the 180-Arg-|-Ile-181 bond and inhibits neurotransmitter release (PubMed:8243676, PubMed:8103915).
messages: Belongs to the SNAP-25 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the outer nuclear layer of the retina (at protein level).
messages: Palmitoylated. Cys-85 appears to be the main site, and palmitoylation is required for membrane association.
messages: Part of the SNARE core complex containing SNAP25, VAMP2 and STX1A, this complex binds CPLX1 (PubMed:19196426). Found in a complex containing SYT1, SV2B and syntaxin-1 (PubMed:15466855). Found in a ternary complex with STX1A and VAMP8 (PubMed:9731768). Interacts with HSC70 and with SYT9, forming a complex with DNAJC5 (PubMed:20847230). The interaction with SYT9 is inhibited in presence of calcium (PubMed:20847230). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 interact with BLOC1S6 (PubMed:19546860). Interacts with CENPF (PubMed:16672379). Interacts with EQTN (PubMed:19285662). Interacts with HGS (By similarity). Interacts with KCNB1 (via N-terminus); reduces the voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 activity in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity). Interacts with OTOF (PubMed:17055430). Interacts with RIMS1 (By similarity). Interacts with SNAPIN (PubMed:10195194). Interacts with STXBP6 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM9 (By similarity). Interacts with ZDHHC13 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:25253725). Interacts with ZDHHC17 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:25253725). Associates with the BLOC-1 complex (PubMed:19546860). Interacts with PLCL1 (via C2 domain) (PubMed:23341457). Interacts with PRRT2; this interaction may impair the formation of the SNARE complex (PubMed:22832103, PubMed:27052163, PubMed:29056747). Interacts with alpha-synuclein/SNCA (PubMed:20798282). Interacts with PRPH2 (PubMed:26406599). Interacts with ROM1 (PubMed:26406599). Interacts with STX3 isoform 3B (PubMed:26406599).
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: perinuclear region
messages: synaptosome
messages: t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release (PubMed:8243676, PubMed:8103915). May play an important role in the synaptic function of specific neuronal systems. Associates with proteins involved in vesicle docking and membrane fusion. Regulates plasma membrane recycling through its interaction with CENPF (PubMed:16672379). Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 in pancreatic beta cells (By similarity).

10090:Sephs1
gene id: 10090:Sephs1
uniprot id: Q6NZN9
uniprot id: Q6P1B6
uniprot id: Q8BH69
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the selenophosphate synthase 1 family. Class II subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per monomer.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Synthesizes selenophosphate from selenide and ATP.
messages: The conserved active site Cys (or selenocysteine) residue in position 29 is replaced by a Thr. However, as function in selenoprotein synthesis is probable, it is possible Cys-31 is the active site.

10090:Ccrl2
gene id: 10090:Ccrl2
uniprot id: O35457
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: By bacterial lipopolysaccharide in astrocytes.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in macrophages, astrocytes, in glial cells. Constitutively expressed by mast cells. Detected in bronchial epithelium in OVA-induced airway inflammation. Up-regulated during dendritic cell (DC) maturation.
messages: It was initially reported that CCRL2 responds functionally to CCL2, CCL5, CCL7, and CCL8 via intracellular calcium mobilization and transwell chemotaxis although no evidence for a direct ligand-receptor interaction was provided in this report (PubMed:14999816). These results are now controversial and other studies failed to confirm CCRL2 recognition and transwell chemotaxis of these chemokines or a series of other CC- and CXC-chemokines using CCRL2-transfected cells (PubMed:18794339).
messages: Lacks the conserved DRYLAIV motif in the second intracellular loop that is required for signaling of functional chemokine receptors.
messages: No visible phenotype. Deficient-mice have normal numbers of mast cells in all tissues analyzed. Wild-type and deficient mice develop marked local inflammation when sensitized with a high dose of DNP-specific IgE, however deficient mice have significantly reduced IgE-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reactions when lower sensitizing dose is used. Deficient-mice show normal recruitment of circulating DC into the lung, but a defective trafficking of antigen-loaded lung DC to mediastinal lymph nodes. This defect was associated to a reduction in lymph node cellularity and reduced priming of T-helper cell 2 response.
messages: Receptor for CCL19 and chemerin/RARRES2. Does not appear to be a signaling receptor, but may have a role in modulating chemokine-triggered immune responses by capturing and internalizing CCL19 or by presenting RARRES2 ligand to CMKLR1, a functional signaling receptor. Plays a critical role for the development of Th2 responses (By similarity).

10090:Golt1b
gene id: 10090:Golt1b
uniprot id: Q9CR60
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GOT1 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May be involved in fusion of ER-derived transport vesicles with the Golgi complex.

10090:Tppp2
gene id: 10090:Tppp2
uniprot id: Q0P5Y3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TPPP family.
messages: Male subfertility with a significantly decreased sperm count and motility (PubMed:30680919). Sperm shows increased irregular mitochondria lacking lamellar cristae, abnormal expression of electron transfer chain molecules, lower ATP levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased apoptotic index (PubMed:30680919).
messages: Only expressed in male reproductive organs, including testis (PubMed:30680919). Expressed in elongating spermatids at stages IV-VIII of the seminiferous epithelial cycle in testis and in mature sperm in the epididymis (PubMed:30680919).
messages: Probable regulator of microtubule dynamics required for sperm motility (Probable). In contrast to other members of the family, has no microtubule bundling activity (By similarity).
messages: cytosol
messages: flagellum

10090:Vmn1r79
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r79
uniprot id: Q8R285
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp746
gene id: 10090:Zfp746
uniprot id: Q3U133
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via C2H2-type zinc fingers) with PRKN (PubMed:21376232). Interacts with TRIM28 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription repressor that specifically binds to the 5'-TATTTT[T/G]-3' consensus sequence on promoters and repress transcription of PGC-1-alpha (PPARGC1A), thereby playing a role in regulation of neuron death.
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination by PRKN leads to degradation by the proteasome and may play a key role in regulation of neuron death (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. In brain, it is heterogeneously distributed throughout the brain and localizes to neurons, including substantia nigra pars compacta dopamine-containing neurons. Weakly expressed in cerebellum and midbrain (at protein level).

10090:Treml4
gene id: 10090:Treml4
uniprot id: Q3LRV9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Induced by synthetic TLR7 ligand gardiquimod (GRD) in cultured splenic macrophages.
messages: Interacts with TYROBP/DAP12.
messages: No visible phenotype (PubMed:22210914). Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian frequency and are fertile and healthy (PubMed:22210914). In response to gardiquimod (GRD) or Resiquimod (R-848), 2 synthetic TLR7 ligands, levels of TNF, IL12B, IFNB1 and CXCL10 in splenic macrophages and in serum are severely reduced (PubMed:25848864). In response to CpG DNA, a TLR9 ligand, levels of TNF and IL12B but not IFNB1 and CXCL10 are severely reduced (PubMed:25848864). In response to infection with influenza virus (strain A/PuertoRico/8/34 (PR8)) the production of TNF, IL12B, IFNB1 and CXCL10 is severely impaired, the viral load is higher in the lungs, recovery after weight loss and survival are also impaired (PubMed:25848864). No defects in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:25848864). Reduced symptom severity in a mouse model for the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (PubMed:25848864).
messages: Positively regulates Toll-like receptor signaling via TLR7, TLR9 and TLR13 in neutrophils and splenic macrophages (PubMed:25848864). Regulates TLR7 signaling by controlling ligand-induced recruitment of TLR7 from the endoplasmic reticulum to endosomes and lysosomes (PubMed:25848864). Positively regulates Toll-like receptor TLR9-induced production of inflammatory cytokines but is dispensable for IFNB1 production (PubMed:25848864). Involved in the anti-viral response to several viruses including influenza virus, vesicular stomatitis virus and cytomegalovirus (PubMed:25848864). Binds to late apoptotic, and necrotic cells, but not living or early apoptotic cells, but is not essential for uptake of dying cells by dendritic cells (DCs) (PubMed:22210914, PubMed:19155473, PubMed:25848864). Does not bind nucleic acids (PubMed:25848864). May participate in antigen presentation (PubMed:22210914).
messages: Predominantly expressed in spleen, with highest levels on selected populations of macrophages, including red pulp macrophages, and on subsets of dendritic cells (DC), mostly on CD8alpha(+) DC (at protein level) (PubMed:19155473, PubMed:22210914, PubMed:25848864). Also expressed on blood and spleen Ly6C(low) monocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:22210914). Not expressed on lymphocytes or granulocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:19155473, PubMed:22210914).
messages: The cytoplasmic tail appears to be dispensable for TLR7-mediated signaling.

10090:Wdr74
gene id: 10090:Wdr74
uniprot id: Q8VCG3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expressed at low levels in MII oocytes and 1-cell embryos and increases through subsequent cleavage stage divisions. The peak of mRNA expression occurs at the morula stage, with a slight decrease in blastocyst embryos.
messages: Isoform 1 interacts (through WDR repeats) with NVL; the interaction is independent of RNA or pre-60S ribosome particles. Isoform 2 does not interact with NVL. Interacts with MTREX; the interaction dissociation in a late stage of rRNA synthesis is required for appropriate maturation of pre-60S particles and depends on the ATPase activity of NVL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory protein of the MTREX-exosome complex involved in the synthesis of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Participates in an early cleavage of the pre-rRNA processing pathway in cooperation with NVL (By similarity). Required for blastocyst formation, is necessary for RNA transcription, processing and/or stability during preimplantation development (PubMed:21799883).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Apol7e
gene id: 10090:Apol7e
uniprot id: Q3UZ24
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.

10090:Psmd2
gene id: 10090:Psmd2
uniprot id: Q3TKV1
uniprot id: Q8VDM4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the proteasome subunit S2 family.
messages: Binds to the intracellular domain of tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor. The binding domain of TRAP1 and TRAP2 resides outside the death domain of TNFR1.
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP).
messages: Component of the 19S proteasome regulatory particle complex. The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S core particle (CP) and two 19S regulatory subunits (RP). The regulatory particle is made of a lid composed of 9 subunits, a base containing 6 ATPases and few additional components including PSMD2 (By similarity). Interacts with RPGRIP1L (PubMed:26150391). Interacts with CRY1 in a KDM8-dependent manner (PubMed:30500822).
messages: Component of the 26S proteasome, a multiprotein complex involved in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This complex plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins, which could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Therefore, the proteasome participates in numerous cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, or DNA damage repair.

10090:Aldh1a7
gene id: 10090:Aldh1a7
uniprot id: B2RTL5
uniprot id: O35945
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.
messages: Can oxidize benzaldehyde, propionaldehyde and acetaldehyde (By similarity). No detectable activity with retinal.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highest level in liver, high level in lung, low level in kidney and testis.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Xenopus embryos injected with Aldh1a7 mRNA failed to produce retinoic acid in contrast to embryos injected with Aldh1a1.

10090:Mb21d2
gene id: 10090:Mb21d2
uniprot id: D3Z742
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the mab-21 family.

10090:1700125H20Rik
gene id: 10090:1700125H20Rik
uniprot id: Q9D979
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exclusively expressed in testes.
messages: May play a role in regulation of apoptosis.
messages: The CHD1 helical C-terminal domain (CHCT) may bind DNA and nucleosomes.

10090:Vmn1r73
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r73
uniprot id: Q8R293
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dgcr8
gene id: 10090:Dgcr8
uniprot id: Q9EQM6
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 heme group per homodimer.
messages: Component of the microprocessor complex that acts as a RNA- and heme-binding protein that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis (PubMed:17259983). Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA-ssRNA junction and directs DROSHA to cleave 11 bp away form the junction to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. The heme-bound DGCR8 dimer binds pri-miRNAs as a cooperative trimer (of dimers) and is active in triggering pri-miRNA cleavage, whereas the heme-free DGCR8 monomer binds pri-miRNAs as a dimer and is much less active. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for its binding. Specifically recognizes and binds N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing pri-miRNAs, a modification required for pri-miRNAs processing (By similarity). Involved in the silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal (PubMed:17259983).
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem cells. During embryo development it is expressed in neuroepithelium of primary brain, limb bud, vessels, thymus, and around the palate.
messages: Monomer; in absence of heme (By similarity). Homodimer; the association with heme promotes its dimerization (By similarity). Component of the microprocessor complex, or pri-miRNA processing protein complex, which is composed of DROSHA and DGCR8 (PubMed:26255770). The microprocessor complex is a heterotrimer; each of the two DROSHA RNase III domains binds one DGCR8 (via C-terminal region) (By similarity). Interacts with ILF3, NCL and DROSHA (By similarity). Interacts with CPSF3 and ISY1; this interaction is in an RNA dependent manner (PubMed:26255770). Interacts with PUS10; interaction promotes pri-miRNAs processing (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Stk35
gene id: 10090:Stk35
uniprot id: Q80ZW0
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PDLIM1/CLP-36.
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cuzd1
gene id: 10090:Cuzd1
uniprot id: P70412
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: First detected in uterus 6 days prior to birth, increases daily to reach maximum levels 3 days before birth, abruptly decreases during the last 3 days of pregnancy and is almost undetectable by the first day after birth.
messages: Highly expressed in pancreatic acinar cells. Also expressed in epithelium of the uterus during late pregnancy but not detected in non-pregnant uterus or in a variety of other adult and fetal tissues.
messages: Localized to zymogen granules, where it functions in trypsinogen activation (PubMed:12401800). May indirectly regulate cell motility, cell-cell and cell/extracellular matrix interactions (By similarity).
messages: Mice display increased severity of secretagogue- and diet-induced pancreatitis which seems to be due to impaired activation of trypsin.
messages: Zymogen granule membrane

10090:Atp6v0a4
gene id: 10090:Atp6v0a4
uniprot id: Q3UP55
uniprot id: Q920R6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the V-ATPase 116 kDa subunit family.
messages: Essential component of the vacuolar proton pump (V-ATPase), a multimeric enzyme that catalyzes the translocation of protons across the membranes. Required for assembly and activity of the V-ATPase.
messages: Membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in kidney, but not in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, muscle, or testis. Distribution within the kidney appears more widespread than that seen in man. High intensity staining at the surface of intercalated cells, with additional expression in the proximal tubule.
messages: Subunit of the V0 complex of vacuolar(H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit enzyme composed of a peripheral complex (V1) that hydrolyzes ATP and a membrane integral complex (V0) that translocates protons (By similarity). V-ATPase is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments and in some cell types, is targeted to the plasma membrane, where it is responsible for acidifying the extracellular environment (By similarity). Involved in normal vectorial acid transport into the urine by the kidney (By similarity).
messages: V-ATPase is a heteromultimeric enzyme made up of two complexes: the ATP-hydrolytic V1 complex and the proton translocation V0 complex (By similarity). The V1 complex consists of three catalytic AB heterodimers that form a heterohexamer, three peripheral stalks each consisting of EG heterodimers, one central rotor including subunits D and F, and the regulatory subunits C and H (By similarity). The proton translocation complex V0 consists of the proton transport subunit a, a ring of proteolipid subunits c9c'', rotary subunit d, subunits e and f, and the accessory subunits ATP6AP1/Ac45 and ATP6AP2/PRR (By similarity). Interacts with the V1 complex V-ATPase subunit A ATP6V1A (PubMed:11498539). Interacts with the V0 complex V-ATPase subunit c ATP6V0C (PubMed:11498539).

10090:Ap1g2
gene id: 10090:Ap1g2
uniprot id: O88512
uniprot id: Q3U9D1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May function in protein sorting in late endosomes or multivesucular bodies (MVBs). Involved in MVB-assisted maturation of hepatitis B virus (HBV).
messages: May interact with AP1S1/Sigma1A-adaptin and AP1S2/Sigma1B-adaptin (By similarity). Probably does not interact with APB1 (By similarity). Interacts (via GAE domain) with RABEP1, NECAP1, CLINT1 and AFTPH/aftiphilin (By similarity). Interacts with HBV major surface antigen L. Interacts with HBV core protein C in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. Binds ubiquitin.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Id4
gene id: 10090:Id4
uniprot id: P41139
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Expressed in a circadian manner in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain with peak levels between CT16 and CT20.
messages: Heterodimer with other HLH proteins.
messages: Mice do not exhibit a noticeable circadian phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator (lacking a basic DNA binding domain) which negatively regulates the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors by forming heterodimers and inhibiting their DNA binding and transcriptional activity. Implicated in regulating a variety of cellular processes, including cellular growth, senescence, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and neoplastic transformation.

10090:Gja6
gene id: 10090:Gja6
uniprot id: A0A654ID52
uniprot id: Q6S5G4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: gap junction

10090:Tdpoz7
gene id: 10090:Tdpoz7
uniprot id: E0CYU8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.

10090:Ctdp1
gene id: 10090:Ctdp1
uniprot id: Q7TSG2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with GTF2F1 (By similarity). Interacts with WDR77, SNRPB and SNRNP70 (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. In the presence of TFIIF, the phosphorylated form has an increased CTD phosphatase activity. The phosphorylation is required for the physical interaction with GTF2F1 (By similarity).
messages: Processively dephosphorylates 'Ser-2' and 'Ser-5' of the heptad repeats YSPTSPS in the C-terminal domain of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit. This promotes the activity of RNA polymerase II. Plays a role in the exit from mitosis by dephosphorylating crucial mitotic substrates (USP44, CDC20 and WEE1) that are required for M-phase-promoting factor (MPF)/CDK1 inactivation (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Serpinb8
gene id: 10090:Serpinb8
uniprot id: O08800
uniprot id: Q8C871
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has an important role in epithelial desmosome-mediated cell-cell adhesion.

10090:Olfr846
gene id: 10090:Olfr846
uniprot id: Q8VET8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tcea2
gene id: 10090:Tcea2
uniprot id: Q810R3
uniprot id: Q9QVN7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TFS-II family.
messages: Expressed in testicular germ cells during and after meiosis in the course of spermatogenesis, while it is not expressed in premeiotic or early meiotic testicular germ cells.
messages: Interacts with the basal transcription factor GTF2B. Interacts with REXO1 (By similarity).
messages: Necessary for efficient RNA polymerase II transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites. The arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by S-II allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'-terminus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis and ovary specific. Specific to testicular germ cells.

10090:Pcdhga5
gene id: 10090:Pcdhga5
uniprot id: Q91XY3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Msr1
gene id: 10090:Msr1
uniprot id: P30204
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homotrimer (PubMed:8394868). Interacts with MYO18A (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane glycoproteins implicated in the pathologic deposition of cholesterol in arterial walls during atherogenesis. Two types of receptor subunits exist. These receptors mediate the endocytosis of a diverse group of macromolecules, including modified low density lipoproteins (LDL).

10090:Ercc2
gene id: 10090:Ercc2
uniprot id: O08811
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-dependent 5'-3' DNA helicase, component of the general transcription and DNA repair factor IIH (TFIIH) core complex, which is involved in general and transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (NER) of damaged DNA and, when complexed to CAK, in RNA transcription by RNA polymerase II. In NER, TFIIH acts by opening DNA around the lesion to allow the excision of the damaged oligonucleotide and its replacement by a new DNA fragment. The ATP-dependent helicase activity of XPD/ERCC2 is required for DNA opening. In transcription, TFIIH has an essential role in transcription initiation. When the pre-initiation complex (PIC) has been established, TFIIH is required for promoter opening and promoter escape. Phosphorylation of the C-terminal tail (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II by the kinase module CAK controls the initiation of transcription. XPD/ERCC2 acts by forming a bridge between CAK and the core-TFIIH complex. Involved in the regulation of vitamin-D receptor activity. As part of the mitotic spindle-associated MMXD complex it plays a role in chromosome segregation. Might have a role in aging process and could play a causative role in the generation of skin cancers.
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RAD3/XPD subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Component of the 7-subunit TFIIH core complex composed of XPB/ERCC3, XPD/ERCC2, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GTF2H3, GTF2H4 and GTF2H5, which is active in NER. The core complex associates with the 3-subunit CDK-activating kinase (CAK) module composed of CCNH/cyclin H, CDK7 and MNAT1 to form the 10-subunit holoenzyme (holo-TFIIH) active in transcription. The interaction with GTF2H2 results in the stimulation of the 5'-->3' helicase activity. Component of the MMXD complex, which includes CIAO1, ERCC2, CIAO2B, MMS19 and SLC25A5. Interacts with CIAO1 and CIAO2B; the interaction WITH CIAO2B is direct. Interacts with ATF7IP. Interacts directly with MMS19.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Nucleus
messages: spindle

10090:Pou4f1
gene id: 10090:Pou4f1
uniprot id: P17208
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Able to act as transcription factor, cannot regulate the expression of the same subset of genes than isoform 1 (PubMed:12934100). Does not have antiapoptotic effect on neuronal cells (PubMed:9722627).
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-4 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in mature osteoclasts (at protein level) (PubMed:17668438). Brain, peripheral sensory nervous system and retina (PubMed:8162704). In the adult nervous system, predominates in the medial habenula, superficial gray of the superior colliculus, red nucleus, mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal ganglion, nucleus ambiguus, inferior olivary nucleus, and peripheral sensory ganglia (PubMed:8290353).
messages: Expressed in the spinal cord from 11 dpc to the adult stage (PubMed:8290353). As early as 10.5 dpc to 15.5 dpc, strongly expressed in all dorsal root ganglion neurons (PubMed:22326227). In retinal ganglion cells, expression starts at 15.5 dpc and exhibits a slow decrease with moderate levels detectable at P8 (PubMed:8637595).
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with RIT2; the interaction controls POU4F1 transactivation activity on some neuronal target genes (PubMed:12934100). Isoform 1 interacts with POU4F2 isoform 2; this interaction inhibits both POU4F1 DNA-binding and transcriptional activities (PubMed:8537352). Isoform 1 interacts (C-terminus) with ESR1 (via DNA-binding domain); this interaction decreases the estrogen receptor ESR1 transcriptional activity in a DNA- and ligand 17-beta-estradiol-independent manner (PubMed:9448000).
messages: Multifunctional transcription factor with different regions mediating its different effects (PubMed:10640682, PubMed:8621561, PubMed:9694219, PubMed:9722627). Acts by binding (via its C-terminal domain) to sequences related to the consensus octamer motif 5'-ATGCAAAT-3' in the regulatory regions of its target genes (PubMed:8621561, PubMed:17668438). Regulates the expression of specific genes involved in differentiation and survival within a subset of neuronal lineages. It has been shown that activation of some of these genes requires its N-terminal domain, maybe through a neuronal-specific cofactor (PubMed:12934100). Ativates BCL2 expression and protects neuronal cells from apoptosis (via the N-terminal domain) (PubMed:9722627). Induces neuronal process outgrowth and the coordinate expression of genes encoding synaptic proteins (PubMed:8972215). Exerts its major developmental effects in somatosensory neurons and in brainstem nuclei involved in motor control. Stimulates the binding affinity of the nuclear estrogene receptor ESR1 to DNA estrogen response element (ERE), and hence modulates ESR1-induced transcriptional activity (PubMed:9448000). May positively regulate POU4F2 and POU4F3 (PubMed:8876243). Regulates dorsal root ganglion sensory neuron specification and axonal projection into the spinal cord (PubMed:22326227). Plays a role in TNFSF11-mediated terminal osteoclast differentiation (PubMed:17668438). Negatively regulates its own expression interacting directly with a highly conserved autoregulatory domain surrounding the transcription initiation site (PubMed:12441296).
messages: Mutants have defective suckling and uncoordinated limb and trunk movements, leading to early postnatal death. They show a loss of neurons in the trigerminal ganglia, the medial habenula, the red nucleus and the caudal region of the inferior olivary nucleus (PubMed:8876243). Mutant dorsal root ganglions are defective in sensory neuron specification, and sensory afferent axons fail to form normal trajectories in the spinal cord (PubMed:22326227).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain is able to act as both DNA-binding domain and a transcriptional activator. The N-terminal domain is also required for transactivation activity on some target genes acting as a discrete activation domain (PubMed:8621561, PubMed:9722627). Neurite outgrowth and expression of genes required for synapse formation are primarily dependent on the C-terminal domain, however the N-terminal domain is required for maximal induction (PubMed:8972215).
messages: Up-regulated by the osteoclast differentiation factor TNFSF11 (PubMed:17668438).

10090:Pik3c2g
gene id: 10090:Pik3c2g
uniprot id: O70167
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: Expressed predominantly in liver. Also found in kidney, lung and lymphoid tissue. Down-regulated in BeF3 cells expressing the BCR-ABL oncogene p185.
messages: Generates phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) that act as second messengers (PubMed:9514948). May play a role in SDF1A-stimulated chemotaxis.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tcf12
gene id: 10090:Tcf12
uniprot id: Q61286
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed during development of the central nervous system, in particular in proliferating neuroblasts and in cells at the initial stages of differentiation. Also expressed at high levels in morphogenetically active regions such as limb buds, somites and mesonephric tubules. Expression decreases once cellular differentiation is over.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Forms homo- or heterooligomers with myogenin, E12 and ITF2 proteins and RUNX1T1 (By similarity). Interacts with PTF1A. Interacts with NEUROD2. Interacts with BHLHA9.
messages: Mice are smaller than their wild-type littermates and fail to thrive 14 days after birth.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Activates transcription by binding to the E box (5'-CANNTG-3') (PubMed:18214987). May be involved in the functional network that regulates the development of the GnRH axis (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Agr2
gene id: 10090:Agr2
uniprot id: O88312
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AGR family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in embryo at 15 dpc onwards.
messages: Expressed in lung, skeletal muscle, testis, liver, stomach, colon, small intestine, the goblet cells of the intestine and the mucuous neck cells of the stomach.
messages: Mice are viable but display altered production of mucus with loss of production of MUC2 despite expression of its mRNA. They also display an increase in mast cells in the intestine, an increased expression of inflammation-specific genes, and frequent rectal prolapse. This is associated with a higher susceptibility to colitis.
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with LYPD3 and DAG1 (alphaDAG1). Interacts with MUC2; disulfide-linked.
messages: Required for MUC2 post-transcriptional synthesis and secretion. May play a role in the production of mucus by intestinal cells. Proto-oncogene that may play a role in cell migration, cell differentiation and cell growth (By similarity). Promotes cell adhesion (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Ifi206
gene id: 10090:Ifi206
uniprot id: G3UZV2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the HIN-200 family.

10090:Slc8a1
gene id: 10090:Slc8a1
uniprot id: A0A3Q4EBU5
uniprot id: G3X9J1
uniprot id: P70414
uniprot id: Q27PY9
uniprot id: Q68FL0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by micromolar levels of Ca(2+).
messages: At 9.5 dpc, expression is restricted to the embryonic heart, and is not detectable in any other part of the body.
messages: Belongs to the Ca(2+):cation antiporter (CaCA) (TC 2.A.19) family. SLC8 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Complete embryonic lethality at about 9.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc, mutant embryos display strongly decreased body size, an absence of blood vessels in the vitelline sac, and defective heart beat. Contrary to wild type hearts that show regular contractions, about 70% of the mutants have no spontaneous contractions of the heart, and the remainder show only very slow and arrhythmic heart contractions. Mutant hearts have thinner ventricles, contain fewer cardiac myocytes, and display an increased number of apoptotic cells. Mutant hearts do not show fast Ca(2+) transients and display lack of sodium/calcium exchange activity. In mutant hearts, caffeine stimulates normal release of intracellular Ca(2+) stores from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm, but the subsequent decrease of the high cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels is impaired (PubMed:10967099). At 9.5 dpc, embryonic cardiomyocytes show severe disorganization of the myofibrils and swollen mitochondria (PubMed:12781968).
messages: Detected in heart, kidney and brain (at protein level).
messages: Mediates the exchange of one Ca(2+) ion against three to four Na(+) ions across the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels and Ca(2+)-dependent cellular processes (PubMed:8659820). Contributes to Ca(2+) transport during excitation-contraction coupling in muscle (PubMed:8659820). In a first phase, voltage-gated channels mediate the rapid increase of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels due to release of Ca(2+) stores from the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:8659820). SLC8A1 mediates the export of Ca(2+) from the cell during the next phase, so that cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels rapidly return to baseline (PubMed:10967099). Required for normal embryonic heart development and the onset of heart contractions (PubMed:10967099).
messages: Membrane
messages: The cytoplasmic Calx-beta domains bind the regulatory Ca(2+). The first Calx-beta domain can bind up to four Ca(2+) ions. The second domain can bind another two Ca(2+) ions that are essential for calcium-regulated ion exchange.

10090:P2rx3
gene id: 10090:P2rx3
uniprot id: Q3UR32
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the P2X receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity). Functional P2XRs are organized as homomeric and heteromeric trimers (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated cation channel (By similarity). Plays a role in sensory perception (PubMed:15961431, PubMed:16322458). Required for normal perception of pain (PubMed:15961431). Required for normal taste perception (PubMed:16322458).
messages: Simultaneous knockout of P2rx2 and P2rx3 results in reduced pain-related behaviors in response to intraplantar injection of formalin and reduced urinary bladder reflexes and decreased pelvic afferent nerve activity in response to bladder distension. Neurons have minimal to no response to ATP (PubMed:15961431). Simultaneous knockout of P2rx2 and P2rx3 results in defects in taste responses in the taste nerves and reduced behavioral responses to sweeteners, glutamate and bitter substances (PubMed:16322458).

10090:Bmp15
gene id: 10090:Bmp15
uniprot id: Q9Z0L4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). But, in contrast to other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked.
messages: May be involved in follicular development. Oocyte-specific growth/differentiation factor that stimulates folliculogenesis and granulosa cell (GC) growth (By similarity).
messages: Ovary specific.
messages: Secreted

10090:Perp
gene id: 10090:Perp
uniprot id: Q9JK95
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM47 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Plays a role in stratified epithelial integrity and cell-cell adhesion by promoting desmosome assembly. Plays a role as an effector in the TP53-dependent apoptotic pathway.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit postnatal lethality and defects in stratified epithelia.
messages: Expressed in developing skin during and after the stratification process from 9.5 to 15.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in ectoderm of the developing branchial arches and limb buds from the 9.5 to 10.5 dpc. Expressed in epithelia of the oral mucosa and skin from the 16.5 to 18.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in the stratified squamous skin epithelium of the skin and the tongue, but not in simple epithelia (at protein level). Expressed in apoptotic cells.
messages: Plays a role as an effector in the TP53-dependent apoptotic pathway.
messages: Up-regulated by UV irradiation, doxorubicin (DOX) and TP53 in embryo fibroblasts.
messages: desmosome

10090:Zswim7
gene id: 10090:Zswim7
uniprot id: Q9CWQ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SWS1 family.
messages: Interacts with RAD51D and XRCC3; involved in homologous recombination repair. Interacts with SWSAP1; they form a functional complex involved in homologous recombination repair and stabilize each other (By similarity).
messages: Involved in early stages of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway of double-stranded DNA breaks arising during DNA replication or induced by DNA-damaging agents (By similarity). Required for meiotic progression, hence for fertility (PubMed:33713115).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nkx2-6
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-6
uniprot id: P43688
uniprot id: Q9CVN3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator (By similarity). In conjunction with NKX2-5, may play a role in both pharyngeal and cardiac embryonic development (PubMed:10733590, PubMed:11390666).
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in developing gut endoderm, cardiac progenitors and heart. Expression restricted to the very narrow development period between stages 8.0 and 11.5 dpc. First detected at 8.0 dpc in the endoderm of the lateral walls and lip of the forming foregut pocket, directly juxtaposed to cardiogenic mesoderm. At 8.5 dpc, expressed in the forming pharynx, predominantly in its lateral aspects where pouches will form. From 8.5 to 11.5 dpc, expressed in the ventrolateral endoderm of all forming pouches, as well as in juxtaposed arch ectoderm and mesenchyme. Expression levels decrease as pouches matured. Also expressed in the ventral hindgut endoderm from 9.5 dpc and in a short segment at the foregut-midgut junction spanning the proximal parts of the common bile and pancreatic ducts.
messages: No visible phenotype; possibly due to the redundancy with NKX2-6. Mutant mice are viable and fertile. No obvious abnormalities in the caudal pharyngeal pouch derivatives (thymus, parathyroid glands, and thyroid gland), heart and gut. In NKX2-5 and NKX2-6 double mutants, the pharynx does not form properly and the development of the atrium is less advanced.
messages: Not detected in any neonate or adult tissues.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Itgb7
gene id: 10090:Itgb7
uniprot id: P26011
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the integrin beta chain family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Beta-7 associates with either alpha-4 or alpha-E. Interacts with FLNA (via filamin repeats 4, 9, 12, 17, 19, 21, and 23).
messages: Integrin alpha-4/beta-7 (Peyer patches-specific homing receptor LPAM-1) is involved in adhesive interactions of leukocytes. It is a receptor for fibronectin and recognizes one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 region of fibronectin. Integrin alpha-4/beta-7 is also a receptor for MADCAM1 and VCAM1. It recognizes the sequence L-D-T in MADCAM1. Integrin alpha-E/beta-7 is a receptor for E-cadherin.
messages: Membrane

10090:Inpp5e
gene id: 10090:Inpp5e
uniprot id: Q9JII1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice display signs of ciliopathies including prenatal and perinatal lethality, polycystic kidneys, arrest of eye development, abnormalities in primary cilia, cerebral developmental defects, and skeletal defects.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in testis, in pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes, but not in more mature elongating spermatids. Detected in neurons throughout the brain.
messages: Interacts (when prenylated) with PDE6D; this is important for normal location in cilia.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphatase that specifically hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3), phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Specific for lipid substrates, inactive towards water soluble inositol phosphates. Specific for lipid substrates, inactive towards water soluble inositol phosphates (By similarity) (PubMed:10806194). Plays an essential role in the primary cilium by controlling ciliary growth and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling and stability (PubMed:19668215).
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: ruffle

10090:Scoc
gene id: 10090:Scoc
uniprot id: Q78YZ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCOC family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ARL1, ARL2 and ARL3. Directly interacts with FEZ1 and UVRAG. The interaction with UVRAG is reduced by amino acid starvation, but the complex is stabilized in the presence of FEZ1. Interacts with NRBF2.
messages: Positive regulator of amino acid starvation-induced autophagy.
messages: cytosol
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Tshz3
gene id: 10090:Tshz3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J017
uniprot id: Q8CGV9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the teashirt C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in branchio and viscero motoneurons at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the nucleus ambiguus (nA) motoneurons at 15.5 dpc. Expressed in the brainstem respiratory rhythm generator (RRG), including two interacting neuronal networks constituting two oscillators: the pre-Boetzinger complex (preBoetC) at 15.5 dpc and the embryonic parafacial respiratory group (e-pF or pFRG) at 14.4 dpc, that contributes both to motor coordination of the respiratory apparatus and confers central chemosensitivity, as well as in cranial motoneurons targeting chest muscles that control the upper airway opening. Expressed in the developing urinary tract. Expressed in ureteric bud (UB) stalk at 11.5 dpc. Expressed in mesenchymal cells along and around the UB stalk, and absent from the UB epithelium and in scattered cells within the metanephric medullary stroma at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in mesenchymal cells in proximal ureters at 14 dpc, preceding the smooth muscle precursor cells differentiation and the expression of contractile proteins from 15 dpc. Expressed in mesenchymal cells of the ureter and renal pelvis, and in renal medullary stroma, in the mesenchymal cells adjacent to the epithelium and in the peripheral mesenchyme where smooth muscle (SM) starts to differentiate; the outer rim of nephrogenic mesenchyme was negative at 15.5. In the bladder, expressed in the submucosal loose connective tissue adjacent to the epithelium and in the detrusor SM layer at 18.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed in corticostriatal neurons.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with HDAC1 and HDAC2; the interaction is direct. Found in a trimeric complex with APBB1 and HDAC1; the interaction between HDAC1 and APBB1 is mediated by TSHZ3 (By similarity). Interacts (via homeobox domain) with APBB1 (via PID domain 1).
messages: Mice fail to breathe and die at birth. Display pronounced cell death of motoneurons in the nucleus ambiguus and induce strong alterations of rhythmogenesis in the embryonic parafacial respiratory group (e-pF or pFRG) oscillator and cranial motoneurons that control the upper airways. Mice also fail to form small smooth cells in the proximal ureter and urine flow is impaired because of functional obstruction caused by absent peristalsis in the proximal ureter that leads to hydronephrosis and hydroureter phenotypes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator involved in developmental processes. Functions in association with APBB1, SET and HDAC factors as a transcriptional repressor, that inhibits the expression of CASP4. TSHZ3-mediated transcription repression involves the recruitment of histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2. Associates with chromatin in a region surrounding the CASP4 transcriptional start site(s). Regulates the development of neurons involved in both respiratory rhythm and airflow control. Promotes maintenance of nucleus ambiguus (nA) motoneurons, which govern upper airway function, and establishes a respiratory rhythm generator (RRG) activity compatible with survival at birth. Involved in the differentiation of the proximal uretic smooth muscle cells during developmental processes. Involved in the up-regulation of myocardin, that directs the expression of smooth muscle cells in the proximal ureter. Involved in the modulation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission and long-term synaptic potentiation (PubMed:27668656).
messages: Up-regulated by BMP4.
messages: growth cone

10090:Vmn2r97
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r97
uniprot id: K7N6Z2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Batf3
gene id: 10090:Batf3
uniprot id: Q9D275
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AP-1 family transcription factor that controls the differentiation of CD8(+) thymic conventional dendritic cells in the immune system. Acts via the formation of a heterodimer with JUN family proteins that recognizes and binds DNA sequence 5'-TGA[CG]TCA-3' and regulates expression of target genes. Required for development of CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and related CD103(+) dendritic cells that cross-present antigens to CD8 T-cells and produce interleukin-12 (IL12) in response to pathogens.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with JUN family proteins. Interacts with JUN.
messages: Highly expressed in CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs), with low to absent expression in other immune cells and non-immune tissues.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Selective loss of CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD103(+) dendritic cells, without abnormalities in other hematopoietic cell types or architecture. Dendritic cells are defective in cross-presentation, and mice lack virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses to West Nile virus. Mice also show reduced priming of CD8 T-cells after pulmonary Sendai virus infection, with increased pulmonary inflammation. Mice are extremely susceptible to T.gondii infection, with decreased production of interleukin-12 (IL12) and interferon-gamma. In contrast, mice are more resistant to L.monocytogenes infection.
messages: The increased protection toward L.monocytogenes infection in mice lacking Batf3 suggests that CD8-alpha(+) classical dendritic cells (cDCs) and CD103(+) dendritic cells are an entry point for infection by L.monocytogenes.

10090:Unc45b
gene id: 10090:Unc45b
uniprot id: Q8CGY6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A band
messages: Acts as a co-chaperone for HSP90 and is required for proper folding of the myosin motor domain. Plays a role in sarcomere formation during muscle cell development (PubMed:12356907, PubMed:18326487, PubMed:18478096). Is necessary for normal early lens development (By similarity).
messages: Detected in fusing myoblasts during muscle cell differentiation. Highly expressed in young myotubes that are in the process of assembling and remodeling myofibrils. Subsequently, levels decrease during myotube maturation.
messages: Highly expressed in adult skeletal muscle and heart. Detected at intermediate levels in lung. Highly expressed in embryonic heart.
messages: Interacts with HSP90 in an ATP-independent manner (PubMed:18326487, PubMed:18478096). Interacts with UBE4B; the interaction may target UNC45B for proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Z line
messages: cytosol
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ear1
gene id: 10090:Ear1
uniprot id: P97426
uniprot id: Q53ZF0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity. Possesses a wide variety of biological activities (By similarity).

10090:4430402I18Rik
gene id: 10090:4430402I18Rik
uniprot id: B2RV46
uniprot id: F6UU42
uniprot id: Q8BI12
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPATA6 family.

10090:Cyp11b2
gene id: 10090:Cyp11b2
uniprot id: G3UWE4
uniprot id: P15539
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of adrenal mineralocorticoid aldosterone. Catalyzes three sequential oxidative reactions of 11-deoxycorticosterone/21-hydroxyprogesterone, namely 11-beta hydroxylation followed with two successive oxidations at C18 to yield 18-hydroxy and then 18-aldehyde derivatives, resulting in the formation of aldosterone. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Ubtfl1
gene id: 10090:Ubtfl1
uniprot id: Q3USZ2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential for proliferation of the inner cell mass and trophectodermal cells in peri-implantation development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptionally activated at the 2-cell stage, peaks at the 4-cell stage and then gradually decreased until the blastocyst stage. The protein is detected from the 4-cell stage until the blastocyst stage. In blastocysts, expressed both by inner cell mass and trophectodermal cells (at protein level). Not detected in post-implentation, neither in fetal, nor adult tissues.

10090:Ctcf
gene id: 10090:Ctcf
uniprot id: Q61164
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CTCF zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Chromatin binding factor that binds to DNA sequence specific sites. Involved in transcriptional regulation by binding to chromatin insulators and preventing interaction between promoter and nearby enhancers and silencers. Acts as transcriptional repressor binding to promoters of vertebrate MYC gene and BAG1 gene. Also binds to the PLK and PIM1 promoters. Acts as a transcriptional activator of APP. Regulates APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and controls MHC class II gene expression. Plays an essential role in oocyte and preimplantation embryo development by activating or repressing transcription. Seems to act as tumor suppressor. Plays a critical role in the epigenetic regulation. Participates in the allele-specific gene expression at the imprinted IGF2/H19 gene locus. On the maternal allele, binding within the H19 imprinting control region (ICR) mediates maternally inherited higher-order chromatin conformation to restrict enhancer access to IGF2. Plays a critical role in gene silencing over considerable distances in the genome. Preferentially interacts with unmethylated DNA, preventing spreading of CpG methylation and maintaining methylation-free zones. Inversely, binding to target sites is prevented by CpG methylation. Plays an important role in chromatin remodeling. Can dimerize when it is bound to different DNA sequences, mediating long-range chromatin looping (By similarity). Mediates interchromosomal association between IGF2/H19 and WSB1/NF1 and may direct distant DNA segments to a common transcription factory. Causes local loss of histone acetylation and gain of histone methylation in the beta-globin locus, without affecting transcription. When bound to chromatin, it provides an anchor point for nucleosomes positioning. Seems to be essential for homologous X-chromosome pairing. May participate with Tsix in establishing a regulatable epigenetic switch for X chromosome inactivation. May play a role in preventing the propagation of stable methylation at the escape gen…
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with CHD8 (PubMed:16949368). Interacts with LLPH (PubMed:26961175). Interacts with CENPE (By similarity).
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-74 and Lys-698; sumoylation of CTCF contributes to the repressive function of CTCF on the MYC P2 promoter.
messages: centromere
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Mxi1
gene id: 10090:Mxi1
uniprot id: P50540
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Binds DNA as a heterodimer with MAX. Interacts with SMC3. Interacts with RNF17.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Primarily expressed in differentiating cells. Also expressed in the proliferating cells of the developing CNS and the epidermis. In the spinal cord at embryonic day 10.5, expressed in the ventricular zone of the neural tube. Expressed at highest levels in cells accumulating in the intermediate zone. At 11.5 and 12.5 dpc, highly expressed in the intermediate zone and at reduced levels in the ventricular zone that mostly persists in the dorsal part of the neural tube. At 14.5 dpc, expressed throughout the spinal cord. In the developing epidermis at 14.5 dpc, found in the dorsal lateral epidermis. At 17 dpc, expression is restricted not only to the differentiating cells of the epidermis but also to the proliferating cell compartment and expression extends into the first differentiating cell layers, but decreases in the uppermost layers of the epidermis.
messages: Transcriptional repressor. MXI1 binds with MAX to form a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein complex which recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. MXI1 thus antagonizes MYC transcriptional activity by competing for MAX. Isoform Short, which lacks a segment, has a much stronger suppressive potential and associates with a SIN3 homologous protein.

10090:Kat5
gene id: 10090:Kat5
uniprot id: A0A494BAP7
uniprot id: Q3UJQ1
uniprot id: Q8CHK4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acyltransferase and acetyltransferase activities are activated by phosphorylation and autoacetylation (PubMed:22539723). Autoacetylation activates the histone acetyltransferase activity (By similarity).
messages: Autoacetylated (By similarity). Autoacetylation is required for histone acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Autoacetylation at Lys-327 is facilitated by interaction with EP300/p300: it prevents ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome and promotes acetylation of target proteins (By similarity). Deacetylated by HDAC3 and SIRT1 (By similarity). Deacetylation by HDAC3 promotes its ubiquitination and cytoplasmic localization (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the MYST (SAS/MOZ) family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex, a multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H2A and H4 (PubMed:28694333, PubMed:30297459, PubMed:32542325). Histone acetylation alters nucleosome-DNA interactions and promotes interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription (By similarity). The NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex is required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair (PubMed:17728759). The NuA4 complex plays a direct role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by promoting homologous recombination (HR): the complex inhibits TP53BP1 binding to chromatin via MBTD1, which recognizes and binds histone H4 trimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me), and KAT5 that catalyzes acetylation of 'Lys-15' of histone H2A (H2AK15ac), thereby blocking the ubiquitination mark required for TP53BP1 localization at DNA breaks (PubMed:30297459). Also involved in DSB repair by mediating acetylation of 'Lys-5' of histone H2AX (H2AXK5ac), promoting NBN/NBS1 assembly at the sites of DNA damage (By similarity). The NuA4 complex plays a key role in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and is required to maintain acetylated H2A.Z/H2AZ1 at MYC target genes (PubMed:32542325). The NuA4 complex is also required for spermatid development by promoting acetylation of histones: histone hyperacetylation is required for histone replacement during the transition from round to elongating spermatids (PubMed:28694333). Component of a SWR1-like complex that specifically mediates the removal of histone H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome (By similarity). Also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as BMAL1, ATM, AURKB, CHKA, CGAS, ERCC4/XPF, LPIN1, NDC80/HEC1, NR1D2, RAN, SOX4, FOXP3, ULK1 and RUBCNL…
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which contains the catalytic subunit KAT5/TIP60 and the subunits EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, ING3, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, MORF4L1/MRG15, MORF4L2/MRGX, MRGBP, YEATS4/GAS41, VPS72/YL1 and MEAF6 (PubMed:32542325). KAT5/TIP60, EPC1, and ING3 together constitute a minimal HAT complex termed Piccolo NuA4 (By similarity). The NuA4 complex interacts with MYC (By similarity). Interacts with ATM (By similarity). Interacts with JADE1 (By similarity). Interacts with PLA2G4A/CPLA2, EDNRA and HDAC7 (By similarity). Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of APP and APBB1/FE65 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM24 and TRIM68 (By similarity). Forms a complex with SENP6 and UBE2I in response to UV irradiation (By similarity). Identified in a complex with HINT1 (By similarity). Interacts with ATF2 and CUL3 (By similarity). Interacts with NR1D2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Component of a SWR1-like complex (By similarity). Interacts with FOXP3 (PubMed:19696312). Interacts with ZBTB49 (By similarity). Interacts with SRF (PubMed:16597624). Interacts with ATF3; promoting autoacetylation and deubiquitination by USP7 (By similarity). Interacts with EP300/p300; interaction promotes KAT5 autoacetylation (By similarity). Interacts with PRKDC; interaction is impaired following KAT5 sumoylation (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality before implantation (PubMed:17728759). Conditional deletion leads to rapid hematopoietic stem cell loss in both fetal and adult stages (PubMed:32542325). Conditional deletion at postnatal day 15 leads to impaired spermatid development: testes are smaller and show defects in the transition from the transition from round to elongating spermatids (PubMed:28694333). Defects in spermatid development is probably caused by impaired acetylation of histones that affects histone replacement (PubMed:28694333). Conditional deletion in response to DNA damage leads to impaired homologous recombination (HR)repair in response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), associated with increased non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair mediated by TP53BP1 (PubMed:30297459).
messages: Expressed in testis, heart, brain, kidney and liver. Weakly expressed in lung.
messages: Mice lacking isoform 5 die during mid-gestation (around embryonic day 11.5) (PubMed:30297694). Prior to developmental arrest, embryos display defects in heart and neural tube (PubMed:30297694). Specification of cardiac and neural cell fates is first normal; however, cell division and survival are impaired in heart and neural tube, respectively (PubMed:30297694).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-86 and Ser-90; enhanced during G2/M phase (PubMed:22539723, PubMed:30297459, PubMed:34608293). The phosphorylated form has a higher activity (PubMed:30297459, PubMed:34608293). Phosphorylation at Ser-90 by CDK1 or CDK9 is a prerequisite for phosphorylation at Ser-86 by GSK3 (PubMed:34608293). Phosphorylation at Ser-86 by GSK3 (GSK3A or GSK3B) activates acetyltransferase and acyltransferase activity (PubMed:22539723, PubMed:30297459). Phosphorylation at Ser-90 by CDK9 promotes KAT5 recruitment to chromatin (By similarity). Phosphorylation by VRK1 following DNA damage promotes KAT5 association with chromatin and histone acetyltransferase activity (PubMed:33076429).
messages: Sumoylated by UBE2I at Lys-430 and Lys-451, leading to increase of its histone acetyltransferase activity in UV-induced DNA damage response, as well as its translocation to nuclear bodies (By similarity). Sumoylation with SUMO2 by PIAS4 at Lys-430 promotes repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination (HR) (By similarity). Sumoylation by PIAS4 impairs interaction with PRKDC, inhibiting non-homologous end joining (NHEJ)-mediated repair of DSBs, thereby facilitating HR (By similarity). Desumoylated by SENP3 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by MDM2, leading to its proteasome-dependent degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitination is prevented by autoacetylation at Lys-327 (By similarity). Ubiquitinated following deacetylation by HDAC3, leading to cytoplasmic localization (By similarity). Deubiquitinated by USP7 following interaction with ATF3, promoting its stabilization (By similarity).
messages: kinetochore
messages: nucleolus
messages: perinuclear region
messages: spindle pole

10090:Sh3rf3
gene id: 10090:Sh3rf3
uniprot id: Q8C120
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the SH3RF family.
messages: Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity.
messages: Interacts (via SH3 domain 3) with PAK2. Interacts with RAC1 (GTP-bound form).
messages: The RING finger domain is required for ubiquitin ligase activity and autoubiquitination.

10090:Celsr2
gene id: 10090:Celsr2
uniprot id: Q9R0M0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. LN-TM7 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the CNS and in the eye.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the developing CNS, the emerging dorsal root ganglia and cranial ganglia. In the CNS, expression is uniform along the rostrocaudal axis. During gastrulation, it is expressed within the anterior neural ectoderm. At 10 dpc, expression is strong in the ventricular zones (VZ) in all sectors of the brain, and lower in the marginal zones (MZ). Between 12 and 15 dpc, expression is prominent in the brain. It is strong in VZ, lower in MZ, except in telecephalic MZ where it is predominant. The intensity is higher in all VZ, and lower in differentiating fields than in VZ, except in the cerebral hemispheres, and to a lesser extent in the tectum and cerebellum. A weak expression is also observed in the fetal lungs, kidney and epithelia. In the newborn and postnatal stages, expression remains restricted to the VZ as well as in migrating and postmigratory cells throughout the brain.
messages: Receptor that may have an important role in cell/cell signaling during nervous system formation.
messages: The iron and 2-oxoglutarate dependent 3-hydroxylation of aspartate and asparagine is (R) stereospecific within EGF domains.

10090:Fzd4
gene id: 10090:Fzd4
uniprot id: Q3V1B2
uniprot id: Q61088
uniprot id: Q8BKU9
uniprot id: Q8BLL2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in retinal vascularization.
messages: Expressed in chondrocytes.
messages: Interacts with MAGI3 and NDP (PubMed:15035989, PubMed:15195140). Component of a complex, at least composed of TSPAN12, FZD4 and norrin (NDP) (PubMed:19837033). Interacts (via FZ domain) with TSKU; TSKU competes with WNT2B for binding to FZD4, inhibiting Wnt signaling and repressing peripheral eye development (PubMed:21856951). Interacts with glypican GPC3 (By similarity).
messages: Lys-Thr-X-X-X-Trp motif interacts with the PDZ domain of Dvl (Disheveled) family members and is involved in the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for Wnt proteins (PubMed:10097073). Most frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin (CTNNB1) canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activation of Wnt target genes (PubMed:19837033). Plays a critical role in retinal vascularization by acting as a receptor for Wnt proteins and norrin (NDP) (PubMed:19837033). In retina, it can be activated by Wnt protein-binding and also by Wnt-independent signaling via binding of norrin (NDP), promoting in both cases beta-catenin (CTNNB1) accumulation and stimulation of LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs (PubMed:19837033). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues. Activation by Wnt5A stimulates PKC activity via a G-protein-dependent mechanism.
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Gpd2
gene id: 10090:Gpd2
uniprot id: Q64521
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Calcium-binding enhance the activity of the enzyme.
messages: Calcium-responsive mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase which seems to be a key component of the pancreatic beta-cell glucose-sensing device.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Rab37
gene id: 10090:Rab37
uniprot id: Q9JKM7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts with RIMS1.
messages: Specifically expressed in the bone marrow mast cells.

10090:Fjx1
gene id: 10090:Fjx1
uniprot id: Q8BQB4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an inhibitor of dendrite extension and branching.
messages: Belongs to the FJX1/FJ family.
messages: Expressed in brain, kidney and lung. In the telencephalon, expressed in the piriform cortex, hippocampus and olfactory bulb. In the diencephalon, expressed in the dorsal thalamus. Expressed in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum and in numerous medullary nuclei.
messages: Expressed in embryo at 8.5 dpc onward. In the neural plate, expressed in the presumptive forebrain and midbrain and in rhombomere at 4 and 8.5 dpc. Expressed in the limb buds and in the ectoderm of the first branchial arches at 9.5 dpc. In the brain, expressed in the dorsal mesencephalon (tectum) and prosencephalon (presumptive isocortex) at 9.5, 10.5 and 11.5 dpc. In the cortex, expressed in dorsolateral patch of the neuroepithelium at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the ectoderm of the branchial arch and the oral ectoderm at 10.5 dpc. In the limbs, expressed in the apical ectodermal ridge at 11.5 dpc. Expressed in the telecephalon, ventricles, diencephalon and medulla oblongata at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in the neural tube, cochlear ganglion and olfactory bulb at 14.5 dpc. In the kidney, lung and intestine, expressed in epithelial cells at 14.5 dpc.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Knockout mice for this gene exhibited an increase in dendrite extension and branching of pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.
messages: Secreted
messages: Undergoes proteolytic cleavage.
messages: Up-regulated by Notch.

10090:Olfr1402
gene id: 10090:Olfr1402
uniprot id: Q8VET1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Khdc1a
gene id: 10090:Khdc1a
uniprot id: Q3UWR2
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the KHDC1 family.
messages: By NR4A1/NUR77.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Has pro-apoptotic activity.

10090:Gm3376
gene id: 10090:Gm3376
uniprot id: Q60990
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with splicing factor proteins SFRS3/SRP20, TRA2B/SFRS10, KHDRBS1/SAM68 and KHDRBS3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Only expressed in spermatogonia and early spermatocytes, suggesting that expression is inactivated in the XY body during meiosis.
messages: Overexpression of Rbmy proteins in mice carrying the Y(d1) deletion that removes most of the multi-copy Rbmy gene cluster does not have any effect and fails to reduce the frequency of abnormal sperm. These results raize the question of the role of Rbmy proteins in sperm development.
messages: RNA-binding protein which may be involved in spermatogenesis. Required for sperm development, possibly by participating in pre-mRNA splicing in the testis.
messages: Testis-specific.
messages: The RBMY1 proteins are encoded by repeated regions of the Y chromosome. The exact number of functional copies is unclear and may vary between individuals, and some of them may represent pseudogenes.

10090:Prss39
gene id: 10090:Prss39
uniprot id: O70169
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Expressed in testis. More specifically, abundantly expressed in the haploid round spermatid.
messages: In contrast to other members of the family, lacks the conserved Asp at position 158, which is replaced by an Asn residue, suggesting it is inactive.
messages: May play an important role in the sperm/egg interaction; released during the acrosome reaction.
messages: Secreted
messages: There appears to be no human ortholog of this protein.
messages: acrosome

10090:Tmc6
gene id: 10090:Tmc6
uniprot id: B1ATB3
uniprot id: Q7TN60
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMC family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with CIB1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable ion channel.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Cltb
gene id: 10090:Cltb
uniprot id: Q3TJ95
uniprot id: Q3TWZ9
uniprot id: Q6IRU5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the clathrin light chain family.
messages: Clathrin coats are formed from molecules containing 3 heavy chains and 3 light chains. Interacts (via N-terminus) with HIP1. Interacts with HIP1R.
messages: Clathrin is the major protein of the polyhedral coat of coated pits and vesicles.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: coated pit

10090:Arrb2
gene id: 10090:Arrb2
uniprot id: A0A158SIT9
uniprot id: J3JS97
uniprot id: Q91YI4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the arrestin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Functions in regulating agonist-mediated G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating both receptor desensitization and resensitization processes. During homologous desensitization, beta-arrestins bind to the GPRK-phosphorylated receptor and sterically preclude its coupling to the cognate G-protein; the binding appears to require additional receptor determinants exposed only in the active receptor conformation. The beta-arrestins target many receptors for internalization by acting as endocytic adapters (CLASPs, clathrin-associated sorting proteins) and recruiting the GPRCs to the adapter protein 2 complex 2 (AP-2) in clathrin-coated pits (CCPs). However, the extent of beta-arrestin involvement appears to vary significantly depending on the receptor, agonist and cell type. Internalized arrestin-receptor complexes traffic to intracellular endosomes, where they remain uncoupled from G-proteins. Two different modes of arrestin-mediated internalization occur. Class A receptors, like ADRB2, OPRM1, ENDRA, D1AR and ADRA1B dissociate from beta-arrestin at or near the plasma membrane and undergo rapid recycling. Class B receptors, like AVPR2, AGTR1, NTSR1, TRHR and TACR1 internalize as a complex with arrestin and traffic with it to endosomal vesicles, presumably as desensitized receptors, for extended periods of time. Receptor resensitization then requires that receptor-bound arrestin is removed so that the receptor can be dephosphorylated and returned to the plasma membrane. Mediates endocytosis of CCR7 following ligation of CCL19 but not CCL21. Involved in internalization of P2RY1, P2RY4, P2RY6 and P2RY11 and ATP-stimulated internalization of P2RY2. Involved in phosphorylation-dependent internalization of OPRD1 and subsequent recycling or degradation. Involved in ubiquitination of IGF1R. Beta-arrestins function as multivalent adapter proteins that can switch the GPCR from a G-protein signaling mode that transmits short-lived signals from the plasma membrane via …
messages: Homooligomer; the self-association is mediated by InsP6-binding (Probable). Heterooligomer with ARRB1; the association is mediated by InsP6-binding. Interacts with ADRB2 and CHRM2. Interacts with PDE4A. Interacts with PDE4D. Interacts with MAPK10, MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with DRD2. Interacts with FSHR. Interacts with CLTC. Interacts with HTR2C. Interacts with CCR5. Interacts with CXCR4. Interacts with SRC. Interacts with DUSP16; the interaction is interrupted by stimulation of AGTR1 and activation of MAPK10. Interacts with CHUK; the interaction is enhanced stimulation of ADRB2. Interacts with RELA. Interacts with MDM2; the interaction is enhanced by activation of GPCRs. Interacts with SLC9A5. Interacts with TRAF6. Interacts with IGF1R. Interacts with ENG. Interacts with ARRB2. Interacts with KIR2DL1, KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL4. Interacts with LDLR. Interacts with AP2B1. Interacts with C5AR1. Interacts with RAF1. Interacts with MAP2K1. Interacts with MAPK1. Interacts with MAPK10; the interaction enhances MAPK10 activation by MAP3K5. Interacts with MAP2K4; the interaction is enhanced by presence of MAP3K5 and MAPK10. Interacts with MAP3K5. Interacts with AKT1. Interacts with IKBKB and MAP3K14. Interacts with SMO (activated). Interacts with GSK3A and GSK3B. Interacts with CXCR4; the interaction is dependent on C-terminal phosphorylation of CXCR4 and allows activation of MAPK1 and MAPK3. Interacts with GPR143. Interacts with HCK and CXCR1 (phosphorylated) (By similarity). Associates with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A). Interacts with ACKR3 and ACKR4 (By similarity). Interacts with ARRDC1; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with GPR61, GPR62 and GPR135 (By similarity). Interacts (via NACHT and LRR domains) with NLRP3; this interaction is direct and inducible by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (By similarity). Interacts with FFAR4 (via C-terminus); this interaction is stimulated by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (PubMed:26873857).
messages: Hydroxylation by PHD2 modulates the rate of internalization by slowing down recruitment to the plasma membrane and inhibiting subsequent co-internalization with class A receptors.
messages: Loss of beta-2 adrenergic receptor/ADRB2 ubiquitination. Reduction of dopamine-dependent behaviors, loss of Akt1 regulation by dopamine in the striatum and disruption of the dopamine-dependent interaction of Akt1 with its negative regulator, protein phosphatase 2A. Increased serum LDL-cholesterol levels upon high fat diet. Exacerbates insulin resistance. Elevated cytotoxicity of natural killer cells and lowered susceptibility to mouse cytomegalovirus infection.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-383 in the cytoplasm; probably dephosphorylated at the plasma membrane. The phosphorylation does not regulate internalization and recycling of ADRB2, interaction with clathrin or AP2B1 (By similarity).
messages: Predominantly localized in neuronal tissues and in the spleen.
messages: The ubiquitination status appears to regulate the formation and trafficking of beta-arrestin-GPCR complexes and signaling. Ubiquitination appears to occur GPCR-specific. Ubiquitinated by MDM2; the ubiquitination is required for rapid internalization of ADRB2. Deubiquitinated by USP33; the deubiquitination leads to a dissociation of the beta-arrestin-GPCR complex. Stimulation of a class A GPCR, such as ADRB2, induces transient ubiquitination and subsequently promotes association with USP33. Stimulation of a class B GPCR promotes a sustained ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Slc2a2
gene id: 10090:Slc2a2
uniprot id: P14246
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sugar transporter (TC 2.A.1.1) family. Glucose transporter subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: D-glucose and maltose competitively inhibit fructose transport. D-glucose, D-fructose and maltose inhibit deoxyglucose transport.
messages: Facilitative hexose transporter that mediates the transport of glucose, fructose and galactose. Likely mediates the bidirectional transfer of glucose across the plasma membrane of hepatocytes and is responsible for uptake of glucose by the beta cells; may comprise part of the glucose-sensing mechanism of the beta cell. May also participate with the Na(+)/glucose cotransporter in the transcellular transport of glucose in the small intestine and kidney. Also able to mediate the transport of dehydroascorbate.
messages: In embryo, expressed in endoderm layer of yolk sac and liver primordium.
messages: N-glycosylated; required for stability and retention at the cell surface of pancreatic beta cells.

10090:Fam126b
gene id: 10090:Fam126b
uniprot id: Q8C729
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Hyccin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a complex required to localize phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) to the plasma membrane.
messages: Component of a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) complex, composed of PI4KA, EFR3 (EFR3A or EFR3B), TTC7 (TTC7A or TTC7B) and HYCC (HYCC1 or HYCC2).
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system. Expressed at much lower level in oligodendrocytes than in neurons.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tnfrsf22
gene id: 10090:Tnfrsf22
uniprot id: Q9ER62
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. Lacks a cytoplasmic death domain and hence is not capable of inducing apoptosis. Protects cells against TRAIL mediated apoptosis possibly through ligand competition. Cannot induce the NF-kappa-B pathway.
messages: Secreted
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Ctnna1
gene id: 10090:Ctnna1
uniprot id: P26231
uniprot id: Q545R0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with the cytoplasmic domain of a variety of cadherins. The association of catenins to cadherins produces a complex which is linked to the actin filament network, and which seems to be of primary importance for cadherins cell-adhesion properties. Can associate with both E- and N-cadherins. Originally believed to be a stable component of E-cadherin/catenin adhesion complexes and to mediate the linkage of cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton at adherens junctions. In contrast, cortical actin was found to be much more dynamic than E-cadherin/catenin complexes and CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex suggesting a different linkage between actin and adherens junctions components. The homodimeric form may regulate actin filament assembly and inhibit actin branching by competing with the Arp2/3 complex for binding to actin filaments. Involved in the regulation of WWTR1/TAZ, YAP1 and TGFB1-dependent SMAD2 and SMAD3 nuclear accumulation (PubMed:21145499). May play a crucial role in cell differentiation.
messages: Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer and homodimer; the monomer preferentially binds to CTNNB1 and the homodimer to actin (PubMed:16325583). Component of an cadherin:catenin adhesion complex composed of at least of CDH26, beta-catenin/CTNNB1, alpha-catenin/CTNNA1 and p120 catenin/CTNND1 (By similarity). Possible component of an E-cadherin/ catenin adhesion complex together with E-cadherin/CDH1 and beta-catenin/CTNNB1 or gamma-catenin/JUP; the complex is located to adherens junctions (PubMed:7982500, PubMed:16325582, PubMed:16325583, PubMed:18093941, PubMed:25653389, PubMed:10882138). The stable association of CTNNA1 is controversial as CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex (PubMed:16325582, PubMed:18093941). Alternatively, the CTNNA1-containing complex may be linked to F-actin by other proteins such as LIMA1 (PubMed:18093941). Binds AFDN and F-actin (PubMed:11907041). Interacts with LIMA1 (By similarity) (PubMed:18093941). Interacts with ARHGAP21 (By similarity). Interacts with AJUBA (By similarity). Interacts with vinculin/VCL (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylation seems to contribute to the strength of cell-cell adhesion rather than to the basic capacity for cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Sap30
gene id: 10090:Sap30
uniprot id: O88574
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SAP30 family.
messages: Component of the histone deacetylase complex that includes at least SIN3A, HDAC1 and HDAC2 (PubMed:9702189). Found in a complex composed of at least SINHCAF, SIN3A, HDAC1, SAP30, RBBP4, OGT and TET1 (PubMed:28554894). Interacts with HDAC1 (PubMed:9702189). Interacts with SIN3A, SIN3B, HDAC2, RBBP4 and NCOR1 (PubMed:9702189). Interacts directly with SAMSN1 (PubMed:20478393). Interacts with HCFC1 (By similarity). Interacts with SAP30BP (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the functional recruitment of the Sin3-histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) to a specific subset of N-CoR corepressor complexes. Capable of transcription repression by N-CoR. Active in deacetylating core histone octamers (when in a complex) but inactive in deacetylating nucleosomal histones.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr450
gene id: 10090:Olfr450
uniprot id: Q8VF81
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr332
gene id: 10090:Olfr332
uniprot id: Q5NC45
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Apol7b
gene id: 10090:Apol7b
uniprot id: B1AQP7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein L family.

10090:Zhx3
gene id: 10090:Zhx3
uniprot id: Q3UPQ8
uniprot id: Q8C0Q2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Involved in the early stages of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) osteogenic differentiation. Is a regulator of podocyte gene expression during primary glomerula disease. Binds to promoter DNA.
messages: Belongs to the ZHX family.
messages: Homodimer (via homeobox domain 1). Heterodimer with ZHX1 (via homeobox domain 1). Heterodimer with ZHX2 (via homeobox domain 1). Heterodimerization with ZHX1 is a prerequisite for repressor activity. Interacts with NFYA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Fdft1
gene id: 10090:Fdft1
uniprot id: P53798
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthase family.
messages: Catalyzes the condensation of 2 farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) moieties to form squalene (PubMed:10521476). Proceeds in two distinct steps. In the first half-reaction, two molecules of FPP react to form the stable presqualene diphosphate intermediate (PSQPP), with concomitant release of a proton and a molecule of inorganic diphosphate. In the second half-reaction, PSQPP undergoes heterolysis, isomerization, and reduction with NADPH or NADH to form squalene. It is the first committed enzyme of the sterol biosynthesis pathway (By similarity).
messages: Deficient mice are embryonic lethal around midgestation (9.5-10.5 dpc). Embryos exhibit severe growth retardation and defective neural tube closure.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Rnase9
gene id: 10090:Rnase9
uniprot id: P60154
uniprot id: Q5QJV3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Does not exhibit any ribonuclease activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tsc22d2
gene id: 10090:Tsc22d2
uniprot id: A0A0G2JFZ4
uniprot id: E9Q7M2
uniprot id: Q9CVK3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TSC-22/Dip/Bun family.

10090:Gm21344
gene id: 10090:Gm21344
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Picalm
gene id: 10090:Picalm
uniprot id: Q3TD51
uniprot id: Q570Z8
uniprot id: Q7M6Y3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PICALM/SNAP91 family.
messages: Binds to clathrin; involves primarily the C-terminal sequences, but the full-length protein is required for full binding capacity. Binds phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bisphosphate. Interacts with PIMREG; this interaction may change the subcellular location into the nucleus. Interacts with AP2A1 (via its alpha-appendage domain). Interacts (via N-terminus) with VAMP2; VAMP3; VAMP7 and VAMP8 (Via N-terminus). Interacts with LC3/MAP1LC3A.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic adapter protein that plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis which is important in processes such as internalization of cell receptors, synaptic transmission or removal of apoptotic cells. Recruits AP-2 and attaches clathrin triskelions to the cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane leading to clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) assembly. Furthermore, regulates clathrin-coated vesicle size and maturation by directly sensing and driving membrane curvature. In addition to binding to clathrin, mediates the endocytosis of small R-SNARES (Soluble NSF Attachment Protein REceptors) between plasma membranes and endosomes including VAMP2, VAMP3, VAMP4, VAMP7 or VAMP8. In turn, PICALM-dependent SNARE endocytosis is required for the formation and maturation of autophagic precursors. Modulates thereby autophagy and the turnover of autophagy substrates such as MAPT/TAU or amyloid precursor protein cleaved C-terminal fragment (APP-CTF).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: PICALM-deficient mice suffer from severe anemia due to ineffective erythropoiesis in the bone marrow. In addition, they exhibit impaired clathrin-mediated internalization of transferrin leading to iron metabolism abnormalities.
messages: Skins and livers of 1-week-old mice.
messages: clathrin-coated pit
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle

10090:Tmem79
gene id: 10090:Tmem79
uniprot id: Q9D709
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contributes to the epidermal integrity and skin barrier function. Plays a role in the lamellar granule (LG) secretory system and in the stratum corneum (SC) epithelial cell formation.
messages: Defects in Tmem79 are the cause of the spontaneous matted (matt) mutant phenotype, a model for human atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis (ma/ma) mice have a matted hair phenotype with progressive dermatitis-like skin inflammation and a scratching behavior. Mice display an altered skin barrier that facilitates allergic sensitization.
messages: Expressed in the epidermis of the skin. Expressed in epithelial cells of the outermost layer of the stratum granulosum (SG) and in hair follicles (at protein level).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Ncapg2
gene id: 10090:Ncapg2
uniprot id: Q6DFV1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the condensin-2 complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and 3 non SMC subunits that probably regulate the complex: NCAPH2, NCAPD3 and NCAPG2.
messages: Expressed from 7 dpc when yolk sac hematopoiesis is initiated. Between 12.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc restricted to the developing fetal liver and the site of definitive hematopoiesis. Detected in thymus at 15.5 dpc as well as the midbrain, forebrain and the olfactory epithelium.
messages: Expressed in spleen, lung and testis as well as in hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin-2 complex, a complex which establishes mitotic chromosome architecture and is involved in physical rigidity of the chromatid axis. Is required for early embryonic development and is essential for viability and expansion of the inner cell mass (ICM) of the implanting blastocyst.

10090:Olfr560
gene id: 10090:Olfr560
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSU5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sybu
gene id: 10090:Sybu
uniprot id: Q8BHS8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with STX1A and KIF5B.
messages: Part of a kinesin motor-adapter complex that is critical for the anterograde axonal transport of active zone components and contributes to activity-dependent presynaptic assembly during neuronal development.

10090:Camsap2
gene id: 10090:Camsap2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YY67
uniprot id: Q8C1B1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CAMSAP1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with CAMSAP3 (PubMed:23169647). Interacts with KATNA1 and KATNB1; leading to regulate the length of CAMSAP2-decorated microtubule stretches (By similarity). Interacts with a complex formed by AKAP9 and PDE4DIP isoform 2/MMG8/SMYLE, which recruits CAMSAP2 to the Golgi (By similarity). Interacts with MAPRE1/EB1 (By similarity).
messages: Key microtubule-organizing protein that specifically binds the minus-end of non-centrosomal microtubules and regulates their dynamics and organization (PubMed:23169647). Specifically recognizes growing microtubule minus-ends and autonomously decorates and stabilizes microtubule lattice formed by microtubule minus-end polymerization (By similarity). Acts on free microtubule minus-ends that are not capped by microtubule-nucleating proteins or other factors and protects microtubule minus-ends from depolymerization (By similarity). In addition, it also reduces the velocity of microtubule polymerization (By similarity). Through the microtubule cytoskeleton, also regulates the organization of cellular organelles including the Golgi and the early endosomes (By similarity). Essential for the tethering, but not for nucleation of non-centrosomal microtubules at the Golgi: together with Golgi-associated proteins AKAP9 and PDE4DIP, required to tether non-centrosomal minus-end microtubules to the Golgi, an important step for polarized cell movement (By similarity). Also acts as a regulator of neuronal polarity and development: localizes to non-centrosomal microtubule minus-ends in neurons and stabilizes non-centrosomal microtubules, which is required for neuronal polarity, axon specification and dendritic branch formation (By similarity). Through the microtubule cytoskeleton, regulates the autophagosome transport (By similarity).
messages: The CKK domain binds microtubules and specifically recognizes the minus-end of microtubules.
messages: The CKK domain binds microtubules.
messages: The MBD (microtubule-binding domain) region can recognize some features of the microtubule lattice, which might contribute to the specific decoration of growing microtubule minus-ends by CAMSAP2.
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Vps11
gene id: 10090:Vps11
uniprot id: Q91W86
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS11 family.
messages: Core component of at least two putative endosomal tethering complexes, the homotypic fusion and vacuole protein sorting (HOPS) complex and the class C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) complex. Their common core is composed of the class C Vps proteins VPS11, VPS16, VPS18 and VPS33A, which in HOPS further associates with VPS39 and VPS41 and in CORVET with VPS8 and TGFBRAP1 (PubMed:25266290). Interacts with RAB5C (PubMed:25266290). Interacts with TGFBRAP1, MON1B, STX7, STX17, ECPAS, EZR, RDX, MSN (By similarity). Associates with adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) and clathrin:AP-3 complexes (PubMed:21411634). Interacts with PLEKHM1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Early endosome
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways. Believed to act as a core component of the putative HOPS and CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which are proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late endosomal membrane and to regulate late endocytic, phagocytic and autophagic traffic towards lysosomes. The CORVET complex is proposed to function as a Rab5 effector to mediate early endosome fusion probably in specific endosome subpopulations. Required for fusion of endosomes and autophagosomes with lysosomes. Involved in cargo transport from early to late endosomes and required for the transition from early to late endosomes (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle

10090:Rps4x
gene id: 10090:Rps4x
uniprot id: P62702
uniprot id: Q545F8
uniprot id: Q545X8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS4 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs.

10090:Ovch2
gene id: 10090:Ovch2
uniprot id: Q7M761
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Knockout male mice lacking OVCH2 are sterile.
messages: May be required for sperm ADAM3 processing and consequential sperm fertilizing ability (PubMed:32499443). In vitro, has an endopeptidase activity (By similarity).
messages: Only expressed in uterus tissue (PubMed:20810007). Expressed in the initial segment (IS) of the caput epididymis, the region most proximal to the testis (PubMed:32499443).
messages: Secreted

10090:Rabgap1l
gene id: 10090:Rabgap1l
uniprot id: A6H6A9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in embryonic heart and liver, and in hemopoietic cells (PubMed:10585558). Expressed in the corpus callosum in the central nervous system (CNS) and costameres in skeletal muscle at postnatal day (PND) 30 (PubMed:27718357).
messages: GTP-hydrolysis activating protein (GAP) for small GTPase RAB22A, converting active RAB22A-GTP to the inactive form RAB22A-GDP (By similarity). Plays a role in endocytosis and intracellular protein transport. Recruited by ANK2 to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PI3P)-positive early endosomes, where it inactivates RAB22A, and promotes polarized trafficking to the leading edge of the migrating cells. Part of the ANK2/RABGAP1L complex which is required for the polarized recycling of fibronectin receptor ITGA5 ITGB1 to the plasma membrane that enables continuous directional cell migration (PubMed:27718357).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (via Rab-GAP TBC domain) with ANK2 (via death domain).
messages: The arginine and glutamine fingers are critical for the GTPase-activating mechanism, they pull out Rab's 'switch 2' glutamine and insert in Rab's active site.

10090:Ndufab1
gene id: 10090:Ndufab1
uniprot id: Q569N0
uniprot id: Q9CR21
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the acyl carrier protein (ACP) family.
messages: Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis (By similarity). Accessory and non-catalytic subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), which functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. Accessory protein, of the core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex, that regulates, in association with LYRM4, the stability and the cysteine desulfurase activity of NFS1 and participates in the [2Fe-2S] clusters assembly on the scaffolding protein ISCU (By similarity). The core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly complex is involved in the de novo synthesis of a [2Fe-2S] cluster, the first step of the mitochondrial iron-sulfur protein biogenesis. This process is initiated by the cysteine desulfurase complex (NFS1:LYRM4:NDUFAB1) that produces persulfide which is delivered on the scaffold protein ISCU in a FXN-dependent manner. Then this complex is stabilized by FDX2 which provides reducing equivalents to accomplish the [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly. Finally, the [2Fe-2S] cluster is transferred from ISCU to chaperone proteins, including HSCB, HSPA9 and GLRX5 (By similarity).
messages: Carrier of the growing fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis.
messages: Mammalian complex I is composed of 45 different subunits. Interacts with ETFRF1. Identified in a complex composed of MALSU1, MIEF1 upstream open reading frame protein and NDUFAB1; within the trimeric complex, MIEF1 upstream open reading frame protein functions as a bridging scaffold that interacts with MALSU1 on one side, and with NDUFAB1 on the other side. The complex interacts with the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit. Interacts with alpha-1-microglobulin chain; this interaction is required for the maintenance of mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Component of the mitochondrial core iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) complex composed of NFS1, LYRM4, NDUFAB1, ISCU, FXN, and FDX2; this complex is an heterohexamer containing two copies of each monomer. Component of the cyteine desulfurase complex composed of NFS1, LYRM4 and NDUFAB1; this complex contributes to the stability and cysteine desulfurase activity of NFS1.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Cdc14a
gene id: 10090:Cdc14a
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPZ4
uniprot id: Q6GQT0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class CDC14 subfamily.
messages: Composed of two structurally equivalent A and B domains that adopt a dual specificity protein phosphatase (DSP) fold.
messages: Dual-specificity phosphatase. Required for centrosome separation and productive cytokinesis during cell division. Dephosphorylates SIRT2 around early anaphase. May dephosphorylate the APC subunit FZR1/CDH1, thereby promoting APC-FZR1 dependent degradation of mitotic cyclins and subsequent exit from mitosis (By similarity). Required for normal hearing (PubMed:29293958).
messages: Expressed in the inner ear.
messages: Interacts with KIF20A. Interaction is required to localize CDC14 to the midzone of the mitotic spindle (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome
messages: kinocilium
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole
messages: stereocilium

10090:Qsox1
gene id: 10090:Qsox1
uniprot id: Q8BND5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX) family.
messages: Binds 1 FAD per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in peptide and protein thiols to disulfides with the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide (PubMed:26819240). Plays a role in disulfide bond formation in a variety of extracellular proteins (PubMed:26819240). In fibroblasts, required for normal incorporation of laminin into the extracellular matrix, and thereby for normal cell-cell adhesion and cell migration (PubMed:26819240).
messages: Detected in skin (at protein level) (PubMed:12354420). Expressed in the seminal vesicles and skin.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: N-glycosylated. O-glycosylated on Thr and Ser residues.
messages: Secreted

10090:Hcar1
gene id: 10090:Hcar1
uniprot id: A0A4Y1JWM1
uniprot id: E9PZR8
uniprot id: Q8C131
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a receptor for L-lactate and mediates its anti-lipolytic effect through a G(i)-protein-mediated pathway.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in subcutaneous fat and omental fat and detectable in lower levels in brain and many other tissues. High levels detected in epididymal and subcutaneous fat with slightly lower in omental fat, low levels are detected in the brain, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver and the pancreas (at protein level).
messages: Membrane

10090:Aqp11
gene id: 10090:Aqp11
uniprot id: Q8BHH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family. AQP11/AQP12 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Channel protein that facilitates the transport of water, glycerol and hydrogen peroxide across membrane of cell or organelles guaranteeing intracellular homeostasis in several organes like liver, kidney and brain (PubMed:21118806, PubMed:21251984). In situation of stress, participates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis by regulating redox homeostasis through the transport of hydrogen peroxide across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane thereby regulating the oxidative stress through the NADPH oxidase 2 pathway (PubMed:23275615, PubMed:30656220). Plays a role by maintaining an environment suitable for translation or protein foldings in the ER lumen namely by participating in the PKD1 glycosylation processing resulting in regulation of PKD1 membrane trafficking thereby preventing the accumulation of unfolding protein in ER (PubMed:24854278, PubMed:18606867). Plays a role in the proximal tubule function by regulating its endosomal acidification (PubMed:16107722). May play a role in postnatal kidney development (PubMed:18701606, PubMed:23486012, PubMed:27582095).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the S1 proximal tubule segment, (PubMed:23486012). Expressed in the testis, kidney, and liver. Weakly expressed in the heart, brain, and muscle. Highly expressed in the testis. Expressed in the proximal tubule of the cortex of 8-day-old mouse kidney (PubMed:16107722). Expressed in retina specifically at retinal Mueller glial cells (PubMed:27107718). Expressed in brain. Expressed abundantly at the choroid plexus but also expressed weakly in the parenchyma. Expressed at the capillary endothelium in the cerebral white matter (PubMed:27258268). Expressed in adult testis, in the elongated spermatids (ES) and in residual bodies inside Sertoli cells (PubMed:19812234).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:16107722, PubMed:21118806). Can also form homomultimer (PubMed:21118806).
messages: Homozygous Aqp11 knockout mice are born normally at the expected Mendelian frequency and are normal. However, after 15 days mice begin dying, and only 15% survive until day 60. Mice exhibit severe renal dysfunction with a significant increase of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level. The kidneys are large and pale with rough texture occupying the whole abdominal cavity. The kidneys are anemic and polycystic following swelling and vacuolization of the proximal tubule (PubMed:18701606, PubMed:16107722). Mice with conditional knockout of Aqp11 in liver appear to have a normal life span of more than 1 year, are fertile (both females and males), show a normal growth rate, and do not show any behavioral abnormalities. Unchallenged mice have normal longevity, their livers appear normal, and reveal only a minor defect in lipid handling. In contrast, rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)-derived vacuoles develop rapidly in the periportal hepatocytes of liver-specific following 24 h fasting and refeeding (PubMed:23275615). Mice with temporal conditional knockout of Aqp11 between post natal days (P) P2 and P12 exhibit apparently normal kidneys at birth and within the first two postnatal weeks of life exhibit tubular dilations. When conditional knockout of Aqp11 is induced until P8, proximal tubule (PT) cell vacuolization and apparent tubular cysts are formed, whereas no deficient renal development are observed if conditional knockout of Aqp11 starts at P12 (PubMed:27582095).
messages: Increased by glucose (PubMed:23486012). Decreased by phlorizin (PubMed:23486012).
messages: Mainly expressed at the brain surface with a slight expression in the brain parenchyma at postnatal day 1, 7, and 14. At the stage of postnatal day 28, mainly expressed in the parenchyma.
messages: Not glycosylated.
messages: The NPC motif is essential for oligomerization and water permeability function.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Olfr123
gene id: 10090:Olfr123
uniprot id: Q8VFQ1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:F13a1
gene id: 10090:F13a1
uniprot id: Q3V3W7
uniprot id: Q8BH61
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the transglutaminase superfamily. Transglutaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Factor XIII is activated by thrombin and calcium ion to a transglutaminase that catalyzes the formation of gamma-glutamyl-epsilon-lysine cross-links between fibrin chains, thus stabilizing the fibrin clot. Also cross-link alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor, or fibronectin, to the alpha chains of fibrin.
messages: Secreted
messages: Tetramer of two A chains (F13A1) and two B (F13B) chains.
messages: The activation peptide is released by thrombin.

10090:Satl1
gene id: 10090:Satl1
uniprot id: Q9D5N8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family.

10090:Piwil2
gene id: 10090:Piwil2
uniprot id: Q8CDG1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation by PRMT5 is required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing protein TDRD1 and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage, also named P granule.
messages: Belongs to the argonaute family. Piwi subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoribonuclease that plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Plays an essential role in meiotic differentiation of spermatocytes, germ cell differentiation and in self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Its presence in oocytes suggests that it may participate in similar functions during oogenesis in females (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and govern the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (PubMed:11578866, PubMed:14736746, PubMed:17446352, PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). During piRNA biosynthesis, plays a key role in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle, by acting as a 'slicer-competent' piRNA endoribonuclease that cleaves primary piRNAs, which are then loaded onto 'slicer-incompetent' PIWIL4 (PubMed:22020280, PubMed:23706823, PubMed:26669262). PIWIL2 slicing produces a pre-miRNA intermediate, which is then processed in mature piRNAs, and as well as a 16 nucleotide by-product that is degraded (PubMed:28633017). Required for PIWIL4/MIWI2 nuclear localization and association with secondary piRNAs antisense (PubMed:18381894, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:26669262). Besides their function in transposable elements repression, piRNAs are probably involved in other processes during meiosis such as translation regulation (PubMed:19114715). Indirectly modulates expression of genes such as PDGFRB, SLC2A1, ITGA6, GJA7, THY1, CD9 and STRA8 (PubMed:1626161…
messages: Expressed from 12.5 dpc until adult in male gonads. In female gonads, detected since 12.5 dpc, then begins to cease after birth and disappears until the development of adult ovary (PubMed:11578866). Highly expressed in embryonic male germ cells at embryonic day 16.5 and expression decreases by postnatal day 2.5 (PubMed:32381626).
messages: Expressed in adult testis, specifically in spermatocytes and in spermatogonia (PubMed:11279525, PubMed:11578866, PubMed:12906857, PubMed:18404146, PubMed:18922463, PubMed:19114715, PubMed:19377467, PubMed:28903391). Only detected in primordial germ cells of both sexes. Widely expressed in tumors. Also present at early stages of oocyte growth. Present in the mitotic spermatogonia (PubMed:23706823). Not detected in the first stages of meiosis (preleptotene and leptotene) (PubMed:23706823). Detected at the late zygotene stage and increases throughout pachytene, declining from this stage onward until expression stops at the early round spermatid stage (at protein level) (PubMed:23706823).
messages: Interacts with DDX4, MAEL, EIF3A, EIF4E, EIF4G, PRMT5 and WDR77. Associates with EIF4E- and EIF4G-containing m7G cap-binding complexes. Interacts (when methylated on arginine residues) with TDRD1 and TDRKH/TDRD2. Interacts with TDRD12 (PubMed:24067652). Component of the PET complex, at least composed of EXD1, PIWIL2, TDRD12 and piRNAs (PubMed:26669262). Interacts with MOV10L1 (PubMed:20534472, PubMed:20547853). Interacts with GPAT2 (PubMed:23611983). Interacts with Tex19.1 and, probably, Tex19.2 (PubMed:28254886). Interacts (via PIWI domain) with BMAL1 and CLOCK (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with GSK3B (PubMed:28903391). Interacts with TEX15 (PubMed:32381626).
messages: Mice exhibit blocked spermatogenesis at the early prophase of the first meiosis due to transposable elements derepression, and apoptosis occurs subsequently. Female mice are fertile, while male are sterile.

10090:Psmb9
gene id: 10090:Psmb9
uniprot id: A0A0R4J256
uniprot id: P28076
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autocleaved. The resulting N-terminal Thr residue of the mature subunit is responsible for the nucleophile proteolytic activity.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the proteasome complex.
messages: Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Depletion of LMP2 by RNAi suppresses expression and activities of the matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 and MMP9 by blocking the transfer of active NF-kappa-B heterodimers into the nucleus.
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level). Expressed at high levels in the thymus, spleen, lung, heart and liver. Expressed at moderate levels in the kidney.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is composed of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings, resulting in a barrel-shaped structure. The two end rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two central rings are each formed by seven beta subunits. The catalytic chamber with the active sites is on the inside of the barrel. Component of the immunoproteasome, where it displaces the equivalent housekeeping subunit PSMB6. Component of the spermatoproteasome, a form of the proteasome specifically found in testis. Interacts with NCOA1, NCOA2 and NCOA3.
messages: The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity. This subunit is involved in antigen processing to generate class I binding peptides. Contributes to NFKBIA degradation and subsequently NFKB1 generation.
messages: Up-regulated by interferon gamma (at protein level). Up-regulated by IRF1. Up-regulated by heat shock treatment. Down-regulated by EGR1 in neuronal cells.

10090:Srsf2
gene id: 10090:Srsf2
uniprot id: Q62093
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation on Lys-52 by KAT5/TIP60 promotes its proteasomal degradation. This effect is counterbalanced by HDAC6, which positively controls SRSF2 protein level by deacetylating it and preventing its proteasomal degradation (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Expressed in all the tissues examined; liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung and brain.
messages: Extensively phosphorylated on serine residues in the RS domain. Phosphorylated by SRPK2 and this causes its redistribution from the nuclear speckle to nucleoplasm and controls cell fate decision in response to cisplatin treatment. KAT5/TIP60 inhibits its phosphorylation by preventing SRPK2 nuclear translocation (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CCNL1 and CCNL2. Interacts with SCAF11. Interacts with ZRSR2/U2AF1-RS2. Interacts with CCDC55 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). In vitro, self-associates and binds SRSF1/SFRS1 (ASF/SF2), SNRNP70 and U2AF1 but not U2AF2. Binds SREK1/SFRS12. Interacts with BRDT.
messages: Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. It is required for formation of the earliest ATP-dependent splicing complex and interacts with spliceosomal components bound to both the 5'- and 3'-splice sites during spliceosome assembly. It also is required for ATP-dependent interactions of both U1 and U2 snRNPs with pre-mRNA (By similarity). Can bind to the myelin basic protein (MBP) gene MB3 regulatory region and increase transcription of the mbp promoter in cells derived from the CNS. The phosphorylated form (by SRPK2) is required for cellular apoptosis in response to cisplatin treatment (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Mat2a
gene id: 10090:Mat2a
uniprot id: Q3THS6
uniprot id: Q99J57
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: According to a report, N6-methylation of MAT2A affects MAT2A mRNA stability instead of preventing splicing (PubMed:29262316). However, it was later shown that N6-methylation of MAT2A transcripts prevents recognition of their 3'-splice site by U2AF1/U2AF35, thereby inhibiting splicing and protein production (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the AdoMet synthase family.
messages: Binds 1 potassium ion per subunit. The potassium ion interacts primarily with the substrate.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. The magnesium ions interact primarily with the substrate.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP.
messages: Catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. The reaction comprises two steps that are both catalyzed by the same enzyme: formation of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) and triphosphate, and subsequent hydrolysis of the triphosphate.
messages: Heterotrimer; composed of a catalytic MAT2A homodimer that binds one regulatory MAT2B chain. Heterohexamer; composed of a central, catalytic MAT2A homotetramer flanked on either side by a regulatory MAT2B chain.
messages: Protein expression is regulated by post-transcriptional regulation: in presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine, METTL16 binds and methylates the first hairpin of the 3'-UTR region of MAT2A mRNA, preventing recognition of their 3'-splice site by U2AF1/U2AF35, thereby inhibiting splicing and protein production of S-adenosylmethionine synthase. In S-adenosyl-L-methionine-limiting conditions, METTL16 binds the 3'-UTR region of MAT2A mRNA without methylating it due to the lack of a methyl donor, preventing N6-methylation and promoting expression of MAT2A.

10090:Mindy2
gene id: 10090:Mindy2
uniprot id: A0A1L1STF0
uniprot id: Q6PDI6
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MINDY deubiquitinase family. FAM63 subfamily.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Hydrolase that can remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins. Can also bind to polyubiquitin chains of different linkage types, including 'Lys-6', 'Lys-11', 'Lys-29', 'Lys-33' and 'Lys-63'. May play a regulatory role at the level of protein turnover.
messages: Hydrolase that can specifically remove 'Lys-48'-linked conjugated ubiquitin from proteins. Has exodeubiquitinase activity and has a preference for long polyubiquitin chains. May play a regulatory role at the level of protein turnover.

10090:Raf1
gene id: 10090:Raf1
uniprot id: Q99N57
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. RAF subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methylated at Arg-563 in response to EGF treatment. This modification leads to destabilization of the protein, possibly through proteasomal degradation.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homodimer (By similarity). Heterodimerizes with BRAF and this heterodimer possesses a highly increased kinase activity compared to the respective homodimers or monomers (By similarity). Heterodimerization is mitogen-regulated and enhanced by 14-3-3 proteins (By similarity). MAPK1/ERK2 activation can induce a negative feedback that promotes the dissociation of the heterodimer (By similarity). Forms a multiprotein complex with Ras (M-Ras/MRAS), SHOC2 and protein phosphatase 1 (PPP1CA, PPP1CB and PPP1CC) (By similarity). Interacts with LZTR1 (By similarity). Interacts with Ras proteins; the interaction is antagonized by RIN1 (By similarity). Weakly interacts with RIT1 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with RGS14 (via RBD domains); the interaction mediates the formation of a ternary complex with BRAF, a ternary complex inhibited by GNAI1 (By similarity). Probably forms a complex composed of chaperones HSP90 and HSP70, co-chaperones CDC37, PPP5C, TSC1 and client protein TSC2, CDK4, AKT, RAF1 and NR3C1; this complex does not contain co-chaperones STIP1/HOP and PTGES3/p23 (By similarity). Interacts with STK3/MST2; the interaction inhibits its pro-apoptotic activity (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-259) with YWHAZ (unphosphorylated at 'Thr-232') (By similarity). Interacts with MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP3K5/ASF1 (via N-terminus) and this interaction inhibits the proapoptotic function of MAP3K5/ASK1 (By similarity). Interacts with PAK1 (via kinase domain) (By similarity). The Ser-338 and Ser-339 phosphorylated form (by PAK1) interacts with BCL2 (By similarity). Interacts with PEBP1/RKIP and this interaction is enhanced if RAF1 is phosphorylated on residues Ser-338, Ser-339, Tyr-340 and Tyr-341 (By similarity). Interacts with ADCY2, ADCY5, ADCY6, DGKH, RCAN1/DSCR1, PPP1R12A, PKB/AKT1, SPRY2, SPRY4, CNKSR1/CNK1, KSR2 and PHB/prohibitin (By similarity). The phosphorylated form interacts…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-269, Ser-338, Tyr-341, Thr-491 and Ser-494 results in its activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-29, Ser-43, Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-642 by MAPK1/ERK2 results in its inactivation. Phosphorylation at Ser-259 induces the interaction with YWHAZ and inactivates kinase activity. Dephosphorylation of Ser-259 by the complex containing protein phosphatase 1, SHOC2 and M-Ras/MRAS relieves inactivation, leading to stimulate RAF1 activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-338 by PAK1 and PAK5 and Ser-339 by PAK1 is required for its mitochondrial localization (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-621 in response to growth factor treatment stabilizes the protein, possibly by preventing proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation at Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301, Ser-338 and Ser-621 are somehow linked to the methylation potential of cells. Treatment of cells with HGF in the presence of the methylation inhibitor 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) results in increased phosphorylation at Ser-338 and Ser-621 and decreased phosphorylation at Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-338. Dephosphorylation at Ser-338 by PPP5C results in a decreased of activity (By similarity).
messages: Present in all tissues tested: testis, ovary, small intestine, colon, peripheral blood leukocytes, fetal liver, bone marrow, thymus, lymph node and spleen, and the cell lines melanoma G-361, lung carcinoma A-549, colorectal adenocarcinoma SW480, Burkitt's lymphoma Raji and lymphoblastic leukemia MOLT-4. In skeletal muscle, isoform 1 is more abundant than isoform 2.
messages: Regulation is a highly complex process involving membrane recruitment, protein-protein interactions, dimerization, and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events. Ras-GTP recruits RAF1 to the membrane, thereby promoting its activation. The inactive conformation of RAF1 is maintained by autoinhibitory interactions occurring between the N-terminal regulatory and the C-terminal catalytic domains and by the binding of a 14-3-3 protein that contacts two phosphorylation sites, Ser-259 and Ser-621. Upon mitogenic stimulation, Ras and PPP2R1A cooperate to release autoinhibition and the subsequent phosphorylation of activating sites: Ser-338, Tyr-341, Thr-491, and Ser-494, yields a fully active kinase. Through a negative feedback mechanism involving MAPK1/ERK2, RAF1 is phosphorylated on Ser-29, Ser-43, Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-642 by MAPK1/ERK2, which yields an inactive, desensitized kinase. The signaling-competent conformation of RAF1 is finally re-established by the coordinated action of PIN1, a prolyl isomerase that converts pSer and pThr residues from the cis to the trans conformation, which is preferentially recognized and dephosphorylated by PPP2R1A. Activated by homodimerization and heterodimerization (with BRAF). Also regulated through association with other proteins such as KSR2, CNKSR1/CNK1, PEBP1/RKIP, PHB/prohibitin and SPRY4. PEBP1/RKIP acts by dissociating RAF1 from its substrates MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2. PHB/prohibitin facilitates the displacement of 14-3-3 from RAF1 by activated Ras, thereby promoting cell membrane localization and phosphorylation of RAF1 at the activating Ser-338. SPRY4 inhibits Ras-independent, but not Ras-dependent, activation of RAF1. CNKSR1/CNK1 regulates Src-mediated RAF1 activation (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation (By similarity). Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing.

10090:Cd83
gene id: 10090:Cd83
uniprot id: O88324
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed in spleen and brain, but is also detected in most tissues analyzed.
messages: May play a significant role in antigen presentation or the cellular interactions that follow lymphocyte activation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.

10090:Slc6a19
gene id: 10090:Slc6a19
uniprot id: Q3KN89
uniprot id: Q9D687
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A19 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit reduced growth, impaired body weight control, insulin response and amino acid absorption and excretion.
messages: Interacts in a tissue-specific manner with ACE2 in small intestine and with CLTRN in the kidney (PubMed:19185582, PubMed:17167413). Interacts with CLTRN; this interaction is required for trafficking of SLC6A19 to the plasma membrane and for its catalytic activation in kidneys (PubMed:17167413). Interacts with ACE2; this interaction is required for trafficking of SLC6A19 to the plasma membrane and for its catalytic activation in intestine (PubMed:19185582). Interacts with ANPEP; the interaction positively regulates its amino acid transporter activity (PubMed:22677001).
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in kidney and small intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:15044460, PubMed:19185582). Expressed in the intestinal brush border (at protein level) (PubMed:22677001). Expression not observed in other organs, such as lung, skeletal muscle, brain, liver and pancreas. In kidney, expression is localized in the renal cortex but not in the medulla. Substantial amounts of expression in the proximal tubules. The distal nephron segments and the glomeruli are consistently negative. In the small intestine, expression is exclusively localized in villus enterocytes. High resolution of the hybridization-positive villi reveals a gradient of expression with the highest levels in apical cells. Not detected in crypt cells or in any other cell types of the small intestine.
messages: Transporter that mediates resorption of neutral amino acids across the apical membrane of renal and intestinal epithelial cells (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:17167413, PubMed:26240152, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:15044460). This uptake is sodium-dependent and chloride-independent (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:15044460, PubMed:21636576, PubMed:26240152). Requires CLTRN in kidney or ACE2 in intestine for cell surface expression and amino acid transporter activity (PubMed:18424768, PubMed:17167413, PubMed:19185582, PubMed:22677001).

10090:Selp
gene id: 10090:Selp
uniprot id: Q01102
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the selectin/LECAM family.
messages: By TNF-alpha. Induced expression in lung, liver, kidney and heart after endotoxin treatment.
messages: Ca(2+)-dependent receptor for myeloid cells that binds to carbohydrates on neutrophils and monocytes. Mediates the interaction of activated endothelial cells or platelets with leukocytes. The ligand recognized is sialyl-Lewis X. Mediates rapid rolling of leukocyte rolling over vascular surfaces during the initial steps in inflammation through interaction with SELPLG.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with SNX17. Interacts with SELPLG/PSGL1 and PODXL2 and mediates neutrophil adhesion and leukocyte rolling. This interaction requires the sialyl-Lewis X epitope of SELPLG and PODXL2, and specific tyrosine sulfation on SELPLG.
messages: Stored in the alpha-granules of platelets and Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells. Upon cell activation by agonists, P-selectin is transported rapidly to the cell surface.

10090:Fam107a
gene id: 10090:Fam107a
uniprot id: Q78TU8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in septum, the neocortex, the CA3 region of the hippocampus and the cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with ACTB (PubMed:21969592). Interacts with F-actin (PubMed:21969592). Interacts with PRDX1 (PubMed:21969592). Interacts with COMMD1; this interaction stabilizes COMMD1 in the nucleus (By similarity). Interacts with MAP1A (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Stress-inducible actin-binding protein that plays a role in synaptic and cognitive functions by modulating actin filamentous (F-actin) dynamics (PubMed:21969592). Mediates polymerization of globular actin to F-actin (PubMed:21969592). Also binds to, stabilizes and bundles F-actin (PubMed:21969592). Involved in synaptic function by regulating neurite outgrowth in an actin-dependent manner and for the acquisition of hippocampus-dependent cognitive function, such as learning and long-term memory (PubMed:21969592). Plays a role in the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton organization; negatively regulates focal adhesion (FA) assembly promoting malignant glial cell migration in an actin-, microtubule- and MAP1A-dependent manner. Also involved in neuroblastoma G1/S phase cell cycle progression and cell proliferation inhibition by stimulating ubiquitination of NF-kappa-B subunit RELA and NF-kappa-B degradation in a COMMD1- and actin-dependent manner. May play a role in tumor development (By similarity).
messages: Synapse
messages: Up-regulated in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the CA3 region of the hippocampus of the brain in response to postnatal maternal separation or food deprivation and glucocorticoids stimulation in adult animals (PubMed:21969592). Up-regulated in CA1, CA3 and dente gyrus regions of the hippocampus in response to acute social defeat stress or glucocorticoids stimulation (PubMed:25637808).
messages: focal adhesion
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: stress fiber

10090:Tmem145
gene id: 10090:Tmem145
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPQ2
uniprot id: E9PUE6
uniprot id: Q8C4U2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem248
gene id: 10090:Tmem248
uniprot id: Q3TBN1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM248 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:4921507P07Rik
gene id: 10090:4921507P07Rik
uniprot id: Q9D5Y0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: centrosome

10090:Prdm11
gene id: 10090:Prdm11
uniprot id: A2AGX3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be involved in transcription regulation.
messages: Mutant mice are born in expected Mendelian ratios and exhibit no apparent phenotype. Mutant embryonic fibroblasts show an increased oncogenic transformation capacity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed, with the highest levels in spleen, lung, mesenteric lymph node and kidney. Among splenocytes, predominantly expressed by B-cells (at protein level).

10090:Serpinb3a
gene id: 10090:Serpinb3a
uniprot id: G3X9V8
uniprot id: Q8BG86
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Rps26
gene id: 10090:Rps26
uniprot id: P62855
uniprot id: Q497N1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS26 family.
messages: Component of the 40S small ribosomal subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr187
gene id: 10090:Olfr187
uniprot id: E9QNM5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Calml3
gene id: 10090:Calml3
uniprot id: Q9D6P8
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calmodulin family.
messages: Binds four calcium ions.
messages: Interacts with MYO10, the interaction is calcium-dependent and essential for MYO10 function in filopodial extension.
messages: May function as a specific light chain of unconventional myosin-10 (MYO10), also enhances MYO10 translation, possibly by acting as a chaperone for the emerging MYO10 heavy chain protein. May compete with calmodulin by binding, with different affinities, to cellular substrates (By similarity).

10090:Ccdc174
gene id: 10090:Ccdc174
uniprot id: Q3U155
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably involved in neuronal development.

10090:Tbkbp1
gene id: 10090:Tbkbp1
uniprot id: A2A9T0
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein which constitutively binds TBK1 and IKBKE playing a role in antiviral innate immunity. Essential for the efficient induction of IRF-dependent transcription following infection with Sendai virus.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17568778). May form a heterodimer with NAP1. Interacts with TKB1 and IKBKE (PubMed:17568778). Weakly interacts with DDX3X (By similarity).

10090:Khdrbs1
gene id: 10090:Khdrbs1
uniprot id: Q60749
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated. Positively correlates with ability to bind RNA (By similarity).
messages: Arginine methylation is required for nuclear localization. Inhibits interaction with Src-like SH3 domains, but not interaction with WW domains of WBP4/FBP21 and FNBP4/FBP30 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the KHDRBS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In adult cerebellum expressed in most neuronal cell populations, specifically in cerebellar granule cells of the internal granular layer, ROR(alpha)-positive Purkinje cells, internal granular layer and molecular layer interneurons (at protein level).
messages: In the developing cerebellum expression is high at birth and declines over the first 3 weeks. At P7 highly expressed in granule cell precursor cells in the external granular layer and mature granule cells of the internal granule layer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recruited and tyrosine phosphorylated by several receptor systems, for example the T-cell, leptin and insulin receptors. Once phosphorylated, functions as an adapter protein in signal transduction cascades by binding to SH2 and SH3 domain-containing proteins. Role in G2-M progression in the cell cycle. Represses CBP-dependent transcriptional activation apparently by competing with other nuclear factors for binding to CBP. Also acts as a putative regulator of mRNA stability and/or translation rates and mediates mRNA nuclear export. Positively regulates the association of constitutive transport element (CTE)-containing mRNA with large polyribosomes and translation initiation. May not be involved in the nucleocytoplasmic export of unspliced (CTE)-containing RNA species. RNA-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing and influences mRNA splice site selection and exon inclusion. Binds to RNA containing 5'-[AU]UAA-3' as a bipartite motif spaced by more than 15 nucleotides. Binds poly(A). In cooperation with HNRNPA1 modulates alternative splicing of BCL2L1 by promoting splicing toward isoform Bcl-X(S), and of SMN1 (By similarity). Can regulate CD44 alternative splicing in a Ras pathway-dependent manner. Can regulate alternative splicing of NRXN1 and NRXN3 in the laminin G-like domain 6 containing the evolutionary conserved neurexin alternative spliced segment 4 (AS4) involved in neurexin selective targeting to postsynaptic partners. In a neuronal activity-dependent manner cooperates synergistically with KHDRBS2/SLIM-1 in regulation of NRXN1 exon skipping at AS4. The cooperation with KHDRBS2/SLIM-1 is antagonistic for regulation of NXRN3 alternative splicing at AS4 (PubMed:12478298, PubMed:22196734, PubMed:24469635).
messages: Self-associates to form homooligomers when bound to RNA, oligomerization appears to be limited when binding to proteins (PubMed:9315629). Interacts with KHDRBS3/SLIM-2 and KHDRBS2/SLIM-1; heterooligomer formation of KHDRBS family proteins may modulate RNA substrate specificity (PubMed:10077576, PubMed:24469635). Interacts with RASA1, FYN, GRB2, PLCG1, SRC, RBMY1A1, CBP, PRMT1 (PubMed:7799925, PubMed:7512695, PubMed:10077576, PubMed:10823932, PubMed:12496368, PubMed:12529443). Interacts with PTK6 (via SH3 and SH2 domains). Forms a complex with ILF2, ILF3, YLPM1, RBMX, NCOA5 and PPP1CA. Binds WBP4/FBP21 (via WW domains), FNBP4/FBP30 (via WW domains). Interacts (via Arg/Gly-rich-flanked Pro-rich regions) with FYN (via the SH3 domain). Interacts with APC, HNRNPA1 (By similarity). Interacts with the non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRMS; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of KHDRBS1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZBTB7A; negatively regulates KHDRBS1 splicing activity toward BCL2L1 (By similarity).
messages: The KH domain is required for binding to RNA.
messages: The Pro-rich domains are flanked by Arg/Gly-rich motifs which can be asymmetric dimethylated on arginine residues to give the DMA/Gly-rich regions. Selective methylation on these motifs can modulate protein-protein interactions (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated by several non-receptor tyrosine kinases including LCK, FYN and JAK3. Also tyrosine phosphorylated by the non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRMS in an EGF-dependent manner (By similarity). Phosphorylation by PTK6 negatively regulates its RNA binding ability. Phosphorylation by PTK6 at Tyr-440 dictates the nuclear localization of KHDRBS1. Phosphorylation by MAPK1 at Ser-58, Thr-71 and Thr-84 regulates CD44 alternative splicing by promoting CD44 exon v5 inclusion.

10090:Nipa2
gene id: 10090:Nipa2
uniprot id: Q9JJC8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a selective Mg(2+) transporter.
messages: Belongs to the NIPA family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Up-regulated by low magnesium ion levels.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at high levels in the kidney.

10090:Mbnl2
gene id: 10090:Mbnl2
uniprot id: Q8C181
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the muscleblind family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ITGA3.
messages: Mediates pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulation. Acts either as activator or repressor of splicing on specific pre-mRNA targets. Inhibits cardiac troponin-T (TNNT2) pre-mRNA exon inclusion but induces insulin receptor (IR) pre-mRNA exon inclusion in muscle. Antagonizes the alternative splicing activity pattern of CELF proteins. RNA-binding protein that binds to 5'ACACCC-3' core sequence, termed zipcode, within the 3'UTR of ITGA3. Binds to CUG triplet repeat expansion in myotonic dystrophy muscle cells by sequestering the target RNAs. Seems to regulate expression and localization of ITGA3 by transporting it from the nucleus to cytoplasm at adhesion plaques. May play a role in myotonic dystrophy pathophysiology (DM) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc37a1
gene id: 10090:Slc37a1
uniprot id: Q8R070
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Organophosphate:Pi antiporter (OPA) (TC 2.A.1.4) family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Inhibited by vanadate but not by chlorogenic acid.
messages: Inorganic phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate antiporter. May transport cytoplasmic glucose-6-phosphate into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and translocate inorganic phosphate into the opposite direction. Independent of a lumenal glucose-6-phosphatase. May not play a role in homeostatic regulation of blood glucose levels.

10090:Tbc1d9b
gene id: 10090:Tbc1d9b
uniprot id: Q5SVR0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May act as a GTPase-activating protein for Rab family protein(s).
messages: Membrane
messages: The arginine and glutamine fingers are critical for the GTPase-activating mechanism, they pull out Rab's 'switch 2' glutamine and insert in Rab's active site.

10090:Mmd
gene id: 10090:Mmd
uniprot id: Q9CQY7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ADIPOR family.
messages: Involved in the dynamics of lysosomal membranes associated with microglial activation following brain lesion.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Tyw3
gene id: 10090:Tyw3
uniprot id: E9PYE2
uniprot id: Q8BSA9
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TYW3 family.
messages: Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA (By similarity).
messages: Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA.

10090:Accsl
gene id: 10090:Accsl
uniprot id: Q3UX83
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: While belonging to the class-I pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family, it lacks a number of residues which are necessary for activity thus suggesting that it lacks enzymatic activity.

10090:Kcna4
gene id: 10090:Kcna4
uniprot id: Q61423
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.4/KCNA4 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain, lens and retina.
messages: Homotetramer and heterotetramer of potassium channel proteins (By similarity). Interacts with KCNAB1 and KCNAB2 (By similarity). Binds PDZ domains of DLG1, DLG2 and DLG4 (By similarity). Interacts with SIGMAR1 (By similarity). Detected in a complex with KCNA1 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNA2 (By similarity). Part of a complex containing KCNA1, KCNAB1 and LGI1 (By similarity). Interacts (via cytoplasmic N-terminal domain) with KCNRG (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminus may be important in determining the rate of inactivation of the channel while the tail may play a role in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.
messages: Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:8020965). Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, and possibly other family members as well; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (By similarity). Channel properties are modulated by cytoplasmic beta subunits that regulate the subcellular location of the alpha subunits and promote rapid inactivation. In vivo, membranes probably contain a mixture of heteromeric potassium channel complexes, making it difficult to assign currents observed in intact tissues to any particular potassium channel family member. Homotetrameric KCNA4 forms a potassium channel that opens in response to membrane depolarization, followed by rapid spontaneous channel closure (PubMed:8020965). Likewise, a heterotetrameric channel formed by KCNA1 and KCNA4 shows rapid inactivation (By similarity).
messages: axon

10090:Tmem102
gene id: 10090:Tmem102
uniprot id: Q3UPR7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with CSF2RB; this interaction occurs preferentially in the absence of CSF2.
messages: Selectively involved in CSF2 deprivation-induced apoptosis via a mitochondria-dependent pathway.

10090:Kdelr3
gene id: 10090:Kdelr3
uniprot id: Q8R1L4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ERD2 family.
messages: Binds the C-terminal sequence motif K-D-E-L in a hydrophilic cavity between the transmembrane domains. This triggers a conformation change that exposes a Lys-rich patch on the cytosolic surface of the protein (By similarity). This patch mediates recycling from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum, probably via COPI vesicles (By similarity).
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Receptor for the C-terminal sequence motif K-D-E-L that is present on endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins and that mediates their recycling from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum.

10090:Slc17a5
gene id: 10090:Slc17a5
uniprot id: Q8BN82
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Transports glucuronic acid and free sialic acid out of the lysosome after it is cleaved from sialoglycoconjugates undergoing degradation, this is required for normal CNS myelination. Mediates aspartate and glutamate membrane potential-dependent uptake into synaptic vesicles and synaptic-like microvesicles. Also functions as an electrogenic 2NO(3)(-)/H(+) cotransporter in the plasma membrane of salivary gland acinar cells, mediating the physiological nitrate efflux, 25% of the circulating nitrate ions is typically removed and secreted in saliva (By similarity).
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Ccl27a
gene id: 10090:Ccl27a
uniprot id: Q9Z1X0
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Chemotactic factor that attracts skin-associated memory T-lymphocytes. May play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to cutaneous sites. May play a role in cell migration during embryogenesis. Nuclear forms may facilitate cellular migration by inducing cytoskeletal relaxation. Binds to CCR10.
messages: Expressed during development.
messages: Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in placenta and weakly in skin. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in testes and brain, weakly in kidney and liver and even lower in heart and muscle. Low expression of both isoforms in other tissues.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator.
messages: Monomer, dimer, and tetramer. Heparin avidly promotes oligomerization. Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link domain).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted

10090:Casp4
gene id: 10090:Casp4
uniprot id: P70343
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) ADP-riboxanation by S.flexneri OspC3 blocks CASP4 autoprocessing, preventing CASP4 activation and ability to recognize and cleave GSDMD, thereby thwarting the inflammasome/pyroptosis-mediated defense.
messages: A variant of this gene has been observed in several 129 substrains, including 129/SvJ, 129S1/Sv, 129P3/J and 129S6/SvEvTac. This variant displays a 5-bp deletion encompassing the exon 7 splice acceptor junction. As a result, exon 7 is spliced out. Joining of exon 6 to exon 8 creates a frameshift after Pro-304 and a stop codon occurs after 5 aberrant amino acids. The mRNA may be the target of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. It is detected only at low levels, while the corresponding protein is not detected at all in any of the 129 substrains tested.
messages: Activated by homooligomerization induced by direct binding to cytosolic LPS, in a TLR4-independent manner.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C14A family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 20 kDa (Caspase-4 subunit p20) and a 10 kDa (Caspase-4 subunit p10) subunit (PubMed:32109412). Upon direct LPS-binding, forms large homooligomers, resulting in its activation. These oligomers are often referred to as 'non-canonical inflammasomes' (PubMed:25119034). In its precursor form, interacts with TMEM214; this interaction is required for association with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (By similarity). Interacts with CASP1 (By similarity). Interacts with NOD2 (By similarity). Interacts with Serpinb1a, Serpinb1b and Serpinb1c; these interactions regulate CASP4 activity (By similarity).
messages: Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 20 kDa (Caspase-4 subunit p20) and a 10 kDa (Caspase-4 subunit p10) subunit.
messages: In response to activation signals, including cholera enterotoxin subunit B, infection by E.coli or S.typhimurium or endoplasmic reticulum stress, undergoes autoproteolytic cleavage.
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Inflammatory caspase that acts as an essential effector of the NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasomes by mediating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pyroptosis (PubMed:23348507, PubMed:30392956). Thiol protease that cleaves a tetrapeptide after an Asp residue at position P1: catalyzes cleavage of CGAS, GSDMD and IL18 (PubMed:26375003, PubMed:30392956). Required for innate immunity to cytosolic, but not vacuolar, bacteria (PubMed:23348507). Plays a key role in NLRP3-dependent CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion in response to non-canonical activators, such as UVB radiation, cholera enterotoxin subunit B and cytosolic LPS (PubMed:8702803, PubMed:9038361, PubMed:22002608, PubMed:25119034). Activated by direct binding to LPS without the need of an upstream sensor (PubMed:25119034). Involved in NLRP6 inflammasome-dependent activation in response to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell-wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, which leads to CASP1 activation and IL1B and IL18 secretion (PubMed:30392956). Independently of NLRP3 inflammasome and CASP1, promotes pyroptosis, through GSDMD cleavage and activation, followed by IL1A, IL18 and HMGB1 release in response to non-canonical inflammasome activators (PubMed:22002608, PubMed:23348507, PubMed:26320999, PubMed:26375003). Plays a crucial role in the restriction of Salmonella typhimurium replication in colonic epithelial cells during infection: in later stages of the infection, LPS from cytosolic Salmonella triggers CASP4 activation, which catalyzes cleavage of GSDMD, resulting in pyroptosis of infected cells and their extrusion into the gut lumen, as well as in IL18 secretion (PubMed:25121752, PubMed:26375003, PubMed:34671164). Cleavage of GSDMD is not strictly dependent on the consensus cleavage site but depends on an exosite interface on CASP4 that recognizes and binds the Gasdermin-D, C-terminal (GSDMD-CT) part (PubMed:32109412, PubMed:32554464). Pyroptosis limits bacterial replication, while cytokine secretion promotes the re…
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mutant animals are largely resistant to LPS-induced lethal septic shock (PubMed:22002608, PubMed:26375259). However, they are susceptible to Burkholderia thailandensis infection, even at low bacterial doses (PubMed:26320999). During intestinal Salmonella Typhimurium infection, mutant animals display higher pathogen loads in their cecal tissues and lumen and lower levels of IL18 in cecal explants, associated with a significant reduction in cecal inflammation (PubMed:25121752). Bone-marrow-derived macrophages from knockout mice respond normally, in terms of IL1B secretion, to canonical inflammasome activators, such as ATP, monosodium urate, poly(dA:dT) double-stranded DNA, Francisella tularensis, flagellin or Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but fail to secrete IL1B in response to cholera enterotoxin subunit B. They also do not respond to live E.coli, C.rodentium and V.cholerae, with or without LPS priming (PubMed:22002608).
messages: Secreted
messages: The CARD domain mediates LPS recognition and homooligomerization.
messages: Up-regulated by LPS and E.coli (PubMed:8702803, PubMed:10986288, PubMed:22002608, PubMed:26375259). In LPS-induced lung inflammation, markedly up-regulated after 6 hours of treatment and decreases at 24 hours. The induction is dependent upon DDIT3/CHOP-mediated ER stress (at protein level) (PubMed:16670335). In the spleen and in bone marrow-derived macrophages, up-regulated by poly(I:C), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA (at protein level) (PubMed:26320999, PubMed:26375259). Also induced by IFNG and interferon-alpha. Up-regulated by R848, a TLR7 synthetic activator, and Pam3CysK4, a synthetic activator of TLR1/TLR2 (PubMed:26375259).
messages: Widely expressed, including in thymus, lung and spleen (at protein level). Very low levels, if any, in the brain.
messages: cytosol

10090:Fdps
gene id: 10090:Fdps
uniprot id: Q4FJN9
uniprot id: Q920E5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FPP/GGPP synthase family.
messages: Binds 2 Mg(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with RSAD2 (By similarity).
messages: Inactivated by interferon-induced RSAD2. This inactivation may result of disruption of lipid rafts at the plasma membrane, and thus have an antiviral effect since many enveloped viruses need lipid rafts to bud efficiently out of the cell (By similarity).
messages: Key enzyme in isoprenoid biosynthesis which catalyzes the formation of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), a precursor for several classes of essential metabolites including sterols, dolichols, carotenoids, and ubiquinones. FPP also serves as substrate for protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Catalyzes the sequential condensation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate with the allylic pyrophosphates, dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, and then with the resultant geranylpyrophosphate to the ultimate product farnesyl pyrophosphate (By similarity).

10090:Olfr610
gene id: 10090:Olfr610
uniprot id: E9Q598
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sohlh2
gene id: 10090:Sohlh2
uniprot id: Q9D489
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms both hetero- and homodimers with SOHLH1.
messages: In the embryonic gonads it is expressed as early as 13.5 dpc and later. In 3-day-old postnatal ovaries, it is expressed within oocytes in germ cell clusters and primordial follicles. In the adult, it is expressed only in small follicles, primary primordial and primary follicles. In testis, it is exclusively present in spermatogonia. Present at postnatal day 5, when spermatogonia stem cells differentiate into type A spermatogonia. Absent in Sertoli cells or spermatocytes (at protein level). Expressed in the germline as early as 12.5 dpc and precedes SOHLH1 protein expression, which occurred circa 15.5 dpc. SOHLH1 appearance at 15.5 dpc correlates with SOHLH2 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus (PubMed:28504655).
messages: Knockout mice are infertile. Infertility could not be rescued by SOHLH1 or SOHLH2 transgene expression due to a lack of expression of either genes in rescued animals.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Preferentially expressed in the adult ovary and testis. Expressed in the majority of spermatogonia in adult animals, but not in the most undifferentiated spermatogonial population (PubMed:22056784).
messages: Transcription regulator of both male and female germline differentiation. Suppresses genes involved in spermatogonial stem cells maintenance, and induces genes important for spermatogonial differentiation (PubMed:22056784). Coordinates oocyte differentiation without affecting meiosis I (PubMed:28504655).
messages: Up-regulated in mice lacking Sohlh1.

10090:Vmn1r15
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r15
uniprot id: Q14C10
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pglyrp2
gene id: 10090:Pglyrp2
uniprot id: A0A498WFR9
uniprot id: Q8VCS0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase 2 family.
messages: May play a scavenger role by digesting biologically active peptidoglycan (PGN) into biologically inactive fragments. Has no direct bacteriolytic activity.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in liver and fetal liver.

10090:Pbp2
gene id: 10090:Pbp2
uniprot id: E9QLE5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family.

10090:Slc6a15
gene id: 10090:Slc6a15
uniprot id: Q8BG16
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A15 subfamily.
messages: Detected throughout development, starting with the pre-implantation embryo.
messages: Functions as a sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter. Exhibits preference for methionine and for the branched-chain amino acids, particularly leucine, valine and isoleucine. Can also transport low-affinity substrates such as alanine, phenylalanine, glutamine and pipecolic acid (PubMed:16185194). Mediates the saturable, pH-sensitive and electrogenic cotransport of proline and sodium ions with a stoichiometry of 1:1. May have a role as transporter for neurotransmitter precursors into neurons. In contrast to other members of the neurotransmitter transporter family, does not appear to be chloride-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile and fail to demonstrate any striking abnormality in motor and sensory functions. Other transporters could help to compensate for lost of SLC6A15.
messages: Significant expressed in brain, lung and kidney. In brain, mainly expressed int the cortex, the cerebellum and the brain stem.

10090:Scamp5
gene id: 10090:Scamp5
uniprot id: Q9JKD3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SCAMP family. SCAMP5 subfamily.
messages: Brain-specific.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed late in development coincident with the elaboration of mature synapses.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts (via C-terminal part) with SYT1 and SYT2; interaction with synaptotagmins making a link with the SNARE molecules. Interacts with SLC9A7 (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Required for the calcium-dependent exocytosis of signal sequence-containing cytokines such as CCL5. Probably acts in cooperation with the SNARE machinery (By similarity).
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Olfr561
gene id: 10090:Olfr561
uniprot id: Q8VGZ6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tdh
gene id: 10090:Tdh
uniprot id: Q8K3F7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family.
messages: Catalyzes the NAD(+)-dependent oxidation of L-threonine to 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate, mediating L-threonine catabolism.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Trappc3l
gene id: 10090:Trappc3l
uniprot id: Q4KL14
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Homodimer. Component of the multisubunit TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex, which includes at least TRAPPC2, TRAPPC2L, TRAPPC3, TRAPPC3L, TRAPPC4, TRAPPC5, TRAPPC8, TRAPPC9, TRAPPC10, TRAPPC11 and TRAPPC12 (By similarity).
messages: May play a role in vesicular transport from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi.
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Mtfp1
gene id: 10090:Mtfp1
uniprot id: Q9CRB8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MTFP1 family.
messages: Involved in the mitochondrial division probably by regulating membrane fission. Loss-of-function leads to apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Plac1
gene id: 10090:Plac1
uniprot id: Q9JI83
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PLAC1 family.
messages: Expressed in placenta.
messages: May play a role in placental development.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed at 7 dpc and gradually declines with the progression of embryogenesis. Expression detected from 7.5 to 14.5 dpc in ectoplacental cone, trophoblast giant cells, and labyrinthine trophoblasts.

10090:Ly6g6c
gene id: 10090:Ly6g6c
uniprot id: Q9Z1Q4
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed at the leading edges of cells, on filopodia.
messages: Monomer.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Ubr7
gene id: 10090:Ubr7
uniprot id: Q8BU04
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which is a component of the N-end rule pathway. Recognizes and binds to proteins bearing specific N-terminal residues that are destabilizing according to the N-end rule, leading to their ubiquitination and subsequent degradation.
messages: Expressed in testis and sperm (at protein level).

10090:Olfr1368
gene id: 10090:Olfr1368
uniprot id: Q8VFG3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Art4
gene id: 10090:Art4
uniprot id: Q9CRA0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Arg-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Alox5ap
gene id: 10090:Alox5ap
uniprot id: P30355
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAPEG family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with LTC4S and ALOX5.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Required for leukotriene biosynthesis by ALOX5 (5-lipoxygenase). Anchors ALOX5 to the membrane. Binds arachidonic acid, and could play an essential role in the transfer of arachidonic acid to ALOX5. Binds to MK-886, a compound that blocks the biosynthesis of leukotrienes (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminal part after residue 140 is mostly disordered.

10090:Lyrm7
gene id: 10090:Lyrm7
uniprot id: Q9DA03
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Assembly factor required for Rieske Fe-S protein UQCRFS1 incorporation into the cytochrome b-c1 (CIII) complex. Functions as a chaperone, binding to this subunit within the mitochondrial matrix and stabilizing it prior to its translocation and insertion into the late CIII dimeric intermediate within the mitochondrial inner membrane (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the complex I LYR family.
messages: Interacts with UQCRFS1.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Prss33
gene id: 10090:Prss33
uniprot id: Q80WM7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Not glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine protease that has amidolytic activity, cleaving its substrates before Arg residues.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Rpl36a
gene id: 10090:Rpl36a
uniprot id: P83882
uniprot id: Q5M9P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL42 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Tmem237
gene id: 10090:Tmem237
uniprot id: Q3V0J1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM237 family.
messages: Component of the transition zone in primary cilia. Required for ciliogenesis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex). Interacts with TMEM107.
messages: cilium

10090:Mrm2
gene id: 10090:Mrm2
uniprot id: Q9CPY0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. RNA methyltransferase RlmE family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of 2'-O-methyluridine at position 1369 (Um1369) in the 16S mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal RNA (mtLSU rRNA), a universally conserved modification in the peptidyl transferase domain of the mtLSU rRNA.

10090:Mga
gene id: 10090:Mga
uniprot id: A2AWL7
uniprot id: E9QLG3
uniprot id: H7BX50
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of some MLL1/MLL complex, at least composed of the core components KMT2A/MLL1, ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1, WDR5 and RBBP5, as well as the facultative components BAP18, CHD8, E2F6, HSP70, INO80C, KANSL1, LAS1L, MAX, MCRS1, MGA, MYST1/MOF, PELP1, PHF20, PRP31, RING2, RUVB1/TIP49A, RUVB2/TIP49B, SENP3, TAF1, TAF4, TAF6, TAF7, TAF9 and TEX10. Interacts with ZMYND11 (By similarity). Interacts with MAX. Requires heterodimerization with MAX for E-box binding.
messages: Expressed at 9.5 dpc, 10 dpc and 10.5 dpc in the limb buds, branchial arches and the tail region.
messages: Functions as a dual-specificity transcription factor, regulating the expression of both MAX-network and T-box family target genes. Functions as a repressor or an activator. Binds to 5'-AATTTCACACCTAGGTGTGAAATT-3' core sequence and seems to regulate MYC-MAX target genes. Suppresses transcriptional activation by MYC and inhibits MYC-dependent cell transformation. Function activated by heterodimerization with MAX. This heterodimerization serves the dual function of both generating an E-box-binding heterodimer and simultaneously blocking interaction of a corepressor.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription repression is enhanced or dependent on the presence of the T-box DNA-binding domain.

10090:Rc3h2
gene id: 10090:Rc3h2
uniprot id: A2AVP4
uniprot id: P0C090
uniprot id: Q148V4
uniprot id: Q148V5
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binding to dsRNA, but not CDE RNA, crosstalks with the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and may inhibit ubiquitination.
messages: HEPN (higher eukaryotes and prokaryotes nucleotide-binding) are observed in both N- and C-terminal sides of ROQ domain with 3D structure even if they are poredcted on the basis of sequence.
messages: Highest levels in lymph node and thymus and slightly lesser amounts in brain, lung, and spleen (at protein level). Very weak expression in heart, muscle, and kidney (at protein level). Expressed in CD4(+) helper T-cells (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with EDC4 (PubMed:23583643). Interacts with CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex (PubMed:23663784). Interacts with MAP3K5; the interaction is probably stimulus-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Mutant animals are born at Mendelian ratio, but very few reach adulthood, a large proportion die within the first days after birth. Lethality can be rescued by changing the genetic background from C57BL/6 to outbred NMRI, on which mutant animals appear healthy and fertile, although smaller. Immune cell homeostasis is normal (PubMed:23583643). However, Mice lacking both Rc3h1 and Rc3h2 genes in CD4(+) T-cells develop lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly with increased spleen weight and cellularity, already at young age. They show a prominent lung pathology with a progressive reduction in the alveolar space concomitant with inflammation. They show an average survival of 130 days. CD4(+) T-cells of these mutants show a pronounced bias toward Th17 differentiation (PubMed:23583643, PubMed:25282160).
messages: P-body
messages: Post-transcriptional repressor of mRNAs containing a conserved stem loop motif, called constitutive decay element (CDE), which is often located in the 3'-UTR, as in HMGXB3, ICOS, IER3, NFKBID, NFKBIZ, PPP1R10, TNF and in many more mRNAs. Binds to CDE and promotes mRNA deadenylation and degradation. This process does not involve miRNAs (PubMed:23663784). In follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, represses of ICOS and TNFRSF4 expression, thus preventing spontaneous Tfh cell differentiation, germinal center B-cell differentiation in the absence of immunization and autoimmunity. In resting or LPS-stimulated macrophages, controls inflammation by suppressing TNF expression. Also recognizes CDE in its own mRNA and in that of paralogous RC3H1, possibly leading to feedback loop regulation (PubMed:23583643, PubMed:23583642). Inhibits cooperatively with ZC3H12A the differentiation of helper T cells Th17 in lungs. They repress target mRNA encoding the Th17 cell-promoting factors IL6, ICOS, REL, IRF4, NFKBID and NFKBIZ. The cooperation requires RNA-binding by RC3H1 and the nuclease activity of ZC3H12A (PubMed:25282160). miRNA-binding protein that regulates microRNA homeostasis. Enhances DICER-mediated processing of pre-MIR146a but reduces mature MIR146a levels through an increase of 3' end uridylation. Both inhibits ICOS mRNA expression and they may act together to exert the suppression (PubMed:25697406). Acts as a ubiquitin E3 ligase. Pairs with E2 enzymes UBE2B, UBE2D2, UBE2E2, UBE2E3, UBE2G2, UBE2K and UBE2Q2 and produces polyubiquitin chains. Shows the strongest activity when paired with UBE2N:UBE2V1 or UBE2N:UBE2V2 E2 complexes and generate both short and long polyubiquitin chains. Involved in the ubiquitination of MAP3K5 (By similarity). Able to interact with double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by MALT1 in activated CD4(+) T cells; cleavage at Arg-509 is critical for promoting RC3H1 degradation in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, and hence is necessary for prolonging the stability of a set of mRNAs controlling Th17 cell differentiation.
messages: The RING-type zinc finger is required for proper localization to stress granules, but not to P-bodies.
messages: The ROQ region is required for CDE RNA-binding. Has 2 separate RNA-binding sites, one for CDE RNA and the other for dsRNA (PubMed:23663784). It may also be involved in localization to stress granules (By similarity).

10090:Acvrl1
gene id: 10090:Acvrl1
uniprot id: Q61288
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. TGFB receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Type I receptor for TGF-beta family ligands BMP9/GDF2 and BMP10 and important regulator of normal blood vessel development. On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators. May bind activin as well.

10090:Spns2
gene id: 10090:Spns2
uniprot id: Q91VM4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Spinster (TC 2.A.1.49) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice are viable, do not exhibit cardiac defects or embryonic lethality, and are generally normal and fertile (PubMed:22664872, PubMed:22406534). Deficient mice have decreased levels of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and dihydro-S1P in blood, accompanied by increases in very long chain ceramide species, and have defective lymphocyte trafficking (PubMed:22664872, PubMed:22406534, PubMed:23180825). S1P levels are increased in lymph from deficient mice as well as in specific tissues, including lymph nodes, and interstitial fluid (PubMed:23180825). Moreover, these mice have aberrant lymphatic sinus that appeared collapsed, with reduced numbers of lymphocytes (PubMed:23180825). Mice display marked accumulation of mature T-cells in thymus and decreased numbers of peripheral T-cells in blood and secondary lymphoid organs (PubMed:22406534, PubMed:34260944). Mature recirculating B-cells are reduced in frequency in the bone marrow as well as in blood and secondary lymphoid organs (PubMed:22406534). Mice do not show defects in S1P release from blood cells (PubMed:22406534). Knockout mice are protected against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (PubMed:34260944). Mutants also show a profound hearing impairment, characterized by a progressive degeneration of sensory hair cells in the organ of Corti (PubMed:25356849, PubMed:30973865). Hearing loss is caused by a decline in the endocochlear potential (PubMed:25356849). Conditional deletion in the cochlea causes early onset progressive hearing loss (PubMed:25356849). In contrast, hearing impairment is not observed in mice with targeted deletion in red blood cells, platelets, lymphatic or vascular endothelial cells (PubMed:25356849).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expression is high in the lungs and liver, low in the lymph nodes, spleen and bone marrow, and very low but detectable in the thymus (PubMed:22664872). Not expressed in red blood cells (PubMed:23103166). Also expressed in the inner ear: expressed in the cochlea, both in the lateral wall and organ of Corti (PubMed:25356849).
messages: Lipid transporter that specifically mediates export of sphingosine-1-phosphate (sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate, S1P) and sphinganine-1-phosphate in the lymph, thereby playing a role in lymphocyte trafficking (PubMed:22664872, PubMed:23103166, PubMed:22406534, PubMed:23180825, PubMed:34260944). S1P is a bioactive signaling molecule that regulates many physiological processes important for the development and for the immune system (PubMed:22664872, PubMed:23103166, PubMed:22406534, PubMed:23180825, PubMed:34260944). Regulates levels of S1P and the S1P gradient that exists between the high circulating concentrations of S1P and low tissue levels that control lymphocyte trafficking (PubMed:22664872, PubMed:22406534, PubMed:23180825, PubMed:34260944). Required for the egress of T-cells from lymph nodes during an immune response by mediating S1P secretion, which generates a gradient that enables activated T-cells to access lymph (PubMed:22406534, PubMed:34260944). Also required for the egress of immature B-cells from the bone marrow (PubMed:22406534). In contrast, it does not mediate S1P release from red blood cells (PubMed:23103166, PubMed:22406534). Involved in auditory function: S1P release in the inner ear is required for maintenance of the endocochlear potential in the cochlea (PubMed:25356849). In addition to export, also able to mediate S1P import (PubMed:33785361).

10090:Slco6d1
gene id: 10090:Slco6d1
uniprot id: Q14DL2
uniprot id: Q9D5W6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Dck
gene id: 10090:Dck
uniprot id: P43346
uniprot id: Q545E8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DCK/DGK family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated and activated in vitro upon phosphorylation at Ser-74 by CSNK1D/CK1.
messages: Phosphorylates the deoxyribonucleosides deoxycytidine, deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine.

10090:Rcn1
gene id: 10090:Rcn1
uniprot id: Q05186
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CREC family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: May regulate calcium-dependent activities in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen or post-ER compartment.
messages: O-glycosylated. O-mannosylated by POMT1 and POMT2 and elongated by POMGNT1.
messages: This protein has four functional calcium-binding sites; potential sites II and VI have lost affinity for calcium.

10090:Car1
gene id: 10090:Car1
uniprot id: P13634
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-carbonic anhydrase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by acetazolamide.

10090:Tmprss4
gene id: 10090:Tmprss4
uniprot id: Q8VCA5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Plasma membrane-anchored serine protease that directly induces processing of pro-uPA/PLAU into the active form through proteolytic activity (By similarity). Seems to be capable of activating ENaC (PubMed:12149280).
messages: Proteolytically processed; probably by an autocatalytic mechanism.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fap
gene id: 10090:Fap
uniprot id: P97321
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S9B family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface
messages: Cell surface glycoprotein serine protease that participates in extracellular matrix degradation and involved in many cellular processes including tissue remodeling, fibrosis, wound healing, inflammation and tumor growth. Both plasma membrane and soluble forms exhibit post-proline cleaving endopeptidase activity, with a marked preference for Ala/Ser-Gly-Pro-Ser/Asn/Ala consensus sequences, on substrate such as alpha-2-antiplasmin SERPINF2 and SPRY2. Degrade also gelatin, heat-denatured type I collagen, but not native collagen type I and IV, vibronectin, tenascin, laminin, fibronectin, fibrin or casein. Also has dipeptidyl peptidase activity, exhibiting the ability to hydrolyze the prolyl bond two residues from the N-terminus of synthetic dipeptide substrates provided that the penultimate residue is proline, with a preference for Ala-Pro, Ile-Pro, Gly-Pro, Arg-Pro and Pro-Pro. Natural neuropeptide hormones for dipeptidyl peptidase are the neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), substance P (TAC1) and brain natriuretic peptide 32 (NPPB). The plasma membrane form, in association with either DPP4, PLAUR or integrins, is involved in the pericellular proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and hence promotes cell adhesion, migration and invasion through the ECM. Plays a role in tissue remodeling during development and wound healing. Participates in the cell invasiveness towards the ECM in malignant melanoma cancers. Enhances tumor growth progression by increasing angiogenesis, collagen fiber degradation and apoptosis and by reducing antitumor response of the immune system. Promotes glioma cell invasion through the brain parenchyma by degrading the proteoglycan brevican. Acts as a tumor suppressor in melanocytic cells through regulation of cell proliferation and survival in a serine protease activity-independent manner.
messages: Expressed in developing myotubes at 11.5 dpc. Expressed in the dermomyotome component of the somites at 12.5 dpc. Expressed in fibroblasts at 13 dpc. Expressed in the perichondrial mesenchymal cells from the cartilage primordium of the ribs and in the scattered developing intercostal muscle fibs at 16.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the primitive mesenchymal condensation adjacent to the eye and in primitive mesenchymal cells surrounding the cartilaginous primordia of the bones at 13.5 dpc.
messages: Expressed strongly in uterus, pancreas, submaxillary gland and skin, less in lymph node, ovary, skeletal muscle, adrenal and bone marrow. Expressed in reactive stromal fibroblast in epithelial cancers. Expressed in melanocytes but not melanomas (at protein level). Detected in fibroblasts, in placenta, uterus, embryos from day 7-19 and in newborn mice (P1).
messages: Gelatinase activity is inhibited by serine-protease inhibitors, such as phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF), 4-amidino phenylsulfonyl fluoride (APSF) and diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Dipeptidyl peptidase activity is inhibited by 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). Prolyl endopeptidase activity is inhibited by the boronic acid peptide Ac-Gly-BoroPro, Ac-Gly-Pro-chloromethyl ketone and Thr-Ser-Gly-chloromethyl ketone.
messages: Homodimer; homodimerization is required for activity of both plasma membrane and soluble forms. The monomer is inactive. Heterodimer with DPP4. Interacts with PLAUR; the interaction occurs at the cell surface of invadopodia membranes. Interacts with ITGB1. Interacts with ITGA3. Associates with integrin alpha-3/beta-1; the association occurs in a collagen-dependent manner at the cell surface of invadopodia membranes.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are viable and fertile and display no overt developmental defects and no general change in cancer susceptibiliy.
messages: Secreted
messages: The N-terminus may be blocked.
messages: invadopodium membrane
messages: lamellipodium membrane
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Erfe
gene id: 10090:Erfe
uniprot id: Q6PGN1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adipolin/erythroferrone family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. May form heteromeric complexes with C1QTNF2 and C1QTNF12 and, to a lesser extent, with C1QTNF5 and C1QTNF10.
messages: In the myoblast C2C12 cell line, expression is increased upon differentiation into myotubes.
messages: Iron-regulatory hormone that acts as an erythroid regulator after hemorrhage: produced by erythroblasts following blood loss and mediates suppression of hepcidin (HAMP) expression in the liver, thereby promoting increased iron absorption and mobilization from stores (PubMed:24880340). Promotes lipid uptake into adipocytes and hepatocytes via transcriptional up-regulation of genes involved in fatty acid uptake (PubMed:22351773).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile without any abnormal phenotypic features in normal conditions but show transient hemoglobin deficit after hemorrhage and exhibit a delay in recovery from blood loss. They also fail to suppress hepcidin rapidly.
messages: Mice with thalassemia intermedia show high levels of Erfe expression, contributing to the suppression of hepcidin and the systemic iron overload characteristic of thalassemia.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and, at much lower levels, in other tissues, including lung, eye, smooth muscle, heart, brain and kidney. Within skeletal muscles, higher expression levels in soleus as compared with plantaris. Found in blood (at protein level). Following EPO treatment, only expressed in bone marrow and spleen (PubMed:24880340). Females tend to have higher circulating levels than males. Obese mice tend to have lower expression and circulating levels as compared to lean animals.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by intracellular increase in cAMP levels, such as those elicited by forskolin and epinephrine treatments, and increase in calcium (ionomycine). Up-regulated by exercise in skeletal muscle (at the mRNA level) and blood (at protein level). Drastically down-regulated by fasting. Up-regulated in skeletal muscle by refeeding; the extent of induction by refeeding may be dependent upon the muscle fiber type, being much higher in soleus than in plantaris. Both glucose and lipid are equally potent in this induction, in the absence of any gut-derived hormones. Highly induced within 4 hours of bleeding (PubMed:24880340).

10090:Olfr740
gene id: 10090:Olfr740
uniprot id: E9PV79
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tsc22d4
gene id: 10090:Tsc22d4
uniprot id: Q9EQN3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TSC-22/Dip/Bun family.
messages: Expression starts at 8.5 dpc and undergoes a second peak of activation at 12.5 dpc. At 12.5 dpc, expression encompasses the entire central nervous system, with highest levels in the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia.
messages: Forms a homodimer or heterodimer. Can form a heterodimer with TSC22D1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor.
messages: Up-regulated by TGF-beta treatment.

10090:Agpat5
gene id: 10090:Agpat5
uniprot id: Q9D1E8
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase family.
messages: Converts 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid or LPA) into 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate (phosphatidic acid or PA) by incorporating an acyl moiety at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone (PubMed:15367102). Acts on LPA containing saturated or unsaturated fatty acids C15:0-C20:4 at the sn-1 position using C18:1-CoA as the acyl donor (By similarity). Also acts on lysophosphatidylethanolamine using oleoyl-CoA, but not arachidonoyl-CoA, and lysophosphatidylinositol using arachidonoyl-CoA, but not oleoyl-CoA (By similarity). Activity toward lysophosphatidylglycerol not detectable (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-12 is the initiator.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity and may constitute the binding site for the phosphate moiety of the glycerol-3-phosphate.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Retn
gene id: 10090:Retn
uniprot id: Q5BMX4
uniprot id: Q99P87
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the resistin/FIZZ family.
messages: Expressed in white but not brown adipose tissue in a variety of organs.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Hormone that seems to suppress insulin ability to stimulate glucose uptake into adipose cells. Potentially links obesity to diabetes.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ebf1
gene id: 10090:Ebf1
uniprot id: Q07802
uniprot id: Q3UTW6
uniprot id: Q5SWK4
uniprot id: Q5SWK5
uniprot id: Q8CBL7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the COE family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in early B-cells, spleen, lymph node and adipose tissue, and at low levels in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and kidney. In adult expressed in olfactory epithelium, in spleen, and at a lesser extent in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, heart, kidney, lung, thymus and testis. In embryo expressed in dorsal thalamus and epithalamus, at a lower level in mesencephalon and in the caudal rhombencephalon, in the postmitotic cells of developing retina, highly in developing spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, trigeminal ganglia and in glossopharyngeal nerve ganglia, in developing inner ear.
messages: First detected at 9.5 dpc.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9151732, PubMed:20876732). Interacts with ZNF423 and ZNF521, leading to prevent EBF1 to bind DNA and activate target genes (By similarity). Interacts with CCR4-NOT component CNOT3 (By similarity).
messages: Key pioneer transcription factor of B-cell specification and commitment (PubMed:1915300, PubMed:7542362, PubMed:23812095). Recognizes variations of the palindromic sequence 5'-ATTCCCNNGGGAATT-3' (PubMed:20876732). Operates in a transcription factor network to activate B-cell-specific genes and repress genes associated with alternative cell fates (PubMed:23812095, PubMed:20451411). For instance, positively regulates many B-cell specific genes including BCR or CD40 while repressing genes that direct cells into alternative lineages, including GATA3 and TCF7 for the T-cell lineage (PubMed:23812095, PubMed:20451411). In addition to its role during lymphopoiesis, controls the thermogenic gene program in adipocytes during development and in response to environmental cold (PubMed:32130892).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Targeted disruption in mice results in animals with a severe defect in early B-cell development. EBF1 heterozygous mice exhibit an approximately 2-fold decrease in the number of cells in the pro-B lymphocyte compartment, indicating that normal B-cell development depends on the presence of two wild-type EBF1 alleles (PubMed:7542362). Adipocyte-specific deletion mutant reveals a modest reduction of UCP1 expression, a mitochondrial protein responsible for thermogenic respiration. Double mutants EBF1/EBF2 show a more severe reduction of UCP1 expression (PubMed:32130892).

10090:Fmo3
gene id: 10090:Fmo3
uniprot id: P97501
uniprot id: Q3UEN4
uniprot id: Q8C7J1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FMO family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Essential hepatic enzyme that catalyzes the oxygenation of a wide variety of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing compounds including drugs as well as dietary compounds. Plays an important role in the metabolism of trimethylamine (TMA), via the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolite. TMA is generated by the action of gut microbiota using dietary precursors such as choline, choline containing compounds, betaine or L-carnitine. By regulating TMAO concentration, FMO3 directly impacts both platelet responsiveness and rate of thrombus formation.
messages: Expression is specifically repressed in male mice after puberty, preventing trimethylamine degradation. Trimethylamine is present at high concentration in the urine of male mice after puberty and acts as an attractant.
messages: Liver.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Trimethylamine is a bacterial metabolite found in some animal odors, and is a repulsive odor associated with bad breath and spoiled food for most organisms, except for M.musculus, where it acts as an attractant.

10090:Olfr541
gene id: 10090:Olfr541
uniprot id: Q8VGM0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hdx
gene id: 10090:Hdx
uniprot id: Q14B70
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atp5e
gene id: 10090:Atp5e
uniprot id: P56382
uniprot id: Q545F5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ATPase epsilon family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) seems to have nine subunits: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8 (or A6L). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and of the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(1) domain and of the central stalk which is part of the complex rotary element. Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Tst
gene id: 10090:Tst
uniprot id: P52196
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains two rhodanese domains with different primary structures but with near identical secondary structure conformations suggesting a common evolutionary origin. Only the C-terminal rhodanese domain contains the catalytic cysteine residue (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in numerous tissues.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monomer.
messages: Together with MRPL18, acts as a mitochondrial import factor for the cytosolic 5S rRNA. Only the nascent unfolded cytoplasmic form is able to bind to the 5S rRNA (By similarity). Formation of iron-sulfur complexes and cyanide detoxification.

10090:Fen1
gene id: 10090:Fen1
uniprot id: Q8C952
uniprot id: Q91Z50
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by EP300. Acetylation inhibits both endonuclease and exonuclease activity. Acetylation also reduces DNA-binding activity but does not affect interaction with PCNA or EP300.
messages: Belongs to the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family. FEN1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. They probably participate in the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme. May bind an additional third magnesium ion after substrate binding.
messages: Interacts with PCNA. Three molecules of Fen1 bind to one PCNA trimer with each molecule binding to one PCNA monomer. PCNA stimulates the nuclease activity without altering cleavage specificity. The C-terminal domain binds EP300. Can bind simultaneously to both PCNA and EP300. Interacts with DDX11.
messages: Methylation at Arg-192 by PRMT5 impedes Ser-187 phosphorylation and increases interaction with PCNA.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylation upon DNA damage induces relocalization to the nuclear plasma. Phosphorylation at Ser-187 by CDK2 occurs during late S-phase and results in dissociation from PCNA.
messages: Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Htra2
gene id: 10090:Htra2
uniprot id: Q9JIY5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoproteolytically activated.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1C family.
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with MXI2. Interacts with THAP5 under apoptotic conditions (By similarity). The mature protein, but not the precursor, binds to BIRC2/c-IAP1, BIRC3/c-IAP2 and XIAP/BIRC4 (By similarity). Interacts with BIRC6/bruce (By similarity). Interacts with AREL1 (via HECT domain); in the cytoplasm following induction of apoptosis (PubMed:23479728).
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Serine protease that shows proteolytic activity against a non-specific substrate beta-casein. Promotes or induces cell death either by direct binding to and inhibition of BIRC proteins (also called inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, IAPs), leading to an increase in caspase activity, or by a BIRC inhibition-independent, caspase-independent and serine protease activity-dependent mechanism. Cleaves THAP5 and promotes its degradation during apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: The PDZ domain mediates interaction with MXI2.
messages: The mature N-terminus is involved in the interaction with XIAP.

10090:Bean1
gene id: 10090:Bean1
uniprot id: Q9EQG5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with NEDD4.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pygl
gene id: 10090:Pygl
uniprot id: Q9ET01
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation, which is up-regulated by glucose and insulin and down-regulated by glucagon, inhibits the glycogen phosphorylase activity by promoting PPP1R3B-mediated recruitment of phosphatase PP1 and Ser-15 dephosphorylation.
messages: Allosteric enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in glycogen catabolism, the phosphorolytic cleavage of glycogen to produce glucose-1-phosphate, and plays a central role in maintaining cellular and organismal glucose homeostasis.
messages: Allosterically regulated through the non-covalent binding of metabolites, being activated by AMP and inhibited by ATP, ADP, and glucose-6-phosphate. The activity is also controlled by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation and acetylation.
messages: Belongs to the glycogen phosphorylase family.
messages: Homodimer; enzymatically active. Interacts with PPP1R3B; recruits the phosphatase PP1 which dephosphorylates and inactivates PYGL/glycogen phosphorylase.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-15 converts inactive phosphorylase b into active phosphorylase a. Dephosphorylation of Ser-15 by phosphatase PP1 inactivates the enzyme.
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr835
gene id: 10090:Olfr835
uniprot id: Q7TRG7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sowahd
gene id: 10090:Sowahd
uniprot id: Q8BY98
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SOWAH family.

10090:Pard6a
gene id: 10090:Pard6a
uniprot id: D3Z2R1
uniprot id: Q3TY70
uniprot id: Q9Z101
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes. Probably involved in the formation of epithelial tight junctions. Association with PARD3 may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly. The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins (PubMed:15761148). Regulates centrosome organization and function. Essential for the centrosomal recruitment of key proteins that control centrosomal microtubule organization (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the PAR6 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ECT2 ('Thr-359' phosphorylated form) and PRKCI. Interacts with PALS1 and CRB3 (By similarity). Interacts with PARD3. Interacts with GTP-bound forms of CDC42, RHOQ/TC10 and RAC1. Interacts with the N-terminal part of PRKCI and PRKCZ. Part of a complex with PARD3, CDC42 or RAC1 and PRKCI or PRKCZ. Part of a complex with LLGL1 and PRKCI. Interacts with MAP2K5. Interacts with TGFBR1; involved in TGF-beta induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Interacts with DCTN1 and PCM1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by the TGF-beta receptor.
messages: The PB1 domain mediates interactions with MAP2K5.
messages: The PDZ domain mediates the interaction with CRB3.
messages: The pseudo-CRIB domain together with the PDZ domain is required for the interaction with Rho small GTPases.
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centrosome
messages: tight junction

10090:Stard13
gene id: 10090:Stard13
uniprot id: F8WIY7
uniprot id: Q923Q2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with TAX1BP1 (By similarity).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: May function as a GTPase-activating protein.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane

10090:Vmn1r195
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r195
uniprot id: Q5SVD6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Atp5k
gene id: 10090:Atp5k
uniprot id: Q06185
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ATPase e subunit family.
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(0) seems to have nine subunits: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8 (or A6L). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity).
messages: Mammary gland, liver, kidney, heart, spleen, brain and lung.
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Part of the complex F(0) domain. Minor subunit located with subunit a in the membrane.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Bche
gene id: 10090:Bche
uniprot id: Q03311
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
messages: Homotetramer; disulfide-linked. Dimer of dimers (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype; due to the presence of other cholinesterases. Hypersensitive to acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, such as huperzine and donepezil. Treatment with the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil causes convulsions and death within 3 hours of dosing.
messages: Present in most cells except erythrocytes.
messages: Secreted

10090:Zfp354b
gene id: 10090:Zfp354b
uniprot id: Q9QXT9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed at 16.5 dpc in brain, heart, lung, kidney and gut.
messages: Expressed in brain and kidney. Lower levels in lung, muscle, heart, testis, tongue and eye.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fkbpl
gene id: 10090:Fkbpl
uniprot id: O35450
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Forms a ternary complex with CDKN1A/p21 and HSP90AB1/Hsp90.
messages: May be involved in response to X-ray. Regulates p21 protein stability by binding to Hsp90 and p21.

10090:Rtraf
gene id: 10090:Rtraf
uniprot id: Q4VA29
uniprot id: Q9CQE8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RTRAF family.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with FAM98A (via N- and C-terminus). Interacts with NIN; which may prevent phosphorylation of NIN. Interacts with POLR2A. Component of a tRNA-splicing ligase complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein involved in modulation of mRNA transcription by Polymerase II. Component of the tRNA-splicing ligase complex and is required for tRNA ligation. May be required for RNA transport.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Klhl6
gene id: 10090:Klhl6
uniprot id: Q6V595
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in embryonic blood vessel endothelial cells but not in the vasculature of adult organs. In adults, detected at high levels in hematopoietic and lymphoid organs.
messages: Involved in B-lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling and germinal center formation.
messages: Mice show impaired antigen-dependent germinal center formation and B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling. The number of mature B-cells is reduced.
messages: Up-regulated during germinal center formation.

10090:Neurod6
gene id: 10090:Neurod6
uniprot id: P48986
uniprot id: Q3UN97
uniprot id: Q5M8T7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activates E box-dependent transcription in collaboration with TCF3/E47. May be a trans-acting factor involved in the development and maintenance of the mammalian nervous system. Transactivates the promoter of its own gene.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specific to the nervous system of both embryos and adults. Highest levels in the cortical plate of the cerebrum.

10090:H2bc8
gene id: 10090:H2bc8
uniprot id: Q6ZWY9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated by PARP1 or PARP2 on Ser-7 (H2BS6ADPr) in response to DNA damage (By similarity). H2BS6ADPr promotes recruitment of CHD1L (By similarity). Mono-ADP-ribosylated on Glu-3 (H2BE2ADPr) by PARP3 in response to single-strand breaks (By similarity). Poly ADP-ribosylation on Glu-36 (H2BE35ADPr) by PARP1 regulates adipogenesis: it inhibits phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (PubMed:32822587).
messages: Belongs to the histone H2B family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: GlcNAcylation at Ser-113 promotes monoubiquitination of Lys-121. It fluctuates in response to extracellular glucose, and associates with transcribed genes (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination at Lys-35 (H2BK34Ub) by the MSL1/MSL2 dimer is required for histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-79' (H3K79me) methylation and transcription activation at specific gene loci, such as HOXA9 and MEIS1 loci. Similarly, monoubiquitination at Lys-121 (H2BK120Ub) by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. H2BK120Ub also acts as a regulator of mRNA splicing: deubiquitination by USP49 is required for efficient cotranscriptional splicing of a large set of exons (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-15 (H2BS14ph) by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation (PubMed:15197225, PubMed:16039583). Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class-switch recombination (PubMed:15197225). Phosphorylation at Ser-37 (H2BS36ph) by AMPK in response to stress promotes transcription (PubMed:20647423, PubMed:32822587).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Capza1
gene id: 10090:Capza1
uniprot id: Q5RKN9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the F-actin-capping protein alpha subunit family.
messages: F-actin-capping proteins bind in a Ca(2+)-independent manner to the fast growing ends of actin filaments (barbed end) thereby blocking the exchange of subunits at these ends. Unlike other capping proteins (such as gelsolin and severin), these proteins do not sever actin filaments.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit.

10090:Rnasek
gene id: 10090:Rnasek
uniprot id: Q8K3C0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase K family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Endoribonuclease which preferentially cleaves ApU and ApG phosphodiester bonds. Hydrolyzes UpU bonds at a lower rate (By similarity). Regulates the activity of vacuolar (H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) which is responsible for acidifying and maintaining the pH of intracellular compartments (By similarity). Required at an early stage of receptor-mediated endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the proton translocation complex V0 of the V-ATPase (By similarity). Interacts with ATP6AP1 (By similarity).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Taz
gene id: 10090:Taz
uniprot id: H3BK99
uniprot id: I7HJS2
uniprot id: Q91WF0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acyltransferase required to remodel newly synthesized phospholipid cardiolipin (1',3'-bis-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol or CL), a key component of the mitochondrial inner membrane, with tissue specific acyl chains necessary for adequate mitochondrial function (PubMed:19114128, PubMed:21091282, PubMed:21068380, PubMed:23130124, PubMed:26114544, PubMed:30055293, PubMed:30389594). Its role in cellular physiology is to improve mitochondrial performance (By similarity). CL is critical for the coassembly of lipids and proteins in mitochondrial membranes, for instance, remodeling of the acyl groups of CL in the mitochondrial inner membrane affects the assembly and stability of respiratory chain complex IV and its supercomplex forms (By similarity). Catalyzes the transacylacion between phospholipids and lysophospholipids, with the highest rate being between phosphatidylcholine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine or PC) and CL. Catalyzes both 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lysophosphatidylcholine or LPC) reacylation and PC-CL transacylation, that means, it exchanges acyl groups between CL and PC by a combination of forward and reverse transacylations. Also catalyzes transacylations between other phospholipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine or PE) and CL, between PC and PE, and between PC and phosphatidate (1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate or PA), although at lower rate. Not regiospecific, it transfers acyl groups into any of the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the monolysocardiolipin (MLCL), which is an important prerequisite for uniformity and symmetry in CL acyl distribution. Cannot transacylate dilysocardiolipin (DLCL), thus, the role of MLCL is limited to that of an acyl acceptor. CoA-independent, it can reshuffle molecular species within a single phospholipid class. Redistributes fatty acids between MLCL, CL, and other lipids, which prolongs the half-life of CL. Its action is completely reversible, which a…
messages: Acyltransferase which is required to remodel newly synthesized phospholipid cardiolipin, a key component of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Required for the initiation of mitophagy. Required to ensure progression of spermatocytes through meiosis.
messages: Associates with multiple protein complexes.
messages: Belongs to the taffazin family.
messages: Impaired cardiolipin (CL) metabolism with accumulation of monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) and reduction of mature CL in embryonic stem cells, male sterility, reduced testis size and disruption in progression of spermatocytes through meiosis (PubMed:26114544). Spermatocytes fail to progress past the pachytene stage of meiosis and have higher levels of DNA double strand damage and increased levels of endogenous retrotransposon activity (PubMed:26114544). RNAi-mediated knockdown results in prenatal and perinatal lethality, impaired CL metabolism resulting in absence of tetralineoyl-cardiolipin and accumulation of MLCL in cardiac and skeletal muscle, abnormal ultrastructure of mitochondria and mitochondrial-associated membranes, impaired skeletal muscle contractile properties, early diastolic dysfunction, and cardiac abnormalities such as myocardial thinning, hypertrabeculation, non-compaction, defective ventricular septation and left ventricular dilation (PubMed:21091282, PubMed:21068380, PubMed:23130124, PubMed:30389594). RNAi-mediated knockdown also results in impaired CL metabolism in the brain with reduced total CL levels and significantly increased MLCL levels, impaired brain mitochondrial respiration, elevated brain production of reactive oxygen species, significant memory deficiency, derangement of the hippocampal CA1 neuronal layer and elevated microglia activity (PubMed:30055293). Hepatic CL levels remain normal (PubMed:30055293). RNAi-mediated knockdown does not affect resting metabolic rate but markedly impairs oxygen consumption rates during exercise and diminishes mitochondrial complex III activity (PubMed:23616771).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: The HXXXXD motif is essential for acyltransferase activity.
messages: The enzyme was named after a masochistic character Tafazzi, once popular on Italian television, apparently due to the difficulty encountered for its identification and characterization.
messages: Widely expressed with highest expression in skeletal muscle and kidney.

10090:Tcaf3
gene id: 10090:Tcaf3
uniprot id: Q6QR59
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TCAF family.
messages: May act as an autoantigen in prostate autoimmunity.
messages: May play a role in the regulation of the cation channel TRPM8 activity.
messages: Prostate-specific. Present in both dorso-lateral and anterior prostate.

10090:Ubxn6
gene id: 10090:Ubxn6
uniprot id: Q99PL6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with VCP through the PUB domain (via C-terminus) and VIM motif (via N-terminus); the interaction is direct. Forms a ternary complex with CAV1 and VCP. Interacts with SYVN1. Interacts with HERPUD1. Interacts with VCPKMT. May interact with DERL1. Interacts with PLAA, VCP and YOD1; may form a complex involved in macroautophagy. Interacts with LMAN1.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May negatively regulate the ATPase activity of VCP, an ATP-driven segregase that associates with different cofactors to control a wide variety of cellular processes. As a cofactor of VCP, it may play a role in the transport of CAV1 to lysosomes for degradation. It may also play a role in endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of misfolded proteins. Together with VCP and other cofactors, it may play a role in macroautophagy, regulating for instance the clearance of damaged lysosomes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: The UBX domain lacks key residues critical for VCP binding.
messages: Widely expressed (at protein level). Highest expression in brain (at protein level).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr829
gene id: 10090:Olfr829
uniprot id: Q8VGX1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm5936
gene id: 10090:Gm5936
uniprot id: A2BG95
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PWWP3A family.

10090:Peg12
gene id: 10090:Peg12
uniprot id: Q9WVA7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the GSK-3-binding protein family.

10090:Nt5c1a
gene id: 10090:Nt5c1a
uniprot id: A3KFX0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by ADP.
messages: Belongs to the 5'-nucleotidase type 3 family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleotide and deoxyribonucleotide monophosphates, releasing inorganic phosphate and the corresponding nucleoside (By similarity). AMP is the major substrate but can also hydrolyze dCMP and IMP (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Brwd3
gene id: 10090:Brwd3
uniprot id: A2AHJ4
names: Function
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization. Required in the control of cell shape (By similarity).

10090:Pop4
gene id: 10090:Pop4
uniprot id: Q9CR08
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic/archaeal RNase P protein component 1 family.
messages: Component of nuclear RNase P and RNase MRP ribonucleoproteins. RNase P consists of a catalytic RNA moiety and 10 different protein chains; POP1, POP4, POP5, POP7, RPP14, RPP21, RPP25, RPP30, RPP38 and RPP40. Within the RNase P complex, POP1, POP7 and RPP25 form the 'finger' subcomplex, POP5, RPP14, RPP40 and homodimeric RPP30 form the 'palm' subcomplex, and RPP21, POP4 and RPP38 form the 'wrist' subcomplex. All subunits of the RNase P complex interact with the catalytic RNA. Several subunits of RNase P are also part of the RNase MRP complex. RNase MRP consists of a catalytic RNA moiety and about 8 protein subunits; POP1, POP7, RPP25, RPP30, RPP38, RPP40 and possibly also POP4 and POP5.
messages: Component of ribonuclease P, a ribonucleoprotein complex that generates mature tRNA molecules by cleaving their 5'-ends.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Olfr323
gene id: 10090:Olfr323
uniprot id: Q5NCD0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sik1
gene id: 10090:Sik1
uniprot id: Q60670
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-182. Also activated by phosphorylation on Thr-322 in response to increases in intracellular sodium in parallel with elevations in intracellular calcium through the reversible sodium/calcium exchanger.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. AMPK subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in lung, skin, ovary, heart and stomach. No expression in brain, liver or adult skeletal muscle but is present in skeletal muscle progenitor cells of the somite beginning at 9.5 dpc. Present at 8.0 dpc in the monolayer of presumptive myocardial cells but rapidly down-regulated at 8.5 dpc upon primitive ventricle formation, although still present in myocardial cells that will populate the primitive atrium and bulbus cordis. At 9.5 dpc expression is down-regulated in the primitive atrium but observed in the sinus venosus and truncus arteriosus.
messages: Expression is stimulated by CREB1 in myocytes; direct target of CREB1.
messages: Interacts (when phosphorylated on Thr-182 and Ser-186) with YWHAZ. Interacts with ATP1A1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-182 by STK11/LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRADA) pseudo kinase and CAB39, leading to its activation. Phosphorylation at Thr-182 promotes autophosphorylation at Ser-186, which is required for sustained activity. Autophosphorylation at Ser-186 is maintained by sequential phosphorylation at Thr-182 by GSK3-beta. GSK3-beta cannot initiate phosphorylation at Thr-182, it can only maintain it. Phosphorylation at Ser-577 by PKA promotes translocation to the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation at Thr-322 by CaMK1 following intracellular sodium concentration leads to activation.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various processes such as cell cycle regulation, gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis regulation, muscle growth and differentiation and tumor suppression. Phosphorylates HDAC4, HDAC5, PPME1, SREBF1, CRTC1/TORC1 and CRTC2/TORC2. Acts as a tumor suppressor and plays a key role in p53/TP53-dependent anoikis, a type of apoptosis triggered by cell detachment: required for phosphorylation of p53/TP53 in response to loss of adhesion and is able to suppress metastasis. Part of a sodium-sensing signaling network, probably by mediating phosphorylation of PPME1: following increases in intracellular sodium, SIK1 is activated by CaMK1 and phosphorylates PPME1 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), leading to dephosphorylation of sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase ATP1A1 and subsequent increase activity of ATP1A1. Acts as a regulator of muscle cells by phosphorylating and inhibiting class II histone deacetylases HDAC4 and HDAC5, leading to promote expression of MEF2 target genes in myocytes. Also required during cardiomyogenesis by regulating the exit of cardiomyoblasts from the cell cycle via down-regulation of CDKN1C/p57Kip2. Acts as a regulator of hepatic gluconeogenesis by phosphorylating and repressing the CREB-specific coactivators CRTC1/TORC1 and CRTC2/TORC2, leading to inhibit CREB activity. Also regulates hepatic lipogenesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting SREBF1. In concert with CRTC1/TORC1, regulates the light-induced entrainment of the circadian clock by attenuating PER1 induction; represses CREB-mediated transcription of PER1 by phosphorylating and deactivating CRTC1/TORC1.
messages: The RK-rich region determines the subcellular location.

10090:Azi2
gene id: 10090:Azi2
uniprot id: Q9QYP6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein which binds TBK1 and IKBKE playing a role in antiviral innate immunity. Activates serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 and facilitates its oligomerization. Enhances the phosphorylation of NF-kappa-B p65 subunit RELA by TBK1. Promotes TBK1-induced as well as TNF-alpha or PMA-induced activation of NF-kappa-B. Participates in IFNB promoter activation via TICAM1.
messages: By 5-azacytidine.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17568778). Interacts with IKBKE and TBK1 (PubMed:17568778). Interacts with TICAM1 (By similarity). Interacts with TAX1BP1 (By similarity). Interacts with CALCOCO2 (By similarity).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Testis, ovary, heart, lung, kidney and brain. Expressed mainly in the spermatocytes or spermatids in the testis.
messages: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination by TRIM38, leading to its degradation.

10090:Defb42
gene id: 10090:Defb42
uniprot id: Q8BVB5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: By androgens.
messages: Epididymis-specific, with highest levels in the initial segment and distal caput.
messages: Has bactericidal activity (By similarity). May play a role in the antimicrobial protection of sperm and urogenital tract epithelia (PubMed:16023745).
messages: Secreted

10090:Pebp1
gene id: 10090:Pebp1
uniprot id: P70296
uniprot id: Q5EBQ2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein family.
messages: Binds ATP, opioids and phosphatidylethanolamine. Has lower affinity for phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine. Serine protease inhibitor which inhibits thrombin, neuropsin and chymotrypsin but not trypsin, tissue type plasminogen activator and elastase. Inhibits the kinase activity of RAF1 by inhibiting its activation and by dissociating the RAF1/MEK complex and acting as a competitive inhibitor of MEK phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: HCNP is expressed in brain. Increased expression in aged senescence-accelerated mice.
messages: HCNP may be involved in the function of the presynaptic cholinergic neurons of the central nervous system. HCNP increases the production of choline acetyltransferase but not acetylcholinesterase. Seems to be mediated by a specific receptor (By similarity).
messages: Has a tendency to form dimers by disulfide cross-linking. Interacts with RAF1 and this interaction is enhanced if RAF1 is phosphorylated on residues 'Ser-338', 'Ser-339', 'Tyr-340' and 'Tyr-341'. Interacts with ALOX15; in response to IL13/interleukin-13, prevents the interaction of PEBP1 with RAF1 to activate the ERK signaling cascade (By similarity).

10090:Rad54l2
gene id: 10090:Rad54l2
uniprot id: E9QKL0
uniprot id: Q99NG0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: DNA helicase that modulates androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transactivation in a promoter-dependent manner. Not able to remodel mononucleosomes in vitro. Acts as an AR-coregulator in Sertoli cells.
messages: Death by 11.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc, almost all major tissues are proportionally smaller, and the neural tube is shrunk in some embryos. Dramatically reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis are observed in 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc embryos. Embryonic fibroblasts stop to grow after 2 or 3 passages and exhibit increased apoptosis and decreased DNA synthesis compared with wild-type.
messages: Enzyme activity is enhanced by dsDNA (double-stranded DNA) and ssDNA (single-stranded DNA).
messages: Expressed at relatively low level, with highest expression in testis, liver and kidney. In brain, it is expressed in hippocampal and cerebellar neurons. In testis, it is present at high level in Sertoli cell nuclei. Also present in Leydig cell (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with AR via its N-terminus. Interacts with DYRK1A. Binds DNA and mononucleosomes, but does not seem to form large multiprotein complexes.
messages: Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs are known to be important for the association with nuclear receptors.
messages: Mainly expressed in the neural tube and limb buds during early embryonic development. Also present in testis: at the onset of spermatogenesis, it is expressed in spermatogonia, pachytene, and diplotene spermatocytes. In Sertoli cells it is expressed in a stage-dependent manner, with high expression levels at stages II-VI and VII-VIII.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated.

10090:4930480E11Rik
gene id: 10090:4930480E11Rik
uniprot id: Q0VG34
uniprot id: Q9D5A6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM47 family.

10090:Czib
gene id: 10090:Czib
uniprot id: Q8BHG2
names: Domain
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the UPF0587 family.
messages: Monomer.
messages: The N-terminal and the C-terminal half of the protein have a very similar 3D-structure, suggesting they arose from duplication. Requires a bound zinc ion for normal folding and solubility.

