Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e chromosome, complete genome.
Bacteria; Bacillota; Bacilli; Bacillales; Listeriaceae; Listeria.
The Listeria transcriptional landscape from saprophytism to virulence
Intracellular gene expression profile of Listeria monocytogenes
Comparative genomics of Listeria species
Submitted (08-NOV-2001) National Center for Biotechnology Information, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA
Submitted (06-JUN-2001) Glaser P., Institut Pasteur, Genomique des Microorganismes Pathogenes, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, FRANCE
REVIEWED REFSEQ: This record has been curated by NCBI staff. The\nreference sequence was derived from AL591824.\nRefSeq Category: Reference Genome\n FGS: First Genome sequenced\n MOD: Model Organism\n UPR: UniProt Genome\nCOMPLETENESS: full length.
binds to the dnaA-box as an ATP-bound complex at the origin of replication during the initiation of chromosomal replication; can also affect transcription of multiple genes including itself.
binds the polymerase to DNA and acts as a sliding clamp
Required for DNA replication; binds preferentially to single-stranded, linear DNA
CapA protein (polyglutamate capsule biosynthesis)
PTS beta-glucoside transporter subunit IIABC
glucosamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase
catalyzes the formation of putrescine from carbamoyl-putrescine during agmatine degradation
agmatine deiminase 1; catalyzes the formation of carbamoylputrescine from agmatine in the arginine decarboxylase pathway of putrescine biosynthesis
catalyzes the reversible synthesis of carbamate and ATP from carbamoyl phosphate and ADP
catalyzes the formation of carbamoylputrescine from agmatine in the arginine decarboxylase pathway of putrescine biosynthesis
catalyzes the degradation of arginine to citruline and ammonia
binds cooperatively with S18 to the S15-16S complex, allowing platform assembly to continue with S11 and S21
binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA; helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit
essential for production of a quorum sensing autoinducing peptide
in Escherichia coli this protein is wrapped around the base of the L1 stalk
catalyzes the formation of N6-(1,2,-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP from L-aspartate, inosine monophosphate and GTP in AMP biosynthesis
dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosylation protein
carboxyphosphonoenolpyruvate phosphonomutase
produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The alpha chain is a catalytic subunit
produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the beta chain is a regulatory subunit
Fnr/Crp family transcriptional regulator
catalyzes the synthesis of xanthosine monophosphate by the NAD+ dependent oxidation of inosine monophosphate
peptide ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
zinc ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
zinc ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
catalyzes the DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of a DNA strand; the delta' subunit seems to interact with the gamma subunit to transfer the beta subunit on the DNA
DNA replication intiation control protein YabA
sugar ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
catalyzes the transfer of a total of four methyl groups from S-adenosyl-l-methionine (S-AdoMet) to two adjacent adenosine bases A1518 and A1519 in 16S rRNA; mutations in ksgA causes resistance to the translation initiation inhibitor kasugamycin
An essential enzyme in the nonmevalonate pathway of isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthesis
4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase
stage V sporulation protein G; essential for spore formation and a negative regulator of asymmetric septation in Bacillus; involved in methicillin-resistance, biofilm formation and capsular polysaccharide synthesis in Staphylococcus
forms a homotrimer; catalyzes the acetylation of glucosamine-1-phosphate and uridylation of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate to produce UDP-GlcNAc; function in cell wall synthesis
bifunctional N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase/glucosamine-1-phosphate acetyltransferase
catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate from D-ribose 5-phosphate and ATP
listeriolysin positive regulatory protein
phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c
actin-assembly inducing protein precursor
Uncharacterized lipoprotein Lmo0207 precursor.
Converts (S)-lactate and NAD(+) to pyruvate and NADH
the Ctc family of proteins consists of two types, one that contains the N-terminal ribosomal protein L25 domain only which in Escherichia coli binds the 5S rRNA while a subset of proteins contain a C-terminal extension that is involved in the stress response
Enables the recycling of peptidyl-tRNAs produced at termination of translation
Type III pantothenate kinase; type III; catalyzes the formation of (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate from (R)-pantothenate in coenzyme A biosynthesis; type III pantothenate kinases are not subject to feedback inhibition from coenzyme A and have a high Km for ATP
7,8-dihydro-6-hydroxymethylpterin pyrophosphokinase
class II; LysRS2; catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a lysine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; in Methanosarcina barkeri, LysRS2 charges both tRNA molecules for lysine that exist in this organism and in addition can charge the tRNAPyl with lysine in the presence of LysRS1
Sms; stabilizes the strand-invasion intermediate during the DNA repair; involved in recombination of donor DNA and plays an important role in DNA damage repair after exposure to mutagenic agents
4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol synthase; MEP cytidylyltransferase; MCT; catalyzes the formation of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol from CTP and 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate; involved in isoprenoid and isopentenyl-PP biosynthesis; forms homodimers
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
catalyzes the conversion of 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate into 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase
Charges one glutamine molecule and pairs it to its corresponding RNA trinucleotide during protein translation
catalyzes a two-step reaction; charges a cysteine by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP then transfers the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates
in Escherichia coli BM108, a mutation that results in lack of L33 synthesis had no effect on ribosome synthesis or function
forms a complex with SecY and SecG; SecYEG forms a protein-conducting channel to which secA binds and translocates targeted polypeptides across the cytoplasmic membrane, a process driven by ATP and a proton-motive force
Modulates Rho-dependent transcription termination
transcription antitermination protein NusG
in Escherichia coli and Methanococcus, this protein autoregulates expression; the binding site in the mRNA mimics the binding site in the 23S rRNA
binds the two ribosomal protein L7/L12 dimers and anchors them to the large ribosomal subunit
present in two forms; L12 is normal, while L7 is aminoacylated at the N-terminal serine; the only multicopy ribosomal protein; 4:1 ratio of L7/L12 per ribosome; two L12 dimers bind L10; critically important for translation efficiency and fidelity; stimulates GTPase activity of translation factors
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates; beta subunit is part of the catalytic core which binds with a sigma factor to produce the holoenzyme
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Subunit beta' binds to sigma factor allowing it to bind to the -10 region of the promoter
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'
dapE-encoded N-succinyl-L,L-diaminopimelic acid desuccinylase (DapE), catalyzes the hydrolysis of N-succinyl-L,Ldiaminopimelate L,L-SDAP to L,L-diaminopimelate and succinate. It is a metalloprotease containing dinuclear active sites.
