Enterobacteria phage T4, complete genome.
Viruses; Duplodnaviria; Heunggongvirae; Uroviricota; Caudoviricetes; Straboviridae; Tevenvirinae; Tequatrovirus.
Bacteriophage T4 RNA ligase 2 (gp24.1) exemplifies a family of RNA ligases found in all phylogenetic domains
Erratum:[Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002 Oct 15;99(21):13961]
Focused genetic recombination of bacteriophage t4 initiated by double-strand breaks
The gene e.1 (nudE.1) of T4 bacteriophage designates a new member of the Nudix hydrolase superfamily active on flavin adenine dinucleotide, adenosine 5'-triphospho-5'-adenosine, and ADP-ribose
Identification of two middle promoters upstream DNA ligase gene 30 of bacteriophage T4
Intronless homing: site-specific endonuclease SegF of bacteriophage T4 mediates localized marker exclusion analogous to homing endonucleases of group I introns
Structural basis for the thioredoxin-like activity profile of the glutaredoxin-like NrdH-redoxin from Escherichia coli
An ancient player unmasked: T4 rI encodes a t-specific antiholin
Two new early bacteriophage T4 genes, repEA and repEB, that are important for DNA replication initiated from origin E
Several new bacteriophage T4 genes, mapped by sequencing deletion endpoints between genes 56 (dCTPase) and dda (a DNA-dependent ATPase-helicase) modulate transcription
The largest (70 kDa) product of the bacteriophage T4 DNA terminase gene 17 binds to single-stranded DNA segments and digests them towards junctions with double-stranded DNA
The spectrum of acridine resistant mutants of bacteriophage T4 reveals cryptic effects of the tsL141 DNA polymerase allele on spontaneous mutagenesis
The roles of the bacteriophage T4 r genes in lysis inhibition and fine-structure genetics: a new perspective
Nucleotide sequence and revised map location of the arn gene from bacteriophage T4
A phage T4 site-specific endonuclease, SegE, is responsible for a non-reciprocal genetic exchange between T-even-related phages
A rare type of overlapping genes in bacteriophage T4: gene 30.3' is completely embedded within gene 30.3 by one position downstream
Bacteriophage T4 UvsW protein is a helicase involved in recombination, repair and the regulation of DNA replication origins
Expression of the bacteriophage T4 DNA terminase genes 16 and 17 yields multiple proteins
Destabilization of bacteriophage T4 mRNAs by a mutation of gene 61.5
Phage T4-coded Stp: double-edged effector of coupled DNA and tRNA-restriction systems
Bacteriophage T4 gene 55.9 encodes an activity required for anaerobic ribonucleotide reduction
The ADP-ribosyltransferases (gpAlt) of bacteriophages T2, T4, and T6: sequencing of the genes and comparison of their products
Direct PCR sequencing of the ndd gene of bacteriophage T4: identification of a product involved in bacterial nucleoid disruption
Analysis of five presumptive protein-coding sequences clustered between the primosome genes, 41 and 61, of bacteriophages T4, T2, and T6
The asiA gene of bacteriophage T4 codes for the anti-sigma 70 protein
Overexpression, purification, sequence analysis, and characterization of the T4 bacteriophage dda DNA helicase
Sequence and characterization of the bacteriophage T4 comC alpha gene product, a possible transcription antitermination factor
Identification of a family of bacteriophage T4 genes encoding proteins similar to those present in group I introns of fungi and phage
Gene rIII is the nearest downstream neighbour of bacteriophage T4 gene 31
The nucleotide sequence between genes 31 and 30 of bacteriophage T4
Two bacteriophage T4 base plate genes (25 and 26) and the DNA repair gene uvsY belong to spatially and temporally overlapping transcription units
Nucleotide sequences of bacteriophage T4 genes 6, 7 and 8
Nucleotide sequence and control of transcription of the bacteriophage T4 motA regulatory gene
The nucleotide sequence of the region of bacteriophage T4 inh(lip)-hoc genes
Bacteriophage T4 DNA packaging genes 16 and 17
The rIIA gene of bacteriophage T4. I. Its DNA sequence and discovery of a new open reading frame between genes 60 and rIIA
The bacteriophage T4 gene mrh whose product inhibits late T4 gene expression in an Escherichia coli rpoH (sigma 32) mutant
Cloning, sequence analysis, and expression of the bacteriophage T4 cd gene
Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of bacteriophage T4 gene 22
Functional relationships and structural determinants of two bacteriophage T4 lysozymes: a soluble (gene e) and a baseplate-associated (gene 5) protein
Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of bacteriophage T4 gene 20
Organization of the bacteriophage T4 genome between map positions 150.745 and 145.824
Altered expression of the bacteriophage T4 gene 41 (primase-helicase) in an Escherichia coli rho mutant
Nucleotide sequence of the alt gene of bacteriophage T4
Bacteriophage T4 late gene expression: overlapping promoters direct divergent transcription of the base plate gene cluster
The immunity (imm) gene of Escherichia coli bacteriophage T4
Sequencing, cloning and overexpression of genes of bacteriophage T4 between map positions 74.325 and 77.184
Nucleotide sequences of bacteriophage T4 genes 13, 14 and 15
Nucleotide sequences of bacteriophage T4 genes 9, 10 and 11
Cloning, sequence, and expression of the temperature-dependent phage T4 capsid assembly gene 31
Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of bacteriophage T4 gene wac
Total sequence, flanking regions, and transcripts of bacteriophage T4 nrdA gene, coding for alpha chain of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase
Primary structure of T4 DNA polymerase. Evolutionary relatedness to eucaryotic and other procaryotic DNA polymerases
The structure of three bacteriophage T4 genes required for tail-tube assembly
Nucleotide sequence of the tail sheath gene of bacteriophage T4 and amino acid sequence of its product
Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of bacteriophage T4 gene 12
Deoxycytidylate hydroxymethylase gene of bacteriophage T4. Nucleotide sequence determination and over-expression of the gene
Nucleotide sequence of the tail tube structural gene of bacteriophage T4
A persistent untranslated sequence within bacteriophage T4 DNA topoisomerase gene 60
Nucleotide sequence of gene t (lysis gene) of the E. coli phage T4
Receptor-recognizing proteins of T-even type bacteriophages. Constant and hypervariable regions and an unusual case of evolution
Nucleotide sequence and primary structures of gene products coded for by the T4 genome between map positions 48.266 kb and 39.166 kb
Identification of two new bacteriophage T4 genes that may have roles in transcription and DNA replication
The bacteriophage T4 dexA gene: sequence and analysis of a gene conditionally required for DNA replication
Localization of the T4 phage ribonucleotide reductase B1 subunit gene and the nucleotide sequence of its upstream and 5' coding regions
Nucleotide sequence and analysis of the 58.3 to 65.5-kb early region of bacteriophage T4
Nucleotide sequence of a type II DNA topoisomerase gene. Bacteriophage T4 gene 39
The 52-protein subunit of T4 DNA topoisomerase is homologous to the gyrA-protein of gyrase
The bacteriophage T4 gene for the small subunit of ribonucleotide reductase contains an intron
Characterization of the intron in the phage T4 thymidylate synthase gene and evidence for its self-excision from the primary transcript
The nucleotide sequence of gene 21 of bacteriophage T4 coding for the prohead protease
T4-induced alpha- and beta-glucosyltransferase: cloning of the genes and a comparison of their products based on sequencing data
Sequence of the T4 recombination gene, uvsX, and its comparison with that of the recA gene of Escherichia coli
Sequence organization and control of transcription in the bacteriophage T4 tRNA region
T4 polynucleotide kinase; cloning of the gene (pseT) and amplification of its product
Genes 55, alpha gt, 47 and 46 of bacteriophage T4: the genomic organization as deduced by sequence analysis
Nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage T4 gene 23 and the amino acid sequence of its product
Regulation of a new bacteriophage T4 gene, 69, that spans an origin of DNA replication
Gene 68, a new bacteriophage T4 gene which codes for the 17K prohead core protein is involved in head size determination
Identification and characterization of the alc gene product of bacteriophage T4
The bacteriophage T4 regA gene: primary sequence of a translational repressor
Nucleotide sequence reveals overlap between T4 phage genes encoding dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthase
Sequence and cloning of bacteriophage T4 gene 63 encoding RNA ligase and tail fibre attachment activities
Primary structure and genetic organization of phage T4 DNA ligase
Nucleotide sequence of the lysozyme gene of bacteriophage T4. Analysis of mutations involving repeated sequences
Organization and Structure of Four T4 Genes Coding for DNA Replication Proteins