10090:Uba6
gene id: 10090:Uba6
uniprot id: Q8C7R4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activates ubiquitin by first adenylating its C-terminal glycine residue with ATP, and thereafter linking this residue to the side chain of a cysteine residue in E1, yielding a ubiquitin-E1 thioester and free AMP. Specific for ubiquitin, does not activate ubiquitin-like peptides. Differs from UBE1 in its specificity for substrate E2 charging. Does not charge cell cycle E2s, such as CDC34 (By similarity). Essential for embryonic development. Required for UBD/FAT10 conjugation.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-activating E1 family.
messages: Embryonic lethality at early stage.
messages: Forms a thioester with UBD in cells stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFa) and interferon-gamma (IFNg) (PubMed:17889673).

10090:Cyb5r4
gene id: 10090:Cyb5r4
uniprot id: Q3TDX8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Mice display insulin-deficient diabetes. Embryos and fetus develop normally. At 4 weeks of age, mice show have normal blood glucose levels but impaired glucose tolerance. Isolated islets have markedly impaired glucose- or arginine-stimulated insulin secretion. By 7 weeks of age, they develop severe hyperglycemia with markedly decreased serum insulin levels and nearly normal insulin tolerance. As the animals age, there is a progressive loss of beta cells in pancreatic islets, but there is no loss of alpha, delta, or PP cells. 4 week-old mice have enhanced sensitivity to the diabetogenic agent streptozotocin.
messages: NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathway. Plays a critical role in protecting pancreatic beta-cells against oxidant stress, possibly by protecting the cell from excess buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed. Isoform 2 is expressed in testis, brain, skeletal muscle and in the male germline.

10090:4933405O20Rik
gene id: 10090:4933405O20Rik
uniprot id: Q8BPC6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases family.
messages: Divalent metal cations; Mn(2+) or Mg(2+). Activity higher in presence of Mn(2+) than of Mg(2+). Binds 1 Mg(2+) or Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Heterooligomer of subunits alpha (IDH3A), beta (IDH3B), and gamma (IDH3G) in the apparent ratio of 2:1:1. The heterodimer containing one IDH3A and one IDH3B subunit and the heterodimer containing one IDH3A and one IDH3G subunit assemble into a heterotetramer (which contains two subunits of IDH3A, one of IDH3B and one of IDH3G) and further into the heterooctamer.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Regulatory subunit which plays a role in the allosteric regulation of the enzyme catalyzing the decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) into alpha-ketoglutarate. The heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and beta (IDH3B) subunits and the heterodimer composed of the alpha (IDH3A) and gamma (IDH3G) subunits, have considerable basal activity but the full activity of the heterotetramer (containing two subunits of IDH3A, one of IDH3B and one of IDH3G) requires the assembly and cooperative function of both heterodimers.
messages: The heterotetramer and the heterodimer composed of IDH3A and IDH3G subunits can be allosterically activated by citrate (CIT) or/and ADP, and the two activators can act independently or synergistically. The heterodimer composed of IDH3A and IDH3B subunits cannot be allosterically regulated and the allosteric regulation of the heterotetramer is through the IDH3G subunit and not the IDH3B subunit. The IDH3G subunit contains the allosteric site which consists of a CIT-binding site and an ADP-binding site, and the binding of CIT and ADP causes conformational changes at the allosteric site which are transmitted to the active site in the catalytic subunit (IDH3A) through a cascade of conformational changes at the heterodimer interface, leading to stabilization of the isocitrate-binding at the active site and thus activation of the enzyme. ATP can activate the heterotetramer and the heterodimer composed of IDH3A and IDH3G subunits at low concentrations but inhibits their activities at high concentrations, whereas ATP exhibits only inhibitory effect on the heterodimer composed of IDH3A and IDH3B subunits.

10090:Tbpl1
gene id: 10090:Tbpl1
uniprot id: P62340
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TBP family.
messages: Binds TFIIA and TFIIB.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a specialized transcription system that mediates the transcription of most ribosomal proteins through the 5'-TCT-3' motif which is a core promoter element at these genes (By similarity). Seems to also mediate the transcription of NF1. Does not bind the TATA box.
messages: Significantly reduced NF1 levels.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Rd3
gene id: 10090:Rd3
uniprot id: Q8BRE0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A spontaneous mutation leading to a frameshift and in an unstable truncated protein lacking the C-terminal 89 amino acids causes retinal degeneration. Homozygotes mice (called rd-3) display retinal degeneration, beginning at 3 weeks of age, characterized by complete loss of photoreceptor rod cells by 5 weeks, and cones by 8 weeks.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in the retina and in particular in the inner nuclear layer, in rod and cone outer segments, in the outer nuclear layer, in the outer plexiform layer and in the ganglion cell layer.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with GUCY2E; promotes the exit of GUCY2E from the endoplasmic reticulum and its trafficking to the photoreceptor outer segments (PubMed:21078983). The interaction with GUCY2E negatively regulates its activity (By similarity). Interacts with GUCY2F; promotes the exit of GUCY2F from the endoplasmic reticulum and its trafficking to the photoreceptor outer segments (PubMed:21078983). The interaction with GUCY2F negatively regulates its activity (By similarity). Interacts with GUK1; up-regulates GUK1 activity (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: Plays a critical role in the regulation of enzymes involved in nucleotide cycle in photoreceptors (PubMed:21078983, PubMed:27471269). Inhibits the basal catalytic activity and the GCAP-stimulated activity of GUCY2E and GUCY2F, two retinal guanylyl cyclases involved in the production of cGMP in photoreceptors (PubMed:27471269). Involved in the transport of GUCY2E and GUCY2F to their target sites in the photoreceptor outer segment (PubMed:21078983). Up-regulates the activity of GUK1, a kinase that also plays an essential role for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP (By similarity). Plays an important role for the survival of rods and cones in the retina (PubMed:8486383, PubMed:17186464).
messages: perinuclear region
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Gtf3c1
gene id: 10090:Gtf3c1
uniprot id: Q8K284
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIIC subunit 1 family.
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the TFIIIC subcomplex TFIIIC2, consisting of six subunits, GTF3C1, GTF3C2, GTF3C3, GTF3C4, GTF3C5 and GTF3C6. Interacts with IGHMBP2. Interacts with MAF1.
messages: Required for RNA polymerase III-mediated transcription. Component of TFIIIC that initiates transcription complex assembly on tRNA and is required for transcription of 5S rRNA and other stable nuclear and cytoplasmic RNAs. Binds to the box B promoter element (By similarity).

10090:Olfr1426
gene id: 10090:Olfr1426
uniprot id: Q8VG74
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Smpdl3a
gene id: 10090:Smpdl3a
uniprot id: P70158
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the acid sphingomyelinase family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) per subunit.
messages: Detected in blood serum (at protein level).
messages: Has in vitro nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity with nucleoside triphosphates, such as ATP (PubMed:26792860). Has in vitro activity with p-nitrophenyl-TMP. Has lower activity with nucleoside diphosphates, and no activity with nucleoside monophosphates. Has in vitro activity with CDP-choline, giving rise to CMP and phosphocholine. Has in vitro activity with CDP-ethanolamine. Does not have sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Requires micromolar levels of Zn(2+) for activity. Inhibited by millimolar levels of Zn(2+).
messages: Secreted

10090:Pik3c3
gene id: 10090:Pik3c3
uniprot id: Q6PF93
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. As part of PI3KC3-C1, promotes endoplasmic reticulum membrane curvature formation prior to vesicle budding. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and required for the abcission step in cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2. Involved in the transport of lysosomal enzyme precursors to lysosomes. Required for transport from early to late endosomes (By similarity).
messages: Component of the PI3K (PI3KC3/PI3K-III/class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) complex the core of which is composed of the catalytic subunit PIK3C3, the regulatory subunit PIK3R4 and BECN1 associating with additional regulatory/auxilliary subunits to form alternative complex forms. Alternative complex forms containing a forth regulatory subunit in a mutually exclusive manner are: the PI3K complex I (PI3KC3-C1) containing ATG14, and the PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) containing UVRAG. PI3KC3-C1 displays a V-shaped architecture with PIK3R4 serving as a bridge between PIK3C3 and the ATG14:BECN1 subcomplex (By similarity). Both, PI3KC3-C1 and PI3KC3-C2, can associate with further regulatory subunits such as RUBCN, SH3GLB1/Bif-1 and AMBRA1 (PubMed:17589504). PI3KC3-C1 probably associates with PIK3CB (PubMed:21059846). Interacts with RAB7A in the presence of PIK3R4 (By similarity). Interacts with AMBRA1 (PubMed:17589504). Interacts with BECN1P1/BECN2 (By similarity). Interacts with SLAMF1 (PubMed:22493499). May be a component of a complex composed of RAB5A (in GDP-bound form), DYN2 and PIK3C3 (By similarity). Interacts with NCKAP1L (By similarity). Interacts with ATG14; this interaction is increased in the absence of TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with STEEP1; the interaction is STING1-dependent and required for trafficking of STING1 from the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAG (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: Midbody
messages: Ubiquitinated via 'Lys-29'- and 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination by UBE3C, promoting its degradation. Deubiquitination by ZRANB1/TRABID promotes its stabilization, leading to autophagosome maturation.
messages: autophagosome

10090:Cfap65
gene id: 10090:Cfap65
uniprot id: Q3V0B4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Begins to be significantly expressed at postnatal day 15, reachs a peak at postnatal day 22 and then maintains stable expression level.
messages: Belongs to the CFAP65 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient male are infertile whereas female mutants could give birth. Deficient male show severe morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella. The majority of spermatozoa display absent or short flagella and the flagellar axoneme is completely disorganised.
messages: Interacts with CFAP47.
messages: Plays a role in flagellar formation and sperm motility.
messages: Predominatly expressed in testis (PubMed:31571197). Highly expressed in round and elongating spermatids (PubMed:31571197, PubMed:31413122). Expressed also in certain ciliated organs, such as the brain, lung and kidney (PubMed:31413122).
messages: acrosome membrane
messages: flagellum membrane

10090:Ccz1
gene id: 10090:Ccz1
uniprot id: Q8C1Y8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts in concert with MON1A, as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for RAB7, promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting it from an inactive GDP-bound form into an active GTP-bound form.
messages: Belongs to the CCZ1 family.
messages: Interacts with MON1A. Found in a complex with RMC1, CCZ1 MON1A and MON1B.
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Prss23
gene id: 10090:Prss23
uniprot id: Q9D6X6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nckap5l
gene id: 10090:Nckap5l
uniprot id: Q6GQX2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: CDK1/Cyclin B-dependent phosphorylation mediates its dissociation from centrosomes during mitosis.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CDK5RAP2. Interacts with MAPRE1. Interacts with beta-tubulin.
messages: Regulates microtubule organization and stabilization. Promotes microtubule growth and bundling formation and stabilizes microtubules by increasing intense acetylation of microtubules. Both tubulin-binding and homodimer formation are required for NCKAP5L-mediated microtubule bundle formation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Zfp646
gene id: 10090:Zfp646
uniprot id: Q6NV66
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.

10090:Antkmt
gene id: 10090:Antkmt
uniprot id: Q501J2
uniprot id: Q91VW0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ANT/ATPSC lysine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Mitochondrial protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that trimethylates adenine nucleotide translocases ANT2/SLC25A5 and ANT3/SLC25A6, thereby regulating mitochondrial respiration. Probably also trimethylates ANT1/SLC25A4.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: The pre-methyltransferase (preMT) region is responsible for mitochondrial localization.

10090:Zfand2b
gene id: 10090:Zfand2b
uniprot id: Q91X58
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains of ubiquitinated proteins (PubMed:18467495, PubMed:24160817, PubMed:26876100). Associates with the proteasome complex; upon exposure to arsenite (PubMed:18467495, PubMed:26876100). Interacts (via VIM motif) with VCP; the interaction is direct (PubMed:24160817, PubMed:26337389). Interacts with BAG6 (PubMed:24160817, PubMed:26337389, PubMed:26876100). Interacts with IGF1R (nascent precursor form) (PubMed:26692333). Interacts with DERL1, FAF2, NPLOC4 and UFD1; probably through VCP (PubMed:24160817).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Knockout mice undergo premature death due to the occurrence of myelo-proliferative neoplasms. The absence of Zfand2b plays a driver role in the development of these neoplasms by hyperactivating the insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway. This is due to increased expression, in particular at the cell surface, of the IGF1R receptor.
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK14 (Probable). Phosphorylation has no effect on association with the proteasome complex (Probable).
messages: Plays a role in protein homeostasis by regulating both the translocation and the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of nascent proteins at the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:24160817, PubMed:26337389, PubMed:26692333). It is involved in the regulation of signal-mediated translocation of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:24160817). It also plays a role in the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of proteins for which signal-mediated translocation to the endoplasmic reticulum has failed (PubMed:18467495, PubMed:26337389). May therefore function in the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control, a mechanism that selectively attenuates the translocation of newly synthesized proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum and reroutes them to the cytosol for proteasomal degradation (PubMed:24160817, PubMed:26337389). By controlling the steady-state expression of the IGF1R receptor, indirectly regulates the insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway (PubMed:26692333).
messages: The UIM domains specifically bind 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin polymers (PubMed:18467495, PubMed:26876100). The UIM domains mediate interaction with polyubiquitinated proteins (PubMed:18467495, PubMed:26337389).

10090:Fam126a
gene id: 10090:Fam126a
uniprot id: Q6P9N1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Hyccin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of a complex required to localize phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) to the plasma membrane. The complex acts as a regulator of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P) synthesis. HYCC1 plays a key role in oligodendrocytes formation, a cell type with expanded plasma membrane that requires generation of PtdIns(4)P. Its role in oligodendrocytes formation probably explains its importance in myelination of the central and peripheral nervous system. May also have a role in the beta-catenin/Lef signaling pathway.
messages: Component of a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) complex, composed of PI4KA, EFR3 (EFR3A or EFR3B), TTC7 (TTC7A or TTC7B) and HYCC (HYCC1 or HYCC2). Interacts with TTC7 (TTC7A or TTC7B), interaction is direct.
messages: Down-regulated by beta-catenin.
messages: No visible phenotype. Lysates from total brain and optic nerve (a pure white matter tract) display a selective decrease of Ttc7a and Efr3a protein levels.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the central nervous system, where it is found in neurons but not in myelinating cells. Lower abundance is observed in peripheral neurons, where it is detectable only at early postnatal ages (PubMed:22461884). Expressed in both oligodendrocytes and neurons (PubMed:26571211).
messages: cytosol

10090:Traf4
gene id: 10090:Traf4
uniprot id: Q61382
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein with E3 ligase activity that is involved in many diverse biological processes including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, DNA repair, platelet activation or apoptosis. Promotes EGFR-mediated signaling by facilitating the dimerization of EGFR and downstream AKT activation thereby promoting cell proliferation. Ubiquitinates SMURF2 through 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chain leading to SMURF2 degradation through the proteasome and subsequently osteogenic differentiation. Promotes 'Lys-63'-mediated ubiquitination of CHK1 which in turn activates cell cycle arrest and activation of DNA repair. In addition, promotes an atypical 'Lys-29'-linked ubiquitination at the C-terminal end of IRS1 which is crucial for insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal transduction (By similarity). Regulates activation of NF-kappa-B in response to signaling through Toll-like receptors. Required for normal skeleton development, and for normal development of the respiratory tract. Required for activation of RPS6KB1 in response to TNF signaling. Modulates TRAF6 functions. Inhibits adipogenic differentiation by activating pyruvate kinase PKM activity and subsequently the beta-catenin signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family. B subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts with LTBR/TNFRSF3, NGFR/TNFRSF16, RPS6KB1 and TGFB1I1. Interacts with SMURF1. Interacts (via TRAF domain) with MAP3K4 (via kinase domain). Interacts with NCF1, TICAM1, IRAK1 and TRAF6, and is probably part of a complex containing TRAF4, NCF1, TICAM1, IRAK1 and TRAF6. Interacts (via MATH domain) with GP6 and GP1BB. Interacts with EGFR (via C-terminal region); this interaction promotes the formation of EGFR asymmetric dimers. Interacts with PKM; this interaction promotes PKM kinase activity.
messages: Mice exhibit considerable phenotypic variability, depending in part on the strain. In one strain pups are born at the expected Mendelian frequency, while in another strain up to one third die during embryogenesis. Mutants that reach adulthood are fertile, but have on average three pups per litter instead of ten in wild-type. Mutants have an apparently normal immune response, with no defects in the development of T and B-lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Mutants have respiratory problems, due to developmental defects of the trachea, stem bronchi and rib cage. They exhibit severe skeletal alterations at the level of the spinal column, including scoliosis and kyphosis, and have curly tails. Many also display neural tube closure defects.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation.
messages: Predominantly expressed in brain. Preferentially expressed by postmitotic undifferentiated neurons in developing central (CNS) and peripheral (PNS) nervous system, and in nervous tissues of sensory organs. In the embryo, protein expression was shown in brain, thymus, salivary glands and intestine. In the adult, protein expression is restricted to the brain (hippocampus and olfactory bulb).
messages: Strongly expressed throughout embryogenesis with a maximum from 8.5 to 13.5 dpc.
messages: The MATH/TRAF domain binds to receptor cytoplasmic domains.
messages: The coiled coil domain mediates homo- and hetero-oligomerization.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region
messages: tight junction

10090:Mafb
gene id: 10090:Mafb
uniprot id: P54841
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator or repressor. Plays a pivotal role in regulating lineage-specific hematopoiesis by repressing ETS1-mediated transcription of erythroid-specific genes in myeloid cells. Required for monocytic, macrophage, osteoclast, podocyte and islet beta cell differentiation. Involved in renal tubule survival and F4/80 maturation. Activates the insulin and glucagon promoters. Together with PAX6, transactivates weakly the glucagon gene promoter through the G1 element. SUMO modification controls its transcriptional activity and ability to specify macrophage fate. Binds element G1 on the glucagon promoter. Involved either as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor, depending on the cell context. Required for the transcriptional activation of HOXB3 in the rhombomere r5 in the hindbrain (PubMed:11823429).
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Maf subfamily.
messages: Expressed in pancreatic alpha-cells (glucagon-positive cells), in podocytes of the kidney and macrophages (at protein level). Most abundant in kidney, gut, lung and brain.
messages: Expressed in pancreatic alpha-cells at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:17901057). Expressed in insulin and glucagon islet progenitor cells at 12 dpc onwards (at protein level) (PubMed:16443760). Detectable at 8.0 dpc (one somite) as a band in the caudal hindbrain and by 8.5 dpc (six to eight somites) as a sharp rostral edge coincident with the rhombomeres (r) 4 and 5 boundary and a diffuse caudal edge located midway through r6 (PubMed:8001130). Expressed in the lens epithelial cells at 10.5 to 14.5 dpc (PubMed:10383433). Expressed in the cochlear nucleus at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:17977745).
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer with other bHLH-Zip transcription factors. Forms homodimers and heterodimers with FOS, FOSB and FOSL2, but not with JUN proteins (JUN, JUNB and JUND). Interacts with the intracellular cytoplasmic domain of LRP1 (LRPICD); the interaction results in a moderate reduction of MAFB transcriptional potential (By similarity). Binds DNA as a homodimer or a heterodimer. Interacts with PAX6; the interaction is direct. Interacts with ETS1 and LRP1.
messages: Mice show a defect in frequency of respiratory rhythm with a fatal apnea at birth due to lack of neurons from the preBoetC region. They displayed renal dysgenesis with abnormal podocyte differentiation as well as tubular apoptosis. They show altered actin-dependent macrophage morphology. They show a reduced number of cells expressing insulin and glucagon. Embryos also lack the abducens nerve which normaly innervates the lateral rectus muscle that is involved in eye movement (PubMed:27181683).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation on Lys-32 and Lys-297 stimulates its transcriptional repression activity and promotes macrophage differentiation from myeloid progenitors.
messages: The leucine-zipper domain is involved in the interaction with LRPICD.

10090:Faap100
gene id: 10090:Faap100
uniprot id: A2ACJ2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the multisubunit FA complex composed of FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL/PHF9, FANCM, FAAP24 and FAAP100. Forms a subcomplex with FANCB and FANCL (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in Fanconi anemia-associated DNA damage response network. Regulates FANCD2 monoubiquitination and the stability of the FA core complex. Induces chromosomal instability as well as hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, when repressed (By similarity).

10090:Kalrn
gene id: 10090:Kalrn
uniprot id: A2CG49
uniprot id: D3Z4R2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) and with the huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1). Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-624 of isoform 1. Inferred by similarity.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing.
messages: Promotes the exchange of GDP by GTP. Activates specific Rho GTPase family members, thereby inducing various signaling mechanisms that regulate neuronal shape, growth, and plasticity, through their effects on the actin cytoskeleton. Induces lamellipodia independent of its GEF activity (By similarity).
messages: The two GEF domains catalyze nucleotide exchange for RAC1 and RhoA which are bound by DH1 and DH2 respectively. The two GEF domains appear to play differing roles in neuronal development and axonal outgrowth. SH3 1 binds to the first GEF domain inhibiting GEF activity only when in the presence of a PXXP peptide, suggesting that the SH3 domain/peptide interaction mediates binding to GEF1. CRK1 SH3 domain binds to and inhibits GEF1 activity (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Donson
gene id: 10090:Donson
uniprot id: Q9QXP4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 14.5 dpc, widely expressed, including in neocortex, cerebellum, lung, liver, hindlimb, intestine, as well as forelimb, kidney and spinal cord vertebrae.
messages: Belongs to the DONSON family.
messages: Component of the replisome complex composed of at least MCM2, MCM7, PCNA and TICRR; interaction at least with PCNA occurs during DNA replication.
messages: Early embryonic lethality. Heterozygous mice show no overt phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Replisome component that maintains genome stability by protecting stalled or damaged replication forks. After the induction of replication stress, required for the stabilization of stalled replication forks, the efficient activation of the intra-S-phase and G/2M cell-cycle checkpoints and the maintenance of genome stability.

10090:Gprc5a
gene id: 10090:Gprc5a
uniprot id: G5E8C3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aatf
gene id: 10090:Aatf
uniprot id: Q9JKX4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AATF family.
messages: Binds PAWR, POLR2J, RB1/RB, RBL1/P107, RBL2/P130, and SP1. May also bind MAPT (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in adrenal gland, brain (Purkinje cells), heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, ovary and testis (at the protein level).
messages: Expressed uniformly throughout the embryo until 10.5 dpc. From 11.5 dpc, the relative expression level increases in the liver, hind brain, spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia, and the posterior commissure.
messages: May function as a general inhibitor of the histone deacetylase HDAC1. Binding to the pocket region of RB1 may displace HDAC1 from RB1/E2F complexes, leading to activation of E2F target genes and cell cycle progression. Conversely, displacement of HDAC1 from SP1 bound to the CDKN1A promoter leads to increased expression of this CDK inhibitor and blocks cell cycle progression (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Col24a1
gene id: 10090:Col24a1
uniprot id: Q30D77
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fibrillar collagen family.
messages: Expressed in skeleton. Found at ossification centers of the craniofacial, axial and appendicular skeleton. Also expressed in retina and to a lower extent in cornea, skin and tendon.
messages: Expression is confined to the developing eye and skeleton. First level of expression are detectable around 15 dpc.
messages: Involved in osteoblast differentiation.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Atp5a1
gene id: 10090:Atp5a1
uniprot id: Q03265
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated on lysine residues. BLOC1S1 is required for acetylation (By similarity). Acetylation of Lys-132, Lys-230 and Lys-498 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c (By similarity). Interacts with ATPAF2. Interacts with HRG; the interaction occurs on the surface of T-cells and alters the cell morphology when associated with concanavalin (in vitro). Interacts with PLG (angiostatin peptide); the interaction inhibits most of the angiogenic properties of angiostatin (By similarity). Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5PB, ATP5MC1, ATP5F1E, ATP5PD, ATP5ME, ATP5PF, ATP5MF, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5F1A, ATP5F1B, ATP5F1D, ATP5F1C, ATP5PO, ATP5MG, ATP5MK and ATP5MPL (By similarity). Interacts with BLOC1S1 (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2L1 isoform BCL-X(L); the interaction mediates the association of BCL2L1 isoform BCL-X(L) with the mitochondrial membrane F(1)F(0) ATP synthase and enhances neurons metabolic efficiency (By similarity). Interacts with CLN5 and PPT1 (PubMed:19941651). Interacts with S100A1; this interaction increases F1-ATPase activity (PubMed:17438143). Interacts with ABCB7; this interaction allows the regulation of cellular iron homeostasis and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cardiomyocytes (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Subunits alpha and beta form the catalytic core in F(1). Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits. Subunit alpha does not bear the catalytic high-affinity ATP-binding sites (By similarity). Binds the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and can promote mitochondrial accumulation of enterobactin-derived iron ions (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The siderophore enterobactin (Ent) produced by enteric bacteria binds Fe(3+) and helps bacteria scavenge iron ions from the environment. As a consequence, the mammalian siderocalin LCN2 plays an important role in defense against bacterial infections by sequestering iron bound to microbial siderophores. LCN2 can also bind iron bound to endogenous or nutrient-derived iron chelators and plays an important role in cellular iron homeostasis. Enterobactin produced by non-pathogenic E.coli strains can facilitate mitochondrial iron assimilation, suggesting that iron bound to siderophores from non-pathogenic bacteria may contribute to iron absorption by the host.

10090:Olfr802
gene id: 10090:Olfr802
uniprot id: Q8VGJ2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmed3
gene id: 10090:Tmed3
uniprot id: Q78IS1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: COPI-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Monomer in endoplasmic reticulum, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and cis-Golgi network. Interacts (via C-terminus) with COPG1; the interaction involves dimeric TMED3; however, there are conflicting reports on the interaction. Interacts with GORASP1 and GORASP2 (By similarity).
messages: Potential role in vesicular protein trafficking, mainly in the early secretory pathway. Contributes to the coupled localization of TMED2 and TMED10 in the cis-Golgi network (By similarity).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Defa43
gene id: 10090:Defa43
uniprot id: D3YX03
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Chfr
gene id: 10090:Chfr
uniprot id: Q810L3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated; may regulate its cellular level.
messages: Belongs to the CHFR family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that functions in the antephase checkpoint by actively delaying passage into mitosis in response to microtubule poisons. Acts in early prophase before chromosome condensation, when the centrosome move apart from each other along the periphery of the nucleus. Probably involved in signaling the presence of mitotic stress caused by microtubule poisons by mediating the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome. Promotes the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of AURKA and PLK1. Probably acts as a tumor suppressor, possibly by mediating the polyubiquitination of HDAC1, leading to its degradation. May also promote the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains and functions with the specific ubiquitin-conjugating UBC13-MMS2 (UBE2N-UBE2V2) heterodimer. Substrates that are polyubiquitinated at 'Lys-63' are usually not targeted for degradation, but are rather involved in signaling cellular stress (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2. Interacts with PML (with sumoylated form of PML).
messages: Mice are viable and have no obvious developmental defects. They are however cancer-prone and develop spontaneous tumors. They also display increased skin tumor incidence after treatment with dimethylbenz(a)anthracene.
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated by PKB. Phosphorylation may affect its E3 ligase activity.
messages: Poly-ADP-ribosylated. In addition to binding non covalently poly(ADP-ribose) via its PBZ-type zinc finger, the protein is also covalently poly-ADP-ribosylated by PARP1.
messages: The FHA domain plays a key role in the anti-proliferative properties of the protein and is involved in initiating a cell cycle arrest at G2/M. The FHA domain may be required to interact with phosphorylated proteins.
messages: The PBZ-type zinc finger (also named CYR) mediates non-covalent poly(ADP-ribose)-binding. Poly(ADP-ribose)-binding is dependent on the presence of zinc and is required for its function in antephase checkpoint.

10090:Ddx27
gene id: 10090:Ddx27
uniprot id: Q921N6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with PeBoW complex, composed of BOP1, PES1 and WDR12. Interacts directly with BOP1 and PES1.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX27/DRS1 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Component of the nucleolar ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing machinery that regulates 3' end formation of ribosomal 47S rRNA.
messages: The C-terminal domain regulates nucleolar localization.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Vmn1r241
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r241
uniprot id: K9J7G2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1537
gene id: 10090:Olfr1537
uniprot id: P34983
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:Gkn3
gene id: 10090:Gkn3
uniprot id: Q9D0T7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the gastrokine family.
messages: Expressed in stomach. Present in mucus cells at the base of antral glands, and Brunner glands of the duodenum. Present at lower levels in the mucus neck cell region of the fundus (at protein level).
messages: Inhibits gastric epithelial cell proliferation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Prl7a2
gene id: 10090:Prl7a2
uniprot id: A0A0M6L0L8
uniprot id: O54831
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
messages: Expression restricted to the placental tissue. Expressed only in the spongiotrophoblasts.
messages: Not detected until later in gestation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tmem151a
gene id: 10090:Tmem151a
uniprot id: Q6GQT5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM151 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sppl2b
gene id: 10090:Sppl2b
uniprot id: Q3TD49
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase A22B family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Intramembrane-cleaving aspartic protease (I-CLiP) that cleaves type II membrane signal peptides in the hydrophobic plane of the membrane. Functions in ITM2B and TNF processing. Catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of the anchored fragment of shed TNF-alpha (TNF), which promotes the release of the intracellular domain (ICD) for signaling to the nucleus. May play a role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immunity.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with ITM2B and TNF.
messages: The PAL motif is required for normal active site conformation. The catalytic domains embedded in the membrane are in the opposite orientation to that of the presenilin protein family; therefore, it is predicted to cleave type II-oriented substrate peptides like the prototypic protease SPP.

10090:Olfr173
gene id: 10090:Olfr173
uniprot id: E9QAT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Syt4
gene id: 10090:Syt4
uniprot id: P40749
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Expressed in many regions of the nervous system but is undetectable in extra neural tissues (PubMed:8058779).
messages: Interacts with KIF1A; the interaction increases in presence of calcium and decreases when SYT4 is phosphorylated at Ser-135.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-135 by MAPK8/JNK1 reduces interaction with KIF1A and neuronal dense core vesicles mobility.
messages: Synaptotagmin family member which does not bind Ca(2+) (By similarity). Involved in neuronal dense core vesicles (DCVs) mobility through its interaction with KIF1A. Upon increased neuronal activity, phosphorylation by MAPK8/JNK1 destabilizes the interaction with KIF1A and captures DCVs to synapses (PubMed:29166604). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: Synaptotagmin family member which does not bind Ca(2+). Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes (By similarity).
messages: Unlike in other synaptotagmin family members, the first C2 domain/C2A does not bind Ca(2+) neither mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding. An aspartate-to-serine substitution in this domain inactivates Ca(2+)/phospho-lipid binding.
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle membrane

10090:Ttpal
gene id: 10090:Ttpal
uniprot id: Q9D3D0
names: Function
messages: May act as a protein that binds a hydrophobic ligand.

10090:Taf4
gene id: 10090:Taf4
uniprot id: E9QAP7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TAF4 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lin9
gene id: 10090:Lin9
uniprot id: A0A0A6YVZ7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the lin-9 family.

10090:Gas6
gene id: 10090:Gas6
uniprot id: Q61592
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: GAS6 deficient mice show protection against thrombosis, but no spontaneous bleeding.
messages: Gamma-carboxyglutamate residues are formed by vitamin K dependent carboxylation. These residues are essential for the binding of calcium.
messages: Heterodimer and heterotetramer with AXL.
messages: Ligand for tyrosine-protein kinase receptors AXL, TYRO3 and MER whose signaling is implicated in cell growth and survival, cell adhesion and cell migration. GAS6/AXL signaling plays a role in various processes such as endothelial cell survival during acidification by preventing apoptosis, optimal cytokine signaling during human natural killer cell development, hepatic regeneration, gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron survival and migration, platelet activation, or regulation of thrombotic responses.
messages: Secreted

10090:Fam83g
gene id: 10090:Fam83g
uniprot id: Q5SWY7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: BMP signaling induces the phosphorylation of PAWS1 through BMPR1A at Ser-609, Ser-613 and Ser-615. In response to BMP phosphorylation at Ser-609 is necessary for the activation of SMAD4-independent BMP target genes such as NEDD9 and ASNS.
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: Found in a macromolecular complex with SMAD1. Interacts with SMAD1 (via MH2 domain); in a SMAD4-independent manner.
messages: May regulate the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) pathway.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Pbld2
gene id: 10090:Pbld2
uniprot id: Q9CXN7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PhzF family.

10090:Olfr1501
gene id: 10090:Olfr1501
uniprot id: Q8VFQ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr353
gene id: 10090:Olfr353
uniprot id: Q8VGK0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pik3r2
gene id: 10090:Pik3r2
uniprot id: O08908
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PI3K p85 subunit family.
messages: Heterodimer of a regulatory subunit PIK3R2 and a p110 catalytic subunit (PIK3CA, PIK3CB or PIK3CD). Interacts with AXL. Interacts with FLT1 (tyrosine-phosphorylated) and FLT4 (tyrosine-phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts with FBXL2; PIK3R2 is a substrate of the SCF(FBXL2) complex. Interacts with PTPN13; dephosphorylates PIK3R2 (By similarity). Interacts with NYAP1, NYAP2 and MYO16 (PubMed:21946561). Interacts with XBP1 isoform 2; the interaction is direct and induces translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 into the nucleus in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent but PI3K-independent manner (PubMed:20348926). Interacts with PIK3R1; the interaction is dissociated in an insulin-dependent manner (PubMed:20348926). Interacts with SRC (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated in response to signaling from activated receptor-type protein kinases. Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ. Dephosphorylated at Tyr-649 by PTPN13. Phosphorylation of Tyr-649 impairs while its dephosphorylation promotes interaction with FBXL2 and SCF(FBXL2)-mediated polyubiquitination.
messages: Regulatory subunit of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), a kinase that phosphorylates PtdIns(4,5)P2 (Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate) to generate phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3). PIP3 plays a key role by recruiting PH domain-containing proteins to the membrane, including AKT1 and PDPK1, activating signaling cascades involved in cell growth, survival, proliferation, motility and morphology. Binds to activated (phosphorylated) protein-tyrosine kinases, through its SH2 domain, and acts as an adapter, mediating the association of the p110 catalytic unit to the plasma membrane. Indirectly regulates autophagy (By similarity). Promotes nuclear translocation of XBP1 isoform 2 in a ER stress- and/or insulin-dependent manner during metabolic overloading in the liver and hence plays a role in glucose tolerance improvement (PubMed:20348926).
messages: The SH2 2 domain is required for interaction with FBXL2 and PTPN13.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Polyubiquitination by the SCF(FBXL2) complex probably promotes proteasomal degradation of PIK3R2.

10090:Man1b1
gene id: 10090:Man1b1
uniprot id: A2AJ15
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in glycoprotein quality control targeting of misfolded glycoproteins for degradation. It primarily trims a single alpha-1,2-linked mannose residue from Man(9)GlcNAc(2) to produce Man(8)GlcNAc(2), but at high enzyme concentrations, as found in the ER quality control compartment (ERQC), it further trims the carbohydrates to Man(5-6)GlcNAc(2) (By similarity).

10090:Usp38
gene id: 10090:Usp38
uniprot id: Q8BW70
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme exhibiting a preference towards 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains.

10090:Des
gene id: 10090:Des
uniprot id: P31001
uniprot id: Q3V1K9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ADP-ribosylation prevents ability to form intermediate filaments.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cardiac progenitor cells and immature cardiomyocytes (at protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homomer (By similarity). Interacts with MTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with DST (PubMed:10357897). Interacts with tubulin-alpha; specifically associates with detyrosinated tubulin-alpha (PubMed:27102488). Interacts with EPPK1; interaction is dependent of higher-order structure of intermediate filament. Interacts with CRYAB (By similarity). Interacts with NEB (via nebulin repeats 160-164) (By similarity). Interacts (via rod region) with NEBL (via nebulin repeats 1-5) (By similarity). Interacts with ASB2 isoform 1; the interaction targets DES for proteasomal degradation (PubMed:26343497). Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with PKP1 (PubMed:10852826).
messages: Mice hearts have reduced nebulette (NEB) and elevated actin levels, with intact myofibers showing disordered NEB organization.
messages: Muscle-specific type III intermediate filament essential for proper muscular structure and function. Plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of sarcomeres, inter-connecting the Z-disks and forming the myofibrils, linking them not only to the sarcolemmal cytoskeleton, but also to the nucleus and mitochondria, thus providing strength for the muscle fiber during activity (By similarity). In adult striated muscle they form a fibrous network connecting myofibrils to each other and to the plasma membrane from the periphery of the Z-line structures (PubMed:25394388). May act as a sarcomeric microtubule-anchoring protein: specifically associates with detyrosinated tubulin-alpha chains, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (PubMed:27102488). Contributes to the transcriptional regulation of the NKX2-5 gene in cardiac progenitor cells during a short period of cardiomyogenesis and in cardiac side population stem cells in the adult. Plays a role in maintaining an optimal conformation of nebulette (NEB) on heart muscle sarcomeres to bind and recruit cardiac alpha-actin (PubMed:27733623).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-7, Ser-28 and Ser-32 by CDK1, phosphorylation at Ser-60 by AURKB and phosphorylation at Thr-76 by ROCK1 contribute to efficient separation of desmin intermediate filaments during mitosis.
messages: Ubiquitination by a SCF-like complex containing ASB2 isoform 1 leads to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Z line
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Agap3
gene id: 10090:Agap3
uniprot id: F8VQE9
uniprot id: Q8BV81
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the centaurin gamma-like family.

10090:Pnma2
gene id: 10090:Pnma2
uniprot id: Q8BHK0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PNMA family.
messages: Expressed in the cerebrum, cerebellum and testis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Plek2
gene id: 10090:Plek2
uniprot id: Q9WV52
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May help orchestrate cytoskeletal arrangement. Contribute to lamellipodia formation. Overexpression of pleckstrin 2 causes large lamellipodia and peripheral ruffle formation.
messages: Ubiquitous. Most abundant in the thymus, large bowel, small bowel, stomach, and prostate.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium membrane

10090:Vmn1r119
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r119
uniprot id: E9Q4H3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnf130
gene id: 10090:Rnf130
uniprot id: Q8VEM1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase (By similarity). May have a role during the programmed cell death of hematopoietic cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is highest in liver, with lesser amounts in the lung, spleen, brain, heart, kidney and testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: Up-regulated in response to interleukin-3 (IL-3) withdrawal-induced apoptosis of 32Dcl3 cells (derived from bone marrow).

10090:Slc6a5
gene id: 10090:Slc6a5
uniprot id: B2RQX9
uniprot id: B2RXV9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Manea
gene id: 10090:Manea
uniprot id: Q6NXH2
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 99 family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Undergoes proteolytic cleavage in the C-terminal region.

10090:Slc25a17
gene id: 10090:Slc25a17
uniprot id: O70579
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in liver.
messages: Interacts (via N- and C-terminus peroxisomal targeting regions) with PEX19; the interaction occurs with the newly synthesized SLC25A17 in the cytosol.
messages: Peroxisomal transporter for multiple cofactors like coenzyme A (CoA), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and nucleotide adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and to a lesser extent for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate (PAP). May catalyze the transport of free CoA, FAD and NAD(+) from the cytosol into the peroxisomal matrix by a counter-exchange mechanism. Inhibited by pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and bathophenanthroline in vitro (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome membrane
messages: The N- and C-terminal portions are exposed to the cytoplasm. A region between helical transmembrane domains (TM) 4 and 5 and TM1-TM3 or TM4-TM6 are necessary for the peroxisome-targeting activity (By similarity). Lacks a typical peroxisomal sorting signal.

10090:Aipl1
gene id: 10090:Aipl1
uniprot id: Q924K1
uniprot id: Q9CTQ3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with NUB1.
messages: May be important in protein trafficking and/or protein folding and stabilization.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gatc
gene id: 10090:Gatc
uniprot id: Q8CBY0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
messages: Belongs to the GatC family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A (QRSL1), B (GATB) and C (GATC) subunits.

10090:Borcs7
gene id: 10090:Borcs7
uniprot id: Q9CRC6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor.
messages: Belongs to the BORCS7 family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) which is composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BORCS5, BORCS6, BORCS7, BORCS8, KXD1 and SNAPIN.
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Cyld
gene id: 10090:Cyld
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSE5
uniprot id: Q80TQ2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deubiquitinase that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'- and linear 'Met-1'-linked polyubiquitin chains and is involved in NF-kappa-B activation and TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis (PubMed:17548520, PubMed:28701375, PubMed:29291351, PubMed:32185393, PubMed:32424362). Negatively regulates NF-kappa-B activation by deubiquitinating upstream signaling factors (PubMed:16713561). Contributes to the regulation of cell survival, proliferation and differentiation via its effects on NF-kappa-B activation (PubMed:16713561). Negative regulator of Wnt signaling. Inhibits HDAC6 and thereby promotes acetylation of alpha-tubulin and stabilization of microtubules (PubMed:19893491). Plays a role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics, and thereby contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation, cell polarization, cell migration, and angiogenesis (PubMed:16713561, PubMed:20194890, PubMed:19893491). Required for normal cell cycle progress and normal cytokinesis (PubMed:19893491). Inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of inflammation and the innate immune response, via its effects on NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Dispensable for the maturation of intrathymic natural killer cells, but required for the continued survival of immature natural killer cells (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:18643924). Negatively regulates TNFRSF11A signaling and osteoclastogenesis (PubMed:18382763). Involved in the regulation of ciliogenesis, allowing ciliary basal bodies to migrate and dock to the plasma membrane; this process does not depend on NF-kappa-B activation (PubMed:25134987). Ability to remove linear ('Met-1'-linked) polyubiquitin chains regulates innate immunity and TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis: recruited to the LUBAC complex via interaction with SPATA2 and restricts linear polyubiquitin formation on target proteins (PubMed:28701375). Regulates innate immunity by restricting linear polyubiquitin formation on RIPK2 in response to NOD2 stimulati…
messages: Interacts (via CAP-Gly domain) with IKBKG/NEMO (via proline-rich C-terminal region) (By similarity). Interacts with TRAF2 and TRIP (By similarity). Interacts with PLK1, DVL1, DVL3, MAVS, TBK1, IKKE and RIGI (By similarity). Interacts (via CAP-Gly domain) with microtubules (PubMed:19893491). Interacts with HDAC6 and BCL3 (PubMed:16713561, PubMed:19893491). Interacts with MAP3K7 (PubMed:17548520). Identified in a complex with TRAF6 and SQSTM1 (PubMed:18382763). Interacts with OPTN and SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with CEP350 (By similarity). Interacts with RNF31; the interaction is indirect and is mediated via SPATA2 (By similarity). Interacts with SPATA2 (via the PUB domain); the interaction is direct and recruits CYLD to the LUBAC complex, thereby regulating TNF-alpha-induced necroptosis (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: No obvious phenotype, but mice are highly susceptible to carcinogens and are prone to chemically induced skin tumors (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:16713561, PubMed:17548520, PubMed:18382763, PubMed:18643924). The number of natural killer T-cells is much reduced (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:16713561, PubMed:17548520, PubMed:18382763, PubMed:18643924). Animals are highly susceptible to bacteria-induced pneumonia, due to an over active innate immune response (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:16713561, PubMed:17548520, PubMed:18382763, PubMed:18643924). Mice are more susceptible to C.rodentium infection, leading to severe inflammation in the intestine (PubMed:32424362). Animals spontaneously develop colonic inflammation, due to constitutive expression of several pro-inflammatory genes in the colon (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:16713561, PubMed:17548520, PubMed:18382763, PubMed:18643924). Animals exhibit abnormal osteoclast differentiation, leading to osteoporosis (PubMed:16501569, PubMed:16713561, PubMed:17548520, PubMed:18382763, PubMed:18643924). Hepatocyte-specific knockout mice do not exhibit any liver-related pathological phenotype under unstressed conditions (PubMed:29291351). In response to a 24-week high fat dier, they exhibit higher body and liver weight as well as reduced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance compared to controls (PubMed:29291351). They also show a considerable inflammatory response, including elevation of cytokine and chemokine concentrations in serum and mRNA expression in liver (PubMed:29291351).
messages: Phosphorylated on several serine residues by IKKA and/or IKKB in response to immune stimuli. Phosphorylation requires IKBKG. Phosphorylation abolishes TRAF2 deubiquitination, interferes with the activation of Jun kinases, and strongly reduces CD40-dependent gene activation by NF-kappa-B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated. Polyubiquitinated in hepatocytes treated with palmitic acid. Ubiquitination is mediated by E3 ligase TRIM47 and leads to proteasomal degradation.
messages: Up-regulated by TNFRSF11A.
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region
messages: spindle

10090:Rpl29
gene id: 10090:Rpl29
uniprot id: P47915
uniprot id: Q5M8M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eL29 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Zswim2
gene id: 10090:Zswim2
uniprot id: Q9D9X6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Dimer. Interacts with UBE2D1.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in the regulation of Fas-, DR3- and DR4-mediated apoptosis. Functions in conjunction with the UBE2D1, UBE2D3 and UBE2E1 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes.
messages: Expressed only in testis.
messages: Polyubiquitinated. Polyubiquitination is followed by degradation via the proteasome.
messages: The SWIM-type zinc finger is required for ubiquitination activity.

10090:Aff4
gene id: 10090:Aff4
uniprot id: Q9ESC8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AF4 family.
messages: Component of the super elongation complex (SEC), at least composed of EAF1, EAF2, CDK9, MLLT3/AF9, AFF (AFF1 or AFF4), the P-TEFb complex and ELL (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3). Interacts with ELL2; the interaction is direct and leads to stabilize ELL2 and prevent ELL2 ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). Interacts with ELL3; the interaction is direct.
messages: Expressed throughout embryogenesis with maximum expression at 10.5 and 12.5 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in testis by Sertoli cells, and at low levels in other tissues.
messages: Key component of the super elongation complex (SEC), a complex required to increase the catalytic rate of RNA polymerase II transcription by suppressing transient pausing by the polymerase at multiple sites along the DNA. In the SEC complex, AFF4 acts as a central scaffold that recruits other factors through direct interactions with ELL proteins (ELL, ELL2 or ELL3) and the P-TEFb complex. In case of infection by HIV-1 virus, the SEC complex is recruited by the viral Tat protein to stimulate viral gene expression (By similarity).
messages: Mice are infertile with azoospermia. Spermatogenesis is arrested at the level of spermiogenesis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1313
gene id: 10090:Olfr1313
uniprot id: Q7TQW8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Aacs
gene id: 10090:Aacs
uniprot id: Q9D2R0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Converts acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA in the cytosol (By similarity). Ketone body-utilizing enzyme, responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids (PubMed:22985732).
messages: cytosol

10090:Emp1
gene id: 10090:Emp1
uniprot id: P47801
uniprot id: Q05BR0
uniprot id: Q4FK43
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PMP-22/EMP/MP20 family.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ndufa2
gene id: 10090:Ndufa2
uniprot id: Q9CQ75
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Acetylation of Lys-64 and Lys-75 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA2 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Immt
gene id: 10090:Immt
uniprot id: E9Q800
uniprot id: E9QAY6
uniprot id: Q3TEY5
uniprot id: Q3TVZ5
uniprot id: Q3U7N2
uniprot id: Q8CAQ8
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MICOS complex subunit Mic60 family.
messages: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane.
messages: Component of the MICOS complex, a large protein complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane that plays crucial roles in the maintenance of crista junctions, inner membrane architecture, and formation of contact sites to the outer membrane. Plays an important role in the maintenance of the MICOS complex stability and the mitochondrial cristae morphology.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and MICOS13/MIC13 (By similarity). This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1 and MTX2 (together described as components of the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex) and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9 (By similarity). The MICOS and SAM complexes together with DNAJC11 are part of a large protein complex spanning both membranes termed the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex (By similarity). Interacts with MICOS13/MIC13, MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD6/MIC25, SAMM50 and TMEM11 (By similarity). Interacts with CHCHD3/MIC19 (PubMed:21081504). Interacts with APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and APOOL/MIC27 (By similarity). Interacts with HSPA1A/HSPA1B and OPA1, preferentially with the soluble OPA1 form (PubMed:21081504). Interacts with ARMC1 (By similarity). Interacts with ARMC12 (PubMed:33536340).
messages: Component of the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex.
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Tm6sf2
gene id: 10090:Tm6sf2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0J9
uniprot id: E9QM19
uniprot id: Q8R1J1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TM6SF family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the liver at both the mRNA and protein levels.
messages: Membrane
messages: Regulator of liver fat metabolism influencing triglyceride secretion and hepatic lipid droplet content. May function as sterol isomerase.

10090:Adssl1
gene id: 10090:Adssl1
uniprot id: P28650
uniprot id: Q3UBP0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylosuccinate synthetase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Component of the purine nucleotide cycle (PNC), which interconverts IMP and AMP to regulate the nucleotide levels in various tissues, and which contributes to glycolysis and ammoniagenesis. Catalyzes the first commited step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP.
messages: Component of the purine nucleotide cycle (PNC), which interconverts IMP and AMP to regulate the nucleotide levels in various tissues, and which contributes to glycolysis and ammoniagenesis. Catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of AMP from IMP.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: High levels in muscle.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays an important role in the de novo pathway of purine nucleotide biosynthesis.
messages: Weakly inhibited by AMP non-competitively to all substrates. Inhibited by IMP non-competitively with respect to GTP. Inhibited by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate competitively with respect to IMP.

10090:St3gal1
gene id: 10090:St3gal1
uniprot id: P54751
uniprot id: Q544T4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A beta-galactoside alpha2-3 sialyltransferase involved in terminal sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids (PubMed:8375377, PubMed:9184827). Catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid (N-acetyl-neuraminic acid; Neu5Ac) from the nucleotide sugar donor CMP-Neu5Ac onto acceptor Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-terminated glycoconjugates through an alpha2-3 linkage (PubMed:8144500, PubMed:8375377, PubMed:9184827, PubMed:10755614). Adds sialic acid to the core 1 O-glycan, Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr, which is a major structure of mucin-type O-glycans. As part of a homeostatic mechanism that regulates CD8-positive T cell numbers, sialylates core 1 O-glycans of T cell glycoproteins, SPN/CD43 and PTPRC/CD45. Prevents premature apoptosis of thymic CD8-positive T cells prior to peripheral emigration, whereas in the secondary lymphoid organs controls the survival of CD8-positive memory T cells generated following a successful immune response (PubMed:10755614). Transfers sialic acid to asialofetuin, presumably onto Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-O-Ser (PubMed:8375377). Sialylates GM1a, GA1 and GD1b gangliosides to form GD1a, GM1b and GT1b, respectively (PubMed:8144500, PubMed:8375377, PubMed:9184827).
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in submaxillary gland and to a much lesser extent in liver, lung, kidney, heart and brain.
messages: Knockout mice are deficient in CD8-positive T cells due to increased apoptosis. This is associated with a reduction of naive to memory T cells ratio in blood and peripheral lymphoid organs.
messages: Membrane
messages: Secreted
messages: The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:1810046K07Rik
gene id: 10090:1810046K07Rik
uniprot id: Q9D8Q6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU2AF family.
messages: Expressed in tuft cells of the small intestine, trachea, thymus, and colon.
messages: In the N-terminus possesses a conserved OCA domain for bivalent binding to class II POU domain-containing transcription factors and to an octamer DNA motif (5'-ATGAAAT-3').
messages: Interacts with POU2F3 in a DNA-dependent manner; this interaction increases POU2F3 transactivation activity.
messages: Mutant mice generated by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing are born at normal Mendelian ratios, and have indistinguishable weight, morphology, fertility, and organ histology from normal mice. However, tuft cells in the trachea, small intestine, urethra, gall bladder, tongue, and nasal epithelium are indetectable in Pou2af2-/- mice, whereas a partial loss of tuft cells is observed in the colon.
messages: Transcriptional coactivator that specifically associates with POU2F3 (By similarity). This complex drives the development of tuft cells, a rare chemosensory cells that coordinate immune and neural functions within mucosal epithelial tissues (PubMed:35576971).

10090:Spaca7
gene id: 10090:Spaca7
uniprot id: Q9D2S4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Involved in fertilization. Seems not to play a direct role in sperm-egg binding or gamete fusion.
messages: Secreted
messages: Testis-specific (PubMed:22495889, PubMed:24307706). Expressed in zygotene and pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids, elongating spermatids and spermatozoa (at protein level) (PubMed:22495889, PubMed:24307706). Testis-specific (PubMed:22495889).
messages: acrosome lumen

10090:Skint1
gene id: 10090:Skint1
uniprot id: A7TZE6
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SKINT family.
messages: Encoded by one of the 11 copies of Skint genes clustered in the D1 region of the chromosome 4.
messages: Expressed in skin and thymus.
messages: Humans and chimpanzees have a SKINT1-like (SKINT1L) gene with multiple inactivating mutations. All hominoid species have a common inactivating mutation, but that Old World monkeys such as olive baboons, green monkeys, cynomolgus macaques and rhesus macaques have apparently functional SKINT1L sequences, indicating that SKINT1L is inactivated in a common ancestor of hominoids.
messages: May act by engaging a cell surface molecule on immature T-cells in the embryonic thymus. Plays a central role in mediating key epithelial-immune interactions by being involved in the selection of Vgamma5(+)Vdelta1(+) T-cells, which constitute 90% of epidermal gammadelta T-cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: The strain FVB/NTac displays a selective deficiency for epidermal Vgamma5(+)Vdelta1(+) T-cells due to a mutation that creates premature codon stop at position 324.

10090:Zfyve9
gene id: 10090:Zfyve9
uniprot id: A2A8R0
uniprot id: A8Y5G5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane

10090:Epb41l2
gene id: 10090:Epb41l2
uniprot id: O70318
uniprot id: Q3UNQ6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with FCGR1A. Interacts with TRPC4 (By similarity). Interacts (via CTD domain) with FKBP2 (PubMed:9531554). Interacts with NUMA1; this interaction is negatively regulated by CDK1 during metaphase and promotes anaphase-specific localization of NUMA1 in symmetrically dividing cells (By similarity).
messages: Required for dynein-dynactin complex and NUMA1 recruitment at the mitotic cell cortex during anaphase.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Vmn1r66
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r66
uniprot id: Q8K4I0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ints8
gene id: 10090:Ints8
uniprot id: Q80V86
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 8 family.
messages: Belongs to the multiprotein complex Integrator, at least composed of INTS1, INTS2, INTS3, INTS4, INTS5, INTS6, INTS7, INTS8, INTS9/RC74, INTS10, INTS11/CPSF3L and INTS12.
messages: Component of the Integrator complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in the brain at 14.5 dpc especially in the cortex ventricular zone and hindbrain.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mlf1
gene id: 10090:Mlf1
uniprot id: Q3V042
uniprot id: Q8JZS2
uniprot id: Q9QWV4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MLF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is activated by FOXJ1.
messages: Highly expressed in skeletal muscle, heart, testis. Also found in lung, but not in spleen, thymus, bone marrow, liver and kidney.
messages: Interacts with CENPU (By similarity). Also interacts with NRBP1/MADM, YWHAZ/14-3-3-zeta and HNRPUL2/MANP. NRBP1 recruits a serine kinase which phosphorylates both itself and MLF1. Phosphorylated MLF1 then binds to YWHAZ and is retained in the cytoplasm. Retained in the nucleus by binding to HNRPUL2. Binds to COPS3/CSN3 which is required for suppression of COP1 and activation of p53.
messages: Involved in lineage commitment of primary hemopoietic progenitors by restricting erythroid formation and enhancing myeloid formation. Interferes with erythropoietin-induced erythroid terminal differentiation by preventing cells from exiting the cell cycle through suppression of CDKN1B/p27Kip1 levels. Suppresses COP1 activity via CSN3 which activates p53 and induces cell cycle arrest. Binds DNA and affects the expression of a number of genes so may function as a transcription factor in the nucleus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation is required for binding to YWHAZ.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Fpr-rs6
gene id: 10090:Fpr-rs6
uniprot id: Q3SXG2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in vomeronasal tissue (PubMed:19387439 and PubMed:19497865). Expressed in 1.2 % of a subset of sensory neurons located in the apical layer of the vomeronasal organ. Each neuron appears to express only one receptor gene. Expressed in brain, spleen, skeletal muscle and at high level in testis (PubMed:12459252).
messages: May have an olfactory function associated with the identification of pathogens or of pathogenic states.
messages: Membrane

10090:Trim41
gene id: 10090:Trim41
uniprot id: Q5NCC3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deletion mutant impairs the production of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons in macrophages after infection with both DNA and RNA viruses.
messages: E3 ligase that plays essential roles in innate antiviral response (PubMed:33640899). Directly binds to influenza A virus or vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoproteins and targets them for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby limiting viral infections (By similarity). Activates the innate antiviral response by catalyzing monoubiquitination of CGAS, thereby activating CGAS (By similarity). Also involved in innate antiviral response by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitylation of BCL10 which in turn hubs NEMO for activation of NF-kappa-B and IRF3 pathways (PubMed:33640899). Catalyzes the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of other substrates including protein kinase C, ZSCAN21 or TOP3B suggesting additional roles besides its function in immune response (PubMed:30485814).
messages: Interacts with PRKCA. Interacts with NOD2 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM17; this interaction prevents TRIM41 activity on ZSCAN2 (PubMed:30485814).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fat1
gene id: 10090:Fat1
uniprot id: A0A087WRT4
uniprot id: A0A1L1SQU7
uniprot id: F2Z4A3
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Srrt
gene id: 10090:Srrt
uniprot id: Q99MR6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a mediator between the cap-binding complex (CBC) and the primary microRNAs (miRNAs) processing machinery during cell proliferation. Contributes to the stability and delivery of capped primary miRNA transcripts to the primary miRNA processing complex containing DGCR8 and DROSHA, thereby playing a role in RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by miRNAs. Binds capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA); however interaction is probably mediated via its interaction with NCBP1/CBP80 component of the CBC complex. Involved in cell cycle progression at S phase. Does not directly confer arsenite resistance but rather modulates arsenic sensitivity. Independently of its activity on miRNAs, necessary and sufficient to promote neural stem cell self-renewal. Does so by directly binding SOX2 promoter and positively regulating its transcription.
messages: Belongs to the ARS2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Death around the time of implantation. Deletion in adults leads to proliferative arrest and bone marrow hypoplasia whereas parenchymal organs composed of nonproliferating cells are unaffected.
messages: Interacts with CASP8AP2 and ERBB4 (By similarity). Interacts with NCBP1/CBP80 and DROSHA (PubMed:19632182). Interacts with LUZP4 (By similarity). Interacts with NCBP2/CBP20 and NCBP3 (By similarity). Interacts with MTREX (By similarity).
messages: Upon cell proliferation.
messages: Widely expressed, with a preference for proliferating cells. Highly expressed in hematopoietic tissues and reduced or absent expression in parenchymal organs like liver and kidney. In the brain, expressed in the subventricular zone by niche astrocytes, ependymal cells and neural stem cells. In this cerebral context, expressed in slowly dividing cells.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Cytip
gene id: 10090:Cytip
uniprot id: Q91VY6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By its binding to cytohesin-1 (CYTH1), it modifies activation of ARFs by CYTH1 and its precise function may be to sequester CYTH1 in the cytoplasm.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Interacts with CYTH1 and SNX27.

10090:Tcaim
gene id: 10090:Tcaim
uniprot id: Q66JZ4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes, mainly in T-lymphocytes.
messages: May regulate T-cell apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Up-regulated during induction and maintenance of graft acceptance and down-regulated during graft rejection.

10090:Trim31
gene id: 10090:Trim31
uniprot id: Q8R0K2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated (in vitro).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in the gastrointestrinal tract, with high expression in the small intestine, moderate in the large intestine and weak in the stomach and esophagus.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with isoform p52shc of SHC1.
messages: May have E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity (By similarity). Regulator of Src-induced anchorage independent cell growth.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:H1f9
gene id: 10090:H1f9
uniprot id: Q9QYL0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: DNA-binding protein that may be implicated in chromatin remodeling and/or transcriptional regulation during spermiogenesis, the process of spermatid maturation into spermatozoa.
messages: Expressed exclusively in the testis by haploid germ cells (at protein level).
messages: Expression initiated at step 9 of spermatid development and peaked between steps 10-13. Expression decreased abruptly at step 14 and was undetectable after step 15.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tgds
gene id: 10090:Tgds
uniprot id: Q8VDR7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the NAD(P)-dependent epimerase/dehydratase family. dTDP-glucose dehydratase subfamily.

10090:Tmem68
gene id: 10090:Tmem68
uniprot id: Q9D850
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Il3ra
gene id: 10090:Il3ra
uniprot id: P26952
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 5 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface receptor for IL3 expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells, monocytes and B-lymphocytes that controls the production and differentiation of hematopoietic progenitor cells into lineage-restricted cells (By similarity). Ligand stimulation rapidly induces hetrodimerization with IL3RB, phosphorylation and enzyme activity of effector proteins such as JAK2 and PI3K that play a role in signaling cell proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:10477686). Activation of JAK2 leads to STAT5-mediated transcriptional program (PubMed:10376805).
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Interacts with IL3. Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit (PubMed:10477686). The beta subunit is common to the IL3, IL5 and GM-CSF receptors.
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

10090:Slc26a6
gene id: 10090:Slc26a6
uniprot id: Q8CIW6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Apical membrane anion-exchanger with wide epithelial distribution that plays a role as a component of the pH buffering system for maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Acts as a versatile DIDS-sensitive inorganic and organic anion transporter that mediates the uptake of monovalent anions like chloride, bicarbonate, formate and hydroxyl ion and divalent anions like sulfate and oxalate. Functions in multiple exchange modes involving pairs of these anions, which include chloride-bicarbonate, chloride-oxalate, oxalate-formate, oxalate-sulfate and chloride-formate exchange. Apical membrane chloride-bicarbonate exchanger that mediates luminal chloride absorption and bicarbonate secretion by the small intestinal brush border membrane and contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption, possibly by providing a bicarbonate import pathway. Its association with carbonic anhydrase CA2 forms a bicarbonate transport metabolon; hence maximizes the local concentration of bicarbonate at the transporter site. Mediates also intestinal chloride absorption and oxalate secretion, thereby preventing hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Transepithelial oxalate secretion, chloride-formate, chloride-oxalate and chloride-bicarbonate transport activities in the duodenum are inhibited by PKC activation in a calcium-independent manner. The apical membrane chloride-bicarbonate exchanger provides also a major route for fluid and bicarbonate secretion into the proximal tubules of the kidney as well as into the proximal part of the interlobular pancreatic ductal tree, where it mediates electrogenic chloride-bicarbonate exchange with a chloride-bicarbonate stoichiometry of 1:2, and hence will dilute and alkalinize protein-rich acinar secretion. Mediates also the transcellular sulfate absorption and oxalate secretion across the apical membrane in the duodenum and the formate ion efflux at the apical brush border of ce…
messages: Apical membrane chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of the pancreatic duct is inhibited by DIDS (By similarity). Apical membrane chloride-formate exchange activity in the proximal tubules of the kidney and oxalate secretion in the duodenum are inhibited by 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS - an inhibitor of several anion channels and transporters).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Expressed in kidney (at protein level). Highly expressed in stomach, kidney, heart and small intestine, low in the lung, liver, testis, brain, skeletal muscle and colon. Expressed in spermatogenic cells. Isoform 1 is expressed in intestine, kidney, testis, brain, muscle, heart, and stomach.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminal cytoplasmic domain) with CA2; the interaction stimulates chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity. Interacts with SLC9A3R1 (via the PDZ domains). Interacts with SLC9A3R2 (via the PDZ domains) (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminal domain) with PDZK1 (via C-terminal PDZ domain); the interaction induces chloride and oxalate exchange transport. Interacts with CFTR, SLC26A3 and SLC9A3R1. Interacts with AHCYL1; the interaction increases SLC26A6 activity (PubMed:23542070).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice show an important decrease in salt absorption in the intestine and failed to develop hypertension on a high-fructose diet. Show a reduction in pancreatic duct fluid and bicarbonate secretion. Show enhanced oxalate absorption in the intestine leading to hyperoxalemia and hyperoxaluria with high incidence of calcium-oxalate stones formation.
messages: Microsome
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues by PKC; the phosphorylation disrupts interaction with carbonic anhydrase CA2 and reduces bicarbonate transport activity in a phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced manner.
messages: Up-regulated by dietary fructose intake (at protein level).

10090:Wdr33
gene id: 10090:Wdr33
uniprot id: Q8K4P0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat WDR33 family.
messages: Component of the cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor (CPSF) module of the pre-mRNA 3'-end processing complex. Interacts with CPSF3/CPSF73 (By similarity).
messages: Essential for both cleavage and polyadenylation of pre-mRNA 3' ends.
messages: Most highly expressed in testis.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1290
gene id: 10090:Olfr1290
uniprot id: Q7TQX8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Nmbr
gene id: 10090:Nmbr
uniprot id: O54799
uniprot id: Q0VEH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During osteoclast development, expression is abundant in early osteoclast precursor cells, decreases as the cells differentiate and is almost absent in mature osteoclasts.
messages: Expressed in a subset of neurons of the pre-Botzinger complex (PubMed:26855425). Within the pre-Botzinger complex, there is some overlap with neurons expressing Grpr with some cells expressing only Grpr or Nmbr while some cells express both (PubMed:26855425). Expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons and mast cells (PubMed:30734045). Expressed in lung (PubMed:31601264).
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for neuromedin-B (By similarity). Contributes to the maintenance of basal sigh rate through signaling in the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (PubMed:26855425). Contributes to the induction of sneezing following exposure to chemical irritants or allergens which causes release of NMB by nasal sensory neurons and activation of NMBR-expressing neurons in the sneeze-evoking region of the brainstem (PubMed:34133943). These in turn activate neurons of the caudal ventral respiratory group, giving rise to the sneezing response (PubMed:34133943). Contributes to induction of acute itch, possibly through its activation on dorsal root ganglion neurons by the NMB peptide (PubMed:30734045). Plays a role in the innate immune response to influenza A virus infection by enhancing interferon alpha expression and reducing expression of IL6 (PubMed:31601264). Plays a role in CSF1-induced proliferation of osteoclast precursors by contributing to the positive regulation of the expression of the CSF1 receptor CSF1R (PubMed:28780306).
messages: Reduction in rate of basal sighing without affecting the respiratory rate (PubMed:26855425). Significantly reduced sneezing responses to chemical and allergen stimuli (PubMed:34133943).
messages: Up-regulated in lung tissue in response to infection with influenza A virus.

10090:Cldn13
gene id: 10090:Cldn13
uniprot id: Q547B2
uniprot id: Q9Z0S4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: tight junction

10090:Slurp1
gene id: 10090:Slurp1
uniprot id: Q9Z0K7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated in the cornea under pro-inflammatory conditions.
messages: Expressed in skin, eye, whole lung, trachea, esophagus and stomach (PubMed:14721776). Widely expressed in various tissues including spleen and thymus but not pancreas. Expressed in macrophages, dendritic cells, T and B cells (PubMed:17286989). Expressed in lung specifically in ciliated bronchial epithelial cells (at protein level). Expression is decreased in lungs of asthmatic model mice(PubMed:19396877, PubMed:20621062). Expressed in the cornea (PubMed:23139280).
messages: Has an antitumor activity. Was found to be a marker of late differentiation of the skin. Implicated in maintaining the physiological and structural integrity of the keratinocyte layers of the skin. In vitro down-regulates keratinocyte proliferation; the function may involve the proposed role as modulator of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) activity. In vitro inhibits alpha-7-dependent nAChR currents in an allosteric manner (By similarity). In T cells may be involved in regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) signaling (PubMed:17286989). Seems to have a immunomodulatory function in the cornea. The function may implicate a possible role as a scavenger receptor for PLAU thereby blocking PLAU-dependent functions of PLAUR such as in cell migration and proliferation (PubMed:23139280, PubMed:25168896).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with PLAU (PubMed:25168896). Interacts with CHRNA7.
messages: Secreted
messages: Severe palmoplantar keratoderma, reduced adiposity, protection from obesity on a high-fat diet, low plasma lipid levels, and neuromuscular abnormality (hind-limb clasping).

10090:Olfm1
gene id: 10090:Olfm1
uniprot id: G3X9Q7
uniprot id: O88998
uniprot id: Q8R357
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contributes to the regulation of axonal growth in the embryonic and adult central nervous system by inhibiting interactions between RTN4R and LINGO1. Inhibits RTN4R-mediated axon growth cone collapse (PubMed:22923615). May play an important role in regulating the production of neural crest cells by the neural tube (By similarity). May be required for normal responses to olfactory stimuli (PubMed:26107991).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in the brain cortex, olfactory bulb and vomeronasal neuroepithelium (at protein level) (PubMed:9473566, PubMed:26107991, PubMed:22923615, PubMed:22632720). Detected in brain cortex, hippocampus, dorsal root ganglion and olfactory bulb (PubMed:9473566, PubMed:22923615).
messages: Expression increases moderately during embryonic development and remains stable in the postnatal brain (PubMed:21228389). Highly expressed in uterus luminal epithelium after embryo implantation (PubMed:26107991).
messages: Females have slightly lower body weight than wild-type at birth, but strongly reduced body weight one to eight weeks after birth. Mutant females do not display normal estrus cycle responses to male odor, and have very low fertility due to a strongly decreased rate of ovulation and a low mating rate.
messages: Homotetramer; disulfide-linked. Dimer of dimers, giving rise to a V-shaped homotretramer (PubMed:25903135). Isoform 1 and isoform 3 interact with RTN4R (PubMed:22923615). Identified in a complex with RTN4R and LINGO1 (PubMed:22923615). Peripherally associated with AMPAR complex. AMPAR complex consists of an inner core made of 4 pore-forming GluA/GRIA proteins (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4) and 4 major auxiliary subunits arranged in a twofold symmetry. One of the two pairs of distinct binding sites is occupied either by CNIH2, CNIH3 or CACNG2, CACNG3. The other harbors CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG8 or GSG1L. This inner core of AMPAR complex is complemented by outer core constituents binding directly to the GluA/GRIA proteins at sites distinct from the interaction sites of the inner core constituents. Outer core constituents include at least PRRT1, PRRT2, CKAMP44/SHISA9, FRRS1L and NRN1. The proteins of the inner and outer core serve as a platform for other, more peripherally associated AMPAR constituents, including OLFM1. Alone or in combination, these auxiliary subunits control the gating and pharmacology of the AMPAR complex and profoundly impact their biogenesis and protein processing (PubMed:22632720). Interacts with OLFM2 (By similarity). Interacts with DTNB (PubMed:17265465).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Secreted
messages: Synapse
messages: The protein contains a globular N-terminal tetramerization domain, a long stalk formed by the coiled coil region and a C-terminal olfactomedin-like domain. Interactions between dimers are mediated by the coiled coil region. The dimers interact mostly via the N-terminal tetramerization domain, giving rise to a V-shaped overall architecture of the tetramer.
messages: The protein structure is stabilized by calcium ions.
messages: axon

10090:Vmn1r129
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r129
uniprot id: E9QA94
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dtnb
gene id: 10090:Dtnb
uniprot id: G3UZ87
uniprot id: O70585
uniprot id: Q8K0N0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basal cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the dystrophin family. Dystrobrevin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed mainly in liver and lung. Expressed in brain, namely in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus and in the dendrites, soma, and nuclei of pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus region CA1 (PubMed:11585924). Expressed in kidney, namely in epithelial cells of renal tubules, collecting ducts, Bowman's capsules and glomeruli (PubMed:10893187). Expressed in blood vessels and pia (PubMed:16540561).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for Dtnb are viable and fertile, and are normal in appearance (PubMed:11585924, PubMed:16540561). Double knockout mice for DTNA and DTNB genes have a mild myopathy plus synaptic defects and abnormal motor behavior (PubMed:16540561).
messages: Interacts with dystrophin short form DP71 and syntrophins SNTG1 and SNTG2 (By similarity). Binds DTNBP1 (PubMed:11316798). Forms a specific complex composed of DMD, SNTB2 and SNTA1 in neuron; the interaction with SNTB2 and SNTA1 is DMD independent (PubMed:10545507). Interacts with UTRN and dystrophin short form DP71 in the kidney and liver (PubMed:10893187). Interacts with SNTB1, SNTB2 and SNTA1 in kidney and liver (PubMed:10893187). Interacts with KIF5A (PubMed:14600269, PubMed:22978324). Interacts with HMG20A and HMG20B (PubMed:20530487). Interacts with OLFM1 (PubMed:17265465). Interacts with PRKAR2B and PRKAR1A (PubMed:17610895).
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA (PubMed:17610895). Phosphorylation at Thr-11 alters the interaction with KIF5A (PubMed:22978324).
messages: Postsynapse
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Scaffolding protein that assembles DMD and SNTA1 molecules to the basal membrane of kidney cells and liver sinusoids (PubMed:11585924). May function as a repressor of the SYN1 promoter through the binding of repressor element-1 (RE-1), in turn regulates SYN1 expression and may be involved in cell proliferation regulation during the early phase of neural differentiation (PubMed:20530487). May be required for proper maturation and function of a subset of inhibitory synapses (PubMed:16540561).
messages: The coiled coil domain may mediate the interaction with dystrophin.
messages: dendrite

10090:Tpd52l1
gene id: 10090:Tpd52l1
uniprot id: O54818
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TPD52 family.
messages: Forms a homodimer or heterodimer with other members of the family.

10090:Cdk5rap2
gene id: 10090:Cdk5rap2
uniprot id: Q0VGR5
uniprot id: Q8K389
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in the developing cortex at 9.5 dpc. Expression peaks between 10.5 and 13.5 dpc, remains robust at 15.5 dpc and declines thereafter. This peak corresponds to periods of active neurogenesis.
messages: Expressed in testis, thymus, heart and brain.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with CDK5R1 (p35 form) (By similarity). CDK5RAP1, CDK5RAP2 and CDK5RAP3 show competitive binding to CDK5R1. May form a complex with CDK5R1 and CDK5 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with PCNT; the interaction is leading to centrosomal localization of CDK5RAP2 and PCNT. Interacts with AKAP9; the interaction is leading to Golgi localization of CDK5RAP2 and AKAP9 (By similarity). Interacts with TUBG1; the interaction is leading to the centrosomal localization of CDK5RAP2 and TUBG1 (By similarity). Interacts with TUBGCP3 (By similarity). Interacts with CALM1 (By similarity). Interacts with CDC20 (By similarity). Interacts with CEP68; degradation of CEP68 in early mitosis leads to removal of CDK5RAP2 from the centrosome which promotes centriole disengagement and subsequent centriole separation (By similarity). Interacts with NCKAP5L (By similarity). Interacts with LGALS3BP; this interaction may connect the pericentrosomal complex to the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC) to promote microtubule assembly and acetylation (By similarity). Contrary to human, chimpanzee, bovine and dog orthologous proteins, does not interact with EB1/MAPRE1, possibly due to a divergence at the level of the critical residue 940, which is a proline in MAPRE1-binding orthologs and a leucine in mouse and rat (PubMed:19553473).
messages: Phosphorylated in vitro by CDK5.
messages: Potential regulator of CDK5 activity via its interaction with CDK5R1. Negative regulator of centriole disengagement (licensing) which maintains centriole engagement and cohesion (PubMed:20627074). Involved in regulation of mitotic spindle orientation (PubMed:20460369). Plays a role in the spindle checkpoint activation by acting as a transcriptional regulator of both BUBR1 and MAD2 promoter. Required for the recruitment of AKAP9 to centrosomes (By similarity). Plays a role in neurogenesis (PubMed:20471352). Contrary to higher mammalian orthologs, including human, chimpanzee, bovine and dog, does not interact with EB1/MAPRE1, therefore its function in the regulation of microtubule dynamics is unclear (PubMed:19553473).
messages: centrosome

10090:Tfap2c
gene id: 10090:Tfap2c
uniprot id: A0A023UF19
uniprot id: Q3ULB3
uniprot id: Q61312
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AP-2 family.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Can form homodimers or heterodimers with other AP-2 family members. Interacts with WWOX. Interacts with UBE2I (By similarity). Interacts with CITED4. Interacts with KCTD1; this interaction represses transcription activation. Interacts with CITED2 (via C-terminus); the interaction stimulates TFAP2B-transcriptional activity. Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity).
messages: During retinoic acid-mediated differentiation.
messages: Expressed in lung, ovary and testis. Expressed in most squamous epithelia. Also, detected in several exocrine glands including the prostate, the preputial and salivary glands, serous glands of the tongue and ocular harderian glands.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that interacts with inducible viral and cellular enhancer elements to regulate transcription of selected genes. AP-2 factors bind to the consensus sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3' and activate genes involved in a large spectrum of important biological functions including proper eye, face, body wall, limb and neural tube development. They also suppress a number of genes including MCAM/MUC18, C/EBP alpha and MYC.
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-10; which inhibits transcriptional activity.
messages: The PPxY motif mediates interaction with WWOX.

10090:Exd2
gene id: 10090:Exd2
uniprot id: Q8VEG4
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the EXD2 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Divalent metal cations; Mg(2+) or Mn(2+). Acts as a 3'-5' exoribonuclease in presence of Mg(2+), while it has no 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease activity. Has both as a 3'-5' exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities in presence of Mn(2+).
messages: Exonuclease that has both 3'-5' exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities, depending on the divalent metal cation used as cofactor. In presence of Mg(2+), only shows 3'-5' exoribonuclease activity, while it shows both exoribonuclease and exodeoxyribonuclease activities in presence of Mn(2+). Acts as an exoribonuclease in mitochondrion, possibly by regulating ATP production and mitochondrial translation. Also involved in the response to DNA damage. Acts as 3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease for double-strand breaks resection and efficient homologous recombination. Plays a key role in controlling the initial steps of chromosomal break repair, it is recruited to chromatin in a damage-dependent manner and functionally interacts with the MRN complex to accelerate resection through its 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which efficiently processes double-stranded DNA substrates containing nicks. Also involved in response to replicative stress: recruited to stalled forks and is required to stabilize and restart stalled replication forks by restraining excessive fork regression, thereby suppressing their degradation.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with RBBP8, MRE11 and BRCA1.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tnrc18
gene id: 10090:Tnrc18
uniprot id: Q80WC3
names: Caution
names: Miscellaneous
messages: Gene prediction inferred by homology with the human sequence. First thought to be the product of 2 distinct genes Tnrc18 and Zfp469.
messages: Incomplete sequence.

10090:Psma1
gene id: 10090:Psma1
uniprot id: Q3TS44
uniprot id: Q9R1P4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1A family.
messages: C-terminal extension is partially cleaved off by limited proteolysis leading to a conversion of the proteasome from its latent into its active form.
messages: Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits.
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7 (PubMed:16857966). Interacts with NOTCH3 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFAND1 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in liver tumor tissues. Up-regulated by the antioxidant dithiolethione (D3T) in liver, lung and colon (at the protein level).

10090:Itga4
gene id: 10090:Itga4
uniprot id: Q00651
uniprot id: Q792F9
uniprot id: Q8BQ25
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the integrin alpha chain family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha subunit can sometimes be cleaved into two non-covalently associated fragments. Alpha-4 associates with either beta-1 or beta-7. Alpha-4 interacts with PXN, LPXN, and TGFB1I1/HIC5. Interacts with CSPG4 through CSPG4 chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan. Interacts with JAML; integrin alpha-4/beta-1 may regulate leukocyte to endothelial cells adhesion by controlling JAML homodimerization. ITGA4:ITGB1 is found in a ternary complex with CX3CR1 and CX3CL1 (By similarity). Interacts with MDK. ITGA4:ITGB1 interacts with MDK; this interaction mediates MDK-induced osteoblast cells migration through PXN phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Integrins alpha-4/beta-1 (VLA-4 or LPAM-2) and alpha-4/beta-7 (LPAM-1) are receptors for fibronectin. They recognize one or more domains within the alternatively spliced CS-1 and CS-5 regions of fibronectin. They are also receptors for VCAM1. Integrin alpha-4/beta-1 recognizes the sequence Q-I-D-S in VCAM1. Integrin alpha-4/beta-7 is also a receptor for MADCAM1. It recognizes the sequence L-D-T in MADCAM1. On activated endothelial cells integrin VLA-4 triggers homotypic aggregation for most VLA-4-positive leukocyte cell lines. It may also participate in cytolytic T-cell interactions with target cells. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to fractalkine (CX3CL1) and may act as its coreceptor in CX3CR1-dependent fractalkine signaling. ITGA4:ITGB1 binds to PLA2G2A via a site (site 2) which is distinct from the classical ligand-binding site (site 1) and this induces integrin conformational changes and enhanced ligand binding to site 1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Peyer patch homing cells.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-1028 inhibits PXN binding.
messages: The SG1 motif is involved in binding to chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan and cell adhesion.

10090:Pcmt1
gene id: 10090:Pcmt1
uniprot id: E0CYV0
uniprot id: E9PWE0
uniprot id: P23506
uniprot id: Q545L9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. L-isoaspartyl/D-aspartyl protein methyltransferase family.
messages: Initiates the repair of damaged proteins by catalyzing methyl esterification of L-isoaspartyl and D-aspartyl residues produced by spontaneous isomerization and racemization of L-aspartyl and L-asparaginyl residues in aging peptides and proteins (PubMed:12023972, PubMed:16923807, PubMed:20424163). Acts on EIF4EBP2, microtubule-associated protein 2, calreticulin, clathrin light chains a and b, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1, phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1, stathmin, beta-synuclein and alpha-synuclein (PubMed:16923807, PubMed:20424163).
messages: Monomer.
messages: The survival of Pcmt1 homozygous knockout mice drops significantly between the ages of 20 and 50 days compared to their wild-type counterparts (PubMed:12023972). They have 20 times more damaged aspartyl residues in their brains (PubMed:12023972).
messages: cytosol

10090:Slx4
gene id: 10090:Slx4
uniprot id: Q6P1D7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLX4 family.
messages: Forms a heterodimer with SLX1A/GIYD1. Interacts with ERCC4/XPF; catalytic subunit of the ERCC4-ERCC1 endonuclease. Interacts with MUS81; catalytic subunit of the MUS81-EME1 endonuclease. Interacts with MSH2; component of the MSH2-MSH3 mismatch repair complex. Interacts with TERF2-TERF2IP. Interacts with PLK1 and SLX4IP (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Expressed in bone marrow, brain, thymus and weakly in heart, kidney and spleen.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit that interacts with and increases the activity of different structure-specific endonucleases. Has several distinct roles in protecting genome stability by resolving diverse forms of deleterious DNA structures originating from replication and recombination intermediates and from DNA damage. Component of the SLX1-SLX4 structure-specific endonuclease that resolves DNA secondary structures generated during DNA repair and recombination. Has endonuclease activity towards branched DNA substrates, introducing single-strand cuts in duplex DNA close to junctions with ss-DNA. Has a preference for 5'-flap structures, and promotes symmetrical cleavage of static and migrating Holliday junctions (HJs). Resolves HJs by generating two pairs of ligatable, nicked duplex products. Interacts with the structure-specific ERCC4-ERCC1 endonuclease and promotes the cleavage of bubble structures. Interacts with the structure-specific MUS81-EME1 endonuclease and promotes the cleavage of 3'-flap and replication fork-like structures. SLX4 is required for recovery from alkylation-induced DNA damage and is involved in the resolution of DNA double-strand breaks (By similarity).

10090:Ube3a
gene id: 10090:Ube3a
uniprot id: O08759
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cysteine residue is required for ubiquitin-thioester formation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and transfers it to its substrates. Several substrates have been identified including the BMAL1, ARC, RAD23A and RAD23B, MCM7 (which is involved in DNA replication), annexin A1, the PML tumor suppressor, and the cell cycle regulator CDKN1B (PubMed:20211139, PubMed:24728990). Additionally, may function as a cellular quality control ubiquitin ligase by helping the degradation of the cytoplasmic misfolded proteins. Finally, UBE3A also promotes its own degradation in vivo (By similarity). Plays an important role in the regulation of the circadian clock: involved in the ubiquitination of the core clock component BMAL1, leading to its proteasomal degradation (PubMed:24728990). Acts as a regulator of synaptic development by mediating ubiquitination and degradation of ARC (PubMed:20211139). Synergizes with WBP2 in enhancing PGR activity (By similarity).
messages: Mice with maternal deficiency display autism spectrum disorders, characterized by motor dysfunction, inducible seizures and a context-dependent learning deficit (PubMed:9808466, PubMed:11895368). Long-term potentiation (LTP) is severely impaired despite normal baseline synaptic transmission and neuroanatomy (PubMed:9808466). The cytoplasmic abundance of p53/TP53 is increased in postmitotic neurons (PubMed:9808466). Accumulation of ARC protein in neurons, resulting in the excessive internalization of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) at synapses and impaired synaptic function (PubMed:20211139).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-654 by ABL1 impairs E3 ligase activity.
messages: The Ube3a locus is imprinted with silencing of the paternal allele in hippocampus and cerebellum in mice.
messages: The active form is probably a homotrimer. Binds UBQLN1 and UBQLN2. Interacts with the 26S proteasome. Interacts with BPY2. Interacts with HIF1AN, MAPK6 and NEURL4; interaction with MAPK6 may be mediated by NEURL4. Interacts with the proteasomal subunit PSMD4. Interacts with BMAL1 (PubMed:24728990). Interacts with ARC (PubMed:20211139). Interacts with ESR1 and WBP2 (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated in response to neuronal activity.
messages: Widely expressed. Most abundant in brain, heart and thymus.

10090:Ccdc85c
gene id: 10090:Ccdc85c
uniprot id: A0A217FL83
uniprot id: E9Q6B2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCDC85 family.
messages: Disrupted in the hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (hhy) mutant. The mutant animals shown sucortical heterotopia and non-obstructive hydrocephalus with frequent brain hemorrhage.
messages: May interact with ARVCF, CTNND1, CTNND2 and PKP4.
messages: May play a role in cell-cell adhesion and epithelium development through its interaction with proteins of the beta-catenin family (By similarity). May play an important role in cortical development, especially in the maintenance of radial glia (PubMed:22056358).
messages: Predominantly expressed on the surface of the lateral ventricular walls of the developing cerebral cortex.
messages: adherens junction
messages: tight junction

10090:Gm21076
gene id: 10090:Gm21076
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Psd4
gene id: 10090:Psd4
uniprot id: Q8BLR5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for ARF6 and ARL14/ARF7. Through ARL14 activation, controls the movement of MHC class II-containing vesicles along the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic cells. Involved in membrane recycling. Interacts with several phosphatidylinositol phosphate species, including phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (By similarity).
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Hrnr
gene id: 10090:Hrnr
uniprot id: Q8BLX1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.

10090:Tas1r3
gene id: 10090:Tas1r3
uniprot id: Q925D8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 3 family. TAS1R subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in circumvallate, foliate and fungiform taste papillae as well as in taste buds on the palate. Also expressed in testis. Not expressed in brain, heart, kidney, liver or spleen. The topographic distribution in various taste papillae is different from those of other T1R members.
messages: Forms homodimers or heterodimers with TAS1R1 and TAS1R2.
messages: Putative taste receptor. TAS1R1/TAS1R3 responds to the umami taste stimulus (the taste of monosodium glutamate) and also to most of the 20 standard L-amino acids, but not to their D-enantiomers or other compounds. TAS1R2/TAS1R3 recognizes diverse natural and synthetic sweeteners. TAS1R3 is essential for the recognition and response to the disaccharide trehalose. Sequence differences within and between species can significantly influence the selectivity and specificity of taste responses.
messages: The Thr-60 variant is predicted to introduce a novel N-linked glycosylation site at Asn-58. The addition of even a short carbohydrate group at Asn-58 is predicted to disrupt one of the contact surfaces required for stability of a dimer. Therefore a Thr-60 variant N-glycosylated at Asn-58 is predicted to be precluded from forming homodimers or heterodimers.

10090:Cadm2
gene id: 10090:Cadm2
uniprot id: Q8BLQ9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Adhesion molecule that engages in homo- and heterophilic interactions with the other nectin-like family members, leading to cell aggregation. Important for synapse organization, providing regulated trans-synaptic adhesion. Preferentially binds to oligodendrocytes (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the nectin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Glycosylation at Asn-51 reduces adhesive binding.
messages: Synapse
messages: axon

10090:Tubb4a
gene id: 10090:Tubb4a
uniprot id: Q9D6F9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Phosphorylated on Ser-172 by CDK1 during the cell cycle, from metaphase to telophase, but not in interphase. This phosphorylation inhibits tubulin incorporation into microtubules.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREI motif is common among all beta-tubulin isoforms and may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: The highly acidic C-terminal region may bind cations such as calcium.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Maml1
gene id: 10090:Maml1
uniprot id: Q6T264
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional coactivator for NOTCH proteins. Has been shown to amplify NOTCH-induced transcription of HES1. Enhances phosphorylation and proteolytic turnover of the NOTCH intracellular domain in the nucleus through interaction with CDK8. Binds to CREBBP/CBP which promotes nucleosome acetylation at NOTCH enhancers and activates transcription. Induces phosphorylation and localization of CREBBP to nuclear foci. Plays a role in hematopoietic development by regulating NOTCH-mediated lymphoid cell fate decisions.
messages: At E9.5, strongly expressed in the telencephalon, first branchial arch, forelimb buds and somites. By 10.5 dpc, continuously expressed in brain and spinal cord. Also expressed in first and second branchial arches and limb buds. By 11.5 dpc, expression in CNS is weak but increases in mesodermal tissues. At 14.5 dpc, detected in epithelial cells in trachea, esophagus and proximal and distal tubules of the developing lungs.
messages: Belongs to the mastermind family.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminus) with NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NOTCH3 and NOTCH4 (via ankyrin repeat region). Interacts (via N-terminus) with p53 (via DNA-binding region). Forms a DNA-binding complex with Notch proteins and RBPSUH/RBP-J kappa/CBF1. Also binds CREBBP/CBP and CDK8. Forms a complex with PRAG1, NOTCH1 and MAML1, in a MAML1-dependent manner (PubMed:25038227).
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The C-terminal region is required for transcriptional activation.

10090:Dhx40
gene id: 10090:Dhx40
uniprot id: Q6PE54
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DEAH subfamily.
messages: Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase.

10090:Kcng2
gene id: 10090:Kcng2
uniprot id: F7A6P6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Cdh19
gene id: 10090:Cdh19
uniprot id: E9Q3A7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Snx25
gene id: 10090:Snx25
uniprot id: E9Q1K0
uniprot id: Q3ZT31
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May be involved in several stages of intracellular trafficking.

10090:Canx
gene id: 10090:Canx
uniprot id: P35564
uniprot id: Q5SUC3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the calreticulin family.
messages: Calcium-binding protein that interacts with newly synthesized monoglucosylated glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. It may act in assisting protein assembly and/or in the retention within the ER of unassembled protein subunits. It seems to play a major role in the quality control apparatus of the ER by the retention of incorrectly folded proteins. Associated with partial T-cell antigen receptor complexes that escape the ER of immature thymocytes, it may function as a signaling complex regulating thymocyte maturation. Additionally it may play a role in receptor-mediated endocytosis at the synapse.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with MAPK3/ERK1 (By similarity). Interacts with KCNH2 (By similarity). Associates with ribosomes (By similarity). The palmitoylated form interacts with the ribosome-translocon complex component SSR1, promoting efficient folding of glycoproteins (By similarity). Interacts with SERPINA2P/SERPINA2 and with the S and Z variants of SERPINA1 (By similarity). Interacts with SGIP1; involved in negative regulation of endocytosis (PubMed:21747946). Interacts with PPIB (By similarity). Interacts with SMIM22 (By similarity). Interacts with TMX2 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM35A/NACHO (PubMed:32783947). Interacts with CHRNA7 (By similarity). Interacts with reticulophagy regulators RETREG2 and RETREG3 (By similarity).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Palmitoylation by DHHC6 leads to the preferential localization to the perinuclear rough ER. It mediates the association of calnexin with the ribosome-translocon complex (RTC) which is required for efficient folding of glycosylated proteins (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-563 by MAPK3/ERK1. Phosphorylation by MAPK3/ERK1 increases its association with ribosomes (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation. Probably ubiquitinated by ZNRF4.

10090:Borcs6
gene id: 10090:Borcs6
uniprot id: Q9D6W8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor.
messages: Belongs to the BORCS6 family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) which is composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BORCS5, BORCS6, BORCS7, BORCS8, KXD1 and SNAPIN.
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Xpo4
gene id: 10090:Xpo4
uniprot id: A0A0R4J254
uniprot id: Q9ESJ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the exportin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with Ran and cargo proteins in a GTP-dependent manner.
messages: Mediates the nuclear export of proteins (cargos), such as EIF5A, SMAD3 and isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) (By similarity). In the nucleus binds cooperatively to its cargo and to the GTPase Ran in its active GTP-bound form (By similarity). Docking of this trimeric complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins (By similarity). Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor (By similarity). XPO4 then return to the nuclear compartment and mediate another round of transport (By similarity). The directionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus (By similarity). Catalyzes the nuclear export of hypusinated EIF5A; a small cytoplasmic protein that enters nucleus and accumulates within nucleolus if not exported back by XPO4 (PubMed:27306458). Specifically mediates nuclear export of isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) following PKM2 deacetylation by SIRT6 (By similarity). Also mediates the nuclear import of SOX transcription factors SRY and SOX2 (PubMed:19349578).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Akr7a5
gene id: 10090:Akr7a5
uniprot id: Q8CG76
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family. Aldo/keto reductase 2 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of succinic semialdehyde to gamma-hydroxybutyrate. May have an important role in producing the neuromodulator gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB). Has broad substrate specificity. Can reduce the dialdehyde protein-binding form of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to the non-binding AFB1 dialcohol. May be involved in protection of liver against the toxic and carcinogenic effects of AFB1, a potent hepatocarcinogen (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney, testis and brain with low levels in skeletal muscle, spleen, heart and lung.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Inhibited by citrate, succinate and tartrate.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Ppm1f
gene id: 10090:Ppm1f
uniprot id: Q8CGA0
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with FEM1B.
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Dephosphorylates and concomitantly deactivates CaM-kinase II activated upon autophosphorylation, and CaM-kinases IV and I activated upon phosphorylation by CaM-kinase kinase. Promotes apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the liver.

10090:Slc22a16
gene id: 10090:Slc22a16
uniprot id: Q497L8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator (TC 2.A.1) superfamily. Organic cation transporter (TC 2.A.1.19) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High affinity carnitine transporter; the uptake is partially sodium-ion dependent. Thought to mediate the L-carnitine secretion mechanism from testis epididymal epithelium into the lumen which is involved in the maturation of spermatozoa. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) and doxorubicin. The uptake of TEA is inhibited by various organic cations. The uptake of doxorubicin is sodium-independent (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Rasl11b
gene id: 10090:Rasl11b
uniprot id: Q922H7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.

10090:Zdhhc11
gene id: 10090:Zdhhc11
uniprot id: Q14AK4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DHHC palmitoyltransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-localized palmitoyltransferase that could catalyze the addition of palmitate onto various protein substrates and be involved in a variety of cellular processes (PubMed:23687301). Has a palmitoyltransferase activity toward NCDN and regulates NCDN association with endosome membranes through this palmitoylation (PubMed:23687301). May play a role in cell proliferation (By similarity).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Has also a palmitoyltransferase activity-independent function in DNA virus-triggered and CGAS-mediated innate immune response (PubMed:29429998). Functions as an adapter that recruits IRF3 to STING1 to promote the activation of that key transcriptional regulator of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune response (PubMed:29429998).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice are viable and do not show overt phenotype (PubMed:29429998). Composition and number of major immune cells is normal but mice are more susceptible to DNA-virus infection and death than their wild-type counterpart (PubMed:29429998).
messages: Interacts with IRF3 and STING1; in presence of DNA viruses recruits IRF3 to STING1 promoting IRF3 phosphorylation and activation.
messages: The DHHC domain is required for palmitoyltransferase activity.

10090:Cnot2
gene id: 10090:Cnot2
uniprot id: A0A1S6GWJ6
uniprot id: E9Q027
uniprot id: Q5CZY5
uniprot id: Q8C5L3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CNOT2/3/5 family.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex which is one of the major cellular mRNA deadenylases and is linked to various cellular processes including bulk mRNA degradation, miRNA-mediated repression, translational repression during translational initiation and general transcription regulation. Additional complex functions may be a consequence of its influence on mRNA expression. Required for the CCR4-NOT complex structural integrity. Can repress transcription and may link the CCR4-NOT complex to transcriptional regulation; the repressive function may specifically involve the N-Cor repressor complex containing HDAC3, NCOR1 and NCOR2. Involved in the maintenance of embryonic stem (ES) cell identity; prevents their differentiation towards extraembryonic trophectoderm lineages.
messages: Component of the CCR4-NOT complex; distinct complexes seem to exist that differ in the participation of probably mutually exclusive catalytic subunits. In the complex interacts directly with CNOT3. Interacts with NCOR1, NCOR2. HDAC3 and GPS2 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells and in inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lgals2
gene id: 10090:Lgals2
uniprot id: Q9CQW5
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer.
messages: This protein binds beta-galactoside. Its physiological function is not yet known.

10090:Oxct2a
gene id: 10090:Oxct2a
uniprot id: Q9JJN4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase family.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Key enzyme for ketone body catabolism. Transfers the CoA moiety from succinate to acetoacetate. Formation of the enzyme-CoA intermediate proceeds via an unstable anhydride species formed between the carboxylate groups of the enzyme and substrate (By similarity). Probably play and important roles in the energy metabolism of spermatozoa.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Lhcgr
gene id: 10090:Lhcgr
uniprot id: P30730
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Receptor for lutropin-choriogonadotropic hormone. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylate cyclase.
messages: Sulfated.

10090:Pi4k2a
gene id: 10090:Pi4k2a
uniprot id: Q2TBE6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with the BLOC-1 and the AP-3 complexes; the BLOC-1 complex is required for optimal binding of PI4K2A to the AP-3 complex (PubMed:21998198). Interacts with BLOC1S5 and DTNBP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ITCH (PubMed:23146885). Interacts with FOS; this interaction may enhance phosphatidylinositol phosphorylation activity (PubMed:22105363). Interacts with ATG9A (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. Type II PI4K subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level).
messages: Endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Membrane-bound phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase (PI4-kinase) that catalyzes the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P), a lipid that plays important roles in endocytosis, Golgi function, protein sorting and membrane trafficking and is required for prolonged survival of neurons. Besides, phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol (PI) to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI4P) is the first committed step in the generation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), a precursor of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3).
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate. Young animals have no visible phenotype, but oldeer mice develop urinary incontinence, head tremor, spastic gait, weakness of the hind limbs, followed by additional weakness of the forelimbs, weight loss and premature death. Their brains show no gross anatomical defects, but show loss of Purkinje cells. In addition, mice present massive axon degeneration in the ascending and descending tract of the spinal cord. Male mice are infertile and females are subfertile.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Palmitoylated by ZDHHC3 and ZDHHC7 in the CCPCC motif. Palmitoylation is cholesterol-dependent, and required for TGN localization (By similarity).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Ubiquitinated by ITCH; this does not lead to proteasomal degradation.
messages: dendrite
messages: neuron projection
messages: synaptosome
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Tmem168
gene id: 10090:Tmem168
uniprot id: Q91VX9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM168 family.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Plays a key role in maintaining the cardiac electrical stability by modulating cell surface expression of SCN5A (PubMed:32175648). Plays a role i the modulation of anxiety behavior by regulating GABAergic neuronal system in the nucleus accumbens (PubMed:29211814).

10090:Acot12
gene id: 10090:Acot12
uniprot id: Q9DBK0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Allosterically regulated by ATP (activator) and ADP (inhibitor) (By similarity). Cold labile, it dissociates into inactive monomers at low temperature (By similarity).
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids and coenzyme A (CoASH), regulating their respective intracellular levels. Preferentially hydrolyzes acetyl-CoA.
messages: Homodimer or homotetramer.
messages: cytosol

10090:Tmem143
gene id: 10090:Tmem143
uniprot id: Q8VD26
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem121
gene id: 10090:Tmem121
uniprot id: Q80XA0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM121 family.
messages: Displays strong neural pattern at 8.5 dpc to 12.5 dpc. Not expressed in the heart.
messages: May play a role in MAPK signaling.
messages: Membrane

10090:Erp27
gene id: 10090:Erp27
uniprot id: Q9D8U3
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Does not contain a CXXC active site motif indicating that it is a catalytically redox-inactive member of the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Interacts with PDIA3.
messages: Specifically binds unfolded proteins and may recruit protein disulfide isomerase PDIA3 to unfolded substrates. Binds protein substrates via a hydrophobic pocket in the C-terminal domain. May play a role in the unfolded stress response.

10090:Tsc22d3
gene id: 10090:Tsc22d3
uniprot id: Q9Z2S7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TSC-22/Dip/Bun family.
messages: By glucocorticoids in lymphoid cells and upon IL4, IL10, IL13 or glucocorticoid treatment in monocyte/macrophage cells. Transiently induced by IL2 deprivation in T-cells. Isoform 1 and isoform 4 expression is up-regulated by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone in differentiating myoblasts.
messages: Can form homodimers, however it is likely to function as a monomer. Interacts with AP1 and NFKB1 (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 4 interact with MYOD1. Isoform 1 interacts with HDAC1; this interaction affects HDAC1 activity on MYOG promoter and thus inhibits MYOD1 transcriptional activity.
messages: Constitutively expressed in lung, intestine, kidney and liver, most probably by resident cells from the macrophage lineage. Expression inversely correlates with T-cell activation, being higher in resting cells and lower in cells activated by TCR/CD3 triggering. Isoform 1 and isoform 4 are expressed in spleen and skeletal muscle (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in thymus, lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, lung and skeletal muscle.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 4 are expressed in differentiating myoblasts at a time of myotube formation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protects T-cells from IL2 deprivation-induced apoptosis through the inhibition of FOXO3A transcriptional activity that leads to the down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic factor BCL2L11. In macrophages, plays a role in the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects of glucocorticoids and IL10. In T-cells, inhibits anti-CD3-induced NFKB1 nuclear translocation. In vitro, suppresses AP1 and NFKB1 DNA-binding activities (By similarity). Isoform 1 and isoform 4 inhibit myogenic differentiation and mediate anti-myogenic effects of glucocorticoids by binding and regulating MYOD1 and HDAC1 transcriptional activity resulting in reduced expression of MYOG.
messages: The leucine-zipper is involved in homodimerization.

10090:Pbdc1
gene id: 10090:Pbdc1
uniprot id: Q9D0B6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PBDC1 family.

10090:Nrarp
gene id: 10090:Nrarp
uniprot id: Q91ZA8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Axial skeletal defects in newborn mice such as rib fusions, fused vertebral bodies and fused pedicles of the vertebrae; defects are influenced by the strain-specific genetic background. Embryos exhibit expansion and fusion of myotomes, dorsal root ganglia fusions and defects in projection of the spinal nerves. Embryos show increased level of Notch 1 intracellular domain (NICD) expression in presomitic mesoderm and somites (PubMed:21998026). In contrast, fewer somites and vertebrae found in -/- are linked to a longer segmentation clock period (PubMed:21795391). Defects in the radial expansion of the vascular plexus from the optic nerve head to the periphery, reduction of retinal vessel density; however, most of the defects in angiogenesis resolve over time (PubMed:19154719).
messages: Belongs to the NRARP family.
messages: By Notch signaling via a CBF1/Su(H)/Lag-1 (CSL)-dependent pathway.
messages: Downstream effector of Notch signaling. Involved in the regulation of liver cancer cells self-renewal (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of canonical Wnt signaling by stabilizing LEF1 (By similarity). Involved in angiogenesis acting downstream of Notch at branch points to regulate vascular density. Proposed to integrate endothelial Notch and Wnt signaling to control stalk cell proliferation and to stablilize new endothelial connections during angiogenesis (PubMed:19154719). During somitogenesis involved in maintenance of proper somite segmentation and proper numbers of somites and vertebrae. Required for proper anterior-posterior somite patterning. Proposed to function in a negative feedback loop to destabilize Notch 1 intracellular domain (NICD) and down-regulate the Notch signal, preventing expansion of the Notch signal into the anterior somite domain (PubMed:21795391, PubMed:21998026).
messages: During embryogenesis, expressed in several tissues in which cellular differentiation is regulated by the notch signaling pathway. At 10.5 dpc expressed in intersomatic vessels and in vessels of the limb buds with strongest expression at vascular branch points. Cyclic expression between 8.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc somitogenesis is dependent on DLL3.
messages: Expressed at high levels in the brain, heart, colon, kidney, liver, lung and small intestine. Expressed in retina, most prominent in endothelial cells at the migrating point of the vasculature behind leading tip cells. Expressed in testis.
messages: Interacts with LEF1.

10090:Lypd2
gene id: 10090:Lypd2
uniprot id: Q9DD23
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane

10090:Olfr199
gene id: 10090:Olfr199
uniprot id: F6ZUS0
uniprot id: Q7TS39
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zeb2
gene id: 10090:Zeb2
uniprot id: Q3URW5
uniprot id: Q9R0G7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the delta-EF1/ZFH-1 C2H2-type zinc-finger family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with CBX4 and CTBP1 (By similarity). Binds activated SMAD1, activated SMAD2 and activated SMAD3; binding with SMAD4 is not detected (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylation on Lys-391 and Lys-866 is promoted by the E3 SUMO-protein ligase CBX4, and impairs interaction with CTBP1 and transcription repression activity.
messages: Transcriptional inhibitor that binds to DNA sequence 5'-CACCT-3' in different promoters. Represses transcription of E-cadherin. Represses expression of MEOX2.

10090:Ptpn21
gene id: 10090:Ptpn21
uniprot id: G5E8J4
uniprot id: Q4KML9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Heatr1
gene id: 10090:Heatr1
uniprot id: G3X9B1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HEATR1/UTP10 family.
messages: Involved in nucleolar processing of pre-18S ribosomal RNA.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Tcam1
gene id: 10090:Tcam1
uniprot id: Q80X70
uniprot id: Q99NB3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. ICAM family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Mif
gene id: 10090:Mif
uniprot id: P34884
uniprot id: Q545F0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MIF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer (PubMed:16780921). Interacts with CD74 and CXCR2 extracellular domain and COPS5 (PubMed:19188446). Interacts with the USO1 and BNIPL (By similarity).
messages: Pro-inflammatory cytokine involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens (By similarity). The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense (By similarity). Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids (By similarity). Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known (PubMed:19188446, PubMed:10933783, PubMed:16780921). It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity (PubMed:19188446, PubMed:10933783, PubMed:16780921).
messages: Secreted

10090:Tmed6
gene id: 10090:Tmed6
uniprot id: Q9CQG0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Stimate
gene id: 10090:Stimate
uniprot id: Q3UF25
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a regulator of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) at junctional sites that connect the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM), called ER-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junction or cortical ER. SOCE is a Ca(2+) influx following depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores. Acts by interacting with STIM1, promoting STIM1 conformational switch. Involved in STIM1 relocalization to ER-PM junctions. Contributes to the maintenance and reorganization of store-dependent ER-PM junctions.
messages: Belongs to the STIMATE family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with STIM1.
messages: The GXXXG motif may mediate oligomerization. The C-terminus is necessary for its localization at ER-plasma membrane (ER-PM) junctions as well as for the store-dependent rearrangement of ER-PM junctions.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Nqo2
gene id: 10090:Nqo2
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VL95
uniprot id: Q9CVF5
uniprot id: Q9JI75
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: The enzyme apparently serves as a quinone reductase in connection with conjugation reactions of hydroquinones involved in detoxification pathways as well as in biosynthetic processes such as the vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylation of glutamate residues in prothrombin synthesis.
messages: Uses dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH) rather than NAD(P)H as an electron donor.

10090:Gria4
gene id: 10090:Gria4
uniprot id: Q9Z2W8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA4 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with EPB41L1 via its C-terminus (By similarity). Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5 and PRKCG (By similarity).
messages: Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-611 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-837 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-862 by PRKCG; phosphorylation increases plasma membrane-associated GRI4 expression.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate (By similarity).
messages: The M4 transmembrane segment mediates tetramerization and is required for cell surface expression.
messages: The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate.
messages: dendrite

10090:Zfp354c
gene id: 10090:Zfp354c
uniprot id: Q571J5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in brain. Lower levels in kidney, heart, lung, spleen and eye. Down-regulated during kidney maturation. Expressed in embryonic myogenic progenitor cells, not expressed in adult and aged satellite cells (PubMed:27446912).
messages: In myogenic progenitor cells, expressed during early myogenic development (11.5 dpc) to be gradually down-regulated during the fetal stages (from 14.5 dpc to adulthood).
messages: KRAB domain is not required for nuclear targeting or for DNA binding.
messages: May function as a transcription repressor. Binds to 5'-CCACA-3' core sequence. Suppresses osteogenic effects of RUNX2. May be involved in osteoblastic differentiation (By similarity). Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, may be involved in the regulation of satellite cells self-renewal (PubMed:27446912).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Zinc finger region is involved in nuclear targeting and DNA-binding.

10090:Zfp54
gene id: 10090:Zfp54
uniprot id: E9PW05
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed at high levels in testis, may also be expressed at low levels in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Expression is initially maternally contributed, with increased expression at the two-cell stage followed by significant decrease at the 4-cell stage, remaining consistently low through to the morula stage (PubMed:20624068). Elevated expression in early embryonic stage (7 days post coitum (dpc)) with decreased but consistent expression thereafter in whole embryos (PubMed:10384051). Increased expression at 20 dpc in testis, with lower but consistent expression thereafter (PubMed:10384051).
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Srp54a
gene id: 10090:Srp54a
uniprot id: P14576
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GTP-binding SRP family. SRP54 subfamily.
messages: Component of a signal recognition particle (SRP) complex that consists of a 7SL RNA molecule of 300 nucleotides and six protein subunits: SRP72, SRP68, SRP54, SRP19, SRP14 and SRP9 (By similarity). Interacts with RNPS1 (By similarity). Interacts with the SRP receptor subunit SRPRA (By similarity).
messages: Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (By similarity). As part of the SRP complex, associates with the SRP receptor (SR) component SRPRA to target secretory proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane (By similarity). Binds to the signal sequence of presecretory proteins when they emerge from the ribosomes (By similarity). Displays basal GTPase activity, and stimulates reciprocal GTPase activation of the SR subunit SRPRA (By similarity). Forms a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent complex with the SR subunit SRPRA (By similarity). SR compaction and GTPase mediated rearrangement of SR drive SRP-mediated cotranslational protein translocation into the ER (By similarity). Requires the presence of SRP9/SRP14 and/or SRP19 to stably interact with RNA (By similarity). Plays a role in proliferation and differentiation of granulocytic cells, neutrophils migration capacity and exocrine pancreas development (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The M domain binds the 7SL RNA in presence of SRP19 and binds the signal sequence of presecretory proteins.
messages: The NG domain, also named G domain, is a special guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) domain, which binds GTP and forms a guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP)-dependent complex with a homologous NG domain in the SRP receptor subunit SRPRA (By similarity). The two NG domains undergo cooperative rearrangements upon their assembly, which culminate in the reciprocal activation of the GTPase activity of one another (By similarity). SRP receptor compaction upon binding with cargo-loaded SRP and GTPase rearrangement drive SRP-mediated cotranslational protein translocation into the ER (By similarity).

10090:Sez6l2
gene id: 10090:Sez6l2
uniprot id: Q4V9Z5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SEZ6 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed exclusively in the brain, predominantly in the neurons. Wide expression in the gray matter of the brain with high levels in the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nuclei, hippocampal formation and cerebellar cortex. Detected diffusely and weakly in the white matter, such as the corpus callosum and cerebellar medulla. In the cerebellar cortex, intensely expressed in Purkinje cells (PC) and granule cells. Detected also in interneurons in the molecular layer. Up-regulated at two weeks after birth.
messages: May contribute to specialized endoplasmic reticulum functions in neurons.
messages: Mice lacking Sez6, Sez6l1, Sez6l2 exhibit motor discordination, and PCs are ofen innervated by multiple climbing fibers with different neuronal origins in the cerebellum.

10090:Sult1b1
gene id: 10090:Sult1b1
uniprot id: Q9QWG7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression was detected at very low level in liver from 1 day-old and then gradually increased to the maximum level at 4 weeks old.
messages: Liver specific.
messages: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation of dopamine, small phenols such as 1-naphthol and p-nitrophenol and thyroid hormones, including 3,3'-diiodothyronine, triidothyronine (T3) and reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) (PubMed:9644246). May play a role in gut microbiota-host metabolic interaction. O-sulfonates 4-ethylphenol (4-EP), a dietary tyrosine-derived metabolite produced by gut bacteria. The product 4-EPS crosses the blood-brain barrier and may negatively regulate oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination, affecting the functional connectivity of different brain regions associated with the limbic system (By similarity).

10090:Zfp821
gene id: 10090:Zfp821
uniprot id: Q6PD05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atrip
gene id: 10090:Atrip
uniprot id: Q8BMG1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATRIP family.
messages: Heterodimer with ATR. The heterodimer binds the RPA complex and is then recruited to single-stranded DNA. Interacts with CINP (By similarity). Interacts with ATR.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by ATR.
messages: Required for checkpoint signaling after DNA damage. Required for ATR expression, possibly by stabilizing the protein (By similarity).
messages: The EEXXXDDL motif is required for the interaction with catalytic subunit PRKDC and its recruitment to sites of DNA damage.

10090:Abcc5
gene id: 10090:Abcc5
uniprot id: Q9R1X5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes physiological compounds, and xenobiotics from cells. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of endogenous metabolites like cyclic nucleotides, such as cAMP and cGMP, folic acid and N-lactoyl-amino acids (in vitro) (By similarity) (PubMed:17229149). Acts also as a general glutamate conjugate and analog transporter that can limit the brain levels of endogenous metabolites, drugs, and toxins (PubMed:26515061). Confers resistance to the antiviral agent PMEA (By similarity). Able to transport several anticancer drugs including methotrexate, and nucleotide analogs in vitro, however it does with low affinity (By similarity). Acts as a heme transporter required for the translocation of cytosolic heme to the secretory pathway (PubMed:24836561). May play a role in energy metabolism by regulating the glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion from enteroendocrine cells (PubMed:31338999).
messages: Although other labs have confirmed the ability of ABCC5 to transport cGMP in an ATP-dependent manner, they obtained a much lower affinity for this substrate (By similarity) (PubMed:17229149). The authors conclude that ABCC5 is a low-affinity cyclic nucleotide transporter and a major function in cGMP excretion is unlikely (By similarity) (PubMed:17229149).
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCC family. Conjugate transporter (TC 3.A.1.208) subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Detected in brain endothelial cells.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus lumen
messages: Mrp5 knockout mice are viable with no overt phenotypes, deficient mice accumulate endogenous glutamate conjugates in several tissues, including the inhibitory neuropeptides N-acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG) and N-acetylaspartyldiglutamate (NAAG2), but brain in particular (PubMed:26515061). Abcc5-/- mice show lower white and brown adipose tissue and increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) release from enteroendocrine cells of the small intestine, and are more insulin sensitive (PubMed:31338999).

10090:Nsmce3
gene id: 10090:Nsmce3
uniprot id: Q9CPR8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex which consists at least of SMC5, SMC6, NSMCE2, NSMCE1, NSMCE4A or EID3 and NSMCE3. NSMCE1, NSMCE4A or EID3 and NSMCE3 probably form a subcomplex that bridges the head domains of the SMC5:SMC6 heterodimer. Interacts with PJA1 (By similarity). Interacts with E2F1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:14593116). Interacts with NGFR (via C-terminus) (PubMed:14593116). Interacts with NSMCE1. Interacts with NSMCE4. Interacts with SMC6. Interacts with EID3 (By similarity).
messages: Component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex, a complex involved in repair of DNA double-strand breaks by homologous recombination. The complex may promote sister chromatid homologous recombination by recruiting the SMC1-SMC3 cohesin complex to double-strand breaks. The complex is required for telomere maintenance via recombination in ALT (alternative lengthening of telomeres) cell lines and mediates sumoylation of shelterin complex (telosome) components which is proposed to lead to shelterin complex disassembly in ALT-associated PML bodies (APBs). In vitro enhances ubiquitin ligase activity of NSMCE1. Proposed to act through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex (By similarity). May be a growth suppressor that facilitates the entry of the cell into cell cycle arrest (PubMed:14593116).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: telomere

10090:Lef1
gene id: 10090:Lef1
uniprot id: D3Z654
uniprot id: P27782
uniprot id: Q3TYB0
uniprot id: Q8BGZ9
uniprot id: Q8C402
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TCF/LEF family.
messages: Binds the armadillo repeat of CTNNB1 and forms a stable complex. Binds TLE1, ALYREF/THOC4, MDFI and MDFIC (By similarity). Interacts with NLK (By similarity). Interacts with EP300 and PIASG. Interacts with DAZAP2 (PubMed:19304756).
messages: Detected throughout the basal layer, in ectodermal placodes and the underlying dermal condensates in embryonic skin, and in epithelium and mesenchyme from early hair germs. At birth expression decreases in the basal level of the epidermis and increases in hair bulbs, in particular in matrix and precortex. At day 6-9 expression is concentrated in follicle bulbs and in the hair shaft in a concentric ring of hair-keratin-expressing cells derived from the precortex. Detected in dermal papilla throughout the hair cycle, and in a subset of cells emanating from the bulge to form the secondary hair germ.
messages: Expressed in Vgamma1.1 and Vgamma2 gamma-delta T-cells, however not expressed in gamma-delta thymocytes fated for Il17a expression (at protein level) (PubMed:17218525, PubMed:23562159). Expressed in alpha-beta T-cell lineages (PubMed:17218525). Expressed in the thymus (PubMed:1827423). Found in distinct epithelial cell compartments of the skin and is abundant in the hair-producing progenitors of the follicle (PubMed:10498690).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-153 and/or Ser-164 by NLK. Phosphorylation by NLK at these sites represses LEF1-mediated transcriptional activation of target genes of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Proline-rich and acidic regions are implicated in the activation functions of RNA polymerase II transcription factors.
messages: Transcription factor that binds DNA in a sequence-specific manner (By similarity). Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:11445543). Activates transcription of target genes in the presence of CTNNB1 and EP300 (PubMed:12446687). PIASG antagonizes both Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent activation by LEF1 (PubMed:11731474). TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by LEF1 and CTNNB1 (By similarity). Regulates T-cell receptor alpha enhancer function (By similarity). Required for IL17A expressing gamma-delta T-cell maturation and development, via binding to regulator loci of BLK to modulate expression (PubMed:23562159). May play a role in hair cell differentiation and follicle morphogenesis (PubMed:11445543).

10090:Upf2
gene id: 10090:Upf2
uniprot id: A2AT37
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a post-splicing messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complex (By similarity). Associates with the exon junction complex (EJC) (By similarity). Interacts with SMG1, EST1A, UPF3A, UPF3B, EIF4A1 and EIF1 (By similarity). Interacts with UPF1; interaction is promoted by TDRD6 (PubMed:27149095). Interacts with DDX4 (PubMed:27149095).
messages: Involved in nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) of mRNAs containing premature stop codons by associating with the nuclear exon junction complex (EJC). Recruited by UPF3B associated with the EJC core at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope and the subsequent formation of an UPF1-UPF2-UPF3 surveillance complex (including UPF1 bound to release factors at the stalled ribosome) is believed to activate NMD. In cooperation with UPF3B stimulates both ATPase and RNA helicase activities of UPF1. Binds spliced mRNA.
messages: Knockout adult liver results in hepatosteatosis and disruption of liver homeostasis.
messages: Localized in male germ cells.
messages: Weakly expressed in neonatal testes and expression increases during the development of spermatocytes and spermatids, in the late meiotic and postmeiotic stages of spermatogenesis.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:H1f5
gene id: 10090:H1f5
uniprot id: P43276
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-54 (H1R54ci) by PADI4 takes place within the DNA-binding site of H1 and results in its displacement from chromatin and global chromatin decondensation, thereby promoting pluripotency and stem cell maintenance.
messages: H1 histones are progressively phosphorylated during the cell cycle, becoming maximally phosphorylated during late G2 phase and M phase, and being dephosphorylated sharply thereafter.
messages: Histone H1 protein binds to linker DNA between nucleosomes forming the macromolecular structure known as the chromatin fiber. Histones H1 are necessary for the condensation of nucleosome chains into higher-order structured fibers. Acts also as a regulator of individual gene transcription through chromatin remodeling, nucleosome spacing and DNA methylation (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain is required for high-affinity binding to chromatin.

10090:Dlx6
gene id: 10090:Dlx6
uniprot id: P70397
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the distal-less homeobox family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rgs16
gene id: 10090:Rgs16
uniprot id: P97428
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with GNAI1 and GNAQ (By similarity). Interacts with GNAI3, GNAI3 and GNAO1 (PubMed:9079700, PubMed:18434540).
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated on Cys-2 and/or Cys-12.
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Tyr-167 by EGFR enhances GTPase accelerating (GAP) activity toward GNAI1.
messages: Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades (PubMed:9079700). Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form (PubMed:10373502). Plays an important role in the phototransduction cascade by regulating the lifetime and effective concentration of activated transducin alpha (PubMed:8917514). May regulate extra and intracellular mitogenic signals.
messages: Retinal; also predominantly expressed in the liver and pituitary.

10090:Gm5724
gene id: 10090:Gm5724
uniprot id: L7N264
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the organo anion transporter (TC 2.A.60) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pdcl
gene id: 10090:Pdcl
uniprot id: Q9DBX2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the phosducin family.
messages: Conditional deletion in photoreceptor cells leads to 50-fold decrease in Gbeta-Ggamma dimer formation and more than 10-fold decrease in light sensitivity. A 20-fold reduction in Gbeta5 and RGS9-1 expression is also observed, causing a 15-fold delay in the shutoff of light responses.
messages: Forms a complex with the beta and gamma subunits of the GTP-binding protein, transducin. Interacts with the CCT chaperonin complex (By similarity).
messages: Functions as a co-chaperone for CCT in the assembly of heterotrimeric G protein complexes, facilitates the assembly of both Gbeta-Ggamma and RGS-Gbeta5 heterodimers (PubMed:23637185). Acts also as a positive regulator of hedgehog signaling and regulates ciliary function (PubMed:29290584).
messages: cilium

10090:Isoc2b
gene id: 10090:Isoc2b
uniprot id: Q9DCC7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the isochorismatase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CDKN2A.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous. Expressed predominantly in uterus, stomach and urinary tract.

10090:Ppp1ca
gene id: 10090:Ppp1ca
uniprot id: P62137
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 Fe cation per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: PP1 comprises a catalytic subunit, PPP1CA, PPP1CB or PPP1CC, which is folded into its native form by inhibitor 2 and glycogen synthetase kinase 3, and then complexed to one or several targeting or regulatory subunits. PPP1R12A, PPP1R12B and PPP1R12C mediate binding to myosin. PPP1R3A (in skeletal muscle), PPP1R3B (in liver), PPP1R3C, PPP1R3D and PPP1R3F (in brain) mediate binding to glycogen. Interacts with PPP1R9A, PPP1R9B and PPP1R7. Interacts with PPP1R15A; the interaction mediates binding to EIF2S1. Interacts with YLPM1. Forms a complex with ILF2, ILF3, YLPM1, KHDRBS1, RBMX and NCOA5. Interacts with NOM1 and PPP1R8. Interacts with PPP1R16B. Interacts. with RPSA only in the presence of PPP1R16B. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, composed of PPP1R10/PNUTS, TOX4, WDR82, and PPP1CA or PPP1CB or PPP1CC. Interacts with PPP1R10/PNUTS and PPP1R8. Interacts with WDR82 in the presence of PPP1R10/PNUTS. Interacts with PPP1R39. Interacts with TRIM28; the interaction dephosphorylates TRIM28 on 'Ser-824' and forms a complex at the p21 promoter site (By similarity). Interacts with PPP1R15B; the interaction mediates binding to EIF2S1. Part of a complex containing PPP1R15B, PP1 and NCK1/2. Interacts with NEK2. Interacts with FER; this promotes phosphorylation at Thr-320 (By similarity). Interacts with PHACTR4; which acts as an activator of PP1 activity. Interacts with BTBD10 (PubMed:18160256). Interacts with KCTD20 (PubMed:24156551). Interacts with FOXP3 (By similarity). Interacts with CENPA (By similarity). Interacts with ATG16L1 (By similarity). Found in a complex with PPP1CA, PPP1CC, SHC1 and PEAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with tensin TNS1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated. Dephosphorylated at Thr-320 in the presence of ionizing radiation (By similarity).
messages: Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. Regulates NEK2 function in terms of kinase activity and centrosome number and splitting, both in the presence and absence of radiation-induced DNA damage. Regulator of neural tube and optic fissure closure, and enteric neural crest cell (ENCCs) migration during development. In balance with CSNK1D and CSNK1E, determines the circadian period length, through the regulation of the speed and rhythmicity of PER1 and PER2 phosphorylation. May dephosphorylate CSNK1D and CSNK1E. Dephosphorylates CENPA (By similarity). Dephosphorylates the 'Ser-139' residue of ATG16L1 causing dissociation of ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex, thereby inhibiting autophagy (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Tctn1
gene id: 10090:Tctn1
uniprot id: Q8BZ64
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tectonic family.
messages: Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Regulator of Hedgehog (Hh), required for both activation and inhibition of the Hh pathway in the patterning of the neural tube. During neural tube development, it is required for formation of the most ventral cell types and for full Hh pathway activation. Functions in Hh signal transduction to fully activate the pathway in the presence of high Hh levels and to repress the pathway in the absence of Hh signals. Modulates Hh signal transduction downstream of SMO and RAB23.
messages: During embryonic development, it is expressed in regions that participate in Hedgehog signaling. First expressed during gastrulation stages in the ventral node. At 9.5 dpc, expressed in the gut endoderm, limb buds, notochord, somites, neural tube and floorplate.
messages: Null animals show disruption of nodal flow, laterality defects, and neural tube dorsalization. Basal bodies dock to the cellular plasma membrane, but fail to extend axonemes. However, cilia are present in the notochord, early gut epithelium, and mesenchymal cells surrounding the neural tube and in the limb bud. Null embryos develop an extra preaxial digit on 1 or both hindlimbs. Although sonic hedgehog (Shh) expression is normal, downstream signaling is disturbed, suggesting that Tctn1 is required for cilium-dependent Shh signal transduction.
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex).
messages: Secreted
messages: Was named 'Tectonic' after the Greek word for builder.
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Fosl1
gene id: 10090:Fosl1
uniprot id: P48755
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Fos subfamily.
messages: Heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with the BAF multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complex subunits SMARCB1 and SMARCD1 (PubMed:29272704). Interacts with ARID1A and JUN (PubMed:29272704).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Upk1a
gene id: 10090:Upk1a
uniprot id: A2RSB9
uniprot id: Q9D132
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: Component of the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM); a highly specialized biomembrane elaborated by terminally differentiated urothelial cells. May play an important role in normal bladder epithelial physiology, possibly in regulating membrane permeability of superficial umbrella cells or in stabilizing the apical membrane through AUM/cytoskeletal interactions (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with uroplakin-2 (UPK2) (By similarity). Binds to uropathogenic E.coli fimH.
messages: Membrane

10090:Kcnk10
gene id: 10090:Kcnk10
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VJZ9
uniprot id: F6YU65
uniprot id: Q3LS20
uniprot id: Q8BUW1
uniprot id: Q8BZB0
uniprot id: Q9CX88
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the two pore domain potassium channel (TC 1.A.1.8) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Stag1
gene id: 10090:Stag1
uniprot id: F8WHU7
uniprot id: Q9D3E6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SCC3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cohesin complexes are composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein (STAG1, STAG2 or STAG3). In cohesin complexes, STAG1 is mutually exclusive with STAG2 and STAG3. Interacts directly with RAD21 in cohesin complex. The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4. NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (By similarity).
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate.
messages: Component of cohesin complex, a complex required for the cohesion of sister chromatids after DNA replication. The cohesin complex apparently forms a large proteinaceous ring within which sister chromatids can be trapped. At anaphase, the complex is cleaved and dissociates from chromatin, allowing sister chromatids to segregate. The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the cohesin complex which is composed of a heterodimer between a SMC1 protein (SMC1A or SMC1B) and SMC3, which are attached via their hinge domain, and RAD21 which link them at their heads, and one STAG protein.
messages: Phosphorylated by PLK1. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase is partly due to its phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Probable exon deletions within the cDNA.
messages: centromere

10090:Ibsp
gene id: 10090:Ibsp
uniprot id: Q61711
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binds tightly to hydroxyapatite. Appears to form an integral part of the mineralized matrix. Probably important to cell-matrix interaction. Promotes Arg-Gly-Asp-dependent cell attachment (By similarity).
messages: It is possible that the segments of clustered carboxyl groups mediate the strong binding to hydroxyapatite.
messages: N-glycosylated; glycans consist of sialylated and core-fucosylated bi-, tri- and tetraantennary chains.
messages: Secreted
messages: Sulfated on either Tyr-320 or Tyr-321.

10090:Crip3
gene id: 10090:Crip3
uniprot id: Q6Q6R3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed specifically by the thymus.

10090:Suv39h1
gene id: 10090:Suv39h1
uniprot id: A2AC19
uniprot id: O54864
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Lys-266, leading to inhibition of enzyme activity. SIRT1-mediated deacetylation relieves this inhibition (By similarity).
messages: Although the SET domain contains the active site of enzymatic activity, both pre-SET and post-SET domains are required for methyltransferase activity. The SET domain also participates in stable binding to heterochromatin.
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. Suvar3-9 subfamily.
messages: Expression present throughout embryogenesis. Higher expression between 9.5 dpc and 13 dpc.
messages: Histone methyltransferase that specifically trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 using monomethylated H3 'Lys-9' as substrate. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 (CBX1, CBX3 and/or CBX5) proteins to methylated histones. Mainly functions in heterochromatin regions, thereby playing a central role in the establishment of constitutive heterochromatin at pericentric and telomere regions. H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation is also required to direct DNA methylation at pericentric repeats. SUV39H1 is targeted to histone H3 via its interaction with RB1 and is involved in many processes, such as repression of MYOD1-stimulated differentiation, regulation of the control switch for exiting the cell cycle and entering differentiation, repression by the PML-RARA fusion protein, BMP-induced repression, repression of switch recombination to IgA and regulation of telomere length. Component of the eNoSC (energy-dependent nucleolar silencing) complex, a complex that mediates silencing of rDNA in response to intracellular energy status and acts by recruiting histone-modifying enzymes. The eNoSC complex is able to sense the energy status of cell: upon glucose starvation, elevation of NAD(+)/NADP(+) ratio activates SIRT1, leading to histone H3 deacetylation followed by dimethylation of H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me2) by SUV39H1 and the formation of silent chromatin in the rDNA locus. Recruited by the PER complex to the E-box elements of the circadian target genes such as PER2 itself or PER1, contributes to the conversion of local chromatin to a heterochromatin-like repressive state through H3 'Lys-9' trimethylation.
messages: In the pre-SET domain, Cys residues bind 3 zinc ions that are arranged in a triangular cluster; some of these Cys residues contribute to the binding of two zinc ions within the cluster.
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Interacts with CCAR2 and GFI1B. Component of the eNoSC complex, composed of SIRT1, SUV39H1 and RRP8 (By similarity). Interacts with H3 and H4 histones. Interacts with DNMT3B, CBX1, CBX4, MBD1, RUNX1, RUNX3, MYOD1, SMAD5 and RB1. Interacts with SBF1 through the SET domain. Interacts with HDAC1 and HDAC2 through the N-terminus and associates with the core histone deacetylase complex composed of HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4 and RBBP7. Interacts (via SET domain) with MECOM; enhances MECOM transcriptional repression activity. Interacts with LMNA; the interaction increases stability of SUV39H1. The large PER complex involved in the histone methylation is composed of at least PER2, CBX3, TRIM28, SUV39H1 and/or SUV39H2; CBX3 mediates the formation of the complex.
messages: Mice lacking Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 display severely impaired viability and chromosomal instabilities that are associated with an increased tumor risk and perturbed chromosome interactions during male meiosis. They also show a higher level of histone H3 with phosphorylated 'Ser-10' and a reduced number of cells in G1 phase and an increased portion of cells with aberrant nuclear morphologies.
messages: Negatively regulated by CCAR2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus lamina
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues, and to a lesser degree, on threonine residues.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: centromere
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Crybb3
gene id: 10090:Crybb3
uniprot id: Q9JJU9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.
messages: Crystallins are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens.
messages: Has a two-domain beta-structure, folded into four very similar Greek key motifs.
messages: Homo/heterodimer, or complexes of higher-order. The structure of beta-crystallin oligomers seems to be stabilized through interactions between the N-terminal arms (By similarity).

10090:Pla2g4e
gene id: 10090:Pla2g4e
uniprot id: Q50L42
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-dependent N-acyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of N-acyl ethanolamines (NAEs) in the brain (PubMed:27399000). Transfers the sn-1 fatty acyl chain of phosphatidylcholine (fatty acyl donor) to the amine group of phosphatidylethanolamine (fatty acyl acceptor) to generate N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE). Similarly can use plasmenylethanolamine as a fatty acyl acceptor to form N-acyl plasmenylethanolamine (N-Acyl-PlsEt). Both NAPE and N-Acyl-PlsEt can serve as precursors of bioactive NAEs like N-arachidonoyl phosphatidylethanolamine also called anandamide (PubMed:27399000, PubMed:29447909). Has weak phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase activities (PubMed:27399000, PubMed:15866882). Regulates intracellular membrane trafficking that requires modulation of membrane curvature as it occurs by enrichment in lysophospholipids. Promotes tubule formation involved in clathrin-independent endocytotic trafficking and cargo recycling (PubMed:24413173).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Predominantly expressed in brain, heart, skeletal muscle, testis and thyroid (PubMed:15866882, PubMed:27399000). Expressed in neurons but not astrocytes or microglia (PubMed:27399000). Expressed at lower level in stomach (PubMed:15866882).
messages: Stimulated by cytosolic Ca(2+) (PubMed:27399000, PubMed:29447909). Stimulated by anionic phospholipids such as phosphatidylserine (PubMed:29447909).
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain associates with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. It modulates enzyme activity by presenting the active site to its substrate in response to elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+) (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr639
gene id: 10090:Olfr639
uniprot id: Q8VGY8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp280b
gene id: 10090:Zfp280b
uniprot id: Q505F4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:5430402E10Rik
gene id: 10090:5430402E10Rik
uniprot id: Q9D3N5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Olfr16
gene id: 10090:Olfr16
uniprot id: Q62007
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the olfactory epithelium as well as in the testis (PubMed:8619840). Expressed in round spermatids during stages VI-VIII of spermatogenesis (PubMed:15522887).
messages: Olfactory receptor. Activated by the synthetic floral odorant, lyral, and by alpha-cedrene, a sesquiterpene constituent of cedarwood oil (PubMed:25791473, PubMed:28842679, PubMed:10097159). Its activation increases intracellular Ca(2+) (PubMed:25791473, PubMed:28842679, PubMed:10097159, PubMed:15522887). Acts as a key regulator of myogenesis through its actions on cell migration and adhesion by activating the Ca(2+)-dependent AKT signal transduction pathway (PubMed:19922870). Acts also as a regulator of angiogenesis (PubMed:25791473). Moreover, plays a role in the regulation of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes via the cAMP-PKA pathway (PubMed:28842679). Involved in sperm chemotaxis and motility (PubMed:15522887).
messages: The human olfactory receptor 10J5 (OR10J5) is the ortholog of mouse olfr16.
messages: Up-regulated during myogenesis in vitro and muscle regeneration in vivo.

10090:Rhpn1
gene id: 10090:Rhpn1
uniprot id: E9Q7Q7
uniprot id: Q61085
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RHPN family.
messages: Binds specifically to GTP-Rho. Interacts with ROPN1.
messages: Has no enzymatic activity. May serve as a target for Rho, and interact with some cytoskeletal component upon Rho binding or relay a Rho signal to other molecules.
messages: Highly expressed in testis.
messages: The PDZ domain mediates interaction with ROPN1.

10090:Mmp13
gene id: 10090:Mmp13
uniprot id: P33435
uniprot id: Q3U9V5
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Can bind about 5 Ca(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Detected in epidermal cells and stromal fibroblasts in wounded skin, but not in normal skin (at protein level). Detected in embryonic hypertrophic chondrocytes and newly recruited bone cells at primary ossification centers. After adult bone fracture, detected in periosteum and in chondrocytes in the cartilage. Detected in immature and mature osteoblasts in the fracture callus. Detected in calvaria from neonates. Detected in wounded skin, but not in normal skin.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are fertile and have a normal life span. Mutant embryos show a delay in the development of the primary ossification centers. Besides, they display an increased length of the growth plates of the long bones from the hind limbs (PubMed:15563592). Three week old mutant mice display an increased trabecular bone volume due to an increase in the length of the hypertrophic chondrocyte zone of the growth plate. This phenotype persists during several months (PubMed:15563592 and PubMed:15539485), but one year old mutant mice display no longer any difference relative to wild-type (PubMed:15539485). After bone fractures, mutant mice show delays in carticage remodeling and resorption, as well as an increased volume of spongy bone mass. In addition, mutant mice show delayed healing of cutaneous wounds that is most evident three to seven days after wounding. The delay in wound healing and in re-epithelialization is exacerbated in mice lacking both Mmp13 and Mmp9.
messages: Plays a role in the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins including fibrillar collagen, fibronectin, TNC and ACAN. Cleaves triple helical collagens, including type I, type II and type III collagen, but has the highest activity with soluble type II collagen. Can also degrade collagen type IV, type XIV and type X. May also function by activating or degrading key regulatory proteins, such as TGFB1 and CCN2. Plays a role in wound healing, tissue remodeling, cartilage degradation, bone development, bone mineralization and ossification. Required for normal embryonic bone development and ossification. Plays a role in the healing of bone fractures via endochondral ossification. Plays a role in wound healing, probably by a mechanism that involves proteolytic activation of TGFB1 and degradation of CCN2. Plays a role in keratinocyte migration during wound healing. May play a role in cell migration and in tumor cell invasion.
messages: Secreted
messages: The C-terminal region binds to collagen.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme (By similarity).
messages: The proenzyme is activated by removal of the propeptide; this cleavage can be effected by other matrix metalloproteinases, such as MMP2, MMP3 and MMP14 and may involve several cleavage steps. Cleavage can also be autocatalytic, after partial maturation by another protease or after treatment with 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA) (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated by PKDCC/VLK.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Frs2
gene id: 10090:Frs2
uniprot id: Q8C180
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that links activated FGR and NGF receptors to downstream signaling pathways. Plays an important role in the activation of MAP kinases and in the phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, in response to ligand-mediated activation of FGFR1. Modulates signaling via SHC1 by competing for a common binding site on NTRK1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Part of a complex containing FRS2, GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1. Part of a complex containing GRB2 and CBL. Binds ALK, CKS2, FGFR1, RET, MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and SRC. The tyrosine-phosphorylated protein binds the SH2 domains of GRB2 and PTPN11. Interacts with NTRK1, NTRK2 and NTRK3 (phosphorylated upon ligand-binding) (By similarity). Identified in a complex containing FGFR4, NCAM1, CDH2, PLCG1, FRS2, SRC, SHC1, GAP43 and CTTN.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon stimulation by FGF2 or NGFB. Phosphorylated by ULK2 (in vitro). Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by activated ALK and FGFR1. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues upon activation of FGFR2 and FGFR3. Phosphorylated on threonine residues by MAP kinases; this inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation, and thereby down-regulates FRS2-mediated activation of MAP kinases.
messages: Ubiquitinated when tyrosine phosphorylated and in a complex with GRB2. The unphosphorylated form is not subject to ubiquitination.
messages: Ubiquitous. Expression is highest in brain, kidney, lung and testis.

10090:Sacm1l
gene id: 10090:Sacm1l
uniprot id: Q9EP69
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in brain, lung, liver and kidney, and at lower levels in spleen and skeletal muscle.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with SEC23A and SEC24A; this interaction is reduced in the absence of TMEM39A (By similarity). Interacts with PLEKHA3 and VAPA and/or VAPB to form a ternary complex (By similarity).
messages: Phosphoinositide phosphatase which catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P), phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and has low activity towards phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2) (By similarity). Shows a very robust PtdIns(4)P phosphatase activity when it binds PtdIns(4)P in a 'cis' configuration in the cellular environment, with much less activity seen when it binds PtdIns(4)P in 'trans' configuration (By similarity). PtdIns(4)P phosphatase activity (when it binds PtdIns(4)P in 'trans' configuration) is enhanced in the presence of PLEKHA3 (By similarity).

10090:Traf3ip1
gene id: 10090:Traf3ip1
uniprot id: Q149C2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAF3IP1 family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Homozygous mutant mice are not viable and have neural development defects, abnormal neural tube patterning, polydactyly, cardiac edema, and variable microphthalmia. Mutant cells have a marked reduction in the number of cilia.
messages: Interacts with IL13RA1. Binds to microtubules, TRAF3 and DISC1 (By similarity). Component of the IFT complex B, at least composed of IFT20, IFT22, HSPB11/IFT25, IFT27, IFT46, IFT52, TRAF3IP1/IFT54, IFT57, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, and IFT88. Interacts with IFT88. Interacts with MAP4 (PubMed:26487268).
messages: Plays an inhibitory role on IL13 signaling by binding to IL13RA1. Involved in suppression of IL13-induced STAT6 phosphorylation, transcriptional activity and DNA-binding. Recruits TRAF3 and DISC1 to the microtubules (By similarity). Involved in epithelial morphogenesis and in the regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization. Is a negative regulator of microtubule stability, acting through the control of MAP4 levels (PubMed:26487268). Involved in ciliogenesis (PubMed:21945076).
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Oat
gene id: 10090:Oat
uniprot id: P29758
uniprot id: Q3TG75
uniprot id: Q3UKT3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-III pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible interconversion of L-ornithine and 2-oxoglutarate to L-glutamate semialdehyde and L-glutamate.
messages: Homohexamer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Rmc1
gene id: 10090:Rmc1
uniprot id: Q8VC42
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RMC1 family.
messages: Componement of the CCZ1-MON1 RAB7A guanine exchange factor (GEF). Acts as a positive regulator of CCZ1-MON1A/B function necessary for endosomal/autophagic flux and efficient RAB7A localization.
messages: Found in a complex with RMC1, CCZ1, MON1A and MON1B.
messages: Highly expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Fadd
gene id: 10090:Fadd
uniprot id: Q61160
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptotic adaptor molecule that recruits caspase-8 or caspase-10 to the activated Fas (CD95) or TNFR-1 receptors. The resulting aggregate called the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation. Active caspase-8 initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases mediating apoptosis. Involved in interferon-mediated antiviral immune response, playing a role in the positive regulation of interferon signaling.
messages: Can self-associate (By similarity). Interacts with CFLAR, PEA15 and MBD4 (By similarity). When phosphorylated, part of a complex containing HIPK3 and FAS (By similarity). May interact with MAVS/IPS1 (By similarity). Interacts with MOCV v-CFLAR protein and PIDD1 (By similarity). Interacts (via death domain) with FAS (via death domain) (By similarity). Interacts with CASP8 (PubMed:29440439). Interacts directly (via DED domain) with NOL3 (via CARD domain); inhibits death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) assembly by inhibiting the increase in FAS-FADD binding induced by FAS activation (PubMed:15383280). Interacts with RIPK1, TRADD and CASP8 (PubMed:28842570, PubMed:29440439, PubMed:30185824, PubMed:31519887). Component of the AIM2 PANoptosome complex, a multiprotein complex that drives inflammatory cell death (PANoptosis) (PubMed:34471287). Interacts with stimulated TNFRSF10B (By similarity).
messages: Contains a death domain involved in the binding of the corresponding domain within Fas receptor.
messages: The interaction between the FAS and FADD death domains is crucial for the formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC).

10090:Sptssa
gene id: 10090:Sptssa
uniprot id: Q8R207
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPTSS family. SPTSSA subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with SPTLC1; the interaction is direct. Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex, composed of SPTLC1, either SPTLC2 or SPTLC3, and either SPTSSA or SPTSSB. Interacts with MBOAT7; the interaction facilitates MBOAT7 location to mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs).
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-4 is the initiator.
messages: Stimulates the activity of serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. Plays a role in MBOAT7 location to mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), may me involved in fatty acid remodeling phosphatidylinositol (PI).

10090:Ndufa1
gene id: 10090:Ndufa1
uniprot id: O35683
uniprot id: Q545K0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA1 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Shprh
gene id: 10090:Shprh
uniprot id: Q7TPQ3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Broadly expressed (at protein level).
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in DNA repair. Upon genotoxic stress, accepts ubiquitin from the UBE2N-UBE2V2 E2 complex and transfers it to 'Lys-164' of PCNA which had been monoubiquitinated by UBE2A/B-RAD18, promoting the formation of non-canonical poly-ubiquitin chains linked through 'Lys-63'.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with HLTF, PCNA, UBE2N and RAD18.
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: The RING finger mediates E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.

10090:Ube2a
gene id: 10090:Ube2a
uniprot id: Q3UCS1
uniprot id: Q9Z255
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. In association with the E3 enzyme BRE1 (RNF20 and/or RNF40), it plays a role in transcription regulation by catalyzing the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys-120' to form H2BK120ub1. H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, elongation by RNA polymerase II, telomeric silencing, and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11', as well as 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination. Required for postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Interacts with RAD18 and WAC (By similarity). Interacts with RFPL4A and CCNB1 (PubMed:12525704).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-120 by CDK9 increases activity towards histone H2B.

10090:Mrps16
gene id: 10090:Mrps16
uniprot id: Q9CPX7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bacterial ribosomal protein bS16 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:R3hcc1l
gene id: 10090:R3hcc1l
uniprot id: Q8BJM3
names: Subunit
messages: May interact with the exon junction complex (EJC) composed at least of CASC3, EIF4A3, MAGOH and RBM8A.

10090:Bod1l
gene id: 10090:Bod1l
uniprot id: E9Q6J5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BOD1 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the fork protection machinery required to protect stalled/damaged replication forks from uncontrolled DNA2-dependent resection. Acts by stabilizing RAD51 at stalled replication forks and protecting RAD51 nucleofilaments from the antirecombinogenic activities of FBH1 and BLM. Does not regulate spindle orientation.
messages: Interacts (via COMPASS-Shg1 domain) with SETD1A at stalled replication forks; this interaction mediates FANCD2-dependent nucleosome remodeling at reversed forks protecting them from nucleolytic degradation.

10090:Cdadc1
gene id: 10090:Cdadc1
uniprot id: G3UW39
uniprot id: Q8BMD5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family.
messages: Catalyzes the deamination of cytidine and deoxycytidine into uridine and deoxyuridine, respectively. May play an important role in testicular development and spermatogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:1700094D03Rik
gene id: 10090:1700094D03Rik
uniprot id: Q9D9D9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Il5
gene id: 10090:Il5
uniprot id: P04401
uniprot id: Q5SV01
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IL-5 family.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with IL5RA (PubMed:1873482). Interacts with CSF2RB.
messages: Homodimeric cytokine expressed predominantly by T-lymphocytes and NK cells that plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, and chemotaxis of eosinophils (PubMed:10444455,PubMed:1873482). Acts also on activated and resting B-cells to induce immunoglobulin production, growth, and differentiation (PubMed:3128631). Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL5RA subunit and the cytokine receptor common subunit beta/CSF2RB. Binding to the receptor leads to activation of various kinases including LYN, SYK and JAK2 and thereby propagates signals through the RAS-MAPK and JAK-STAT5 pathways respectively (By similarity).
messages: Homodimeric cytokine expressed predominantly by T-lymphocytes and NK cells that plays an important role in the survival, differentiation, and chemotaxis of eosinophils. Acts also on activated and resting B-cells to induce immunoglobulin production, growth, and differentiation. Mechanistically, exerts its biological effects through a receptor composed of IL5RA subunit and the cytokine receptor common subunit beta/CSF2RB. Binding to the receptor leads to activation of various kinases including LYN, SYK and JAK2 and thereby propagates signals through the RAS-MAPK and JAK-STAT5 pathways respectively.
messages: In IL-5 deletion mice, the intestinal eosinophilia that developed in WT mice during T. spiralis infection was completely abolished, revealing the importance of IL5 for the increased production and recruitment of eosinophils to the gut during infection.
messages: Secreted

10090:Arf4
gene id: 10090:Arf4
uniprot id: P61750
uniprot id: Q14BR4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: GTP-binding protein involved in protein trafficking; modulates vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
messages: GTP-binding protein that functions as an allosteric activator of the cholera toxin catalytic subunit, an ADP-ribosyltransferase. Involved in protein trafficking; may modulate vesicle budding and uncoating within the Golgi apparatus.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Membrane

10090:Ddx43
gene id: 10090:Ddx43
uniprot id: D3Z6P9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.

10090:Ppp1r12b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r12b
uniprot id: A6H644
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: PP1 comprises a catalytic subunit, and one or several targeting or regulatory subunits.
messages: stress fiber

10090:Nf2
gene id: 10090:Nf2
uniprot id: P46662
uniprot id: Q3TIW4
uniprot id: Q9D3K3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Interacts with SLC9A3R1, HGS and AGAP2. Interacts with SGSM3. Interacts (via FERM domain) with MPP1 (By similarity). Interacts with LAYN (PubMed:15913605). Interacts with WWC1. Interacts with the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. The unphosphorylated form interacts (via FERM domain) with VPRBP/DCAF1. Interacts (via FERM domain) with NOP53; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with SCHIP1; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are born with abnormally small lenses with serious structural defects. Failure of lens vesicle separation and the resulting changes in cell organization causes lenses to herniate, leading to expulsion of lens fiber cells through a perforation in the cornea. Developing lenses show loss of cell apical-basal polarity, failure of the lens vesicle to separate from the surface ectoderm, failure to properly exit the cell cycle during fiber cell differentiation and incomplete terminal differentiation of fiber cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-518 inhibits nuclear localization by disrupting the intramolecular association of the FERM domain with the C-terminal tail. The dephosphorylation of Ser-518 favors the interaction with NOP53.
messages: Probable regulator of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway, a signaling pathway that plays a pivotal role in tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. Along with WWC1 can synergistically induce the phosphorylation of LATS1 and LATS2 and can probably function in the regulation of the Hippo/SWH (Sav/Wts/Hpo) signaling pathway. May act as a membrane stabilizing protein. May inhibit PI3 kinase by binding to AGAP2 and impairing its stimulating activity. Suppresses cell proliferation and tumorigenesis by inhibiting the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-VprBP/DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity). Plays a role in lens development and is required for complete fiber cell terminal differentiation, maintenance of cell polarity and separation of the lens vesicle from the corneal epithelium.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VprBP E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-dependent degradation.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Pfas
gene id: 10090:Pfas
uniprot id: Q5SUR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the FGAMS family.
messages: Phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase involved in the purines biosynthetic pathway. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide (FGAR) and glutamine to yield formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide (FGAM) and glutamate (By similarity).

10090:Dsc1
gene id: 10090:Dsc1
uniprot id: P55849
uniprot id: Q2VPA9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to JUP/plakoglobin.
messages: Calcium may be bound by the cadherin-like repeats.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms. Linked to the keratinization of epithelial tissues.
messages: desmosome

10090:Rps3a1
gene id: 10090:Rps3a1
uniprot id: P97351
uniprot id: Q564F3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ADP-ribosylated at Tyr-155 by PARP1 in presence of HPF1.
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS1 family.
messages: Component of the small ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (28S, 5.8S and 5S). Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Binds with high affinity to IPO4. Interacts with DDIT3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role during erythropoiesis through regulation of transcription factor DDIT3.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gdf11
gene id: 10090:Gdf11
uniprot id: Q9Z1W4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Deficient mice die neonatally showing altered patterning of the axial skeleton and impaired renal, palate, stomach, spleen and pancreatic development.
messages: First strongly expressed in restricted domains at 8.5 dpc where it is highest in the tail bud. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the branchial arches, limb bud, tail bud and posterior dorsal neural tube. Later, expressed in terminally-differentiated odontoblasts, the nasal epithelium, retina and specific regions of the brain.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing limb bud, initially detected in the distal mesenchyme, and later localizing to regions around the developing bones. Is also expressed in adult dental pulp and brain.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Interacts directly with ACVR2B (PubMed:16845371, PubMed:12414726). Interacts directly with ACVR2A (PubMed:12414726). Interacts with ACVR1B, TGFBR1 and ACVR1C in an ACVR2B-dependent manner (PubMed:16845371). Interacts with FST isoform 2/FS288 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted signal that acts globally to regulate anterior/posterior axial patterning during development (PubMed:10391213). May play critical roles in patterning both mesodermal and neural tissues (PubMed:10391213). It is required for proper vertebral patterning and orofacial development (By similarity). Signals through activin receptors type-2, ACVR2A and ACVR2B, and activin receptors type-1, ACVR1B, ACVR1C and TGFBR1 leading to the phosphorylation of SMAD2 and SMAD3 (PubMed:16845371, PubMed:12414726).
messages: Synthesized as large precursor molecule that undergoes proteolytic cleavage by furin-like proteases (By similarity). This produces an inactive form consisting of the mature C-terminal portion non-covalently bound to its cleaved N-terminal propeptide. Activation of the mature form requires additional cleavage of the propeptide by a tolloid-like metalloproteinase.

10090:Dapp1
gene id: 10090:Dapp1
uniprot id: Q9QXT1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PLCG2.
messages: May act as a B-cell-associated adapter that regulates B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-signaling downstream of PI3K.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues.
messages: Upon B-cell activation.

10090:Ptpn5
gene id: 10090:Ptpn5
uniprot id: P54830
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Lacks the catalytic domain.
messages: May regulate the activity of several effector molecules involved in synaptic plasticity and neuronal cell survival, including MAPKs, Src family kinases and NMDA receptors.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-221 by PKA deactivates PTPN5. Phosphorylation at Thr-231 and Ser-244 by MAPKs stabilizes the phosphatase, dephosphorylation of these sites results in ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the active phosphatase (By similarity).
messages: STEP20 is expressed only in the CNS.

10090:Apln
gene id: 10090:Apln
uniprot id: Q544B5
uniprot id: Q9R0R4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the apelin family.
messages: Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR). Drives internalization of APLNR (By similarity). Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity). Hormone involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (PubMed:10525157). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (PubMed:28890073). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (PubMed:11359874).
messages: Expressed in extraembryonic visceral endoderm and in the primitive streak at 6.5 and 7.5 dpc (PubMed:28854362). Expressed in the anterior visceral yolk sac at 8.25 dpc (PubMed:28854362). Expressed weakly in the embryonic heart at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:26611206). Expressed in the adult heart (PubMed:26611206). Expressed in endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes and weakly expressed in fibroblasts (PubMed:26611206).
messages: Mice heart of embryos show increased coronary vessel growth at 13.5 dpc and 15.5 dpc (PubMed:28890073). Double knockout mice of APELA and APLN genes exhibit the same penetrance, embryonic lethality and cardiovascular malformations as single APELA knockout mice (PubMed:28854362).
messages: Not up-regulated following myocardial infarction (MI) (at protein level) (PubMed:26611206).
messages: Secreted
messages: Several active peptides may be produced by proteolytic processing of the peptide precursor.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Gm5891
gene id: 10090:Gm5891
uniprot id: Q3UT86
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.

10090:Sun2
gene id: 10090:Sun2
uniprot id: Q8BJS4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a component of the LINC (LInker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex, involved in the connection between the nuclear lamina and the cytoskeleton. The nucleocytoplasmic interactions established by the LINC complex play an important role in the transmission of mechanical forces across the nuclear envelope and in nuclear movement and positioning. Specifically, SYNE2 and SUN2 assemble in arrays of transmembrane actin-associated nuclear (TAN) lines which are bound to F-actin cables and couple the nucleus to retrograde actin flow during actin-dependent nuclear movement. Required for interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) and essential for nucleokinesis and centrosome-nucleus coupling during radial neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex and during glial migration. Required for nuclear migration in retinal photoreceptor progenitors implicating association with cytoplasmic dynein-dynactin and kinesin motor complexes, and probably B-type lamins; SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act redundantly. The SUN1/2:KASH5 LINC complex couples telomeres to microtubules during meiosis; SUN1 and SUN2 seem to act at least partial redundantly. Anchors chromosome movement in the prophase of meiosis and is involved in selective gene expression of coding and non-coding RNAs needed for gametogenesis. Required for telomere attachment to nuclear envelope and gametogenesis. May also function on endocytic vesicles as a receptor for Rab5-GDP and participate in the activation of Rab5.
messages: Core component of the LINC complex which is composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN domain-containing proteins coupled to outer nuclear membrane KASH domain-containing nesprins. SUN and KASH domain-containing proteins seem to bind each other promiscuously; however, differentially expression of LINC complex constituents is giving rise to specific assemblies. At least SUN1/2-containing core LINC complexes are proposed to be hexameric composed of three protomers of each KASH and SUN domain-containing protein. Interacts with SYNE2; the SUN2:SYNE2/KASH2 LINC complex is a heterohexamer; the homotrimeric cloverleave-like conformation of the SUN domain is a prerequisite for LINC complex formation in which three separate SYNE2/KASH2 peptides bind at the interface of adjacent SUN domains. Component of a probable SUN2:KASH5 LINC complex. Interacts with SYNE1 and SYNE3; probably forming respective LINC complexes. Interacts with A-type lamin. Interaction with lamins B1 and C is hardly detectable. Interacts with EMD. Interacts with RAB5A. Interacts with TMEM43 and TMEM201. Interacts with IRAG2 (PubMed:29878215).
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Highly expressed in heart, placenta and muscle.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: The SUN domain may play a role in nuclear anchoring and/or migration.
messages: The disulfide bond with SYNE2 is required for stability of the SUN2:SYNE2/KASH2 LINC complex under tensile forces though not required for the interaction. The disulfide bond is proposed to be conserved in LINC complexes involved in force transmission.
messages: The proximal coiled coil domain mediates trimerization required for binding to nesprins. The distal coiled coil domain is proposed to dynamically regulate the oligomeric state by locking the SUN domain in an inactive confirmation (PubMed:26688217). The coiled coil domains are proposed to be involved in load-bearing and force transmission from the cytoskeleton (By similarity).

10090:Tas2r122
gene id: 10090:Tas2r122
uniprot id: D3YU55
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ndc80
gene id: 10090:Ndc80
uniprot id: Q9D0F1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Lys-53 and Lys-59 by KAT5 during mitosis, promoting robust kinetochore-microtubule attachment. Deacetylated by SIRT1.
messages: Acts as a component of the essential kinetochore-associated NDC80 complex, which is required for chromosome segregation and spindle checkpoint activity. Required for kinetochore integrity and the organization of stable microtubule binding sites in the outer plate of the kinetochore. The NDC80 complex synergistically enhances the affinity of the SKA1 complex for microtubules and may allow the NDC80 complex to track depolymerizing microtubules. Plays a role in chromosome congression and is essential for the end-on attachment of the kinetochores to spindle microtubules.
messages: Belongs to the NDC80/HEC1 family.
messages: Component of the NDC80 complex, which consists of NDC80/HEC1, CDCA1, SPBC24 and SPBC25. The NDC80 complex is formed by two subcomplexes composed of NDC80/HEC1-CDCA1 and SPBC24-SPBC25. Each subcomplex is formed by parallel interactions through the coiled-coil domains of individual subunits. Formation of a tetrameric complex is mediated by interactions between the C-terminal regions of both subunits of the NDC80/HEC1-CDCA1 subcomplex and the N-terminal regions of both subunits of the SPBC24-SPBC25 complex. The tetrameric NDC80 complex has an elongated rod-like structure with globular domains at either end. Interacts with NEK2 and ZWINT specifically during mitosis. Interacts with CENPH and MIS12. May interact with AURKB, PSMC2, PSMC5 and SMC1A. May interact with RB1 during G2 phase and mitosis. Interacts with CKAP5 (By similarity). Interacts with CDT1; leading to kinetochore localization of CDT1 (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in spleen, testis and thymus.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation begins in S phase of the cell cycle and peaks in mitosis. Phosphorylated by NEK2. Also phosphorylated by AURKA and AURKB.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Pate13
gene id: 10090:Pate13
uniprot id: D3YWX3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PATE family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in the epididymis, including the initial segment, caput, corpus and cauda regions. Weakly expressed in prostate.

10090:Gm20830
gene id: 10090:Gm20830
uniprot id: J3KML6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Olfr911-ps1
gene id: 10090:Olfr911-ps1
uniprot id: A0A140T8K0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rrp1
gene id: 10090:Rrp1
uniprot id: P56183
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRP1 family.
messages: Embryonic, expression starting between days 1 and 10.
messages: Interacts with C1QBP. Interacts with RRP1B.
messages: Plays a critical role in the generation of 28S rRNA.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Stac2
gene id: 10090:Stac2
uniprot id: Q8R1B0
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in cerebellum, forebrain and midbrain, and in the eye.
messages: Interacts (via SH3 domains) with CACNA1S (PubMed:29467163). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with CACNA1C (PubMed:29363593). Has much lower affinity for CACNA1C than for CACNA1S (By similarity).
messages: Plays a redundant role in promoting the expression of calcium channel CACNA1S at the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to increased channel activity (PubMed:29467163). Slows down the inactivation rate of the calcium channel CACNA1C (PubMed:25548159, PubMed:29363593).
messages: Up-regulated in cerebral ischemia.
messages: cytosol
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Hnrnpul2
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpul2
uniprot id: Q00PI9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to MLF1 and retains it in the nucleus.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ncapd3
gene id: 10090:Ncapd3
uniprot id: K4DI67
uniprot id: Q3UTU7
uniprot id: Q6ZQK0
uniprot id: Q80W41
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the condensin-2 complex, which contains the SMC2 and SMC4 heterodimer, and 3 non SMC subunits that probably regulate the complex: NCAPH2, NCAPD3 and NCAPG2.
messages: Component of the condensin-2 complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin-2 complex, a complex which establishes mitotic chromosome architecture and is involved in physical rigidity of the chromatid axis.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the condensin-2 complex, a complex which establishes mitotic chromosome architecture and is involved in physical rigidity of the chromatid axis. May promote the resolution of double-strand DNA catenanes (intertwines) between sister chromatids. Condensin-mediated compaction likely increases tension in catenated sister chromatids, providing directionality for type II topoisomerase-mediated strand exchanges toward chromatid decatenation. Specifically required for decatenation of centromeric ultrafine DNA bridges during anaphase. Early in neurogenesis, may play an essential role to ensure accurate mitotic chromosome condensation in neuron stem cells, ultimately affecting neuron pool and cortex size.

10090:Gsdmc2
gene id: 10090:Gsdmc2
uniprot id: Q2KHK6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the gasdermin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage relieves autoinhibition by releasing the N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C, N-terminal) that initiates pyroptosis.
messages: Homooligomer; homooligomeric ring-shaped pore complex containing 27-28 subunits when inserted in the membrane.
messages: Intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains are important for autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal. The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the N-terminal domain.
messages: Pore-forming protein that causes membrane permeabilization and pyroptosis (By similarity). Released upon cleavage and binds to membrane inner leaflet lipids. Homooligomerizes within the membrane and forms pores of 10-15 nanometers (nm) of inner diameter, triggering pyroptosis (By similarity). The functional mechanisms and physiological proteases that cleave and activate this pore-forming protein are unknown (By similarity).
messages: The full-length protein before cleavage is inactive: intramolecular interactions between N- and C-terminal domains mediate autoinhibition in the absence of activation signal. The intrinsic pyroptosis-inducing activity is carried by the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C2, N-terminal).
messages: This form constitutes the precursor of the pore-forming protein: upon cleavage, the released N-terminal moiety (Gasdermin-C2, N-terminal) binds to membranes and forms pores, triggering cell death.
messages: cytosol

10090:Satb1
gene id: 10090:Satb1
uniprot id: E9PVB7
uniprot id: Q60611
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CUT homeobox family.
messages: Cleaved at Asp-254 by caspase-3 and caspase-6 during T-cell apoptosis in thymus and during B-cell stimulation. The cleaved forms cannot dimerize and lose transcription regulation function because of impaired DNA and chromatin association.
messages: Expressed in the subventricular zone, rostral migratory stream and in the olfactory bulb (at protein level) (PubMed:26305964). Mainly expressed in thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes with a lower level observed in the brain (PubMed:15814699).
messages: Interacts with PCAF. Interacts with sumoylated PML and HDAC1 Tat via the ULD domain. Interacts also with DYNLT3 and POLR2J2. Binds to EP300 (By similarity). Homodimer. Part of the nuclear protein complex gamma-globin promoter and enhancer binding factor (gamma-PE) composed at least of SATB1 and HOXB2. Interaction with CtBP1 when not acetylated stabalizes attachment to DNA and promotes transcription repression. Interacts with CUX1 (via DNA-binding domains); the interaction inhibits the attachment of both proteins to DNA.
messages: Mice are small in size, have disproportionately small thymi and spleens, and die at 3 weeks of age. Multiple defects in T-cell development are observed, including interrupted thymocytes differentiation and abnormal T-cell transcriptome. RNAi-mediated knockdown in neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult subventricular zone impairs early neuronal differentiation (PubMed:26305964).
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Phosphorylated by PKC. Acetylated by PCAF. Phosphorylated form interacts with HDAC1, but unphosphorylated form interacts with PCAF. DNA binding properties are activated by phosphorylation and inactivated by acetylation. In opposition, gene expression is down-regulated by phosphorylation but up-regulated by acetylation (By similarity).
messages: Required for the switching of fetal globin species, and beta- and gamma-globin genes regulation during erythroid differentiation. Plays a role in chromatin organization and nuclear architecture during apoptosis (By similarity). Crucial silencing factor contributing to the initiation of X inactivation mediated by Xist RNA that occurs during embryogenesis and in lymphoma. Binds to DNA at special AT-rich sequences, the consensus SATB1-binding sequence (CSBS), at nuclear matrix- or scaffold-associated regions. Thought to recognize the sugar-phosphate structure of double-stranded DNA. Transcriptional repressor controlling nuclear and viral gene expression in a phosphorylated and acetylated status-dependent manner, by binding to matrix attachment regions (MARs) of DNA and inducing a local chromatin-loop remodeling. Acts as a docking site for several chromatin remodeling enzymes and also by recruiting corepressors (HDACs) or coactivators (HATs) directly to promoters and enhancers. Modulates genes that are essential in the maturation of the immune T-cell CD8SP from thymocytes. Promotes neuronal differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells in the adult subventricular zone, possibly by positively regulating the expression of NEUROD1 (PubMed:26305964).
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation promotes cleavage by caspases.
messages: Up-regulated during adult neuronal stem cell differentiation.

10090:Adck5
gene id: 10090:Adck5
uniprot id: E9PUK2
uniprot id: Q80V03
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. ADCK protein kinase family.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Membrane
messages: The function of this protein is not yet clear. It is not known if it has protein kinase activity and what type of substrate it would phosphorylate (Ser, Thr or Tyr).

10090:Olfr46
gene id: 10090:Olfr46
uniprot id: Q8VGJ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Bhlhe23
gene id: 10090:Bhlhe23
uniprot id: Q8BGW3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Disrupted rod signaling and profound retinal dysfunction.
messages: Expressed in brain and retina.
messages: Expression is confined to regions of the developing nervous system and pancreas. At 13 dpc expressed at lower levels in the trigeminal ganglion, the ganglionic eminence, the ventral neural tube, and dorsal root ganglia. Expressed at moderate levels in the tectum of the embryonic midbrain. Most prominent expression is in the diencephalon, where it flanks either side of the roof of the third ventricle, dorsal/caudal to the dorsal thalamus. Detected in the pancreas during the time when most of the pancreatic endocrine cell types are beginning to differentiate and endocrine precursor cells remain loosely associated with the duct epithelium until they begin to form aggregates late in development.
messages: May function as transcriptional repressor. May modulate the expression of genes required for the differentiation and/or maintenance of pancreatic and neuronal cell types. May be important for rod bipolar cell maturation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bhlha15
gene id: 10090:Bhlha15
uniprot id: Q9QYC3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in pancreatic tissue only in acinar cells. There is a complete absence of expression in intra- or interlobular pancreatic ducts and in all islet cells.
messages: First observed at 10.5 dpc in the primitive gut and in the developing lung bud. Expression in the gut persists through 16.5 dpc and remains restricted primarily to the epithelial lining of the esophagus, stomach and intestine. Expression in the lung is detected in the bronchial epithelium at 14.5 dpc and at 15.5 dpc. Expressed specifically in acinar cells during pancreatic development. Detected in skeletal muscle tissues beginning at 12.5 dpc, persisting throughout all embryonic stages examined although, in older embryos expression becomes severely reduced.
messages: Forms homodimers or heterodimers with TCF3 gene products E12 and E47. These dimers bind to the E-box site, however, heterodimer with MYOD1 does not bind target DNA.
messages: Lacks a classic transcription activation domain and instead possesses an N-terminal region capable of inhibiting heterologous activators.
messages: Mice display incorrect granule organization in pancreatic acinar cells and other serous exocrine cells such as parotid acini and gastric chief cells. They also display mislocalization of mitochondria and Golgi apparatus and reduced Ca(2+) uptake by mitochondria.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in controlling the transcriptional activity of MyoD, ensuring that expanding myoblast populations remain undifferentiated (PubMed:17612490). Repression may occur through muscle-specific E-box occupancy by homodimers. May also negatively regulate bHLH-mediated transcription through an N-terminal repressor domain. Serves as a key regulator of acinar cell function, stability, and identity. Also required for normal organelle localization in exocrine cells and for mitochondrial calcium ion transport. May function as a unique regulator of gene expression in several different embryonic and postnatal cell lineages. Binds to the E-box consensus sequence 5'-CANNTG-3'.
messages: Up-regulated by XBP1. Induced by chemical activators of the unfolded protein response (UPR) such as tunicamycin and thapsigargin, and also by glucose starvation (PubMed:17612490).

10090:Rp9
gene id: 10090:Rp9
uniprot id: P97762
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to PIM1. Binds to ZNHIT4.
messages: Highly expressed in the testis, moderately in the kidney, liver and spleen, and weakly in the skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Is thought to be a target protein for the PIM1 kinase. May play some roles in B-cell proliferation in association with PIM1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Klf11
gene id: 10090:Klf11
uniprot id: Q8K1S5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: By TGF-beta. Expressed in a circadian manner in the kidney and epididymal fat tissue.
messages: Interacts with SIN3A.
messages: Mice breed normally and are fertile. Hematopoiesis at all stages of development is normal and there is no effect on globin gene expression or longevity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor. Activates the epsilon- and gamma-globin gene promoters and, to a much lower degree, the beta-globin gene and represses promoters containing SP1-like binding sites inhibiting cell growth (By similarity). Represses transcription of SMAD7 which enhances TGF-beta signaling. Induces apoptosis.

10090:1190007I07Rik
gene id: 10090:1190007I07Rik
uniprot id: Q8BTC1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Essential for mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III (CIII) assembly and stability (PubMed:32161263). Also required for cytochrome c oxidase complex (complex IV) assembly (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in brown adipose, cardiac and skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with UQCRC1 (PubMed:32161263). Interacts with UQCRQ (PubMed:32161263). Interacts with SMIM4 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Gpn1
gene id: 10090:Gpn1
uniprot id: Q4VAB2
uniprot id: Q8VCE2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GPN-loop GTPase family.
messages: Binds to RNA polymerase II.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer with GPN3. Binds to RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Interacts directly with RNAPII subunits RPB4 and RPB7 and the CTD of RPB1. Interacts with XPA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import.
messages: Small GTPase required for proper nuclear import of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). May act at an RNAP assembly step prior to nuclear import. Forms an interface between the RNA polymerase II enzyme and chaperone/scaffolding proteins, suggesting that it is required to connect RNA polymerase II to regulators of protein complex formation. May be involved in nuclear localization of XPA.

10090:Edn2
gene id: 10090:Edn2
uniprot id: P22389
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the endothelin/sarafotoxin family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Vasoconstrictor.