sugar ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
Catalyzes the reduction of nucleoside 5'-triphosphates to 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates
anaerobic ribonucleoside triphosphate reductase
anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase activator protein
produces methionine from 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate and glutamine in vitro; mutations do not affect methionine salvage in vivo however
SPOUT methyltransferase; crystal structure shows homodimer; in Escherichia coli this protein methylates pseudouridine at position 1915 of the 23S ribosomal RNA
FMN-containing NADPH-linked nitro/flavin reductase
PTS beta-glucoside transporter subunit IIC
PTS beta-glucoside transporter subunit IIB
PTS beta-glucoside transporter subunit IIA
catalyzes the formation of 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole and ADP from 4-methyl-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole and ATP
Condenses 4-methyl-5-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-thiazole monophosphate and 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl pyrimidine pyrophosphate to form thiamine monophosphate
phosphotransferase mannnose-specific family component IIA
Reduces fumarate to succinate in anaerobic bacterial respiration
methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase
Excises uracil residues from the DNA which can arise as a result of misincorporation of dUMP residues by DNA polymerase or due to deamination of cytosine
catalyzes the formation of L-proline from pyrroline-5-carboxylate
phosphoenolpyruvate synthase, C-terminal
catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from pyruvate
part of sigC operon that is induced by temperature upshift
lineage-specific thermal regulator protein
part of sigC operon induced by temperature upshift
in group A Streptococci this protein was found to cross react with anti myosin antibodies and may play a role in rheumatic fever
23S rRNA m2A2503 methyltransferase; methylates the C2 position of the A2530 nucleotide in 23S rRNA; may be involved in antibiotic resistance
ribosomal RNA large subunit methyltransferase N
lmo0484; iron regulated; catalyzes the release of heme from hemoglobin allowing bacterial pathogens to use the host heme as an iron source
some L32 proteins have zinc finger motifs consisting of CXXC while others do not
AroE; catalyzes the conversion of shikimate to 3-dehydroshikimate
catalyzes the dehydration of 3-dehydroquinate to form 3-dehydroshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis
catalyzes the reversible reaction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate with glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate to produce tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate; in Streptococcus pyogenes there are two paralogs of tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase, encoded by lacD1 and lacD2; expression of lacD1 is highly regulated by environmental conditions while lacD2 specializes in an efficient utilization of carbohydrate sources
ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
converts 2-oxoglutarate to glutamate; in Escherichia coli this enzyme plays a role in glutamate synthesis when the cell is under energy restriction; uses NADPH; forms a homohexamer
catalyzes the formation of 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP from 1-(5-phosphoribolsyl)-ATP in histidine biosynthesis
PR-AMP cyclohydrolase; functions in histidine biosynthesis from PRPP; converts 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-AMP to 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5- phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4- carboxyamide during the histidine biosynthesis pathway; binds zinc and magnesium; forms homodimers
catalyzes the conversion of 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino]- 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamideand glutamine to imidazole-glycerol phosphate, 5-aminoimidazol-4-carboxamideribonucleotide and glutamate; the HisF subunit acts as a cyclase
imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit HisF
catalyzes the formation of 5-(5-phospho-1-deoxyribulos-1-ylamino)methylideneamino-l- (5-phosphoribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide from 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5- phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino] imidazole-4-carboxamide
1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5- phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino] imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase
with HisF IGPS catalyzes the conversion of phosphoribulosyl-formimino-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide phosphate and glutamine to imidazole-glycerol phosphate, 5-aminoimidazol-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, and glutamate in histidine biosynthesis; the HisH subunit provides the glutamine amidotransferase activity that produces the ammonia necessary to HisF for the synthesis of imidazole-glycerol phosphate and 5-aminoimidazol-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide
imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit HisH
catalyzes the dehydration of D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate to 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate in histidine biosynthesis
catalyzes the oxidation of L-histidinol to L-histidinaldehyde and then to L-histidine in histidine biosynthesis; functions as a dimer
short form of enzyme; requires HisZ for function; catalyzes the formation of N'-5'-phosphoribosyl-ATP from phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate; crucial role in histidine biosynthesis; forms heteromultimer of HisG and HisZ
May allow the feedback regulation of ATP phosphoribosyltransferase activity by histidine
catalyzes the formation of L-histidinol from L-histidinol phosphate
hypothetical cell wall associated protein
iap; p60; autolytic enzyme; can cleave bacterial peptidoglycan; secreted by SecA2 system
invasion associated secreted endopeptidase
functions in protein export; can interact with acidic membrane phospholipids and the SecYEG protein complex; binds to preproteins; binds to ATP and undergoes a conformational change to promote membrane insertion of SecA/bound preprotein; ATP hydrolysis appears to drive release of the preprotein from SecA and deinsertion of SecA from the membrane; additional proteins SecD/F/YajC aid SecA recycling; exists in an equilibrium between monomers and dimers; may possibly form higher order oligomers; in some organisms, especially gram positive pathogens, have paralogs that have been found to be nonessential but do function in secretion of a subset of exported proteins
Catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA and L-homoserine to CoA and O-acetyl-L-homoserine
Crp/Fnr family transcriptional regulator
FMN-dependent; requires NADH; catalyzes the cleavage of azo bond in aromatic azo compounds
glycerophosphoryl diester phosphodiesterase
FrwC with FrwB, FrwD and PtsA forms a PEP-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system permease which may phosphorylate and transport sugars into the cell; forms translocation channel and contains the specific substrate-binding site
FrwB with FrwC, FrwD and PtsA forms a PEP-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) permease which may phosphorylate and transport sugars into the cell; cytoplasmic protein that interacts with complex EIIA; contains the second phosphorylation site of the PTS
FliP, with proteins FliQ and FliR, forms the core of the central channel in the flagella export apparatus
with proteins FliP and FliR forms the core of the central channel in the flagella export apparatus
FliR, with proteins FliP and FliQ, forms the core of the central channel in the flagella export apparatus
membrane protein responsible for substrate specificity switching from rod/hook-type export to filament-type export
membrane protein involved in the flagellar export apparatus
Positive regulator of class III flagellar genes
makes up the distal portion of the flagellar basal body rod
With Mot B forms the ion channels that couple flagellar rotation to proton/sodium motive force across the membrane and forms the stator elements of the rotary flagellar machine.
two-component sensor histidine kinase CheA
acts as a scaffold for the assembly of hook proteins onto the flagellar basal body rod
flagellar basal body rod modification protein
the hook connects flagellar basal body to the flagellar filament
One of three proteins involved in switching the direction of the flagellar rotation
with FliG and FliN makes up the switch complex which is involved in switching the direction of the flagella rotation
with FlgL acts as a hook filament junction protein to join the flagellar filament to the hook
with FlgK acts as a hook filament junction protein to join the flagellar filament to the hook
with FlgF and C makes up the proximal portion of the flagellar basal body rod
with FlgF and B makes up the proximal portion of the flagellar basal body rod
forms a junction between the M-ring and FlgB during flagella biosynthesis
the MS-ring anchors the flagellum to the cytoplasmic membrane; part of the flagellar basal body which consists of four rings L, P, S, and M mounted on a central rod
lmo0715; binds to and inhibits the function of flagella specific ATPase FliI
involved in type III protein export during flagellum assembly
catalyzes the formation of acetyl phosphate from pyruvate
Catalyzes the first step in hexosamine metabolism, converting fructose-6P into glucosamine-6P using glutamine as a nitrogen source
catalyzes the interconversion of ribose 5-phosphate to ribulose 5-phosphate; enzyme from E. coli shows allose 6-phosphate isomerase activity
hosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system catalyzes the phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their translocation across the cell membrane; IID with IIC forms the translocation channel
spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter permease
spermidine/putrescine ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase
phosphate-starvation-inducible protein PsiE
cytoplasmic membrane protein that functions as a monomer; catalyzes the active transport of sugar-phosphates such as glucose-6-phosphate with the obligatory exchange of inorganic phosphate or organophosphate
amino acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
catalyzes the hydrolysis of a monocarboxylic acid amid to form a monocarboxylate and ammonia
D-alanine--D-alanine ligase; DdlA; DdlB; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the formation of D-alanyl-D-alanine from two D-alanines in peptidoglycan synthesis; there are two forms of this enzyme in Escherichia coli
UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamyl-2, 6-diamino pimelate-D-alanyl-D-alanyl ligase
catalyzes the formation of protoporphyrin IX from protoporphyrinogen IX
Catalyzes the formation of holo-ACP, which mediates the essential transfer of acyl fatty acid intermediates during the biosynthesis of fatty acids and lipids
anti-anti-sigma factor (antagonist of RsbW)
binds to sigma-B preventing the formation of an RNA polymerase holoenzyme
sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; sigma B is not essential for sporulation; rather it is required for maximal expression of ctc and csbA which are transcribed in the early stationary phase under conditions inimical to sporulation; induced by heat shock, salt stress, oxidative stress, glucose limitation, oxygen limitation and entry into stationary phase
indirect negative regulation of sigma B dependant gene expression (serine phosphatase)
