MODEL1008060002
type: SBMLModel
units def: metaid_0000074
reaction: 393285
units def: metaid_0000072
parameter: 393316
length unit: 821056
parameter: 393318
parameter: 393308
is described by: ISBN:1607413477
name: Munz2009 - Zombie SIZRQ
rule: 393306
parameter: 393311
units def: metaid_0000071
curated: false
reaction: 393290
reaction: 393292
substance units: metaid_0000071
parameter: 393315
species: 393282
species: 393280
notes: Munz2009 - Zombie SIZRQ This is the model with latent infection and quarantine described in the article. This model was originally created by libAntimony v1.4 (using libSBML 3.4.1). This model is described in the article: When zombies attack!: Mathematical modelling of an outbreak of zombie infection P. Munz, I. Hudea, J. Imad and R.J. Smith? Infectious Disease Modelling Research Progress 2009, chapter 4, pp 133-150. Editors: Jean Michel Tchuenche and C. Chiyaka; Nova Science Publishers, Inc., NY, USA. Abstract: Zombies are a popular figure in pop culture/entertainment and they are usually portrayed as being brought about through an outbreak or epidemic. Consequently, we model a zombie attack, using biological assumptions based on popular zombie movies. We introduce a basic model for zombie infection, determine equilibria and their stability, and illustrate the outcome with numerical solutions. We then refine the model to introduce a latent period of zombification, whereby humans are infected, but not infectious, before becoming undead. We then modify the model to include the effects of possible quarantine or a cure. Finally, we examine the impact of regular, impulsive reductions in the number of zombies and derive conditions under which eradication can occur. We show that only quick, aggressive attacks can stave off the doomsday scenario: the collapse of society as zombies overtake us all. This model is hosted on BioModels Database and identified by: MODEL1008060002 . To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models . To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide. Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information.
area units: 237671
reaction: 393297
time units: metaid_0000072
reaction: 393289
parameter: 393310
reaction: 393294
volume units: 290956
species: 393283
parameter: 393314
reaction: 393296
reaction: 393286
reaction: 393288
parameter: 393319
units def: metaid_0000075
initial assignment: MODEL1008060002#
units def: metaid_0000073
species: 393284
parameter: 393320
parameter: 393312
reaction: 393293
compartment: 393278
species: 393279

metaid_0000074
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 862903
unit: 862891
name: per day per thousand individuals

862903
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 3
multipler: 1.0
kind: ITEM

862891
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 86400.0
kind: SECOND

393285
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 862963
product: 862951
fast: false
reversible: false

862951
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393279

393279
type: Species
constant: false
boundary condition: false
has only substance units: true
initial concentration: NaN
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 393278
name: Susceptible

393278
type: Compartment
constant: true
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0
name: environment

metaid_0000072
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 862867
name: days

862867
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 86400.0
kind: SECOND

393316
type: Parameter
notes: deathrate of quarantined
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 1.0E-4

metaid_0000073
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 862879
name: per day

862879
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 86400.0
kind: SECOND

393318
type: Parameter
notes: rate of zombification
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 0.05

393308
type: Parameter
constant: true
units: metaid_0000071
value: 500.0
name: starting Population

metaid_0000071
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 862855
name: individuals(thousands)

862855
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 3
multipler: 1.0
kind: ITEM

393311
type: Parameter
notes: background death rate
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 1.0E-4

393290
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863121
product: 863108
reactant: 863096
fast: false
reversible: false

863108
type: SpeciesReference
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species: 393284

393284
type: Species
constant: false
boundary condition: false
has only substance units: true
initial concentration: 0.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 393278
name: Quarantined

863096
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393282

393282
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constant: false
boundary condition: false
has only substance units: true
initial concentration: 0.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 393278
name: Zombie

393292
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863157
product: 863145
reactant: 863133
fast: false
reversible: false

863145
type: SpeciesReference
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species: 393283

393283
type: Species
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boundary condition: false
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initial concentration: 0.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 393278
name: Removed

863133
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393284

393315
type: Parameter
notes: quarantine rate for zombies
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 1.0E-4

393280
type: Species
constant: false
boundary condition: false
has only substance units: true
initial concentration: 0.0
initial amount: NaN
in compartment: 393278
name: Infected

393297
type: Reaction
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modifier: 863303
product: 863291
reactant: 863279
fast: false
reversible: false

863291
type: SpeciesReference
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species: 393283

863279
type: SpeciesReference
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species: 393282

393289
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863084
product: 863072
reactant: 863060
fast: false
reversible: false

863072
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393284

863060
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393280

393310
type: Parameter
constant: false
units: metaid_0000075
value: NaN

metaid_0000075
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unit: 862915
name: thousand individuals per day

862927
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kind: ITEM

862915
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scale: 0
multipler: 86400.0
kind: SECOND

393294
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kinetic law: 863230
product: 863218
reactant: 863205
fast: false
reversible: false

863218
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393282

863205
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393280

393314
type: Parameter
notes: quarantine rate for infected
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 1.0E-4

393296
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863267
product: 863254
reactant: 863242
fast: false
reversible: false

863254
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393282

863242
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393283

393286
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 862999
product: 862987
reactant: 862975
fast: false
reversible: false

862987
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393283

862975
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393279

393288
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863048
modifier: 863036
product: 863023
reactant: 863011
fast: false
reversible: false

863023
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393280

863011
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393279

393319
type: Parameter
notes: rate of undead resurrection
constant: true
units: metaid_0000073
value: 1.0E-4

393320
type: Parameter
notes: rate of zombie destruction
constant: true
units: metaid_0000074
value: 0.005

393312
type: Parameter
notes: rate of zombie bites
constant: true
units: metaid_0000074
value: 0.0095

393293
type: Reaction
kinetic law: 863193
product: 863181
reactant: 863169
fast: false
reversible: false

863181
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393283

863169
type: SpeciesReference
stoichiometry: 1.0
species: 393280