10090:Samt1
gene id: 10090:Samt1
uniprot id: A2BED8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: tight junction

10090:Pom121
gene id: 10090:Pom121
uniprot id: Q8K3Z9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the POM121 family.
messages: Contains F-X-F-G repeats.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Essential component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The repeat-containing domain may be involved in anchoring components of the pore complex to the pore membrane. When overexpressed in cells induces the formation of cytoplasmic annulate lamellae (AL) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis.
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Cabp2
gene id: 10090:Cabp2
uniprot id: Q9JLK4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the inner hair cells (IHCs), outer hair cells,(OHCs) and vestibular hair cells within the ear and in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:28183797, PubMed:17947313). Expressed in the retinal cone type 6 ON-bipolar cells and type 1 OFF-bipolar cells (at protein level) (PubMed:27822497). Expressed in the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neurons in the cochlea (at protein level) (PubMed:26809054).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Mice exhibit synaptic hearing impairment and impaired auditory brainstem responses. Enhanced inactivation of Ca(2+) influx in inner hair cells (IHCs), whereas its amplitude and voltage dependence of activation is normal. Reduced normal spontaneous and sound-evoked firing of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) seen (PubMed:28183797). Mice exhibit normal retinal morphology but altered light responses of retinal ganglion cells (PubMed:27822497).
messages: Required for sound encoding at inner hair cells (IHCs) synapses, likely via inhibition of the inactivation of voltage-gated calcium channel of type 1.3 (Cav1.3) in the IHCs (PubMed:28183797). Required for the normal transfer of light signals through the retina (PubMed:27822497).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cchcr1
gene id: 10090:Cchcr1
uniprot id: G3UWS7
uniprot id: Q3TWA2
uniprot id: Q8K2I2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be a regulator of keratinocyte proliferation or differentiation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Insm1
gene id: 10090:Insm1
uniprot id: Q05BD7
uniprot id: Q63ZV0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the INSM1 family.
messages: Expressed in adrenal gland. Expressed in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the wall of the lateral ventricle. Expressed in pancreatic and intestinal endocrine cells.
messages: Expressed in differentiating endocrine cells of the anterior pituitary gland between 11.5 and 17.5 dpc. Expressed in all hormone-secreting cell types of the pituitary gland. Expressed in primary sympathetic ganglion chain, spinal cord and in neurons of the dorsal root ganglia at 9.5 dpc. Expressed in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla at 13.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the developing central nervous system (CNS). Expressed in midbrain-hindbrain region at 9.5 dpc, in the spinal cord and telencephalon at 11 dpc. Expressed in the forebrain, midbrain, hind brain, spinal cord, cerebellum, olfactory bulb and retina between 11.5 and 14.5 dpc. Expressed in neural stem and progenitor cells of the developing neocortex in both the ventricular zone (VZ) and in the adjacent subventricular zone (SVZ), and in the external granule cell layer of the developing cerebellum between 11 and 16.5 dpc. Expressed in neural progenitor cells at the apical side of the VZ, collectively referred to as apical basal cells (APs; neuroepithelial cells, radial glial cells and short neural precursors) between 10.5 and 16.5 dpc. Expressed in neural progenitor cells in the basal region of the VZ between 10.5 and 16.5 dpc and at later stages in basal progenitor cells (BPs) of the SVZ. Expressed in the cerebellum and pineal gland at 18.5 dpc. Expressed in islet progenitor cells at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in endocrine pancreatic cells, enteric nervous system, duodenum, stomach, thymus, thyroid, adrenal glands at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts (via the N-terminal region) with CCND1 (via cyclin N-terminal domain); the interaction competes with the binding of CCND1 to CDK4 during cell cycle progression and increases its transcriptional repressor activity. Interacts with HDAC3; the interaction increases its transcriptional repressor activity (By similarity). Interacts (via the SNAG domain) with HDAC1. Interacts (via the SNAG domain) with HDAC2. Interacts (via the SNAG domain) with KDM1A. Interacts (via the SNAG domain) with RCOR1. Interacts with SORBS1.
messages: Mice die during the second half of gestation; lethality is caused by heart failure due to insufficient catecholamine synthesis. Display pancreatic, intestinal and sympatho-adrenal endocrine cell development impairment. Exhibits fewer terminally dividing neuronogenic basal progenitor cells (BPs) in the neocortex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding transcriptional regulator that plays a key role in neurogenesis and neuroendocrine cell differentiation during embryonic and/or fetal development. Binds to the consensus sequence 5'-[TG][TC][TC][TT][GA]GGG[CG]A-3' in target promoters. Acts as a transcriptional repressor of NEUROD1 and INS expression via its interaction with cyclin CCND1 in a cell cycle-independent manner. Negatively regulates skeletal muscle-specific gene expression in endocrine cells of the pituitary by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway. Represses target gene transcription by recruiting chromatin-modifying factors, such as HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, KDM1A and RCOR1 histone deacetylases. Binds to its own promoter, suggesting autoregulation as a self-control feedback mechanism. Competes with histone H3 for the same binding site on the histone demethylase complex formed by KDM1A and RCOR1, and thereby inhibits demethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-4' (By similarity). Promotes the generation and expansion of neuronal basal progenitor cells in the developing neocortex. Involved in the differentiation of endocrine cells of the developing anterior pituitary gland, of the pancreas and intestine, and of sympatho-adrenal cells in the peripheral nervous system. Promotes cell cycle signaling arrest and inhibition of cellular proliferation.
messages: The C-terminal region is necessary for NEUROD1 promoter DNA-binding and transcriptional repressor activity.

10090:Reep6
gene id: 10090:Reep6
uniprot id: Q9JM62
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DP1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the inner segment of rod photoreceptors and outer plexiform layer of the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:24691551, PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Expressed in liver, but not detected in brain, muscle, kidney, retinal cone photoreceptors or retinal ganglion cells (at protein level) (PubMed:24691551). Highly expressed in the ganglion cell layer of the retina and in liver, and also detected at low levels in kidney and testis (PubMed:15728532). Isoform 1: Expressed in the retina (PubMed:15728532, PubMed:24691551). Isoform 2: Expressed in liver (PubMed:24691551).
messages: Interacts with STX3 (PubMed:28369466). Interacts with clathrin (PubMed:28369466).
messages: Isoform 1 shows increasing levels of expression in the retina from birth, reaching maximal levels by 12 days of age.
messages: Required for correct function and survival of retinal photoreceptors (PubMed:24098485, PubMed:24691551, PubMed:28475715). Required for retinal development (PubMed:28369466). In rod photoreceptors, facilitates stability and/or trafficking of guanylate cyclases and is required to maintain endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial homeostasis (PubMed:28475715). May play a role in clathrin-coated intracellular vesicle trafficking of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the retinal rod plasma membrane (PubMed:24098485, PubMed:28369466).
messages: Viable, however mice develop progressive deterioration in retinal response, and male mice are sterile (PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Progressive retinal rod dysfunction first evident from one month of age progressing to almost undetectable scotopic response at one year of age (PubMed:28369466). Progressive degeneration of photopic response by retinal cone receptors first evident at one year of age (PubMed:28369466). Defective retinal morphology with significant thinning of the outer nuclear layer and reduced rows of nuclei (PubMed:28369466, PubMed:28475715). Accumulation of vacuole-like structures at the apical inner segment of the retina (PubMed:28369466). Reduced and disorganised photoreceptors with shortened fragmented outer segment (PubMed:28475715). Altered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) organization with increased ER area near the base of the outer segment, increased number of mitochondria in the rod ellipsoid region and induction of ER stress (PubMed:28475715). Reduced retinal expression of phototransduction proteins Cngb1 and Gnat1 and of Aipl1 (PubMed:28369466). Reduced expression of guanylate cyclases Gucy2e/GC1 and Gucy2f/GC2 in the rod outer segment and mislocalization of Pde6a from the outer segment to the inner segment and outer nuclear layer (PubMed:28475715).
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Polrmt
gene id: 10090:Polrmt
uniprot id: Q3U3J3
uniprot id: Q3V3C0
uniprot id: Q8BKF1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the phage and mitochondrial RNA polymerase family.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of mitochondrial DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of the mitochondrial transcription initiation complex, composed at least of TFB2M, TFAM and POLRMT that is required for basal transcription of mitochondrial DNA. In this complex, TFAM recruits POLRMT to a specific promoter whereas TFB2M induces structural changes in POLRMT to enable promoter opening and trapping of the DNA non-template strand. Has DNA primase activity. Catalyzes the synthesis of short RNA primers that are necessary for the initiation of lagging-strand DNA synthesis from the origin of light-strand DNA replication (OriL).
messages: Homodimer. Component of the mitochondrial transcription initiation complex, composed at least of TFB2M, TFAM and POLRMT. In this complex TFAM recruits POLRMT to the promoter whereas TFB2M induces structural changes in POLRMT to enable promoter opening and trapping of the DNA non-template strand (By similarity). Upon metabolic stress, forms a complex composed of FOXO3, SIRT3 and mitochondrial RNA polymerase POLRMT; the complex is recruited to mtDNA in a SIRT3-dependent manner (PubMed:23283301). Also forms a complex composed of FOXO3, SIRT3, TFAM and POLRMT. Interacts with TFB1M and TFB2M, leading to the stimulation of transcription. Interacts with TEFM. Interacts with MTRES1 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Hikeshi
gene id: 10090:Hikeshi
uniprot id: A0A140LJ25
uniprot id: Q9DD02
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a specific nuclear import carrier for HSP70 proteins following heat-shock stress: acts by mediating the nucleoporin-dependent translocation of ATP-bound HSP70 proteins into the nucleus. HSP70 proteins import is required to protect cells from heat shock damages. Does not translocate ADP-bound HSP70 proteins into the nucleus (By similarity). May also be indirectly required for organization and/or function of the secretory apparatus in Club cells in lung.
messages: Acts as a specific nuclear import carrier for HSP70 proteins following heat-shock stress: acts by mediating the nucleoporin-dependent translocation of ATP-bound HSP70 proteins into the nucleus. HSP70 proteins import is required to protect cells from heat shock damages. Does not translocate ADP-bound HSP70 proteins into the nucleus.
messages: Belongs to the OPI10 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During late gestation, it is expressed in lung epithelial cells, whereas perinatal expression is restricted to the bronchiolar epithelium.
messages: Expressed in the central white matter of newborn and adult brain, particularly in regions where oligodendrocytes are generated (PubMed:26545878).
messages: Forms an asymmetric homodimer; required for binding and nuclear import of HSP70 proteins. Interacts with ATP-bound HSP70 proteins.
messages: Forms an asymmetric homodimer; required for binding and nuclear import of HSP70 proteins. Interacts with ATP-bound HSP70 proteins. Interacts with NUP62 and NUP153 (via F-X-F-G repeats). Interacts with HSPA8.
messages: Mice display severe emphysematous enlargement of the distal respiratory sacs at birth. Club cells display enlargement and disorganization of the Golgi complex and formation of aberrant vesicular structures.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Rpl10
gene id: 10090:Rpl10
uniprot id: A2AM97
uniprot id: Q6ZWV3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL16 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Mature ribosomes consist of a small (40S) and a large (60S) subunit. The 40S subunit contains about 33 different proteins and 1 molecule of RNA (18S). The 60S subunit contains about 49 different proteins and 3 molecules of RNA (28S, 5.8S and 5S).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Plays a role in the formation of actively translating ribosomes. May play a role in the embryonic brain development.
messages: Ufmylated by UFL1.

10090:Olfr270
gene id: 10090:Olfr270
uniprot id: Q8VFN0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hipk2
gene id: 10090:Hipk2
uniprot id: Q9QZR5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 15 dpc-17 dpc, mainly in the developing retina, telencephalon and myoblasts. At 12.5 dpc, detected in the developing trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia, and in the developing spinal cord (at protein level). Highly induced during primary fetal liver erythropoiesis. Expressed in the inner retina during late embryogenesis, in nucleus. Highest levels at 14.5 dpc for isoform 2 and P12.5 for isoform 1.
messages: Autophosphorylation at Tyr-361 in the activation loop activates the kinase and promotes nuclear localization.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. HIPK subfamily.
messages: Cleaved at Asp-923 and Asp-984 by CASP6 in a p53/TP53-dependent manner. The cleaved form lacks the autoinhibitory C-terminal domain (AID), resulting in a hyperactive kinase, which potentiates p53/TP53 Ser-46 phosphorylation and subsequent activation of the cell death machinery.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During T-cell activation.
messages: Inhibited terminal erythroid cell proliferation and terminal enucleation, as well as reduced accumulation of hemoglobin. Impaired transcription of many genes involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis, and of erythroid-specific genes involved in hemoglobin biosynthesis, such as HBA and SLC25A37/MFRN. Enhanced stability of CTNNB1; accumulation of beta-catenin leading to the potentiation of beta-catenin-mediated cell proliferation and tumor formation. Small eyes with deficient lens, abnormal retinal lamination, and thickened retinas.
messages: Interacts with CREB1, SIAH1, WSB1, CBX4, TRADD, p53/TP53, TP73, TP63, CREBBP, DAXX, P53DINP1, SKI, SMAD1, SMAD2 and SMAD3, but not SMAD4. Interacts with SP100; positively regulates TP53-dependent transcription (By similarity). Interacts with ATF1, PML, RUNX1, EP300, NKX1-2, NKX2-5, UBE2I, HMGA1, CTBP1, AXIN1, NLK, MYB, POU4F1, POU4F2, POU4F3, UBE2I, UBL1 and ZBTB4. Probably part of a complex consisting of p53/TP53, HIPK2 and AXIN1. Interacts with DAZAP2; the interaction results in phosphorylation of DAZAP2 which causes localization of DAZAP2 to the nucleus, reduces interaction of DAZAP2 with HIPK2 and prevents DAZAP2-dependent degradation of HIPK2 (By similarity). Interacts with SIAH1; the interaction is promoted by DAZAP2 and results in SIAH1-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of HIPK2 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SPN/CD43 cytoplasmic tail.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in transcription regulation, p53/TP53-mediated cellular apoptosis and regulation of the cell cycle. Acts as a corepressor of several transcription factors, including SMAD1 and POU4F1/Brn3a and probably NK homeodomain transcription factors. Phosphorylates PDX1, ATF1, PML, p53/TP53, CREB1, CTBP1, CBX4, RUNX1, EP300, CTNNB1, HMGA1, ZBTB4 and DAZAP2. Inhibits cell growth and promotes apoptosis through the activation of p53/TP53 both at the transcription level and at the protein level (by phosphorylation and indirect acetylation). The phosphorylation of p53/TP53 may be mediated by a p53/TP53-HIPK2-AXIN1 complex. Involved in the response to hypoxia by acting as a transcriptional co-suppressor of HIF1A. Mediates transcriptional activation of TP73. In response to TGFB, cooperates with DAXX to activate JNK. Negative regulator through phosphorylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation of CTNNB1 and the antiapoptotic factor CTBP1. In the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway acts as an intermediate kinase between MAP3K7/TAK1 and NLK to promote the proteasomal degradation of MYB. Phosphorylates CBX4 upon DNA damage and promotes its E3 SUMO-protein ligase activity. Activates CREB1 and ATF1 transcription factors by phosphorylation in response to genotoxic stress. In response to DNA damage, stabilizes PML by phosphorylation. PML, HIPK2 and FBXO3 may act synergically to activate p53/TP53-dependent transactivation. Promotes angiogenesis, and is involved in erythroid differentiation, especially during fetal liver erythropoiesis. Phosphorylation of RUNX1 and EP300 stimulates EP300 transcription regulation activity. Triggers ZBTB4 protein degradation in response to DNA damage. In response to DNA damage, phosphorylates DAZAP2 which localizes DAZAP2 to the nucleus, reduces interaction of DAZAP2 with HIPK2 and prevents DAZAP2-dependent ubiquitination of HIPK2 by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SIAH1 and subsequent proteasomal degradation (By similarit…
messages: Sumoylated. When conjugated it is directed to nuclear speckles. Desumoylated by SENP1. Sumoylation on Lys-32 is promoted by the E3 SUMO-protein ligase CBX4 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by FBXO3, WSB1 and SIAH1, leading to rapid proteasome-dependent degradation. The degradation mediated by FBXO3, but not ubiquitination, is prevented in the presence of PML. The degradation mediated by WSB1 and SIAH1 is reversibly reduced upon DNA damage.
messages: Ubiquitous. Abundant in muscle, heart, small intestine, stomach, kidney and brain; and low in testis, skin and lung.

10090:Catspere2
gene id: 10090:Catspere2
uniprot id: A0A0A6YXX9
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Although related to the CATSPERD family, it is unclear whether the protein is part of a Catsper complex.
messages: Belongs to the CATSPERD family.

10090:Galnt3
gene id: 10090:Galnt3
uniprot id: P70419
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor (PubMed:8912633). Has activity toward HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 (By similarity). Has activity towards EA2, MUC2 and MUC5 (PubMed:8912633). Probably glycosylates fibronectin in vivo (By similarity). Glycosylates FGF23 (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highly expressed in the reproductive tract, principally in the testis and uterus, and to a lesser degree in the cervix with only trace levels in the ovary. Also expressed at high level in sublingual gland, stomach and colon, with more moderate amounts present in the submandibular and parotid gland as well as the kidney.
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity (By similarity). Essential for glycosylation of FGF23 (By similarity).
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Vmn2r88
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r88
uniprot id: A0A3B2W498
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem35a
gene id: 10090:Tmem35a
uniprot id: Q9D328
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DoxX family.
messages: Brain (at protein level) (PubMed:27170659, PubMed:26875622, PubMed:28445721). Expressed in the spinal cord dorsal horn (at protein level) (PubMed:33422618).
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: May interact with NGFR (By similarity). Interacts with RPN1, RPN2 and CANX (PubMed:32783947).
messages: Mice show a complete disruption of the assembly and function of the neuronal acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit alpha-7 (CHRNA7) in the brain (PubMed:26875622, PubMed:32204458). Exhibit enhanced locomotor activity, profound abnormalities in spatial/working memory and a significant reduction of assembled nAChRs in the brain (PubMed:28445721). Display thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia accompanied by an increased number of microglia in the spinal cord dorsal horn (PubMed:33422618). Exhibit elevated basal serum corticosterone accompanied by increased anxiety-like behavior and an impairment of long-term memory (PubMed:27170659).
messages: Molecular chaperone which mediates the proper assembly and functional expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) throughout the brain (PubMed:26875622, PubMed:28445721, PubMed:32204458). Essential for the proper folding, assembly, function and surface trafficking of alpha-7 (CHRNA7), alpha-4-beta-2, alpha-3-beta-2 and alpha-3-beta-4 receptors (PubMed:26875622, PubMed:28445721, PubMed:32204458). Stably associates with ribophorin-1 (RPN1) and ribophorin-2 (RPN2) (components of the oligosaccharyl transferase (OST) complex) and with calnexin (CANX), both of which are critical for NACHO-mediated effects on CHRNA7 assembly and function (PubMed:32783947). Facilitates the proper folding and assembly of alpha-6-beta-2 and alpha-6-beta-2-beta-3 receptors and acts at early stages of the nAChRs subunit assembly (PubMed:28445721). Promotes the expression of the alpha-4(2):beta-2(3) stoichiometric form over the alpha-4(3):beta-2(2) form (By similarity).
messages: Peroxisome membrane

10090:Mapk3
gene id: 10090:Mapk3
uniprot id: Q63844
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Binds both upstream activators and downstream substrates in multimolecular complexes. Found in a complex with at least BRAF, HRAS, MAP2K1/MEK1, MAPK3 and RGS14. Interacts with TPR. Interacts with ADAM15, ARRB2, CANX, DAPK1 (via death domain), HSF4, IER3, MAP2K1/MEK1, NISCH, and SGK1 (By similarity). Interacts with MORG1 (PubMed:15118098). Interacts with PEA15 (PubMed:11702783). Interacts with isoform 1 of MKNK2 and this binding prevents from dephosphorylation and inactivation (PubMed:16162500). Interacts with CDKN2AIP. Interacts with HSF1 (via D domain and preferentially with hyperphosphorylated form); this interaction occurs upon heat shock. Interacts with CAVIN4 (By similarity). Interacts with GIT1; this interaction is necessary for MAPK3 localization to focal adhesions (PubMed:15923189). Interacts with ZNF263 (By similarity). Interacts with EBF4.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dually phosphorylated on Thr-203 and Tyr-205, which activates the enzyme. Ligand-activated ALK induces tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity). Dephosphorylated by PTPRJ at Tyr-205 (By similarity). Autophosphorylated on threonine and tyrosine residues in vitro. Phosphorylated upon FLT3 and KIT signaling (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2 on Thr-203 and Tyr-205 in response to external stimuli like insulin or NGF. Both phosphorylations are required for activity. This phosphorylation causes dramatic conformational changes, which enable full activation and interaction of MAPK1/ERK2 with its substrates. Dephosphorylated and inactivated by DUSP3, DUSP6 and DUSP9.
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade also plays a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enab…
messages: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
messages: caveola
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Ajap1
gene id: 10090:Ajap1
uniprot id: A2ALI5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Forms a complex with CDH1 and CTNNB1; interacts directly with CTNNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with AP1M2 and isoform 2 of BSG/CD147 (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in cell adhesion and cell migration.
messages: adherens junction

10090:Pum3
gene id: 10090:Pum3
uniprot id: Q8BKS9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A 90 degree bend between Pumilio repeats 3 and 4 gives rise to a L-shaped protein.
messages: Chromosome
messages: In the adult eye, expressed primarily in retinal ganglion cells and, to a lesser extent, in the pigmented cells.
messages: Inhibits the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation activity of PARP1 and the degradation of PARP1 by CASP3 following genotoxic stress. Binds to double-stranded RNA or DNA without sequence specificity. Involved in development of the eye and of primordial germ cells.
messages: Interacts with PARP1 (via catalytic domain).
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Vps13a
gene id: 10090:Vps13a
uniprot id: Q5H8C4
uniprot id: Q6P6M9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS13 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts (via FFAT motif) with VAPA and VAPB (By similarity). Interacts with RAB7A (By similarity). Interacts with XK (By similarity).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mediates the transfer of lipids between membranes at organelle contact sites (By similarity). Required for the formation or stabilization of ER-mitochondria contact sites which enable transfer of lipids between the ER and mitochondria (By similarity). Negatively regulates lipid droplet size and motility (By similarity). Required for efficient lysosomal protein degradation (By similarity).
messages: Mice show defects in motor coordination, social investigation, erythrocyte morphology as well as size and morphology of the striatum. Provides a mouse model for chorea-acanthocytosis (CHAC) with a mild phenotype and late adult onset.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: The C-terminal part (3050-3166) is involved in phospholipid binding, including phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate.
messages: The FFAT motif is required for interaction with VAPA and VAPB and its localization to the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle

10090:Ggnbp2
gene id: 10090:Ggnbp2
uniprot id: Q5SV77
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed during spermatogenesis. Not detected in newborn animals, in which spermatogenesis has not yet progressed beyond the earliest stages.
messages: By dioxin (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin).
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts with isoform 1 of GGN.
messages: May be involved in spermatogenesis.
messages: Testis-specific.

10090:Cartpt
gene id: 10090:Cartpt
uniprot id: P56388
uniprot id: Q3UYI4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CART family.
messages: Satiety factor closely associated with the actions of leptin and neuropeptide y; this anorectic peptide inhibits both normal and starvation-induced feeding and completely blocks the feeding response induced by neuropeptide Y and regulated by leptin in the hypothalamus.
messages: Secreted

10090:Exosc2
gene id: 10090:Exosc2
uniprot id: Q3TKQ3
uniprot id: Q8VBV3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRP4 family.
messages: Component of the RNA exosome complex. Specifically part of the catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex which is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. Exo-9 is formed by a hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits specifically containing the heterodimers EXOSC4-EXOSC9, EXOSC5-EXOSC8 and EXOSC6-EXOSC7, and peripheral S1 domain-containing components EXOSC1, EXOSC2 and EXOSC3 located on the top of the ring structure. Interacts with DIS3. Interacts with GTPBP1. Interacts with ZFP36L1 (via N-terminus).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC2 as peripheral part of the Exo-9 complex stabilizes the hexameric ring of RNase PH-domain subunits through contacts with EXOSC4 and EXOSC7 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Olfr315
gene id: 10090:Olfr315
uniprot id: Q8VFG7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tram1l1
gene id: 10090:Tram1l1
uniprot id: Q8QZR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAM family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Stimulatory or required for the translocation of secretory proteins across the ER membrane.

10090:Faap24
gene id: 10090:Faap24
uniprot id: Q8BHL6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the multisubunit FA complex composed of FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL/PHF9, FANCM and FAAP24. Interacts with FANCM (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in DNA repair through recruitment of the FA core complex to damaged DNA. Regulates FANCD2 monoubiquitination upon DNA damage. Induces chromosomal instability as well as hypersensitivity to DNA cross-linking agents, when repressed. Targets FANCM/FAAP24 complex to the DNA, preferentially to single strand DNA (By similarity).
messages: The C-terminal region is distantly related to RuvA domain 2, a DNA-binding domain.

10090:Pdlim1
gene id: 10090:Pdlim1
uniprot id: O70400
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoskeletal protein that may act as an adapter that brings other proteins (like kinases) to the cytoskeleton (By similarity). Involved in assembly, disassembly and directioning of stress fibers in fibroblasts. Required for the localization of ACTN1 and PALLD to stress fibers. Required for cell migration and in maintaining cell polarity of fibroblasts (By similarity).
messages: Detected throughout the developing heart.
messages: Expressed in heart, lung, spleen, testis and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with ACTN1, ACTN2 and ACTN4 (By similarity). Interacts with PDLIM4 (By similarity).
messages: Z line
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Svop
gene id: 10090:Svop
uniprot id: Q8BFT9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Cstdc5
gene id: 10090:Cstdc5
uniprot id: Q497J0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.

10090:Slc33a1
gene id: 10090:Slc33a1
uniprot id: Q99J27
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLC33A transporter family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in all adult tissues examined including brain, heart, kidney, liver and spleen, with maximum expression in liver and kidney.
messages: Highly expressed at day 7 of embryonic development. Detected at lower levels throughout the later stages of embryonic development.
messages: Probable acetyl-CoA transporter necessary for O-acetylation of gangliosides (PubMed:10570973). Negatively regulates BMP signaling (By similarity).

10090:Snrpd3
gene id: 10090:Snrpd3
uniprot id: P62320
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the snRNP core protein family.
messages: Core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Most spliceosomal snRNPs contain a common set of Sm proteins, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG that assemble in a heptameric protein ring on the Sm site of the small nuclear RNA to form the core snRNP. Component of the U1 snRNP. The U1 snRNP is composed of the U1 snRNA and the 7 core Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG, and at least three U1 snRNP-specific proteins SNRNP70/U1-70K, SNRPA/U1-A and SNRPC/U1-C. Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF, SNRPG, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39, plus LSM2, LSM3, LSM4, LSM5, LSM6, LSM7 and LSM8 (By similarity). Component of the U7 snRNP complex, or U7 Sm protein core complex, that is composed of the U7 snRNA and at least LSM10, LSM11, SNRPB, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG; the complex does not contain SNRPD1 and SNRPD2 (PubMed:19470752). Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome. Part of the SMN-Sm complex that contains SMN1, GEMIN2/SIP1, DDX20/GEMIN3, GEMIN4, GEMIN5, GEMIN6, GEMIN7, GEMIN8, STRAP/UNRIP and the Sm proteins SNRPB, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG; catalyzes core snRNPs assembly. Forms a 6S pICln-Sm complex composed of CLNS1A/pICln, SNRPD1, SNRPD2, SNRPE, SNRPF and SNRPG; ring-like structure where CLNS1A/pICln mimics additional Sm proteins and which is unable to assemble into the core snRNP. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SMN1 (via Tudor domain); the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Methylated on arginine residues by PRMT5 and PRMT7; probable asymmetric dimethylation which is required for assembly and biogenesis of snRNPs.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in pre-mRNA splicing as a core component of the spliceosomal U1, U2, U4 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), the building blocks of the spliceosome. Component of both the pre-catalytic spliceosome B complex and activated spliceosome C complexes. Is also a component of the minor U12 spliceosome (By similarity). As part of the U7 snRNP it is involved in histone pre-mRNA 3'-end processing (PubMed:19470752).
messages: cytosol

10090:Uchl4
gene id: 10090:Uchl4
uniprot id: B2RTM4
uniprot id: P58321
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C12 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in various tissues at low level.
messages: Ubiquitin-protein hydrolase is involved both in the processing of ubiquitin precursors and of ubiquitinated proteins. This enzyme is a thiol protease that recognizes and hydrolyzes a peptide bond at the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin.

10090:Sulf1
gene id: 10090:Sulf1
uniprot id: Q8K007
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sulfatase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cell surface
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Exhibits arylsulfatase activity and highly specific endoglucosamine-6-sulfatase activity. It can remove sulfate from the C-6 position of glucosamine within specific subregions of intact heparin. Diminishes HSPG (heparan sulfate proteoglycans) sulfation, inhibits signaling by heparin-dependent growth factors, diminishes proliferation, and facilitates apoptosis in response to exogenous stimulation (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Intron retention. The sequence is a pre-RNA and intronic sequences remain.
messages: The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.

10090:Olfr198
gene id: 10090:Olfr198
uniprot id: Q7TS40
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Iqch
gene id: 10090:Iqch
uniprot id: Q9D2K4
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in fetal and adult testis, in the spermatocytes and spermatids but not in somatic cells.
messages: May play a regulatory role in spermatogenesis.

10090:Trnt1
gene id: 10090:Trnt1
uniprot id: Q8K1J6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adds and repairs the conserved 3'-CCA sequence necessary for the attachment of amino acids to the 3' terminus of tRNA molecules, using CTP and ATP as substrates.
messages: Belongs to the tRNA nucleotidyltransferase/poly(A) polymerase family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer and homodimer.

10090:Nicn1
gene id: 10090:Nicn1
uniprot id: Q9CQM0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in all tissues of the developing embryos.
messages: High expression level is found in brain, testis, liver and kidney. Weak expression in spleen, leukocytes, small intestin and colon.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the neuronal tubulin polyglutamylase complex which contains TPGS1, TPGS2, TTLL1, LRRC49 and NICN1.

10090:Elp6
gene id: 10090:Elp6
uniprot id: Q8BK75
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ELP6 family.
messages: Component of the elongator complex which consists of ELP1, ELP2, ELP3, ELP4, ELP5 and ELP6.
messages: Component of the elongator complex which is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine) (By similarity). The elongator complex catalyzes formation of carboxymethyluridine in the wobble base at position 34 in tRNAs (By similarity). Involved in cell migration (PubMed:22854966).
messages: Early embryonic lethality.
messages: Expressed throughout the cerebellum.
messages: The elongator complex was originally thought to play a role in transcription elongation. However, it is no longer thought to play a direct role in this process and its primary function is thought to be in tRNA modification.

10090:Tmem229a
gene id: 10090:Tmem229a
uniprot id: B9EJI9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM229 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:P4hb
gene id: 10090:P4hb
uniprot id: P09103
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with the protein microsomal triglyceride transfer MTTP. Homodimer. Monomers and homotetramers may also occur. Interacts with P4HA2, forming a heterotetramer consisting of 2 alpha subunits (P4HA2) and 2 beta (P4HB), where P4HB plays the role of a structural subunit; this tetramer catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyproline in collagen (PubMed:7753822). Also constitutes the structural subunit of the microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein MTTP in mammalian cells. Stabilizes both enzymes and retain them in the ER without contributing to the catalytic activity. Binds UBQLN1. Interacts with ERO1B (By similarity). Interacts with ILDR2 (PubMed:33863978). Interacts with ERN1/IRE1A (via N-terminus); the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation of P4HB by FAM20C in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress and results in attenuation of ERN1 activity (By similarity).
messages: In the mammary gland, expressed at higher levels in lactating mice than in virgin mice.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-359 by FAM20C is induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and results in a functional switch from oxidoreductase to molecular chaperone. It also promotes interaction with ERN1.
messages: This multifunctional protein catalyzes the formation, breakage and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. At the cell surface, seems to act as a reductase that cleaves disulfide bonds of proteins attached to the cell. May therefore cause structural modifications of exofacial proteins. Inside the cell, seems to form/rearrange disulfide bonds of nascent proteins. At high concentrations and following phosphorylation by FAM20C, functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. At low concentrations, facilitates aggregation (anti-chaperone activity). May be involved with other chaperones in the structural modification of the TG precursor in hormone biogenesis. Also acts as a structural subunit of various enzymes such as prolyl 4-hydroxylase and microsomal triacylglycerol transfer protein MTTP (By similarity). Receptor for LGALS9; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration (PubMed:21670307).

10090:Smyd4
gene id: 10090:Smyd4
uniprot id: Q8BTK5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via MYND-type zinc finger) with HDAC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a critical role in cardiac development (By similarity). Acts as a key epigenetic regulator of gene expression during cardiac development via its dual activities as a methyltransferase and negative regulator of HDAC1 (By similarity).

10090:Yars2
gene id: 10090:Yars2
uniprot id: Q8BJJ2
uniprot id: Q8BYL4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of tyrosine to tRNA(Tyr) in a two-step reaction: tyrosine is first activated by ATP to form Tyr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Tyr).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Ppif
gene id: 10090:Ppif
uniprot id: Q99KR7
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated at Lys-166; deacetylated at Lys-166 by SIRT3.
messages: Associates with the mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase F(1)F(0) ATP synthase; the association is increased by inorganic phosphate (Pi) and decreased by cyclosporin A (CsA) (PubMed:19801635). Interacts with ATP5F1B; ATP5PD and ATP5PO (PubMed:21281446). Interacts with SLC25A3; the interaction is impaired by CsA (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2; the interaction is impaired by CsA. Interacts with TP53; the association implicates preferentially tetrameric TP53, is induced by oxidative stress and is impaired by CsA (PubMed:22726440). Interacts with C1QBP (PubMed:20950273). Interacts with MCUR1 (By similarity). Component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex (mPTPC), at least composed of SPG7, VDAC1 and PPIF (By similarity). Interacts with SPG7 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
messages: Binds cyclosporin A (CsA). Is displaced by CsA from the mPTP leading to a lower open probability of the mPTP.
messages: Mice are developmentally normal and show no apparent anomalies (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352). Mitochondria do not undergo cyclosporin A-sensitive mitochondrial permeability transtition (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352). Cells show resistance to necrotic cell death induced by reactive oxygen species and Ca(2+) overload, and animals show a high level of resistance to ischaemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac injury (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352). Mice show a dramatic reduction in brain infarct size after acute middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352). Mice lacking Slc25a4/Ant1, Slc25a5/Ant2, Slc25a31/Ant4 and Ppif lack Ca(2+)-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation (PubMed:31489369).
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding (By similarity). Involved in regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352, PubMed:18684715, PubMed:31489369). It is proposed that its association with the mPTP is masking a binding site for inhibiting inorganic phosphate (Pi) and promotes the open probability of the mPTP leading to apoptosis or necrosis; the requirement of the PPIase activity for this function is debated (PubMed:15800626, PubMed:15800627, PubMed:16103352, PubMed:18684715, PubMed:31489369). In cooperation with mitochondrial p53/TP53 is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis (PubMed:22726440). Involved in modulation of mitochondrial membrane F(1)F(0) ATP synthase activity and regulation of mitochondrial matrix adenine nucleotide levels (PubMed:19801635, PubMed:21281446). Has anti-apoptotic activity independently of mPTP and in cooperation with BCL2 inhibits cytochrome c-dependent apoptosis (By similarity).

10090:Adcy10
gene id: 10090:Adcy10
uniprot id: E9Q9T4
uniprot id: Q8C0T9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by manganese or magnesium ions. In the presence of magnesium ions, the enzyme is activated by bicarbonate. Calcium mildly increases the enzyme activity, also in the presence of magnesium ions.
messages: Belongs to the adenylyl cyclase class-4/guanylyl cyclase family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit. Is also active with manganese (in vitro).
messages: Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP. May function as sensor that mediates responses to changes in cellular bicarbonate and CO(2) levels (By similarity). Has a critical role in mammalian spermatogenesis by producing the cAMP which regulates cAMP-responsive nuclear factors indispensable for sperm maturation in the epididymis. Induces capacitation, the maturational process that sperm undergo prior to fertilization (PubMed:14976244, PubMed:16054031). Involved in ciliary beat regulation (By similarity).
messages: Catalyzes the formation of the signaling molecule cAMP. May function as sensor that mediates responses to changes in cellular bicarbonate and CO(2) levels. Has a critical role in mammalian spermatogenesis by producing the cAMP which regulates cAMP-responsive nuclear factors indispensable for sperm maturation in the epididymis. Induces capacitation, the maturational process that sperm undergo prior to fertilization. Involved in ciliary beat regulation.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: Mice are infertile because of a severe sperm-motility defect.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal guanylate cyclase domains are required for enzyme activity. Fragments containing the first 470 amino acid residues are fully active.
messages: cilium
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Olfr441
gene id: 10090:Olfr441
uniprot id: Q8VFS5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ada
gene id: 10090:Ada
uniprot id: P03958
uniprot id: Q4FK28
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily. Adenosine and AMP deaminases family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine and 2-deoxyadenosine (PubMed:9272950, PubMed:8634299, PubMed:10720488, PubMed:8672487, PubMed:8942668). Plays an important role in purine metabolism and in adenosine homeostasis (PubMed:9272950, PubMed:10720488). Modulates signaling by extracellular adenosine, and so contributes indirectly to cellular signaling events (PubMed:11435465). Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4. Its interaction with DPP4 regulates lymphocyte-epithelial cell adhesion (By similarity). Enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity by affecting dendritic cell costimulatory molecule expression and cytokines and chemokines secretion (By similarity). Enhances CD4+ T-cell differentiation and proliferation (By similarity). Acts as a positive modulator of adenosine receptors ADORA1 and ADORA2A, by enhancing their ligand affinity via conformational change (By similarity). Stimulates plasminogen activation (By similarity). Plays a role in male fertility (By similarity). Plays a protective role in early postimplantation embryonic development (PubMed:9272950).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle lumen
messages: Detected in brain neurons in the median emninence (at protein level) (PubMed:8783262). Expressed in secondary deciduum (at protein level) (PubMed:9272950). Found in all tissues, occurs in large amounts in T-lymphocytes and, at the time of weaning, in gastrointestinal tissues.
messages: Expressed in trophoblast at 7.5 dpc and 9.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with DPP4 (via extracellular domain). Interacts with PLG (via Kringle 4 domain); the interaction stimulates PLG activation when in complex with DPP4.
messages: Lethal at perinatal stages. Fetuses are viable up to 18 dpc, but after this survival decreases rapidly. Fewer that 10% of mutant pups are born live, and these die within hours after birth. Mutant fetuses display much higher than normal levels of adenosine and dATP, respiratory distress, hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. Prenatal lethality can be avoided using an ADA expression vector with a trophoblast-specific promoter. Mutant mice die after about three weeks due to immunodeficiency, disturbances in purine metabolism and severe lung inflammation.
messages: Lysosome

10090:Plin5
gene id: 10090:Plin5
uniprot id: Q8BVZ1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the perilipin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in oxidative tissues, including heart, liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT) and slow-twitch fibers of skeletal muscle. Lower expression in epididymal white adipose tissue and anterior tibialis and quadriceps. Expressed in adrenal glands. Isoform 2 has the highest expression in heart.
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with PNPLA2; prevents interaction of PNPLA2 with ABHD5. Interacts with ABHD5; targets ABHD5 to lipid droplets and promotes interaction of ABHD5 with PNPLA2. Interacts with LIPE.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Lipid droplet-associated protein that maintains the balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis and also regulates fatty acid oxidation in oxidative tissues. Recruits mitochondria to the surface of lipid droplets and is involved in lipid droplet homeostasis by regulating both the storage of fatty acids in the form of triglycerides and the release of fatty acids for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. In lipid droplet triacylglycerol hydrolysis, plays a role as a scaffolding protein for three major key lipolytic players: ABHD5, PNPLA2 and LIPE. Reduces the triacylglycerol hydrolase activity of PNPLA2 by recruiting and sequestering PNPLA2 to lipid droplets. Phosphorylation by PKA enables lipolysis probably by promoting release of ABHD5 from the perilipin scaffold and by facilitating interaction of ABHD5 with PNPLA2. Also increases lipolysis through interaction with LIPE and upon PKA-mediated phosphorylation of LIPE.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice lack detectable lipid droplets in heart. The triacylglycerol and fatty acid content in heart is lower.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA. Phosphorylated on serine in skeletal muscle at rest or with lipolytic stimulation.
messages: Up-regulated by fasting, PPARD, PPARA and PLIN4. Increased in muscle of high-fat diet fed mice. Induced by unsaturated long chain fatty acid in muscle.

10090:Mapkapk5
gene id: 10090:Mapkapk5
uniprot id: O54992
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated following phosphorylation at Thr-182 by p38-alpha/MAPK14, p38-beta/MAPK11, ERK2/MAPK1, ERK3/MAPK6, and ERK4/MAPK4. Activated by stress-related extracellular stimuli; such as H(2)O(2), arsenite, anisomycin TNF alpha and also PMA and the calcium ionophore A23187; but to a lesser extent. In vitro, activated by SQSTM1. Inhibited by diterpenoid alkaloid noroxoaconitine.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed ubiquitously.
messages: Interacts with SQSTM1 (By similarity). Interacts with ERK3/MAPK6 and ERK4/MAPK4 (via FRIEDE motif); the interaction is direct. Interacts with YWHAE; the interaction prevents phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 leading to disrupt F-actin polymerization.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phenotypes are different depending on reports. According to a first report, mice are viable and fertile and do not show changes in tissue morphology and behavior: they exhibit the same susceptibility to LPS-induced endotoxic shock as wild-type animals and do not show the defects in LPS-induced biosynthesis of inflammatory cytokines known to occur with Mapkapk2-deficient animals (PubMed:14560018). According to another report, both homozygous and heterozygous mutant mice are highly susceptible to skin carcinogenesis induced by DMBA (PubMed:17254968). According to a third report, mutant show embryonic lethality around 11 dpc in a C57BL/6 background (PubMed:15538386).
messages: Phosphorylated on Thr-182 ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4; which is the regulatory phosphorylation site and is located on the T-loop/loop 12, leading to activation. Phosphorylation at Thr-182 by p38-alpha/MAPK14, p38-beta/MAPK11 is subject to debate. Phosphorylated at Ser-115 by PKA/PRKACA, leading to localization to the cytoplasm. Autophosphorylated.
messages: The role of p38 MAPK kinases is unclear in phosphorylation and activation of Mapkapk5. According to some reports, it interacts and is phosphorylated by p38-alpha/MAPK14 and p38-beta/MAPK11 (PubMed:9480836). According to other reports, it is not activated by p38-alpha/MAPK14 and p38-beta/MAPK11 (PubMed:14560018). An explanation for these discrepancies, might be that the interaction with p38 MAPK kinases is weak and occurs only under specific conditions.
messages: Tumor suppressor serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in mTORC1 signaling and post-transcriptional regulation. Phosphorylates FOXO3, ERK3/MAPK6, ERK4/MAPK4, HSP27/HSPB1, p53/TP53 and RHEB. Acts as a tumor suppressor by mediating Ras-induced senescence and phosphorylating p53/TP53. Involved in post-transcriptional regulation of MYC by mediating phosphorylation of FOXO3: phosphorylation of FOXO3 leads to promote nuclear localization of FOXO3, enabling expression of miR-34b and miR-34c, 2 post-transcriptional regulators of MYC that bind to the 3'UTR of MYC transcript and prevent MYC translation. Acts as a negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling by mediating phosphorylation and inhibition of RHEB. Part of the atypical MAPK signaling via its interaction with ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4: the precise role of the complex formed with ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4 is still unclear, but the complex follows a complex set of phosphorylation events: upon interaction with atypical MAPK (ERK3/MAPK6 or ERK4/MAPK4), ERK3/MAPK6 (or ERK4/MAPK4) is phosphorylated and then mediates phosphorylation and activation of MAPKAPK5, which in turn phosphorylates ERK3/MAPK6 (or ERK4/MAPK4). Mediates phosphorylation of HSP27/HSPB1 in response to PKA/PRKACA stimulation, inducing F-actin rearrangement.

10090:Klhdc9
gene id: 10090:Klhdc9
uniprot id: Q3USL1
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CCNA1.

10090:Olfr774
gene id: 10090:Olfr774
uniprot id: Q7TRI5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Bcl2l14
gene id: 10090:Bcl2l14
uniprot id: Q9CPT0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Phosphorylated by MELK, leading to inhibit its pro-apoptotic function.
messages: Plays a role in apoptosis.

10090:Naa38
gene id: 10090:Naa38
uniprot id: Q9D2U5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auxillary component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex which catalyzes acetylation of N-terminal methionine residues.
messages: Belongs to the snRNP Sm proteins family.
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex, which is composed of NAA35, NAA38 and NAA30.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Chil4
gene id: 10090:Chil4
uniprot id: Q91Z98
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 18 family. Chitinase class II subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in stratified squamous epithelium in the junctional region between forestomach and glandular stomach (at protein level). Expression is mainly restricted to stomach.
messages: Has low chemotactic activity for eosinophils. May play a role in inflammation and allergy. Has no chitinase activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in response to IL4 and IL13 and during the allergic response.

10090:Gtf2ird1
gene id: 10090:Gtf2ird1
uniprot id: Q5XJY7
uniprot id: Q6PD35
uniprot id: Q8BP10
uniprot id: Q9JI57
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TFII-I family.
messages: Expressed in somites, neural tube and brain at 8-8.5 dpc. Expression remains constant from 9.5-12.5 dpc with highest expression levels in the limb buds, branchial arches, crainofacial area, brain and spinal cord.
messages: Interacts with the retinoblastoma protein (RB1) via its C-terminus.
messages: May be a transcription regulator involved in cell-cycle progression and skeletal muscle differentiation. May repress GTF2I transcriptional functions, by preventing its nuclear residency, or by inhibiting its transcriptional activation. May contribute to slow-twitch fiber type specificity during myogenesis and in regenerating muscles. Binds troponin I slow-muscle fiber enhancer (USE B1). Binds specifically and with high affinity to the EFG sequences derived from the early enhancer of HOXC8.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Rptn
gene id: 10090:Rptn
uniprot id: P97347
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the S100-fused protein family.
messages: Can be divided into a N-terminal domain with significant homology to S100-like calcium-binding proteins, a central domain containing a series of short tandem repeats, and two flanking segments with low homology to the consensus sequences of the central repeats.
messages: Detectable in the stratified internal epithelia of forestomach and tongue and to a lesser degree in normal skin epidermis, where it is restricted to the differentiated suprabasal cell layers. Overexpressed in skin tumors.
messages: Expressed during late differentiation of the epidermis.
messages: Involved in the cornified cell envelope formation. Multifunctional epidermal matrix protein.
messages: Potential substrate of transglutaminase. Some arginines are probably converted to citrullines by peptidylarginine deimidase.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Actr3
gene id: 10090:Actr3
uniprot id: Q3ULF7
uniprot id: Q99JY9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In podocytes, required for the formation of lamellipodia downstream of AVIL and PLCE1 regulation. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Plays a role in ciliogenesis.
messages: Belongs to the actin family. ARP3 subfamily.
messages: Cell projection
messages: Component of the Arp2/3 complex composed of ACTR2/ARP2, ACTR3/ARP3, ARPC1B/p41-ARC, ARPC2/p34-ARC, ARPC3/p21-ARC, ARPC4/p20-ARC and ARPC5/p16-ARC. Interacts with WHDC1. Interacts weakly with MEFV. Interacts with AVIL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ctss
gene id: 10090:Ctss
uniprot id: F6WR04
uniprot id: O70370
uniprot id: Q3UD32
uniprot id: Q8BSZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Secreted
messages: Thiol protease. Key protease responsible for the removal of the invariant chain from MHC class II molecules and MHC class II antigen presentation. The bond-specificity of this proteinase is in part similar to the specificities of cathepsin L.
messages: Widely expressed with highest expression found in non-skeletal tissues. Relatively high levels found in skeletal tissues. Expressed in spleen, B cells, dendritic cells and macrophages (PubMed:9545226).
messages: phagosome

10090:Defb6
gene id: 10090:Defb6
uniprot id: Q91VD6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Expressed constitutively and induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: Has potent antibacterial activity against E.coli (ATCC 25922).
messages: Predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle, also expressed in esophagus, tongue, and trachea. Also expressed in lung when induced by lipopolysaccharide.
messages: Secreted

10090:P2rx4
gene id: 10090:P2rx4
uniprot id: D3YYR5
uniprot id: D3Z5U5
uniprot id: Q9Z256
uniprot id: Q9Z257
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the P2X receptor family.
messages: Functional P2XRs are organized as homomeric and heteromeric trimers.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for ATP that acts as a ligand-gated ion channel.

10090:Mid1
gene id: 10090:Mid1
uniprot id: B1AV01
uniprot id: O70583
uniprot id: Q3TVH5
uniprot id: Q6PD02
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed throughout embryonic development with highest levels from 7-11 dpc. Also expressed in the adult.
messages: Has E3 ubiquitin ligase activity towards IGBP1, promoting its monoubiquitination, which results in deprotection of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase PP2A, and its subsequent degradation by polyubiquitination.
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer with MID2. Interacts with IGBP1.
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in fetus and adult. At 9 dpc-10.5 dpc, highest expression found in frontonasal processes, branchial arches and CNS. From 12.5 dpc to 16.5 dpc, high levels found in rostral part of CNS. At 14.5 dpc, begins to be highly expressed in kidney and lung. At 16.5 dpc, highly expressed in the mucosa of the hindgut and cutaneous region of the stomach.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ctnnb1
gene id: 10090:Ctnnb1
uniprot id: Q02248
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beta-catenin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deacetylated at Lys-49 by SIRT1.
messages: Expressed in cerebellar granule neurons (at protein level).
messages: Key downstream component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:15132997). In the absence of Wnt, forms a complex with AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In the presence of Wnt ligand, CTNNB1 is not ubiquitinated and accumulates in the nucleus, where it acts as a coactivator for transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, leading to activate Wnt responsive genes (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion, as component of an E-cadherin:catenin adhesion complex (PubMed:16325582, PubMed:18093941). Acts as a negative regulator of centrosome cohesion. Involved in the CDK2/PTPN6/CTNNB1/CEACAM1 pathway of insulin internalization. Blocks anoikis of malignant kidney and intestinal epithelial cells and promotes their anchorage-independent growth by down-regulating DAPK2. Disrupts PML function and PML-NB formation by inhibiting RANBP2-mediated sumoylation of PML (By similarity). Promotes neurogenesis by maintaining sympathetic neuroblasts within the cell cycle (PubMed:21325504). Involved in chondrocyte differentiation via interaction with SOX9: SOX9-binding competes with the binding sites of TCF/LEF within CTNNB1, thereby inhibiting the Wnt signaling (PubMed:15132997).
messages: Nucleus
messages: O-glycosylation at Ser-23 decreases nuclear localization and transcriptional activity, and increases localization to the plasma membrane and interaction with E-cadherin CDH1.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-552 by AMPK promotes stabilizion of the protein, enhancing TCF/LEF-mediated transcription (PubMed:20361929). Phosphorylation by GSK3B requires prior phosphorylation of Ser-45 by another kinase (By similarity). Phosphorylation proceeds then from Thr-41 to Ser-37 and Ser-33 (By similarity). Phosphorylated by NEK2 (By similarity). EGF stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-33 and Ser-37 by HIPK2 and GSK3B, this phosphorylation triggers proteasomal degradation (PubMed:20307497). Phosphorylation on Ser-191 and Ser-246 by CDK5 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by CDK2 regulates insulin internalization (By similarity). Phosphorylation by PTK6 at Tyr-64, Tyr-142, Tyr-331 and/or Tyr-333 with the predominant site at Tyr-64 is not essential for inhibition of transcriptional activity (By similarity). Phosphorylation by SRC at Tyr-333 promotes interaction with isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2); promoting transcription activation (By similarity).
messages: S-nitrosylation at Cys-619 within adherens junctions promotes VEGF-induced, NO-dependent endothelial cell permeability by disrupting interaction with E-cadherin, thus mediating disassembly adherens junctions.
messages: Sympathetic ganglia-specific conditional knockout mice lead to a reduction in sympathetic ganglia size and in progenitor cell number, but does not alter sympathetic innervation of peripheral target organs.
messages: Synapse
messages: Two separate complex-associated pools are found in the cytoplasm. The majority is present as component of an E-cadherin/ catenin adhesion complex composed of at least E-cadherin/CDH1 and beta-catenin/CTNNB1, and possibly alpha-catenin/CTNNA1; the complex is located to adherens junctions. The stable association of CTNNA1 is controversial as CTNNA1 was shown not to bind to F-actin when assembled in the complex. Alternatively, the CTNNA1-containing complex may be linked to F-actin by other proteins such as LIMA1. Binds SLC9A3R1. Interacts with PTPRU (via the cytoplasmic juxtamembrane domain) and with EMD. Interacts with SESTD1 and TRPC4. Interacts with CAV1. Interacts with PTPRJ. Interacts with PKT7. Interacts with FAT1 (via the cytoplasmic domain). Interacts with CDK2, NDRG2 and NANOS1. Interacts with NEK2 and CDK5. Interacts with CARM1, CXADR, PCDH11Y and PTK6. Interacts with RAPGEF2. Interacts with SOX7; this interaction may lead to proteasomal degradation of active CTNNB1 and thus inhibition of Wnt/beta-catenin-stimulated transcription. Identified in a complex with HINT1 and MITF. Interacts with FHIT. Interacts with FERMT2. Identified in a complex with TCF4 and FERMT2. Another cytoplasmic pool is part of a large complex containing AXIN1, AXIN2, APC, CSNK1A1 and GSK3B that promotes phosphorylation on N-terminal Ser and Thr residues and ubiquitination of CTNNB1 via BTRC and its subsequent degradation by the proteasome. Wnt-dependent activation of DVL antagonizes the action of GSK3B. When GSK3B activity is inhibited the complex dissociates, CTNNB1 is dephosphorylated and is no longer targeted for destruction. The stabilized protein translocates to the nucleus, where it binds TCF/LEF-1 family members, BCL9, BCL9L and possibly also RUVBL1 and CHD8. Interacts with TAX1BP3 (via the PDZ domain); this interaction inhibits the transcriptional activity of CTNNB1. Interacts with AJAP1, BAIAP1 and CTNNA3. Interacts with TRPV4; the TRPV4 and CTNNB1 complex can interact with CDH1…
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(BTRC) E3 ligase complex when phosphorylated by GSK3B, leading to its degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by a E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing UBE2D1, SIAH1, CACYBP/SIP, SKP1, APC and TBL1X, leading to its subsequent proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Ubiquitinated and degraded following interaction with SOX9 (Probable).
messages: adherens junction
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle pole

10090:C1rl
gene id: 10090:C1rl
uniprot id: Q3UZ09
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Expressed in liver (at protein level).
messages: Mediates the proteolytic cleavage of HP/haptoglobin in the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Secreted

10090:Sprr2k
gene id: 10090:Sprr2k
uniprot id: G5E8D1
uniprot id: O70562
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.
messages: Cross-linked envelope protein of keratinocytes. It is a keratinocyte protein that first appears in the cell cytosol, but ultimately becomes cross-linked to membrane proteins by transglutaminase. All that results in the formation of an insoluble envelope beneath the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Not expressed in uterus.

10090:Olfr1303
gene id: 10090:Olfr1303
uniprot id: A2AVW1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ncmap
gene id: 10090:Ncmap
uniprot id: Q99JS0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in sciatic nerve and placenta at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Found in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) Schwann cells (at protein level). Expressed in the PNS, primarily limited to Schwann cells.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Plays a role in myelin formation.
messages: Up-regulated in Schwann cells by EGR2 during nerve development and after nerve injury.

10090:Cd79a
gene id: 10090:Cd79a
uniprot id: P11911
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arginine methylation in the ITAM domain may interfere with the binding of SYK. It promotes signals leading to B-cell differentiation.
messages: B-cells.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterodimer of alpha and beta chains; disulfide-linked. Part of the B-cell antigen receptor complex where the alpha/beta chain heterodimer is non-covalently associated with an antigen-specific membrane-bound surface immunoglobulin of two heavy chains and two light chains. Interacts through its phosphorylated ITAM domain with the SH2 domains of SYK which stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Also interacts, when phosphorylated on Tyr-204, with the SH2 domain of BLNK/SLP65, bringing BLNK into proximity with SYK and allowing SYK to phosphorylate BLNK which is necessary for trafficking of the BCR to late endosomes. Interacts with Src-family tyrosine kinases including FYN and LYN, increasing their activity.
messages: Mice display impaired B-cell development which does not progress pass the progenitor stage.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine, serine and threonine residues upon B-cell activation. Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues by Src-family kinases, including LYN, is an early and essential feature of the BCR signaling cascade. The phosphorylated tyrosines serve as docking sites for SH2-domain containing kinases, leading to their activation which in turn leads to phosphorylation of downstream targets. Phosphorylation of serine and threonine residues may prevent subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation.
messages: Required in cooperation with CD79B for initiation of the signal transduction cascade activated by binding of antigen to the B-cell antigen receptor complex (BCR) which leads to internalization of the complex, trafficking to late endosomes and antigen presentation. Also required for BCR surface expression and for efficient differentiation of pro- and pre-B-cells. Stimulates SYK autophosphorylation and activation. Binds to BLNK, bringing BLNK into proximity with SYK and allowing SYK to phosphorylate BLNK. Also interacts with and increases activity of some Src-family tyrosine kinases. Represses BCR signaling during development of immature B-cells.

10090:Trpv6
gene id: 10090:Trpv6
uniprot id: Q91WD2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family. TrpV subfamily. TRPV6 sub-subfamily.
messages: Calcium selective cation channel that mediates Ca(2+) uptake in various tissues, including the intestine (PubMed:12765696, PubMed:12601087, PubMed:12574114, PubMed:14736889, PubMed:15123711, PubMed:17129178). Important for normal Ca(2+) ion homeostasis in the body, including bone and skin (PubMed:17129178, PubMed:22878123). The channel is activated by low internal calcium level, probably including intracellular calcium store depletion, and the current exhibits an inward rectification. Inactivation includes both a rapid Ca(2+)-dependent and a slower Ca(2+)-calmodulin-dependent mechanism; the latter may be regulated by phosphorylation (PubMed:15123711). In vitro, is slowly inhibited by Mg(2+) in a voltage-independent manner (PubMed:12601087). Heteromeric assembly with TRPV5 seems to modify channel properties. TRPV5-TRPV6 heteromultimeric concatemers exhibit voltage-dependent gating (PubMed:12574114).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in intestine (at protein level) (PubMed:17129178). Abundantly expressed in pancreas and placenta, and to a much lesser extent in stomach and kidney (PubMed:12765696). Detected in kidney and duodenum (PubMed:17129178, PubMed:20399919).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with TCAF1 and TCAF2 (By similarity). Homotetramer and probably heterotetramer with TRPV5 (PubMed:12574114). Interacts with TRPV5 (PubMed:12574114). Interacts with S100A10 and probably with the ANAX2-S100A10 heterotetramer. The interaction with S100A10 is required for the trafficking to the plasma membrane (PubMed:12660155). Interacts with calmodulin (PubMed:12765696, PubMed:15123711). Interacts with BSPRY (PubMed:16380433).
messages: Mutant mice have lower body weight than their littermates throughout their lifespan and low fertility, due to impaired calcium homeostasis. Mutant mice display strongly impaired intestinal Ca(2+) uptake and increased urinary Ca(2+) levels (PubMed:17129178). Still, their serum Ca(2+) levels are normal, probably due to compensation by another calcium channel (PubMed:17129178, PubMed:20399919). In spite of this, mutant mice display decreased femoral mineral density; also when they are fed a high-calcium diet (PubMed:17129178). In contrast, no difference in bone density was observed in another study; mutant and wild-type mice displayed similar values when fed a normal diet, and a similar reduction in bone mass when fed a low-calcium diet (PubMed:20399919). Besides, the majority of mutant mice display alopecia and develop dermatitis (PubMed:17129178).
messages: Phosphorylation at Tyr-201 and Tyr-202 by SRC leads to an increased calcium influx through the channel. Probably dephosphorylated at these sites by PTPN1 (By similarity).
messages: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical ACG threonine codon.
messages: Up-regulated in intestine by exposure to a low-calcium diet (PubMed:17129178, PubMed:22878123). Down-regulated in intestine in response to a high-calcium diet (PubMed:17129178).

10090:Gmcl1
gene id: 10090:Gmcl1
uniprot id: Q920G9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Highest levels in pachytene and diplotene stage spermatocytes and primordial germ cells of the male and the female.
messages: Interacts with TMPO-Beta, TSG101 and TFDP2. Interacts with EMD (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Possible function in spermatogenesis. Enhances the degradation of MDM2 and increases the amount of p53 probably by modulating the nucleocytoplasmic transport.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at low levels throughout development and in adult tissues.

10090:Crygb
gene id: 10090:Crygb
uniprot id: P04344
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the beta/gamma-crystallin family.
messages: Crystallins are the dominant structural components of the vertebrate eye lens.
messages: Has a two-domain beta-structure, folded into four very similar Greek key motifs.
messages: There are six different gamma crystallins identified in mouse lens.

10090:Pycrl
gene id: 10090:Pycrl
uniprot id: Q9DCC4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Enzyme that catalyzes the last step in proline biosynthesis. Proline is synthesized from either glutamate or ornithine; both are converted to pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C), and then to proline via pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductases (PYCRs). PYCRL is exclusively linked to the conversion of ornithine to proline.
messages: Homodecamer; composed of 5 homodimers.

10090:Psme2
gene id: 10090:Psme2
uniprot id: G3X9V0
uniprot id: P97372
uniprot id: Q5SVP3
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PA28 family.
messages: By interferon gamma.
messages: Heterodimer of PSME1 and PSME2, which forms a hexameric ring.
messages: Implicated in immunoproteasome assembly and required for efficient antigen processing. The PA28 activator complex enhances the generation of class I binding peptides by altering the cleavage pattern of the proteasome.

10090:Klf15
gene id: 10090:Klf15
uniprot id: Q9EPW2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed in aortic smooth muscle cells.
messages: In the heart, up-regulated by the CLOCK/BMAL1 heterodimer. In podocytes, up-regulated by retinoic acid.
messages: Interacts with MYOCD. Interacts with EP300 (By similarity).
messages: KLF15 null mice are viable, but in response to pressure overload, they develop cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that binds to the GA element of the CLCNKA promoter (By similarity). Binds to the KCNIP2 promoter and regulates KCNIP2 circadian expression in the heart. Is a repressor of CCN2 expression, involved in the control of cardiac fibrosis. Is also involved in the control of cardiac hypertrophy acting through the inhibition of MEF2A, GATA4 and MYOCD activity. Is a negative regulator of TP53 acetylation. Inhibits NF-kappa-B activation through repression of EP300-dependent RELA acetylation (By similarity). Involved in podocyte differentiation.

10090:Xirp2
gene id: 10090:Xirp2
uniprot id: Q4U4S6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Xin family.
messages: By MEF2A in skeletal muscle. By angiotensin II in heart.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Expression is restricted to heart and skeletal muscle. Present in intercalated disks of the heart and in the Z-disk region of skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with ACTN2. Interacts with F-actin (By similarity).
messages: Protects actin filaments from depolymerization.
messages: Xin repeats bind F-actin.

10090:Ipo8
gene id: 10090:Ipo8
uniprot id: Q7TMY7
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the importin beta family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a heterodimer with KPNB1. Interacts with SRP19. Interacts with RPL23A. Binds directly to nuclear pore complexes.
messages: Involved in nuclear protein import, either by acting as autonomous nuclear transport receptor or as an adapter-like protein in association with the importin-beta subunit KPNB1. Acting autonomously, may serve as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) and promote translocation of import substrates through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran. The directionality of nuclear import is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. In vitro mediates the nuclear import of the signal recognition particle protein SRP19. May also be involved in cytoplasm-to-nucleus shuttling of a broad spectrum of other cargos, including Argonaute-microRNAs complexes, the JUN protein, RELA/NF-kappa-B p65 subunit, the translation initiation factor EIF4E and a set of receptor-activated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) transcription factors that play a critical role downstream of the large family of transforming growth factor beta and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) cytokines.
messages: Knockout animals present with reduced grip strength and diminished vertical activity. Progressive dilatation can be observed in the aortic root at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva and distal ascending aorta, and aneurysms of the distal ascending aorta are becoming visible at the age of 8-12 weeks. Generally, males are more severely affected, exhibiting larger aortas and experiencing dissection and/or rupture more frequently than females.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The regions from 407 to 653 were deduced from the genomic sequence and ESTs by similarity to the human sequence.

10090:Anxa11
gene id: 10090:Anxa11
uniprot id: P97384
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with S100A6. Interacts with PDCD6 in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with KIF23 during cytokinesis.
messages: Melanosome
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Required for midbody formation and completion of the terminal phase of cytokinesis (By similarity). Binds specifically to calcyclin in a calcium-dependent manner.
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: spindle

10090:Olfr476
gene id: 10090:Olfr476
uniprot id: Q8VGI4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Snph
gene id: 10090:Snph
uniprot id: Q80U23
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds to syntaxin-1.
messages: Inhibits SNARE complex formation by absorbing free syntaxin-1.
messages: Membrane
messages: synaptosome

10090:Ralgapa1
gene id: 10090:Ralgapa1
uniprot id: Q6GYP7
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Catalytic subunit of the heterodimeric RalGAP1 complex which acts as a GTPase activator for the Ras-like small GTPases RALA and RALB (By similarity). May interact with the HLH region of TCF3/isoform E12.
messages: Component of the heterodimeric RalGAP1 complex with RALGAPB. Heterodimerization is required for activity (By similarity). Interacts with the HLH region of TCF3/isoform E12.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed during embryogenesis. Expressed in the adult brain, particularly in neurons of the cortex and hippocampus.
messages: Expression decreased during development, but persists in the adult brain.
messages: May be a partial isoform 1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Was initially thought to act as a transcriptional regulator via its interaction with TCF3/E12.

10090:Rab5c
gene id: 10090:Rab5c
uniprot id: P35278
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with EEA1 and INCA1 (By similarity). Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHML and CHM; phosphorylation at Ser-85 disrupts this interaction (By similarity).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-85 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM, CHML and RAB GDP dissociation inhibitors GDI1 and GDI2.
messages: Protein transport. Probably involved in vesicular traffic.
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP.

10090:Rtn4r
gene id: 10090:Rtn4r
uniprot id: Q99PI8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Nogo receptor family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in embryonic hippocampus neurons (PubMed:22325200). Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:22406547). Detected in neurons in the neocortex, in hippocampus, dorsal thalamus, cerebellum granule cell layer and the mitral cell layer in the olfactory bulb (PubMed:15647357). Detected in brain, dorsal root ganglion and heart.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:29095159). Interacts with MAG (PubMed:12089450). Interacts with RTN4 (PubMed:15504325). Interacts with NGFR(PubMed:22923615). Interacts with LINGO1(PubMed:22923615). Interacts with KIAA0319L (By similarity). Interacts with OLFM1; this inhibits interaction with LINGO1 and NGFR (PubMed:22923615). Interacts with OMG (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357). They display subtle changes in exploratory behavior, manifest deficits in spatial working memory performance, and show impaired ability to stay on a rotarod (PubMed:15504325 and PubMed:19052207). Compared to wild-type littermates, cultured hippocampus neurons from mutant mice display an increased number of excitatory synapses (PubMed:22325200). Effects on neurite outgrowth are controversial and may depend on the mouse strain, cell type, and the experimental conditions (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357, PubMed:18411262, PubMed:19367338). Cultured neurons display impaired axon growth cone collapse in response to myelin, MAG and RTN4 (PubMed:15504325). Mutant cerebellar and dorsal root ganglion neurons show no decrease of the inhibition of neurite outgrowth by myelin or RTN4 (PubMed:15647357). Mutant cerebellar neurons display decreased inhibition of neurite outgrowth mediated by MAG and by cross-linking ganglioside GT1b (in vitro) (PubMed:18411262). Likewise, mutant sensory neurons show no decrease of the inhibition of neurite outgrowth by MAG (PubMed:19367338). Mutant mice have improved functional recovery and increased regeneration of rubrospinal and raphespinal fibers after spinal cord transection. Still, there is no regeneration of corticospinal fibers (PubMed:15504325, PubMed:15647357). Mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl2 display no visible phenotype (PubMed:19367338). Sensory neurons from mice lacking both Rtn4r and Rtn4rl2 show moderately decreased inhibition of neurite outgrowth by MAG (PubMed:19367338). Mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have no visible phenotype, are healthy and viable (PubMed:22406547). Mice with a triple gene disruption that lack Rtn4r, Rtn4rl1 and Rtn4rl2 have normal brain size and grossly normal brain anatomy, but display disruption of medial brain structures, including an absence of the fasciola c…
messages: N-glycosylated (PubMed:29095159). O-glycosylated. Contains terminal sialic acid groups on its glycan chains (By similarity).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Receptor for RTN4, OMG and MAG (PubMed:11201742, PubMed:12089450, PubMed:15504325, PubMed:18411262, PubMed:22923615). Functions as receptor for the sialylated gangliosides GT1b and GM1 (PubMed:18411262). Besides, functions as receptor for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (PubMed:22406547). Can also bind heparin (PubMed:22406547). Intracellular signaling cascades are triggered via the coreceptor NGFR (By similarity). Signaling mediates activation of Rho and downstream reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:22325200). Mediates axonal growth inhibition (By similarity). Mediates axonal growth inhibition and plays a role in regulating axon regeneration and neuronal plasticity in the adult central nervous system (PubMed:11201742, PubMed:12089450, PubMed:15504325, PubMed:22923615). Plays a role in postnatal brain development (PubMed:27339102). Required for normal axon migration across the brain midline and normal formation of the corpus callosum (PubMed:27339102). Protects motoneurons against apoptosis; protection against apoptosis is probably mediated via interaction with MAG (PubMed:26335717). Acts in conjunction with RTN4 and LINGO1 in regulating neuronal precursor cell motility during cortical development (PubMed:20093372). Like other family members, plays a role in restricting the number dendritic spines and the number of synapses that are formed during brain development (PubMed:22325200).
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Pnck
gene id: 10090:Pnck
uniprot id: Q3TYC1
uniprot id: Q3UYI0
uniprot id: Q9QYK9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CaMK subfamily.
messages: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase belonging to a proposed calcium-triggered signaling cascade. In vitro phosphorylates CREB1 and SYN1/synapsin I. Phosphorylates and activates CAMK1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryogenesis detected at 10 dpc and expression gradually increases thereafter. Expressed mainly in the nervous system, including brain, spinal cord, trigeminal ganglion, and retina. Within the CNS detected in the mantle zone, but not in the ventricular zone. Detected at postnatal day 23 with highest levels in mesencephalon. Also expressed in developing bone and gut.
messages: Expressed at highest levels in adult brain, and expressed in embryo. In the adult brain detected at high levels in the anterior olfactory nuclei, piriform cortex, septal nuclei, bed nuclei of the stria terminalis, hippocampal pyramidal cells, dentate granule cells, amygdala, hypothalamic nuclei, parabrachial nucleus, and nucleus of the solitary tract. Expressed at lower levels in adult ovary and heart and at very low levels in testis, lung and muscle.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1128
gene id: 10090:Olfr1128
uniprot id: Q7TR47
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rps15a
gene id: 10090:Rps15a
uniprot id: P62245
uniprot id: Q5M9M4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS8 family.
messages: Component of the 40S ribosomal subunit.
messages: Structural component of the ribosome. Required for proper erythropoiesis.

10090:Etl4
gene id: 10090:Etl4
uniprot id: A2AQ25
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed predominantly in the notochord and mesonephros during embryogenesis as well as in other areas such as the epithalamus sulcus, lens vesicle, inner retinal layer, heart, hepatic primordial surface, infundibulum, surface ectoderm, hind gut and limb bud mesenchyme. In adults, expressed in a range of tissues including the nucleus pulposus, corpus callosum, kidney, cardiac muscle, Sertoli cells and hair follicles.
messages: Interacts with CPNE4 (via VWFA domain) (PubMed:12522145).
messages: Mice display a kinky-tail phenotype in about half of homozygotes with defects in the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of intertebral disks. Shortening and curving of caudal vertebrae 20-25 is apparent by the age of 2 weeks.
messages: Required for normal development of intervertebral disks.
messages: centrosome

10090:Ntsr2
gene id: 10090:Ntsr2
uniprot id: P70310
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Neurotensin receptor subfamily. NTSR2 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed maximally in the cerebellum, hippocampus, piriform cortex and neocortex of adult brain.
messages: Expressed poorly in 7-day-old brain. Expression increases at day 15 to reach a maximal level in 35-day-old brain.
messages: Receptor for the tridecapeptide neurotensin. It is associated with G proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

10090:Babam1
gene id: 10090:Babam1
uniprot id: Q3UI43
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BABAM1 family.
messages: Component of the ARISC complex, at least composed of UIMC1/RAP80, ABRAXAS1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Component of the BRCA1-A complex, at least composed of BRCA1, BARD1, UIMC1/RAP80, ABRAXAS1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. In the BRCA1-A complex, interacts directly with ABRAXAS1 and BABAM2. Component of the BRISC complex, at least composed of ABRAXAS2, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Identified in a complex with SHMT2 and the other subunits of the BRISC complex.
messages: Component of the BRCA1-A complex, a complex that specifically recognizes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesions sites, leading to target the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer to sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs). The BRCA1-A complex also possesses deubiquitinase activity that specifically removes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin on histones H2A and H2AX. In the BRCA1-A complex, it is required for the complex integrity and its localization at DSBs. Component of the BRISC complex, a multiprotein complex that specifically cleaves 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin in various substrates. In these 2 complexes, it is probably required to maintain the stability of BABAM2 and help the 'Lys-63'-linked deubiquitinase activity mediated by BRCC3/BRCC36 component. The BRISC complex is required for normal mitotic spindle assembly and microtubule attachment to kinetochores via its role in deubiquitinating NUMA1. Plays a role in interferon signaling via its role in the deubiquitination of the interferon receptor IFNAR1; deubiquitination increases IFNAR1 activity by enhancing its stability and cell surface expression. Down-regulates the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via its role in IFNAR1 deubiquitination.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The VWFA-like region is similar to the VWFA domain. Its presence reveals similarities between the structure of the 19S proteasome and the BRCA1-A complexes.

10090:B3gntl1
gene id: 10090:B3gntl1
uniprot id: Q3U129
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
messages: Putative glycosyltransferase.

10090:Pwwp2b
gene id: 10090:Pwwp2b
uniprot id: E9Q9M8
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromatin-binding protein that acts as an adapter between distinct nucleosome components (H3K36me3 or H2A.Z) and chromatin-modifying complexes, contributing to the regulation of the levels of histone acetylation at actively transcribed genes (PubMed:30228260). Competes with CHD4 and MBD3 for interaction with MTA1 to form a NuRD subcomplex, preventing the formation of full NuRD complex (containing CHD4 and MBD3), leading to recruitment of HDACs to gene promoters resulting in turn in the deacetylation of nearby H3K27 and H2A.Z (By similarity). Plays a role in facilitating transcriptional elongation through regulation of histone acetylation (PubMed:30228260). Negatively regulates brown adipocyte thermogenesis by interacting with and stabilizing HDAC1 at the UCP1 gene promoter, thereby promoting histone deacetylation at the promoter leading to the repression of UCP1 expression (PubMed:34180153).
messages: Component of a MTA1-specific subcomplex of the NuRD complex composed of PWWP2B, MTA1 and HDAC1 but does not contain CHD4 and MBD3 (By similarity). Interacts with MTA1, MTA2, MTA3, HDAC1, HDAC2, RBBP4, RBBP7, BRCC3 and ZNF516 (PubMed:34180153). Does not interact with CHD4 and MBD3 (By similarity).
messages: Deubiquitinated by BRCC3; leading to its stabilization.
messages: Expressed in the brown adipose tissue.
messages: Induced in response to cold.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lrp11
gene id: 10090:Lrp11
uniprot id: Q8CB67
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the LDLR family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc35f2
gene id: 10090:Slc35f2
uniprot id: Q7TML3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLC35F solute transporter family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative solute transporter.

10090:Dmd
gene id: 10090:Dmd
uniprot id: P11531
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Anchors the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton via F-actin. Ligand for dystroglycan. Component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex which accumulates at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and at a variety of synapses in the peripheral and central nervous systems and has a structural function in stabilizing the sarcolemma. Also implicated in signaling events and synaptic transmission.
messages: Detected in quadriceps muscle and in sciatic nerve (at protein level) (PubMed:11430802). Differentially expressed during skeletal muscle, heart, and brain development. Also expressed in retina (PubMed:7633443).
messages: Interacts with SYNM (PubMed:16777071). Interacts with the syntrophins SNTG1 and SNTG2. Interacts with KRT19. Component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex which is composed of three subcomplexes: a cytoplasmic complex comprised of DMD (or UTRN), DTNA and a number of syntrophins, such as SNTB1, SNTB2, SNTG1 and SNTG2, the transmembrane dystroglycan complex, and the sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex. Interacts with DAG1 (betaDAG1) with DMD; the interaction is inhibited by phosphorylation on the PPXY motif of DAG1 (By similarity). Interacts with SYNM; SNTA1 and SNTB1. Interacts with CMYA5 (PubMed:20634290). Directly interacts with ANK2 and ANK3; these interactions do not interfere with betaDAG1-binding and are necessary for proper localization in muscle cells (PubMed:19109891). Identified in a dystroglycan complex that contains at least PRX, DRP2, UTRN, DMD and DAG1 (PubMed:11430802). Interacts with DTNB (PubMed:10893187). Interacts with PGM5; the interaction is direct (PubMed:7890770).
messages: Mutant mice show reduced contractile force compared to wild-types, at least for soleus muscle. They have decreased motor activity levels after exercise, increased muscle permeability and fibrosis with impaired regeneration (PubMed:28498977). MEGF10 and DMD double knockout animals have pronounced fiber size variability and intracellular inclusions in the quadriceps femoris with extensive endomysial connective tissue infiltration. Mice develop muscle weakness, kyphosis and a waddling gait. At 2 months of age, they have reduced contractile force compared to wild-type mice. They display reduced motor activity after exercise and they walk shorter distances than wild-type. They have a delayed regeneration after muscle injury and an aberrant muscle fiber typing and cross-sectional areas (PubMed:28498977).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Kdm5a
gene id: 10090:Kdm5a
uniprot id: Q3UXZ9
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JARID1 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-9', H3 'Lys-27', H3 'Lys-36', H3 'Lys-79' or H4 'Lys-20'. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 'Lys-4' (PubMed:17320161, PubMed:17320163). Regulates specific gene transcription through DNA-binding on 5'-CCGCCC-3' motif. May stimulate transcription mediated by nuclear receptors. Involved in transcriptional regulation of Hox proteins during cell differentiation (By similarity). May participate in transcriptional repression of cytokines such as CXCL12. Plays a role in the regulation of the circadian rhythm and in maintaining the normal periodicity of the circadian clock. In a histone demethylase-independent manner, acts as a coactivator of the CLOCK-BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER1/2 and other clock-controlled genes and increases histone acetylation at PER1/2 promoters by inhibiting the activity of HDAC1 (PubMed:21960634). Seems to act as a transcriptional corepressor for some genes such as MT1F and to favor the proliferation of cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with RB1, ESR1, MYC, MYCN and LMO2 (By similarity). Interacts with SUZ12; the interaction is direct (PubMed:20064375). Interacts with BMAL1 and CLOCK (PubMed:21960634). Interacts with HDAC1; this interaction impairs histone deacetylation by HDAC1 (PubMed:21960634). Interacts (via PHD-type 1 zinc finger) with histone H3 unmodified at 'Lys-4' and (via PHD-type 3 zinc finger) with histone H3 di- and trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (By similarity).
messages: Mice are grossly normal, except that they exhibit behavioral abnormalities when held upside down by the tail, and slight hematological defects.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The GSGFP motif is required for the interaction with SUZ12 (PubMed:20064375). The ARID domain specifically binds to the CCGCCC motif and is required for the lysine-specific histone demethylase activity. The PHD-type 3 zinc finger is required for the interaction with histone H3 di- and trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Spata7
gene id: 10090:Spata7
uniprot id: Q80VP2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:19268277, PubMed:29100828, PubMed:29899041). Expressed in the choroid region and retinal pigment endothelium, within the photoreceptor layer (at protein level) (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29100828, PubMed:29899041).
messages: Found in a complex with CFAP410, NEK1 and SPATA7 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK1 (By similarity). Interacts with RPGRIP1 (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29899041). Interacts with RPGR (PubMed:29899041). Interacts with NPHP4 (PubMed:29899041). Interacts with NPHP1 (PubMed:29899041). Interacts with AHI1 (PubMed:29899041).
messages: Involved in the maintenance of both rod and cone photoreceptor cells (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29100828, PubMed:29899041). Required for photoreceptor-specific localization of proximal connecting cilium (CC) proteins RPGR, AHI1, NPHP1, NPHP4, and RPGRIP1 at the distal CC, a photoreceptor-specific extension of the primary cilium transition zone (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29100828, PubMed:29899041). Maintenance of protein localization at the photoreceptor-specific distal CC is essential for normal microtubule stability and to prevent photoreceptor degeneration (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29899041).
messages: Viable and fertile with no gross morphological abnormalities (PubMed:25398945). Knockout mice show severe early-onset retinal defects and progressive photoreceptor cell degeneration (PubMed:25398945). Significant and progressive reduction in response to light, accompanied by progressive thinning of the outer nuclear layer from P15 to 7 months, loss of Spata7-interacting proteins at the distal CC, and destabilization of the photoreceptor distal connecting cilium (CC) microtubule core (PubMed:25398945, PubMed:29899041). Impaired trafficking of photoreceptor proteins between the inner and outer nuclear segments resulting in loss of photoreceptor-specific protein localization at the distal CC (PubMed:25398945). Conditional knockdown of Spata7 in the retina shows an indistinguishable phenotype from knockout mice (PubMed:29100828). Electroretinogram (ERG) recordings show a significant and progressive reduction in response to light under scotopic (dark-adapted) and photopic (light-adapted) conditions (PubMed:29100828). Amplitude of both a-wave and b-wave responses is reduced indicating defects in both rod and cone type photoreceptors (PubMed:29100828).
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Ccnd1
gene id: 10090:Ccnd1
uniprot id: P25322
uniprot id: Q790L7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclin family. Cyclin D subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with either CDK4 or CDK6 protein kinase to form a serine/threonine kinase holoenzyme complex. The cyclin subunit imparts substrate specificity to the complex. Component of the ternary complex CCND1/CDK4/CDKN1B required for nuclear translocation and modulation of CDK4-mediated kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts directly with CDKN1B (PubMed:8534916, PubMed:19767775). Can form similar complexes with either CDKN1A or CDKN2A (PubMed:8534916). Interacts with FBXO4 (PubMed:17081987). Interacts with UHRF2; the interaction ubiquitinates CCND1 and appears to occur independently of phosphorylation. Interacts with USP2. Interacts (via cyclin N-terminal domain) with INSM1 (via N-terminal region); the interaction competes with the binding of CCND1 to CDK4 during cell cycle progression and inhibits CDK4 activity. Interacts with CDK4; the interaction is prevented with the binding of CCND1 to INSM1 during cell cycle progression (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-286 by MAP kinases is required for ubiquitination and degradation by the DCX(AMBRA1) complex (By similarity). It also plays an essential role for recognition by the FBXO31 component of SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex following DNA damage (By similarity).
messages: Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. Also a substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity. Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D1/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Exhibits transcriptional corepressor activity with INSM1 on the NEUROD1 and INS promoters in a cell cycle-independent manner.
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-269 by the DCX(AMBRA1) complex during the transition from G1 to S cell phase, leading to its degradation: ubiquitination is dependent on Thr-286 phosphorylation (PubMed:33854232). The DCX(AMBRA1) complex represents the major regulator of CCND1 stability during the G1/S transition (PubMed:33854232). Also ubiquitinated by a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing FBXO4 and CRYAB (PubMed:17081987, PubMed:19767775). Following DNA damage it is ubiquitinated by some SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) protein ligase complex containing FBXO31. SCF-type ubiquitination is dependent on Thr-286 phosphorylation. Ubiquitinated also by UHRF2 apparently in a phosphorylation-independent manner. Ubiquitination leads to its degradation and G1 arrest. Deubiquitinated by USP2; leading to its stabilization (By similarity).

10090:Olfr491
gene id: 10090:Olfr491
uniprot id: Q8VG06
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Smim18
gene id: 10090:Smim18
uniprot id: J3QNP2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Epdr1
gene id: 10090:Epdr1
uniprot id: Q99M71
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ependymin family.
messages: Binds anionic lipids and gangliosides at acidic pH.
messages: Detected in brain, small intestine and in soleus, extensor digitorum longus and white gastrocnemius (at protein level) (PubMed:16954209). Detected in brain and skeletal muscle, and at lower leavels in heart (PubMed:11749721).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lysosome lumen
messages: N-glycosylated; the glycan contains mannose-6-phosphate moieties.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gbp2
gene id: 10090:Gbp2
uniprot id: Q9Z0E6
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: By IFNG/IFN-gamma and IFNB1/IFN-beta (PubMed:9862701, PubMed:18025219). Up-regulated upon infection by T.gondii or L.monocytogenes (PubMed:18025219).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer; homodimerization occurs upon GTP-binding and is required for the association with membranous structures. Heterodimer with other family members, including GBP1, GBP3, GBP4 and GBP5.
messages: Hydrolyzes GTP to GMP in 2 consecutive cleavage reactions, but the major reaction product is GDP (By similarity). Exhibits antiviral activity against influenza virus. Promotes oxidative killing and delivers antimicrobial peptides to autophagolysosomes, providing broad host protection against different pathogen classes (By similarity). Confers protection to the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii (PubMed:18025219).
messages: Isoprenylation is required for proper subcellular location.
messages: Membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Tmem11
gene id: 10090:Tmem11
uniprot id: E9Q933
uniprot id: Q8BK08
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and QIL1/MIC13. This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1, MTX2 and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9. Interacts with IMMT/MIC60.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM11 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Plays a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis.

10090:Olfr152
gene id: 10090:Olfr152
uniprot id: G3X9L8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Brca1
gene id: 10090:Brca1
uniprot id: P48754
uniprot id: Q6NV63
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated, undergoes 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitination. 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitination does not promote degradation.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that specifically mediates the formation of 'Lys-6'-linked polyubiquitin chains and plays a central role in DNA repair by facilitating cellular responses to DNA damage. It is unclear whether it also mediates the formation of other types of polyubiquitin chains. The BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer coordinates a diverse range of cellular pathways such as DNA damage repair, ubiquitination and transcriptional regulation to maintain genomic stability. Regulates centrosomal microtubule nucleation. Required for appropriate cell cycle arrests after ionizing irradiation in both the S-phase and the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Required for FANCD2 targeting to sites of DNA damage. Inhibits lipid synthesis by binding to inactive phosphorylated ACACA and preventing its dephosphorylation. Contributes to homologous recombination repair (HRR) via its direct interaction with PALB2, fine-tunes recombinational repair partly through its modulatory role in the PALB2-dependent loading of BRCA2-RAD51 repair machinery at DNA breaks. Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex which regulates CHEK1 activation and controls cell cycle G2/M checkpoints on DNA damage via BRCA1-mediated ubiquitination of RBBP8. Acts as a transcriptional activator.
messages: Heterodimer with BARD1. Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the MRE11-RAD50-NBN protein (MRN) complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. Component of the BRCA1-A complex, at least composed of BRCA1, BARD1, UIMC1/RAP80, ABRAXAS1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form); this is important for recruitment to sites of DNA damage. Can form a heterotetramer with two molecules of ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form). Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with RBBP8 ('Ser-327' phosphorylated form); the interaction ubiquitinates RBBP8, regulates CHEK1 activation, and involves RBBP8 in BRCA1-dependent G2/M checkpoint control on DNA damage. Associates with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Interacts with SMC1A, NELFB, DCLRE1C, CLSPN. CHEK1, CHEK2, BAP1, BRCC3, UBXN1 and PCLAF. Interacts (via BRCT domains) with BRIP1 (phosphorylated form). Interacts with FANCD2 (ubiquitinated form). Interacts with H2AX (phosphorylated on 'Ser-140'). Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ACACA (phosphorylated form); the interaction prevents dephosphorylation of ACACA. Part of a BRCA complex containing BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2. Interacts directly with PALB2; the interaction is essential for its function in HRR. Interacts directly with BRCA2; the interaction occurs only in the presence of PALB2 which serves as the bridging protein. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with LMO4; the interaction represses the transcriptional activity of BRCA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with CCAR2 (via N-terminus); the interaction represses the transcriptional activator activity of BRCA1 (By similarity). Interacts with EXD2 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with DHX9; this interaction is direct and links BRCA1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme (By simila…
messages: Heterodimer with BARD1. Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the MRE11-RAD50-NBN protein (MRN) complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. Component of the BRCA1-A complex, at least composed of BRCA1, BARD1, UIMC1/RAP80, ABRAXAS1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BABAM2 and BABAM1/NBA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form); this is important for recruitment to sites of DNA damage. Can form a heterotetramer with two molecules of ABRAXAS1 (phosphorylated form). Component of the BRCA1-RBBP8 complex. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with RBBP8 ('Ser-327' phosphorylated form); the interaction ubiquitinates RBBP8, regulates CHEK1 activation, and involves RBBP8 in BRCA1-dependent G2/M checkpoint control on DNA damage. Associates with RNA polymerase II holoenzyme. Interacts with SMC1A, NELFB, DCLRE1C, CLSPN. CHEK1, CHEK2, BAP1, BRCC3, UBXN1 and PCLAF. Interacts (via BRCT domains) with BRIP1 (phosphorylated form). Interacts with FANCD2 (ubiquitinated form). Interacts with H2AX (phosphorylated on 'Ser-140'). Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with ACACA (phosphorylated form); the interaction prevents dephosphorylation of ACACA. Part of a BRCA complex containing BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2. Interacts directly with PALB2; the interaction is essential for its function in HRR. Interacts directly with BRCA2; the interaction occurs only in the presence of PALB2 which serves as the bridging protein. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with LMO4; the interaction represses the transcriptional activity of BRCA1. Interacts (via the BRCT domains) with CCAR2 (via N-terminus); the interaction represses the transcriptional activator activity of BRCA1. Interacts with EXD2. Interacts (via C-terminus) with DHX9; this interaction is direct and links BRCA1 to the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme.
messages: In the embryo, expressed in otic vesicles at day 9.5. At day 10.5, this expression decreases and high levels are found in the neuroectoderm. At days 11-12.5, high levels in differentiating keratinocytes and whisker pad primordia. At days 14-17, expression also observed in kidney epithelial cells. In the adult, highest levels found in spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, epithelial organs, and alveolar and ductal epithelial cells of the mammary gland. Very low levels in brain, kidney, and skin. No expression in heart, liver or lung.
messages: In the mammary gland, expression increases dramatically during pregnancy. Levels fall during lactation and increase again during post-lactational regression of the mammary gland.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated in response to IR, UV, and various stimuli that cause checkpoint activation, probably by ATM or ATR. Phosphorylation at Ser-971 by CHEK2 regulates mitotic spindle assembly. Phosphorylation by AURKA regulates centrosomal microtubule nucleation.
messages: The BRCT domains recognize and bind phosphorylated pSXXF motif on proteins. The interaction with the phosphorylated pSXXF motif of ABRAXAS1, recruits BRCA1 at DNA damage sites.
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain interacts with BAP1.

10090:Dynlt1b
gene id: 10090:Dynlt1b
uniprot id: P51807
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia (By similarity). May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Plays an important role in male germ cell development and function. Candidate for involvement in male sterility.
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First abundantly expressed at the pachytene stage of meiosis and persists throughout spermatogenesis.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: High level in testis (germ cell-specific). Expressed in sperm (at protein level). 200-fold lower in liver, brain, heart, spleen, and kidney. Levels in thymus and two embryonal carcinoma cell lines were several-fold higher than this low constitutive level.
messages: Homodimer (Probable). The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with RHO (By similarity). Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with DOC2A, DOC2B and SCN10A. Interacts with PVR. Interacts with SVIL isoform 2. Interacts with GNB1; the interaction occurs in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma; the interaction diminishes the association of DYNLT1 with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Interacts with GNB2, GNB3 and GNB5; the interactions occur in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma. Interacts with ACVR2B and ARHGEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with DNAI4 (PubMed:30060180).
messages: Phosphorylated by BMPR2. The phosphorylation status is proposed to regulate the association with the cytoplasmic dynein complex and may have role in cytoplasmic dynein cargo release (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in neuronal morphogenesis; the function is independent of cytoplasmic dynein and seems to be coupled to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by enhancing Rac1 activity. The function in neurogenesis may be regulated by association with a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. May function as a receptor-independent activator of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling; the activation appears to be independent of a nucleotide exchange. Plays a role in regulating neurogenesis; inhibits the genesis of neurons from precursor cells during cortical development presumably by antagonizing ARHGEF2. Unrelated to the role in retrograde microtubule-associated movement may play a role in the dimerization of cytoplasmic proteins/domains such as for ACVR2B. Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of ACVR2B and, in vitro, inhibits ACVR2B signaling. Involved in the regulation of mitotic spindle orientation.
messages: spindle

10090:Rad18
gene id: 10090:Rad18
uniprot id: E9Q392
uniprot id: Q8CDH2
uniprot id: Q8CED3
uniprot id: Q9QXK2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RAD18 family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase involved in postreplication repair of UV-damaged DNA. Postreplication repair functions in gap-filling of a daughter strand on replication of damaged DNA. Associates to the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme UBE2B to form the UBE2B-RAD18 ubiquitin ligase complex involved in mono-ubiquitination of DNA-associated PCNA on 'Lys-164'. Has ssDNA binding activity.
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, brain, and ovary.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with UBE2A and UBE2B, one homodimer binding one molecule of UBE2B. Interacts with HLTF. Interacts with SHPRH. Interacts with SPRTN; leading to enhance chromatin association of RAD18 and RAD18-mediated PCNA ubiquitination and translesion DNA synthesis. Interacts (via C-terminus and phosphorylated form) with SLF1 (via BRCT domains); this interaction is required for efficient repair of UV-induced DNA damage. Interacts with SLF2. Interacts with SMC5; this interaction is increased in a SLF1 or SLF2-dependent manner.
messages: Nucleus
messages: centrosome

10090:Bloc1s6
gene id: 10090:Bloc1s6
uniprot id: Q9R0C0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BLOC1S6 family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. May play a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking, particularly in the vesicle-docking and fusion process.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Pldn are the cause of the pallid (pa) phenotype that is characterized by an altered formation or function of intracellular storage granules in melanocytes, platelets, and lysosomes in kidney. Pallid mice have a prolonged bleeding time owing to the inability of immature platelet dense granules to accumulate normal amounts of ATP, ADP, and serotonin. Pa animals also suffer from pigment dilution, kidney lysosomal enzyme elevation and serum alpha1-antitrypsin activity deficiency. Finally, pallid mice exhibit defects in otolith formation that lead to balance abnormalities.
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney and spleen (at protein level). Ubiquitously expressed, with the highest expression levels observed in brain, heart, liver and kidney.
messages: May be due to a competing acceptor splice site.
messages: May be due to exon 2 skipping.
messages: Membrane
messages: Octamer composed of one copy each BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. Interacts with SNAP47 (By similarity). Homodimer. Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1) composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. Interacts with BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7, F-actin, SNAP25 isoform 1 and STX12.
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Gtf2e1
gene id: 10090:Gtf2e1
uniprot id: Q9D0D5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIE alpha subunit family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and stimulates the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain kinase and DNA-dependent ATPase activities of TFIIH. Both TFIIH and TFIIE are required for promoter clearance by RNA polymerase.
messages: Tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains. Interacts with TAF6/TAFII80. Interacts with ATF7IP. Interacts with SND1.

10090:Bmp2
gene id: 10090:Bmp2
uniprot id: P21274
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Can also signal through non-canonical pathways such as ERK/MAP kinase signaling cascade that regulates osteoblast differentiation. Stimulates also the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A-ATF4 pathway by stimulating EIF2A phosphorylation which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Heterozygous BMP2-knockout mice show abnormal numbers of rib pairs, a reduction in overall body length, and less bone mineral content and volume than wild-type mice. Homozygous BMP2-knockout mice die before embryonic day 12.5.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with SOSTDC1 (By similarity). Interacts with GREM2, RGMA, RGMB and RGMC. Interacts with ASPN (By similarity). Interacts with MAFP5 (By similarity). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain) and FBN2. Interacts with type I receptor BMPR1A. Interacts with type II receptor BMPR2 (By similarity). Interacts with SCUBE3 (By similarity). Interacts with TNFAIP6 (primarily via Link domain); this interaction is inhibited by hyaluronan.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pde1c
gene id: 10090:Pde1c
uniprot id: A0A0N4SWG4
uniprot id: A0A5F8MPG4
uniprot id: E9Q7V6
uniprot id: Q3USZ6
uniprot id: Q5D0E7
uniprot id: Q64338
uniprot id: Q8CDV2
uniprot id: Q9D5W0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 2 has a preference for magnesium ions.
messages: Calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual specificity for cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes (PubMed:8810348). Exhibits high affinity for both cAMP and cGMP (By similarity). Modulates the amplitude and duration of the cAMP signal in sensory cilia in response to odorant stimulation, hence contributing to the generation of action potentials. Regulates smooth muscle cell proliferation. Regulates the stability of growth factor receptors, including PDGFRB (Probable).
messages: Exhibits a higher sensitivity to Ca(2+) stimulation than isoforms 1 and 2 (PubMed:8810348).
messages: Expressed at a moderate level in brain, the cerebellum, testis, heart and olfactory epithelium.
messages: Highly expressed in olfactory epithelium and at very low levels, if any, in other tissues (PubMed:8810348). In the cochlea, expressed in the inner and outer hair cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29860631). In the brain, highly expressed in the neurons of the granule layer of the cerebellum, some Purkinje cells, the central amygdaloid nucleus, and the interpolar spinal trigem nucleus and, at moderate levels, in the glomerular and external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb as well as in parts of the caudate-putamen and olfactory tubercle (PubMed:8810348).
messages: Highly expressed in testis and at moderate levels in heart.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Lysosome
messages: PDE1C4 and PDE1C5 isoforms differ at the level of the 3'-UTR.
messages: Type I PDE are activated by the binding of calmodulin in the presence of Ca(2+) (PubMed:8810348). Different splice variants may have different sensitivities to Ca(2+) (PubMed:8810348).

10090:Gjb5
gene id: 10090:Gjb5
uniprot id: Q02739
uniprot id: Q542M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Beta-type (group I) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in skin, much lower in testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: gap junction

10090:Krt7
gene id: 10090:Krt7
uniprot id: Q9DCV7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Arg-15 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Blocks interferon-dependent interphase and stimulates DNA synthesis in cells.
messages: Expressed in most simple epithelia tested including liver, lactating mammary gland, lung, kidney, stomach, duodenum, colon, oviduct, uterus, pancreas, epididymis, prostate, preputial gland and mesothelium, and in most stratified epithelia tested including dorsal skin, paw/toe, tail, tongue, cervix, forestomach, and bladder. Also expressed in Henle layer of the inner root sheath of whisker follicle.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins. Interacts with eukaryotic translation initiator factor 3 (eIF3) subunit EIF3S10. Interacts with GPER1 (By similarity).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).

10090:Irgq
gene id: 10090:Irgq
uniprot id: Q8VIM9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family.

10090:Slamf1
gene id: 10090:Slamf1
uniprot id: Q9QUM4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Involved in innate immune response against Gram-negative bacteria in macrophages; probably recognizes OmpC and/or OmpF on the bacterial surface, regulates phagosome maturation and recruitment of the PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) leading to accumulated of PdtIns(3)P and NOX2 activity in the phagosomes (PubMed:20818396, PubMed:22493499).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with SH2D1A and SH2D1B; SH2D1A mediates association with FYN; SH2D1A binds to phosphorylated and not phosphorylated ITSM 1 (PubMed:9774102, PubMed:16847311, PubMed:11477403.) Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain phosphorylated on tyrosine residues) with INPP5D and PTPN11; presence of SH2D1A facilitates binding to INPP5D (By similarity). Interacts with MAP4K1 (By similarity). Interacts with PIK3C3, BECN1 and UVRAG; indicative for an association with PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) (PubMed:22493499).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FYN (By similarity).
messages: Self-ligand receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2. SLAMF1-induced signal-transduction events in T-lymphocytes are different from those in B-cells. Two modes of SLAMF1 signaling seem to exist: one depending on SH2D1A (and perhaps SH2D1B) and another in which protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTPN11)-dependent signal transduction operates. Initially it has been proposed that association with SH2D1A prevents binding to inhibitory effectors including INPP5D/SHIP1 and PTPN11/SHP-2 (By similarity). However, signaling is also regulated by SH2D1A which can simultaneously interact with and recruit FYN which subsequently phosphorylates and activates SLAMF1 (By similarity). Mediates IL-2-independent proliferation of activated T-cells during immune responses and induces IFN-gamma production (PubMed:9126961, PubMed:12351401). Downstreaming signaling involves INPP5D, DOK1 and DOK2 leading to inhibited IFN-gamma production in T-cells, and PRKCQ, BCL10 and NFKB1 leading to increased T-cell activation and Th2 cytokine production (PubMed:11477403, PubMed:16847311, PubMed:15539155). Promotes T-cell receptor-induced IL-4 secretion by CD4(+) cells (PubMed:15123745). Inhibits antigen receptor-mediated production of IFN-gamma, but not IL-2, in CD4(-)/CD8(-) T-cells (PubMed:11477403). Required for IL-4 production by germinal centers T follicular helper (T(Fh))cells (PubMed:20525889). May inhibit CD40-induced signal transduction in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (By similarity). May play a role in allergic responses and may regulate allergen-induced Th2 cytokine and Th1 cytokine sec…
messages: The ITSMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifs) with the consensus sequence T-X-Y-X-X-[VI] present in SLAM family receptors have overlapping specificity for activating and inhibitory SH2 domain-containing binding partners. Especially they mediate the interaction with the SH2 domain of SH2D1A and SH2D1B. For SLAMF1 a 'two-out-of-three-pronged' mechanism is proposed involving threonine (position -2), phosphorylated tyrosine (position 0) and valine/isoleucine (position +3). Binding is mediated by either three 'prongs' (for high affinity binding involving ITSM 1) or a combination of any two also including non-phosphorylated Tyr-288 of ITSM 1 thus providing a positive feedback loop implicating SH2D1A-dependent recruitment of activating FYN. ITSM 2 needs to be phosphorylated on Tyr-335 for SH2D1A binding.

10090:Fgf1
gene id: 10090:Fgf1
uniprot id: P61148
uniprot id: Q6ZWS1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In the nucleus, phosphorylated by PKC/PRKCD.
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3 and FGFR4. Affinity between fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors is increased by heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans that function as coreceptors. Found in a complex with FGFBP1, FGF1 and FGF2. Interacts with FGFBP1. Part of a Cu(2+)-dependent multiprotein aggregate containing FGF1, S100A13 and SYT1. Interacts with SYT1. Interacts with S100A13 (By similarity). Interacts with LRRC59 (By similarity). Interacts with CSNKA, CSNKB and FIBP (By similarity). While binding with LRRC59, CSNKA and FIBP seem mutually exclusive, CSNKB and FIBP may cooperatively interact with FGF1. Forms a ternary complex with FGFR1 and ITGAV:ITGB3 and induces the recruitment of PTPN11 to the complex (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as potent mitogen in vitro. Acts as a ligand for FGFR1 and integrins. Binds to FGFR1 in the presence of heparin leading to FGFR1 dimerization and activation via sequential autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues which act as docking sites for interacting proteins, leading to the activation of several signaling cascades. Binds to integrin ITGAV:ITGB3. Its binding to integrin, subsequent ternary complex formation with integrin and FGFR1, and the recruitment of PTPN11 to the complex are essential for FGF1 signaling. Induces the phosphorylation and activation of FGFR1, FRS2, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1. Can induce angiogenesis.
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of cell survival, cell division, angiogenesis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Functions as potent mitogen in vitro. Acts as a ligand for FGFR1 and integrins. Binds to FGFR1 in the presence of heparin leading to FGFR1 dimerization and activation via sequential autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues which act as docking sites for interacting proteins, leading to the activation of several signaling cascades. Binds to integrins. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and FGFR1 are essential for FGF1 signaling.
messages: Secreted
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytosol

10090:Zscan25
gene id: 10090:Zscan25
uniprot id: B2RX31
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gm5169
gene id: 10090:Gm5169
uniprot id: Q5M8P2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Acaa1a
gene id: 10090:Acaa1a
uniprot id: Q921H8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Thiolase family.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts (via PTS2-type peroxisomal targeting signal region) with PEX7; leading to its translocation into peroxisomes.
messages: Mainly expressed in liver and intestine.
messages: Peroxisome
messages: Responsible for the thiolytic cleavage of straight chain 3-keto fatty acyl-CoAs (3-oxoacyl-CoAs) (Probable). Plays an important role in fatty acid peroxisomal beta-oxidation (Probable). Catalyzes the cleavage of short, medium, long, and very long straight chain 3-oxoacyl-CoAs (By similarity).
messages: The PTS2-type peroxisomal targeting signal, which mediates interaction with PEX7 and localization to peroxisomes, is cleaved following import into peroxisomes.

10090:Dmrtc1c1
gene id: 10090:Dmrtc1c1
uniprot id: Q14AJ8
uniprot id: Q9D410
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DMRT family.

10090:Cort
gene id: 10090:Cort
uniprot id: P56469
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatostatin family.
messages: Expressed in a subset of GABAergic cells in the cortex and hippocampus.
messages: Not induced by kainate.
messages: Secreted

10090:Sowaha
gene id: 10090:Sowaha
uniprot id: Q8BLS7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SOWAH family.

10090:Irx4
gene id: 10090:Irx4
uniprot id: Q9QY61
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TALE/IRO homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in the developing central nervous system, skin, and vibrissae, but predominantly expressed in the cardiac ventricles of the developing heart. Not expressed in the developing metanephric kidney or adult kidney.
messages: Interacts with the vitamin D receptor VDR but doesn't affect its transactivation activity.
messages: Likely to be an important mediator of ventricular differentiation during cardiac development.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sult1c2
gene id: 10090:Sult1c2
uniprot id: Q9D939
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in stomach and kidney.
messages: Lysosome
messages: Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfate conjugation. Sulfonates p-nitrophenol, a small phenolic compond (PubMed:12164856). Does not sulfonate steroids, dopamine, acetaminophen, or alpha-naphthol (PubMed:12164856).

10090:Angpt1
gene id: 10090:Angpt1
uniprot id: O08538
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds and activates TEK/TIE2 receptor by inducing its dimerization and tyrosine phosphorylation. Plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis, endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and cell spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, but also maintenance of vascular quiescence. Required for normal angiogenesis and heart development during embryogenesis. After birth, activates or inhibits angiogenesis, depending on the context. Inhibits angiogenesis and promotes vascular stability in quiescent vessels, where endothelial cells have tight contacts. In quiescent vessels, ANGPT1 oligomers recruit TEK to cell-cell contacts, forming complexes with TEK molecules from adjoining cells, and this leads to preferential activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascades. In migrating endothelial cells that lack cell-cell adhesions, ANGT1 recruits TEK to contacts with the extracellular matrix, leading to the formation of focal adhesion complexes, activation of PTK2/FAK and of the downstream kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1, and ultimately to the stimulation of sprouting angiogenesis. Mediates blood vessel maturation/stability. Implicated in endothelial developmental processes later and distinct from that of VEGF. Appears to play a crucial role in mediating reciprocal interactions between the endothelium and surrounding matrix and mesenchyme (By similarity).
messages: Early in development, at 9 dpc to 11 dpc, it is found most prominently in the heart myocardium surrounding the endocardium. Later, it becomes more widely distributed, most often in the mesenchyme surrounding developing vessels, in close association with endothelial cells.
messages: Embryonically lethal. Embryos die at about 12.5 dpc, due to important developmental defects of the endocardium and myocardium, plus generalized defects in vascular development.
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts with TEK/TIE2 (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Cfi
gene id: 10090:Cfi
uniprot id: Q61129
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: CFI-deficient mice are viable and fertile under specific pathogen-free conditions. In the absence of factor I/CFI, physiological cleavage of the alpha-chain of C3b is prevented, and reduced plasma C3, factor B, and factor H levels are observed.
messages: Expressed in the liver by hepatocytes. Also present in other cells such as monocytes, fibroblasts or keratinocytes.
messages: Heterodimer of a light and heavy chains; disulfide-linked. The fully processed and mature protein circulates as a zymogen, and is allosterically activated by substrate-induced remodeling of the active site. Interacts with C3b. Interacts with complement factor H.
messages: Trypsin-like serine protease that plays an essential role in regulating the immune response by controlling all complement pathways. Inhibits these pathways by cleaving three peptide bonds in the alpha-chain of C3b and two bonds in the alpha-chain of C4b thereby inactivating these proteins. Essential cofactors for these reactions include factor H and C4BP in the fluid phase and membrane cofactor protein/CD46 and CR1 on cell surfaces. The presence of these cofactors on healthy cells allows degradation of deposited C3b by CFI in order to prevent undesired complement activation, while in apoptotic cells or microbes, the absence of such cofactors leads to C3b-mediated complement activation and subsequent opsonization.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Vmn1r221
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r221
uniprot id: A0A494B935
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Drg1
gene id: 10090:Drg1
uniprot id: P32233
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class OBG-HflX-like GTPase superfamily. OBG GTPase family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of GTP to GDP through hydrolysis of the gamma-phosphate bond in GTP. Appears to have an intrinsic GTPase activity that is stimulated by ZC3H15/DFRP1 binding likely by increasing the affinity for the potassium ions. When hydroxylated at C-3 of 'Lys-22' by JMJD7, may bind to RNA and play a role in translation. Binds to microtubules and promotes microtubule polymerization and bundling that are required for mitotic spindle assembly during prophase to anaphase transition. GTPase activity is not necessary for these microtubule-related functions.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Fairly high levels in liver, heart, kidney, testis and brain. Very low levels in lung, spleen, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Hydroxylated (with S stereochemistry) at C-3 of Lys-22 by JMJD7.
messages: Interacts (via its C-terminal) with TAL1 (By similarity). Interacts with DFRP1/ZC3H15; this interaction prevents DRG1 poly-ubiquitination and degradation by proteasome. DRG1-DFRP1/ZC3H15 complex co-sediments with polysomes (By similarity) (PubMed:15676025). Interacts with STK16. Interacts with JMJD7 (By similarity).
messages: Its C-terminal domain interacts with TAL1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-100 by STK16.
messages: Polyubiquitinated; this modification induces proteolytic degradation and is impaired by interaction with ZC3H15.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the embryo and down-regulated during development.
messages: Sumoylated by UBE2I in response to MEKK1-mediated stimuli.
messages: The GTPase activity is enhanced by potassium ions as well as by DFRP1 binding.
messages: The ThrRS, GTPase, SpoT (TGS) domain is not necessary for GTP binding nor for the GTPase activity. It appears to play a regulatory role favoring GTP hydrolysis mediated by DFRP1/ZC3H15.

10090:Smim3
gene id: 10090:Smim3
uniprot id: Q99PE5
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Alg1
gene id: 10090:Alg1
uniprot id: Q921Q3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase group 1 family. Glycosyltransferase 33 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the addition of the first of nine mannose moieties to form a dolichol-lipid linked oligosaccharide intermediate required for proper N-linked glycosylation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane

10090:Vmn2r6
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r6
uniprot id: L7N478
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Birc7
gene id: 10090:Birc7
uniprot id: A2AWP0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptotic regulator capable of exerting proapoptotic and anti-apoptotic activities and plays crucial roles in apoptosis, cell proliferation, and cell cycle control. Its anti-apoptotic activity is mediated through the inhibition of CASP3, CASP7 and CASP9, as well as by its E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity. As it is a weak caspase inhibitor, its anti-apoptotic activity is thought to be due to its ability to ubiquitinate DIABLO/SMAC targeting it for degradation thereby promoting cell survival. May contribute to caspase inhibition, by blocking the ability of DIABLO/SMAC to disrupt XIAP/BIRC4-caspase interactions. Protects against apoptosis induced by TNF or by chemical agents such as adriamycin, etoposide or staurosporine. Suppression of apoptosis is mediated by activation of MAPK8/JNK1, and possibly also of MAPK9/JNK2. This activation depends on TAB1 and MAP3K7/TAK1. In vitro, inhibits CASP3 and proteolytic activation of pro-CASP9.
messages: Autoubiquitinated and undergoes proteasome-mediated degradation.
messages: Belongs to the IAP family.
messages: Binds to caspase-9. Interaction with DIABLO/SMAC via the BIR domain disrupts binding to caspase-9 and apoptotic suppressor activity. Interacts with TAB1. In vitro, interacts with caspase-3 and caspase-7 via its BIR domain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RING domain is essential for autoubiquitination.
messages: The truncated protein (tLivin) not only loses its anti-apoptotic effect but also acquires a pro-apoptotic effect.

10090:Mecr
gene id: 10090:Mecr
uniprot id: Q9DCS3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the zinc-containing alcohol dehydrogenase family. Quinone oxidoreductase subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of trans-2-enoyl thioesters in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (fatty acid synthesis type II). Fatty acid chain elongation in mitochondria uses acyl carrier protein (ACP) as an acyl group carrier, but the enzyme accepts both ACP and CoA thioesters as substrates in vitro. Displays a preference for medium-chain over short- and long-chain substrates (By similarity). May provide the octanoyl chain used for lipoic acid biosynthesis, regulating protein lipoylation and mitochondrial respiratory activity particularly in Purkinje cells (PubMed:30266742).
messages: Expressed in Purkinje cells (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homozygous deficiency causes placental insufficiency and embryonic lethality between 9.5 and 11.5 dpc.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Plk4
gene id: 10090:Plk4
uniprot id: Q64702
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation by KAT2A and KAT2B impairs kinase activity by shifting the kinase to an inactive conformation.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Cryptic POLO box 1 (CPB1) and Cryptic POLO box 2 (CPB2) domains can simultaneously bind to both TENT5C and CEP192.
messages: Death during embryogenesis. Embryos arrest after gastrulation at E7.5, with a marked increase in mitotic and apoptotic cells. Heterozygous mice are viable but show increased liver and lung cancers in elderly mice. Defects in heterozygous mice are associated with progressive cell cycle delays, increased spindle irregularities and accelerated hepatocellular carcinogenesis, probably due to increased centrosomal amplification, multipolar spindle formation and aneuploidy. The incidence of spontaneous.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:12352953). Interacts with CEP152 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with CEP78; this interaction may be important for proper PLK4 localization to the centriole and PLK4-induced overduplication of centrioles (By similarity). Interacts with CEP131 (By similarity). Interacts simultaneously with TENT5C and CEP192. Interacts with TENT5C; this interaction leads to the TENT5C recruitment in the centrosome (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a central role in centriole duplication. Able to trigger procentriole formation on the surface of the parental centriole cylinder, leading to the recruitment of centriole biogenesis proteins such as SASS6, CENPJ/CPAP, CCP110, CEP135 and gamma-tubulin. When overexpressed, it is able to induce centrosome amplification through the simultaneous generation of multiple procentrioles adjoining each parental centriole during S phase. Phosphorylates 'Ser-151' of FBXW5 during the G1/S transition, leading to inhibit FBXW5 ability to ubiquitinate SASS6. Its central role in centriole replication suggests a possible role in tumorigenesis, centrosome aberrations being frequently observed in tumors. Phosphorylates CDC25C and CHEK2. Also involved in deuterosome-mediated centriole amplification in multiciliated that can generate more than 100 centrioles. Also involved in trophoblast differentiation by phosphorylating HAND1, leading to disrupt the interaction between HAND1 and MDFIC and activate HAND1. Required for the recruitment of STIL to the centriole and for STIL-mediated centriole amplification (By similarity). Phosphorylates CEP131 at 'Ser-78' and PCM1 at 'Ser-372' which is essential for proper organization and integrity of centriolar satellites (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated by TEC.
messages: Ubiquitinated; leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: expressed in tissues associated with mitotic and meiotic cell division. Highly expressed in testis.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Fcmr
gene id: 10090:Fcmr
uniprot id: A1KXC4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in the immune system processes. Protects cells from FAS-, TNF alpha- and FADD-induced apoptosis without increasing expression of the inhibitors of apoptosis BCL2 and BCLXL. Seems to activate an inhibitory pathway that prevents CASP8 activation following FAS stimulation, rather than blocking apoptotic signals downstream. May inhibit FAS-induced apoptosis by preventing CASP8 processing through CFLAR up-regulation (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: The Ig-like domain is required for the anti-apoptotic ability.

10090:Xkr8
gene id: 10090:Xkr8
uniprot id: Q8C0T0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated upon caspase cleavage to generate the XK-related protein 8, processed form (By similarity). Does not act prior the onset of apoptosis (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the XK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Conditional knockout mice show defects in phosphatidylserine exposure following apoptosis, leading to defects in engulfment of apoptotic cells (PubMed:23845944, PubMed:29440417). Mice on the MRL background develop a lupus-like autoimmune disease caused by impaired clearance of apoptotic lymphocytes and aged neutrophils (PubMed:29440417). Male mice are infertile due to reduced sperm counts in their epididymides: defects are caused by inefficient clearance of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells in testes (PubMed:31712393).
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Interacts with BSG and NPTN; which act as chaperones to localize XKR8 at the cell membrane.
messages: Phospholipid scramblase that promotes phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface (PubMed:23845944, PubMed:25231987, PubMed:27503893, PubMed:29440417, PubMed:30718401). Phosphatidylserine is a specific marker only present at the surface of apoptotic cells and acts as a specific signal for engulfment (PubMed:23845944, PubMed:29440417, PubMed:30718401, PubMed:31712393). Required for the clearance of apoptotic cells, such as engulfment of apoptotic germ cells by Sertoli cells, clearance of senescent neutrophils or regulation of bipolar cell numbers in the retina (PubMed:30559640, PubMed:29440417, PubMed:31712393). Has no effect on calcium-induced exposure of phosphatidylserine (By similarity). Promotes myoblast differentiation and survival (PubMed:28881496).
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-375 activates the phospholipid scramblase activity.
messages: Undergoes proteolytic processing by caspase-3 (CASP3), leading to its activation.
messages: Widely expressed with higher expression in testis (PubMed:23845944). Expressed in the bone marrow and mononuclear leukocytes in the blood; highly expressed in thymocytes and lymphocytes (PubMed:29440417). Expressed in the mature retina (PubMed:30559640).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Pld3
gene id: 10090:Pld3
uniprot id: O35405
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 5'->3' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (PubMed:30111894). Regulates inflammatory cytokine responses via the degradation of nucleic acids, by reducing the concentration of ssDNA able to stimulate TLR9, a nucleotide-sensing receptor in collaboration with PLD4 (PubMed:30111894). May be important in myotube formation. Plays a role in lysosomal homeostasis. Involved in the regulation of endosomal protein sorting (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase D family.
messages: Deficient mice exhibit no altered phenotype except a exaggerated response of macrophages to TLR9 (PubMed:30111894). Morphology of PLD3-deficient brains does not reveal any major abnormalities but an altered lysosomal structure (PubMed:29386126). PDL3 and PLD4 double-deficient mice are unable to survive beyond the age of 21 days due to severe liver inflammation (PubMed:30111894). Livers from double-knockout mice develop lethal hepatic autoinflammatory disease that could be prevented by a single allele of either PDL3 or PLD4 (PubMed:30111894).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed at higher level in brain than in non-nervous tissue. Expressed in mature neurons of the forebrain and appears to be turned on at late stages of neurogenesis. Expressed during late neuronal development in the forebrain (PubMed:9813063). Expressed in the pyramidal neurons of the cortex and hippocampus (PubMed:28128235). Low expression in the cerebellum (PubMed:30312375).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with APP.
messages: It was initially thought that PDL3 has phospholipase D activity due to its HKD motifs. The second HKD motif contains Glu instead of the canonical Asp. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure. Catalytic phospholipase D activity is still controversial (PubMed:30312375, PubMed:9813063) (By similarity). Its closest homolog PLD4, exhibits no phospholipase activity (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome lumen
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Proteolytically processed to a soluble form that is stable within endosomes and lysosomes. During transport through the secretory pathway becomes proteolysed by cysteine proteases, thereby releasing a stable soluble lysosomal lumenal polypeptide, whereas the transmembrane-bound fragment is rapidly degraded. Its transport route to lysosomes involves ubiquitination and the ESCRT complex.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination mediates sorting into lysosomes.
messages: Up-regulated during myoblast differentiation into myotubes.

10090:Ptger2
gene id: 10090:Ptger2
uniprot id: Q543A9
uniprot id: Q62053
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The activity of this receptor is mediated by G(s) proteins that stimulate adenylate cyclase. The subsequent raise in intracellular cAMP is responsible for the relaxing effect of this receptor on smooth muscle.

10090:Serpinb1b
gene id: 10090:Serpinb1b
uniprot id: Q8VHP7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain with lower expression in lung, spleen and testis.
messages: Monomer. Interacts (via C-terminus) with CASP1 and CASP4 (via CARD domain); these interactions regulate the activity of inflammatory caspases.
messages: Regulates the activity of the neutrophil proteases. Forms only a stable complex with CTSG/Cathepsin G (PubMed:12189154). During inflammation, limits the activity of inflammatory caspases CASP1 and CASP4 by suppressing their caspase-recruitment domain (CARD) oligomerization and enzymatic activation (PubMed:30692621).

10090:Nek10
gene id: 10090:Nek10
uniprot id: Q3UGM2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. NEK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIMA subfamily.
messages: Expressed in the mammary gland, lung, spleen, and kidney.
messages: Interacts with RAF1 and MAP2K1; the interaction is direct with RAF1 and required for ERK1/2-signaling pathway activation in response to UV irradiation.
messages: Plays a role in the cellular response to UV irradiation. Mediates G2/M cell cycle arrest, MEK autoactivation and ERK1/2-signaling pathway activation in response to UV irradiation. In ciliated cells, it is involved in the regulation of mucociliary transport.

10090:Pde11a
gene id: 10090:Pde11a
uniprot id: P0C1Q2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Expressed in testis and developing spermatoza.
messages: Inhibited by 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), zaprinast and dipyridamole. cGMP acts as an allosteric activator (By similarity).
messages: Mice live well and have no impaired fertility. They do however display reduced sperm concentration, rate of forward progression and percentage of live spermatozoa. Pre-ejaculated sperm display increased premature/spontaneous capacitance.
messages: Plays a role in signal transduction by regulating the intracellular concentration of cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP (PubMed:15800654). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of both cAMP and cGMP to 5'-AMP and 5'-GMP, respectively (By similarity).
messages: The tandem GAF domains bind cGMP, and regulate enzyme activity. The binding of cGMP stimulates enzyme activity.
messages: cytosol

10090:Vmn1r123
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r123
uniprot id: L7N270
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Chpf
gene id: 10090:Chpf
uniprot id: Q6IQX7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the chondroitin N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Has both beta-1,3-glucuronic acid and beta-1,4-N-acetylgalactosamine transferase activity. Transfers glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) from UDP-GalNAc to the non-reducing end of the elongating chondroitin polymer. Seems to act as a specific activating factor for CHSY1 in chondroitin polymerization.
messages: Highest activities are measured with Mn(2+). Can also utilize Co(2+).
messages: Interacts with PRKN.
messages: Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed in brain (at protein level).
messages: May facilitate PRKN transport into the mitochondria. In collaboration with PRKN, may enhance cell viability and protect cells from oxidative stress.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: cytosol

10090:Serpina1b
gene id: 10090:Serpina1b
uniprot id: P22599
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Inhibitor of serine proteases. Its primary target is elastase, but it also has a moderate affinity for plasmin and thrombin.
messages: Murine alpha-1-antitrypsin is represented by a cluster of up to 6 individual Serpina1-related genes. The precise complement of Serpina1-related genes present varies according to the strain of the animal.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the carboxyl group of the serpin reactive site and the serine hydroxyl of the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina1-related genes may determine target protease specificity.

10090:Rps9
gene id: 10090:Rps9
uniprot id: Q6ZWN5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uS4 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs.

10090:Ndst2
gene id: 10090:Ndst2
uniprot id: P52850
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.
messages: Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate. Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis. Plays a role in determining the extent and pattern of sulfation of heparan sulfate. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but have fewer connective-tissue-type mast cells; mast cells that remain having an altered morphology and severely reduced amounts of stored histamine and mast cell proteases.
messages: Monomer.
messages: The presence of 4 different heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase enzymes in mammals, as well as differences in their enzyme activity suggest that some initiate heparan sulfate modification/sulfation reactions, whereas other later on fill in or extend already modified heparan sulfate sequences.
messages: Widely expressed in adult and throughout development.

10090:Tex14
gene id: 10090:Tex14
uniprot id: Q7M6U3
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected at low levels in developing testis at 5 and 10 days after birth. Highly expressed in testis 15 and 20 days after birth. Highly expressed in pachytene, diplotene and meiotically dividing spermatocytes and in early round spermatids.
messages: Detected in testis and spermatogonia. Not detectable in the other tissues tested.
messages: Interacts with KIF23 and RBM44. Interacts with CEP55; inhibiting interaction between CEP55 and PDCD6IP/ALIX and TSG101.
messages: Male mice are sterile, due to the absence of intercellular bridges. Intercellular bridges do not form during spermatogenesis, and male mice are sterile. In females, embryonic intercellular bridges are also absent, mice have fewer oocytes, but they are fertile.
messages: Midbody
messages: Phosphorylated on Thr residues by CDK1 during early phases of mitosis, promoting the interaction with PLK1 and recruitment to kinetochores. Phosphorylated on Ser-431 by PLK1 during late prometaphase promotes the rapid depletion from kinetochores and its subsequent degradation by the APC/C complex.
messages: Required both for the formation of intercellular bridges during meiosis and for kinetochore-microtubule attachment during mitosis. Intercellular bridges are evolutionarily conserved structures that connect differentiating germ cells and are required for spermatogenesis and male fertility. Acts by promoting the conversion of midbodies into intercellular bridges via its interaction with CEP55: interaction with CEP55 inhibits the interaction between CEP55 and PDCD6IP/ALIX and TSG101, blocking cell abscission and leading to transform midbodies into intercellular bridges. Also plays a role during mitosis: recruited to kinetochores by PLK1 during early mitosis and regulates the maturation of the outer kinetochores and microtubule attachment. Has no protein kinase activity in vitro.
messages: Ser-370 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue.
messages: The GPPX3Y motif mediates interaction with CEP55.
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.
messages: Used as a marker for intercellular bridges.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Kif21a
gene id: 10090:Kif21a
uniprot id: F8WGN6
uniprot id: Q3TQJ5
uniprot id: Q3UHE7
uniprot id: Q3V416
uniprot id: Q9QXL2
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Interacts (via residues 1148-1169) with KANK1 (via ankyrin repeats 1-5) and KANK2 (via ankyrin repeats 1-5).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Microtubule-binding motor protein probably involved in neuronal axonal transport. In vitro, has a plus-end directed motor activity.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest expression in brain.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Nanos2
gene id: 10090:Nanos2
uniprot id: I6ZHM2
uniprot id: P60322
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nanos family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First detectable at 13.5 dpc in the male gonocytes, levels increase until about 16.5 dpc and then slightly decrease by 17.5 dpc (at protein level). Expression is maintained in all male gonocytes during embryogenesis, but becomes confined to a small population of the spermatogonia after birth.
messages: Interacts with CNOT1, CNOT3, CNOT6L, CNOT7 and CNOT9.
messages: Mice show a gradual loss of the germ cell population within a few cycles of spermatogenesis which is caused by the depletion of spermatogonial stem cells that produce differentiating spermatogenic cells.
messages: P-body
messages: Plays a key role in the sexual differentiation of germ cells by promoting the male fate but suppressing the female fate. Represses the female fate pathways by suppressing meiosis, which in turn results in the promotion of the male fate. Maintains the suppression of meiosis by preventing STRA8 expression, which is required for premeiotic DNA replication, after CYP26B1 is decreased. Regulates the localization of the CCR4-NOT deadenylation complex to P-bodies and plays a role in recruiting the complex to trigger the degradation of mRNAs involved in meiosis. Required for the maintenance of the spermatogonial stem cell population. Not essential for the assembly of P-bodies but is required for the maintenance of their normal state.
messages: Predominantly expressed in male germ cells. Expressed in self-renewing spermatogonial stem cells and developing gonads.
messages: The Nanos-type zinc finger is composed of two C2HC motifs, each motif binding one molecule of zinc. It is essential for the translation repression activity of the protein.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cep70
gene id: 10090:Cep70
uniprot id: Q6IQY5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Directly interacts with tubulin-gamma; this interaction determines centrosomal localization.
messages: Plays a role in the organization of both preexisting and nascent microtubules in interphase cells. During mitosis, required for the organization and orientation of the mitotic spindle (By similarity).
messages: The coiled-coil domains may be important for tubulin-gamma-binding and hence for centrosomal localization.
messages: centrosome

10090:Ccdc30
gene id: 10090:Ccdc30
uniprot id: Q8BVF4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.

10090:Frzb
gene id: 10090:Frzb
uniprot id: P97401
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) family.
messages: Expressed in kidney, brain, testis. Weak expression in spleen and heart.
messages: In early gastrulation, expressed in all three germ layers. In later embryogenesis, expressed in a range of tissues including the central and peripheral nervous systems and the nephogenic mesenchyme.
messages: Interacts with MYOC.
messages: Secreted
messages: Soluble frizzled-related proteins (sFRPS) function as modulators of Wnt signaling through direct interaction with Wnts. They have a role in regulating cell growth and differentiation in specific cell types. SFRP3/FRZB appears to be involved in limb skeletogenesis. Antagonist of Wnt8 signaling. Regulates chondrocyte maturation and long bone development (By similarity).
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.

10090:Galk2
gene id: 10090:Galk2
uniprot id: Q3U3H5
uniprot id: Q68FH4
uniprot id: Q8BUU7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Acts on GalNAc. Also acts as a galactokinase when galactose is present at high concentrations (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. GalK subfamily.
messages: Monomer.

10090:Slc15a1
gene id: 10090:Slc15a1
uniprot id: Q14BA3
uniprot id: Q3UWE2
uniprot id: Q9JIP7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Proton-dependent oligopeptide transporter (POT/PTR) (TC 2.A.17) family.
messages: Interacts (via extracellular domain region) with trypsin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Proton-coupled amino-acid transporter that transports oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides (PubMed:11004485, PubMed:26320580). Primarily responsible for the absorption of dietary di- and tripeptides from the small intestinal lumen (By similarity).
messages: The extracellular domain (ECD) region specifically binds trypsin.

10090:Rnmt
gene id: 10090:Rnmt
uniprot id: Q9D0L8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. mRNA cap 0 methyltransferase family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the mRNA-capping methyltransferase RNMT:RAMAC complex that methylates the N7 position of the added guanosine to the 5'-cap structure of mRNAs. Binds RNA containing 5'-terminal GpppC.
messages: Interacts with importin alpha, leading to stimulate both RNA-binding and methyltransferase activity. Interaction with importin alpha and beta is required for its nuclear localization, importin beta dissociating in response to RanGTP, allowing RNMT-importin alpha to bind RNA substrates. Interacts with elongating form of polymerase II and RNGTT. Interacts with RAMAC, this interaction significantly enhances RNA-binding and cap methyltransferase activity.
messages: Methyltransferase activity is activated by RAMAC.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bax
gene id: 10090:Bax
uniprot id: A0A1B0GT81
uniprot id: Q07813
uniprot id: Q544Z6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with gamma-herpesvirus 68 protein vBCL2.
messages: Accelerates programmed cell death by binding to, and antagonizing the apoptosis repressor BCL2 or its adenovirus homolog E1B 19k protein. Under stress conditions, undergoes a conformation change that causes translocation to the mitochondrion membrane, leading to the release of cytochrome c that then triggers apoptosis. Promotes activation of CASP3, and thereby apoptosis. BAX deficiency leads to lymphoid hyperplasia and male sterility, because of the cessation of sperm production.
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in a wide variety of tissues.
messages: Homodimer. Forms higher oligomers under stress conditions. Forms heterooligomers with BAK (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2L11. Interaction with BCL2L11 promotes BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondrial membranes, with subsequent release of cytochrome c (PubMed:21060336). Forms heterodimers with BCL2 (PubMed:8358790, PubMed:21060336). Forms heterodimers with BCL2L1 isoform Bcl-X(L), BCL2L2, MCL1 and A1. Interacts with SH3GLB1. Interacts with SFN and YWHAZ; the interaction occurs in the cytoplasm. Under stress conditions, JNK-mediated phosphorylation of SFN and YWHAZ, releases BAX to mitochondria. Interacts with RNF144B, which regulates the ubiquitin-dependent stability of BAX. Interacts with CLU under stress conditions that cause a conformation change leading to BAX oligomerization and association with mitochondria. Does not interact with CLU in unstressed cells (By similarity). Interacts with FAIM2/LFG2 (By similarity). Interacts with BOP (By similarity). Interacts (via a C-terminal 33 residues) with NOL3 (via CARD domain); inhibits BAX activation and translocationand consequently cytochrome c release from mitochondria (PubMed:15383280). Interacts with GIMAP3/IAN4 and GIMAP5/IAN5; this interaction is increased, when cells initiate apoptosis upon IL2 withdrawal (PubMed:16509771). Interacts with IRF3; the interaction is direct and, upon virus infection, mediates the formation of the apoptosis complex TOMM70:HSP90AA1:IRF3:BAX (By similarity). Interacts with MOAP1, facilitating BAX-dependent mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization and apoptosis (By similarity). Interacts with BCL2L10/BCL-B (By similarity).
messages: Intact BH3 motif is required by BIK, BID, BAK, BAD and BAX for their pro-apoptotic activity and for their interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Gm21466
gene id: 10090:Gm21466
uniprot id: A0A571BDE3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Adamtsl4
gene id: 10090:Adamtsl4
uniprot id: Q80T21
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Although similar to members of the ADAMTS family, it lacks the metalloprotease and disintegrin-like domains which are typical of that family.
messages: Glycosylated (By similarity). Can be O-fucosylated by POFUT2 on a serine or a threonine residue found within the consensus sequence C1-X(2)-(S/T)-C2-G of the TSP type-1 repeat domains where C1 and C2 are the first and second cysteine residue of the repeat, respectively. Fucosylated repeats can then be further glycosylated by the addition of a beta-1,3-glucose residue by the glucosyltransferase, B3GALTL. Fucosylation mediates the efficient secretion of ADAMTS family members. Can also be C-glycosylated with one or two mannose molecules on tryptophan residues within the consensus sequence W-X-X-W of the TPRs, and N-glycosylated. These other glycosylations can also facilitate secretion (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CTSB. Interacts with FBN1 (By similarity).
messages: Positive regulation of apoptosis. May facilitate FBN1 microfibril biogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed in a range of tissues. Especially prevalent in brain, spinal cord, muscle, lung and heart.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Slc9a3
gene id: 10090:Slc9a3
uniprot id: G3X939
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the monovalent cation:proton antiporter 1 (CPA1) transporter (TC 2.A.36) family.
messages: Binds SLC9A3R1 and SLC9A3R2. Interacts with CHP1, CHP2 and SHANK2. Interacts with PDZK1 (via C-terminal PDZ domain) (By similarity). Interacts with PDZD3 and interactions decrease in response to elevated calcium ion levels. Interacts with AHCYL1; the interaction is required for SLC9A3 activity (By similarity).
messages: Involved in pH regulation to eliminate acids generated by active metabolism or to counter adverse environmental conditions. Major proton extruding system driven by the inward sodium ion chemical gradient. Plays an important role in signal transduction.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA, which inhibits activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-659 by SGK1 is associated with increased abundance at the cell membrane.
messages: The number, localization and denomination of hydrophobic domains in the Na(+)/H(+) exchangers vary among authors.

10090:Twist1
gene id: 10090:Twist1
uniprot id: P26687
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins, inhibiting trans-activation by MEF2, and inhibiting DNA-binding by MYOD1 through physical interaction. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins. Also represses expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Regulates cranial suture patterning and fusion. Activates transcription as a heterodimer with E proteins. Regulates gene expression differentially, depending on dimer composition. Homodimers induce expression of FGFR2 and POSTN while heterodimers repress FGFR2 and POSTN expression and induce THBS1 expression. Heterodimerization is also required for osteoblast differentiation. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: NPAS2-BMAL1 heterodimer.
messages: By TNF-alpha.
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (PubMed:16502419, PubMed:17893140). Homodimer or heterodimer with E proteins such as TCF3 (PubMed:16502419, PubMed:17893140, PubMed:23395635). ID1 binds preferentially to TCF3 but does not interact efficiently with TWIST1 so ID1 levels control the amount of TCF3 available to dimerize with TWIST1 and thus determine the type of dimer formed (PubMed:16502419, PubMed:17893140).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Subset of mesodermal cells.

10090:Slc4a5
gene id: 10090:Slc4a5
uniprot id: D3YVG0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Cideb
gene id: 10090:Cideb
uniprot id: O70303
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Activates apoptosis.
messages: Inhibited by DFFB. Interacts with DFFA and DFFB (By similarity).

10090:Tpra1
gene id: 10090:Tpra1
uniprot id: Q99MU1
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0359 family.
messages: Induced during adipocytes differentiation and in white fat from aged and diabetics mice.
messages: Membrane
messages: Ubiquitous, with higher levels in heart, brain, lung, liver and kidney.

10090:Mstn
gene id: 10090:Mstn
uniprot id: O08689
uniprot id: Q540E2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts specifically as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth.
messages: Belongs to the TGF-beta family.
messages: Expressed specifically in developing and adult skeletal muscle. Weak expression in adipose tissue.
messages: First detected 9.5 dpc in one-third of developing somites. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the myotome compartment of somites. At later stages of development, detected in a wide range of developing muscles. Expression continues in adulthood.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:19644449). Interacts with WFIKKN2, leading to inhibit its activity (PubMed:12595574). Interacts with FSTL3 (PubMed:22052913).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with WFIKKN2, leading to inhibit its activity. Interacts with FSTL3.
messages: Mutant animals exhibit muscle hypertrophy.
messages: Secreted
messages: Synthesized as large precursor molecule that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate an N-terminal propeptide and a disulfide linked C-terminal dimer, which is the biologically active molecule. The circulating form consists of a latent complex of the C-terminal dimer and other proteins, including its propeptide, which maintain the C-terminal dimer in a latent, inactive state. Ligand activation requires additional cleavage of the prodomain by a tolloid-like metalloproteinase (PubMed:14671324).

10090:Fam161a
gene id: 10090:Fam161a
uniprot id: B1AVK0
uniprot id: Q8QZV6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM161 family.
messages: Expressed at low levels from 12.5 to 16.5 dpc in the retinal progenitor cells of the optic cup, as well as in the posterior compartment of the lens. Expression drops in the retina at birth. At P5, highly expressed in the postmigratory photoreceptor precursors at the apical side of the outer nuclear layer. At P10, present in the outer nuclear layer and in the inner segments of photoreceptors and in the outer plexiform layer (at protein level). In adult animals, at P30, reaches a well-defined localization in the inner segment of photoreceptors, as well as in the outer plexiform layer (at protein level). Completely absent from the outer segment of photoreceptors (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the retina.
messages: Interacts (via C-terminus) with microtubules. Interacts with LCA5, CEP290 and SDCCAG8. Interacts with FAM161B. Interacts with POC1B. Interacts with CEP78.
messages: Involved in ciliogenesis.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Fam160a1
gene id: 10090:Fam160a1
uniprot id: Q505K2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FHIP family.
messages: May be a component of the FTS/Hook/FHIP complex (FHF complex), composed of AKTIP/FTS, FHIP1B, and one or more members of the Hook family of proteins HOOK1, HOOK2, and HOOK3. May interact directly with AKTIP/FTS.
messages: Probable component of the FTS/Hook/FHIP complex (FHF complex). FHF complex promotes the distribution of AP-4 complex to the perinuclear area of the cell.

10090:Fam171a2
gene id: 10090:Fam171a2
uniprot id: A2A699
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM171 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:1700066M21Rik
gene id: 10090:1700066M21Rik
uniprot id: Q9D9H8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the C2orf69 family.
messages: May play a role in the respiratory chain.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Gm12185
gene id: 10090:Gm12185
uniprot id: Q5NCB2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. IRG family.

10090:Wars
gene id: 10090:Wars
uniprot id: P32921
uniprot id: Q3U6U7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with oxidized form of GAPDH (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 2 is widely expressed, isoform 1 is found only in embryonic stem cells.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage generates 2 forms; T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS.
messages: T1-TrpRS has aminoacylation activity while T2-TrpRS lacks it. T1-TrpRS and T2-TrpRS possess angiostatic activity. T2-TrpRS inhibits fluid shear stress-activated responses of endothelial cells. Regulates ERK, Akt, and eNOS activation pathways that are associated with angiogenesis, cytoskeletal reorganization and shear stress-responsive gene expression (By similarity).

10090:Tmem132c
gene id: 10090:Tmem132c
uniprot id: E9QP73
uniprot id: Q8CEF9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM132 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Sp8
gene id: 10090:Sp8
uniprot id: Q8BMJ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expression is detected in the forebrain, midbrain/hindbrain boundary and neural tube. At the stage of limb bud outgrowth, expressed in a scattered manner in the ventral ectoderm, and is later confined to the apical ectodermal ridge (AER).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Transcription factor which plays a key role in limb development. Positively regulates FGF8 expression in the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and contributes to limb outgrowth in embryos.

10090:Msl2
gene id: 10090:Msl2
uniprot id: Q69ZF8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MSL2 family.
messages: Component of a multisubunit histone acetyltransferase complex (MSL) at least composed of the KAT8/MOF/MYST1, MSL1/hampin, MSL2 and MSL3. Forms a MSL heterotetrameric core with MSL1.
messages: Component of histone acetyltransferase complex responsible for the majority of histone H4 acetylation at lysine 16 which is implicated in the formation of higher-order chromatin structure (By similarity). Acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that promotes monoubiquitination of histone H2B at 'Lys-35' (H2BK34Ub), but not that of H2A. This activity is greatly enhanced by heterodimerization with MSL1. H2B ubiquitination in turn stimulates histone H3 methylation at 'Lys-5' (H3K4me) and 'Lys-80' (H3K79me) and leads to gene activation, including that of HOXA9 and MEIS1 (By similarity).

10090:Celf6
gene id: 10090:Celf6
uniprot id: D3YU11
uniprot id: Q7TN33
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CELF/BRUNOL family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein implicated in the regulation of pre-mRNA alternative splicing. Mediates exon inclusion and/or exclusion in pre-mRNA that are subject to tissue-specific and developmentally regulated alternative splicing. Specifically activates exon 5 inclusion of TNNT2 in a muscle-specific splicing enhancer (MSE)-dependent manner. Promotes also exon exclusion of INSR pre-mRNA (By similarity).

10090:Tsen15
gene id: 10090:Tsen15
uniprot id: G3X8S8
uniprot id: Q8R3W5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Although only weakly related to the S.cerevisiae SEN15 protein, it probably displays the same function within the tRNA splicing endonuclease complex.
messages: Belongs to the SEN15 family.
messages: Homodimer. tRNA splicing endonuclease is a heterotetramer composed of TSEN2, TSEN15, TSEN34/LENG5 and TSEN54. tRNA splicing endonuclease complex also contains proteins of the pre-mRNA 3' end processing machinery such as CLP1, CPSF1, CPSF4 and CSTF2 (By similarity).
messages: Non-catalytic subunit of the tRNA-splicing endonuclease complex, a complex responsible for identification and cleavage of the splice sites in pre-tRNA. It cleaves pre-tRNA at the 5' and 3' splice sites to release the intron. The products are an intron and two tRNA half-molecules bearing 2',3' cyclic phosphate and 5'-OH termini. There are no conserved sequences at the splice sites, but the intron is invariably located at the same site in the gene, placing the splice sites an invariant distance from the constant structural features of the tRNA body. The tRNA splicing endonuclease is also involved in mRNA processing via its association with pre-mRNA 3'-end processing factors, establishing a link between pre-tRNA splicing and pre-mRNA 3'-end formation, suggesting that the endonuclease subunits function in multiple RNA-processing events (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Wdr13
gene id: 10090:Wdr13
uniprot id: Q91V09
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zfyve19
gene id: 10090:Zfyve19
uniprot id: Q9DAZ9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cleavage furrow
messages: Interacts (via MIM1-B) with VPS4A; interaction takes place at the midbody ring following cytokinesis checkpoint activation.
messages: Key regulator of abscission step in cytokinesis: part of the cytokinesis checkpoint, a process required to delay abscission to prevent both premature resolution of intercellular chromosome bridges and accumulation of DNA damage. Together with CHMP4C, required to retain abscission-competent VPS4 (VPS4A and/or VPS4B) at the midbody ring until abscission checkpoint signaling is terminated at late cytokinesis. Deactivation of AURKB results in dephosphorylation of CHMP4C followed by its dissociation from ZFYVE19/ANCHR and VPS4 and subsequent abscission (By similarity).
messages: Midbody ring
messages: The FYVE-type zinc finger mediates binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P).
messages: The MIM1-B motif mediates interaction with VPS4A.
messages: centrosome

10090:Gatad2b
gene id: 10090:Gatad2b
uniprot id: Q8VHR5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Both CR1 and CR2 regions are required for speckled nuclear localization.
messages: Interacts with MBD2 and MBD3 (By similarity). Interaction with MBD2 is required for the enhancement of MBD2-mediated repression and for targeting to the chromatin (By similarity). Component of the MeCP1 histone deacetylase complex (By similarity). Interacts with histone tails, including that of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (By similarity). Interacts with ERCC6 (By similarity).
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Transcriptional repressor (By similarity). Enhances MBD2-mediated repression. Efficient repression requires the presence of GATAD2A (By similarity). Targets MBD3 to discrete loci in the nucleus (By similarity). Plays a role in synapse development (By similarity).

10090:Stat6
gene id: 10090:Stat6
uniprot id: P52633
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the transcription factor STAT family.
messages: Carries out a dual function: signal transduction and activation of transcription. Involved in IL4/interleukin-4- and IL3/interleukin-3-mediated signaling.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with a related family member. Interacts with NCOA1 via its C-terminal LXXLL motif (By similarity).
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylated by PARP14.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated on Tyr-641 following stimulation by IL4/interleukin-4. Tyrosine phosphorylated following stimulation by IL3/interleukin-3. Dephosphorylation on tyrosine residues by PTPN2 negatively regulates the IL4/interleukin-4 mediated signaling.

10090:Crebrf
gene id: 10090:Crebrf
uniprot id: Q8CDG5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a negative regulator of the endoplasmic reticulum stress response or unfolded protein response (UPR). Represses the transcriptional activity of CREB3 during the UPR. Recruits CREB3 into nuclear foci (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. CREBRF subfamily.
messages: Highly expressed in intestin, testis, heart and kidney, weakly in brain adipose, colon, liver, lung and skeletal.
messages: Interacts (via leucine-zipper domain) with CREB3 (via leucine-zipper domain); the interaction promotes CREB3 degradation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably degraded by the proteasome.

10090:Olfr73
gene id: 10090:Olfr73
uniprot id: Q920P2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pdp1
gene id: 10090:Pdp1
uniprot id: A2AJP9
uniprot id: A8Y5Q0
uniprot id: A8Y5Q1
uniprot id: Q3UV70
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PP2C family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the dephosphorylation and concomitant reactivation of the alpha subunit of the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic (PDP1) and a regulatory (PDPR) subunit.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Ddx3x
gene id: 10090:Ddx3x
uniprot id: Q3TQX5
uniprot id: Q62167
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX3/DED1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Encoded by an chromosome X-linked gene which escapes X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in females, but exhibits developmental- and tissue-specific differences in escape from XCI. DDX3Y, its homolog on chromosome Y, is located in the Y non-recombinant portion (By similarity). In 8 to 16 cell stage embryos, expression from paternal and maternal copies of DDX3X is detected. Paternally derived DDX3X is preferentially inactivated in extraembryonic tissues of embryos from 6.5 dpc (PubMed:27179789).
messages: Expressed in ovary, including in germinal vesicle immature and metaphase II (MII) stage oocytes (at protein level) (PubMed:8948440, PubMed:25050112). In the brain, expressed in the granule cells of the cerebellum and dentate gyrus, the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus, the ependymal cells lining the ventricles, choroid plexi and olfactory bulb. Also accumulates in the thalamic nuclei, the dorsal region of the colliculi and the pontine nucleus (PubMed:8948440).
messages: Homodimer; can bind RNA as a monomer and as a dimer/oligomer. Interacts with TDRD3. When phosphorylated, interacts with IRF3; the interaction facilitates the phosphorylation and activation of IRF3 by IKBKE. Directly interacts with XPO1/CRM1. The interaction with XPO1/CMR1 is dependent on the DDX3X nuclear export signal motif and XPO1 interaction with GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form. Weakly interacts with TBKBP1/SINTBAD. Directly interacts with TRAF3; this interaction stimulates TRAF3 'Lys-63' ubiquitination. Interacts with CSNK1E in a Wnt-dependent manner; this interaction greatly enhances CSNK1E affinity for ATP, stimulates its kinase activity and promotes CSNK1E-mediated DVL2 phosphorylation. In the presence of RNA, the interaction is decreased. Also interacts with CSNK1D and stimulates its kinase activity. Interacts with TRPV4; this interaction is decreased when the TRPV4 channel is activated, leading to DDX3X relocalization to the nucleus. Interacts with MAP3K14/NIK. Directly interacts with CHUK/IKKA after physiological activation of the TLR7 and TLR8 pathways; this interaction enhances CHUK autophosphorylation. May associate with EIF4F complex, composed of at least EIF4A, EIF4E and EIF4G1/EIF4G3. Directly interacts with EIF4E in an RNA-independent manner; this interaction enhances EIF4E cap-binding ability. Directly interacts with EIF4G1 in an RNA-independent manner. DDX3X competes with EIF4G1 for interaction with EIF4E. Interacts with EIF4A1 and EIF2S1 in an RNA-independent manner. Associates with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, including with EIF3B and EIF3C subunits. Directly interacts with IKBKE/IKKE; this interaction stimulates IKBKE activating autophosphorylation and is induced upon viral infection. Interacts with TBK1. Interacts with SP1; this interaction potentiates SP1-induced CDKN1A/WAF1/CIP1 transcription. Interacts with GSK3A and GSK3B. Interacts with several death receptors, inclusing FAS, TNFRSF10A and TNFRS…
messages: In mutant males, loss of DDX3X leads to early post-implantation lethality. In mutant females with a maternally inherited Ddx3x null allele, paternal X chromosome inactivation affects trophoblast differentiation, which leads to aberrant placental layers and defective vascularization in placental labyrinth. These placental abnormalities impair maternal blood supply to the embryo and ultimately lead to fetal growth restriction and lethality. Heterozygous females with a paternally inherited null allele are born at the expected Mendelian ratio, develop normally and are indistinguishable from their littermate controls (PubMed:27179789). Epiblast-specific knockout embryos exhibit multiple anomalies, including defective neural tube closure, underdeveloped brain, poorly developed myocardial trabeculae, which ultimately lead to embryonic lethality around 11.5 dpc (PubMed:27179789). DDX3X and DDX3Y double knockout is embryonic lethal (PubMed:30613052). DDX3X and DDX3Y double knockout germ cells can differentiate into spermatozoa (PubMed:30613052). Bone-marrow macrophage-specific knockout leads to a reduction in the expression of several cytokines, including IL1B, IL6, IL12 and IFNB1, in response to Listeria monocytogenes infection and pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including poly (I:C), poly (dA:dT) and LPS. This effect is more prononced in females than in male macrophages, probably due to the functional redundancy with DDX3Y gene located on chromosome Y (PubMed:30475900).
messages: In oocytes, expression levels increase from germinal vesicle immature oocytes to metaphase II (MII) and decline after fertilization in 1-cell and 2-cell embryos (at protein level) (PubMed:25050112). At 7.5 dpc, highly expressed in all embryonic cells and extraembryonic tissues, including ectoplacental cone, chorion, extraembryonic endoderm and parietal endoderm (at protein level) (PubMed:27179789). At 8.5-9.5 dpc, widely expressed (PubMed:8948440). At 8.5 dpc, levels decrease in extraembryonic tissues (PubMed:27179789). As development proceeds, expression becomes more restricted. At 11.5 dpc, most abundant in the neural tube, but still expressed at moderate levels in a number of other sites, including the mesenchyme of limbs and the face and in liver. At 14.5 dpc, highly expressed in the developing brain and caudal neural tube, but absent from the marginal layer of the neural tube. Also expressed in the developing metanephros and lung. At 15.5 dpc, expressed in the brain and spinal cord, as well as in teeth primordia, the lung and in the developing limb (PubMed:8948440). At 16.5 dpc, moderate, but non-uniform expression levels in the placenta (PubMed:27179789).
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Multifunctional ATP-dependent RNA helicase. The ATPase activity can be stimulated by various ribo-and deoxynucleic acids indicative for a relaxed substrate specificity. In vitro can unwind partially double-stranded DNA with a preference for 5'-single-stranded DNA overhangs. Binds RNA G-quadruplex (rG4s) structures, including those located in the 5'-UTR of NRAS mRNA. Involved in many cellular processes, which do not necessarily require its ATPase/helicase catalytic activities. Involved in transcription regulation. Positively regulates CDKN1A/WAF1/CIP1 transcription in an SP1-dependent manner, hence inhibits cell growth. This function requires its ATPase, but not helicase activity. CDKN1A up-regulation may be cell-type specific. Binds CDH1/E-cadherin promoter and represses its transcription. Potentiates HNF4A-mediated MTTP transcriptional activation; this function requires ATPase, but not helicase activity. Facilitates HNF4A acetylation, possibly catalyzed by CREBBP/EP300, thereby increasing the DNA-binding affinity of HNF4 to its response element. In addition, disrupts the interaction between HNF4 and SHP that forms inactive heterodimers and enhances the formation of active HNF4 homodimers. By promoting HNF4A-induced MTTP expression, may play a role in lipid homeostasis. May positively regulate TP53 transcription. Associates with mRNPs, predominantly with spliced mRNAs carrying an exon junction complex (EJC). Involved in the regulation of translation initiation. Not involved in the general process of translation, but promotes efficient translation of selected complex mRNAs, containing highly structured 5'-untranslated regions (UTR). This function depends on helicase activity. Might facilitate translation by resolving secondary structures of 5'-UTRs during ribosome scanning. Alternatively, may act prior to 43S ribosomal scanning and promote 43S pre-initiation complex entry to mRNAs exhibiting specific RNA motifs, by performing local remodeling of transcript structures…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by TBK1; the phosphorylation is required for the synergistic induction of IFNB mediated by TBK1 and DDX3X. Phosphorylated by IKBKE. Also phosphorylated by CSNK1E; this phosphorylation may inhibit RNA-stimulated ATPase activity.
messages: Stress granule
messages: The C-terminus (residues 536-662) is dispensable for DDX3X trafficking.
messages: The role of the nuclear export signal (NES) motif in XPO1-mediated DDX3X export is controversial (By similarity). In one study, NES has been found dispensable for DDX3X export while the helicase domain mediates the interaction with XPO1 (By similarity). However, in two other studies, DDX3X nuclear export is dependent on both NES and Ran in its GTP-bound form while the helicase domain is not required (By similarity).
messages: Upon stimulation of death receptors, including TNFRSF10B, recruited to receptors and cleaved by caspases. Proteolytic fragments remain associated with the receptors. This cleavage presumably inactivates DDX3X anti-apoptotic function.
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Prrxl1
gene id: 10090:Prrxl1
uniprot id: Q8BYH0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family.
messages: Defects in the projection pattern of nociceptive sensory neurons to the dorsal horn of the developing spinal cord leading to reduced sensitivity to painful stimuli. They die within 3 weeks of birth. Mice lacking Drgx exhibit reduced expression of Rgmb in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons.
messages: Expressed in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia. Isoform 1 is higher expressed than isoform 2 both in the dorsal root ganglia and in the spinal cord. Isoform 2 is exclusively localized in neurons primarily involved in the processing of the pain somatosensory modality.
messages: First detected at 12.5 dpc in newly generated neurons adjacent to the ventricular zone of the dorsal spinal cord. Later expressed in lateral region of the dorsal spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia at 13.5 dpc with increased levels at 15.5 dpc.
messages: Interacts with RGMB.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required for the formation of correct projections from nociceptive sensory neurons to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and normal perception of pain.

10090:Mat2b
gene id: 10090:Mat2b
uniprot id: Q99LB6
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase family. MAT2B subfamily.
messages: Heterotrimer; composed of a catalytic MAT2A homodimer that binds one regulatory MAT2B chain. Heterohexamer; composed of a central, catalytic MAT2A homotetramer flanked on either side by a regulatory MAT2B chain. NADP binding increases the affinity for MAT2A.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Regulatory subunit of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase 2, an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP. Regulates MAT2A catalytic activity by changing its kinetic properties, increasing its affinity for L-methionine. Can bind NADP (in vitro).

10090:Kcna7
gene id: 10090:Kcna7
uniprot id: Q17ST2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. A (Shaker) (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv1.7/KCNA7 sub-subfamily.
messages: Detected in heart, skeletal muscle, brain, and pancreatic islet cells.
messages: Heterotetramer of potassium channel proteins.
messages: Mediates the voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a potassium-selective channel through which potassium ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. Channels formed by isoform 1 inactivate faster than channels formed by isoform 2.
messages: Membrane
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-33 of isoform 1.
messages: The N-terminus may be important in determining the rate of inactivation of the channel while the tail may play a role in modulation of channel activity and/or targeting of the channel to specific subcellular compartments.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Prkca
gene id: 10090:Prkca
uniprot id: P20444
uniprot id: Q4VA93
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domain.
messages: Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration and adhesion, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, platelet function and inflammation, by directly phosphorylating targets such as RAF1, BCL2, CSPG4, TNNT2/CTNT, or activating signaling cascades involving MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and RAP1GAP. Depending on the cell type, is involved in cell proliferation and cell growth arrest by positive and negative regulation of the cell cycle. Can promote cell growth by phosphorylating and activating RAF1, which mediates the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, and/or by up-regulating CDKN1A, which facilitates active cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complex formation. In cells stimulated by the phorbol ester PMA, can trigger a cell cycle arrest program which is associated with the accumulation of the hyper-phosphorylated growth-suppressive form of RB1 and induction of the CDK inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1B. Depending on the cell type, exhibits anti-apoptotic function and protects cells from apoptosis by suppressing the p53/TP53-mediated activation of IGFBP3, or mediates anti-apoptotic action by phosphorylating BCL2. During macrophage differentiation induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1), is translocated to the nucleus and is associated with macrophage development. After wounding, translocates from focal contacts to lamellipodia and participates in the modulation of desmosomal adhesion. Plays a role in cell motility by phosphorylating CSPG4, which induces association of CSPG4 with extensive lamellipodia at the cell periphery and polarization of the cell accompanied by increases in cell motility. During chemokine-induced CD4(+) T cell migration, phosphorylates CDC42-guanine exchange factor DOCK8 resulting in its dissociation from LRCH1 and the activation of GTPase CDC42 (By similarity). Negatively regulates myo…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Classical (or conventional) PKCs (PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCG) are activated by calcium and diacylglycerol (DAG) in the presence of phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-497 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Thr-638 (turn motif) and Ser-657 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression of the mutant form UV25 causes malignant transformation of cells.
messages: Interacts with ADAP1/CENTA1 and CSPG4 (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCABP (PubMed:7844141). Binds to CAVIN2 in the presence of phosphatidylserine. Interacts with PICK1 (via PDZ domain). Interacts with TRIM41 (By similarity). Recruited in a circadian manner into a nuclear complex which also includes BMAL1 and RACK1 (PubMed:20093473). Interacts with PARD3 (By similarity). Interacts with SOCS2 (PubMed:31578312).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr769
gene id: 10090:Olfr769
uniprot id: Q8K501
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm14744
gene id: 10090:Gm14744
uniprot id: B1AVU4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mmp20
gene id: 10090:Mmp20
uniprot id: P57748
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoactivates at least at the 106-Asn-|-Tyr-107 site.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M10A family.
messages: Binds 2 Calcium ions per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Degrades amelogenin, the major protein component of the enamel matrix and two of the macromolecules characterizing the cartilage extracellular matrix: aggrecan and the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). May play a central role in tooth enamel formation. Cleaves aggrecan at the '360-Asn-|-Phe-361' site.
messages: Expressed specifically in the enamel organ.
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Lipg
gene id: 10090:Lipg
uniprot id: C0LQ91
uniprot id: Q3U5K0
uniprot id: Q3U713
uniprot id: Q3U807
uniprot id: Q9WVG5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
messages: Exerts both phospholipase and triglyceride lipase activities (By similarity). More active as a phospholipase than a triglyceride lipase (By similarity). Hydrolyzes triglycerides, both with short-chain fatty acyl groups (tributyrin) and long-chain fatty acyl groups (triolein) with similar levels of activity toward both types of substrates (By similarity). Hydrolyzes high density lipoproteins (HDL) more efficiently than other lipoproteins (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in placenta, lung, liver, testis and spleen.
messages: Head to tail homodimer.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Clpx
gene id: 10090:Clpx
uniprot id: Q6P8N8
uniprot id: Q8C4Z5
uniprot id: Q9JHS4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: ATP-dependent specificity component of the Clp protease complex. Hydrolyzes ATP. Targets specific substrates for degradation by the Clp complex. Can perform chaperone functions in the absence of CLPP. Enhances the DNA-binding activity of TFAM and is required for maintaining a normal mitochondrial nucleoid structure (PubMed:10347188). ATP-dependent unfoldase that stimulates the incorporation of the pyridoxal phosphate cofactor into 5-aminolevulinate synthase, thereby activating 5-aminolevulinate (ALA) synthesis, the first step in heme biosynthesis. Important for efficient erythropoiesis through up-regulation of heme biosynthesis (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ClpX chaperone family.
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Homohexamer that forms a ring structure; this hexamerization requires ATP binding. Component of the Clp complex formed by the assembly of two CLPP heptameric rings with two CLPX hexameric rings, giving rise to a symmetrical structure with two central CLPP rings flanked by a CLPX ring at either end of the complex (PubMed:22710082). Interacts with TFAM (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: mitochondrion nucleoid

10090:Pik3r4
gene id: 10090:Pik3r4
uniprot id: Q8VD65
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Component of the PI3K (PI3KC3/PI3K-III/class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) complex the core of which is composed of the catalytic subunit PIK3C3, the regulatory subunit PIK3R4 and BECN1 associating with additional regulatory/auxilliary subunits to form alternative complex forms. Alternative complex forms containing a forth regulatory subunit in a mutually exclusive manner are PI3K complex I (PI3KC3-C1) containing ATG14, and PI3K complex II (PI3KC3-C2) containing UVRAG (PubMed:23332761). PI3KC3-C1 displays a V-shaped architecture with PIK3R4 serving as a bridge between PIK3C3 and the ATG14:BECN1 subcomplex. Both, PI3KC3-C1 and PI3KC3-C2, can associate with further regulatory subunits, such as RUBCN, SH3GLB1/Bif-1, AMBRA1 and NRBF2 (By similarity). PI3KC3-C1 probably associates with PIK3CB (PubMed:21059846). Interacts with RAB7A in the presence of PIK3C3/VPS34 (By similarity). Interacts with NRBF2 (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: Membrane
messages: Myristoylated.
messages: Probably autophosphorylated.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the PI3K complex that mediates formation of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate; different complex forms are believed to play a role in multiple membrane trafficking pathways: PI3KC3-C1 is involved in initiation of autophagosomes and PI3KC3-C2 in maturation of autophagosomes and endocytosis. Involved in regulation of degradative endocytic trafficking and cytokinesis, probably in the context of PI3KC3-C2 (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome

10090:Orc3
gene id: 10090:Orc3
uniprot id: Q9JK30
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ORC3 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of ORC, a complex composed of at least 6 subunits: ORC1, ORC2, ORC3, ORC4, ORC5 and ORC6. ORC is regulated in a cell-cycle dependent manner. It is sequentially assembled at the exit from anaphase of mitosis and disassembled as cells enter S phase.
messages: Component of the origin recognition complex (ORC) that binds origins of replication. DNA-binding is ATP-dependent. The specific DNA sequences that define origins of replication have not been identified yet. ORC is required to assemble the pre-replication complex necessary to initiate DNA replication. Binds histone H3 and H4 trimethylation marks H3K9me3, H3K27me3 and H4K20me3.
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-8 is the initiator.
messages: Multi-mono-ubiquitinated by OBI1; ubiquitination is important for efficient DNA replication origin site activation. Ubiquitination levels are low in mitotic and early G1-phAse cells and are induced in late G1-/early S-phase, peaking in S-phase and decrease toward the end of the cell cycle.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lrrc17
gene id: 10090:Lrrc17
uniprot id: Q9CXD9
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Down-regulated in osteoblasts in response to pro-osteoclastogenic factors.
messages: Expressed in osteoblasts, spleen, lung and heart.
messages: Involved in bone homeostasis. Acts as a negative regulator of RANKL-induced osteoclast precursor differentiation from bone marrow precursors.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Dvl1
gene id: 10090:Dvl1
uniprot id: P51141
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DSH family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: High levels are seen in the brain, testis and kidney, lower levels in the ovary, breast, muscle, liver and small intestine, and very low levels are seen in the spleen and thymus. A moderate level expression is seen in the heart.
messages: Interacts with CXXC4 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with TMEM88 (By similarity). Interacts with BRD7 and INVS. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with VANGL1 and VANGL2 (via C-terminus). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with NXN. Interacts with ARRB1; the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation of DVL1 (By similarity). Interacts with CYLD. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with RYK. Self-associates (via DIX domain) and forms higher homooligomers. Interacts (via PDZ domain) with DACT1 and FZD7, where DACT1 and FZD7 compete for the same binding site. Interacts (via DEP domain) with MUSK; the interaction is direct and mediates the formation a DVL1, MUSK and PAK1 ternary complex involved in AChR clustering. Interacts with DCDC2. Interacts with FOXK2 (By similarity). Interacts with PKD1 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:27214281). Interacts (via PDZ domain) with CCDC88C/DAPLE; competes with CCDC88C for binding to frizzled receptor FZD7 and dissociates from CCDC88C following initiation of non-canonical Wnt signaling when CCDC88C displaces DVL1 from ligand-activated FZD7 (By similarity).
messages: Is expressed throughout the embryonic central nervous system from presomite stages and in neuron-rich areas of the brain throughout postnatal development, as well as in many other tissues.
messages: Mice display abnormalities in social behavior and sensorimotor gating.
messages: Participates in Wnt signaling by binding to the cytoplasmic C-terminus of frizzled family members and transducing the Wnt signal to down-stream effectors. Plays a role both in canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. Plays a role in the signal transduction pathways mediated by multiple Wnt genes. Required for LEF1 activation upon WNT1 and WNT3A signaling. DVL1 and PAK1 form a ternary complex with MUSK which is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ).
messages: The DEP domain mediates interaction with the cell membrane.
messages: The DIX domain promotes homooligomerization.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes both 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination, leading to its subsequent degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination. The interaction with INVS is required for ubiquitination (By similarity). Deubiquitinated by CYLD, which acts on 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains.
messages: cytosol

10090:Sumo1
gene id: 10090:Sumo1
uniprot id: P63166
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin family. SUMO subfamily.
messages: By hypoxia.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cleavage of precursor form by SENP1 or SENP2 is necessary for function.
messages: Covalently attached to KCNB1; UBE2I increases cross-linking with KCNB1 and PIAS1 decreases cross-links with KCNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with SAE2, RANBP2, PIAS1 and PIAS2 (By similarity). Interacts with PRKN (By similarity). Covalently attached to a number of proteins such as IKFZ1, PML, RANGAP1, HIPK2, SP100, p53, p73-alpha, MDM2, JUN, DNMT3B and TDG (By similarity). Also interacts with HIF1A, HIPK2, HIPK3, CHD3, EXOSC9, RAD51 and RAD52 (By similarity). Interacts with USP25 (via ts SIM domain); the interaction weakly sumoylates USP25 (By similarity). Interacts with SIMC1, CASP8AP2, RNF111 and SOBP (via SIM domains) (By similarity). Interacts with BHLHE40/DEC1 (By similarity). Interacts with RWDD3 (By similarity). Interacts with UBE2I/UBC9 and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of RWDD3 (By similarity). Interacts with MTA1 (By similarity). Interacts with SENP2 (By similarity). Interacts with HINT1 (PubMed:31088288).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 13.5 dpc strongly in the upper lip, primary palate and medial edge epithelia of the secondary palate. At 14.5 dpc expression could be seen in the medial edge epithelial seam.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: PML body
messages: Polymeric SUMO1 chains undergo polyubiquitination by RNF4.
messages: Ubiquitin-like protein that can be covalently attached to proteins as a monomer or a lysine-linked polymer. Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by E3 ligases such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. This post-translational modification on lysine residues of proteins plays a crucial role in a number of cellular processes such as nuclear transport, DNA replication and repair, mitosis and signal transduction. Involved for instance in targeting RANGAP1 to the nuclear pore complex protein RANBP2. Covalently attached to the voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB1; this modulates the gating characteristics of KCNB1. Polymeric SUMO1 chains are also susceptible to polyubiquitination which functions as a signal for proteasomal degradation of modified proteins. May also regulate a network of genes involved in palate development. Covalently attached to ZFHX3 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Kcnq5
gene id: 10090:Kcnq5
uniprot id: E9Q9F1
uniprot id: G3UYG5
uniprot id: Q9JK45
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with KCNQ3 to form a potassium channel which contributes to M-type current, a slowly activating and deactivating potassium conductance which plays a critical role in determining the subthreshold electrical excitability of neurons. Therefore, it is important in the regulation of neuronal excitability. May contribute, with other potassium channels, to the molecular diversity of a heterogeneous population of M-channels, varying in kinetic and pharmacological properties, which underlie this physiologically important current.
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. KQT (TC 1.A.1.15) subfamily. Kv7.5/KCNQ5 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNQ3. Heterotetramer with KCNQ1; has a voltage-gated potassium channel activity.
messages: Membrane
messages: The activity of this channel is modulated by zinc, pH and volume changes.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Otoa
gene id: 10090:Otoa
uniprot id: Q8K561
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the stereocilin family.
messages: Expressed in cochlea on the upper surface of the spiral limbus at 16.5 dpc onwards.
messages: Expressed in the inner ear and vestibule.
messages: May act as an adhesion molecule.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Ces2f
gene id: 10090:Ces2f
uniprot id: Q08ED5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.

10090:Trdmt1
gene id: 10090:Trdmt1
uniprot id: O55055
uniprot id: Q5I0V6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. C5-methyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in thymus, testis, and at much lower levels in spleen, lung, brain, heart, kidney, liver, skeletal muscle and embryonic stem cells.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but show loss of 5-methylcytidine(38) in tRNA (PubMed:21183079, PubMed:22885326). Mice lacking both Nsun2 and Trdmt1 display a complete loss of cytosine-C5 tRNA methylation, leading to development defects and impaired cellular differentiation causing lethality before P3 (PubMed:22885326).
messages: Specifically methylates cytosine 38 in the anticodon loop of tRNA(Asp).

10090:Bcl2a1d
gene id: 10090:Bcl2a1d
uniprot id: O55179
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.

10090:Rps24
gene id: 10090:Rps24
uniprot id: P62849
uniprot id: Q5M9M7
uniprot id: Q9D7P1
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS24 family.
messages: Down-regulated during adipocyte differentiation and up-regulated during cellular transformation.
messages: Required for processing of pre-rRNA and maturation of 40S ribosomal subunits.

10090:Gabrb1
gene id: 10090:Gabrb1
uniprot id: P50571
uniprot id: Q53WT3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor (TC 1.A.9.5) subfamily. GABRB1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine (By similarity). Functions as receptor for diazepines and various anesthetics, such as pentobarbital; these are bound at a separate allosteric effector binding site. Functions as ligand-gated chloride channel.
messages: Heteropentamer, formed by a combination of alpha, beta, gamma, delta and rho chains. Binds UBQLN1. Interacts with KCTD8, KCTD12, KCTD12B and KCTD16; this interaction determines the pharmacology and kinetics of the receptor response, the KCTD proteins markedly accelerating the GABA-B response, although to different extents.
messages: Membrane
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Zmynd19
gene id: 10090:Zmynd19
uniprot id: Q9CQG3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Interacts with GPR24/MCH-R1.
messages: May be involved as a regulatory molecule in GPR24/MCH-R1 signaling.