catalyzes the reduction of 2 glutathione to glutathione disulfide; maintains high levels of reduced glutathione in the cytosol; involved in redox regulation and oxidative defense
antibiotic ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
catalyzes the formation of (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate in coenzyme A biosynthesis
ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein (C-terminal part)
responsible for recognizing base lesions in the genome and initiating base excision DNA repair
N-acetylglucosamine-6P-phosphate deacetylase
undacaprenyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
catalyzes the phosphorylation of NAD to NADP
ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthetase
Catalyzes a key regulatory step in fatty acid biosynthesis
DltD protein for D-alanine esterification of lipoteichoic acid and wall teichoic acid
D-alanyl carrier protein subunit; involved in the incorporation of D-alanine into membrane-associated D-alanyl-lipoteichoic acid; D-alanyl carrier protein is the acceptor of activated D-alanine which it donates to a membrane acceptor(D-alanyl transferase) for incorporation into membrane lipoteichoic acid
D-alanine--poly(phosphoribitol) ligase subunit 2
DltB protein for D-alanine esterification of lipoteichoic acid and wall teichoic acid
transfers D-alanine to the D-alanyl carrier protein during the incorporation of D-alanine into lipoteichoic acid
D-alanine--poly(phosphoribitol) ligase subunit 1
Catalyzes D-ribose 5-phosphate --> D-ribulose 5-phosphate in the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway
catalyzes the transamination of the branched-chain amino acids to their respective alpha-keto acids
branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase
daunorubicin resistance ATP-binding protein
stimulates the release of release factors 1 and 2 from the ribosome after hydrolysis of the ester bond in peptidyl-tRNA has occurred; GDP/GTP-binding protein
methylated-DNA-protein-cysteine methyltransferase
glycine/betaine ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
glycine/betaine ABC transporter permease
glycine/betaine ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
molybdate ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotide biosynthesis MobB
molybdopterin converting factor subunit 2
molybdopterin converting factor subunit 1
MoaC; along with MoaA is involved in conversion of a guanosine derivative into molybdopterin precursor Z; involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein MoaC
together with moaC, is involved in the conversion of a guanosine derivative (GXP) into molybdopterin precursor Z
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein A
molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis protein B
cleaves off formyl group from N-terminal methionine residues of newly synthesized proteins; binds iron(2+)
Catalyzes the transfer of acetyl from acetyldihydrolipoamide to coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA
E3 component of pyruvate complex; catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide
biotin-containing enzyme that catalyzes a two step carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
metal ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
teichoic acid translocation permease TagG
teichoic acid ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
glucose-1-phosphate thymidyl transferase
glycerol-3-phosphate cytidylyltransferase
catalyzes the formation of 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate and nicotinate from nicotinate D-ribonucleotide and diphosphate
catalyzes the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NAAD) using either ammonia or glutamine as the amide donor and ATP; ammonia-utilizing enzymes include the ones from Bacillus and Escherichia coli while glutamine-utilizing enzymes include the Mycobacterial one; forms homodimers
converts ATP and xanthosine 5'-phosphate and L-glutamine and water to AMP and pyrophosphate diphosphate and GMP and L-glutamate
contains glutamine-hydrolyzing domain and glutamine amidotransferase; GMP-binding domain; functions to produce GMP from XMP in the IMP pathway
hydrolyzes proteins to small peptides; with the ATPase subunits ClpA or ClpX, ClpP degrades specific substrates
ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit
diol dehydratase-reactivating factor large subunit
diol dehydratase-reactivating factor small subunit
carbon dioxide concentrating mechanism protein
ATP:cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase PduO
cobalamin biosynthesis protein; decarboxylates L-threonine-O-3-phosphate to yield (R)-1-amino-2-propanol O-2-phosphate, the precursor for the linkage between the nucleotide loop and the corrin ring in cobalamin
ethanolamine ammonia-lyase large subunit
catalyzes the formation of acetaldehyde from ethanolamine
ethanolamine ammonia-lyase small subunit
responsible for the amidation of carboxylic groups at position A and C of cobyrinic acid or hydrogenobrynic acid
CobD; CbiD in Salmonella; converts cobyric acid to cobinamide by the addition of aminopropanol on the F carboxylic group
catalyzes the interconversion of cobalt-precorrin-8X and cobyrinic acid in the anaerobic biosynthesis of cobalamin
Catalyzes the methylation of C-1 in cobalt-precorrin-5 and the subsequent extrusion of acetic acid from the resulting intermediate to form cobalt-precorrin-6A
catalyzes the methylation of C-5 in cobalt-precorrin-6Y to form cobalt-precorrin-7W-a
cobalt-precorrin-6Y C(5)-methyltransferase
catalyzes the methylation of either C-15 or C-5 in cobalt-precorrin-6Y to form cobalt-precorrin-7W; decarboxylating
cobalt-precorrin-6Y C(15)-methyltransferase
catalyzes the formation of cobalt-precorrin 4 from cobalt-precorrin 3
catalyzes the formation of precorrin-4 from precorrin-3B and S-adenosyl-L-methionine
uroporphyrinogen-III methyltransferase/uroporphyrinogen-III synthase
catalyzes the formation of precorrin-3A from precorrin-2
cobalt-precorrin-2 C(20)-methyltransferase
catalyzes the ATP-dependent transport of cobalt
periplasmic cobalt binding component of the cobalt transport system
cobalt transporter ATP-binding protein CbiO
catalyzes amidations at positions B, D, E, and G on adenosylcobyrinic A,C-diamide. NH(2) groups are provided by glutamine, and one molecule of ATP is hydrogenolyzed for each amidation
endo-1,4-beta-glucanase and to aminopeptidase
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a heterotetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 1 subfamily
phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit alpha
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a phenylalanine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; forms a tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); binds two magnesium ions per tetramer; type 2 subfamily
phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit beta
An endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids
MutS2; MutS-II; involved in blocking homologous and homeologous recombination; has ATPase activity stimulated by recombination intermediates; inhibits DNA strand exchange
recombination and DNA strand exchange inhibitor protein
The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrC both incises the 5' and 3' sides of the lesion. The N-terminal half is responsible for the 3' incision and the C-terminal half is responsible for the 5' incision
catalyzes the formation of 4-phospho-L-aspartate from L-aspartate and ATP, in Bacillus, lysine sensitive; regulated by response to starvation.
converts L-glutamate to D-glutamate, a component of peptidoglycan
hydrolyzes non-standard nucleotides such as xanthine and inosine
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of L-glutamate during the proline biosynthesis pathway
catalyzes the formation of glutamate 5-phosphate from glutamate in proline biosynthesis
Tig; RopA; peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase; promotes folding of newly synthesized proteins; binds ribosomal 50S subunit; forms a homodimer
binds and unfolds substrates as part of the ClpXP protease
ATP-dependent protease ATP-binding subunit ClpX
essential GTPase; functions in ribosome assembly; binds a unique part of the 23S rRNA; interacts with ribosomal protein L25(Ctc)
RNH2; RNase HII; binds manganese; endonuclease which specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids
catalyzes the ATP-dependent breakage of single-stranded DNA followed by passage and rejoining, maintains net negative superhelicity
heat shock protein involved in degradation of misfolded proteins
ATP-dependent protease peptidase subunit
ATP-dependent protease ATP-binding subunit HslU
CodY; DNA-binding protein that represses the expression of many genes that are induced as cells make the transition from rapid exponential growth to stationary phase. It is a GTP-binding protein that senses the intracellular GTP concentration as an indicator of nutritional limitations. At low GTP concentration it no longer binds GTP and stop to act as a transcriptional repressor
decatenates newly replicated chromosomal DNA and relaxes positive and negative DNA supercoiling
S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase; catalyzes the hydrolysis of S-ribosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and autoinducer-2
IPP transferase; isopentenyltransferase; involved in tRNA modification; in Escherichia coli this enzyme catalyzes the addition of a delta2-isopentenyl group from dimethylallyl diphosphate to the N6-nitrogen of adenosine adjacent to the anticodon of tRNA species that read codons starting with uracil; further tRNA modifications may occur; mutations in miaA result in defects in translation efficiency and fidelity
tRNA delta(2)-isopentenylpyrophosphate transferase
Represses a number of genes involved in the response to DNA damage
Catalyzes the phosphorylation of UMP to UDP
catalyzes the formation of undecaprenyl pyrophosphate from isopentenyl pyrophosphate
catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase
catalyzes the formation of prolyl-tRNA(Pro) from proline and tRNA(Pro)
catalyzes DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time; required for leading strand synthesis; PolC exhibits 3' to 5' exonuclease activity
modifies transcription through interactions with RNA polymerase affecting elongation, readthrough, termination, and antitermination
Protects formylmethionyl-tRNA from spontaneous hydrolysis and promotes its binding to the 30S ribosomal subunits during initiation of protein synthesis. Also involved in the hydrolysis of GTP during the formation of the 70S ribosomal complex
associates with free 30S ribosomal subunits; essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA; in Escherichia coli rbfA is induced by cold shock
catalyzes isomerization of specific uridines in RNA to pseudouridine; responsible for residues in T loops of many tRNAs
primary rRNA binding protein; helps nucleate assembly of 30S; binds directly to the 16S rRNA and an intersubunit bridge to the 23S rRNA; autoregulates translation through interactions with the mRNA leader sequence
catalyzes the transfer of a methylene carbon from the methylamine-loaded GcvH protein to tetrahydrofolate, causing the release of ammonia and the generation of reduced GcvH protein
glycine cleavage system aminomethyltransferase T
acts in conjunction with GvcH to form H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine from glycine; forms a heterodimer with subunit 2 to form the P protein
acts in conjunction with GvcH to form H-protein-S-aminomethyldihydrolipoyllysine from glycine; forms a heterodimer with subunit 1 to form the P protein