(in) Mathews,C.K., Kutter,E.M., Mosig,G. and Berget,P.B. (Eds.); BACTERIOPHAGE T4: 291-301; American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC (1983)
Gene 67, a new, essential bacteriophage T4 head gene codes for a prehead core component, PIP. I. Genetic mapping and DNA sequence
Nucleotide sequences involved in bacteriophage T4 gene 32 translational self-regulation
DNA sequence of the tail fibre genes 36 and 37 of bacteriophage T4
rII cistrons of bacteriophage T4. DNA sequence around the intercistronic divide and positions of genetic landmarks
Analysis of the region between lysozyme and the tRNA genes of bacteriophage T4
Gene 61.3 of bacteriophage T4 is the spackle gene
The 10.7 kb 'Nonessential' region of Bacteriophage T4 between the genes tk and nrdC: Twenty new T4 genes, generally conserved among T-even phages
Two New Early Bacteriophage T4 Genes, repEA and repEB, are Important for DNA Replication Initiated from Origin E
Submitted (20-MAR-2003) Department of Microbiology, North Carolina State University, Box 7615, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Submitted (01-AUG-2000) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Submitted (21-JUL-2000) The Evergreen State College, Olympia, WA 98505, USA
Submitted (10-JUN-1999) The Evergreen State College, Olympia, WA 98505, USA
REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The\nreference sequence was derived from AF158101.\n\nOn Mar 29, 2003 this sequence version replaced NC_000866.3.\nCOMPLETENESS: full length.
membrane integrity protector; mutants give rapid lysis on various lysogenic strains due to effects of specific prophage products, mistakenly interpreted as related to lysis inhibition
topoisomerase II in T4 and related phages an insertion splits the large Topo II subunit in two parts (gp60 and gp39); a 50-bp segment is inserted in T4 gene 60 that forms an mRNA secondary structure that is translationally bypassed
non-coding translational bypass region in mRNA due to secondary structure formation
defective DNA endonuclease; H-N-H family; relative of mobile endonucleases of filamentous fungi
DNA-dependent ATPase, topoisomerase II in T4 and related phages an insertion splits the large Topo II subunit in two parts (gp60 and gp39); gp39; DNA-dependent ATPase; membrane associated protein; bacteriophage T4 topoisomerase II is comprised of gp39, gp52, and gp60 subunits; topisomerase II catalyzes cleavage and re-ligation of double-stranded DNA
3' to 5' DNA exonuclease activity involved in T4 DNA replication and host DNA degradation; DexA; DNA exonuclease A; 3' to 5' DNA exonuclease
postulated decoy of sigma factors RpoD and RpoS
ADP-ribosylates both alpha subunits of RNA polymerase
ADP ribosylates ribosomal protein S1, EF-TU, trigger factor and other proteins
Mrh transcription modulator under heat shock
postulated decoy of host sigma 32 (RpoH)
small outer capsid head accessory protein, found on T4 and a few related phages
site-specific endonuclease; relative of mobile endonucleases of filamentous fungi; GIY-YIG family
removes dCTP,dCDP/dUTP,dUDP from precursor pool; gp56; gp56 is a dCTPase and catalyzes coversion of dCTP to dCMP plus diphosphate; gp56 is also a dCDPase/dUTPase, dUDPase; essential for normal development of all T-even related phages; these phages use deoxy-hydroxymethyl-cytosine instead of deoxycytosine in their DNA; gp56 hydrolyzes dCTP and dCDP, preventing incoorporation into phage DNA
DNA replication origin oriA; (-) strand direction; primer RNA same as transcript for genes 56, segF and 59; effective origin placed at 50 bases from start of middle transcript from promoter Pm16813
produces N6-methyladenine in GATC sites (in modified or non-modified cytosine DNA)
Dam family site-specific DNA-(adenine-N6)-methyltransferase
DNA replication primase; gp61; requires interaction with gp41 helicase to synthesize RNA primers at unique template sequemces; primes lagging-strand DNA synthesis
mutants give rapid lysis and allow survival of lysozyme mutants
mutants show destabilization of T4 mRNAs
DNA primase-helicase ATPase, dATPase, GTPase, dGTPase for replication and recombination; gp41; replicative DNA helicase; ATPase; functional hexamer; forms helicase-primase complex with gp61; required for lagging strand DNA synthesis and processive leading strand DNA synthesis
membrane-associated initiator of head vertex assembly; misidentified as spackle gene
RecA-like recombination protein, DNA-dependent ATPase
site-specific homing endonuclease; GIY-YIG family
adds a glucose in beta linkage to hydroxymethylcytosine residues in phage DNA