10090:Gm10229
gene id: 10090:Gm10229
uniprot id: O08631
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 6 family.

10090:Vcl
gene id: 10090:Vcl
uniprot id: Q64727
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated; mainly by myristic acid but also by a small amount of palmitic acid.
messages: Actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein involved in cell-matrix adhesion and cell-cell adhesion. Regulates cell-surface E-cadherin expression and potentiates mechanosensing by the E-cadherin complex. May also play important roles in cell morphology and locomotion (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Exhibits self-association properties. Part of a complex composed of THSD1, PTK2/FAK1, TLN1 and VCL (By similarity). Interacts with APBB1IP, NRAP and TLN1. Interacts with SYNM. Interacts with CTNNB1 and this interaction is necessary for its localization to the cell-cell junctions and for its function in regulating cell surface expression of E-cadherin (By similarity). Interacts with SORBS1 (PubMed:10085297). Interacts with SYNM (By similarity). Interacts with CTNNA1 (By similarity). Binds to ACTN4; this interaction triggers conformational changes (By similarity).
messages: Exists in at least two conformations. When in the closed, 'inactive' conformation, extensive interactions between the head and tail domains prevent detectable binding to most of its ligands. It takes on an 'active' conformation after cooperative and simultaneous binding of two different ligands. This activation involves displacement of the head-tail interactions and leads to a significant accumulation of ternary complexes. The active form then binds a number of proteins that have both signaling and structural roles that are essential for cell adhesion.
messages: Phosphorylated; on serines, threonines and tyrosines. Phosphorylation on Tyr-1065 in activated platelets affects head-tail interactions and cell spreading but has no effect on actin binding nor on localization to focal adhesion plaques (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal globular head (Vh) comprises of subdomains D1-D4. The C-terminal tail (Vt) binds F-actin and cross-links actin filaments into bundles. An intramolecular interaction between Vh and Vt masks the F-actin-binding domain located in Vt. The binding of talin and alpha-actinin to the D1 subdomain of vinculin induces a helical bundle conversion of this subdomain, leading to the disruption of the intramolecular interaction and the exposure of the cryptic F-actin-binding domain of Vt. Vt inhibits actin filament barbed end elongation without affecting the critical concentration of actin assembly.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Tox
gene id: 10090:Tox
uniprot id: Q66JW3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Up-regulated in LCMV-specific CD8-positive T cells. Expressed at high levels in exhausted T cells during chronic infection.
messages: Belongs to the high motility group (HMG) box superfamily.
messages: Expressed in neurons of the subventricular zone (at protein level) (PubMed:25527292). Expressed in distinct subpopulations of thymocytes undergoing positive selection: double CD4-positive CD8-positive (DP) cells, CD4-positive CD8-low transitional cells and in single CD4-positive and CD8-positive cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11850626, PubMed:15078895). Expressed in ILC progenitors and mature ILC subsets: ILC1, ILC2 and ILC3 (at protein level) (PubMed:25915732). Expressed in lymphoid tissue-inducer cells and bone marrow NK cell subsets (PubMed:20818394). Abundant in thymus, liver and brain. Also detected in small intestine, spleen, stomach and testis (PubMed:11850626). Highly expressed in tumor-infiltrating CD8-positive T cells (at protein level) (PubMed:31207604).
messages: In the developing brain, expressed at embryonic day 9.5 dpc in neuroepithelium, displaying a rostral-high/ caudal-low and lateral-high/medial-low expression pattern. Abundant at 15.5 dpc in progenitors of the ventricular zone and differentiated neurons in the cortical plate. The lateral-medial gradient spread further in all cells of the ventricular zone of the lateral cortex by 18.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with HBO1 complex composed at least of KAT7/HBO1, ING4, MEAF6, and JADE2; this complex is involved in histone acetylation. Interacts with DNMT1, LEO1, PAF1, SAP130 and SIN3A; these interactors regulate chromatin remodeling. Interacts with an array of proteins involved in RNA processing and translation and DNA replication.
messages: Mutant mice lack lymph nodes. The development of Peyer's patches is compromised, detectable only in some mutants. Peyer's patches are much smaller in size less abundant when compared to wild-type littermates. T cell lymphopenia is a hallmark phenotype of TOX-deficient mice.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The HMG box is critical for TOX-dependent CD4-positive T cell lineage commitment.
messages: Transcriptional regulator with a major role in neural stem cell commitment and corticogenesis as well as in lymphoid cell development and lymphoid tissue organogenesis (PubMed:25527292, PubMed:20818394, PubMed:11850626, PubMed:18195075, PubMed:15078895, PubMed:25915732). Binds to GC-rich DNA sequences in the proximity of transcription start sites and may alter chromatin structure, modifying access of transcription factors to DNA (PubMed:25527292, PubMed:31207603, PubMed:31207604). During cortical development, controls the neural stem cell pool by inhibiting the switch from proliferative to differentiating progenitors. Beyond progenitor cells, promotes neurite outgrowth in newborn neurons migrating to reach the cortical plate. May activate or repress critical genes for neural stem cell fate such as SOX2, EOMES and ROBO2 (PubMed:25527292). Plays an essential role in the development of lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells, a subset necessary for the formation of secondary lymphoid organs: peripheral lymph nodes and Peyer's patches (PubMed:20818394). Acts as a developmental checkpoint and regulates thymocyte positive selection toward T cell lineage commitment (PubMed:11850626, PubMed:18195075). Required for the development of various T cell subsets, including CD4-positive helper T cells, CD8-positive cytotoxic T cells, regulatory T cells and CD1D-dependent natural killer T (NKT) cells (PubMed:18195075, PubMed:15078895). Required for the differentiation of common lymphoid progenitors (CMP) to innate lymphoid cells (ILC). May regulate the NOTCH-mediated gene program, promoting differentiation of the ILC lineage (PubMed:25915732). Required at the progenitor phase of NK cell development in the bone marrow to specify NK cell lineage commitment (PubMed:20818394). Upon chronic antigen stimulation, diverts T cell development by promoting the generation of exhaustive T cells, while suppressing effector and memory T cell programming. May regulate the expression of genes encoding i…
messages: Transiently up-regulated during key developmental transition of immune cell subsets, likely marking a developmental checkpoint. Up-regulated during beta and positive selection of developing thymocytes, upon activation of pre-T cell receptor or T cell receptor in a calcineurin-dependent manner (PubMed:11850626, PubMed:15078895). Low expression is detected in precursor bone marrow NK cells, then is up-regulated in immature and mature bone marrow NK cells and later down-regulated in splenic mature NK cells (PubMed:20818394).

10090:Kdm5d
gene id: 10090:Kdm5d
uniprot id: Q62240
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JARID1 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-9', H3 'Lys-27', H3 'Lys-36', H3 'Lys-79' or H4 'Lys-20'. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 'Lys-4'. May play a role in spermatogenesis. Involved in transcriptional repression of diverse metastasis-associated genes; in this function seems to cooperate with ZMYND8. Suppresses prostate cancer cell invasion. Regulates androgen receptor (AR) transcriptional activity by demethylating H3K4me3 active transcription marks (By similarity).
messages: Interacts withPCGF6, MSH5, ZMYND8, AR.
messages: KDM5D encodes an H-Y epitope that is defined by the octamer peptide TENSGKDI; since no similar peptide was found in KDM5C, it is presumably the genetic basis for the antigenic difference between males and females that contributes toward a tissue transplant rejection response.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The JmjC domain is required for enzymatic activity.

10090:Kdm3a
gene id: 10090:Kdm3a
uniprot id: Q6PCM1
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the JHDM2 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: By beta-adrenergic stimulation (at protein level).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression increases significantly during spermatogenesis with a 70-fold increase from day 7 testis to day 30 testis. First detected in the late pachytene stage, increases in diplotene and secondary spermatocytes and reaches its highest levels in round spermatids.
messages: Highly expressed in testis (at protein level). Also expressed at high levels in tissues responsive to sympathetic nerve activity such as brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Preferentially demethylates mono- and dimethylated H3 'Lys-9' residue, with a preference for dimethylated residue, while it has weak or no activity on trimethylated H3 'Lys-9'. Demethylation of Lys residue generates formaldehyde and succinate. Involved in hormone-dependent transcriptional activation, by participating in recruitment to androgen-receptor target genes, resulting in H3 'Lys-9' demethylation and transcriptional activation (By similarity). Involved in spermatogenesis by regulating expression of target genes such as PRM1 and TNP1 which are required for packaging and condensation of sperm chromatin (PubMed:17943087). Involved in obesity resistance through regulation of metabolic genes such as PPARA and UCP1.
messages: Leu-Xaa-Xaa-Leu-Leu (LXXLL) motifs are known to mediate the association with nuclear receptors.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Spermatogenesis defects and adult obesity.
messages: The JmjC domain and the C6-type zinc-finger are required for the demethylation activity.

10090:Nenf
gene id: 10090:Nenf
uniprot id: Q9CQ45
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a neurotrophic factor in postnatal mature neurons, enhancing neuronal survival (PubMed:15605373, PubMed:31536960). Promotes cell proliferation and neurogenesis in undifferentiated neural pro-genitor cells at the embryonic stage and inhibits differentiation of astrocytes (PubMed:16547973). Its neurotrophic activity is exerted via MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and AKT1/AKT pathways (PubMed:15605373, PubMed:16547973). Neurotrophic activity is enhanced by binding to heme (PubMed:18056703). Acts also as an anorexigenic neurotrophic factor that contributes to energy balance (PubMed:23576617).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome b5 family. MAPR subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: In embryonic cerebral cortex is first weakly detected at 12.5 dpc, and thereafter gradually increased. At 13.5 dpc expression is observed mostly in the preplate.
messages: In the embryo, expressed most abundantly in brain and spinal cord. Widely expressed in adult tissues including brain, heart, lung and kidney. In brain, expressed in neurons but not in glial cells (PubMed:15605373). In the hypothalamus is expressed primarily in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), with lower levels of expression in the arcuate nucleus (ARC)(PubMed:23576617).
messages: Interacts with PINK1 and PARK7.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Non-classical progesterone receptors involved in extranuclear signaling are classified in 2 groups: the class II progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family (also called mPRs) (PAQR5, PAQR6, PAQR7, PAQR8 and PAQR9) and the b5-like heme/steroid-binding protein family (also called MAPRs) (PGRMC1, PGRMC2, NENF and CYB5D2).
messages: The cytochrome b5 heme-binding domain was proven to bind heme, although it lacks the conserved iron-binding His residue at position 81.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Prkcq
gene id: 10090:Prkcq
uniprot id: A6H667
uniprot id: Q02111
uniprot id: Q920N8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylation at Thr-219 is required for targeting to the TCR and cellular function of PRKCQ upon antigen receptor ligation. Following TCR stimulation, phosphorylated at Tyr-90 and Ser-685 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that mediates non-redundant functions in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, including T-cells activation, proliferation, differentiation and survival, by mediating activation of multiple transcription factors such as NF-kappa-B, JUN, NFATC1 and NFATC2. In TCR-CD3/CD28-co-stimulated T-cells, is required for the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN, which in turn are essential for IL2 production, and participates in the calcium-dependent NFATC1 and NFATC2 transactivation. Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11 on several serine residues, inducing CARD11 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. May also play an indirect role in activation of the non-canonical NF-kappa-B (NFKB2) pathway. In the signaling pathway leading to JUN activation, acts by phosphorylating the mediator STK39/SPAK and may not act through MAP kinases signaling. Plays a critical role in TCR/CD28-induced NFATC1 and NFATC2 transactivation by participating in the regulation of reduced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate generation and intracellular calcium mobilization. After costimulation of T-cells through CD28 can phosphorylate CBLB and is required for the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CBLB, which is a prerequisite for the activation of TCR. During T-cells differentiation, plays an important role in the development of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells following immune and inflammatory responses, and, in the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases, is necessary for the activation of IL17-producing Th17 cells. May play a minor role in Th1 response. Upon TCR stimulation, mediates T-cell protective survival signal by phosphorylating BAD, thus protecting T-cells from BAD-induced apoptosis, and by up-regulating BCL-X(L)…
messages: Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that mediates non-redundant functions in T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling, including T-cells activation, proliferation, differentiation and survival, by mediating activation of multiple transcription factors such as NF-kappa-B, JUN, NFATC1 and NFATC2. In TCR-CD3/CD28-co-stimulated T-cells, is required for the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN, which in turn are essential for IL2 production, and participates to the calcium-dependent NFATC1 and NFATC2 transactivation. Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11 on several serine residues, inducing CARD11 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1. May also play an indirect role in activation of the non-canonical NF-kappa-B (NFKB2) pathway. In the signaling pathway leading to JUN activation, acts by phosphorylating the mediator STK39/SPAK and may not act through MAP kinases signaling. Plays a critical role in TCR/CD28-induced NFATC1 and NFATC2 transactivation by participating in the regulation of reduced inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate generation and intracellular calcium mobilization. After costimulation of T-cells through CD28 can phosphorylate CBLB and is required for the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of CBLB, which is a prerequisite for the activation of TCR. During T-cells differentiation, plays an important role in the development of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells following immune and inflammatory responses, and, in the development of inflammatory autoimmune diseases, is necessary for the activation of IL17-producing Th17 cells. May play a minor role in Th1 response. Upon TCR stimulation, mediates T-cell protective survival signal by phosphorylating BAD, thus protecting T-cells from BAD-induced apoptosis, and by up-regulating BCL-X(L)…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with GLRX3 (via N-terminus). Interacts with ECT2.
messages: Novel PKCs (PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH and PRKCQ) are calcium-insensitive, but activated by diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-538 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Ser-676 (turn motif) and Ser-695 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation (By similarity).
messages: Novel PKCs (PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH and PRKCQ) are calcium-insensitive, but activated by diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-538 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Ser-676 (turn motif) and Ser-695 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.
messages: Part of a membrane raft complex composed at least of BCL10, CARD11, MALT1 and IKBKB (By similarity). Interacts with GLRX3 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with ECT2 (By similarity). Interacts with CCDC88A/GIV; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of CCDC88A and inhibition of its guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity (By similarity).
messages: T-lymphocytes and skeletal muscle.
messages: The C1 domain, containing the phorbol ester/DAG-type region 1 (C1A) and 2 (C1B), is the diacylglycerol sensor and the C2 domain is a non-calcium binding domain.

10090:Vmn1r56
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r56
uniprot id: Q9EPS9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Meis2
gene id: 10090:Meis2
uniprot id: A0A0A7EPH8
uniprot id: B1AWK4
uniprot id: P97367
uniprot id: Q3TY73
uniprot id: Q3TYM2
uniprot id: Q3UJ35
uniprot id: Q6GU28
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TALE/MEIS homeobox family.
messages: By retinoic acid.
messages: Displays spatially restricted expression patterns in the developing nervous system, limbs, face, and in various viscera. In adult, it is mainly expressed in the brain and female genital tract, with a different distribution of the alternative splice forms in these organs. Lower expression in lung and only basal level in heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and testis. Expressed in pancreatic islets (beta-cells only) (PubMed:21059917).
messages: Expressed at high levels in all stages of embryonic development analyzed (7 days to 17 days). First detected around 10.5 dpc in the developing ventrolateral telencephalon. Is found at moderate levels throughout the ventricle zone (VZ) of the entire telencephalon with the exception of the ventro- and dorso-medial regions. The highest expression is detected in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and developing striatum. By 16.5 dpc, also found in the cortical plate. Also expressed at high levels in the caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) and amygdala. Expression in the telencephalon remains unchanged at birth and into adulthood.
messages: Involved in transcriptional regulation. Binds to HOX or PBX proteins to form dimers, or to a DNA-bound dimer of PBX and HOX proteins and thought to have a role in stabilization of the homeoprotein-DNA complex. Isoform Meis2B is required for the activity of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in pancreatic acinar cells involved in the transcriptional activation of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the enhancer A element; MEIS2 is not involved in complex DNA-binding. Probably in complex with PBX1, is involved in transcriptional regulation by KLF4. Isoforms Meis2B and Meis2D can bind to a EPHA8 promoter sequence containing the DNA motif 5'-CGGTCA-3'; in cooperation with a PBX protein (such as PBX2) is proposed to be involved in the transcriptional activation of EPHA8 in the developing midbrain. May be involved in regulation of myeloid differentiation. Can bind to the DNA sequence 5'-TGACAG-3'in the activator ACT sequence of the D(1A) dopamine receptor (DRD1) promoter and activate DRD1 transcription.
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Heterodimer with HOXB13 (By similarity). Isoform Meis2A interacts with TLX1. Isoform Meis2B interacts with HOXA13 and PBX1 isoform PBX1b. Isoform Meis2D interacts with SP1, SP3 and KLF4. Isoform Meis2D interacts with PBX1 isoform PBX1a; the interaction partially relieves MEIS2 autoinhibition. Isoform Meis2B is part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex; Meis2B is recruited by PBX1b and can be replaced by isoform Meis2D in a small fraction of complexes. Can form trimeric complexes including HOXB8 and PBX2 or PBX3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Rpap2
gene id: 10090:Rpap2
uniprot id: Q8VC34
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the RNA polymerase II complex. Interacts with transcribing RNA polymerase II phosphorylated on 'Ser-7' on CTD (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the RPAP2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase that displays CTD phosphatase activity and regulates transcription of snRNA genes. Recognizes and binds phosphorylated 'Ser-7' of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A, and mediates dephosphorylation of 'Ser-5' of the CTD, thereby promoting transcription of snRNA genes.

10090:Il1rn
gene id: 10090:Il1rn
uniprot id: P25085
uniprot id: Q3TBV5
uniprot id: Q542C7
uniprot id: Q542W1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Anti-inflammatory antagonist of interleukin-1 family of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta/IL1B and interleukin-1alpha/IL1A. Protects from immune dysregulation and uncontrolled systemic inflammation triggered by IL1 for a range of innate stimulatory agents such as pathogens.
messages: Belongs to the IL-1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice still possess other negative regulators of IL1 activity and adapt to excessive IL1 via shedding of IL1R1.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lnx2
gene id: 10090:Lnx2
uniprot id: Q91XL2
names: Domain
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Interacts with the phosphotyrosine interaction domain of NUMB.
messages: The NPXY motif is required for the interaction with the PID domain of NUMB. It is however not sufficient.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Txnl1
gene id: 10090:Txnl1
uniprot id: Q8CDN6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Active thioredoxin with a redox potential of about -250 mV.
messages: Component of the 19S regulatory cap of the 26S proteasome. Interacts with PSMD14/RPN11. Interacts with, and reduces EEF1A1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rae1
gene id: 10090:Rae1
uniprot id: Q8C570
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat rae1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with NUMA1 (via N-terminal end of the coiled-coil domain); this interaction promotes spindle formation in mitosis (By similarity). Interacts with NUP98 (PubMed:10209021). Interacts with MYCBP2 (By similarity). Interacts with USP11 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a role in mitotic bipolar spindle formation. Binds mRNA. May function in nucleocytoplasmic transport and in directly or indirectly attaching cytoplasmic mRNPs to the cytoskeleton.
messages: spindle pole

10090:Spcs3
gene id: 10090:Spcs3
uniprot id: Q6ZWQ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPCS3 family.
messages: Component of the signal peptidase complex paralog A (SPC-A) composed of a catalytic subunit SEC11A and three accessory subunits SPCS1, SPCS2 and SPCS3. Component of the signal peptidase complex paralog C (SPC-C) composed of a catalytic subunit SEC11C and three accessory subunits SPCS1, SPCS2 and SPCS3. Within the complex, interacts with SEC11A or SEC11C and SPCS1. The complex induces a local thinning of the ER membrane which is used to measure the length of the signal peptide (SP) h-region of protein substrates. This ensures the selectivity of the complex towards h-regions shorter than 18-20 amino acids.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Essential component of the signal peptidase complex (SPC) which catalyzes the cleavage of N-terminal signal sequences from nascent proteins as they are translocated into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Essential for the SPC catalytic activity, possibly by stabilizing and positioning the active center of the complex close to the lumenal surface (By similarity).

10090:Pramel14
gene id: 10090:Pramel14
uniprot id: A2ASJ1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.

10090:Ssxb9
gene id: 10090:Ssxb9
uniprot id: A2BI93
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SSX family.
messages: Could act as a modulator of transcription.

10090:Raver2
gene id: 10090:Raver2
uniprot id: Q7TPD6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed throughout embryogenesis. Detected at low levels in adult lung, brain and kidney, but not in the other tissues tested.
messages: Interacts with PTBP1 and RAVER1.
messages: May bind single-stranded nucleic acids.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Flrt1
gene id: 10090:Flrt1
uniprot id: Q6RKD8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected at comparable levels in embryonic brain and in brain from ten day old animals (at protein level) (PubMed:16872596). Detected in neuroectoderm at 7.5 dpc. Detected in midbrain between 8.5 and 9 dpc (PubMed:18448090). Detected at 9.5 dpc in embryonic midbrain adjacent to the boundary between midbrain and forebrain (PubMed:16872596). At 10.5 dpc, expression is also detected in the eye, throughout the brain, the dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia, and in cells adjacent to the urogenital ridge in the torso (PubMed:16872596, PubMed:18448090). At 11 dpc, expression in midbrain is tightly restricted to the boundary between midbrain and hindbrain (PubMed:16872596).
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with FGFR1 (PubMed:16872596). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with ADGRL1/LPHN1 and ADGRL3 (via olfactomedin-like domain) (PubMed:22405201).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Phosphorylated in response to FGFR1 signaling, but is not a direct substrate of FGFR1 or SRC. A mutant where the Tyr phosphorylation sites have been replaced by Phe displays constitutive FGFR1-dependent activation of downstream MAP kinases.
messages: Plays a role in fibroblast growth factor-mediated signaling cascades that lead to the activation of MAP kinases (PubMed:16872596, PubMed:20421966). Promotes neurite outgrowth via FGFR1-mediated activation of downstream MAP kinases. Promotes an increase both in neurite number and in neurite length (PubMed:20421966). May play a role in cell-cell adhesion and cell guidance via its interaction with ADGRL1/LPHN1 and ADGRL3 (PubMed:22405201).
messages: Proteolytic cleavage in the juxtamembrane region gives rise to a soluble ectodomain.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by FGF2.
messages: focal adhesion
messages: neuron projection
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Thumpd1
gene id: 10090:Thumpd1
uniprot id: Q99J36
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the THUMPD1 family.
messages: Functions as a tRNA-binding adapter to mediate NAT10-dependent tRNA acetylation.
messages: Interacts with NAT10.

10090:Mast3
gene id: 10090:Mast3
uniprot id: A0A1D5RM97
uniprot id: Q3U214
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Interacts with PTEN.

10090:Ugcg
gene id: 10090:Ugcg
uniprot id: O88693
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family.
messages: Embryonic lethal (PubMed:10430909). Homozygous knockout embryos initiate gastrulation with clear differentiation into embryonic germ layers, mesoderm, endoderm and ectoderm as well as the regional expression of critical genes (PubMed:10430909). However, a major apoptotic process leads to their resorption that starts at 7.5 dpc and is completed at 9.5 dpc (PubMed:10430909). Neural cell-specific conditional knockout does not affect early brain development but mice die between postnatal days 11 and 24 (PubMed:16109770). Dysfunction of cerebellum and peripheral nerves associated with some structural defects are observed (PubMed:16109770, PubMed:20544855). Peripheral nerves display increased surface area for both axon and myelin (PubMed:16109770). Purkinje cells undergo axonal degeneration associated with a disruption of myelin sheaths (PubMed:20544855). Forebrain neuron-specific conditional knockout leads to development of progressive obesity, hyperleptinemia, and glucose intolerance (PubMed:23554574). Epidermal-specific conditional knockout leads to a significant decrease of the total glucosylceramide content in the epidermis, a failure of the skin water barrier and a detachment of the stratum corneum (PubMed:17145749). Enterocyte-specific conditional knockout mice display deficient absorption of nutritional lipids (PubMed:22851168). Severe defects in intestinal epithelial differentiation also appear between postnatal days 5 and 7 but not before (PubMed:22851168). Hepatocyte-specific conditional knockout does not change basic liver functions with respect to sterol, glucose, and lipoprotein homeostasis (PubMed:20432257).
messages: Expressed early in preimplantation development, being already detected in eight-cell-stage embryos.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with RTN1; regulates the ceramide glucosyltransferase activity of UGCG.
messages: Participates in the initial step of the glucosylceramide-based glycosphingolipid/GSL synthetic pathway at the cytosolic surface of the Golgi. Catalyzes the transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose to ceramide to produce glucosylceramide/GlcCer (such as beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine) (PubMed:10430909, PubMed:16109770, PubMed:28373486). Glucosylceramide is the core component of glycosphingolipids/GSLs, amphipathic molecules consisting of a ceramide lipid moiety embedded in the outer leaflet of the membrane, linked to one of hundreds of different externally oriented oligosaccharide structures (PubMed:10430909). Glycosphingolipids are essential components of membrane microdomains that mediate membrane trafficking and signal transduction (PubMed:10430909). They are implicated in many fundamental cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, migration, morphogenesis, cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions (PubMed:10430909). They are required for instance in the proper development and functioning of the nervous system (PubMed:16109770). As an example of their role in signal transduction, they regulate the leptin receptor/LEPR in the leptin-mediated signaling pathway (PubMed:23554574). They also play an important role in the establishment of the skin barrier regulating keratinocyte differentiation and the proper assembly of the cornified envelope (PubMed:17145749, PubMed:23748427). The biosynthesis of GSLs is also required for the proper intestinal endocytic uptake of nutritional lipids (PubMed:22851168). Catalyzes the synthesis of xylosylceramide/XylCer (such as beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine) using UDP-Xyl as xylose donor (PubMed:33361282).
messages: The D1, D2, D3, (Q/R)XXRW motif is a critical part of the GCS active site, involved in catalysis and UDP-sugar binding.

10090:Slc7a8
gene id: 10090:Slc7a8
uniprot id: Q9QXW9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily. L-type amino acid transporter (LAT) (TC 2.A.3.8) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Disulfide-linked heterodimer with the amino acid transport protein SLC3A2/4F2hc.
messages: Sodium-independent, high-affinity transport of small and large neutral amino acids such as alanine, serine, threonine, cysteine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, arginine and tryptophan, when associated with SLC3A2/4F2hc. Acts as an amino acid exchanger. Has higher affinity for L-phenylalanine than LAT1 but lower affinity for glutamine and serine. L-alanine is transported at physiological concentrations. Plays a role in basolateral (re)absorption of neutral amino acids. Involved in the uptake of methylmercury (MeHg) when administered as the L-cysteine or D,L-homocysteine complexes, and hence plays a role in metal ion homeostasis and toxicity. Involved in the cellular activity of small molecular weight nitrosothiols, via the stereoselective transport of L-nitrosocysteine (L-CNSO) across the transmembrane. Plays an essential role in the reabsorption of neutral amino acids from the epithelial cells to the bloodstream in the kidney.
messages: Strongly expressed in kidney and small intestine. Moderately present in placenta, ovary and brain.

10090:Zfp354a
gene id: 10090:Zfp354a
uniprot id: Q61751
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Highly expressed in eye and kidney. Detected at high levels in adult brain and kidney, and at lower levels in adult liver, lung, skeletal muscle, heart, salivary gland, testis and tongue. Detected in embryonic brain, heart, lung,kidney and gut.
messages: It may play a role in renal development and may also be involved in the repair of the kidney after ischemia-reperfusion or folic acid administration.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Zbed4
gene id: 10090:Zbed4
uniprot id: Q80WQ9
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the thymus (PubMed:19369242). In the retina, expressed in the cone photoreceptors (PubMed:19369242, PubMed:22693546).
messages: Homodimer; via C-terminus (By similarity). Interacts with MYH9 (By similarity). Interacts with SAFB/SAFB1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Photoreceptor inner segment
messages: The sequence differs from that shown because it seems to be derived from a pre-mRNA.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that binds to poly-guanine tracts in gene promoters and activates transcription (By similarity). Able to bind single- and double-stranded DNA and RNA (PubMed:22693546).

10090:Eps15
gene id: 10090:Eps15
uniprot id: P42567
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Interacts with HGS; the interaction bridges the interaction of STAM or STAM2 with EPS15. Isoform 2 interacts with HGS and AP2A2. Part of a complex at least composed of EPS15, HGS, and either STAM or STAM2. Binds AP2A2. Interacts with AP2B1; clathrin competes with EPS15. Binds STON2. Interacts (via its SH3-binding sites) with CRK. Interacts with SH3BP4/TTP. Interacts with ERBB2. Interacts (via UIM repeats) with CORO7 (when ubiquitinated at 'Lys-472') (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO1 (By similarity). Interacts with FCHO2. Interacts with SGIP1. Interacts (via EH domains) with DAB2. Interacts (via UIM domains) with UBQLN1 (via ubiquitin-like domain) and can interact with both the ubiquitinated and the non-ubiquitinated forms of UBQLN1. Interacts with UBQLN2 (By similarity). Interacts with REPS2; the interaction is direct (PubMed:10393179). Interacts with EPN1; the interaction is direct (By similarity).
messages: Involved in cell growth regulation. May be involved in the regulation of mitogenic signals and control of cell proliferation. Involved in the internalization of ligand-inducible receptors of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) type, in particular EGFR. Plays a role in the assembly of clathrin-coated pits (CCPs). Acts as a clathrin adapter required for post-Golgi trafficking. Seems to be involved in CCPs maturation including invagination or budding. Involved in endocytosis of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) and transferrin receptor (TFR); internalization of ITGB1 as DAB2-dependent cargo but not TFR seems to require association with DAB2.
messages: Phosphorylated on serine upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR (By similarity). Phosphorylation on Tyr-850 is involved in the internalization of EGFR. Not required for membrane translocation after EGF treatment or for targeting to coated pits, but essential for a subsequent step in EGFR endocytosis.
messages: The EH domain interacts with Asn-Pro-Phe (NPF) motifs of target proteins.
messages: The UIM (ubiquitin-interacting motif) repeats specifically bind 'Lys-33'-linked ubiquitin.
messages: Ubiquitinated.
messages: clathrin-coated pit

10090:Brd8
gene id: 10090:Brd8
uniprot id: Q8R3B7
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex which contains the catalytic subunit KAT5/TIP60 and the subunits EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, ING3, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, MORF4L1/MRG15, MORF4L2/MRGX, MRGBP, YEATS4/GAS41, VPS72/YL1 and MEAF6. Component of a NuA4-related complex which contains EP400, TRRAP/PAF400, SRCAP, BRD8/SMAP, EPC1, DMAP1/DNMAP1, RUVBL1/TIP49, RUVBL2, actin, ACTL6A/BAF53A, VPS72 and YEATS4/GAS41. BRD8 isoform 2 interacts with RXRA/NR2B1 and THRB/ERBA2. Component of a SWR1-like complex (By similarity).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: May act as a coactivator during transcriptional activation by hormone-activated nuclear receptors (NR). Stimulates transcriptional activation by AR/DHTR, ESR1/NR3A1, RXRA/NR2B1 and THRB/ERBA2. Component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4 and H2A. This modification may both alter nucleosome - DNA interactions and promote interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription. This complex may be required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with oncogene and proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair. NuA4 may also play a direct role in DNA repair when recruited to sites of DNA damage. Component of a SWR1-like complex that specifically mediates the removal of histone H2A.Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Virma
gene id: 10090:Virma
uniprot id: A2AIV2
uniprot id: E9PZY8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associated component of the WMM complex, a complex that mediates N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of RNAs, a modification that plays a role in the efficiency of mRNA splicing and RNA processing. Acts as a key regulator of m6A methylation by promoting m6A methylation of mRNAs in the 3'-UTR near the stop codon: recruits the catalytic core components METTL3 and METTL14, thereby guiding m6A methylation at specific sites. Required for mRNA polyadenylation via its role in selective m6A methylation: m6A methylation of mRNAs in the 3'-UTR near the stop codon correlating with alternative polyadenylation (APA).
messages: Belongs to the vir family.
messages: Component of the WMM complex, a N6-methyltransferase complex composed of a catalytic subcomplex, named MAC, and of an associated subcomplex, named MACOM (PubMed:29535189, PubMed:29547716). The MAC subcomplex is composed of METTL3 and METTL14 (PubMed:29535189, PubMed:29547716). The MACOM subcomplex is composed of WTAP, ZC3H13, CBLL1/HAKAI, VIRMA, and, in some cases of RBM15 (RBM15 or RBM15B) (PubMed:29535189, PubMed:29547716). Interacts with WTAP (By similarity). Also a component of a MACOM-like complex, named WTAP complex, composed of WTAP, ZC3H13, CBLL1, VIRMA, RBM15, BCLAF1 and THRAP3 (By similarity). Interacts with NUDT21 and CPSF6 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Zkscan16
gene id: 10090:Zkscan16
uniprot id: A2ALW2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ppic
gene id: 10090:Ppic
uniprot id: P30412
uniprot id: Q3UC73
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by cyclosporin A (CsA).
messages: PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding.
messages: PPIases accelerate the folding of proteins. It catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides.
messages: Specifically expressed in kidney.

10090:Kif1c
gene id: 10090:Kif1c
uniprot id: O35071
uniprot id: Q3V3Y9
uniprot id: Q8VI89
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Unc-104 subfamily.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Motor required for the retrograde transport of Golgi vesicles to the endoplasmic reticulum. Has a microtubule plus end-directed motility (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gm4836
gene id: 10090:Gm4836
uniprot id: Q62478
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Smyd3
gene id: 10090:Smyd3
uniprot id: Q9CWR2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Histone methyltransferase activity strongly stimulated by HSPCA.
messages: Histone methyltransferase. Specifically methylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, inducing di- and tri-methylation, but not monomethylation. Also methylates 'Lys-5' of histone H4. Plays an important role in transcriptional activation as a member of an RNA polymerase complex. Binds DNA containing 5'-CCCTCC-3' or 5'-GAGGGG-3' sequences.
messages: Interacts with HSPCA. Interacts with HELZ. Interacts with POLR2A; the interaction may be indirect and may be mediated by HELZ. Interacts with HSP90AA1; this interaction enhances SMYD3 histone-lysine N-methyltransferase.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Il12rb1
gene id: 10090:Il12rb1
uniprot id: Q60837
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 2 subfamily.
messages: Dimer or oligomer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with IL12RB2 to form the high affinity IL12 receptor. Heterodimer with IL23R; in presence of IL23. The heterodimer forms the IL23 receptor (By similarity).
messages: Functions as an interleukin receptor which binds interleukin-12 with low affinity and is involved in IL12 transduction. Associated with IL12RB2 it forms a functional, high affinity receptor for IL12. Associates also with IL23R to form the interleukin-23 receptor which functions in IL23 signal transduction probably through activation of the Jak-Stat signaling cascade.
messages: Membrane
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.

10090:Crls1
gene id: 10090:Crls1
uniprot id: A0A0C3SFZ5
uniprot id: Q80ZM8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase class-I family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of cardiolipin (CL) (diphosphatidylglycerol) by specifically transferring a phosphatidyl group from CDP-diacylglycerol to phosphatidylglycerol (PG). CL is a key phospholipid in mitochondrial membranes and plays important roles in maintaining the functional integrity and dynamics of mitochondria under both optimal and stress conditions.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Irak1
gene id: 10090:Irak1
uniprot id: Q62406
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Pelle subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed from 11 dpc to 18 dpc.
messages: Following recruitment on the activated receptor complex, phosphorylated on Thr-209, probably by IRAK4, resulting in a conformational change of the kinase domain, allowing further phosphorylations to take place. Thr-387 phosphorylation in the activation loop is required to achieve full enzymatic activity (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in liver, followed by kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Forms a complex with TRAF6, PELI1, IRAK4 and MYD88 (PubMed:16951688). Direct binding of SMAD6 to PELI1 prevents complex formation and hence negatively regulates IL1R-TLR signaling and eventually NF-kappa-B-mediated gene expression (By similarity). The TRAF6-PELI1-IRAK4-MYD88 complex recruits MAP3K7/TAK1, TAB1 and TAB2 to mediate NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Interaction with MYD88 recruits IRAK1 to the stimulated receptor complex (By similarity). Interacts with TOLLIP; this interaction occurs in the cytosol prior to receptor activation (By similarity). Interacts with IL1RL1 (By similarity). Interacts (when polyubiquitinated) with IKBKG/NEMO (By similarity). Interacts with RSAD2/viperin (PubMed:21435586). Interacts with IRAK1BP1 (PubMed:11096118). Interacts with PELI2 (PubMed:12370331). Interacts with ZC3H12A; this interaction increases the interaction between ZC3H12A and IKBKB/IKKB (PubMed:22037600). Interacts with IRAK4 (By similarity). Interacts with PELI3 (By similarity). Interacts with PELI1 and TRAF6 (By similarity). Interacts with INAVA; the interaction takes place upon PRR stimulation (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with NFATC4 (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Mice show a loss in TLR7- and TLR9-mediated IFN-alpha production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells demonstrating an important role in innate immune response.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated by TRAF6 after cell stimulation with IL-1-beta by PELI1, PELI2 and PELI3. Polyubiquitination occurs with polyubiquitin chains linked through 'Lys-63'. Ubiquitination promotes interaction with NEMO/IKBKG. Also sumoylated; leading to nuclear translocation (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays a critical role in initiating innate immune response against foreign pathogens. Involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR) and IL-1R signaling pathways. Is rapidly recruited by MYD88 to the receptor-signaling complex upon TLR activation. Association with MYD88 leads to IRAK1 phosphorylation by IRAK4 and subsequent autophosphorylation and kinase activation. Phosphorylates E3 ubiquitin ligases Pellino proteins (PELI1, PELI2 and PELI3) to promote pellino-mediated polyubiquitination of IRAK1. Then, the ubiquitin-binding domain of IKBKG/NEMO binds to polyubiquitinated IRAK1 bringing together the IRAK1-MAP3K7/TAK1-TRAF6 complex and the NEMO-IKKA-IKKB complex. In turn, MAP3K7/TAK1 activates IKKs (CHUK/IKKA and IKBKB/IKKB) leading to NF-kappa-B nuclear translocation and activation. Alternatively, phosphorylates TIRAP to promote its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Phosphorylates the interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) to induce its activation and translocation to the nucleus, resulting in transcriptional activation of type I IFN genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state. When sumoylated, translocates to the nucleus and phosphorylates STAT3 (By similarity).
messages: The ProST region is composed of many proline and serine residues (more than 20 of each) and some threonines. This region is the site of IRAK-1 hyperphosphorylation (By similarity).

10090:Rpgr
gene id: 10090:Rpgr
uniprot id: Q9R0X5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At postnatal day 3 isoform 1 is expressed in the retina in a narrow band at the developing photoreceptor layer; expression in this band persists through to postnatal day 14 but becomes severely diminished in the adult retina. Isoform 5 is first detected in the retina at postnatal day 14 and is expressed at increased levels in the adult retina (at protein level). Expressed throughout embryonic development from day 7 of gestation. Also expressed in adult.
messages: Could be a guanine-nucleotide releasing factor (By similarity). Plays a role in ciliogenesis (By similarity). Probably regulates cilia formation by regulating actin stress filaments and cell contractility (By similarity). May be involved in microtubule organization and regulation of transport in primary cilia (By similarity). Plays an important role in photoreceptor integrity. Isoform 5 may play a critical role in spermatogenesis and in intraflagellar transport processes.
messages: Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:10401007, PubMed:22323458, PubMed:12140192, PubMed:16632484, PubMed:20007830, PubMed:21546531, PubMed:29899041). Isoforms 1: Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:21546531). Isoform 5: Expressed in the retina (at protein level) (PubMed:20007830, PubMed:21546531). Expressed in the brain (PubMed:9677393, PubMed:10401007). Expressed in the testis (at protein level) (PubMed:10401007, PubMed:18579752). Expressed in kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:10401007, PubMed:20805823).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: In a mouse model of X-linked retinosa pigmentosa, where a 32bp duplication leads to a frameshift in the reading frame and a premature stop codon in isoform 5 (ORF15), mice exhibited retinal pathology including pigment loss and a slow progressive decrease in outer nuclear layer thickness.
messages: Interacts with SPATA7 (PubMed:29899041). Interacts with PDE6D (PubMed:9990021). Interacts with RPGRIP1 and RPGRIP1L; PDE6D, RPGRIP1 and RPGRIP1L may compete for the same binding sites (By similarity). Interacts with NPM1 (By similarity). Interacts with PDE6D. Isoform 5 interacts (via N-terminus) with SMC1A and SMC3 (PubMed:16043481). Isoform 5 interacts with CEP290 (PubMed:16632484). Interacts with WHRN (PubMed:22323458).
messages: Male BL/6 and BALB/c transgenic mice with an in-frame deletion of exon 4 of Rpgr show retinal degeneration that is rod or cone dominated, respectively.
messages: Male transgenic mice carrying multiple copies of the Rpgr transgene are infertile showing normal mating but no progeny; these mice also exhibit reduced sperm numbers as well as morphological and functional defects in the sperm flagellum.
messages: Overexpression of isoform 1 results in atypical accumulation of Rpgr in photoreceptor outer segments, abnormal photoreceptor morphology and severe retinal degeneration.
messages: Prenylated.
messages: The RCC1 repeat region mediates interactions with RPGRIP1.
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cilium basal body
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Krt82
gene id: 10090:Krt82
uniprot id: Q99M74
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: There are two types of hair/microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic).

10090:Jun
gene id: 10090:Jun
uniprot id: P05627
uniprot id: Q52L79
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated at Lys-271 by EP300.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. Jun subfamily.
messages: Heterodimer with either BATF3 or ATF7 (By similarity). Heterodimer with FOS (PubMed:29272704). Heterodimer with FOSB isoform 1 and 2 (PubMed:29272704). Component of an AP-1 transcription factor complex composed of JUN-FOS heterodimers (PubMed:2498083). As part of the AP-1 transcription factor complex, forms heterodimers with FOSB, thereby binding to the AP-1 consensus sequence and stimulating transcription (PubMed:2498083). The ATF7/JUN heterodimer is essential for ATF7 transactivation activity. Interacts with SP1, SPIB and TCF20. Interacts with COPS5; the interaction leads indirectly to its phosphorylation. Component of the SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS/complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site. The SMAD3/SMAD4 heterodimer acts synergistically with the JUN/FOS heterodimer to activate transcription in response to TGF-beta (By similarity). Interacts (via its basic DNA binding and leucine zipper domains) with SMAD3 (via an N-terminal domain); the interaction is required for TGF-beta-mediated transactivation of the SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS/complex (By similarity). Interacts with DSIPI; the interaction inhibits the binding of active AP1 to its target DNA (PubMed:11397794). Interacts with HIVEP3 and MYBBP1A (PubMed:9447996, PubMed:14707112). Interacts with methylated RNF187 (PubMed:20852630). Binds to HIPK3. Interacts (when phosphorylated) with FBXW7 (By similarity). Interacts with PRR7 (PubMed:27458189). Found in a complex with PRR7 and FBXW7 (By similarity). Interacts with PRR7 and FBXW7; the interaction inhibits ubiquitination-mediated JUN degradation promoting its phosphorylation and transcriptional activity (By similarity). Interacts with RBM39 (PubMed:11704680). Interacts with PAGE4 (By similarity). Interacts with FOSL1 and FOSL2 (PubMed:29272704).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CaMK4 and PRKDC; phosphorylation enhances the transcriptional activity. Phosphorylated by HIPK3. Phosphorylated by DYRK2 at Ser-246; this primes the protein for subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B at Thr-242. Phosphorylated at Thr-242, Ser-246 and Ser-252 by GSK3B; phosphorylation reduces its ability to bind DNA. Phosphorylated by PAK2 at Thr-2, Thr-8, Thr-89, Thr-93 and Thr-289 thereby promoting JUN-mediated cell proliferation and transformation. Phosphorylated by PLK3 following hypoxia or UV irradiation, leading to increase DNA-binding activity (By similarity).
messages: Transcription factor that recognizes and binds to the AP-1 consensus motif 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' (PubMed:14707112). Heterodimerizes with proteins of the FOS family to form an AP-1 transcription factor complex, thereby enhancing its DNA binding activity to the AP-1 consensus sequence 5'-TGA[GC]TCA-3' and enhancing its transcriptional activity (PubMed:2498083). Together with FOSB, plays a role in activation-induced cell death of T cells by binding to the AP-1 promoter site of FASLG/CD95L, and inducing its transcription in response to activation of the TCR/CD3 signaling pathway (By similarity). Promotes activity of NR5A1 when phosphorylated by HIPK3 leading to increased steroidogenic gene expression upon cAMP signaling pathway stimulation (PubMed:17210646). Involved in activated KRAS-mediated transcriptional activation of USP28 (By similarity). Binds to the USP28 promoter (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the SCF(FBXW7), leading to its degradation. Ubiquitination takes place following phosphorylation, that promotes interaction with FBXW7.

10090:Slc35f1
gene id: 10090:Slc35f1
uniprot id: Q8BGK5
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SLC35F solute transporter family.
messages: Chimeric cDNA.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative solute transporter.

10090:Gpr61
gene id: 10090:Gpr61
uniprot id: Q8C010
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice exhibit obesity associated with hyperphagia.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Forms heterodimer with MTNR1B. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2 in a spontaneous and agonist-independent manner; leading to the internalization of GPR61 in the endosomal compartment (By similarity).
messages: Orphan G-protein coupled receptor. Constitutively activates the G(s)-alpha/cAMP signaling pathway (By similarity). Shows a reciprocal regulatory interaction with the melatonin receptor MTNR1B most likely through receptor heteromerization (By similarity). May be involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight (PubMed:21971119).
messages: Predominantly expressed in the brain and testes, with relatively lower expression observed in the eye, adrenal gland and pituitary gland.

10090:Thoc1
gene id: 10090:Thoc1
uniprot id: Q8R3N6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: An intact death domain is needed for apoptosis.
messages: Component of the THO complex, which is composed of THOC1, THOC2, THOC3, THOC5, THOC6 and THOC7; together with at least ALYREF/THOC4, DDX39B, SARNP/CIP29 and CHTOP, THO forms the transcription/export (TREX) complex which seems to have a dynamic structure involving ATP-dependent remodeling. Binds to the hypophosphorylated form of RB1. Interacts with THOC2, DDX39B and RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Interacts with THOC5 (PubMed:16909111). Interacts with LUZP4 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expression is altered specifically during apoptosis and is accompanied by the appearance of novel forms with smaller apparent molecular mass.
messages: Mice show early embryonic lethality and severely diminished fertility.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Participates in an apoptotic pathway which is characterized by activation of caspase-6, increases in the expression of BAK1 and BCL2L1 and activation of NF-kappa-B. This pathway does not require p53/TP53, nor does the presence of p53/TP53 affect the efficiency of cell killing. Activates a G2/M cell cycle checkpoint prior to the onset of apoptosis. Apoptosis is inhibited by association with RB1 (By similarity). Essential for early embryonic development. Required for normal gene expression during postnatal testis development.
messages: Polyubiquitinated, leading to proteasomal degradation; probably involves NEDD4.
messages: Required for efficient export of polyadenylated RNA. Acts as component of the THO subcomplex of the TREX complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export, and which specifically associates with spliced mRNA and not with unspliced pre-mRNA. TREX is recruited to spliced mRNAs by a transcription-independent mechanism, binds to mRNA upstream of the exon-junction complex (EJC) and is recruited in a splicing- and cap-dependent manner to a region near the 5' end of the mRNA where it functions in mRNA export to the cytoplasm via the TAP/NFX1 pathway. Regulates transcriptional elongation of a subset of genes. Involved in genome stability by preventing co-transcriptional R-loop formation (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed during embryonic development.
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Hlx
gene id: 10090:Hlx
uniprot id: Q549B7
uniprot id: Q61670
uniprot id: Q6P3B7
uniprot id: Q80YV1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the H2.0 homeobox family.
messages: By TBX21 in developing as well as mature Th1 cells.
messages: Expressed in Th1 cells, CD8-positive T-cells, B-cells and NK cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Th1 cells lacking Hlx or Tbx21 fail to express normal levels of the Th1-specific cytokine Ifng.
messages: Transcription factor required for TBX21/T-bet-dependent maturation of Th1 cells as well as maintenance of Th1-specific gene expression. Involved in embryogenesis and hematopoiesis.

10090:Myadml2
gene id: 10090:Myadml2
uniprot id: Q08AU7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MAL family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Gnb3
gene id: 10090:Gnb3
uniprot id: Q54AE3
uniprot id: Q61011
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat G protein beta family.
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma. Interacts with RASD2 (By similarity).
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.

10090:Bcl2l13
gene id: 10090:Bcl2l13
uniprot id: P59017
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Bcl-2 family.
messages: May promote the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Monomer.

10090:Ldhc
gene id: 10090:Ldhc
uniprot id: P00342
uniprot id: Q548Z6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. LDH family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed within the midpiece of sperm tail (at protein level).
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with RABL2/RABL2A; binds preferentially to GTP-bound RABL2.
messages: Possible role in sperm motility.

10090:Myh14
gene id: 10090:Myh14
uniprot id: Q6URW6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping.
messages: Constitutively active isoform which does not require phosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light chain for activity.
messages: Highest levels in lung, kidney, brain and colon, very low levels in liver and bladder and no expression in spleen or seminal vesicle (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in liver, kidney and testis with low levels in skeletal muscle and heart. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in brain and lung. Isoform 2 is the main isoform expressed in skeletal muscle and heart. Isoform 3 is limited to brain stem, cerebellum and spinal cord.
messages: Myosin is a hexameric protein that consists of 2 heavy chain subunits (MHC), 2 alkali light chain subunits (MLC) and 2 regulatory light chain subunits (MLC-2).
messages: Requires phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain for activity.
messages: Survival to adulthood with no obvious defects in brain structure, lung and heart development and no evidence for defective cell division. Deletion in animals expressing only 12% of wild-type amounts of Myh10 results in an increase in cardiac myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis compared with the Myh10 hypomorphic animal.
messages: The rodlike tail sequence is highly repetitive, showing cycles of a 28-residue repeat pattern composed of 4 heptapeptides, characteristic for alpha-helical coiled coils.
messages: Widely expressed throughout the embryo at 11.5 dpc. Enhanced expression in the developing pituitary at 11.5 dpc. Expressed in developing lung from 13.5 dpc. At 16.5 dpc, confined to airway epithelial cells, developing sensory area of the cochlea and intestinal epithelial cells, particularly concentrated at their apical border.

10090:Sprr2b
gene id: 10090:Sprr2b
uniprot id: A9JTY7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cornifin (SPRR) family.

10090:Lsg1
gene id: 10090:Lsg1
uniprot id: Q3UM18
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class YlqF/YawG GTPase family. LSG1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: GTPase required for the XPO1/CRM1-mediated nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Probably acts by mediating the release of NMD3 from the 60S ribosomal subunit after export into the cytoplasm (By similarity).
messages: In contrast to other GTP-binding proteins, this family is characterized by a circular permutation of the GTPase motifs described by a G4-G1-G3 pattern.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cdc7
gene id: 10090:Cdc7
uniprot id: Q9Z0H0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC7 subfamily.
messages: Forms a complex with either DBF4/DBF4A or DBF4B, leading to the activation of the kinase activity. Interacts with CLASPIN (via the acidic patch); the interaction is required for phosphorylation of MCM proteins and CLASPIN.
messages: Kinase involved in initiation of DNA replication. Phosphorylates critical substrates that regulate the G1/S phase transition and initiation of DNA replication, such as MCM proteins and CLASPIN.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Qsox2
gene id: 10090:Qsox2
uniprot id: Q3TMX7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the quiescin-sulfhydryl oxidase (QSOX) family.
messages: Binds 1 FAD per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in peptide and protein thiols to disulfides with the reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. May contribute to disulfide bond formation in a variety of secreted proteins (By similarity).
messages: Membrane

10090:Pgap1
gene id: 10090:Pgap1
uniprot id: Q3UUQ7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the GPI inositol-deacylase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in inositol deacylation of GPI-anchored proteins. GPI inositol deacylation may important for efficient transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi (By similarity).

10090:Tle5
gene id: 10090:Tle5
uniprot id: B7ZNK7
uniprot id: P63002
uniprot id: Q3TYD9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat Groucho/TLE family.
messages: Expressed in the developing eye and forebrain of embryos.
messages: Homooligomer and heterooligomer with other family members. Binds TCF7 and the NF-kappa-B subunit RELA. Interacts with PHF12 (By similarity). Interacts (via Q domain) with SIX3. Interacts with SIX6.
messages: Lacks the C-terminal WD repeats.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional corepressor. Acts as dominant repressor towards other family members. Inhibits NF-kappa-B-regulated gene expression. May be required for the initiation and maintenance of the differentiated state. Essential for the transcriptional repressor activity of SIX3 during retina and lens development.
messages: Ubiquitinated by XIAP/BIRC4.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in developing embryos by midgestation, a wide expression is conserved in adult. In mouse, abundantly expressed in muscle, heart and brain.

10090:Rhbdf1
gene id: 10090:Rhbdf1
uniprot id: Q6PIX5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S54 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the duodenum, as well as in fetal liver and head.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer, or homooligomer. Interacts with TGFA and HBEGF (By similarity). Interacts with EGF; may retain EGF in the endoplasmic reticulum and regulates its degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) (PubMed:21439629). Interacts (via cytoplasmic N-terminus) with FRMD8/iTAP; this interaction leads to mutual protein stabilization (By similarity). Interacts with ADAM17/TACE (By similarity).
messages: Regulates ADAM17 protease, a sheddase of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor ligands and TNF, thereby plays a role in sleep, cell survival, proliferation, migration and inflammation. Does not exhibit any protease activity on its own.

10090:AI413582
gene id: 10090:AI413582
uniprot id: Q8R043
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Ltbr
gene id: 10090:Ltbr
uniprot id: B2RRV3
uniprot id: P50284
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for the heterotrimeric lymphotoxin containing LTA and LTB, and for TNFS14/LIGHT. Promotes apoptosis via TRAF3 and TRAF5. May play a role in the development of lymphoid organs (By similarity).
messages: Self-associates (By similarity). Associates with TRAF5. Associates with TRAF3 and TRAF4 (By similarity).

10090:Olfr906
gene id: 10090:Olfr906
uniprot id: K7N5P3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Plch2
gene id: 10090:Plch2
uniprot id: A2AP18
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aberrant splicing.
messages: Activity is stimulated by GNB1:GNG2.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at 2 weeks after birth but barely detected 1 week after birth. Increased expression during brain development.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Specifically detected in the brain, with higher level in cerebral cortex, olfactory bulb and hippocampus (at protein level). Expressed in the pyramidal cells of the hippocampus, but also in eye and lung.
messages: The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. This phospholipase activity is very sensitive to calcium. May be important for formation and maintenance of the neuronal network in the postnatal brain.

10090:Olfr640
gene id: 10090:Olfr640
uniprot id: E9Q7P5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Hmgb2
gene id: 10090:Hmgb2
uniprot id: P30681
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HMGB family.
messages: Both, HMG box 1 and HMG box 2, show antimicrobial activity.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with POU2F2, POU2F1 and POU3F1 (PubMed:7720710). Component of the RAG complex composed of core components RAG1 and RAG2, and associated component HMGB1 or HMGB2 (PubMed:9184213). Component of the SET complex, composed of at least ANP32A, APEX1, HMGB2, NME1, SET and TREX1. Directly interacts with SET (By similarity). Interacts with LEF1 (PubMed:19805379).
messages: Multifunctional protein with various roles in different cellular compartments. May act in a redox sensitive manner. In the nucleus is an abundant chromatin-associated non-histone protein involved in transcription, chromatin remodeling and V(D)J recombination and probably other processes. Binds DNA with a preference to non-canonical DNA structures such as single-stranded DNA. Can bent DNA and enhance DNA flexibility by looping thus providing a mechanism to promote activities on various gene promoters by enhancing transcription factor binding and/or bringing distant regulatory sequences into close proximity (By similarity). Involved in V(D)J recombination by acting as a cofactor of the RAG complex: acts by stimulating cleavage and RAG protein binding at the 23 bp spacer of conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) (PubMed:9184213). Proposed to be involved in the innate immune response to nucleic acids by acting as a cytoplasmic promiscuous immunogenic DNA/RNA sensor which cooperates with subsequent discriminative sensing by specific pattern recognition receptors (PubMed:19890330). In the extracellular compartment acts as a chemokine. Promotes proliferation and migration of endothelial cells implicating AGER/RAGE (By similarity). Has antimicrobial activity in gastrointestinal epithelial tissues (By similarity). Involved in inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus coupled with pro-inflammatory activity (PubMed:25306442). May play a role in germ cell differentiation (PubMed:11262228). Involved in modulation of neurogenesis probably by regulation of neural stem proliferation (PubMed:24391977). Involved in articular cartilage surface maintenance implicating LEF1 and the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway (PubMed:19805379).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Reduction/oxidation of cysteine residues Cys-23, Cys-45 and Cys-106 and a possible intramolecular disulfide bond involving Cys-23 and Cys-45 give rise to different redox forms with specific functional activities in various cellular compartments: 1- fully reduced HMGB2 (HMGB2C23hC45hC106h), 2- disulfide HMGB2 (HMGB2C23-C45C106h) and 3- sulfonyl HMGB2 (HMGB2C23soC45soC106so).
messages: Secreted
messages: Viable, with severe reduction of sperm production in males.
messages: Widely expressed in embryo. In adult mainly expressed in lymphoid organs and testes (PubMed:11262228). Expressed in primary spermatocytes. Expressed in the superficial zone of articular cartilage (PubMed:19805379).

10090:Gpr55
gene id: 10090:Gpr55
uniprot id: Q14BV9
uniprot id: Q3UJF0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are resistant to mechanical hyperalgesia and have increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
messages: Receptor for L-alpha-lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI). LPI induces Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores via the heterotrimeric G protein GNA13 and RHOA (By similarity). Putative cannabinoid receptor (By similarity). May play a role in bone physiology by regulating osteoclast number and function (By similarity). May be involved in hyperalgesia associated with inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
messages: The classification of this protein as a cannabinoid receptor remains a contentious issue due to conflicting pharmacological results.

10090:Pitpnc1
gene id: 10090:Pitpnc1
uniprot id: Q8K4R4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PtdIns transfer protein family. PI transfer class IIB subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidic acid (PA) between membranes (By similarity). Binds PA derived from the phospholipase D signaling pathway and among the cellular PA species, preferably binds to the C16:0/16:1 and C16:1/18:1 PA species (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically binds to phosphatidylinositol but not to other phospholipids and may play a role in the phosphoinositide-mediated signaling in the neural development.
messages: Weakly expressed in brain and is rather confined to the embryonic stage.
messages: Widely expressed in brain, with expression in the gray matters of pre- and postnatal brains.

10090:Spout1
gene id: 10090:Spout1
uniprot id: Q3UHX9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class IV-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Interacts with INCA1.
messages: May be due to intron retention.
messages: Required for association of the centrosomes with the poles of the bipolar mitotic spindle during metaphase. Also involved in chromosome alignment. May promote centrosome maturation probably by recruiting A-kinase anchor protein AKAP9 to centrosomes in early mitosis. Binds specifically to miRNA MIR145 hairpin, regulates MIR145 expression at a postranscriptional level (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Spry1
gene id: 10090:Spry1
uniprot id: Q53ZU1
uniprot id: Q9QXV9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 8.5 dpc, expressed in the primitive streak, rostral forebrain, cells lateral to the posterior hindbrain, anterior hindbrain and developing midbrain (PubMed:10498682). At 9.5 dpc, continues to be expressed in the rostral forebrain and primitive streak, and is also detected in the branchial arches and the forelimb bud (PubMed:10498682). At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the somites, frontonasal processes, tailbud, and hindlimb bud (PubMed:10498682).
messages: Belongs to the sprouty family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms heterodimers with SPRY2 (PubMed:16877379). Interacts with TESK1 (PubMed:17974561). Interacts with CAV1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:16877379).
messages: Inhibits fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-induced retinal lens fiber differentiation, probably by inhibiting FGF-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (PubMed:29501879). Inhibits TGFB-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in lens epithelial cells (PubMed:25576668).
messages: Membrane
messages: The Cys-rich domain is responsible for the localization of the protein to the membrane ruffles.

10090:Cdk2ap2
gene id: 10090:Cdk2ap2
uniprot id: Q9CPY4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CDK2AP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MAPK1 (PubMed:12944431). Interacts with CDK2 and CDK2AP1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocytes (at protein level).
messages: Phosphorylated by MAPK1 and CDK2.
messages: Plays a role in regulating the self-renewal of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and in maintaining cell survival during terminal differentiation of ESCs (PubMed:22548356). Regulates microtubule organization of metaphase II oocytes (PubMed:12944431). Inhibits cell cycle G1/S phase transition by repressing CDK2 expression and activation; represses CDK2 activation by inhibiting its interaction with cyclin E and A (By similarity).

10090:Sema6b
gene id: 10090:Sema6b
uniprot id: O54951
uniprot id: Q3UTK5
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During development it is expressed in subregions of the nervous system and is particularly prominent in muscle (PubMed:9361278, PubMed:32169168). Expressed at embryonic day 18.5 dpc (PubMed:32169168).
messages: Functions as a cell surface repellent for mossy fibers of developping neurons in the hippocampus where it plays a role in axon guidance (PubMed:20484647). May function through the PLXNA4 receptor expressed by mossy cell axons (PubMed:20484647).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9361278). Binds specifically the SH3 domain of the protooncogene C-SRC (PubMed:9361278).
messages: In adulthood, it is expressed ubiquitously.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mice lacking Sema6b are viable and fertile but display abnormal projection of hippocampal mossy fibers.

10090:Csnk2b
gene id: 10090:Csnk2b
uniprot id: G3UZX4
uniprot id: P67871
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the casein kinase 2 subunit beta family.
messages: Casein kinase II/CK2 is a tetramer composed of an alpha subunit, an alpha' subunit and two beta subunits. The beta subunit dimerization is mediated by zinc ions. Interacts with CD163. Also component of a CK2-SPT16-SSRP1 complex composed of SSRP1, SUPT16H, CSNK2A1, CSNK2A2 and CSNK2B, the complex associating following UV irradiation (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLT2. Interacts with MUSK; mediates phosphorylation of MUSK by CK2. Interacts with FGF1; this interaction is increased in the presence of FIBP, suggesting a possible cooperative interaction between CSNKB and FIBP in binding to FGF1 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by alpha subunit.
messages: Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2. As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine (PubMed:16818610). Participates in Wnt signaling (PubMed:10806215).
messages: Regulatory subunit of casein kinase II/CK2. As part of the kinase complex regulates the basal catalytic activity of the alpha subunit a constitutively active serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates containing acidic residues C-terminal to the phosphorylated serine or threonine. Participates in Wnt signaling.
messages: Tetramer of two alpha and two beta subunits.

10090:Bfar
gene id: 10090:Bfar
uniprot id: Q8R079
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Apoptosis regulator. Has anti-apoptotic activity, both for apoptosis triggered via death-receptors and via mitochondrial factors (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with CASP8, BCL2 and BCL2L1 through SAM domain and also with HIP1, IFT57, ESRRBL1 and BCAP31.

10090:Tub
gene id: 10090:Tub
uniprot id: P50586
uniprot id: Q4VA41
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TUB family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Tub are the cause of maturity-onset obesity, insulin resistance and sensory deficits.
messages: Functions in signal transduction from heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors. Binds to membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Can bind DNA (in vitro). May contribute to the regulation of transcription in the nucleus. Could be involved in the hypothalamic regulation of body weight. Contribute to stimulation of phagocytosis of apoptotic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and macrophages (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with GNAQ. Interacts with TULP1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Secreted

10090:Nr1h3
gene id: 10090:Nr1h3
uniprot id: Q91X41
uniprot id: Q9Z0Y9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer of NR1H3 and RXR (retinoic acid receptor). Interacts with CCAR2 (via N-terminus) in a ligand-independent manner. Interacts with SIRT1 and this interaction is inhibited by CCAR2 (By similarity).
messages: Nuclear receptor that exhibits a ligand-dependent transcriptional activation activity (PubMed:18055760, PubMed:19520913, PubMed:20427281). Interaction with retinoic acid receptor (RXR) shifts RXR from its role as a silent DNA-binding partner to an active ligand-binding subunit in mediating retinoid responses through target genes defined by LXRES. LXRES are DR4-type response elements characterized by direct repeats of two similar hexanuclotide half-sites spaced by four nucleotides. Plays an important role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, regulating cholesterol uptake through MYLIP-dependent ubiquitination of LDLR, VLDLR and LRP8. Interplays functionally with RORA for the regulation of genes involved in liver metabolism (By similarity). Induces LPCAT3-dependent phospholipid remodeling in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes of hepatocytes, driving SREBF1 processing and lipogenesis (PubMed:28846071, PubMed:25806685). Via LPCAT3, triggers the incorporation of arachidonate into phosphatidylcholines of ER membranes, increasing membrane dynamics and enabling triacylglycerols transfer to nascent very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles (PubMed:25806685). Via LPCAT3 also counteracts lipid-induced ER stress response and inflammation, likely by modulating SRC kinase membrane compartmentalization and limiting the synthesis of lipid inflammatory mediators (PubMed:24206663).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Fpgt
gene id: 10090:Fpgt
uniprot id: G5E8F4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Catalyzes the formation of GDP-L-fucose from GTP and L-fucose-1-phosphate (PubMed:14686921). Functions as a salvage pathway to reutilize L-fucose arising from the turnover of glycoproteins and glycolipids (Probable).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at highest levels in brain, moderately in testis, ovary and kidney, and weakly in liver, spleen, heart and lung.

10090:Stub1
gene id: 10090:Stub1
uniprot id: Q9WUD1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auto-ubiquitinated; mediated by UBE2D1 and UBE2D2. Monoubiquitinated at Lys-2 following cell stress by UBE2W, promoting the interaction with ATXN3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which targets misfolded chaperone substrates towards proteasomal degradation (PubMed:11435423, PubMed:21855799). Collaborates with ATXN3 in the degradation of misfolded chaperone substrates: ATXN3 restricting the length of ubiquitin chain attached to STUB1/CHIP substrates and preventing further chain extension (PubMed:11435423, PubMed:21855799). Ubiquitinates NOS1 in concert with Hsp70 and Hsp40 (By similarity). Modulates the activity of several chaperone complexes, including Hsp70, Hsc70 and Hsp90 (By similarity). Mediates transfer of non-canonical short ubiquitin chains to HSPA8 that have no effect on HSPA8 degradation (By similarity). Mediates polyubiquitination of DNA polymerase beta (POLB) at 'Lys-41', 'Lys-61' and 'Lys-81', thereby playing a role in base-excision repair: catalyzes polyubiquitination by amplifying the HUWE1/ARF-BP1-dependent monoubiquitination and leading to POLB-degradation by the proteasome (By similarity). Mediates polyubiquitination of CYP3A4 (By similarity). Ubiquitinates EPHA2 and may regulate the receptor stability and activity through proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Acts as a co-chaperone for HSPA1A and HSPA1B chaperone proteins and promotes ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation. Negatively regulates the suppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Treg) during inflammation by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of FOXP3 in a HSPA1A/B-dependent manner (PubMed:23973223). Catalyzes monoubiquitination of SIRT6, preventing its degradation by the proteasome (PubMed:24043303). Likely mediates polyubiquitination and down-regulates plasma membrane expression of PD-L1/CD274, an immune inhibitory ligand critical for immune tolerance to self and antitumor immunity (By similarity). Negatively regulates TGF-beta signaling by modulating the basal level of SMAD3 via ubiquitin-mediated degradation (By similarity). May regulate myosin assembly in striated muscles together with UBE4B and VCP/p97 by targeting …
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:16307917). Interacts with BAG2, and with the E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzymes UBE2D1, UBE2D2 and UBE2D3. Detected in a ternary complex containing STUB1, HSPA1A and HSPBP1. Interacts with MKKS. Interacts with DNAAF4 (By similarity). Interacts (via the U-box domain) with the UBE2V2-UBE2N heterodimer; the complex has a specific 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination activity (PubMed:16307917). Interacts (when monoubiquitinated) with ATXN3 (PubMed:21855799). Interacts with UBE2W (PubMed:21855799). Interacts with DNAJB6 (By similarity). Interacts with FLCN and HSP90AA1. Interacts with HSP90. Interacts with UBE2N and UBE2V1. Interacts (via TPR repeats) with the C-terminal domains of HSPA8 and HSPA1A. Interacts with the non-acetylated form of HSPA1A and HSPA1B. Interacts with SMAD3 and HSP90AB1 (By similarity). Interacts with UBE4B (By similarity). Interacts with PRMT5 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The TPR domain is essential for ubiquitination mediated by UBE2D1.
messages: The U-box domain is required for the ubiquitin protein ligase activity.
messages: Up-regulated by inflammatory signals in Treg regulatory T-cells (Treg).

10090:Prrt3
gene id: 10090:Prrt3
uniprot id: Q6PE13
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Limk1
gene id: 10090:Limk1
uniprot id: E9PVB6
uniprot id: P53668
uniprot id: Q3UR47
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated on Thr-508 by ROCK1 and PAK1, resulting in activation. Phosphorylated by PAK4 which increases the ability of LIMK1 to phosphorylate cofilin. Phosphorylated at Ser-323 by MAPKAPK2 during activation of VEGFA-induced signaling, which results in activation of LIMK1 and promotion of actin reorganization, cell migration, and tubule formation of endothelial cells. Dephosphorylated and inactivated by SSH1. Phosphorylated by CDC42BP (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in ventral neural tube and axonal projections at 12.5 dpc-13 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Highest expression in the nervous system, particularly in the spinal cord and the cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Self-associates to form homodimers. Interacts with HSP90AA1; this interaction promotes LIMK1 dimerization and subsequent transphosphorylation. Interacts with CDKN1C (By similarity). Interacts (via LIM domain) with the cytoplasmic domain of NRG1 (By similarity). Interacts with NISCH (PubMed:18332102). Interacts with SSH1 (PubMed:15660133). Interacts with RLIM and RNF6 (PubMed:16204183). Interacts (via LIM zinc-binding domains) with FAM89B/LRAP25 (via LRR repeat). Forms a tripartite complex with CDC42BPA, CDC42BPB and FAM89B/LRAP25 (PubMed:25107909).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays an essential role in the regulation of actin filament dynamics (PubMed:15056216, PubMed:16204183). Acts downstream of several Rho family GTPase signal transduction pathways (PubMed:15056216). Activated by upstream kinases including ROCK1, PAK1 and PAK4, which phosphorylate LIMK1 on a threonine residue located in its activation loop. LIMK1 subsequently phosphorylates and inactivates the actin binding/depolymerizing factors cofilin-1/CFL1, cofilin-2/CFL2 and destrin/DSTN, thereby preventing the cleavage of filamentous actin (F-actin), and stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton. In this way LIMK1 regulates several actin-dependent biological processes including cell motility, cell cycle progression, and differentiation. Phosphorylates TPPP on serine residues, thereby promoting microtubule disassembly. Stimulates axonal outgrowth and may be involved in brain development (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated. 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination by RNF6 leads to proteasomal degradation through the 26S proteasome, modulating LIMK1 levels in the growth cone and its effect on axonal outgrowth. Also polyubiquitinated by RLIM.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Tmem239
gene id: 10090:Tmem239
uniprot id: Q9DA47
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Sclt1
gene id: 10090:Sclt1
uniprot id: G5E861
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein that links SCN10A to clathrin. Regulates SCN10A channel activity, possibly by promoting channel internalization (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with SCN10A and clathrin. Identified in a complex containing SCN10A, clathrin and SCLT1 (By similarity).
messages: centriole

10090:Spatc1
gene id: 10090:Spatc1
uniprot id: Q148B6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the speriolin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis. Expressed in pachyten spermatocytes, spermatids and epididymal sperm (at protein level).
messages: Found in a complex with CDC20, CDC27 and TUBG1. Interacts with CDC20.
messages: centrosome

10090:Tdpoz9
gene id: 10090:Tdpoz9
uniprot id: P0DMR6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.

10090:Olfr551
gene id: 10090:Olfr551
uniprot id: Q8VG23
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr789
gene id: 10090:Olfr789
uniprot id: A0A1L1SV77
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slamf9
gene id: 10090:Slamf9
uniprot id: Q9D780
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in the immune response.
messages: Membrane

10090:Ahsp
gene id: 10090:Ahsp
uniprot id: Q9CY02
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a chaperone to prevent the harmful aggregation of alpha-hemoglobin during normal erythroid cell development. Specifically protects free alpha-hemoglobin from precipitation.
messages: Belongs to the AHSP family.
messages: By GATA-1 during erythroid maturation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in spleen, bone marrow, and blood, with highest levels in bone marrow.
messages: Monomer. Forms a heterodimer with free alpha-hemoglobin. Does not bind beta-hemoglobin nor alpha(2)beta(2) hemoglobin A.

10090:Ms4a15
gene id: 10090:Ms4a15
uniprot id: B7ZWE7
uniprot id: Q3UPL6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.
messages: May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rasgrp1
gene id: 10090:Rasgrp1
uniprot id: Q9Z1S3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoinhibited. Activated by diacylglycerol and calcium binding, which induces a conformational change releasing the autoinhibitory state. Regulated by DGKA. Regulated by DGKZ. Regulated by PLC gamma and F-actin polymerization (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the RASGRP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in spleen and thymus. Expressed by mature thymocytes and to a lower extent by bone marrow-derived mast cells (at protein level). Detected in B-cells and keratinocytes (at protein level).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Functions as a calcium- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-regulated nucleotide exchange factor specifically activating Ras through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. Activates the Erk/MAP kinase cascade. Regulates T-cell/B-cell development, homeostasis and differentiation by coupling T-lymphocyte/B-lymphocyte antigen receptors to Ras. Regulates NK cell cytotoxicity and ITAM-dependent cytokine production by activation of Ras-mediated ERK and JNK pathways (By similarity). Functions in mast cell degranulation and cytokine secretion, regulating FcERI-evoked allergic responses (PubMed:17190838). May also function in differentiation of other cell types. Proto-oncogene, which promotes T-cell lymphomagenesis when its expression is deregulated (PubMed:15829980, PubMed:17210708).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer. Forms a signaling complex with DGKZ and HRAS. Interacts with F-actin. Interacts with SKAP1 (By similarity).
messages: Mice fail to mount anaphylactic allergic reactions and display chronic T-cell immunodeficiencies. Lag (lymphoproliferation-autoimmunity-glomerulonephritis) mice do not express Rasgrp1 and display a systemic lupus erythematosus-like phenotype.
messages: The phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger is the principal mediator of the targeting to membranes and is required for functional activation through DAG-binding.
messages: Two EF-hand domains are present. However, only EF-hand 1 (and not EF-hand 2) binds calcium.
messages: Up-regulated at the double-negative to double-positive transition during thymocyte development. Down-regulated by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA).
messages: Was reported that thymocytes isolated from a RasGRP1 mutant mouse strain show a defect in Ras activation following T-cell-receptor (TCR) engagement (PubMed:12932358). However, this paper has been retracted because the data in one figure was falsified by one of the authors (PubMed:22808526). The authors stand by the validity of the other figures, results and interpretation in this paper (PubMed:22808526). Furthermore, evidence supporting function is derived by similarity with the human ortholog, so may be true.
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr916
gene id: 10090:Olfr916
uniprot id: Q8VG53
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Grin1
gene id: 10090:Grin1
uniprot id: A2AI14
uniprot id: A2AI16
uniprot id: A2AI17
uniprot id: A2AI19
uniprot id: A2AI20
uniprot id: A2AI21
uniprot id: P35438
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A hydrophobic region that gives rise to the prediction of a transmembrane span does not cross the membrane, but is part of a discontinuously helical region that dips into the membrane and is probably part of the pore and of the selectivity filter.
messages: Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. NR1/GRIN1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of NMDA receptor complexes that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated ion channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Channel activation requires binding of the neurotransmitter glutamate to the epsilon subunit, glycine binding to the zeta subunit, plus membrane depolarization to eliminate channel inhibition by Mg(2+) (PubMed:1532151, PubMed:8060614, PubMed:12008020). Sensitivity to glutamate and channel kinetics depend on the subunit composition (PubMed:12008020).
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level). Detected in brain.
messages: Forms heteromeric channel of a zeta subunit (GRIN1), a epsilon subunit (GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C or GRIN2D) and a third subunit (GRIN3A or GRIN3B) (PubMed:12008020, PubMed:14602821). Found in a complex with GRIN2A or GRIN2B and GRIN3B (PubMed:12008020, PubMed:14602821). Found in a complex with GRIN2A or GRIN2B, GRIN3A and PPP2CB (By similarity). Interacts with DLG4 and MPDZ (By similarity). Interacts with LRFN1 and LRFN2 (By similarity). Interacts with MYZAP (PubMed:18849881). Interacts with SNX27 (via PDZ domain); the interaction is required for recycling to the plasma membrane when endocytosed and prevent degradation in lysosomes (PubMed:23524343). Found in a complex with DLG4 and PRR7 (By similarity). Found in a complex with GRIN2B and PRR7 (By similarity). Interacts with PRR7; the interaction is reduced following NMDA receptor activity (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, appear grossly normal and have apparently normal brain structure, but the pups do not feed and all die during the first day after birth. Cerebellum granule cells and hippocampus pyramidal neurons from mutants lack NMDA-induced Ca(2+)influx and membrane currents, contrary to wild-type.
messages: NMDA is probably regulated by C-terminal phosphorylation of an isoform of NR1 by PKC. Dephosphorylated on Ser-897 probably by protein phosphatase 2A (PPP2CB). Its phosphorylated state is influenced by the formation of the NMDAR-PPP2CB complex and the NMDAR channel activity (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Receptor for glutamate that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system.

10090:Nnmt
gene id: 10090:Nnmt
uniprot id: D3YX59
uniprot id: O55239
uniprot id: Q9D9X3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. NNMT/PNMT/TEMT family.
messages: Catalyzes the N-methylation of nicotinamide using the universal methyl donor S-adenosyl-L-methionine to form N1-methylnicotinamide and S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, a predominant nicotinamide/vitamin B3 clearance pathway (PubMed:26168293, PubMed:29483571). Plays a central role in regulating cellular methylation potential, by consuming S-adenosyl-L-methionine and limiting its availability for other methyltransferases (By similarity). Actively mediates genome-wide epigenetic and transcriptional changes through hypomethylation of repressive chromatin marks, such as H3K27me3. In a developmental context, contributes to low levels of the repressive histone marks that characterize pluripotent embryonic stem cell pre-implantation state (By similarity). Acts as a metabolic regulator primarily on white adipose tissue energy expenditure as well as hepatic gluconeogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:24717514, PubMed:26168293). In white adipocytes, regulates polyamine flux by consuming S-adenosyl-L-methionine which provides for propylamine group in polyamine biosynthesis, whereas by consuming nicotinamide controls NAD(+) levels through the salvage pathway (PubMed:24717514). Via its product N1-methylnicotinamide regulates protein acetylation in hepatocytes, by repressing the ubiquitination and increasing the stability of SIRT1 deacetylase (PubMed:26168293). Can also N-methylate other pyridines structurally related to nicotinamide and play a role in xenobiotic detoxification (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deiminated by PADI1 and PADI2.
messages: Expressed in white adipose tissue and liver (at protein level).
messages: Inhibited by 6-methoxynicotinamide (JBSNF-000088).
messages: Monomer.
messages: Up-regulated in white adipose tissue and liver in response to high-fat diet.

10090:Etv1
gene id: 10090:Etv1
uniprot id: E0CXD2
uniprot id: E0CZ54
uniprot id: P41164
uniprot id: Q549J8
uniprot id: Q8CCR6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in kidney (PubMed:1340465). Moderate levels seen in the heart, brain, lung, embryo and lower levels seen in spleen, intestine, testis and thymus (PubMed:1340465).
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Expressed in the dopaminergic neurons of the olfactory bulb at postnatal day 0 (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-191 and Ser-216 by RPS6KA1 and RPS6KA5; phosphorylation activates transcriptional activity.
messages: Significant reduction in the number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells in the olfactory bulb.
messages: Sumoylated.
messages: Transcriptional activator that binds to DNA sequences containing the consensus pentanucleotide 5'-CGGA[AT]-3' (PubMed:1340465). Required for olfactory dopaminergic neuron differentiation; may directly activate expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) (PubMed:19287374).

10090:Clip3
gene id: 10090:Clip3
uniprot id: B9EHT4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as a cytoplasmic linker protein. Involved in TGN-endosome dynamics. May modulate the cellular compartmentalization of AKT kinase family and promote its cell membrane localization, thereby playing a role in glucose transport in adipocytes (By similarity).
messages: Golgi stack
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with AKT1 and AKT2; when AKT1 and AKT2 are phosphorylated and activated, affinity is higher for AKT2 (By similarity). Interacts with ZDHHC13 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:26198635). Interacts with ZDHHC17 (via ANK repeats) (PubMed:26198635).
messages: Microtubule association is inhibited by the ANK repeats and the Golgi localization region (GoLD).
messages: Palmitoylation by ZDHHC17 regulates association with the plasma membrane.
messages: The N-terminal half is dispensable for proper Golgi targeting, whereas the GoLD region is required.

10090:Mfap1a
gene id: 10090:Mfap1a
uniprot id: C0HKD8
uniprot id: C0HKD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MFAP1 family.
messages: Component of the spliceosome B complex. Interacts with PRPF38A (via N-terminal interaction domain).
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the spliceosome.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ddx18
gene id: 10090:Ddx18
uniprot id: B2RUM8
uniprot id: Q8K363
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX18/HAS1 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Interacts with NOL8; the interaction is RNA-dependent.
messages: Probable RNA-dependent helicase.
messages: nucleolus

10090:0610010F05Rik
gene id: 10090:0610010F05Rik
uniprot id: Q68FF0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the KIAA1841 family.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:33831416). Interacts (via the BTB domain) with HDAC1 and NCOR2 (PubMed:33831416).
messages: Negatively regulates class switch recombination or isotype switching in splenic B-cells.
messages: The BTB domain is important for homodimerization and for its function in negative regulation of class switch recombination.

10090:Tead3
gene id: 10090:Tead3
uniprot id: F8VPU0
uniprot id: P70210
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in embryos as well as in many adult tissues.
messages: Interacts with YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor which plays a key role in the Hippo signaling pathway, a pathway involved in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis.
messages: Transcription factor which plays a key role in the Hippo signaling pathway, a pathway involved in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein MST1/MST2, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Acts by mediating gene expression of YAP1 and WWTR1/TAZ, thereby regulating cell proliferation, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction (By similarity).
messages: Unusual initiator. The initiator methionine is coded by a non-canonical ATA isoleucine codon.

10090:Gm10681
gene id: 10090:Gm10681
uniprot id: Q3UIU9
uniprot id: Q61767
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the 3-beta-HSD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expression between 15-20 days post-implantation occurs only in the kidney of the male fetus and not in the female, whereas a similar expression is found in adult male and female kidneys.
messages: Kidney (at protein level); found only in the cortex, appears to be associated with the proximal tubules; and a minor expression in testis.
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Responsible for the reduction of the oxo group on the C-3 of 5alpha-androstane steroids. Catalyzes the conversion of dihydrotestosterone to its inactive form 5alpha-androstanediol, that does not bind androgen receptor/AR. Does not function as an isomerase.

10090:Aadacl2fm3
gene id: 10090:Aadacl2fm3
uniprot id: J3QPI0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the 'GDXG' lipolytic enzyme family.

10090:Gzmb
gene id: 10090:Gzmb
uniprot id: P04187
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse (PubMed:35705808). It cleaves after Asp (PubMed:35705808). Once delivered into the target cell, acts by catalyzing cleavage of gasdermin-E (GSDME), releasing the pore-forming moiety of GSDME, thereby triggering pyroptosis and target cell death (By similarity). Seems to be linked to an activation cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) responsible for apoptosis execution (By similarity). Cleaves caspase-3 and -9 (CASP3 and CASP9, respectively) to give rise to active enzymes mediating apoptosis (PubMed:35705808). Cleaves and activates CASP7 in response to bacterial infection, promoting plasma membrane repair (PubMed:35705808).
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytolytic granule
messages: Inactivated by the serine protease inhibitor diisopropylfluorophosphate.
messages: Secreted

10090:Nf1
gene id: 10090:Nf1
uniprot id: Q04690
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds phospholipids via a region that includes the CRAL-TRIO domain. Binds primarily glycerophospholipids with monounsaturated C18:1 and/or C16:1 fatty acid moieties and a phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine headgroup. Has lesser affinity for lipids containing phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed predominantly in adrenal gland, kidney, ovary and lung.
messages: Expressed predominantly in brain, spinal cord and testis.
messages: Interacts with HTR6. Interacts with SPRED2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras. NF1 shows greater affinity for Ras GAP, but lower specific activity. May be a regulator of Ras activity.
messages: Widely and more weakly expressed. Expressed mainly in testis.
messages: Widely and more weakly expressed. Predominantly expressed in adrenal gland.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Gars
gene id: 10090:Gars
uniprot id: Q9CZD3
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of glycine to the 3'-end of its cognate tRNA, via the formation of an aminoacyl-adenylate intermediate (Gly-AMP). Also produces diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), a universal pleiotropic signaling molecule needed for cell regulation pathways, by direct condensation of 2 ATPs. Thereby, may play a special role in Ap4A homeostasis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mice (Nmf249) heterozygous for the P278YK variant are used a model for human Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2D (CMT2D), which is caused by dominant GARS mutations. They exhibit reduced amplitudes of muscle compound action potentials and a large reduction in sciatic nerve conduction velocity in the absence of demyelination or remyelination, resulting from an age-related decrease in the number of large myelinated motor and sensory axons. The loss of myelinated axons is length-dependent, and there is a length- and time-dependent decrease in motor innervation of distal versus proximal muscles. Most of the axonal loss occurs by 1 month of age and mice that survive this period can be long-lived. At the molecular level, the P278YK mutation creates a neomorphic binding activity leading to the interaction of the variant with NRP1. This interaction competes out VEGFA binding and inhibits VEGFA-NRP1 signling which is essential for motor neuron survival. VEGFA, but not GDNF treatment significantly ameliorates the loss of motor function in mutant mice.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Secreted
messages: axon
messages: extracellular exosome

10090:Top2b
gene id: 10090:Top2b
uniprot id: Q64511
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the type II topoisomerase family.
messages: Binds two Mg(2+) per subunit. The magnesium ions form salt bridges with both the protein and the DNA. Can also accept other divalent metal cations, such as Mn(2+) or Ca(2+).
messages: Eukaryotic topoisomerase I and II can relax both negative and positive supercoils, whereas prokaryotic enzymes relax only negative supercoils.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with KIAA1210 (PubMed:28203736). Interacts with PLSCR1 (By similarity).
messages: Key decatenating enzyme that alters DNA topology by binding to two double-stranded DNA molecules, generating a double-stranded break in one of the strands, passing the intact strand through the broken strand, and religating the broken strand. Plays a role in B-cell differentiation.
messages: Knockout animals have B-cell developmental defects affecting multiple stages of development likely due to transcriptional defects. These mutant mice have altered splenic follicle structure with reduce marginal zone and follicular B-cell zones; immunophenotyping show decreased B- cells at all stages of development. Mutant mice fail to mount an antibody response to vaccination and B-cells fail to proliferate in response to stimulation, indicating deficits in B-cell function.
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Olfr38
gene id: 10090:Olfr38
uniprot id: Q8VGP4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Lrtm2
gene id: 10090:Lrtm2
uniprot id: Q8BGX3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Kat6a
gene id: 10090:Kat6a
uniprot id: G3X940
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MYST (SAS/MOZ) family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tlr4
gene id: 10090:Tlr4
uniprot id: L0CL36
uniprot id: Q9QUK6
names: Caution
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Required for the virulence of fungus C.neoformans var. grubii serotype A (strain KN99) CPL1 (PubMed:35896747). Independently of Ly96/Md2, activated by CPL1 which results in a type 2 inflammation response characterized by Arg1/arginase-1 induction in interstitial macrophages (PubMed:35896747).
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Belongs to the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptor, a multi-protein complex containing at least CD14, LY96 and TLR4 (PubMed:24380872). Binding to bacterial LPS leads to homodimerization (PubMed:20133493, PubMed:24380872, PubMed:22532668). Interacts with LY96 via the extracellular domain (PubMed:17803912, PubMed:22532668). Interacts with MYD88 (via the TIR domain). Interacts with TICAM2 and TIRAP (PubMed:24380872). Interacts with NOX4 (By similarity). Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:18780723, PubMed:20865800). Interacts with MAP3K21; this interaction leads to negative regulation of TLR4 signaling (By similarity). Interacts with CD36, following CD36 stimulation by oxLDL or amyloid-beta 42, and forms a heterodimer with TLR6. The trimeric complex is internalized and triggers inflammatory response. LYN kinase activity facilitates TLR4-TLR6 heterodimerization and signal initiation (By similarity). Interacts with TICAM1 in response to LPS in a WDFY1-dependent manner (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with WDFY1 in response to LPS (PubMed:25736436). Interacts with SMPDL3B (PubMed:26095358). Interacts with CEACAM1; upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation, forms a complex including TLR4 and the phosphorylated form of SYK and CEACAM1, which in turn, recruits PTPN6 that dephosphorylates SYK, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lysosome disruption, which in turn, reduces the activity of the inflammasome (PubMed:22496641). Interacts with RFTN1; the interaction occurs in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation (By similarity). Interacts with SCIMP; the interaction occurs in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation and is enhanced by phosphorylation of SCIMP by LYN (PubMed:28098138). This interaction facilitates the phosphorylation of TLR4 by LYN which elicits a selective cytokine response in macrophages (PubMed:28098138). Interacts with TRAF3IP3 (By similarity). Interacts with …
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cooperates with LY96 and CD14 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:9851930, PubMed:9989976, PubMed:20133493). Acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:24380872). Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate. In complex with TLR6, promotes sterile inflammation in monocytes/macrophages in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) or amyloid-beta 42. In this context, the initial signal is provided by oxLDL- or amyloid-beta 42-binding to CD36. This event induces the formation of a heterodimer of TLR4 and TLR6, which is rapidly internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to the NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway, as well as IL1B secretion. Binds electronegative LDL (LDL(-)) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL(-) (By similarity). Activated by the signaling pathway regulator NMI which acts as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in response to cell injury or pathogen invasion, therefore promoting nuclear factor NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed in macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:28098138, PubMed:35896747). Highly expressed in heart, spleen, lung and muscle. Lower levels are found in liver and kidney (PubMed:23812099).
messages: In some plant proteins and in human SARM1, the TIR domain has NAD(+) hydrolase (NADase) activity (By similarity). However, despite the presence of the catalytic Asp residue, the isolated TIR domain of human TLR4 lacks NADase activity (By similarity). Based on this, it is unlikely that Toll-like receptors have NADase activity.
messages: Interstrain analysis reveals that TLR4 is a polymorphic protein and that the extracellular domain is far more variable than the cytoplasmic domain, which is variable at the C-terminal.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice infected with C.neoformans var. grubii serotype A (strain KN99) display reduced Arg1/arginase-1 expression in interstitial macrophages as well as reduced pulmonary fungal burden and eosinophilia (PubMed:35896747). Animals with a double knockout of Apoe and Tlr4, fed a Western diet for 12 weeks, have less aortic plaque formation than single Apoe knockout mice. They also show lower serum concentrations of Il1a, Ilb and Il18 (PubMed:23812099).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by LYN after binding lipopolysaccharide.
messages: The TIR domain mediates interaction with NOX4.
messages: The protein is encoded by the Lps locus, an important susceptibility locus, influencing the propensity to develop a disseminated Gram-negative infection.
messages: ruffle

10090:Ccdc106
gene id: 10090:Ccdc106
uniprot id: Q3ULM0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with p53/TP53.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Promotes the degradation of p53/TP53 protein and inhibits its transactivity.

10090:Krtap13
gene id: 10090:Krtap13
uniprot id: O88375
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMG family.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Atp11b
gene id: 10090:Atp11b
uniprot id: Q6DFW5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of aminophospholipids, phosphatidylserines (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PE), from the outer to the inner leaflet of intracellular membranes. May contribute to the maintenance of membrane lipid asymmetry in endosome compartment.
messages: Component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which consists of a catalytic alpha subunit ATP11B and an accessory beta subunit TMEM30A.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in retina, brain, liver, testes and kidney (at protein level).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Marco
gene id: 10090:Marco
uniprot id: A2RT24
uniprot id: Q60754
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in subpopulations of macrophages in the spleen and the medullary cord of lymph nodes (at protein level).
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked (PubMed:7867067). Trimers may assemble in larger oligomers thus resulting in the creation of a large surface capable of interacting with very large ligands (PubMed:17405873).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which binds Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (PubMed:7867067). Also plays a role in binding of unopsonized particles by alveolar macrophages (By similarity). Binds to the secretoglobin SCGB3A2 (By similarity).

10090:Olfr1120
gene id: 10090:Olfr1120
uniprot id: Q8VGT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Glp2r
gene id: 10090:Glp2r
uniprot id: A0A158RFU9
uniprot id: Q5IXF8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: This is a receptor for glucagon-like peptide 2. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase (By similarity).

10090:Fyn
gene id: 10090:Fyn
uniprot id: P39688
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated at Tyr-420 (PubMed:8441403). Phosphorylation on the C-terminal tail at Tyr-531 by CSK maintains the enzyme in an inactive state (PubMed:8441403). PTPRC/CD45 dephosphorylates Tyr-531 leading to activation. Ultraviolet B (UVB) strongly increase phosphorylation at Thr-15 and kinase activity, and promotes translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Dephosphorylation at Tyr-420 by PTPN2 negatively regulates T-cell receptor signaling (By similarity). Phosphorylated at tyrosine residues, which can be enhanced by NTN1 (PubMed:22685302).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Inhibited by phosphorylation of Tyr-531 by leukocyte common antigen and activated by dephosphorylation of this site.
messages: Interacts (via its SH3 domain) with PIK3R1 and PRMT8 (By similarity). Interacts with FYB1, PAG1, and SH2D1A (By similarity). Interacts with CD79A (tyrosine-phosphorylated form); the interaction increases FYN activity (PubMed:8168489). Interacts with TOM1L1 (phosphorylated form) (PubMed:11711534). Interacts with SH2D1A and SLAMF1 (By similarity). Interacts with and phosphorylates ITCH, down-regulating its activity (By similarity). Interacts with FASLG (By similarity). Interacts with RUNX3 (By similarity). Interacts with KIT (By similarity). Interacts with EPHA8; possible downstream effector of EPHA8 in regulation of cell adhesion (By similarity). Interacts with PTK2/FAK1; this interaction leads to PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and activation (By similarity). Interacts with CAV1; this interaction couples integrins to the Ras-ERK pathway (By similarity). Interacts (via SH3 domain) with KLHL2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with KDR (tyrosine phosphorylated) (PubMed:16966330). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with CSF1R (tyrosine phosphorylated) (PubMed:7681396, PubMed:9312046). Interacts with UNC119 (By similarity). Interacts (via SH2 domain) with PTPRH (phosphorylated form) (PubMed:20398064). Interacts with PTPRO (phosphorylated form) (PubMed:20398064). Interacts with PTPRB (phosphorylated form) (PubMed:20398064). Interacts with FYB2 (By similarity). Interacts with DSCAM (PubMed:22685302). Interacts with SKAP1 and FYB1; this interaction promotes the phosphorylation of CLNK (PubMed:12681493). Interacts with NEDD9; in the presence of PTK2 (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 1 is highly expressed in the brain, isoform 2 is expressed in cells of hemopoietic lineages, especially T-lymphocytes.
messages: Mice have various neural defects, including defective long term potentiation, impaired spatial memory, hypomyelination, abnormal dendrite orientation and uncoordinated hippocampal structure.
messages: Myristoylation is required prior to palmitoylation.
messages: Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many biological processes including regulation of cell growth and survival, cell adhesion, integrin-mediated signaling, cytoskeletal remodeling, cell motility, immune response and axon guidance. Inactive FYN is phosphorylated on its C-terminal tail within the catalytic domain. Following activation by PKA, the protein subsequently associates with PTK2/FAK1, allowing PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation, activation and targeting to focal adhesions. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through phosphorylation of CTNNB1 (beta-catenin) and CTNND1 (delta-catenin). Regulates cytoskeletal remodeling by phosphorylating several proteins including the actin regulator WAS and the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2 and MAPT. Promotes cell survival by phosphorylating AGAP2/PIKE-A and preventing its apoptotic cleavage. Participates in signal transduction pathways that regulate the integrity of the glomerular slit diaphragm (an essential part of the glomerular filter of the kidney) by phosphorylating several slit diaphragm components including NPHS1, KIRREL1 and TRPC6. Plays a role in neural processes by phosphorylating DPYSL2, a multifunctional adapter protein within the central nervous system, ARHGAP32, a regulator for Rho family GTPases implicated in various neural functions, and SNCA, a small pre-synaptic protein. Participates in the downstream signaling pathways that lead to T-cell differentiation and proliferation following T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. Phosphorylates PTK2B/PYK2 in response to T-cell receptor activation. Also participates in negative feedback regulation of TCR signaling through phosphorylation of PAG1, thereby promoting interaction between PAG1 and CSK and recruitment of CSK to lipid rafts. CSK maintains LCK and FYN in an inactive form. Promotes CD28-induced phosphorylation of VAV1. In mast cells, phosphorylates CLNK after activation of immunoglobulin epsilon receptor signaling (PubMed:…
messages: Nucleus
messages: Palmitoylated (PubMed:19956733, PubMed:7980442, PubMed:8413237, PubMed:9201723). Palmitoylation at Cys-3 and Cys-6, probably by ZDHHC21, regulates subcellular location (PubMed:7980442, PubMed:8413237, PubMed:9201723, PubMed:19956733).
messages: Perikaryon

10090:Albfm1
gene id: 10090:Albfm1
uniprot id: F8VQ07
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Secreted

10090:Gzma
gene id: 10090:Gzma
uniprot id: P11032
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant protease in the cytosolic granules of cytotoxic T-cells and NK-cells which activates caspase-independent pyroptosis when delivered into the target cell through the immunological synapse. It cleaves after Lys or Arg. Cleaves APEX1 after 'Lys-31' and destroys its oxidative repair activity. Cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET after 'Lys-189', which disrupts its nucleosome assembly activity and allows the SET complex to translocate into the nucleus to nick and degrade the DNA.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Found in cytotoxic lymphocytes and in normal lymphoid tissues such as thymus and spleen.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with APEX1.
messages: More abundant in lymphoid tissues than isoform HF2.
messages: Secreted
messages: The predicted cleavage site for the activation peptide of HF2 is uncertain. It could have either 2 (ER) or 7 (KRGGCER) AA.

10090:St3gal2
gene id: 10090:St3gal2
uniprot id: Q11204
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A beta-galactoside alpha2-3 sialyltransferase primarily involved in terminal sialylation of ganglio and globo series glycolipids (PubMed:8144500, PubMed:9184827). Catalyzes the transfer of sialic acid (N-acetyl-neuraminic acid; Neu5Ac) from the nucleotide sugar donor CMP-Neu5Ac onto acceptor Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-terminated glycoconjugates through an alpha2-3 linkage. Sialylates GM1/GM1a, GA1/asialo-GM1 and GD1b gangliosides to form GD1a, GM1b and GT1b, respectively (PubMed:8144500, PubMed:9184827). Together with ST3GAL3, primarily responsible for biosynthesis of brain GD1a and GT1b that function as ligands for myelin-associated glycoprotein MAG on axons, regulating MAG expression and axonal myelin stability and regeneration (PubMed:22735313). Via GT1b regulates TLR2 signaling in spinal cord microglia in response to nerve injury (PubMed:32030804). Responsible for the sialylation of the pluripotent stem cell- and cancer stem cell-associated antigen SSEA3, forming SSEA4 (By similarity). Sialylates with low efficiency asialofetuin, presumably onto O-glycosidically linked Galbeta-(1->3)-GalNAc-O-Ser (PubMed:8144500).
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 29 family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Homodimer formation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: N-glycosylated; necessary for proper exit from endoplasmic reticulum and trafficking to the Golgi apparatus.
messages: No visible phenotype under physiological conditions; due to the redundancy with ST3GAL3. Simultaneous knockdown of ST3GAL2 and ST3GAL3 results in markedly fewer offspring and impaired nervous system function at weaning (PubMed:22735313). Knockout mice show reduced nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in response to noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia) and to normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia) (PubMed:32030804).
messages: Secreted
messages: Strongly expressed in brain and liver and to a lesser extent in heart and kidney. Scarcely detectable in lung, pancreas, spleen and submaxillary gland (PubMed:8144500). Expressed in L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:32030804).
messages: The soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.
messages: Up-regulated in DRG neurons in response to nerve injury.

10090:Plec
gene id: 10090:Plec
uniprot id: E9Q3W4
uniprot id: Q6S385
uniprot id: Q6S387
uniprot id: Q6S388
uniprot id: Q6S390
uniprot id: Q6S392
uniprot id: Q6S393
uniprot id: Q9QXS1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plakin or cytolinker family.
messages: Detected in eye lens fiber cells (at protein level) (PubMed:21745462). Expressed at high levels in lung, brain, small intestine, muscle, heart and skin with lower levels found in kidney, liver, uterus, spleen and salivary gland (PubMed:10556294).
messages: Homodimer or homotetramer (By similarity). Interacts (via actin-binding domain) with SYNE3 (PubMed:16330710). Interacts (via calponin-homology (CH) 1 domain) with VIM (via rod region) (PubMed:15128297). Interacts (via N-terminus) with DST isoform 2 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:19932097). Interacts with FER (PubMed:12200133). Interacts with TOR1A (PubMed:18827015). Interacts with ANK3 (By similarity). Identified in complexes that contain VIM, EZR, AHNAK, BFSP1, BFSP2, ANK2, PLEC, PRX and spectrin (PubMed:21745462).
messages: Interacts with KRT14, heterodimers consisting of KRT8 and KRT18, heterodimers consisting of KRT5 and KRT14, heterodimers consisting of KRT14 and KRT15, and heterodimers consisting of KRT1 and KRT10 (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with DES and VIM (PubMed:24940650).
messages: Interlinks intermediate filaments with microtubules and microfilaments and anchors intermediate filaments to desmosomes or hemidesmosomes. May be involved not only in the cross-linking and stabilization of cytoskeletal intermediate filaments network, but also in the regulation of their dynamics.
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK1; regulates dissociation from intermediate filaments during mitosis. Isoform PLEC-1A is phosphorylated on Ser-21. Isoform PLEC-1A is phosphorylated on Tyr-26.
messages: The N-terminus interacts with actin, the C-terminus with vimentin, desmin, GFAP, cytokeratins, lamin B; whereas both the N- and the C-terminus can bind integrin beta-4.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: hemidesmosome

10090:Top1mt
gene id: 10090:Top1mt
uniprot id: Q8R4U6
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the type IB topoisomerase family.
messages: Divalent metal ions (calcium or magnesium).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Releases the supercoiling and torsional tension of DNA introduced during duplication of mitochondrial DNA by transiently cleaving and rejoining one strand of the DNA duplex. Introduces a single-strand break via transesterification at a target site in duplex DNA. The scissile phosphodiester is attacked by the catalytic tyrosine of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a DNA-(3'-phosphotyrosyl)-enzyme intermediate and the expulsion of a 5'-OH DNA strand. The free DNA strand then rotates around the intact phosphodiester bond on the opposing strand, thus removing DNA supercoils. Finally, in the religation step, the DNA 5'-OH attacks the covalent intermediate to expel the active-site tyrosine and restore the DNA phosphodiester backbone (By similarity).

10090:Thoc3
gene id: 10090:Thoc3
uniprot id: Q8VE80
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the THO complex, which is composed of THOC1, THOC2, THOC3, THOC5, THOC6 and THOC7; together with at least ALYREF/THOC4, DDX39B, SARNP/CIP29 and CHTOP, THO forms the transcription/export (TREX) complex which seems to have a dynamic structure involving ATP-dependent remodeling.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Required for efficient export of polyadenylated RNA and spliced mRNA. Acts as component of the THO subcomplex of the TREX complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export, and which specifically associates with spliced mRNA and not with unspliced pre-mRNA. TREX is recruited to spliced mRNAs by a transcription-independent mechanism, binds to mRNA upstream of the exon-junction complex (EJC) and is recruited in a splicing- and cap-dependent manner to a region near the 5' end of the mRNA where it functions in mRNA export to the cytoplasm via the TAP/NFX1 pathway (By similarity).

10090:Ifitm7
gene id: 10090:Ifitm7
uniprot id: Q8BVR2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.

10090:Olfr898
gene id: 10090:Olfr898
uniprot id: L7N1Z5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Dnajb3
gene id: 10090:Dnajb3
uniprot id: O35723
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Its expression occurs in the postmeiotic phase of male germ cell development. First detected in 30 days old mice and thereafter into adulthood. Barely detectable in 20 days old mice and absent before this period.
messages: May operate as a co-chaperone of the male germ cell- and haploid stage-specific Hsp70 proteins.
messages: Testis specific. Expression is confined to the germline without any contribution of the somatic components.

10090:Tex24
gene id: 10090:Tex24
uniprot id: Q5DP50
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in testis from postnatal day 20 onwards.
messages: Nuclear factor which might have a role in spermatogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specific to testis, where it is expressed in spermatogonia.

10090:Prpf8
gene id: 10090:Prpf8
uniprot id: Q99PV0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to RNase H, but lacks RNase H activity.
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to reverse transcripase, presenting the classical thumb, fingers and palm architecture, but lacks enzyme activity, since the essential metal-binding residues are not conserved.
messages: Contains a region with structural similarity to type-2 restriction endonucleases, but the residues that would bind catalytic metal ions in endonucleases are instead involved in hydrogen bonds that stabilize the protein structure.
messages: During embryogenesis, is highly expressed at day 9.5 of gestation, and its expression decreases progressively during embryogenesis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Part of the U5 snRNP complex (By similarity). Component of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex composed of the U4, U6 and U5 snRNAs and at least PRPF3, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPF31, SNRNP200, TXNL4A, SNRNP40, DDX23, CD2BP2, PPIH, SNU13, EFTUD2, SART1 and USP39 (By similarity). Component of the U5.U4atac/U6atac snRNP complexes in U12-dependent spliceosomes (By similarity). Core component of U2-type precatalytic, catalytic and postcatalytic spliceosomal complexes (By similarity). Found in a mRNA splicing-dependent exon junction complex (EJC) with SRRM1 (By similarity). Interacts with U5 snRNP proteins SNRP116 and SNRNP40 (By similarity). Interacts with EFTUD2 and SNRNP200 (By similarity). Interacts (via the MPN (JAB/Mov34) domain) with PRPF3 ('Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitinated); may stabilize the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex (By similarity). Interacts (via RNase H homology domain) with AAR2 (By similarity). Interacts with RPAP3 and URI1 in a ZNHIT2-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with C9orf78 (By similarity). Interacts with SNRNP200 (By similarity).
messages: Plays role in pre-mRNA splicing as core component of precatalytic, catalytic and postcatalytic spliceosomal complexes, both of the predominant U2-type spliceosome and the minor U12-type spliceosome. Functions as a scaffold that mediates the ordered assembly of spliceosomal proteins and snRNAs. Required for the assembly of the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex, a building block of the spliceosome. Functions as scaffold that positions spliceosomal U2, U5 and U6 snRNAs at splice sites on pre-mRNA substrates, so that splicing can occur. Interacts with both the 5' and the 3' splice site.
messages: Strongly expressed in testis (preferentially in the outer cell layer), and moderately in ovary (preferentially in granulosa cells).
messages: The MPN (JAB/Mov34) domain has structural similarity with deubiquitinating enzymes, but lacks the residues that would bind the catalytic metal ion.

10090:Olfr1022
gene id: 10090:Olfr1022
uniprot id: L7MTT3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ttc41
gene id: 10090:Ttc41
uniprot id: Q692V3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in lung and myeloid leukemia cell line (at protein level). Isoform 4: expressed in heart (at protein level).

10090:Kctd10
gene id: 10090:Kctd10
uniprot id: F8WGQ9
uniprot id: Q922M3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BACURD family.
messages: Homotetramer; forms a two-fold symmetric tetramer in solution. Interacts with CUL3; interaction is direct and forms a 5:5 heterodecamer (By similarity). Component of the BCR(BACURD3) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, KCTD10/BACURD3 and RBX1 (By similarity). Interacts with DNA polymerase delta subunit 2/POLD2 (By similarity). Interacts with PCNA (By similarity). Associated with the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex); however as Kctd10 has not been identified in all tectonic-like complexes purifications it is unclear whether it is really part of the complex (PubMed:22179047).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. The BCR(BACURD3) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome (By similarity).

10090:Svs6
gene id: 10090:Svs6
uniprot id: Q9D268
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SVP2/SVP5/SVP6 family.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Ubtd1
gene id: 10090:Ubtd1
uniprot id: Q91WB7
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with UBTD1.
messages: May be involved in the regulation of cellular senescence through a positive feedback loop with TP53. Is a TP53 downstream target gene that increases the stability of TP53 protein by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of MDM2.

10090:Cdh24
gene id: 10090:Cdh24
uniprot id: Q6PFX6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with alpha-, beta- and delta-catenins.
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types. Cadherin-24 mediate strong cell-cell adhesion (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Stx6
gene id: 10090:Stx6
uniprot id: Q9JKK1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the syntaxin family.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Identified in a complex containing STX6, STX12 and VAMP4 (By similarity). This complex also includes VTI1A (PubMed:9705316). Binds EEA1 (By similarity). Interacts with VPS45A and GOPC (By similarity). Interacts with MARCHF2; the interaction promotes MARCHF2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of CFTR (By similarity). Interacts with MARCHF3 (By similarity). Interacts with BLTP3B (via C-terminal coiled-coil domain) (PubMed:35499567). Interacts with BAIAP3; this interaction is increased in the presence of calcium (By similarity). Interacts with VPS13B (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: SNARE promoting movement of transport vesicles to target membranes. Targets endosomes to the trans-Golgi network, and may therefore function in retrograde trafficking. Together with SNARE STX12, promotes movement of vesicles from endosomes to the cell membrane, and may therefore function in the endocytic recycling pathway.
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ccdc190
gene id: 10090:Ccdc190
uniprot id: Q3URK1
names: Caution
messages: It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-5 is the initiator.

10090:Mutyh
gene id: 10090:Mutyh
uniprot id: Q762D1
uniprot id: Q99P21
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adenine glycosylase active on G-A mispairs.
messages: Belongs to the Nth/MutY family.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster.
messages: Binds 1 [4Fe-4S] cluster. The cluster does not appear to play a role in catalysis, but is probably involved in the proper positioning of the enzyme along the DNA strand.
messages: Expressed in heart, lung, liver, intestine, brain and thymus.
messages: Involved in oxidative DNA damage repair. Initiates repair of A*oxoG to C*G by removing the inappropriately paired adenine base from the DNA backbone. Possesses both adenine and 2-OH-A DNA glycosylase activities.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rab43
gene id: 10090:Rab43
uniprot id: Q8CG50
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHM and CHML; phosphorylation at Thr-80 disrupts these interactions.
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different set of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. The low intrinsic GTPase activity of RAB43 is activated by USP6NL. Involved in retrograde transport from the endocytic pathway to the Golgi apparatus. Involved in the transport of Shiga toxin from early and recycling endosomes to the trans-Golgi network. Required for the structural integrity of the Golgi complex. Plays a role in the maturation of phagosomes that engulf pathogens, such as S.aureus and Mycobacterium.
messages: phagosome
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Lamp5
gene id: 10090:Lamp5
uniprot id: Q9D387
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LAMP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed in embryo at 14 dpc.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Gross morphology and brain structure are normal. Behavioral assays of locomotory activity, exploratory behavior and motor coordination are also normal. However, some subtle behavioral defects are observed: anxiety levels are decreased and animals also show mild defects in odor discrimination. Electrophysiological assays of striatopallidal synapses indicate defects in short-term synaptic plasticity.
messages: In brain, strongly expressed in the globus pallidus/ventral pallidum complex, the substantia nigra pars reticulata and the entopeduncular nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:27272053). Expressed in the external plexiform layer of the olfactory bulb (at protein level). May be weakly expressed in neocortex and striatum (at protein level) (PubMed:27272053). Highly expressed in brain; not detected in other tissues tested (PubMed:17215451). Detected in the cingulate cortex, cortical plate and caudate putamen (PubMed:17215451). In neocortex, specifically expressed in neurons of layers II/III and V (PubMed:17215451).
messages: Plays a role in short-term synaptic plasticity in a subset of GABAergic neurons in the brain.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: dendrite
messages: growth cone membrane
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Glt8d1
gene id: 10090:Glt8d1
uniprot id: Q6NSU3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam122b
gene id: 10090:Fam122b
uniprot id: G1UD78
uniprot id: Q6NZE7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM122 family.

10090:Itfg1
gene id: 10090:Itfg1
uniprot id: Q99KW9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TIP family.
messages: Interacts with RUVBL1, RUVBL2 and alpha-tubulin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Modulator of T-cell function. Has a protective effect in graft versus host disease model.
messages: Secreted

10090:Grk1
gene id: 10090:Grk1
uniprot id: G3X905
uniprot id: Q4V9Z9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. GPRK subfamily.

10090:Onecut3
gene id: 10090:Onecut3
uniprot id: Q8K557
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CUT homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in the endoderm from the 14-somite stage. Aroound 9.5 dpc, present in the ventral prepancreatic and prehepatic regions (at protein level). At 14.5 dpc, expressed in brain, stomach and gut.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Specifically expressed in brain, stomach and gut. Within the gut, expressed only in duodenum and jejunum.
messages: Transcriptional activator. Binds the consensus DNA sequence 5'-DHWATTGAYTWWD-3' on a variety of gene promoters such as those of HNF3B and TTR.
messages: Transcriptionally regulated by ONECUT1 in the developing endoderm.

10090:Rnf6
gene id: 10090:Rnf6
uniprot id: Q9DBU5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RNF12 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase mediating 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of LIMK1 and its subsequent targeting to the proteasome for degradation. Negatively regulates axonal outgrowth through regulation of the LIMK1 turnover. Mediates 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-27'-linked polyubiquitination of AR/androgen receptor thereby modulating its transcriptional activity. May also bind DNA and function as a transcriptional regulator.
messages: Expressed in the floor plate and ventral portions of the developing neural tube of 12.5 dpc to 13 dpc mouse embryos. Found in developing neuronal projections (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with AR (By similarity). Interacts with LIMK1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Widely expressed with higher expression in the testis in both germ cells and Sertoli cells.
messages: axon

10090:Ube2l6
gene id: 10090:Ube2l6
uniprot id: Q9QZU9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin or ISG15 to other proteins. Functions in the E6/E6-AP-induced ubiquitination of p53/TP53. Promotes ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of FLT3.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: Interacts with RNF19A, RNF19B and RNF144B. Interacts with FLT3 (tyrosine phosphorylated).

10090:Fzd5
gene id: 10090:Fzd5
uniprot id: Q9EQD0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Binding of unsaturated fatty acid molecules (via FZ domain) promotes homodimerization (via FZ domain). Interacts with WNT2B (By similarity). Interacts with WNT7A (PubMed:18230341, PubMed:20530549). Interacts with GOPC (PubMed:11520064).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected at low levels in neonate brain; expression levels increase steadily during the first four weeks after birth and show a further increase in adults (at protein level) (PubMed:20530549). Expressed in the yolk sac, placenta, eye and lung bud at 9.5 dpc. At 10.5 dpc, also expressed in the placental blood vessel of embryonic origin (PubMed:11092808).
messages: Detected in hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:20530549). Expressed in eye, kidney, lung, chondrocytes, epithelial cells of the small intestine and gobelet cells of the colon (PubMed:8626800).
messages: Full embryonic lethality around 12.5 dpc, due to defects in yolk sac and placenta vascularization.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Receptor for Wnt proteins (PubMed:11092808, PubMed:18230341). Can activate WNT2, WNT10B, WNT5A, but not WNT2B or WNT4 (in vitro); the in vivo situation may be different since not all of these are known to be coexpressed (PubMed:11092808). In neurons, activation of WNT7A promotes formation of synapses (By similarity). Functions in the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway (PubMed:18230341). The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (PubMed:18230341). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues (Probable). Plays a role in yolk sac angiogenesis and in placental vascularization (PubMed:11092808).
messages: Synapse
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: The PDZ-binding motif mediates interaction with GOPC.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF43 and ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Ccl21b
gene id: 10090:Ccl21b
uniprot id: P86792
uniprot id: P86793
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
messages: Binds to CCR7 and to CXCR3. Interacts with PDPN; relocalizes PDPN to the basolateral membrane.
messages: Expressed strongly in lung, spleen, thymus, peripheral and mesentric lymph nodes. Also expressed in the testis, kidney, liver, and heart.
messages: Inhibits hemopoiesis and stimulates chemotaxis. Chemotactic in vitro for thymocytes and activated T-cells, but not for B-cells, macrophages, or neutrophils. Potent mesangial cell chemoattractant. Shows preferential activity towards naive T-cells. May play a role in mediating homing of lymphocytes to secondary lymphoid organs.
messages: Secreted
messages: Three genes code for Ccl21 in mouse. Ccl21b and Ccl21c produce identical proteins while the protein produced by Ccl21a differs at only one position. Ccl21b and Ccl21c have Leu-65 (6Ckine-Leu) while Ccl21a has 'Ser-65' (6Ckine-Ser).

10090:Insrr
gene id: 10090:Insrr
uniprot id: Q3UQC8
uniprot id: Q9WTL4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues between pH 7.9 and pH 10.5.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Highly expressed in the islets as well as in pancreatic beta-cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains contribute to the formation of the ligand-binding domain, while the beta chains carry the kinase domain (By similarity).
messages: Receptor with tyrosine-protein kinase activity. Functions as a pH sensing receptor which is activated by increased extracellular pH. Activates an intracellular signaling pathway that involves IRS1 and AKT1/PKB.
messages: Renal function is impaired, with reduced ability of the collecting duct to adapt to alkalosis.
messages: The extracellular domain is required for sensing alterations in external pH.

10090:Gm10488
gene id: 10090:Gm10488
uniprot id: Q4KL05
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the XLR/SYCP3 family.

10090:Tom1
gene id: 10090:Tom1
uniprot id: O88746
uniprot id: Q3UDC3
uniprot id: Q561M4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein that plays a role in the intracellular membrane trafficking of ubiquitinated proteins, thereby participating in autophagy, ubiquitination-dependent signaling and receptor recycling pathways (By similarity). Acts as a MYO6/Myosin VI adapter protein that targets MYO6 to endocytic structures (By similarity). Together with MYO6, required for autophagosomal delivery of endocytic cargo, the maturation of autophagosomes and their fusion with lysosomes (By similarity). MYO6 links TOM1 with autophagy receptors, such as TAX1BP1; CALCOCO2/NDP52 and OPTN (By similarity). Binds to polyubiquitinated proteins via its GAT domain (By similarity). In a complex with TOLLIP, recruits ubiquitin-conjugated proteins onto early endosomes (By similarity). The Tom1-Tollip complex may regulate endosomal trafficking by linking polyubiquitinated proteins to clathrin (By similarity). Mediates clathrin recruitment to early endosomes by ZFYVE16 (By similarity). Modulates binding of TOLLIP to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) via binding competition; the association with TOLLIP may favor the release of TOLLIP from endosomal membranes, allowing TOLLIP to commit to cargo trafficking (By similarity). Acts as a phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P) effector by binding to PtdIns(5)P, thereby regulating endosomal maturation (PubMed:25588840). PtdIns(5)P-dependent recruitment to signaling endosomes may block endosomal maturation (PubMed:25588840). Also inhibits Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and participates in immune receptor recycling (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the TOM1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Found in a complex with TOLLIP; interacts (via GAT domain) with TOLLIP (via N-terminus); the interactions leads to TOM1-recruitment to endosomes and inhibition of TOLLIP binding to PtdIns(3)P (By similarity). Interacts (via GAT domain and the C-terminal part of the VHS domain) with UBC/ubiquitin (By similarity). Interacts (via clathrin box and C-terminus) with clathrin heavy chain (By similarity). Interacts with MYO6 (By similarity). Interacts with TAX1BP1; CALCOCO2/NDP52 and OPTN; the interaction is indirect and is mediated by MYO6, which acts as a bridge between TOM1 and the three autophagy receptors (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with ZFYVE16 (via C-terminus); interaction is required to target TOM1 and clathrin to endosomes (By similarity). Interacts with LRBA (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitinated.
messages: The GAT domain and the VHS domain are required for the interaction with polyubiquitinated proteins.
messages: The VHS domain binds to phosphatidylinositol monophosphates (By similarity). The KRKK motif within the VHS domain is required for binding to phosphatidylinositol monophosphates, with a preference for phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous. In adult brain, it is highly expressed at the mesencephalic level, in the hippocampal formation and medial lemniscus. In cerebellum, it is highly expressed in Purkinje cells and granular layers.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in the embryo, with a higher expression in the intestines.

10090:B3galt6
gene id: 10090:B3galt6
uniprot id: Q91Z92
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 31 family.
messages: Beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase that transfers galactose from UDP-galactose to substrates with a terminal beta-linked galactose residue. Has a preference for galactose-beta-1,4-xylose that is found in the linker region of glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. Has no activity towards substrates with terminal glucosamine or galactosamine residues.
messages: Golgi stack membrane

10090:Coq10a
gene id: 10090:Coq10a
uniprot id: A0A1W2P7G5
uniprot id: A0A1W2P7J1
uniprot id: E9Q3H6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the COQ10 family.
messages: Interacts with coenzyme Q.
messages: Required for the function of coenzyme Q in the respiratory chain. May serve as a chaperone or may be involved in the transport of Q6 from its site of synthesis to the catalytic sites of the respiratory complexes.

10090:Tmem132e
gene id: 10090:Tmem132e
uniprot id: Q6IEE6
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Artifactual sequence.
messages: Belongs to the TMEM132 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Required for normal inner ear hair cell function and hearing.
messages: Widely expressed, with highest levels in the cochlea. In the cochlea, detected in spiral ganglion, the organ of Corti and stria vascularis. In the organ of Corti, prominently expressed in the outer and inner hair cells, especially at the apical and basal region of the outer hair cell body (at protein level).

10090:Tmem198
gene id: 10090:Tmem198
uniprot id: Q8BG75
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM198 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Interacts with LRP6.
messages: Membrane
messages: Promotes LRP6 phosphorylation by casein kinases and thereby plays a role in Wnt signaling. May be a membrane scaffold protein involved in the self-aggregation of LRP6 to further enhance its activity (By similarity).

10090:Mcpt1
gene id: 10090:Mcpt1
uniprot id: P11034
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family. Granzyme subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Has a chymotrypsin-like activity.
messages: Mucosal mast cells.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gcnt3
gene id: 10090:Gcnt3
uniprot id: Q5JCT0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that can synthesize all known mucin beta 6 N-acetylglucosaminides. Mediates core 2 and core 4 O-glycan branching, 2 important steps in mucin-type biosynthesis. Has also I-branching enzyme activity by converting linear into branched poly-N-acetyllactosaminoglycans, leading to introduce the blood group I antigen during embryonic development.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Slc26a3
gene id: 10090:Slc26a3
uniprot id: Q9WVC8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.
messages: Chloride/bicarbonate exchanger. Mediates the efficient absorption of chloride ions in the colon, participating in fluid homeostasis. Plays a role in the chloride and bicarbonate homeostasis during sperm epididymal maturation and capacitation.
messages: Expressed in spermatogenic cells.
messages: Interacts with PDZK1 (By similarity). Interacts with CFTR, SLC26A6 and SLC9A3R1.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylation is required for efficient cell surface expression, and protection from proteolytic degradation.

10090:Cmah
gene id: 10090:Cmah
uniprot id: Q61419
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CMP-Neu5Ac hydroxylase family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in all tissues tested, except in brain.
messages: Inactive.
messages: Mice do not synthesize N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc).
messages: Sialic acids are components of carbohydrate chains of glycoconjugates and are involved in cell-cell recognition and cell-pathogen interactions. Catalyzes the conversion of CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) into its hydroxylated derivative CMP-N-glycolylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Gc), a sialic acid abundantly expressed at the surface of many cells.

10090:4930402H24Rik
gene id: 10090:4930402H24Rik
uniprot id: Q7TT23
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with ARL3.
messages: May act as an effector for ARL3.

10090:Calml4
gene id: 10090:Calml4
uniprot id: Q91WQ9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the calmodulin family.

10090:Rab42
gene id: 10090:Rab42
uniprot id: Q0PD08
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Dlg2
gene id: 10090:Dlg2
uniprot id: Q91XM9
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Brain. Highest levels of isoform 1 in cortex, olfactory bulb, thalamus, hypothalamus, striatum and hippocampus. Highest level of isoform 2 in olfactory bulb. Reduced levels in cortex and hippocampus. Highest level of isoform 4 in spinal cord. Low levels of isoform 4, isoform 6, and isoform 7 in superior cervical ganglion.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Incomplete sequence.
messages: Interacts with NOS1/nNOS through second PDZ domain. Interacts with KCNJ2/Kir2.1 (via C-terminus) through one of its PDZ domains (By similarity). Interacts with KCNJ4 (PubMed:11997254). Interacts with FRMPD4 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts through its PDZ domains with NETO1 (PubMed:19243221). Interacts with LRFN1, LRFN2 and LRFN4. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity). Interacts with KCNJ4 (By similarity). Interacts with ADAM22 (PubMed:20089912). Interacts with DGKI (via PDZ-binding motif) (By similarity).
messages: Isoform 7 has an L27 domain close to N-terminus.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice do not respond to persistent pain. Postsynaptic surface expression of NMDA receptors and NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic function are reduced in dorsal horn neurons of the spinal chord.
messages: Palmitoylation of isoform 1 and isoform 2 is not required for targeting to postsynaptic density.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Required for perception of chronic pain through NMDA receptor signaling. Regulates surface expression of NMDA receptors in dorsal horn neurons of the spinal cord. Interacts with the cytoplasmic tail of NMDA receptor subunits as well as inward rectifying potassium channels. Involved in regulation of synaptic stability at cholinergic synapses. Part of the postsynaptic protein scaffold of excitatory synapses.
messages: Synapse
messages: axon

10090:Mfsd2a
gene id: 10090:Mfsd2a
uniprot id: Q9DA75
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily.
messages: By fasting in liver and brown adipose tissue as well as by cold exposure in brown adipose tissue. Expression following fasting is dependent on glucagon signaling and Ppara.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mice are born at Mendelian ratios, but show increased postnatal mortality early in life (PubMed:24828044). Mice are smaller, leaner and have decreased serum, liver and brown adipose triglycerides (PubMed:23209793). After weaning, mice display motor dysfunction with front-paw clasping during tail suspension. Brain size and weight are also significantly lower. Behavioral tests indicate that mice have deficits in learning, and short- and long-term memory, as well as severe anxiety, a phenotype related to omega-3 fatty-acid deficiency. Lipidomic analysis of knockout mice shows strongly reduced levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in brain accompanied by neuronal cell loss in hippocampus and cerebellum (PubMed:24828044). Mice also show a leaky blood-brain barrier from embryonic stages through to adulthood, while the normal patterning of vascular networks is maintained. Electron microscopy analysis shows an increase in central nervous system-endothelial-cell vesicular transcytosis not associated with tight-junction defects (PubMed:24828040). Mice have an increase in plasma levels of LPC (PubMed:26005868).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Sodium-dependent lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) symporter, which plays an essential role for blood-brain barrier formation and function (PubMed:18694395, PubMed:23209793, PubMed:24828044, PubMed:24828040, PubMed:34349262). Specifically expressed in endothelium of the blood-brain barrier of micro-vessels and transports LPC into the brain (PubMed:24828044, PubMed:24828040, PubMed:34349262). Transport of LPC is essential because it constitutes the major mechanism by which docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid that is essential for normal brain growth and cognitive function, enters the brain (PubMed:24828044, PubMed:24828040, PubMed:34349262). Transports LPC carrying long-chain fatty acids such LPC oleate and LPC palmitate with a minimum acyl chain length of 14 carbons (PubMed:24828044, PubMed:34349262). Does not transport docosahexaenoic acid in unesterified fatty acid (PubMed:24828044). Not required for central nervous system vascular morphogenesis (PubMed:24828040).
messages: Widely expressed. Exhibits an oscillatory pattern of expression in brown adipose tissue and liver consistent with a circadian rhythm. Enriched in brain micro-vessels, where it is specifically present in endothelium constituting the blood-brain barrier (at protein level) (PubMed:24828044, PubMed:24828040).

10090:Olfr1231
gene id: 10090:Olfr1231
uniprot id: Q7TQZ8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rpl35
gene id: 10090:Rpl35
uniprot id: Q6ZWV7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL29 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Cytoplasm

10090:Prss22
gene id: 10090:Prss22
uniprot id: Q9ER10
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.

10090:H1f8
gene id: 10090:H1f8
uniprot id: Q8VIK3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the histone H1/H5 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed as early as the germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocyte, and persists into the metaphase II stage oocyte, the oocytic polar bodies, and the 2-cell embryo, and disappears at the 4- to 8-cell embryonic stage.
messages: May play a key role in the control of gene expression during oogenesis and early embryogenesis, presumably through the perturbation of chromatin structure. Essential for meiotic maturation of germinal vesicle-stage oocytes. The somatic type linker histone H1c is rapidly replaced by H1oo in a donor nucleus transplanted into an oocyte. The greater mobility of H1oo as compared to H1c may contribute to this rapid replacement and increased instability of the embryonic chromatin structure. The rapid replacement of H1c with H1oo may play an important role in nuclear remodeling.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocyte-specific.

10090:Ttc1
gene id: 10090:Ttc1
uniprot id: Q91Z38
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with the GAP domain of NF1. Interacts (via TPR repeats) with HSP90AA1 and HSPA8.

10090:Gng12
gene id: 10090:Gng12
uniprot id: Q9DAS9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G protein gamma family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
messages: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.

10090:Ptpn4
gene id: 10090:Ptpn4
uniprot id: Q9WU22
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Specifically expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids within seminiferous tubules (at protein level).
messages: PTPN4-deficient mice are born at normal Mendelian ratio with no apparent developmental or phenotypic defects. They display normal cytokine production and T-cell effector functions (PubMed:18614237). However, they show impairment in motor learning and cerebellar long-term depression (PubMed:17953619).
messages: Phosphatase that plays a role in immunity, learning, synaptic plasticity or cell homeostasis (PubMed:17953619, PubMed:25825441). Regulates neuronal cell homeostasis by protecting neurons against apoptosis (By similarity). Negatively regulates TLR4-induced interferon beta production by dephosphorylating adapter TICAM2 and inhibiting subsequent TRAM-TRIF interaction (PubMed:25825441). Dephosphorylates also the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs/ITAMs of the TCR zeta subunit and thereby negatively regulates TCR-mediated signaling pathway (PubMed:18614237). May act at junctions between the membrane and the cytoskeleton.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Gal
gene id: 10090:Gal
uniprot id: A0A498WGR4
uniprot id: P47212
uniprot id: Q3V002
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the galanin family.
messages: Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3 (By similarity). This small neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in retinal progenitor cells and retinal ganglion cells (at protein level).
messages: Secreted

10090:C030006K11Rik
gene id: 10090:C030006K11Rik
uniprot id: Q8VE95
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0598 family.

10090:Kif6
gene id: 10090:Kif6
uniprot id: E9PX57
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.

10090:Pagr1a
gene id: 10090:Pagr1a
uniprot id: Q99L02
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the KMT2 family MLL2/MLL3 complex, at least composed of the histone methyltransferases KMT2D and/or KMT2C, the common subunits ASH2L, RBBP5, WDR5 and DPY30, and the complex type-specific subunits PAXIP1/PTIP, PAGR1, NCOA6 and KDM6A; PAXIP1 is required for the association with the MLL2/MLL3 complex (By similarity). Forms a constitutive complex with PAXIP1/PTIP independently of the MLL2/MLL3 complex (PubMed:19124460, PubMed:26744420). Interacts with NCOA1, ESR1, NR3C1, AR (By similarity).
messages: Expression first detected at 5.0-6.0 dpc in the extraembryonic region, at 7.5 dpc detected within the chorion; later the expression is expanding to the entire embryo.
messages: Its association with the histone methyltransferase MLL2/MLL3 complex is suggesting a role in epigenetic transcriptional activation. However, in association with PAXIP1/PTIP is proposed to function at least in part independently of the MLL2/MLL3 complex. Proposed to be recruited by PAXIP1 to sites of DNA damage where the PAGR1:PAXIP1 complex is required for cell survival in response to DNA damage independently of the MLL2/MLL3 complex (PubMed:19124460). However, its function in DNA damage has been questioned (PubMed:26744420). During immunoglobulin class switching in activated B-cells is involved in transcription regulation of downstream switch regions at the immunoglobulin heavy-chain (Igh) locus independently of the MLL2/MLL3 complex (PubMed:26744420). Involved in both estrogen receptor-regulated gene transcription and estrogen-stimulated G1/S cell-cycle transition (By similarity). Acts as transcriptional cofactor for nuclear hormone receptors. Inhibits the induction properties of several steroid receptors such as NR3C1, AR and PPARG; the mechanism of inhibition appears to be gene-dependent (By similarity). May be involved in the regulation of the BMP pathway in extraembryonic development (PubMed:24633704).
messages: Normal germ layer specification and developmental patterning but limited anterior development and arrest by 8.5 dpc, likely due at least in part to defects in extraembryonic tissue.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The terminology of MLL proteins in mammalia is not consistent also concerning the terminology of MLL protein-containing complexes. The decribed MLL2/MLL3 complex is commonly described as MLL3/MLL4 complex in literature.

10090:Fstl1
gene id: 10090:Fstl1
uniprot id: Q62356
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Deletion mice die at birth from respiratory distress and show multiple defects in lung development. In addition, skeletal development is strongly impaired.
messages: During central nervous system development, strongly expressed in the telencephalon, diencephalon, brainstem, limbic system and spinal cord (PubMed:19595790). Widely expressed in all organs (PubMed:21826198).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:31351024). Interacts with SCN10A (By similarity). Interacts with DIP2A; DIP2A may act as a cell surface receptor for FSTL1 (PubMed:20054002). Interacts with BMP4 (By similarity). Interacts with CD14; this interaction promotes TL4-mediated signaling cascade (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted glycoprotein that is involved in various physiological processes, such as angiogenesis, regulation of the immune response, cell proliferation and differentiation (By similarity). Plays a role in the development of the central nervous system, skeletal system, lungs, and ureter (PubMed:21826198, PubMed:19595790). Promotes endothelial cell survival, migration and differentiation into network structures in an AKT-dependent manner. Also promotes survival of cardiac myocytes (PubMed:20054002). Initiates various signaling cascades by activating different receptors on the cell surface such as DIP2A, TLR4 or BMP receptors (By similarity).

10090:Mymx
gene id: 10090:Mymx
uniprot id: Q2Q5T5
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MYMX family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with MYMK (PubMed:28386024).
messages: Myoblast-specific protein that mediates myoblast fusion, an essential step for the formation of multi-nucleated muscle fibers (PubMed:28386024, PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755, PubMed:30197239). Involved in membrane fusion downstream of the lipid mixing step mediated by MYMK (PubMed:30197239). Acts by generating membrane stresses via its extracellular C-terminus, leading to drive fusion pore formation (PubMed:30197239). Acts independently of MYMK (PubMed:30197239). Involved in skeletal muscle regeneration in response to injury by mediating the fusion of satellite cells, a population of muscle stem cells, with injured myofibers (PubMed:29581287).
messages: Perinatal death due to a reduction in fused muscle fibers (PubMed:28569745). Embryos are motionless and lack skeletal muscle: they are nearly transparent so that internal organs and bones are apparent (PubMed:28386024). Myocytes differentiate and harbor organized sarcomeres but are fusion-incompetent (PubMed:28386024, PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755). Myoblast fusion is impaired downstream of membrane lipid mixing step mediated by Mymk and defects caused by the absence of Mymx are due to impaired fusion pore formation (PubMed:30197239). Conditional deletion in activated muscle stem cells (satellite cells) in adults abolishes satellite cell fusion and prevents muscle regeneration, resulting in severe muscle degeneration after injury (PubMed:29581287).
messages: Specifically expressed in developing skeletal muscles throughout the limbs and body wall (PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755, PubMed:28386024).
messages: The AxLyCxL motif is required for myoblast fusion.
messages: Up-regulated during differentiation of myoblasts (PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755, PubMed:28386024). During muscle regeneration (PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755, PubMed:28386024).
messages: Was initially reported to be specifically expressed in embryonic stem cells and germ cells (PubMed:16331322). However, it was later shown by different groups that it is specifically expressed in myoblasts where it promotes myoblast fusion (PubMed:28569745, PubMed:28569755, PubMed:28386024).

10090:Nsf
gene id: 10090:Nsf
uniprot id: P46460
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the AAA ATPase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homohexamer. Interacts with GABARAP and GABARAPL2. Interacts with GRIA2. Interacts with PLK2, leading to disrupt the interaction with GRIA2. Interacts with MUSK; may regulate MUSK endocytosis and activity (By similarity). Interacts with CDK16.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-569 interferes with homohexamerization.
messages: Required for vesicle-mediated transport. Catalyzes the fusion of transport vesicles within the Golgi cisternae. Is also required for transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi stack. Seems to function as a fusion protein required for the delivery of cargo proteins to all compartments of the Golgi stack GRIA2 leads to influence GRIA2 membrane cycling (By similarity).

10090:Hypk
gene id: 10090:Hypk
uniprot id: Q9CR41
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of several N-terminal acetyltransferase complexes (By similarity). Inhibits the N-terminal acetylation activity of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NAA10-NAA15 complex (also called the NatA complex) (By similarity). Has chaperone-like activity preventing polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation of HTT in neuronal cells probably while associated with the NatA complex (By similarity). May play a role in the NatA complex-mediated N-terminal acetylation of PCNP (By similarity).
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase A (NatA)/HYPK complex at least composed of NAA10, NAA15 and HYPK, which has N-terminal acetyltransferase activity (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA10 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA15 (By similarity). Predominantly interacts with NAA15 in the NAA10-NAA15 complex (also called the NatA complex); the interaction with the NatA complex reduces the acetylation activity of the NatA complex (By similarity). Interacts with HTT (via N-terminus) (By similarity). The NatA complex is required for HYPK stability and for reducing polyQ aggregation of HTT (By similarity). Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase E (NatE)/HYPK complex at least composed of NAA10, NAA15, NAA50 and HYPK (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with NAA10 and NAA15 (By similarity). Does not interact with NAA50 (By similarity). Interaction with NAA15 reduces the capacity of NAA15 to interact with NAA50 (By similarity). Its capacity to interact with the NatA complex is reduced by NAA50 (By similarity). Does not interact with the N-terminal acetyltransferase B (NatB) complex component NAA25 or the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex component NAA35 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ces3b
gene id: 10090:Ces3b
uniprot id: Q8VCU1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs.

10090:Kcnf1
gene id: 10090:Kcnf1
uniprot id: E9PYC0
uniprot id: Q7TSH7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. F (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv5.1/KCNF1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Heteromultimer with KCNG3, KCNG4 and KCNV2. Interacts with DLG1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative voltage-gated potassium channel.
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Sf3b6
gene id: 10090:Sf3b6
uniprot id: P59708
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of splicing factor SF3B complex which is composed of at least eight subunits; SF3B1, SF3B2, SF3B3, SF3B4, SF3B5, SF3B6, PHF5A and DDX42. Within the SF3B complex interacts directly with SF3B1. The SF3B complex composed of SF3B1, SF3B2, SF3B3, SF3B4, SF3B5, SF3B6 and PHF5A interacts with U2AF2. Component of the U11/U12 snRNPs that are part of the U12-type spliceosome.
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as a component of the splicing factor SF3B complex. SF3B complex is required for 'A' complex assembly formed by the stable binding of U2 snRNP to the branchpoint sequence (BPS) in pre-mRNA. Directly contacts the pre-mRNA branch site adenosine for the first catalytic step of splicing. Enters the spliceosome and associates with the pre-mRNA branch site as part of the 17S U2 or, in the case of the minor spliceosome, as part of the 18S U11/U12 snRNP complex, and thus may facilitate the interaction of these snRNP with the branch sites of U2 and U12 respectively.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Atp10b
gene id: 10090:Atp10b
uniprot id: A0A571BEJ2
uniprot id: B1AWN4
uniprot id: Q5DU18
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated at the conserved aspartate of the P-type ATPase signature sequence.
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IV subfamily.
messages: Catalytic component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to the transport of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) from the outer to the inner leaflet of lysosome membranes (By similarity). Plays an important role in the maintenance of lysosome membrane integrity and function in cortical neurons (PubMed:32172343).
messages: Component of a P4-ATPase flippase complex which consists of a catalytic alpha subunit ATP10B and an accessory beta subunit TMEM30A.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in cortical neuron (at protein level).
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm4847
gene id: 10090:Gm4847
uniprot id: G3X946
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FMO family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Skint3
gene id: 10090:Skint3
uniprot id: A7TZF0
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SKINT family.
messages: Encoded by one of the 11 copies of Skint genes clustered in the D1 region of the chromosome 4.
messages: Expressed in skin and thymus.
messages: May act by engaging a cell surface molecule on immature T-cells in the embryonic thymus.
messages: Membrane

10090:Il2
gene id: 10090:Il2
uniprot id: P04351
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Polymorphism
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IL-2 family.
messages: By bacterial infection.
messages: Cytokine produced by activated CD4-positive helper T-cells and to a lesser extend activated CD8-positive T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells that plays pivotal roles in the immune response and tolerance (PubMed:9814585, PubMed:14614860). Binds to a receptor complex composed of either the high-affinity trimeric IL-2R (IL2RA/CD25, IL2RB/CD122 and IL2RG/CD132) or the low-affinity dimeric IL-2R (IL2RB and IL2RG). Interaction with the receptor leads to oligomerization and conformation changes in the IL-2R subunits resulting in downstream signaling starting with phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3. In turn, JAK1 and JAK3 phosphorylate the receptor to form a docking site leading to the phosphorylation of several substrates including STAT5 (PubMed:14614860, PubMed:27018889). This process leads to activation of several pathways including STAT, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK pathways. Functions as a T-cell growth factor and can increase NK-cell cytolytic activity as well. Promotes strong proliferation of activated B-cells and subsequently immunoglobulin production. Plays a pivotal role in regulating the adaptive immune system by controlling the survival and proliferation of regulatory T-cells, which are required for the maintenance of immune tolerance (PubMed:14614860). Moreover, participates in the differentiation and homeostasis of effector T-cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 as well as memory CD8-positive T-cells (PubMed:9814585).
messages: Mutant mice exhibit lethal autoimmunity and are impaired in regulatory T-cell production. After 4 to 5 weeks of birth, they develop a thymic disorder resulting in the disruption of thymocyte maturation.
messages: Produced by immune cells including dendritic cells. In contrast, macrophages do not produce IL2 upon bacterial stimulation.
messages: Secreted
messages: The poly-Gln region is highly polymorphic.

10090:Becn2
gene id: 10090:Becn2
uniprot id: P0DM65
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the beclin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Decreased embryonic viability: embryonic and postnatal survival rates of homozygous mutant mice are markedly lower. Heterozygous knockout mice show defects in autophagy, increased levels of Cnr1 receptor, elevated food intake, and obesity and insulin resistance.
messages: Expressed in brain, skeletal muscle, placenta, thymus and uterus. Expressed at a lower level in liver, testis, stomach, and 17-day-old embryos.
messages: Homodimer (via coiled-coil domain) (By similarity). Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with ATG14 (via coiled-coil domain); this interaction is tighter than BECN2 self-association (PubMed:23954414). Interacts with AMBRA1, UVRAG and PIK3C3/VPS34; these interactions are not disrupted by starvation (PubMed:23954414). Does not interact with RUBCN. Interacts (via N-terminus) with GPRASP1/GASP1; the interaction is direct (PubMed:23954414).
messages: Involved in 2 distinct lysosomal degradation pathways: acts as a regulator of autophagy and as a regulator of G-protein coupled receptors turnover. Regulates degradation in lysosomes of a variety of G-protein coupled receptors via its interaction with GPRASP1/GASP1.

10090:Fastkd1
gene id: 10090:Fastkd1
uniprot id: Q6DI86
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAST kinase family.
messages: Expression detected in spleen, testis, colon, heart, smooth muscle, kidney, brain, lung, liver, brown and white adipose tissue with highest expression in heart and brown adipose tissue.
messages: Involved in the down-regulation of mitochondrial MT-ND3 mRNA levels which leads to decreased respiratory complex I abundance and activity.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: The RAP domain is essential to regulate MT-ND3 mRNA levels.

10090:Pofut1
gene id: 10090:Pofut1
uniprot id: Q91ZW2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 65 family.
messages: Catalyzes the reaction that attaches fucose through an O-glycosidic linkage to a conserved serine or threonine residue found in the consensus sequence C2-X(4,5)-[S/T]-C3 of EGF domains, where C2 and C3 are the second and third conserved cysteines. Specifically uses GDP-fucose as donor substrate and proper disulfide pairing of the substrate EGF domains is required for fucose transfer. Plays a crucial role in NOTCH signaling. Initial fucosylation of NOTCH by POFUT1 generates a substrate for FRINGE/RFNG, an acetylglucosaminyltransferase that can then extend the fucosylation on the NOTCH EGF repeats. This extended fucosylation is required for optimal ligand binding and canonical NOTCH signaling induced by DLL1 or JAGGED1. Fucosylates AGRN and determines its ability to cluster acetylcholine receptors (AChRs).
messages: Early embryos of null mice are defective in somitogenesis. At 8.5 dpc, embryos are of normal size and appearance but somites adjacent to the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) are fused. In 8.25 dpc embryos, expression of NOTCH target genes such as HES5 and JAG1 as well as LFNG and UNCX4.1 is severely reduced in somites. There is up-regulation of a number of these genes such as HES5 and LFNG as well as DLL1 and NOTCH1 in the neural tube and brain. Mice die at midgestation with severe defects in somitogenesis, vasculogenesis, cardiogenesis and neurogenesis.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Increased expression throughout embryo development. Ubiquitous expression at 9.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc with lower expression at 9.5 dpc.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: The cax (compact axial skeleton) spontaneous mutation is a hypomorphic allele that reduces Pofut1 expression and protein levels leading to reduced Notch signaling. cax mutant embryos have somites of variable size, partly abnormal Lfng expression, defective anterior-posterior somite patterning and abnormal axial skeleton development. Mice have kinky and shortened tails and shortened body length (PubMed:19161597).

10090:F2r
gene id: 10090:F2r
uniprot id: P30558
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High affinity receptor for activated thrombin coupled to G proteins that stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
messages: Phosphorylated in the C-terminal tail; probably mediating desensitization prior to the uncoupling and internalization of the receptor.
messages: Proteolytic cleavage by thrombin generates a new N-terminus that functions as a tethered ligand. Also proteolytically cleaved by cathepsin CTSG.
messages: The cleaved signal peptide may not be degraded and may function as an intracellular angiogenesis inhibitor peptide known as parstatin.

10090:Gm20826
gene id: 10090:Gm20826
uniprot id: J3QK38
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Fmc1
gene id: 10090:Fmc1
uniprot id: Q9CR13
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FMC1 family.
messages: Interacts with ATPAF2.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Plays a role in the assembly/stability of the mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V).

10090:Igsf21
gene id: 10090:Igsf21
uniprot id: Q7TNR6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain (at protein levels) (PubMed:28864826). Highly expressed in the pyramidal cell layer of the dorsal and ventral hippocampal CA1 and CA3 regions, layers 5 and 6 of the cortex, the thalamus and the pons and weakly expressed in the cerebellum (PubMed:28864826). Expressed in neurons but not in glia (PubMed:28864826).
messages: Expressed in the brain at both embryonic and postnatal stages including the adult stage. The period of highest expression of the long isoform is at around two postnatal weeks, coinciding with the peak period of synaptogenesis.
messages: Ig-like 1 domain is indispensable for synaptogenic activity whereas Ig-like 2 domain is secondarily responsible for the activity.
messages: Interacts (Ig-like 1 domain) with NRXN2 (via Laminin G-like 1 domain) in a trans-interaction manner.
messages: Involved in synaptic inhibition in the brain. Selectively regulates inhibitory presynaptic differentiation through interacting with presynaptic NRXN2.
messages: Mutants grow normally. They show an impaired sensorimotor gating with no effect on motor activity and coordination.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Nkx2-4
gene id: 10090:Nkx2-4
uniprot id: Q9EQM3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NK-2 homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in a restricted region of the posterior hypothalamus from 10 dpc. Detected in the head region from 12.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc. Expression is down-regulated by 15.5 dpc.
messages: In the embryo it is detected in the posterior hypotalamus and later in the head. In the adult it is detected only in testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable transcription factor.

10090:Prdm5
gene id: 10090:Prdm5
uniprot id: E9Q707
uniprot id: Q9CXE0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Interacts with EHMT2/G9A, GFI1 and HDAC1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor. Represses transcription at least in part by recruitment of the histone methyltransferase EHMT2/G9A and histone deacetylases such as HDAC1. Regulates hematopoiesis-associated protein-coding and microRNA (miRNA) genes (By similarity). May regulate the expression of proteins involved in extracellular matrix development and maintenance, connective tissue components and molecules regulating cell migration and adhesion. May cause G2/M arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells (By similarity).

10090:Traf5
gene id: 10090:Traf5
uniprot id: P70191
uniprot id: Q3UMS9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein and signal transducer that links members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family to different signaling pathways by association with the receptor cytoplasmic domain and kinases. Mediates activation of NF-kappa-B and probably JNK. Seems to be involved in apoptosis. Plays a role in mediating activation of NF-kappa-B by EIF2AK2/PKR.
messages: Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family.
messages: Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family. A subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer (Probable). Heterotrimer with TRAF3 (By similarity). Associates with TNFRSF5/CD40 through interaction with TRAF3 (By similarity). Associates with LTBR/TNFRSF3, TNFRSF4, TNFRSF8/CD30, TNFRSF11A/RANK, TNFRSF13B/TACI, TNFRSF14, TNFRSF17, TNFRSF19/TROY, RIPK2, MAP3K14, MAP3K5, and TRAF and TNF receptor associated protein TDP2 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with EIF2AK2/PKR (via the kinase catalytic domain) (By similarity).
messages: The MATH/TRAF domain binds to receptor cytoplasmic domains.
messages: cytosol

10090:Frat2
gene id: 10090:Frat2
uniprot id: Q8K025
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the GSK-3-binding protein family.
messages: Binds GSK-3 and prevents GSK-3-dependent phosphorylation.
messages: Positively regulates the Wnt signaling pathway by stabilizing beta-catenin through the association with GSK-3.

10090:Rgs4
gene id: 10090:Rgs4
uniprot id: O08899
uniprot id: Q5D078
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Either Cys-2 or Cys-12 or both are palmitoylated.
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain, moderately low levels in heart, and very low levels in lung, liver, and skeletal muscle.
messages: Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Activity on G(z)-alpha is inhibited by phosphorylation of the G-protein. Activity on G(z)-alpha and G(i)-alpha-1 is inhibited by palmitoylation of the G-protein (By similarity).
messages: Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Activity on G(z)-alpha is inhibited by phosphorylation of the G-protein. Activity on G(z)-alpha and G(i)-alpha-1 is inhibited by palmitoylation of the G-protein.
messages: Phosphorylated by cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase.

10090:Slc36a3
gene id: 10090:Slc36a3
uniprot id: Q811P0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in testis.

10090:Lias
gene id: 10090:Lias
uniprot id: A0A0M3HEP3
uniprot id: Q99M04
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the radical SAM superfamily. Lipoyl synthase family.
messages: Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters per subunit. One cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
messages: Catalyzes the radical-mediated insertion of two sulfur atoms into the C-6 and C-8 positions of the octanoyl moiety bound to the lipoyl domains of lipoate-dependent enzymes, thereby converting the octanoylated domains into lipoylated derivatives.
messages: Expressed predominantly in heart, testis, and liver.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Znrf2
gene id: 10090:Znrf2
uniprot id: Q71FD5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Expressed primarily in the nervous system. Expression is more intense in the granular cell layer of hippocampus, Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum and the granular cell layer of the olfactory bulb. Detected in sensory neurons but not expressed in sympatic or enteric neurons. Expressed in testis, adipose tissue, columnar epithelial cells of the gut.
messages: Interacts with UBE2N.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: May play a role in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal transmission and plasticity via its ubiquitin ligase activity. E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is required for E3 ligase activity.

10090:Atpsckmt
gene id: 10090:Atpsckmt
uniprot id: Q9D1Z3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ANT/ATPSC lysine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Contains an atypical, non-cleavable mitochondrial targeting sequence responsible for its localization to mitochondria.
messages: Expression is up-regulated in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) during chronic inflammatory pain.
messages: Mitochondrial protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that trimethylates ATP synthase subunit C, ATP5MC1 and ATP5MC2. Trimethylation is required for proper incorporation of the C subunit into the ATP synthase complex and mitochondrial respiration (PubMed:29444090, PubMed:30530489). Promotes chronic pain (PubMed:29444090). Involved in persistent inflammatory and neuropathic pain: methyltransferase activity in the mitochondria of sensory neurons promotes chronic pain via a pathway that depends on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and on the engagement of spinal cord microglia (PubMed:29444090).
messages: Mitochondrion membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Tyw5
gene id: 10090:Tyw5
uniprot id: A2RSX7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TYW5 family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: tRNA hydroxylase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at the 3'-position adjacent to the anticodon of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of 7-(a-amino-a-carboxypropyl)wyosine (yW-72) into undermodified hydroxywybutosine (OHyW*). OHyW* being further transformed into hydroxywybutosine (OHyW) by LCMT2/TYW4. OHyW is a derivative of wybutosine found in higher eukaryotes.

10090:Defb5
gene id: 10090:Defb5
uniprot id: Q9EPV9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cc2d2a
gene id: 10090:Cc2d2a
uniprot id: Q8CFW7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryos show randomized left-right axes, holoprosencephaly, microphthalmia and a variably expressive curved body axis. Cc2d2a null embryos also have cilia defects, which are exemplified by the absence of Arl13b staining in neural tube and surrounding mesenchyme.
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex).
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Arhgap40
gene id: 10090:Arhgap40
uniprot id: E9Q6X9
names: Function
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state.

10090:Arl1
gene id: 10090:Arl1
uniprot id: P61211
uniprot id: Q14AC7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Arf family.
messages: GTP-binding protein. Can activate phospholipase D with very low efficiency. Important for normal function of the Golgi apparatus (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: The GTP-bound form interacts with GOLGA1, GOLGA4 and RGPD8. The GTP-bound form directly interacts with ARFIP2; this interaction leads to an increase in the amount of bound GTP at steady state level. Binds to SCOC, preferentially in its GTP-bound form. May interact with UNC119 (By similarity).

10090:Prc1
gene id: 10090:Prc1
uniprot id: Q99K43
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the MAP65/ASE1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During the stages 11.5-13.5 dpc it is expressed in most embryonic tissues. Within the telencephalon, it is predominantly expressed inside the ventricular zone where expression reaches its peak at 15.5 dpc and starts to decrease by 18.5 dpc. Expression is also observed in mitotically active cells outside the telencephalon, but not in adult brain.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with the C-terminal Rho-GAP domain and the basic region of RACGAP1. The interaction with RACGAP1 inhibits its GAP activity towards CDC42 in vitro, which may be required for maintaining normal spindle morphology. Interacts (via N-terminus) with the C-terminus of CENPE (via C-terminus); the interaction occurs during late mitosis. Interacts (via N-terminus) with KIF4A (via C-terminus); the interaction is required for the progression of mitosis. Interacts (via N-terminus) with KIF23 (via C-terminus); the interaction occurs during late mitosis. Interacts with KIF14 and KIF20A. Interacts with PLK1. Interacts with KIF20B.
messages: Key regulator of cytokinesis that cross-links antiparrallel microtubules at an average distance of 35 nM. Essential for controlling the spatiotemporal formation of the midzone and successful cytokinesis. Required for KIF14 localization to the central spindle and midbody. Required to recruit PLK1 to the spindle. Stimulates PLK1 phosphorylation of RACGAP1 to allow recruitment of ECT2 to the central spindle. Acts as an oncogene for promoting bladder cancer cells proliferation, apoptosis inhibition and carcinogenic progression.
messages: Microtubule binding occurs via a basic patch in the central spectrin-like domain and requires also the unstructured C-terminal domain.
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CDK1 in early mitosis holds PRC1 in an inactive monomeric state, during the metaphase to anaphase transition, PRC1 is dephosphorylated, promoting interaction with KIF4A, which then translocates PRC1 along mitotic spindles to the plus ends of antiparallel interdigitating microtubules. Dephosphorylation also promotes MT-bundling activity by allowing dimerization. Phosphorylation by CDK1 prevents PLK1-binding: upon degradation of CDK1 at anaphase and dephosphorylation, it is then phosphorylated by PLK1, leading to cytokinesis (By similarity).
messages: Probable intron retention.
messages: spindle pole

10090:Cdc37l1
gene id: 10090:Cdc37l1
uniprot id: Q9CZP7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CDC37 family.
messages: Co-chaperone that binds to numerous proteins and promotes their interaction with Hsp70 and Hsp90.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Self-associates. Forms complexes with Hsp70 and Hsp90. Interacts with CDC37, FKBP4, PPID and STIP1.

10090:Eif4a3l1
gene id: 10090:Eif4a3l1
uniprot id: E9PV04
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family.

10090:Pafah1b3
gene id: 10090:Pafah1b3
uniprot id: Q61205
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Alpha1 catalytic subunit of the cytosolic type I platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH (I)) heterotetrameric enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolyze of the acetyl group at the sn-2 position of PAF and its analogs and modulates the action of PAF. The activity and substrate specificity of PAF-AH (I) are affected by its subunit composition. Both alpha1/alpha1 homodimer (PAFAH1B3/PAFAH1B3 homodimer) and alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer(PAFAH1B3/PAFAH1B2 heterodimer) hydrolyze 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoric acid (AAGPA) more efficiently than PAF, but they have little hydrolytic activity towards 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine (AAGPE). Plays an important role during the development of brain.
messages: Belongs to the 'GDSL' lipolytic enzyme family. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB beta/gamma subunits subfamily.
messages: Beta subunit (PAFAH1B1) inhibits the acetylhydrolase activity of the alpha1/alpha1 catalytic homodimer.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed already by the time of neurulation. By 10.5 dpc, expression is abundant in the developing central and peripheral nervous systems. Major sites include the neuroepithelium of the fore-, mid-, and hindbrain, the spinal cord, the dorsal root, and cranial ganglia. In adult brain, expression is greatly diminished.
messages: Forms a catalytic dimer which is either homodimer (alpha1/alpha1 homodimer) or heterodimer with PAFAH1B2 (alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer). Component of the cytosolic (PAF-AH (I)) heterotetrameric enzyme, which is composed of PAFAH1B1 (beta), PAFAH1B2 (alpha2) and PAFAH1B3 (alpha1) subunits. The catalytic activity of the enzyme resides in the alpha1 (PAFAH1B3) and alpha2 (PAFAH1B2) subunits, whereas the beta subunit (PAFAH1B1) has regulatory activity. Trimer formation is not essential for the catalytic activity (By similarity). Interacts with VLDLR; this interaction may modulate the Reelin pathway (PubMed:17330141).
messages: Knockout mice which are homozygous for the PAFAH1B2 gene appear developmentally normal, and are born at the expected Mendelian rate. Mice have normal fertility and normal spermatogenesis. Double mutant female mice which are homozygous for PAFAH1B2 and PAFAH1B3 are grossly normal and fertile, whereas double-mutant males are infertile. Double mutan mice manifest an earlier disturbance of spermatogenesis with an onset at preleptotene or leptotene stages of meiosis.
messages: Originally the subunits of the type I platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase was named alpha (PAFAH1B1), beta (PAFAH1B2) and gamma (PAFAH1B3) (By similarity). Now these subunits have been renamed beta (PAFAH1B1), alpha2 (PAFAH1B2) and alpha1 (PAFAH1B3) respectively (By similarity).

10090:Lmf2
gene id: 10090:Lmf2
uniprot id: Q8C3X8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the lipase maturation factor family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Involved in the maturation of specific proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. May be required for maturation and transport of active lipoprotein lipase (LPL) through the secretory pathway (By similarity).

10090:Igfbp2
gene id: 10090:Igfbp2
uniprot id: D3YU40
uniprot id: P47877
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds IGF2 more than IGF1.
messages: Expressed embryos at day 11.5. Also expressed in fetal livers with expression increasing dramatically after birth. Expression decreases only slightly after postnatal day 3 and remains abundant thereafter.
messages: Highly expressed in adult liver, but also in kidney, lung, brain, spleen, testis and ovary.
messages: Inhibits IGF-mediated growth and developmental rates (By similarity). IGF-binding proteins prolong the half-life of the IGFs and have been shown to either inhibit or stimulate the growth promoting effects of the IGFs on cell culture. They alter the interaction of IGFs with their cell surface receptors.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: O-glycosylated.
messages: Secreted
messages: The C-terminus is required for IGF-binding and growth inhibition.

10090:Nfe2l2
gene id: 10090:Nfe2l2
uniprot id: Q60795
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-588 and Lys-591 increases nuclear localization whereas deacetylation by SIRT1 enhances cytoplasmic presence.
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. CNC subfamily.
messages: Glycation impairs transcription factor activity by preventing heterodimerization with small Maf proteins (PubMed:31398338). Deglycation by FN3K restores activity (PubMed:31398338).
messages: Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with small Maf proteins (PubMed:9240432). Interacts (via the bZIP domain) with MAFG and MAFK; required for binding to antioxidant response elements (AREs) on DNA (PubMed:9240432, PubMed:31398338). Interacts with KEAP1; the interaction is direct and promotes ubiquitination by the BCR(KEAP1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (PubMed:9887101, PubMed:15282312, PubMed:15367669, PubMed:15581590, PubMed:16790436, PubMed:16581765, PubMed:16507366). Forms a ternary complex with PGAM5 and KEAP1 (By similarity). Interacts with EEF1D at heat shock promoter elements (HSE) (By similarity). Interacts via its leucine-zipper domain with the coiled-coil domain of PMF1 (PubMed:11583586). Interacts with CHD6; involved in activation of the transcription (By similarity). Interacts with ESRRB; represses NFE2L2 transcriptional activity (PubMed:17920186). Interacts with MOTS-c, a peptide produced by the mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA MT-RNR1; the interaction occurs in the nucleus following metabolic stress (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but have low and uninducible phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, are much more susceptible to carcinogens and the toxicity of oxygen and electrophiles and cannot be protected by inducers (PubMed:9240432, PubMed:11248092, PubMed:12032331). Mutant mice show an increased mortality during LPS and cecal ligation and puncture-induced septic shock compared to wild-types. They show greater pulmonary inflammation and greater TNF secretion upon LPS administration (PubMed:16585964). Mice lacking both Nfe2l2/Nrf2 and Keap1 reverse the hyperkeratosis phenotype observed in Keap1 knockout: mice and are healthy and viable in normal conditions (PubMed:14517554). Mice lacking both Nfe2l1 and Nfe2l2 die early between embryonic days 9 and 10 and exhibit extensive apoptosis due to marked oxidative stress in cells that is indicated by elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and cell death (PubMed:12968018).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-40 by PKC in response to oxidative stress dissociates NFE2L2 from its cytoplasmic inhibitor KEAP1, promoting its translocation into the nucleus.
messages: The ETGE motif, and to a lower extent the DLG motif, mediate interaction with KEAP1.
messages: Transcription factor that plays a key role in the response to oxidative stress: binds to antioxidant response (ARE) elements present in the promoter region of many cytoprotective genes, such as phase 2 detoxifying enzymes, and promotes their expression, thereby neutralizing reactive electrophiles (PubMed:9240432, PubMed:9887101, PubMed:12032331, PubMed:14517554, PubMed:31398338). In normal conditions, ubiquitinated and degraded in the cytoplasm by the BCR(KEAP1) complex (PubMed:15282312, PubMed:15367669, PubMed:15581590). In response to oxidative stress, electrophile metabolites inhibit activity of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting nuclear accumulation of NFE2L2/NRF2, heterodimerization with one of the small Maf proteins and binding to ARE elements of cytoprotective target genes (PubMed:12032331). The NFE2L2/NRF2 pathway is also activated in response to selective autophagy: autophagy promotes interaction between KEAP1 and SQSTM1/p62 and subsequent inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, leading to NFE2L2/NRF2 nuclear accumulation and expression of cytoprotective genes (PubMed:20421418, PubMed:20173742). May also be involved in the transcriptional activation of genes of the beta-globin cluster by mediating enhancer activity of hypersensitive site 2 of the beta-globin locus control region (By similarity). Also plays an important role in the regulation of the innate immune response. It is a critical regulator of the innate immune response and survival during sepsis by maintaining redox homeostasis and restraint of the dysregulation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways like MyD88-dependent and -independent and TNF-alpha signaling (PubMed:16585964). Suppresses macrophage inflammatory response by blocking pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription and the induction of IL6 (PubMed:27211851). Binds to the proximity of pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages and inhibits RNA Pol II recruitment. The inhibition is independent of the Nrf2-binding motif and reactive oxygen species …
messages: Ubiquitinated in the cytoplasm by the BCR(KEAP1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex leading to its degradation (PubMed:15282312, PubMed:15367669, PubMed:15581590, PubMed:16790436, PubMed:20421418). In response to oxidative stress, electrophile metabolites, such as sulforaphane, modify KEAP1, leading to inhibit activity of the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting NFE2L2/NRF2 nuclear accumulation and activity (PubMed:15367669). In response to autophagy, the BCR(KEAP1) complex is inactivated (PubMed:20421418).
messages: Widely expressed. Highest expression in liver, skeletal muscle, luminal cells of the stomach and intestine, lining of the bronchi and alveoli, and in renal tubules; followed by heart, spleen, testis and brain.
messages: cytosol

10090:Olfr1062
gene id: 10090:Olfr1062
uniprot id: Q7TR71
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trmt9b
gene id: 10090:Trmt9b
uniprot id: Q80WQ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: May modifie wobble uridines in specific arginine and glutamic acid tRNAs. Acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting the expression of LIN9 (By similarity).

10090:Cfap74
gene id: 10090:Cfap74
uniprot id: Q3UY96
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: As part of the central apparatus of the cilium axoneme may play a role in cilium movement.
messages: Belongs to the CFAP74 family.
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Vmn1r185
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r185
uniprot id: Q8R299
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sgpp1
gene id: 10090:Sgpp1
uniprot id: Q9JI99
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type 2 lipid phosphate phosphatase family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Highly expressed in liver and kidney. Expressed in epidermis, in the stratum granulosum and the stratum spinosum (PubMed:23637227).
messages: Inhibited by NaF, sodium orthovanadate, propanolol, and N-ethylmaleimide.
messages: Mutants appear normal at birth, but during the first week of life they exhibit stunted growth and suffer desquamation, with most dying before weaning (PubMed:23637227). Their subcorneal layers, including the stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale, are significantly thicker, whereas the stratum corneum is thinner than in wild-type mic (PubMed:23637227).
messages: Specifically dephosphorylates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), dihydro-S1P, and phyto-S1P (PubMed:10859351, PubMed:11756451). Does not act on ceramide 1-phosphate, lysophosphatidic acid or phosphatidic acid. Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase activity is needed for efficient recycling of sphingosine into the sphingolipid synthesis pathway. Regulates the intracellular levels of the bioactive sphingolipid metabolite S1P that regulates diverse biological processes acting both as an extracellular receptor ligand or as an intracellular second messenger (PubMed:10859351, Ref.2). Involved in efficient ceramide synthesis from exogenous sphingoid bases. Converts S1P to sphingosine, which is readily metabolized to ceramide via ceramide synthase (PubMed:12235122, PubMed:17895250). In concert with sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2), recycles sphingosine into ceramide through a phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle (PubMed:17895250). Regulates endoplasmic-to-Golgi trafficking of ceramides, resulting in the regulation of ceramide levels in the endoplasmic reticulum, preferentially long-chain ceramide species, and influences the anterograde membrane transport of both ceramide and proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus (By similarity). The modulation of intracellular ceramide levels in turn regulates apoptosis (PubMed:12235122). Via S1P levels, modulates resting tone, intracellular Ca(2+) and myogenic vasoconstriction in resistance arteries. Also involved in unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress-induced autophagy via regulation of intracellular S1P levels (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of epidermal homeostasis and keratinocyte differentiation (PubMed:23637227).

10090:Maob
gene id: 10090:Maob
uniprot id: Q8BW75
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.
messages: Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of primary and some secondary amines such as neurotransmitters, and exogenous amines including the tertiary amine, neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), with concomitant reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide and participates in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues (PubMed:4156831). Preferentially degrades benzylamine and phenylethylamine (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Monomer, homo- or heterodimer (containing two subunits of similar size). Each subunit contains a covalently bound flavin. Enzymatically active as monomer (By similarity).

10090:Scfd1
gene id: 10090:Scfd1
uniprot id: Q8BRF7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Interacts with STX17. Interacts with STX5A. Interacts with the COG complex via COG4 (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in SNARE-pin assembly and Golgi-to-ER retrograde transport via its interaction with COG4. Involved in vesicular transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi (By similarity).

10090:Gm21469
gene id: 10090:Gm21469
uniprot id: Q62457
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Nme5
gene id: 10090:Nme5
uniprot id: Q3V2L8
uniprot id: Q99MH5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NDK family.
messages: Does not seem to have NDK kinase activity. Confers protection from cell death by Bax and alters the cellular levels of several antioxidant enzymes including Gpx5. May play a role in spermiogenesis by increasing the ability of late-stage spermatids to eliminate reactive oxygen species.
messages: Expressed in the trachea, ependymal cells and oviduct (at protein level) (PubMed:32203505). Expressed predominantly in germ cells of the testis. Not expressed in testicular somatic cells.
messages: First appears in pachytene spermatocytes and increases in abundance in subsequent stages.
messages: cilium

10090:Msh5
gene id: 10090:Msh5
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY8
uniprot id: Q9QUM7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutS family.
messages: Heterooligomer of MSH4 and MSH5. Interacts with HJURP (By similarity).
messages: Involved in DNA mismatch repair and meiotic recombination processes. Facilitates crossovers between homologs during meiosis (By similarity).

10090:Pramel1
gene id: 10090:Pramel1
uniprot id: Q99MW3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the spermatogenic cells during early spermatogenesis (at protein level). Expressed postnatally from week 1 onwards with a slight increase in expression levels until week 3 (at protein level).
messages: May play a role in acrosome development and also in sperm maturation and motility.
messages: Specifically expressed in testis (at protein level).
messages: acrosome
messages: flagellum

10090:Birc6
gene id: 10090:Birc6
uniprot id: O88738
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Anti-apoptotic protein which can regulate cell death by controlling caspases and by acting as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase. Has an unusual ubiquitin conjugation system in that it could combine in a single polypeptide, ubiquitin conjugating (E2) with ubiquitin ligase (E3) activity, forming a chimeric E2/E3 ubiquitin ligase. Its targets include CASP9 and DIABLO/SMAC. Acts as an inhibitor of CASP3, CASP7 and CASP9. Important regulator for the final stages of cytokinesis. Crucial for normal vesicle targeting to the site of abscission, but also for the integrity of the midbody and the midbody ring, and its striking ubiquitin modification. Required for normal placenta development.
messages: Endosome
messages: Homodimer. Binds the activated, processed forms of CASP3, CASP6 and CASP7. Interacts with RNF41, KIF23/MKLP1, USP8/UBPY, BIRC5/survivin, MAP2K1/MEK1, RAB8A/RAB8, RAB11A/RAB11, PLK1, EXOC3/SEC6 and EXOC4/SEC8 (By similarity). Interacts with CASP9, DIABLO/SMAC and HTRA2.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Inhibited by DIABLO/SMAC, HTRA2, CASP3, CASP6, CASP7 and CASP9.
messages: Mice exhibit perinatal lethality and growth deficiencies, which are linked to a defect in proper placental development.
messages: Midbody ring
messages: The BIR domain is essential for its antiapoptotic function and is important for binding to DIABLO/SMAC and CASP9.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination is mediated by the RNF41 E3 ligase and leads to proteasomal degradation, impairing inhibition of apoptosis. Deubiquitinated by USP8/UBPY (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in the brain and kidney.
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Ap3d1
gene id: 10090:Ap3d1
uniprot id: O54774
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (delta-type subunit AP3D1 and beta-type subunit AP3B1 or AP3B2), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP3M1 or AP3M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit APS1 or AP3S2) (By similarity). AP-3 associates with the BLOC-1 complex. Interacts with SLC30A2. Interacts with CLN3 (via dileucine motif); this interaction facilitates lysosomal targeting (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Part of the AP-3 complex, an adaptor-related complex which is not clathrin-associated. The complex is associated with the Golgi region as well as more peripheral structures. It facilitates the budding of vesicles from the Golgi membrane and may be directly involved in trafficking to lysosomes (By similarity). Involved in process of CD8+ T-cell and NK cell degranulation (By similarity). In concert with the BLOC-1 complex, AP-3 is required to target cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals (PubMed:21998198).