acetyl-CoA carboxylase subunit (biotin carboxyl carrier subunit)
acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxylase subunit
Regulates rRNA biosynthesis by transcriptional antitermination
transcription antitermination protein NusB
catalyzes the formation of 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and subsequent formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate from 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate
bifunctional 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/ 5,10-methylene-tetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase
bidirectionally degrades single-stranded DNA into large acid-insoluble oligonucleotides
catalyzes the bidirectional exonucleolytic cleavage of DNA
catalyzes the formation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate from pyruvate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
regulates arginine biosynthesis when complexed with arginine by binding at site that overlap the promotors of the arginine biosynthesis genes
catalyzes the phosphorylation of 2-butanoate to butanoyl phosphate
E3 component of the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex; catalyzes the oxidation of dihydrolipoamide to lipoamide
branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase subunit E1
branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase subunit E2
catalyzes the formation of D-ribulose 5-phosphate from 6-phospho-D-gluconate
involved in biogenesis of membrane proteins; Firmicutes specific proteins are shorter than other bacterial counterparts and have a signal peptide and lipid attachment site
lmo1381; catalyzes the hydrolysis of acylphosphate
catalyzes the isomerization of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to dimethylallyl diphosphate
CD4+ T cell-stimulating antigen, lipoprotein
competence damage-inducible protein CinA
catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP in the presence of single-stranded DNA, the ATP-dependent uptake of single-stranded DNA by duplex DNA, and the ATP-dependent hybridization of homologous single-stranded DNAs
protein from Staphylococcus aureus has phosphodiesterase activity against 2'-3'-cAMP and 2'-3'-cGMP
This protein performs the mismatch recognition step during the DNA repair process
This protein is involved in the repair of mismatches in DNA. It is required for dam-dependent methyl-directed DNA mismatch repair. Promotes the formation of a stable complex between two or more DNA-binding proteins in an ATP-dependent manner without itself being part of a final effector complex
pyruvate-formate lyase activating enzyme
catalyzes the reduction of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvate to form UDP-N-acetylmuramate in peptidoglycan biosynthesis
UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase
catalyzes the formation of dihydrodipicolinate from L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde and pyruvate in lysine and diaminopimelate biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of 4-phospho-L-aspartate from L-aspartate and ATP; diaminopimelate sensitive
catalyzes the conversion of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate into 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-en-1-yl diphosphate; involved in isoprenoid synthesis
4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase
metal (zinc) transport protein (ABC transporter, permease)
metal (zinc) transport protein(ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein)
catalyzes the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate to phosphate
manganese-dependent inorganic pyrophosphatase
Assists in DNA repair by cleaving phosphodiester bonds at apurinic or apyrimidinic sties to produce new 5' ends that are base-free deoxyribose 5-phosphate residues
catalyzes the conversion of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl 4-diphosphate into isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP); functions in the nonmevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway
4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase
sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; primary sigma factor of bacterium
glycine--tRNA ligase beta chain; glyS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking the carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
glycine--tRNA ligase alpha chain; GlyRS; class II aminoacyl tRNA synthetase; tetramer of alpha(2)beta(2); catalyzes a two-step reaction; first charging a glycine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP; second by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
involved in DNA repair and RecFOR pathway recombination; RecFOR proteins displace ssDNA-binding protein and facilitate the production of RecA-coated ssDNA
Era; Escherichia coli Ras-like protein; Bex; Bacillus Era-complementing segment; essential protein in Escherichia coli that is involved in many cellular processes; GTPase; binds the cell membrane through apparent C-terminal domain; mutants are arrested during the cell cycle; Streptococcus pneumoniae Era binds to RNA and Escherichia coli Era binds 16S rRNA and 30S ribosome
phosphate starvation-induced protein PhoH
a small basic protein that is one of the last in the subunit assembly; omission does not prevent assembly but the subunit is inactive; binds central domain of 16S rRNA
in Escherichia coli RsmE methylates the N3 position of the U1498 base in 16S rRNA; cells lacking this function can grow, but are outcompeted by wild-type; SAM-dependent m(3)U1498 methyltransferase
16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase RsmE
methylates ribosomal protein L11 at multiple amino acid positions; mutations of these genes in Escherichia coli or Thermus thermophilus has no apparent phenotype
chaperone Hsp40; co-chaperone with DnaK; Participates actively in the response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins and by disaggregating proteins, also in an autonomous, dnaK-independent fashion
heat shock protein 70; assists in folding of nascent polypeptide chains; refolding of misfolded proteins; utilizes ATPase activity to help fold; co-chaperones are DnaJ and GrpE; multiple copies in some bacteria
with DnaK and DnaJ acts in response to hyperosmotic and heat shock by preventing the aggregation of stress-denatured proteins; may act as a thermosensor
Negative regulator of class I heat shock genes (grpE-dnaK-dnaJ and groELS operons). Prevents heat-shock induction of these operons
catalyzes the oxygen-independent formation of protoporphyrinogen-IX from coproporphyrinogen-III
binds directly to the 16S rRNA and is involved in post-translational inhibition of arginine and ornithine decarboxylase
required for the assembly and function of the DNAX complex which is required for the assembly of the beta subunit onto primed DNA
transfers an adenyl group from ATP to NaMN to form nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide (NaAD) which is then converted to the ubiquitous compound NAD by NAD synthetase; essential enzyme in bacteria
nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase
5'-methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase
necessary for efficient RNA polymerase transcription elongation past template-encoded arresting sites; arresting sites in DNA have the property of trapping a certain fraction of elongating RNA polymerases that pass through, resulting in locked ternary complexes. Cleavage of the nascent transcript by cleavage factors such as GreA or GreB allows the resumption of elongation from the new 3'terminus
functions in pyrimidine salvage; pyrimidine ribonucleoside kinase; phosphorylates nucleosides or dinucleosides to make UMP or CMP using ATP or GTP as the donor
Catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an alanyl molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
catalyzes a sulfuration reaction to synthesize 2-thiouridine at the U34 position of tRNAs
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an aspartate molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; contains discriminating and non-discriminating subtypes
hydrolyzes D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) into D-tyrosine and free tRNA(Tyr); possible defense mechanism against a harmful effect of D-tyrosine
catalyzes a salvage reaction resulting in the formation of AMP which is metabolically less costly than a de novo synthesis
Exchanges the guanine residue with 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine in tRNAs with GU(N) anticodons (tRNA-Asp, -Asn, -His and -Tyr)
Synthesizes oQ from preQ1 in a single S-adenosylmethionine-requiring step
S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase
promotes strand exchange during homologous recombination; RuvAB complex promotes branch migration; RuvABC complex scans the DNA during branch migration and resolves Holliday junctions at consensus sequences; forms hexameric rings around opposite DNA arms; requires ATP for branch migration and orientation of RuvAB complex determines direction of migration
plays an essential role in ATP-dependent branch migration of the Holliday junction
catalyzes the formation of phenylpyruvate from prephenate in phenylalanine biosynthesis
essential GTPase; exhibits high exchange rate for GTP/GDP; associates with 50S ribosomal subunit; involved in regulation of chromosomal replication
Converts glycerol and ADP to glycerol-3-phosphate and ADP
involved in the peptidyltransferase reaction during translation
blocks the formation of polar Z-ring septums
in some organisms this protein is a transmembrane protein while in others it is periplasmic; involved in some organisms with other components of the MreBCD complex and with penicillin binding proteins in the periplasm or cell wall
functions in MreBCD complex in some organisms
Involved in DNA double-strand break repair and recombination. Promotes the annealing of complementary single-stranded DNA and by simulation of RAD51 recombinase
valine--tRNA ligase; ValRS; converts valine ATP and tRNA(Val) to AMP PPi and valyl-tRNA(Val); class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase type 1 subfamily; has a posttransfer editing process to hydrolyze mischarged Thr-tRNA(Val) which is done by the editing domain
Converts (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate to 5-aminolevulinate during the porphyrin biosynthesis pathway
glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase
catalyzes the formation of porphobilinogen from 5-aminolevulinate
catalyzes the formation of uroporphyrinogen-III from hydroxymethylbilane; functions in tetrapyrrole and heme biosynthesis
transformation of porphobilinogen to hydroxymethylbilane in porphyrin biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of glutamate-1-semialdehyde from glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) and NADPH; the second step of the pathway is catalyzed by glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminomutase which results in the formation of 5-aminolevulinic acid; functions in porphyrin (tetrapyrroles) biosynthesis; the crystal structure showed a C-terminal dimerization domain that appears to be absent in Chlamydial proteins
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a threonine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; catalyzes the formation of threonyl-tRNA(Thr) from threonine and tRNA(Thr)
Primosomal protein that may act to load helicase DnaC during DNA replication
chromosome replication initiation / membrane attachment protein DnaB
catalyzes the phosphorylation of the 3'-hydroxyl group of dephosphocoenzyme A to form coenzyme A; involved in coenzyme A biosynthesis
Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases
has 3'-5' exonuclease, 5'-3' exonuclease and 5'-3'polymerase activities, primarily functions to fill gaps during DNA replication and repair
Converts isocitrate to alpha ketoglutarate
catalyzes the formation of citrate from acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate
F exclusion of bacteriophage T7; overproduction of this protein in Escherichia coli inhibits the F plasmid-mediated exclusion of bacteriophage T7; interacts with the F plasmid-encoded PifA protein; inner membrane protein
catalyzes the formation of D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate from D-fructose 6-phosphate in glycolysis
catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer composed of two alpha (AccA) and two beta (AccD) subunits; one of the two catalytic subunits that can form the acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme together with a carrier protein
acetyl-CoA carboxylase carboxyltransferase subunit alpha
catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA; forms a tetramer of AccA2D2 subunits
catalyzes the opening and hydrolysis of the beta-lactam ring of beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins
AckA utilizes acetate and can acetylate CheY which increases signal strength during flagellar rotation; utilizes magnesium and ATP; also involved in conversion of acetate to aceyl-CoA
antioxidant activity; thioredoxin-dependent thiol peroxidase; forms homodimers in solution; shows substrate specificity to alkyl hydroperoxides; periplasmic protein
catalyzes the formation of L-citrulline from carbamoyl phosphate and L-ornithine in arginine biosynthesis and degradation
catalyzes the phosphorylation of N-acetyl-L-glutamate to form N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-phosphate
bifunctional arginine biosynthesis protein ArgJ; functions at the 1st and 5th steps in arginine biosynthesis; involved in synthesis of acetylglutamate from glutamate and acetyl-CoA and ornithine by transacetylation between acetylornithine and glutmate
bifunctional ornithine acetyltransferase/N-acetylglutamate synthase
catalyzes the reduction of N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate to N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde in arginine biosynthesis and the reduction of N-acetyl-gamma-aminoadipyl-phosphate to N-acetyl-L-aminoadipate-semialdehyde in lysine biosynthesis; involved in both the arginine and lysine biosynthetic pathways; lysine is produced via the AAA pathway, lysine from alpha-aminoadipate
N-acetyl-gamma-glutamyl-phosphate reductase
Required for the synthesis of the thiazole moiety
iron-sulfur cofactor synthesis protein NifS
acts to negatively regulates ftsZ ring formation by modulating the frequency and position of the ftsZ ring formation
catalyzes the formation of 3-deoxy-D-aribino-hept-2-ulosonate 7-phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate and D-erythrose 4-phosphate and the formation of prephenate from chorismate
bifunctional 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase/chorismate mutase
Catalyzes the formation of UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine from UDP-N-acetylmuramate and L-alanine in peptidoglycan synthesis
tRNA (guanine-N(7)-)-methyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of N(7)-methylguanine at position 46 (m7G46) in tRNA by transferring the methyl residue from S-adenosyl-L-methionine
catalyzes the formation of indole and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate from indoleglycerol phosphate in tryptophan biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of L-tryptophan from L-serine and 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate
catalyzes the formation of 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate from N-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)-anthranilate in tryptophan biosynthesis
N-(5'-phosphoribosyl)anthranilate isomerase
involved in tryptophan biosynthesis; amino acid biosynthesis; converts 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate to C(1)-(3-indolyl)-glycerol 3-phosphate and carbon dioxide and water
Catalyzes the conversion of N-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-anthranilate and diphosphate to anthranilate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate
TrpG; with TrpE catalyzes the formation of anthranilate and glutamate from chorismate and glutamine; TrpG provides the glutamine amidotransferase activity
with component II, the glutamine amidotransferase, catalyzes the formation of anthranilate from chorismate and glutamine
bifunctional acetaldehyde-CoA/alcohol dehydrogenase
Catalyzes the conversion of citrate to isocitrate
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase
EF-Ts; functions during elongation stage of protein translation; forms a dimer; associates with EF-Tu-GDP complex and promotes exchange of GDP to GTP resulting in regeneration of the active form of EF-Tu
one of the last subunits in the assembly of the 30S subunit; absence of S2 does not inhibit assembly but results in an inactive subunit
methionine adenosyltransferase; catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine and ATP; methionine adenosyltransferase
converts O-succinylbenzoate to O-succinylbenzoyl-CoA
catalyzes the formation of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate from O-succinylbenzoyl-CoA
SEPHCHC synthase; forms 5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-2-succinyl-cyclohex-3-ene-1- carboxylate from 2-oxoglutarate and isochorismate in menaquinone biosynthesis
2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3- cyclohexene-1-carboxylate synthase
synthesizes isochorismate acid from chorismate
menaquinone-specific isochorismate synthase
catalyzes the formation of dimethylmenaquinone from 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate and octaprenyl diphosphate
1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate octaprenyltransferase
bifunctional homocysteine S-methyltransferase/5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
catalyzes the formation of L-homocysteine from cystathionine
catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from 5-methyltetrahydrofolate to homocysteine to form methionine
5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate-- homocysteine S-methyltransferase
converts (S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate to 5-aminolevulinate
deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase
Regulatory protein recX; binds RecA and inhibits RecA-mediated DNA strand exchange and ATP hydrolysis and coprotease activities
ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase
deoxyguanosine kinase/deoxyadenosine kinase
catalyzes the removal of N-terminal amino acids from peptides and arylamides; generally Co(II) however activity has been shown for some methionine aminopeptidases with Zn, Fe, or Mn
glutamate synthase is composed of subunits alpha and beta; beta subunit is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-NADPH dependent oxidoreductase; provides electrons to the alpha subunit, which binds L-glutamine and 2-oxoglutarate and forms L-glutamate
transcription activator of glutamate synthase operon GltC
amino acid ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
Uncharacterized RNA methyltransferase lmo1751
allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA
aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit B
aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit A
allows the formation of correctly charged Asn-tRNA(Asn) or Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Asp-tRNA(Asn) or Glu-tRNA(Gln) in organisms which lack either or both of asparaginyl-tRNA or glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases; reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated phospho-Asp-tRNA(Asn) or phospho-Glu-tRNA; some Mycoplasma proteins contain an N-terminal fusion to an unknown domain
aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit C
PcrB-like protein; GGGP synthase; member of prenyltransferases that transfer isoprenoid groups to nonisoprenoid acceptors; functions in form GGGP from glycerol-1-phosphate (G-1-P) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP); important in lipid metabolism and especially important as the ether linkages in archaea are different than those in bacteria; GGGP synthase lies at the branch point for membrane lipid biosynthesis; cytosolic; T acidophilum protein acts as a homodimer while M thermoautotrophicum protein has been reported to function as a pentamer
geranylgeranylglyceryl phosphate synthase-like protein
catalyzes the formation of N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide from 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine and glycine in purine biosynthesis
bifunctional phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase
phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
catalyzes the formation of 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-aminoimidazole from 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phosphoribosyl)acetamidine and ATP in purine biosynthesis
Catalyzes first step of the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway
catalyzes the formation of 2-(formamido)-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine from N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide and L-glutamine in purine biosynthesis
phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase II
phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase I
With PurL and PurQ catalyzes the conversion of formylglycinamide ribonucleotide, ATP, and glutamine to formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide, ADP, and glutamate in the fourth step of the purine biosynthetic pathway
phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase subunit PurS
catalyzes the formation of (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4- carboxamido)succinate from 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate and L-aspartate in purine biosynthesis; SAICAR synthase
phosphoribosylaminoimidazole-succinocarboxamide synthase
Catalyzes two discrete reactions in the de novo synthesis of purines: the cleavage of adenylosuccinate and succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide
With PurE catalyzes the conversion of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide to carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide in the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway
phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase ATPase subunit
Catalyzes a step in the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway
phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase catalytic subunit
catalyzes the release of the N-terminal amino acid from a tripeptide
binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA prior to in vitro assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit
IF-3 has several functions that are required and promote translation initiation including; preventing association of 70S by binding to 30S; monitoring codon-anticodon interactions by promoting disassociation of fMet-tRNA(fMet) from initiation complexes formed on leaderless mRNAs or incorrectly bound noninitiatior tRNAs and complexes with noncanonical start sites; stimulates codon-anticodon interactions at P-site; involved in moving mRNA to the P-site; and in recycling subunits
this protein is located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and may play a role in the structure and function of the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site
methylates guanosine-37 in various tRNAs; uses S-adenosyl-L-methionine to transfer methyl group to tRNA