dCMP hydroxymethylase for producing modified hydroxymethylcytosine in T4 DNA
mediates a membrane change such that the DNA of superinfecting phage is left in the periplasm to be degraded rather than entering the host cell
core DNA polymerase of T4 replisome, 3'-5' exonuclease; possesses DNA synthesis, 3' to 5' exonuclease (ssDNA), dNTP binding, and DNA binding activities; belongs to the DNA polymerase type-B family
regulates translation of mRNAs for DNA replication proteins and other early gene products; RegA; binds mRNA and represses translation
gp62; clamp loader is formed by heterodimer of gp44 and gp62; clamp loader forms a complex with gp45 (clamp) in the presence of ATP and loads clamp on DNA; clamp loader is necessary for T4 DNA synthesis and late transcription
gp44; DNA polymerase accessory protein; forms complex with gp62 to load gp45 sliding clamp; necessary for DNA synthesis; possesses DNA-dependent ATPase activity
gp45 also is required for synthesis of late RNA, acting as a 'mobile enhancer' and in effect taking the place of a -35 region for the T4 sigma factor responsible for late transcription; gp45; DNA replication processivity factor; DNA polymerase accessory factor; forms homotrimer; tethers catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase to DNA during replication; transcription factor; necessary for T4 'late' transcription
gp46/gp47 subunit required for recombination and host-DNA degradation; gp46; forms functional complex with gp47; homologous to E. coli SbcBC and RecBC proteins and eukaryotic Mre11-Rad50 complex; involved in DNA recombination, replication, and repair; degrades host DNA
SbcC-like subunit of palindrome specific endonuclease
gp46/gp47 subunit required for recombination and host-DNA degradation; gp47; forms functional complex with gp46; homologous to E. coli SbcBC and RecBC proteins and eukaryotic Mre11-Rad50 complex; involved in DNA recombination, replication, and repair; degrades host DNA
SbcD-like subunit of palindrome specific endonuclease
gp47.1 hypothetical predicted membrane protein
adds a glucose in alpha linkage to hydroxymethylcytosine residues in T4 DNA
DNA endonuclease; H-N-H family; relative of mobile endonucleases of filamentous fungi
T4-encoded sigma factor, associates with host RNAP; gp55; RNA polymerase sigma factor; transcription factor; necessary for 'late' transcription; binds specific promoter sequence; interacts with gp55 sliding clamp
gp55.5 conserved protein of unknown function
related to T4 thioredoxin but has glutaredoxin activity
gp55.8 conserved hypothetical predicted membrane protein
anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase converts rNTPs to dNTPs
anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase small subunit
anaerobic ribonucleoside reductase large subunit
group IA2 self-splicing intron; contains I-TevII CDS
DNA endonuclease encoded by group 1A intron in nrdD; GIY-YIG family
endo VII; gp49; cleaves Holliday junctions, Y-junctions, and mismatched base pairs in heteroduplex DNA; involved in recombination mediated replication and packaging
gp49.1 conserved protein of unknown function
NrdC.7 conserved hypothetical, predicted membrane protein
occupies the third position of a codon that accepts full wobble and codes for valine from the (-) strand; valine is conserved in this same position of NrdC.11 in the related phage RB69
molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotide biosynthesis protein MobD
starvation-inducible transcriptional regulator
acts in concert with T4 t holin protein for lysis timing
riboendonuclease cleaves a subset of T4 mRNAs at GGAG using r-protein S1 for recognition
bifunctional N-glycosylase and DNA endonulcease for repair of pyrimidine dimers
endonuclease V N-glycosylase UV repair enzyme
intracellular N-acetyl muramidase; lysis from within
nudix hydrolase active on FAD, diadenosine polyphosphates, ADP-ribose and NADH
non-coding region between the -10 and -35 region of the early promoter Pe70323
site-specific homing DNA endonuclease; GIY-YIG family
molecular chaperone for both short and long tail fibers
converts dTMP, dGMP and HMdCMP to diphosphates, not active on dAMP or dCMP; gp1; catalyses the phosphorylation of canonical nucleotides to the corresponding diphosphates using ATP as a phosphate donor; recognizes three structurally dissimilar nucleotides: dGMP, dTMP and 5-hydroxymethyl-dCMP while excluding dCMP and dAMP
tail sheath stabilizer, terminator; gp3; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; gp3 is localized to the tail tube in mature virions