10090:Gm20891
gene id: 10090:Gm20891
uniprot id: Q9D9T3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Myoc
gene id: 10090:Myoc
uniprot id: O70624
uniprot id: Q05AC1
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Polymorphism
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in ciliary body, iris, retina, trabecular network and sclera but not in lens or cornea. Also expressed strongly in skeletal muscle and weakly in heart, brain, testis, liver, kidney, thyroid and epididymis. No expression detected in embryo. Expressed in sciatic nerve.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Homodimer (via N-terminus). Interacts with OLFM3, FN1, NRCAM, GLDN and NFASC. Interacts (via N-terminus) with MYL2. Interacts with SFRP1, FRZB, FZD7, FZD10, FZD1 and WIF1; regulates Wnt signaling. Interacts with SNTA1; regulates muscle hypertrophy (PubMed:22371502). Interacts with ERBB2 and ERBB3; activates ERBB2-ERBB3 signaling pathway (PubMed:23897819). Interacts with SNCG; affects its secretion and its aggregation (PubMed:16392033).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice lacking Myoc are viable, fertile and show no significant differences in intraocular pressure or clinical signs of glaucoma. They also show a reduction in cortical bone thickness as well as trabecular volume.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Palmitoylated.
messages: Rough endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted glycoprotein regulating the activation of different signaling pathways in adjacent cells to control different processes including cell adhesion, cell-matrix adhesion, cytoskeleton organization and cell migration. Promotes substrate adhesion, spreading and formation of focal contacts. Negatively regulates cell-matrix adhesion and stress fiber assembly through Rho protein signal transduction. Modulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton by stimulating the formation of stress fibers through interactions with components of Wnt signaling pathways. Promotes cell migration through activation of PTK2 and the downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling (By similarity). Plays a role in bone formation and promotes osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling (PubMed:23629661). Mediates myelination in the peripheral nervous system through ERBB2/ERBB3 signaling (PubMed:23897819). Plays a role as a regulator of muscle hypertrophy through the components of dystrophin-associated protein complex (PubMed:22371502). Involved in positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization. Plays a role in neurite outgrowth. May participate in the obstruction of fluid outflow in the trabecular meshwork (By similarity).
messages: Undergoes a calcium-dependent proteolytic cleavage at Gln-212 by CAPN2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. The result is the production of two fragments, one of 35 kDa containing the C-terminal olfactomedin-like domain, and another of 20 kDa containing the N-terminal leucine zipper-like domain (By similarity).
messages: Variant Ala-164 is found in strain BALB/cJ which has a low intraocular pressure (PubMed:9588210, PubMed:9675094). Variant Thr-164 is found in strains C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J, two strains which have a relatively high intraocular pressure (PubMed:9588210, PubMed:9548973, PubMed:9680392).
messages: cilium
messages: extracellular exosome
messages: extracellular matrix
messages: extracellular space

10090:Ncbp1
gene id: 10090:Ncbp1
uniprot id: Q3UYV9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NCBP1 family.
messages: Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds cotranscriptionally to the 5'-cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, translation regulation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA export. The CBC complex is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus via its interaction with ALYREF/THOC4/ALY, leading to the recruitment of the mRNA export machinery to the 5'-end of mRNA and to mRNA export in a 5' to 3' direction through the nuclear pore. The CBC complex is also involved in mediating U snRNA and intronless mRNAs export from the nucleus. The CBC complex is essential for a pioneer round of mRNA translation, before steady state translation when the CBC complex is replaced by cytoplasmic cap-binding protein eIF4E. The pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the CBC complex plays a central role in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), NMD only taking place in mRNAs bound to the CBC complex, but not on eIF4E-bound mRNAs. The CBC complex enhances NMD in mRNAs containing at least one exon-junction complex (EJC) via its interaction with UPF1, promoting the interaction between UPF1 and UPF2. The CBC complex is also involved in 'failsafe' NMD, which is independent of the EJC complex, while it does not participate in Staufen-mediated mRNA decay (SMD). During cell proliferation, the CBC complex is also involved in microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis via its interaction with SRRT/ARS2 and is required for miRNA-mediated RNA interference. The CBC complex also acts as a negative regulator of PARN, thereby acting as an inhibitor of mRNA deadenylation. In the CBC complex, NCBP1/CBP80 does not bind directly capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA) but is required to stabilize the movement of the N-terminal loop of NCBP2/CBP20 and lock the CBC into a high affinity cap-binding state with the cap structure. Associates with NCBP3 to form an alternative cap-binding complex (CBC) which plays a key rol…
messages: Component of the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC), a heterodimer composed of NCBP1/CBP80 and NCBP2/CBP20 that interacts with m7GpppG-capped RNA. Found in a U snRNA export complex containing PHAX/RNUXA, NCBP1/CBP80, NCBP2/CBP20, RAN, XPO1 and m7G-capped RNA. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with PHAX/RNUXA, SRRT/ARS2, EIF4G2, IGF2BP1, HNRNPF, HNRNPH1, KIAA0427/CTIF, PARN, DROSHA, UPF1 and ALYREF/THOC4. May interact with EIF4G1; the interaction is however controversial. The large PER complex involved in the repression of transcriptional termination is composed of at least PER2, CDK9, DDX5, DHX9, NCBP1/CBP80 and POLR2A (active). Component of an alternative nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) composed of NCBP1/CBP80 and NCBP3 (By similarity). Interacts with METTL3 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFC3H1 in a RNase-insensitive manner (By similarity). Interacts with MTREX (By similarity). Interacts with TASOR (PubMed:31112734). Interacts with DHX34; the interaction is RNA-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the spermatogonia, spermatocytes and granular cells within the cerebellum.
messages: Nucleus

10090:AI837181
gene id: 10090:AI837181
uniprot id: Q8VD62
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0696 family.

10090:Nt5dc3
gene id: 10090:Nt5dc3
uniprot id: Q3UHB1
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the 5'(3')-deoxyribonucleotidase family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.

10090:Tmem225
gene id: 10090:Tmem225
uniprot id: Q9D9S2
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in testis 25 days after birth and thereafter.
messages: Expressed in testis, epididymis and spermatozoa (at protein level). Not expressed in brain, heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts (via RVxF motif) with PPP1CC.
messages: Probably inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in sperm via binding to catalytic subunit PPP1CC.
messages: This protein is not related to the claudin family.
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Stac3
gene id: 10090:Stac3
uniprot id: Q8BZ71
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Complete perinatal lethality, due to paralysis and inability to breathe (PubMed:23626854, PubMed:23818578). Embryos have a curved body with abnormal curvature of the vertebral spine and drooping forelimbs (PubMed:23626854, PubMed:23818578). They display multiple skeletal abnormalities involving ribs, sternum and costal cartilage, and strongly reduced formation of bone ridges at major muscle attachment sites (PubMed:23818578). They weigh about 15% less than wild-type at 18.5 dpc (PubMed:23626854). They do not move or respond to touch, but have a beating heart when dissected out of the uterus (PubMed:23626854). Their myofibers have altered morphology with centrally located nuclei, unlike wild-type, where the nuclei are located in the periphery of the myofibers (PubMed:23626854, PubMed:23818578). Sarcomeres have streaming Z-lines (PubMed:23626854). The diaphragm does not contract in response to membrane depolarization or electric stimulation (PubMed:23818578). Myotubes from mutant mice lack voltage-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:23818578).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dected in skeletal muscle, including soleus, extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior, quadriceps and gastrocnemius. Detected in tongue.
messages: Detected in somites and limb buds at 9.5 and 13 dpc, in embryonic limb muscle and tongue (PubMed:23626854, PubMed:23818578). Detected in tongue and diaphragm at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:23818578).
messages: Interacts (via SH3 domains) with the calcium channels CACNA1S and CACNA1C (PubMed:28112192, PubMed:29467163, PubMed:29363593). Component of a calcium channel complex with CACNA1S and CACNB1 (PubMed:28112192). Component of a calcium channel complex with CACNA1C and CACNB1 (PubMed:28112192).
messages: Required for normal excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle and for normal muscle contraction in response to membrane depolarization (PubMed:23818578, PubMed:27621462, PubMed:29467163). Required for normal Ca(2+) release from the sarcplasmic reticulum, which ultimately leads to muscle contraction (PubMed:23818578). Probably functions via its effects on muscle calcium channels. Increases CACNA1S channel activity, in addition to its role in enhancing the expression of CACNA1S at the cell membrane (PubMed:27621462). Has a redundant role in promoting the expression of the calcium channel CACNA1S at the cell membrane (PubMed:25548159, PubMed:27621462, PubMed:29467163). Slows down the inactivation rate of the calcium channel CACNA1C (PubMed:25548159, PubMed:29363593).
messages: T-tubule
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Usp15
gene id: 10090:Usp15
uniprot id: Q8R5H1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A homodimer structure has been reported; however it is unclear whether the protein form a homodimer in vivo. Identified in a complex with the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN). Interacts with SMAD1, SMAD2 and SMAD3; the interaction is direct. Forms a complex with SMURF2 and SMAD7. Interacts with TGFBR1. Interacts with SART3; the interaction is direct. May interact with RNF20 and RNF40. May interact with PRKN. Interacts with INCA1.
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Hydrolase that removes conjugated ubiquitin from target proteins and regulates various pathways such as the TGF-beta receptor signaling, NF-kappa-B and RNF41/NRDP1-PRKN pathways. Acts as a key regulator of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway, but the precise mechanism is still unclear: according to a report, acts by promoting deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated R-SMADs (SMAD1, SMAD2 and/or SMAD3), thereby alleviating inhibition of R-SMADs and promoting activation of TGF-beta target genes. According to another reports, regulates the TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway by mediating deubiquitination and stabilization of TGFBR1, leading to an enhanced TGF-beta signal. Able to mediate deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated substrates, 'Lys-27'-, 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains. May also regulate gene expression and/or DNA repair through the deubiquitination of histone H2B. Acts as an inhibitor of mitophagy by counteracting the action of parkin (PRKN): hydrolyzes cleavage of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains attached by parkin on target proteins such as MFN2, thereby reducing parkin's ability to drive mitophagy. Acts as an associated component of COP9 signalosome complex (CSN) and regulates different pathways via this association: regulates NF-kappa-B by mediating deubiquitination of NFKBIA and deubiquitinates substrates bound to VCP. Involved in endosome organization by mediating deubiquitination of SQSTM1: ubiquitinated SQSTM1 forms a molecular bridge that restrains cognate vesicles in the perinuclear region and its deubiquitination releases target vesicles for fast transport into the cell periphery. Acts as a negative regulator of antifungal immunity by mediating 'Lys-27'-linked deubiquitination of CARD9, thereby inactivating CARD9.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation protects against ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in the brain and spleen, and lowest levels in the muscles (at protein level) (PubMed:24852371). In the midbrain, strong expression in neurons including the dopaminergic neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:24852371). Widely expressed with highest levels in testis, heart and liver (PubMed:12532266).

10090:Cxcl3
gene id: 10090:Cxcl3
uniprot id: Q6W5C0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.
messages: By lipopolysaccharide.
messages: Ligand for CXCR2. Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exert its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion.
messages: Secreted

10090:Gramd2
gene id: 10090:Gramd2
uniprot id: Q3V3G7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: GRAM domain is required for specific location to endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS). Mediates interaction to phosphatidylinositol lipids and binding to plasma membrane.
messages: Participates in the organization ofendoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS) with pleiotropic functions including STIM1 recruitment and calcium homeostasis. Constitutive tether that co-localize with ESYT2/3 tethers at endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites in a phosphatidylinositol lipid-dependent manner. Pre-marks the subset of phosphtidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate (PI(4,5)P2)-enriched EPCS destined for the store operated calcium entry pathway (SOCE).
messages: Phosphorylated.

10090:Plk1
gene id: 10090:Plk1
uniprot id: Q07832
uniprot id: Q3TPZ2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by phosphorylation of Thr-210 by AURKA; phosphorylation by AURKA is enhanced by BORA. Once activated, activity is stimulated by binding target proteins. Binding of target proteins has no effect on the non-activated kinase. Several inhibitors targeting PLKs are currently in development and are under investigation in a growing number of clinical trials, such as BI 2536, an ATP-competitive PLK1 inhibitor or BI 6727, a dihydropteridinone that specifically inhibits the catalytic activity of PLK1 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC5/Polo subfamily.
messages: Catalytic activity is enhanced by phosphorylation of Thr-210. Phosphorylation at Thr-210 is first detected on centrosomes in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, peaks in prometaphase and gradually disappears from centrosomes during anaphase. Dephosphorylation at Thr-210 at centrosomes is probably mediated by protein phosphatase 1C (PP1C), via interaction with PPP1R12A/MYPT1. Autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of Ser-137 may not be significant for the activation of PLK1 during mitosis, but may enhance catalytic activity during recovery after DNA damage checkpoint. Phosphorylated in vitro by STK10 (By similarity).
messages: In the thymus, levels increased during fetal development, were highest in newborn animals and decreased in the adult. In the testes, the PLK levels were higher in the adult than in prepubescent mice while in the ovary, the levels were higher in the prepubescent mice. Accumulates to a maximum during the G2 and M phases, declines to a nearly undetectable level following mitosis and throughout G1 phase, and then begins to accumulate again during S phase.
messages: Interacts with CEP170 and EVI5. Interacts and phosphorylates ERCC6L. Interacts with FAM29A. Interacts with SLX4/BTBD12 and TTDN1. Interacts with BUB1B. Interacts (via POLO-box domain) with the phosphorylated form of BUB1, CENPU and CDC25C. Interacts with isoform 3 of SGO1. Interacts with BORA, KIF2A and AURKA. Interacts with TOPORS and CYLD. Interacts with ECT2; the interaction is stimulated upon phosphorylation of ECT2 on 'Thr-444'. Interacts with PRC1. Interacts with KIF20A/MKLP2 (when phosphorylated), leading to the recruitment at the central spindle. Interacts (via POLO box domains) with PPP1R12A/MYPT1 (when previously phosphorylated by CDK1) (By similarity). Part of an astrin (SPAG5)-kinastrin (SKAP) complex containing KNSTRN, SPAG5, PLK1, DYNLL1 and SGO2 (By similarity). Interacts with BIRC6/bruce (By similarity). Interacts with CDK1-phosphorylated DCTN6 during mitotic prometaphase; the interaction facilitates recruitment to kinetochores (By similarity). Interacts with CDK1-phosphorylated FRY; this interaction occurs in mitotic cells, but not in interphase cells. FRY interaction facilitates AURKA-mediated PLK1 phosphorylation. Interacts with CEP68; the interaction phosphorylates CEP68. Interacts (via POLO-box domain) with DCTN1 (By similarity). Interacts with CEP20 in later G1, S, G2 and M phases of the cell cycle; this interaction recruits PLK1 to centrosomes, a step required for S phase progression (By similarity). Interacts with HSF1; this interaction increases upon heat shock but does not modulate neither HSF1 homotrimerization nor DNA-binding activities (By similarity). Interacts with HNRNPU; this interaction induces phosphorylation of HNRNPU in mitosis (By similarity). Interacts (via its N-terminus) with RIOK2 (By similarity). Interacts with KLHL22 (By similarity). Interacts (via POLO box domains) with NEDD9/HEF1 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:29191835).
messages: Lethality: homozygous embryos do not develop beyond the eight cell stage. Heterozygous mice are healthy and fertile but frequently develop tumors, most frequently lung-invading and liver-invading lymphomas. Analysis of chromosome spreads of spleen-derived cells from 6-month-old mice show aneuploidy.
messages: Midbody
messages: Newborn and adult spleen, fetal and newborn kidney, liver, brain, thymus and adult bone marrow, thymus, ovary and testes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that performs several important functions throughout M phase of the cell cycle, including the regulation of centrosome maturation and spindle assembly, the removal of cohesins from chromosome arms, the inactivation of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) inhibitors, and the regulation of mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Polo-like kinase proteins acts by binding and phosphorylating proteins are that already phosphorylated on a specific motif recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates BORA, BUB1B/BUBR1, CCNB1, CDC25C, CEP55, ECT2, ERCC6L, FBXO5/EMI1, FOXM1, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, NEDD1, NINL, NPM1, NUDC, PKMYT1/MYT1, KIZ, PPP1R12A/MYPT1, PRC1, RACGAP1/CYK4, SGO1, STAG2/SA2, TEX14, TOPORS, p73/TP73, TPT1, WEE1 and HNRNPU. Plays a key role in centrosome functions and the assembly of bipolar spindles by phosphorylating KIZ, NEDD1 and NINL. NEDD1 phosphorylation promotes subsequent targeting of the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gTuRC) to the centrosome, an important step for spindle formation. Phosphorylation of NINL component of the centrosome leads to NINL dissociation from other centrosomal proteins. Involved in mitosis exit and cytokinesis by phosphorylating CEP55, ECT2, KIF20A/MKLP2, CENPU, PRC1 and RACGAP1. Recruited at the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2; creates its own docking sites on PRC1 and KIF20A/MKLP2 by mediating phosphorylation of sites subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains. Phosphorylates RACGAP1, thereby creating a docking site for the Rho GTP exchange factor ECT2 that is essential for the cleavage furrow formation. Promotes the central spindle recruitment of ECT2. Plays a central role in G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle by phosphorylating CCNB1, CDC25C, FOXM1, CENPU, PKMYT1/MYT1, PPP1R12A/MYPT1 and WEE1. Part of a regulatory circuit that promotes the activation of CDK1 by phosphorylating the positive regulator CDC25C and inhibiting the negative regulators WEE1 …
messages: The POLO box domains act as phosphopeptide-binding module that recognize and bind serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs. PLK1 recognizes and binds docking proteins that are already phosphorylated on these motifs, and then phosphorylates them. PLK1 can also create its own docking sites by mediating phosphorylation of serine-[phosphothreonine/phosphoserine]-(proline/X) motifs subsequently recognized by the POLO box domains (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) in anaphase and following DNA damage, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitination is mediated via its interaction with FZR1/CDH1. Ubiquitination and subsequent degradation prevents entry into mitosis and is essential to maintain an efficient G2 DNA damage checkpoint. Monoubiquitination at Lys-492 by the BCR(KLHL22) ubiquitin ligase complex does not lead to degradation: it promotes PLK1 dissociation from phosphoreceptor proteins and subsequent removal from kinetochores, allowing silencing of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and chromosome segregation (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Pde1b
gene id: 10090:Pde1b
uniprot id: A0A2I3BPC1
uniprot id: Q01065
uniprot id: Q6PDS5
uniprot id: Q9DBS6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase family. PDE1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions, while site 2 has a preference for magnesium and/or manganese ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 1 may preferentially bind zinc ions.
messages: Binds 2 divalent metal cations per subunit. Site 2 has a preference for magnesium ions.
messages: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. Has a preference for cGMP as a substrate.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Type I PDE are activated by the binding of calmodulin in the presence of Ca(2+).
messages: cytosol

10090:Gid8
gene id: 10090:Gid8
uniprot id: Q9D7M1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GID8 family.
messages: Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. Acts as a positive regulator of Wnt signaling pathway by promoting beta-catenin (CTNNB1) nuclear accumulation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; may also form higher oligomers (PubMed:27920276). Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles. Interacts with RANBP9. Part of a complex consisting of RANBP9, MKLN1 and GID8. Interacts with CTNNB1, AXIN1 and GSK3B (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated through 'Lys-48'-polyubiquitin chains, leading to proteasomal degradation in the absence of Wnt stimulation.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Pnp2
gene id: 10090:Pnp2
uniprot id: Q9D8C9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PNP/MTAP phosphorylase family.
messages: Homotrimer.
messages: The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine bases and pentose-1-phosphate.

10090:Bicd2
gene id: 10090:Bicd2
uniprot id: D3Z390
uniprot id: Q921C5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an adapter protein linking the dynein motor complex to various cargos and converts dynein from a non-processive to a highly processive motor in the presence of dynactin. Facilitates and stabilizes the interaction between dynein and dynactin and activates dynein processivity (the ability to move along a microtubule for a long distance without falling off the track) (PubMed:11483508, PubMed:25035494, PubMed:24986880, PubMed:22956769). Facilitates the binding of RAB6A to the Golgi by stabilizing its GTP-bound form (PubMed:25962623). Regulates coat complex coatomer protein I (COPI)-independent Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum transport via its interaction with RAB6A and recruitment of the dynein-dynactin motor complex (PubMed:12447383, PubMed:25962623). Contributes to nuclear and centrosomal positioning prior to mitotic entry through regulation of both dynein and kinesin-1. During G2 phase of the cell cycle, associates with RANBP2 at the nuclear pores and recruits dynein and dynactin to the nuclear envelope to ensure proper positioning of the nucleus relative to centrosomes prior to the onset of mitosis (PubMed:20386726).
messages: Belongs to the BicD family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with CPNE4 (via VWFA domain) (PubMed:12522145). Interacts with NEK9 (By similarity). Interacts with DCTN2 (PubMed:11483508, PubMed:22956769). Interacts with RAB6A (PubMed:12447383, PubMed:25962623). Interacts with DNAI1 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLL1, DYNC1H1, DYNC1I2 and DCTN1 (PubMed:22956769). Forms a complex with dynein and dynactin (PubMed:24986880). The dynein-dynactin-BICD2 ternary complex (DDB) binds preferentially to tyrosinated microtubules than to detyrosinated microtubules (PubMed:26968983). Interacts with RANBP2, RAB6A and KIF5A (PubMed:20386726). Interacts with KIF1C (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Phosphorylated by NEK9 in vitro.
messages: The fourth coiled coil region is involved in Golgi targeting and in the interaction with DCTN2.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with high expression in the spinal cord.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Rftn1
gene id: 10090:Rftn1
uniprot id: Q6A0D4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the raftlin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Early endosome
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in T-cells, B-cells, thymus and spleen (at protein level) (PubMed:19414744, PubMed:12805216). Expressed in dendritic cells, macrophages, heart, lung and small intestine (PubMed:19414744).
messages: Interacts with TLR4; the interaction occurs in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Interacts with CLTC; the interaction occurs in response to pathogens. Interacts with AP2A1 and AP2B1.
messages: Involved in protein trafficking via association with clathrin and AP2 complex (By similarity). Upon bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation, mediates internalization of TLR4 to endosomes in dendritic cells and macrophages, and internalization of poly(I:C) to TLR3-positive endosomes in myeloid dendritic cells and epithelial cells; resulting in activation of TICAM1-mediated signaling and subsequent IFNB1 production (PubMed:27022195). Involved in T-cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling by regulating tyrosine kinase LCK localization, T-cell dependent antibody production and cytokine secretion (PubMed:19414744). May regulate B-cell antigen receptor-mediated signaling (By similarity). May play a pivotal role in the formation and/or maintenance of lipid rafts (By similarity).
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mutant mice have smaller spleen, fewer splenocytes, reduced IgM production and secrete less IFNG, during antigen re-stimulation (PubMed:19414744). Double RFTN1 and RFTN2 mutant mice show no visible phenotype under pathogen-free conditions but show greatly reduced IFNB1 production in splenic dendritic cells following poly(I:C) or LPS stimulation (PubMed:27022195).

10090:D6Wsu163e
gene id: 10090:D6Wsu163e
uniprot id: Q91YN0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Plays a role in mast cell degranulation.

10090:Ncor1
gene id: 10090:Ncor1
uniprot id: Q5PRE9
uniprot id: Q5RIM6
uniprot id: Q8BK32
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the N-CoR nuclear receptor corepressors family.

10090:Olfr1342
gene id: 10090:Olfr1342
uniprot id: Q8VFY3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm20738
gene id: 10090:Gm20738
uniprot id: Q810R8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Elovl3
gene id: 10090:Elovl3
uniprot id: A0A498WFQ4
uniprot id: O35949
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ELO family.
messages: Belongs to the ELO family. ELOVL3 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the first and rate-limiting reaction of the four reactions that constitute the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process allows the addition of 2 carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) per cycle. Condensing enzyme that exhibits activity toward saturated and unsaturated acyl-CoA substrates with higher activity toward C18 acyl-CoAs, especially C18:0 acyl-CoAs. May participate in the production of saturated and monounsaturated VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators. Participates in the formation of certain VLCFA and triglycerides in certain cells of the hair follicles and the sebaceous glands, required for skin barrier function. Critical enzyme for lipid accumulation and metabolic activity in brown adipocytes during the early phase of the tissue recruitment. Plays a role in lipid storage and in resistance to diet-induced obesity.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brown adipose tissue and liver. In the skin, strong expressed in the cells of the inner layer of the outer root sheath of the hair follicles and in the sebocytes of the sebaceous glands. Hardly detectable in the epidermis and not at all in fibroblasts.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice grow normally and are fertile. They display a sparse hair coat, a hyperplastic pilosebaceous system and their hair lipid content is disturbed with exceptionally high levels of eicosenoic acid (20:1). In the triglyceride fraction, fatty acids longer than 20 carbon atoms are almost undetectable. As a result, mice exhibited a severe defect in water repulsion and increased trans-epidermal water loss. When exposed to cold stress, mutants exhibit a significantly reduced VLCFA elongation activity in brown adipose tissue, but only during the initial phase. Cold-acclimated mutants are equally efficient as normal mice at elongating fatty acids. Mutant mice are lean and resistant to diet-induced weight gain, they show normal food intake but increased metabolic rate, and show reduced hepatic lipogenesis and triglycerides synthesis.
messages: N-Glycosylated.
messages: Strongly up-regulated in brown adipose tissue in conditions of brown fat recruitment, such as cold stress, perinatal development and after diet-induced thermogenesis. A synergistic action of both catecholamines and glucocorticoids is required for the induction.

10090:Olfr1330
gene id: 10090:Olfr1330
uniprot id: Q8VEY6
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1410
gene id: 10090:Olfr1410
uniprot id: Q8VFC5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Trappc6a
gene id: 10090:Trappc6a
uniprot id: Q78XR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAPP small subunits family. BET3 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: May play a role in vesicular transport during the biogenesis of melanosomes.
messages: Part of the multisubunit transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex. Heterodimer with TRAPPC3 (By similarity). The heterodimer TRAPPC3-TRAPPC6A interacts with TRAPPC2L. Interacts with TRAPPC2L (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous, with lowest expression in skeletal muscle and brain and highest in kidney, liver and testis, as well as in cultured melanocytes.
messages: cis-Golgi network

10090:Asph
gene id: 10090:Asph
uniprot id: A2AL74
uniprot id: A2AL75
uniprot id: A2AL76
uniprot id: A2AL78
uniprot id: A2AL81
uniprot id: A2AL85
uniprot id: Q3TU40
uniprot id: Q8BQK0
uniprot id: Q8BSY0
uniprot id: Q8CBM2
uniprot id: Q9CR06
uniprot id: Q9D7J8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Isoform 1 is detected in heart, liver and ovary (at protein level). Detected in heart ventricle. Isoform 1 is widely expressed. Isoform 2 is detected in heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Isoform 2 interacts with CASQ2.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Selective disruption of isoform 1 abolishes liver aspartyl beta-hydroxylase activity, but does not affect the expression of isoform 2. Mice lacking isoform 1 have normal blood chemistry, do not present blood coagulation defects and appear more or less normal, except for shorter snouts, mild defects of the palate ridges, syndactily due to fusion of soft tissues and reduced litter size from mutant females, while male fertility appears normal. Mice lacking isoform 2 show no visible phenotype.
messages: Specifically hydroxylates an Asp or Asn residue in certain epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domains of a number of proteins.
messages: Strongly expressed in the snout, limbs and eye of 11.5 dpc and 12 dpc. Strong localization of the protein in the lens of the developing eye at all three stages.

10090:Prps2
gene id: 10090:Prps2
uniprot id: Q9CS42
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by magnesium and inorganic phosphate. Competitively or non-competitively inhibited by ADP, 2,3-bisphosphoglyceride or GDP (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis.
messages: Homodimer. The active form is probably a hexamer composed of 3 homodimers (By similarity).

10090:Mok
gene id: 10090:Mok
uniprot id: Q9WVS4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Able to phosphorylate several exogenous substrates and to undergo autophosphorylation (PubMed:10421840). Negatively regulates cilium length in a cAMP and mTORC1 signaling-dependent manner (PubMed:25243405).
messages: Autophosphorylated.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis, and less in kidney, brain and lung.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation appears to increase the enzymatic activity.
messages: cilium

10090:Tlk2
gene id: 10090:Tlk2
uniprot id: O55047
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated; phosphorylation promotes the assembly of higher order oligomers and enzymatic activity.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cell cycle-regulated, with maximal activity in the S-phase. Rapidly and transiently inhibited by phosphorylation following the generation of DNA double-stranded breaks during S-phase, probably by CHEK1, possibly at Ser-696. This inhibition is cell cycle checkpoint- and ATM-dependent.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). May form homodimers; homodimerization may enhance autophosphoylation and enzymatic activity (By similarity). Heterodimer with TLK1 (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAZ; association with 14-3-3 proteins such as YWHAZ regulates subcellular location (PubMed:10455159). May also interact with FEZ1/LZTS1 and FEZ2 (By similarity). Interacts with CHD7 and CHD8 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLL1/LC8 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-696, probably by CHEK1.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the process of chromatin assembly and probably also DNA replication, transcription, repair, and chromosome segregation (By similarity). Phosphorylates the chromatin assembly factors ASF1A and ASF1B (By similarity). Phosphorylation of ASF1A prevents its proteasome-mediated degradation, thereby enhancing chromatin assembly (By similarity). Negative regulator of amino acid starvation-induced autophagy (By similarity).
messages: Testis-specific isoforms may play a role in spermatogenesis. Highly expressed in embryos throughout development.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined, with high levels in heart and testis, in particular the pachytene spermatocytes and in round spermatids. Some evidence for the existence of a testis-specific isoform suggesting a role in spermatogenesis.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: nucleoplasm
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ttbk2
gene id: 10090:Ttbk2
uniprot id: Q3UVR3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CK1 Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Defects in Ttbk2 are the cause of the bartleby (bby) phenotype characterized by defects in sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling and ciliogenesis. Embryos display morphological defects at midgestation similar to those seen in mutants that lack cilia, including holoprosencephaly, twisted body axis, abnormal limb development and randomized laterality of heart looping. Mutants die at midgestation (around 10.5 dpc).
messages: Interacts with CEP164.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine kinase that acts as a key regulator of ciliogenesis: controls the initiation of ciliogenesis by binding to the distal end of the basal body and promoting the removal of CCP110, which caps the mother centriole, leading to the recruitment of IFT proteins, which build the ciliary axoneme. Has some substrate preference for proteins that are already phosphorylated on a Tyr residue at the +2 position relative to the phosphorylation site. Able to phosphorylate tau on serines in vitro (PubMed:23141541). Phosphorylates MPHOSPH9 which promotes its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, loss of MPHOSPH9 facilitates the removal of the CP110-CEP97 complex (a negative regulator of ciliogenesis) from the mother centrioles, promoting the initiation of ciliogenesis (By similarity).
messages: centriole
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytosol

10090:Pnpt1
gene id: 10090:Pnpt1
uniprot id: Q8K1R3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homotrimer; in free form. Homooligomer. Component of the mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO) complex which is a heteropentamer containing 2 copies of SUPV3L1 and 3 copies of PNPT1. As part of the mitochondrial degradosome complex, interacts with GRSF1 in an RNA-dependent manner; the interaction enhances the activity of the complex. Interacts with TCL1A; the interaction has no effect on PNPT1 exonuclease activity.
messages: Mice show alteration in the mechanisms of polycistronic mtRNAs processing in mitochondria, resulting in fewer mature mtRNAs and a reduction in electron transport chain (ETC) components formation.
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: RNA-binding protein implicated in numerous RNA metabolic processes. Catalyzes the phosphorolysis of single-stranded polyribonucleotides processively in the 3'-to-5' direction. Mitochondrial intermembrane factor with RNA-processing exoribonulease activity. Component of the mitochondrial degradosome (mtEXO) complex, that degrades 3' overhang double-stranded RNA with a 3'-to-5' directionality in an ATP-dependent manner. Involved in the degradation of non-coding mitochondrial transcripts (MT-ncRNA) and tRNA-like molecules (By similarity). Required for correct processing and polyadenylation of mitochondrial mRNAs. Plays a role as a cytoplasmic RNA import factor that mediates the translocation of small RNA components, like the 5S RNA, the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P and the mitochondrial RNA-processing (MRP) RNA, into the mitochondrial matrix. Plays a role in mitochondrial morphogenesis and respiration; regulates the expression of the electron transport chain (ETC) components at the mRNA and protein levels. In the cytoplasm, shows a 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease mediating mRNA degradation activity; degrades c-myc mRNA upon treatment with IFNB1/IFN-beta, resulting in a growth arrest in melanoma cells. Regulates the stability of specific mature miRNAs in melanoma cells; specifically and selectively degrades miR-221, preferentially. Also plays a role in RNA cell surveillance by cleaning up oxidized RNAs. Binds to the RNA subunit of ribonuclease P, MRP RNA and miR-221 microRNA.

10090:Gpr25
gene id: 10090:Gpr25
uniprot id: P0C5I1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Grid2ip
gene id: 10090:Grid2ip
uniprot id: Q0QWG9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with C-terminus of the glutamate receptor GRID2 via PDZ domain. Isoform 2 interacts also with Profilin-2/PFN2 and with the monocarboxylate transporter SLC16A7 via PDZ domain. The interaction of isoform 2 with GRID2 is dependent on GRID2 phosphorylation by PKA.
messages: Isoform 1 is expressed in the cerebellum, but not in the cerebral cortex. Isoform 2 is expressed in the cell body of purkinge cells of the cerebellum and weakly expressed in the cerebrum and the brainstem as well as various nuclei of the thalamus. Isoform 2 is highly expressed in the cerebral cortex than in the cerebellum. Isoform 3 is expressed in the cerebellum and cerebrum.
messages: Isoform 1 shows a punctate distribution throughout the cytoplasm when expressed in COS cells, whereas isoform 2 is enriched at the edges of the plasma membranes. When expressed in cultured hippocampal neurons, isoform 1 forms clusters mainly in the dendritic shafts, whereas isoform 2 is preferentially expressed in spines.
messages: Isoform 2 is palmitoylated. Palmitoylation of isoform 2 is necessary for the enhanced cell surface expression of GRID2, and is also responsible for the accumulation of isoform 2 within dendritic spines. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are differentially localized, probably modulating GRID2 signaling in neurons.
messages: Isoform 3 expression is maintained throughout cerebellar development, while isoform 2 expression gradually decrease following the first postnatal week.
messages: Not palmitoylated.
messages: PDZ 1 domain is responsible for cytoplasmic clustering of isoform 1.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Postsynaptic scaffolding protein at the Purkinje cell synapse, where it may serve to link GRID2 with actin cytoskeleton and various signaling molecules.
messages: Synapse
messages: When Cys-3 is mutated to Ala-3, isoform 2 is not palmitoylated anymore.
messages: dendritic spine

10090:Mthfsl
gene id: 10090:Mthfsl
uniprot id: L7N466
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cyclo-ligase family.

10090:Ivd
gene id: 10090:Ivd
uniprot id: Q9JHI5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-76 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of isovaleryl-CoA/3-methylbutanoyl-CoA to 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA as an intermediate step in the leucine (Leu) catabolic pathway. To a lesser extent, is also able to catalyze the oxidation of other saturated short-chain acyl-CoA thioesters as pentanoyl-CoA, hexenoyl-CoA and butenoyl-CoA.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Fzd2
gene id: 10090:Fzd2
uniprot id: Q9JIP6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor Fz/Smo family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in embryonic and adult heart, lung, chondrocytes and brain. Also expressed in the developing gastrointestinal tract (strongest in foregut), much weaker expression in the adult. No expression in fetal liver and adult spleen. Up-regulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.
messages: Lys-Thr-X-X-X-Trp motif interacts with the PDZ domain of Dvl (Disheveled) family members and is involved in the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway.
messages: Membrane
messages: Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin and activation of Wnt target genes (By similarity). A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues.
messages: The FZ domain is involved in binding with Wnt ligands.
messages: Ubiquitinated by ZNRF3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Ndufa12
gene id: 10090:Ndufa12
uniprot id: A0A0R4J275
uniprot id: Q7TMF3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed not to be involved in catalysis. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA12 subunit family.
messages: Complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Esam
gene id: 10090:Esam
uniprot id: Q925F2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Can mediate aggregation most likely through a homophilic molecular interaction.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expression in 8.5 dpc-9.5 dpc embryos is observed in embryonic blood vessels including the dorsal aorta, intersomitic arteries and the forming vascular plexus in the head as well as the cardiac outflow tract. By 10.5 dpc-11.5 dpc embryos expression is found in association with the all recognizable blood vessels and in association with cells lining the heart chambers. At 10.5-days embryos expression is associated with syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts as well as endothelial cells associated with blood vessels in the decidua. Expression decreased after mid-gestation from 15.5-day embryos.
messages: Highly expressed in the heart and lung. Weakly expressed in the kidney and skin. Expression is restricted to the vascular endothelial cells. Expressed in the kidney, heart and tongue (at protein level). Also expressed on megakaryocytes and activated platelets.
messages: Interacts with MAGI1.
messages: Up-regulated on the surface of platelets upon activation.
messages: adherens junction
messages: tight junction

10090:Slamf8
gene id: 10090:Slamf8
uniprot id: Q9D3G2
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: May play a role in B-lineage commitment and/or modulation of signaling through the B-cell receptor.
messages: Membrane

10090:Lig1
gene id: 10090:Lig1
uniprot id: P37913
uniprot id: Q3TSU8
uniprot id: Q3U4X8
uniprot id: Q8R055
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent DNA ligase family.
messages: DNA ligase that seals nicks in double-stranded during DNA repair. Also involved in DNA replication and DNA recombination.
messages: Interacts with PCNA.
messages: Nucleus

10090:H2ac7
gene id: 10090:H2ac7
uniprot id: B2RVF0
uniprot id: C0HKE1
uniprot id: C0HKE2
uniprot id: C0HKE3
uniprot id: C0HKE4
uniprot id: C0HKE5
uniprot id: C0HKE6
uniprot id: C0HKE7
uniprot id: C0HKE8
uniprot id: C0HKE9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Deiminated on Arg-4 in granulocytes upon calcium entry.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AK119Ub) by RING1, TRIM37 and RNF2/RING2 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals. It is involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation. Ubiquitinated H2A is enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Ubiquitination of H2A functions downstream of methylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). H2AK119Ub by RNF2/RING2 can also be induced by ultraviolet and may be involved in DNA repair. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties by the E2 ligase UBE2N and the E3 ligases RNF8 and RNF168, leading to the recruitment of repair proteins to sites of DNA damage. Ubiquitination at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) in response to DNA damage is initiated by RNF168 that mediates monoubiquitination at these 2 sites, and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin are then conjugated to monoubiquitin; RNF8 is able to extend 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains in vitro. Deubiquitinated by USP51 at Lys-14 and Lys-16 (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub, respectively) after damaged DNA is repaired (By similarity). H2AK119Ub and ionizing radiation-induced 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination (H2AK13Ub and H2AK15Ub) are distinct events.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription.
messages: Several sequencing errors.
messages: Symmetric dimethylation on Arg-4 by the PRDM1/PRMT5 complex may play a crucial role in the germ-cell lineage.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Iqcf1
gene id: 10090:Iqcf1
uniprot id: Q9D9K8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Homozygote Iqcf1 mice are significantly less fertile because of reduced sperm motility and acrosome reaction.
messages: Interacts with calmodulin.
messages: Involved in sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction.
messages: Specifically expressed in testes and mature spermatozoa (at protein level).
messages: acrosome

10090:Irf9
gene id: 10090:Irf9
uniprot id: E9PZJ2
uniprot id: E9Q8M6
uniprot id: Q3UKQ7
uniprot id: Q61179
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the IRF family.
messages: By IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Upon stimulation the regulatory phosphorylated alpha and beta subunits assemble with the gamma subunit and translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
messages: Interacts with STAT2 in the cytoplasm. Forms the interferon-stimulated gene factor 3 complex (ISGF3) with the heterodimer STAT1:STAT2; upon stimulation.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that plays an essential role in anti-viral immunity. It mediates signaling by type I IFNs (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Following type I IFN binding to cell surface receptors, Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) are activated, leading to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2. IRF9/ISGF3G associates with the phosphorylated STAT1:STAT2 dimer to form a complex termed ISGF3 transcription factor, that enters the nucleus. ISGF3 binds to the IFN stimulated response element (ISRE) to activate the transcription of interferon stimulated genes, which drive the cell in an antiviral state.

10090:Dnpep
gene id: 10090:Dnpep
uniprot id: Q3TVK3
uniprot id: Q8CAJ7
uniprot id: Q9Z2W0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aminopeptidase with specificity towards an acidic amino acid at the N-terminus. Likely to play an important role in intracellular protein and peptide metabolism (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M18 family.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: One of the zinc ions is readily exchangeable with other divalent cations such as manganese, which strongly stimulates the enzymatic activity.
messages: Tetrahedron-shaped homododecamer built from six homodimers.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Abcb10
gene id: 10090:Abcb10
uniprot id: Q9JI39
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundant in the liver but not in non-hematopoietic tissues of 13 dpc embryos.
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Mitochondrial peptide exporter (TC 3.A.1.212) subfamily.
messages: By transcription factor GATA-1 during erythroid differentiation and in vitro, by DMSO during terminal erythroid maturation. Induced during cell erythroid differentiation (PubMed:20427704).
messages: Catalyzes the export of an unknown physiological substrate from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol in an ATP-dependent manner (PubMed:26053025). May also transport the heme analog Zn (II) mesoporphyrin (ZnMP) in an ATP dependent manner but can't export the heme precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) from mitochondria (PubMed:28808058, PubMed:26053025). Plays a role in the early step of the heme biosynthetic process during insertion of iron into protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). In turn participates in hemoglobin synthesis and also protects against oxidative stress (PubMed:22240895, PubMed:28808058, PubMed:24421385). In addition may be involved in mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) signaling pathway, although ABCB10 probably does not participate in peptide export from mitochondria (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at particularly high levels in fetal liver, and erythroid tissues of embryos and adults. Found also in adult bone marrow, liver and kidney, and at lower levels in heart, brain and spleen.
messages: Homodimer or homooligomer (PubMed:15215243, PubMed:30765471). Interacts with PAAT (By similarity). Interacts with SLC25A37; this interaction stabilizes SLC25A37 and enhances the function of SLC25A37 to import mitochondrial iron during erythroid differentiation (PubMed:19805291). Interacts with FECH; this interaction may allow the formation of an oligomeric complex with SLC25A37 (PubMed:20427704). Forms a complex with ABCB7 and FECH, where a dimeric FECH bridges ABCB7 and ABCB10 homodimers; this complex may be required for cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with FECH (By similarity).
messages: Homozygous knockout mice for ABCB10 are embryonic lethal and embryos are pale and die between 10.5 and 11.5 dpc because of embryonic hematopoietic failure (PubMed:24421385, PubMed:22240895). Embryos are completely resorbed by the uterus by 13.5 dpc and present severe anemia at 10.5 dpc (PubMed:22240895).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Oxidized glutathione (GSSG) stimulates ATP hydrolysis without affecting ATP binding, whereas reduced glutathione (GSH) inhibits ATP binding and hydrolysis.

10090:Acsf2
gene id: 10090:Acsf2
uniprot id: Q8VCW8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acyl-CoA synthases catalyze the initial reaction in fatty acid metabolism, by forming a thioester with CoA. Has some preference toward medium-chain substrates. Plays a role in adipocyte differentiation.
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Trcg1
gene id: 10090:Trcg1
uniprot id: Q58Y74
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expression is restricted to circumvallate papillae.

10090:Gtf2a1l
gene id: 10090:Gtf2a1l
uniprot id: Q8R4I4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TFIIA subunit 1 family.
messages: Expressed from 14 days postnatal day.
messages: May function as a testis specific transcription factor. Binds DNA in conjunction with GTF2A2 and TBP (the TATA-binding protein) and together with GTF2A2, allows mRNA transcription.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis specific. Expressed in pachytene spermatocytes and haploid spermatids.

10090:Ldb2
gene id: 10090:Ldb2
uniprot id: A0A0G2JFS7
uniprot id: O55203
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LDB family.
messages: Expressed in multiple tissues including heart, brain, liver, kidney, testis, lung and muscle, with expression highest in the brain, trigeminal ganglia, and lung.
messages: Expression in the embryo overlaps that of LIM domain-containing proteins (PubMed:9192866). Expressed widely in the embryo with highest expression in several regions of the brain, and the central nervous system ganglia (PubMed:9192866).
messages: Interacts with LHX9 (PubMed:10330499). Interacts with SLK; leading to negatively regulate SLK kinase activity (PubMed:19675209). Interacts with LMO4 (PubMed:9860983).
messages: Interacts with PITX1 (PubMed:9192866). Interacts with LHX3 (PubMed:9192866).
messages: Lacks LIM-binding domain.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates the transcriptional activity of LIM-containing proteins such as LHX3 or PITX1.
messages: Transcription cofactor (PubMed:9192866). Binds to the LIM domain of a wide variety of LIM domain-containing transcription factors (PubMed:9192866).
messages: Ubiquitinated by RLIM/RNF12, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Acsm5
gene id: 10090:Acsm5
uniprot id: Q8BGA8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by CoA to produce an acyl-CoA, the first step in fatty acid metabolism.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix

10090:Commd2
gene id: 10090:Commd2
uniprot id: Q8BXC6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via COMM domain) with COMMD1 (via COMM domain). Interacts with RELA, RELB, NFKB1/p105, NFKB2/p100. Interacts with CCDC22, CCDC93, SCNN1B, CUL3, CUL4B, CUL5, CUL7.
messages: May modulate activity of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complexes. May down-regulate activation of NF-kappa-B.

10090:Lrrfip1
gene id: 10090:Lrrfip1
uniprot id: A0A087WPK3
uniprot id: A6H5U5
uniprot id: G5E8E1
uniprot id: Q3UZ39
uniprot id: Q8BLV4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRRFIP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. May also form higher oligomers. Interacts with FLII. Interacts with MYD88 (By similarity). Competes with FLII for MyD88-binding, even in the absence of LPS (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The DNA-binding domain is intrinsically unstructured.
messages: The coiled coil mediates dimerization.
messages: Transcriptional repressor which preferentially binds to the GC-rich consensus sequence (5'-AGCCCCCGGCG-3') and may regulate expression of TNF, EGFR and PDGFA. May control smooth muscle cells proliferation following artery injury through PDGFA repression. May also bind double-stranded RNA (By similarity). Positively regulates Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in response to agonist probably by competing with the negative FLII regulator for MYD88-binding (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.

10090:Nckap1l
gene id: 10090:Nckap1l
uniprot id: Q8K1X4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Essential hematopoietic-specific regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Controls lymphocyte development, activation, proliferation and homeostasis, erythrocyte membrane stability, as well as phagocytosis and migration by neutrophils and macrophages (PubMed:19015308, PubMed:23424621). Component of the WAVE2 complex which signals downstream of RAC to stimulate F-actin polymerization (PubMed:23424621). Required for stabilization and/or translation of the WAVE2 complex proteins in hematopoietic cells (PubMed:19015308). Within the WAVE2 complex, enables the cortical actin network to restrain excessive degranulation and granule release by T-cells. Required for efficient T-lymphocyte and neutrophil migration (By similarity). Exhibits complex cycles of activation and inhibition to generate waves of propagating the assembly with actin. Also involved in mechanisms WAVE independent to regulate myosin and actin polymerization during neutrophil chemotaxis (By similarity). In T-cells, required for proper mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-dependent AKT phosphorylation, cell proliferation and cytokine secretion, including that of IL2 and TNF (By similarity).
messages: In hematopoietic cells, component of the WAVE2 complex composed of ABI1, CYFIP1/SRA1, NCKAP1L/HEM1 and WASF2/WAVE2. Interacts with ARHGAP4, PIK3C3/VPS34 and PPP1R12A/MYPT1. Interacts with mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) components, including MTOR and RICTOR.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutants exhibit lymphopenia, neutrophilia and anemia. T cell development is disrupted at the CD4(-)CD8(-) to CD4(+)CD8(+) cell stages and T cell activation and adhesion are impaired. Neutrophils fail to migrate in response to chemotactic agents and are deficient in their ability to phagocytose bacteria. They show enhanced Th17 cells production (PubMed:19015308). The anemia is microcytic, hypochromic and characterized by abnormally shaped erythrocytes with aberrant F-actin foci and decreased lifespan (PubMed:23424621).
messages: Predominantly expressed in developing and mature hematopoietic cells. Also detected in urogenital tissues, including testis.

10090:Qrfp
gene id: 10090:Qrfp
uniprot id: Q8CE23
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RFamide neuropeptide family.
messages: Expressed in the brain with highest levels in the periventricular hypothalamic nucleus and lateral hypothalamic areas. Expressed at moderate levels in the adrenal gland, eye, heart, intestine, liver, lung, kidney, mesenteric lymph node, ovary, placenta, Peyer patches, skin, spleen, stomach, testis, thymus and uterus.
messages: Ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor QRFPR/GPR103.
messages: Secreted
messages: Stimulates feeding and grooming behavior, metabolic rate and locomotor activity and increases blood pressure. May have orexigenic activity. May promote aldosterone secretion by the adrenal gland.

10090:Exosc8
gene id: 10090:Exosc8
uniprot id: Q9D753
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RNase PH family.
messages: Component of the RNA exosome complex. Specifically part of the catalytically inactive RNA exosome core (Exo-9) complex which is believed to associate with catalytic subunits EXOSC10, and DIS3 or DIS3L in cytoplasmic- and nuclear-specific RNA exosome complex forms. Exo-9 is formed by a hexameric ring of RNase PH domain-containing subunits specifically containing the heterodimers EXOSC4-EXOSC9, EXOSC5-EXOSC8 and EXOSC6-EXOSC7, and peripheral S1 domain-containing components EXOSC1, EXOSC2 and EXOSC3 located on the top of the ring structure (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Non-catalytic component of the RNA exosome complex which has 3'->5' exoribonuclease activity and participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events. In the nucleus, the RNA exosome complex is involved in proper maturation of stable RNA species such as rRNA, snRNA and snoRNA, in the elimination of RNA processing by-products and non-coding 'pervasive' transcripts, such as antisense RNA species and promoter-upstream transcripts (PROMPTs), and of mRNAs with processing defects, thereby limiting or excluding their export to the cytoplasm. The RNA exosome may be involved in Ig class switch recombination (CSR) and/or Ig variable region somatic hypermutation (SHM) by targeting AICDA deamination activity to transcribed dsDNA substrates. In the cytoplasm, the RNA exosome complex is involved in general mRNA turnover and specifically degrades inherently unstable mRNAs containing AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions, and in RNA surveillance pathways, preventing translation of aberrant mRNAs. It seems to be involved in degradation of histone mRNA. The catalytic inactive RNA exosome core complex of 9 subunits (Exo-9) is proposed to play a pivotal role in the binding and presentation of RNA for ribonucleolysis, and to serve as a scaffold for the association with catalytic subunits and accessory proteins or complexes. EXOSC8 binds to ARE-containing RNAs (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Cyp2c29
gene id: 10090:Cyp2c29
uniprot id: Q3UEF2
uniprot id: Q64458
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that selectively catalyzes the epoxidation of 14,15 double bond of (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonate) forming 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET) regioisomer. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH--hemoprotein reductase).
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in liver as well as in extrahepatic tissues including brain, kidney, lung, heart, and intestine.
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Cenph
gene id: 10090:Cenph
uniprot id: Q9QYM8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abundantly expressed between embryonic day 9.5 and 12.5.
messages: Abundantly expressed in thymus, spleen, uterus, ovary, testis and muscle, and weakly expressed in small intestine, lung and stomach. Barely detectable expression in kidney, liver, skin and prostate gland. Not detected in brain, heart or adrenal gland. Also expressed weakly in various hematopoietic cell lines.
messages: Belongs to the CENP-H/MCM16 family.
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres. Required for chromosome congression and efficiently align the chromosomes on a metaphase plate (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Self-associates. Component of the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU. The CENPA-NAC complex interacts with the CENPA-CAD complex, composed of CENPI, CENPK, CENPL, CENPO, CENPP, CENPQ, CENPR and CENPS (By similarity). Interacts directly with CENPK (By similarity). Interacts with KIF2C and NDC80 (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM36.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Krtap6-1
gene id: 10090:Krtap6-1
uniprot id: O09048
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 6 family.

10090:Mrgprf
gene id: 10090:Mrgprf
uniprot id: Q3TZA7
uniprot id: Q8VCJ6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Mas subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Orphan receptor. May bind to a neuropeptide and may regulate nociceptor function and/or development, including the sensation or modulation of pain.

10090:Cntln
gene id: 10090:Cntln
uniprot id: A2AM05
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Interacts with CEP250 and CEP68. Interacts with NEK2; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of CNTLN.
messages: Phosphorylated directly or indirectly by NEK2.
messages: Required for centrosome cohesion and recruitment of CEP68 to centrosomes.
messages: centriole

10090:Olfr1467
gene id: 10090:Olfr1467
uniprot id: Q8VFW1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr62
gene id: 10090:Olfr62
uniprot id: L7MU75
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cyth1
gene id: 10090:Cyth1
uniprot id: Q9QX11
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoinhibited by its C-terminal basic region.
messages: Binds via its PH domain to the inositol head group of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in colon and small intestine (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with TRIM23 and CYTIP (By similarity). Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with FRMD4A (via coiled-coil domain)(PubMed:20080746). Interacts with FRMD4B (PubMed:20080746). Found in a complex with PARD3, CYTH1 and FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts (via N-terminal domain) with INAVA (via N-terminal domain) (By similarity).
messages: Promotes guanine-nucleotide exchange on ARF1, ARF5 and ARF6 (PubMed:18042453, PubMed:20080746). Promotes the activation of ARF factors through replacement of GDP with GTP (PubMed:18042453). Plays an important role in membrane trafficking, during junctional remodeling and epithelial polarization, through regulation of ARF6 activity (PubMed:20080746, PubMed:29420262).
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(FBXW11) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Ubiquitination induces proteasomal degradation.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cytosol
messages: tight junction

10090:Hunk
gene id: 10090:Hunk
uniprot id: O88866
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily.

10090:Myt1l
gene id: 10090:Myt1l
uniprot id: P97500
uniprot id: Q0VGN2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MYT1 family.
messages: Brain.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expression is restricted to and present throughout the embryonic CNS and developing peripheral neural structures. In the embryonic CNS, expression is restricted to postmitotic neuronal regions. During the neurogenetic period (11 dpc-17 dpc) expression is associated temporally and spatially with the known generation of the first cortical neurons with known gradients of neuron production. Expression continues in developing postmitotic cortical neurons throughout embryonic development and is expressed within 2 days of neuronal induction in P19 cells.
messages: Interacts with SIN3B.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor that plays a key role in neuronal differentiation by specifically repressing expression of non-neuronal genes during neuron differentiation (PubMed:28379941). In contrast to other transcription repressors that inhibit specific lineages, mediates repression of multiple differentiation programs (PubMed:28379941). Also represses expression of negative regulators of neurogenesis, such as members of the Notch signaling pathway, including HES1 (PubMed:28379941). The combination of three transcription factors, ASCL1, POU3F2/BRN2 and MYT1L, is sufficient to reprogram fibroblasts and other somatic cells into induced neuronal (iN) cells in vitro (PubMed:20107439, PubMed:24243019, PubMed:27281220). Directly binds the 5'-AAGTT-3' core motif present on the promoter of target genes and represses transcription by recruiting a multiprotein complex containing SIN3B (PubMed:28379941). The 5'-AAGTT-3' core motif is absent from the promoter of neural genes (PubMed:28379941).
messages: Up-regulated by retinoic acid.

10090:Cdh7
gene id: 10090:Cdh7
uniprot id: Q8BM92
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell adhesion proteins. They preferentially interact with themselves in a homophilic manner in connecting cells; cadherins may thus contribute to the sorting of heterogeneous cell types (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.

10090:Pdlim3
gene id: 10090:Pdlim3
uniprot id: A0A1B0GSX6
uniprot id: O70209
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 15 dpc highly expressed in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Interacts with ACTN2 (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with PDLIM4 (via LIM domain) (PubMed:15663004).
messages: May play a role in the organization of actin filament arrays within muscle cells.
messages: Z line

10090:Hacd3
gene id: 10090:Hacd3
uniprot id: Q8K2C9
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the very long-chain fatty acids dehydratase HACD family.
messages: Catalyzes the third of the four reactions of the long-chain fatty acids elongation cycle. This endoplasmic reticulum-bound enzymatic process, allows the addition of two carbons to the chain of long- and very long-chain fatty acids/VLCFAs per cycle. This enzyme catalyzes the dehydration of the 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA intermediate into trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA, within each cycle of fatty acid elongation. Thereby, it participates in the production of VLCFAs of different chain lengths that are involved in multiple biological processes as precursors of membrane lipids and lipid mediators. Involved in Rac1-signaling pathways leading to the modulation of gene expression. Promotes insulin receptor/INSR autophosphorylation and is involved in INSR internalization (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: May interact with enzymes of the ELO family (including ELOVL1); with those enzymes that mediate condensation, the first of the four steps of the reaction cycle responsible for fatty acids elongation, may be part of a larger fatty acids elongase complex. Interacts with RAC1. Associates with internalized insulin receptor/INSR complexes on Golgi/endosomal membranes; HACD3/PTPLAD1 together with ATIC and PRKAA2/AMPK2 is proposed to be part of a signaling network regulating INSR autophosphorylation and endocytosis (By similarity).
messages: Shares some similarity with tyrosine phosphatase proteins but it has probably no phosphatase activity.

10090:Myod1
gene id: 10090:Myod1
uniprot id: P10085
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylated by a complex containing EP300 and PCAF. The acetylation is essential to activate target genes. Conversely, its deacetylation by SIRT1 inhibits its function.
messages: Acts as a transcriptional activator that promotes transcription of muscle-specific target genes and plays a role in muscle differentiation (PubMed:16901893). Together with MYF5 and MYOG, co-occupies muscle-specific gene promoter core region during myogenesis. Induces fibroblasts to differentiate into myoblasts. Interacts with and is inhibited by the twist protein. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins (PubMed:21798092, PubMed:3175662).
messages: Interacts with SUV39H1 (By similarity). Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Seems to form active heterodimers with ITF-2. Interacts with DDX5. Interacts with CHD2. Interacts with TSC22D3 isoform 1 and isoform 4. Interacts with SETD3 (PubMed:21832073). Interacts with P-TEFB complex; promotes the transcriptional activity of MYOD1 through its CDK9-mediated phosphorylation (PubMed:12037670). Interacts with CSRP3 (By similarity). Interacts with NUPR1 (PubMed:19723804).
messages: Methylation at Lys-104 by EHMT2/G9a inhibits myogenic activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CDK9. This phosphorylation promotes its function in muscle differentiation (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated on the N-terminus; which is required for proteasomal degradation.

10090:Clec2g
gene id: 10090:Clec2g
uniprot id: Q9D676
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Constitutively expressed in bone marrow cells. Up-regulated in vagina after 17-beta-estradiol treatment. Down-regulated after removal of ovaries.
messages: Detected in vagina, eye, tongue, stomach and spleen.
messages: Inhibits osteoclast formation.

10090:Vxn
gene id: 10090:Vxn
uniprot id: Q8BG31
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the vexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for neurogenesis in the neural plate and retina. Strongly cooperates with neural bHLH factors to promote neurogenesis (PubMed:29518376).

10090:Serpinb9d
gene id: 10090:Serpinb9d
uniprot id: Q8BMT0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family. Ov-serpin subfamily.

10090:Dnttip1
gene id: 10090:Dnttip1
uniprot id: Q3THA4
uniprot id: Q99LB0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Increases DNTT terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase activity (in vitro). Also acts as a transcriptional regulator, binding to the consensus sequence 5'-GNTGCATG-3' following an AT-tract. Associates with RAB20 promoter and positively regulates its transcription. Binds DNA and nucleosomes; may recruit HDAC1 complexes to nucleosomes or naked DNA.
messages: Monomer and homodimer (By similarity). A minor proportion may form homotrimers (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF541 (PubMed:18849567). Interacts with the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase DNTT (By similarity). Interacts with TRERF1 (By similarity). Identified in a histone deacetylase complex that contains DNTTIP1, HDAC1 and MIDEAS; this complex assembles into a tetramer that contains four copies of each protein chain (By similarity). Component of a histone deacetylase complex containing DNTTIP1, ZNF541, HDAC1 and HDAC2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal domain mediates interaction with DNA and nucleosomes. It contains a HTH motif that mediates recognition of the consensus sequence.
messages: The N-terminal domain mediates dimerization.

10090:Dstn
gene id: 10090:Dstn
uniprot id: Q4FK36
uniprot id: Q9R0P5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-depolymerizing protein. Severs actin filaments (F-actin) and binds to actin monomers (G-actin). Acts in a pH-independent manner.
messages: Belongs to the actin-binding proteins ADF family.
messages: ISGylated.
messages: In 10.5 dpc embryo somites is expressed in a superficial patch of cells (adaxial region).
messages: Widely expressed. Not found in skeletal muscle.

10090:Erbb2
gene id: 10090:Erbb2
uniprot id: P70424
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated. Autophosphorylation occurs in trans, i.e. one subunit of the dimeric receptor phosphorylates tyrosine residues on the other subunit. Ligand-binding increases phosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Signaling via SEMA4C promotes phosphorylation at Tyr-1249. Dephosphorylated by PTPN12.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. EGF receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Expressed predominantly in uterine epithelial cells. In the muscle, expression localizes to the synaptic sites of muscle fibers.
messages: Homodimer. Heterodimer with EGFR, ERBB3 and ERBB4. Part of a complex with EGFR and either PIK3C2A or PIK3C2B. May interact with PIK3C2B when phosphorylated on Tyr-1197. Interacts with PLXNB1. Interacts (when phosphorylated on Tyr-1249) with MEMO1. Interacts with MUC1. Interacts (when phosphorylated on Tyr-1140) with GRB7 (via SH2 domain). Interacts (when phosphorylated on Tyr-1249) with ERBIN. Interacts with KPNB1, RANBP2, EEA1, CRM1, CLTC, PTK6, RPA194 and ACTB. Interacts (preferentially with the tyrosine phosphorylated form) with CPNE3; this interaction occurs at the cell membrane and is increased in a growth factor heregulin-dependent manner. Interacts with HSP90AA1 and HSP90AB1 in an ATP-dependent manner; the interaction suppresses ERBB2 kinase activity (By similarity). Interacts with SRC (PubMed:7542762). Interacts with MYOC (PubMed:23897819). Interacts with PRKCABP (PubMed:11278603). Interacts with SORL1; this interaction regulates ERBB2 subcellular distribution by promoting its recycling after internalization from endosomes back to the plasma membrane, hence stimulates ERBB2-mediated signaling (By similarity). Interacts with SH3BGRL (By similarity).
messages: In the nucleus is involved in transcriptional regulation. Associates with the 5'-TCAAATTC-3' sequence in the PTGS2/COX-2 promoter and activates its transcription. Implicated in transcriptional activation of CDKN1A; the function involves STAT3 and SRC. Involved in the transcription of rRNA genes by RNA Pol I and enhances protein synthesis and cell growth (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: On days 1-4 of pregnancy, ERBB2 is detected primarily in epithelial cells, the day 1 uterus showing the highest accumulation. On day 5, the epithelium and the decidualizing stromal cells around the implanting blastocyst exhibit accumulation of this receptor. On days 6-8, the expression persists in the epithelium at both the implantation and interimplantation sites in addition to modest levels in the secondary decidual zone. On days 7 and 8, accumulation is also prominent in the trophoblastic giant cells.
messages: Protein tyrosine kinase that is part of several cell surface receptor complexes, but that apparently needs a coreceptor for ligand binding. Essential component of a neuregulin-receptor complex, although neuregulins do not interact with it alone. GP30 is a potential ligand for this receptor. Regulates outgrowth and stabilization of peripheral microtubules (MTs). Upon ERBB2 activation, the MEMO1-RHOA-DIAPH1 signaling pathway elicits the phosphorylation and thus the inhibition of GSK3B at cell membrane. This prevents the phosphorylation of APC and CLASP2, allowing its association with the cell membrane. In turn, membrane-bound APC allows the localization of MACF1 to the cell membrane, which is required for microtubule capture and stabilization (By similarity).
messages: perinuclear region
messages: ruffle membrane

10090:Ugt1a6b
gene id: 10090:Ugt1a6b
uniprot id: K9J7B2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UDP-glycosyltransferase family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Khdrbs3
gene id: 10090:Khdrbs3
uniprot id: Q9R226
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KHDRBS family.
messages: Highly expressed in testis and brain. In adult cerebellum expressed predominantly in internal granular layer interneurons and in hippocampus is exclusively expressed in CA neurons; expression is restricted to neuronal subpopulations largely non-overlapping with expression of KHDRBS2/SLM-1.
messages: In the developing cerebellum expression is decreasing in the first 3 postnatal weeks.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by PTK6.
messages: RNA-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of alternative splicing and influences mRNA splice site selection and exon inclusion. Binds preferentially to the 5'-[AU]UAAA-3' motif in vitro (PubMed:19457263). Binds optimally to RNA containing 5'-[AU]UAA-3' as a bipartite motif spaced by more than 15 nucleotides (By similarity). Binds poly(A). RNA-binding abilities are down-regulated by tyrosine kinase PTK6 (PubMed:15471878). Involved in splice site selection of vascular endothelial growth factor (By similarity). In vitro regulates CD44 alternative splicing by direct binding to purine-rich exonic enhancer (By similarity). Can regulate alternative splicing of neurexins NRXN1-3 in the laminin G-like domain 6 containing the evolutionary conserved neurexin alternative spliced segment 4 (AS4) involved in neurexin selective targeting to postsynaptic partners such as neuroligins and LRRTM family members. High concentrations in forebrain structures block splicing inclusion of NRXN1-3 AS4 exons while low concentrations favor their inclusion. Targeted, cell-type specific splicing regulation of NRXN1 at AS4 is involved in neuronal glutamatergic synapse function and plasticity and is linked to behavioral aspects (PubMed:22196734, PubMed:23637638, PubMed:24469635, PubMed:27174676). Regulates expression of KHDRBS2/SLIM-1 in defined neuron populations in the hippocampus by modifying its alternative splicing resulting in a transcript predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay (PubMed:25505328). Can bind FABP9 mRNA (PubMed:19916944). May play a role as a negative regulator of cell growth. Inhibits cell proliferation.
messages: Self-associates to form homooligomers; dimerization increases RNA affinity (By similarity). Interacts with KHDRBS2/SLM-1 (By similarity). Interacts with KHDRBS1/SAM68; heterooligomer formation of KHDRBS family proteins may modulate RNA substrate specificity (PubMed:10077576). Interacts with the splicing regulatory proteins SFRS9, SAFB and YTHDC1. Interacts with HNRPL, RBMX, RBMY1A1, p85 subunit of PI3-kinase, SERPINB5 (By similarity).
messages: The proline-rich site binds the SH3 domain of the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase.

10090:Unc13c
gene id: 10090:Unc13c
uniprot id: Q8K0T7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the unc-13 family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N- terminal and C-terminal parts.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with STX1A and/or STX1B1, VAMP2 and SNAP25.
messages: May play a role in vesicle maturation during exocytosis as a target of the diacylglycerol second messenger pathway. May be involved in the regulation of synaptic transmission at parallel fiber - Purkinje cell synapses.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice showed no obvious physical or behavioral abnormalities. Some deficiency in motor learning can be observed, compared to wild type, in a motor performance and learning test on a rotating rod, but only at high rotation speed.
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Restricted to cerebellum, predominantly in the granule cell layer. Almost exclusively present in the molecular layer in which the parallel fiber axons of granule cells terminate on dendrites of Purkinje neurons (at protein level).
messages: The C2 domains are not involved in calcium-dependent phospholipid binding.

10090:Olfr1448
gene id: 10090:Olfr1448
uniprot id: Q8VFX1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Crocc2
gene id: 10090:Crocc2
uniprot id: F6XLV1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the rootletin family.

10090:Tnpo1
gene id: 10090:Tnpo1
uniprot id: Q8BFY9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the importin beta family. Importin beta-2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor. Serves as receptor for nuclear localization signals (NLS) in cargo substrates (PubMed:11493596). May mediate docking of the importin/substrate complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) through binding to nucleoporin and the complex is subsequently translocated through the pore by an energy requiring, Ran-dependent mechanism. At the nucleoplasmic side of the NPC, Ran binds to the importin, the importin/substrate complex dissociates and importin is re-exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where GTP hydrolysis releases Ran. The directionality of nuclear import is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus (By similarity). Involved in nuclear import of M9-containing proteins. In vitro, binds directly to the M9 region of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP), A1 and A2 and mediates their nuclear import. Involved in hnRNP A1/A2 nuclear export. Mediates the nuclear import of ribosomal proteins RPL23A, RPS7 and RPL5 (By similarity). In vitro, mediates nuclear import of SRP19 (By similarity). Mediates the import of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 (PubMed:11493596). Mediates nuclear import of ADAR/ADAR1 in a RanGTP-dependent manner (By similarity).
messages: Identified in a complex that contains TNPO1, RAN and RANBP1 (By similarity). Binds HNRPA1, HNRPA2, HNRNPDL, RPS7, RPL5 and RAN. Interacts with H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 histones (PubMed:11493596). Interacts with isoform 1 and isoform 5 of ADAR/ADAR1 (via DRBM 3 domain). Interacts with SNAI1 (via zinc fingers); the interaction mediates SNAI1 nuclear import. Interacts with SNAI2 (via zinc fingers) (By similarity). Interacts with RPL23A (via BIB domain) and SRP19; this interaction is involved in RPL23A and SRP19 import into the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr1348
gene id: 10090:Olfr1348
uniprot id: Q8VGH3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gask1a
gene id: 10090:Gask1a
uniprot id: Q3UY90
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GASK family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in tracheal serous gland, heart, muscle, fat, lung, ovary, liver, kidney, adrenal gland and brain (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Proteolytically cleaved. Cleaved at Arg-112 and Arg-424 leading to a processed mature product of 35 kDa. The cleavage takes place in the Golgi apparatus.
messages: Secreted
messages: caveola

10090:Dph6
gene id: 10090:Dph6
uniprot id: Q9CQ28
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Amidase that catalyzes the last step of diphthamide biosynthesis using ammonium and ATP. Diphthamide biosynthesis consists in the conversion of an L-histidine residue in the translation elongation factor 2 (EEF2) to diphthamide (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the Diphthine--ammonia ligase family.

10090:Gfap
gene id: 10090:Gfap
uniprot id: P03995
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Brain; isoform 2 expressed at 20-fold lower level than isoform 1.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.
messages: Interacts with PSEN1 (via N-terminus).
messages: Interacts with SYNM.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKN1.

10090:Shisa4
gene id: 10090:Shisa4
uniprot id: Q8CA71
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the shisa family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Nupr1l
gene id: 10090:Nupr1l
uniprot id: Q497P3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor by inhibiting gene expression at the NUPR1 promoter in a p53/TP53-dependent manner in cancer cells. Involved in the G1 cell cycle arrest, and in a decrease in cell viability and cell proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Plays a role as a negative regulator of the protumoral factor NUPR1.
messages: Belongs to the NUPR family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Galm
gene id: 10090:Galm
uniprot id: Q8K157
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the aldose epimerase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer.
messages: Mutarotase that catalyzes the interconversion of beta-D-galactose and alpha-D-galactose during galactose metabolism. Beta-D-galactose is metabolized in the liver into glucose 1-phosphate, the primary metabolic fuel, by the action of four enzymes that constitute the Leloir pathway: GALM, GALK1 (galactokinase), GALT (galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase) and GALE (UDP-galactose-4'-epimerase). Involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium between the beta- and alpha-anomers of galactose, therefore ensuring a sufficient supply of the alpha-anomer for GALK1. Also active on D-glucose although shows a preference for galactose over glucose.

10090:Ccn4
gene id: 10090:Ccn4
uniprot id: O54775
uniprot id: Q3UFJ5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CCN family.
messages: Downstream regulator in the Wnt/Frizzled-signaling pathway (By similarity). Associated with cell survival. Adheres to skin and melanoma fibroblasts (By similarity). In vitro binding to skin fibroblasts occurs through the proteoglycans, decorin and biglycan (By similarity). Suppresses tumor growth in vivo.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney and lung. Lower levels in heart, brain, spleen, liver, skeletal muscle and testis. Expressed in low metastatic melanoma cells.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Defb33
gene id: 10090:Defb33
uniprot id: Q30KN3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antibacterial activity.
messages: Secreted

10090:Armh3
gene id: 10090:Armh3
uniprot id: Q6PD19
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ARMH3 family.
messages: Contaminating sequence. Sequence of unknown origin in the N-terminal part.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Interacts with PI4KB. Interacts with GBF1.
messages: Involved in GBF1 recruitment, Golgi maintenance and protein secretion.

10090:Btbd35f23
gene id: 10090:Btbd35f23
uniprot id: Q99N64
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CUL3.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Possible function in spermatogenesis. Probable substrate-specific adapter of an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.

10090:Olfr322
gene id: 10090:Olfr322
uniprot id: Q5NCC8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ilf2
gene id: 10090:Ilf2
uniprot id: Q9CXY6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromatin-interacting protein that forms a stable heterodimer with interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3/ILF3 and plays a role in several biological processes including transcription, innate immunity or cell growth (PubMed:10574923). Essential for the efficient reshuttling of ILF3 (isoform 1 and isoform 2) into the nucleus. Together with ILF3, forms an RNA-binding complex that is required for mitotic progression and cytokinesis by regulating the expression of a cluster of mitotic genes. Mechanistically, competes with STAU1/STAU2-mediated mRNA decay. Also plays a role in the inhibition of various viruses including Japanese encephalitis virus or enterovirus 71 (By similarity) (PubMed:10574923).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain, kidney and ovary; highly expressed in testis, particularly within pachytene cells.
messages: Expression in testis begins with developmental differentiation of pachytene spermatocytes.
messages: Forms heterodimers with ILF3. ILF2-ILF3 heterodimers may also bind to PRKDC/XRCC7: this may stabilize the interaction of PRKDC/XRCC7 and the heterodimeric complex of G22P1/KU70 and XRCC5/KU80. Forms a complex with ILF3, YLPM1, KHDRBS1, RBMX, NCOA5 and PPP1CA. Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with CRBN; this interaction promotes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of ILF2.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-45 by CRBN with polyubiquitin chains by the CUL4-RING E3 ligase (CRL4-CRBN) and then degraded by the proteasome.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Lep
gene id: 10090:Lep
uniprot id: P41160
uniprot id: Q544U0
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the leptin family.
messages: Defects in Lep are the cause of profound obesity and type II diabetes.
messages: Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways (PubMed:15899045, PubMed:16825198, PubMed:11373681, PubMed:12594516, PubMed:20620997). In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal metabolism, influences reproductive function, regulates pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin secretion, is pro-angiogenic for endothelial cell and affects innate and adaptive immunity (By similarity) (PubMed:8589726, PubMed:10660043, PubMed:25383904, PubMed:25060689, PubMed:9732873, PubMed:12594516). In the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, activates by depolarization POMC neurons inducing FOS and SOCS3 expression to release anorexigenic peptides and inhibits by hyperpolarization NPY neurons inducing SOCS3 with a consequent reduction on release of orexigenic peptides (By similarity) (PubMed:20620997, PubMed:11373681). In addition to its known satiety inducing effect, has a modulatory role in nutrient absorption. In the intestine, reduces glucose absorption by enterocytes by activating PKC and leading to a sequential activation of p38, PI3K and ERK signaling pathways which exerts an inhibitory effect on glucose absorption. Acts as a growth factor on certain tissues, through the activation of different signaling pathways increases expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation such as CCND1, via JAK2-STAT3 pathway, or VEGFA, via MAPK1/3 and PI3K-AKT1 pathways (By similarity) (PubMed:16825198, PubMed:20620997). May also play an apoptotic role via JAK2-STAT3 pathway and up-regulation of BIRC5 expressi…
messages: Key player in the regulation of energy balance and body weight control. Once released into the circulation, has central and peripheral effects by binding LEPR, found in many tissues, which results in the activation of several major signaling pathways. In the hypothalamus, acts as an appetite-regulating factor that induces a decrease in food intake and an increase in energy consumption by inducing anorexinogenic factors and suppressing orexigenic neuropeptides, also regulates bone mass and secretion of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal hormones. In the periphery, increases basal metabolism, influences reproductive function, regulates pancreatic beta-cell function and insulin secretion, is pro-angiogenic for endothelial cell and affects innate and adaptive immunity. In the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus, activates by depolarization POMC neurons inducing FOS and SOCS3 expression to release anorexigenic peptides and inhibits by hyperpolarization NPY neurons inducing SOCS3 with a consequent reduction on release of orexigenic peptides. In addition to its known satiety inducing effect, has a modulatory role in nutrient absorption. In the intestine, reduces glucose absorption by enterocytes by activating PKC and leading to a sequential activation of p38, PI3K and ERK signaling pathways which exerts an inhibitory effect on glucose absorption. Acts as a growth factor on certain tissues, through the activation of different signaling pathways increases expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation such as CCND1, via JAK2-STAT3 pathway, or VEGFA, via MAPK1/3 and PI3K-AKT1 pathways. May also play an apoptotic role via JAK2-STAT3 pathway and up-regulation of BIRC5 expression. Pro-angiogenic, has mitogenic activity on vascular endothelial cells and plays a role in matrix remodeling by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In innate immunity, modulates the activity and function of neutrophils by in…
messages: Mutants are severely obese and sterile (PubMed:8589726). Animals have an increased bone formation leading to high bone mass (PubMed:10660043). Have impaired T-cell immunity, Th2 responses are favoured in mutants (PubMed:9732873). CD4(+)CD25(-) T-cells of mutant mice show high levels of autophagy (PubMed:25060689).
messages: Secreted

10090:Hnrnpab
gene id: 10090:Hnrnpab
uniprot id: Q20BD0
uniprot id: Q544Z3
uniprot id: Q99020
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with APOBEC1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor. Binds to CArG box motifs, single-stranded and double-stranded DNA, and RNA. It may be that repression by CBF-A is a result of competitive binding of CBF, a putative positive factor, and CBF-A to the same or overlapping motifs around the CArG boxes.
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Cldn2
gene id: 10090:Cldn2
uniprot id: O88552
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Both female and male Cldn2-knockout mice are similarly hypercalciuric compared to wild-type littermates. Cldn2-null mice are hypercalciuric due to a primary defect in renal tubule calcium transport and develop papillary nephrocalcinosis. Cldn2-null mice are also found to have increased net intestinal calcium absorption, but reduced paracellular calcium permeability in the colon, suggesting reduced intestinal calcium secretion.
messages: By CDX1 and CDX2. Induction by CDX2, but not CDX1, is potentiated by TCF1.
messages: Can form homo- and heteropolymers with other CLDN. Homopolymers interact with CLDN3, but not CLDN1, homopolymers. Directly interacts with TJP1/ZO-1, TJP2/ZO-2 and TJP3/ZO-3.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the kidney, liver and intestine, with higher levels in the ileum than in the jejunum. Low levels in the brain.
messages: Plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity.
messages: The disulfide bond is necessary for pore formation, but is not required for correct protein trafficking.
messages: tight junction

10090:Plgrkt
gene id: 10090:Plgrkt
uniprot id: Q9D3P8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in monocytes; detected in differentiated monocytes but not in progenitor cells. Expressed in adrenal medulla and hippocampus.
messages: Interacts with PLAT. Interacts with PLAUR (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for plasminogen. Regulates urokinase plasminogen activator-dependent and stimulates tissue-type plasminogen activator-dependent cell surface plasminogen activation. Proposed to be part of a local catecholaminergic cell plasminogen activation system that regulates neuroendocrine prohormone processing. Involved in regulation of inflammatory response; regulates monocyte chemotactic migration and matrix metalloproteinase activation, such as of MMP2 and MMP9.

10090:Vps51
gene id: 10090:Vps51
uniprot id: Q3UVL4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as component of the GARP complex that is involved in retrograde transport from early and late endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN). The GARP complex is required for the maintenance of protein retrieval from endosomes to the TGN, acid hydrolase sorting, lysosome function, endosomal cholesterol traffic and autophagy. VPS51 participates in retrograde transport of acid hydrolase receptors, likely by promoting tethering and SNARE-dependent fusion of endosome-derived carriers to the TGN. Acts as component of the EARP complex that is involved in endocytic recycling. The EARP complex associates with Rab4-positive endosomes and promotes recycling of internalized transferrin receptor (TFRC) to the plasma membrane.
messages: Belongs to the VPS51 family.
messages: Component of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex, also called VFT (VPS fifty-three) complex, composed of VPS51, VPS52, VPS53 and VPS54 (By similarity). Component of the endosome-associated retrograde protein (EARP) complex, composed of VPS51, VPS52, VPS53 and VPS50/Syndetin (By similarity). EIPR1 interacts with both EARP and GARP complexes and mediates the recruitment of the GARP complex to the trans-Golgi network (By similarity). Interacts with STX6 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:30962439). Interacts with VPS50 and VPS54 in an EIPR1-independent manner (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Ppp1r2
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r2
uniprot id: Q9DCL8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 family.
messages: Heterodimer with PP1.
messages: Inhibitor of protein-phosphatase 1.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-45 by ATM activates PP1 by dissociating the PP1-PPP1R2 complex. Phosphorylation on Thr-74 by GSK3 activates PP1 by dissociating the PP1-PPP1R2 complex.

10090:Phlda2
gene id: 10090:Phlda2
uniprot id: O08969
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PHLDA2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in the very early conceptus limited to polar trophectoderm. Strongly expressed in the ectoplacental cone shortly after implantation at 5.5 dpc, and the high expression remains restricted to the extraembryonic tissues at later stages. By 10.5 dpc expression is restricted to the labyrinthine trophoblast and the endodermal component of the visceral yolk sac. Between 12.5 and 14.4 dpc expression in placenta decreases, due to a number of expressing cells. On day 12 of gestation, the abundant expressing cells are trophoblast at the chorionic plate, and clustered type II trophoblast deeper in the labyrinth. Less expressed by terminally differentiated trophoblast. As early as 14.5 dpc, becomes confined to a monolayer of cells at the chorionic plate and to rare cells in septa that protrude into the labyrinth (at protein level).
messages: Maternal Phlda2 allele is activated, while paternal Phlda2 is repressed due to genomic imprinting.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable, and show overgrowth of placentas with expansion of the spongiotrophoblast. These larger placentas do not confer a fetal growth advantage.
messages: Plays a role in regulating placenta growth. May act via its PH domain that competes with other PH domain-containing proteins, thereby preventing their binding to membrane lipids.
messages: Specifically expressed at high levels in extraembryonic tissues in the developing conceptus (at protein level). Expressed in placenta and yolc sac. Expressed at low levels in fetal liver and kidney.
messages: The PH domain binds phosphoinositides with a broad specificity. It may compete with the PH domain of some other proteins, thereby interfering with their binding to phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) (By similarity).
messages: The Phlda2 locus is imprinted. Loss of imprinting results in overexpression, leading to placental growth retardation phenotypes.

10090:Hoxb1
gene id: 10090:Hoxb1
uniprot id: P17919
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. Labial subfamily.
messages: Expressed along the entire length of the primitive streak. In early neurogenesis it is expressed in lateral and paraxial mesoderm, endoderm and superficial ectoderm or in the neural tube. From late neurogenesis to mid-embryogenesis, it presents similar spatial domains in the lateral mesoderm, endoderm and superficial ectoderm but is not detectable in the posterior hindbrain and has increased dramatically in rhombomere 4.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor which is part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis. Acts on the anterior body structures.

10090:Brd4
gene id: 10090:Brd4
uniprot id: Q9ESU6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds acetylated histone H4. Interacts with p53/TP53; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (via CTD region) with CDK9 and CCNT1, acting as an associated component of P-TEFb complex (PubMed:16109376). Interacts with RELA (when acetylated at 'Lys-310'). Interacts (via NET domain) with NSD3, CHD4, BICRA and ATAD5. The interaction with BICRA bridges BRD4 to the GBAF complex. Interacts (via NET domain) with JMJD6 (via JmjC and N-terminal domains); the interaction is stronger in presence of ssRNA and recruits JMJD6 on distal enhancers. Interacts with NSD3 (By similarity).
messages: Chromatin reader protein that recognizes and binds acetylated histones and plays a key role in transmission of epigenetic memory across cell divisions and transcription regulation. Remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and provides epigenetic memory for postmitotic G1 gene transcription by preserving acetylated chromatin status and maintaining high-order chromatin structure (PubMed:10938129). During interphase, plays a key role in regulating the transcription of signal-inducible genes by associating with the P-TEFb complex and recruiting it to promoters. Also recruits P-TEFb complex to distal enhancers, so called anti-pause enhancers in collaboration with JMJD6. BRD4 and JMJD6 are required to form the transcriptionally active P-TEFb complex by displacing negative regulators such as HEXIM1 and 7SKsnRNA complex from P-TEFb, thereby transforming it into an active form that can then phosphorylate the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (By similarity). Promotes phosphorylation of 'Ser-2' of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (PubMed:16109376). According to a report, directly acts as an atypical protein kinase and mediates phosphorylation of 'Ser-2' of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II; these data however need additional evidences in vivo. In addition to acetylated histones, also recognizes and binds acetylated RELA, leading to further recruitment of the P-TEFb complex and subsequent activation of NF-kappa-B. Also acts as a regulator of p53/TP53-mediated transcription: following phosphorylation by CK2, recruited to p53/TP53 specific target promoters (By similarity).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Embryonic lethal. Embryos ndie shortly after implantation and are compromised in their ability to maintain an inner cell mass.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by CK2 disrupt the intramolecular binding between the bromo domain 2 and the NPS region and promotes binding between the NPS and the BID regions, leading to activate the protein and promote binding to acetylated histones. In absence of phosphorylation, BRD4 does not localize to p53/TP53 target gene promoters, phosphorylation promoting recruitment to p53/TP53 target promoters.
messages: Some specific inhibitors of Brd4 that prevent binding to acetylated histones by binding Asn-140 and Asn-434 are promising therapeutic molecules for the treatment of leukemias. JQ1, a thieno-triazolo-1,4-diazepine derivative, and I-BET, a benzodiazepine derivative, have been tested on tumors with success. Treatment with GSK1210151A (I-BET151, a I-BET derivative) has strong effets on mixed lineage leukemia and promotes myeloid differentiation and leukemia stem-cell depletion (PubMed:21814200, PubMed:21964340).
messages: The 2 bromo domains mediate specific binding to acetylated histones via Asn-140 and Asn-434, respectively (PubMed:19828451). The exact combination of modified histone tails required to recruit BRD4 to target genes is still unclear. The first bromo domain has high affinity for acetylated histone H4 tail, whereas the second bromo domain recognizes multiply acetylated marks in histone H3. A number of specific inhibitors bind competitively to acetyl-lysine-binding residues Asn-140 and Asn-434, promoting removal from acetylated histones. Many of these inhibitors are benzodiazepine derivatives.
messages: The C-terminal (CTD) region mediates interaction and recruitment of CDK9 and CCNT1 subunits of the P-TEFb complex. It is also required for maintenance of higher-order chromatin structure.
messages: The NET domain mediates interaction with a number of chromatin proteins involved in transcription regulation (NSD3, JMJD6, CHD4, GLTSCR1 and ATAD5).

10090:Serpina3j
gene id: 10090:Serpina3j
uniprot id: D3Z451
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.

10090:Cfap58
gene id: 10090:Cfap58
uniprot id: B2RW38
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CFAP58 family.
messages: Has an essential role in the assembly and organization of the sperm flagellar axoneme (PubMed:32791035). Required for the elongation of the primary cilium and sperm flagellar midpiece via modulation of the Notch signaling pathway (PubMed:31904090).
messages: Interacts with ODFP2.
messages: Male mice are infertile with severely decreased sperm motility and abnormal sperm flagellar morphology.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the testis (PubMed:32791035, PubMed:31904090). Also found at lower levels in ciliated cells and tissues such as neural progenitor cells and oviducts (PubMed:31904090).
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: flagellum

10090:Ms4a4d
gene id: 10090:Ms4a4d
uniprot id: Q99N05
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.
messages: Expressed in thymus, spleen, peripheral lymph node, liver, kidney, heart, colon, lung, and testes.
messages: May be involved in signal transduction as a component of a multimeric receptor complex.
messages: Membrane

10090:Amot
gene id: 10090:Amot
uniprot id: Q8VHG2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: 'Motus' means 'motility' in Latin.
messages: Belongs to the angiomotin family.
messages: Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, PALS1, PATJ and PARD3/PAR3. Interacts with MAGI1 and angiostatin (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in brain, skeletal muscle and placenta.
messages: Plays a central role in tight junction maintenance via the complex formed with ARHGAP17, which acts by regulating the uptake of polarity proteins at tight junctions. Appears to regulate endothelial cell migration and tube formation. May also play a role in the assembly of endothelial cell-cell junctions (By similarity).
messages: Polyubiquitinated by NEDD4, NEDD4L and ITCH, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: The angiostatin binding domain (850-1047) allows the binding to angiostatin.
messages: The coiled coil domain interacts directly with the BAR domain of ARHGAP17.
messages: tight junction

10090:Hcn3
gene id: 10090:Hcn3
uniprot id: B2RRB5
uniprot id: O88705
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel HCN family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in hypothalamus, amygdala, olfactory bulb, hippocampus and retina (at protein level). Highly expressed in brain and heart, in particular in ventricle, atrium and in sinoatrial node (SAN). Detected at low levels in skeletal muscle and lung.
messages: Homotetramer. The potassium channel is probably composed of a homo- or heterotetrameric complex of pore-forming subunits (By similarity). Interacts with KCTD3 and PEX5L (PubMed:23382386).
messages: Hyperpolarization-activated potassium channel. May also facilitate the permeation of sodium ions.
messages: Inhibited by Cs(1+) and ivabradine. Is apparently not activated by cAMP or cGMP.
messages: Membrane
messages: The segment S4 is probably the voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

10090:Tssk4
gene id: 10090:Tssk4
uniprot id: Q9D411
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation on Thr-197.
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation on Thr-197. ODF2 potentiates the autophosphorylation activity of TSSK4 at Thr-197.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Catalytically inactive.
messages: Detected throughout spermiogenesis, in round spermatids, elongated spermatids, and mature spermatozoa (PubMed:23054012, PubMed:20729278, PubMed:26940607). Detected at low levels on postnatal day 14, with significantly increased expression on postnatal day 16. Expression levels are unchanged after postnatal day 16 (PubMed:17927909, PubMed:20729278).
messages: Expressed in spermatocytes and mature sperm (at protein level) (PubMed:20729278, PubMed:23054012, PubMed:25361759, PubMed:26940607). Highly expressed in the spleen, heart and testis (PubMed:17927909, PubMed:20729278, PubMed:23054012). Isoform 2, isoform 3, and isoform 4: Expressed at highest level in testis and heart and at low levels in the liver, spleen, kidney, brain and thymus (PubMed:17927909).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17927909, PubMed:23054012). Interacts with HSP90; this interaction stabilizes and activates TSSK4 (PubMed:23599433). Interacts with ODF2 (via C-terminus); this interaction promotes ODF2 phosphorylation on 'Ser-95' (PubMed:25361759, PubMed:26961893). May interact with CREM (PubMed:26940607). Interacts with CREB1; this interaction facilitates CREB1 phosphorylation on 'Ser-133' (By similarity). Interacts with QRICH2 (By similarity).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Male mice are subfertile due to reduced sperm motility. The reduced motility is due to morphological defects in the sperm flagellum at the midpiece-principal piece junction caused by the disordered arrangement of doublet microtubules and outer dense fibers.
messages: Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) were both present in the kinase buffer but Mg(2+) is likely to be the in vivo cofactor.
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which is involved in male germ cell development and in mature sperm function (PubMed:17927909, PubMed:23599433, PubMed:23054012, PubMed:25361759, PubMed:26940607). May be involved in the Cre/Creb signaling pathway (PubMed:26940607). Phosphorylates CREB1 on 'Ser-133' in vitro and can stimulate Cre/Creb pathway in cells (By similarity). Phosphorylates CREM on 'Ser-116' in vitro (PubMed:26940607). Phosphorylates ODF2 on 'Ser-95' (PubMed:26961893).
messages: Ubiquitinated; HSP90 activity negatively regulates ubiquitination and degradation.
messages: acrosome
messages: flagellum

10090:Nr1h5
gene id: 10090:Nr1h5
uniprot id: A0A0G2JEJ9
uniprot id: A0A0G2JG67
uniprot id: E9Q5A6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ndufa6
gene id: 10090:Ndufa6
uniprot id: Q9CQZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (Complex I), that is believed to be not involved in catalysis. Required for proper complex I assembly. Complex I functions in the transfer of electrons from NADH to the respiratory chain. The immediate electron acceptor for the enzyme is believed to be ubiquinone.
messages: Belongs to the complex I LYR family.
messages: Mammalian complex I is composed of 45 different subunits.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Eya1
gene id: 10090:Eya1
uniprot id: F6YST4
uniprot id: P97767
uniprot id: Q6PAJ8
uniprot id: Q8C9D0
names: Cofactor
names: Disease Annotation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A spontaneous mutation leading to decreased Eya1 expression gives rise to the Eya1-bor phenotype. It is characterized by circling behavior and deafness, due to gross morphological abnormalities of the inner ear, and dysmorphic or missing kidneys. This autosomal recessive trait resembles human branchio-oto-renal (BOR) syndrome.
messages: Belongs to the HAD-like hydrolase superfamily. EYA family.
messages: Binds 1 Mg(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Complete perinatal lethality in homozygotes, due to severe craniofacial and skeletal defects, combined with an absence of thymus, kidneys, parotid glands and ears. Mice present multiple skeletal defects in skull, neck, rib and pelvic girdle, but no major defects in muscle development. Otic anomalies involve the inner, middle and outer ears, with malformed auricles and eardrums, malformations of the incus, malleus, and stapes, while the tympanic cavity never formed. Likewise, mice display an absence of inner ear structures. Heterozygotes present milder symptoms with low penetrance, including renal defects, similar to human BOR (branchio-oto-renal) syndrome. Increased apoptosis and loss of renal tubules seen in the developing kidney with increased immunostaining for 'Ser-139' phosphorylated H2AX. Mice lacking both Six1 and Eya1 show defects in kidney development, complete absence of hypaxial muscle, severe reduction in epaxial muscle and a 5-10-fold by volume smaller pituarity than the wild-type gland. Mice lacking both Eya1 and Eya2 display complete embryonic lethality, due to severe defects in muscle development, including the absence of a diaphragm and of ventral hypaxial muscles of the trunk and the complete absence of muscles in forelimbs and hindlimbs, similar to the phenotype of mice lacking both Six1 and Six4. While Six1 is normally expressed in these mice, it does not active transcription from cognate promoter elements, and does not activate transcription of Pax3.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Extensively expressed in cranial placodes, branchial arches, CNS and developing eye and nose.
messages: Functions both as protein phosphatase and as transcriptional coactivator for SIX1, and probably also for SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5 (PubMed:10490620). Tyrosine phosphatase that dephosphorylates 'Tyr-142' of histone H2AX (H2AXY142ph) and promotes efficient DNA repair via the recruitment of DNA repair complexes containing MDC1. 'Tyr-142' phosphorylation of histone H2AX plays a central role in DNA repair and acts as a mark that distinguishes between apoptotic and repair responses to genotoxic stress (PubMed:19234442). Its function as histone phosphatase may contribute to its function in transcription regulation during organogenesis (PubMed:14628042). Has also phosphatase activity with proteins phosphorylated on Ser and Thr residues (in vitro). Required for normal embryonic development of the craniofacial and trunk skeleton, kidneys and ears (PubMed:10471511). Together with SIX1, it plays an important role in hypaxial muscle development; in this it is functionally redundant with EYA2 (PubMed:17098221).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probably interacts with SIX2, SIX4 and SIX5. Interacts with H2AX in response to DNA damage. Interacts with SIX3; promotes EYA1 translocation to the nucleus.
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.

10090:Fam193b
gene id: 10090:Fam193b
uniprot id: A0A286YE27
uniprot id: Q3U2K0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM193 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Pdrg1
gene id: 10090:Pdrg1
uniprot id: P59048
uniprot id: Q3UKN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the prefoldin subunit beta family.
messages: Component of the PAQosome complex which is responsible for the biogenesis of several protein complexes and which consists of R2TP complex members RUVBL1, RUVBL2, RPAP3 and PIH1D1, URI complex members PFDN2, PFDN6, PDRG1, UXT and URI1 as well as ASDURF, POLR2E and DNAAF10/WDR92.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in chaperone-mediated protein folding.

10090:Fra10ac1
gene id: 10090:Fra10ac1
uniprot id: Q8BP78
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bola3
gene id: 10090:Bola3
uniprot id: Q14A77
uniprot id: Q8CEI1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly factor that facilitates (Fe-S) cluster insertion into a subset of mitochondrial proteins. Probably acts together with NFU1.
messages: Belongs to the BolA/IbaG family.
messages: Interacts with NFU1.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Nrn1
gene id: 10090:Nrn1
uniprot id: A0A286YD56
uniprot id: Q8CFV4
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neuritin family.
messages: By synaptic activity through NMDA receptors and L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels. By cAMP in active neurons.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the outer core of AMPAR complex. AMPAR complex consists of an inner core made of 4 pore-forming GluA/GRIA proteins (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3 and GRIA4) and 4 major auxiliary subunits arranged in a twofold symmetry. One of the two pairs of distinct binding sites is occupied either by CNIH2, CNIH3 or CACNG2, CACNG3. The other harbors CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG8 or GSG1L. This inner core of AMPAR complex is complemented by outer core constituents binding directly to the GluA/GRIA proteins at sites distinct from the interaction sites of the inner core constituents. Outer core constituents include at least PRRT1, PRRT2, CKAMP44/SHISA9, FRRS1L and NRN1. The proteins of the inner and outer core serve as a platform for other, more peripherally associated AMPAR constituents. Alone or in combination, these auxiliary subunits control the gating and pharmacology of the AMPAR complex and profoundly impact their biogenesis and protein processing.
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: Promotes neurite outgrowth and especially branching of neuritic processes in primary hippocampal and cortical cells.
messages: Synapse

10090:Gm21184
gene id: 10090:Gm21184
uniprot id: Q5FWD5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Wee2
gene id: 10090:Wee2
uniprot id: Q66JT0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WEE1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected only in the oocytes at all developmental stages of the follicle including primary, secondary, preantral, and antral follicles with an increase in signal during development. Readily detectable at the mature oocyte, but disappears at 2.5 dpc. Detected in germinal vesicle (GV) and metaphase II-stage oocyte (at protein level).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Oocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates and inhibits CDK1 and acts as a key regulator of meiosis during both prophase I and metaphase II. Required to maintain meiotic arrest in oocytes during the germinal vesicle (GV) stage, a long period of quiescence at dictyate prophase I, by phosphorylating CDK1 at 'Tyr-15', leading to inhibit CDK1 activity and prevent meiotic reentry. Also required for metaphase II exit during egg activation by phosphorylating CDK1 at 'Tyr-15', to ensure exit from meiosis in oocytes and promote pronuclear formation.
messages: Ovary-specific.
messages: Phosphorylated by PKA at Ser-15 in vitro, leading to activate kinase activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-15 by CaMK2, leading to increase its activity and promote metaphase II exit during egg activation.

10090:Hectd2
gene id: 10090:Hectd2
uniprot id: Q8CDU6
names: Function
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates.

10090:Fam117a
gene id: 10090:Fam117a
uniprot id: Q7TNF9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM117 family.

10090:Rgs17
gene id: 10090:Rgs17
uniprot id: Q9QZB0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:15827571, PubMed:16900103). Highly expressed in the hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray matter, and pons-medulla. Lower levels in the thalamus, cortex and spinal cord. Weak expression in the striatum and cerebellum.
messages: Interacts with GNAI1 and GNAQ (By similarity). Interacts with GNAZ and GNAI2 (PubMed:15827571, PubMed:16900103). Interacts with OPRM1 (PubMed:15827571). Forms a complex with mu-opioid receptors and G(alpha)z/i2 subunits, including GNAZ and GNAI2; the formation of this complex results in mu-opioid receptor desensitization (PubMed:15827571). Interacts with HINT1 (PubMed:31088288).
messages: Membrane
messages: N- and O-glycosylated in synapsomal membranes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades, including signaling via muscarinic acetylcholine receptor CHRM2 and dopamine receptor DRD2 (By similarity). Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. Binds selectively to GNAZ and GNAI2 subunits, accelerates their GTPase activity and regulates their signaling activities. Negatively regulates mu-opioid receptor-mediated activation of the G-proteins.
messages: Serine phosphorylated in synapsomal membranes.
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1 and SUM02 in synaptosomes. The sumoylated forms act as a scaffold for sequestering mu-opioid receptor-activated G(alpha) subunits (PubMed:16900103). Desumoylated by HINT1 (PubMed:31088288).
messages: synaptosome

10090:Etfbkmt
gene id: 10090:Etfbkmt
uniprot id: Q80ZM3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. ETFBKMT family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with HSPD1; this protein may possibly be a methylation substrate.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase that selectively trimethylates the flavoprotein ETFB in mitochondria. Thereby, may negatively regulate the function of ETFB in electron transfer from Acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.

10090:Olfr410
gene id: 10090:Olfr410
uniprot id: Q8VFX7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc6a9
gene id: 10090:Slc6a9
uniprot id: P28571
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A9 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the brain (at protein level) (PubMed:27773429). At 11 dpc, expressed in the ventral part of the ventricular zone. At 15 dpc, also expressed in adjacent mantle tissue and the meninges. Strongly expressed in 12 dpc and 15 dpc liver.
messages: Expressed in the brain.
messages: Expression is present at low levels as early as 9 dpc and 10 dpc, but strongly increases at 13 dpc and remains at high levels up to 15 dpc. Also expressed in adult.
messages: Interacts with EXOC1; interaction increases the transporter capacity of SLC6A9 probably by promoting its insertion into the cell membrane (By similarity). Interacts with EXOC3 and EXOC4 (By similarity).
messages: Mice show severe motor and respiration deficits at birth and die during the first postnatal day (PubMed:14622582). Accumulation of glycine in the synaptic cleft results in over-activation of postsynaptic glycine receptors and death of the newborn animals due to respiratory and feeding problem (PubMed:14622582).
messages: Produced by alternative promoter usage.
messages: Produced by alternative splicing of isoform GlyT-1C.
messages: Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter which is essential for regulating glycine concentrations at inhibitory glycinergic synapses.
messages: Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter.

10090:Trex1
gene id: 10090:Trex1
uniprot id: Q91XB0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the exonuclease superfamily. TREX family.
messages: Binds 2 Mg(2+) per subunit. The second magnesium ion interacts with only one residue. Substitution with Mn(2+) results in partial activity.
messages: Calcium, lithium and sodium inhibit the exonuclease activity but not the DNA binding.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:17293595, PubMed:17355961, PubMed:22071149). Interacts (via proline-rich region) with TCERG1/CA150 (via the second WW domain) (PubMed:17355961). Component of the SET complex, composed of at least ANP32A, APEX1, HMGB2, NME1, SET and TREX1 (By similarity). Within this complex, directly interacts with SET; this interaction does not result in TREX1 inhibition (By similarity). Also interacts with NME1, but only following translocation to the nucleus (By similarity). Directly interacts with UBQLN1 (via ubiquitin-like domain); the interaction may control TREX1 subcellular location (By similarity).
messages: Induced by cytosolic DNA. Induced by inflammatory stimuli in a cell-specific fashion. Up-regulated by IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma in B-cells and by LPS and viral and bacterial DNA (via Toll-like receptor signaling) in dendritic cells and macrophages.
messages: Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini (PubMed:10391904, PubMed:11279105, PubMed:15254239, PubMed:17293595, PubMed:17355961, PubMed:18780819). Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity (PubMed:18724932, PubMed:24218451). Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements (PubMed:18724932). Plays a key role in degradation of DNA fragments at cytosolic micronuclei arising from genome instability: its association with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane directs TREX1 to ruptured micronuclei, leading to micronuclear DNA degradation (By similarity). Micronuclear DNA degradation is required to limit CGAS activation and subsequent inflammation (By similarity). Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling, leading to the production of type I interferon (PubMed:18724932). Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates (PubMed:18045533). Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light (PubMed:23993650). During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1 (By similarity). NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair (By similarity).
messages: Mutant animals exhibit a dramatically reduced survival after weaning, with 50% of survival at 9 weeks (PubMed:18724932) or 17 weeks (PubMed:15254239). In 6-8 week old animals, multiple organs show extensive inflammation. The most severe diffuse lymphocytic infiltration occurs in the heart, followed by the lung, the liver, the smooth muscle of the uterus and the salivary gland with periductal infiltration. Other tissues exhibit only minimal to mild lymphocytic infiltration (PubMed:24218451). The heart phenotype includes inflammatory myocarditis leading to progressive, often dilated, cardiomyopathy and circulatory failure. Enlargement of the spleen and lymph nodes is observed in less than 10% of old mice (over 1 year of age) (PubMed:15254239). Mutant animals have a reduced 3'-exonuclease activity. They accumulate ssDNA from endogenous retroelements and produce high levels of autoantibodies. Do not show an increase in spontaneous mutation frequency or cancer incidence. Double knockout of TREX1 and either IRF3, IFNAR1 or RAG2 fully rescues the TREX1 single knockout phenotype (PubMed:18724932).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitinated, but not targeted to proteasomal degradation. Ubiquitination may be important for interaction with UBQLN1 (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed with high expression levels detected in spleen, thymus and uterus.
messages: cytosol

10090:Mup18
gene id: 10090:Mup18
uniprot id: A2BIM8
uniprot id: P04938
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind pheromones, and thus stabilize them to allow slow release into the air from urine marks. May protect pheromones from oxidation. May also act as pheromones themselves. In this context, they play a role in the regulation of social behaviors, such as aggression, mating, pup-suckling, territory establishment and dominance (Probable). Binds the pheromone analog 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT) in vitro (PubMed:25279835).
messages: Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind pheromones, and thus stabilize them to allow slow release into the air from urine marks. May protect pheromones from oxidation. May also act as pheromones themselves. In this context, they play a role in the regulation of social behaviors, such as aggression, mating, pup-suckling, territory establishment and dominance.
messages: Secreted

10090:Ms4a18
gene id: 10090:Ms4a18
uniprot id: J3QN01
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MS4A family.

10090:Scd4
gene id: 10090:Scd4
uniprot id: Q6T707
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family.
messages: Detected in heart, but not in brain, liver, skin or adipose tissue.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expected to bind 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated fatty acyl-CoA substrates. Catalyzes the insertion of a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA (PubMed:12815040, PubMed:16443825). Required for the biosynthesis of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides (By similarity).
messages: The histidine box domains are involved in binding the catalytic metal ions.
messages: Up-regulated by agonists that activate NR1H3. Up-regulated by a fat-free high-carbohydrate diet. Not down-regulated by a high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with unsaturated fatty acids. Down-regulated by leptin.

10090:Prepl
gene id: 10090:Prepl
uniprot id: Q8BKS6
uniprot id: Q8C167
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S9A family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in the brain, specifically in neurons of the neocortex, substantia nigra, locus coeruleus, and cerebellum, and a slightly lesser extent in neurons in the hypothalamus and hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:23321636, PubMed:23485813). Also expressed in interneurons in the stratum lacunosum moleculare and stratum radiatum (PubMed:23485813).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with the AP-1 complex (By similarity).
messages: Inhibited by 1-isobutyl-3-oxo-3,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-cyclopenta[c]pyridine-4-carbonitrile.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PREPL-null mice are significantly shorter and lighter than their wild-type littermates and suffer from neonatal hypotonia.
messages: Serine peptidase whose precise substrate specificity remains unclear (PubMed:21692504). Does not cleave peptides after a arginine or lysine residue (By similarity). Regulates trans-Golgi network morphology and sorting by regulating the membrane binding of the AP-1 complex (PubMed:23321636). May play a role in the regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: cytosol
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Timeless
gene id: 10090:Timeless
uniprot id: Q3U574
uniprot id: Q9R1X4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the timeless family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Expression is highest in whole embryos at 11 dpc and gradually decreases as embryonic development progresses. At 7.5 dpc, expressed in germ cell layers. At 14.5 dpc, expressed at highest levels in thymus, liver, gastrointestinal tract, lung and the rapidly proliferating ventricular zone of the brain.
messages: Homodimer or homomultimer (PubMed:12875843, PubMed:23418588). Component of the circadian core oscillator, which includes the CRY proteins, CLOCK or NPAS2, ARTNL/BMAL1 or ARTNL2/BMAL2, CSKN1D and/or CSNK1E, TIMELESS, and the PER proteins (PubMed:9856465). Interacts directly with PER2; the interaction with PER2 is via its second PAS domain (PubMed:14564007). Interacts directly with PER1 and PER3 (PubMed:9856465, PubMed:10231394, PubMed:14564007). Interacts with CRY1 (PubMed:10428031, PubMed:23418588, PubMed:24489120). Interacts with CRY2 (PubMed:10428031). Interacts with CHEK1, ATR and ATRIP (By similarity). Interacts with CLSPN (By similarity). Interacts with TIPIN (PubMed:12875843). Associates with the MCM2-7 complex. Interacts with DNA polymerases alpha, delta and epsilon (By similarity). Interacts with DDX11; this interaction increases recruitment of both proteins onto chromatin in response to replication stress induction by hydroxyurea (By similarity). Interacts with PARP1; interaction is direct and independent of poly-ADP-ribose (By similarity).
messages: In retina, expression exhibits a circadian rhythm in the presence of light/dark cycles. In the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), isoform 1 exhibited 24 hours oscillation, isoform 4 is constitutively expressed. Shows a circadian expression pattern in the intestine with peaks at ZT4 and ZT8.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays an important role in the control of DNA replication, maintenance of replication fork stability, maintenance of genome stability throughout normal DNA replication, DNA repair and in the regulation of the circadian clock (PubMed:9856465, PubMed:23418588, PubMed:10428031, PubMed:12875843). Required to stabilize replication forks during DNA replication by forming a complex with TIPIN: this complex regulates DNA replication processes under both normal and stress conditions, stabilizes replication forks and influences both CHEK1 phosphorylation and the intra-S phase checkpoint in response to genotoxic stress (PubMed:12875843). During DNA replication, inhibits the CMG complex ATPase activity and activates DNA polymerases catalytic activities, coupling DNA unwinding and DNA synthesis (By similarity). TIMELESS promotes TIPIN nuclear localization (PubMed:12875843). Involved in cell survival after DNA damage or replication stress by promoting DNA repair (PubMed:12875843). In response to double-strand breaks (DSBs), accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes homologous recombination repair via its interaction with PARP1 (By similarity). May be specifically required for the ATR-CHEK1 pathway in the replication checkpoint induced by hydroxyurea or ultraviolet light (PubMed:23418588). Involved in the determination of period length and in the DNA damage-dependent phase advancing of the circadian clock (PubMed:23418588, PubMed:10428031). Negatively regulates CLOCK|NPAS2-ARTNL/BMAL1|ARTNL2/BMAL2-induced transactivation of PER1 possibly via translocation of PER1 into the nucleus (PubMed:9856465). May also play an important role in epithelial cell morphogenesis and formation of branching tubules (PubMed:10963667).
messages: Predominantly and robustly expressed in proliferative organs (spleen, thymus, intestine and testis) compared to those more differentiated such as kidney and liver (at protein level). Expressed in all tissues examined including brain, heart, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, placenta, pancreas, spleen, thymus and testis. Strongly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and pars tuberalis, moderately in the cingulate cortex, pyrimidal cell layer of the piriform cortex, periventricular part of the caudate putamen, and granular layer of the cerebellum, and weakly in the cerebral cortex, gyrus dentatus, hippocampus and thalamic nuclei. In embryonic kidney, expression is highest in regions of active ureteric bud cell branching.

10090:Polr3e
gene id: 10090:Polr3e
uniprot id: Q9CZT4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex consisting of 17 subunits. Interacts with RPC4 (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Specific periphjeric component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Essential for efficient transcription from both the type 2 VAI and type 3 U6 RNA polymerase III promoters. Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ido1
gene id: 10090:Ido1
uniprot id: D3YXV1
uniprot id: P28776
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activity is inhibited by and MTH-trp (methylthiohydantoin-DL-tryptophan), modestly inhibited by L-1MT (1-methyl-L-tryptophan) but not D-1MT (1-methyl-D-tryptophan).
messages: Belongs to the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase family.
messages: Binds 1 heme group per subunit.
messages: By IFNG/IFN-gamma in most cells.
messages: Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway. Involved in the peripheral immune tolerance, contributing to maintain homeostasis by preventing autoimmunity or immunopathology that would result from uncontrolled and overreacting immune responses. Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells. Acts as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity (PubMed:25691885). Limits the growth of intracellular pathogens by depriving tryptophan. Protects the fetus from maternal immune rejection (Ref. 3).
messages: Highly expressed in epididymis, duodemum, jejunum, ileum, colon and spleen (PubMed:19741271). Highly expressed in epididymis, prostate, duodemum, jejunum, ileum, colon and spleen, not detected in the liver (at protein level) (PubMed:19741271). Expressed in tumors only upon exposure to IFN gamma (PubMed:25691885). Constitutively expressed in placenta in trophoblast cells (PubMed:15063630). Expression is restricted to perinuclear regions of primary trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) of fetal origin at mid-gestation (10.5 dpc). After placentation (14 dpc), no IDO expression was detected at the maternal-fetal interface (PubMed:15063630).
messages: Ido1 and Ido2 are 2 distinct enzymes which catalyze the same reaction. Ido2 affinity for tryptophan is much lower than that of Ido1. Ido2 may play a role as a negative regulator of Ido1 by competing for heme-binding with Ido1. Low efficiency Ido2 enzymes have been conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, whereas higher efficiency Ido1 enzymes are dispensable in many lower vertebrate lineages. Ido1 may have arisen by gene duplication of a more ancient proto-IDO gene before the divergence of marsupial and eutherian (placental) mammals.
messages: Knockout mice display normal development and function of dendritic cells, on T- or B-cells development (PubMed:18384884). They display increased sensitivity to the induction of inflammatory and autoimmune reactions (PubMed:22157149). They produce litters of normal sizes at normal rates, implying that compensatory or redundant immunosuppressive mechanisms protected allogeneic fetuses during gestation in knockout mice. Knockout mice display cardiac and gastrointestinal liabilities (PubMed:22157149).
messages: Monomer.
messages: cytosol

10090:H3c10
gene id: 10090:H3c10
uniprot id: P68433
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by chromatin-associated CHEK1 regulates the transcription of cell cycle regulatory genes by modulating acetylation of Lys-10 (H3K9ac). Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. Interacts with TONSL; CHAF1A; CHAF1B; MCM2 and DNAJC9 (By similarity).
messages: This histone is only present in mammals.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Dsg1c
gene id: 10090:Dsg1c
uniprot id: Q7TSF0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in embryo at 17 dpc.
messages: Expressed in epidermis, brain, liver, skeletal, muscle and testis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Sult2a3
gene id: 10090:Sult2a3
uniprot id: D3Z1W5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family.

10090:Prkce
gene id: 10090:Prkce
uniprot id: P16054
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. PKC subfamily.
messages: Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays essential roles in the regulation of multiple cellular processes linked to cytoskeletal proteins, such as cell adhesion, motility, migration and cell cycle, functions in neuron growth and ion channel regulation, and is involved in immune response, cancer cell invasion and regulation of apoptosis. Mediates cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix via integrin-dependent signaling, by mediating angiotensin-2-induced activation of integrin beta-1 (ITGB1) in cardiac fibroblasts. Phosphorylates MARCKS, which phosphorylates and activates PTK2/FAK, leading to the spread of cardiomyocytes. Involved in the control of the directional transport of ITGB1 in mesenchymal cells by phosphorylating vimentin (VIM), an intermediate filament (IF) protein. In epithelial cells, associates with and phosphorylates keratin-8 (KRT8), which induces targeting of desmoplakin at desmosomes and regulates cell-cell contact. Phosphorylates IQGAP1, which binds to CDC42, mediating epithelial cell-cell detachment prior to migration. During cytokinesis, forms a complex with YWHAB, which is crucial for daughter cell separation, and facilitates abscission by a mechanism which may implicate the regulation of RHOA. In cardiac myocytes, regulates myofilament function and excitation coupling at the Z-lines, where it is indirectly associated with F-actin via interaction with COPB1. During endothelin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, mediates activation of PTK2/FAK, which is critical for cardiomyocyte survival and regulation of sarcomere length. Plays a role in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy via persistent phosphorylation of troponin I (TNNI3). Involved in nerve growth factor (NFG)-induced neurite outgrowth and neuron morphological change independently of its kinase activity, by inhibition of RHOA pathway, activation of CDC42 and cytoskeletal rearrangement. May be involved in presynapti…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a ternary complex with TRIM63 and RACK1/GN2BL1 (By similarity). Can form a complex with PDLIM5 and N-type calcium channel (By similarity). Interacts with COPB1 (By similarity). Interacts with DGKQ (By similarity). Interacts with STAT3 (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB (PubMed:18604201). Interacts with HSP90AB1; promotes functional activation in a heat shock-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts (via phorbol-ester/DAG-type 2 domain) with PRPH and VIM (By similarity). Interacts with NLRP5/MATER (By similarity).
messages: Novel PKCs (PRKCD, PRKCE, PRKCH and PRKCQ) are calcium-insensitive, but activated by diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidylserine. Three specific sites; Thr-566 (activation loop of the kinase domain), Thr-710 (turn motif) and Ser-729 (hydrophobic region), need to be phosphorylated for its full activation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Thr-566 by PDPK1 triggers autophosphorylation on Ser-729 (By similarity). Phosphorylation in the hinge domain at Ser-350 by MAPK11 or MAPK14, Ser-346 by GSK3B and Ser-368 by autophosphorylation is required for interaction with YWHAB.
messages: The C1 domain, containing the phorbol ester/DAG-type region 1 (C1A) and 2 (C1B), is the diacylglycerol sensor and the C2 domain is a non-calcium binding domain.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Morc4
gene id: 10090:Morc4
uniprot id: Q8BMD7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Histone methylation reader which binds to non-methylated (H3K4me0), monomethylated (H3K4me1), dimethylated (H3K4me2) and trimethylated (H3K4me3) 'Lys-4' on histone H3 (By similarity). The order of binding preference is H3K4me3 > H3K4me2 > H3K4me1 > H3K4me0 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CW-TYPE zinc finger mediates its binding to trimethylated histone H3K4me3.

10090:Chmp7
gene id: 10090:Chmp7
uniprot id: Q8R1T1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SNF7 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: ESCRT-III-like protein required to recruit the ESCRT-III complex to the nuclear envelope (NE) during late anaphase (By similarity). Together with SPAST, the ESCRT-III complex promotes NE sealing and mitotic spindle disassembly during late anaphase (By similarity). Recruited to the reforming NE during anaphase by LEMD2 (By similarity). Plays a role in the endosomal sorting pathway (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with CHMP4B, but not with VPS25 (By similarity). Interacts with LEMD2 (via C-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus envelope

10090:Ncf1
gene id: 10090:Ncf1
uniprot id: Q09014
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of an NADPH oxidase complex composed of a heterodimer formed by the membrane proteins CYBA and CYBB and the cytosolic subunits NCF1, NCF2 and NCF4. Interacts (via C-terminus) with NCF2 (via the C-terminal SH3 domain). Interacts with NCF4. Interacts with CYBB. Interacts (via the second SH3 domain) with CYBA. Interacts with NOXA1. Interacts with ADAM15. Interacts with TRAF4. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity). Interacts with PARK7 (via C-terminus); the interaction is enhanced by LPS and modulates NCF1 phosphorylation and membrane translocation (PubMed:26021615).
messages: Membrane
messages: NCF2, NCF1, and a membrane bound cytochrome b558 are required for activation of the latent NADPH oxidase (necessary for superoxide production).
messages: Phosphorylated by PRKCD; phosphorylation induces activation of NCF1 and NADPH oxidase activity.
messages: The PX domain mediates interaction with phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate and other anionic phospholipids. In the autoinhibited, unphosphorylated state an intramolecular interaction with the C-terminal SH3 domain precludes phospholipid binding and interaction with CYBA. Phosphorylation disrupts the autoinhibited state (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Mpp2
gene id: 10090:Mpp2
uniprot id: Q9WV34
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MAGUK family.
messages: Can homomultimerise. Interacts with CACNG2. Interacts (via the SH3-Guanylate kinase-like sub-module) with DLG4/PSD95 and DLGAP1/GKAP. Interacts (via the PDZ domain) with CADM1 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with KCNN2/SK2 (via N-terminal domain) (PubMed:26880549). Interacts with SRC (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in pyramidal neurons of CA1 region of the hippocampus.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by SRC.
messages: Postsynaptic MAGUK scaffold protein that links CADM1 cell adhesion molecules to core components of the postsynaptic density (By similarity). In CA1 pyramidal neurons, required for synaptic KCNN2-containing channel function and long-term potentiation expression (PubMed:26880549). Seems to negatively regulate SRC function in epithelial cells (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Olfr1047
gene id: 10090:Olfr1047
uniprot id: Q8VGS0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cd300c2
gene id: 10090:Cd300c2
uniprot id: Q7TSN2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an activating receptor in mast cells and macrophages.
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with TYROBP, HCST and FcR gamma.
messages: Present on the surface of mast cells, dendritic cells, peritoneal macrophages and a subset of B-cells (at protein level).

10090:Usp11
gene id: 10090:Usp11
uniprot id: Q99K46
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Associated component of the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex (By similarity). Interacts with RANBP9/RANBPM (By similarity). Interacts with BRCA2 (By similarity). Interacts with CHUK/IKKA (By similarity). Interacts with NFKBIA (By similarity). Interacts with SPRY3, RAE1, MYCBP2/PAM, and KCTD6 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protease that can remove conjugated ubiquitin from target proteins and polyubiquitin chains. Inhibits the degradation of target proteins by the proteasome. Cleaves preferentially 'Lys-6' and 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains. Has lower activity with 'Lys-11' and 'Lys-33'-linked ubiquitin chains, and extremely low activity with 'Lys-27', 'Lys-29' and 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin chains (in vitro). Plays a role in the regulation of pathways leading to NF-kappa-B activation. Plays a role in the regulation of DNA repair after double-stranded DNA breaks. Acts as a chromatin regulator via its association with the Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex; may act by deubiquitinating components of the PRC1-like complex. Promotes cell proliferation by deubiquitinating phosphorylated E2F1.

10090:1700024G13Rik
gene id: 10090:1700024G13Rik
uniprot id: Q3KNL4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0728 family.

10090:2510039O18Rik
gene id: 10090:2510039O18Rik
uniprot id: Q91X21
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Echdc3
gene id: 10090:Echdc3
uniprot id: Q9D7J9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family.
messages: May play a role in fatty acid biosynthesis and insulin sensitivity.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Slc17a8
gene id: 10090:Slc17a8
uniprot id: D3YTT3
uniprot id: Q3UE85
uniprot id: Q8BFU8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion cotransporter family. VGLUT subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in restricted areas of the brain. Highest expression is found in the neurons of the basal forebrain, the hippocampal formation, and the majority of the neurons of the mesencephalic raphe nuclei. Expressed in inner hair cells of the ear.
messages: Expression peaks at P7 in the brain. Expressed in inner hair cells from 19 dpc onwards.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are hyperactive and suffer from intermittent, spontaneous cortical seizures. They exhibit reduced cholinergic transmission in the ventral portion of the striatum and defective acetylcholine release. They are hypersensitive to cocaine and less prone to haloperidol-induced catalepsy.
messages: Mice defective in Slc17a8 are profoundly deaf owing to the absence of glutamate release from hair cells at the first synapse in the auditory pathway. They lack auditory-nerve responses to acoustic stimuli, although auditory brainstem responses could be elicited by electrical stimuli.
messages: Multifunctional transporter that transports L-glutamate as well as multiple ions such as chloride, sodium and phosphate (PubMed:18215623, PubMed:18080752, PubMed:12384506). At the synaptic vesicle membrane, mainly functions as an uniporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells (PubMed:18215623, PubMed:18080752, PubMed:12384506). The L-glutamate uniporter activity is electrogenic and is driven by the proton electrochemical gradient, mainly by the electrical gradient established by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase across the synaptic vesicle membrane (PubMed:12384506). In addition, functions as a chloride channel that allows a chloride permeation through the synaptic vesicle membrane that affects the proton electrochemical gradient and promotes synaptic vesicles acidification (By similarity). At the plasma membrane, following exocytosis, functions as a symporter of Na(+) and phosphate from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm allowing synaptic phosphate homeostasis regulation (By similarity). The symporter activity is electrogenic (By similarity). Moreover, operates synergistically with SLC18A3/VACHT under a constant H(+) gradient, thereby allowing striatal vesicular acetylcholine uptake (PubMed:18278042).
messages: The L-glutamate uniporter activity exhibits a biphasic dependence on chloride concentration. Chloride channel activity is allosterically activated by lumenal H(+) and Cl(-) leading to synaptic vesicles acidification. The L-glutamate transport activity is allosterically activated by lumenal H(+) and Cl(-), preventing non-vesicular L-glutamate release.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane
messages: synaptosome

10090:Sftpb
gene id: 10090:Sftpb
uniprot id: P50405
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Pulmonary surfactant consists of 90% lipid and 10% protein. There are 4 surfactant-associated proteins: 2 collagenous, carbohydrate-binding glycoproteins (SP-A and SP-D) and 2 small hydrophobic proteins (SP-B and SP-C).
messages: Pulmonary surfactant-associated proteins promote alveolar stability by lowering the surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the peripheral air spaces. SP-B increases the collapse pressure of palmitic acid to nearly 70 millinewtons per meter.
messages: surface film

10090:Matr3
gene id: 10090:Matr3
uniprot id: Q8K310
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: May play a role in transcription or may interact with other nuclear matrix proteins to form the internal fibrogranular network. In association with the SFPQ-NONO heteromer may play a role in nuclear retention of defective RNAs. Plays a role in the regulation of DNA virus-mediated innate immune response by assembling into the HDP-RNP complex, a complex that serves as a platform for IRF3 phosphorylation and subsequent innate immune response activation through the cGAS-STING pathway. Binds to N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-containing mRNAs and contributes to MYC stability by binding to m6A-containing MYC mRNAs. May bind to specific miRNA hairpins.
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: Part of a complex consisting of SFPQ, NONO and MATR3. Interacts with AGO1 and AGO2 (By similarity). Part of a complex composed at least of ASCL2, EMSY, HCFC1, HSPA8, CCAR2, MATR3, MKI67, RBBP5, TUBB2A, WDR5 and ZNF335; this complex may have a histone H3-specific methyltransferase activity. Interacts with TARDBP. Part of the HDP-RNP complex composed of at least HEXIM1, PRKDC, XRCC5, XRCC6, paraspeckle proteins (SFPQ, NONO, PSPC1, RBM14, and MATR3) and NEAT1 RNA. Interacts with FUS. Interacts with IGF2BP1. Interacts with IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3.

10090:Actl6b
gene id: 10090:Actl6b
uniprot id: Q99MR0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: By retinoic acid of P19 embryonic carcinoma stem cells induced by this treatment to differentiate into neuronal cells.
messages: Component of the multiprotein chromatin-remodeling complexes SWI/SNF: SWI/SNF-A (BAF), SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) and related complexes. The canonical complex contains a catalytic subunit (either SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A or SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B) and at least SMARCE1, ACTL6A/BAF53, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, and SMARCB1/SNF5/BAF47. Other subunits specific to each of the complexes may also be present permitting several possible combinations developmentally and tissue specific (PubMed:22952240, PubMed:26601204).Component of the BAF complex, which includes at least actin (ACTB), ARID1A/BAF250A, ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCA2/BRM, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, ACTL6A/BAF53, ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, SMARCB1/SNF5/INI1, and one or more SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, or SMARCD3/BAF60C (By similarity). Component of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex) composed of at least, ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A or SMARCD2/BAF60B or SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, DPF1/BAF45B, DPF3/BAF45C, ACTL6B/BAF53B and actin (ACTB)(PubMed:12368262, PubMed:17640523, PubMed:17920018). Note that the nBAF complex is polymorphic in regard to the ATPase, SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 occupying mutually exclusive positions (PubMed:12368262). May be a component of the SWI/SNF-B (PBAF) chromatin remodeling complex, at least composed of SMARCA4/BRG1, SMARCB1/BAF47/SNF5, ACTL6A/BAF53A or ACTL6B/BAF53B, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD2/BAF60B, perhaps SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCC2/BAF170, PBRM1/BAF180, ARID2/BAF200 and actin (By similarity).
messages: Expression begins near the time of neuronal cell type specification. First apparent at 10.5 dpc in the nervous system, with high levels in the telencephalon and less in the diencephalon, mesencephalon and spinal cord. This pattern of expression persists and becomes more defined at 12.5 dpc and later stages. Detected in dorsal root ganglia, but not in neural crest derivatives that give rise to non-neuronal tissues, including great vessels. Expressed in postmitotic cells in the CNS, but not in actively proliferating precursor cells. At protein level, first detected at 12.5 dpc in nervous tissues. In the developing forebrain, cerebellar primordium and spinal cord, strictly expressed in postmitotic neurons.
messages: Involved in transcriptional activation and repression of select genes by chromatin remodeling (alteration of DNA-nucleosome topology). Component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes that carry out key enzymatic activities, changing chromatin structure by altering DNA-histone contacts within a nucleosome in an ATP-dependent manner. Belongs to the neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex (nBAF complex), as such plays a role in remodeling mononucleosomes in an ATP-dependent fashion, and is required for postmitotic neural development and dendritic outgrowth. During neural development a switch from a stem/progenitor to a postmitotic chromatin remodeling mechanism occurs as neurons exit the cell cycle and become committed to their adult state. The transition from proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells to postmitotic neurons requires a switch in subunit composition of the npBAF and nBAF complexes. As neural progenitors exit mitosis and differentiate into neurons, npBAF complexes which contain ACTL6A/BAF53A and PHF10/BAF45A, are exchanged for homologous alternative ACTL6B/BAF53B and DPF1/BAF45B or DPF3/BAF45C subunits in neuron-specific complexes (nBAF). The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells. The nBAF complex along with CREST plays a role regulating the activity of genes essential for dendrite growth. ACTL6B/BAF53B is not essential for assembly of the nBAF complex but is required for targeting the complex and CREST to the promoter of genes essential for dendritic growth. Essential for neuronal maturation and dendrite development (By similarity).
messages: Mice have lethal defects in neuronal development, including defects in activity-dependent dendritic outgrowth.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Restricted to the brain and peripheral nervous tissue (at protein level). Present in virtually all neurons in the cerebral neocortex (layers II-VI), hippocampus (CA1-CA3 region and dentate gyrus), cerebellum (molecular, granular and Purkinje cell layers), spinal cord (dorsally and ventrally), dorsal root ganglion, retina and the olfactory bulb (mitral and granule cell layers). Expressed specifically in postmitotic neurons (at protein level).

10090:Plekhg5
gene id: 10090:Plekhg5
uniprot id: Q66T02
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Animals develop normally and show no clear neurologic symptoms as adults. However, electrophysiologic studies indicated that mutant mice have decreased motor nerve conduction velocities and delayed compound action potentials. Mutant mice perform slightly less well than control mice in the rotarod test (PubMed:23777631). Deficient mice have no motoneuron loss during their first year. A loss of motoneurons starts at 12 months and this decrease is more prominent in 24-month-old animals. Biogenesis of autophagosomes is impaired in Plekhg5-deficient motoneurons resulting in a reduced number of retrogradely transported autophagosomes (PubMed:29084947).
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in neurons and glial cells of the peripheral nervous system, with highest levels of expression in the brain and sciatic nerve endoneurium. Isoform 2 is expressed at detectable levels only in malignant cells.
messages: Functions as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for RAB26 and thus regulates autophagy of synaptic vesicles in axon terminal of motoneurons (PubMed:29084947). Involved in the control of neuronal cell differentiation. Plays a role in angiogenesis through regulation of endothelial cells chemotaxis (PubMed:21543326). Affects also the migration, adhesion, and matrix/bone degradation in macrophages and osteoclasts (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with GIPC1/synectin and RHOA.
messages: Regulated during development, with the highest level at postnatal days 10 to 14, suggesting a role in myelination of the peripheral nervous system.
messages: lamellipodium
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Fthl17d
gene id: 10090:Fthl17d
uniprot id: Q3SXD1
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the ferritin family.
messages: Stores iron in a soluble, non-toxic, readily available form. Important for iron homeostasis. Iron is taken up in the ferrous form and deposited as ferric hydroxides after oxidation.

10090:Nsd3
gene id: 10090:Nsd3
uniprot id: Q6P2L6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SET2 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Histone methyltransferase. Preferentially dimethylates 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-27' of histone H3 forming H3K2me2 and H3K27me2. H3 'Lys-4' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, while 'Lys-27' is a mark for transcriptional repression.
messages: Interacts with BRD4.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nhlrc2
gene id: 10090:Nhlrc2
uniprot id: Q8BZW8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Full embryonic lethality. No homozygous embryos are present at 2.5 dpc.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Required for normal embryonic development.
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: cytosol

10090:Ccs
gene id: 10090:Ccs
uniprot id: Q543K2
uniprot id: Q9WU84
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 2 copper ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Delivers copper to copper zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1).
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with SOD1. Interacts with COMMD1 (By similarity). Interacts with XIAP/BIRC4 (By similarity).
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.
messages: Ubiquitinion by XIAP/BIRC4 leads to enhancement of its chaperone activity toward its physiologic target, SOD1, rather than proteasomal degradation. XIAP/BIRC4 preferentially ubiquitinates at Lys-241 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Cops7a
gene id: 10090:Cops7a
uniprot id: Q9CZ04
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CSN7/EIF3M family. CSN7 subfamily.
messages: Component of the COP9 signalosome complex (CSN), a complex involved in various cellular and developmental processes. The CSN complex is an essential regulator of the ubiquitin (Ubl) conjugation pathway by mediating the deneddylation of the cullin subunits of SCF-type E3 ligase complexes, leading to decrease the Ubl ligase activity of SCF-type complexes such as SCF, CSA or DDB2. The complex is also involved in phosphorylation of p53/TP53, JUN, I-kappa-B-alpha/NFKBIA, ITPK1 and IRF8/ICSBP, possibly via its association with CK2 and PKD kinases. CSN-dependent phosphorylation of TP53 and JUN promotes and protects degradation by the Ubl system, respectively (By similarity).
messages: Component of the CSN complex, composed of COPS1/GPS1, COPS2, COPS3, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6, COPS7 (COPS7A or COPS7B), COPS8 and COPS9 (PubMed:9707402). In the complex, it probably interacts directly with COPS1, COPS2, COPS4, COPS5, COPS6 and COPS8. Interacts with PMF1. Interacts with the translation initiation factor EIF3S6. Interacts with CK2 and PKD (By similarity). Interacts directly with ID3 (PubMed:15451666).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2 and PKD kinases.

10090:Nolc1
gene id: 10090:Nolc1
uniprot id: E9Q5C9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NOLC1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RNA polymerase I 194 kDa subunit (RPA194) and with casein kinase-II (By similarity). Interacts with DKC1/NAP57, NOP58 and fibrillarin (By similarity).
messages: Nucleolar protein that acts as a regulator of RNA polymerase I by connecting RNA polymerase I with enzymes responsible for ribosomal processing and modification (By similarity). Required for neural crest specification: following monoubiquitination by the BCR(KBTBD8) complex, associates with TCOF1 and acts as a platform to connect RNA polymerase I with enzymes responsible for ribosomal processing and modification, leading to remodel the translational program of differentiating cells in favor of neural crest specification (By similarity). Involved in nucleologenesis, possibly by playing a role in the maintenance of the fundamental structure of the fibrillar center and dense fibrillar component in the nucleolus (PubMed:11424213). It has intrinsic GTPase and ATPase activities (By similarity).
messages: Pyrophosphorylated by 5-diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (5-IP7) (PubMed:15604408). Serine pyrophosphorylation is achieved by Mg(2+)-dependent, but enzyme independent transfer of a beta-phosphate from a inositol pyrophosphate to a pre-phosphorylated serine residue (PubMed:15604408, PubMed:17873058).
messages: Ubiquitinated. Monoubiquitination by the BCR(KBTBD8) complex promotes the formation of a NOLC1-TCOF1 complex that acts as a platform to connect RNA polymerase I with enzymes responsible for ribosomal processing and modification, leading to remodel the translational program of differentiating cells in favor of neural crest specification.
messages: Undergoes rapid and massive phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycles on CK2 and PKC sites. NOLC1 is one of the mostly phosphorylated proteins in the cell.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Vps8
gene id: 10090:Vps8
uniprot id: D3YUP0
uniprot id: Q0P5W1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the VPS8 family.
messages: Interacts with RAB5C (PubMed:25266290). Interacts with TGFBRAP1 (By similarity). Component of the putative class C core vacuole/endosome tethering (CORVET) complex; the core of which is composed of the class C Vps proteins VPS11, VPS16, VPS18 and VPS33A, associated with VPS8 and TGFBRAP1 (PubMed:25266290).
messages: Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking of the endocytic membrane transport pathway. Believed to act as a component of the putative CORVET endosomal tethering complexes which is proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. The CORVET complex is proposed to function as a Rab5 effector to mediate early endosome fusion probably in specific endosome subpopulations. Functions predominantly in APPL1-containing endosomes (By similarity).

10090:Pygo1
gene id: 10090:Pygo1
uniprot id: Q9D0P5
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with BCL9 via The PHD-type zinc finger motiv, and thereby becomes part of the nuclear beta-catenin/TCF complex. Found in a complex with BCL9L, CDC73, CTNNB1 and PYGO1. Interacts with histone H3 mono-, di- or tri-methylated at 'Lys4' (H3K4me1, H3K4me2, H3K4me3); the interaction is enhanced by the interaction with BCL9 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in signal transduction through the Wnt pathway.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Calb1
gene id: 10090:Calb1
uniprot id: P12658
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the calbindin family.
messages: Buffers cytosolic calcium. May stimulate a membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase and a 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase.
messages: Expressed in the modiolar nerve root and in bushy neurons in the ventral cochlear nucleus (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with RANBP9.
messages: This protein has four functional calcium-binding sites; potential sites II and VI have lost affinity for calcium.

10090:Hnf4a
gene id: 10090:Hnf4a
uniprot id: B9VVT5
uniprot id: B9VVT6
uniprot id: P49698
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-458 lowers transcriptional activation by about two-fold.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.
messages: Binds fatty acids.
messages: Expressed in the liver, pancreas and colon in a circadian manner.
messages: Homodimerization is required for HNF4-alpha to bind to its recognition site (By similarity). Interacts with CLOCK, BMAL1 and PER1 (By similarity). Interacts with PER2 (PubMed:20159955). Interacts with CRY1 and CRY2 (PubMed:28751364). Interacts with NR0B2/SHP; the resulting heterodimer is transcriptionnally inactive (By similarity). Interacts with DDX3X; this interaction disrupts the interaction between HNF4 and NR0B2 that forms inactive heterodimers and enhances the formation of active HNF4 homodimers (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pancreatic beta-cells-specific knockout results in hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residue(s); phosphorylation is important for its DNA-binding activity. Phosphorylation may directly or indirectly play a regulatory role in the subnuclear distribution. Phosphorylation at Ser-313 by AMPK reduces the ability to form homodimers and bind DNA (By similarity).
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: Transcriptional regulator which controls the expression of hepatic genes during the transition of endodermal cells to hepatic progenitor cells, facilitatating the recruitment of RNA pol II to the promoters of target genes (By similarity). Activates the transcription of CYP2C38 (PubMed:30555544). Represses the CLOCK-BMAL1 transcriptional activity and is essential for circadian rhythm maintenance and period regulation in the liver and colon cells (PubMed:30530698).

10090:Ttc14
gene id: 10090:Ttc14
uniprot id: Q9CSP9
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TTC14 family.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.

10090:Ppcdc
gene id: 10090:Ppcdc
uniprot id: Q8BZB2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the HFCD (homooligomeric flavin containing Cys decarboxylase) superfamily.
messages: Binds 1 FMN per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the decarboxylation of the cysteine moiety of 4-phosphopantothenoylcysteine to form 4'-phosphopantotheine and this reaction forms part of the biosynthesis of coenzyme A.
messages: Homotrimer.

10090:Spag11a
gene id: 10090:Spag11a
uniprot id: Q0VB31
uniprot id: Q8K4N2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the beta-defensin family.
messages: Has antimicrobial activity against E.coli (By similarity). Plays a role in the defense response in the male reproductive tract, contributing to sperm maturation, storage and protection (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Myh2
gene id: 10090:Myh2
uniprot id: G3UW82
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.

10090:Polb
gene id: 10090:Polb
uniprot id: Q8K409
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-X family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methylation by PRMT6 stimulates the polymerase activity by enhancing DNA binding and processivity.
messages: Monomer. Interacts with APEX1, HUWE1/ARF-BP1, STUB1/CHIP and USP47 (By similarity). Interacts with FAM168A (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Repair polymerase that plays a key role in base-excision repair. Has 5'-deoxyribose-5-phosphate lyase (dRP lyase) activity that removes the 5' sugar phosphate and also acts as a DNA polymerase that adds one nucleotide to the 3' end of the arising single-nucleotide gap. Conducts 'gap-filling' DNA synthesis in a stepwise distributive fashion rather than in a processive fashion as for other DNA polymerases (By similarity).
messages: Residues 239-252 form a flexible loop which appears to affect the polymerase fidelity.
messages: Ubiquitinated at Lys-41, Lys-61 and Lys-81: monoubiquitinated by HUWE1/ARF-BP1. Monoubiquitinated protein is then the target of STUB1/CHIP, which catalyzes polyubiquitination from monoubiquitin, leading to degradation by the proteasome. USP47 mediates the deubiquitination of monoubiquitinated protein, preventing polyubiquitination by STUB1/CHIP and its subsequent degradation (By similarity).

10090:Dhcr7
gene id: 10090:Dhcr7
uniprot id: A0A140LIT2
uniprot id: O88455
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway reducing the C7-C8 double bond of cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol (7-dehydrocholesterol/7-DHC) and cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3beta-ol, two intermediates in that pathway.
messages: Belongs to the ERG4/ERG24 family.
messages: Deficient mice die within one day of birth due to respiratory and suckling problems. They exhibit abnormal cholesterol homeostasis with reduced tissue cholesterol levels and total sterol levels, enlarged bladders and sometimes cleft palate.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with DHCR24; this interaction regulates DHCR7 activity.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pitx1
gene id: 10090:Pitx1
uniprot id: P70314
uniprot id: Q3UQH0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the paired homeobox family. Bicoid subfamily.
messages: Expressed in primordial Rathke pouch, oral epithelium, first branchial arch, duodenum, and hindlimb.
messages: Expressed throughout pituitary development. Not found in 8 dpc embryos but seen in embryos at 8.5 dpc in the region of the first branchial arch and ventral portion of the caudal-most region of the embryo. At 9.5 dpc observed in the hindlimb buds, maxillary and mandibular components of the first branchial arch and Rathke pouch and the pattern of expression continues through 10.5 dpc at 11.5 dpc also found in ventral mesenchyme covering the abdominal cavity and in the nasal epithelium. At 17.5 dpc expressed in derivatives of the first branchial arch, including tongue and mandible as well as duodenum, salivary glands, nasal epithelium and condensing cartilage in the hindlimbs.
messages: Interacts with POU1F1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sequence-specific transcription factor that binds gene promoters and activates their transcription. May play a role in the development of anterior structures, and in particular, the brain and facies and in specifying the identity or structure of hindlimb. Can independently activate and synergize with PIT-1 on pituitary-specific target gene promoters, thus may subserve functions in generating both precursor and specific cell phenotypes in the anterior pituitary gland and in several other organs. Can activate pituitary transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene.

10090:Mettl21c
gene id: 10090:Mettl21c
uniprot id: Q8BLU2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METTL21 family.
messages: Interacts with members of the heat shock protein 70 families; these proteins may possibly be methylation substrates for the enzyme.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase.

10090:Ctla2a
gene id: 10090:Ctla2a
uniprot id: P12399
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Not known, expressed in activated T-cell.
messages: Secreted
messages: To the propeptide regions of cysteine proteases.

10090:S100a1
gene id: 10090:S100a1
uniprot id: P56565
uniprot id: Q91V77
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Able to bind zinc in vitro; the binding sites are different from the calcium binding sites. The physiological relevance of zinc binding is unclear. Physiological concentrations of potassium antagonize the binding of both divalent cations, especially affecting the high-affinity calcium-binding sites.
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Deficient mice show unaltered baseline cardiac function and heart rate, but display deficiencies in their contractile function in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation and enhanced transsarcolemmal Ca(2+) influx (PubMed:11909974). It also significantly accelerates the development of contractile dysfunction after myocardial infarction, with a rapid onset of cardiac remodeling and a transition to heart failure combined with excessive mortality (PubMed:16952982).
messages: Dimer of either two alpha chains, or two beta chains, or one alpha and one beta chain. Also forms heterodimers with S100P (By similarity). Interacts with AGER (By similarity). Interacts with CAPZA1 (By similarity). Interacts with FKBP4. Interacts with RYR1 and RYR2. Interacts with CACYBP in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with PPP5C (via TPR repeats); the interaction is calcium-dependent and modulates PPP5C activity. Interacts with ATP2A2 and PLN in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with mitochondrial F1-ATPase subunits ATP5F1A and ATP5F1B; these interactions increase F1-ATPase activity (PubMed:17438143).
messages: Expressed in the cardiac and the skeletal muscles.
messages: Glutathionylated; glutathionylation increases affinity to calcium about 10-fold.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
messages: Small calcium binding protein that plays important roles in several biological processes such as Ca(2+) homeostasis, chondrocyte biology and cardiomyocyte regulation (PubMed:11909974, PubMed:16952982). In response to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) levels, binds calcium which triggers conformational changes. These changes allow interactions with specific target proteins and modulate their activity. Regulates a network in cardiomyocytes controlling sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) cycling and mitochondrial function through interaction with the ryanodine receptors RYR1 and RYR2, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase/ATP2A2 and mitochondrial F1-ATPase (PubMed:17438143). Facilitates diastolic Ca(2+) dissociation and myofilament mechanics in order to improve relaxation during diastole (By similarity).

10090:Tarsl2
gene id: 10090:Tarsl2
uniprot id: Q8BLY2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family.
messages: Catalyzes the attachment of threonine to tRNA(Thr) in a two-step reaction: threonine is first activated by ATP to form Thr-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end of tRNA(Thr). Also edits incorrectly charged tRNA(Thr) via its editing domain, at the post-transfer stage.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be a component of the multisynthetase complex (MSC), a large multi-subunit complex which contains at least eight different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases plus three auxillary subunits AIMP1, AIMP2 and EEF1E1. Interacts with the MSC components EPRS1, AIMP1, AIMP2 and KARS1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous (at protein level). Strongly expressed in muscle (at protein level). Moderately expressed in heart and liver (at protein level). Weakly expressed in stomach, kidney, testis, spleen, brain, fat and lung (at protein level).

10090:A2ml1
gene id: 10090:A2ml1
uniprot id: Q3TTY9
uniprot id: Q3UU35
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protease inhibitor I39 (alpha-2-macroglobulin) family.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rec114
gene id: 10090:Rec114
uniprot id: Q9CWH4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the REC114 family.
messages: Expressed in adult testis and embryonic ovary. Also expressed at low levels in liver.
messages: In the testis, expression is detected at 4 days postpartum (dpp) with a peak at day 10. Levels decrease between 14-18 dpp with an increase in the adult.
messages: Interacts with MEI4 (PubMed:20551173). Interacts with IHO1 (PubMed:27723721). Part of the MCD recombinosome complex, at least composed of IHO1, REC114 and MEI4 (PubMed:27723721). Interacts with ANKRD31; the interaction is direct (PubMed:31000436, PubMed:31003867).
messages: Required for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) formation in unsynapsed regions during meiotic recombination (PubMed:20551173, PubMed:27723721). Probably acts by forming a complex with IHO1 and MEI4, which activates DSBs formation in unsynapsed regions, an essential step to ensure completion of synapsis (PubMed:27723721).

10090:Ndnf
gene id: 10090:Ndnf
uniprot id: Q8C119
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 16.5 dpc, specifically expressed in the interfollicular basal cells of the epidermis (at protein level). Detected in the marginal cells and cortical plate of the brain cortex from 16 dpc to P90 with high levels between 16 dpc and P0 and lower levels from P7 to adulthood (at protein level).
messages: Binds heparin and chondroitin sulfate.
messages: Expressed in brain and spinal cord with no expression detected in heart, kidney or liver. Expressed by neurons but not by astrocytes. In the brain, detected in the cerebrum, cerebellum and olfactory bulbs. In the cerebral cortex, highly expressed in Cajal-Retzius cells. Also expressed in hippocampal neurons and in Purkinje and granule cells of the cerebellum (at protein level) (PubMed:20969804). Expressed in neurons along the GnRH migratory route.
messages: Knockout mice lacking Ndnf are grossly normal and able to produce viable pups (PubMed:31883645). Absence of Ndnf in 13.5 dpc embryos results in abnormal development of the olfactory system and defective gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expressing neurons migration to the hypothalamus (PubMed:31883645).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: O-glycosylated; contains heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secretory protein that plays a role in various cellular processes. Acts as a chemorepellent acting on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expressing neurons regulating their migration to the hypothalamus (PubMed:31883645). Also promotes neuron migration, growth and survival as well as neurite outgrowth and is involved in the development of the olfactory system (PubMed:31883645). May also act through the regulation of growth factors activity and downstream signaling (By similarity). Also regulates extracellular matrix assembly and cell adhesiveness (PubMed:18757743). Promotes endothelial cell survival, vessel formation and plays an important role in the process of revascularization through NOS3-dependent mechanisms (PubMed:24706764).
messages: Up-regulated in endothelial cells of muscles after hind limb ischemic surgery.

10090:Bmx
gene id: 10090:Bmx
uniprot id: B1AUL6
uniprot id: P97504
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. TEC subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with BCAR1, CAV1, MYD88, PTK2/FAK1, RUFY1, RUFY2, STAT3, TIRAP and TNFRSF1B.
messages: Non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays central but diverse modulatory roles in various signaling processes involved in the regulation of actin reorganization, cell migration, cell proliferation and survival, cell adhesion, and apoptosis. Participates in signal transduction stimulated by growth factor receptors, cytokine receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, antigen receptors and integrins. Induces tyrosine phosphorylation of BCAR1 in response to integrin regulation. Activation of BMX by integrins is mediated by PTK2/FAK1, a key mediator of integrin signaling events leading to the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and cell motility. Plays a critical role in TNF-induced angiogenesis, and implicated in the signaling of TEK and FLT1 receptors, 2 important receptor families essential for angiogenesis. Required for the phosphorylation and activation of STAT3, a transcription factor involved in cell differentiation. Also involved in interleukin-6 (IL6) induced differentiation. Also plays a role in programming adaptive cytoprotection against extracellular stress in different cell systems, salivary epithelial cells, brain endothelial cells, and dermal fibroblasts. May be involved in regulation of endocytosis through its interaction with an endosomal protein RUFY1. May also play a role in the growth and differentiation of hematopoietic cells; as well as in signal transduction in endocardial and arterial endothelial cells.
messages: Phosphorylated in response to protein I/II and to LPS. Phosphorylation at Tyr-542 by SRC and by autocatalysis leads to activation and is required for STAT3 phosphorylation by BMX.
messages: SH2 domain mediates interaction with RUFY1.
messages: Specifically expressed in the endocardium of the developing heart as well as in the endocardium of the left ventricle and in the endothelium of large arteries in adult mice.
messages: TEK and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (FLT1) stimulate BMX tyrosine kinase activity. Activated by integrins through the mediation of PTK2/FAK1 (By similarity). Activated by TNF through the mediation of TNFRSF1B (By similarity).

10090:Ppp4c
gene id: 10090:Ppp4c
uniprot id: P97470
uniprot id: Q3UNF2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family.
messages: Belongs to the PPP phosphatase family. PP-4 (PP-X) subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Methylation at the C-terminal Leu-307 is critical for interactions with regulatory subunits and functions in DNA repair.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Protein phosphatase that is involved in many processes such as microtubule organization at centrosomes, maturation of spliceosomal snRNPs, apoptosis, DNA repair, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha signaling, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase MAPK8, regulation of histone acetylation, DNA damage checkpoint signaling, NF-kappa-B activation and cell migration. The PPP4C-PPP4R1 PP4 complex may play a role in dephosphorylation and regulation of HDAC3. The PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A PP4 complex specifically dephosphorylates H2AX phosphorylated on Ser-140 (gamma-H2AX) generated during DNA replication and required for DNA double strand break repair (By similarity). Dephosphorylates NDEL1 at CDK1 phosphorylation sites and negatively regulates CDK1 activity in interphase. In response to DNA damage, catalyzes RPA2 dephosphorylation, an essential step for DNA repair since it allows the efficient RPA2-mediated recruitment of RAD51 to chromatin (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits. Component of the PP4 complexes PPP4C-PPP4R1, PPP4C-PPP4R2, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3A, PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3B and PPP4C-PPP4R4. The PPP4C-PPP4R2 complex appears to be a tetramer composed of 2 molecules of PPP4C and 2 molecules of PPP4R2. Interacts with REL, NFKB1/p50 and RELA. Interacts with SMN1 and GEMIN4. Interacts with IRS4 (phosphorylated). Interacts with SMEK1/PPP4R3A; the interaction requires PP4R2. Interacts with HDAC3 (By similarity).
messages: centrosome

10090:Olfr1413
gene id: 10090:Olfr1413
uniprot id: Q8VGU3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Usp17lc
gene id: 10090:Usp17lc
uniprot id: G5E8I7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C19 family. USP17 subfamily.
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that removes conjugated ubiquitin from specific proteins to regulate different cellular processes (PubMed:8995226, PubMed:11443643). Important for preimplantation stage embryonic development (PubMed:22984479).
messages: Embryonic lethal, with no survival beyond embryonic stage E5.5. Blastocysts fail to hatch and there is significant apoptosis of the trophectoderm. Cell proliferation may also be impaired. Blastocysts at stage E3.5 appear to have normal morphology.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in T cells.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Rapidly up-regulated in response to the cytokine IL2.

10090:Vmn1r57
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r57
uniprot id: K7N731
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Uqcrfs1
gene id: 10090:Uqcrfs1
uniprot id: Q9CR68
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Rieske iron-sulfur protein family.
messages: Binds 1 [2Fe-2S] cluster per subunit. Fe-S cluster delivery to the Rieske protein is mediated by components of the iron sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly machinery that reside in the mitochondrial matrix (including HSC20 and LYRM7) (By similarity).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII), a multisubunit enzyme composed of 11 subunits. The complex is composed of 3 respiratory subunits cytochrome b, cytochrome c1 and Rieske protein UQCRFS1, 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, and 6 low-molecular weight protein subunits UQCRH/QCR6, UQCRB/QCR7, UQCRQ/QCR8, UQCR10/QCR9, UQCR11/QCR10 and subunit 9, the cleavage product of Rieske protein UQCRFS1 (By similarity). The complex exists as an obligatory dimer and forms supercomplexes (SCs) in the inner mitochondrial membrane with NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I, CI) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), resulting in different assemblies (supercomplex SCI(1)III(2)IV(1) and megacomplex MCI(2)III(2)IV(2)) (PubMed:19026783). Incorporation of the Rieske protein UQCRFS1 is the penultimate step in complex III assembly (By similarity). Interacts with TTC19, which is involved in the clearance of UQCRFS1 fragments (PubMed:28673544).
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII). Subunit 9 corresponds to the mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) of Rieske protein UQCRFS1. It is retained after processing and incorporated inside complex III, where it remains bound to the complex and localizes between the 2 core subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII). UQCRFS1 undergoes proteolytic processing once it is incorporated in the complex III dimer. One of the fragments, called subunit 9, corresponds to its mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS). The proteolytic processing is necessary for the correct insertion of UQCRFS1 in the complex III dimer, but the persistence of UQCRFS1-derived fragments may prevent newly imported UQCRFS1 to be processed and assembled into complex III and is detrimental for the complex III structure and function.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation. The respiratory chain contains 3 multisubunit complexes succinate dehydrogenase (complex II, CII), ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome b-c1 complex, complex III, CIII) and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV, CIV), that cooperate to transfer electrons derived from NADH and succinate to molecular oxygen, creating an electrochemical gradient over the inner membrane that drives transmembrane transport and the ATP synthase. The cytochrome b-c1 complex catalyzes electron transfer from ubiquinol to cytochrome c, linking this redox reaction to translocation of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with protons being carried across the membrane as hydrogens on the quinol. In the process called Q cycle, 2 protons are consumed from the matrix, 4 protons are released into the intermembrane space and 2 electrons are passed to cytochrome c. The Rieske protein is a catalytic core subunit containing a [2Fe-2S] iron-sulfur cluster. It cycles between 2 conformational states during catalysis to transfer electrons from the quinol bound in the Q(0) site in cytochrome b to cytochrome c1 (By similarity). Incorporation of UQCRFS1 is the penultimate step in complex III assembly (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Proteolytic processing is necessary for the correct insertion of UQCRFS1 in the complex III dimer. Several fragments are generated during UQCRFS1 insertion, most probably due to the endogenous matrix-processing peptidase (MPP) activity of the 2 core protein subunits UQCRC1/QCR1 and UQCRC2/QCR2, which are homologous to the 2 mitochondrial-processing peptidase (MPP) subunits beta-MPP and alpha-MPP respectively. The action of the protease is also necessary for the clearance of the UQCRFS1 fragments.
messages: Several peptides are generated during UQCRFS1 insertion (PubMed:28673544). According to some authors, the identification of the transit peptide as the subunit 9, does not necessary imply that it must be considered as a structural subunit of the complex III dimer as additional fragments from UQCRFS1 are also present (PubMed:28673544).
messages: The Rieske protein is a high potential 2Fe-2S protein.

10090:Clec14a
gene id: 10090:Clec14a
uniprot id: Q8VCP9
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Gtsf1l
gene id: 10090:Gtsf1l
uniprot id: Q9CWD0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0224 (FAM112) family.

10090:Bhlhe22
gene id: 10090:Bhlhe22
uniprot id: Q8C6A8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Brain-specific, with the highest expression in the cerebellum.
messages: Expressed at 11.5 dpc within the neuroblast layer (NBL) of the central retina. As retinogenesis progressed from central to peripheral retina from 12 dpc to 15.5 dpc, expression expanded to the entire retina with the majority of Bhlhb5+ cells being detected in the proliferating NBL. From 17.5 dpc to birth (P0), expression became restricted to the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and to the inner boundary of the NBL (INL; inner nuclear layer), presumably the newly formed ACL (amacrine cells). Predominantly expressed in post-mitotic cells in the developing retina. Expressed from 9.5 dpc in the neural tube, restricted to longitudinal ventral columns of neurons, extending from the hindbrain to the caudal spinal cord. In the developing cortex, at 12.5 dpc, expressed in the nascent cortical plate of the dorsal telencephalon (at protein level). During peak production of deep layer neurons between 12.5 and 13.5 dpc, restricted to postmigrational neurons, with no expression in the proliferative ventricular zone (VZ) or in migrating neurons. Between 15.5 and 17.5 dpc, when superficial layer neurons are generated, strongly expressed in the cortical plate and weakly in presumptive migrating neurons and in the subventricular zone (SVZ). Does not colocalize with proliferating progenitors in S or M phase in either the VZ or the SVZ; restricted to postmitotic glutamatergic projection neurons during neurogenesis. Not detected in cortical GABAergic interneurons or their extracortical sites of genesis, the medial and caudal ganglionic eminences (at protein level). Postnatally, down-regulation begins at the junction of the cingulate cortex and neocortex; by postnatal day 4 (P4), down-regulation well into the neocortex is observed anteriorly, with the exception of the most superficial layer. At P4, expressed in neocortical layers II, III, IV, and V. Within layer VI, expressed in only very rare scattered TBR1 negative neurons. Down-regulation continues from medial to lateral, exhibiting a marked…
messages: Inhibits DNA binding of TCF3/E47 homodimers and TCF3 (E47)/NEUROD1 heterodimers and acts as a strong repressor of Neurod1 and Myod-responsive genes, probably by heterodimerization with class a basic helix-loop-helix factors. Despite the presence of an intact basic domain, does not bind to DNA (By similarity). In the brain, may function as an area-specific transcription factor that regulates the postmitotic acquisition of area identities and elucidate the genetic hierarchy between progenitors and postmitotic neurons driving neocortical arealization. May be required for the survival of a specific population of inhibitory neurons in the superficial laminae of the spinal cord dorsal horn that may regulate pruritis. Seems to play a crucial role in the retinogenesis, in the specification of amacrine and bipolar subtypes. Forms with PRDM8 a transcriptional repressor complex controlling genes involved in neural development and neuronal differentiation (PubMed:22284184).
messages: Interacts with PRDM8.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Null mice exhibits aberrant expression of brain area-specific genes and structural organization in the somatosensory and caudal motor cortices. In somatosensory cortex, vibrissal barrels display postsynaptic disorganization. In caudal motor cortex, anomalous differentiation of corticospinal motor neurons is observed, accompanied by failure of corticospinal tract formation. Mice also develop self-inflicted skin lesions and show significantly enhanced scratching responses to pruritic agents, due to the selective loss of a subset of spinal cord inhibitory interneurons.

10090:Col6a2
gene id: 10090:Col6a2
uniprot id: Q02788
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type VI collagen family.
messages: Collagen VI acts as a cell-binding protein.
messages: Highly expressed in adipose tissue, lung, adrenal glands and ovary. Lower levels in testis, tongue, skin, kidney, heart, intestine and spleen. No expression in skeletal muscle or liver.
messages: Membrane
messages: Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated in some or all of the chains.
messages: Trimers composed of three different chains: alpha-1(VI), alpha-2(VI), and alpha-3(VI) or alpha-4(VI) or alpha-5(VI) or alpha-6(VI). Interacts with CSPG4 (By similarity).
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Trim75
gene id: 10090:Trim75
uniprot id: Q3UWZ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: May play a role in female meiosis.
messages: spindle

10090:Olig3
gene id: 10090:Olig3
uniprot id: Q6PFG8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May determine the distinct specification program of class A neurons in the dorsal part of the spinal cord and suppress specification of class B neurons.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Restricted to the CNS. At 9.25 and 10.5 dpc, specifically expressed in the dorsal neural tube from the midbrain/hindbrain boundary to the spinal cord. At 10.5 dpc, expressed continuously from the upper rhombic lip to the tail. From 10.5 to 12.5 dpc, located in the most dorsal aspect of the spinal cord, excluding the roof plate, mainly in proliferating progenitor cells; quickly down-regulated in postmitotic neurons. At 11.5 dpc, 3 ventral expression clusters, corresponding to p3, p2 and p0 domains, transiently appear on the lateral margin of the subventricular zone, in addition to dorsal expression. At 14.5 dpc, weakly expressed in cells scattered in the mantle zone. Expression declines after 15.5 dpc. In the 11.5 dpc forebrain, expressed in the ventricular zone of the dorsal thalamus. In the 11.5 to 14.5 dpc hindbrain, dorsally expressed in the upper and lower rhombic lip, in the cerebellar neuroepithelium.
messages: Weakly expressed, mainly in non-neural tissues.

10090:Cdan1
gene id: 10090:Cdan1
uniprot id: Q8CC12
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal; embryos die before 7.5 days of gestation.
messages: Expressed ubiquitously during early embryogenesis.
messages: Interacts with ASF1A and ASF1B. Found in a cytosolic complex with ASF1A, ASF1B, IPO4 and histones H3.1 and H4.
messages: May act as a negative regulator of ASF1 in chromatin assembly.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed in adult mice, the highest levels can be measured in erythropoietic cells.

10090:Snapin
gene id: 10090:Snapin
uniprot id: Q9Z266
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SNAPIN family.
messages: Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. Plays a role in intracellular vesicle trafficking and synaptic vesicle recycling. May modulate a step between vesicle priming, fusion and calcium-dependent neurotransmitter release through its ability to potentiate the interaction of synaptotagmin with the SNAREs and the plasma-membrane-associated protein SNAP25. Its phosphorylation state influences exocytotic protein interactions and may regulate synaptic vesicle exocytosis. May also have a role in the mechanisms of SNARE-mediated membrane fusion in non-neuronal cells (PubMed:16760431, PubMed:19546860, PubMed:21998198). As part of the BORC complex may play a role in lysosomes movement and localization at the cell periphery. Associated with the cytosolic face of lysosomes, the BORC complex may recruit ARL8B and couple lysosomes to microtubule plus-end-directed kinesin motor (By similarity).
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 (BLOC-1) composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. Octamer composed of one copy each BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S4, BLOC1S5, BLOC1S6, DTNBP1/BLOC1S7 and SNAPIN/BLOC1S8. The BLOC-1 complex associates with the AP-3 protein complex and membrane protein cargos (PubMed:21998198). Component of the BLOC-one-related complex (BORC) which is composed of BLOC1S1, BLOC1S2, BORCS5, BORCS6, BORCS7, BORCS8, KXD1 and SNAPIN (By similarity). Associates with the SNARE complex. Interacts with CSNK1D, SNAP23 and STX4A but not with STX1A, VAMP2 and SYT1 (PubMed:12877659, PubMed:17101137). Interacts with SNAP25; the interaction with SNAP25 is increased by its phosphorylation (PubMed:10195194, PubMed:11283605). Interacts with CNTRL, NANOS1, PUM2 and RGS7. Interacts with TOR1A; the interaction is direct and associates SNAPIN with the CSN complex (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by PKD, phosphorylation controls SNAPIN protein stability (By similarity). Phosphorylated by CSNK1D/CK1.
messages: Strongly expressed in heart, brain, testis, kidney and liver; low expression in spleen, lung and skeletal muscle. In the testis, expressed in the seminiferous tubules.
messages: cytosol
messages: perinuclear region
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Cd2bp2
gene id: 10090:Cd2bp2
uniprot id: Q9CWK3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the U5 snRNP complex composed of the U5 snRNA and at least PRPF6, PRPF8, SNRNP200, EFTUD2, SNRNP40, DDX23, TXNL4A and CD2BP2. Interacts directly with TXNL4A and PRPF6. Interacts (via GYF domain) with CD2 (via Pro-rich sequence in the cytoplasmic domain). Interacts with PQBP1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the U5 snRNP complex that is involved in spliceosome assembly.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Inca1
gene id: 10090:Inca1
uniprot id: Q6PKN7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the INCA family.
messages: Binds to CDK2-bound cyclins and inhibits the kinase activity of CDK2; binding to cyclins is critical for its function as CDK inhibitor. Inhibits cell growth and proliferation and may play a role in cell cycle control (PubMed:21540187). Required for ING5-mediated regulation of S-phase progression, enhancement of Fas-induced apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth (PubMed:21750715).
messages: By serum starvation.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CCNA1 (PubMed:21540187). Identified in a complex with CCNA1 and CDK2 (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF16; the interaction inhibits INCA1 activity and induces the cell cycle process (By similarity). Interacts with SPACA9 (By similarity). Interacts with CCNA2, CCNB1 and CCNE1 (By similarity). Interacts with the CCNA1/CDK2 complex (PubMed:21540187). Interacts with ING5, DAZAP2, RNF26, USP15, SPOUT1, DPH7, TRIM26 and RAB5C (By similarity).
messages: Mice show increased CDK2 activity in spleen with disruption of the splenic architecture.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated when part of a complex with CCNA1 and CDK2.

10090:Slc25a24
gene id: 10090:Slc25a24
uniprot id: Q8BMD8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Calcium-dependent mitochondrial solute carrier. Mediates the reversible, electroneutral exchange of Mg-ATP or Mg-ADP against phosphate ions, catalyzing the net uptake or efflux of adenine nucleotides across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Nucleotide transport is inactive when cytosolic calcium levels are low, and is activated by an increase in cytosolic calcium levels. May play a role in protecting cells against oxidative stress-induced cell death, probably by promoting the formation of calcium-phosphate precipitates in the mitochondrial matrix, and thereby buffering calcium levels in the mitochondrial matrix (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: The N-terminal domain can bind calcium and regulates the ATP carrier activity of the transmembrane domain. The apo form of the N-terminal domain is intrinsically disordered and binds to the transmembrane domain, leading to inhibition of the ATP carrier activity. Calcium binding leads to a major conformation change and abolishes the interaction with the transmembrane domain and the inhibition of the ATP carrier activity (By similarity).

10090:Atl1
gene id: 10090:Atl1
uniprot id: Q8BH66
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class dynamin-like GTPase superfamily. GB1/RHD3 GTPase family. GB1 subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: GTPase tethering membranes through formation of trans-homooligomers and mediating homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Functions in endoplasmic reticulum tubular network biogenesis. May also regulate Golgi biogenesis. May regulate axonal development.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer as apoprotein and in the GDP-bound form. Homodimer in the GTP-bound form. Homooligomer. Interacts (via N-terminal region) with MAP4K4 (via CNH regulatory domain). Interacts with SPAST; interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with REEP5, RTN3 and probably RTN4 (via the transmembrane region) (PubMed:19665976). Interacts with REEP1. Interacts with CPT1C. Interacts with ARL6IP1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:24668814).
messages: axon

10090:Scara3
gene id: 10090:Scara3
uniprot id: Q8C850
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Seems to protect cells by scavenging oxidative molecules or harmful products of oxidation.