Essential for efficient processing of 16S rRNA
binds to lower part of 30S body where it stabilizes two domains; required for efficient assembly of 30S; in Escherichia coli this protein has nuclease activity
cytoplasmic enzyme involved in processing rRNA and some mRNAs; substrates typically have dsRNA regions; forms a homodimer; have N-terminal nuclease and C-terminal RNA-binding domains; requires magnesium as preferred ion for activity
carries the fatty acid chain in fatty acid biosynthesis
involved in acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate to form 1-acyl-glycerol-3 phosphate for use in phospholipid biosynthesis; functions with PlsY
glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase PlsX
negative regulator of genes involved in fatty acid and phospholipid biosynthesis for gram positive bacteria
fatty acid biosynthesis transcriptional regulator
catalyzes branch migration in Holliday junction intermediates
catalyzes the interconversion of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to xylulose 5-phosphate
EngC; RsgA; CpgA; circularly permuted GTPase; ribosome small subunit-dependent GTPase A; has the pattern G4-G1-G3 as opposed to other GTPases; interacts strongly with 30S ribosome which stimulates GTPase activity
binding of PriA to forked DNA starts the assembly of the primosome, also possesses 3'-5' helicase activity
lmo1826; Promotes RNA polymerase assembly; latches the N- and C-terminal regions of the beta' subunit thereby facilitating its interaction with the beta and alpha subunits
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega
Essential for recycling GMP and indirectly, cGMP
involved in fifth step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate and diphosphate to orotate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate
type 1 subfamily; involved in last step of pyrimidine biosynthesis; converts orotidine 5'-phosphate to UMP and carbon dioxide; OMP decarboxylase; OMPDCase; OMPdecase
catalyzes the conversion of dihydroorotate to orotate in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway, using a flavin nucleotide as an essential cofactor; subclass 1B is a heterotetramer consisting of two PyrDB subunits
dihydroorotate dehydrogenase electron transfer subunit
four CarB-CarA dimers form the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase holoenzyme that catalyzes the production of carbamoyl phosphate; CarB is responsible for the amidotransferase activity
catalyzes production of carbamoyl phosphate from bicarbonate and glutamine in pyrimidine and arginine biosynthesis pathways; forms an octamer composed of four CarAB dimers
carbamoyl phosphate synthase small subunit
catalyzes the formation of N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate from (S)-dihydroorotate in pyrimidine biosynthesis
catalyzes the transfer of the carbamoyl moiety from carbamoyl phosphate to L- aspartate in pyrimidine biosynthesis
regulates pyrimidine biosynthesis by binding to the mRNA of the pyr genes, also has been shown to have uracil phosphoribosyltransferase activity
bifunctional pyrimidine regulatory protein PyrR uracil phosphoribosyltransferase
lipoprotein signal peptidase; integral membrane protein that removes signal peptides from prolipoproteins during lipoprotein biosynthesis
NorM; MdtK; functions as a Na(+)/drug antiporter; inactivation in Vibrio cholerae results in susceptibility to fluoroquinolones
metal ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of ribonucleosides and 2'- deoxyribonucleosides to the free base and (2'-deoxy)ribose-1- phosphate
this stereospecific enzymes reduces the R isomer of methionine sulfoxide while MsrA reduces the S form; provides protection against oxidative stress
this stereospecific enzymes reduces the S isomer of methionine sulfoxide while MsrB reduces the R form; provides protection against oxidative stress
ThyA; catalyzes formation of dTMP and 7,8-dihydrofolate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and dUMP; involved in deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis; there are 2 copies in some Bacilli, one of which appears to be phage-derived
formyl-tetrahydrofolate synthetase C-terminal
involved in manganese homeostasis; activates the transcription of the mntABCD operon
manganese transport transcriptional regulator
Catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoribosyl moiety from 5-phospho--D-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRib-PP) to the 6-oxo-guanine and -xanthine
chromosome replication initiation protein
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an asparagine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
catalyzes the formation of oxalozcetate and L-glutamate from L-aspartate and 2-oxoglutarate
bifunctional ATP-dependent DNA helicase/DNA polymerase III subunit epsilon
Converts L-aspartate to beta-alanine and provides the major route of beta-alanine production in bacteria. Beta-alanine is essential for the biosynthesis of pantothenate (vitamin B5)
catalyzes the formation of (R)-pantothenate from pantoate and beta-alanine
catalyzes the formation of tetrahydrofolate and 2-dehydropantoate from 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase
catalyzes the addition and repair of the 3'-terminal CCA sequence in tRNA; these proteins belong to the CCA-adding enzyme subfamily 2 which does not have phosphohydrolase activity
catalyzes the formation of methylglyoxal from glycerone phosphate
catalyzes the reduction of 2,3-dihydrodipicolinate to 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate in lysine and diaminopimelate biosynthesis
malic enzyme; oxaloacetate-decarboxylating; NAD-dependent; catalyzes the formation of pyruvate form malate
catalyzes the formation of 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate from phosphoenolpyruvate and 3-phosphoshikimate in tryptophan biosynthesis
3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase
catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate from prephenate
catalyzes the formation of L-histidinol phosphate from imidazole-acetol phosphate and glutamate in histidine biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of 3-dehydroquinate from 3-deoxy-arabino-heptulonate 7-phosphate; functions in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of chorismate from 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate in aromatic amino acid biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of nucleoside triphosphate from ATP and nucleoside diphosphate
heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase subunit II
Catalyzes the carbon methylation reaction in the biosynthesis of ubiquinone
ubiquinone/menaquinone biosynthesis methyltransferase
heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase subunit I
involved in the first step of tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis; catalyzes the formation of formate and 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(erythro-1,2, 3-trihydroxypropyl)dihydropteridine triphosphate from GTP and water; forms a homopolymer
catalyzes the NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of glycerol 3-phosphate to glycerone phosphate
NAD(P)H-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
EngA; essential Neisserial GTPase; synchronizes cellular events by interacting with multiple targets with tandem G-domains; overexpression in Escherichia coli suppresses rrmJ mutation; structural analysis of the Thermotoga maritima ortholog shows different nucleotide binding affinities in the two binding domains
in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in binding to the leader sequence of mRNAs and is itself bound to the 30S subunit; autoregulates expression via a C-terminal domain; in most gram negative organisms this protein is composed of 6 repeats of the S1 domain while in gram positive there are 4 repeats; the S1 nucleic acid-binding domain is found associated with other proteins
Catalyzes the formation of (d)CDP from ATP and (d)CMP
functions during chromosome segregation; may form a condensin-like structure with SMC and ScpB
catalyzes the formation of a purine and ribose phosphate from a purine nucleoside; in E. coli this enzyme functions in xanthosine degradation
catalyzes the transfer of phosphate between the C1 and C5 carbons of pentose
ferrichrome ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
2-keto-3-deoxygluconate-6-phosphate aldolase
membrane component; functions with enzymes IIB (sgaB; ulaB) and IIA (sgaA; ulaC) enzyme I and HPr for anaerobic utilization and uptake of L-ascorbate; sgaTBA are regulated by yifQ as well as Crp and Fnr
involved in translesion DNA polymerization with beta clamp of polymerase III; belongs to Y family of polymerases; does not contain proofreading function
catalyzes the formation of D-glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate from D-glucose 6-phosphate
catalyzes the dehydration of 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate to 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate in valine and isoleucine biosynthesis
with IlvI catalyzes the formation of 2-acetolactate from pyruvate, the small subunit is required for full activity and valine sensitivity; E.coli produces 3 isoenzymes of acetolactate synthase which differ in specificity to substrates, valine sensitivity and affinity for cofactors; also known as acetolactate synthase 3 small subunit
catalyzes the formation of (R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate from (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate in valine and isoleucine biosynthesis
catalyzes the formation of 2-isopropylmalate from acetyl-CoA and 2-oxoisovalerate in leucine biosynthesis
catalyzes the oxidation of 3-isopropylmalate to 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate in leucine biosynthesis
dehydratase component, catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate
catalyzes the isomerization between 2-isopropylmalate and 3-isopropylmalate in leucine biosynthesis; forms a heterodimer of LeuC/D
catalyzes the formation of 2-oxobutanoate from L-threonine; biosynthetic
Catalyzes the reversible phosphorolysis of pyrimidines in the nucleotide synthesis salvage pathway
catalyzes the formation of D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and acetaldehyde from 2-deoxy-D-ribose-5-phosphate
catalyzes the formation of 2-acetolactate from pyruvate in stationary phase
involved in lysine biosynthesis; DAP epimerase; produces DL-diaminopimelate from LL-diaminopimelate
IleRS; catalyzes the formation of isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) from isoleucine and tRNA(Ile)
catalyzes the formation of oxaloacetate from L-aspartate
catalyzes the formation of pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate from nictinate D-ribonucleotide
3 different subfamilies; catalyzes the formation of quinolinate from iminoaspartate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate
cell surface protein, internalin proteins
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine--N-acetylmuramyl- (pentapeptide) pyrophosphoryl-undecaprenol N-acetylglucosamine transferase; involved in cell wall formation; inner membrane-associated; last step of peptidoglycan synthesis
UDP-diphospho-muramoylpentapeptide beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanine--D-glutamate ligase; involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis; cytoplasmic; catalyzes the addition of glutamate to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine during cell wall formation
UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate synthetase
First step of the lipid cycle reactions in the biosynthesis of the cell wall peptidoglycan
phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide- transferase
involved in cell wall formation; peptidoglycan synthesis; cytoplasmic enzyme; catalyzes the addition of meso-diaminopimelic acid to the nucleotide precursor UDP-N-aceylmuramoyl-l-alanyl-d-glutamate
UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamate--2, 6-diaminopimelate ligase
ketopantoate reductase; catalyzes the NADPH reduction of ketopantoate to pantoate; functions in pantothenate (vitamin B5) biosynthesis
Catalyzes the conversion of ATP and pantetheine 4'-phosphate to diphosphate and 3'-dephospho-coA
converts protoheme IX and farnesyl diphosphate to heme O
homopentamer; channel that opens in response to pressure or hypoosmotic shock
large-conductance mechanosensitive channel protein
60 kDa chaperone family; promotes refolding of misfolded polypeptides especially under stressful conditions; forms two stacked rings of heptamers to form a barrel-shaped 14mer; ends can be capped by GroES; misfolded proteins enter the barrel where they are refolded when GroES binds; many bacteria have multiple copies of the groEL gene which are active under different environmental conditions; the B.japonicum protein in this cluster is expressed constitutively; in Rhodobacter, Corynebacterium and Rhizobium this protein is essential for growth
10 kDa chaperonin; Cpn10; GroES; forms homoheptameric ring; binds to one or both ends of the GroEL double barrel in the presence of adenine nucleotides capping it; folding of unfolded substrates initiates in a GroEL-substrate bound and capped by GroES; release of the folded substrate is dependent on ATP binding and hydrolysis in the trans ring
modulates transcription in response to the NADH/NAD(+) redox state
redox-sensing transcriptional repressor Rex
DNA-binding/iron metalloprotein/AP endonuclease
may be involved in chromosome condensation; overexpression in Escherichia coli protects against decondensation by camphor; overexpressing the protein results in an increase in supercoiling
catalyzes the formation of 2-N(omega)-(L-arginino)succinate from L-citrulline and L-aspartate in arginine biosynthesis, AMP-forming
catalyzes the formation of arginine from (N-L-arginino)succinate
with PdxT forms pyridoxal 5'-phosphate from glutamine, either ribose 5-phosphate or ribulose 5-phosphate, and either glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate
lmo2102; with PdxST is involved in the biosynthesis of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; PdxT catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia; PdxS utilizes the ammonia to synthesize pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
in Salmonella this enzyme is required for ethanolamine catabolism; has higher affinity for CoA than Pta
N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase
catalyzes the conversion of glucosamine-6-phosphate to glucosamine-1-phosphate
fructose-1,6-biphosphate aldolase type II
An electron-transfer protein; flavodoxin binds one FMN molecule, which serves as a redox-active prosthetic group
B2 or R2 protein; type 1b enzyme; catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis; converts nucleotides to deoxynucleotides; forms a homodimer and then a multimeric complex with NrdE
ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit beta
Catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis
ribonucleotide-diphosphate reductase subunit alpha
sigma-54-dependent transcriptional regulator
Catalyzes the first of the two reduction steps in the elongation cycle of fatty acid synthesis
ferrichrome ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
enables recognition and targeting of proteins for proteolysis, involved in negative regulation of competence
peptide ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a tryptophan molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
FabH; beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase III; catalyzes the condensation of acetyl-CoA with malonyl-ACP to initiate cycles of fatty acid elongation; differs from 3-oxoacyl-(acyl carrier protein) synthase I and II in that it utilizes CoA thioesters as primers rather than acyl-ACPs
protoheme ferro-lyase; catalyzes the insertion of a ferrous ion into protoporphyrin IX to form protoheme; involved in protoheme biosynthesis; in some organisms this protein is membrane-associated while in others it is cytosolic
catalyzes the formation of coproporphyrinogen from uroporphyrinogen III
catalyzes the exonucleic cleavage of mRNA yielding nucleioside 5'-phosphates
class II family (does not require metal); tetrameric enzyme; fumarase C; reversibly converts (S)-malate to fumarate and water; functions in the TCA cycle
catalyzes the conversion of shikimate to 3-dehydroshikimate
ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthase
low-affinity inorganic phosphate transporter
ATP-dependent deoxyribonuclease subunit A
ATP-dependent deoxyribonuclease subunit B
major tail shaft protein [Bacteriophage A118]
terminase large subunit from bacteriophage A118
N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase
functions in sugar metabolism in glycolysis and the Embden-Meyerhof pathways (EMP) and in gluconeogenesis; catalyzes reversible isomerization of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate; member of PGI family
induced by heat shock, salt stress, oxidative stress, glucose limitation and oxygen limitation
catalyzes the formation of 4-phospho-L-aspartate from L-aspartate and ATP; lysine and threonine sensitive
subunit A of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit A
subunit B of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; in the case of S. meliloti it was proved to be involved specifically with K+ transport
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit B
subunit C of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit C
subunit D of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali; contains an oxidoreductase domain; catalyzes the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit D
subunit E of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit E
subunit F of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit F
subunit G of antiporter complex involved in resistance to high concentrations of Na+, K+, Li+ and/or alkali
monovalent cation/H+ antiporter subunit G
part of multienzyme complex composed of H, L, P, and T proteins which catalyzes oxidation of glycine to yield carbon dioxide, ammonia, 5,10-CH2-H4folate and a reduced pyridine nucleotide; protein H is involved in transfer of methylamine group from the P to T protein; covalently bound to a lipoyl cofactor
binds to ssrA RNA (tmRNA) and is required for its successful binding to ribosomes; also appears to function in the trans-translation step by promoting accommodation of tmRNA into the ribosomal A site; SmpB protects the tmRNA from RNase R degradation in Caulobacter crescentus; both the tmRNA and SmpB are regulated in cell cycle-dependent manner; functions in release of stalled ribosomes from damaged mRNAs and targeting proteins for degradation
enolase; catalyzes the formation of phosphoenolpyruvate from 2-phospho-D-glycerate in glycolysis
catalyzes the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate
Reversibly isomerizes the ketone sugar dihydroxyacetone phosphate to the aldehyde sugar glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Converts 3-phospho-D-glycerate to 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate during the glycolysis pathway
catalyzes the formation of 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
sigma factors are initiation factors that promote the attachment of RNA polymerase to specific initiation sites and are then released; sigma 54 factor is responsible for the expression of enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation and metabolism; the rhizobia often have 2 copies of this sigma factor; in Rhizobium etli RpoN1 shown to be involved in the assimilation of several nitrogen and carbon sources during free-living aerobic growth and RpoN2 is involved in symbiotic nitrogen fixation; in Bradyrhizobium both RpoN1 and N2 are functional in free-living and symbiotic conditions, rpoN1 gene was regulated in response to oxygen
catalyzes the reduction of alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones; reduces the nitro group nitroester and nitroaromatic compounds
hydrolyzes pyrophosphate formed during serine-46-phosphorylated HPr dephosphorylation
transfers the N-acyl diglyceride moiety to the prospective N-terminal cysteine in prolipoprotein
prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase
catalyzes the phosphorylation of the phosphocarrier protein HPr of the bacterial phosphotransferase system
The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. UvrA is an ATPase and a DNA-binding protein. A damage recognition complex composed of 2 uvrA and 2 uvrB subunits scans DNA for abnormalities. When the presence of a lesion has been verified by uvrB, the uvrA molecules dissociate
The UvrABC repair system catalyzes the recognition and processing of DNA lesions. The beta-hairpin of the Uvr-B subunit is inserted between the strands, where it probes for the presence of a lesion
ATP-binding protein; PstABCS is an ATP dependent phosphate uptake system which is responsible for inorganic phosphate uptake during phosphate starvation
phosphate ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
phosphate ABC transporter substrate-binding protein
two-component response phosphate regulator
recognizes the termination signals UGA and UAA during protein translation a specificity which is dependent on amino acid residues residing in loops of the L-shaped tRNA-like molecule of RF2; in some organisms control of PrfB protein levels is maintained through a +1 ribosomal frameshifting mechanism
functions in protein export; can interact with acidic membrane phospholipids and the SecYEG protein complex; binds to preproteins; binds to ATP and undergoes a conformational change to promote membrane insertion of SecA/bound preprotein; ATP hydrolysis appears to drive release of the preprotein from SecA and deinsertion of SecA from the membrane; additional proteins SecD/F/YajC aid SecA recycling; exists in an equilibrium between monomers and dimers; may possibly form higher order oligomers; proteins in this cluster correspond SecA1; SecA2 is not essential and seems to play a role in secretion of a subset of proteins
teichoic acid linkage unit synthesis protein
polyglycerol phosphate biosynthesis protein TagA
in Pseudomonas aeruginosa this enzyme is a trimer of dimers; essential for membrane formation; performs third step of type II fatty acid biosynthesis; catalyzes dehydration of (3R)-hydroxyacyl-ACP to trans-2-acyl-ACP
adds enolpyruvyl to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine as a component of cell wall formation; gram-positive bacteria have 2 copies of MurA which are active
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase
part of catalytic core of ATP synthase; alpha(3)beta(3)gamma(1)delta(1)epsilon(1); involved in producing ATP from ADP in the presence of the proton motive force across the membrane
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The beta chain is a regulatory subunit
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. The gamma chain is a regulatory subunit
produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the alpha chain is a catalytic subunit
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane; the delta subunit is part of the catalytic core of the ATP synthase complex
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit B is part of the membrane proton channel.