DNA end binding and protection; gp2; protects injected phage DNA ends from degradation by exonuclease V; involved in DNA end joining
gp4; gp50; gp65; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the virion head goes through several maturation steps including the construction of the prohead, enzymatic processing of the prohead, and DNA packaging; gp4 is thought to participate in the final steps of head maturation, prior to the attachment of the virion tail
gp53; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid contractile tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; gp53 is a component of the baseplate
tail lysozyme for penetration during infection and lysis from without; gp5; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp5 is a component of the hub; during infection, gp5 helps to digest the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell, so that the DNA can be injected into the host cell
DNA replication origin oriE; (-) strand direction; primer RNA is complement of gene 5 transcript; effective origin placed at 50 bases from start of early transcript from promoter Pe79405; also see repEB, repEA proteins
site-specific DNA endonuclease; GIY-YIG family
baseplate wedge; gp6; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; wedge assembly is initiated by association of gp10 and gp11, followed by addition of gp7, gp8, gp6, gp53 and gp25
C-terminus is predicted integral membrane domain; gp7; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid contractile tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp7 is a component of the wedges and is localized to the outer corners of the baseplate; at 1,032 aa, gp7 is the second largest T4 protein
gp8; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp8 is a component of the wedges
tail fiber connector and trigger for tail sheath contraction; gp9; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp9 is a component of the wedges and forms the socket of a long tail fiber
baseplate wedge tail fiber protein connector
gp10; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp10 is a component of the wedges
interface protein between baseplate wedge and gp12 short tail fibers; can be added later; gp11; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp11 is a component of the wedges and binds the short tail fiber
responsible for irreversible adsorption to host cells; can be added after phage completion
'whisker' fibers at base of head; aid in long tail fiber attachment; whisker protein; gp wac; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; after DNA packaging, gp13, gp14, and six trimers of fibritin bind to the portal vertex of the head, forming the neck and whiskers; fibritin is also a chaperone and facilitates attachment of long tail fibers to the baseplate of the tail
neck or collar protein; gp13; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; after DNA is packaged into the head, gp13, gp14, and six trimers of gp wac (whisker or fibritin) bind to the portal vertex to complete the head, which then binds to the tail
neck or collar protein; gp14; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; after DNA is packaged into the head, gp13, gp14, and six trimers of gp wac (whisker or fibritin) bind to the portal vertex to complete the head, which then binds to the tail
connector protein to gp3 and/or gp19; gp15; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; gp15 forms the connector which enables the tail to bind to the head
gp16; DNA recognition component of the packaging motor; interacts with gp17; stimulates the gp17-associated ATPase and packaging activities
DNA packaging enzyme, nuclease and ATPase activity; binds ssDNA, gp16 and gp20; gp17; terminase subunit with nuclease and ATPase activity; binds ssDNA; generates free phage genome ends from DNA concatamers, links them to proheads, and translocates DNA; in Bacteriphage T4, gp17 forms complex with gp16
internal transcription and in-frame translation of gene 17, has nuclease and ATPase activity but does not bind ssDNA; gp17; terminase subunit with nuclease and ATPase activity; binds ssDNA; generates free phage genome ends from DNA concatamers, links them to proheads, and translocates DNA; in Bacteriphage T4, gp17 forms complex with gp16
internal transcription and in-frame translation of gene 17, has nuclease and ATPase activity but does not bind ssDNA; gp17; terminase subunit with nuclease and ATPase activity; binds ssDNA; generates free phage genome ends from DNA concatamers, links them to proheads, and translocates DNA; forms complex with gp16