10090:Ndst1
gene id: 10090:Ndst1
uniprot id: Q3UHN9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.
messages: Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate (PubMed:11087757, PubMed:10758005, PubMed:10664446, PubMed:12590599, PubMed:12692154, PubMed:16020517, PubMed:16056228, PubMed:18337501). Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis (Probable). Plays a role in determining the extent and pattern of sulfation of heparan sulfate (Probable). Participates in biosynthesis of heparan sulfate that can ultimately serve as L-selectin ligands, thereby playing a role in inflammatory response (PubMed:16056228). Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan (By similarity).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inhibited by long N-sulfated sequences (more than 6 sugar residues) accumulating in its substrates heparan sulfate, and heparin.
messages: Mice survive until birth but are cyanotic and die neonatally in a condition resembling respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, a minor proportion of mice embryos die during the embryonic period. Mutant mice display cerebral hypoplasia and craniofacial defects, disturbed Ca(2+) kinetics in myotubes. They also display deficiencies L-selectin and chemokine-mediated neutrophil trafficking during inflammatory responses.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with heparan sulfate co-polymerase subunits EXT1 and EXT2.
messages: The presence of 4 different NDST enzymes in mammals, as well as differences in their enzyme activity suggest that some initiate heparan sulfate modification/sulfation reactions, whereas other later on fill in or extend already modified heparan sulfate sequences.
messages: Widely expressed in adult and throughout development.
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Eif3g
gene id: 10090:Eif3g
uniprot id: Q544H0
uniprot id: Q9Z1D1
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eIF-3 subunit G family.
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is composed of 13 subunits: EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3F, EIF3G, EIF3H, EIF3I, EIF3J, EIF3K, EIF3L and EIF3M. The eIF-3 complex appears to include 3 stable modules: module A is composed of EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3G and EIF3I; module B is composed of EIF3F, EIF3H, and EIF3M; and module C is composed of EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3K and EIF3L. EIF3C of module C binds EIF3B of module A and EIF3H of module B, thereby linking the three modules. EIF3J is a labile subunit that binds to the eIF-3 complex via EIF3B. The eIF-3 complex interacts with RPS6KB1 under conditions of nutrient depletion. Mitogenic stimulation leads to binding and activation of a complex composed of FRAP1 and RAPTOR, leading to phosphorylation and release of RPS6KB1 and binding of EIF4B to eIF-3. Interacts (via C-terminus) with AIFM1 (via N-terminus).
messages: Component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is composed of 13 subunits: EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3F, EIF3G, EIF3H, EIF3I, EIF3J, EIF3K, EIF3L and EIF3M. The eIF-3 complex appears to include 3 stable modules: module A is composed of EIF3A, EIF3B, EIF3G and EIF3I; module B is composed of EIF3F, EIF3H, and EIF3M; and module C is composed of EIF3C, EIF3D, EIF3E, EIF3K and EIF3L. EIF3C of module C binds EIF3B of module A and EIF3H of module B, thereby linking the three modules. EIF3J is a labile subunit that binds to the eIF-3 complex via EIF3B. The eIF-3 complex may interact with RPS6KB1 under conditions of nutrient depletion. Mitogenic stimulation may lead to binding and activation of a complex composed of MTOR and RPTOR, leading to phosphorylation and release of RPS6KB1 and binding of EIF4B to eIF-3. Interacts (via C-terminus) with AIFM1 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with DHX33; the interaction is independent of RNA (PubMed:26100019).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is enhanced upon serum stimulation.
messages: RNA-binding component of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex, which is required for several steps in the initiation of protein synthesis. The eIF-3 complex associates with the 40S ribosome and facilitates the recruitment of eIF-1, eIF-1A, eIF-2:GTP:methionyl-tRNAi and eIF-5 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC). The eIF-3 complex stimulates mRNA recruitment to the 43S PIC and scanning of the mRNA for AUG recognition. The eIF-3 complex is also required for disassembly and recycling of post-termination ribosomal complexes and subsequently prevents premature joining of the 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits prior to initiation. The eIF-3 complex specifically targets and initiates translation of a subset of mRNAs involved in cell proliferation, including cell cycling, differentiation and apoptosis, and uses different modes of RNA stem-loop binding to exert either translational activation or repression. This subunit can bind 18S rRNA.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Tet3
gene id: 10090:Tet3
uniprot id: A0A5K1VVP6
uniprot id: Q8BG87
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TET family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming during embryonic development.
messages: Dioxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of the modified genomic base 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and plays a key role in epigenetic chromatin reprogramming in the zygote following fertilization. Also mediates subsequent conversion of 5hmC into 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and conversion of 5fC to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Conversion of 5mC into 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC probably constitutes the first step in cytosine demethylation. Selectively binds to the promoter region of target genes and contributes to regulate the expression of numerous developmental genes. In zygotes, DNA demethylation occurs selectively in the paternal pronucleus before the first cell division, while the adjacent maternal pronucleus and certain paternally-imprinted loci are protected from this process. Participates in DNA demethylation in the paternal pronucleus by mediating conversion of 5mC into 5hmC, 5fC and 5caC. Does not mediate DNA demethylation of maternal pronucleus because of the presence of DPPA3/PGC7 on maternal chromatin that prevents TET3-binding to chromatin. In addition to its role in DNA demethylation, also involved in the recruitment of the O-GlcNAc transferase OGT to CpG-rich transcription start sites of active genes, thereby promoting histone H2B GlcNAcylation by OGT. Binds preferentially to DNA containing cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides over CpH (H=A, T, and C), hemimethylated-CpG and hemimethylated-hydroxymethyl-CpG (By similarity).
messages: Expressed maternally. Expressed at high levels in oocytes and zygotes, with rapidly declining levels at the two-cell stage.
messages: Highly expressed in oocytes and zygotes. Not expressed in embryonic stem cells (ES cells).
messages: Interacts with HCFC1 and OGT.
messages: Neonatal lethality. A germline-specific conditional knockout produces females that are normal in growth and morphology but display much reduced fecundity in terms of the frequency of successful pregnancy per mating and the litter size. No 5hmC signal is detected in the late male pronuclei of zygotes collected from the conditional knockout females mated with wild-type males. In contrast, deletion of Tet3 from the male germ cells does not seem to affect the change in 5hmC and 5mC.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Subsequent steps in cytosine demethylation are subject to discussion. According to a first model cytosine demethylation occurs through deamination of 5hmC into 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) and subsequent replacement by unmethylated cytosine by the base excision repair system. According to another model, cytosine demethylation is rather mediated via conversion of 5hmC into 5fC and 5caC, followed by excision by TDG.
messages: The CXXC-type zinc-finger domain mediates binding to DNA sequences containing unmethylated cytosine or 5-carboxylcytosine in 5'-CCG-3' DNA sequence motifs (PubMed:26774490). It mediates binding to CpG-DNA (By similarity).
messages: The zinc ions have a structural role.

10090:Hes7
gene id: 10090:Hes7
uniprot id: Q8BKT2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: By Notch-signaling.
messages: Dynamic expression in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). At 8.5 dpc, expressed in two bilateral domains: rostral and caudal stripes. The rostral bands are located posterior to the newly formed somite, while the caudal bands extend to the most caudal tip. During 9.0 dpc-12.0 dpc stages, again specifically expressed in two domains of the PSM.
messages: Has a particular type of basic domain which includes a helix-interrupting proline.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal WRPW motif is a transcriptional repression motif which is necessary for interaction with Groucho/TLE family members, transcriptional corepressors recruited to specific target DNA by Hairy-related proteins.
messages: Transcription repression requires formation of a complex with a corepressor protein of the Groucho/TLE family.
messages: Transcriptional repressor. Represses transcription from both N box- and E box-containing promoters. May with HES1, cooperatively regulate somite formation in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM). May function as a segmentation clock, which is essential for coordinated somite segmentation.

10090:Rhod
gene id: 10090:Rhod
uniprot id: P97348
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome
messages: Interacts with PAK5. Interacts (in GTP-bound form) with DAPK3, FILIP1 and WHAMM. Interacts (independent of GTP-loaded status) with ANKFY1.
messages: Involved in endosome dynamics. May coordinate membrane transport with the function of the cytoskeleton. Involved in the internalization and trafficking of activated tyrosine kinase receptors such as PDGFRB. Participates in the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton; the function seems to involve WHAMM and includes regulation of filopodia formation and actin filament bundling. Can modulate the effect of DAPK3 in reorganization of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dissolution.
messages: Widely expressed.

10090:Fam171b
gene id: 10090:Fam171b
uniprot id: Q14CH0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FAM171 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Lce1e
gene id: 10090:Lce1e
uniprot id: Q9D139
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the LCE family.

10090:Cyp11b1
gene id: 10090:Cyp11b1
uniprot id: Q3TG86
uniprot id: Q3UQH5
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

10090:Stk32c
gene id: 10090:Stk32c
uniprot id: Q8QZV4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family.

10090:Rnf14
gene id: 10090:Rnf14
uniprot id: Q9JI90
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RBR family. RNF14 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBE2E1 and UBE2E2. Interacts with AR/androgen receptor; testosterone- and RNF6-regulated it promotes AR transcriptional activity.
messages: Lacks the His residue in the RING-type domain 2 that is one of the conserved features of the family.
messages: Members of the RBR family are atypical E3 ligases. They interact with the E2 conjugating enzyme UBE2L3 and function like HECT-type E3 enzymes: they bind E2s via the first RING domain, but require an obligate trans-thiolation step during the ubiquitin transfer, requiring a conserved cysteine residue in the second RING domain.
messages: Might act as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and then transfers it to substrates, which could be nuclear proteins. Could play a role as a coactivator for androgen- and, to a lesser extent, progesterone-dependent transcription (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: RING-type zinc finger-dependent and UBE2E2-dependent autoubiquitination.
messages: The N-terminal destruction box (D-box) could act as a recognition signal for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
messages: The RING-type zinc finger is essential for the interaction with UBE2E2.

10090:Clec4n
gene id: 10090:Clec4n
uniprot id: Q9JKF4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A short stretch of the intracellular domain (AA 8-14) proximal to the transmembrane domain is required for association with Fc receptor gamma chain.
messages: Associated with FCER1G (PubMed:17050534). Heterodimer with CLEC4D; this heterodimer forms a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) against fungal infection (By similarity).
messages: Calcium-dependent lectin that acts as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) of the innate immune system: specifically recognizes and binds alpha-mannans on C.albicans hypheas (PubMed:17050534, PubMed:19703985, PubMed:20493731). Binding of C.albicans alpha-mannans to this receptor complex leads to phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) of FCER1G, triggering activation of SYK, CARD9 and NF-kappa-B, consequently driving maturation of antigen-presenting cells and shaping antigen-specific priming of T-cells toward effector T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 cell subtypes (PubMed:17050534, PubMed:19703985, PubMed:20493731, PubMed:32358020). Recognizes also, in a mannose-dependent manner, allergens from house dust mite and fungi, by promoting cysteinyl leukotriene production (PubMed:19124755). Recognizes soluble elements from the eggs of Shistosoma mansoni altering adaptive immune responses (PubMed:21059925).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Deficient mice are healthy, fertile, with normal lymphoid cells, but show reduced survival after intravenous Candida albicans infection (PubMed:20493731). In deficient mice fungal burden is higher in kidneys of mutant and in response to yeast antigen inflammatory cytokines and Th17 cells are reduced (PubMed:20493731).
messages: Expressed by the XS52 DC (dendritic cell) line (at protein level). Expressed constitutively by the epidermis, and skin resident DC appear to be the major source of this expression. Expressed in the spleen and thymus. Expression was undetectable in non-DC lines, including macrophage lines (J774 and Raw), T-cell lines (7-17, HDK-1, and D10), B-cell hybridoma (5C5), a keratinocyte line (Pam 212), and a fibroblast line (NS01).

10090:Krtap24-1
gene id: 10090:Krtap24-1
uniprot id: G3X9A2
uniprot id: Q8CAZ5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PMG family.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Fgf10
gene id: 10090:Fgf10
uniprot id: O35565
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Expressed abundantly in embryos and the lung, and at much lower levels in brain and heart.
messages: Interacts with FGFR1 and FGFR2. Interacts with FGFBP1 (By similarity).
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation and cell differentiation. Required for normal branching morphogenesis. May play a role in wound healing.
messages: Secreted

10090:Lrp2bp
gene id: 10090:Lrp2bp
uniprot id: Q9D4C6
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with LRP2.
messages: May act as an adapter that regulates LRP2 function.

10090:Sf1
gene id: 10090:Sf1
uniprot id: D3YZC9
uniprot id: D3YZD0
uniprot id: E9Q4Q2
uniprot id: Q3TZI3
uniprot id: Q3UI45
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the BBP/SF1 family.
messages: Necessary for the splicing of pre-mRNA. Has a role in the recognition of the branch site (5'-UACUAAC-3'), the pyrimidine tract and the 3'-splice site at the 3'-end of introns.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Trmt61a
gene id: 10090:Trmt61a
uniprot id: Q80XC2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. TRM61 family.
messages: Catalytic subunit of tRNA (adenine-N(1)-)-methyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of N(1)-methyladenine at position 58 (m1A58) in initiator methionyl-tRNA. Catalytic subunit of mRNA N(1)-methyltransferase complex, which mediates methylation of adenosine residues at the N(1) position of a small subset of mRNAs: N(1) methylation takes place in tRNA T-loop-like structures of mRNAs and is only present at low stoichiometries.
messages: Heterotetramer; composed of two copies of TRMT6 and two copies of TRMT61A.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dipk1c
gene id: 10090:Dipk1c
uniprot id: Q8BQT2
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Among the many cysteines in the lumenal domain, most are probably involved in disulfide bonds.
messages: Belongs to the DIPK family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mainly expressed in the brain and eye, some expression in kidney and skeletal muscle.

10090:Il12b
gene id: 10090:Il12b
uniprot id: P43432
uniprot id: Q3ZAX5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with IL23A to form the IL-23 interleukin, a heterodimeric cytokine which functions in innate and adaptive immunity. IL-23 may constitute with IL-17 an acute response to infection in peripheral tissues. IL-23 binds to a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of IL12RB1 and IL23R, activates the Jak-Stat signaling cascade, stimulates memory rather than naive T-cells and promotes production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-23 induces autoimmune inflammation and thus may be responsible for autoimmune inflammatory diseases and may be important for tumorigenesis.
messages: Belongs to the IL-12B family.
messages: Cytokine that can act as a growth factor for activated T and NK cells, enhance the lytic activity of NK/lymphokine-activated killer cells, and stimulate the production of IFN-gamma by resting PBMC.
messages: Heterodimer with IL12A; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12. Heterodimer with IL23A; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-23. Also secreted as a monomer.
messages: Heterodimer with IL12A; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-12. Heterodimer with IL23A; disulfide-linked. The heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-23. Also secreted as a monomer. Interacts with NBR1; this interaction promotes IL-12 secretion (PubMed:34374750).
messages: Secreted

10090:Actl9
gene id: 10090:Actl9
uniprot id: Q8CG27
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the actin family.
messages: Interacts with ACTL7A.
messages: Testis-specic protein that plays an important role in fusion of proacrosomal vesicles and perinuclear theca formation.
messages: acrosome
messages: perinuclear theca

10090:Hmmr
gene id: 10090:Hmmr
uniprot id: Q00547
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell surface
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ANKRD26 (By similarity). Interacts with DYNLL1 (By similarity). Interacts with FAM83D/CHICA (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) (PubMed:1376732). Involved in cell motility (PubMed:1376732). When hyaluronan binds to HMMR, the phosphorylation of a number of proteins, including the PTK2/FAK1 occurs. May also be involved in cellular transformation and metastasis formation, and in regulating extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. May act as a regulator of adipogenesis (PubMed:22666460).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed.
messages: spindle

10090:Gpha2
gene id: 10090:Gpha2
uniprot id: A2RSW3
uniprot id: Q925Q5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit alpha family.
messages: Functions as a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone with GPHB5 able to bind and activate the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), leading to increased cAMP production. Plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism.
messages: Heterodimer with GPHB5; this heterodimer interacts with thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), and hence stimulates cAMP production.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Stfa3
gene id: 10090:Stfa3
uniprot id: P35173
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: This is an intracellular thiol proteinase inhibitor.

10090:Aplp2
gene id: 10090:Aplp2
uniprot id: Q06335
uniprot id: Q60709
uniprot id: Q64348
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with CPEB1. Interacts (via NPXY motif) with DAB2 (via PID domain); the interaction is impaired by tyrosine phosphorylation of the NPXY motif. Interacts (via cytoplasmic domain) with APBB2/FE65L (By similarity). Interacts (via intracellular domain) with APBB3/FE65L2 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May play a role in the regulation of hemostasis. The soluble form may have inhibitory properties towards coagulation factors. May interact with cellular G-protein signaling pathways. May bind to the DNA 5'-GTCACATG-3'(CDEI box). Inhibits trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, factor XIA and plasma and glandular kallikrein (By similarity). Modulates the Cu/Zn nitric oxide-catalyzed autodegradation of GPC1 heparan sulfate side chains in fibroblasts.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ralyl
gene id: 10090:Ralyl
uniprot id: Q8BTF8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the RRM HNRPC family. RALY subfamily.

10090:Cd55
gene id: 10090:Cd55
uniprot id: Q61475
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the receptors of complement activation (RCA) family.
messages: Brain, secretory epithelia, skeletal muscle, liver, testes, thymus, spleen and lymph node.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: The first Sushi domain (SCR1) is not necessary for function. SCR2 and SCR4 provide the proper conformation for the active site on SCR3 (By similarity).
messages: This protein recognizes C4b and C3b fragments that condense with cell-surface hydroxyl or amino groups when nascent C4b and C3b are locally generated during C4 and c3 activation. Interaction of daf with cell-associated C4b and C3b polypeptides interferes with their ability to catalyze the conversion of C2 and factor B to enzymatically active C2a and Bb and thereby prevents the formation of C4b2a and C3bBb, the amplification convertases of the complement cascade. Inhibits complement activation by destabilizing and preventing the formation of C3 and C5 convertases, which prevents complement damage.

10090:Ppie
gene id: 10090:Ppie
uniprot id: Q9QZH3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase E subfamily.
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Component of the XAB2 complex, a multimeric protein complex composed of XAB2, PRPF19, AQR, ZNF830, ISY1, and PPIE. Identified in a pentameric intron-binding (IB) complex composed of AQR, XAB2, ISY1, ZNF830 and PPIE that is incorporated into the spliceosome as a preassembled complex. The IB complex does not contain PRPF19. Interacts (via RNA-binding domain) with KMT2A (via the third PHD-type zinc-finger).
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Combines RNA-binding and PPIase activities. Binds mRNA and has a preference for single-stranded RNA molecules with poly-A and poly-U stretches, suggesting it binds to the poly(A)-region in the 3'-UTR of mRNA molecules. Catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in proteins. Inhibits KMT2A activity; this requires proline isomerase activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The RRM domain mediates both interaction with RNA and with KMT2A (via the third PHD-type zinc-finger), but has much higher affinity for the KMT2A PHD-type zinc-finger.

10090:Olfr847
gene id: 10090:Olfr847
uniprot id: Q8VFF4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Zfp184
gene id: 10090:Zfp184
uniprot id: Q7TSH9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Adipor2
gene id: 10090:Adipor2
uniprot id: Q53YY3
uniprot id: Q8BQS5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ADIPOR family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in liver and quadriceps muscle (at protein level) (PubMed:17327425). Highly expressed in liver (PubMed:12802337). Highly expressed in white adipose tissue, and at intermediate levels in brown adipose tissue (PubMed:24742672). Expressed at intermediate level in heart, kidney, lung and skeletal muscle. Weakly expressed in brain, spleen and testis.
messages: May form homooligomers and heterooligomers with ADIPOR1 (By similarity). Interacts with APPL2 (via BAR domain); ADIPOQ dissociates this interaction (PubMed:19661063).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are viable and fertile, and display increased glucose tolerance (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17068142, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672). On a high fat diet, they have lower fasting insulin levels than wild-type (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:24742672). Mutant mice have lower plasma cholesterol levels on a high fat diet, and possibly also on normal chow (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17068142). The precise phenotype may depend on the experimental details and on genotype. Male and female mutant mice are somewhat leaner than wild-type on standard chow and do not display increased weight gain on a high fat diet (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:24742672). Mutant mice have normal body weight on standard chow, but decreased weight gain on a high-fat diet (PubMed:17068142). Female mutant mice display lower total body fat than wild-type on a high fat diet (PubMed:17327425). Both male and female mice have reduced levels of white and brown adipose tissue relative to wild-type (PubMed:17327425). Mutant male mice display decreased testis weight, atrophy of the seminiferous tubules and aspermia (PubMed:17327425). Both male and female mice display increased brain weight relative to wild-type (PubMed:17327425). Mutant mice have increased locomotor activity and increased energy expenditure on a high fat diet (PubMed:17327425). Mutant mice display impaired revascularization, limb retraction, atrophy and necrosis in response to limb ischemia caused by severing the femoral artery (PubMed:24742672). Hepatocytes from mice lacking both Adipor1 and Adipor2 show loss of adiponectin binding and lack of adiponectin-mediated activation of AMPK and Ppara (PubMed:17268472). Mice lacking both Adipor1 and Adipor2 display elevated glucose and insulin levels in blood plasma, indicative of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (PubMed:17268472).
messages: Receptor for ADIPOQ, an essential hormone secreted by adipocytes that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17068142, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672). Required for normal body fat and glucose homeostasis (PubMed:17327425, PubMed:17068142, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672). ADIPOQ-binding activates a signaling cascade that leads to increased PPARA activity, and ultimately to increased fatty acid oxidation and glucose uptake (PubMed:12802337, PubMed:17268472, PubMed:24742672). Has intermediate affinity for globular and full-length adiponectin (PubMed:12802337). Required for normal revascularization after chronic ischemia caused by severing of blood vessels (PubMed:24742672).
messages: The N-terminus is cytoplasmic and the C-terminus is extracellular, contrary to what is observed for G-protein coupled receptors. Unlike G-protein coupled receptors, transmembrane helices are not kinked or tilted relative to the plane of the membrane.

10090:Acaca
gene id: 10090:Acaca
uniprot id: Q5SWU9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Consists of an N-terminal biotin carboxylation/carboxylase (BC) domain that catalyzes the ATP-dependent transient carboxylation of the biotin covalently attached to the central biotinyl-binding/biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain. The C-terminal carboxyl transferase (CT) domain catalyzes the transfer of the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA.
messages: Cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the first and rate-limiting step of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis (PubMed:20952656). This is a 2 steps reaction starting with the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain followed by the transfer of the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to acetyl-CoA (PubMed:20952656).
messages: Inhibited by phosphorylation (By similarity). Citrate promotes oligomerization of the protein into filaments that correspond to the most active form of the carboxylase (PubMed:20952656).
messages: Monomer, homodimer, and homotetramer (PubMed:20952656). Can form filamentous polymers (PubMed:20952656). Interacts in its inactive phosphorylated form with the BRCT domains of BRCA1 which prevents ACACA dephosphorylation and inhibits lipid synthesis (PubMed:12360400). Interacts with MID1IP1; interaction with MID1IP1 promotes oligomerization and increases its activity (PubMed:20952656, PubMed:20457939).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-79 by AMPK inactivates enzyme activity.
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-1262 is required for interaction with BRCA1.
messages: The biotin cofactor is covalently attached to the central biotinyl-binding domain and is required for the catalytic activity.
messages: Up-regulated by endocannabinoid anandamide/AEA.
messages: cytosol

10090:Vmn2r87
gene id: 10090:Vmn2r87
uniprot id: E9PZX4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr1282
gene id: 10090:Olfr1282
uniprot id: Q7TQY5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Slc4a8
gene id: 10090:Slc4a8
uniprot id: Q8JZR6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the anion exchanger (TC 2.A.31) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the hippocampal neurons (at protein level). Highly expressed in brain with lower levels in lung, kidney and heart. In the kidney, there is high expression in the inner medulla, localized to the inner medullary collecting duct. In the brain, there seems to be three transcripts each having a different expression pattern. The smaller 3kb transcript has highest expression levels in the thalamus and the largest 9.5kb transcript has highest levels in the substantia nigra. The middle transcript of 4.4kb, which is also the main transcript in kidney, is highly expressed in thalamus. Hence, the highest levels are observed in the thalamus, amygdala and caudate nucleus and very low expression was seen in the corpus callosum.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Mediates electroneutral sodium- and carbonate-dependent chloride-HCO3(-) exchange with a Na(+):HCO3(-) stoichiometry of 2:1 (PubMed:20389022). Plays a major role in pH regulation in neurons (PubMed:21593314). Mediates sodium reabsorption in the renal cortical collecting ducts (PubMed:20389022).
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Bpifa1
gene id: 10090:Bpifa1
uniprot id: P97361
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BPI/LBP/Plunc superfamily. Plunc family.
messages: Detected in airway epithelia (trachea and lung) and in bronchoalveolar fluid (at protein level). Upper airways, nasopharyngeal epithelium and thymus. Highest expression in the trachea and progressive decrease from proximal (bronchial) to distal (bronchiolar) airways. No expression is detected in the terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles or lung alveoli.
messages: First detected at 14.5 dpc in the nasopharyngeal epithelium and persists there into adulthood. In the thymus, weak expression is detected at 16.5 dpc and appears to be restricted to epithelial cells lining the medullary venules. This pattern of thymic expression persists until birth and into early postnatal life but is greatly decreased in the adult thymus. No expression is detected in the lung until 2 days after birth, after which expression is detected in cells lining the trachea.
messages: Lipid-binding protein which shows high specificity for the surfactant phospholipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) (By similarity). Plays a role in the innate immune responses of the upper airways (PubMed:23499554). Reduces the surface tension in secretions from airway epithelia and inhibits the formation of biofilm by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, such as P.aeruginosa and K.pneumoniae (PubMed:23499554). Negatively regulates proteolytic cleavage of SCNN1G, an event that is required for activation of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), and thereby contributes to airway surface liquid homeostasis and proper clearance of mucus (By similarity). Plays a role in the airway inflammatory response after exposure to irritants (By similarity). May attract macrophages and neutrophils (By similarity).
messages: Monomer. Interacts (via N-terminus) with SCNN1B, a subunit of the heterotrimeric epithelial sodium channel (ENaC); this inhibits proteolytic activation of ENaC (By similarity).
messages: Reported to bind to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. However, the in vivo significance of this is uncertain since other studies indicate little or no specificity for LPS.
messages: Secreted

10090:Rnf151
gene id: 10090:Rnf151
uniprot id: Q9CQ29
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis. Expressed in round spermatids of the stages VII-VIII semniniferous tubules. Expressed in elongating spermatids of stages VIII-IX seminiferous tubules (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with DTNBP1.
messages: May be involved in acrosome formation of spermatids.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gimap1
gene id: 10090:Gimap1
uniprot id: Q3TFI6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class TrmE-Era-EngA-EngB-Septin-like GTPase superfamily. AIG1/Toc34/Toc159-like paraseptin GTPase family. IAN subfamily.

10090:Mup22
gene id: 10090:Mup22
uniprot id: Q4FZE8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mylk3
gene id: 10090:Mylk3
uniprot id: Q3UIZ8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Kinase that phosphorylates MYL2 in vitro (PubMed:18202317, PubMed:17885681). Has been proposed to be calmodulin-dependent (PubMed:17885681), although MYL2 phosphorylation has also been observed in the presence or absence of calmodulin (PubMed:18202317). Promotes sarcomere formation in cardiomyocytes and increases cardiomyocyte contractility (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues.
messages: Restricted to cardiomyocytes (at protein level). Down-regulated in heart after experimental myocardial infarction at the protein level; no significant changes at the mRNA level.
messages: Up-regulated in the heart from 10.5 dpc to neonates and further increased in adults. Down-regulated in aged hearts (at protein level).

10090:Vmn1r208
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r208
uniprot id: Q8R275
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Yes1
gene id: 10090:Yes1
uniprot id: Q04736
uniprot id: Q3TJI7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. SRC subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with YAP1. Interacts with FASLG. Interacts with CTNND1; this interaction allows YES1-mediated activation of FYN and FER and subsequent phosphorylation of CTNND1 (By similarity). Interacts with CSF1R. Interacts with IL6ST/gp130 (By similarity).
messages: Mice are viable, fertile, and display no apparent phenotypes. This lack of phenotype may be attributable to compensatory roles of the other SRC-family members.
messages: Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell growth and survival, apoptosis, cell-cell adhesion, cytoskeleton remodeling, and differentiation. Stimulation by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including EGRF, PDGFR, CSF1R and FGFR leads to recruitment of YES1 to the phosphorylated receptor, and activation and phosphorylation of downstream substrates. Upon EGFR activation, promotes the phosphorylation of PARD3 to favor epithelial tight junction assembly. Participates in the phosphorylation of specific junctional components such as CTNND1 by stimulating the FYN and FER tyrosine kinases at cell-cell contacts. Upon T-cell stimulation by CXCL12, phosphorylates collapsin response mediator protein 2/DPYSL2 and induces T-cell migration. Participates in CD95L/FASLG signaling pathway and mediates AKT-mediated cell migration. Plays a role in cell cycle progression by phosphorylating the cyclin dependent kinase 4/CDK4 thus regulating the G1 phase. Also involved in G2/M progression and cytokinesis (By similarity).
messages: Palmitoylation at Cys-3 promotes membrane localization.
messages: Phosphorylation by CSK on the C-terminal tail maintains the enzyme in an inactive state. Autophosphorylation at Tyr-424 maintains enzyme activity by blocking CSK-mediated inhibition (By similarity).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytosol

10090:Tmem94
gene id: 10090:Tmem94
uniprot id: A0A668KL57
uniprot id: Q7TSH8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Deficient mice are embryonic lethal and exhibit craniofacial defects, cardiac abnormalities, and abnormal neuronal migration in the central nervous system.
messages: Membrane

10090:Defa3
gene id: 10090:Defa3
uniprot id: P28310
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: Paneth cells of the small bowel.
messages: Probably contributes to the antimicrobial barrier function of the small bowel mucosa.
messages: Secreted

10090:Eefsec
gene id: 10090:Eefsec
uniprot id: Q9JHW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. SelB subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Translation factor necessary for the incorporation of selenocysteine into proteins. It probably replaces EF-Tu for the insertion of selenocysteine directed by the UGA codon. SelB binds GTP and GDP.

10090:Ext2
gene id: 10090:Ext2
uniprot id: P70428
uniprot id: Q3UDB5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 47 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in early stages of embryonic development.
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and testis. Heart shows a high expression.
messages: Forms a homo/heterooligomeric complex with EXT1. Interacts with GALNT5. Interacts with NDST1.
messages: Glycosyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of heparan-sulfate. The EXT1/EXT2 complex possesses substantially higher glycosyltransferase activity than EXT1 or EXT2 alone. Appears to be a tumor suppressor. Required for the exosomal release of SDCBP, CD63 and syndecan.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Spop
gene id: 10090:Spop
uniprot id: Q6ZWS8
uniprot id: Q9DBZ2
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Tdpoz family.
messages: Component of a cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading most often to their proteasomal degradation. The cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex containing homodimeric SPOP has higher ubiquitin ligase activity than the complex that contains the heterodimer formed by SPOP and SPOPL (By similarity). In complex with CUL3, involved in ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of BRMS1, DAXX, PDX1/IPF1, GLI2 and GLI3. In complex with CUL3, involved in ubiquitination of MACROH2A1 and BMI1; this does not lead to their proteasomal degradation. Inhibits transcriptional activation of PDX1/IPF1 targets, such as insulin, by promoting PDX1/IPF1 degradation. Involved in the regulation of bromodomain and extra-terminal motif (BET) proteins BRD2, BRD3, BRD4 stability (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer and homooligomer. Heterodimer with SPOPL. Each dimer interacts with two CUL3 molecules. Part of cullin-RING-based BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes that contain CUL3 and homodimeric SPOP, or the heterodimer formed by SPOP and SPOPL, plus a target protein, such as MACROH2A1, PDX1/IPF1, BMI1, BRMS1 and DAXX (By similarity). Interacts with MACROH2A1, PDX1/IPF1, GLI2 and GLI3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: The BTB (POZ) domain mediates dimerization and interaction with CUL3.
messages: The MATH domain mediates interaction with protein-ubiquitin ligase substrates, such as MACROH2A1 and BMI1.
messages: Widely expressed, mainly in pancreas and in particular in adult pancreatic insulin-producing beta cells and in a subset of exocrine acinar and duct cells.

10090:Nucb1
gene id: 10090:Nucb1
uniprot id: A0A1C7CYU3
uniprot id: Q02819
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the nucleobindin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Discovered as DNA-binding protein in the serum of lupus-prone mice.
messages: Interacts (via GBA motif) with guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) alpha subunits GNAI1, GNAI2 and GNAI3 with higher affinity for GNAI1 and GNAI3 than for GNAI2. Preferentially interacts with inactive rather than active GNAI3. Interaction with GNAI3 is inhibited when NUCB1 binds calcium, probably due to a conformational change which renders the GBA motif inaccessible.
messages: Lymphoid cells as well as other somatic cells, such as liver and kidney cells.
messages: Major calcium-binding protein of the Golgi which may have a role in calcium homeostasis (By similarity). Acts as a non-receptor guanine nucleotide exchange factor which binds to and activates alpha subunits of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) (By similarity).
messages: Secreted
messages: The EF-hand domains are unfolded in the absence of Ca(2+) and fold upon Ca(2+) addition.
messages: The GBA (G-alpha binding and activating) motif mediates binding to the alpha subunits of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins).
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Zbtb4
gene id: 10090:Zbtb4
uniprot id: Q5F293
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in adult and aged myogenic satellite cells.
messages: Interacts with HIPK2. Interacts with CBFA2T3. Interacts with ZBTB38.
messages: Not expressed during development, is induced during establishment of satellite cells and acquisition of quiescence.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated by HIPK2. This phosphorylation reduces stability and triggers ZBTB4 protein degradation in response to DNA damage.
messages: Transcriptional repressor with bimodal DNA-binding specificity. Represses transcription in a methyl-CpG-dependent manner. Binds with a higher affinity to methylated CpG dinucleotides in the consensus sequence 5'-CGCG-3' but can also bind to the non-methylated consensus sequence 5'-CTGCNA-3' also known as the consensus kaiso binding site (KBS). Can also bind specifically to a single methyl-CpG pair and can bind hemimethylated DNA but with a lower affinity compared to methylated DNA. Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, may be involved in the regulation of satellite cells self-renewal (PubMed:27446912).

10090:Sgf29
gene id: 10090:Sgf29
uniprot id: Q9DA08
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SGF29 family.
messages: Chromatin reader component of some histone acetyltransferase (HAT) SAGA-type complexes like the TFTC-HAT, ATAC or STAGA complexes (By similarity). SGF29 specifically recognizes and binds methylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me), with a preference for trimethylated form (H3K4me3) (By similarity). In the SAGA-type complexes, SGF29 is required to recruit complexes to H3K4me (By similarity). Involved in the response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by recruiting the SAGA complex to H3K4me, thereby promoting histone H3 acetylation and cell survival (By similarity). Also binds non-histone proteins that are methylated on Lys residues: specifically recognizes and binds CGAS monomethylated on 'Lys-491' (PubMed:35210392).
messages: Interacts with dimethylated and trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3), with a preference for the trimethylated form (H3K4me3) (By similarity). Component of some SAGA-type complexes. Component of the ADA2A-containing complex (ATAC), composed of KAT14, KAT2A, TADA2L, TADA3L, ZZ3, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2, CCDC101 and DR1 (By similarity). Interacts with (methylated) CGAS (PubMed:35210392). Interacts with TADA3L, GCN5L2, SUPT3H and MYC (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The SGF29 C-terminal (also named tudor-like) domain mediates binding to methylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me).

10090:Rgs12
gene id: 10090:Rgs12
uniprot id: D3Z0G5
uniprot id: E9Q1K7
uniprot id: E9Q652
uniprot id: Q8CGE9
uniprot id: Q9D677
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain.
messages: Expressed in germinal vesicle oocyte, metaphase II oocyte and blastocyst (at protein level). Expressed in oocyte.
messages: Interacts with GNAI1, GNAI2 and GNAI3; the interactions are GDP-dependent.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form.
messages: Synapse
messages: The GoLoco domain is necessary for interaction with GNAI1, GNAI2 and GNAI3.
messages: dendrite

10090:Pnoc
gene id: 10090:Pnoc
uniprot id: B7ZMX9
uniprot id: Q543U6
uniprot id: Q64387
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.
messages: Blocks nociceptin action in pain transmission by inhibiting nociceptin-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia.
messages: Brain and spinal cord. Low levels in kidney and spleen.
messages: Has potent analgesic activity.
messages: In embryonic brain, first detected at day 14 and in postnatal brain, levels increase in day 1 and day 18. Levels decrease significantly in adults.
messages: Ligand of the opioid receptor-like receptor OPRL1. It may act as a transmitter in the brain by modulating nociceptive and locomotor behavior. May be involved in neuronal differentiation and development. When administered intracerebroventricularly, nociceptin induces hyperalgesia and decreases locomotor activity.
messages: Secreted
messages: Specific enzymatic cleavages at paired basic residues probably yield other active peptides besides nociceptin.
messages: The N-terminal domain contains 6 conserved cysteines thought to be involved in disulfide bonding and/or processing.

10090:Spata3
gene id: 10090:Spata3
uniprot id: Q9D9T6
names: Miscellaneous
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site and by intron retention.
messages: May be due to competing acceptor splice site.
messages: May be due to competing donor splice site.
messages: Strongly expressed in testis. Faintly expressed in epididymis, ovary, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, brain, epididymis, liver and skeletal muscle.

10090:Prss58
gene id: 10090:Prss58
uniprot id: Q8BW11
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Thr-195 is present instead of the conserved Ser which is expected to be an active site residue. It is therefore unsure if this protein has kept its catalytic activity.

10090:Ndc1
gene id: 10090:Ndc1
uniprot id: Q8VCB1
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the NDC1 family.
messages: Component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which plays a key role in de novo assembly and insertion of NPC in the nuclear envelope. Required for NPC and nuclear envelope assembly, possibly by forming a link between the nuclear envelope membrane and soluble nucleoporins, thereby anchoring the NPC in the membrane (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the NUP35/NUP53.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Olfr535
gene id: 10090:Olfr535
uniprot id: Q8VGL3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fxyd7
gene id: 10090:Fxyd7
uniprot id: P59648
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FXYD family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Drd5
gene id: 10090:Drd5
uniprot id: B2RQS5
uniprot id: Q8BLD9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which activate adenylyl cyclase.
messages: Membrane

10090:Aldob
gene id: 10090:Aldob
uniprot id: Q3TJ66
uniprot id: Q3UER1
uniprot id: Q91Y97
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.
messages: Homotetramer. Interacts with BBS1, BBS2, BBS4 and BBS7.
messages: In vertebrates, 3 forms of this ubiquitous glycolytic enzyme are found, aldolase A in muscle, aldolase B in liver and aldolase C in brain.
messages: centriolar satellite

10090:Rad54l
gene id: 10090:Rad54l
uniprot id: P70270
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated. Acetylation promotes interaction with BRD9, and subsequently with RAD54, which is essential for homologous recombination (HR).
messages: Belongs to the SNF2/RAD54 helicase family.
messages: Hardly detectable in most tissues. Dramatically increased in thymus, spleen and testis.
messages: Homohexamer (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with RAD51 (By similarity). Interacts with NAP1L1 (By similarity). Interacts with BRD9; this interaction orchestrates RAD51-RAD54 complex formation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-572 by NEK1 specifically in G2 phase allows efficient removal of RAD51 filaments from DNA.
messages: Plays an essential role in homologous recombination (HR) which is a major pathway for repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) gaps, and stalled or collapsed replication forks. Acts as a molecular motor during the homology search and guides RAD51 ssDNA along a donor dsDNA thereby changing the homology search from the diffusion-based mechanism to a motor-guided mechanism. Plays also an essential role in RAD51-mediated synaptic complex formation which consists of three strands encased in a protein filament formed once homology is recognized. Once DNA strand exchange occured, dissociates RAD51 from nucleoprotein filaments formed on dsDNA (By similarity). Deficiency also resulted in an increased frequency of end-to-end chromosome fusions involving telomeres compared to the controls, suggesting a putative role in telomere capping. Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR) represent the two major pathways of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair in eukaryotic cells. LIG4 and RAD54L cooperate to support cellular proliferation, repair spontaneous DSBs, and prevent chromosome and single chromatid aberrations (PubMed:10209103, PubMed:10757799, PubMed:12218123, PubMed:12531026, PubMed:12548566, PubMed:12897131, PubMed:15175260, PubMed:9108475).
messages: The nucleus of a mouse embryonic stem (ES) cell contains on average 2.4 x 10(5) molecules.

10090:Vmn1r230
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r230
uniprot id: Q8R2A2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Defa29
gene id: 10090:Defa29
uniprot id: Q9D815
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the alpha-defensin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Eipr1
gene id: 10090:Eipr1
uniprot id: Q8K0G5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a component of endosomal retrieval machinery that is involved in protein transport from early endosomes to either recycling endosomes or the trans-Golgi network (By similarity). Mediates the recruitment of Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex to the trans-Golgi network and controls early endosome-to-Golgi transport of internalized protein (By similarity). Promotes the recycling of internalized transferrin receptor (TFRC) to the plasma membrane through interaction with endosome-associated recycling protein (EARP) complex (By similarity). Controls proper insulin distribution and secretion, and retention of cargo in mature dense core vesicles (By similarity). Required for the stability of the endosome-associated retrograde protein (EARP) complex subunits and for proper localization and association of EARP with membranes (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat EIPR1 family.
messages: Interacts with two multisubunit tethering complexes: EARP composed of VPS50, VPS51, VPS52 and VPS53 subunits and GARP complex composed of VPS51, VPS52, VPS53 and VPS54 subunits. Interacts with SNAP29.
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Cyp2b23
gene id: 10090:Cyp2b23
uniprot id: E9Q593
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.
messages: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Microsome membrane

10090:Ube2s
gene id: 10090:Ube2s
uniprot id: Q921J4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. Catalyzes 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination. Acts as an essential factor of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis. Acts by specifically elongating 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2C/UBCH10 on APC/C substrates, enhancing the degradation of APC/C substrates by the proteasome and promoting mitotic exit. Also acts by elongating ubiquitin chains initiated by the E2 enzyme UBE2D1/UBCH5 in vitro; it is however unclear whether UBE2D1/UBCH5 acts as an E2 enzyme for the APC/C in vivo. Also involved in ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of VHL, resulting in an accumulation of HIF1A. In vitro able to promote polyubiquitination using all 7 ubiquitin Lys residues, except 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination.
messages: Autoubiquitinated by the APC/C complex during G1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Component of the APC/C complex, composed of at least 14 distinct subunits that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa. Within this complex, directly interacts with ANAPC2 and ANAPC4. Interacts with CDC20, FZR1/CDH1 and VHL.

10090:Vmn1r181
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r181
uniprot id: Q0P547
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Rnf40
gene id: 10090:Rnf40
uniprot id: Q3U319
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BRE1 family.
messages: Component of the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1). H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation (H3K4me and H3K79me, respectively). It thereby plays a central role in histone code and gene regulation. The RNF20/40 complex forms a H2B ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B; reports about the cooperation with UBE2E1/UBCH are contradictory. Required for transcriptional activation of Hox genes.
messages: Component of the RNF20/40 complex (also known as BRE1 complex) probably composed of 2 copies of RNF20/BRE1A and 2 copies of RNF40/BRE1B. Interacts with UBE2E1/UBCH6. Interacts with RB1 and WAC.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr214
gene id: 10090:Olfr214
uniprot id: Q8VG27
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Efemp2
gene id: 10090:Efemp2
uniprot id: G5E8D6
uniprot id: Q542X5
uniprot id: Q9WVJ9
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Aneurysm may be prevent with postnatal administration of ACE inhibitor and/or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).
messages: At E(15), found in the perichondrium of the developing bone. At E(14) detected in the lung parenchyma.
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Cleaved by ELANE; produces a 50-55 kDa fragment. Cleaved by MMP2 and MMP9; produces several fragments.
messages: Expressed in elastic fibers of the skin, near the dermal-epidermal junction, surrounding the hair follicles and throughout the dermis (PubMed:26178373). Expressed in tendon around tenocytes (PubMed:26711913). Prominently expressed in cartilage, bone, perichondrium and ligaments. Also detected in bone marrow stroma (PubMed:26690653). Expressed in aorta, lung, and esophagus (PubMed:17324935).
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked (By similarity). Multimer; allows heparin binding (By similarity). Monomer (PubMed:17324935). Binds preferentially to p53 mutants (PubMed:10380882). Interacts with FBN1 (via N-terminal domain); this interaction inhibits EFEMP2 binding to LOX and ELN (By similarity). Interacts with ELN with moderate affinity; this interaction regulates ELN self-assembly maturation stage (PubMed:16478991, PubMed:17324935). Interacts with PCOLCE (PubMed:26220971). Interacts with collagen type IV trimer (COL4A1-COL4A1-COL4A2), NID2 and moderately with COL15A1-derived endostatin (PubMed:17324935). Interacts with EMILIN1; this interaction promotes the incorporation of EFEMP2 into the extracellular matrix (PubMed:28717224). Interacts with LTBP4; the LTBP4 long form (LTBP4L) has a stronger binding affinity than the LTBP4 short form and the LTBP4 long form promotes fibrillar deposition of EFEMP2 (PubMed:25713297). Interacts with LOX (via propeptide); this interaction is strong and facilitates formation of ternary complexes with ELN during elastic fiber assembly; this interaction limits interaction of EFEMP2 with FBLN5 (By similarity). Interacts with PITX2 (By similarity). Interacts with FBLN5 with moderate affinity (By similarity). Interacts with LOXL1 (via propeptide), LTBP1 and TGFB1 stronger than with LOXL2 and LTBP3 (By similarity).
messages: Homozygous mice for the EFEMP2 gene appear to be outwardly normal (PubMed:16478991, PubMed:28508064). Homozygous mice exhibit severe lung and vascular defects including emphysema, artery tortuosity, irregularity, aneurysm, rupture, and resulting hemorrhages (PubMed:16478991, PubMed:19855011, PubMed:26178373, PubMed:28508064). Mice died perinatally (PubMed:16478991, PubMed:19855011). Mice with conditional knockout of EFEMP2, in vascular smooth muscle, grow normally, are fertile and exhibit an arterial stiffness (PubMed:19855011). Mice with conditional knockout of EFEMP2, in endothelial cell (EC) are healthy with an normal aorta (PubMed:20019329). Mice with conditional knockout of EFEMP2, in smooth muscle cells, die spontaneously at approximately 2 months of age despite absence of embryonic or neonatal lethality. Aortae exhibit large aneurysms exclusively in the ascending aorta. Aneurysms are observed with complete penetrance (PubMed:20019329, PubMed:26486174, PubMed:23636094, PubMed:26220971). Homozygous mice for the EFEMP2 gene die within 1-2 days after birth. Embryos at 19 dpc show bilateral forelimb contractures (PubMed:26711913, PubMed:26690653). Newborn homozygous mice demonstrate normal morphology of the skeleton (PubMed:26690653).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: N-glycosylated; contains mostly complex-type glycans. Not O-glycosylated.
messages: Plays a crucial role in elastic fiber formation in tissue, and in the formation of ultrastructural connections between elastic laminae and smooth muscle cells in the aorta, therefore participates in terminal differentiation and maturation of smooth muscle cell (SMC) and in the mechanical properties and wall integrity maintenance of the aorta (PubMed:16478991, PubMed:19855011, PubMed:20019329, PubMed:26486174, PubMed:26711913, PubMed:28508064). In addition, is involved in the control of collagen fibril assembly in tissue throught proteolytic activation of LOX leading to cross- linking of collagen and elastin (PubMed:26690653, PubMed:26711913, PubMed:26220971, PubMed:26178373). Also promotes ELN coacervation and participates in the deposition of ELN coacervates on to microfibrils but also regulates ELN cross- linking through LOX interaction (PubMed:17324935). Moreover adheres to the cells through heparin binding in a calcium-dependent manner and regulates vascularlar smooth muscle cells proliferation through angiotensin signaling (PubMed:23636094).
messages: basement membrane
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Phc2
gene id: 10090:Phc2
uniprot id: Q9QWH1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of a PRC1-like complex. Interacts with CBX4 (By similarity). Interacts with BMI1, PCGF2, PHC1 and RNF2 (PubMed:9627119, PubMed:16024804, PubMed:27827373). Interacts with CHTOP (PubMed:22872859). Interacts with the N-terminal region of the SP1 transcription factor and with MAPKAPK2 (By similarity).
messages: Component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development. PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones; it mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2A 'Lys-119', rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility.
messages: Detected at 11.5 dpc in the developing brain, in the ventricular zones of the cortex and ganglionic eminences as well as in adult, in mature structures such as the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus and cerebellum.
messages: HD1 motif interacts with SAM domain of PHC1.
messages: Isoform 2 is ubiquitously expressed in embryos and adult tissues at much higher level than isoform 1.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile but show posterior transformations of the axial skeleton and premature senescence of mouse embryonic fibroblast associated with derepression of Hox cluster genes and Cdkn2a genes, respectively. Mice lacking Phc2 and Phc1 die at an early gestational stage. Mice mutant for Phc1 and/or Phc2 demonstrate that Phc1 and Phc2 mutations affect synergistically the survival of embryos in a gene dosage-dependent manner and thus show functional redundancy of Phc1 and Phc2.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ndufa4l2
gene id: 10090:Ndufa4l2
uniprot id: Q4FZG9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the complex I NDUFA4 subunit family.

10090:Gm21319
gene id: 10090:Gm21319
uniprot id: F6YNI8
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eIF-1A family.
messages: Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.

10090:Olfr1309
gene id: 10090:Olfr1309
uniprot id: Q8VF83
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fbxl14
gene id: 10090:Fbxl14
uniprot id: Q8BID8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Part of a SCF (SKP1-cullin-F-box) ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Interacts with SKP1 and CUL1. Interacts with SNAI1; the interaction requires the phosphorylation of the two serine residues in the substrate destruction motif D-S-G-X(2,3,4)-S (By similarity).
messages: Substrate-recognition component of some (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein)-type E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. The SCF(FBXL14) complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of SNAI1 (By similarity).

10090:Emcn
gene id: 10090:Emcn
uniprot id: Q9R0H2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Endothelial sialomucin, also called endomucin or mucin-like sialoglycoprotein, which interferes with the assembly of focal adhesion complexes and inhibits interaction between cells and the extracellular matrix.
messages: Highly O-glycosylated. Sialic acid-rich glycoprotein.
messages: Highly expressed in heart and kidney, followed by brain, spleen, thymus, liver and lung. Exclusively expressed in endothelial cells.
messages: Membrane

10090:Riok3
gene id: 10090:Riok3
uniprot id: Q9DBU3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated (in vitro).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. RIO-type Ser/Thr kinase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CASP10. Interacts with IRF3; RIOK3 probably mediates the interaction of TBK1 with IRF3. Associated with 40S pre-ribosomal particles.
messages: Involved in regulation of type I interferon (IFN)-dependent immune response which plays a critical role in the innate immune response against DNA and RNA viruses. May act as an adapter protein essential for the recruitment of TBK1 to IRF3. Phosphorylates IFIH1 on 'Ser-828' interfering with IFIH1 filament assembly on long dsRNA and resulting in attenuated IFIH1-signaling. Can inhibit CASP10 isoform 7-mediated activation of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. May play a role in the biogenesis of the 40S ribosomal subunit. Involved in the processing of 21S pre-rRNA to the mature 18S rRNA.

10090:Tns4
gene id: 10090:Tns4
uniprot id: Q8BZ33
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PTEN phosphatase protein family.
messages: Binds to actin filaments and interacts with phosphotyrosine-containing proteins.
messages: May be involved in cell migration, cartilage development and in linking signal transduction pathways to the cytoskeleton. May promote apoptosis, via its cleavage by caspase-3. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: focal adhesion

10090:Dennd3
gene id: 10090:Dennd3
uniprot id: A2RT67
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms oligomers (PubMed:28249939). Interacts with 6 of the 7 known isoforms of 14-3-3 proteins (PubMed:25925668).
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activating Rab12. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab12 into its active GTP-bound form. Regulates autophagy in response to starvation through Rab12 activation (PubMed:24719330, PubMed:25925668, PubMed:28249939). Starvation leads to ULK1/2-dependent phosphorylation of Ser-554 and Ser-572, which in turn allows recruitment of 14-3-3 adapter proteins and leads to up-regulation of GEF activity towards Rab12 (PubMed:25925668). Also plays a role in protein transport from recycling endosomes to lysosomes, regulating, for instance, the degradation of the transferrin receptor and of the amino acid transporter PAT4 (PubMed:21718402, PubMed:24719330). Starvation also induces phosphorylation at Tyr-940, which leads to up-regulated GEF activity and initiates autophagy (PubMed:28249939).
messages: Inactive Dennd3 is found in a closed conformation, in which the linker region interacts with the DENN domain. Phosphorylation of Tyr-940 in the linker region intereferes with this interaction leading to an open conformation and enhances the GEF activity of the protein towards Rab12.

10090:Olfr623
gene id: 10090:Olfr623
uniprot id: E9Q382
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Asic4
gene id: 10090:Asic4
uniprot id: Q7TNS7
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel (TC 1.A.6) family. ASIC4 subfamily.
messages: Homotrimer or heterotrimer with other ASIC proteins.
messages: In vitro, has no proton-gated channel activity.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable cation channel with high affinity for sodium.

10090:Syt3
gene id: 10090:Syt3
uniprot id: O35681
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domains.
messages: Ca(2+) sensor involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain. Ca(2+) induces binding of the C2-domains to phospholipid membranes and to assembled SNARE-complexes; both actions contribute to triggering exocytosis. Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked via the cysteine motif (PubMed:10531343). Can also form heterodimers with SYT6, SYT9 and SYT10 (PubMed:10531343, PubMed:10531344).
messages: The cysteine motif mediates homo- or heterodimer formation via formation of disulfide bonds.
messages: The first C2 domain mediates Ca(2+)-dependent phospholipid binding.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Gcnt1
gene id: 10090:Gcnt1
uniprot id: Q09324
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family.
messages: Deficient mice show normal organogenesis and fertility. The loss of core 2 O-glycans on leukocytes is associated with leukocytosis and impaired neutrophil recruitment at the inflammatory site, while lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymphoid organs is not affected.
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, stomach, spleen, lung and brain.
messages: Glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the transfer of an N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moiety in beta1-6 linkage from UDP-GlcNAc onto mucin-type core 1 O-glycan to form the branched mucin-type core 2 O-glycan. The catalysis is metal ion-independent and occurs with inversion of the anomeric configuration of sugar donor (PubMed:9881978, PubMed:12954635, PubMed:22056345). Selectively involved in synthesis of mucin-type core 2 O-glycans that serve as scaffolds for the display of selectin ligand sialyl Lewis X epitope by myeloid cells, with an impact on homeostasis and recruitment to inflammatory sites (PubMed:9881978). Can also act on glycolipid substrates. Transfers GlcNAc moiety to GalGb4Cer globosides in a reaction step to the synthesis of stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1) determinant (PubMed:7983056). Can use Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha1-R and Galbeta1-3GalNAcbeta1-R oligosaccharide derivatives as acceptor substrates (PubMed:7983056).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Inactivated by thiol-reactive agents. Inhibited by free UDP.
messages: Interacts with GOLPH3; may control GCNT1 retention in the Golgi.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Polr2d
gene id: 10090:Polr2d
uniprot id: Q9D7M8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB4 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex consisting of 12 subunits. RPB4 and RPB7 form a subcomplex that protrudes from the 10-subunit Pol II core complex (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB4 is part of a subcomplex with RPB7 that binds to a pocket formed by RPB1, RPB2 and RPB6 at the base of the clamp element. The RBP4-RPB7 subcomplex seems to lock the clamp via RPB7 in the closed conformation thus preventing double-stranded DNA to enter the active site cleft. The RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex binds single-stranded DNA and RNA (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Snip1
gene id: 10090:Snip1
uniprot id: Q8BIZ6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of activated spliceosome complexes. Binds SMAD4 and CREBBP/EP300. Binds the SMAD1/OAZ1/PSMB4 complex. Interacts with DROSHA and SMARCA4. Component of the SNARP complex which consists at least of SNIP1, SNW1, THRAP3, BCLAF1 and PNN.
messages: Degraded by the proteasome upon binding to the SMAD1/OAZ1/PSMB4 complex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for pre-mRNA splicing as component of the spliceosome. Down-regulates NF-kappa-B signaling by competing with RELA for CREBBP/EP300 binding. Involved in the microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. May be involved in cyclin-D1/CCND1 mRNA stability through the SNARP complex which associates with both the 3'end of the CCND1 gene and its mRNA.

10090:Atp7b
gene id: 10090:Atp7b
uniprot id: Q64446
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IB subfamily.
messages: Copper ion transmembrane transporter involved in the export of copper out of the cells, such as the efflux of hepatic copper into the bile.
messages: Defects in Atp7b are the cause of the toxic milk mouse mutant (tx) phenotype, characterized by accumulation of copper in the liver in a manner similar to that observed in patients with Wilson disease.
messages: Detected in liver and kidney.
messages: Each HMA domain can bind a copper ion, they are tightly packed and closely interact with each other. Wild-type ATP7B can usually be loaded with an average 5.5 copper atoms per molecule (By similarity).
messages: Late endosome
messages: Monomer. Interacts with COMMD1/MURR1 (By similarity). Interacts with DCTN4, in a copper-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with ATOX1 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with ZBTB16/PLZF (By similarity).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Osgep
gene id: 10090:Osgep
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1Y3
uniprot id: Q3UQ67
uniprot id: Q8BWU5
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KAE1 / TsaD family.
messages: Binds 1 divalent metal cation per subunit.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least GON7, TP53RK, TPRKB, OSGEP and LAGE3; the whole complex dimerizes.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex composed of at least TP53RK, TPRKB, OSGEP and LAGE3; the whole complex dimerizes.
messages: Component of the EKC/KEOPS complex that is required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. The complex is probably involved in the transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl moiety of threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) to the N6 group of A37. OSGEP likely plays a direct catalytic role in this reaction, but requires other protein(s) of the complex to fulfill this activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mouse embryos display primary microcephaly characterized by significantly shorter cortex lengths, cortex-midbrain midline lengths and cortex widths. Mice do not show a renal phenotype.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Weakly expressed in 7, 11 and 17 day embryos. Expressed at a higher level in 15 day embryos.
messages: Widely expressed at low level. Expressed at intermediate level in lung. Weakly expressed in testis, skeletal muscle, kidney, liver, spleen, brain and heart.

10090:Capn9
gene id: 10090:Capn9
uniprot id: Q9D805
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Predominantly expressed in stomach and small intestine, although low levels of expression in other organs.

10090:Pbx4
gene id: 10090:Pbx4
uniprot id: Q99NE9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Almost exclusively expressed in testis.
messages: Belongs to the TALE/PBX homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in spermatocytes in the pachytene stage of the first meiotic prophase.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Slc6a1
gene id: 10090:Slc6a1
uniprot id: P31648
uniprot id: Q6PCX2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family.
messages: Belongs to the sodium:neurotransmitter symporter (SNF) (TC 2.A.22) family. SLC6A1 subfamily.
messages: Brain. Expressed in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus, striatum and cerebellum (at protein level).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Inhibited by N-[4,4-Diphenyl-3-butenyl]-nipecotic acid (SKF-89976-A), L-2,4-diamino-n-butyric acid, guvacine and nipecotic acid.
messages: Interacts (via PDZ domain-binding motif) with PALS1; interaction increases SLC6A1-mediated GABA uptake.
messages: Mediates transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) together with sodium and chloride and is responsible for the reuptake of GABA from the synapse (PubMed:15234345, PubMed:16150932, PubMed:8420981, PubMed:30270321). The translocation of GABA, however, may also occur in the reverse direction leading to the release of GABA (By similarity). The direction and magnitude of GABA transport is a consequence of the prevailing thermodynamic conditions, determined by membrane potential and the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of Na(+), Cl(-) and GABA (By similarity). Can also mediate sodium- and chloride-dependent transport of hypotaurine but to a much lower extent as compared to GABA (PubMed:30270321).
messages: Membrane
messages: Presynapse
messages: This protein is the target of psychomotor stimulants such as amphetamines or cocaine.

10090:Atf4
gene id: 10090:Atf4
uniprot id: Q06507
uniprot id: Q8CF69
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family.
messages: Binds DNA as a homodimer and as a heterodimer (PubMed:23624402). Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with CEBPB (PubMed:11018027). Heterodimer; heterodimerizes with DDIT3/CHOP (PubMed:23624402). Interacts with CEP290 (via an N-terminal region) (By similarity). Interacts with NEK6, DAPK2 (isoform 2) and ZIPK/DAPK3 (By similarity). Interacts (via its leucine zipper domain) with GABBR1 and GABBR2 (via their C-termini) (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with TXLNG in osteoblasts (PubMed:15911876). Interacts (via its DNA binding domain) with FOXO1 (C-terminal half); the interaction occurs in osteoblasts and regulates glucose homeostasis through suppression of beta-cell proliferation and a decrease in insulin production (PubMed:22298775). Interacts with SATB2; the interaction results in enhanced DNA binding and transactivation by these transcription factors (PubMed:16751105). Interacts with ABRAXAS2 (PubMed:22974638). Interacts with TRIB3, inhibiting the transactivation activity of ATF4 (PubMed:17369260). Interacts with DISC1; which inhibits ATF4 transcription factor activity by disrupting ATF4 dimerization and DNA-binding (PubMed:31444471). Interacts with EP300/p300; EP300/p300 stabilizes ATF4 and increases its transcriptional activity independently of its catalytic activity by preventing its ubiquitination (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During embryonic development, expressed at high levels in anterior epithelial lens cells at 14.5 dpc (PubMed:10885750). At 16.5 dpc, expressed in osteoblasts surrounding newly formed trabecular bone (PubMed:19232401). At postnatal day 2, detected in most osteoblasts and lining cells (PubMed:19232401). By postnatal week 4, is detected in fewer osteoblasts, but remains present in lining cells (at protein level) (PubMed:19232401).
messages: Hydroxylated by PHD3, leading to decreased protein stability.
messages: Mice were born at a much lower rate than predicted by the Mendelian ratio (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:10885750). Homozygous pups generally die during the first hour after birth, although excess mortality occurrs throughout the first 3 weeks of life (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:11806972). Embryos are severely anemic during fetal development, due to an impairment in definitive hematopoiesis (PubMed:11806972). Surviving mice display defects in embryonic lens formation leading to severe microphthalmia in adults (PubMed:10096021, PubMed:10885750). Embryos show delayed bone formation and surviving mice display low bone mass throughout postnatal life (PubMed:15109498). Surviving null mice exhibit an increase in serum insulin levels and low blood glucose levels (PubMed:22298775). There is a decrease in total fat content, gonadal fat, lean mass and body weight (PubMed:22298775). Serum levels of osteocalcin/BGLAP are decreased (PubMed:22298775). PBK/AKT1-mediated phosphorylation of FOXO1 at 'Ser-258' is increased with a subsequent decrease of FOXO1-mediated transcriptional activity (PubMed:22298775).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-251 by RPS6KA3/RSK2 in osteoblasts enhances transactivation activity and promotes osteoblast differentiation (PubMed:15109498). Phosphorylated on the betaTrCP degron motif at Ser-218, followed by phosphorylation at Thr-212, Ser-223, Ser-230, Ser-234 and Ser-247, promoting interaction with BTRC and ubiquitination (PubMed:23663782). Phosphorylation is promoted by mTORC1 (PubMed:23663782). Phosphorylation at Ser-214 by CK2 decreases its stability (By similarity). Phosphorylated by NEK6 (By similarity).
messages: Regulated at the translational level in response to various stress such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, amino acid starvation or oxidative stress (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446, PubMed:15277680, PubMed:21159964). In the absence of stress, ribosomes re-initiate translation at an inhibitory open reading frame (uORF) upstream of the ATF4 transcript, which precludes AFT4 translation (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:15277680). In response to stress and subsequent EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, ribosomes bypass the inhibitory uORF and re-initiate translation at the AFT4 coding sequence (PubMed:15277680). Expressed in a circadian manner in the midbrain with an increased expression seen during the dark phase (at protein level) (PubMed:21768648, PubMed:22572884). Expressed in a circadian manner also in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, cerebral cortex, kidney and small intestine (PubMed:21768648, PubMed:22572884).
messages: The BetaTrCP degron motif promotes binding to BTRC when phosphorylated.
messages: Transcription factor that binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3') and displays two biological functions, as regulator of metabolic and redox processes under normal cellular conditions, and as master transcription factor during integrated stress response (ISR) (PubMed:8506317, PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446, PubMed:23624402). Binds to asymmetric CRE's as a heterodimer and to palindromic CRE's as a homodimer (PubMed:8506317, PubMed:23624402). Core effector of the ISR, which is required for adaptation to various stress such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, amino acid starvation, mitochondrial stress or oxidative stress (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446). During ISR, ATF4 translation is induced via an alternative ribosome translation re-initiation mechanism in response to EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation, and stress-induced ATF4 acts as a master transcription factor of stress-responsive genes in order to promote cell recovery (PubMed:11106749, PubMed:12667446). Promotes the transcription of genes linked to amino acid sufficiency and resistance to oxidative stress to protect cells against metabolic consequences of ER oxidation (PubMed:12667446). Activates the transcription of NLRP1, possibly in concert with other factors in response to ER stress (By similarity). Activates the transcription of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in response to amino acid deprivation or ER stress (PubMed:15775988, PubMed:21159964). However, when associated with DDIT3/CHOP, the transcriptional activation of the ASNS gene is inhibited in response to amino acid deprivation (By similarity). Together with DDIT3/CHOP, mediates programmed cell death by promoting the expression of genes involved in cellular amino acid metabolic processes, mRNA translation and the terminal unfolded protein response (terminal UPR), a cellular response that elicits programmed cell death when ER stress is prolonged and unresolved (PubMed:23624402). Together with DDIT3/CHOP, activates…
messages: Ubiquitinated by SCF(BTRC) in response to mTORC1 signal, followed by proteasomal degradation and leading to down-regulate expression of SIRT4 (PubMed:23663782). Interaction with EP300/p300 inhibits ubiquitination by SCF(BTRC) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in adults.
messages: centrosome

10090:Mark3
gene id: 10090:Mark3
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VNZ6
uniprot id: Q03141
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by phosphorylation on Thr-211. Inhibited by phosphorylation on Thr-564 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. SNF1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with MAPT/TAU (By similarity). Interacts with DLG5 (via coiled-coil domain) (By similarity). Interacts with STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 in the presence of DLG5 (By similarity). Interacts with YWHAB, YWHAG, YWHAQ and YWHAZ (By similarity). Interacts with PKP2 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with CDC25C (By similarity). Interacts with KSR1 (PubMed:12941695).
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-211 by STK11/LKB1 in complex with STE20-related adapter-alpha (STRADA) pseudo kinase and CAB39. Phosphorylation at Thr-564 by PRKCZ/aPKC inhibits the kinase activity (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase. Involved in the specific phosphorylation of microtubule-associated proteins for MAPT/TAU, MAP2 and MAP4. Phosphorylates CDC25C. Regulates localization and activity of some histone deacetylases by mediating phosphorylation of HDAC7, promoting subsequent interaction between HDAC7 and 14-3-3 and export from the nucleus. Negatively regulates the Hippo signaling pathway and antagonizes the phosphorylation of LATS1. Cooperates with DLG5 to inhibit the kinase activity of STK3/MST2 toward LATS1. Phosphorylates PKP2 and KSR1 (By similarity).
messages: dendrite

10090:Krtap12-1
gene id: 10090:Krtap12-1
uniprot id: Q9Z287
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 12 family.
messages: Expressed only in the head and back skin of a 3 day old mouse. Not expressed in adult skin.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.

10090:Olfr1320
gene id: 10090:Olfr1320
uniprot id: A2AHM8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tas2r125
gene id: 10090:Tas2r125
uniprot id: Q7M710
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Birc5
gene id: 10090:Birc5
uniprot id: O70201
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-129 results in its homodimerization, while deacetylation promotes the formation of monomers which heterodimerize with XPO1/CRM1 which facilitates its nuclear export. The acetylated form represses STAT3 transactivation. The dynamic equilibrium between its acetylation and deacetylation at Lys-129 determines its interaction with XPO1/CRM1, its subsequent subcellular localization, and its ability to inhibit STAT3 transactivation.
messages: Belongs to the IAP family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: In vitro phosphorylation at Thr-117 by AURKB prevents interaction with INCENP and localization to mitotic chromosomes. Phosphorylation at Thr-48 by CK2 is critical for its mitotic and anti-apoptotic activities. Phosphorylation at Thr-34 by CDK15 is critical for its anti-apoptotic activity.
messages: Midbody
messages: Monomer or homodimer. Exists as a homodimer in the apo state and as a monomer in the CPC-bound state. The monomer protects cells against apoptosis more efficiently than the dimer. Only the dimeric form is capable of enhancing tubulin stability in cells. When phosphorylated, interacts with LAMTOR5/HBXIP; the resulting complex binds pro-CASP9, as well as active CASP9, but much less efficiently. Component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) composed of at least BIRC5/survivin, CDCA8/borealin, INCENP, AURKB or AURKC; in the complex forms a triple-helix bundle-based subcomplex with INCENP and CDCA8. Interacts with JTB. Interacts (via BIR domain) with histone H3 phosphorylated at 'Thr-3' (H3pT3). Interacts with EVI5. Interacts with GTP-bound RAN in both the S and M phases of the cell cycle. Interacts with USP9X. Interacts with tubulin. Interacts with BIRC2/c-IAP1. The acetylated form at Lys-129 interacts with STAT3. The monomeric form deacetylated at Lys-129 interacts with XPO1/CRM1. The monomeric form interacts with XIAP/BIRC4. Both the dimeric and monomeric form can interact with DIABLO/SMAC. Interacts with BIRC6/bruce. Interacts with FBXL7; this interaction facilitates the polyubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of BIRC5 by the SCF(FBXL7) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex (By similarity).
messages: Multitasking protein that has dual roles in promoting cell proliferation and preventing apoptosis (PubMed:25778398). Component of a chromosome passage protein complex (CPC) which is essential for chromosome alignment and segregation during mitosis and cytokinesis (By similarity). Acts as an important regulator of the localization of this complex; directs CPC movement to different locations from the inner centromere during prometaphase to midbody during cytokinesis and participates in the organization of the center spindle by associating with polymerized microtubules (By similarity). Involved in the recruitment of CPC to centromeres during early mitosis via association with histone H3 phosphorylated at 'Thr-3' (H3pT3) during mitosis (By similarity). The complex with RAN plays a role in mitotic spindle formation by serving as a physical scaffold to help deliver the RAN effector molecule TPX2 to microtubules (By similarity). May counteract a default induction of apoptosis in G2/M phase (By similarity). The acetylated form represses STAT3 transactivation of target gene promoters (By similarity). May play a role in neoplasia. Inhibitor of CASP3 and CASP7 (By similarity). Essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and function (PubMed:25778398).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The BIR repeat is necessary and sufficient for LAMTOR5 binding.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the Cul9-RING ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, leading to its degradation. Ubiquitination is required for centrosomal targeting.
messages: centromere
messages: kinetochore
messages: spindle

10090:Olfr1383
gene id: 10090:Olfr1383
uniprot id: Q7TQT2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Srsf5
gene id: 10090:Srsf5
uniprot id: O35326
uniprot id: Q9D8S5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the splicing factor SR family.
messages: Extensively phosphorylated on serine residues in the RS domain.
messages: Found in a pre-mRNA splicing complex with SRSF4/SFRS4, SRSF5/SFRS5, SNRNP70, SNRPA1, SRRM1 and SRRM2 (By similarity). Interacts (via RS domain) with PHF5A (via N-terminus).
messages: May be required for progression through G1 and entry into S phase of cell growth. May play a regulatory role in pre-mRNA splicing. Autoregulates its own expression. Plays a role in constitutive splicing and can modulate the selection of alternative splice sites (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fam83h
gene id: 10090:Fam83h
uniprot id: Q148V8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: Expressed in tooth follicle, eye, liver and kidney.
messages: Interacts with CSNK1A1; recruits CSNK1A1 to keratin filaments. Interacts with KRT18 and probably other keratins.
messages: May play a major role in the structural organization and calcification of developing enamel. May play a role in keratin cytoskeleton disassembly by recruiting CSNK1A1 to keratin filaments. Thereby, it may regulate epithelial cell migration.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Erg
gene id: 10090:Erg
uniprot id: A0A384DVA0
uniprot id: B7ZND4
uniprot id: E9PY05
uniprot id: P81270
uniprot id: Q3UQJ4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in a IGF2BP1-dependent mRNP granule complex containing untranslated mRNAs. Interacts with SETDB1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional regulator. May participate in transcriptional regulation through the recruitment of SETDB1 histone methyltransferase and subsequent modification of local chromatin structure.

10090:Rusf1
gene id: 10090:Rusf1
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0B5
uniprot id: Q91W34
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RUS1 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Akr1c20
gene id: 10090:Akr1c20
uniprot id: Q8VC77
uniprot id: Q9CZU0
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the aldo/keto reductase family.

10090:Tent2
gene id: 10090:Tent2
uniprot id: Q91YI6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B-like family. GLD2 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic poly(A) RNA polymerase that adds successive AMP monomers to the 3'-end of specific RNAs, forming a poly(A) tail. In contrast to the canonical nuclear poly(A) RNA polymerase, it only adds poly(A) to selected cytoplasmic mRNAs. Does not play a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in oocytes from metaphase I to metaphase II during oocyte maturation.
messages: Interacts with CPEB1, CPEB2, CPSF1 and PABPC1.
messages: Mice are normal and healthy. Poly-A tail elongation in oocytes is not affected and mice are fertile.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ubiquitous. In brain, it is highly expressed in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus and olfactory bulb.

10090:Gal3st1
gene id: 10090:Gal3st1
uniprot id: Q9JHE4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase family.
messages: Catalyzes the transfer of a sulfate group to position 3 of non-reducing beta-galactosyl residues in glycerolipids and sphingolipids, therefore participates in the biosynthesis of sulfoglycolipids (PubMed:11917099). Catalyzes the synthesis of galactosylceramide sulfate (sulfatide), a major lipid component of the myelin sheath and of monogalactosylalkylacylglycerol sulfate (seminolipid), present in spermatocytes (PubMed:11917099). Seems to prefer beta-glycosides at the non-reducing termini of sugar chains attached to a lipid moiety. Also acts on lactosylceramide, galactosyl 1-alkyl-2-sn-glycerol and galactosyl diacylglycerol (in vitro) (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in brain, testis, kidney, stomach, small intestine, liver, and lung. Not detected in heart, skeletal muscle, and spleen.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Mice homozygous for a null mutation of the CST gene born healthy and display hindlimb weakness from week 6 of age and subsequently show a prenounced tremor and progressive ataxia. Myelin vacuolation is observed in the cerebellar white matter, diencephalon, brainstem and spinal anterior column. Male mice were infertile due to a blocked spermatogenesis.

10090:Kdm6a
gene id: 10090:Kdm6a
uniprot id: O70546
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UTX family.
messages: Component of the MLL2/3 complex (also named ASCOM complex), at least composed of KMT2D/MLL2 or KMT2C/MLL3, ASH2L, RBBP5, WDR5, NCOA6, DPY30, KDM6A (or KDM6B), PAXIP1/PTIP, PAGR1 and alpha- and beta-tubulin (By similarity). Interacts with TLE1 (PubMed:9854018). Interacts with SUPT6H (PubMed:23503590). Interacts with SMARCA4 (PubMed:21095589).
messages: Escapes X chromosome inactivation.
messages: Expressed in brain, heart and spleen.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Demethylates trimethylated and dimethylated but not monomethylated H3 'Lys-27'. Plays a central role in regulation of posterior development, by regulating HOX gene expression. Demethylation of 'Lys-27' of histone H3 is concomitant with methylation of 'Lys-4' of histone H3, and regulates the recruitment of the PRC1 complex and monoubiquitination of histone H2A (By similarity). Plays a demethylase-independent role in chromatin remodeling to regulate T-box family member-dependent gene expression (PubMed:21095589).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed at 13.5 dpc.

10090:Taok3
gene id: 10090:Taok3
uniprot id: Q8BYC6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Ser-324 by ATM following DNA damage is required for activation of the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade. Phosphorylated by LRRK2 (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Self-associates. Interacts with ERN1 and TRAF2. Interaction with TRAF2 is facilitated under ER stress conditions, such as treatment with tunicamycin, and may promote TRAF2 phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulator of the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade and of the MAPK8/JNK cascade. Acts as an activator of the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade. In response to DNA damage, involved in the G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint by activating the p38/MAPK14 stress-activated MAPK cascade, probably by mediating phosphorylation of upstream MAP2K3 and MAP2K6 kinases. Inhibits basal activity of MAPK8/JNK cascade and diminishes its activation in response epidermal growth factor (EGF) (By similarity).

10090:Vwa1
gene id: 10090:Vwa1
uniprot id: Q8R2Z5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at high levels in the chondrocytes. Detected in the vasculature of neural tissues, in basement membrane structures of the peripheral nervous system, in the apical ectodermal ridge of developing limb buds, and in skeletal and cardiac muscle (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer or homomultimer; disulfide-linked. Interacts with HSPG2.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Promotes matrix assembly (PubMed:18757743). Involved in the organization of skeletal muscles and in the formation of neuromuscular junctions (By similarity).
messages: Restricted to the presumptive articular cartilage zone prior to joint cavitation and to the articular cartilage and fibrocartilaginous elements in the joint, spine and sternum during embryonic development. Detected from 9.5 dpc in the vasculature of the central nervous system. At 16.5 dpc, present in intervertebral disks of the spinal cord, lip epithelium and developing oral and tooth germ epithelia (at protein level).
messages: basement membrane

10090:Naa30
gene id: 10090:Naa30
uniprot id: Q8CES0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. MAK3 subfamily.
messages: Catalytic subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex. Catalyzes acetylation of the N-terminal methionine residues of peptides beginning with Met-Leu-Ala and Met-Leu-Gly. Necessary for the lysosomal localization and function of ARL8B sugeesting that ARL8B is a NatC substrate.
messages: Component of the N-terminal acetyltransferase C (NatC) complex, which is composed of NAA35, NAA38 and NAA30.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Spin2d
gene id: 10090:Spin2d
uniprot id: B1B0R2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Mapk15
gene id: 10090:Mapk15
uniprot id: Q80Y86
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation (By similarity). Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP1 (By similarity). Phosphorylation and activation in response to DNA damaging agents, serum stimulation. Constitutively activated when phosphorylated on Tyr-178. Activity depends on the relative rates of MAPK15 autophosphorylation and dephosphorylation by PTPN1 (By similarity).
messages: Atypical MAPK protein that regulates several process such as autophagy, ciliogenesis, protein trafficking/secretion and genome integrity, in a kinase activity-dependent manner (By similarity) (PubMed:25823377). Controls both, basal and starvation-induced autophagy throught its interaction with GABARAP, MAP1LC3B and GABARAPL1 leading to autophagosome formation, SQSTM1 degradation and reduced MAP1LC3B inhibitory phosphorylation. Regulates primary cilium formation and the localization of ciliary proteins involved in cilium structure, transport, and signaling. Prevents the relocation of the sugar-adding enzymes from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum, thereby restricting the production of sugar-coated proteins. Upon amino-acid starvation, mediates transitional endoplasmic reticulum site disassembly and inhibition of secretion. Binds to chromatin leading to MAPK15 activation and interaction with PCNA, that which protects genomic integrity by inhibiting MDM2-mediated degradation of PCNA. Regulates DA transporter (DAT) activity and protein expression via activation of RhoA. In response to H(2)O(2) treatment phosphorylates ELAVL1, thus preventing it from binding to the PDCD4 3'UTR and rendering the PDCD4 mRNA accessible to miR-21 and leading to its degradation and loss of protein expression (By similarity). Also functions in a kinase activity-independent manner as a negative regulator of growth (By similarity). Phosphorylates in vitro FOS and MBP (By similarity). During oocyte maturation, plays a key role in the microtubule organization and meiotic cell cycle progression in oocytes, fertilized eggs, and early embryos (PubMed:23351492). Interacts with ESRRA promoting its re-localization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and then prevents its transcriptional activity (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated on Thr-176 and Tyr-178; activates the enzyme.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at all stages of oocyte meiotic maturation.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with TGFB1I1 (PubMed:16624805). Interacts with CSK/c-Src, ABL1 and RET. Interacts with GABARAP, MAP1LC3B and GABARAPL1; controls, in a kinase-dependent fashion, both basal and starvation-induced autophagy. Interacts with ESRRA; promotes re-localization of ESRRA to the cytoplasm through a XPO1-dependent mechanism then inhibits ESRRA transcriptional activity. Interacts with PCNA; the interaction is chromatin binding- and kinase activity-dependent and prevents MDM2-mediated PCNA destruction by inhibiting the association of PCNA with MDM2 (By similarity). Interacts with DVL2 (PubMed:25823377). Interacts with CLIC3; MAPK15 does not phosphorylates CLIC3 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal region (1-20) is the minimal region necessary for ubiquitination and further proteasomal degradation.
messages: The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination may allow its tight kinase activity regulation and rapid turnover. May be ubiquitinated by a SCF E3 ligase (By similarity).
messages: autophagosome
messages: centriole
messages: cilium basal body
messages: spindle
messages: tight junction

10090:Pla2g3
gene id: 10090:Pla2g3
uniprot id: Q6AXH0
uniprot id: Q8BZT7
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase A2 family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in dermal mast cells (at protein level) (PubMed:23624557). Highly expressed in EPCAM-positive colonic epithelial cells throughout the proximal to distal colon (at protein level) (PubMed:28947740). Expressed at lower levels in ileum section of small intestine and immune organs including bone marrow, spleen and lymph nodes (PubMed:28947740, PubMed:20424323). Expressed in stomach and lung (at protein level) (PubMed:17868035). Expressed in testis and epididymis and to a lesser extent in the seminal vesicles and prostate (PubMed:20424323). Detected in ovary, oviduct and uterus (PubMed:20424323). Expressed in Sertoli and Leydig cells as well as in epididymal epithelium particularly in apical border of principal cells in the corpus (at protein level) (PubMed:20424323). Present in cauda epididymal fluid (at protein level) (PubMed:20424323). Expressed in central nervous system, with high levels in spinal cord and at a lesser extent in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:17868035, PubMed:20424323).
messages: Highly expressed in dorsal root ganglia of the developing brain at 12.5 dpc (at protein level).
messages: In several cell types, the N- and C-termini are cleaved off.
messages: Male mutant mice have reduced fertility associated with reduced sperm cell motility, aberrant acrosomes and flagella resulting in poor morula development. The litter size after intercrossing heterozygous mutant male and female mice is significantly smaller when compared to wild-type mice. Nevertheless, mutant offspring are born at approximately Mendelian proportions, have normal survival, appearance and behavior (PubMed:20424323). Mutant mice are resistant to both passive systemic and active cutaneous anaphylaxis (PubMed:23624557). In models of colon carcinogenesis either induced by azoxymethane procarcinogen or upon activation of oncogenic Wnt/beta-catenin signal due to a mutation in the APC gene (model of human familial adenomatous polyposis), mutant mice are resistant to tumorigeneis showing markedly decreased total tumor burden in the colon. In a colitis model induced by toxic dextran sulfate sodium, mutant mice are protected from shortening of the colon length and mucosal inflammation and rapidly recover from epithelial injury (PubMed:28947740).
messages: N-glycosylation does not affect the catalytic activity, but is required for proper secretion. A nonglycosylated form is observed in several cell types.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Secreted
messages: Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids without apparent head group selectivity (PubMed:20424323). Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells (By similarity). May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by immature mast cells, acts on nearby fibroblasts upstream to PTDGS to synthesize prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), which in turn promotes mast cell maturation and degranulation via PTGDR (PubMed:23624557). Secreted by epididymal epithelium, acts on immature sperm cells within the duct, modulating the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acyl components of phosphatidylcholines required for acrosome assembly and sperm cell motility (PubMed:20424323). Facilitates the replacement of fatty acyl chains in phosphatidylcholines in sperm membranes from omega-6 and omega-9 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (PubMed:20424323). Coupled to lipoxygenase pathway, may process omega-6 PUFAs to generate oxygenated lipid mediators in the male reproductive tract (PubMed:20424323). At pericentrosomal preciliary compartment, negatively regulates ciliogenesis likely by regulating endocytotic recycling of ciliary membrane protein (By similarity). Coupled to cyclooxygenase pathway provides arachidonate to generate prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a potent immunomodulatory lipid in inflammation and tumorigenesis (By similarity). At colonic epithelial barrier, preferentially hydrolyzes phospholipids having arachidonate and docosahexaenoate at sn-2 position, contributing to the generation of oxygenated metabolites involved in colonic stem cell homeostasis (PubMed:28947740). Releases C16:0 and C18:0 lysophosphatidylcholine subclas…
messages: The phospholipase A2-like domain represents the fully processed form after N- and C-termini are cleaved off. It is the secreted mature form found in biological fluids.
messages: centriole

10090:Ppid
gene id: 10090:Ppid
uniprot id: Q9CR16
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family. PPIase D subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Identified in ESR1 or NR3C1/GCR steroid receptor-chaperone complexes. Found in HSP90 chaperone complexes with kinase clients LCK or EIF2AK1. Two monomers associate with one HSP90 homodimer. Interacts with HSP90AA1. Interacts with HSP90AB1; PPID and FKBP4 compete for binding to HSP90AB1 and the interaction is mutually exclusive with the PPID:HSPA8 interaction. Interacts with HSPA8; PPID and STIP1 but not FKBP4 compete for binding to HSPA8 and the interaction is mutually exclusive with the PPID:HSP90AB1 interaction. Interacts with S100A1 and S100A2; the interactions dissociate the PPID:HSP90AA1 interaction. Interacts with S100A6. Interacts with MYB, ILF2, XRCC6, RACK1 and RPS3. Interacts with cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2).
messages: Less sensitive to inhibition by cyclosporin A than is CYP-18.
messages: PPIase that catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bonds in oligopeptides and may therefore assist protein folding. Proposed to act as a co-chaperone in HSP90 complexes such as in unligated steroid receptors heterocomplexes. Different co-chaperones seem to compete for association with HSP90 thus establishing distinct HSP90-co-chaperone-receptor complexes with the potential to exert tissue-specific receptor activity control. May have a preference for estrogen receptor complexes and is not found in glucocorticoid receptor complexes. May be involved in cytoplasmic dynein-dependent movement of the receptor from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. May regulate MYB by inhibiting its DNA-binding activity. Involved in regulation of AHR signaling by promoting the formation of the AHR:ARNT dimer; the function is independent of HSP90 but requires the chaperone activity region. Involved in regulation of UV radiation-induced apoptosis.
messages: This protein should not be confused with mitochondrial peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase F (PPIF) which is often referred to as cyclophilin D or CypD.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:1110032F04Rik
gene id: 10090:1110032F04Rik
uniprot id: E9Q0B3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Btbd10
gene id: 10090:Btbd10
uniprot id: E9Q6L8
uniprot id: E9Q6Y9
uniprot id: Q80X66
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (via C-terminal 330-amino-acid region) with AKT1; AKT2 and AKT3 (PubMed:18160256). Interacts with PPP2CA and PPP1CA (PubMed:18160256).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Plays a major role as an activator of AKT family members by inhibiting PPP2CA-mediated dephosphorylation, thereby keeping AKTs activated. Plays a role in preventing motor neuronal death and in accelerating the growth of pancreatic beta cells.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (at protein level).

10090:Tulp4
gene id: 10090:Tulp4
uniprot id: Q3UH13
uniprot id: Q9JIL5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TUB family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May be a substrate-recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin-Cullin-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes.

10090:Ppp1r14bl
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r14bl
uniprot id: Q14BX6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PP1 inhibitor family.
messages: Inhibitor of PPP1CA.
messages: Membrane

10090:Bsph1
gene id: 10090:Bsph1
uniprot id: B7ZWD1
uniprot id: Q3UW26
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the seminal plasma protein family.
messages: Binds sperm in vitro and promotes sperm capacitation (PubMed:22539676, PubMed:24307707). Specifically promotes capacitation induced by high density lipoproteins (HDLs) (PubMed:25602034). Also binds heparin, phospholipid liposomes, and weakly to gelatin (PubMed:22539676). Does not bind chondroitin sulfate B (PubMed:22539676).
messages: Expressed only in the epididymis.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Pdk2
gene id: 10090:Pdk2
uniprot id: Q9JK42
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family.
messages: Detected in heart (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer, and heterodimer with PDK1. Interacts with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex subunit DLAT, and is part of the multimeric pyruvate dehydrogenase complex that contains multiple copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase (DLAT, E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD, E3).
messages: Kinase that plays a key role in the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism and homeostasis via phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunits PDHA1 and PDHA2 (PubMed:22360721). This inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and thereby regulates metabolite flux through the tricarboxylic acid cycle, down-regulates aerobic respiration and inhibits the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A from pyruvate. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreases glucose utilization and increases fat metabolism. Mediates cellular responses to insulin. Plays an important role in maintaining normal blood glucose levels and in metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability. Via its regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, plays an important role in maintaining normal blood pH and in preventing the accumulation of ketone bodies under starvation. Plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation and in resistance to apoptosis under oxidative stress. Plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: No visible phenotype, due to the fact that PDK2-deficient mice have increased PDK1 levels (PubMed:21411764). Mice have lower blood glucose levels in the fed state, but not after fasting. Likewise, they display increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity in liver and skeletal muscle in the fed state, but not after fasting. Fasting mice lacking both PDK2 and PDK4 show strongly decreased blood glucose levels, increased circulating ketone body levels leading to ketoacidosis with dangerously low blood pH levels, hypothermia, and ultimately death (PubMed:22360721).
messages: Up-regulated by glucose and palmitic acid. Up-regulated by PPARD.

10090:Pigb
gene id: 10090:Pigb
uniprot id: Q9JJQ0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 22 family. PIGB subfamily.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mannosyltransferase involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis. Transfers the third alpha-1,2-mannose to Man2-GlcN-acyl-PI during GPI precursor assembly (By similarity).

10090:Slc6a16
gene id: 10090:Slc6a16
uniprot id: A0A1L1SR47
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:S100a14
gene id: 10090:S100a14
uniprot id: Q9D2Q8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with AGER (By similarity).
messages: Modulates P53/TP53 protein levels, and thereby plays a role in the regulation of cell survival and apoptosis. Depending on the context, it can promote cell proliferation or apoptosis. Plays a role in the regulation of cell migration by modulating the levels of MMP2, a matrix protease that is under transcriptional control of P53/TP53. Does not bind calcium (By similarity).

10090:Olfr1247
gene id: 10090:Olfr1247
uniprot id: A2AT78
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Spsb1
gene id: 10090:Spsb1
uniprot id: Q9D5L7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SPSB family.
messages: Component of the probable ECS(SPSB1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which contains CUL5, RNF7/RBX2, Elongin BC complex and SPSB1 (By similarity). Interacts with CUL5, RNF7, ELOB and ELOC (By similarity). Directly interacts with MET tyrosine kinase domain in the presence and in the absence of HGF, however HGF treatment has a positive effect on this interaction (PubMed:16369487). When phosphorylated, interacts with RASA1 without affecting its stability (By similarity). Interacts (via B30.2/SPRY domain) with PAWR; this interaction is direct and occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:16498413, PubMed:20561531).Interacts with EPHB2 (By similarity). Interacts with NOS2 (PubMed:20603330).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Substrate recognition component of a SCF-like ECS (Elongin BC-CUL2/5-SOCS-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex which mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins (By similarity). Negatively regulates nitric oxide (NO) production and limits cellular toxicity in activated macrophages by mediating the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of NOS2 (By similarity). Acts as a bridge which links the NOS2 with the ECS E3 ubiquitin ligase complex components ELOC and CUL5 (By similarity).
messages: The B30.2/SPRY domain is involved in MET and PAWR binding.
messages: The SOCS box domain mediates the interaction with the Elongin BC complex, an adapter module in different E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes (By similarity). Essential for its ability to link NOS2 and the ECS E3 ubiquitin ligase complex components ELOC and CUL5 (By similarity).
messages: cytosol

10090:Lgr6
gene id: 10090:Lgr6
uniprot id: Q3UVD5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the earliest embryonic hair placodes. In adult hair follicles, present in a region directly above the follicle bulge. Specifically present in prenatal cells establishing the hair follicle, sebaceous gland and interfollicular epidermis. Postnatally, present in cells generating sebaceous gland and interfollicular epidermis (PubMed:20223988). During limb development, at 14.5 dpc, expressed in the ectoderm overlying the limb buds and at the apical ectodermal ridge. In the developing lungs, at 14.5 dpc, expressed in smooth muscle cells (PubMed:29769720).
messages: Receptor for R-spondins that potentiates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway and acts as a marker of multipotent stem cells in the epidermis. Upon binding to R-spondins (RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3 or RSPO4), associates with phosphorylated LRP6 and frizzled receptors that are activated by extracellular Wnt receptors, triggering the canonical Wnt signaling pathway to increase expression of target genes. In contrast to classical G-protein coupled receptors, does not activate heterotrimeric G-proteins to transduce the signal (By similarity).
messages: Simultaneous knockdown of LGR4, LGR5 and LGR6 results in developmental phenotypes, such as cleft palate and ankyloglossia, but not in tetra-amelia with lung agenesis.
messages: Specifically expressed in multipotent stem cells in the epidermis.

10090:Hic2
gene id: 10090:Hic2
uniprot id: Q9JLZ6
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. Hic subfamily.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable cloning artifact.
messages: Self-associates. Interacts with HIC1 (By similarity).
messages: Transcriptional repressor.

10090:Fbln1
gene id: 10090:Fbln1
uniprot id: B2CQD6
uniprot id: Q08879
uniprot id: Q3TWK8
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the fibulin family.
messages: Detected in most organs (brain, heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidney). Neurons are the predominant source of production in the brain. Not expressed significantly by astrocytes or microglia.
messages: Glucocorticoids suppressed mRNA expression and protein synthesis.
messages: Homomultimerizes and interacts with various extracellular matrix components such as FN1, LAMA1, LMA2, NID, ACAN, CSPG2 and type IV collagen. Binding analysis demonstrated for isoform C a 100-fold stronger binding to the basement membrane protein NID than for isoform D. Interacts with FBLN7. Interacts with CCN3 (By similarity).
messages: Homomultimerizes and interacts with various extracellular matrix components.
messages: Incorporated into fibronectin-containing matrix fibers. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration along protein fibers within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Could be important for certain developmental processes and contribute to the supramolecular organization of ECM architecture, in particular to those of basement membranes.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: The differential expression of the fibulin family contributes to the formation of molecularly distinct extracellular matrices already during early developmental stages of a large number of tissues. Increased expression at neonate stage in the brain. Expressed in interdigital regions of the handplate of a 12 dpc embryo and in the lateral perichondrial region. Similar expression persists in the 13 dpc handplate particularly in the perichondrial regions and apical aspects of the developing digits.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Sla
gene id: 10090:Sla
uniprot id: A0A0R4J247
uniprot id: Q4FJX0
uniprot id: Q60898
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein, which negatively regulates T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Inhibits T-cell antigen-receptor induced activation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells. Involved in the negative regulation of positive selection and mitosis of T-cells. May act by linking signaling proteins such as ZAP70 with CBL, leading to a CBL dependent degradation of signaling proteins.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed during thymocyte maturation. Weakly expressed in CD4(-) CD8(-) thymocytes, strongly expressed in CD4(+) CD8(+) thymocytes, while expression decreases in more mature cells.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with phosphorylated CBL, SYK and LAT. Homodimerization and interaction with phosphorylated CBL occurs via its C-terminal domain (By similarity). Interacts with PDGFRB and EPHA2. Interacts with phosphorylated proteins ZAP70; CD3Z; VAV1 and LCP2 via its SH2 domain.
messages: Predominantly expressed in lymphoid tissues. Highly expressed in spleen, thymus and lymph nodes. Weakly expressed in lung and brain. Expressed in T-cells and at low level in B-cells.
messages: SLA deficient mice show a strong up-regulation of TCR and CD5 at the CD4(+) CD8(+) stage, and an enhanced positive selection in T-cells.
messages: The C-terminal domain is essential for the homodimerization and the interaction with CBL. While the interaction with CBL is apparently mediated via the hydrophobic region of this domain, the highly charged region is apparently required for the homodimerization (By similarity).

10090:Pcp4
gene id: 10090:Pcp4
uniprot id: P63054
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PCP4 family.
messages: Binds to both calcium-free and calcium-bound calmodulin. The affinity for the calcium-bound form is 50-fold greater.
messages: Functions as a modulator of calcium-binding by calmodulin. Thereby, regulates calmodulin activity and the different processes it controls. For instance, may play a role in neuronal differentiation through activation of calmodulin-dependent kinase signaling pathways.
messages: Mostly intrinsically disordered, with residual structure localized to the IQ domain which mediates the interaction with calmodulin.

10090:Vangl2
gene id: 10090:Vangl2
uniprot id: Q91ZD4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Vang family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Defects in Vangl2 are a cause of the loop-tail (Lp) mutant phenotype. Heterozygous Lp mice exhibit a characteristic looped tail, while homozygous embryos show a completely open neural tube in the hindbrain and spinal region, a condition similar to the severe craniorachischisis defect in humans. Homozygotes also have complex cardiovascular defects including double-outlet right ventricle, perimembranous ventricular defects, double-sided aortic arch and associated abnormalities in the aortic arch arteries. Homozygotes show cytoplasmic accumulation of Vangl2 instead of the normal membrane localization, and Rhoa expression, which is detected in the mesenchymal cushion cells adjacent to the outflow tract, is lost in homozygotes. Homozygous embryos typically die shortly before or at birth.
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer with Vangl1. Interacts through its C-terminal region with the N-terminal half of DVL1, DVL2 and DVL3. The PDZ domain of DVL1, DVL2 and DVL3 is required for the interaction. Variants Glu-255 and Asn-464 impair interaction with the DVL proteins. Also interacts with the PDZ domains of MAGI3, SCRIB/SCRB1 and FZD3 (PubMed:15195140). Interacts with PRICKLE3 (By similarity).
messages: In the embryo, strongly expressed in the neuroectoderm from the earliest stages of neural induction through the late stages of neural tube closure. Detected in the dorso-ventral axis of the neural tube, but not in the floor plate. Expression is low at day 7 dpc; it peaks at 11 dpc, and it remains strong at 15 dpc and 17 dpc. Also expressed in the cochlear epithelium at days 14.5 dpc and 16.5 dpc. Detected at low levels in the outflow tract myocardium from 9.5 dpc with levels increasing by 11.5 dpc.
messages: Involved in the control of early morphogenesis and patterning of both axial midline structures and the development of neural plate. Plays a role in the regulation of planar cell polarity, particularly in the orientation of stereociliary bundles in the cochlea. Required for polarization and movement of myocardializing cells in the outflow tract and seems to act via RHOA signaling to regulate this process. Required for cell surface localization of FZD3 and FZD6 in the inner ear (PubMed:16495441).
messages: Primarily expressed in the brain and epididymis. Not detected in the cochlea of Lp mice.

10090:Nab2
gene id: 10090:Nab2
uniprot id: Q3TYF1
uniprot id: Q61127
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor for zinc finger transcription factors EGR1 and EGR2. Isoform 2 lacks repression ability.
messages: Belongs to the NAB family.
messages: By serum stimulation.
messages: Highly expressed in brain and thymus, and at lower levels in spleen, kidney, heart and testis. Isoform 1 is predominantly expressed in testis, whereas isoform 3 is more abundant in thymus.
messages: Homomultimers may associate with EGR1 bound to DNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sumoylation by EGR2 represses EGR2 transcriptional activity in hindbrain.
messages: The NAB conserved domain 1 (NCD1) interacts with EGR1 inhibitory domain and mediates multimerization.
messages: The NAB conserved domain 2 (NCD2) is necessary for transcriptional repression.

10090:Idnk
gene id: 10090:Idnk
uniprot id: D3Z4J6
uniprot id: Q8R0J8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the gluconokinase GntK/GntV family.

10090:Trim34a
gene id: 10090:Trim34a
uniprot id: Q99PP6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Functions as antiviral protein and contributes to the defense against retroviral infections (By similarity). Acts as a capsid-specific restriction factor with the help of TRIM5 and prevents infection from non-host-adapted retroviruses. During influenza A virus infection, promotes programmed cell death by targeting ZBP1 for 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. In turn, promotes ZBP1 recruitment of RIPK3 to mediate virus-induced programmed necrosis (By similarity). Negatively regulates the function of mitochondria by enhancing mitochondrial depolarization leading to cytochrome c release and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Promotes also the formation of multinucleated giant cells by means of cell fusion and phagocytosis in epithelial cells (By similarity). Plays an essential role in sustaining the integrity of the inner mucus layer in the colon by controlling the exocytosis of the major component of colonic mucus MUC2 from colonic goblet cells (PubMed:32094504).
messages: Homotrimer. Interacts (via B-box and SPRY domain) with TRIM5.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Trim34a- and TRIM34b-deficient mice show an impaired integrity of the inner mucus layer.

10090:Cr2
gene id: 10090:Cr2
uniprot id: A0A1B0GS59
uniprot id: Q9DC83
names: Caution
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.

10090:Igf1r
gene id: 10090:Igf1r
uniprot id: E9QNX9
uniprot id: Q3U1L4
uniprot id: Q60751
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation at Tyr-1163, Tyr-1167 and Tyr-1168 on the kinase activation loop; phosphorylation at all three tyrosine residues is required for optimal kinase activity. Inhibited by MSC1609119A-1, BMS-754807, PQIP, benzimidazole pyridinone, isoquinolinedione, bis-azaindole, 3-cyanoquinoline, 2,4-bis-arylamino-1,3-pyrimidine, pyrrolopyrimidine, pyrrole-5-carboxaldehyde, picropodophyllin (PPP), tyrphostin derivatives. While most inhibitors bind to the ATP binding pocket, MSC1609119A-1 functions as allosteric inhibitor and binds close to the DFG motif and the activation loop (By similarity).
messages: Autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues in response to ligand binding. Autophosphorylation occurs in trans, i.e. one subunit of the dimeric receptor phosphorylates tyrosine residues on the other subunit. Autophosphorylation occurs in a sequential manner; Tyr-1167 is predominantly phosphorylated first, followed by phosphorylation of Tyr-1163 and Tyr-1168. While every single phosphorylation increases kinase activity, all three tyrosine residues in the kinase activation loop (Tyr-1163, Tyr-1167 and Tyr-1168) have to be phosphorylated for optimal activity. Can be autophosphorylated at additional tyrosine residues (in vitro). Autophosphorylated is followed by phosphorylation of juxtamembrane tyrosines and C-terminal serines. Phosphorylation of Tyr-981 is required for IRS1- and SHC1-binding (By similarity). Phosphorylation of Ser-1280 by GSK-3beta restrains kinase activity and promotes cell surface expression, it requires a priming phosphorylation at Ser-1284. Dephosphorylated by PTPN1.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Insulin receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Controlled by regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP). Undergoes metalloprotease-dependent constitutive ectodomain shedding to produce a membrane-anchored 52 kDa C-Terminal fragment which is further processed by presenilin gamma-secretase to yield an intracellular 50 kDa fragment (By similarity).
messages: Deficient mice are 45% of the size of wild-type littermates at birth, and die shortly due to severe organ hypoplasia.
messages: Membrane
messages: Polyubiquitinated at Lys-1170 and Lys-1173 through both 'Lys-48' and 'Lys-29' linkages, promoting receptor endocytosis and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitination is facilitated by pre-existing phosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates actions of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). Binds IGF1 with high affinity and IGF2 and insulin (INS) with a lower affinity. The activated IGF1R is involved in cell growth and survival control. IGF1R is crucial for tumor transformation and survival of malignant cell. Ligand binding activates the receptor kinase, leading to receptor autophosphorylation, and tyrosines phosphorylation of multiple substrates, that function as signaling adapter proteins including, the insulin-receptor substrates (IRS1/2), Shc and 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphorylation of IRSs proteins lead to the activation of two main signaling pathways: the PI3K-AKT/PKB pathway and the Ras-MAPK pathway. The result of activating the MAPK pathway is increased cellular proliferation, whereas activating the PI3K pathway inhibits apoptosis and stimulates protein synthesis. Phosphorylated IRS1 can activate the 85 kDa regulatory subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1), leading to activation of several downstream substrates, including protein AKT/PKB. AKT phosphorylation, in turn, enhances protein synthesis through mTOR activation and triggers the antiapoptotic effects of IGFIR through phosphorylation and inactivation of BAD. In parallel to PI3K-driven signaling, recruitment of Grb2/SOS by phosphorylated IRS1 or Shc leads to recruitment of Ras and activation of the ras-MAPK pathway. In addition to these two main signaling pathways IGF1R signals also through the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (JAK/STAT). Phosphorylation of JAK proteins can lead to phosphorylation/activation of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins. In particular activation of STAT3, may be essential for the transforming activity of IGF1R. The JAK/STAT pathway activates gene transcription and may be responsible for the transforming activity. JNK kinases can also be activated by the IGF1R. IGF1 exerts inhibiting activities on JNK activation via phosphorylati…
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO1.
messages: Tetramer of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains contribute to the formation of the ligand-binding domain, while the beta chain carries the kinase domain. Interacts with PIK3R1 and with the PTB/PID domains of IRS1 and SHC1 in vitro when autophosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Forms a hybrid receptor with INSR, the hybrid is a tetramer consisting of 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of INSR and 1 alpha chain and 1 beta chain of IGF1R. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2. Interacts with GRB10. Interacts with RACK1. Interacts with SOCS1, SOCS2 and SOCS3. Interacts with 14-3-3 proteins. Interacts with NMD2. Interacts with MAP3K5. Interacts with STAT3. Found in a ternary complex with IGF1 and ITGAV:ITGB3 or ITGA6:ITGB4 (By similarity). Interacts (nascent precursor form) with ZFAND2B (PubMed:26692333).

10090:Rab5b
gene id: 10090:Rab5b
uniprot id: P61021
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Binds EEA1. Interacts with RIN2 and RIN3, which probably regulate its pathway, possibly by acting as GEFs (By similarity). Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHML and CHM; phosphorylation at Ser-84 disrupts this interaction (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Melanosome
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-84 in the switch II region by LRRK2 prevents the association of RAB regulatory proteins, including CHM, CHML and RAB GDP dissociation inhibitors GDI1 and GDI2.
messages: Protein transport (By similarity). Probably involved in vesicular traffic (By similarity).
messages: Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP.

10090:Uqcrb
gene id: 10090:Uqcrb
uniprot id: Q9CQB4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the UQCRB/QCR7 family.
messages: Component of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, a multisubunit transmembrane complex that is part of the mitochondrial electron transport chain which drives oxidative phosphorylation.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Fabp3
gene id: 10090:Fabp3
uniprot id: P11404
uniprot id: Q5EBJ0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: FABPs are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters.
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates the hydrophobic ligand in its interior.

10090:Stk3
gene id: 10090:Stk3
uniprot id: Q9JI10
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; mediated via the coiled-coil region. Interacts with NORE1, which inhibits autoactivation. Interacts with and stabilizes SAV1. Interacts with RAF1, which prevents dimerization and phosphorylation. Interacts with RASSF1. Interacts (via SARAH domain) with NEK2. Interacts with ESR1 only in the presence of SAV1. Interacts with PKB/AKT1. Forms a tripartite complex with MOBKL1B and STK38. Interacts with RASSF2 (via SARAH domain). Interacts with LATS1; this interaction is inhibited in the presence of DLG5. Interacts with MARK3 in the presence of DLG5 (By similarity). Interacts with DLG5 (via PDZ domain 3) (PubMed:28087714).
messages: Inhibited by the C-terminal non-catalytic region. Activated by caspase-cleavage. Full activation also requires homodimerization and autophosphorylation of Thr-180, which are inhibited by the proto-oncogene product RAF1. Activated by RASSF1 which acts by preventing its dephosphorylation (By similarity).
messages: Mice show progressive hepatomegaly with a 2-fold increase in liver mass relative to total body mass at 1 month of age and a 3-fold increase by 3 months of age.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation at Thr-117 and Thr-390 by PKB/AKT1, leads to inhibition of its: cleavage, kinase activity, autophosphorylation at Thr-180, binding to RASSF1 and nuclear translocation, and increase in its binding to RAF1.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 during apoptosis. Proteolytic cleavage results in kinase activation and nuclear translocation of the truncated form (MST1/N).
messages: Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 are required to repress proliferation of mature hepatocytes, to prevent activation of facultative adult liver stem cells (oval cells), and to inhibit tumor formation. Phosphorylates NKX2-1. Phosphorylates NEK2 and plays a role in centrosome disjunction by regulating the localization of NEK2 to centrosomes, and its ability to phosphorylate CROCC and CEP250. In conjunction with SAV1, activates the transcriptional activity of ESR1 through the modulation of its phosphorylation. Positively regulates RAF1 activation via suppression of the inhibitory phosphorylation of RAF1 on 'Ser-259'. Phosphorylates MOBKL1A and RASSF2. Phosphorylates MOBKL1B on 'Thr-74'. Acts cooperatively with MOBKL1B to activate STK38 (By similarity).

10090:Ube2w
gene id: 10090:Ube2w
uniprot id: Q8VDW4
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Accepts ubiquitin from the E1 complex and catalyzes its covalent attachment to other proteins. Specifically monoubiquitinates the N-terminus of various substrates, including ATXN3, MAPT/TAU, POLR2H/RPB8 and STUB1/CHIP, by recognizing backbone atoms of disordered N-termini (PubMed:21855799, PubMed:21229326). Involved in degradation of misfolded chaperone substrates by mediating monoubiquitination of STUB1/CHIP, leading to recruitment of ATXN3 to monoubiquitinated STUB1/CHIP, and restriction of the length of ubiquitin chain attached to STUB1/CHIP substrates by ATXN3 (PubMed:21855799). After UV irradiation, but not after mitomycin-C (MMC) treatment, acts as a specific E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme for the Fanconi anemia complex by associating with E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase FANCL and catalyzing monoubiquitination of FANCD2, a key step in the DNA damage pathway (PubMed:21229326). In vitro catalyzes 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitination. UBE2W-catalyzed ubiquitination occurs also in the presence of inactive RING/U-box type E3s, i.e. lacking the active site cysteine residues to form thioester bonds with ubiquitin, or even in the absence of E3, albeit at a slower rate (By similarity).
messages: Autoubiquitinated at Met-1.
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with FANCL. Interacts with STUB1/CHIP.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Epor
gene id: 10090:Epor
uniprot id: P14753
uniprot id: Q3UTV9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family. Type 1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains 1 copy of a cytoplasmic motif that is referred to as the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitor motif (ITIM). This motif is involved in modulation of cellular responses. The phosphorylated ITIM motif can bind the SH2 domain of several SH2-containing phosphatases.
messages: Expressed in relatively mature erythroid progenitor cells and in EPO-responsive erythroleukemia cells.
messages: Forms homodimers on EPO stimulation.
messages: Forms homodimers on EPO stimulation. The tyrosine-phosphorylated form interacts with several SH2 domain-containing proteins including LYN, the adapter protein APS, PTPN6, PTPN11, JAK2, PI3 kinases, STAT5A/B, SOCS3 and CRKL. The N-terminal SH2 domain of PTPN6 binds Tyr-453 and inhibits signaling through dephosphorylation of JAK2. APS binding also inhibits the JAK-STAT signaling. Binding to PTPN11, preferentially through the N-terminal SH2 domain, promotes mitogenesis and phosphorylation of PTPN11. Binding of JAK2 (through its N-terminal) promotes cell-surface expression. Interaction with the ubiquitin ligase NOSIP mediates EPO-induced cell proliferation. Interacts with ATXN2L (By similarity). Forms heterooligomers with friend spleen focus-forming virus (FSFFV) gp55, probably via their respective transmembrane domains. Interacts with INPP5D/SHIP1.
messages: Interaction with FSFFV envelope-like membrane glycoprotein gp55 leads to ligand-independent activation of EPOR and to the abnormally rapid proliferation of erythroid precursor cells.
messages: Membrane
messages: On EPO stimulation, phosphorylated on C-terminal tyrosine residues by JAK2. The phosphotyrosine motifs are also recruitment sites for several SH2-containing proteins and adapter proteins which mediate cell proliferation. Phosphorylation on Tyr-453 is required for PTPN6 interaction, Tyr-425 for PTPN11. Tyr-425 is also required for SOCS3 binding, but Tyr-453/Tyr-455 motif is the preferred binding site (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for erythropoietin.
messages: Receptor for erythropoietin. Mediates erythropoietin-induced erythroblast proliferation and differentiation. Upon EPO stimulation, EPOR dimerizes triggering the JAK2/STAT5 signaling cascade. In some cell types, can also activate STAT1 and STAT3. May also activate the LYN tyrosine kinase.
messages: Secreted
messages: The WSXWS motif appears to be necessary for proper protein folding and thereby efficient intracellular transport and cell-surface receptor binding.
messages: The box 1 motif is required for JAK interaction and/or activation.
messages: The identity of the C-linked hexose on the WXXW motif has not been determined. It is probably mannose.
messages: Ubiquitinated by NOSIP; appears to be either multi-monoubiquitinated or polyubiquitinated. Ubiquitination mediates proliferation and survival of EPO-dependent cells (By similarity). Ubiquitination at Lys-280 mediates receptor internalization, whereas ubiquitination at Lys-452 promotes trafficking of activated receptors to the lysosomes for degradation.
messages: Viral promoter integration by Friend spleen focus-forming virus (F-SFFVP) in the murine erythroleukemia cell line F5-5, results in aberrant EPOR sequences and EPOR overexpression in erythroid progenitor cells.

10090:Chrnd
gene id: 10090:Chrnd
uniprot id: P02716
uniprot id: Q80VZ5
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Delta/CHRND sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Pentamer of two alpha chains, and one each of the beta, delta, and gamma (in immature muscle) or epsilon (in mature muscle) chains. The muscle heteropentamer composed of alpha-1, beta-1, delta, epsilon subunits interacts with the alpha-conotoxin ImII (By similarity).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane

10090:Slc23a1
gene id: 10090:Slc23a1
uniprot id: Q9Z2J0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the nucleobase:cation symporter-2 (NCS2) (TC 2.A.40) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Sodium/ascorbate cotransporter. Mediates electrogenic uptake of vitamin C, with a stoichiometry of 2 Na(+) for each ascorbate.

10090:Tafa2
gene id: 10090:Tafa2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0M7
uniprot id: Q3US64
uniprot id: Q7TPG7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TAFA family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed as early as 13.5 dpc, increases and peaks at 2 weeks after birth and is highly expressed until adulthood.
messages: Has a role as neurotrophic factor involved in neuronal survival and neurobiological functions.
messages: Mainly expressed in different brain regions, including cortex, amygdala and hippocampus (at protein level) (PubMed:30137205). Expressed by neurons and astrocytes (PubMed:30137205).
messages: Mutant mice grow and develop normally but exhibit impairments in spatial learning and memory and impairments in short- and long-term memory, accompanied with increased level of anxiety-like behaviors in open-field test. They also show decreased level of depression-like behaviors in forced-swim test and tail-suspension test (PubMed:30137205). They show neuronal loss, defects in dendritic and synaptic morphology, and apoptosis in the brain (PubMed:30137205).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sos2
gene id: 10090:Sos2
uniprot id: Q02384
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in most embryonic and adult tissues.
messages: Promotes the exchange of Ras-bound GDP by GTP.

10090:Sirt5
gene id: 10090:Sirt5
uniprot id: A0A1Y7VM56
uniprot id: Q8K2C6
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sirtuin family. Class III subfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Detected in brain, liver, heart, kidney, lung, thymus, spleen, skeletal muscle, intestine, pancreas and testis (at protein level).
messages: In contrast to class I sirtuins, class III sirtuins have only weak deacetylase activity. Difference in substrate specificity is probably due to a larger hydrophobic pocket with 2 residues (Tyr-102 and Arg-105) that bind to malonylated and succinylated substrates and define the specificity.
messages: Mice are born at an abnormal Mendelian ratio with the number of live-born pups reduced by 40% (PubMed:24076663). Surviving mice display a global protein hypersuccinylation and hyperglutarylation in both liver and skeletal muscle, while global lysine acetylation is not significantly impacted (PubMed:22076378, PubMed:24315375, PubMed:23806337, PubMed:24703693). Mice display elevated levels of blood ammonia during fasting, but otherwise are metabolically similar to wild-type (PubMed:24076663). No overt phenotype observed in mice on chow or high fat diet, suggesting that Sirt5 may be dispensable for basal homeostasis under these conditions (PubMed:24076663). After 48 hours of fasting, the absence of Cps1 activation leads to elevated blood ammonia levels, possibly due to the presence of succinylation at 'Lys-1291' in Cps1 (PubMed:22076378). Animals show a decrease of fatty acid oxidation and increase of acylcarnitines accumulation (PubMed:24315375).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with CPS1 (PubMed:19410549). Interacts with PCCA (PubMed:23438705).
messages: Monomer. Homodimer. Interacts with CPS1.
messages: NAD-dependent lysine demalonylase, desuccinylase and deglutarylase that specifically removes malonyl, succinyl and glutaryl groups on target proteins (PubMed:23806337, PubMed:21908771, PubMed:22076378, PubMed:24315375, PubMed:24703693). Activates CPS1 and contributes to the regulation of blood ammonia levels during prolonged fasting: acts by mediating desuccinylation and deglutarylation of CPS1, thereby increasing CPS1 activity in response to elevated NAD levels during fasting (PubMed:19410549, PubMed:24703693). Activates SOD1 by mediating its desuccinylation, leading to reduced reactive oxygen species (By similarity). Activates SHMT2 by mediating its desuccinylation (By similarity). Modulates ketogenesis through the desuccinylation and activation of HMGCS2 (PubMed:24315375). Has weak NAD-dependent protein deacetylase activity; however this activity may not be physiologically relevant in vivo. Can deacetylate cytochrome c (CYCS) and a number of other proteins in vitro such as Uox (PubMed:23085393).
messages: NAD-dependent lysine demalonylase, desuccinylase and deglutarylase that specifically removes malonyl, succinyl and glutaryl groups on target proteins. Activates CPS1 and contributes to the regulation of blood ammonia levels during prolonged fasting: acts by mediating desuccinylation and deglutarylation of CPS1, thereby increasing CPS1 activity in response to elevated NAD levels during fasting. Activates SOD1 by mediating its desuccinylation, leading to reduced reactive oxygen species. Modulates ketogenesis through the desuccinylation and activation of HMGCS2. Has weak NAD-dependent protein deacetylase activity; however this activity may not be physiologically relevant in vivo. Can deacetylate cytochrome c (CYCS) and a number of other proteins in vitro such as Uox.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The ability to deacetylate Uox in vivo is unclear. The anti-acetylated lysine antibody used in the assay is not fully specific and cross-reacts with some acylated lysines. It is therefore possible that it also recognizes N6-malonyllysine and N6-succinyllysine residues (PubMed:23085393).
messages: cytosol

10090:Mettl2
gene id: 10090:Mettl2
uniprot id: Q8BMK1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. METL family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Mice were born with normal Mendelian ratio without developmental defects (PubMed:28655767). Cells show reduced N(3)-methylcytidine modification in tRNA fractions (PubMed:28655767).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with DALRD3.
messages: S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that mediates N(3)-methylcytidine modification of residue 32 of the tRNA anticodon loop of tRNA(Thr)(UGU) and tRNA(Arg)(CCU) (PubMed:28655767). N(3)-methylcytidine methylation by METTL2 requires the N6-threonylcarbamoylation of tRNA (t6A37) by the EKC/KEOPS complex as prerequisite (By similarity).

10090:Olfr18
gene id: 10090:Olfr18
uniprot id: Q0VAX9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Odorant receptor.

10090:4930404N11Rik
gene id: 10090:4930404N11Rik
uniprot id: A6H6Q4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating. Located at the center of the tektin bundle where may function to recruit tektins or stabilize the bundle.
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:3110009E18Rik
gene id: 10090:3110009E18Rik
uniprot id: Q9CRW3
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0538 family.

10090:Tuba3a
gene id: 10090:Tuba3a
uniprot id: P05214
uniprot id: Q5FW91
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is located inside the microtubule lumen. This modification has been correlated with increased microtubule stability, intracellular transport and ciliary assembly.
messages: Alpha-3 and alpha-7 are identical but coded by two different genes, they are testis-specific.
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Detyrosination is involved in metaphase plate congression by guiding chromosomes during mitosis: detyrosination promotes interaction with CENPE, promoting pole-proximal transport of chromosomes toward the equator (By similarity). Detyrosination increases microtubules-dependent mechanotransduction in dystrophic cardiac and skeletal muscle (PubMed:26446751). In cardiomyocytes, detyrosinated microtubules are required to resist to contractile compression during contraction: detyrosination promotes association with desmin (DES) at force-generating sarcomeres, leading to buckled microtubules and mechanical resistance to contraction (PubMed:27102488).
messages: Dimer of alpha and beta chains. A typical microtubule is a hollow water-filled tube with an outer diameter of 25 nm and an inner diameter of 15 nM. Alpha-beta heterodimers associate head-to-tail to form protofilaments running lengthwise along the microtubule wall with the beta-tubulin subunit facing the microtubule plus end conferring a structural polarity. Microtubules usually have 13 protofilaments but different protofilament numbers can be found in some organisms and specialized cells.
messages: Methylation of alpha chains at Lys-40 is found in mitotic microtubules and is required for normal mitosis and cytokinesis contributing to genomic stability.
messages: Nitration of Tyr-450 is irreversible and interferes with normal dynein intracellular distribution.
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglutamylated, resulting in polyglutamate chains on the gamma-carboxyl group (PubMed:15890843). Polyglutamylation plays a key role in microtubule severing by spastin (SPAST). SPAST preferentially recognizes and acts on microtubules decorated with short polyglutamate tails: severing activity by SPAST increases as the number of glutamates per tubulin rises from one to eight, but decreases beyond this glutamylation threshold (By similarity). Glutamylation is also involved in cilia motility (PubMed:23897886).
messages: Some glutamate residues at the C-terminus are polyglycylated, resulting in polyglycine chains on the gamma-carboxyl group. Glycylation is mainly limited to tubulin incorporated into axonemes (cilia and flagella) whereas glutamylation is prevalent in neuronal cells, centrioles, axonemes, and the mitotic spindle. Both modifications can coexist on the same protein on adjacent residues, and lowering polyglycylation levels increases polyglutamylation, and reciprocally. Cilia and flagella glycylation is required for their stability and maintenance. Flagella glycylation controls sperm motility (PubMed:33414192).
messages: The MREC motif may be critical for tubulin autoregulation.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, a cylinder consisting of laterally associated linear protofilaments composed of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, tubulin dimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin.
messages: Tyrosination promotes microtubule interaction with CAP-Gly domain-containing proteins such as CLIP1, CLIP2 and DCTN1 (PubMed:16954346, PubMed:19564401). Tyrosination regulates the initiation of dynein-dynactin motility via interaction with DCTN1, which brings the dynein-dynactin complex into contact with microtubules. In neurons, tyrosinated tubulins mediate the initiation of retrograde vesicle transport (By similarity).
messages: Undergoes a tyrosination/detyrosination cycle, the cyclic removal and re-addition of a C-terminal tyrosine residue by the enzymes tubulin tyrosine carboxypeptidase (MATCAP, VASH1 or VASH2) and tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL), respectively.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ccar2
gene id: 10090:Ccar2
uniprot id: Q8VDP4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation at Lys-112 and Lys-215 by KAT8 prevents inhibitory binding to SIRT1 and increases its deacetylase activity.
messages: Component of the DBIRD complex (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF326/ZIRD; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with SIRT1, which inhibits the deacetylation of substrates (PubMed:21030595). Interacts (via N-terminus) with SUV39H1; this interaction abolishes the interaction with SIRT1 (PubMed:19218236). Component of a nuclear receptor-mediated transcription complex composed of at least ZNF335, CCAR2 and EMSY; the complex stimulates the transcription of nuclear receptor target genes such as SOX9 and HOXA1 (By similarity). Within the complex interacts with EMSY and interacts with ZNF335 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Components of this complex may associate with components of a histone methylation complex to form a complex at least composed of ZNF335, HCFC1, CCAR2, EMSY, MKI67, RBBP5, ASH2L and WDR5 (By similarity). Within this complex, interacts with ASH2L (By similarity). Interacts with NR1D1 (PubMed:23398316). Interacts (via N-terminus) with ESR1 and ESR2 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with HDAC3 (via C-terminus) (PubMed:21030595). Interacts with HDAC1 and MED2F (PubMed:21030595). Interacts with MCC (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with NR1H2 and NR1H3 in a ligand-independent manner (By similarity). Interacts with CSNK2A1 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with p53/TP53 (PubMed:25732823). Interacts (via N-terminus) with BRCA1 (via the BRCT domains) (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CHEK2 (via protein kinase domain) (By similarity). Interacts with PSEM3 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with PSIA3 and SENP1 (By similarity). The sumoylated form shows a preferential interaction with SIRT1 as compared to its unmodified form (By similarity).
messages: Core component of the DBIRD complex, a multiprotein complex that acts at the interface between core mRNP particles and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and integrates transcript elongation with the regulation of alternative splicing: the DBIRD complex affects local transcript elongation rates and alternative splicing of a large set of exons embedded in (A + T)-rich DNA regions (By similarity). Inhibits SIRT1 deacetylase activity leading to increasing levels of p53/TP53 acetylation and p53-mediated apoptosis (By similarity). Inhibits SUV39H1 methyltransferase activity (PubMed:19218236). Mediates ligand-dependent transcriptional activation by nuclear hormone receptors (By similarity). Plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and cellular integrity following UV-induced genotoxic stress (By similarity). Regulates the circadian expression of the core clock components NR1D1 and BMAL1 (PubMed:23398316). Enhances the transcriptional repressor activity of NR1D1 through stabilization of NR1D1 protein levels by preventing its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation (PubMed:23398316). Represses the ligand-dependent transcriptional activation function of ESR2 (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of PCK1 expression and gluconeogenesis by a mechanism that involves, at least in part, both NR1D1 and SIRT1 (PubMed:24415752). Negatively regulates the deacetylase activity of HDAC3 and can alter its subcellular localization (PubMed:21030595). Positively regulates the beta-catenin pathway (canonical Wnt signaling pathway) and is required for MCC-mediated repression of the beta-catenin pathway (By similarity). Represses ligand-dependent transcriptional activation function of NR1H2 and NR1H3 and inhibits the interaction of SIRT1 with NR1H3 (By similarity). Plays an important role in tumor suppression through p53/TP53 regulation; stabilizes p53/TP53 by affecting its interaction with ubiquitin ligase MDM2 (PubMed:25732823). Represses the transcriptional activator activity of BRCA1 …
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Genotoxic stress induces its sumoylation and sumoylation promotes the SIRT1-CCAR2 interaction which in turn inhibits SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of p53/TP53. Sumoylation leads to transcriptional activation of p53/TP53 by sequestering SIRT1 from p53/TP53. Desumoylated by SENP1.
messages: Mice mimic a fasted state and therefore, display an increased production of glucose. Display elevated levels of PCK1 and are glucose-intolerant in both a normal and a high-fat diet (PubMed:24415752). Mice develop more tumors including lymphomas, liver tumors, lung tumors (PubMed:25732823).
messages: Nucleus
messages: spindle

10090:Tmem50b
gene id: 10090:Tmem50b
uniprot id: Q9D1X9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UPF0220 family.
messages: Detected in cortical plate, trigeminal ganglion, dorsal root ganglia and the spinal cord at embryonic stage 14.5 dpc. Widely expressed in brain at postnatal day 7 including cortex, olfactory bulb, hippocampus and cerebellum. Expressed throughout layers II-VI of the cortex. In the olfactory bulb, has strongest expression in glomerular and mitral cell layers. In hippocampus, localizes to CA1, CA2, CA3 and dentate gyrus regions. In cerebellum, mainly expressed in the internal granule cell layer and the Purkinje cell layer.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, heart and testis (at protein level). In the cerebellum, has particularly strong expression in Bergmann astroglial cells (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: May form homotrimers or homodimers.

10090:Ccdc103
gene id: 10090:Ccdc103
uniprot id: Q9D9P2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CCDC103/PR46b family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Dynein-attachment factor required for cilia motility.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: flagellum

10090:Ccdc137
gene id: 10090:Ccdc137
uniprot id: Q8R0K4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Chromosome

10090:Hcls1
gene id: 10090:Hcls1
uniprot id: P49710
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed only in tissues and cells of hematopoietic origin.
messages: Interacts (via SH2 domain) with FGR (By similarity). Associates with the SH2 and SH3 domains of LCK. Binding to he LCK SH3 domain occurs constitutively, while binding to the LCK SH2 domain occurs only upon TCR stimulation. A similar binding pattern was observed with LYN, but not with FYN in which the FYN SH2 region associates upon TCR stimulation but the FYN SH3 region does not associate regardless of TCR stimulation. Directly associates with HAX1, through binding to its C-terminal region. Interacts with HS1BP3. Interacts with FES/FPS. Forms a multiprotein complex with LYN and ANKRD54.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Phosphorylated by LYN, FYN and FGR after cross-linking of surface IgM on B-cells. Phosphorylation by LYN, FYN and FGR requires prior phosphorylation by SYK (By similarity). Binds to LCK in vivo, and is tyrosine phosphorylated upon TCR stimulation. Phosphorylated by FES.
messages: Substrate of the antigen receptor-coupled tyrosine kinase. Plays a role in antigen receptor signaling for both clonal expansion and deletion in lymphoid cells. May also be involved in the regulation of gene expression (By similarity).

10090:Slitrk6
gene id: 10090:Slitrk6
uniprot id: A6H6M2
uniprot id: Q8C110
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SLITRK family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During inner ear development, detected early in the otic vesicle, and later in cochlear and vestibular sensory epithelia. Present in the presumptive organ of Corti by 14.5 dpc, and then confined to the supporting cell types at later stages of embryonic development and at the newborn. In the vestibular sensory epithelia, present at the lumenal surface. However, it is detected in the non-hair cell region, presumably in the lumenal processes of the supporting cells. Transiently expressed in the spiral and vestibular ganglion neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:19936227). First expressed at 8.5 dpc. In the newborn, broadly detected in neural retina. Later, in P10 retina, expression is enhanced in the inner nuclear and outer plexiform layers. Expression in retina decreases as development proceeded, and is detected in the inner nuclear layer and in a subset of cells in the ganglion cell layer of adults (PubMed:23543054).
messages: In the embryo, expressed in otic cyst, lateral trunk epidermis and underlying mesodermal tissue, limb bud, maxillary process, cochlea, retina, tongue, tooth primordium, central nervous system, and primordia of visceral organs including lung, gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. In the central nervous system, expressed primarily in dorsal thalamus, cerebellum and medulla.
messages: Male and female mice grow without showing any external abnormalities and are fertile but display auditory deficits. In the developing inner ear, mice show pronounced reduction of cochlear innervation, despite normal gross morphology and general organization of the organ of Corti (PubMed:19936227). Adult mice have reduced startle response and impaired auditory brainstem responses consistent with mid-frequency range hearing loss (PubMed:21298075). Retinas in postnatal development display a delay in synaptogenesis (PubMed:23543054).
messages: Regulator of neurite outgrowth required for normal hearing and vision.

10090:Cdkl1
gene id: 10090:Cdkl1
uniprot id: Q14BG3
uniprot id: Q8CEQ0
names: Domain
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The [NKR]KIAxRE motif seems to be a cyclin-binding region.

10090:Zfp46
gene id: 10090:Zfp46
uniprot id: Q8BPP0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Lens, liver, heart, kidney, spleen and brain.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fmr1
gene id: 10090:Fmr1
uniprot id: E9QAT0
uniprot id: E9QNF5
uniprot id: Q547R0
uniprot id: Q6AXB7
uniprot id: Q8BPK8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the FMR1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule
messages: Membrane
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Synaptic cell membrane
messages: axon
messages: centromere
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine
messages: filopodium tip
messages: growth cone
messages: neuron projection
messages: nucleolus
messages: perinuclear region
messages: synaptosome

10090:Vmn1r34
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r34
uniprot id: G3XA52
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cib1
gene id: 10090:Cib1
uniprot id: Q9Z0F4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Calcium-binding protein that plays a role in the regulation of numerous cellular processes, such as cell differentiation, cell division, cell proliferation, cell migration, thrombosis, angiogenesis, cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis. Involved in bone marrow megakaryocyte differentiation by negatively regulating thrombopoietin-mediated signaling pathway. Participates in the endomitotic cell cycle of megakaryocyte, a form of mitosis in which both karyokinesis and cytokinesis are interrupted. Plays a role in integrin signaling by negatively regulating alpha-IIb/beta3 activation in thrombin-stimulated megakaryocytes preventing platelet aggregation. Up-regulates PTK2/FAK1 activity, and is also needed for the recruitment of PTK2/FAK1 to focal adhesions; it thus appears to play an important role in focal adhesion formation. Positively regulates cell migration on fibronectin in a CDC42-dependent manner, the effect being negatively regulated by PAK1. Functions as a negative regulator of stress activated MAP kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Down-regulates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-dependent calcium signaling. Involved in sphingosine kinase SPHK1 translocation to the plasma membrane in a N-myristoylation-dependent manner preventing TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Regulates serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK3 activity for proper completion of cell division progression. Plays a role in microtubule (MT) dynamics during neuronal development; disrupts the MT depolymerization activity of STMN2 attenuating NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and the MT reorganization at the edge of lamellipodia. Promotes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via activation of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Stimulates calcineurin PPP3R1 activity by mediating its anchoring to the sarcolemma. In ischemia-induced (pathological or adaptive) angiogenesis, stimulates endothelial cell proliferation, migration and microvessel formation by activating the PAK1 and ERK1/ERK2 signaling pathway. Promotes also ca…
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the heart at 16 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:20639889). On P7, detected mainly at the apical surface of hair cells (PubMed:16418530). In outer hair cells, it was observed in the kinocilium and in the basal body region at the periphery of the hair cell (PubMed:16418530).
messages: Expressed strongly in Sertoli cells, weakly in pachytene spermatocytes, round spermatids and condensing spermatids (at protein level) (PubMed:16982698). Expressed in testis (PubMed:16982698). Expressed in cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells (PubMed:17975111, PubMed:18989529, PubMed:20639889). Expressed in heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and inner ear (PubMed:29255404). In the inner ear, expressed in the vestibule, basilar membrane and spiral ganglion cells (PubMed:29255404).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice grow normally and are healthy; other family members (CIB2, CIB3 and CIB4) may probably compensate for CIB1 loss (PubMed:18989529). Males are sterile: spermatogenic cells can complete both mitotic and meiotic divisions, but postmeiotic spermatids do not develop normally and sperm is not produced (PubMed:16982698). Display increased bone marrow megakaryocytes and circulating platelets (PubMed:22128142). Mice display tail bleeding time increase, impaired thrombus formation and angiogenesis defect after ischemia (PubMed:19691476). Show compromised tumor growth (PubMed:20804551). Does not affect auditory function (PubMed:29255404).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with the heterodimeric integrin alpha-IIb/beta3 (ITGA2B-ITGB3). Interacts with ITGA2B (via cytoplasmic domain); the interaction is direct and calcium-dependent. Interacts with the protein kinases PLK2/SNK and PRKDC (via the region immediately upstream of the kinase domain). Interacts with PLK3; the interaction inhibits PLK3 kinase activity. Interacts with PSEN2. Interacts (via C-terminus) with F8. Interacts with NBR1 (via C-terminus). Interacts with FEZ1 (via C-terminus). Interacts with UBR5 (via C-terminus); the interaction is sensitive to DNA damage, and may target CIB1 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Interacts with IFI6; the interaction is direct. Interacts with BCL2. Interacts with TAS1R2 (via C-terminus); the interaction is independent of the myristoylation state of CIB1. Interacts with ITPR3; the interaction occurs in a calcium dependent manner. Interacts with PTK2/FAK1. Interacts with MAP3K5; the interaction inhibits MAP3K5 activation by phosphorylation, and its subsequent interaction with TRAF2. Interacts (via C-terminal region) with STMN2 (via the N-terminal region); the interaction is direct, occurs in a calcium-dependent manner and attenuates the STMN2-induced neurite outgrowth inhibition. Interacts with SPHK1, the interaction occurs in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with ITGA2B (via C-terminal cytoplasmic tail); the interaction occurs upon platelet aggregation and is stabilized/increased in a calcium and magnesium-dependent manner. Interacts with PAK1 (via N-terminal region); the interaction is direct and occurs in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with RAC3 (via C-terminal region); the interaction induces their association with the cytoskeleton upon alpha-IIb/beta3 integrin-mediated adhesion. Interacts with ITGA5 and ITGAV (By similarity). Interacts with MYO1C. Interacts with ITGA2B (via C-terminal cytoplasmic tail region). Interacts (via C-terminal region) with PPP3R1 isoform 1 and isoform 2; the interactions increase …
messages: Nucleus
messages: Perikaryon
messages: The EF-hands may also bind magnesium ions in the presence of high Mg(2+) levels and low Ca(2+) levels.
messages: The binding of either calcium or magnesium significantly increases the structural stability of the protein in comparison to apo-CIB (calcium- and magnesium-free form).
messages: Up-regulated upon cardiomyocytes hypertrophy (at protein level).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: filopodium tip
messages: growth cone
messages: lamellipodium
messages: neuron projection
messages: perinuclear region
messages: ruffle membrane
messages: sarcolemma

10090:Olfr354
gene id: 10090:Olfr354
uniprot id: Q8VGJ8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tnfaip2
gene id: 10090:Tnfaip2
uniprot id: Q61333
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SEC6 family.
messages: In 10-day embryos B94 is expressed prominently in the myocardium and in the aortic arch. By the 15th day of gestation, expression is restricted largely to the liver, the bone forming regions of the jaw, the aortic endothelium, and the nasopharynx: a pattern that is maintained until just prior to birth. Postnatally, expression shifts to the red pulp of the spleen and the thymic medulla.
messages: May play a role as a mediator of inflammation and angiogenesis.

10090:Optn
gene id: 10090:Optn
uniprot id: Q8K3K8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Expressed from 7-day-old embryos.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: In eye, it is expressed in anterior segment, retina, and optic nerve blood vessels (at protein level). Highly expressed in adult liver, heart and testis.
messages: OPTN E59K transgenic mice exhibit profound gliosis in the retina.
messages: OPTN-deficient cells display reduced TBK1 activation, IRF3 phosphorylation, and expression of type I IFNs in response to TLR3 and TLR4 stimulation, indicating a role for OPTN in the innate immune response.
messages: Phosphorylated by TBK1, leading to restrict bacterial proliferation in case of infection.
messages: Plays an important role in the maintenance of the Golgi complex, in membrane trafficking, in exocytosis, through its interaction with myosin VI and Rab8. Links myosin VI to the Golgi complex and plays an important role in Golgi ribbon formation. Plays a role in the activation of innate immune response during viral infection. Mechanistically, recruits TBK1 at the Golgi apparatus, promoting its trans-phosphorylation after RLR or TLR3 stimulation. In turn, activated TBK1 phosphorylates its downstream partner IRF3 to produce IFN-beta. Plays a neuroprotective role in the eye and optic nerve. May act by regulating membrane trafficking and cellular morphogenesis via a complex that contains Rab8 and hungtingtin (HD). Mediates the interaction of Rab8 with the probable GTPase-activating protein TBC1D17 during Rab8-mediated endocytic trafficking, such as that of transferrin receptor (TFRC/TfR); regulates Rab8 recruitment to tubules emanating from the endocytic recycling compartment. Autophagy receptor that interacts directly with both the cargo to become degraded and an autophagy modifier of the MAP1 LC3 family; targets ubiquitin-coated bacteria (xenophagy), such as cytoplasmic Salmonella enterica, and appears to function in the same pathway as SQSTM1 and CALCOCO2/NDP52.
messages: Recycling endosome
messages: Self-associates (By similarity). Interacts with HD, GTF3A, TRAF3, TBK1 and MYO6. Interacts (via UBAN) with ubiquitinated TFRC. Interacts with active GTP-bound Rab8 (RAB8A and/or RAB8B). Interacts with TBC1D17. Binds to linear ubiquitin chains. Interacts with LC3 family members MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, GABARAP, GABARAPL1 and GABARAPL2; OPTN phosphorylation increases the association (at least with MAP1LC3B). Interacts with RAB12; the interaction may be indirect. Interacts with TBK1; this interaction leads to the Golgi localization of TBK1 and its subsequent activation. Interacts with palmitoyltransferase ZDHHC17/HIP14; the interaction does not lead to palmitoylation of OPTN (By similarity). Interacts with CYLD (By similarity). Interacts with TOM1; the interaction is indirect and is mediated by MYO6, which acts as a bridge between TOM1 and OPTN (By similarity).
messages: The LIR (LC3-interacting region) motif mediates the interaction with ATG8 family proteins.
messages: Ubiquitin-binding motif (UBAN) is essential for its inhibitory function, subcellular localization and interaction with TBK1.
messages: autophagosome
messages: perinuclear region
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Sema4b
gene id: 10090:Sema4b
uniprot id: Q62179
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the semaphorin family.
messages: Expressed from day 10 in the embryo. Low levels found between days 10-12. Expression peaks on day 13 with moderate levels from then until birth.
messages: Inhibits axonal extension by providing local signals to specify territories inaccessible for growing axons.
messages: Interacts with GIPC PDZ domain.
messages: Membrane

10090:Acsm2
gene id: 10090:Acsm2
uniprot id: Q8K0L3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the activation of fatty acids by CoA to produce an acyl-CoA, the first step in fatty acid metabolism (By similarity). Capable of activating medium-chain fatty acids (e.g. butyric (C4) to decanoic (C10) acids), and certain carboxylate-containing xenobiotics, e.g. benzoate (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer.

10090:Olfr731
gene id: 10090:Olfr731
uniprot id: F8VQB9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Sytl4
gene id: 10090:Sytl4
uniprot id: Q9R0Q1
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in the pancreatic islet, in particular in insulin-positive beta cells, and in pituitary.
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Membrane
messages: Modulates exocytosis of dense-core granules and secretion of hormones in the pancreas and the pituitary. Interacts with vesicles containing negatively charged phospholipids in a Ca(2+)-independent manner.
messages: Part of a ternary complex containing STX1A and RAB27A. Can bind both dominant negative and dominant active mutants of RAB27A. Binds STXBP1, RAB3A, RAB8A and RAB27B. Interacts with MYO5A.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Alcam
gene id: 10090:Alcam
uniprot id: E9Q3Q6
uniprot id: Q54AJ5
uniprot id: Q61490
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell adhesion molecule that mediates both heterotypic cell-cell contacts via its interaction with CD6, as well as homotypic cell-cell contacts. Promotes T-cell activation and proliferation via its interactions with CD6 (By similarity). Contributes to the formation and maturation of the immunological synapse via its interactions with CD6 (By similarity). Mediates homotypic interactions with cells that express ALCAM (PubMed:24740813). Mediates attachment of dendritic cells onto endothelial cells via homotypic interaction. Inhibits endothelial cell migration and promotes endothelial tube formation via homotypic interactions (PubMed:23169771). Required for normal organization of the lymph vessel network (PubMed:23169771). Required for normal hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in the bone marrow (PubMed:24740813). Plays a role in hematopoiesis; required for normal numbers of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow (PubMed:25730656). Promotes in vitro osteoblast proliferation and differentiation (PubMed:25730656). Promotes neurite extension, axon growth and axon guidance; axons grow preferentially on surfaces that contain ALCAM (By similarity). Mediates outgrowth and pathfinding for retinal ganglion cell axons (PubMed:15345243).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected on brain motor neurons, in differentiating retinal ganglion cells and in adult retina (PubMed:15345243). Detected on leukocytes and on lymphatic endothelial cells (PubMed:23169771). Detected in spleen B cells and T-cells (at protein level) (PubMed:9209500). Detected in adult brain and embryonic spinal cord (PubMed:15345243). Expressed at high levels in the brain, and lung, and at lower levels in the liver, and the kidney, as well as by activated leukocytes (PubMed:9209500).
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with CD6 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:9209500, PubMed:16914752). Homodimerization and interaction with CD6 involve the same region and cannot occur simultaneously. The affinity for CD6 is much higher than the affinity for self-association. Interacts (via glycosylated extracellular domain) with LGALS1 and LGALS3. Interaction with LGALS1 or LGALS3 inhibits interaction with CD6.
messages: Mice are born at the expected Mendelian rate, are viable and fertile and display no obvious external phenotype. Unlike wild-type mice, that have tightly fasciculated and smooth nerve bundles, mutant mice have more loosely bundled nerves with many single axons extending out of the main nerve. Eyes from mutant mice display a variable degree of retinal displasia (PubMed:15345243). Besides, lymph nodes from mutant mice display reduced weight and cellularity, but appear otherwise normal (PubMed:23169771). Mutant mice have only half of the normal number of hematopoietic stem cells in their bone marrow (PubMed:24740813, PubMed:25730656). Survival of lethally irradiated mice that receive bone marrow from mutant mice is impaired, due to impaired homotypic cell-cell attachment, impaired engraftment and proliferation of mutant hematopoietic stem cells (PubMed:24740813). Mutant mice are larger and heavier than wild-type and have increased bone mineral density (PubMed:25730656). Mutant spleen has an altered leukocyte composition, with reduced numbers of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils and macrophages, but no change in the total leukocyte number. Their lungs display reduced numbers of lymph vessel and blood vessel endothelial cells, but no difference in lung weight. Lymph vessels in mesentery and diaphragm are more densely interconnected and show a decreased level of hierarchical vascular organization in mutant mice (PubMed:23169771).
messages: The CD6 binding site is located in the N-terminal Ig-like domain.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Vmn1r21
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r21
uniprot id: Q8R2C6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr935
gene id: 10090:Olfr935
uniprot id: Q8VG16
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tubg2
gene id: 10090:Tubg2
uniprot id: Q6F4J0
uniprot id: Q8VCK3
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tubulin family.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-131 by BRSK1 regulates centrosome duplication, possibly by mediating relocation of gamma-tubulin and its associated proteins from the cytoplasm to the centrosome.
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles or the centrosome. Pericentriolar matrix component that regulates alpha/beta chain minus-end nucleation, centrosome duplication and spindle formation (By similarity).
messages: Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules. The gamma chain is found at microtubule organizing centers (MTOC) such as the spindle poles or the centrosome. Pericentriolar matrix component that regulates alpha/beta chain minus-end nucleation, centrosome duplication and spindle formation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Fam13a
gene id: 10090:Fam13a
uniprot id: Q8BGI4
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM13 family.
messages: Expressed in the mammary gland, with similar levels at all stages of development, including pregnancy, lactation and involution.

10090:S100a7l2
gene id: 10090:S100a7l2
uniprot id: G3UWB8
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.

10090:Fut11
gene id: 10090:Fut11
uniprot id: B2RRR9
uniprot id: Q8BHC9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 10 family.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Has fucosyltransferase activity toward biantennary N-glycan acceptors. Does not fucosylate GlcNAc residue within type 2 lactosamine unit.
messages: Membrane
messages: Predominantly fucosylates the innermost N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) residue in biantennary N-glycan acceptors.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at slightly higher level in heart, kidney and lung.

10090:B4galt5
gene id: 10090:B4galt5
uniprot id: Q3U7I0
uniprot id: Q9JMK0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of lactosylceramide (LacCer) via the transfer of galactose from UDP-galactose to glucosylceramide (GlcCer) (PubMed:21057870, PubMed:23882130, PubMed:30114188). LacCer is the starting point in the biosynthesis of all gangliosides (membrane-bound glycosphingolipids) which play pivotal roles in the CNS including neuronal maturation and axonal and myelin formation (PubMed:30114188). Plays a role in the glycosylation of BMPR1A and regulation of its protein stability (PubMed:29415997). Essential for extraembryonic development during early embryogenesis (PubMed:20574042, PubMed:21057870).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Highest levels in heart, brain, liver and kidney with lower levels in spleen, lung and testis.
messages: In the brain, expression increases after birth.
messages: Membrane
messages: Single knockout mice show early embryonic lethality (PubMed:20574042). Mice with conditional knockout in embryonic fibroblasts are born normally, grow to adulthood without apparent abnormalities but have reduced glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity (PubMed:30114188). Double knockout mice of B4GALT5 and B4GALT6 genes develop normally during embryogenesis and perinatal stage (PubMed:30114188). However, they show growth retardation and motor deficits with hindlimb dysfunction at 2 weeks of age, and they all die by 4 weeks of age (PubMed:30114188). Axonal and myelin formation are remarkably impaired in the spinal cords and increased immature neurons in the cerebral cortices seen (PubMed:30114188). Glucosylceramide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity and major brain gangliosides are completely absent in brain (PubMed:30114188). Knockdown in subcutaneous adipose tissue alleviates insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, increases adipogenesis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice and ob/ob mice and reduces the glycosylation of BMPR1A (PubMed:29415997).
messages: Up-regulated in subcutaneous adipose tissue during obesity and diabetes (at protein level).

10090:Lipn
gene id: 10090:Lipn
uniprot id: Q3U4B4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
messages: Plays a highly specific role in the last step of keratinocyte differentiation. May have an essential function in lipid metabolism of the most differentiated epidermal layers (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Ak2
gene id: 10090:Ak2
uniprot id: Q9WTP6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the adenylate kinase family. AK2 subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible transfer of the terminal phosphate group between ATP and AMP. Plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis and in adenine nucleotide metabolism. Adenylate kinase activity is critical for regulation of the phosphate utilization and the AMP de novo biosynthesis pathways. Plays a key role in hematopoiesis.
messages: Consists of three domains, a large central CORE domain and two small peripheral domains, NMPbind and LID, which undergo movements during catalysis. The LID domain closes over the site of phosphoryl transfer upon ATP binding. Assembling and dissambling the active center during each catalytic cycle provides an effective means to prevent ATP hydrolysis.
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Monomer.
messages: Present in the inner ear. Not detected in the vestibule at any developmental stage. Present at high level in the cochlea uniquely in the stria vascularis at postnatal day 7 but not at birth. Present within the lumen of the stria vascularis capillaries. Not detected in the capillaries or vessels of the adjacent connective tissue (at protein level).

10090:Atp2a2
gene id: 10090:Atp2a2
uniprot id: O55143
uniprot id: Q5DTI2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIA subfamily.
messages: Ca(2+) and ATP binding cause major rearrangements of the cytoplasmic and transmembrane domains. According to the E1-E2 model, Ca(2+) binding to the cytosolic domain of the pump in the high-affinity E1 conformation is followed by the ATP-dependent phosphorylation of the active site Asp, giving rise to E1P. A conformational change of the phosphoenzyme gives rise to the low-affinity E2P state that exposes the Ca(2+) ions to the lumenal side and promotes Ca(2+) release. Dephosphorylation of the active site Asp mediates the subsequent return to the E1 conformation.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Has different conformational states with differential Ca2+ affinity. The E1 conformational state (active form) shows high Ca(2+) affinity, while the E2 state exhibits low Ca(2+) affinity. Reversibly inhibited by phospholamban (PLN) at low calcium concentrations (PubMed:22971924). Inhibited by sarcolipin (SLN) and myoregulin (MRLN). The inhibition is blocked by VMP1 (By similarity). Enhanced by DWORF; DWORF increases activity by displacing sarcolipin (SLN), phospholamban (PLN) and myoregulin (MRLN) (By similarity). Stabilizes SERCA2 in its E2 state (By similarity).
messages: Highly up-regulated during osteoclast differentiation.
messages: Interacts with TRAM2 (via C-terminus).
messages: Interacts with sarcolipin (SLN); the interaction inhibits ATP2A2 Ca(2+) affinity (By similarity). Interacts with phospholamban (PLN); the interaction inhibits ATP2A2 Ca(2+) affinity (PubMed:22971924). Interacts with myoregulin (MRLN) (By similarity). Interacts with DWORF (By similarity). Interacts with HAX1. Interacts with S100A8 and S100A9 (PubMed:18403730). Interacts with SLC35G1 and STIM1. Interacts with TMEM203 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM64 and PDIA3 (PubMed:23395171). Interacts with TMX2. Interacts with VMP1; VMP1 competes with PLN and SLN to prevent them from forming an inhibitory complex with ATP2A2. Interacts with ULK1 (By similarity). Interacts with S100A1 in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with TUNAR (PubMed:35036403).
messages: Involved in the regulation of the contraction/relaxation cycle (PubMed:23395171). Acts as a regulator of TNFSF11-mediated Ca(2+) signaling pathways via its interaction with TMEM64 which is critical for the TNFSF11-induced CREB1 activation and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation (PubMed:23395171). Association between TMEM64 and SERCA2 in the ER leads to cytosolic Ca(2+) spiking for activation of NFATC1 and production of mitochondrial ROS, thereby triggering Ca(2+) signaling cascades that promote osteoclast differentiation and activation (PubMed:23395171).
messages: Isoform 2 is highly expressed in heart and slow twitch skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is widely expressed.
messages: Membrane
messages: Nitrated under oxidative stress. Nitration on the two tyrosine residues inhibits catalytic activity.
messages: PLN and SLN both have a single transmembrane helix; both occupy a similar binding site that is situated between the ATP2A2 transmembrane helices.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum collapse and volume reduction. Although dimensions of cardiomyocyte are not affected, total surface area is significantly increased, resulting in increased T-tubule density.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Serotonylated on Gln residues by TGM2 in response to hypoxia, leading to its inactivation.
messages: This magnesium-dependent enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen. Involved in autophagy in response to starvation. Upon interaction with VMP1 and activation, controls ER-isolation membrane contacts for autophagosome formation. Also modulates ER contacts with lipid droplets, mitochondria and endosomes (By similarity).

10090:Olfr728
gene id: 10090:Olfr728
uniprot id: Q7TRM6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tspan2
gene id: 10090:Tspan2
uniprot id: Q922J6
uniprot id: Q9D1X8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tetraspanin (TM4SF) family.
messages: May play a role in signalling in oligodendrocytes in the early stages of their terminal differentiation into myelin-forming glia and may also function in stabilizing the mature sheath.
messages: Membrane

10090:Exoc1
gene id: 10090:Exoc1
uniprot id: Q5PPR2
uniprot id: Q6P1Y9
uniprot id: Q8R3S6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SEC3 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of the exocyst complex involved in the docking of exocytic vesicles with fusion sites on the plasma membrane.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Midbody ring
messages: The exocyst complex is composed of EXOC1, EXOC2, EXOC3, EXOC4, EXOC5, EXOC6, EXOC7 and EXOC8. Interacts with EEF1A1. Interacts with SLC6A9; interaction increases the transporter capacity of SLC6A9 probably by promoting its insertion into the cell membrane.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Zfand1
gene id: 10090:Zfand1
uniprot id: Q8BFR6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the 26S proteasome; this association occurs upon exposure to arsenite and is reduced in the presence of ATP. Interacts (via AN1-type 1 and 2 zinc fingers) with PSMD1; this interaction is increased upon arsenite treatment and occurs in an ATP-independent manner. Interacts with PSMC4. Interacts with PSMA1. Interacts (via its ubiquitin-like region) with VCP; this interaction occurs in an arsenite-dependent manner and is necessary for the recruitment of the ubiquitin-selective ATPase VCP to stress granules (SGs).
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) turnover. SGs are dynamic and transient cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein assemblies important for cellular protein homeostasis when protein production is suspended after acute exogenous stress. Associates with SGs and is involved in the efficient and specific arsenite-induced clearance process of SGs through the recruitment of the ubiquitin-selective ATPase VCP and the 26S proteasome. This process requires both complexes for efficient degradation of damaged ubiquitinated SG proteins during recovery from arsenite stress, and hence avoiding aberrant cytoplasmic SGs degradation via autophagy.
messages: Stress granule
messages: The ubiquitin-like region is necessary for its localization to stress granules (SGs) in a VCP-independent manner. The AN1-type 1 and 2 zinc finger domains are necessary for the recruitment of the 26S proteasome to SGs. Both the AN1-type 1 and 2 zinc finger domains and the ubiquitin-like region are necessary for efficient SGs clearance upon specific arsenite-induced responses.

10090:Rims4
gene id: 10090:Rims4
uniprot id: P60191
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds PPFIA3 (By similarity). Does not bind RAB3.
messages: Regulates synaptic membrane exocytosis.
messages: Synapse

10090:Tomm34
gene id: 10090:Tomm34
uniprot id: Q9CYG7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Tom34 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with HSP90A, VCP, ATP6V1D, KIAA0665, AMPK, and DMAP1 through its TPR repeat.
messages: Isoform 1 is ubiquitously expressed while isoform 2 is expressed only in mature testicular germ cells. Isoform 1 is expressed in all testicular cells. Isoform 2 is highly expressed in early to late pachytene cells but expression is significantly decreased in round spermatid cells.
messages: Isoform 2 is hardly detectable in testis at 1 week post partum but expression gradually increases for 2 to 4 weeks post partum. Isoform 1 is detected during this period but its expression does not change.
messages: Mice are viable, grow normally and both males and females are fertile. There is no effect on spermatogenesis or protein import into mitochondria.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Plays a role in the import of cytosolically synthesized preproteins into mitochondria. Binds the mature portion of precursor proteins. Interacts with cellular components, and possesses weak ATPase activity. May be a chaperone-like protein that helps to keep newly synthesized precursors in an unfolded import compatible state (By similarity).

10090:Bfsp1
gene id: 10090:Bfsp1
uniprot id: A2AMT1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated at Ala-35 following proteolytic cleavage at Leu-34.
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Complete loss of beaded filament structures in lens epithelial cells.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in eye lens fiber cells (at protein level) (PubMed:14985306, PubMed:19029034, PubMed:21745462). Expressed in retinal lens epithelial cells (at protein level) (PubMed:27559293).
messages: First expressed in retinal lens fiber cells during elongation and differentiation, becoming localized to the cytoplasm as fiber cells mature and the beaded filament network forms at 3 weeks of age.
messages: Myristoylated at Gly-432 following proteolytic cleavage at Asp-431.
messages: Part of a complex required for lens intermediate filament formation composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (By similarity). Identified in a complex that contains VIM, EZR, AHNAK, BFSP1, BFSP2, ANK2, PLEC, PRX and spectrin (PubMed:21745462). Found in a complex composed of PPL (via C-terminal linker domain), BFSP1 and BFSP2 in the retinal lens (PubMed:19029034). Within the complex interacts with BFSP2 (PubMed:19029034). Interacts (via C-terminus) with MIP (via C-terminus) in aged lens fiber cells (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved during lens cell fiber differentiation with increased fragmentation as fiber cell age increases.
messages: Required for the correct formation of lens intermediate filaments as part of a complex composed of BFSP1, BFSP2 and CRYAA (PubMed:27559293). Involved in altering the calcium regulation of MIP water permeability (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Dync1h1
gene id: 10090:Dync1h1
uniprot id: Q9JHU4
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the dynein heavy chain family.
messages: Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Dynein has ATPase activity; the force-producing power stroke is thought to occur on release of ADP. Plays a role in mitotic spindle assembly and metaphase plate congression.
messages: Defects in Dync1h1 are the cause of the 'Legs at odd angles' (LOA) phenotype, an autosomal dominant trait where affected animals display unusual twisting of the body and clenching of the hindlimbs when suspended by the tail. Heterozygotes suffer age-related progressive loss of muscle tone and locomotor ability without major reduction in life-span while homozygotes show a more severe phenotype with an inability to move or feed, and die within 24 hours of birth. LOA mutants display defects in migration of facial motor neuron cell bodies and impaired retrograde transport in spinal cord motor neurons.
messages: Defects in Dync1h1 are the cause of the Cramping 1 (Cra1) phenotype, an autosomal dominant trait where affected animals display unusual twisting of the body and clenching of the hindlimbs when suspended by the tail. Heterozygotes suffer age-related progressive loss of muscle tone and locomotor ability without major reduction in life-span while homozygotes show a more severe phenotype with an inability to move or feed, and die within 24 hours of birth.
messages: Dynein heavy chains probably consist of an N-terminal stem (which binds cargo and interacts with other dynein components), and the head or motor domain. The motor contains six tandemly-linked AAA domains in the head, which form a ring. A stalk-like structure (formed by two of the coiled coil domains) protrudes between AAA 4 and AAA 5 and terminates in a microtubule-binding site. A seventh domain may also contribute to this ring; it is not clear whether the N-terminus or the C-terminus forms this extra domain. There are four well-conserved and two non-conserved ATPase sites, one per AAA domain. Probably only one of these (within AAA 1) actually hydrolyzes ATP, the others may serve a regulatory function.
messages: Homodimer. The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and dynein LCs assemble on the IC dimer. Interacts with DYNC1LI1; DYNC1LI1 and DYNC1LI2 bind mutually exclusive to DYNC1H1. Interacts with DYNC1LI2; DYNC1LI1 and DYNC1LI2 bind mutually exclusive to DYNC1H1. Interacts with DYNC1I2 (By similarity). Interacts with BICD2 (PubMed:22956769). Interacts with DNALI1 (PubMed:16496424).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Mlkl
gene id: 10090:Mlkl
uniprot id: Q9D2Y4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated via binding to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which mediates the release of an N-terminal auto-inhibitory region (By similarity). Activation requires not only RIPK3-dependent phosphorylation but also binding to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in thymus, colon, intestine, liver, spleen and lung. Expressed at much lower level in skeletal muscle, heart and kidney. Not detected in brain.
messages: Homooligomer (By similarity). Homotrimer; forms homotrimers on necroptosis induction (By similarity). Upon TNF-induced necrosis, forms in complex with PGAM5, RIPK1 and RIPK3 (By similarity). Within this complex, may play a role in the proper targeting of RIPK1-RIPK3 to its downstream effector PGAM5 (By similarity). Interacts with RIPK3; the interaction is direct and promotes its phosphorylation and subsequent activation (PubMed:22265413, PubMed:23612963, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729).
messages: In contrast to human protein, not inhibited by necrosulfonamide, because a Trp residue is present instead of a Cys in position 85.
messages: Interaction with RIPK3 is species specific: mouse MLKL only interacts with mouse RIPK3 and not human RIPK3.
messages: No visible phenotype: mice are viable, fertile and do not developmental or homeostatic phenotype in the absence of overt stress (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:24012422). However, these mice are resistant to TNF-induced necroptosis (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:24012422). At a modestly lethal dose of influenza A virus (IAV), mice do not display increased rates of mortality (PubMed:27321907, PubMed:32200799). Perinatal lethality observed in Ripk1 knockout mice is rescued in knockout mice lacking both Ripk1 and Mlkl (PubMed:27819681).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation by RIPK3 induces a conformational switch that is required for necroptosis (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729, PubMed:32200799). It also induces homotrimerization and localization to the plasma membrane (By similarity).
messages: Pseudokinase that plays a key role in TNF-induced necroptosis, a programmed cell death process (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24019532, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Does not have protein kinase activity (PubMed:24012422). Activated following phosphorylation by RIPK3, leading to homotrimerization, localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage (PubMed:23835476, PubMed:27321907, PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24019532). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). Binds to highly phosphorylated inositol phosphates such as inositolhexakisphosphate (InsP6) which is essential for its necroptotic function (By similarity).
messages: The coiled coil region 2 is responsible for homotrimerization.
messages: The protein kinase domain is catalytically inactive but contains an unusual pseudoactive site with an interaction between Lys-219 and Gln-343 residues (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729). Upon phosphorylation by RIPK3, undergoes an active conformation (PubMed:24012422, PubMed:24095729).

10090:Htr1f
gene id: 10090:Htr1f
uniprot id: Q02284
uniprot id: Q543V2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in hippocampus.
messages: G-protein coupled receptor for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Also functions as a receptor for various alkaloids and psychoactive substances. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.
messages: Membrane

10090:Atraid
gene id: 10090:Atraid
uniprot id: A8C1S6
uniprot id: Q6PGD0
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with NELL1; the interaction promotes osteoblastic differentiation and mineralization.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Promotes osteoblast cell differentiation and terminal mineralization. Plays a role in inducing the cell cycle arrest via inhibiting CCND1 expression in all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) signal pathway (By similarity).

10090:Aimp2
gene id: 10090:Aimp2
uniprot id: Q8R010
uniprot id: Q8R3V2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of the multisynthetase complex (MSC), a multisubunit complex that groups tRNA ligases for Arg (RARS1), Asp (DARS1), Gln (QARS1), Ile (IARS1), Leu (LARS1), Lys (KARS1), Met (MARS1) the bifunctional ligase for Glu and Pro (EPRS1) and the auxiliary subunits AIMP1/p43, AIMP2/p38 and EEF1E1/p18 (PubMed:12060739). Interacts (via N-terminus) with KARS1. Interacts with EPRS1. Forms a linear complex that contains MARS1, EEF1E1, EPRS1 and AIMP2 that is at the core of the multisubunit complex. Binds FUBP1 (via C-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts in both its unphosphorylated and phosphorylated forms with p53/TP53 (via N-terminus) in the nucleus following UV irradiation. Interacts (via N-terminus) with PRKN/parkin (via first RING-type domain). Interacts with TARS3.
messages: Phosphorylated on serine residues in response to UV irradiation.
messages: Reduced levels of component enzymes and associated factors of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase complex, lack of complex formation and lethality within two days of birth. Neonates display severe hyperplasia in a number of organs including lung, intestine and liver, lung failure, and disturbed thymocyte proliferation and differentiation. Embryonic fibroblasts deficient in Aimp2 are resistant to apoptosis following UV irradiation.
messages: Required for assembly and stability of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase complex (PubMed:12060739). Mediates ubiquitination and degradation of FUBP1, a transcriptional activator of MYC, leading to MYC down-regulation which is required for aveolar type II cell differentiation (PubMed:12819782). Blocks MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of p53/TP53 (PubMed:18695251). Functions as a proapoptotic factor (PubMed:16135753).
messages: Ubiquitinated by PRKN, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: cytosol

10090:Anxa5
gene id: 10090:Anxa5
uniprot id: P48036
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: A pair of annexin repeats may form one binding site for calcium and phospholipid.
messages: Belongs to the annexin family.
messages: Monomer. Binds ATRX and EIF5B (By similarity).
messages: S-nitrosylation is induced by interferon-gamma and oxidatively-modified low-densitity lipoprotein (LDL(ox)) possibly implicating the iNOS-S100A8/9 transnitrosylase complex.
messages: The [IL]-x-C-x-x-[DE] motif is a proposed target motif for cysteine S-nitrosylation mediated by the iNOS-S100A8/A9 transnitrosylase complex.
messages: This protein is an anticoagulant protein that acts as an indirect inhibitor of the thromboplastin-specific complex, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade.

10090:Med13
gene id: 10090:Med13
uniprot id: Q5SWW4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 13 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nol8
gene id: 10090:Nol8
uniprot id: E9QKD1
uniprot id: Q3UHX0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with the GTP form of RRAGA, RRAGC and RRAGD. Interacts with NIP7. Interacts with DDX18; the interaction is RNA-dependent. Interacts with DDX47; the interaction is RNA-dependent (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: Plays an essential role in the survival of diffuse-type gastric cancer cells. Acts as a nucleolar anchoring protein for DDX47. May be involved in regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level or in ribosome biogenesis in cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Grp
gene id: 10090:Grp
uniprot id: Q8R1I2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the bombesin/neuromedin-B/ranatensin family.
messages: Contrary to wild-type, mutant mice do not display imitative scratching after observing spontaneous scratching behavior in another mouse (PubMed:28280205).
messages: Detected in peptidergic dorsal root ganglion neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:17653196). Expressed in several dozen neurons throughout the dorsal retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group (RTN/pFRG) as well as in scattered cells in the nucleus tractus solitarius and parabrachial nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:26855425). Within the RTN/pFRG, expressed in neuronal subpopulations distinct from those expressing Nmb (at protein level) (PubMed:26855425). Expressed in L6 corticothalamic neurons (at protein level) (PubMed:34610277). Strongly expressed in several input areas of the auditory cortex including the lateral amygdala, contralateral auditory cortex, temporal association area, perirhinal cortex and auditory thalamic nuclei (at protein level) (PubMed:34610277). Detected in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus (PubMed:28280205). Detected in a subset of glutamatergic cells in the cortex (PubMed:34610277). Highly expressed both in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala, and in regions sending synaptic projections to the lateral nucleus (PubMed:12526815).
messages: Induces an itch response through activation of receptors present on mast cells, triggering mast cell degranulation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Stimulates the release of gastrin and other gastrointestinal hormones (By similarity). Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and to the transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior (PubMed:28280205, PubMed:17653196, PubMed:26658875). Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation (PubMed:28280205). In one study, shown to act in the amygdala as part of an inhibitory network which inhibits memory specifically related to learned fear (PubMed:12526815). In another study, shown to act on vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing cells in the auditory cortex, most likely via extrasynaptic diffusion from local and long-range sources, to mediate disinhibition of glutamatergic cells via VIP cell-specific GRPR signaling which leads to enhanced auditory fear memories (PubMed:34610277). Contributes to the regulation of food intake (PubMed:12176666). Inhibits voltage-gated sodium channels but enhances voltage-gated potassium channels in hippocampal neurons (By similarity). Contributes to the induction of sighing by acting directly on the pre-Botzinger complex, a cluster of several thousand neurons in the ventrolateral medulla responsible for inspiration during respiratory activity (PubMed:26855425).
messages: neuron projection
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Cnga1
gene id: 10090:Cnga1
uniprot id: P29974
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel (TC 1.A.1.5) family. CNGA1 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Forms a heterotetramer with CNGB1 in a 3:1 ratio. May also form cyclic nucleotide-activated homotetrameric channels, that are efficiently activated by saturating cGMP, but poorly activated by saturating cAMP compared to the heterotetramer with CNGB1.
messages: Rod cells in the retina and inner medulla of kidney.
messages: Subunit of the rod cyclic GMP-gated cation channel, which is involved in the final stage of the phototransduction pathway. When light hits rod photoreceptors, cGMP concentrations decrease causing rapid closure of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels and, therefore, hyperpolarization of the membrane potential.
messages: The C-terminal coiled-coil domain mediates homotrimerization of CNGA subunits.

10090:Gpatch3
gene id: 10090:Gpatch3
uniprot id: Q8BIY1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with mitochondrial MAVS; the interaction is markedly increased upon viral infection.
messages: Involved in transcriptional regulation. It is able to activate transcription from CXCR4 promoter and therefore it might control neural crest cell migration involved in ocular and craniofacial development. Is a negative regulator of immune antiviral response, acting via down-regulation of RIG-I-like receptors signaling and inhibition of type I interferon production. The control mechanism involves interaction with mitochondrial MAVS and inhibition of MAVS assembly with downstream proteins implicated in antiviral response, such as TBK1 and TRAF6.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sertad1
gene id: 10090:Sertad1
uniprot id: Q9JL10
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts at E2F-responsive promoters as coregulator to integrate signals provided by PHD- and/or bromodomain-containing transcription factors. Stimulates E2F1/TFDP1 transcriptional activity. Renders the activity of cyclin D1/CDK4 resistant to the inhibitory effects of CDKN2A/p16INK4A.
messages: Detected as early as 7 dpc and persist until, at least, 17 dpc.
messages: Detected at in testis, lung and, at lower levels, in muscle, liver, spleen, brain and heart.
messages: Interacts with the PHD-bromodomain of TIF1, TRIM28/TIF1B and p300/CBP. Interacts with E2F1 and TFDP1; modulates transactivation activity of TFDP1/E2F complexes. Also interacts with CDK4.
messages: Polyubiquitinated, which promotes proteasomal degradation.