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit C is part of the membrane proton channel F0
Produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane. Subunit A is part of the membrane proton channel F0
Catalyzes the formation of uracil and 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosy 1-diphosphate from UMP and diphosphate
catalyzes the reaction of glycine with 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate to form L-serine and tetrahydrofolate
tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine biosynthesis protein
recognizes the termination signals UAG and UAA during protein translation a specificity which is dependent on amino acid residues residing in loops of the L-shaped tRNA-like molecule of RF1
catalyzes the formation of thymidine 5'-phosphate from thymidine
catalyzes the formation of O-phospho-L-homoserine from L-homoserine in threonine biosynthesis from asparate
catalyzes the formation of L-threonine from O-phospho-L-homoserine
catalyzes the formation of L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde from L-homoserine
wall teichoic acid glycosylation protein GtcA
An RNA-DNA helicase that actively releases nascent mRNAs from paused transcription complexes
N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol biosynthesis protein
CTP synthase; CTP synthase; cytidine triphosphate synthetase; catalyzes the ATP-dependent amination of UTP to CTP with either L-glutamine or ammonia as the source of nitrogen; in Escherichia coli this enzyme forms a homotetramer
participates in both the initiation and recycling phases of transcription; in the presence of the delta subunit, RNAP displays an increased specificity of transcription, a decreased affinity for nucleic acids, and an increased efficiency of RNA synthesis because of enhanced recycling
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit delta
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging an arginine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA; class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
involved in the production or activity of formate dehydrogenase-H which is active when nitrate is not present during anaerobic growth
forms a direct contact with the tRNA during translation
in Escherichia coli this protein is one of the earliest assembly proteins in the large subunit
mediates pseudouridylation (positions 38, 39, 40) at the tRNA anticodon region which contributes to the structural stability
with CbiNQ forms the ABC transporter for cobalt import; Bacillus spp. have two adjacent copies of this gene
cobalt ABC transporter ATP-binding subunit
cobalt ABC transporter ATP-binding protein
is a component of the macrolide binding site in the peptidyl transferase center
catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Dimerization of the alpha subunit is the first step in the sequential assembly of subunits to form the holoenzyme
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alpha
located on the platform of the 30S subunit, it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA; forms part of the Shine-Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome; interacts with S7 and S18 and IF-3
located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA; makes contact with the large subunit via RNA-protein interactions and via protein-protein interactions with L5; contacts P-site tRNA
smallest protein in the large subunit; the protein from Thermus thermophilus has a zinc-binding motif and contains a bound zinc ion; the proteins in this group have the motif
stimulates the activities of the other two initiation factors, IF-2 and IF-3
essential enzyme that recycles AMP in active cells; converts ATP and AMP to two molecules of ADP
forms heterotrimeric complex in the membrane; in bacteria the complex consists of SecY which forms the channel pore and SecE and SecG; the SecG subunit is not essential; in bacteria translocation is driven via the SecA ATPase
L30 binds domain II of the 23S rRNA and the 5S rRNA
located at the back of the 30S subunit body where it stabilizes the conformation of the head with respect to the body; contacts S4 and S8; with S4 and S12 plays a role in translational accuracy; mutations in this gene result in spectinomycin resistance
binds 5S rRNA along with protein L5 and L25
ribosomal protein L6 appears to have arisen as a result of an ancient gene duplication as based on structural comparison of the Bacillus stearothermophilus protein; RNA-binding appears to be in the C-terminal domain; mutations in the L6 gene confer resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin and these occur in truncations of the C-terminal domain; it has been localized to a region between the base of the L7/L12 stalk and the central protuberance
binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit
part of 50S and 5S/L5/L18/L25 subcomplex; contacts 5S rRNA and P site tRNA; forms a bridge to the 30S subunit in the ribosome by binding to S13
assembly initiator protein; binds to 5' end of 23S rRNA and nucleates assembly of the 50S; surrounds polypeptide exit tunnel
binds to the 23S rRNA between the centers for peptidyl transferase and GTPase
primary binding protein; helps mediate assembly; involved in translation fidelity
one of the stabilizing components for the large ribosomal subunit
forms a complex with S10 and S14; binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head and the mRNA in the complete ribosome to position it for translation
binds specifically to 23S rRNA during the early stages of 50S assembly; makes contact with all 6 domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome; mutations in this gene result in erythromycin resistance; located near peptidyl-transferase center
protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA
one of the primary rRNA-binding proteins; required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation
binds third domain of 23S rRNA and protein L29; part of exit tunnel
L4 is important during the early stages of 50S assembly; it initially binds near the 5' end of the 23S rRNA
binds directly near the 3' end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit; essential for peptidyltransferase activity; mutations in this gene confer resistance to tiamulin
NusE; involved in assembly of the 30S subunit; in the ribosome, this protein is involved in the binding of tRNA; in Escherichia coli this protein was also found to be involved in transcription antitermination; NusB/S10 heterodimers bind boxA sequences in the leader RNA of rrn operons which is required for antitermination; binding of NusB/S10 to boxA nucleates assembly of the antitermination complex
PTS system ascorbate transporter subunit IIC
EF-Tu; promotes GTP-dependent binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A-site of ribosomes during protein biosynthesis; when the tRNA anticodon matches the mRNA codon, GTP hydrolysis results; the inactive EF-Tu-GDP leaves the ribosome and release of GDP is promoted by elongation factor Ts; many prokaryotes have two copies of the gene encoding EF-Tu
EF-G; promotes GTP-dependent translocation of the ribosome during translation; many organisms have multiple copies of this gene
binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit
interacts with and stabilizes bases of the 16S rRNA that are involved in tRNA selection in the A site and with the mRNA backbone; located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits, it traverses the body of the 30S subunit contacting proteins on the other side; mutations in the S12 gene confer streptomycin resistance
dGTPase type 3 subfamily, presumably hydrolyzes dGTP to deoxyguanosine and triphosphate
deoxyguanosinetriphosphate triphosphohydrolase
One of the components of the high-affinity ATP-driven potassium transport (or KDP) system, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of hydrogen and potassium ions
cell wall hydrolase; muramidase-2 like protein in Enterococcus faecalis; in Enterococcus faecalis a mutant in this gene has no effect on virulence in mouse models; Listeria monocytogenes MurA in involved in general autolysis; contains an N-terminal muramidase domain and C-terminal LysM repeats for cell wall-anchoring
catalyzes the reversible phosphoryl transfer from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to thymidine monophosphate (dTMP) to form thymidine diphosphate (dTDP)
with DhaL and DhaM forms dihydroxyacetone kinase, which is responsible for phosphorylating dihydroxyacetone; DhaK is the dihydroxyacetone binding subunit of the dihydroxyacetone kinase
involved in a recombinational process of DNA repair, independent of the recBC complex
cytochrome D ubiquinol oxidase subunit II
cytochrome D ubiquinol oxidase subunit I
Modulates the activities of several enzymes which are inactive in their acetylated form
catalyzes a two-step reaction, first charging a serine molecule by linking its carboxyl group to the alpha-phosphate of ATP, followed by transfer of the aminoacyl-adenylate to its tRNA
decatenates replicating daughter chromosomes
Synthesizes glutathione from L-glutamate and L-cysteine via gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
bifunctional glutamate--cysteine ligase/glutathione synthetase
beta-glucoside-specific phosphotransferase enzyme II ABC component
Converts N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate to N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate
N-acetylmannosamine-6-phosphate 2-epimerase
glucose-inhibited division protein B; SAM-dependent methyltransferase; methylates the N7 position of guanosine in position 527 of 16S rRNA
GidA; glucose-inhibited cell division protein A; involved in the 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification (mnm(5)s(2)U) of the wobble uridine base in some tRNAs
tRNA uridine 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl modification enzyme GidA
in Escherichia coli this protein is involved in the biosynthesis of the hypermodified nucleoside 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, which is found in the wobble position of some tRNAs and affects ribosomal frameshifting; shows potassium-dependent dimerization and GTP hydrolysis; also involved in regulation of glutamate-dependent acid resistance and activation of gadE
amino-terminal domain-containing protein
catalyzes the formation of 3-phosphonooxypyruvate and glutamate from O-phospho-L-serine and 2-oxoglutarate; required both in major phosphorylated pathway of serine biosynthesis and in the biosynthesis of pyridoxine
catalyzes the formation of L-rhamnulose from L-rhamnose
protein component of RNaseP which catalyzes the removal of the 5'-leader sequence from pre-tRNA to produce the mature 5'terminus; this enzyme also cleaves other RNA substrates
in Escherichia coli transcription of this gene is enhanced by polyamines