internal transcription and in-frame translation of gene 17; gp17; terminase subunit with nuclease and ATPase activity; binds ssDNA; generates free phage genome ends from DNA concatamers, links them to proheads, and translocates DNA; forms complex with gp16
outer contractile sheath protein of phage tail; gp18; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the tube allows passage of DNA; gp18 forms the contractile outer sheath; 144 gp18 protomers are arranged in 24 stacked hexameric rings; each ring is offset to produce an apparent right handed helix
inner tube protein of phage tail; gp19; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the tube allows passage of DNA; gp19 forms the inner tube; 144 gp19 protomers are arranged in 24 stacked hexameric rings; each ring is offset to produce an apparent right handed helix
head initiation complex; connects head to neck; gp20; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; gp20 initiates capsid head assembly; involved in DNA packaging; binds with tail connector protein
gp67; pip; virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the virion head goes through several maturation steps including the construction of the prohead, enzymatic processing of the prohead, and DNA packaging; gp67 is a scaffolding protein around which shell proteins are assembled during the construction of the prohead
gp68; virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the virion head goes through several maturation steps including the construction of the prohead, enzymatic processing of the prohead, and DNA packaging; gp68 is a scaffolding protein around which shell proteins are assembled during the construction of the prohead
gp21; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; capsid head is assembled on an initiator complex of gp20; the gp22-gp21 scaffold and the gp23 capsid protein are assembled onto the initiator; after the scaffold is completely surrounded by gp23 and gp24, the T4 prohead protease, gp21, degrades the scaffold and cleaves most of the other head proteins, including gp23 and gp24, creating space in the cavity of the prohead
internal translation initiation of gene 21 yields smaller protein; gp21; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; capsid head is assembled on an initiator complex of gp20; the gp22-gp21 scaffold and the gp23 capsid protein are assembled onto the initiator; after the scaffold is completely surrounded by gp23 and gp24, the T4 prohead protease, gp21, degrades the scaffold and cleaves most of the other head proteins, including gp23 and gp24, creating space in the cavity of the prohead
head scaffolding protein, degraded by gp21 protease; gp22; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; capsid head is assembled on an initiator complex of gp20; the gp22-gp21 scaffold and the gp23 capsid protein are assembled onto the initiator; after the scaffold is completely surrounded by gp23 and gp24, the T4 prohead protease, gp21, degrades the scaffold
major head protein is cleaved by gp21 protease; gp23; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; capsid head is composed of gp24 pentamers, surrounded by hexamers of the major capsid protein, gp23; capsid head is assembled on an initiator complex of gp20; the gp22-gp21 scaffold and the gp23 capsid protein are assembled onto the initiator; after the scaffold is completely surrounded by gp23 and gp24, the T4 prohead protease, gp21, degrades the scaffold and cleaves most of the other head proteins, including gp23 and gp24, creating space in the cavity of the prohead
pentameric vertex protein, cleaved by gp21; gp24; os; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; capsid head is composed of gp24 pentamers, surrounded by hexamers of the major capsid protein, gp23; capsid head is assembled on an initiator complex of gp20; the gp22-gp21 scaffold and the gp23 capsid protein are assembled onto the initiator; after the scaffold is completely surrounded by gp23 and gp24, the T4 prohead protease, gp21, degrades the scaffold and cleaves most of the other head proteins, including gp23 and gp24, creating space in the cavity of the prohead
second RNA ligase of T4, related to RNA editing enzymes
highly immunogenic supplemental capsid protein at the center of each capsomere
minor head protein inhibitor of protease