10090:Lin7a
gene id: 10090:Lin7a
uniprot id: Q8JZS0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the lin-7 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the kidney, along the length of the nephron.
messages: Forms a complex with CASK and CASKIN1 (By similarity). Component of the brain-specific heterotrimeric complex (LIN-10-LIN-2-LIN-7 complex) composed of at least APBA1, CASK, and LIN7, which associates with the motor protein KIF17 to transport vesicles along microtubules (PubMed:10846156). Can also interact with other modular proteins containing protein-protein interaction domains like PALS1, PALS2, MPP7, DLG1, DLG2 and DLG3 through its L27 domain. Interacts with DLG4, GRIN2B and MARCHF11 as well as CDH1 and CTNNB1, the channels KCNJ12/Kir2.2, KCNJ4/Kir2.3 and probably KCNJ2/Kir2.1 and SLC6A12/BGT-1 via its PDZ domain. The association of LIN7A with cadherin and beta-catenin is calcium-dependent, occurs at synaptic junctions and requires the actin cytoskeleton. Interacts with EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4 with both PDZ and KID domains. Associates with KIF17 via APBA1. Interacts with HTR4. Forms a tripartite complex composed of DLG1, MPP7 and LIN7 (LIN7A or LIN7C) (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in establishing and maintaining the asymmetric distribution of channels and receptors at the plasma membrane of polarized cells. Forms membrane-associated multiprotein complexes that may regulate delivery and recycling of proteins to the correct membrane domains. The tripartite complex composed of LIN7 (LIN7A, LIN7B or LIN7C), CASK and APBA1 associates with the motor protein KIF17 to transport vesicles containing N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit NR2B along microtubules (PubMed:10846156). This complex may have the potential to couple synaptic vesicle exocytosis to cell adhesion in brain. Ensures the proper localization of GRIN2B (subunit 2B of the NMDA receptor) to neuronal postsynaptic density and may function in localizing synaptic vesicles at synapses where it is recruited by beta-catenin and cadherin. Required to localize Kir2 channels, GABA transporter (SLC6A12) and EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3 and ERBB4 to the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells.
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: The L27 domain mediates interaction with CASK and is involved in the formation of multimeric complexes and the association of LIN7 to membranes.
messages: The PDZ domain regulates endocytosis and recycling of the receptor at the membrane.
messages: The kinase interacting site is required for proper delivery of ERBB2 to the basolateral membrane.
messages: tight junction

10090:Olfr1205
gene id: 10090:Olfr1205
uniprot id: A2ATJ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olig2
gene id: 10090:Olig2
uniprot id: Q9EQW6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By SHH. Also induced by NKX6-1 in the developing spinal cord, but not in the rostral hindbrain.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the ventral spinal cord as early as 9.5 dpc. Expression becomes progressively restricted to a narrow zone within the ventral neuroepithelium of the spinal cord. In the 14.5 dpc spinal cord, expressed in the oligodendrocyte progenitors of the ventral ventricular zone, but not dorsal root ganglia Schwann cells. Also expressed scattered in the mantle zone, likely corresponding to oligodendrocyte progenitors migrating out from their site of origin. In the brain, from 10.5 through 14.5 dpc, expressed in numerous cells in the ventricular and subventricular zones of the lateral and medial ganglionic eminences, suggesting that expression might not be limited to the oligodendrocytic lineage. By 15.5 dpc, dispersed throughout the gray matter, with little or no residual expression in the ventricular zone. In the postnatal brain, present preferentially in the white matter, such as corpus callosum and cerebellar medulla. Expressed in the 13.5 and 14.5 dpc retina and in the olfactory epithelium from 11.5 dpc onward.
messages: Expressed specifically in the brain.
messages: Interacts with NKX2-2 (PubMed:14573534). Interacts with ZNF488 (PubMed:16908628).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for oligodendrocyte and motor neuron specification in the spinal cord, as well as for the development of somatic motor neurons in the hindbrain (PubMed:11955448, PubMed:12121626, PubMed:16908628). Functions together with ZNF488 to promote oligodendrocyte differentiation (PubMed:16908628). Cooperates with OLIG1 to establish the pMN domain of the embryonic neural tube (PubMed:11955448, PubMed:12121626). Antagonist of V2 interneuron and of NKX2-2-induced V3 interneuron development (PubMed:11955448, PubMed:12121626).
messages: The bHLH is essential for interaction with NKX2-2.

10090:Fbf1
gene id: 10090:Fbf1
uniprot id: A2A870
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Broadly expressed.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Interacts with PARD3 (By similarity). May interact with FAS cytoplasmic domain (By similarity). Interacts with TRAPPC14 (By similarity).
messages: Keratin-binding protein required for epithelial cell polarization. Involved in apical junction complex (AJC) assembly via its interaction with PARD3. Required for ciliogenesis (By similarity).
messages: centriole
messages: spindle pole

10090:Erlin2
gene id: 10090:Erlin2
uniprot id: Q8BFZ9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family.
messages: Component of the ERLIN1/ERLIN2 complex which mediates the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) such as ITPR1. Promotes sterol-accelerated ERAD of HMGCR probably implicating an AMFR/gp78-containing ubiquitin ligase complex. Involved in regulation of cellular cholesterol homeostasis by regulation the SREBP signaling pathway. May promote ER retention of the SCAP-SREBF complex (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Forms a heteromeric complex with ERLIN1 (By similarity). In complex with ERLIN1, interacts with RNF170 (PubMed:21610068). Interacts with activated ITPR1, independently of the degree of ITPR1 polyubiquitination (PubMed:17502376). Interacts with SCAP, INSIG1, SREBF1 and SREBF2 under cholesterol sufficiency conditions; indicative for an association with the SCAP-SREBP-INSIG complex (By similarity). Probably part of an AMFR/gp78 and INSIG1-containing ubiquitin ligase complex involved in ERAD of HMGCR (By similarity). Interacts with TMUB1; TMUB1 bridges the association with AMFR (By similarity). Interacts with SYVN1 and RNF139 (By similarity). Interacts with TMEM259 (PubMed:25977983). Interacts with TMEM41B (By similarity).

10090:Tmem218
gene id: 10090:Tmem218
uniprot id: Q9CQ44
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TMEM218 family.
messages: Diffuse renal cyst development with tubulointerstitial nephropathy and disruption of tubular basement membranes in essentially normal-sized kidneys. Retinal lesions characterized by slow-onset loss of photoreceptors.
messages: Interacts with TMEM67.
messages: May be involved in ciliary biogenesis or function.
messages: Membrane
messages: cilium

10090:Myo1d
gene id: 10090:Myo1d
uniprot id: Q3UG58
uniprot id: Q5SYD0
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Myosin family.
messages: Binds a calmodulin chain via each of the two IQ domains. IQ domain 1 mediates interaction with calmodulin both in the presence and in the absence of Ca(2+). IQ domain 2 mediates interaction with calmodulin in the presence of Ca(2+).
messages: Contrary to the situation in zebrafish, xenopus and drosophila, mammalian MYO1D defects have no effects on left-right body asymmetry.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in enterocytes at the intestinal brush border membrane. Detected at the tip of intestinal microvilli (at protein level).
messages: Early endosome
messages: Interacts (via the two IQ motifs) with calmodulin. Binds an additional calmodulin chain via a third, C-terminal region. Interacts with F-actin.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Represents an unconventional myosin. This protein should not be confused with the conventional myosin-1 (MYH1).
messages: The TH1 domain is required for activity in complementing zebrafish defects in Kupffer's vesicle lumen size.
messages: Unconventional myosin that functions as actin-based motor protein with ATPase activity (By similarity). Plays a role in endosomal protein trafficking, and especially in the transfer of cargo proteins from early to recycling endosomes (By similarity). Required for normal planar cell polarity in ciliated tracheal cells, for normal rotational polarity of cilia, and for coordinated, unidirectional ciliary movement in the trachea. Required for normal, polarized cilia organization in brain ependymal epithelial cells (By similarity).
messages: cell cortex
messages: dendrite

10090:Olfr1134
gene id: 10090:Olfr1134
uniprot id: Q7TR43
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gm16451
gene id: 10090:Gm16451
uniprot id: D3YZG3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Adam19
gene id: 10090:Adam19
uniprot id: O35674
uniprot id: Q3UH67
uniprot id: Q3UHT3
names: Caution
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: By calcitriol and during osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Expressed in the heart and in the tail bud at 8.0 dpc, and then in the cranial and dorsal root ganglia. Also expressed weakly and transiently in the intestine, lung and in bone marrow.
messages: Interacts with SH3PXD2A.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane
messages: Participates in the proteolytic processing of beta-type neuregulin isoforms which are involved in neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, suggesting a regulatory role in glial cell. Also cleaves alpha-2 macroglobulin. May be involved in osteoblast differentiation and/or osteoblast activity in bone (By similarity).
messages: The conserved cysteine present in the cysteine-switch motif binds the catalytic zinc ion, thus inhibiting the enzyme. The dissociation of the cysteine from the zinc ion upon the activation-peptide release activates the enzyme.
messages: The precursor is cleaved by a furin endopeptidase.
messages: Widely expressed, with the highest expression in bone, heart and lung, followed by brain and spleen and relatively low expression in liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. In bone, primarily expressed in cell of the osteoblast lineage and not detected in mature osteoclasts.

10090:Ywhag
gene id: 10090:Ywhag
uniprot id: A8IP69
uniprot id: P61982
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Adapter protein implicated in the regulation of a large spectrum of both general and specialized signaling pathways. Binds to a large number of partners, usually by recognition of a phosphoserine or phosphothreonine motif. Binding generally results in the modulation of the activity of the binding partner.
messages: Belongs to the 14-3-3 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with MDM4 (phosphorylated); negatively regulates MDM4 activity toward TP53. Interacts with RAF1, SSH1 and CRTC2/TORC2. Interacts with ABL1 (phosphorylated form); the interaction retains it in the cytoplasm. Interacts with GAB2. Interacts with PKA-phosphorylated AANAT and SIRT2 (By similarity). Interacts with SAMSN1. Interacts with the 'Thr-369' phosphorylated form of DAPK2 (PubMed:26047703). Interacts with PI4KB, TBC1D22A and TBC1D22B (By similarity). Interacts with SLITRK1 (By similarity). Interacts with LRRK2; this interaction is dependent on LRRK2 phosphorylation (By similarity). Interacts with MARK2 and MARK3 (By similarity). Interacts with MEFV (By similarity). Interacts with ENDOG, TSC2 and PIK3C3; interaction with ENDOG weakens its interaction with TSC2 and PIK3C3 (By similarity).Interacts with TH (phosphorylated form); one YWHAG dimer bounds to one TH tetramer, this interaction may influence the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of TH (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated by various PKC isozymes.

10090:Dbx1
gene id: 10090:Dbx1
uniprot id: P52950
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the H2.0 homeobox family.
messages: Could have a role in patterning the central nervous system during embryogenesis. Has a key role in regulating the distinct phenotypic features that distinguish two major classes of ventral interneurons, V0 and V1 neurons. Regulates the transcription factor profile, neurotransmitter phenotype, intraspinal migratory path and axonal trajectory of V0 neurons, features that differentiate them from an adjacent set of V1 neurons.
messages: During early and mid-gestation, dbx expression is restricted to the telencephalon, diencephalon, dorsal mesencephalon and spinal cord. At later gestational stages, dbx expression continues in the dorsal mesencephalon and diencephalon, in which expression is more restricted than at the earlier stages.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Bhmt
gene id: 10090:Bhmt
uniprot id: O35490
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, respectively. This reaction is also required for the irreversible oxidation of choline.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Dtx1
gene id: 10090:Dtx1
uniprot id: Q61010
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Deltex family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer. May form a heterodimer with other members of the Deltex family. Interacts with NOTCH1 via its N-terminal region and EIF3F, the interaction is required for NOTCH1 deubiquitination. Interacts with EP300. Forms a heterodimer with BBAP; the heterodimerization leading to an increase of in vitro ubiquitin ligase activity. Interacts with ITCH.
messages: In the CNS, it is expressed in the developing neural tube starting from 10.5 dpc in the spinal cord and around 11.5 dpc in the telencephalon. Expressed ubiquitously throughout the spinal cord and telencephalon during neurogenesis. Expressed throughout the developing retina from 12.5 to 15.5 dpc. Expressed in the developing thymus. Not expressed in the somite or presomite during somitogenesis. Expressed slightly later that Dtx2.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Predominantly expressed in the brain and testis. Weakly expressed in the thymus, spleen and ovary. Predominantly expressed in regions containing post-mitotic differentiating neurons.
messages: Regulator of Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communications that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Mainly acts as a positive regulator of Notch, but it also acts as a negative regulator, depending on the developmental and cell context. Mediates the antineural activity of Notch, possibly by inhibiting the transcriptional activation mediated by MATCH1. Involved in neurogenesis, lymphogenesis and myogenesis, and may also be involved in MZB (Marginal zone B) cell differentiation. Promotes B-cell development at the expense of T-cell development, suggesting that it can antagonize NOTCH1. Functions as an ubiquitin ligase protein in vivo, mediating ubiquitination and promoting degradation of MEKK1, suggesting that it may regulate the Notch pathway via some ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: Splicing acceptor site not canonical.
messages: The WWE domains are thought to mediate some protein-protein interaction, and are frequently found in ubiquitin ligases.
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-29'-linked polyubiquitination catalyzed by ITCH.

10090:Zkscan14
gene id: 10090:Zkscan14
uniprot id: Q9Z1D9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed at high level in testis.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Snx17
gene id: 10090:Snx17
uniprot id: Q8BVL3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sorting nexin family.
messages: Critical regulator of endosomal recycling of numerous surface proteins, including integrins, signaling receptor and channels (PubMed:12169628, PubMed:16052210). Binds to NPxY sequences in the cytoplasmic tails of target cargos (By similarity). Associates with retriever and CCC complexes to prevent lysosomal degradation and promote cell surface recycling of numerous cargos such as integrins ITGB1, ITGB5 and their associated alpha subunits (By similarity). Also required for maintenance of normal cell surface levels of APP and LRP1 (PubMed:16052210, PubMed:18276590). Interacts with membranes containing phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3P)) (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in brain neurons (at protein level). Broadly expressed, with highest levels in brain and placenta, and lowest levels in colon, intestine and liver.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Interacts with APP (via cytoplasmic YXNPXY motif) (PubMed:18276590). Interacts with KIF1B (PubMed:19967056). Interacts with the C-termini of P-selectin, PTC, LDLR, VLDLR, LRP1 and LRP8. Interacts with KRIT1 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:12169628, PubMed:16052210). Interacts with HRAS. Interacts with ITGB1 and ITGB5 (via NPxY motif). Interacts with CCDC22, CCDC93, VPS26C and VPS35L; the interaction with VPS26C is direct and associates SNX17 with the retriever and CCC complexes (By similarity).
messages: The PTB-like F3 module within the FERM-like domain mediates cargo recognition via their NPxY sequences, while the F1 module (Ras-associating) is responsible for interaction with membrane-bound HRAS.
messages: The PX domain mediates specific binding to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(P3)). Required for association with endosomes.

10090:Tmc8
gene id: 10090:Tmc8
uniprot id: B0QZP6
uniprot id: B0QZP7
uniprot id: B1ATC0
uniprot id: Q7TN58
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TMC family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in thymus, lung, prostate, placenta, testis and spleen.
messages: Interacts with CIB1.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable ion channel.

10090:Clk1
gene id: 10090:Clk1
uniprot id: P22518
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autophosphorylates on all three types of residues.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Lammer subfamily.
messages: Dual specificity kinase acting on both serine/threonine and tyrosine-containing substrates. Phosphorylates serine- and arginine-rich (SR) proteins of the spliceosomal complex and may be a constituent of a network of regulatory mechanisms that enable SR proteins to control RNA splicing. Phosphorylates: SRSF1, SRSF3 and PTPN1. Regulates the alternative splicing of tissue factor (F3) pre-mRNA in endothelial cells and adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA.
messages: Interacts with PPIG and UBL5.
messages: Lacks the kinase domain.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates splicing of its own pre-mRNA according to its kinase activity; increased expression of the catalytically active form influences splicing to generate the catalytically inactive splicing variant lacking the kinase domain. Leucettine L41 inhibits its kinase activity and affects the regulation of alternative splicing mediated by phosphorylation of SR proteins.

10090:Cep20
gene id: 10090:Cep20
uniprot id: Q9CZS3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CEP43 family.
messages: Cytoplasmic granule
messages: Homooligomer; probably required for localization to centrosomes (By similarity). Forms a complex with KIAA0753/OFIP and OFD1; within this complex may stabilize the interaction between OFD1 and KIAA0753/OFIP (PubMed:26643951). Interacts with PCM1; this interaction may be mediated by KIAA0753/OFIP (PubMed:26643951).
messages: Involved in the biogenesis of cilia (By similarity). Required for the recruitment of PLK1 to centrosomes and S phase progression (By similarity).
messages: centriolar satellite
messages: centriole
messages: centrosome
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Map4k1
gene id: 10090:Map4k1
uniprot id: P70218
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylates: phosphorylation promotes ubiquitination by the Cul7-RING(FBXW8) ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in hemopoietic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:11509653). Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined at embryonic stage 16.5 dpc with high levels in lung, heart and fetal liver. In the neonate, expression is restricted to the tissues which undergo lineage decisions, lung, thymus, liver, kidney and brain. In the adult, expression is limited to hemopoietic organs, thymus, bone marrow, and spleen and to the testis (PubMed:9003777).
messages: Interacts with MAP3K1 (By similarity). Interacts with FBXW8 (By similarity). Interacts with CLNK (via its SH2 domain) (PubMed:11509653).
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase, which may play a role in the response to environmental stress (By similarity). Appears to act upstream of the JUN N-terminal pathway (PubMed:9003777). May play a role in hematopoietic lineage decisions and growth regulation (PubMed:9003777). Able to autophosphorylate (PubMed:9003777). Together with CLNK, it enhances CD3-triggered activation of T-cells and subsequent IL2 production (PubMed:11509653).
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated after activation of hemopoietic cells.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the Cul7-RING(FBXW8) ubiquitin-protein ligase complex following autophosphorylation, leading to its degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Mapk8ip3
gene id: 10090:Mapk8ip3
uniprot id: E9Q6B6
uniprot id: E9Q6E0
uniprot id: Q3UHB5
uniprot id: Q6P1F1
uniprot id: Q9ESN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the JIP scaffold family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle
messages: Expressed in neurites 5 days following initiation of nerve growth factor induced differentiation. NGF withdrawal results in the down-regulation of MAPK8IP3 protein by caspase-mediated cleavage.
messages: Forms homo- or heterooligomeric complexes. The central region of MAPK8IP3 interacts with the C-terminal of MAPK8IP2 but not MAPK8IP1. Binds specific components of the JNK signaling pathway namely MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3 to the N-terminal region, MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 to the central region and MAP3K11 to the C-terminal region. Binds the TPR motif-containing C-terminal of kinesin light chain, KLC1. Pre-assembled MAPK8IP1 scaffolding complexes are then transported as a cargo of kinesin, to the required subcellular location (PubMed:10523642, PubMed:10629060, PubMed:11238452, PubMed:11106729). Interacts with ROCK1 and this interaction is enhanced by ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation. Interacts with SH3RF2 (By similarity). Interacts with NTRK2/TRKB and NTRK3/TRKC (PubMed:21775604).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Highly expressed in the brain of embryonic mice. Expression levels gradually increase from 10 dpc to postnatal day 10 (P10) (at protein level).
messages: Highly expressed throughout many regions of the brain and at lower levels in the heart, liver, lung, testes and kidney. All isoforms have been identified in the brain, isoform 1a is also expressed in the spleen and lung.
messages: Phosphorylation by ROCK1 is crucial for the recruitment of JNK.
messages: The JNK-interacting protein (JIP) group of scaffold proteins selectively mediates JNK signaling by aggregating specific components of the MAPK cascade to form a functional JNK signaling module. May function as a regulator of vesicle transport, through interactions with the JNK-signaling components and motor proteins (PubMed:10523642, PubMed:10629060). Promotes neuronal axon elongation in a kinesin- and JNK-dependent manner (PubMed:23576431, PubMed:25944905, PubMed:28259553). Activates cofilin at axon tips via local activation of JNK, thereby regulating filopodial dynamics and enhancing axon elongation (PubMed:23576431, PubMed:25944905, PubMed:28259553). Its binding to kinesin heavy chains (KHC), promotes kinesin-1 motility along microtubules and is essential for axon elongation and regeneration (PubMed:23576431, PubMed:25944905, PubMed:28259553). Regulates cortical neuronal migration by mediating NTRK2/TRKB anterograde axonal transport during brain development (PubMed:23576431, PubMed:25944905, PubMed:28259553). Acts as an adapter that bridges the interaction between NTRK2/TRKB and KLC1 and drives NTRK2/TRKB axonal but not dendritic anterograde transport, which is essential for subsequent BDNF-triggered signaling and filopodia formation (PubMed:23576431, PubMed:25944905, PubMed:28259553).
messages: The cerebral cortex in the embryonic brain is a little thinner and the distribution of neurons is more disordered than that found in the wild-type littermates.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite
messages: growth cone
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gas2l2
gene id: 10090:Gas2l2
uniprot id: Q5SSG4
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the GAS2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in tracheal epithelial cells (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with ADORA2A (via its cytoplasmic C-terminal domain) (PubMed:23994616). Interacts with GNAS, GNAL, GNAQ, and GNA13 (PubMed:23994616). Interacts with MAPRE1 (PubMed:24706950).
messages: Involved in the cross-linking of microtubules and microfilaments (By similarity). Regulates microtubule dynamics and stability by interacting with microtubule plus-end tracking proteins, such as MAPRE1, to regulate microtubule growth along actin stress fibers (By similarity). Enhances ADORA2-mediated adenylyl cyclase activation by acting as a scaffold to recruit trimeric G-protein complexes to ADORA2A (PubMed:23994616). Regulates ciliary orientation and performance in cells located in the airway (PubMed:30665704).
messages: Knockout mice exhibit a high rate of neonatal death (PubMed:30665704). Mice that survive show signs of hydrocephalus at postnatal days 14 and 21, along with mucus accumulation in multiple sinuses, and remodeling of the nasal cavity (PubMed:30665704). Conditional knockout in tracheal cells lead to isolated cases of hydrocephalus, as well as chronic rhinosinusitis and accumulation of mucus in the nasal cavity, which is caused by impaired mucociliary clearance (PubMed:30665704).
messages: cilium basal body
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: stress fiber

10090:Fscn1
gene id: 10090:Fscn1
uniprot id: Q61553
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Actin-binding protein that contains 2 major actin binding sites (By similarity). Organizes filamentous actin into parallel bundles (PubMed:7738015). Plays a role in the organization of actin filament bundles and the formation of microspikes, membrane ruffles, and stress fibers (By similarity). Important for the formation of a diverse set of cell protrusions, such as filopodia, and for cell motility and migration (PubMed:21685497). Mediates reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and axon growth cone collapse in response to NGF (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the fascin family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Composed of four fascin beta-trefoil domains.
messages: Interacts with RUFY3 (via N-terminus); the interaction induces neuron axon development (PubMed:24720729). Interacts with NGFR (By similarity). Associates with CTNNB1 (PubMed:8794867). Interacts with PLXNB3 (PubMed:21706053).
messages: Most abundant in brain. Detected at lower levels in lung, uterus, small intestine and spleen (at protein level).
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-39 inhibits actin-binding. Phosphorylation is required for the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to NGF.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: cytosol
messages: filopodium
messages: growth cone
messages: invadopodium
messages: microvillus
messages: stress fiber

10090:Mfge8
gene id: 10090:Mfge8
uniprot id: P21956
uniprot id: Q3TDU5
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contributes to phagocytic removal of apoptotic cells in many tissues. Specific ligand for the alpha-v/beta-3 and alpha-v/beta-5 receptors. Also binds to phosphatidylserine-enriched cell surfaces in a receptor-independent manner. Zona pellucida-binding protein which may play a role in gamete interaction (By similarity). Plays an important role in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the promotion of mucosal healing. Promotes VEGF-dependent neovascularization.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are detectable in mammary tissue from non-pregnant animals, with isoform 2 being predominant. Levels of isoform 1 increase during gestation and lactation while levels of isoform 2 decrease.
messages: Isoform 1 is induced by insulin, prolactin and hydrocortisone in mammary epithelial cells. Expression of isoform 2 is repressed by the same treatment.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mammary epithelial cell surfaces and spermatozoan. Isoform 2 is present in brain, heart, kidney and spleen and at low levels in lung, liver, small intestine and testis.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated. Isoform 1 also exists in both an O-glycosylated and a non-O-glycosylated form.
messages: Secreted
messages: The F5/8 type C 2 domain mediates high-affinity binding to phosphatidylserine-containing membranes.
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Cpb1
gene id: 10090:Cpb1
uniprot id: B2RS76
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase M14 family.

10090:Krt71
gene id: 10090:Krt71
uniprot id: Q9R0H5
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in the inner root sheath (IRS) of anagen hair follicles, where expression is predominantly in the hair cone during anagen III and in the Huxley and Henle layers of the inner root sheath during anagen VI.
messages: Heterodimer of a type I and a type II keratin. Associates with KRT16 and/or KRT17.
messages: Mice exhibit defects in hair structure and progressive alopecia. Missense mutations cause milder phenotypes such as caracul, characterized by rough and greasy fur, and wavy hair that is pointed in different directions.
messages: Plays a central role in hair formation. Essential component of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle.
messages: Specifically expressed in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle. Present in Henle and the Huxley layers of the IRS, while expression in the cuticle is unsure (at protein level).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic) (40-55 and 56-70 kDa, respectively).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Dph3
gene id: 10090:Dph3
uniprot id: D3YXV3
uniprot id: Q8K0W9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DPH3 family.
messages: Component of the 2-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)histidine synthase complex composed of DPH1, DPH2, DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase (By similarity). Interacts with SERGEF (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethal about 11.5 days after fertilization (PubMed:16648478). Decreases metastasis in a mouse model of melanoma (PubMed:23185508).
messages: In the embryo, expressed during all stages of development.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for the first step of diphthamide biosynthesis, a post-translational modification of histidine which occurs in elongation factor 2. DPH1 and DPH2 transfer a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl (ACP) group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to a histidine residue, the reaction is assisted by a reduction system comprising DPH3 and a NADH-dependent reductase. Acts as an electron donor to reduce the Fe-S cluster in DPH1-DPH2 keeping the [4Fe-4S] clusters in the active and reduced state. Restores iron to DPH1-DPH2 iron-sulfur clusters which have degraded from [4Fe-4S] to [3Fe-4S] by donating an iron atom to reform [4Fe-4S] clusters, in a manner dependent on the presence of elongation factor 2 and SAM. Associates with the elongator complex and is required for tRNA Wobble base modifications mediated by the elongator complex. The elongator complex is required for multiple tRNA modifications, including mcm5U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl uridine), mcm5s 2U (5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine), and ncm5U (5-carbamoylmethyl uridine).
messages: The DPH-type metal-binding (MB) domain can also bind zinc. However, iron is the physiological binding partner as zinc binding impairs the protein electron donor function.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in heart, liver, kidney and testis.

10090:Kcns3
gene id: 10090:Kcns3
uniprot id: Q8BQZ8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the potassium channel family. S (TC 1.A.1.2) subfamily. Kv9.3/KCNS3 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heterotetramer with KCNB1. Does not form homomultimers.
messages: Potassium channel subunit that does not form functional channels by itself. Can form functional heterotetrameric channels with KCNB1; modulates the delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel activation and deactivation rates of KCNB1. Heterotetrameric channel activity formed with KCNB1 show increased current amplitude with the threshold for action potential activation shifted towards more negative values in hypoxic-treated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells.
messages: The transmembrane segment S4 functions as voltage-sensor and is characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. Channel opening and closing is effected by a conformation change that affects the position and orientation of the voltage-sensor paddle formed by S3 and S4 within the membrane. A transmembrane electric field that is positive inside would push the positively charged S4 segment outwards, thereby opening the pore, while a field that is negative inside would pull the S4 segment inwards and close the pore. Changes in the position and orientation of S4 are then transmitted to the activation gate formed by the inner helix bundle via the S4-S5 linker region.

10090:Sst
gene id: 10090:Sst
uniprot id: P60041
uniprot id: Q545V6
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the somatostatin family.
messages: C-terminal amidation of the neuronostatin peptide is required for its biological activity, including for the regulation of mean arterial pressure.
messages: In the pancreas, somatostatin is expressed in delta cells of the islets of Langerhans. In the stomach, it is expressed in parietal cells of oxyntic mucosa and in the small intestine, it is found in the villus (at protein level) (PubMed:18753129). Neuronostatin is expressed in the pancreas in delta cells of the islets of Langerhans, as well as in the stomach, in parietal cells of oxyntic mucosa and in the small intestine, in the villus (at protein level) (PubMed:18753129).
messages: Inhibits the secretion of pituitary hormones, including that of growth hormone/somatotropin (GH1), PRL, ACTH, luteinizing hormone (LH) and TSH. Also impairs ghrelin- and GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 and LH; the inhibition of ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1 can be further increased by neuronostatin.
messages: May enhance low-glucose-induced glucagon release by pancreatic alpha cells (PubMed:24735892). This effect may be mediated by binding to GPR107 and PKA activation (PubMed:26561648). May regulate cardiac contractile function (PubMed:25012062). May compromise cardiomyocyte viability (By similarity). In the central nervous system, may impair memory retention and may affect hippocampal excitability (By similarity). May also have anxiolytic and anorexigenic effects (By similarity). May play a role in arterial pressure regulation (By similarity). May inhibit basal, but not ghrelin- or GnRH-stimulated secretion of GH1 or LH, but does not affect the release of other pituitary hormones, including PRL, ACTH, FSH or TSH (By similarity). Potentiates inhibitory action of somatostatin on ghrelin-stimulated secretion of GH1, but not that on GnRH-stimulated secretion of LH (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:Pear1
gene id: 10090:Pear1
uniprot id: Q8VIK5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MEGF family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in thymocytes, bone marrow stromal and osteogenic cells (at protein level). Strongly expressed in kidney and heart. Moderately expressed in lung, spleen, thymus, liver, brain, testis, skin and stomach. Expressed in hematopoietic stem progenitor cells.
messages: Interacts with SHC2 upon its aggregation-induced tyrosine phosphorylation.
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by SRC. Tyrosine phosphorylation is detected upon platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen, TRAP and thrombin and platelet-platelet contacts but not after platelet activation. Tyrosine phosphorylation enhanced its association with SHC1 and SHC2 (By similarity). Phosphorylated in the intracellular domain on tyrosine residues.
messages: When overexpressed, reduces the number of both early and late non-adherent myeloid progenitor cells.

10090:Olfr1377
gene id: 10090:Olfr1377
uniprot id: Q8VGH1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cd300ld3
gene id: 10090:Cd300ld3
uniprot id: Q6SJQ5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as an activating receptor inducing cytokine production in mast cells. Can act as a positive regulator of TLR9 signaling in macrophages, leading to enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Down-regulated in macrophages by single-stranded CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation.
messages: Early endosome
messages: Highly expressed in bone marrow-derived mast cells and macrophages, peripheral blood monocytes and CD11c+ cells, with weaker expression detected in CD11b cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Not detected in B220+ cells in bone marrow or spleen, in Thy-1.2+ or CD3+ cells in peripheral blood, spleen or thymus, or in NK1.1+ cells in spleen (at protein level). Widely expressed in various tissues including heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, bone marrow, thymus, axillary lymph node and mesenteric lymph node. Highly expressed in macrophage cell lines J774.1 and RAW 264.7 and in mast cell line MC/9. Weak expression detected in B-lineage cell lines WEHI-231 and A20 and in dendritic cell line DC2.4. Not detected in other myeloid cell lines or T-lineage cell lines.
messages: Interacts with FCER1G; the interaction may be indirect. Interacts with TLR9.
messages: Lysosome

10090:Isca2
gene id: 10090:Isca2
uniprot id: Q9DCB8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the HesB/IscA family.
messages: Involved in the maturation of mitochondrial 4Fe-4S proteins functioning late in the iron-sulfur cluster assembly pathway. May be involved in the binding of an intermediate of Fe/S cluster assembly.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Med12l
gene id: 10090:Med12l
uniprot id: A0A0G2JET8
uniprot id: Q8BQM9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 12 family.
messages: May be a component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: May be a component of the Mediator complex, which is known to be composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cstdc2
gene id: 10090:Cstdc2
uniprot id: Q9D264
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Yrdc
gene id: 10090:Yrdc
uniprot id: Q3U5F4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the SUA5 family.
messages: By ischemia/reperfusion and endotoxemia.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial threonylcarbamoyl-AMP synthase required for the formation of a threonylcarbamoyl group on adenosine at position 37 (t(6)A37) in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine. Catalyzes the conversion of L-threonine, HCO(3)(-)/CO(2) and ATP to give threonylcarbamoyl-AMP (TC-AMP) as the acyladenylate intermediate, with the release of diphosphate. Participates in t(6)A37 formation in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs (By similarity). May regulate the activity of some transporters (PubMed:16024787).
messages: Interacts with RSC1A1.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: The mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) is weak and only mediates import of a small fraction of YRDC in mitochondria.
messages: Widely expressed. Expressed at higher level in testis, secretory, and endocrine organs.

10090:Katnbl1
gene id: 10090:Katnbl1
uniprot id: Q9CWJ3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with KATNA1 and KATNAL1; these interactions are competed by KATNB1 which has a higher affinity for them.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Regulates microtubule-severing activity of KATNAL1 in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro.
messages: spindle pole

10090:Pld5
gene id: 10090:Pld5
uniprot id: D3YYN6
uniprot id: Q3UNN8
names: Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the phospholipase D family.
messages: In contrast to other members of the family, it lacks the conserved active sites, suggesting that it has no phospholipase activity.
messages: Membrane

10090:She
gene id: 10090:She
uniprot id: Q8BSD5
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in heart, brain, lung and skeletal muscle.

10090:Kmt2c
gene id: 10090:Kmt2c
uniprot id: F8WI37
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Snai3
gene id: 10090:Snai3
uniprot id: Q9QY31
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the snail C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Binds E-box via C2H2-type zinc finger domain.
messages: Expressed at 7 dpc, higher expression observed in stages 15 dpc and 18 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in skeletal muscle and thymus. Lower expression in heart, lung and spleen.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Seems to inhibit myoblast differentiation. Transcriptional repressor of E-box-dependent transactivation of downstream myogenic bHLHs genes. Binds preferentially to the canonical E-box sequences 5'-CAGGTG-3' and 5'-CACCTG-3'.

10090:Hesx1
gene id: 10090:Hesx1
uniprot id: Q61658
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ANF homeobox family.
messages: Can form heterodimers with PROP1 in binding to DNA Interacts with TLE1.
messages: Down-regulated during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation.
messages: Early expression seen in the anterior midline endoderm and prechordal plate precursor, subsequently activated in the overlying ectoderm of the cephalic neural plate. Later disappears in the mesendoderm while remaining in the prospective prosencephalic region of the neural plate ectoderm, ultimately expression is restricted to Rathke pouch, the primordium of the pituitary. Expressed in embryonic stem cells.
messages: High levels found in the embryonic liver, lower level expression seen in the viscera, amnion and yolk sac.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for the normal development of the forebrain, eyes and other anterior structures such as the olfactory placodes and pituitary gland. Possible transcriptional repressor. Binds to the palindromic PIII sequence, 5'-AGCTTGAGTCTAATTGAATTAACTGTAC-3'. HESX1 and PROP1 bind as heterodimers on this palindromic site, and, in vitro, HESX1 can antagonize PROP1 activation.

10090:Ctsj
gene id: 10090:Ctsj
uniprot id: A0A0R4J0V8
uniprot id: Q9R014
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C1 family.
messages: Expressed specifically in placenta.
messages: Lysosome

10090:B9d1
gene id: 10090:B9d1
uniprot id: Q9R1S0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the B9D family.
messages: Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling.
messages: Mice display impaired cilia formation associated with renal cystic dysplasia, as well as ductal plate malformation of the liver and polydactyly. Additional phenotypes, occurring at varying frequencies, include randomized heart looping, holoprosencephaly, microphthalmia, cleft palate, ventricular septal defect and thinning of the myocardial wall. Depending on their genetic background, mutant mice die between 14.5 dpc and P1.
messages: Part of the tectonic-like complex (also named B9 complex).
messages: Specifically or prominently expressed in mouse blastocysts compared to 4-cell stage embryos.
messages: cilium basal body

10090:Togaram1
gene id: 10090:Togaram1
uniprot id: Q6A070
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Crescerin family.
messages: Interacts with ARMC9. Interacts with CCDC66, CEP104 and CSPP1.
messages: Involved in ciliogenesis. It is required for appropriate acetylation and polyglutamylation of ciliary microtubules, and regulation of cilium length (By similarity). Interacts with microtubules and promotes microtubule polymerization via its HEAT repeat domains, especially those in TOG region 2 and 4 (PubMed:26378256, PubMed:32747439).
messages: The TOG regions are composed of HEAT-type repeats that assemble into a solenoid structure. They mediate interaction with microtubules.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:H2al1h
gene id: 10090:H2al1h
uniprot id: Q5M8Q2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Atypical histone H2A which can replace conventional H2A in some nucleosomes and may play a role during spermatogenesis. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: In contrast to other H2A histones, it does not contain the conserved residues that are the target of post-translational modifications.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strongly enriched in step 12-16 spermatids and accumulate during late spermiogenesis, in condensing spermatids (PubMed:17261847). Remains present in mature spermatozoa isolated from epididymis (PubMed:17261847). Rapidly disappears from the paternal pericentric heterochromatin regions after sperm-egg fusion (PubMed:18703863).
messages: Testis-specific.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. May be incorporated into a proportion of nucleosomes, replacing one or more H2A molecules. Interacts with H2BC1/TH2B; preferentially dimerizes with H2BC1/TH2B to form nucleosomes (PubMed:17261847).

10090:Olfr723
gene id: 10090:Olfr723
uniprot id: E9PZU2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tcf7l2
gene id: 10090:Tcf7l2
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1G0
uniprot id: D3YWT3
uniprot id: E9Q990
uniprot id: E9QQ90
uniprot id: E9QQ91
uniprot id: F6WBK9
uniprot id: F6WPX2
uniprot id: Q8BS68
uniprot id: Q8CAI6
uniprot id: Q924A0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TCF/LEF family.
messages: Constitutive activation and subsequent transactivation of target genes may lead to the maintenance of stem-cell characteristics (cycling and longevity) in cells that should normally undergo terminal differentiation and constitute the primary transforming event in colorectal cancer (CRC).
messages: Detected in adult brain and liver, and at lower levels in intestine, with a clear increase from the distal colon to the duodenum. Detected at low levels in heart, lung, kidney, pituitary and testis.
messages: Dominant negative form which cannot bind CTNNB1. Expression is VAX2-dependent.
messages: First detected at 10.5 dpc. Highly expressed at 13.5 dpc-16.5 dpc in the central nervous system, in particular in the roof of the mesencephalon, at the ditelencephalic junction and in dorsal thalamus. At 13.5 dpc, detected at low levels in gastrointestinal epithelia.
messages: Interacts with TGFB1I1 (PubMed:16291758). Interacts with SPIN1 (By similarity). Interacts with CTNNB1 (via the armadillo repeat); forms stable transcription complex (PubMed:19816403). Interacts with EP300. Interacts with NLK. Interacts with CCDC85B (probably through the HMG box); prevents interaction with CTNNB1 (By similarity). Interacts with TNIK (PubMed:19816403). Interacts with MAD2L2; prevents TCF7L2/TCF4 binding to promZIPK/DAPK3oters, negatively modulating its transcriptional activity. Interacts with ZIPK/DAPK3. Interacts with XIAP/BIRC4 and TLE3. Interacts with DDIT3/CHOP. The CTNNB1 and TCF7L2/TCF4 complex interacts with PML (isoform PML-4). Identified in a complex with CTNNB1 and FERMT2. Interacts with C11orf84/SPINDOC in a SPIN1-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with DAZAP2; the interaction results in localization of DAZAP2 to the nucleus (By similarity).
messages: May result from the retention of an intron in the cDNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: PML body
messages: Participates in the Wnt signaling pathway and modulates MYC expression by binding to its promoter in a sequence-specific manner. Acts as repressor in the absence of CTNNB1, and as activator in its presence. Activates transcription from promoters with several copies of the Tcf motif CCTTTGATC in the presence of CTNNB1. TLE1, TLE2, TLE3 and TLE4 repress transactivation mediated by TCF7L2/TCF4 and CTNNB1. Expression of dominant-negative mutants results in cell-cycle arrest in G1 (By similarity). Necessary for the maintenance of the epithelial stem-cell compartment of the small intestine.
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-178 and/or Thr-189 by NLK. Phosphorylation by NLK at these sites inhibits DNA-binding by TCF7L2/TCF4, thereby preventing transcriptional activation of target genes of the canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway (By similarity).
messages: Polysumoylated. Sumoylation is enhanced by PIAS family members and desumoylation is enhanced by SENP2. Sumoylation/desumoylation regulates TCF7L2/TCF4 transcription activity in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway without altering interaction with CTNNB1 nor binding to DNA (By similarity).

10090:Arnt
gene id: 10090:Arnt
uniprot id: P53762
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Monomer (PubMed:28602820). Homodimer only upon binding to a DNA (PubMed:26245371, PubMed:28602820). Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein (By similarity). Interacts with TACC3 (PubMed:11025203). Interacts with HIF1A, EPAS1, NPAS1 and NPAS3; forms a heterodimer that binds core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters (PubMed:26245371, PubMed:27782878). Forms a heterodimer with AHRR, as well as with other bHLH proteins (PubMed:9887096). Interacts with NOCA7 (By similarity). Interacts with AHR; the heterodimer ARNT:AHR binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TGCGTG-3' within the dioxin response element (DRE) of target gene promoters and activates their transcription (PubMed:28602820, PubMed:24001774, PubMed:27782878). Interacts with SIM1 and NPAS4 (PubMed:27782878).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Required for activity of the AHR. Upon ligand binding, AHR translocates into the nucleus, where it heterodimerizes with ARNT and induces transcription by binding to xenobiotic response elements (XRE). Not required for the ligand-binding subunit to translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus after ligand binding. The complex initiates transcription of genes involved in the regulation of a variety of biological processes, including angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, drug and lipid metabolism, cell motility and immune modulation (By similarity). The heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters and functions as a transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia (PubMed:26245371, PubMed:27782878). The heterodimer ARNT:AHR binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TGCGTG-3' within the dioxin response element (DRE) of target gene promoters and activates their transcription (PubMed:28602820, PubMed:26245371, PubMed:27782878).
messages: Required for activity of the Ah (dioxin) receptor. This protein is required for the ligand-binding subunit to translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus after ligand binding. The complex then initiates transcription of genes involved in the activation of PAH procarcinogens (By similarity). The heterodimer binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TACGTG-3' within the hypoxia response element (HRE) of target gene promoters and functions as a transcriptional regulator of the adaptive response to hypoxia (PubMed:26245371, PubMed:27782878). The heterodimer ARNT:AHR binds to core DNA sequence 5'-TGCGTG-3' within the dioxin response element (DRE) of target gene promoters and activates their transcription (PubMed:28602820).
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Atf1
gene id: 10090:Atf1
uniprot id: P81269
uniprot id: Q9CWS2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily.
messages: Binds DNA as a dimer. Interacts with HIPK2 and CDK3. Interacts with MOTS-c, a peptide produced by the mitochondrially encoded 12S rRNA MT-RNR1; the interaction occurs in the nucleus following metabolic stress.
messages: Binds the cAMP response element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Binds to the Tax-responsive element (TRE) of HTLV-I. Mediates PKA-induced stimulation of CRE-reporter genes. Represses the expression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes. Triggers cell proliferation and transformation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-196 by HIPK2 in response to genotoxic stress. This phosphorylation promotes transcription repression of FTH1 and other antioxidant detoxification genes. The CDK3-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-63 promotes its transactivation and transcriptional activities (By similarity). Phosphorylated at Ser-63 by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 in response to mitogenic or stress stimuli.

10090:Cidec
gene id: 10090:Cidec
uniprot id: P56198
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Binds to lipid droplets and regulates their enlargement, thereby restricting lipolysis and favoring storage. At focal contact sites between lipid droplets, promotes directional net neutral lipid transfer from the smaller to larger lipid droplets. The transfer direction may be driven by the internal pressure difference between the contacting lipid droplet pair. Its role in neutral lipid transfer and lipid droplet enlargement is activated by the interaction with PLIN1. May act as a CEBPB coactivator in the white adipose tissue to control the expression of a subset of CEBPB downstream target genes, including SOCS1, SOCS3, TGFB1, TGFBR1, ID2 and XDH. When overexpressed in preadipocytes, induces apoptosis or increases cell susceptibility to apoptosis induced by serum deprivation or TGFB treatment. As mature adipocytes, that express high CIDEC levels, are quite resistant to apoptotic stimuli, the physiological significance of its role in apoptosis is unclear. May play a role in the modulation of the response to osmotic stress by preventing NFAT5 to translocate into the nucleus and activate its target genes expression.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed almost exclusively in adipose tissue, including subcutaneous and epididymal white adipose tissue (at protein level). Although abundantly present in brown adipose tissue at the mRNA level, the protein is almost undetectable in this tissue (PubMed:18654663), or at moderate levels (PubMed:22245780, PubMed:12910269). Expressed in the mammary gland, in stromal adipose tissue, but becomes undetectable at the end of pregnancy and during lactation (at protein level). Expressed at low levels in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with CIDEA. Interacts with NFAT5; this interaction is direct and retains NFAT5 in the cytoplasm (By similarity). Interacts with CEBPB. Interacts with PLIN1.
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Mutant animals are born in a Mendelian ratio and appear physically normal at birth. The body weights of wild-type and mutant mice fed a standard diet do not differ up to 14 weeks of age, nor does food intake. From 16 weeks of age, the body weight of mutant mice significantly decreases compared with that of wild-type mice. When animals are fed a high-fat diet, the gain in body weight is significantly smaller for mutant mice than for wild-type. Under these feeding conditions, mutant mice are also protected from insulin resistance and from accumulation of fat in the liver. The body temperature do not differ significantly between mutant and wild-type mice maintained at room temperature, but the basal rate of oxygen consumption is significantly increased in mutants.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CIDE-N domain is involved in homodimerization which is crucial for its function in promoting lipid exchange and transfer.
messages: Ubiquitinated and targeted to proteasomal degradation, resulting in a short half-life (about 15 minutes in 3T3-L1 cells). Protein stability depends on triaclyglycerol synthesis, fatty acid availability and lipid droplet formation.
messages: Up-regulated during differentiation into adipocytes in various cell lines, including TA1 and 3T3-L1. Decreases in the mammary gland during pregnancy from day 14.5 until 18.5, when it becomes hardly detectable, and during lactation.
messages: Up-regulated under conditions that enhance triacylglycerol deposition, including rosiglitazone treatment and high-fat diet. This up-regulation is mediated by PPARG. Up-regulated by isoproterenol, a beta-agonist, and oleic acid treatment. This induction is due to protein stabilization. Down-regulated upon hypertonic conditions.

10090:Trim71
gene id: 10090:Trim71
uniprot id: Q1PSW8
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that cooperates with the microRNAs (miRNAs) machinery and promotes embryonic stem cells proliferation and maintenance (PubMed:19898466). Binds to miRNAs and associates with AGO2, participating in post-transcriptional repression of transcripts such as CDKN1A. Facilitates the G1-S transition to promote rapid embryonic stem cell self-renewal by repressing CDKN1A expression (PubMed:22735451). In addition, participates in post-transcriptional mRNA repression in a miRNA independent mechanism (PubMed:23125361). Required to maintain proliferation and prevent premature differentiation of neural progenitor cells during early neural development: positively regulates FGF signaling by controlling the stability of SHCBP1 (PubMed:22735451). Specific regulator of miRNA biogenesis. miRNA Binds MIR29A hairpin and postranscriptionally modulates MIR29A levels, which indirectly regulates TET proteins expression (By similarity).
messages: Embryonic lethality at 9.5 dpc, due to a neural tube closure defect in the anterior craniofacial region of the neural tube, corresponding to the forebrain/midbrain boundary. Reduced cell proliferation in the neuroepithelium.
messages: Expression is first detected at 8.5 dpc, increases to highest levels at 14.5 dpc and remains elevated through the newborn stage. Expressed in developing limb buds and tail buds starting from 9.5 dpc. At 9.5 dpc, expression is prominent in the entire embryo, with the exception of the primordial cardiac sac. At 10.5 dpc, expression reduces to the neuroepithelium, branchial arches, spinal cord, somites, limb, and tail buds. At the onset of central nervous system development, the neuroepithelium shows a prominent staining between 9.5 dpc and 10.5 dpc. Thereafter, expression is unevenly distributed in a progressively thinner layer along the inner surface of the ventricle. Expression is intense at the bumps corresponding to the nascent limb buds around 10.5 dpc. Shortly thereafter, as the limb buds emerge from the body and expand, expression declines and is limited to the most distal surface at 12.5 dpc. At 13.5 dpc it is no longer possible to identify expression in either the developing nervous system, the limb or the tail buds. From postnatal day 10 (P10) to the adulthood, expressed in cells lining the wall of the four ventricles of the postnatal brain (PubMed:25883935).
messages: Highly expressed in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Expressed in the epiblast and in interfollicular epidermal stem cells during early development. Also expressed in male germ cells and in the reproductive tract. Highly expressed in neuroepithelial cells, and its expression declines as neurogenesis proceeds (at protein level). Expressed in ependymal cells of the brain (PubMed:25883935).
messages: Interacts (via NHL repeats) with AGO2; the interaction increases in presence of RNA (PubMed:19898466, PubMed:22508726, PubMed:22735451). Interacts with HSP90AA1. Interacts (via NHL repeats) with MOV10, PABPC1, PUM1, PUM2, STAU2, XRN1 and XRN2 in an RNA-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with SHCBP1; leading to enhance its stability (PubMed:22508726).
messages: Negatively regulated by the microRNA (miRNA) let-7 which causes degradation of the mRNA encoding this protein. This requires a let-7 complementary site (LCS) in the 3'-UTR of the mRNA encoding this protein.
messages: P-body
messages: Reported to mediate ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of AGO2 (PubMed:19898466). However, this result is subject to discussion and later reports suggest that, while it interacts with AGO2, it is not involved in AGO2 ubiquitination (PubMed:22508726, PubMed:22735451).
messages: The NHL domain, containing the 6 NHL repeats, is necessary and sufficient to target RNA but not to repress mRNA. The minimal region needed to execute repression consists of the coiled coil domain and the Filamin repeat. The RING-type domain is dispensable for mRNA repression.

10090:Nat14
gene id: 10090:Nat14
uniprot id: Q8BVG8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the camello family.
messages: May act as a transcription factor regulating the expression of coproporphyrinogen oxidase by binding to a promoter regulatory element.
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable acetyltransferase that binds the 5'-GGACTACAG-3' sequence of coproporphyrinogen oxidase promoter. Able to activate transcription of a reporter construct in vitro (By similarity).
messages: Probable acetyltransferase.

10090:Nup93
gene id: 10090:Nup93
uniprot id: Q8BJ71
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the nucleoporin interacting component (NIC) family.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: Part of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Component of the p62 complex, a complex composed of NUP62 and NUP54. Forms a complex with NUP35, NUP155, NUP205 and lamin B; the interaction with NUP35 is direct. Does not interact with TPR. Interacts with SMAD4 and IPO7; translocates SMAD4 to the nucleus through the NPC upon BMP7 stimulation resulting in activation of SMAD4 signaling.
messages: Plays a role in the nuclear pore complex (NPC) assembly and/or maintenance. May anchor nucleoporins, but not NUP153 and TPR, to the NPC (By similarity). During renal development, regulates podocyte migration and proliferation through SMAD4 signaling (By similarity) (PubMed:26878725).
messages: nuclear pore complex

10090:Det1
gene id: 10090:Det1
uniprot id: Q9D0A0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DET1 family.
messages: Component of the DCX DET1-COP1 ubiquitin ligase complex at least composed of RBX1, DET1, DDB1, CUL4A and COP1.
messages: Component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase DCX DET1-COP1 complex, which is required for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins. The complex is involved in JUN ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Oaz2
gene id: 10090:Oaz2
uniprot id: O08608
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ODC antizyme family.
messages: Interacts with ODC1 and thereby sterically blocks ODC homodimerization (By similarity). Interacts with AZIN2; this interaction disrupts the interaction between the antizyme and ODC1 (PubMed:16916800).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) antizyme protein that negatively regulates ODC activity and intracellular polyamine biosynthesis and uptake in response to increased intracellular polyamine levels. Binds to ODC monomers, inhibiting the assembly of the functional ODC homodimers. Does not target the ODC monomers for degradation, which allows a protein synthesis-independent restoration of ODC activity (PubMed:16916800, PubMed:18508777, PubMed:24967154). Involved in the translocation of AZIN2 from ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) to the cytosol (PubMed:19449338).

10090:Klhl9
gene id: 10090:Klhl9
uniprot id: Q6ZPT1
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the BCR(KLHL9-KLHL13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3, KLHL9, KLHL13 and RBX1. Interacts with AURKB (By similarity).
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex required for mitotic progression and cytokinesis. The BCR(KLHL9-KLHL13) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination of AURKB and controls the dynamic behavior of AURKB on mitotic chromosomes and thereby coordinates faithful mitotic progression and completion of cytokinesis (By similarity).

10090:Saxo2
gene id: 10090:Saxo2
uniprot id: Q8BQB6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM154 family.

10090:F8
gene id: 10090:F8
uniprot id: B2RRC9
uniprot id: B7ZNH8
uniprot id: Q06194
uniprot id: Q8BQ43
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the multicopper oxidase family.
messages: Factor VIII, along with calcium and phospholipid, acts as a cofactor for factor IXa when it converts factor X to the activated form, factor Xa.
messages: Found in most tissues.
messages: Interacts with vWF. vWF binding is essential for the stabilization of F8 in circulation (By similarity).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by cathepsin CTSG to produce a partially activated form.
messages: The binding of vWF and activation depend on the sulfation of Tyr-1669.
messages: extracellular space

10090:Plxdc1
gene id: 10090:Plxdc1
uniprot id: Q91ZV7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Detected in brain. Highly expressed in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
messages: Expression increases in endothelial cells undergoing capillary morphogenesis.
messages: Interacts with NID1. May interact with CTTN.
messages: Plays a critical role in endothelial cell capillary morphogenesis.
messages: tight junction

10090:Lrrc8c
gene id: 10090:Lrrc8c
uniprot id: Q8R502
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LRRC8 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed at very low levels in adipose tissue.
messages: Heterohexamer (PubMed:29769723). Oligomerizes with other LRRC8 proteins (LRRC8A, LRRC8B, LRRC8D and/or LRRC8E) to form a heterohexamer (PubMed:24782309, PubMed:29769723). Detected in a channel complex that contains LRRC8A, LRRC8C and LRRC8E (By similarity). In vivo, the subunit composition may depend primarily on expression levels, and heterooligomeric channels containing various proportions of the different LRRC8 proteins may coexist (Probable).
messages: Induced during the earliest stages of adipogenesis.
messages: Mice do not show remarkable changes in body weight or the weight of white adipose tissue on a chow diet, but display significantly lower body weights and fat mass than wild-type mice when fed a high-fat diet. Moreover, improved insulin resistance induced by the high-fat diet is observed.
messages: Non-essential component of the volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC, also named VSOAC channel), an anion channel required to maintain a constant cell volume in response to extracellular or intracellular osmotic changes (PubMed:29769723). The VRAC channel conducts iodide better than chloride and can also conduct organic osmolytes like taurine (By similarity). Plays a redundant role in the efflux of amino acids, such as aspartate and glutamate, in response to osmotic stress (By similarity). The VRAC channel also mediates transport of immunoreactive cyclic dinucleotide GMP-AMP (2'-3'-cGAMP), an immune messenger produced in response to DNA virus in the cytosol (By similarity). Channel activity requires LRRC8A plus at least one other family member (LRRC8B, LRRC8C, LRRC8D or LRRC8E); channel characteristics depend on the precise subunit composition (By similarity). May play a role in adipogenesis (PubMed:15184384, PubMed:15564382, PubMed:21804215).
messages: The cytoplasmic N-terminus preceding the first transmembrane (residues 1-22) regulates volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) conductance, ion permeability and inactivation gating.
messages: The volume-regulated anion channel (VRAC) channel forms a trimer of dimers, with symmetry mismatch between the pore-forming domain and the cytosolic LRR repeats, a topology similar to gap junction proteins.

10090:Retsat
gene id: 10090:Retsat
uniprot id: Q64FW2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the carotenoid/retinoid oxidoreductase family. CrtISO subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the saturation of all-trans-retinol to all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol (PubMed:15358783, PubMed:17253779, PubMed:19139408). Does not exhibit any activity toward all-trans-retinoic acid, nor 9-cis, 11-cis or 13-cis-retinol isomers (PubMed:15358783). May play a role in the metabolism of vitamin A (PubMed:15358783, PubMed:17253779). Independently of retinol conversion, may regulate liver metabolism upstream of MLXIPL/ChREBP (PubMed:28855500). Required for adipocyte differentiation in a 3T3-L1 cell culture model (PubMed:19139408). This effect seems not to mimic the in vivo situation in which animals show increased adiposity in the absence of RETSAT (PubMed:19940255).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Knockout mice fed either low-fat or high-fat (HFD) diets gain weight at a similar rate as their wild-type littermates and show normal insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. However, they exhibit increased adiposity and increased expression of key adipogenic markers, including PPAR-gamma and its target adipocyte P2 (aP2/FABP4), while maintained on an HFD.
messages: Predominantly expressed in the liver (at protein level) (PubMed:19940255). Also expressed at high levels in kidney, intestine, and white fat and brown fat (PubMed:15358783, PubMed:18289917, PubMed:19139408, PubMed:28855500). Weakly expressed in heart, skeletal muscle and testis and barely detected in the lung, brain and spleen (PubMed:15358783, PubMed:18289917, PubMed:28855500). Up-regulated in the liver of diet-induced obese mice, compared to lean animals (PubMed:28855500). Down-regulated in adipose tissue of obese mice; this decrease could be due to the impact of inflammatory cells on adipocytes (PubMed:19139408).
messages: Up-regulated during adipocyte differentiation in a 3T3-L1 cell culture model (at protein level).
messages: Up-regulated during starvation (PubMed:18289917). Up-regulated by PPARG (PubMed:19139408).

10090:Olfr1126
gene id: 10090:Olfr1126
uniprot id: Q7TR49
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Smim12
gene id: 10090:Smim12
uniprot id: Q78RX3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the SMIM12 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Antxrl
gene id: 10090:Antxrl
uniprot id: A0A2U7XVH6
uniprot id: Q8BVM2
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATR family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Bcl9l
gene id: 10090:Bcl9l
uniprot id: Q67FY2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the BCL9 family.
messages: Expressed in embryo.
messages: Expressed in kidney, liver, lung, testis, brain, spleen, heart and skeletal muscle. Highly expressed in numerous colorectal tumors compared to corresponding non-cancerous tissues.
messages: Found in a complex with CDC73; CTNNB1 and PYGO1 (By similarity). Interacts with CTNNB1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Tne C-terminal domain is important for its transactivation activity.
messages: Transcriptional regulator that acts as an activator. Promotes beta-catenin transcriptional activity. Plays a role in tumorigenesis. Enhances the neoplastic transforming activity of CTNNB1.

10090:Pard3
gene id: 10090:Pard3
uniprot id: A5D6P2
uniprot id: B7ZNY3
uniprot id: E9PYJ2
uniprot id: G3XA13
uniprot id: Q99NH2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated. Deacetylated by SIRT2, thereby inhibiting Schwann cell peripheral myelination.
messages: Adapter protein involved in asymmetrical cell division and cell polarization processes (By similarity). Seems to play a central role in the formation of epithelial tight junctions (By similarity). Targets the phosphatase PTEN to cell junctions (By similarity). Association with PARD6B may prevent the interaction of PARD3 with F11R/JAM1, thereby preventing tight junction assembly (PubMed:11839275). The PARD6-PARD3 complex links GTP-bound Rho small GTPases to atypical protein kinase C proteins (By similarity). Required for establishment of neuronal polarity and normal axon formation in cultured hippocampal neurons (By similarity). Involved in Schwann cell peripheral myelination (PubMed:21949390).
messages: All isoforms are expressed in heart, while expression in brain is mainly limited to isoform 1, and to isoform 3 to a weaker level.
messages: Belongs to the PAR3 family.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Contains a conserved N-terminal oligomerization domain (NTD) that is involved in oligomerization and is essential for proper subapical membrane localization.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed at the outer limiting membrane of the retina at 3 months of age.
messages: Expressed in the oocyte from 9.5 dpc to 14.5 dpc.
messages: Expression decreases in the egg as compared to the oocyte.
messages: Expression increases steadily throughout oocyte maturation.
messages: Interacts with PRCKI and CDH5. Interacts (via PDZ 3 domain) with PTEN (via C-terminus). Component of a complex whose core is composed of ARHGAP17, AMOT, PALS1, PATJ and PARD3/PAR3. Interacts with LIMK2, AURKA and AURKB. Component of the Par polarity complex, composed of at least phosphorylated PRKCZ, PARD3 and TIAM1. Interacts with ECT2 and FBF1 (By similarity). Interacts (via PDZ 1 domain) with F11R/JAM1, PARD6A and PARD6B. Part of a complex with PARD6A or PARD6B, PRKCI or PRKCZ and CDC42 or RAC1. Directly interacts with TIAM1 and TIAM2. Interacts with SIRT2. Interacts (via coiled-coil domain) with FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Found in a complex with PARD3, CYTH1 and FRMD4A (PubMed:20080746). Interacts with SAPCD2 (By similarity). Interacts with PRKCA (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with PRKCZ.
messages: Not expressed in the oocyte.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-824 by PRKCZ and PRKCI occurs at the most apical tip of epithelial cell-cell contacts during the initial phase of tight junction formation and may promote dissociation of the complex with PARD6. EGF-induced Tyr-1123 phosphorylation mediates dissociation from LIMK2 (By similarity). Phosphorylation by AURKA at Ser-958 is required for the normal establishment of neuronal polarity (By similarity). Isoform 4 and isoform 5 are phosphorylated during oocyte maturation (Probable).
messages: The second PDZ domain mediates interaction with membranes containing phosphoinositol lipids.
messages: adherens junction
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: tight junction

10090:Tymp
gene id: 10090:Tymp
uniprot id: Q99N42
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the thymidine/pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase family.
messages: Catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of thymidine. The produced molecules are then utilized as carbon and energy sources or in the rescue of pyrimidine bases for nucleotide synthesis (By similarity).
messages: Homodimer.

10090:Ppp1r3b
gene id: 10090:Ppp1r3b
uniprot id: Q8C767
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a glycogen-targeting subunit for phosphatase PP1. Facilitates interaction of the PP1 with enzymes of the glycogen metabolism and regulates its activity. Suppresses the rate at which PP1 dephosphorylates (inactivates) glycogen phosphorylase and enhances the rate at which it activates glycogen synthase and therefore limits glycogen breakdown. Its activity is inhibited by PYGL, resulting in inhibition of the glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase phosphatase activities of PP1. Dramatically increases basal and insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis upon overexpression in hepatocytes (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in lung at 12.5 and 16.5 dpc and declines thereafter. Expressed in epithelial cells of the bronchus and smooth muscle of the pulmonary artery at 13.5 and 16.5 dpc.
messages: Highly expressed in liver (at protein level). Expressed predominantly in liver. Expressed moderately in heart. Expressed weakly in prostate, stomach, thyroid, lung, kidney, spleen and skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with glycogen, PPP1CC catalytic subunit of PP1 and PYGL. Associates with glycogen particles. Forms complexes with debranching enzyme, glycogen phosphorylase, glycogen synthase and phosphorylase kinase which is necessary for its regulation of PP1 activity (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminal region is required for binding to PP1, the central region is required for binding to glycogen and the C-terminal region is required for binding to PYGL.
messages: Up-regulated by TITF1.

10090:Olfr675
gene id: 10090:Olfr675
uniprot id: Q7TRP1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ctcfl
gene id: 10090:Ctcfl
uniprot id: A2APF3
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CTCF zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with histones, PRMT7 and SETD1A. Interacts (via N-terminus) with BAG6/BAT3 (By similarity).
messages: Not detected at 13.5 dpc. Detected in mitotically arrested gonocytes of 14.5 dpc embryos. From 17.5 dpc to newborn, it is expressed in some centrally located gonocytes and cells present at the periphery of the developing seminiferous tubules. Present in nuclei of spermatogonia from 15 days after birth to adulthood.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Testis-specific DNA binding protein responsible for insulator function, nuclear architecture and transcriptional control, which probably acts by recruiting epigenetic chromatin modifiers. Plays a key role in gene imprinting in male germline, by participating in the establishment of differential methylation at the IGF2/H19 imprinted control region (ICR). Directly binds the unmethylated H19 ICR and recruits the PRMT7 methyltransferase, leading to methylate histone H4 'Arg-3' to form H4R3sme2. This probably leads to recruit de novo DNA methyltransferases at these sites. Seems to act as tumor suppressor. In association with DNMT1 and DNMT3B, involved in activation of BAG1 gene expression by binding to its promoter. Required for dimethylation of H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me2) of MYC and BRCA1 promoters.
messages: Testis-specific.

10090:Adat3
gene id: 10090:Adat3
uniprot id: Q6PAT0
names: Caution
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family. ADAT3 subfamily.
messages: Val-225 is present instead of the conserved Glu which is an active site in the cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family of enzymes. It is suggested that this protein may act as a regulatory subunit.

10090:Colca2
gene id: 10090:Colca2
uniprot id: F8VPY8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU2AF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in tuft cells.
messages: In the N-terminus possesses a conserved OCA domain for bivalent binding to class II POU domain-containing transcription factors and to an octamer DNA motif (5'-ATGAAAT-3').
messages: Interacts with POU2F3 in a DNA-dependent manner; this interaction increases POU2F3 transactivation activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional coactivator that specifically associates with POU2F3. This complex drives the development of tuft cells, a rare a rare chemosensory cells that coordinate immune and neural functions within mucosal epithelial tissues.

10090:Zfp13
gene id: 10090:Zfp13
uniprot id: P10754
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Sec31b
gene id: 10090:Sec31b
uniprot id: Q3TZ89
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: As a component of the coat protein complex II (COPII), may function in vesicle budding and cargo export from the endoplasmic reticulum.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat SEC31 family.
messages: COPII is composed of at least 5 proteins: the SEC23/24 complex, the SEC13/31 complex and SAR1. SEC13 and SEC31 make a 2:2 tetramer that forms the edge element of the COPII outer coat. The tetramer self-assembles in multiple copies to form the complete polyhedral cage. Interacts (via WD 8) with SEC13 (By similarity). Interacts with SEC31A (By similarity).
messages: COPII-coated vesicle membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Monoubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL12) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, leading to regulate the size of COPII coats.

10090:Dcst1
gene id: 10090:Dcst1
uniprot id: Q059Y8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which mediates 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STAT2 and induces its proteosomal degradation thereby negatively regulating type-I-interferon signaling.
messages: Essential sperm cell-surface protein required for sperm-egg fusion and fertilization.
messages: Expressed in testis.
messages: In testis, not detected before 3 weeks after birth.
messages: Interacts with STAT2; the interaction results in STAT2 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination leading to its proteasomal degradation. Interacts with DCST2 (PubMed:35393517).
messages: Knockout males are sterile despite normal mating behavior with ejaculation and vaginal plug formation (PubMed:33871360, PubMed:35393517). DCST1 and DCST2 double knockout males, but not females, are completely infertile. Mutants have no disturbances in sperm migration into the oviduct, acrosome reaction and zona penetration. Mutant spermatozoa are capable of binding to the plasma membranes of oocytes but fail to proceed to membrane fusion with oocytes (PubMed:33871360, PubMed:35393517).
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is responsible for E3 ubiquitin ligase activity.
messages: acrosome membrane

10090:Dennd5b
gene id: 10090:Dennd5b
uniprot id: A2RSQ0
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the RAB6IP1 family.
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB39A and/or RAB39B. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Probable cloning artifact.

10090:Tmem178b
gene id: 10090:Tmem178b
uniprot id: Q8BNC6
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the TMEM178 family.

10090:Nlrc4
gene id: 10090:Nlrc4
uniprot id: Q3UP24
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed by intestinal mononuclear phagocytes.
messages: Homooligomer; homooligomerizes following activation of Naip proteins by pathogenic proteins such as S.typhimurium (Salmonella) flagellin or PrgJ (PubMed:23765277, PubMed:26449474, PubMed:26585513, PubMed:29146805). Component of the NLRC4 inflammasome, at least composed of NLRC4, caspase-1 (CASP1) and some NAIP protein (Naip, Naip2 or Naip5) (PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:26585513). Interacts with Naip5 and Naip6; following Naip5 and Naip6 engagement by Salmonella flagellin (PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:29182158, PubMed:29146805). Interacts with Naip2; following Naip2 engagement by Salmonella PrgJ (PubMed:21874021, PubMed:21918512, PubMed:26449474). The inflammasome is a huge complex that contains multiple copies of NLRC4 and a single Naip protein chain (PubMed:26449474, PubMed:29146805). Some NLRC4 inflammasomes contain PYCARD/ASC, while some others directly contact and activate CASP1 (PubMed:21147462). Interacts with EIF2AK2/PKR (By similarity).
messages: In an autoinhibited form the C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain is positioned to sterically occlude one side of the NBD domain and consequently sequester NLRC4 in a monomeric state. An ADP-mediated interaction between the NBD and the WHD also contributes to the autoinhibition (PubMed:23765277).
messages: Inflammasome
messages: Key component of inflammasomes that indirectly senses specific proteins from pathogenic bacteria and fungi and responds by assembling an inflammasome complex that promotes caspase-1 activation, cytokine production and macrophage pyroptosis. The NLRC4 inflammasome is activated as part of the innate immune response to a range of intracellular bacteria. It senses pathogenic proteins of the type III secretion system (T3SS) and type IV secretion system (T4SS) such as flagellin and PrgJ-like rod proteins via the Naip proteins (Naip1, Naip2 or Naip5): specific Naip proteins recognize and bind pathogenic proteins, driving assembly and activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome. The NLRC4 inflammasome senses Gram-negative bacteria such as L.pneumophila and P.aeruginosa, enteric pathogens S.typhimurium (Salmonella) and S.flexneri and fungal pathogen C.albicans. In intestine, the NLRC4 inflammasome is able to discriminate between commensal and pathogenic bacteria and specifically drives production of interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) in response to infection by Salmonella or P.aeruginosa. In case of L.pneumophila infection the inflammasome acts by activating caspase-7.
messages: Mice show defects in inflammasome function in response to S.typhimurium (Salmonella) infection. Differences are however observed depending on the strain background: in a C57BL/6J strain background, no striking differences are observed compared to wild-type mice following Salmonella infection. While in a BALB/c strain background, mice are highly susceptible to orogastric but not intraperitoneal infection with Salmonella: enhanced lethality is preceded by impaired expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, lower neutrophil recruitment and poor intestinal pathogen clearance.
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-533 following infection of macrophages with S.typhimurium (Salmonella). Phosphorylation is essential for NLRC4 inflammasome function to promote caspase-1 activation and pyroptosis. PRKCD phosphorylates Ser-533 in vitro.
messages: cytosol

10090:Traf6
gene id: 10090:Traf6
uniprot id: P70196
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Abrogation of IL-1-induced activation of NF-kappa-B, MAPK8/JNK and MAPK14/p38. Animals appear normal at birth but become smaller after one week. Show runting, failure of tooth eruption and die after three weeks. Exhibit severe osteopetrosis, thymic atrophy, lymph node deficiency, splenomegaly, and have alopecia and lack sweat glands.
messages: Belongs to the TNF receptor-associated factor family. A subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase that, together with UBE2N and UBE2V1, mediates the synthesis of 'Lys-63'-linked-polyubiquitin chains conjugated to proteins, such as IKBKG, IRAK1, AKT1 and AKT2 (PubMed:15322147, PubMed:17633018). Also mediates ubiquitination of free/unanchored polyubiquitin chain that leads to MAP3K7 activation (By similarity). Leads to the activation of NF-kappa-B and JUN. Seems to also play a role in dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and/or activation (PubMed:14499111). Represses c-Myb-mediated transactivation, in B-lymphocytes (By similarity). Adapter protein that seems to play a role in signal transduction initiated via TNF receptor, IL-1 receptor and IL-17 receptor (PubMed:10421844, PubMed:10215628). Regulates osteoclast differentiation by mediating the activation of adapter protein complex 1 (AP-1) and NF-kappa-B, in response to RANK-L stimulation (PubMed:10421844, PubMed:17092936). Together with MAP3K8, mediates CD40 signals that activate ERK in B-cells and macrophages, and thus may play a role in the regulation of immunoglobulin production (PubMed:12881420). Participates also in the TCR signaling by ubiquitinating LAT (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, and kidney; lower expression in heart, spleen, and testis.
messages: Homotrimer (By similarity). Homooligomer (By similarity). N-terminal region is dimeric while C-terminal region is trimeric; maybe providing a mode of oligomerization. Upon IL1B treatment, forms a complex with PELI1, IRAK1, IRAK4 and MYD88; this complex recruits MAP3K7/TAK1, TAB1 and TAB2 to mediate NF-kappa-B activation. Direct binding of SMAD6 to PELI1 prevents the complex formation and hence negatively regulates IL1R-TLR signaling and eventually NF-kappa-B-mediated gene expression. Binds to TNFRSF5/CD40 and TNFRSF11A/RANK (By similarity). Associates with NGFR, TNFRSF17, IRAK2, IRAK3, PELI2, PELI3, RIPK2, MAP3K1, MAP3K5, MAP3K14, CSK, TRAF, TRAF-interacting protein TRIP and TNF receptor associated protein TDP2. Binds UBE2V1. Interacts with MAVS/IPS1. Interacts with TAX1BP1; this interaction mediates deubiquitination of TRAF6 and inhibition of NF-kappa-B activation (By similarity). Interacts with IL17R. Interacts with SQSTM1 bridging NTRK1 and NGFR. Forms a ternary complex with SQSTM1 and PRKCZ. Interacts with IL1RL1. Interacts with AJUBA (By similarity). Interacts with TRAFD1. Interacts with TICAM2. Interacts with ZFAND5. Interacts with ARRB1 and ARRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP3K7 and TAB1/MAP3K7IP1; during IL-1 signaling. Interacts with UBE2N. Interacts with TGFBR1, HDAC1 and RANGAP1. Interacts with AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3. Interacts (via TRAF domains) with NUMBL (via C-terminal) (By similarity). Interacts (via TRAF domains) with DYNC2I2 (via WD domains). Interacts with RBCK1 (By similarity). Interacts with LIMD1 (via LIM domains). Interacts with RSAD2/viperin. Interacts with IFIT3 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with EIF2AK2/PKR (via the kinase catalytic domain). Interacts with CARD14 (By similarity). Interacts with CD40 and MAP3K8; the interaction is required for ERK activation. Interacts with TICAM1 and this interaction is enhanced in the presence of WDFY1 (By similarity). Interacts with TANK; this interaction increases in res…
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated on Lys-124 by TRAF3IP2; after cell stimulation with IL17A (By similarity). Polyubiquitinated; after cell stimulation with IL1B or TGFB. This ligand-induced cell stimulation leads to dimerization/oligomerization of TRAF6 molecules, followed by auto-ubiquitination which involves UBE2N and UBE2V1 and leads to TRAF6 activation. This 'Lys-63' site-specific poly-ubiquitination appears to be associated with the activation of signaling molecules. Endogenous autoubiquitination occurs only for the cytoplasmic form. Deubiquitinated by USP10 in a TANK-dependent manner, leading to the negative regulation of NF-kappa-B signaling upon DNA damage. LRRC19 induces 'Lys-63' ubiquitination (PubMed:25026888).
messages: Sumoylated on Lys-124, Lys-142 and Lys-461 with SUMO1.
messages: The MATH/TRAF domain binds to receptor cytoplasmic domains.
messages: The coiled coil domain mediates homo- and hetero-oligomerization.
messages: cell cortex

10090:Sod3
gene id: 10090:Sod3
uniprot id: O09164
uniprot id: Q542X9
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.
messages: Binds 1 copper ion per subunit.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
messages: Homotetramer (By similarity). Directly interacts with ATP7A/MNK; this interaction is copper-dependent and is required for SOD3 activity (By similarity).
messages: Protect the extracellular space from toxic effect of reactive oxygen intermediates by converting superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.
messages: extracellular space
messages: trans-Golgi network

10090:Spag7
gene id: 10090:Spag7
uniprot id: Q7TNE3
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Jph3
gene id: 10090:Jph3
uniprot id: Q9ET77
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the junctophilin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Junctophilins contribute to the formation of junctional membrane complexes (JMCs) which link the plasma membrane with the endoplasmic or sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells. Provides a structural foundation for functional cross-talk between the cell surface and intracellular calcium release channels. JPH3 is brain-specific and appears to have an active role in certain neurons involved in motor coordination and memory.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile, but have defects in balance/motor coordination tasks. Jph3 and Jph4 double knockout mice exhibit atypical depolarizing responses, irregular cerebellar plasticity due to abolished crosstalk in Purkinje cells. There is hyperphosphorylation of PRKCG and mild impairment of synaptic maturation. Exploratory activity, hippocampal plasticity and memory are impaired and there is abnormal foot-clasping reflex.
messages: Specifically expressed in brain. Highest levels in the olfactory tubercle, caudate putamen, nucleus accumbens, hippocampal formation, piriform cortex and cerebellar cortex. Expressed in disctete neurons sites. In hippocampal formation, expressed in dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal and denate granule cells. In cerebellum, it is highly expressed in Purkinge cells, while it is weakly expressed in granular cells.
messages: The MORN (membrane occupation and recognition nexus) repeats contribute to the plasma membrane binding, possibly by interacting with phospholipids.

10090:Tceanc2
gene id: 10090:Tceanc2
uniprot id: Q8R2M0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TCEANC2 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Dsc3
gene id: 10090:Dsc3
uniprot id: P55850
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium may be bound by the cadherin-like repeats.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of intercellular desmosome junctions. Involved in the interaction of plaque proteins and intermediate filaments mediating cell-cell adhesion. May contribute to epidermal cell positioning (stratification) by mediating differential adhesiveness between cells that express different isoforms.
messages: First expressed at 13.0 dpc in epithelium of whisker pads and external nares, and in most mature vibrissa follicles. 12 hours later, prominently expressed in whiskers and tactile follicles above the eye. At 14.5 dpc, also expressed in developing nails and teeth and, at low levels, in ventral and lateral skin. At 15.5 dpc, highly expressed in general body epidermis and at 16.5 dpc, detected over entire embryo. In the adult, highly expressed in basal layers of stratified cells.
messages: Three calcium ions are usually bound at the interface of each cadherin domain and rigidify the connections, imparting a strong curvature to the full-length ectodomain.
messages: desmosome

10090:Cps1
gene id: 10090:Cps1
uniprot id: Q8C196
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation of Lys-287, Lys-603, Lys-841 and Lys-1291 is observed in liver mitochondria from fasted mice but not from fed mice.
messages: Can form homooligomers (monomers as predominant form and dimers).
messages: Glutarylated. Glutarylation levels increase during fasting. Deglutarylated by SIRT5 at Lys-55, Lys-219, Lys-412, Lys-889, Lys-892, Lys-915, Lys-1360 and Lys-1486, leading to activation.
messages: Involved in the urea cycle of ureotelic animals where the enzyme plays an important role in removing excess ammonia from the cell.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Requires N-acetyl-L-glutamate (NAG) as an allosteric activator.
messages: Succinylated at Lys-44, Lys-287 and Lys-1291. Desuccinylated at Lys-1291 by SIRT5, leading to activation.
messages: The type-1 glutamine amidotransferase domain is defective.
messages: Undergoes proteolytic cleavage in the C-terminal region corresponding to the loss of approximately 12 AA residues from the C-terminus.
messages: Was initially reported to be deacetylated by Sirt5 (PubMed:19410549). However, it was later shown that Sirt5 has poor deacetylase activity and mediates desuccinylation of Cps1 instead (PubMed:22076378).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Ap1b1
gene id: 10090:Ap1b1
uniprot id: O35643
uniprot id: Q8CC13
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) is a heterotetramer composed of two large adaptins (gamma-type subunit AP1G1 and beta-type subunit AP1B1), a medium adaptin (mu-type subunit AP1M1 or AP1M2) and a small adaptin (sigma-type subunit AP1S1 or AP1S2 or AP1S3).
messages: Belongs to the adaptor complexes large subunit family.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Subunit of clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 1 that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules.
messages: Widely expressed.
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

10090:Pidd1
gene id: 10090:Pidd1
uniprot id: Q9ERV7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of the DNA damage/stress response pathway that functions downstream of p53/TP53 and can either promote cell survival or apoptosis (PubMed:10973264). Associated with CRADD and the CASP2 caspase, it forms the PIDDosome a complex that activates CASP2 and triggers apoptosis. Associated with IKBKG and RIPK1, it enhances sumoylation and ubiquitination of IKBKG which is important for activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a complex named the PIDDosome with CASP2 and CRADD (PubMed:22279524). Forms a complex with IKBKG and RIPK1. Interacts with FADD and MADD (By similarity).
messages: Induced by TP53/tumor suppressor p53 and gamma-irradiation.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The Death domain mediates the interaction with CRADD and the formation of a complex composed of 5 PIDD1 and 7 CRADD proteins which in turn recruit 7 CASP2 to form the PIDDosome.
messages: The LRR repeat-containing domain has a regulatory activity, being autoinhibitory for the activation of NF-kappa-B.
messages: Ubiquitous.
messages: Undergoes autoproteolytic processing whose extent either directs cells towards survival or apoptotic pathways. Autoproteolytically cleaved into two main fragments PIDD-N and PIDD-C. PIDD-C can be further processed into PIDD-CC, a processing which is enhanced by DNA damage. The cleavage producing PIDD-C is required for translocation of PIDD1 to the nucleus upon DNA damage and activation of NF-kappa-B. PIDD-CC mediates the interaction with CRADD and the cleavage producing PIDD-CC is required for the activation of CASP2. PIDD-N remains associated with PIDD-C and PIDD-CC after cleavage.

10090:Galnt10
gene id: 10090:Galnt10
uniprot id: Q5SQF9
uniprot id: Q6P9S7
names: Caution
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: According to experiments made in rat, this enzyme is unable to transfer GalNAc onto serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor, but instead requires the prior addition of a GalNAc on a peptide before adding additional GalNAc moieties, thereby acting as a glycopeptide transferase.
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family. GalNAc-T subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the initial reaction in O-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis, the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue to a serine or threonine residue on the protein receptor. Has activity toward Muc5Ac and EA2 peptide substrates (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at higher level than GALNT9. In the developing hindbrain region of 14.5 dpc embryos it accumulates in the rapidly dividing, undifferentiated ventricular zone adjacent to the pons. It also accumulates in the regions immediately rostral and caudal to the dorsal rhombic lips differentiating into the cerebellum. Not expressed in the developing choroid plexus.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: The ricin B-type lectin domain binds to GalNAc and contributes to the glycopeptide specificity.
messages: There are two conserved domains in the glycosyltransferase region: the N-terminal domain (domain A, also called GT1 motif), which is probably involved in manganese coordination and substrate binding and the C-terminal domain (domain B, also called Gal/GalNAc-T motif), which is probably involved in catalytic reaction and UDP-Gal binding.

10090:Tmem117
gene id: 10090:Tmem117
uniprot id: Q8BH18
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM117 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced cell death pathway.

10090:Olfr809
gene id: 10090:Olfr809
uniprot id: Q8VEX8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr503
gene id: 10090:Olfr503
uniprot id: Q7TRU8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tfip11
gene id: 10090:Tfip11
uniprot id: Q3TTV6
uniprot id: Q9ERA6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TFP11/STIP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed as early as 14 dpc and continues into postnatal development. Within the developing tooth, expression is localized at the apical region of the ameloblast cells and to the apical regions of the newly formed enamel matrix.
messages: Identified in the spliceosome C complex. Found in the Intron Large (IL) complex, a post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex containing the excised intron, U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs, and splicing factors. Interacts with TUFT1. Interacts with DHX15; indicative for a recruitment of DHX15 to the IL complex. Interacts with GCFC2.
messages: Involved in pre-mRNA splicing, specifically in spliceosome disassembly during late-stage splicing events. Intron turnover seems to proceed through reactions in two lariat-intron associated complexes termed Intron Large (IL) and Intron Small (IS). In cooperation with DHX15 seems to mediate the transition of the U2, U5 and U6 snRNP-containing IL complex to the snRNP-free IS complex leading to efficient debranching and turnover of excised introns. May play a role in the differentiation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts or in the forming of the enamel extracellular matrix.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Widely expressed. In tooth it is expressed in ameloblasts and odontoblasts.

10090:Prcd
gene id: 10090:Prcd
uniprot id: Q00LT2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PRCD family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in retina, where it localizes to both rod and cone photoreceptors (at protein level).
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Interacts with RHO/rhodopsin; the interaction promotes PRCD stability.
messages: Involved in vision.
messages: Membrane
messages: Palmitoylated at Cys-2 (PubMed:27509380). Palmitoylation is essential for protein stability and trafficking to the photoreceptor outer segment, but does not appear to be essential for membrane localization (PubMed:27509380). Probably palmitoylated by ZDHHC3 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Cox7b2
gene id: 10090:Cox7b2
uniprot id: Q9D2H1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cytochrome c oxidase VIIb family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Gpcpd1
gene id: 10090:Gpcpd1
uniprot id: Q8C0L9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase family.
messages: Down-regulated in skeletal muscles atrophies, including atrophies linked to aging and denervation.
messages: May be involved in the negative regulation of skeletal muscle differentiation, independently of its glycerophosphocholine phosphodiesterase activity.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in skeletal muscle and heart.
messages: cytosol

10090:Gja10
gene id: 10090:Gja10
uniprot id: A0A654ICX6
uniprot id: Q9WUS4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family.
messages: Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the retina from 16.5 dpc to P1, in the thymus from 18.5 dpc to P1, and in kidney from 16.5 dpc to 18.5 dpc.
messages: Low levels were detected in skin, heart, kidney, testis, ovary, intestine. Expression not detected in brain, sciatic nerve or liver. According to PubMed:15147297 expression is detected only in horizontal cells in the inner nuclear layer of the retina and not in other neurons of the central nervous system or tissues. Detected in the outer plexiform layer of the retina (at protein level).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are fertile and show no obvious anatomical or behavioral abnormalities. In horizontal cells of the retina tracer coupling is abolished but the spatial tuning of ganglion cells is unchanged.
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.
messages: One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Involved in tracer coupling between horizontal cells of the retina. May play a role in the regulation of horizontal cell patterning.
messages: gap junction

10090:P2ry4
gene id: 10090:P2ry4
uniprot id: Q0VBT7
uniprot id: Q9JJS7
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the liver, intestine, stomach, bladder and lung.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-329 and Ser-330 is a key step in agonist-dependent desensitization and loss of surface P2RY4. This phosphorylation does not involve PKC, nor other calcium-activated kinases (By similarity).
messages: Receptor for ATP and UTP coupled to G-proteins that activate a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

10090:Coro1a
gene id: 10090:Coro1a
uniprot id: O89053
uniprot id: Q3U1N0
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.
messages: Binds actin.
messages: Expressed in spleen, lymph nodes, thymus, brain and at very lower levels in lung. Also expressed in cells of the lymphoid/myeloid lineage. Not expressed in Kuffper cells.
messages: May be a crucial component of the cytoskeleton of highly motile cells, functioning both in the invagination of large pieces of plasma membrane, as well as in forming protrusions of the plasma membrane involved in cell locomotion. In mycobacteria-infected cells, its retention on the phagosomal membrane prevents fusion between phagosomes and lysosomes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Polyubiquitinated by RNF128 with 'Lys-48'-linked chains, leading to proteasomal degradation.
messages: cell cortex
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: phagosome membrane
messages: phosphorylation at Ser-412 by PKC strongly down-regulates the association with actin.

10090:Aqp2
gene id: 10090:Aqp2
uniprot id: P56402
uniprot id: Q3UQD4
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Aquaporins contain two tandem repeats each containing three membrane-spanning domains and a pore-forming loop with the signature motif Asn-Pro-Ala (NPA).
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the MIP/aquaporin (TC 1.A.8) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Defects in Aqp2 are a cause of congenital progressive hydronephrosis (cph). Homozygous mice appear grossly normal at birth, but grow slowly, and 90% die between 2 and 4 weeks after birth. They display symptoms reminiscent of diabetes insipidus, with excessive water drinking (polydipsia), excessive urine excretion (polyuria), and persistent hypotonic urine. When older than 14 days, they nearly always display severe bilateral hydronephrosis resulting from impaired downward urine transport, in spite of the absence of physical blockage of the urinary tract. Surviving adults have a shortened lifespan and die at the latest at an age of 10 months. They display reduced fertility or are infertile.
messages: Detected in principal cells in the collecting duct in kidney medulla and cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:10191086, PubMed:16735444, PubMed:16641094, PubMed:31605441). Expressed in a radial pattern from the cortex through the outer medulla into the inner medulla (PubMed:12426236). Higher levels in the inner medulla (PubMed:12426236).
messages: Forms a water-specific channel that provides the plasma membranes of renal collecting duct with high permeability to water, thereby permitting water to move in the direction of an osmotic gradient (PubMed:10191086). Plays an essential role in renal water homeostasis (PubMed:16641094).
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Increased levels on water deprivation.
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Ser-256 phosphorylation is necessary and sufficient for expression at the apical membrane (PubMed:16641094). Endocytosis is not phosphorylation-dependent (By similarity).
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Adgrf4
gene id: 10090:Adgrf4
uniprot id: A0A0D9SEG9
uniprot id: Q9D2L6
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Expressed during embryonic development in the skin starting at embryonic day 12 with the formation of the basal layer of the skin.
messages: Expressed in squamous epithelia.
messages: Membrane
messages: Most adhesion GPCRs undergo autoproteolysis at the GPS domain. ADGRF2 is not autoproteolyzed at the GPS motif because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence within GPS domain.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Klra17
gene id: 10090:Klra17
uniprot id: Q8BJS9
uniprot id: Q9JMA4
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Marcksl1
gene id: 10090:Marcksl1
uniprot id: P28667
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the MARCKS family.
messages: Binds to filamentous actin (F-actin), but not to monomeric G-actin, independently of its phosphorylation status (PubMed:22751924). Interacts with calmodulin (PubMed:1618855).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed at high levels in brain cortex and hippocampus, including dentate gyrus, anterior olfactory nucleus, primary olfactory cortex, entorhinal cortex, medial preoptic area and dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (at protein level) (PubMed:1864362, PubMed:8406449, PubMed:9598313, PubMed:22751924). Expressed in neuronal cells (at protein level) (PubMed:22751924). Detected in the retina (PubMed:9598313). Strongly expressed in testis and uterus; expressed at lower levels in cerebellum, cerebrum, adipose tissue, spleen, kidney, thyroid, liver, lung, skeletal muscle and heart (PubMed:8406449). Detected in T-cells and B-cells (PubMed:8406449).
messages: Expressed in the developing neural tube as early as 8.5 dpc. Remains most highly expressed in the developing brain and spinal cord during later development at least until 14.5 dpc. Also detected in the lung, adrenal gland, gut and kidney, particularly the kidney cortex. Undetectable in the liver.
messages: Involved in the control of cell movement by regulating actin cytoskeleton homeostasis and filopodium and lamellipodium formation (PubMed:22751924). When unphosphorylated, induces cell migration (PubMed:22751924). When phosphorylated by MAPK8, induces actin bundles formation and stabilization, thereby reducing actin plasticity, hence restricting cell movement, including neuronal migration (PubMed:22751924). May be involved in coupling the protein kinase C and calmodulin signal transduction systems (Probable).
messages: Phosphorylated (PubMed:1618855, PubMed:22751924). Phosphorylation at Ser-120 and Thr-183 is non-redundantly catalyzed by MAPK8 in vivo (PubMed:22751924). Phosphorylation at Thr-148 is preferentially catalyzed by MAPK8 in vivo, but this modification can also be catalyzed by other kinases in the absence of MAPK8 (PubMed:22751924). May be phosphorylated by protein kinase C, which disrupts the interaction with calmodulin (PubMed:1618855).
messages: Up-regulated in peritoneal macrophages in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ucma
gene id: 10090:Ucma
uniprot id: Q14BU0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the UCMA family.
messages: Expression inhibited by TGFB1, and weakly inhibited by BMP2.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: May be involved in the negative control of osteogenic differentiation of osteochondrogenic precursor cells in peripheral zones of fetal cartilage and at the cartilage-bone interface.
messages: Predominantly expressed in resting chondrocytes.
messages: Proteolytically cleaved by a furin-like convertase to generate a persistent C-terminal fragment found in almost the entire cartilage matrix, and affecting osteoblast differentiation.
messages: Secreted
messages: Sulfated on one or two tyrosine residues within the tryptic peptide 121-135.
messages: Transiently expressed in the developing mouse skeleton between day 13.5 dpc of embryonic development and 5 months of postnatal development. Absent in undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. Isoforms 1 and 3 are significantly increased with the onset of chondrogenesis, whereas Isoforms 2 and 4 are detected at a later stage.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Tafa1
gene id: 10090:Tafa1
uniprot id: Q7TPG8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TAFA family.
messages: Detected as early as 12.5 dpc, expression peaks between postnatal day 1 and day 7 and decreases at week 8 after birth (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the hippocampus and detected also in the cortex (at protein level).
messages: Expression decreases upon brain injury.
messages: Regulatory factor which is ligand for CMKLR2 and is involved in the modulation of neural stem-cell proliferation and differentiation.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tdrd7
gene id: 10090:Tdrd7
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQD1
uniprot id: Q8K1H1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 12.5 dpc, it is expressed in differentiating fiber cells in the posterior lens, but not in the anterior epithelium of the lens (AEL).
messages: Belongs to the TDRD7 family.
messages: Component of specific cytoplasmic RNA granules involved in post-transcriptional regulation of specific genes: probably acts by binding to specific mRNAs and regulating their translation. Required for lens transparency during lens development, by regulating translation of genes such as CRYBB3 and HSPB1 in the developing lens. Also required during spermatogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Found in a mRNP complex, at least composed of TDRD1, TDRD6, TDRD7 and DDX4. Found in a complex containing CABLES1, CDK16 and CDK17. Interacts with CABLES1, CDK17 and PIWIL1.
messages: Mainly expressed in testis. Expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes and round spermatids (at protein level). Also expressed in the developing lens.
messages: Mice develop cataracts and glaucoma and males are sterile. Within 4 weeks of birth, mice develop a posterior cataract that becomes severe with age. At later stages, the lens fiber cell compartment develops vacuoles with lens capsule rupture and extrusion of fiber cell mass into the vitreous. In addition, the mass of fiber cells passes through the pupil into the anterior chamber of the eye. By 4 months of age, iris flattening is detected and anterior chamber depth increased. By 6 months of age, the intraocular pressure (IOP) is elevated in some mutants, and the incidence of elevated IOP increases with age, leading to glaucome. Severe optic nerve atrophy characterized by retinal ganglion cell axon loss and excavative remodeling of the optic nerve are observed. In addition, males display sterility due to an arrest in spermatogenesis at the round spermatid stage, likely due to a chromatoid body defect.

10090:Lrrc26
gene id: 10090:Lrrc26
uniprot id: Q91W20
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Auxiliary protein of the large-conductance, voltage and calcium-activated potassium channel (BK alpha). Required for the conversion of BK alpha channels from a high-voltage to a low-voltage activated channel type in non-excitable cells. These are characterized by negative membrane voltages and constant low levels of calcium (By similarity).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with KCNMA1.
messages: The transmembrane domain is necessary for interaction with KCNMA1.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ralgps1
gene id: 10090:Ralgps1
uniprot id: A2AR50
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the small GTPase RALA. May be involved in cytoskeleton organization.
messages: Interacts with the SH3 domains of GRB2, NCK1, PLCG1 and SRC.
messages: The PH domain mediates binding to membranes. It is required for efficient GEF activity.

10090:Armcx5
gene id: 10090:Armcx5
uniprot id: Q3UZB0
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the eutherian X-chromosome-specific Armcx family.
messages: Highly expressed in the developing neural tissues, neural crest derivatives and hind limbs.

10090:4930568D16Rik
gene id: 10090:4930568D16Rik
uniprot id: A2AUQ7
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 6 family.
messages: Binds 1 Mn(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Golgi stack membrane
messages: Synthesizes the galactose-alpha(1,3)-galactose group by catalyzing the transfer of a galactose residue, with an alpha-1,3 linkage, on terminal lactosaminide (Gal-beta-1,4-GlcNAc-R) disaccharide borne by a glycoprotein or a glycolipid.
messages: The conserved DXD motif is involved in cofactor binding. The manganese ion interacts with the beta-phosphate group of UDP and may also have a role in catalysis (By similarity).
messages: This gene is not expressed in humans.

10090:Csdc2
gene id: 10090:Csdc2
uniprot id: Q91YQ3
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding factor which binds specifically to the very 3'-UTR ends of both histone H1 and H3.3 mRNAs, encompassing the polyadenylation signal. Might play a central role in the negative regulation of histone variant synthesis in the developing brain (By similarity).

10090:Nmrk1
gene id: 10090:Nmrk1
uniprot id: Q91W63
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the uridine kinase family. NRK subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the phosphorylation of nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinic acid riboside (NaR) to form nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinic acid mononucleotide (NaMN).
messages: Monomer.

10090:Prrc2a
gene id: 10090:Prrc2a
uniprot id: Q7TSC1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cfap97d1
gene id: 10090:Cfap97d1
uniprot id: Q9DAN9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CFAP97 family.
messages: Expressed exclusively in testis.
messages: Expression starts at postnatal day 20 and continues throughout adulthood.
messages: Male subfertility. Sperm show an impaired ability to penetrate the zona pellucida and abnormal motility characterized by frequent stalling in the anti-hook position with the flagellum and hook of the sperm head pointing in opposite directions. Sperm flagella lack outer microtubule doublet 4 in 63% of mutants while doublet 7 is missing in 14.8% of mutants. A small number of mutants have multiple doublets missing but these are relatively rare: the 4th and 7th doublets are missing in 1.6% of mutants; the 4th, 5th and 7th doublets are missing in 3.7%; the 4th, 5th and 6th doublets are missing in 1.23%; and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th doublets are missing in 1.23%.
messages: Required for male fertility through its role in axonemal doublet stabilization which is essential for sperm motility and fertilization.

10090:Aldoart1
gene id: 10090:Aldoart1
uniprot id: A6ZI46
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the class I fructose-bisphosphate aldolase family.

10090:Pak2
gene id: 10090:Pak2
uniprot id: Q8CIN4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, enables phosphorylation of Thr-402 and allows the kinase domain to adopt an active structure. Following caspase cleavage, autophosphorylated PAK-2p34 is constitutively active (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During apoptosis proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 or caspase-3-like proteases to yield active PAK-2p34.
messages: Full-length PAK2 is autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21. Following cleavage, both peptides, PAK-2p27 and PAK-2p34, become highly autophosphorylated. Autophosphorylation of PAK-2p27 can occur in the absence of any effectors and is dependent on phosphorylation of Thr-402, because PAK-2p27 is acting as an exogenous substrate (By similarity).
messages: Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1. Interacts with SH3MD4. Interacts with SCRIB. Interacts with ARHGEF7 and GIT1. PAK-2p34 interacts with ARHGAP10. Interacts with RAC1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation (PubMed:11278362). Acts as downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 (By similarity). Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues (By similarity). Full-length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth (By similarity). Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration (By similarity). Phosphorylates JUN and plays an important role in EGF-induced cell proliferation (By similarity). Phosphorylates many other substrates including histone H4 to promote assembly of H3.3 and H4 into nucleosomes, BAD, ribosomal protein S6, or MBP (PubMed:11278362). Phosphorylates CASP7, thereby preventing its activity (By similarity). Additionally, associates with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 to perform kinase-independent functions such as spindle orientation control during mitosis (By similarity). On the other hand, apoptotic stimuli such as DNA damage lead to caspase-mediated cleavage of PAK2, generating PAK-2p34, an active p34 fragment that translocates to the nucleus and promotes cellular apoptosis involving the JNK signaling pathway (By similarity). Caspase-activated PAK2 phosphorylates MKNK1 and reduces cellular translation (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation.
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Gm5662
gene id: 10090:Gm5662
uniprot id: Q8BX20
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the eIF-1A family.
messages: Seems to be required for maximal rate of protein biosynthesis. Enhances ribosome dissociation into subunits and stabilizes the binding of the initiator Met-tRNA(I) to 40 S ribosomal subunits.

10090:Rundc1
gene id: 10090:Rundc1
uniprot id: Q0VDN7
names: Function
messages: May play a role as p53/TP53 inhibitor and thus may have oncogenic activity.

10090:Dbx2
gene id: 10090:Dbx2
uniprot id: F8VQH7
uniprot id: Q8BZD0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nxph3
gene id: 10090:Nxph3
uniprot id: Q544G3
uniprot id: Q91VX5
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the neurexophilin family.
messages: Highest level in brain, present also in lung, kidney and testis.
messages: May be proteolytically processed at the boundary between the N-terminal non-conserved and the central conserved domain in neuron-like cells.
messages: May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides.
messages: May be signaling molecules that resemble neuropeptides. Ligand for alpha-neurexins.
messages: Secreted

10090:Iffo1
gene id: 10090:Iffo1
uniprot id: Q8BXL9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Forms a heterotetramer with XRCC4 (By similarity). The interaction with XRCC4 is direct, involves LIG4-free XRCC4 and leads to relocalization of IFFO1 at the double-strand break (DSB) sites (By similarity). Interacts with LMNA; the interaction forms an interior nucleoskeleton and the recruitment to DNA double-strand breaks (By similarity).
messages: Nuclear matrix protein involved in the immobilization of broken DNA ends and the suppression of chromosome translocation during DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) (PubMed:31548606). Interacts with the nuclear lamina component LMNA, resulting in the formation of a nucleoskeleton that will relocalize to the DSB sites in a XRCC4-dependent manner and promote the immobilization of the broken ends, thereby preventing chromosome translocation (PubMed:31548606). Acts as a scaffold that allows the DNA repair protein XRCC4 and LMNA to assemble into a complex at the DSB sites (PubMed:31548606).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus inner membrane
messages: Nucleus matrix
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Rhox2f
gene id: 10090:Rhox2f
uniprot id: A2ANE0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cdc14b
gene id: 10090:Cdc14b
uniprot id: Q6PFY9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class CDC14 subfamily.
messages: Composed of two structurally equivalent A and B domains that adopt a dual specificity protein phosphatase (DSP) fold.
messages: Dual-specificity phosphatase involved in DNA damage response. Essential regulator of the G2 DNA damage checkpoint: following DNA damage, translocates to the nucleus and dephosphorylates FZR1/CDH1, a key activator of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Dephosphorylates SIRT2 around early anaphase. Dephosphorylation of FZR1/CDH1 activates the APC/C, leading to the ubiquitination of PLK1, preventing entry into mitosis. Preferentially dephosphorylates proteins modified by proline-directed kinases (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with FZR1/CDH1.
messages: nucleolus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Prmt1
gene id: 10090:Prmt1
uniprot id: Q9JIF0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-228 and Lys-233 regulates ubiquitination by the SCF(FBXL17) complex. Acetylated at Lys-233 by p300/EP300. Deacetylated at Lys-228 and Lys-233 by SIRT1.
messages: Arginine methyltransferase that methylates (mono and asymmetric dimethylation) the guanidino nitrogens of arginyl residues present in proteins such as ESR1, histone H2, H3 and H4, ILF3, HNRNPA1, HNRNPD, NFATC2IP, SUPT5H, TAF15, EWS, HABP4, SERBP1, RBM15, FOXO1, CHTOP and MAP3K5/ASK1 (PubMed:15327772, PubMed:19858291). Constitutes the main enzyme that mediates monomethylation and asymmetric dimethylation of histone H4 'Arg-4' (H4R3me1 and H4R3me2a, respectively), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (By similarity). May be involved in the regulation of TAF15 transcriptional activity, act as an activator of estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transactivation, play a key role in neurite outgrowth and act as a negative regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation, by modulating p38 MAPK pathway (By similarity). Methylates RBM15, promoting ubiquitination and degradation of RBM15 (By similarity). Methylates FOXO1 and retains it in the nucleus increasing its transcriptional activity. Methylates CHTOP and this methylation is critical for its 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC)-binding activity (PubMed:19858291). Methylates MAP3K5/ASK1 at 'Arg-85' and 'Arg-87' which promotes association of MAP3K5 with thioredoxin and negatively regulates MAP3K5 association with TRAF2, inhibiting MAP3K5 stimulation and MAP3K5-induced activation of JNK (By similarity). Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1-dependent manner (By similarity). Plays a role in regulating alternative splicing in the heart (PubMed:30321814).
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase family.
messages: Conditional knockout in cardiomyocytes results in dilated cardiomyopathy in juveniles and death within 60 days of birth with aberrant splicing occurring in a number of genes including Ktn1, Lmo7, Mef2a, Tmed2, Snap23, Sorbs1 and Ttn.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the heart where it is detected in both cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer with PRMT8. Homooctamer; individual homodimers associates to form a homooctamer. Individual homodimers can associate to form a homohexamer. Interacts with BTG1, BTG2 and IFNAR1. Interacts with ILF3 and SUPT5H. Interacts with and methylates FOXO1, leading to the nuclear retention of FOXO1 and the stimulation of FOXO1 transcriptional activity. Methylation of FOXO1 is increased upon oxidative stress (By similarity). Interacts with NFATC2IP. Interacts with and methylates CHTOP, thereby enabling the interaction of CHTOP with the 5FMC complex. Interacts with and probably methylates ATXN2L (By similarity). Component of the methylosome, a 20S complex containing at least CLNS1A/pICln, PRMT5/SKB1, WDR77/MEP50, PRMT1 and ERH (By similarity). Interacts with DHX9 (via RGG region) (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with HABP4 (By similarity). Interacts with MAP3K5/ASK1; the interaction results in MAP3K5 methylation by PRMT1 which inhibits MAP3K5 activation (By similarity). Interacts with TRIM48; the interaction results in ubiquitination of PRMT1 by TRIM48, leading to PRMT1 proteasomal degradation and activation of MAP3K5 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Polyubiquitinated at Lys-145 by the SCF(FBXL17) complex, leading to its subsequent degradation (PubMed:28883095). Ubiquitination is regulated by acetylation at Lys-228 and Lys-233 (PubMed:28883095). Polyubiquitinated by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM48, leading to suppression of MAP3K5/ASK1 methylation and subsequent MAP3K5 activation (By similarity).
messages: cytosol
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Krtap19-4
gene id: 10090:Krtap19-4
uniprot id: Q925H7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the KRTAP type 19 family.
messages: Expression in skin and hair follicle is regulated by HOXC13 and by GATA3.
messages: In the hair cortex, hair keratin intermediate filaments are embedded in an interfilamentous matrix, consisting of hair keratin-associated proteins (KRTAP), which are essential for the formation of a rigid and resistant hair shaft through their extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with abundant cysteine residues of hair keratins. The matrix proteins include the high-sulfur and high-glycine-tyrosine keratins.
messages: Interacts with hair keratins.
messages: Strong expression in narrowly defined pattern restricted to the lower and middle cortical regions of the hair shaft in both developing and cycling hair. During hair follicle regression (catagen), expression levels decrease until expression is no longer detectable in follicles at resting stage (telogen).

10090:Olfr516
gene id: 10090:Olfr516
uniprot id: Q8VFZ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Gtpbp1
gene id: 10090:Gtpbp1
uniprot id: O08582
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. GTPBP1 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in some neurons in the brain cortex. Detected in small arteries, dendritic cells and macrophages in the thymus. Detected in lung bronchi, in bronchial epithelial cells and in bronchial smooth muscle cells. Detected in smooth muscle cells in a broad range of organs (at protein level). Expressed in brain, thymus, lung, and kidney.
messages: Interacts with EXOSC2/RRP4, EXOSC3/RRP40, EXOSC5/RRP46, HNRNPD, HNRNPR and SYNCRIP. Identified in a complex with AANAT mRNA, but does not bind mRNA by itself (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice are born at the expected Mendelian ratio, develop normally and are fertile. They exhibit increased stability of some mRNA species.
messages: Promotes degradation of target mRNA species. Plays a role in the regulation of circadian mRNA stability. Binds GTP and has GTPase activity (By similarity).

10090:Rarres2
gene id: 10090:Rarres2
uniprot id: A0A0N4SVV4
uniprot id: Q9DD06
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adipocyte-secreted protein (adipokine) that regulates adipogenesis, metabolism and inflammation through activation of the chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1). Acts also as a ligand for CMKLR2. Can also bind to C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2), but with a lower affinity than it does to CMKLR1 or CMKLR2. Positively regulates adipocyte differentiation, modulates the expression of adipocyte genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism and might play a role in angiogenesis, a process essential for the expansion of white adipose tissue. Also acts as a pro-inflammatory adipokine, causing an increase in secretion of pro-inflammatory and prodiabetic adipokines, which further impair adipose tissue metabolic function and have negative systemic effects including impaired insulin sensitivity, altered glucose and lipid metabolism, and a decrease in vascular function in other tissues. Can have both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties depending on the modality of enzymatic cleavage by different classes of proteases. Acts as a chemotactic factor for leukocyte populations expressing CMKLR1, particularly immature plasmacytoid dendritic cells, but also immature myeloid DCs, macrophages and natural killer cells. Exerts an anti-inflammatory role by preventing TNF/TNFA-induced VCAM1 expression and monocytes adhesion in vascular endothelial cells. The effect is mediated via inhibiting activation of NF-kappa-B and CRK/p38 through stimulation of AKT1/NOS3 signaling and nitric oxide production. Exhibits an antimicrobial function in the skin.
messages: Expressed in the differentiated adipocytes (at protein level). Abundantly expressed in the liver, adipose tissue including visceral, epididymal, and brown adipose tissue.
messages: Secreted
messages: Secreted in an inactive precursor form, prochemerin, which is proteolytically processed by a variety of extracellular proteases to generate forms with differing levels of bioactivity. For example, the removal of six amino acids results in chemerin-156, which exhibits the highest activity, while removal of seven amino acids results in chemerin-155 which has slightly less activity. Some proteases are able to cleave at more than one site and chemerin forms may be sequentially processed by different enzymes to modulate activity levels. The coordinated expression and activity of chemerin-modifying enzymes is essential for regulating its bioactivation, inactivation and, consequently, biological function. Cathepsin G cleaves seven C-terminal amino acids from prochemerin (chemerin-155), elastase is able to cleave six (chemerin-156), eight (chemerin-154) or eleven (chemerin-151), plasmin cleaves five amino acids (chemerin-157), and tryptase cleaves five (chemerin-157) or eight (chemerin-154). Multiple cleavages might be required to fully activate chemerin, with an initial tryptase cleavage resulting in chemerin with low activity (chemerin-157), and a second cleavage by carboxypeptidase N or B producing highly active chemerin (chemerin-156) (By similarity).
messages: Strongly induced during adipocyte differentiation.

10090:Slc38a9
gene id: 10090:Slc38a9
uniprot id: Q8BGD6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Amino acid transport activity is increased by sodium. Transport of L-glutamine, leucine and tyrosine is increased by arginine binding.
messages: Associated component of the Ragulator complex (composed of LAMTOR1, LAMTOR2, LAMTOR3, LAMTOR4 and LAMTOR5). Associated component of the Rag GTPases heterodimers (composed of RRAGA, RRAGB, RRAGC and RRAGD); this interaction is independent of the Ragulator complex but depends on the nucleotide loading state of the Rag GTPase heterodimer. Interacts with TM4SF5. Interacts with NPC1; this interaction inhibits cholesterol-mediated mTORC1 activation via its sterol transport activity.
messages: Belongs to the amino acid/polyamine transporter 2 family. SLC38A9 subfamily.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Late endosome membrane
messages: Lysosomal amino acid transporter involved in the activation of mTORC1 in response to amino acid levels. Probably acts as an amino acid sensor of the Rag GTPases and Ragulator complexes, 2 complexes involved in amino acid sensing and activation of mTORC1, a signaling complex promoting cell growth in response to growth factors, energy levels, and amino acids. Following activation by amino acids, the Ragulator and Rag GTPases function as a scaffold recruiting mTORC1 to lysosomes where it is in turn activated. SLC38A9 mediates transport of amino acids with low capacity and specificity with a slight preference for polar amino acids. Acts as an arginine sensor. Following activation by arginine binding, mediates transport of L-glutamine, leucine and tyrosine with high efficiency, and is required for the efficient utilization of these amino acids after lysosomal protein degradation. The transport is most active at acidic pH. Can disassemble the lysosomal folliculin complex (LFC), and thereby triggers GAP activity of FLCN:FNIP2 toward RRAGC. Acts as an cholesterol sensor that conveys increases in lysosomal cholesterol, leading to lysosomal recruitment and activation of mTORC1 via the Rag GTPases. Guanine exchange factor (GEF) that, upon arginine binding, stimulates GDP release from RRAGA and therefore activates the Rag GTPase heterodimer and the mTORC1 pathway in response to nutrient sufficiency.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: The cytosolic N-terminus part of the protein mediates interaction with the Ragulator complex. The cytosolic N-terminus part of the protein destabilizes the LFC and thereby triggers GAP activity of FLCN:FNIP2 toward RRAGC. The cytosolic N-terminus part of the protein mediates interaction with the Rag GTPase heterodimer in a RRAGA GDP-loaded state dependent and upon arginine binding, leading to the GDP release and SLC38A9 dissociation from the activated Rag GTPase heterodimer (By similarity). The cytosolic N-terminus part of the protein exists at least in two distinct conformations; The first is when the N-terminus is bound snugly in the arginine binding site (in the absence of arginine, low luminal arginine state) and the second is where the N-terminus is released and the substrate-binding site is occupied by arginine (in the presence of arginine, high luminal arginine state) (By similarity).

10090:Tcte1
gene id: 10090:Tcte1
uniprot id: A6H639
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DRC5 family.
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) Interacts with FBXL13/DRC6, DRC3 and DRC7 (PubMed:28630322, PubMed:31961863).
messages: Component of the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC) a key regulator of ciliary/flagellar motility which maintains the alignment and integrity of the distal axoneme and regulates microtubule sliding in motile axonemes. May play a role in the assembly of N-DRC (By similarity). Required for sperm motility (PubMed:28630322).
messages: Male mice are sterile due to asthenozoospermia (sperm with diminished progressive motility) and the diminished motility is due to aberrant flagellar function, with sperm tails contracting toward one side and generating a circular path for sperm.
messages: Testis-specific (at protein level).
messages: flagellum
messages: flagellum axoneme

10090:Prn
gene id: 10090:Prn
uniprot id: A0A075B668
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the prion family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ogfr
gene id: 10090:Ogfr
uniprot id: Q99PG2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the opioid growth factor receptor family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in all tissues examined, including brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney and skeletal muscle.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Receptor for opioid growth factor (OGF), also known as Met-enkephalin. Seems to be involved in growth regulation (By similarity).

10090:Lhfpl4
gene id: 10090:Lhfpl4
uniprot id: Q5U4E0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LHFP family.
messages: Contradictory results have been described and may be due to differences in the methods used for gene disruption (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). No visible phenotype, mice are viable and fertile until adulthood (PubMed:28978485). However cultured hippocampal neurons from deficient mice shown a dramatic decrease in both amplitude and frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSC) (PubMed:28978485). In contrast, deficient mice exhibit profound impairment of inhibitory synapse formation, prominent motor behavioral deficits and premature death (PubMed:29742426).
messages: Highly expressed in the brain, including the cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, olfactory bulb pona plus medulla (at protein level) (PubMed:26964900, PubMed:28279354, PubMed:29742426). Expressed in the in the cerebellar granular layer and in granular layer. Colocalized with GPHN at inhibitory synapses (PubMed:29742426). Weakly expressed in heart, testis, lung, intestine, vagina, ovary and uterus (PubMed:26964900).
messages: Interacts with GABA(A) receptor subunits (PubMed:28279354, PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). Interacts with GABRB3 (PubMed:28978485). Interacts with GABRA2 (PubMed:28978485). Interacts with GABRG2 (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:29742426). Interacts with GABRA1 (PubMed:29742426). Identified in a complex of 720 kDa composed of LHFPL4, NLGN2, GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRG2 and GABRB3 (By similarity). Interacts with NLGN2; leading to mutual regulation of protein level and synaptic clustering (PubMed:29742426, PubMed:28978485).
messages: Plays a role in the regulation of inhibitory synapse formation and function by being involved in maintening gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAARs) clustering and their associated scaffold proteins at inhibitory synaptic sites (PubMed:28978485, PubMed:28279354, PubMed:29742426). Acts in concert with NLGN2 to recruit or stabilize GABAARs (PubMed:29742426).
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: dendrite

10090:Pla2g4d
gene id: 10090:Pla2g4d
uniprot id: Q50L43
names: Activity Regulation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that selectively hydrolyzes glycerophospholipids in the sn-2 position (PubMed:15866882). Compared to its human ortholog, may have no preference for the fatty acid found at the sn-2 position (PubMed:15866882).
messages: Membrane
messages: Stimulated by cytosolic Ca(2+).
messages: The N-terminal C2 domain mediates the association with lipid membranes upon calcium binding. An additional second C2 domain may stand in between the C2 domain and the PLA2c domain.
messages: Weakly or not expressed in most tissues. Detected in placenta of 17.5 dpc embryos.
messages: cytosol

10090:Triap1
gene id: 10090:Triap1
uniprot id: Q9D8Z2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRIAP1/MDM35 family.
messages: Involved in the modulation of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by ensuring the accumulation of cardiolipin (CL) in mitochondrial membranes. In vitro, the TRIAP1:PRELID1 complex mediates the transfer of phosphatidic acid (PA) between liposomes and probably functions as a PA transporter across the mitochondrion intermembrane space to provide PA for CL synthesis in the inner membrane. Likewise, the TRIAP1:PRELID3A complex mediates the transfer of phosphatidic acid (PA) between liposomes (in vitro) and probably functions as a PA transporter across the mitochondrion intermembrane space (in vivo). Mediates cell survival by inhibiting activation of caspase-9 which prevents induction of apoptosis.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: Monomer. Interacts with APAF1 and HSP70. Forms a complex with PRELID1 in the mitochondrion intermembrane space. Interacts with PRELID3A.

10090:Cadps
gene id: 10090:Cadps
uniprot id: Q80TJ1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Calcium-binding protein involved in exocytosis of vesicles filled with neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Probably acts upstream of fusion in the biogenesis or maintenance of mature secretory vesicles. Regulates catecholamine loading of DCVs. May specifically mediate the Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (DCVs) and other dense-core vesicles by acting as a PtdIns(4,5)P2-binding protein that acts at prefusion step following ATP-dependent priming and participates in DCVs-membrane fusion. However, it may also participate in small clear synaptic vesicles (SVs) exocytosis and it is unclear whether its function is related to Ca(2+) triggering (By similarity).
messages: During brain development, its expression is similar to that of synaptic markers. Expression is first detectable late in embryogenesis (14 dpc) and increases to reach a plateau about 20 days after birth, when most synapses have been formed (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with the dopamine receptor DRD2 (By similarity). Interacts with RASL10B.
messages: In the heart, up-regulated by hypertrophic stimuli.
messages: Mice die within 30 minutes after birth but do not display obvious developmental or biochemical abnormalities. They show a strong reduction in the frequency of amperometrically detectable release events of transmitter-filled vesicles, while the total number of fusing vesicles, as judged by capacitance recordings or total internal reflection microscopy, remains unchanged.
messages: Present in brain and adrenal glands (at protein level). Specifically expressed in neural and endocrine secretory tissues. Strongly expressed in almost all nerve cells of the brain, although it is absent from glial cells. Expressed in the cardiac atria, but not ventricles.
messages: Synapse
messages: The PH domain is essential for regulated exocytosis and binds phospholipids and plasma membrane. It however does not mediate binding to DCVs (By similarity).
messages: The sequence differs from that shown due to a duplication of 90 bp after position 107.
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle membrane

10090:Adgrf1
gene id: 10090:Adgrf1
uniprot id: Q8VEC3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in liver, kidney and adrenal gland. In kidney strong expression in the renal pelvis and the ureter.
messages: Glycosylated.
messages: Mice lacking Adgrf1 show no visible phenotype.
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Cdkal1
gene id: 10090:Cdkal1
uniprot id: Q91WE6
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the methylthiotransferase family. CDKAL1 subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 [4Fe-4S] clusters. One cluster is coordinated with 3 cysteines and an exchangeable S-adenosyl-L-methionine.
messages: Catalyzes the methylthiolation of N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (t(6)A), leading to the formation of 2-methylthio-N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine (ms(2)t(6)A) at position 37 in tRNAs that read codons beginning with adenine.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in pancreas, liver and skeletal muscle, especially in white muscle fibers.

10090:Tac2
gene id: 10090:Tac2
uniprot id: P55099
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tachykinin family.
messages: Secreted
messages: Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles. Is a critical central regulator of gonadal function (By similarity).

10090:Tmem175
gene id: 10090:Tmem175
uniprot id: Q8BM80
uniprot id: Q9CXY1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Active at low pH (under pH 4.6): proton channel activity is activated by luminal side protons (By similarity). Polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid, also activate the channel activity (By similarity). Channel activity is activated following interaction with AKT (AKT1, AKT2 or AKT3): interaction promotes activation from closed to an open state (PubMed:33505021). Activation by AKT is independent of AKT serine/threonine-protein kinase activity (PubMed:33505021).
messages: Belongs to the TMEM175 family.
messages: Composed of two modules of six transmembranes, forming a homodimer with a tetrameric architecture. The six transmembrane regions of each module are tightly packed within each subunit without undergoing domain swapping. Forms a central ion-conduction pore lined by the side chains of the pore-lining helices. Conserved isoleucine residues (Ile-43 in the first module and Ile-268 in the second module) in the center of the pore serve as the gate in the closed conformation. In the widened channel in the open conformation, the same residues establish a constriction essential for potassium selectivity.
messages: Endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with AKT (AKT1, AKT2 or AKT3); leading to formation of the lysoK(GF) complex, which activates the channel (PubMed:33505021).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice display accelerated loss of dopaminergic neurons and impaired motor skills (PubMed:33505021). Knockout neurons show increased damage in response to insults and an accumulation of alpha-synuclein (PubMed:33505021, PubMed:35750034). The accumulation of alpha-synuclein leads to increased damage to the integrity of lysosomal membranes (PubMed:33505021, PubMed:35750034).
messages: Proton-activated proton channel that catalyzes proton efflux from endosomes and lysosomes to maintain a steady-state pH (PubMed:35750034). Activated at low pH (under pH 4.6) by luminal side protons: selectively mediates lysosomal proton release from lysosomes, eliciting a proton leak that balances V-ATPase activity to maintain pH homeostasis (By similarity). Regulation of lumenal pH stability is required for autophagosome-lysosome fusion (PubMed:26317472). May also act as a potassium channel at higher pH, regulating potassium conductance in endosomes and lysosomes (PubMed:26317472, PubMed:33505021). The potassium channel activity is however unclear as it was tested in non-physiological conditions for a lysosomal channel (By similarity). Constitutes the pore-forming subunit of the lysoK(GF) complex, a complex activated by extracellular growth factors (PubMed:33505021). The lysoK(GF) complex is composed of TMEM175 and AKT (AKT1, AKT2 or AKT3), a major target of growth factor receptors: in the complex, TMEM175 channel is opened by conformational changes by AKT, leading to its activation (PubMed:33505021). The lysoK(GF) complex is required to protect neurons against stress-induced damage (PubMed:33505021).

10090:Colgalt1
gene id: 10090:Colgalt1
uniprot id: Q8K297
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 25 family.
messages: Beta-galactosyltransferase that transfers beta-galactose to hydroxylysine residues of type I collagen. By acting on collagen glycosylation, facilitates the formation of collagen triple helix. Also involved in the biosynthesis of collagen type IV.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Serpina3b
gene id: 10090:Serpina3b
uniprot id: Q05A44
uniprot id: Q8BYY9
names: Domain
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Secreted
messages: The reactive center loop (RCL) extends out from the body of the protein and directs binding to the target protease. The protease cleaves the serpin at the reactive site within the RCL, establishing a covalent linkage between the serpin reactive site and the protease. The resulting inactive serpin-protease complex is highly stable (By similarity). Variability within the reactive center loop (RCL) sequences of Serpina3 paralogs may determine target protease specificity.
messages: The single human alpha1-antichymotrypsin gene (SERPINA3) is represented by a cluster of 14 individual murine paralogs.

10090:Chrnb1
gene id: 10090:Chrnb1
uniprot id: P09690
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
messages: Belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.9) family. Acetylcholine receptor (TC 1.A.9.1) subfamily. Beta-1/CHRNB1 sub-subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Pentamer of two alpha chains, and one each of the beta, delta, and gamma (in immature muscle) or epsilon (in mature muscle) chains. The muscle heteropentamer composed of alpha-1, beta-1, delta, epsilon subunits interacts with the alpha-conotoxin ImII.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane

10090:Ints12
gene id: 10090:Ints12
uniprot id: Q9D168
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Integrator subunit 12 family.
messages: Belongs to the multiprotein complex Integrator, at least composed of INTS1, INTS2, INTS3, INTS4, INTS5, INTS6, INTS7, INTS8, INTS9/RC74, INTS10, INTS11/CPSF3L and INTS12.
messages: Component of the Integrator complex, a complex involved in the small nuclear RNAs (snRNA) U1 and U2 transcription and in their 3'-box-dependent processing. The Integrator complex is associated with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II largest subunit (POLR2A) and is recruited to the U1 and U2 snRNAs genes. Mediates recruitment of cytoplasmic dynein to the nuclear envelope, probably as component of the INT complex.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Grasp
gene id: 10090:Grasp
uniprot id: Q9JJA9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Heteromer. Composed of TAMALIN, CYTH2 and at least one GRM1. Also interacts with GRM2, GRM3 and GRM5 (By similarity). Interacts with CYTH3 (PubMed:10828067).
messages: Highly expressed in brain, heart and lung, and to a lower extent in embryo, kidney and ovary.
messages: Plays a role in intracellular trafficking and contributes to the macromolecular organization of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) at synapses.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Tas2r129
gene id: 10090:Tas2r129
uniprot id: Q7M709
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Putative taste receptor which may play a role in the perception of bitterness.
messages: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single taste receptor cell.

10090:Trarg1
gene id: 10090:Trarg1
uniprot id: Q8C838
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CD225/Dispanin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed specifically in white and brown adipose tissues.
messages: Interacts with SLC2A4; the interaction is required for proper SLC2A4 reacycling after insulin stimulation.
messages: Mutant adipocytes show reduced glucose uptake in response to an insulin stimulus (PubMed:26629404). Knockout animals placed on high-fat diet along with wild-type littermates exhibit an increased weight gain, significant elevated blood insulin and glucose levelswith insulin resistance (PubMed:26629404).
messages: Regulates insulin-mediated adipose tissue glucose uptake and transport by modulation of SLC2A4 recycling. Not required for SLC2A4 membrane fusion upon an initial stimulus, but rather is necessary for proper protein recycling during prolonged insulin stimulation.
messages: Target gene of PPARG, expression is induced upon PPARG activation (PubMed:26629404, PubMed:26240143). Expression is inhibited by TNF (PubMed:26240143).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Hsf5
gene id: 10090:Hsf5
uniprot id: Q5ND04
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HSF family.
messages: Expressed in adult but not fetal testis. Not expressed in ovary.
messages: May act as a transcriptional factor.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Spire1
gene id: 10090:Spire1
uniprot id: A0A5H1ZRL1
uniprot id: D3YTL8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the spire family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Ado
gene id: 10090:Ado
uniprot id: Q6PDY2
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Monomer.
messages: Plays a vital role in regulating thiol metabolism and preserving oxygen homeostasis by oxidizing the sulfur of cysteamine and N-terminal cysteine-containing proteins to their corresponding sulfinic acids using O2 as a cosubstrate (PubMed:17581819, PubMed:32601061). Catalyzes the oxidation of cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol) to hypotaurine (PubMed:17581819, PubMed:32601061). Catalyzes the oxidation of the regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) (PubMed:32601061). Also oxidizes proteins RGS4 and interleukin-32 (IL32) (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitous, with highest expression in brain, heart and skeletal muscle (at protein level).

10090:Bod1
gene id: 10090:Bod1
uniprot id: Q5SQY2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the BOD1 family.
messages: Component of the SET1B complex composed of the catalytic subunit SETD1B, WDR5, WDR82, RBBP5, ASH2L/ASH2, CXXC1/CFP1, HCFC1, DPY30 homotrimer and BOD1.
messages: Required for proper chromosome biorientation through the detection or correction of syntelic attachments in mitotic spindles.
messages: centrosome
messages: kinetochore

10090:Krt1
gene id: 10090:Krt1
uniprot id: P04104
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Defects in Krt1 are a cause of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK); also known as bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (BIE). EHK is a hereditary skin disorder characterized by intraepidermal blistering, a marked thickening of the stratum corneum, pigmentation of the skin and erosions at sites of trauma which are all present from birth.
messages: Expressed in the infundibular regions of the ear, the interfollicular epidermis of the back, in the interscale regions containing hair follicles in the tail, and in the soles of the footpads (at protein level).
messages: Expressed in the skin at birth.
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins (PubMed:24940650, PubMed:11408584). Heterodimer with KRT10 (PubMed:24940650). Two heterodimers of KRT1 and KRT10 form a heterotetramer (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with KRT14; the interaction is more abundant in the absence of KRT5 (PubMed:11408584). Interacts with PLEC isoform 1C, when in a heterodimer with KRT10 (PubMed:24940650). Interacts with ITGB1 in the presence of RACK1 and SRC, and with RACK1 (By similarity). Interacts with C1QBP; the association represents a cell surface kininogen receptor (By similarity). Interacts with EPPK1; interaction is dependent of higher-order structure of intermediate filament (By similarity).
messages: May regulate the activity of kinases such as PKC and SRC via binding to integrin beta-1 (ITB1) and the receptor of activated protein C kinase 1 (RACK1). In complex with C1QBP is a high affinity receptor for kininogen-1/HMWK (By similarity).
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin: I (acidic; 40-55 kDa) and II (neutral to basic; 56-70 kDa).
messages: Undergoes deimination of some arginine residues (citrullination).

10090:Tnnt1
gene id: 10090:Tnnt1
uniprot id: O88346
uniprot id: Q3TVB8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the troponin T family.
messages: Expressed in adult soleus muscle.
messages: In masseter expression decreases during development and becomes undetectable 3 weeks after birth.
messages: Major.
messages: Minor.
messages: Troponin T is the tropomyosin-binding subunit of troponin, the thin filament regulatory complex which confers calcium-sensitivity to striated muscle actomyosin ATPase activity.

10090:Kctd7
gene id: 10090:Kctd7
uniprot id: Q8BJK1
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: High expression in brain, particularly in post-mitotic neurons. Expressed in the mitral cells of the olfactory bulbs, the hippocampus, the deep layers of the cerebral cortex and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. Not detected in astrocytes or microglial cells. Also expressed in heart, liver, spleen and kidney.
messages: Interacts with CUL3.
messages: May be involved in the control of excitability of cortical neurons.
messages: cytosol

10090:Fgfr4
gene id: 10090:Fgfr4
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY3
uniprot id: Q03142
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Autophosphorylated. Binding of FGF family members together with heparan sulfate proteoglycan or heparin promotes receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. Autophosphorylation occurs in trans between the two FGFR molecules present in the dimer. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are phosphorylated on tyrosine residues (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family. Fibroblast growth factor receptor subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in the developing gut endoderm, in myotomally derived skeletal muscle, the adrenal cortex, kidney and condensing cartilage.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in lung and proliferating myoblasts and myotubes of primary myogenic cells (at protein level). Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are expressed in liver, muscle, spleen, heart, lung, kidney and in primary myogenic cells.
messages: Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are up-regulated by estradiol during myogenic differentiation and down-regulated in fully developed myotubes.
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer. Homodimer after ligand binding. Interacts with FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, FGF6, FGF8, FGF9, FGF16, FGF17, FGF18, FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23 (in vitro). Binding affinity for FGF family members is enhanced by interactions between FGFs and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Interacts with KLB; this strongly increases the affinity for FGF19 and FGF23. Affinity for FGF19 is strongly increased by KLB and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. KLB and KL both interact with the core-glycosylated FGFR4 in the endoplasmic reticulum and promote its degradation, so that only FGFR4 with fully mature N-glycans is expressed at the cell surface. Identified in a complex with NCAM1, CDH2, PLCG1, FRS2, SRC, SHC1, GAP43 and CTTN. Interacts with MMP14 and HIP1. Interacts with STAT3 (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are glycosylated. Full maturation of the glycan chains in the Golgi is essential for high affinity interaction with FGF19 (By similarity).
messages: No visible phenotype. Mice display an elevated bile acid pool and elevated excretion of bile acids, due to loss of normal regulation of CYP7A1, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis. When on a normal diet, mice are prone to develop increased levels of white adipose tissue, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Mice lacking both FGFR3 and FGFR4 display pronounced dwarfism, and while their lungs appear normal at birth, they are completely blocked in alveogenesis and do not form secondary septae to delimit alveoli. These mice also show elevated serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and reduced serum phosphorus levels.
messages: Present in an inactive conformation in the absence of bound ligand. Ligand binding leads to dimerization and activation by autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues (By similarity).
messages: Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for fibroblast growth factors and plays a role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, and in regulation of lipid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, glucose uptake, vitamin D metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. Required for normal down-regulation of the expression of CYP7A1, the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis, in response to FGF19. Phosphorylates PLCG1 and FRS2. Ligand binding leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation of FRS2 triggers recruitment of GRB2, GAB1, PIK3R1 and SOS1, and mediates activation of RAS, MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Promotes SRC-dependent phosphorylation of the matrix protease MMP14 and its lysosomal degradation. FGFR4 signaling is down-regulated by receptor internalization and degradation; MMP14 promotes internalization and degradation of FGFR4. Plays a role in postnatal lung development. May be involved in the development of skeletal muscle cell lineages.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Subject to proteasomal degradation when not fully glycosylated (By similarity).

10090:S100a6
gene id: 10090:S100a6
uniprot id: P14069
uniprot id: Q545I9
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the S-100 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer; head to tail assembly of 2 subunits. Interacts with CACYBP in a calcium-dependent manner. Interacts with ANXA2 and ANXA11 (via N-terminus). Interacts with SUGT1. Interacts with TP53; has higher affinity for TP53 that is phosphorylated on its N-terminal domain, and lower affinity for TP53 that is phosphorylated on its C-terminal domain. Interacts with tropomyosin. Interacts with FKBP4. Interacts with PPP5C (via TPR repeats); the interaction is calcium-dependent and modulates PPP5C activity. Interacts with TPPP; this interaction inhibits TPPP dimerization (By similarity).
messages: May function as calcium sensor and modulator, contributing to cellular calcium signaling. May function by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and indirectly play a role in many physiological processes such as the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and in cell motility. Binds 2 calcium ions. Calcium binding is cooperative (By similarity).
messages: May function as calcium sensor and modulator, contributing to cellular calcium signaling. May function by interacting with other proteins, such as TPR-containing proteins, and indirectly play a role in many physiological processes such as the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and in cell motility. Binds 2 calcium ions. Calcium binding is cooperative.
messages: Nucleus envelope

10090:Oog2
gene id: 10090:Oog2
uniprot id: Q7TPX8
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the PRAME family.
messages: Expressed in ovary, specifically in oocytes. Detected in follicles with two layers of granulosa cells, and are present in early as well as large antral follicles.

10090:Abhd16a
gene id: 10090:Abhd16a
uniprot id: Q9Z1Q2
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. ABHD16 family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice were born at a much lower frequency than expected and are smaller than wild-type mice throughout development and life (PubMed:25580854). Despite their smaller size, mice appear normal (PubMed:25580854). Metabolomic characterization of brain tissue show decreased lysophosphatidylserines (PubMed:25580854).
messages: Phosphatidylserine (PS) lipase that mediates the hydrolysis of phosphatidylserine to generate lysophosphatidylserine (LPS) (PubMed:25580854). LPS constitutes a class of signaling lipids that regulates immunological and neurological processes (PubMed:25580854). Has no activity towards diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol or lysophosphatidylserine lipase (By similarity). Also has monoacylglycerol lipase activity, with preference for 1-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycerol (1-LG) and 2-glyceryl-15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ(2)-G) (PubMed:25290914).
messages: Specifically inhibited by alpha-alkylidene-beta-lactone KC01 ((Z)-6-(2-Oxo-4-tridecyloxetan-3-ylidene)hexanamide).

10090:Fam83e
gene id: 10090:Fam83e
uniprot id: Q80XS7
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the FAM83 family.
messages: May interact with RAF1.
messages: May play a role in MAPK signaling.
messages: Probable cloning artifact.

10090:Atp2b3
gene id: 10090:Atp2b3
uniprot id: A2ALL9
uniprot id: Q0VF55
uniprot id: Q8C048
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cation transport ATPase (P-type) (TC 3.A.3) family. Type IIB subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the transport of calcium.
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Membrane

10090:Rasgrp4
gene id: 10090:Rasgrp4
uniprot id: Q8BTM9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RASGRP family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Due to an intron retention.
messages: Expressed at all stages in the development of mast cells.
messages: Expressed by mast cells and their progenitors (at protein level).
messages: Functions as a cation- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-regulated nucleotide exchange factor activating Ras through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. May function in mast cells differentiation.
messages: Minor isoform which is not activated by DAG and probably not functional. Preferentially expressed in the C3H/HeJ strain. May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.
messages: The phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger mediates the binding and the functional activation by DAG.

10090:Tbx18
gene id: 10090:Tbx18
uniprot id: G3X919
uniprot id: Q8C003
uniprot id: Q9EPZ6
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as transcriptional repressor involved in developmental processes of a variety of tissues and organs, including the heart, the coronary vessels, the ureter, and the vertebral column. Required for embryonic development of the sino atrial node (SAN) head area.
messages: Deficient mice fail to maintain anterior-posterior polarity, resulting in abnormal dorsal-ventral polarity of the somites. Mutant mice display neonatal lethality and abnormal morphology of vertebrae, ribs, spinal nerves and coronary vessels. Besides, mutant mice develop anomalies of the urinary tract, including hydroureter and hydronephrosis.
messages: Expressed in the renal pelvis and ureter smooth muscle layer at 17.5 dpc (at protein level) (PubMed:26235987). During development expression is most prominent in the proepicardial organ and in the epicardium. Expressed also in the cranial paraxial mesoderm, the presomitic mesoderm, the anterior somite half, the genital ridge and the developing limb buds (PubMed:11118889).
messages: Homodimer. Can form a heterodimer with TBX15. Interacts with GATA4 and NKX2-5. Interacts (via engrailed homology 1 repressor motif) with TLE3; this interaction represses TBX18 transcriptional activity. Interacts with PAX3. Interacts with SIX1 (By similarity).
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nlrp14
gene id: 10090:Nlrp14
uniprot id: Q6B966
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NLRP family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in adult ovary and testis. Detected in oocytes and in germ cell elements in seminiferous tubules in adult testis (at protein level).
messages: May be involved in inflammation and spermatogenesis.
messages: Not detected in ovaries from neonates. First detected in ovaries three days after birth, and expression in ovaries increases dramatically to reach a much higher level eight days after birth.

10090:Acsl5
gene id: 10090:Acsl5
uniprot id: Q3UC67
uniprot id: Q8JZR0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoAs for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation (By similarity). ACSL5 may activate fatty acids from exogenous sources for the synthesis of triacylglycerol destined for intracellular storage (By similarity). It was suggested that it may also stimulate fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). At the villus tip of the crypt-villus axis of the small intestine may sensitize epithelial cells to apoptosis specifically triggered by the death ligand TRAIL (By similarity). May have a role in the survival of glioma cells (By similarity). Utilizes a wide range of saturated fatty acids with a preference for C16-C18 unsaturated fatty acids (By similarity).
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of long-chain fatty acids to their active form acyl-CoAs for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Cab39l
gene id: 10090:Cab39l
uniprot id: Q9DB16
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mo25 family.
messages: Component of a complex that binds and activates STK11/LKB1. In the complex, required to stabilize the interaction between CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta) and STK11/LKB1 (By similarity).
messages: Component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity.

10090:Lrrc24
gene id: 10090:Lrrc24
uniprot id: Q8BHA1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Shc2
gene id: 10090:Shc2
uniprot id: Q8BMC3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in brain. Expressed at high level in the hypothalamus and at low level in the caudate nucleus.
messages: Interacts with the Trk receptors in a phosphotyrosine-dependent manner and MEGF12. Once activated, binds to GRB2 (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine by the Trk receptors.
messages: Signaling adapter that couples activated growth factor receptors to signaling pathway in neurons. Involved in the signal transduction pathways of neurotrophin-activated Trk receptors in cortical neurons.
messages: The PID domain mediates binding to the TrkA receptor.

10090:Vps13b
gene id: 10090:Vps13b
uniprot id: Q80TY5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VPS13 family.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Interacts with STX6 (PubMed:30962439). Interacts with STX12 (via N-terminus) (PubMed:30962439). Interacts with RAB6A isoform 1 (GTP-bound) and isoform 2 (GTP-bound) (By similarity). Interacts with RAB6B (GTP-bound) (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Mediates the transfer of lipids between membranes at organelle contact sites (By similarity). Binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PubMed:30962439). Functions as a tethering factor in the slow endocytic recycling pathway, to assist traffic between early and recycling endosomes (By similarity). Involved in the transport of proacrosomal vesicles to the nuclear dense lamina (NDL) during spermatid development (PubMed:31218450). Plays a role in the assembly of the Golgi apparatus, possibly by mediating trafficking to the Golgi membrane (By similarity). Plays a role in the development of the nervous system, and may be required for neuron projection development (PubMed:31495077). May also play a role during adipose tissue development (By similarity). Required for maintenance of the ocular lens (PubMed:32915983). Required for proper organization of the Golgi (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues.
messages: acrosome membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane
messages: trans-Golgi network membrane

10090:Olfr314
gene id: 10090:Olfr314
uniprot id: Q7TRZ7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ppip5k1
gene id: 10090:Ppip5k1
uniprot id: A2ARP1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family. VIP1 subfamily.
messages: Bifunctional inositol kinase that acts in concert with the IP6K kinases IP6K1, IP6K2 and IP6K3 to synthesize the diphosphate group-containing inositol pyrophosphates diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate, PP-InsP5, and bis-diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate, (PP)2-InsP4. PP-InsP5 and (PP)2-InsP4, also respectively called InsP7 and InsP8, regulate a variety of cellular processes, including apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, cytoskeletal dynamics, exocytosis, insulin signaling and neutrophil activation. Phosphorylates inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6) at position 1 to produce PP-InsP5 which is in turn phosphorylated by IP6Ks to produce (PP)2-InsP4. Alternatively, phosphorylates PP-InsP5 at position 1, produced by IP6Ks from InsP6, to produce (PP)2-InsP4. Activated when cells are exposed to hyperosmotic stress.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Intron retention.
messages: The C-terminal acid phosphatase-like domain binds PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and InsP6. Despite its similarity with the phosphatase domain of histidine acid phosphatases, it has no phosphatase activity.
messages: cytosol

10090:Syt17
gene id: 10090:Syt17
uniprot id: Q920M7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Membrane
messages: Plays a role in dendrite formation by melanocytes.

10090:Eqtn
gene id: 10090:Eqtn
uniprot id: Q9D9V2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acrosomal membrane-anchored protein involved in the process of fertilization and in acrosome biogenesis.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly N- and O-glycosylated; contains sialic acid. MN9 epitope is O-glycosylated.
messages: Interacts with SNAP25.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Sperm specific, including germ cells (at protein level).
messages: acrosome inner membrane
messages: acrosome membrane
messages: acrosome outer membrane

10090:Sorcs2
gene id: 10090:Sorcs2
uniprot id: Q8BI61
uniprot id: Q9EPR5
names: Caution
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the VPS10-related sortilin family. SORCS subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell projection
messages: Cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
messages: Detected in Purkinje cells and pyramidal neurons in brain cortex, cerebellum, dentate gyrus, striatum and hippocampus, and in glia cells in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814, PubMed:28469074, PubMed:30840898). Not detected in neurons from the dorsal root ganglia (PubMed:24908487). Detected in hair cells and supporting cells in the organ of Corti, utricuar maculae and cristae (at protein level) (PubMed:28346477). Detected in brain, lung and testis (PubMed:11165493). Detected in the inner ear in neonates (PubMed:28346477).
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Expression is highest in developing brain. Transiently expressed in all 3 germ layers (PubMed:11165493). Detected in midbrain, spinal cord, heart and lung at 15.5 dpc (PubMed:24908487). Coexpressed with NGFR in neurons in the ventral part of the hippocampus CA1 region at 23 and 30 days after birth. The number of neurons that coexpress SORCS2 and NGFR is increased 30 days after birth. SORCS2 and NGFR are no longer coexpressed in hippocampus neurons in 60 day old adults (PubMed:29909994).
messages: Gene disruption gives rise to contradictory results (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814, PubMed:28469074, PubMed:28346477, PubMed:30840898). The majority of studies report normal body weight, normal startle responses to noise and relatively minor behavorial defects (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814, PubMed:28469074, PubMed:30840898). Another publication finds that gene disruption gives rise to mice with strongly reduced body weight and profound deafness. Gene disruption was due to random insertion of a Cre construct under the control of the TEK promoter. Analysis of the genomic DNA showed that in 21 cases the Cre construct had inserted in an Ig kappa locus, and in 13 cases the construct had inserted into the first intron of the SORCS2 gene, leading to strongly reduced SORCS2 expression (PubMed:28346477). The reasons for these discrepancies are not clear, but may be due to the way the experiments were done. The fact that an identical phenotype was found when the Cre construct under the control of the TEK promoter had inserted in an Ig kappa locus suggests that there are additional, unidentified causes that play a role in the observed defects.
messages: Homodimer (in vitro) (PubMed:30061605). Heterodimer with NGFR (PubMed:22155786, PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814). The extracellular domains of the heterodimer bind the precursor form of NGF (proNGF) (PubMed:22155786). Can also bind mature NGF and BDNF. Each chain in the receptor dimer interacts (via extracellular domain) with an NGF dimer (in vitro) (PubMed:30061605). Interacts with the precursor forms of BDNF (proBDNF) and NTF3 (proNT3) (By similarity). The cytoplasmic region of the heterodimer formed by NGFR and SORCS2 binds TRIO. ProNGF binding mediates dissociation of TRIO from the receptor complex (By similarity). Interacts with SLC1A1 (PubMed:30840898). Interacts with VPS35. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with NTRK2 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:27457814). Interacts with VPS35. Interacts (via extracellular domain) with GRIN2A (PubMed:28469074).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mice are viable and fertile and display no obvious phenotype, but their neurons do not display growth cone collapse in response to proBDNF (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:29909994). Cultured neurons from mutant mice display longer neurites than wild-type neurons, and the frontal cortex of 12 week old mice is hyperinnervated with fibers from tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons (PubMed:24908487, PubMed:29909994). Mutant mice display mildly increased spontaneous locomotor activity; contrary to wild-type, treatment with amphetamine decreases their locomotor activity. After sciatic nerve injury, 2 day old and adult mice show discreased Schwann cell apoptosis distal to the lesion (PubMed:24908487). Mutant mice show increased mortality after seizures caused by repeated treatments with the convulsant pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Hippocampus neurons from mutant mice display increased levels of oxidative stress and increased apoptosis (PubMed:30840898). Mutant mice display subtle behavorial defects, with hyperactivity, altered acquisition of spatial memory, but a normal startle response to noise (PubMed:27457814). Heterozygous mice have normal body weight and motor skills, but combination with a mouse model for Huntington disease (HD) gives rise to increased severity of impaired motor skills (PubMed:28469074). After a cross of mice carrying a Cre construct under the control of the Tek promoter with mice carrying a floxed Nppc gene a subset of the offspring displayed behavorial defects, including hyperactivity and hanging from cage tops. A subset (11 out of 33 mice) displayed strongly reduced body weight and profound deafness, with defects in the organization of the outer and inner hair cell bundles in the organ of Corti. Analysis of the genomic DNA from deaf mice showed that in 13 cases, these mice had the Cre construct inserted into the first intron of the Sorcs2 gene, but in 21 cases, the insertion had occured in an Ig kappa locus (PubMed:28346477).
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Postsynaptic density membrane
messages: Proteolytic cleavage removes a propeptide, giving rise to a 122 kDa chain that includes a cytoplasmic tail. Further cleavage gives rise to a 104 kDa chain that lacks the cytoplasmic tail, and a membrane-bound 18 kDa chain (PubMed:24908487). The 104 kDa chain remains bound to the 18 kDa chain (By similarity).
messages: Recycling endosome membrane
messages: SORCS2 expression is decreased after the onset of symptoms in mouse models for Huntington disease (HD). SORCS2 does not interact with wild-type HTT, but does interact with mutant HTT containing a long polyglutamine stretch.
messages: Synapse
messages: The heterodimer formed by NGFR and SORCS2 functions as receptor for the precursor forms of NGF (proNGF) and BDNF (proBDNF) (PubMed:22155786, PubMed:24908487, PubMed:27457814, PubMed:29909994). ProNGF and proBDNF binding both promote axon growth cone collapse (in vitro) (PubMed:24908487). Plays a role in the regulation of dendritic spine density in hippocampus neurons (PubMed:29909994). Required for normal neurite branching and extension in response to BDNF (PubMed:27457814, PubMed:29909994). Plays a role in BDNF-dependent hippocampal synaptic plasticity (PubMed:29909994, PubMed:27457814). Together with NGFR and NTRK2, is required both for BDNF-mediated synaptic long-term depression and long-term potentiation (PubMed:27457814). ProNGF binding promotes dissociation of TRIO from the heterodimer, which leads to inactivation of RAC1 and/or RAC2 and subsequent reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). Together with the retromer complex subunit VPS35, required for normal expression of GRIN2A at synapses and dendritic cell membranes (PubMed:28469074). Required for normal expression of the amino acid transporter SLC1A1 at the cell membrane, and thereby contributes to protect cells against oxidative stress (PubMed:30840898).
messages: dendrite
messages: dendritic spine
messages: synaptosome

10090:Adnp
gene id: 10090:Adnp
uniprot id: Q3UYC8
uniprot id: Q5BL11
uniprot id: Q9Z103
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By the neuroprotective peptide VIP.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Expressed in the brain, with a higher expression in cerebellum and hippocampus. Weakly expressed in lung, kidney and intestine, and expressed at intermediate level in testis.
messages: Interacts (via N-terminal region) with beta-catenin/CTNNB1 (via the central armadillo domains); interaction is direct and stabilizes CTNNB1 by modulating its phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta GSK3B.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation (PubMed:23071114, PubMed:32533114). May mediate some of the neuroprotective peptide VIP-associated effects involving normal growth and cancer proliferation. Positively modulates WNT-beta-catenin/CTNN1B signaling, acting by regulating phosphorylation of, and thereby stabilizing, CTNNB1 (PubMed:32533114). May be required for neural induction and neuronal differentiation (PubMed:32533114). May be involved in erythroid differentiation (PubMed:23071114).
messages: Nucleus
messages: When isolated from the sequence, the neuroprotective peptide provides neuroprotection at subfemtomolar concentrations against toxicity associated with tetrodoxin (electrical blockade), the amyloid-beta peptide (the Alzheimer disease neurotoxin), N-methyl-aspartate (excitotoxicity), and the human immunideficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein.

10090:Rbm44
gene id: 10090:Rbm44
uniprot id: Q3V089
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Component of intercellular bridges during meiosis. Intercellular bridges are evolutionarily conserved structures that connect differentiating germ cells. Not required for fertility.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Also expressed in other tissues at lower level.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with TEX14.
messages: No visible phenotype. Null male mice produce an increased number of sperm and show enhanced fertility.
messages: Present in testes beginning at postnatal day 5 (at protein level).

10090:Nxf1
gene id: 10090:Nxf1
uniprot id: Q99JX7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NXF family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed ubiquitously.
messages: Heterodimer (via NTF2 domain) with NXT1 (By similarity). The formation of NXF1-NXT1 heterodimers is required for the NXF1-mediated nuclear mRNA export (By similarity). Forms a complex with RANBP2/NUP358, NXT1 and RANGAP1 (By similarity). Associates with the exon junction complex (EJC) (PubMed:12093754). Associates with the transcription/export (TREX) complex (By similarity). Found in a mRNA complex with UPF3A and UPF3B (By similarity). Found in a post-splicing complex with RBM8A, UPF1, UPF2, UPF3A, UPF3B and RNPS1 (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with DHX9 (via N-terminus); this interaction is direct and negatively regulates NXF1-mediated nuclear export of constitutive transport element (CTE)-containing cellular mRNAs (By similarity). Interacts with FYTTD1/UIF (By similarity). Interacts with EIF4A3 (By similarity). Interacts with NUP42 (By similarity). Interacts with ALYREF/THOC4 (PubMed:10786854). Interacts with CHTOP (By similarity). Interacts with FRG1 (via N-terminus) (By similarity). Interacts with LUZP4 (By similarity). Interacts with FMR1; the interaction occurs in a mRNA-dependent and polyribosomes-independent manner in the nucleus (By similarity). Interacts with CPSF6 (via N-terminus); this interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts with RBM15 (By similarity). Interacts with RBM15B (By similarity). Interacts with MCM3AP; this interaction is not mediated by RNA (By similarity). Interacts with DDX3X (via C-terminus); this interaction may be partly involved in DDX3X nuclear export and in NXF1 localization to stress granules. Interacts with PABPC1/PABP1 (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the nuclear export of mRNA species bearing retroviral constitutive transport elements (CTE) and in the export of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm (TAP/NFX1 pathway). The NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer is involved in the export of HSP70 mRNA in conjunction with ALYREF/THOC4 and THOC5 components of the TREX complex. ALYREF/THOC4-bound mRNA is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export. Also involved in nuclear export of m6A-containing mRNAs: interaction between SRSF3 and YTHDC1 facilitates m6A-containing mRNA-binding to both SRSF3 and NXF1, promoting mRNA nuclear export.
messages: Nucleus envelope
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Stress granule
messages: The NTF2 domain is functional only in the presence of NXT1 and is essential for the export of mRNA from the nucleus. It inhibits RNA binding activity through an intramolecular interaction with the N-terminal RNA binding domain (RBD); the inhibition is removed by an association with the TREX complex, specifically involving ALYREF/THOC4 and THOC5.
messages: The RNA-binding domain is a non-canonical RNP-type domain.
messages: The TAP-C domain mediates direct interactions with nucleoporin-FG-repeats and is necessary and sufficient for localization of NXF1 to the nuclear rim. The conserved loop 594-NWD-596 of the TAP-C domain has a critical role in the interaction with nucleoporins.
messages: The leucine-rich repeats are essential for the export of mRNA from the nucleus.
messages: The minimal CTE binding domain consists of an RNP-type RNA binding domain (RBD) and leucine-rich repeats.
messages: The nucleoporin binding domain consists of a NTF2 domain (also called NTF2-like domain) and a TAP-C domain (also called UBA-like domain). It has 2 nucleoporin-FG-repeats binding sites (one in the NTF2 and the other in the TAP-C domain) which contribute to nucleoporin association and act synergistically to export cellular mRNAs.
messages: nuclear pore complex
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Cd300lg
gene id: 10090:Cd300lg
uniprot id: Q1ERP8
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the CD300 family.
messages: Expressed in monocyte cell lines. Expressed in certain types of endothelial and myeloid lineage cells. Expressed in mesenteric lymph nodes (LNs), spleen, thymus, lung, heart and kidney. Expressed in high endothelial venules (HEVs) in peripheral and mesenteric LNs (at protein level). Highly expressed in heart. Slightly expressed in spleen and thymus. Isoform 5 is expressed preferentially in heart. Isoform 1 is expressed predominantly in kidney and liver.
messages: Ig-like V-type domain mediates binding to lymphocyte.
messages: O-glycosylated with sialylated oligosaccharides.
messages: Receptor which may mediate L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte rollings. Binds SELL in a calcium dependent manner. Binds lymphocyte.
messages: multivesicular body membrane

10090:Olfr1122
gene id: 10090:Olfr1122
uniprot id: Q8VGT9
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Emx2
gene id: 10090:Emx2
uniprot id: Q04744
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the EMX homeobox family.
messages: Cerebral cortex.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor, which in cooperation with EMX2, acts to generate the boundary between the roof and archipallium in the developing brain. May function in combinations with OTX1/2 to specify cell fates in the developing central nervous system.

10090:Rpl3
gene id: 10090:Rpl3
uniprot id: P27659
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL3 family.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Interacts with DHX33 (PubMed:26100019).
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell.
messages: Constitutively monomethylated at His-245 by METTL18. Methylation at His-245 regulates translation elongation by slowing ribosome traversal on tyrosine codons: slower elongation provides enough time for proper folding of synthesized proteins and prevents cellular aggregation of tyrosine-rich proteins. It is not required for incorporation of RPL3 into ribosomes.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: nucleolus

10090:Sptlc3
gene id: 10090:Sptlc3
uniprot id: Q8BG54
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in white and brown adipose tissues.
messages: Heterodimer with SPTLC1. Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex, composed of SPTLC1, either SPTLC2 or SPTLC3, and either SPTSSA or SPTSSB. The composition of the complex will define the substrate specificity.
messages: Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with LCB1/SPTLC1 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. SPT complexes containing SPTLC3 generate shorter chain sphingoid bases compared to complexes containing SPTLC2. The SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses C12-CoA, C14-CoA and C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. On the other hand, the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB has the ability to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs without apparent preference.

10090:Pwp1
gene id: 10090:Pwp1
uniprot id: Q99LL5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Associates with the RNA polymerase (Pol I) complex. Interacts with POLR1E.
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat PWP1 family.
messages: Chromatin-associated factor that regulates transcription (By similarity). Regulates Pol I-mediated rRNA biogenesis and, probably, Pol III-mediated transcription (By similarity). Regulates the epigenetic status of rDNA (By similarity).
messages: Chromosome
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleolus

10090:Papss1
gene id: 10090:Papss1
uniprot id: Q3TUA8
uniprot id: Q60967
uniprot id: Q6NZM8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Bifunctional enzyme with both ATP sulfurylase and APS kinase activity, which mediates two steps in the sulfate activation pathway. The first step is the transfer of a sulfate group to ATP to yield adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS), and the second step is the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to APS yielding 3'-phosphoadenylylsulfate (PAPS: activated sulfate donor used by sulfotransferase). In mammals, PAPS is the sole source of sulfate; APS appears to be only an intermediate in the sulfate-activation pathway (PubMed:7493984). Required for normal biosynthesis of sulfated L-selectin ligands in endothelial cells (By similarity).
messages: Expressed in the neonatal brain and in cartilage.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the sulfate adenylyltransferase family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the APS kinase family.

10090:Inmt
gene id: 10090:Inmt
uniprot id: P40936
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the class I-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily. NNMT/PNMT/TEMT family.
messages: Catalyzes the N-methylation of tryptamine and structurally related compounds (By similarity). Functions as thioether S-methyltransferase and is active with a variety of thioethers and the corresponding selenium and tellurium compounds, including 3-methylthiopropionaldehyde, dimethyl selenide, dimethyl telluride, 2-methylthioethylamine, 2-methylthioethanol, methyl-n-propyl sulfide and diethyl sulfide. Plays an important role in the detoxification of selenium compounds.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in lung and liver (at protein level).
messages: Inhibited by the S-adenosyl-L-methionine analog sinefungin and by the product S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Was originally thought to be a thioether S-methyltransferase but appears to be the ortholog of human INMT.

10090:Olfr707
gene id: 10090:Olfr707
uniprot id: K7N662
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Disc1
gene id: 10090:Disc1
uniprot id: Q811T9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in granule cell precursors within the dentate migratory stream during the first week of postnatal life and in differentiated granule cells of the hippocampus (at protein level). Detected in heart, brain, kidney, and testis (PubMed:12504857). Expressed in dentate gyrus, hippocampus and in the olfactory bulb.
messages: Expressed in neuronal progenitors residing in the ventricular and subventriculare zones and in postmitotic neurons in the cortical plate of the cerebral cortex at 15 dpc. Expressed in granule cell precursors within the dentate migratory stream of the hippocampus at 19 dpc (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with NDEL1 (PubMed:14962739). Interacts with CCDC88A (via C-terminus); the interaction is direct (PubMed:19778506). Interacts with GSK3B (PubMed:19303846). Interacts with tubulin alpha, ACTN2, ANKHD1, ATF4, ATF5, CEP63, EIF3S3, MAP1A, NDEL1, PAFAH1B1, RANBP9, SPTBN4, SYNE1 and TRAF3IP1 (By similarity). Interaction with microtubules may be mediated in part by TRAF3IP1. Interacts (via C-terminal) with PCNT (By similarity). Interacts with CHCHD6 (By similarity). Interacts with CCDC141 (PubMed:20956536). Interacts with FBXW7, the substrate-recognition component of a SCF (SKP1-CUL1-F-box protein) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex; the interaction targets DISC1 for proteasomal degradation (By similarity). Interacts with ZNF365 (By similarity). Interacts with ATF4; inhibiting ATF4 transcription factor activity by disrupting ATF4 dimerization and DNA-binding (PubMed:31444471). Interacts with PDE4B (By similarity).
messages: Involved in the regulation of multiple aspects of embryonic and adult neurogenesis (PubMed:17825401, PubMed:19502360, PubMed:31444471). Required for neural progenitor proliferation in the ventrical/subventrical zone during embryonic brain development and in the adult dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (PubMed:17825401, PubMed:19502360). Participates in the Wnt-mediated neural progenitor proliferation as a positive regulator by modulating GSK3B activity and CTNNB1 abundance (PubMed:19303846). Plays a role as a modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation (PubMed:19778506). Inhibits the activation of AKT-mTOR signaling upon interaction with CCDC88A (PubMed:19778506). Regulates the migration of early-born granule cell precursors toward the dentate gyrus during the hippocampal development (PubMed:19502360). Inhibits ATF4 transcription factor activity in neurons by disrupting ATF4 dimerization and DNA-binding (PubMed:31444471). Plays a role, together with PCNT, in the microtubule network formation (By similarity).
messages: Loss of function of DISC1 in the dentate gyrus of adult mice results in reduced neural progenitor cell proliferation and the appearance of schizophrenic and depressive-like behaviors.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Postsynaptic density
messages: Ubiquitinated. Ubiquitination with 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains leads to its proteasomal degradation.
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Cdca5
gene id: 10090:Cdca5
uniprot id: Q9CPY3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sororin family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with the APC/C complex (By similarity). Interacts with the chromatin-bound cohesin complex; the interaction is indirect, occurs after DNA replication and requires acetylation of the cohesin component SMC3. Interacts (via the FGF motif) with PDS5A and PDS5B; the interaction is direct and prevents the interaction of PDS5A with WAPL.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation, as cells enter mitosis, disrupts the interaction with PDS5A and relieves the inhibition of WAPL by CDCA5 (By similarity).
messages: Regulator of sister chromatid cohesion in mitosis stabilizing cohesin complex association with chromatin. May antagonize the action of WAPL which stimulates cohesin dissociation from chromatin. Cohesion ensures that chromosome partitioning is accurate in both meiotic and mitotic cells and plays an important role in DNA repair. Required for efficient DNA double-stranded break repair.
messages: The KEN box is required for the association with the APC/C complex.
messages: Ubiquitinated by the APC/C complex in G1, leading to its degradation.

10090:Itih2
gene id: 10090:Itih2
uniprot id: G3X977
uniprot id: Q61703
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ITIH family.
messages: Expressed in both liver and brain.
messages: Heavy chains are linked to bikunin via chondroitin 4-sulfate esterified to the alpha-carboxyl of the C-terminal aspartate after propeptide cleavage.
messages: I-alpha-I plasma protease inhibitors are assembled from one or two heavy chains (HC) and one light chain, bikunin. Inter-alpha-inhibitor (I-alpha-I) is composed of ITIH1/HC1, ITIH2/HC2 and bikunin.
messages: May act as a carrier of hyaluronan in serum or as a binding protein between hyaluronan and other matrix protein, including those on cell surfaces in tissues to regulate the localization, synthesis and degradation of hyaluronan which are essential to cells undergoing biological processes.
messages: Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.
messages: Secreted

10090:Helq
gene id: 10090:Helq
uniprot id: Q2VPA6
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. SKI2 subfamily.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Hexamer (By similarity). Interacts with POLN (By similarity). Interacts with RAD51B (By similarity). Interacts with RAD51C; promoting association with the BCDX2 complex (PubMed:24005329). Interacts with the replication protein A (RPA/RP-A) complex (By similarity). Interacts with RAD51; stimulating HELQ DNA helicase activity and ability to unwing DNA (By similarity).
messages: Mice display Fanconi anemia-like phenotypes, characterized by subfertility, germ cell attrition, interstrand cross-links (ICLs) sensitivity and cancer susceptibility.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Single-stranded 3'-5' DNA helicase that plays a key role in homology-driven double-strand break (DSB) repair (PubMed:24005329, PubMed:24005041). Involved in different DSB repair mechanisms that are guided by annealing of extensive stretches of complementary bases at break ends, such as microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ), single-strand annealing (SSA) or synthesis-dependent strand annealing (SDSA) (By similarity). Possesses both DNA unwinding and annealing activities (By similarity). Forms a complex with RAD51, stimulating HELQ DNA helicase activity and ability to unwing DNA (By similarity). Efficiently unwinds substrates containing 3' overhangs or a D-loop (By similarity). In contrast, interaction with the replication protein A (RPA/RP-A) complex inhibits DNA unwinding by HELQ but strongly stimulates DNA strand annealing (By similarity). Triggers displacement of RPA from single-stranded DNA to facilitate annealing of complementary sequences (By similarity).

10090:Adgrf2
gene id: 10090:Adgrf2
uniprot id: A0A668KM90
uniprot id: E9Q4J9
uniprot id: Q3UQ38
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. Adhesion G-protein coupled receptor (ADGR) subfamily.
messages: Expressed during embryonic development in the skin starting at embryonic day 12 with the formation of the basal layer of the skin.
messages: Mainly expressed in skin and heart, and very weakly in lung and spleen. Detected in all epidermal layers of skin.
messages: Membrane
messages: Most adhesion GPCRs undergo autoproteolysis at the GPS domain. ADGRF2 is not autoproteolyzed at the GPS motif because of the lack of a consensus catalytic triad sequence within GPS domain.
messages: No visible phenotype.
messages: Orphan receptor.

10090:Klhl42
gene id: 10090:Klhl42
uniprot id: Q8BFQ9
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the BCR(KLHL42) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, at least composed of CUL3 and KLHL42. Interacts (via the BTB domain) with CUL3. Interacts (via the kelch domains) with KATNA1 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex required for mitotic progression and cytokinesis. The BCR(KLHL42) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of KATNA1. Involved in microtubule dynamics throughout mitosis (By similarity).
messages: spindle

10090:Tmem63a
gene id: 10090:Tmem63a
uniprot id: Q91YT8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Acts as an osmosensitive calcium-permeable cation channel (PubMed:27045885). Mechanosensitive ion channel that converts mechanical stimuli into a flow of ion (PubMed:30382938).
messages: Belongs to the CSC1 (TC 1.A.17) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lysosome membrane

10090:Trpa1
gene id: 10090:Trpa1
uniprot id: Q8BLA8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: A cytosolic factor (probably pyrophosphate, polytriphosphate, polyP4, polyP25, polyP45, and/or polyP65) is necessary for TRPA1 activation by irritants (PubMed:17567811). Such factor acts by keeping TRPA1 in a agonist-sensitive state (PubMed:17567811). Inhibited by the potent blocker of TRPV channels ruthenium red, A-967079 (PubMed:15843607, PubMed:29703838, PubMed:31447178). Activated by icilin, sulfhydryl reactive agent MTSEA, N-methyl maleimide (NMM), and PF-4840154 (PubMed:17237762, PubMed:29703838).
messages: Belongs to the transient receptor (TC 1.A.4) family.
messages: C-terminal helices from the four subunits associate to form atypical coiled coil structure; this region is probably involved in binding the inositol polyphosphates that are required for optimal channel activity (in vitro).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: During utricle development, it is first expressed at 15 dpc and 16 dpc and peaks at 17 dpc. It drops at 18 dpc but increases again at 19 dpc, possibly corresponding to a second wave of hair cells that are generated at 15 dpc.
messages: Expressed in inner ear (at protein level). Specifically expressed in a subset of nociceptive neurons. Expressed in the same neurons that TRPV1. In contrast, it is not expressed in neurons expressing TRPM8. Expressed in the superior cervical ganglion of vagus nerve. Expressed in the inferior ganglion (nodose ganglion) of vagus nerve (PubMed:21873995). Expressed in dorsal root ganglia neurons (PubMed:21873995).
messages: Homotetramer (PubMed:21908607). Interacts with TMEM100 (PubMed:25640077). Interacts with EGLN1 (PubMed:21873995). Interacts with the scorpion wasabi receptor toxin at the same site that electrophiles but in a non-covalent manner (By similarity).
messages: Hydroxylation is required for TRPA1 activity inhibition in normoxia. In hypoxia, the decrease in oxygen concentration diminishes the activity of the hydroxylase EGLN1, thus relieving TRPA1 from inhibition and ultimately leading to channel activation.
messages: Mice display normal cold sensitivity and unimpaired auditory function, suggesting that this channel is not required for the initial detection of noxious cold or sound. However, they exhibit pronounced deficits in bradykinin-evoked nociceptor excitation and pain hypersensitivity.
messages: Oxidation of Cys-634 and Cys-859 in hyperoxia may override the hydroxylase EGLN1-mediated inhibition, causing TRPA1 activation.
messages: Receptor-activated non-selective cation channel involved in pain detection and possibly also in cold perception, oxygen concentration perception, cough, itch, and inner ear function (PubMed:24140646). Shows 8-fold preference for divalent over monovalent cations. Has a central role in the pain response to endogenous inflammatory mediators and to a diverse array of irritants, such as allylthiocyanate (AITC) found in mustard oil or wasabi, cinnamaldehyde, diallyl disulfide (DADS) from garlic, and acrolein, an irritant from tears gas and vehicle exhaust fumes (PubMed:16564016). Acts also as an ionotropic cannabinoid receptor by being activated by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana. Is activated by a large variety of structurally unrelated electrophilic and non-electrophilic chemical compounds. Electrophilic ligands activate TRPA1 by interacting with critical N-terminal Cys residues in a covalent manner, whereas mechanisms of non-electrophilic ligands are not well determined. May be a component for the mechanosensitive transduction channel of hair cells in inner ear, thereby participating in the perception of sounds. Probably operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system.
messages: TRPA1 activation by electrophiles occurs though covalent modification of specific cysteine residues in the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain (PubMed:17237762, PubMed:22207754).
messages: The ANK repeat domain consists of a convex stem structure followed by a crescent-shaped structure that surrounds the protein core.

10090:Fam221b
gene id: 10090:Fam221b
uniprot id: Q8C627
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM221 family.

10090:Tm4sf5
gene id: 10090:Tm4sf5
uniprot id: Q91XF2
uniprot id: Q9D8G1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the L6 tetraspanin family.
messages: Membrane

10090:7420426K07Rik
gene id: 10090:7420426K07Rik
uniprot id: Q3UX66
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the PRR23 family.

10090:Olfr1040
gene id: 10090:Olfr1040
uniprot id: A2ARY1
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Apoc3
gene id: 10090:Apoc3
uniprot id: A0A0R4J1N3
uniprot id: E9QP56
uniprot id: P33622
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the apolipoprotein C3 family.
messages: Component of triglyceride-rich very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays a multifaceted role in triglyceride homeostasis. Intracellularly, promotes hepatic very low density lipoprotein 1 (VLDL1) assembly and secretion; extracellularly, attenuates hydrolysis and clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs). Impairs the lipolysis of TRLs by inhibiting lipoprotein lipase and the hepatic uptake of TRLs by remnant receptors. Formed of several curved helices connected via semiflexible hinges, so that it can wrap tightly around the curved micelle surface and easily adapt to the different diameters of its natural binding partners.
messages: Secreted
messages: The most abundant glycoforms are characterized by an O-linked disaccharide galactose linked to N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal-GalNAc), further modified with up to 3 sialic acid residues. Less abundant glycoforms are characterized by more complex and fucosylated glycan moieties. O-glycosylated on Thr-94 with a core 1 or possibly core 8 glycan.