UV repair and recombination protein; dar; ATPase; monomeric DNA-DNA, RNA-DNA helicase; functional homologue of the E. coli RecG protein; recombination protein implicated in replication fork regression and Holliday junction branch migration
sequence discrepancies were found for this section of the genome; entry BAT4INH was deemed more accurate than entry PT4UVSWD, based on a personal communication with Ken Kreuzer (3/19/90)
recombination protein; facilitates UvsX and inhibitor of EndoVII
DNA replication origin oriF (oriuvsY); (-) strand direction; primer RNA is same as transcript for gene uvsY; origin placed a 50 bases from start of middle transcript from promoter Pm115371
gp25; 15k lysozyme; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; gp25 is a baseplate wedge subunit required for tail formation; has lysozyme activity; distantly related to baseplate wedge subunit gpW in P2-like phages
gp51; chaperone; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp51 catalyzes assembly of the hub
gp27; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp27 is a component of the hub
N-terminal amino acid sequence determined for the gp28 hub subunit by F. Arisaka et al., Department of Molecular and Cellular Assembly, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan; Unpublished observation
tail tube accessory protein; gp48; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; the baseplate consists of a hub surrounded by six wedges; gp48 and gp54 create a platform on top of the hub that initiates oligomerization of gp19 subunits into the tail tube
gp54; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; gp48 and gp54 create a platform on top of the hub that initiates oligomerization of gp19 subunits into the tail tube
alt.-1 and alt.-2 together reflect an old duplication of the first part of gene alt, into which a stop codon and new start have been inserted, function unknown
alt.-1 and alt.-2 together appear to be a duplication of the first part of gene alt, into which a stop codon and new start have been inserted; function unknown
Alt; gpAlt; present in T4 capsid and enters the host with the infecting DNA; mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase that targets arginine residues; efficiently ADP-ribosylates alpha subunit of host RNA polymerase, which is thought to enhance transcription from T4 early promoters
Alt-like RNA polymerase ADP-ribosyltransferase
ATP-dependent DNA ligase; gp30; lig; ATP-dependent DNA ligase; catalyzes formation of a phosphodiester bond between juxtaposed 5' phosphate and 3' hydroxyl termini in duplex DNA or RNA; joins blunt and cohesive ends and repairs single stranded nicks in duplex DNA, RNA or DNA/RNA hybrids; necessary during T4 replication to ligate individual lagging strand DNA synthesis fragments into a continuous polymer
internal translation, in a different reading frame, within gene 30.3
replaces GroES as cochaperone with GroEL for head (gp23) assembly and also affects topoisomerase
allosteric enzyme activated by HM-dCTP and dCTP for dUMP synthesis; dCMP deaminase; part of the T4 enzyme pathway that takes nucleoside diphosphates (NDPs) and deoxynucleoside monophosphates (dNMPs) from host DNA breakdown and converts them into deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) used in viral DNA replication; dCMP deaminase converts deoxycytidine 5'-monophosphate (dCMP) to deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate
inverted complement of previously reported sequence; corrects the early promoter Pe133295 between cd.2 and cd.3
5'-hydroxyl kinase, a 3'-phosphatase and a 2',3'-cyclic phosphodiesterase; catalyzes the transfer of the terminal phosphate of ATP to the 5'-hydroxyl termini of ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides; in the presence of ADP the enzyme also catalyzes the exchange of the 5' terminal phosphate from phosphorylated DNA to ADP; these activities modify the ends of nicked tRNA generated by a bacterial response to infection and facilitate repair by T4 RNA ligase
Ile or Thr; Leu in PseT.2 of phage RB69, and a similar hydrophobic cluster is seen in PseT.2 of phage RB49 and Aeh1; could be Ile in T4 PseT.2; Region: uncertain residue
attenuates elongation of transcription on cytosine-containing DNA, blocks transcription of host and other phages
tail fiber attachment and RNA ligase for repair of tRNA in restrictive prr hosts, in conjunction with PseT; RNA ligase 1; gp63; catalyzes the ATP-dependent covalent joining of single-stranded 5'-phosphoryl termini of DNA or RNA to single-stranded 3'-hydroxyl termini of DNA or RNA; restores cleaved tRNA Lys during T4 infection; catalyst for attaching tail fibers
RNA ligase and tail fiber protein attachment catalyst
site-specific endonuclease II (EndoII) initiating degradation of cytosine-containing DNA; EndoII; DenA; nuclease that degrades host DNA; recognition sequence is 5'-CCGC-3'; EndoII nicks the complementary strand of the recognition sequence; modified T4 HMC DNA is resistant to cleavage
ribonucleotide reductase class Ia beta subunit
group IA2 self-splicing intron; contains I-TevIII CDS (non-functional)
defective DNA endonuclease encoded by group 1A intron in nrdB, deletion in proximal half; H-N-H family; active I-TevIII homolog in T4-related phage RB3
NrdA; ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase is comprised of NrdA and NrdB; provides nucleotide precursors necessary for DNA synthesis; catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides
NrdA-like aerobic NDP reductase large subunit
group IA2 self-splicing intron; contains I-TevI CDS
DNA endonuclease encoded by group 1A intron in td; GIY-YIG family
product is methyl donor used by dTMP synthase
DNA replication, recombination and repair protein, helix-destabilizing; gp32; binds single-stranded DNA and destabilizes double-stranded DNA; involved in DNA replication, repair, and recombination; interacts with several replication proteins; stimulates replisome processivity and accuracy
DNA replication and recombination protein for loading gp41 on ssDNA with gp31 and UvsX; gp59; 41 helicase loading protein; DNA binding protein with affinity for forked DNA and single-stranded DNA; contains HMG-like structural region; facillitates loading of 41 helicase onto DNA; provides gatekeeper function during replisome assembly; interacts with 32 single-stranded DNA binding protein; involved in origin-mediated viral replication; necessary for viral recombination-mediated replication
connector protein between gp45 of replisome and gp55 late sigma factor
facilitates transcription from some late promoters; DsbA; binds to dsDNA; DsbA is thought to enhance bacteriophage T4 transcription from some late promoters, although it is not essential
DNA replication enzyme for processing of Okazaki fragment RNA primers; das; protein 33.2; 5' to 3' exonuclease; degrades DNA/DNA and RNA/DNA; removes RNA primers and some adjacent DNA from lagging strand fragments during DNA replication prior to ligation of fragments; structural functional homolgy to FEN1 nuclease familly
gp34; structural virion protein; in bacteriophage T4 and related viruses, the virion is composed of head and tail components; the capsid tail consists of a contractile outer sheath, a inner tube, and a baseplate; long tail fibers radiate from the base plate; the long tail fibers are comprised of gp34 and gp37
DNA replication origin oriG (ori34); (-) strand direction; primer RNA is opposite direction of adjacent gene 34 transcript; origin placed at 50 bases from start of middle transcript from promoter Pm153011
long tail fiber protein proximal connector
hinge connector of long tail fiber protein distal connector
gp38 plays this role for the T4 subfamily of phages; for the T2 subfamily, the unrelated 'gp38' is the adhesion, binding to the distal end of the long tail fiber
pore protein for T4 e lysozyme, controlling lysis timing and lysis inhibition, functions with rI protein
binds RNAP sigma 70 subunit, used together with MotA for activation of T4 middle promoters
anti-restriction nuclease, inhibits Rgl (MrcBC) nuclease that degrades non-glucosylated HMdC DNA
binds Mot boxes at T4 middle promoters, activates transcription, acts with AsiA
MotA-like activator of middle period transcription
MotA.1 hypothetical predicted periplasmic protein
gp52; bacteriophage T4 topoisomerase II is comprised of gp39, gp52, and gp60 subunits; topisomerase II catalyzes cleavage and re-ligation of double-stranded DNA
erroneously identified as ac, has been identified as hypothetical orf 52.1
gp52.1 conserved hypothetical predicted membrane protein
Stp polypeptide (26 amino acids) activates host PrrC lysyl-tRNA restriction system, mutations suppress lethality on prr hosts of T4 PseT and RnlA tRNA repair defects
activator of host PrrC lysyl-tRNA endonuclease
binds host HU protein and host DNA to the membrane prior to degradation
Ndd.2 hypothetical predicted outer membrane protein
Ndd.3 hypothetical predicted inner membrane protein
Ndd.4 hypothetical predicted inner membrane
endonuclease targeting gaps and ssDNA in degradation of host DNA