10090:Slc29a4
gene id: 10090:Slc29a4
uniprot id: Q8R139
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Apical cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC29A/ENT transporter (TC 2.A.57) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in heart.
messages: Functions as a polyspecific organic cation transporter, efficiently transporting many organic cations such as monoamine neurotransmitters 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and biogenic amines including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine. May play a role in regulating central nervous system homeostasis of monoamine neurotransmitters. May be involved in luminal transport of organic cations in the kidney and seems to use luminal proton gradient to drive organic cation reabsorptprev reabsorption. Does not seem to transport nucleoside and nucleoside analogs such as uridine, cytidine, thymidine, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, and azidothymidine. In (PubMed:16873718) adenosine is efficiently transported but in a fashion highly sensitive to extracellular pH, with maximal activity in the pH range 5.5 to 6.5. Glu-206 is essential for the cation selectivity and may function as the charge sensor for cationic substrates. Transport is chloride and sodium-independent but appears to be sensitive to changes in membrane potential. Weakly inhibited by the classical inhibitors of equilibrative nucleoside transport, dipyridamole, dilazep, and nitrobenzylthioinosine. May play a role in the regulation of extracellular adenosine concentrations in cardiac tissues, in particular during ischemia (By similarity).
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Swap70
gene id: 10090:Swap70
uniprot id: Q6A028
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Not detected in the spleen of 1-week old mice. Detected from 2-weeks onwards and thereafter levels increase and then from 12-weeks onwards levels decline.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which, independently of RAS, transduces signals from tyrosine kinase receptors to RAC. It also mediates signaling of membrane ruffling. Regulates the actin cytoskeleton as an effector or adapter protein in response to agonist stimulated phosphatidylinositol (3,4)-bisphosphate production and cell protrusion (By similarity).
messages: Spleen. Expressed only in B-cells that have been induced to switch to various Ig isotypes.
messages: The PH domain is essential for phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate binding.
messages: The SWAP complex consists of NPM1, NCL, PARP1 and SWAP70.
messages: Tyrosine-phosphorylated.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: lamellipodium

10090:Vmn1r4
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r4
uniprot id: Q8R2D3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fgf16
gene id: 10090:Fgf16
uniprot id: A0A7U3JW97
uniprot id: Q9ESL8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the heparin-binding growth factors family.
messages: Interacts with FGFR1 and FGFR2.
messages: Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation and cell differentiation, and is required for normal cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart development.
messages: Secreted

10090:Mlec
gene id: 10090:Mlec
uniprot id: Q6ZQI3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the malectin family.
messages: Carbohydrate-binding protein with a strong ligand preference for Glc2-N-glycan. May play a role in the early steps of protein N-glycosylation (By similarity).
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Interacts with the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex.

10090:Mrln
gene id: 10090:Mrln
uniprot id: Q9CV60
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: During embryogenesis, expressed in the myotomal compartment of the somites and the anlagen of skeletal muscle. During fetal and adult stages, strongly expressed in all skeletal muscles. Not detectable in cardiac or smooth muscles.
messages: Expression is regulated by MYEF2 and MYOD1.
messages: Inhibits the activity of ATP2A1/SERCA1 ATPase in sarcoplasmic reticulum by decreasing the apparent affinity of the ATPase for Ca(2+), thereby acting as a key regulator of skeletal muscle activity. Its high expression in adult skeletal muscle, suggests that it constitutes the predominant regulator of ATP2A1/SERCA1 in adult skeletal muscle.
messages: Interacts with ATP2A1/SERCA1.
messages: Mice were born at expected Mendelian ratios and did not show no obvious morphological abnormalities or differences in body or muscle weights. They however show enhanced Ca(2+) handling in skeletal muscle and improved exercise performance.
messages: Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Specifically expressed in all skeletal muscles. Not expressed in cardiac or smooth muscles.

10090:Ldah
gene id: 10090:Ldah
uniprot id: A0A0F6AIX5
uniprot id: A0A0F6AIX6
uniprot id: A0A1W2P7C8
uniprot id: Q8BVA5
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. LDAH family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expressed in liver, adrenal gland, prostate, spleen, kidney, brown and white adipose tissue, testis and to a lesser extent in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:27836991). Expressed in bone marrow-derived macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:27836991). Expressed in heart (PubMed:27836991). Highly expressed in macrophage-rich areas in atherosclerotic lesions (PubMed:24357060).
messages: Lipid droplet
messages: Mice have no obvious defects (PubMed:27836991). Size of adipocytes is normal (PubMed:27836991). Lipid metabolism is normal (PubMed:27836991). Cholesterol ester turnover or hydrolysis in bone marrow macrophages, brown adipose tissue or liver is normal (PubMed:27836991). No defect in body composition, energy expenditure, locomotor activity, water or food intake, respiratory exchange ratio, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production or glucose homeostasis (PubMed:27836991).
messages: Probable serine lipid hydrolase associated with lipid droplets (PubMed:24357060). Appears to lack cholesterol esterase activity (PubMed:24357060, PubMed:27836991). Appears to lack triglyceride lipase activity (PubMed:23525007, PubMed:24357060, PubMed:27836991). Highly expressed in macrophage-rich areas in atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that it could promote cholesterol ester turnover in macrophages (PubMed:24357060).
messages: The catalytic activity is unsure despite catalytic sites being conserved (PubMed:23525007, PubMed:27836991). One report shows that LDAH has low cholesterol esterase activity when overexpressed in RAW 264.7 macrophages (PubMed:24357060). However, in another study, LDAH lacks cholesterol esterase activity when overexpressed in Hela cells (PubMed:27836991). Lack lipolytic activity towards trioleoylglycerol, dioleoylglycerol or monooleoylglycerol when overexpressed in COS-7 cells or Hela cells (PubMed:23525007, PubMed:27836991).

10090:Tlr9
gene id: 10090:Tlr9
uniprot id: Q9EQU3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by proteolytic cleavage of the flexible loop between repeats LRR14 and LRR15 within the ectodomain (PubMed:18931679, PubMed:18820679). Cleavage requires UNC93B1 (PubMed:18820679). Proteolytically processed by first removing the majority of the ectodomain by either asparagine endopeptidase (AEP) or a cathepsin followed by a trimming event that is solely cathepsin mediated and required for optimal receptor signaling (PubMed:21402738).
messages: Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endosome
messages: Expressed in the basolateral region of gastric epithelial cells with high levels detected in antrum and body mucosa (at protein level). Detected in spleen and stomach at higher levels in C57BL/6 mice than BALB/C.
messages: Following Helicobacter infection, down-regulated in C57BL/6 mice and up-regulated in BALB/C mice.
messages: Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR9 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) dinucleotides. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:18931679, PubMed:21402738, PubMed:14993594, PubMed:17474149, PubMed:25686612, PubMed:18820679). Plays a role in defense against systemic mouse cytomegalovirus infection (PubMed:14993594). Controls lymphocyte response to Helicobacter infection (PubMed:17474149). Upon CpG stimulation, induces B-cell proliferation, activation, survival and antibody production (By similarity).
messages: Lysosome
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Exists as a monomer in the absence of unmethylated cytidine-phosphate-guanosine (CpG) ligand. Proteolytic processing of an insertion loop (Z-loop) is required for homodimerization upon binding to the unmethylated CpG ligand leading to its activation (By similarity). Interacts with MYD88 via their respective TIR domains (PubMed:18820679). Interacts with BTK (By similarity). Interacts (via transmembrane domain) with UNC93B1 (PubMed:17452530, PubMed:18931679). Interacts with CD300LH; the interaction may promote full activation of TLR9-triggered innate responses (PubMed:21940676). Interacts with CNPY3 and HSP90B1; this interaction is required for proper folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:18780723, PubMed:20865800). Interacts with SMPDL3B (PubMed:26095358).
messages: Reduced proliferation of lymphocytes, reduced interferon-gamma production by splenocytes and reduced neutrophil numbers following Helicobacter infection.
messages: phagosome

10090:Polr2h
gene id: 10090:Polr2h
uniprot id: Q923G2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic RPB8 RNA polymerase subunit family.
messages: Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I), RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complexes consisting of at least 13, 12 and 17 subunits, respectively. Directly interacts with POLR2A (By similarity).
messages: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively (By similarity).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Atg7
gene id: 10090:Atg7
uniprot id: A0A0A0MQN4
uniprot id: Q3TM87
uniprot id: Q9D906
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by EP300.
messages: Belongs to the ATG7 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Facilitates LC3-I lipidation with phosphatidylethanolamine to form LC3-II which is found on autophagosomal membranes (By similarity). Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Modulates p53/TP53 activity to regulate cell cycle and survival during metabolic stress. Also plays a key role in the maintenance of axonal homeostasis, the prevention of axonal degeneration, the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells, the formation of Paneth cell granules, as well as in adipose differentiation. Plays a role in regulating the liver clock and glucose metabolism by mediating the autophagic degradation of CRY1 (clock repressor) in a time-dependent manner (PubMed:29937374).
messages: E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 as well as the ATG8 family proteins for their conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Required for autophagic death induced by caspase-8 inhibition. Required for mitophagy which contributes to regulate mitochondrial quantity and quality by eliminating the mitochondria to a basal level to fulfill cellular energy requirements and preventing excess ROS production. Modulates p53/TP53 activity to regulate cell cycle and survival during metabolic stress.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ATG3, FOXO1 and EP300 acetyltransferase. The complex, composed of ATG3 and ATG7, plays a role in the conjugation of ATG12 to ATG5. Interacts with FOXO1 (By similarity). Forms intermediate conjugates with ATG8 family proteins such as GABARAP, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2, MAP1LC3A, or GABARAPL1. Interacts with ATG12.
messages: Leads to hepatomegaly in liver and accumulation of abnormal organelles in hepatic cells (PubMed:15866887). Liver-specific knockout leads to loss of autophagy, increased accumulation of CRY1, decreased blood glucose levels due to impaired gluconeogenesis and the disruption of the circadian clock in the liver (PubMed:29937374).
messages: Preautophagosomal structure
messages: The C-terminal part of the protein is essential for the dimerization and interaction with ATG3 and ATG12.
messages: The N-terminal FAP motif (residues 11 to 13) is essential for the formation of the ATG89-PE and ATG5-ATG12 conjugates.
messages: Widely expressed, especially in kidney, liver, lymph nodes and bone marrow.

10090:Eef1akmt4-ece2
gene id: 10090:Eef1akmt4-ece2
uniprot id: P0DPD9
uniprot id: P0DPE0
uniprot id: Q80Z57
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Based on a naturally occurring readthrough transcript which produces an Eef1akmt4-Ece2 fusion protein.
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Converts big endothelin-1 to endothelin-1. May also have methyltransferase activity (By similarity). May play a role in amyloid-beta processing (PubMed:12464614).
messages: Eef1akmt4-Ece2 and Ece2 double mutant mice are fertile and healthy, and do not display any abnormality in terms of growth or aging.
messages: Expressed at high levels in central nervous system. Expressed in adrenal glands, ovary and uterus, and at low levels in heart.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: In the C-terminal section; belongs to the peptidase M13 family.
messages: In the N-terminal section; belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Inhibited by phosphoramidon.
messages: Membrane
messages: Protein-lysine methyltransferase that efficiently catalyzes three successive methylations on 'Lys-36' in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EEF1A1 or EEF1A2).
messages: Weakly expressed in mesenchyme and parts of neural tube at 10.5 dpc. At 13.5 dpc, expressed in anterior part of neural tube, dorsal root ganglia, bilateral sympathetic trunk and heart.
messages: secretory vesicle membrane

10090:Ang4
gene id: 10090:Ang4
uniprot id: Q3TMQ6
uniprot id: W0UUX7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease family.
messages: Detected in small intestine, caecum and colon, with the highest expression in Paneth cells in the intestinal epithelium.
messages: Has bactericidal activity against E.faecalis and L.monocytogenes, but not against L.innocua and E.coli. Promotes angiogenesis (in vitro). Has low ribonuclease activity (in vitro). Promotes proliferation of melanoma cells, but not of endothelial cells or fibroblasts (in vitro).
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated in small intestine by contact with normal intestinal microflora. Expressed at very low levels in intestine from germ-free mice.
messages: nucleolus
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Cep95
gene id: 10090:Cep95
uniprot id: Q8BVV7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: centrosome
messages: spindle pole

10090:Depdc7
gene id: 10090:Depdc7
uniprot id: Q91WS7
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the DEPDC7 family.
messages: Strongly expressed in liver and to a lower extent in kidney.

10090:Map10
gene id: 10090:Map10
uniprot id: Q8BJS7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts (via middle region) with microtubules.
messages: Microtubule-associated protein (MAP) that plays a role in the regulation of cell division; promotes microtubule stability and participates in the organization of the spindle midzone and normal progress of cytokinesis.
messages: Midbody
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle pole

10090:Kif5c
gene id: 10090:Kif5c
uniprot id: P28738
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Kinesin subfamily.
messages: Chimeric cDNA. The C-terminus (up to position 300) corresponds to KIF5C sequence.
messages: Composed of three structural domains: a large globular N-terminal domain which is responsible for the motor activity of kinesin (it hydrolyzes ATP and binds microtubule), a central alpha-helical coiled coil domain that mediates the heavy chain dimerization; and a small globular C-terminal domain which interacts with other proteins (such as the kinesin light chains), vesicles and membranous organelles.
messages: Microtubule-associated force-producing protein that may play a role in organelle transport. Has ATPase activity (By similarity). Involved in synaptic transmission (By similarity). Mediates dendritic trafficking of mRNAs (PubMed:19608740). Required for anterograde axonal transportation of MAPK8IP3/JIP3 which is essential for MAPK8IP3/JIP3 function in axon elongation (By similarity).
messages: Oligomer composed of two heavy chains and two light chains (PubMed:15286375). Interacts with GRIP1 (PubMed:11986669). Interacts with KLC3 and TRAK1 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:21976701).
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: dendrite

10090:Ptprr
gene id: 10090:Ptprr
uniprot id: Q62132
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Receptor class 7 subfamily.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis. Isoform alpha is expressed throughout the granular layer of the cerebellar but not within the Purkinje cells, also in the villi of the ileum and jejunum and both the villi and crypts of the duodenum. Isoform beta is expressed only in the Purkinje cells. Isoform gamma is expressed throughout the brain, the villi and crypts of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum and expressed at low levels in the proximal colon.
messages: Interacts with MAPKs.
messages: Isoform gamma is the only family member developmentally expressed. Expressed throughout the brain in 15.5 day embryos and in cranial nerve cells, skeletal tissues such as neural crest-derived face bones, and the periphery of cartilaginous skeletal elements including the rib and vertebrae anlage. On day 17.5, expression was observed throughout the brain, trigeminal ganglion, cranofacial bones, oral-facial structures, cervical vertebrae, axis and the ileum. Expression continued in the vertebral column throughout ossification.
messages: Sequesters mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) such as MAPK1, MAPK3 and MAPK14 in the cytoplasm in an inactive form. The MAPKs bind to a dephosphorylated kinase interacting motif, phosphorylation of which by the protein kinase A complex releases the MAPKs for activation and translocation into the nucleus. Isoform gamma may have a role in patterning and cellular proliferation of skeletal elements in the precartilaginous/cartilaginous skeleton.

10090:Dkkl1
gene id: 10090:Dkkl1
uniprot id: Q9QZL9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Contains a N-terminal domain similar to that of the N-terminal section of DKK3.
messages: Expressed in the embryo only after day 15. In the adult, expressed only in developing spermatocytes. Expressed in the developing cochlea. Detected only in developing spermatocytes and spermatids in seminiferous tubules. Moreover, first appears specifically in zygotene/pachytene spermatocytes. Found in puddles in the pachytene spermatocytes of all stage tubules and then in crescent shaped structures characteristic of acrosomes in early step spermatids. Detected in mature sperm (PubMed:15892050). Expressed strongly in trophoblast stem cells and further up-regulated in trophoblast giant cells. Expression is maintained in post-implantation placental tissues in utero. Highly expressed from 7.5 dpc trophectoderm to 12.5 dpc placenta. Expression remains baseline in postimplantation embryonic tissues (PubMed:19596312).
messages: Interacts with SLXL1; Co-localize in seminiferous tubules (PubMed:21698294). Interacts with SLY (PubMed:19176879).
messages: Involved in fertilization by facilitating sperm penetration of the zona pellucida (PubMed:19596312, PubMed:22817830). May promote spermatocyte apoptosis, thereby limiting sperm production. In adults, may reduce testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells (PubMed:18818293). Is not essential either for development or fertility (PubMed:19596310).
messages: N-glycosylated during spermatogenesis. Not N-glycosylated in mature sperm.
messages: Nullizygous embryos Dkkl1 mice develop into viable, fertile adults.
messages: Secreted
messages: Testis-specific. Abundant in the seminiferous tubules where it is associated with developing spermatocytes. Expressed only in testis (at protein level) (PubMed:15892050, PubMed:19596310). Not detectable on postnatal days 4 and 9 but after day 18 it gradually increased as the development of testes progressed. Expressed at high levels in testis and at weak levels in epididymis (PubMed:22817830).
messages: acrosome

10090:Serpini1
gene id: 10090:Serpini1
uniprot id: O35684
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the serpin family.
messages: Detected in neurons in embryonic brain cortex (at protein level) (PubMed:17040209). During embryonic development mostly expressed in CNS (PubMed:9364046). In adult expressed in brain and much less in spinal cord, heart, kidney and testis (PubMed:9364046).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: Secreted
messages: Serine protease inhibitor that inhibits plasminogen activators and plasmin but not thrombin (PubMed:9364046, PubMed:11557034). May be involved in the formation or reorganization of synaptic connections as well as for synaptic plasticity in the adult nervous system. May protect neurons from cell damage by tissue-type plasminogen activator (Probable).
messages: secretory vesicle lumen

10090:Syt9
gene id: 10090:Syt9
uniprot id: Q9R0N9
names: Cofactor
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the synaptotagmin family.
messages: Binds 3 Ca(2+) ions per subunit. The ions are bound to the C2 domains.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked via the cysteine motif (PubMed:10531343). Can also form heterodimers with SYT3, SYT6, SYT7 and SYT10 (PubMed:10531343, PubMed:10531344, PubMed:10871604). Interacts with DNAJC5 and SNAP25, but not with HSC70 (PubMed:20847230). The interaction with DNAJC5 is stimulated tenfold in presence of calcium while the interaction with SNAP25 is inhibited (PubMed:20847230).
messages: May be involved in Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of secretory vesicles through Ca(2+) and phospholipid binding to the C2 domain or may serve as Ca(2+) sensors in the process of vesicular trafficking and exocytosis.
messages: The cysteine motif mediates homo- or heterodimer formation via formation of disulfide bonds.
messages: synaptic vesicle membrane

10090:Dipk1a
gene id: 10090:Dipk1a
uniprot id: Q9D6I7
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Among the many cysteines in the lumenal domain, most are probably involved in disulfide bonds.
messages: Belongs to the DIPK family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Ubiquitous.

10090:Ubc
gene id: 10090:Ubc
uniprot id: P0CG50
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ubiquitin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Exists either covalently attached to another protein, or free (unanchored). When covalently bound, it is conjugated to target proteins via an isopeptide bond either as a monomer (monoubiquitin), a polymer linked via different Lys residues of the ubiquitin (polyubiquitin chains) or a linear polymer linked via the initiator Met of the ubiquitin (linear polyubiquitin chains). Polyubiquitin chains, when attached to a target protein, have different functions depending on the Lys residue of the ubiquitin that is linked: Lys-6-linked may be involved in DNA repair; Lys-11-linked is involved in ERAD (endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation) and in cell-cycle regulation; Lys-29-linked is involved in proteotoxic stress response and cell cycle; Lys-33-linked is involved in kinase modification; Lys-48-linked is involved in protein degradation via the proteasome; Lys-63-linked is involved in endocytosis, DNA-damage responses as well as in signaling processes leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B. Linear polymer chains formed via attachment by the initiator Met lead to cell signaling. Ubiquitin is usually conjugated to Lys residues of target proteins, however, in rare cases, conjugation to Cys or Ser residues has been observed. When polyubiquitin is free (unanchored-polyubiquitin), it also has distinct roles, such as in activation of protein kinases, and in signaling.
messages: For the sake of clarity sequence features are annotated only for the first chain, and are not repeated for each of the following chains.
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane
messages: Mono-ADP-ribosylated at the C-terminus by PARP9, a component of the PPAR9-DTX3L complex. ADP-ribosylation requires processing by E1 and E2 enzymes and prevents ubiquitin conjugation to substrates such as histones.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Ser-65 by PINK1 during mitophagy. Phosphorylated ubiquitin specifically binds and activates parkin (PRKN), triggering mitophagy. Phosphorylation does not affect E1-mediated E2 charging of ubiquitin but affects discharging of E2 enzymes to form polyubiquitin chains. It also affects deubiquitination by deubiquitinase enzymes such as USP30.
messages: Ubiquitin is encoded by 4 different genes. Uba52 and Rps27a genes code for a single copy of ubiquitin fused to the ribosomal proteins L40 and S27a, respectively. UBB and UBC genes code for a polyubiquitin precursor with exact head to tail repeats, the number of repeats differ between species and strains.

10090:Sh3pxd2a
gene id: 10090:Sh3pxd2a
uniprot id: O89032
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Adapter protein involved in invadopodia and podosome formation, extracellular matrix degradation and invasiveness of some cancer cells. Binds matrix metalloproteinases (ADAMs), NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and phosphoinositides. Acts as an organizer protein that allows NOX1- or NOX3-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ROS localization. In association with ADAM12, mediates the neurotoxic effect of amyloid-beta peptide (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the SH3PXD2 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with ADAM12, ADAM15 and ADAM19 (By similarity). Interacts with NOXO1 (By similarity). Interacts (via SH3 domains) with NOXA1; the interaction is direct (By similarity). Interacts (via N-terminus) with CYBA. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: Shows significant decrease in total cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in podosome formation.
messages: The PX domain is required for podosome localization because of its ability to bind phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) and, to a lesser extent, phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns(4)P), phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate (PtdIns(5)P), and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P2). Binds to the third intramolecular SH3 domain (By similarity).
messages: The fifth SH3 domain mediates binding with ADAM12, ADAM15 and ADAM19.
messages: Tyrosine phosphorylated by SRC. Phosphorylation plays a regulatory role in the protein localization. The intramolecular interaction of the PX domain with the third SH3 domain maintains the protein in the cytoplasm and phosphorylation disrupts this interaction, resulting in the redistribution of the protein from cytoplasm to the perimembrane region. Phosphorylated on serine upon DNA damage, probably by ATM or ATR (By similarity).
messages: Widely expressed. Not found in the spleen and testis.
messages: podosome

10090:Mknk1
gene id: 10090:Mknk1
uniprot id: A2A8W8
uniprot id: O08605
uniprot id: Q3U1I8
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family.
messages: Dual phosphorylation of Thr-209 and Thr-214 activates the kinase. Phosphorylation of Thr-344 activates the kinase. MAPK3/ERK1 is one of the kinases which activate MKNK1/MNK1. Phosphorylation by PAK2 leads to a reduced phosphorylation of EIF4G1 (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal regions of EIF4G1 and EIF4G2. Also binds to dephosphorylated ERK1 and ERK2, and to the p38 kinases.
messages: May play a role in the response to environmental stress and cytokines. Appears to regulate translation by phosphorylating EIF4E, thus increasing the affinity of this protein for the 7-methylguanosine-containing mRNA cap.
messages: Phosphorylated and activated by the p38 kinases and kinases in the Erk pathway.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed in all tissues examined, with high levels in skeletal muscle.

10090:Avl9
gene id: 10090:Avl9
uniprot id: Q80U56
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AVL9 family.
messages: Functions in cell migration.
messages: Membrane
messages: Recycling endosome

10090:Cel
gene id: 10090:Cel
uniprot id: Q3V2H7
uniprot id: Q64285
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by bile salts such as sodium taurocholate.
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Catalyzes the hydrolysis of a wide range of substrates including cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, lysophospholipids, di- and tri-acylglycerols, and fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) (PubMed:27509211). Preferentially hydrolyzes FAHFAs with the ester bond further away from the carboxylate. Unsaturated FAHFAs are hydrolyzed more quickly than saturated FAHFAs (PubMed:27509211). Has an essential role in the complete digestion of dietary lipids and their intestinal absorption, along with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (By similarity).
messages: EXpressed by eosinophils.
messages: Interacts with CLC.
messages: Secreted

10090:Cep68
gene id: 10090:Cep68
uniprot id: Q8C0D9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Interacts with CNTLN; the interaction recruits CEP68 to the centrosome. Interacts with the SCF(FBXW11) complex which contains SKP1, CUL1 and FBXW11; the interaction is probably mediated by FBXW11 and the complex also contains CDK5RAP2 and PCNT. Also interacts with F-box protein BTRC. Interacts with serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of CEP68 and its subsequent degradation. Interacts with NEK2; the interaction leads to phosphorylation of CEP68.
messages: Involved in maintenance of centrosome cohesion, probably as part of a linker structure which prevents centrosome splitting. Required for localization of CDK5RAP2 to the centrosome during interphase. Contributes to CROCC/rootletin filament formation.
messages: Phosphorylation by PLK1 is required for binding to BTRC in prometaphase. Phosphorylated directly or indirectly by NEK2. NEK2-mediated phosphorylation promotes CEP68 dissociation from the centrosome and its degradation at the onset of mitosis.
messages: Ubiquitinated and targeted for proteasomal degradation in early mitosis by the SCF(BTRC) and/or SCF(FBXW11) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes. Degradation is complete by prometaphase and is required for removal of CDK5RAP2 from the peripheral pericentriolar material and subsequent centriole separation.
messages: centrosome

10090:Olfr910
gene id: 10090:Olfr910
uniprot id: Q8VG76
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Tmem81
gene id: 10090:Tmem81
uniprot id: Q9D5K1
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Srms
gene id: 10090:Srms
uniprot id: Q0VBH4
uniprot id: Q8BQI4
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Tyr protein kinase family.

10090:Stoml2
gene id: 10090:Stoml2
uniprot id: Q99JB2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the band 7/mec-2 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Embryonic lethal at the preimplantation stage. T-cell-specific conditional knockout does not alter the normal development of those cells but decreases their responses to stimulation through the T-cell receptor.
messages: Forms homooligomers (By similarity). Interacts with MFN2; may form heterooligomers (By similarity). Interacts with PHB1 and PHB2; recruits them to cardiolipin-enriched mitochondrial membranes and stabilizes them (By similarity). Interacts with CACNA2D2.
messages: Membrane raft
messages: Mitochondrial protein that probably regulates the biogenesis and the activity of mitochondria. Stimulates cardiolipin biosynthesis, binds cardiolipin-enriched membranes where it recruits and stabilizes some proteins including prohibitin and may therefore act in the organization of functional microdomains in mitochondrial membranes. Through regulation of the mitochondrial function may play a role into several biological processes including cell migration, cell proliferation, T-cell activation, calcium homeostasis and cellular response to stress. May play a role in calcium homeostasis through negative regulation of calcium efflux from mitochondria. Required for mitochondrial hyperfusion a pro-survival cellular response to stress which results in increased ATP production by mitochondria. May also regulate the organization of functional domains at the plasma membrane and play a role in T-cell activation through association with the T-cell receptor signaling complex and its regulation.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Mitochondrion intermembrane space
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Rfc3
gene id: 10090:Rfc3
uniprot id: Q8R323
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the activator 1 small subunits family.
messages: Heterotetramer of subunits RFC2, RFC3, RFC4 and RFC5 that can form a complex either with RFC1 or with RAD17. The former interacts with PCNA in the presence of ATP, while the latter has ATPase activity but is not stimulated by PCNA (By similarity). Interacts with CNTD1; this interaction facilitates crossover formation (PubMed:32640224).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The elongation of primed DNA templates by DNA polymerase delta and epsilon requires the action of the accessory proteins proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and activator 1.

10090:Mup8
gene id: 10090:Mup8
uniprot id: A2AKN8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Spam1
gene id: 10090:Spam1
uniprot id: P48794
uniprot id: Q5D1J0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 56 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Involved in sperm-egg adhesion. Upon fertilization sperm must first penetrate a layer of cumulus cells that surrounds the egg before reaching the zona pellucida. The cumulus cells are embedded in a matrix containing hyaluronic acid which is formed prior to ovulation. This protein aids in penetrating the layer of cumulus cells by digesting hyaluronic acid.
messages: Membrane

10090:Wfdc2
gene id: 10090:Wfdc2
uniprot id: Q9DAU7
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Broad range protease inhibitor.
messages: Homotrimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Secreted

10090:Tmem119
gene id: 10090:Tmem119
uniprot id: Q8R138
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By parathyroid hormone (PTH) in osteoblasts (at protein level).
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in spermatocytes and spermatids in the developing testis (at protein level). Expressed in the brain, heart, lung, spleen, skeletal muscle, ovary, testis and epididymis (PubMed:26207632). Predominantly expressed in osteoblasts (PubMed:20025746).
messages: Highly expressed in early and late stage osteoblasts of developing embryos (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with SMAD1, SMAD5 and RUNX2.
messages: Mice show a significant decrease in bone formation and bone mineralization and the mineralization defect is independent of calcium and phosphate metabolisms. Testis is smaller, sperm number is significantly decreased and testicular differentiation is perturbed (PubMed:26207632). Significantly reduced cortical thickness in the mid-shaft of the femur at postnatal day 14 (P14), and progressive bone hypoplasia after 8 weeks (PubMed:22416756).
messages: Plays an important role in bone formation and normal bone mineralization (PubMed:26207632, PubMed:22416756, PubMed:20025746). Promotes the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts (PubMed:22416756, PubMed:20025746, PubMed:22579779). May induce the commitment and differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts through an enhancement of BMP2 production and interaction with the BMP-RUNX2 pathway (PubMed:21239498, PubMed:22579779). Up-regulates the expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation (PubMed:24362451). Essential for normal spermatogenesis and late testicular differentiation (PubMed:26207632).

10090:Psmb3
gene id: 10090:Psmb3
uniprot id: Q545G0
uniprot id: Q9R1P1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the proteasome complex.
messages: Component of the proteasome, a multicatalytic proteinase complex which is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. The proteasome has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Detected in liver (at protein level).
messages: Non-catalytic component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7.

10090:Ttc25
gene id: 10090:Ttc25
uniprot id: Q9D4B2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 7.5 dpc, strong expression restricted to the ventral node, the left-right organizer (PubMed:27486780). Up-regulated in tracheal epithelial cells during in vitro differentiation into multiciliated cells (PubMed:25860617).
messages: Component of the outer dynein arm-docking complex (ODA-DC) that mediates outer dynein arms (ODA) binding onto the doublet microtubule. Plays an essential role for the assembly of ODA-DC and for the docking of ODA in ciliary axoneme.
messages: Component of the outer dynein arm-docking complex along with ODAD1, ODAD2, and ODAD3 (By similarity). Interacts with ODAD1; this interaction may facilitate the recruitment and/or attachment of outer dynein arm docking complex proteins, including ODAD1, ODAD3 and ODAD2, to ciliary axonemes (By similarity). Interacts with components of the IFT complex A, including IFT140, TTC21B/IFT139 and WDR19/IFT144, and the IFT complex B, including IFT46, IFT52 and IFT57 (PubMed:25860617).
messages: Heterozygous intercrosses reveal deviation from the Mendelian distribution, with only 6 homozygous out of 53 born mice, suggesting increased death in utero. Most surviving homozygous mice present with small body size, some with hydrocephalus at the age of 2 weeks. They display a variety of left-right body asymmetry defects, including reversal of lung lobation or dextrocardia. At the cell level, the trachea and fallopian tubes of mutant animals show absence of outer dynein arms from the ciliary axonemes, and consequently severe reduction of cilia beating. There is no evidence of short cilia or a reduction in cilia number.
messages: cilium
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Dusp12
gene id: 10090:Dusp12
uniprot id: Q9D0T2
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein-tyrosine phosphatase family. Non-receptor class dual specificity subfamily.
messages: Binds 2 Zn(2+) ions per subunit.
messages: Dual specificity phosphatase; can dephosphorylate both phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine or phosphothreonine residues. Can dephosphorylate glucokinase (in vitro). Has phosphatase activity with the synthetic substrate 6,8-difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate and other in vitro substrates.
messages: Monomer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cytosol

10090:Pgf
gene id: 10090:Pgf
uniprot id: P49764
uniprot id: Q544A5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Antiparallel homodimer; disulfide-linked. Also found as heterodimer with VEGFA/VEGF (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.
messages: Growth factor active in angiogenesis and endothelial cell growth, stimulating their proliferation and migration. It binds to the receptor FLT1/VEGFR-1. Also promotes cell tumor growth (By similarity).
messages: Secreted

10090:H2-M11
gene id: 10090:H2-M11
uniprot id: Q85ZX0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the MHC class I family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Pou5f1
gene id: 10090:Pou5f1
uniprot id: A0A2I6EDI9
uniprot id: P20263
names: Biotechnology
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the POU transcription factor family. Class-5 subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Down-regulated during differentiation to endoderm and mesoderm.
messages: ERK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-106 promotes nuclear exclusion and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation at Thr-228 and Ser-229 decrease DNA-binding and alters ability to activate transcription (By similarity). JNK1/2-mediated phosphorylation at Ser-347 promotes proteasomal degradation (PubMed:29153991).
messages: Expressed the totipotent and pluripotent stem cells of the pregastrulation embryo. Also expressed in primordial germ cells and in the female germ line. Absent from adult tissues.
messages: Interacts with PKM. Interacts with WWP2 (By similarity). Interacts with UBE2I and ZSCAN10 (PubMed:17496161, PubMed:19740739). Interacts with PCGF1 (By similarity). Interacts with ESRRB; recruits ESRRB near the POU5F1-SOX2 element in the NANOG proximal promoter; the interaction is DNA independent (PubMed:18662995). Interacts with ZNF322 (PubMed:24550733). Interacts with MAPK8 and MAPK9; the interaction allows MAPK8 and MAPK9 to phosphorylate POU5F1 on Ser-347 (PubMed:29153991). Interacts (when phosphorylated on Ser-347) with FBXW8 (PubMed:29153991). Interacts with FBXW4 (PubMed:29153991). Interacts with SOX2 and SOX15; binds synergistically with either SOX2 or SOX15 to DNA (PubMed:15863505). Interacts with DDX56 (PubMed:32703285).
messages: Nucleus
messages: POU5F1/OCT4, SOX2, MYC/c-Myc and KLF4 are the four Yamanaka factors. When combined, these factors are sufficient to reprogram differentiated cells to an embryonic-like state designated iPS (induced pluripotent stem) cells. iPS cells exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes.
messages: Repressed by retinoic acid (RA).
messages: Sumoylation enhances the protein stability, DNA binding and transactivation activity. Sumoylation is required for enhanced YES1 expression.
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors.
messages: The POU-specific domain mediates interaction with PKM.
messages: Transcription factor that binds to the octamer motif (5'-ATTTGCAT-3') (PubMed:1972777, PubMed:1690859, PubMed:1967980, PubMed:17525163, PubMed:23376973). Forms a trimeric complex with SOX2 or SOX15 on DNA and controls the expression of a number of genes involved in embryonic development such as YES1, FGF4, UTF1 and ZFP206 (PubMed:15863505, PubMed:17097055, PubMed:17496161, PubMed:19740739). Critical for early embryogenesis and for embryonic stem cell pluripotency (PubMed:1972777, PubMed:1690859, PubMed:17496161, PubMed:18662995, PubMed:19740739, PubMed:29153991, PubMed:23376973, PubMed:32703285).
messages: Ubiquitinated; undergoes 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination by WWP2 leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:Olfr470
gene id: 10090:Olfr470
uniprot id: Q8VF65
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Zfp92
gene id: 10090:Zfp92
uniprot id: Q62396
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Jade3
gene id: 10090:Jade3
uniprot id: Q6IE82
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the JADE family.
messages: Component of the HBO1 complex composed at least of ING4 or ING5, MYST2/HBO1, MEAF6, and one of JADE1, JADE2 and JADE3.
messages: Scaffold subunit of some HBO1 complexes, which have a histone H4 acetyltransferase activity.

10090:Trim44
gene id: 10090:Trim44
uniprot id: Q9QXA7
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed mainly in brain with high level in cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum. Lower expression in kidney, lung and spleen. In brain is detected in the hippocampus, thalamic and pretectal nuclei, substantia nigra, the dorsal part of the medulla, the cerebellum, in the olfactory nucleus, other cortical areas apart from hippocampus and the striatum. Indeed expression is confined in neuronal somata namely in the CA3 region and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, caudate-putamen, parabranchial nucleus, olfactory nucleus, cortex, deep cerebellar nuclei and thalamus. Also highly expressed in the spleen. thymus and testis.
messages: Expression was detected in brain at 14 dpc and 18 dpc. At P5 expression in cerebellum is detected in both the dividing neuroblasts and post-mitotic neurons of the external granular layer as well as in the developing granule neurons of the internal granular layer while the expression in Purkinje cells was lower. At P10 the expression in external and internal granular layers remained strong while at the same time the Purkinje cells also acquired significant level of expression.
messages: Interacts (via coiled coil) with TRIM17 (via coiled coil).
messages: May play a role in the process of differentiation and maturation of neuronal cells (By similarity). May regulate the activity of TRIM17 (By similarity). Is a negative regulator of PAX6 expression (By similarity).

10090:Naip6
gene id: 10090:Naip6
uniprot id: Q9JIB6
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with S.typhimurium (Salmonella) flagellin.
messages: Component of the NLRC4 inflammasome, at least composed of NLRC4, caspase-1 (CASP1) and some NAIP protein.
messages: Sensor component of the NLRC4 inflammasome that specifically recognizes and binds flagellin from pathogenic bacteria. Association of pathogenic bacteria proteins drives in turn drive assembly and activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome, promoting caspase-1 activation, cytokine production and macrophage pyroptosis. The NLRC4 inflammasome is activated as part of the innate immune response to a range of intracellular bacteria (PubMed:21874021). The NLRC4 inflammasome senses Gram-negative bacteria such as L.pneumophila and P.aeruginosa, enteric pathogens S.typhimurium (Salmonella) and S.flexneri. May contribute to prevent motor-neuron apoptosis induced by a variety of signals (By similarity).

10090:Anapc16
gene id: 10090:Anapc16
uniprot id: Q9CPV2
uniprot id: S4R2B6
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the APC16 family.
messages: Component of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase that controls progression through mitosis and the G1 phase of the cell cycle. The APC/C complex acts by mediating ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of target proteins: it mainly mediates the formation of 'Lys-11'-linked polyubiquitin chains and, to a lower extent, the formation of 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The mammalian APC/C is composed at least of 14 distinct subunits ANAPC1, ANAPC2, CDC27/APC3, ANAPC4, ANAPC5, CDC16/APC6, ANAPC7, CDC23/APC8, ANAPC10, ANAPC11, CDC26/APC12, ANAPC13, ANAPC15 and ANAPC16 that assemble into a complex of at least 19 chains with a combined molecular mass of around 1.2 MDa; APC/C interacts with FZR1 and FBXO5. ANAPC16 associates with the rest of the complex independently of ANAPC2 and ANAPC11.
messages: kinetochore

10090:Med4
gene id: 10090:Med4
uniprot id: Q9CQA5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 4 family.
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Mediator is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves as a scaffold for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors (By similarity).
messages: Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of MED1, MED4, MED6, MED7, MED8, MED9, MED10, MED11, MED12, MED13, MED13L, MED14, MED15, MED16, MED17, MED18, MED19, MED20, MED21, MED22, MED23, MED24, MED25, MED26, MED27, MED29, MED30, MED31, CCNC, CDK8 and CDC2L6/CDK11. The MED12, MED13, CCNC and CDK8 subunits form a distinct module termed the CDK8 module. Mediator containing the CDK8 module is less active than Mediator lacking this module in supporting transcriptional activation. Individual preparations of the Mediator complex lacking one or more distinct subunits have been variously termed ARC, CRSP, DRIP, PC2, SMCC and TRAP (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Tgm6
gene id: 10090:Tgm6
uniprot id: Q8BM11
names: Cofactor
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the transglutaminase superfamily. Transglutaminase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.

10090:Fbxo8
gene id: 10090:Fbxo8
uniprot id: Q9QZN3
names: Function
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: High expression in brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, skeletal muscle, testis, and day-7 embryos.
messages: May promote guanine-nucleotide exchange on an ARF. Promotes the activation of ARF through replacement of GDP with GTP (Potential).

10090:Nlgn2
gene id: 10090:Nlgn2
uniprot id: Q69ZK9
uniprot id: Q6PHN2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the type-B carboxylesterase/lipase family.
messages: Brain and arteries. Detected in the retina outer plexiform layer (at protein level). Widely expressed. Detected in heart, brain, spleen, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney and testis.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts with NRXN1, NRXN2 and NRXN3. Interacts (via its C-terminus) with DLG4/PSD-95 (via PDZ domain 3). Interacts with PATJ (By similarity). Interacts with MDGA2 (By similarity). Interacts with GPHN (PubMed:19755106). Interacts with MDGA1 (PubMed:23358245). Found in a complex with MAGI2 and IGSF9B, where it interacts with MAGI2 (via WW 1, WW 2 and PDZ 2 domains) (PubMed:23751499). Identified in a complex of 720 kDa composed of LHFPL4, NLGN2, GABRA1, GABRB2, GABRG2 and GABRB3 (By similarity). Interacts with LHFPL4; leading to mutual regulation of the protein level and synaptic clustering (PubMed:29742426, PubMed:28279354). Interacts with GABRA1 (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: No obvious phenotype, but mice present subtle behavorial changes. Signaling from inhibitory synapses is impaired. In addition, mice have reduced brain volume. Mice lacking both NLGN1 and NLGN2, or NLGN2 and NLGN3, are viable, but have impaired breathing, drastically reduced reproduction rates and striking deficits in raising their offspring. Mice lacking NLGN1, NLGN2 and NLGN3 are born at the expected Mendelian rate, but die shortly after birth due to respiratory failure. They do not show a significant change in the number of synapses, but synapse function is strongly impaired.
messages: Postsynaptic cell membrane
messages: Presynaptic cell membrane
messages: Transmembrane scaffolding protein involved in cell-cell interactions via its interactions with neurexin family members. Mediates cell-cell interactions both in neurons and in other types of cells, such as Langerhans beta cells. Mediates cell-cell interactions between Langerhans beta cells and modulates insulin secretion (By similarity). Plays a role in synapse function and synaptic signal transmission, especially via gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A) receptors). Functions by recruiting and clustering synaptic proteins. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic GABRG2 and GPHN. Promotes clustering of postsynaptic LHFPL4 (PubMed:29742426). Modulates signaling by inhibitory synapses, and thereby plays a role in controlling the ratio of signaling by excitatory and inhibitory synapses and information processing. Required for normal signal amplitude from inhibitory synapses, but is not essential for normal signal frequency. May promote the initial formation of synapses, but is not essential for this. In vitro, triggers the de novo formation of presynaptic structures.

10090:Ncbp2
gene id: 10090:Ncbp2
uniprot id: Q9CQ49
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the RRM NCBP2 family.
messages: Component of the cap-binding complex (CBC), which binds co-transcriptionally to the 5' cap of pre-mRNAs and is involved in various processes such as pre-mRNA splicing, translation regulation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA export. The CBC complex is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus via its interaction with ALYREF/THOC4/ALY, leading to the recruitment of the mRNA export machinery to the 5' end of mRNA and to mRNA export in a 5' to 3' direction through the nuclear pore. The CBC complex is also involved in mediating U snRNA and intronless mRNAs export from the nucleus. The CBC complex is essential for a pioneer round of mRNA translation, before steady state translation when the CBC complex is replaced by cytoplasmic cap-binding protein eIF4E. The pioneer round of mRNA translation mediated by the CBC complex plays a central role in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), NMD only taking place in mRNAs bound to the CBC complex, but not on eIF4E-bound mRNAs. The CBC complex enhances NMD in mRNAs containing at least one exon-junction complex (EJC) via its interaction with UPF1, promoting the interaction between UPF1 and UPF2. The CBC complex is also involved in 'failsafe' NMD, which is independent of the EJC complex, while it does not participate in Staufen-mediated mRNA decay (SMD). During cell proliferation, the CBC complex is also involved in microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis via its interaction with SRRT/ARS2, thereby being required for miRNA-mediated RNA interference. The CBC complex also acts as a negative regulator of PARN, thereby acting as an inhibitor of mRNA deadenylation. In the CBC complex, NCBP2/CBP20 recognizes and binds capped RNAs (m7GpppG-capped RNA) but requires NCBP1/CBP80 to stabilize the movement of its N-terminal loop and lock the CBC into a high affinity cap-binding state with the cap structure. The conventional cap-binding complex with NCBP2 binds both small nuclear RNA (snRNA) and me…
messages: Component of the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC), a heterodimer composed of NCBP1/CBP80 and NCBP2/CBP20 that interacts with m7GpppG-capped RNA (By similarity). Found in a U snRNA export complex with PHAX/RNUXA, NCBP1/CBP80, NCBP2/CBP20, RAN, XPO1 and m7G-capped RNA (PubMed:10786834). Interacts with PHAX/RNUXA, EIF4G1, HNRNPF, HNRNPH1 and ALYREF/THOC4/ALY (By similarity). Interacts with SRRT/ARS2 and KPNA3 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus

10090:Lztfl1
gene id: 10090:Lztfl1
uniprot id: Q9JHQ5
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the LZTFL1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Expressed in brain, cerebellum, eye, heart, kidney, liver, lung and trachea. In small intestine, graded expression along the crypt-villus axis with high levels in the villus apex and lower levels in the crypt stem cells (at protein level). Not expressed in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue.
messages: In hippocampus, up-regulated by exercise training.
messages: Regulates ciliary localization of the BBSome complex. Together with the BBSome complex, controls SMO ciliary trafficking and contributes to the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway regulation. May play a role in neurite outgrowth. May have tumor suppressor function.
messages: Self-associates. Interacts with BBS9; the interaction mediates the association of LZTL1 with the BBsome complex and regulates BBSome ciliary trafficking.

10090:Pts
gene id: 10090:Pts
uniprot id: Q9R1Z7
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PTPS family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:9894812). Homohexamer formed of two homotrimers in a head to head fashion.
messages: Involved in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, an essential cofactor of aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. Catalyzes the transformation of 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate into 6-pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin.
messages: Phosphorylation of Ser-18 is required for maximal enzyme activity.
messages: The active site is at the interface between 2 subunits. The proton acceptor Cys is on one subunit, and the charge relay system is on the other subunit.

10090:Dyrk2
gene id: 10090:Dyrk2
uniprot id: Q5U4C9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Activated by autophosphorylation on the second tyrosine residue in the Tyr-X-Tyr motif in the activation loop.
messages: Autophosphorylates cotranslationally on the second tyrosine residue in the Tyr-X-Tyr motif in the activation loop, but once mature, does not have any protein tyrosine kinase activity. Phosphorylated at Thr-104 and Ser-440 by ATM in response to genotoxic stress.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MNB/DYRK subfamily.
messages: Component of an E3 ligase complex containing DYRK2, EDD/UBR5, DDB1 and DCAF1 (EDVP complex). Interacts directly with EDD/UBR5, DDB1 and DCAF1. Interacts with SIAH2 and MDM2. Interacts with MAP3K10 and NFATC1. May also interact with CCNL2 (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in the regulation of the mitotic cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis, organization of the cytoskeleton and neurite outgrowth. Functions in part via its role in ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal protein degradation. Functions downstream of ATM and phosphorylates p53/TP53 at 'Ser-46', and thereby contributes to the induction of apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Phosphorylates NFATC1, and thereby inhibits its accumulation in the nucleus and its transcription factor activity. Phosphorylates EIF2B5 at 'Ser-544', enabling its subsequent phosphorylation and inhibition by GSK3B. Likewise, phosphorylation of NFATC1, CRMP2/DPYSL2 and CRMP4/DPYSL3 promotes their subsequent phosphorylation by GSK3B. May play a general role in the priming of GSK3 substrates. Inactivates GYS1 by phosphorylation at 'Ser-641', and potentially also a second phosphorylation site, thus regulating glycogen synthesis. Mediates EDVP E3 ligase complex formation and is required for the phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of KATNA1. Phosphorylates TERT at 'Ser-457', promoting TERT ubiquitination by the EDVP complex. Phosphorylates SIAH2, and thereby increases its ubiquitin ligase activity. Promotes the proteasomal degradation of MYC and JUN, and thereby regulates progress through the mitotic cell cycle and cell proliferation. Promotes proteasomal degradation of GLI2 and GLI3, and thereby plays a role in smoothened and sonic hedgehog signaling. Phosphorylates CRMP2/DPYSL2, CRMP4/DPYSL3, DCX, EIF2B5, EIF4EBP1, GLI2, GLI3, GYS1, JUN, MDM2, MYC, NFATC1, p53/TP53, TAU/MAPT and KATNA1. Can phosphorylate histone H1, histone H3 and histone H2B (in vitro). Can phosphorylate CARHSP1 (in vitro) (By similarity). Plays a role in cytoskeleton organization and neurite outgrowth via its phosphorylation of DCX.
messages: Under normal conditions, polyubiquitinated in the nucleus by MDM2, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation on Thr-104 and Ser-440 by ATM in response to genotoxic stress disrupts MDM2 binding and prevents MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated by SIAH2, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Polyubiquitinated by SIAH2 occurs under normal conditions, and is enhanced in response to hypoxia.

10090:Hes5
gene id: 10090:Hes5
uniprot id: P70120
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Has a particular type of basic domain (presence of a helix-interrupting proline) that binds to the N-box (CACNAG), rather than the canonical E-box (CANNTG).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The C-terminal WRPW motif is a transcriptional repression domain necessary for the interaction with Groucho/TLE family members, transcriptional corepressors recruited to specific target DNA by Hairy-related proteins.
messages: Transcription repression requires formation of a complex with a corepressor protein of the Groucho/TLE family.
messages: Transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. Plays an important role as neurogenesis negative regulator.

10090:Strada
gene id: 10090:Strada
uniprot id: Q3UUJ4
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
messages: Component of a trimeric complex composed of STK11/LKB1, STRAD (STRADA or STRADB) and CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta): the complex tethers STK11/LKB1 in the cytoplasm and stimulates its catalytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Pseudokinase which, in complex with CAB39/MO25 (CAB39/MO25alpha or CAB39L/MO25beta), binds to and activates STK11/LKB1. Adopts a closed conformation typical of active protein kinases and binds STK11/LKB1 as a pseudosubstrate, promoting conformational change of STK11/LKB1 in an active conformation (By similarity).
messages: The protein kinase domain is predicted to be catalytically inactive.

10090:H3c14
gene id: 10090:H3c14
uniprot id: B9EI85
uniprot id: P84228
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.
messages: Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the histone H3 family.
messages: Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.
messages: Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (By similarity). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).
messages: Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.
messages: Hydroxybutyrylation of histones is induced by starvation. It is linked to gene activation and may replace histone acetylation on the promoter of specific genes in response to fasting.
messages: Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.
messages: Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression (By similarity).
messages: Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.
messages: Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage. Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L. H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac).
messages: Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).
messages: Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes. It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation. Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (By similarity). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation. This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (By similarity). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination.

10090:Srp68
gene id: 10090:Srp68
uniprot id: Q8BMA6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the SRP68 family.
messages: Component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) complex, a ribonucleoprotein complex that mediates the cotranslational targeting of secretory and membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (By similarity). The SRP complex interacts with the signal sequence in nascent secretory and membrane proteins and directs them to the membrane of the ER (By similarity). The SRP complex targets the ribosome-nascent chain complex to the SRP receptor (SR), which is anchored in the ER, where SR compaction and GTPase rearrangement drive cotranslational protein translocation into the ER (By similarity). Binds the signal recognition particle RNA (7SL RNA), SRP72 binds to this complex subsequently (By similarity). The SRP complex possibly participates in the elongation arrest function (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Heterodimer with SRP72 (By similarity). SRP68/SRP72 heterodimer formation is stabilized by the presence of 7SL RNA (By similarity). Component of a signal recognition particle (SRP) complex that consists of a 7SL RNA molecule of 300 nucleotides and six protein subunits: SRP72, SRP68, SRP54, SRP19, SRP14 and SRP9 (By similarity). Within the SRP complex, interacts (via C-terminus) with SRP72 (via N-terminus) (By similarity).
messages: The N-terminus is required for RNA-binding.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Scgb2b24
gene id: 10090:Scgb2b24
uniprot id: D2XZ39
uniprot id: Q7M747
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the secretoglobin family.
messages: Expressed in lacrimal gland, at higher level in males than females.
messages: Secreted

10090:Olfr48
gene id: 10090:Olfr48
uniprot id: Q8VGN4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Fam25c
gene id: 10090:Fam25c
uniprot id: Q8CF02
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM25 family.

10090:Rimklb
gene id: 10090:Rimklb
uniprot id: Q80WS1
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RimK family.
messages: Binds 2 magnesium or manganese ions per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the synthesis of beta-citryl-L-glutamate and N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate. Beta-citryl-L-glutamate is synthesized more efficiently than N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate (NAAG) is the most abundant dipeptide present in vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). Beta-citryl-L-glutamate, a structural analog of NAAG, is present in testis and immature brain.
messages: Strongly expressed in brain and testis. Expressed in eyes, thymus, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle, spleen, skin and heart. Expressed in neurons of the neocortex, the gray matter and Purkinje cells.

10090:Coro6
gene id: 10090:Coro6
uniprot id: B9EIZ7
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the WD repeat coronin family.

10090:Kdm4d
gene id: 10090:Kdm4d
uniprot id: Q3U2K5
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the JHDM3 histone demethylase family.
messages: Binds 1 Fe(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3, thereby playing a central role in histone code. Does not demethylate histone H3 'Lys-4', H3 'Lys-27', H3 'Lys-36' nor H4 'Lys-20'. Demethylates both di- and trimethylated H3 'Lys-9' residue, while it has no activity on monomethylated residues. Demethylation of Lys residue generates formaldehyde and succinate.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Hps5
gene id: 10090:Hps5
uniprot id: E9Q3X4
uniprot id: P59438
uniprot id: Q640Q9
names: Disease Annotation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the HPS5 family.
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (or BLOC2) composed of HPS3, HPS5 and HPS6.
messages: Component of the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex-2 (or BLOC2) composed of HPS3, HPS5 and HPS6. Interacts with HPS6 and HPS3. May interact with all alpha-integrin chains that have an aromatic residue before the first lysine of the conserved KXGFFKR motif, including ITGA2, ITGA3, ITGA5 and ITGA6.
messages: Defects in Hps5 are the cause of Hermansky-Pudlak-like syndrome, a syndrome characterized by hypopigmented eyes and coat, melanosomes greatly reduced in number and morphologically bizarre, kidney proximal tubules secreting lysosomal enzymes into urine at greatly reduced rates, platelet dense granules deficient in critical components, such as serotonin and adenine nucleotides, leading to functionally abnormal platelets and prolonged bleeding times, and mast cell granules undergoing unregulated 'kiss-and-run' fusion at the plasma membrane.
messages: May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules.
messages: May regulate the synthesis and function of lysosomes and of highly specialized organelles, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Regulates intracellular vesicular trafficking in fibroblasts. May be involved in the regulation of general functions of integrins.
messages: Widely expressed, with lowest expression in skeletal muscle and spleen.
messages: cytosol

10090:Klf12
gene id: 10090:Klf12
uniprot id: O35738
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the Sp1 C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Confers strong transcriptional repression to the AP-2-alpha gene. Binds to a regulatory element (A32) in the AP-2-alpha gene promoter.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 9aaTAD motif is a transactivation domain present in a large number of yeast and animal transcription factors. In KLF12, the motif is inactive.

10090:Vstm5
gene id: 10090:Vstm5
uniprot id: Q9D806
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Can homooligomerize through cis interactions within the same cell membrane.
messages: Cell adhesion-like membrane protein of the central nervous system (CNS) which modulates both the position and complexity of central neurons by altering their membrane morphology and dynamics. Involved in the formation of neuronal dendrites and protrusions including dendritic filopodia. In synaptogenesis, regulates synapse formation by altering dendritic spine morphology and actin distribution. Promotes formation of unstable neuronal spines such as thin and branched types. Regulates neuronal morphogenesis and migration during cortical development in the brain.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in the ventral spinal cord, with strong expression in a subset of motor neurons, and in a subset of sensory neurons at embryonic day (E) 15.5 (PubMed:25826454). In the developing brain, expressed at low levels on 11 dpc, rapidly increasing to peak at postnatal day (P) 1, a period corresponding to the early stage of postmitotic neuronal differentiation when neuronal morphogenesis or synapse formation occurs, and then gradually decreasing (PubMed:27683913).
messages: Highly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), with the highest expression in thalamus, hippocampus, cerebrum, midbrain and spinal cord. Also highly expressed in stomach, kidney and small intestine.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: RNAi-mediated knockdown mice have significantly lower density of dendritic filopodia and dendritic spines in embryonic hippocampal neurons. Lower density of excitatory synapses and significantly decreased dendritic spine to shaft ratio of F-actin in the later stages of neuron development. Aberrant neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex of developing mouse embryo. Neurons settle in the marginal zone (MZ) closer to the pial side and the corresponding percentage of neurons is decreased in the dense cortical plate (dCP), reflecting the overmigration of those neurons. Neurons in the upper cortical plate (UCP) result in a small but significant reduction in both the number of dendrites and average dendrite length. Neurons of embryonic brains show much lower levels of spines with the density of mushroom spines markedly decreased.
messages: axon
messages: dendrite

10090:Pcdhb14
gene id: 10090:Pcdhb14
uniprot id: Q6PB90
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein. May be involved in the establishment and maintenance of specific neuronal connections in the brain.

10090:Ormdl1
gene id: 10090:Ormdl1
uniprot id: Q921I0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the ORM family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Negative regulator of sphingolipid synthesis.

10090:Dtx2
gene id: 10090:Dtx2
uniprot id: A0A0R4IZY1
uniprot id: Q8R3P2
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the Deltex family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in testis and the CNS.
messages: Homodimer. May form a heterodimer with other members of the Deltex family. Interacts with NOTCH1.
messages: In the CNS, it is expressed in the developing neural tube starting from 10.5 dpc in the spinal cord and around 11.5 dpc in the telencephalon. Expressed ubiquitously throughout the spinal cord and telencephalon during neurogenesis. Expressed throughout the developing retina at 15.5 dpc. Not expressed in the somite or presomite during somitogenesis. Expressed slightly earlier that Dtx1 and Dtx3.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Recurrent site of retroviral integration in murine B-cell lymphomas.
messages: Regulator of Notch signaling, a signaling pathway involved in cell-cell communications that regulates a broad spectrum of cell-fate determinations. Probably acts both as a positive and negative regulator of Notch, depending on the developmental and cell context. Mediates the antineural activity of Notch, possibly by inhibiting the transcriptional activation mediated by MATCH1. Functions as a ubiquitin ligase protein in vitro, suggesting that it may regulate the Notch pathway via some ubiquitin ligase activity (By similarity).
messages: Splicing donor site not canonical.
messages: The WWE domains are thought to mediate some protein-protein interaction, and are frequently found in ubiquitin ligases.

10090:Zfp786
gene id: 10090:Zfp786
uniprot id: Q8BV42
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ric3
gene id: 10090:Ric3
uniprot id: D3YTZ9
uniprot id: Q8BPM6
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ric-3 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in brain, with highest levels in hippocampus, cerebellum and superior colliculus.
messages: Molecular chaperone which promotes the proper subunit assembly and surface trafficking of alpha-7 (CHRNA7) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (PubMed:19812337, PubMed:32204458). Promotes the proper subunit assembly and cell surface expression of alpha-8 (CHRNA8) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (By similarity). May also promote functional expression of homomeric serotoninergic 5-HT3 receptors, and of heteromeric acetylcholine receptors alpha-3/beta-2, alpha-3/beta-4, alpha-4/beta-2 and alpha-4/beta-4 (By similarity).
messages: Monomer and homodimer. Interacts with CHRNA7, CHRNA3, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CHRNB4 and HTR3A (By similarity).
messages: The coiled-coil domain mediates transient homodimerization with other acetylcholine receptor-bound RIC3 molecules, promoting stepwise ACHR homomeric assembly at the membrane.

10090:Glrx5
gene id: 10090:Glrx5
uniprot id: Q80Y14
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutaredoxin family. Monothiol subfamily.
messages: Detected in bone, liver, muscle and kidney.
messages: Homodimer. Interacts with ISCU. Interacts with BOLA1.
messages: Mitochondrion matrix
messages: Monothiol glutaredoxin involved in mitochondrial iron-sulfur (Fe/S) cluster transfer (PubMed:19442627). Receives 2Fe/2S clusters from scaffold protein ISCU and mediates their transfer to apoproteins, to the 4Fe/FS cluster biosynthesis machinery, or export from mitochondrion (By similarity). Required for normal regulation of hemoglobin synthesis by the iron-sulfur protein ACO1 (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed at 7.5 dpc. At 8.5 dpc, preferential expression in yolk sac blood islands. Progressive down-regulation in maturing primitive red cells between 10.5 and 12.5 dpc. High expression in fetal liver at 12.5 dpc.

10090:Tmed7
gene id: 10090:Tmed7
uniprot id: D3YZZ5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the EMP24/GP25L family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: cis-Golgi network membrane

10090:Bpnt1
gene id: 10090:Bpnt1
uniprot id: A0A1B0GRV0
uniprot id: D3Z0E6
uniprot id: Q9Z0S1
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the inositol monophosphatase superfamily.
messages: Converts adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) and 3'(2')-phosphoadenosine 5'- phosphate (PAP) to AMP. Has 1000-fold lower activity towards inositol 1,4-bisphosphate (Ins(1,4)P2) and inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4)P3), but does not hydrolyze Ins(1)P, Ins(3,4)P2, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 or InsP6.
messages: Uncompetitive inhibition by micromolar concentrations of lithium. Competitive inhibition by inositol 1,4-bisphosphate.
messages: Widely expressed. Highly expressed in kidney.

10090:Olfr732
gene id: 10090:Olfr732
uniprot id: Q8VFT5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mapre1
gene id: 10090:Mapre1
uniprot id: Q3U4H0
uniprot id: Q61166
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylation at Lys-220 by KAT2B/PCAF promotes dynamic kinetochore-microtubule interactions in early mitosis.
messages: Belongs to the MAPRE family.
messages: Composed of two functionally independent domains. The N-terminal domain forms a hydrophobic cleft involved in microtubule binding and the C-terminal is involved in the formation of mutually exclusive complexes with APC and DCTN1.
messages: Crotonylated by KAT5 during mitosis, promoting astral microtubule plasticity and dynamic connection between astral microtubules and the cortex during mitotic chromosome segregation, thereby ensuring accurate spindle positioning in mitosis. Decrotonylated by HDAC3.
messages: Expressed within the midpiece of sperm tail (at protein level).
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Heterodimer with MAPRE3 (By similarity). Interacts with APC (via C-terminal domain), DCTN1, DIAPH1, DIAPH2 (PubMed:15311282). Interacts with DCTN2, TERF1 and dynein intermediate chain (By similarity). Interacts with CLASP2, DST, KIF2C and STIM1; probably required for their targeting to the growing microtubule plus ends (By similarity). Interacts with MTUS2; interaction is direct and probably targets MTUS2 to microtubules (By similarity). Interacts with APC2 (By similarity). Interacts with CLASP1 (By similarity). Interacts (via C-terminus) with CLIP1 (By similarity). Interacts with SLAIN2 and SLAIN1 (PubMed:21646404). Interacts with MACF1 (PubMed:18854161). Interacts with KIF18B; this interaction is required for efficient accumulation of KIF18B at microtubule plus ends (By similarity). Interacts with MISP (By similarity). Interacts with RABL2/RABL2A; binds preferentially to GTP-bound RABL2 (PubMed:23055941). Interacts with KCNAB2 (PubMed:21357749). Interacts with KNSTRN (By similarity). Interacts with NCKAP5L (By similarity). Interacts with AKAP9 (By similarity). Interacts with PDE4DIP isoform 2/MMG8/SMYLE; this interaction is required for its recruitment to the Golgi apparatus. May form a pericentrosomal complex with AKAP9, CDK5RAP2 and PDE4DIP isoform 2/MMG8/SMYLE; within this complex, MAPRE1 binding to CDK5RAP2 may be mediated by PDE4DIP (By similarity). Contrary to other mammalian species, does not interact with CDK5RAP2, possibly due to the lack of conservation of the MAPRE1-binding motif in mouse CDK5RAP2 (PubMed:19553473). Interacts with AKNA (PubMed:30787442). Interacts with GAS2L1, GAS2L2, and GAS2L3 (PubMed:24706950). Interacts with RARRES1 and AGBL2 (By similarity).
messages: Plus-end tracking protein (+TIP) that binds to the plus-end of microtubules and regulates the dynamics of the microtubule cytoskeleton. Promotes cytoplasmic microtubule nucleation and elongation. Involved in mitotic spindle positioning by stabilizing microtubules and promoting dynamic connection between astral microtubules and the cortex during mitotic chromosome segregation. Also acts as a regulator of minus-end microtubule organization: interacts with the complex formed by AKAP9 and PDE4DIP, leading to recruit CAMSAP2 to the Golgi apparatus, thereby tethering non-centrosomal minus-end microtubules to the Golgi, an important step for polarized cell movement. Promotes elongation of CAMSAP2-decorated microtubule stretches on the minus-end of microtubules. Acts as a regulator of autophagosome transport via interaction with CAMSAP2 (By similarity). May play a role in cell migration (PubMed:15311282).
messages: centrosome
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: spindle
messages: spindle pole

10090:Mylpf
gene id: 10090:Mylpf
uniprot id: P97457
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subunit
messages: Deficient mice completely lack skeletal muscle and die immediately after birth because of respiratory failure.
messages: Myosin is a hexamer of 2 heavy chains and 4 light chains.
messages: Myosin regulatory subunit that plays an essential role to maintain muscle integrity during early development (PubMed:17356007). Plays a role in regulation of muscle contraction (By similarity).
messages: This chain binds calcium.

10090:Kcnip2
gene id: 10090:Kcnip2
uniprot id: Q9JJ69
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the recoverin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Component of heteromultimeric potassium channels (PubMed:19713751, PubMed:20943905). Identified in potassium channel complexes containing KCND1, KCND2, KCND3, KCNIP1, KCNIP2, KCNIP3, KCNIP4, DPP6 and DPP10 (PubMed:19713751). The KCND2-KCNIP2 channel complex contains four KCND2 and four KCNIP2 subunits. Probably part of a complex consisting of KCNIP1, KCNIP2 isoform 3 and KCND2. At least isoform 2 and isoform 3 can self-associate to form homodimers and homotetramers. Isoform 3 interacts with KCNIP1 in a calcium-dependent manner (By similarity). Interacts with KCND2 (PubMed:20943905). Isoform 1 and isoform 3 interact with KCND3 isoform 1.
messages: Detected in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:23713033). Expressed in brain. Highly expressed in layer IV of the cerebral cortex and in striatum and hippocampus, but expressed at low levels in cerebellum. Also expressed in heart. According to PubMed:11747815 expressed in heart at much higher levels than in brain with a preferential expression in the myocardium.
messages: Mice appear healthy and show no signs of cardiac dysmorphogenesis, contractile dysfunction, hypertrophy, or heart failure but are highly susceptible to the induction of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, including arrhythmia (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). Myocytes show a complete and selective loss of I(To) current in the heart (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). This is due to the loss of KCND2 protein in the heart ventricles (PubMed:23713033).
messages: Palmitoylated. Palmitoylation enhances association with the plasma membrane.
messages: Regulatory subunit of Kv4/D (Shal)-type voltage-gated rapidly inactivating A-type potassium channels. Modulates channel density, inactivation kinetics and rate of recovery from inactivation in a calcium-dependent and isoform-specific manner (PubMed:20943905, PubMed:23713033). In vitro, modulates KCND2/Kv4.2 and KCND3/Kv4.3 currents. Involved in KCND2 and KCND3 trafficking to the cell surface. Essential for the expression of I(To) currents in the heart (PubMed:11747815, PubMed:23713033). Required for normal protein levels of KCND2 in the heart ventricle (PubMed:23713033).

10090:Ranbp6
gene id: 10090:Ranbp6
uniprot id: A3KMD2
uniprot id: Q8BIV3
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the importin beta family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May function in nuclear protein import as nuclear transport receptor.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Nle1
gene id: 10090:Nle1
uniprot id: Q3URT5
uniprot id: Q8VEJ4
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Embryonic lethality prior to 6.5 dpc with death of inner mass cells. Embryos implant but die shortly after.
messages: Expression detected in the embryo at 7.0 dpc, 11.0 dpc and 15.0 dpc and also in the adult.
messages: Highest expression in heart, brain, lung, liver, skeletal muscle and testis with lower levels in spleen and kidney.
messages: Plays a role in regulating Notch activity (Probable). Plays a role in regulating the expression of CDKN1A and several members of the Wnt pathway, probably via its effects on Notch activity. Required during embryogenesis for inner mass cell survival.
messages: nucleolus

10090:Prdm9
gene id: 10090:Prdm9
uniprot id: E9Q4V2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus

10090:Olfr919
gene id: 10090:Olfr919
uniprot id: Q8VF78
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Mettl11b
gene id: 10090:Mettl11b
uniprot id: B2RXM4
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Alpha N-methyltransferase that methylates the N-terminus of target proteins containing the N-terminal motif [Ala/Pro/Ser]-Pro-Lys when the initiator Met is cleaved. Specifically catalyzes monomethylation of exposed alpha-amino group of Ala or Ser residue in the [Ala/Ser]-Pro-Lys motif and Pro in the Pro-Pro-Lys motif. Predominantly functions as a mono-methyltransferase but is also able to di-/tri-methylate the GPKRIA peptide and di-methylate the PPKRIA peptide (in vitro). May activate NTMT1 by priming its substrates for trimethylation.
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily. NTM1 family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Gata5
gene id: 10090:Gata5
uniprot id: P97489
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcription factor required during cardiovascular development (By similarity). Plays an important role in the transcriptional program(s) that underlies smooth muscle cell diversity (PubMed:9119112). Binds to the functionally important CEF-1 nuclear protein binding site in the cardiac-specific slow/cardiac troponin C transcriptional enhancer (By similarity).

10090:Cenpm
gene id: 10090:Cenpm
uniprot id: Q9CQA0
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC (nucleosome-associated) complex, a complex that plays a central role in assembly of kinetochore proteins, mitotic progression and chromosome segregation. The CENPA-NAC complex recruits the CENPA-CAD (nucleosome distal) complex and may be involved in incorporation of newly synthesized CENPA into centromeres (By similarity).
messages: Component of the CENPA-NAC complex, at least composed of CENPA, CENPC, CENPH, CENPM, CENPN, CENPT and CENPU. The CENPA-NAC complex interacts with the CENPA-CAD complex, composed of CENPI, CENPK, CENPL, CENPO, CENPP, CENPQ, CENPR and CENPS (By similarity).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: kinetochore

10090:Cd200
gene id: 10090:Cd200
uniprot id: Q80VX2
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr574
gene id: 10090:Olfr574
uniprot id: F8VQ18
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Olfr486
gene id: 10090:Olfr486
uniprot id: Q8VFD0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Potential odorant receptor.

10090:Ablim2
gene id: 10090:Ablim2
uniprot id: E9Q0W6
uniprot id: E9Q4K0
uniprot id: Q8BL65
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At 15.5 dpc, predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle tissue, including diaphragm, and to a lesser extent in the central nervous system.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in brain. Highly expressed in caudate/putamen, moderately expressed in the olfactory bulb. In the hippocampus, expressed in the CA1, CA2 and CA3 fields. In the cerebellum, expressed in Purkinje cells.
messages: Interacts with F-actin and ABRA.
messages: May act as scaffold protein. May stimulate ABRA activity and ABRA-dependent SRF transcriptional activity.

10090:Baiap2l1
gene id: 10090:Baiap2l1
uniprot id: Q9DBJ3
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Detected in bladder, liver, testes, heart, lung, spleen, brain and skeletal muscle (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with RAC1. Binds to F-actin. Interacts with FASLG (By similarity).
messages: May function as adapter protein. Involved in the formation of clusters of actin bundles. Plays a role in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in response to bacterial infection (By similarity).
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine in response to insulin.
messages: The IMD domain is predicted to have a helical structure. It may induce actin bundling and filopodia formation (By similarity).
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Pik3r6
gene id: 10090:Pik3r6
uniprot id: Q3U6Q4
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Heterodimer of a catalytic subunit (PIK3CG) and a regulatory (PIK3R6) subunit. The binding of PIK3R6 to PIK3CG may exclude the binding of PIK3R5 to PIK3CG (PubMed:16476736, PubMed:15797027). Interacts with beta-gamma G protein dimers (PubMed:16476736). Interacts with PDE3B and RAPGEF3; form a signaling complex that regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma in angiogenesis (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed in heart. In a lower extent, also expressed in brain, spleen, lung, liver, kidney, prostate, thyroid, salivary gland, dendritic cells, macrophages and neutrophils.
messages: Regulatory subunit of the PI3K gamma complex. Acts as an adapter to drive activation of PIK3CG by beta-gamma G protein dimers. The PIK3CG:PIK3R6 heterodimer is much less sensitive to beta-gamma G proteins than PIK3CG:PIK3R5 and its membrane recruitment and beta-gamma G protein dimer-dependent activation requires HRAS bound to PIK3CG. Recruits of the PI3K gamma complex to a PDE3B:RAPGEF3 signaling complex involved in angiogenesis; signaling seems to involve RRAS.

10090:Xylt1
gene id: 10090:Xylt1
uniprot id: F8VPK6
uniprot id: Q811B1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 14 family. XylT subfamily.
messages: Catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate proteoglycans, such as DCN. Transfers D-xylose from UDP-D-xylose to specific serine residues of the core protein. Required for normal maturation of chondrocytes during bone development, normal onset of ossification and normal embryonic and postnatal skeleton development, especially of the long bones.
messages: Contains 7 disulfide bonds.
messages: Detected in brain, spleen, kidney and testis, and at low levels in skeletal muscle.
messages: Detected in embryonic chondrocytes in humerus and ulna during embryonic bone development. Not detected in mature bone.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Fam72a
gene id: 10090:Fam72a
uniprot id: Q8BFZ8
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAM72 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed at high levels in stomach and also in kidney and, at low levels, in heart (at protein level). In the stomach, highly expressed in foveolar cells, parietal cells and chief cells (at protein level). In kidney, expressed in endothelial cells, mesangial and epithelial cells (parietal and visceral epithelium) around glomerulus (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with UNG.
messages: May play a role in the regulation of cellular reactive oxygen species metabolism. May participate in cell growth regulation (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Txlng
gene id: 10090:Txlng
uniprot id: Q3TS51
uniprot id: Q3TT61
uniprot id: Q8BHN1
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: At 16.5 dpc, expressed in osteoblasts surrounding newly formed trabecular bone. At postnatal day 2, detected in most osteoblasts and lining cells, and also strongly expressed in osteocytes. By postnatal week 4, strongly expressed in osteocytes (at protein level).
messages: Belongs to the taxilin family.
messages: Binds to the C-terminal coiled coil region of syntaxin family members STX1A, STX3A and STX4A (By similarity). Forms a heterodimer with ATF4 in osteoblasts.
messages: By LPS.
messages: May be involved in intracellular vesicle traffic (By similarity). Inhibits ATF4-mediated transcription, possibly by dimerizing with ATF4 to form inactive dimers that cannot bind DNA. May be involved in regulating bone mass density through an ATF4-dependent pathway. May be involved in cell cycle progression.
messages: Nucleus membrane
messages: cytosol

10090:Pithd1
gene id: 10090:Pithd1
uniprot id: Q8BWR2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the PITHD1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Promotes megakaryocyte differentiation by up-regulating RUNX1 expression (PubMed:25134913). Regulates RUNX1 expression by activating the proximal promoter of the RUNX1 gene and by enhancing the translation activity of an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) element in the RUNX1 gene (By similarity).

10090:Tpi1
gene id: 10090:Tpi1
uniprot id: P17751
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the triosephosphate isomerase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: It is also responsible for the non-negligible production of methylglyoxal a reactive cytotoxic side-product that modifies and can alter proteins, DNA and lipids.
messages: Triosephosphate isomerase is an extremely efficient metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion between dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.

10090:Bves
gene id: 10090:Bves
uniprot id: Q9ES83
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the popeye family.
messages: Cell adhesion molecule involved in the establishment and/or maintenance of cell integrity. Involved in the formation and regulation of the tight junction (TJ) paracellular permeability barrier in epithelial cells (PubMed:16188940). Plays a role in VAMP3-mediated vesicular transport and recycling of different receptor molecules through its interaction with VAMP3 (PubMed:20057356). Plays a role in the regulation of cell shape and movement by modulating the Rho-family GTPase activity through its interaction with ARHGEF25/GEFT (PubMed:18541910). Induces primordial adhesive contact and aggregation of epithelial cells in a Ca(2+)-independent manner. Also involved in striated muscle regeneration and repair and in the regulation of cell spreading (PubMed:11839816). Important for the maintenance of cardiac function. Plays a regulatory function in heart rate dynamics mediated, at least in part, through cAMP-binding and, probably, by increasing cell surface expression of the potassium channel KCNK2 and enhancing current density (PubMed:26642364). Is a caveolae-associated protein important for the preservation of caveolae structural and functional integrity as well as for heart protection against ischemia injury (PubMed:24066022).
messages: Expressed in epithelial cells, skeletal muscle, heart and intestinal smooth muscle (at protein level). Expressed in fetal and adult heart and skeletal muscle.
messages: Expressed in the mesoderm of the cardiac crescent at 9.5 dpc. Expressed in cardiac myocytes of the sinoatrial compartment and some restricted areas of the dorsal part of the ventricle chambers at 10.5 dpc and 12.5 dpc. Expressed in branchial arches, myotome and in a posterior domain in the limb at 10.5 dpc. Expressed in the heart, mainly in the compact layer myocardium, peridigital mesenchyme, the somites of the tail bud, the smooth muscle cells of the trachea and the developing bronchial tree, the smooth muscle cells lining the digestive tract, the dorsal root ganglia and the pancreas anlage at 13.5 dpc (at protein level). Expressed in the sinoatrial compartment and some restricted areas in the dorsal part of the ventricle at 9.5 dpc, 10.5 dpc and 11.5 dpc. At 12.5 dpc, expression was observed in the ventral half of the ventricle where it was limited to the subepicardial compact layer.
messages: Homodimer. Homodimerization requires the C-terminus cytoplasmic region (By similarity). Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with TJP1. Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with ARHGEF25/GEFT (via the DH domain). Interacts (via the C-terminus cytoplasmic tail) with VAMP3. Interacts with KCNK2; the interaction enhances KCNK2 surface expression and is inhibited by cAMP (PubMed:22354168, PubMed:26642364). Interacts with CAV3 (PubMed:24066022).
messages: Lateral cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: Skeletal muscle regeneration appears to be less efficient and delayed (PubMed:11839816). Knockout mice are deficient to adapt heart rate to physiological stress, this deficiency develops in older mice. They show severe sinus node dysfunction with long pauses and intercurrent periods of normal synus rhythm. The sinus node structure is abnormal with a loss of pacemaker tissue from the inferior part of the sinus node and a compact structure of the superior sinus node (PubMed:22354168). They have inpaired functional recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury (PubMed:24066022).
messages: caveola
messages: sarcolemma
messages: tight junction

10090:Zbp1
gene id: 10090:Zbp1
uniprot id: Q9QY24
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with murid herpesvirus protein RIR1 (via RIP homotypic interaction motif); leading to inhibition of ZBP1-dependent necroptosis.
messages: (Microbial infection) Interacts with vaccinia virus E3 protein; leading to inhibit ZBP1-dependent necroptosis.
messages: According to a report, mice lacking Zbp1 display reductions in respiratory epithelial damage and lung inflammation (PubMed:27917412). However, the virus persists and replicates in the infected cells leading to a delay in recovery from infection, but the animals are protected from mortality (PubMed:27917412). In contrast, another article reported increased mortality in knockout mice, probably caused by increased virus burden (PubMed:27746097). However, as this study did not assess the inflammatory response in the lungs, it is difficult to compare ZBP1 regulation of lung inflammation between these two studies (PubMed:27746097).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in lung, spleen and liver. Lower levels were seen in heart, kidney and testis. Expression is greatly up-regulated in tumor stromal cells and activated macrophages.
messages: Expression is activated by IRF1 (PubMed:29321274). Up-regulated following interferon treatment (PubMed:10564822, PubMed:29073079). By lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (PubMed:10564822).
messages: Homodimer (PubMed:18375758). Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with RIPK3; leading to RIPK3 activation and necroptosis; interaction is enhanced by CASP6 (PubMed:19590578, PubMed:22423968, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682, PubMed:28607035, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32298652). Interacts (via RIP homotypic interaction motif) with RIPK1 (PubMed:19590578, PubMed:23283962, PubMed:33397971). Component of the AIM2 PANoptosome complex, a multiprotein complex that drives inflammatory cell death (PANoptosis) (PubMed:34471287).
messages: Key innate sensor that recognizes and binds Z-RNA structures, which are produced by a number of viruses, such as herpesvirus, orthomyxovirus or flavivirus, and triggers different forms of cell death (PubMed:17618271, PubMed:18375758, PubMed:19590578, PubMed:23283962, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27917412, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:28716805, PubMed:28607035, PubMed:30050136, PubMed:31358656, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175, PubMed:30498077, PubMed:29073079). ZBP1 acts as an essential mediator of pyroptosis, necroptosis and apoptosis (PANoptosis), an integral part of host defense against pathogens, by activating RIPK3, caspase-8 (CASP8), and the NLRP3 inflammasome (PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27917412, PubMed:28607035, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32298652, PubMed:32350114, PubMed:32296175). Key activator of necroptosis, a programmed cell death process in response to death-inducing TNF-alpha family members, via its ability to bind Z-RNA: once activated upon Z-RNA-binding, ZBP1 interacts and stimulates RIPK3 kinase, which phosphorylates and activates MLKL, triggering execution of programmed necrosis (PubMed:22423968, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682, PubMed:28716805, PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32350114, PubMed:32315377, PubMed:32296175). In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: ZBP1 recognizes and binds Z-RNA structures that are produced in infected nuclei by orthomyxoviruses, such as the influenza A virus (IAV), leading to ZBP1 activation, RIPK3 stimulation and subsequent MLKL phosphorylation, triggering disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (PubMed:32200799, PubMed:32296175). ZBP1-dependent cell death in response to IAV infection promotes interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A) induction in an NLRP3-inflammasome-independent manner: IL1A expression is required for the optimal interleukin-1 beta (IL1B) production, and together, these cytokines promote in…
messages: Mice are resistant to necroptosis, characterized by a decrease in epithelial cell death and an increase in virus replication (PubMed:22423968, PubMed:27746097, PubMed:27917412). At a modestly lethal dose of influenza A virus (IAV), mice display significantly increased rates of mortality, probably caused by a failure to eliminate infected cells and limit virus spread in pulmonary tissue (PubMed:32200799). Perinatal lethality observed in Ripk1 knockout mice is rescued in knockout mice lacking both Ripk1 and Zbp1 (PubMed:27819681, PubMed:27819682). Skin inflammation observed in Ripk1(mRHIM) mutant mice is abrogated in Ripk1(mRHIM) mutant mice that also lack Zbp1 (PubMed:27819681).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated.
messages: The Z-binding domains recognize and bind left-handed double-stranded Z-RNA structures, but not A-RNA, the right-handed double-stranded RNAs that are structurally very different from Z-RNAs (PubMed:32200799). The second Z-binding domain (also named Zalpha2) acts as a molecular switch regulating pyroptosis, necroptosis and apoptosis (PANoptosis) (PubMed:32350114, PubMed:33109609). The second Z-binding domain is essential for sensing influenza A virus (IAV) Z-RNAs (PubMed:28607035, PubMed:28716805, PubMed:32350114).
messages: Ubiquitinated; polyubiquitinated following influenza A virus (IAV) infection.
messages: ZBP1-dependent necroptosis is normally inhibited by RIPK1: RIPK1 inhibits the ZBP1-induced activation of RIPK3 via FADD-mediated recruitment of CASP8, which cleaves RIPK1 and limits TNF-induced necroptosis.

10090:Ctps
gene id: 10090:Ctps
uniprot id: P70698
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Activated by GTP and inhibited by CTP.
messages: Belongs to the CTP synthase family.
messages: This enzyme is involved in the de novo synthesis of CTP, a precursor of DNA, RNA and phospholipids. Catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as a source of nitrogen. This enzyme and its product, CTP, play a crucial role in the proliferation of activated lymphocytes and therefore in immunity.
messages: cytosol

10090:Efcab6
gene id: 10090:Efcab6
uniprot id: Q6P1E8
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Binds PARK7. Part of a ternary complex containing PARK7, EFCAB6/DJBP and AR (By similarity).
messages: Negatively regulates the androgen receptor by recruiting histone deacetylase complex, and protein DJ-1 antagonizes this inhibition by abrogation of this complex. Microtubule inner protein (MIP) part of the dynein-decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) in cilia axoneme, which is required for motile cilia beating.
messages: Nucleus
messages: cilium axoneme

10090:Rabif
gene id: 10090:Rabif
uniprot id: Q91X96
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DSS4/MSS4 family.
messages: Guanine-nucleotide-releasing protein that acts on members of the SEC4/YPT1/RAB subfamily. Stimulates GDP release from both YPT1, RAB3A and RAB10, but is less active on these proteins than on the SEC4 protein. Might play a general role in vesicular transport (By similarity).
messages: Interacts with RAB8A.

10090:Glce
gene id: 10090:Glce
uniprot id: Q9EPS3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase family.
messages: Converts D-glucuronic acid residues adjacent to N-sulfate sugar residues to L-iduronic acid residues, both in maturing heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin chains. This is important for further modifications that determine the specificity of interactions between these glycosaminoglycans and proteins.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts with HS2ST1 (PubMed:11687650).
messages: Perinatal lethality. Pups die shortly after birth, apparently from respiratory failure. Mice show immature lung structure, lack kidneys, have abnormally small thymus and spleen, defects in inguinal lymph node development and in blood vessel formation proximal to the inguinal lymph nodes, and display important skeletal deficiencies. Mutant mice have heparan and heparin chains that are deficient in iduronic acid residues, and that therefore have altered O-sulfation patterns.
messages: Widely expressed with highest levels in lung and lowest levels in spleen.

10090:Neurl3
gene id: 10090:Neurl3
uniprot id: Q8CJC5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a role in various biological processes such as lung development or innate immunity (PubMed:15936721, PubMed:35792897). Seems to utilize UBE2E1. Promotes innate antiviral response by catalyzing 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of IRF7 (PubMed:35792897).
messages: Expressed in alveolar epithelial type II cells.
messages: Induced in lung during endotoxemia. By LPS and inflammatory cytokines in alveolar epithelial type II cells.
messages: Mutant mice produce less type I IFNs and exhibit increased susceptibility to viral infection.

10090:Thumpd3
gene id: 10090:Thumpd3
uniprot id: P97770
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the methyltransferase superfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with TRMT112; the interaction is direct and is required for THUMPD3 methyltransferase activity.
messages: Methyltransferase which catalyzes the formation of N(2)-methylguanosine at position 6 in a broad range of tRNA substrates containing the characteristic 3'-CCA terminus of mature tRNAs (By similarity). Also catalyzes the formation of N(2)-methylguanosine at position 7 of tRNA(Trp) (By similarity). Requires the methyltransferase adapter protein TRM112 for tRNA methyltransferase activity (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed (PubMed:9108056). Abundantly expressed in the testis, also expressed in the brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle and spleen (PubMed:34669960).

10090:Olfr1049
gene id: 10090:Olfr1049
uniprot id: A2ARZ0
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Pawr
gene id: 10090:Pawr
uniprot id: Q925B0
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homooligomer. Interacts (via the C-terminal region) with WT1. Interacts with THAP1. Interacts with AATF. Interacts with BACE1. Interacts with SPSB1 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction is direct and occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Interacts with SPSB2 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Interacts with SPSB4 (via B30.2/SPRY domain); this interaction occurs in association with the Elongin BC complex (PubMed:16369487, PubMed:20561531). Component of a ternary complex composed of SQSTM1 and PRKCZ (By similarity). Interacts with actin (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Preferentially phosphorylated at the Thr-156 by PKC in cancer cells.
messages: Pro-apoptotic protein capable of selectively inducing apoptosis in cancer cells, sensitizing the cells to diverse apoptotic stimuli and causing regression of tumors in animal models. Induces apoptosis in certain cancer cells by activation of the Fas prodeath pathway and coparallel inhibition of NF-kappa-B transcriptional activity. Inhibits the transcriptional activation and augments the transcriptional repression mediated by WT1. Down-regulates the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 via its interaction with WT1. Seems also to be a transcriptional repressor by itself. May be directly involved in regulating the amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleavage activity of BACE1 (By similarity).
messages: The B30.2/SPRY domain-binding motif mediates recognition by proteins containing a B30.2/SPRY domain.
messages: The SAC domain is a death-inducing domain selective for apoptosis induction in cancer cells. This domain is essential for nuclear entry, Fas activation, inhibition of NF-kappa-B activity and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells (By similarity).
messages: The leucine-zipper domain is not essential for apoptosis, but is required for sensitization of cells to exogenous apoptotic insults and for interaction with its partners.
messages: The synapses are crucial cellular sites for the cell death promoting actions of PAWR in motor neurons. Targeted inhibition of PAWR by RNAi is neuroprotective.

10090:Cmtm7
gene id: 10090:Cmtm7
uniprot id: Q9ESD6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the chemokine-like factor family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Irak3
gene id: 10090:Irak3
uniprot id: Q8K4B2
names: Caution
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Asn-306 is present instead of the conserved Asp which is expected to be an active site residue. Low level autophosphorylation activity has been reported in PubMed:12054681, while other authors describe this as an inactive kinase.
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Pelle subfamily.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in inflamed lung macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:29686383). Expressed in dendritic cells (at protein level) (PubMed:29686383). Highly expressed in liver and thymus and at lower levels in heart, brain, spleen and kidney (PubMed:12054681).
messages: In response to intranasal administration of IL33, lung inflammation is reduced compared to wild-type and is associated with low infiltration by inflammatory cells, especially granulocytes, a severe reduction in Th2-type cytokine secretion, including Il4, Il5 and Il13 in bronchial alveolar fluids, and reduced up-regulation of Il6, Csf3, Cxcl2 and Ccl5 mRNAs.
messages: Monomer (By similarity). Homodimer (By similarity). May interact with IRAK4 (when phosphorylated) (By similarity). Interacts (when phosphorylated at Thr-110) with PIN1 (via WW domain) in response to IL33-mediated (but not TLR4 ligand LPS) dendritic cell stimulation (PubMed:29686383).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Putative inactive protein kinase which regulates signaling downstream of immune receptors including IL1R and Toll-like receptors (PubMed:12150927, PubMed:12054681, PubMed:29686383). Inhibits dissociation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 from the Toll-like receptor signaling complex by either inhibiting the phosphorylation of IRAK1 and IRAK4 or stabilizing the receptor complex (PubMed:12150927, PubMed:12054681). Upon IL33-induced lung inflammation, positively regulates expression of IL6, CSF3, CXCL2 and CCL5 mRNAs in dendritic cells (PubMed:29686383).
messages: The nucleotide binding domain binds ATP with low affinity.

10090:Foxs1
gene id: 10090:Foxs1
uniprot id: Q4VA05
uniprot id: Q61574
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Accumulation of blood in the central part of the fetal testis. Increased ectopic apoptosis in periendothelial cells of the testis.
messages: Expressed in the testis in Sertoli and periendothelial cells at 14 dpc.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor that suppresses transcription from the FASLG, FOXO3 and FOXO4 promoters. May have a role in the organization of the testicular vasculature.

10090:Capn10
gene id: 10090:Capn10
uniprot id: Q9ESK3
names: Function
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.
messages: Calcium-regulated non-lysosomal thiol-protease which catalyzes limited proteolysis of substrates involved in cytoskeletal remodeling and signal transduction. May play a role in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (By similarity).

10090:Orm1
gene id: 10090:Orm1
uniprot id: Q60590
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Lipocalin family.
messages: Contains a beta-barrel that binds various ligands in its interior.
messages: Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain (By similarity). Appears to function in modulating the activity of the immune system during the acute-phase reaction.
messages: Secreted

10090:Otud1
gene id: 10090:Otud1
uniprot id: Q9CUB6
names: Domain
names: Function
messages: Deubiquitinating enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin to monoubiquitin.
messages: Specificity is not given by the S1' ubiquitin-binding site within the OTU domain (composed of the Cys-, His- and Variable-loops).
messages: The UIM repeat increases the specificity and efficiency of the enzyme toward 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin.

10090:Olfr1164
gene id: 10090:Olfr1164
uniprot id: A2AVT5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Vmn1r17
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r17
uniprot id: Q8R2D8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Efs
gene id: 10090:Efs
uniprot id: Q64355
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CAS family.
messages: Contains a central domain (substrate domain) containing multiple potential SH2-binding sites and a C-terminal domain containing a divergent helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif. The SH2-binding sites putatively bind CRK, NCK and ABL SH2 domains.
messages: Docking protein which plays a central coordinating role for tyrosine-kinase-based signaling related to cell adhesion. May serve as an activator of SRC and a downstream effector. Interacts with the SH3 domain of FYN and with CRK, SRC, and YES.
messages: Phosphorylated on multiple tyrosine residues. Phosphorylated on tyrosines by FYN and SRC.
messages: The SH3-binding sites that bind to the SRC SH3 domain are required for interaction with CRK and are implicated in promotion of serum response element (SRE) activation. The SH3 domain interacts with PTK2/FAK1.
messages: Widely expressed. Higher levels found in placenta and embryo. Lower levels found in brain, brainstem, muscle and lung. No expression in liver and intestine.

10090:Lipi
gene id: 10090:Lipi
uniprot id: F6YQT7
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.
messages: Secreted

10090:Olfr1239
gene id: 10090:Olfr1239
uniprot id: Q8VGM8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Wnk4
gene id: 10090:Wnk4
uniprot id: Q80UE6
names: Activity Regulation
names: Caution
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activation requires autophosphorylation of Ser-332. Phosphorylation of Ser-328 also promotes increased activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. Ser/Thr protein kinase family. WNK subfamily.
messages: Interacts with the C-terminal region of KCNJ1 (PubMed:14608358). Interacts with WNK1 and WNK3 (PubMed:17975670). Interacts with KLHL3 (By similarity).
messages: Locates to the distal convoluted tubule, the medullary collecting duct and the cortical collecting duct of the kidney (PubMed:11498583). Expressed in pancreatic duct (PubMed:21317537).
messages: Phosphorylated by WNK1 and WNK3.
messages: Serine/threonine kinase which plays an important role in the regulation of electrolyte homeostasis, cell signaling, survival and proliferation. Acts as an activator and inhibitor of sodium-coupled chloride cotransporters and potassium-coupled chloride cotransporters respectively. Activates SCNN1A, SCNN1B, SCNN1D, SGK1, TRPV5 and TRPV6. Regulates the activity of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter, SLC12A3, by phosphorylation which appears to prevent membrane trafficking of SLC12A3. Also inhibits the renal K(+) channel, KCNJ1, via a kinase-independent mechanism by which it induces clearance of the protein from the cell surface by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. WNK4 appears to act as a molecular switch that can vary the balance between NaCl reabsorption and K(+) secretion to maintain integrated homeostasis. Phosphorylates NEDD4L. Acts as a scaffold to inhibit SLC4A4 as well as CFTR activities and surface expression, recruits STK39 which mediates the inhibition (PubMed:21317537).
messages: Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL3) complex, leading to its degradation and increased expression of KCNJ1 at the cell surface. Ubiquitinated by the BCR(KLHL2) complex (By similarity).
messages: Was named WNK/'with no lysine(K)' because key residues for catalysis, including the lysine involved in ATP binding, are either not conserved or differ compared to the residues described in other kinase family proteins.
messages: tight junction

10090:Draxin
gene id: 10090:Draxin
uniprot id: Q6PAL1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the draxin family.
messages: Chemorepulsive axon guidance protein required for the development of spinal cord and forebrain commissures. Acts as a chemorepulsive guidance protein for commissural axons during development. Able to inhibit or repel neurite outgrowth from dorsal spinal cord. Inhibits the stabilization of cytosolic beta-catenin (CTNNB1) via its interaction with LRP6, thereby acting as an antagonist of Wnt signaling pathway.
messages: In embryonic brain, strong expression in the olfactory bulb, anterior olfactory nucleus, neocortex, piriform cortex, glial wedge, midline zipper glia, indusium griseum and the area surrounding the anterior commissure (AC) but not on AC axons (at protein level) (PubMed:23206892). Predominantly expressed in developing neural tissues. Expressed in many brain regions, including the olfactory bulb, cortex, midbrain, cerebellum and pontine nuclei in neonates. Detected in the dorsal spinal cord and commissural axons. In the forebrain commissures, it is expressed in the regions that surround the corpus callosum, hippocampal commissure, and anterior commissure, such as the midline glial cells, indusium griseum glia, and glial wedge.
messages: Interacts with LRP6.
messages: Mice are viable and fertile (PubMed:19150847). They however show a defasciculation of spinal cord commissural axons and absence of all forebrain commissures (PubMed:19150847, PubMed:23206892). Double knockout of Tsku and Draxi results in a higher frequency of anterior commissure defects than single knockout of either Tsku or Draxi (PubMed:23206892).
messages: Secreted

10090:Gm765
gene id: 10090:Gm765
uniprot id: B2RVL9
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the MDFI family.

10090:Tmem268
gene id: 10090:Tmem268
uniprot id: Q8R239
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Mlh1
gene id: 10090:Mlh1
uniprot id: Q9JK91
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the DNA mismatch repair MutL/HexB family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Component of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) complex composed at least of MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, PMS1 and MLH1. Heterodimer of MLH1 and PMS2 (MutL alpha), MLH1 and PMS1 (MutL beta) or MLH1 and MLH3 (MutL gamma). Forms a ternary complex with MutS alpha (MSH2-MSH6) or MutS beta (MSH2-MSH3). Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the RAD50-MRE11-NBS1 protein complex. This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains. Interacts with MCM9; the interaction recruits MLH1 to chromatin. Interacts MCM8. Interacts with PMS2. Interacts with MBD4. Interacts with EXO1. Interacts with MTMR15/FAN1.
messages: Heterodimerizes with Pms2 to form MutL alpha, a component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). DNA repair is initiated by MutS alpha (Msh2-Msh6) or MutS beta (MSH2-MSH3) binding to a dsDNA mismatch, then MutL alpha is recruited to the heteroduplex. Assembly of the MutL-MutS-heteroduplex ternary complex in presence of RFC and PCNA is sufficient to activate endonuclease activity of Pms2. It introduces single-strand breaks near the mismatch and thus generates new entry points for the exonuclease EXO1 to degrade the strand containing the mismatch. DNA methylation would prevent cleavage and therefore assure that only the newly mutated DNA strand is going to be corrected. MutL alpha (Mlh1-Pms2) interacts physically with the clamp loader subunits of DNA polymerase III, suggesting that it may play a role to recruit the DNA polymerase III to the site of the MMR. Also implicated in DNA damage signaling, a process which induces cell cycle arrest and can lead to apoptosis in case of major DNA damages. Heterodimerizes with Mlh3 to form MutL gamma which plays a role in meiosis (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Arhgap15
gene id: 10090:Arhgap15
uniprot id: Q811M1
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: GTPase activator for the Rho-type GTPases by converting them to an inactive GDP-bound state. Has activity toward RAC1. Overexpression results in an increase in actin stress fibers and cell contraction (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: The PH domain is required for localization to the membrane.

10090:Fam166c
gene id: 10090:Fam166c
uniprot id: Q9DAS2
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the FAM166C family.

10090:Dennd4b
gene id: 10090:Dennd4b
uniprot id: Q3U1Y4
names: Function
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which may activate RAB10. Promotes the exchange of GDP to GTP, converting inactive GDP-bound Rab proteins into their active GTP-bound form (By similarity).
messages: Wrong gene model based on unspliced pre-RNA.

10090:Trp53rka
gene id: 10090:Trp53rka
uniprot id: Q5U452
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. BUD32 family.

10090:Ranbp9
gene id: 10090:Ranbp9
uniprot id: E9Q5D6
uniprot id: P69566
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the RANBP9/10 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May act as scaffolding protein, and as adapter protein to couple membrane receptors to intracellular signaling pathways. Acts as a mediator of cell spreading and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement. Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1. May be involved in signaling of ITGB2/LFA-1 and other integrins. Enhances HGF-MET signaling by recruiting Sos and activating the Ras pathway. Enhances dihydrotestosterone-induced transactivation activity of AR, as well as dexamethasone-induced transactivation activity of NR3C1, but not affect estrogen-induced transactivation. Stabilizes TP73 isoform Alpha, probably by inhibiting its ubiquitination, and increases its proapoptotic activity. Inhibits the kinase activity of DYRK1A and DYRK1B. Inhibits FMR1 binding to RNA.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Part of a complex consisting of RANBP9, MKLN1 and GID8. Identified in the CTLH complex that contains GID4, RANBP9 and/or RANBP10, MKLN1, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, ARMC8, WDR26 and YPEL5. Within this complex, MAEA, RMND5A (or alternatively its paralog RMND5B), GID8, WDR26, and RANBP9 and/or RANBP10 form the catalytic core, while GID4, MKLN1, ARMC8 and YPEL5 have ancillary roles. Interacts with GTP-bound Ran, AR, CDC2L1/p110C, CALB1, S100A7, USP11, SOS1 or SOS2, GID8, and FMR1. Interacts with the Dyrk kinases HIPK2, DYRK1A, and DYRK1B. Interacts with TP73 isoform Alpha but not with TP53. Interacts with the HGF receptor MET and the integrins ITGB1 and ITGB2, but not with ITGAL. Part of a complex consisting of RANBP9, RAN, DYRK1B and COPS5. Directly interacts with RANBP10. Interacts with YPEL5 (By similarity). Interacts with MKLN1 (PubMed:18710924). Interacts with DDX4 (PubMed:14648869). Interacts with NGFR (PubMed:12963025). Interacts with Tex19.1 and, probably, Tex19.2 (PubMed:28254886).
messages: Phosphorylated in response to stress.
messages: The SPRY domain mediates the interaction with MET, AR, and CDC2L1.
messages: Ubiquitinated. Polyubiquitination targets the protein for rapid degradation via the ubiquitin system (By similarity).
messages: Ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels in maturating spermatocytes.

10090:Adnp2
gene id: 10090:Adnp2
uniprot id: Q8CHC8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Expressed at 7.5 dpc, increasing by 9.5 dpc, concomitant with cranial neural tube closure, and at 11.5 dpc (PubMed:18179478). Expression levels were relatively stable between 12.5 dpc and birth, continuing into adulthood (PubMed:18179478).
messages: Expressed widely, with the highest level in the brain.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation (PubMed:23071114). May play a role in neuronal function; perhaps involved in protection of brain tissues from oxidative stress (PubMed:18179478). May be involved in erythroid differentiation (PubMed:23071114).
messages: May interact with SMARCA4/BRG1.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ncor2
gene id: 10090:Ncor2
uniprot id: E9PY55
uniprot id: E9Q9V3
uniprot id: F8VQL9
uniprot id: Q9WU42
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the N-CoR nuclear receptor corepressors family.
messages: Forms a large corepressor complex that contains SIN3A/B and histone deacetylases HDAC1 and HDAC2. This complex associates with the thyroid (TR) and the retinoid acid receptors (RAR) in the absence of ligand, and may stabilize their interaction with TFIIB. Interacts directly with RARA in the absence of ligand; the interaction represses RARA activity. Interacts (isoform SMRT) with HDAC10. Interacts with MINT. Component of the N-Cor repressor complex, at least composed of NCOR1, NCOR2, HDAC3, TBL1X, TBL1R, CORO2A and GPS2. Interacts with CBFA2T3 and ATXN1L. Interacts with RARB; the interaction is weak and does not repress RARB transactivational activity. Interacts with HDAC7 and C1D. Interacts with NR4A2; this interaction increases in the absence of PITX3. Interacts with BCL6 (via the BTB domain), required for BCL6 transcriptional repressor activity on a subset of target genes. Forms ternary complexes with BCOR and BCL6 on target gene promoters but, on enhancer elements, interacts with BCL6 and HDAC3 to repress proximal gene expression. May interact with DEAF1. Interacts with RXRA. Interacts with MECP2. Interacts with ZBTB7A (By similarity). Interacts with AR (By similarity). Interacts with TBL1Y (By similarity). Interacts with SANBR (via the BTB domain) (PubMed:33831416).
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal region contains repression functions that are divided into three independent repression domains (RD1, RD2 and RD3). The C-terminal region contains the nuclear receptor-interacting domains that are divided in two separate interaction domains (ID1 and ID2).
messages: The two interaction domains (ID) contain a conserved sequence referred to as the CORNR box. This motif is required and sufficient to permit binding to unligated TR and RARS. Sequences flanking the CORNR box determine nuclear hormone receptor specificity.
messages: Transcriptional corepressor. Mediates the transcriptional repression activity of some nuclear receptors by promoting chromatin condensation, thus preventing access of the basal transcription. Isoform 1 and isoform 5 have different affinities for different nuclear receptors. Involved in the regulation BCL6-dependent of the germinal center (GC) reactions, mainly through the control of the GC B-cells proliferation and survival. Recruited by ZBTB7A to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes, negatively regulates androgen receptor signaling and androgen-induced cell proliferation.
messages: Ubiquitous. Also widely expressed in early embryos.

10090:Synpo2l
gene id: 10090:Synpo2l
uniprot id: Q8BWB1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Actin-associated protein that may play a role in modulating actin-based shape.
messages: Belongs to the synaptopodin family.
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Slc25a16
gene id: 10090:Slc25a16
uniprot id: Q8C0K5
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrial carrier (TC 2.A.29) family.
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane
messages: Required for the accumulation of coenzyme A in the mitochondrial matrix.

10090:Olfr331
gene id: 10090:Olfr331
uniprot id: Q5NC44
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Ifih1
gene id: 10090:Ifih1
uniprot id: D2CGM4
uniprot id: Q8R5F7
names: Function
names: Induction
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the helicase family. RLR subfamily.
messages: By interferon (IFN).
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: During apoptosis, processed into 3 cleavage products. The helicase-containing fragment, once liberated from the CARD domains, translocate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The processed protein significantly sensitizes cells to DNA degradation.
messages: Expression is prominent in lung, liver, kidney, heart and spleen (at protein level). Widely expressed at low level.
messages: ISGylated by ISG15. ISGylation increases upon infection with viruses. ISGylation at Lys-23 and Lys-43 is dependent of dephosphorylation, regulates mitochondrial translocation and oligomerization. Essential for IFIH1/MDA5-mediated cytokine responses and restriction of virus replication.
messages: Innate immune receptor which acts as a cytoplasmic sensor of viral nucleic acids and plays a major role in sensing viral infection and in the activation of a cascade of antiviral responses including the induction of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Its ligands include mRNA lacking 2'-O-methylation at their 5' cap and long-dsRNA (>1 kb in length). Upon ligand binding it associates with mitochondria antiviral signaling protein (MAVS/IPS1) which activates the IKK-related kinases: TBK1 and IKBKE which phosphorylate interferon regulatory factors: IRF3 and IRF7 which in turn activate transcription of antiviral immunological genes, including interferons (IFNs); IFN-alpha and IFN-beta. Responsible for detecting the Picornaviridae family members such as encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), mengo encephalomyocarditis virus (ENMG), and theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV). Can also detect other viruses such as dengue virus (DENV), west Nile virus (WNV), and reovirus. Also involved in antiviral signaling in response to viruses containing a dsDNA genome, such as vaccinia virus. Plays an important role in amplifying innate immune signaling through recognition of RNA metabolites that are produced during virus infection by ribonuclease L (RNase L). May play an important role in enhancing natural killer cell function and may be involved in growth inhibition and apoptosis in several tumor cell lines.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer in the absence of ligands and homodimerizes in the presence of dsRNA ligands. Can assemble into helical or linear polymeric filaments on long dsRNA. Interacts with MAVS/IPS1. Interacts (via the CARD domains) with TKFC, the interaction is inhibited by viral infection. Interacts with PCBP2. Interacts with NLRC5. Interacts with PIAS2-beta. Interacts with DDX60. Interacts with ANKRD17. Interacts with IKBKE. Interacts with ATG5 and ATG12, either as ATG5 and ATG12 monomers or as ATG12-ATG5 conjugates. Interacts with ZCCHC3; leading to activate IFIH1/MDA5. Interacts with RNF123. Interacts with DDX3X. Interacts with NOD1; this interaction promotes transcription of antiviral genes and inhibition of viral replication.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylated. Dephosphorylated by phsophatases PP1; dephosphorylation precedes and is required for ISGylation.
messages: Sumoylated. Sumoylation positively regulates its role in type I interferon induction and is enhanced by PIAS2-beta.
messages: Ubiquitinated by RNF125, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. USP17/UPS17L2-dependent deubiquitination positively regulates the receptor. Ubiquitinated by TRIM25 via 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination, promoting activation of IFIH1/MDA5. Ubiquitinated by TRIM40 via 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination; leading to proteasomal degradation.

10090:G6pd2
gene id: 10090:G6pd2
uniprot id: G3UWD6
uniprot id: P97324
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acetylated by ELP3; acetylation inhibits its homodimerization and enzyme activity. Deacetylated by SIRT2; deacetylation stimulates its enzyme activity (By similarity).
messages: Belongs to the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase family.
messages: Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis.
messages: Catalyzes the rate-limiting step of the oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, which represents a route for the dissimilation of carbohydrates besides glycolysis. The main function of this enzyme is to provide reducing power (NADPH) and pentose phosphates for fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis.
messages: Has NADP both as cofactor (bound to the N-terminal domain) and as structural element bound to the C-terminal domain.
messages: Homotetramer; dimer of dimers (PubMed:9169132). Interacts with SIRT2; the interaction is enhanced by H(2)O(2) treatment (By similarity).
messages: Membrane
messages: Testis.
messages: cytosol

10090:Stx1b
gene id: 10090:Stx1b
uniprot id: P61264
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the syntaxin family.
messages: Interacts with OTOF. Interacts with SYT6 and SYT8; the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated by CK2.
messages: Potentially involved in docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones (By similarity). May mediate Ca(2+)-regulation of exocytosis acrosomal reaction in sperm.

10090:Osbpl7
gene id: 10090:Osbpl7
uniprot id: Q3TAX1
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the OSBP family.

10090:Slc12a6
gene id: 10090:Slc12a6
uniprot id: Q3V0N8
uniprot id: Q924N4
names: Activity Regulation
names: Disease Annotation
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Activated by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Inhibited by DIOA, bumetanide and furosemide. Inhibited by WNK3.
messages: Basolateral cell membrane
messages: Belongs to the SLC12A transporter family.
messages: Defects in Slc12a6 are a cause of locomotor abnormalities beginning at 2 weeks of age. Slc12a6 deficient mice show hypomyelination, decompaction of myelin, demyelination, axonal swelling and fiber degeneration.
messages: Highly expressed in kidney, but not detected in brain.
messages: Highly expressed throughout the brain and detected at lower levels in kidney. Highly expressed in highly myelinated white matter of the brain, but not in gray matter. Detected in the corpus callosum, in packed cell layers of the hippocampus and in Purkinje neurons within the cerebellum. Highly expressed in white matter in the spinal cord, but not in dorsal root ganglia or sciatic nerve. Colocalizes with the oligodendrocyte marker CNP.
messages: Homomultimer and heteromultimer with other K-Cl cotransporters.
messages: Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling (By similarity). May contribute to cell volume homeostasis in single cells (By similarity).
messages: Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling (PubMed:10347194). May contribute to cell volume homeostasis in single cells (Probable).
messages: Membrane
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: N-terminal loop binds to the intracellular vestibule of the transporter, arresting the transporter in an inhibited state.
messages: Phosphorylated, phosphorylation regulates transporter activity.

10090:Sin3a
gene id: 10090:Sin3a
uniprot id: Q60520
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Sequence Caution
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Corepressor for REST. Interacts with MXI1 to repress MYC responsive genes and antagonize MYC oncogenic activities. Also interacts with MXD1-MAX heterodimers to repress transcription by tethering SIN3A to DNA. Acts cooperatively with OGT to repress transcription in parallel with histone deacetylation. Involved in the control of the circadian rhythms. Required for the transcriptional repression of circadian target genes, such as PER1, mediated by the large PER complex through histone deacetylation. Cooperates with FOXK1 to regulate cell cycle progression probably by repressing cell cycle inhibitor genes expression (PubMed:22476904). Required for cortical neuron differentiation and callosal axon elongation (PubMed:27399968).
messages: Contaminating sequence. Potential poly-A sequence.
messages: Interacts with ARID4B, BRMS1L, HCFC1, HDAC1, HDAC2, MXI1, SAP30L, SAP130, SFPQ and TOPORS (PubMed:8649810). Interacts with OGT (via TPRs 1-6); the interaction mediates transcriptional repression in parallel with histone deacetylase (By similarity). Interacts with BAZ2A, MXD1, MXD3, MXD4, MBD2, DACH1, NCOR1, NR4A2, REST, RLIM, SAP30, SETDB1, SMYD2, and SUDS3 (PubMed:7889570, PubMed:8521822, PubMed:9139820, PubMed:9702189, PubMed:10734093, PubMed:10950960, PubMed:11106735, PubMed:11882901, PubMed:11909966, PubMed:12130660, PubMed:12198165, PubMed:12398767, PubMed:16805913, PubMed:19144721). Interacts with PHF12 in a complex composed of HDAC1, PHF12 and SAP30 (PubMed:11390640). Interacts with TET1; the interaction recruits SIN3A to gene promoters (PubMed:21490601). The large PER complex involved in the histone deacetylation is composed of at least HDAC1, PER2, SFPQ and SIN3A (PubMed:21680841). Interacts with KLF11 (PubMed:15774581). Interacts with PPHLN1 (By similarity). Found in a complex with YY1, GON4L and HDAC1 (PubMed:21454521). Interacts (via PAH2) with FOXK1 (PubMed:22476904, PubMed:25402684). Interacts with FOXK2 (PubMed:25402684). Found in a complex composed of at least SINHCAF, SIN3A, HDAC1, SAP30, RBBP4, OGT and TET1 (PubMed:28554894). Interacts with SINHCAF (PubMed:28554894). Interacts with SPHK2 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Probable cloning artifact leading to an internal deletion.
messages: SIN3A knockdown causes a significant decrease in the amount of cortical progenitors in the proliferative zone at the peak of neurogenesis, and results in altered neuronal identity and aberrant corticocortical projections.
messages: SUMO1 sumoylated by TOPORS. Probably desumoylated by SENP2.
messages: The cDNA contains an internal 15bp tandem duplication.
messages: Widely expressed. Highest levels in testis, lung and thymus. Expressed at relatively high levels throughout brain development. In adult mice, expression is high in neurogenic regions such as the subventricular zone, rostral migratory stream, olfactory bulb and dentate gyrus (PubMed:27399968).
messages: nucleolus

10090:Scn7a
gene id: 10090:Scn7a
uniprot id: B1AYL1
uniprot id: Q62467
names: Caution
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the sodium channel (TC 1.A.1.10) family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation.
messages: Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
messages: Membrane

10090:Igfl3
gene id: 10090:Igfl3
uniprot id: Q6B9Z0
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the IGFL family.
messages: Highly expressed in skin. Also detected in colon, thymus, mammary gland, lymph node and lung.
messages: Homodimer; disulfide-linked.
messages: Probable ligand of the IGFLR1 cell membrane receptor.
messages: Secreted
messages: Up-regulated by Imiquimod. Up-regulated in skin upon tissue inflammation and injury.

10090:Cggbp1
gene id: 10090:Cggbp1
uniprot id: Q8BHG9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Binding is severely inhibited by complete or partial cytosine-specific DNA methylation of the binding motif.
messages: Binds to nonmethylated 5'-d(CGG)(n)-3' trinucleotide repeats in the FMR1 promoter. May play a role in regulating FMR1 promoter (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus

10090:Csta1
gene id: 10090:Csta1
uniprot id: B2RT71
uniprot id: P56567
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the cystatin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: This is an intracellular thiol proteinase inhibitor.

10090:Gm21427
gene id: 10090:Gm21427
uniprot id: Q62458
names: Similarity
messages: Belongs to the SPIN/STSY family.

10090:Ensa
gene id: 10090:Ensa
uniprot id: P60840
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the endosulfine family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts (when phosphorylated at Ser-67) with PPP2R2D. Interacts with ABCC8. Interacts with SNCA; interaction is disrupted when phosphorylated at Ser-109 (By similarity).
messages: May be due to an intron retention.
messages: Phosphorylation at Ser-67 by GWL during mitosis is essential for interaction with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and subsequent inactivation of PP2A. Phosphorylated by PKA (By similarity).
messages: Present in striatum (at protein level).
messages: Protein phosphatase inhibitor that specifically inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) during mitosis. When phosphorylated at Ser-67 during mitosis, specifically interacts with PPP2R2D (PR55-delta) and inhibits its activity, leading to inactivation of PP2A, an essential condition to keep cyclin-B1-CDK1 activity high during M phase. Also acts as a stimulator of insulin secretion by interacting with sulfonylurea receptor (ABCC8), thereby preventing sulfonylurea from binding to its receptor and reducing K(ATP) channel currents (By similarity).

10090:Krt73
gene id: 10090:Krt73
uniprot id: Q6NXH9
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
messages: Has a role in hair formation. Specific component of keratin intermediate filaments in the inner root sheath (IRS) of the hair follicle (By similarity).
messages: Heterotetramer of two type I and two type II keratins.
messages: There are two types of cytoskeletal and microfibrillar keratin, I (acidic) and II (neutral to basic) (40-55 and 56-70 kDa, respectively).

10090:Gnb1l
gene id: 10090:Gnb1l
uniprot id: Q9EQ15
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed at low levels in most tissues and highly expressed in adult testis.

10090:Gtf2f2
gene id: 10090:Gtf2f2
uniprot id: Q3UMJ4
uniprot id: Q8R0A0
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TFIIF beta subunit family.
messages: Heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Interacts with HTATSF1 and URI1 (By similarity). Interacts with GPBP1. Interacts with GTF2B (via N-terminus); this interaction is inhibited in presence of GTF2F1 (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: TFIIF is a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II and helps to recruit it to the initiation complex in collaboration with TFIIB.

10090:Etfrf1
gene id: 10090:Etfrf1
uniprot id: Q91V16
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Acts as a regulator of the electron transfer flavoprotein by promoting the removal of flavin from the ETF holoenzyme (composed of ETFA and ETFB).
messages: Belongs to the complex I LYR family.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: homotetramer. Interacts with NDUFAB1. Interacts with ETFA. Interacts with ETFB.

10090:Trim69
gene id: 10090:Trim69
uniprot id: Q80X56
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays an important role in antiviral immunity by restricting different viral infections including dengue virus or vesicular stomatitis indiana virus. Ubiquitinates viral proteins such as dengue virus NS3 thereby limiting infection. Plays also a role in cataract formation together with TP53. Mechanistically, inhibits UVB-induced cell apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by inducing TP53 ubiquitination.
messages: Expressed in spermatid.
messages: Homo-multimer; required for antiviral activity (By similarity). Interacts with PML (PubMed:12837286).
messages: Male TRIM69-knockout mice have normal fertility. Appearance of testes, testis/body weight ratios, testicular histomorphology, and the number and quality of sperm are consistent with wild-type mice.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Nucleus speckle
messages: Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation is necessary for nuclear localization.
messages: The RING-type zinc finger domain is responsible for E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and for nuclear localization and aggregation.

10090:Glo1
gene id: 10090:Glo1
uniprot id: A5GZX3
uniprot id: Q9CPU0
names: Activity Regulation
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the glyoxalase I family.
messages: Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit. In the homodimer, two zinc ions are bound between subunits.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S-lactoylglutathione (PubMed:18695250). Involved in the regulation of TNF-induced transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Required for normal osteoclastogenesis (PubMed:18695250).
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of hemimercaptal, formed from methylglyoxal and glutathione, to S-lactoylglutathione.
messages: Exists in a nitric oxide (NO)-modified form. The exact nature of the modification is unknown, but it suppresses the TNF-induced transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B (By similarity).
messages: Expressed at higher levels in CD-1 mice which have been bred for low-anxiety-related behavior than in those which have been bred for high-anxiety-related behavior.
messages: Glutathionylation at Cys-139 inhibits enzyme activity.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Phosphorylated at Thr-107 in the presence of CaMK2. However, this is a consensus site for phosphorylation by CK2 so phosphorylation may be mediated by CK2 rather than CaMK2. Phosphorylation is induced by TNF and suppresses the TNF-induced transcriptional activity of NF-kappa-B (By similarity).
messages: Subject to competitive inhibition by methyl-gerfelin.

10090:Dtx3l
gene id: 10090:Dtx3l
uniprot id: Q3UIR3
names: Activity Regulation
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Autoubiquitinated.
messages: Belongs to the Deltex family.
messages: Binding to PARP9 enhances DTX3L catalytic activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Developmentally regulated. Expressed prominently in the thymus and specific regions of the brain, and more weakly expressed in the gut. In adults, highly expressed in the thymus and intestine.
messages: E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which, in association with ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP9, plays a role in DNA damage repair and in interferon-mediated antiviral responses. Monoubiquitinates several histones, including histone H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. In response to DNA damage, mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-91' of histone H4 (H4K91ub1). The exact role of H4K91ub1 in DNA damage response is still unclear but it may function as a licensing signal for additional histone H4 post-translational modifications such as H4 'Lys-20' methylation (H4K20me). PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites. By monoubiquitinating histone H2B H2BC9/H2BJ and thereby promoting chromatin remodeling, positively regulates STAT1-dependent interferon-stimulated gene transcription and thus STAT1-mediated control of viral replication. Independently of its catalytic activity, promotes the sorting of chemokine receptor CXCR4 from early endosome to lysosome following CXCL12 stimulation by reducing E3 ligase ITCH activity and thus ITCH-mediated ubiquitination of endosomal sorting complex required for transport ESCRT-0 components HGS and STAM. In addition, required for the recruitment of HGS and STAM to early endosomes.
messages: Early endosome membrane
messages: Homodimer and heterodimer. Can heterodimerize with DTX1, enhancing its ubiquitin ligase activity in vitro. Interacts (via N-terminus) with ADP ribosyltransferase PARP9/BAL1 (via PARP catalytic domain) forming a stable complex; the interaction is required to activate PARP9 but is dispensable for DTX3L catalytic activity. Forms a complex with STAT1 and PARP9 independently of IFNB1 or IFNG-mediated STAT1 'Tyr-701' phosphorylation. Found in a complex with PARP9, STAT1 and H2BC9. Found in a complex with E3 ligase ITCH and ESCRT-0 components HGS and STAM. Interacts (via C-terminus) with ITCH; the interaction is increased upon CXCL12 stimulation and inhibits ITCH catalytic activity; the interaction is direct. Interacts with HGS and STAM; the interaction brings together HGS and STAM and promotes their recruitment to early endosomes.
messages: Lysosome membrane
messages: Nucleus

10090:Rab35
gene id: 10090:Rab35
uniprot id: Q6PHN9
names: Activity Regulation
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rab family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Endosome
messages: Interacts with DENND1A and DENND1B; in a nucleotide-dependent manner (PubMed:20159556, PubMed:26774822). Interacts with DENND1C; weak interaction which is nucleotide-independent (By similarity). Interacts (GTP-bound form) with ACAP2 and MICALL1; the interaction is direct and probably recruits ACAP2 and MICALL1 to membranes (PubMed:23572513). Interacts with EHD1; the interaction is indirect through MICALL1 and probably recruits EHD1 to membranes (PubMed:23572513). Interacts with GDI1, GDI2, CHM and CHML; phosphorylation at Thr-72 disrupts these interactions (By similarity).
messages: Melanosome
messages: Rab activation is generally mediated by a guanine exchange factor (GEF), while inactivation through hydrolysis of bound GTP is catalyzed by a GTPase activating protein (GAP) (By similarity). That Rab is activated by the guanine exchange factors DENND1A, DENND1B and DENND1C (PubMed:20159556, PubMed:26774822).
messages: The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion. That Rab is involved in the process of endocytosis and is an essential rate-limiting regulator of the fast recycling pathway back to the plasma membrane. During cytokinesis, required for the postfurrowing terminal steps, namely for intercellular bridge stability and abscission, possibly by controlling phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bis phosphate (PIP2) and SEPT2 localization at the intercellular bridge. May indirectly regulate neurite outgrowth. Together with TBC1D13 may be involved in regulation of insulin-induced glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in adipocytes.
messages: clathrin-coated pit
messages: clathrin-coated vesicle

10090:Tm7sf2
gene id: 10090:Tm7sf2
uniprot id: Q71KT5
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ERG4/ERG24 family.
messages: Catalyzes the reduction of the C14-unsaturated bond of lanosterol, as part of the metabolic pathway leading to cholesterol biosynthesis.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Mice develop normally, appear healthy and are fertile.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: Strongly expressed in liver, weaker in ovary, testis, kidney and brain.

10090:Btbd11
gene id: 10090:Btbd11
uniprot id: Q6GQW0
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Membrane

10090:Rcn3
gene id: 10090:Rcn3
uniprot id: Q8BH97
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the CREC family.
messages: Degraded by PCSK6 and other endoproteases including FURIN and PCSK5.
messages: During lung development the expression is detected from 15.5 dpc to P1 with a maximum at 17.5 dpc which corresponds to the stage of development of alveolar saccules.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum lumen
messages: Highly expressed in lung and heart. Also detected in liver, spleen, kidney, skeletal muscle, intestine, stomach, and brain.
messages: Homozygous knockout mice show neonatal lethality (PubMed:26252542). Normally delivered newborn mice exhibit normal gross morphology, early motor activity, and response to painful stimuli (PubMed:26252542). They quickly develop severe respiratory distress with gasping and cyanosis, and die within 20 to 60 minutes after birth (PubMed:26252542). Normally developed trachea and diaphragm structure as well as no obvious gross morphological or histological abnormalities in the heart, brain, or liver suggest that abnormal lung development is the primary cause for the neonatal lethality (PubMed:26252542). Mutant mice exhibit morphological abnormalities of the lungs, including atelectasis with collapse of the alveolar space and unexpanded intra-alveolar septae (PubMed:26252542). This is associated with an impaired maturation of type 2 alveolar epithelial cells which is probably due to their failure to properly produce pulmonary surfactant (PubMed:26252542).
messages: Interacts with PCSK6 (immature form including the propeptide); probably involved in the maturation and the secretion of PCSK6.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: Probable molecular chaperone assisting protein biosynthesis and transport in the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:26252542). Required for the proper biosynthesis and transport of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A/SP-A, pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D/SP-D and the lipid transporter ABCA3 (PubMed:26252542). By regulating both the proper expression and the degradation through the endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation pathway of these proteins plays a crucial role in pulmonary surfactant homeostasis (PubMed:26252542). Has an anti-fibrotic activity by negatively regulating the secretion of type I and type III collagens (By similarity). This calcium-binding protein also transiently associates with immature PCSK6 and regulates its secretion (By similarity).

10090:Tmigd1
gene id: 10090:Tmigd1
uniprot id: Q9D7L8
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: May control cell-cell adhesion, cell migration and proliferation, cell morphology, and protects renal epithelial cells from oxidative cell injury to promote cell survival.
messages: N-glycosylated.

10090:Sts
gene id: 10090:Sts
uniprot id: P50427
names: Cofactor
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the sulfatase family.
messages: Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per subunit.
messages: Catalyzes the conversion of sulfated steroid precursors, such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and estrone sulfate to the free steroid.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Microsome membrane
messages: The conversion to 3-oxoalanine (also known as C-formylglycine, FGly), of a serine or cysteine residue in prokaryotes and of a cysteine residue in eukaryotes, is critical for catalytic activity.

10090:Tigd4
gene id: 10090:Tigd4
uniprot id: Q8BUZ3
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the tigger transposable element derived protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Ubl5
gene id: 10090:Ubl5
uniprot id: Q9EPV8
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with CLK1, CLK3 and CLK4.

10090:Pmm2
gene id: 10090:Pmm2
uniprot id: Q545N8
uniprot id: Q9Z2M7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the eukaryotic PMM family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions.

10090:Zfp446
gene id: 10090:Zfp446
uniprot id: E9Q6F9
uniprot id: G3X9U2
uniprot id: Q149D4
uniprot id: Q8C9M8
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Cfap410
gene id: 10090:Cfap410
uniprot id: Q8C6G1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Cilia absent or reduced, virtually no cilia of the normal 5 uM mean length.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Expressed in the retina.
messages: Found in a complex with CFAP410, NEK1 and SPATA7 (By similarity). Interacts with NEK1 (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Plays a role in cilia formation and/or maintenance (PubMed:21289087). Plays a role in the regulation of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organization (By similarity). Involved in DNA damage repair (By similarity).
messages: Up-regulated during cartilage differentiation (PubMed:26974433).
messages: cilium
messages: cilium basal body
messages: photoreceptor outer segment

10090:Psmb7
gene id: 10090:Psmb7
uniprot id: P70195
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the peptidase T1B family.
messages: Component of the 20S core proteasome complex involved in the proteolytic degradation of most intracellular proteins. This complex plays numerous essential roles within the cell by associating with different regulatory particles. Associated with two 19S regulatory particles, forms the 26S proteasome and thus participates in the ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. The 26S proteasome plays a key role in the maintenance of protein homeostasis by removing misfolded or damaged proteins that could impair cellular functions, and by removing proteins whose functions are no longer required. Associated with the PA200 or PA28, the 20S proteasome mediates ubiquitin-independent protein degradation. This type of proteolysis is required in several pathways including spermatogenesis (20S-PA200 complex) or generation of a subset of MHC class I-presented antigenic peptides (20S-PA28 complex). Within the 20S core complex, PSMB7 displays a trypsin-like activity.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: The 26S proteasome consists of a 20S proteasome core and two 19S regulatory subunits. The 20S proteasome core is a barrel-shaped complex made of 28 subunits that are arranged in four stacked rings. The two outer rings are each formed by seven alpha subunits, and the two inner rings are formed by seven beta subunits. The proteolytic activity is exerted by three beta-subunits PSMB5, PSMB6 and PSMB7.
messages: Up-regulated by the antioxidant dithiolethione (D3T) in colon (at protein level).

10090:Zfp706
gene id: 10090:Zfp706
uniprot id: B2RVQ7
uniprot id: Q9D115
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Nucleus
messages: Present in self-renewing embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Does not increase significantly at the onset of differentiation.
messages: Transcription repressor involved in the exit of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from self-renewal. Acts by repressing expression of KLF4.

10090:Fastkd3
gene id: 10090:Fastkd3
uniprot id: Q8BSN9
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FAST kinase family.
messages: Expression detected in spleen, testis, colon, heart, smooth muscle, kidney, brain, lung, liver, brown and white adipose tissue with highest expression in testis and smooth muscle.
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: RAP domain is required for FASTKD3 function in mRNA stability and translation.
messages: Required for normal mitochondrial respiration. Increases steady-state levels and half-lives of a subset of mature mitochondrial mRNAs MT-ND2, MT-ND3, MT-CYTB, MT-CO2, and MT-ATP8/6. Promotes MT-CO1 mRNA translation and increases mitochondrial complex IV assembly and activity.

10090:Zfp710
gene id: 10090:Zfp710
uniprot id: Q3U288
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: May be involved in transcriptional regulation.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Patl2
gene id: 10090:Patl2
uniprot id: A2ARM1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the PAT1 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with LSM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: RNA-binding protein that acts as a translational repressor.

10090:Kif14
gene id: 10090:Kif14
uniprot id: L0N7N1
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Directly interacts with PRC1 within a complex also containing KIF4A, KIF20A and KIF23; targets to the central spindle. Directly interacts with CIT depending on the activation state of the kinase (stronger interaction with the kinase-dead form); targets to the midbody. Interacts with ARRB2; the interaction is detected in the nucleus upon OR1D2 stimulation (By similarity). Interacts with AKT1; the interaction is detected in the plasma membrane upon INS stimulation and promotes AKT1 phosphorylation. Interacts with SVIL; at midbody during cytokinesis. Interacts with RADIL (via PDZ domain); recruits RADIL to the microtubule network restricting RADIL from interaction with activated RAP1A.
messages: Microtubule motor protein that binds to microtubules with high affinity through each tubulin heterodimer and has an ATPase activity (PubMed:24949858). Plays a role in many processes like cell division, cytokinesis and also in cell proliferation and apoptosis (By similarity). During cytokinesis, targets to central spindle and midbody through its interaction with PRC1 and CIT respectively (By similarity). Regulates cell growth through regulation of cell cycle progression and cytokinesis. During cell cycle progression acts through SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process which controls CDKN1B degradation, resulting in positive regulation of cyclins, including CCNE1, CCND1 and CCNB1 (By similarity). During late neurogenesis, regulates the cerebellar and cerebral cortex development and olfactory bulb development through regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and cell division (PubMed:23308235, PubMed:24931760). Also is required for chromosome congression and alignment during mitotic cell cycle process (By similarity). Regulates cell spreading, focal adhesion dynamics, and cell migration through its interaction with RADIL resulting in regulation of RAP1A-mediated inside-out integrin activation by tethering RADIL on microtubules (By similarity).
messages: Midbody
messages: Nucleus
messages: The kinesin motor domain binds to microtubules with high affinity and has a robust ATPase activity but a very slow motility. The kinesin motor domain protects microtubules from cold depolymerization. Binds to each tubulin heterodimer resulting in a microtubule complexes. Binds at the tubulin intradimer interface, at the crest of the protofilament, and orients slightly toward the next protofilament.
messages: The lag homozygous mutant mice that lack detectable Kif14 expression are indistinguishable from normal littermates at birth. At P10, mutants exhibit an overt ataxic phenotype that increased in severity over time. At P12, lag homozygous mutant mice are unable to stand for 10 s on a narrow platform. Their gait is wide and uncoordinated, and they frequently fell on their backs while walking. These defects in voluntary movement control, posture and balance are accompanied by progressive weakness and failure to gain body weight. By P14, the homozygous mutants in a litter could be identified by their small size and uncontrolled movements. The homozygous mutants all died by P21. The lag homozygous mutant mice also display a flathead, a reduction in brain size, slender optic nerves, and a translucent spinal cord.
messages: spindle

10090:Hspa4l
gene id: 10090:Hspa4l
uniprot id: P48722
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the heat shock protein 70 family.
messages: By hyperosmolar salt stress and heat shock.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Highly expressed in testis. Also expressed in renal medulla of water-restricted animals.
messages: Homodimer.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Possesses chaperone activity in vitro where it inhibits aggregation of citrate synthase.

10090:Olfr1234
gene id: 10090:Olfr1234
uniprot id: A2AVK5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Plxnd1
gene id: 10090:Plxnd1
uniprot id: Q3UH93
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the plexin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Cell surface receptor for SEMA4A and for class 3 semaphorins, such as SEMA3A, SEMA3C and SEMA3E. Plays an important role in cell-cell signaling, and in regulating the migration of a wide spectrum of cell types. Regulates the migration of thymocytes in the medulla. Regulates endothelial cell migration. Plays an important role in ensuring the specificity of synapse formation. Mediates anti-angiogenic signaling in response to SEMA3E. Required for normal development of the heart and vasculature.
messages: Detected in embryonic heart and vascular endothelium, brain, dorsal root ganglia, adrenal gland, lung mesenchyme, small intestine and in the ossification centers of vertebral bodies.
messages: Interacts with NRP1 and SEMA4A (PubMed:15239958, PubMed:17318185). Interacts with SH3BP1; they dissociate upon SEMA3E binding to PLXND1 allowing SH3BP1 to transduce downstream signal through RAC1 inactivation (By similarity).
messages: Neonate lethality, due to defects in the development of the heart outflow tract and in aortic arch patterning, plus defects in peripheral vasculature. Mice also display skeletal defects, but these may be caused by defects in the embryonic vasculature.
messages: lamellipodium membrane

10090:Olfr1246
gene id: 10090:Olfr1246
uniprot id: Q7TQZ6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane

10090:Cilp2
gene id: 10090:Cilp2
uniprot id: D3Z7H8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Expressed in articulated and meniscal cartilage (at protein level). Also detected in heart, skeletal muscle and brain. Not detected in growth plate cartilage.
messages: In the knee joint, detected in articular cartilage from 2 weeks of age but not at earlier stages (at protein level). Initially localizes to the surface zone of articular cartilage but by maturity (8 weeks) is found in the intermediate to deep zones (at protein level).
messages: May be cleaved into 2 chains possibly by a furin-like protease upon or preceding secretion.
messages: May play a role in cartilage scaffolding.
messages: N-glycosylated.
messages: extracellular matrix

10090:Irx1
gene id: 10090:Irx1
uniprot id: P81068
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TALE/IRO homeobox family.
messages: Expressed in specific and overlapping patterns with Irx1 and Irx2 in the developing and adult metanephric kidney. In the adult metanephros, renal expression is found in the loop of Henle in the S3 proximal tubule segment and in the thick ascending limb (TAL) of the distal tubule.
messages: First detected in the mesoderm at stage 7.5 dpc. During neurogenesis (9.5 dpc to 10.5 dpc), predominantly expressed along the anteroposterior axis of the CNS in the mesencephalon, metencephalon, rhombencephalon and spinal cord, with expression excluded from the midbrain-hindbrain junction. Beginning at 9.5 dpc, expression is found in the epithelial component of the branchial arches and foregut. At later stages, expressed in somites. At 10.5 dpc, expressed in the cephalic mesenchyme surrounding the optic vesicle. By 12.5 dpc, expression remains in the mesenchyme and also begins in the neuroretina, and at 16.5 dpc expression is exclusively located in the inner neuroblast layers of the neuroretina. Starting at the otic vesicle stage, shows regionalized expression in the developing inner ear with expression in the entire otic vesicle from 10.5 dpc onwards. Expressed in distinct patterns in the developing limb buds from 10.5 dpc onwards. Expressed in the developing heart in the ventricular septum from the onset of its formation (10.5 dpc) onward. In fetal stages, expression becomes confined to the myocardium of the atrioventricular bundle and bundle branches of the forming ventricular conduction system.
messages: Nucleus

10090:Fabp1
gene id: 10090:Fabp1
uniprot id: P12710
uniprot id: Q3V2F7
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the calycin superfamily. Fatty-acid binding protein (FABP) family.
messages: Binds free fatty acids and their coenzyme A derivatives, bilirubin, and some other small molecules in the cytoplasm. May be involved in intracellular lipid transport.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates hydrophobic ligands in its interior.
messages: Plays a role in lipoprotein-mediated cholesterol uptake in hepatocytes. Binds cholesterol. Binds free fatty acids and their coenzyme A derivatives, bilirubin, and some other small molecules in the cytoplasm. May be involved in intracellular lipid transport.

10090:Fam114a1
gene id: 10090:Fam114a1
uniprot id: Q9D281
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At embryonic days 12 and 15, it is strongly expressed in the ventricular and intermediate zones of the brain and of the spinal cord. At postnatal day 10, it is detected in the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus, the cerebellum and the olfactory bulb.
messages: Belongs to the FAM114 family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: May play a role in neuronal cell development.
messages: Over-expressed in brain. Also detected in lung, stomach, and in a lower extent in testis and thymus.

10090:Abcb7
gene id: 10090:Abcb7
uniprot id: Q61102
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the ABC transporter superfamily. ABCB family. Heavy Metal importer (TC 3.A.1.210) subfamily.
messages: Exports glutathione-coordinated iron-sulfur clusters such as [2Fe-2S]-(GS)4 cluster from the mitochondria to the cytosol in an ATP-dependent manner allowing the assembly of the cytosolic iron-sulfur (Fe/S) cluster-containing proteins and participates in iron homeostasis (PubMed:16424901, PubMed:16467350). Moreover, through a functional complex formed of ABCB7, FECH and ABCB10, also plays a role in the cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). In cardiomyocytes, regulates cellular iron homeostasis and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels through its interaction with COX4I1 (By similarity). May also play a role in hematopoiesis (PubMed:17192398).
messages: Heterozygous females for Abcb7 with a maternally inherited mutant allele die embryonically, due to a defect in the extra-embryonic visceral endoderm, while heterozygous females with a paternally inherited mutant allele are viable (PubMed:16467350). The systemic and tissue-specific deletion of ABCB7 in most organs, including CNS and bone marrow, is lethal (PubMed:16467350). Conditionnal knockout in hepatocyte causes periportal hepatocellular iron deposition with characteristic round structures and leads to iron-dependent regulation of IRP1 protein (PubMed:16467350, PubMed:16424901).
messages: Homodimer or heterodimer. Interacts with C10orf88/PAAT (By similarity). Forms a complex with ABCB10 and FECH, where a dimeric FECH bridges ABCB7 and ABCB10 homodimers; this complex may be required for cellular iron homeostasis, mitochondrial function and heme biosynthesis (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with FECH (PubMed:30765471). Interacts with ATP5F1A. Interacts with COX4I1; this interaction allows the regulation of cellular iron homeostasis and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cardiomyocytes (By similarity).
messages: Mitochondrion inner membrane

10090:Npy
gene id: 10090:Npy
uniprot id: P57774
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the NPY family.
messages: NPY is implicated in the control of feeding and in secretion of gonadotrophin-release hormone.
messages: One of the most abundant peptides in the nervous system. Also found in some chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.
messages: Secreted
messages: The neuropeptide Y form is cleaved at Pro-30 by the prolyl endopeptidase FAP (seprase) activity (in vitro).
messages: neuronal dense core vesicle

10090:Mrps35
gene id: 10090:Mrps35
uniprot id: Q8BJZ4
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the mitochondrion-specific ribosomal protein mS35 family.
messages: Component of the mitochondrial ribosome small subunit (28S) which comprises a 12S rRNA and about 30 distinct proteins.
messages: Mitochondrion

10090:Mtx2
gene id: 10090:Mtx2
uniprot id: O88441
uniprot id: Q8C454
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the metaxin family.
messages: Interacts with MTX1/metaxin-1. Associates with the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex, composed of at least MICOS10/MIC10, CHCHD3/MIC19, CHCHD6/MIC25, APOOL/MIC27, IMMT/MIC60, APOO/MIC23/MIC26 and QIL1/MIC13. This complex was also known under the names MINOS or MitOS complex. The MICOS complex associates with mitochondrial outer membrane proteins SAMM50, MTX1 and MTX2 (together described as components of the mitochondrial outer membrane sorting assembly machinery (SAM) complex) and DNAJC11, mitochondrial inner membrane protein TMEM11 and with HSPA9. The MICOS and SAM complexes together with DNAJC11 are part of a large protein complex spanning both membranes termed the mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging (MIB) complex (By similarity).
messages: Involved in transport of proteins into the mitochondrion.
messages: Membrane
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Mitochondrion outer membrane

10090:Trim46
gene id: 10090:Trim46
uniprot id: D3YXA6
uniprot id: Q7TNM2
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the TRIM/RBCC family.
messages: Expressed in the central nervous system, including pyramidal neurons and interneurons in the cortex and hippocampus and all neuronal cell types in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex, and in the peripheral nervous system, including the dorsal root ganglion neurons.
messages: Interacts with TUBB3 and TUBA4A.
messages: Microtubule-associated protein that is involved in the formation of parallel microtubule bundles linked by cross-bridges in the proximal axon. Required for the uniform orientation and maintenance of the parallel microtubule fascicles, which are important for efficient cargo delivery and trafficking in axons. Thereby also required for proper axon formation, the establishment of neuronal polarity and proper neuronal migration.
messages: axon
messages: cytoskeleton

10090:Dynlt1c
gene id: 10090:Dynlt1c
uniprot id: P51807
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia (By similarity). May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Plays an important role in male germ cell development and function. Candidate for involvement in male sterility.
messages: Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: First abundantly expressed at the pachytene stage of meiosis and persists throughout spermatogenesis.
messages: Golgi apparatus
messages: High level in testis (germ cell-specific). Expressed in sperm (at protein level). 200-fold lower in liver, brain, heart, spleen, and kidney. Levels in thymus and two embryonal carcinoma cell lines were several-fold higher than this low constitutive level.
messages: Homodimer (Probable). The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with RHO (By similarity). Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with DOC2A, DOC2B and SCN10A. Interacts with PVR. Interacts with SVIL isoform 2. Interacts with GNB1; the interaction occurs in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma; the interaction diminishes the association of DYNLT1 with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Interacts with GNB2, GNB3 and GNB5; the interactions occur in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma. Interacts with ACVR2B and ARHGEF2 (By similarity). Interacts with DNAI4 (PubMed:30060180).
messages: Phosphorylated by BMPR2. The phosphorylation status is proposed to regulate the association with the cytoplasmic dynein complex and may have role in cytoplasmic dynein cargo release (By similarity).
messages: Plays a role in neuronal morphogenesis; the function is independent of cytoplasmic dynein and seems to be coupled to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by enhancing Rac1 activity. The function in neurogenesis may be regulated by association with a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. May function as a receptor-independent activator of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling; the activation appears to be independent of a nucleotide exchange. Plays a role in regulating neurogenesis; inhibits the genesis of neurons from precursor cells during cortical development presumably by antagonizing ARHGEF2. Unrelated to the role in retrograde microtubule-associated movement may play a role in the dimerization of cytoplasmic proteins/domains such as for ACVR2B. Binds to the cytoplasmic domain of ACVR2B and, in vitro, inhibits ACVR2B signaling. Involved in the regulation of mitotic spindle orientation.
messages: spindle

10090:Mxd3
gene id: 10090:Mxd3
uniprot id: Q80US8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Binds DNA as a heterodimer with MAX. Interacts with SIN3A AND SIN3B. Interacts with RNF17.
messages: Expressed during neural and epidermal differentiation. Expression restricted to proliferating cells prior to differentiation. Specifically expressed in the S phase of the cell cycle in neuronal progenitor cells. In the developing embryo, detected from 9.5 to 12.5 dpc especially in the ventricular zone of the neuroepithelia, in the progression zone of the limb buds and in the aortic arches and liver. In the spinal cord at embryonic days 10.5, 11.5 and 12.5 dpc, expressed in the cells at the perimeter of the ventricular zone. In the developing epidermis, expressed only in the uppermost differentiated cell layers underneath the stratum corneum.
messages: Expressed only in the proliferating areas of the testis and thymus.
messages: Mice deficient for Mxd3 show increased sensitivity of neuronal and lymphoid cells to gamma-radiation induced apoptosis.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional repressor. Binds with MAX to form a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein complex which recognizes the core sequence 5'-CAC[GA]TG-3'. Antagonizes MYC transcriptional activity by competing for MAX and suppresses MYC dependent cell transformation.

10090:Luzp1
gene id: 10090:Luzp1
uniprot id: Q8R4U7
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Nucleus
messages: Predominantly expressed in the brain (at protein level).
messages: centrosome

10090:Kctd9
gene id: 10090:Kctd9
uniprot id: Q80UN1
names: Function
names: Subunit
messages: Forms pentamers. Component of a complex mades of five KCTD9 and five CUL3 subunits.
messages: Substrate-specific adapter of a BCR (BTB-CUL3-RBX1) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, which mediates the ubiquitination of target proteins, leading to their degradation by the proteasome.

10090:Kcp
gene id: 10090:Kcp
uniprot id: Q3U492
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: By renal stresses.
messages: Enhances bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in a paracrine manner. In contrast, it inhibits both the activin-A and TGFB1-mediated signaling pathways.
messages: Interacts with BMP7 and, by doing so, enhances binding to the type I receptors that contains cytoplasmic serine-/threonine protein kinase domains. Also able to interact with activin-A and TGFB1.
messages: Prominently expressed in two areas, the limb buds and the developing kidney, with diffuse staining in the central nervous system. At 9.5 dpc the limb bud mesenchyme is positive. Expression in the kidney region could be detected as early as 9 dpc in the intermediate mesoderm. By 10 dpc, the mesonephric tubules and nephric ducts are clearly positive. At later stages, high levels are localized to the developing tubules. At 18.5 dpc, it is localized to more mature renal tubules located in the developing cortex with little expression detected in the nephrogenic zone.
messages: Secreted
messages: Weakly expressed in embryonic kidney and brain. Not expressed in adult tissues and several cell lines.

10090:Ndst4
gene id: 10090:Ndst4
uniprot id: Q9EQW8
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the sulfotransferase 1 family. NDST subfamily.
messages: Essential bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes both the N-deacetylation and the N-sulfation of glucosamine (GlcNAc) of the glycosaminoglycan in heparan sulfate. Modifies the GlcNAc-GlcA disaccharide repeating sugar backbone to make N-sulfated heparosan, a prerequisite substrate for later modifications in heparin biosynthesis. Has low deacetylase activity but high sulfotransferase activity.
messages: Expressed at low level in brain and throughout embryogenesis. Not expressed in other tissues.
messages: Golgi apparatus membrane
messages: Monomer.
messages: The presence of 4 different heparan sulfate N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase enzymes in mammals, as well as differences in their enzyme activity suggest that some initiate heparan sulfate modification/sulfation reactions, whereas other later on fill in or extend already modified heparan sulfate sequences.

10090:Adgrl3
gene id: 10090:Adgrl3
uniprot id: D3Z3X6
uniprot id: D3Z634
uniprot id: D3Z6H9
uniprot id: Q80TS3
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 2 family. LN-TM7 subfamily.
messages: Cell junction
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT3 (via extracellular domain); the interaction is direct(PubMed:22405201, PubMed:24739570, PubMed:26235031). Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and UNC5B; does not interact with UNC5B by itself. Identified in a complex with FLRT3 and UNC5D; does not interact with UNC5D by itself (By similarity). Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT1 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:22405201). Interacts (via olfactomedin-like domain) with FLRT2 (via extracellular domain) (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25728924). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TENM1 (PubMed:24739570). Interacts (via extracellular domain) with TENM3 (PubMed:22405201).
messages: Membrane
messages: Mutant mice are viable and present no obvious physical phenotype. Compared to wild-type, mutants are hyperactive, and their dorsal striatum contains higher levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Cocaine treatment causes a higher increase in locomotor activity than in wild-type.
messages: O-glycosylated (major) and N-glycosylated.
messages: Plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and neuron guidance via its interactions with FLRT2 and FLRT3 that are expressed at the surface of adjacent cells (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:25728924, PubMed:26235031). Plays a role in the development of glutamatergic synapses in the cortex (PubMed:22405201, PubMed:24739570). Important in determining the connectivity rates between the principal neurons in the cortex (PubMed:24739570).
messages: Proteolytically cleaved into 2 subunits, an extracellular subunit and a seven-transmembrane subunit.
messages: The Olfactomedin-like domain is required for the synapse-promoting function and the interaction with FLRT3. The Olfactomedin-like and the SUEL-type lectin domains are required for the interaction with TENM1.
messages: axon

10090:Vmn1r50
gene id: 10090:Vmn1r50
uniprot id: Q9EP51
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Expressed in a subset of sensory neurons located in the apical layer of the vomeronasal organ.
messages: Mice lacking all but one V1ra and V1rb gene (12% of the V1r repertoire) show a lack of chemosensory response to a subset of known pheromonal ligands and changes in maternal aggression as well as male reproductive behavior.
messages: Putative pheromone receptor implicated in the regulation of social and reproductive behavior.

10090:Snap47
gene id: 10090:Snap47
uniprot id: Q8R570
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Associates with the BLOC-1 complex. Interacts with BLOC1S6 (By similarity). Forms a complex containing SNAP47, VAMP2 and STX1A.
messages: Belongs to the SVAP1 family.
messages: Endomembrane system
messages: Expressed as early as 10 dpc in developing brain and reaches maximal levels at 18 dpc.
messages: May play a role in intracellular membrane fusion.
messages: Ubiquitously expressed with the most abundant expression in the brain. In brain, most highly expressed in the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, the cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and colliculi (at protein level).
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Ctnna3
gene id: 10090:Ctnna3
uniprot id: Q65CL1
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the vinculin/alpha-catenin family.
messages: Expressed in heart (at protein level).
messages: Interacts with CTNNB1 (PubMed:11590244). Interacts with PKP2 (By similarity).
messages: May be involved in formation of stretch-resistant cell-cell adhesion complexes.
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: desmosome

10090:Cldn34b3
gene id: 10090:Cldn34b3
uniprot id: Q80ZS5
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the claudin family.
messages: Cell membrane
messages: Membrane
messages: tight junction

10090:Xk
gene id: 10090:Xk
uniprot id: Q059K7
uniprot id: Q9QXY7
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the XK family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Heterodimer with Kell; disulfide-linked. Interacts with VPS13A.
messages: Membrane
messages: Recruits the lipid transfer protein VPS13A from lipid droplets to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane.

10090:Gpx4
gene id: 10090:Gpx4
uniprot id: O70325
uniprot id: Q76LV0
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the glutathione peroxidase family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Embryonic lethality in utero at midgestation, caused by inability to initiate gastrulation and the absence of embryonic cavities (PubMed:12745070). Conditional knockout mice lacking Gpx4 in spermatocytes causes sperm abnormalities and male infertility (PubMed:19783653). Conditional knockout mice lacking Gpx4 in photoreceptor cells causes retinal degeneration, decreased mitochondrial biomass and decreased number of connecting cilia in these cells (PubMed:22207760). Mice display neurodegeneration (PubMed:18762024). Conditional knockout mice lacking Gpx4 in neurons show reduced parvalbumin-positive interneurons and develop phenotypes, such as cerebellar hypoplasia and seizures (PubMed:19890015, PubMed:24599700). Induced disruption of Gpx4 in mice causes acute renal failure and early death due to ferroptosis (PubMed:25402683).
messages: Essential antioxidant peroxidase that directly reduces phospholipid hydroperoxide even if they are incorporated in membranes and lipoproteins (PubMed:29290465). Can also reduce fatty acid hydroperoxide, cholesterol hydroperoxide and thymine hydroperoxide (By similarity). Plays a key role in protecting cells from oxidative damage by preventing membrane lipid peroxidation (PubMed:12566075). Required to prevent cells from ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic cell death resulting from an iron-dependent accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (PubMed:12566075, PubMed:24439385, PubMed:25402683, PubMed:25922076, PubMed:29290465). The presence of selenocysteine (Sec) versus Cys at the active site is essential for life: it provides resistance to overoxidation and prevents cells against ferroptosis (PubMed:29290465). The presence of Sec at the active site is also essential for the survival of a specific type of parvalbumin-positive interneurons, thereby preventing against fatal epileptic seizures (PubMed:29290465). May be required to protect cells from the toxicity of ingested lipid hydroperoxides (PubMed:12566075). Required for normal sperm development and male fertility (PubMed:19783653, PubMed:25922076). Essential for maturation and survival of photoreceptor cells (PubMed:22207760). Plays a role in a primary T-cell response to viral and parasitic infection by protecting T-cells from ferroptosis and by supporting T-cell expansion (PubMed:25824823). Plays a role of glutathione peroxidase in platelets in the arachidonic acid metabolism (By similarity). Reduces hydroperoxy ester lipids formed by a 15-lipoxygenase that may play a role as down-regulator of the cellular 15-lipoxygenase pathway (By similarity).
messages: Highly expressed during embryogenesis (PubMed:1668477). Down-regulated between 14.5 dpc and 17.5 dpc (PubMed:1668477).
messages: Highly expressed during embryogenesis (PubMed:1668477). In contrast to isoform Mitochondrial and isoform Nuclear, which are down-regulated between 14.5 dpc and 17.5 dpc, remains constant (PubMed:1668477).
messages: Isoform mitochondrial: Selective disruption of isoform mitochondrial causes sperm abnormalities and male infertility (PubMed:19417079).
messages: Mainly expressed in sperm (PubMed:11344099). Weakly expressed during embryogenesis (PubMed:1668477). Down-regulated between 14.5 dpc and 17.5 dpc (PubMed:1668477).
messages: Mitochondrion
messages: Monomer. Has a tendency to form higher mass oligomers.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Produced by alternative initiation at Met-28 of isoform Mitochondrial.
messages: Required for male fertility by stabilizing the condensed chromatin in sperm nuclei (PubMed:12566075).
messages: Specifically able to suppress the production of leukotriene and prostaglandin in response to several stimuli by reducing fatty acid hydroperoxide.
messages: Specifically required to prevent mitochondrial cell death by mediating reduction of cardiolipin hydroperoxide (By similarity). Also required for normal sperm development and male fertility (PubMed:19417079).
messages: The presence of selenolate in the active site is essential for resistance to overoxidation: in the absence of reducing equivalents, the enzyme can form a selenylamide intermediate during its catalytic cycle, thereby preventing its irreversible overoxidation.
messages: Widely expressed with the highest levels in testis, heart, cerebrum, ileum, stomach, liver, jejunum and epididymis (PubMed:17503194). Expressed primarily in testis and sperm midpiece (at protein level) (PubMed:19417079, PubMed:12566075). Expressed in brain (at protein level) (PubMed:22207760, PubMed:12566075). Expressed in heart, liver and kidney (at protein level) (PubMed:12566075). Expressed in retina, especially in inner segments of photoreceptor cells (at protein level) (PubMed:22207760).

10090:Zfp148
gene id: 10090:Zfp148
uniprot id: Q61624
names: Developmental Stage
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Detected in embryos from 7 dpc to 17 dpc. Expression decreases in developing skeletal muscles.
messages: Interacts with HNRNPDL (By similarity). Interacts with the 5FMC complex; the interaction requires association with CHTOP (PubMed:22872859). Interacts with CAVIN1 (PubMed:10727401).
messages: Involved in transcriptional regulation. Represses the transcription of a number of genes including gastrin, stromelysin and enolase. Binds to the G-rich box in the enhancer region of these genes.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Strong expression detected in brain, lung, liver and kidney, with lower levels detected in spleen, skeletal muscle, testis and heart.
messages: Sumoylated with SUMO2. Desumoylated by SENP3, resulting in the stimulation of transcription of its target genes.

10090:Kif5a
gene id: 10090:Kif5a
uniprot id: P33175
uniprot id: Q3US62
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family.
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class myosin-kinesin ATPase superfamily. Kinesin family. Kinesin subfamily.
messages: Composed of three structural domains: a large globular N-terminal domain which is responsible for the motor activity of kinesin (it hydrolyzes ATP and binds microtubule), a central alpha-helical coiled coil domain that mediates the heavy chain dimerization; and a small globular C-terminal domain which interacts with other proteins (such as the kinesin light chains), vesicles and membranous organelles.
messages: Death shortly after birth. Neuron-specific deletion within the first 3 weeks after birth is lethal in 75% of animals. Surviving animals show accumulation of neurofilament proteins in neuronal soma, age-dependent sensory neuron degeneration, loss of large caliber axons, and hind limb paralysis with a stronger effect on sensory neurons compared with motor neurons.
messages: Microtubule-dependent motor required for slow axonal transport of neurofilament proteins (NFH, NFM and NFL) (PubMed:12682084). Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner. The ZFYVE27-KIF5A complex contributes to the vesicular transport of VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A, RAB11B and RTN3 proteins in neurons (PubMed:21976701). Required for anterograde axonal transportation of MAPK8IP3/JIP3 which is essential for MAPK8IP3/JIP3 function in axon elongation (By similarity).
messages: Oligomer composed of two heavy chains and two light chains. Interacts with GRIP1 (PubMed:11986669). Interacts with FMR1 (via C-terminus); this interaction is increased in a mGluR-dependent manner (PubMed:18539120). Interacts with BORCS5 (By similarity). Interacts with ZFYVE27 (PubMed:21976701, PubMed:24251978). Interacts with VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A (GDP-bound form), RAB11B (GDP-bound form) and RTN3 in a ZFYVE27-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701). Interacts with BICD2 (By similarity). Interacts with DTNB (PubMed:14600269).
messages: Perikaryon
messages: cytoskeleton
messages: perinuclear region

10090:Cnksr2
gene id: 10090:Cnksr2
uniprot id: A2AI78
uniprot id: Q80YA9
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the CNKSR family.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: Interacts with RAF1, RAB2L and RAL GTPase proteins.
messages: May function as an adapter protein or regulator of Ras signaling pathways.
messages: Membrane
messages: Phosphorylated on tyrosine.

10090:Zfpm1
gene id: 10090:Zfpm1
uniprot id: O35615
names: Developmental Stage
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the FOG (Friend of GATA) family.
messages: First expressed in two extraembryonic mesodermal derivatives, the yolk sac and the allantois in 8.5 dpc embryos. Localized to the embryonic red blood cells within the yolk sac blood islands.
messages: Interacts with the N-terminal zinc-finger of GATA1, GATA2 and GATA3. Interacts with corepressor CTBP2; this interaction is however not essential for corepressor activity in erythropoiesis. Interacts with TACC3.
messages: Mainly expressed in hematopoietic tissues. Expressed in the spleen, a primary site of hematopoiesis in the adult mouse, as well as in the liver and testis, but not in the heart, brain, lung, kidney, or skeletal muscle. Among hematopoietic cell lines, it is strongly expressed in erythroid and megakaryocytic cell lines. Expressed at low level in several lymphoid and early myeloid cell lines. Not expressed in mast cell and macrophage lines. Expressed in the heart, where it colocalizes with GATA4, GATA5 and GATA6.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The CCHC FOG-type zinc fingers 1, 2, 3 and 5 bind directly to GATA-type zinc fingers. The Tyr residue adjacent to the last Cys of the CCHC FOG-type zinc finger is essential for the interaction with GATA-type zinc fingers.
messages: Transcription regulator that plays an essential role in erythroid and megakaryocytic cell differentiation. Essential cofactor that acts via the formation of a heterodimer with transcription factors of the GATA family GATA1, GATA2 and GATA3. Such heterodimer can both activate or repress transcriptional activity, depending on the cell and promoter context. The heterodimer formed with GATA proteins is essential to activate expression of genes such as NFE2, ITGA2B, alpha- and beta-globin, while it represses expression of KLF1. May be involved in regulation of some genes in gonads. May also be involved in cardiac development, in a non-redundant way with ZFPM2/FOG2.

10090:H2aj
gene id: 10090:H2aj
uniprot id: Q8R1M2
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the histone H2A family.
messages: Chromosome
messages: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
messages: Glutamine methylation at Gln-105 (H2AQ104me) by FBL is specifically dedicated to polymerase I. It is present at 35S ribosomal DNA locus and impairs binding of the FACT complex (By similarity).
messages: Monoubiquitination of Lys-120 (H2AXK119ub) gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression. Following DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), it is ubiquitinated through 'Lys-63' linkage of ubiquitin moieties (By similarity).
messages: Nucleus
messages: Phosphorylation on Ser-2 (H2AS1ph) is enhanced during mitosis. Phosphorylation on Ser-2 by RPS6KA5/MSK1 directly represses transcription. Acetylation of H3 inhibits Ser-2 phosphorylation by RPS6KA5/MSK1. Phosphorylation at Thr-121 (H2AT120ph) by DCAF1 is present in the regulatory region of many tumor suppresor genes and down-regulates their transcription (By similarity).
messages: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.

10090:Zfp641
gene id: 10090:Zfp641
uniprot id: Q8BZ34
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family.
messages: Nucleus
messages: Transcriptional activator. Activates transcriptional activities of SRE and AP-1 (By similarity).

10090:Rpl23a
gene id: 10090:Rpl23a
uniprot id: P62751
uniprot id: Q5M9M5
names: Domain
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the universal ribosomal protein uL23 family.
messages: Citrullinated by PADI4.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. Interacts with LYAR and GNL2. Interacts with MDM2; this interaction may promote MDM2-mediated p53/TP53 polyubiquitination. Directly interacts (via BIB domain) with IPO5, IPO7, KPNB1 and TNPO1; these interactions are involved in RPL23A nuclear import for the assembly of ribosomal subunits. Interacts with IPO8.
messages: Component of the large ribosomal subunit. The ribosome is a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell. Binds a specific region on the 26S rRNA. May promote p53/TP53 degradation possibly through the stimulation of MDM2-mediated TP53 polyubiquitination.
messages: Cytoplasm
messages: N-terminus is methylated by METTL11A/NTM1.
messages: Nucleus
messages: The N-terminal beta-like import receptor binding (BIB) domain mediates interaction with IPO5, IPO7, KPNB1 and TNPO1.

10090:Tmem45a
gene id: 10090:Tmem45a
uniprot id: Q8BFU6
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
messages: Belongs to the TMEM45 family.
messages: Membrane

10090:Tph1
gene id: 10090:Tph1
uniprot id: P17532
uniprot id: Q3TZH2
uniprot id: Q3UK52
uniprot id: Q9JHZ8
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: PTM
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
messages: Belongs to the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family.
messages: Homotetramer.
messages: Mice display impaired hemostasis, resulting in a reduced risk of thrombosis and thromboembolism, although the ultrastructure of the platelets is not affected (PubMed:14697203). Blood platelet counts are normal (PubMed:14697203). Defects are caused by inability to inability to mediate protein serotonylation of small GTPases during activation and aggregation of platelets (PubMed:14697203).
messages: Oxidizes L-tryptophan to 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan in the rate-determining step of serotonin biosynthesis.
messages: Phosphorylated; triggering degradation by the proteasome.
messages: Ubiquitinated, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Ubiquitinated is triggered by phosphorylation.

10090:Prss56
gene id: 10090:Prss56
uniprot id: F2YMG0
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the peptidase S1 family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
messages: Expressed in the eye: present in the retina and in the optic nerve.
messages: First detected in the eye at 17 dpc and maintained into adulthood.
messages: Mice display the glaucoma-relevant mutant 4 (Grm4) phenotype, with angle-closure glaucoma and eyes having short axial length. High intraocular pressure (IOP) in mutant eyes increases with age and the anterior chambers become enlarged in some eyes at around 3 months of age. Eye's angles are not occluded with abnormal tissue (synechia) and have detectable trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal (2 important drainage structures). However, compromised aqueous humor drainage (outflow) contributes to the IOP elevation. After IOP elevation, mutants develop glaucomatous neurodegeneration, which is characterized by retinal ganglion cell death and optic nerve atrophy.
messages: Serine protease required during eye development.

10090:Eif2s3y
gene id: 10090:Eif2s3y
uniprot id: Q9Z0N2
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Miscellaneous
names: Similarity
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: As a subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF-2), involved in the early steps of protein synthesis. In the presence of GTP, eIF-2 forms a ternary complex with initiator tRNA Met-tRNAi and then recruits the 40S ribosomal complex and initiation factors eIF-1, eIF-1A and eIF-3 to form the 43S pre-initiation complex (43S PIC), a step that determines the rate of protein translation. The 43S PIC binds to mRNA and scans downstream to the initiation codon, where it forms a 48S initiation complex by codon-anticodon base pairing. This leads to the displacement of eIF-1 to allow GTPase-activating protein (GAP) eIF-5-mediated hydrolysis of eIF2-bound GTP. Hydrolysis of GTP and release of Pi, which makes GTP hydrolysis irreversible, causes the release of the eIF-2-GDP binary complex from the 40S subunit, an event that is essential for the subsequent joining of the 60S ribosomal subunit to form an elongation-competent 80S ribosome. In order for eIF-2 to recycle and catalyze another round of initiation, the GDP bound to eIF-2 must be exchanged with GTP by way of a reaction catalyzed by GDP-GTP exchange factor (GEF) eIF-2B (By similarity). Along with its paralog on chromosome X, may contribute to spermatogenesis up to the round spermatid stage (PubMed:11528390, PubMed:25579647, PubMed:26823431).
messages: Belongs to the TRAFAC class translation factor GTPase superfamily. Classic translation factor GTPase family. EIF2G subfamily.
messages: Has a homolog on chromosome X (Eif2s3x).
messages: Knockout males are infertile. Their testes are smaller as compared to wild-type fertile males and exhibit spermatogonial proliferation block.
messages: The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 complex/eIF2 is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha subunit, also called subunit 1 (encoded by EIF2S1), a beta subunit, also called subunit 2 (encoded by EIF2S2) and a gamma subunit, also called subunit 3 (encoded by 2 homologous genes Eif2s3x and Eif2s3y).
messages: Widely expressed. In the adult brain, high levels in hippocampus, habenula, hypothalamic nuclei and cerebellum. Also expressed in embryonic brain.

10090:Rorb
gene id: 10090:Rorb
uniprot id: Q8R1B8
names: Developmental Stage
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Domain
names: Function
names: Induction
names: Sequence Caution
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: AF-2 (activation function-2) motif is required for recruiting coregulators containing the LXXLL motif, such as NCOA1, and control the transactivational activity.
messages: Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR1 subfamily.
messages: Expressed in inner and outer neuroblastic layer as well as in the ganglion cell layer of the developing retina. Expressed in bone marrow osteoprogenitor cells.
messages: Expressed in the lateral cortical plate at 18.5 dpc and only very weakly expressed by cortical neurons at 15.5 dpc. Expression progressively increases in layer IV neurons of the prospective somatosensory, visual and auditory cortices. At much lower levels, also expressed by scattered neurons in layer V in these areas. By P4, expression is striking in the whisker barrel cortex of the somatosensory cortex. During retinal development, isoform 1 is broadly expressed in between 13.5 dpc and P5 then declines and is maintained at lower levels into adulthood. At 15.5 dpc, is expressed in the immature cochlea, brainstem, spinal cord and cerebral cortex. Isoform 2 is first detected at low levels at late embryonic stages (18.5 dpc), the expression highly increases during the first postnatal week and is maintained during the adulthood.
messages: Induced by aging in bone marrow.
messages: Intron retention.
messages: Isoform 1 is critical for hindlimb motor control and for the differentiation of amacrine and horizontal cells in the retina. Regulates the expression of PTF1A synergistically with FOXN4.
messages: Mice are blind, show juvenile ataxia, duck gait, hind paw clasping reflex as well as delayed onset of male fertility. They suffer a degeneration of the retina during postnatal development with severe defects in photoreceptor cell morphology. Mice display reduced anxiety and learned helplessness-related behaviors. They also show a significant increase of the circadian period. Knockouts for isoform 1 display duck gait and lack amacrine and horizontal cells with an excess of ganglion cells in the retina (PubMed:23652001).
messages: Monomer. Interacts with CRX.
messages: Nuclear receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to ROR response elements (RORE) containing a single core motif half-site 5'-AGGTCA-3' preceded by a short A-T-rich sequence. Considered to have intrinsic transcriptional activity, have some natural ligands such as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and other retinoids which act as inverse agonists repressing the transcriptional activity. Required for normal postnatal development of rod and cone photoreceptor cells. Modulates rod photoreceptors differentiation at least by inducing the transcription factor NRL-mediated pathway. In cone photoreceptor cells, regulates transcription of OPN1SW. Involved in the regulation of the period length and stability of the circadian rhythm. May control cytoarchitectural patterning of neocortical neurons during development. May act in a dose-dependent manner to regulate barrel formation upon innervation of layer IV neurons by thalamocortical axons. May play a role in the suppression of osteoblastic differentiation through the inhibition of RUNX2 transcriptional activity.
messages: Nucleus
messages: nucleoplasm

10090:Tecrl
gene id: 10090:Tecrl
uniprot id: Q8BFZ1
uniprot id: Q8BWI9
names: Developmental Stage
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: At embryonic day 8.5 dpc, expressed in the developing heart with the strongest expression occurring in the inflow tract, especially in the left horn. At 9.5 dpc, expression is still detectable in the atria and ventricles, albeit at lower levels whereas strong expression remains in the inflow tract. From 10 dpc onwards, it is also expressed at low levels in somites, particularly in the myotome region, that gives rise to skeletal muscle. At 10.5 dpc, cardiac expression is no longer restricted to the inflow tract. At 14.5 dpc, it is expressed in the entire myocardium.
messages: Belongs to the steroid 5-alpha reductase family.
messages: Endoplasmic reticulum
messages: Expression is highest in the heart with very low to almost undetectable levels in brain, skeletal muscle, stomach, pancreas, liver, kidney, small intestine, and uterus.
messages: Membrane

10090:Spic
gene id: 10090:Spic
uniprot id: Q6P3D7
names: Disruption Phenotype
names: Function
names: Similarity
names: Subcellular Location Annotation
names: Subunit
names: Tissue Specificity
messages: Belongs to the ETS family.
messages: Binds DNA as a monomer.
messages: Cell-autonomous defect in the development of red pulp macrophages, but normal monocyte and other macrophage subsets. Mice show normal trapping of red blood cells in the spleen, but fail to phagocytose these cells efficiently and develop an iron overload localized selectively to splenic red pulp.
messages: Controls the development of red pulp macrophages required for red blood cells recycling and iron homeostasis. Transcription factor that binds to the PU-box, a purine-rich DNA sequence (5'-GAGGA[AT]-3') that can act as a lymphoid-specific enhancer. Regulates VCAM1 gene expression.
messages: Expressed in lymphoid tissues, including spleen, bone marrow and thymus. According to PubMed:19037245, highly expressed in red pulp macrophages and, at lower, levels in B-cells, but not in other cells, including, monocytes, dendritic cells and other tissue macrophages. According to PubMed:10464163 expressed in pre- and mature B-cells but not in immature B-cells; according to PubMed:10187812 not expressed in pre- but predominantly in mature B-cells and at lower levels in macrophages.
messages: Nucleus