MODEL1006230119
type: SBMLModel
volume units: 290956
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: The University of Auckland
  n:
    given: Paul
    family: Harrington
parameter: 077723
rule: 077643
parameter: 077729
parameter: 077660
parameter: 077711
parameter: 077678
rule: 077649
parameter: 077717
rule: 077641
parameter: 077666
units def: 740525
parameter: 077708
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Wed Jun 23 18:04:38 BST 2010
substance units: 178797
rule: 077655
parameter: 077657
compartment: 077638
parameter: 077699
area units: 237671
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Wed Jun 23 18:04:38 BST 2010
parameter: 077720
parameter: 077687
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/18049823
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: The University of Auckland
  n:
    given: Paul
    family: Harrington
rule: 077642
curated: false
parameter: 077705
created:
  W3 CDTF: Wed Jun 23 18:04:38 BST 2010
parameter: 077690
units def: 740621
parameter: 077696
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Wed Jun 23 18:04:38 BST 2010
rule: 077646
units def: 740561
parameter: 077684
parameter: 077672
parameter: 077726
name: Siebert2008_MuscleContraction_CC
length unit: 821056
units def: 740585
units def: 740501
parameter: 077675
parameter: 077714
parameter: 077663
parameter: 077702
parameter: 077669
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: The University of Auckland
  n:
    given: Paul
    family: Harrington
notes: This a model from the article: Nonlinearities make a difference: comparison of two common Hill-type models with real muscle. Siebert T, Rode C, Herzog W, Till O, Blickhan R. Biol Cybern 2008 Feb;98(2):133-43 18049823 , Abstract: Compared to complex structural Huxley-type models, Hill-type models phenomenologically describe muscle contraction using only few state variables. The Hill-type models dominate in the ever expanding field of musculoskeletal simulations for simplicity and low computational cost. Reasonable parameters are required to gain insight into mechanics of movement. The two most common Hill-type muscle models used contain three components. The series elastic component is connected in series to the contractile component. A parallel elastic component is either connected in parallel to both the contractile and the series elastic component (model [CC+SEC]), or is connected in parallel only with the contractile component (model [CC]). As soon as at least one of the components exhibits substantial nonlinearities, as, e.g., the contractile component by the ability to turn on and off, the two models are mechanically different. We tested which model ([CC+SEC] or [CC]) represents the cat soleus better. Ramp experiments consisting of an isometric and an isokinetic part were performed with an in situ cat soleus preparation using supramaximal nerve stimulation. Hill-type models containing force-length and force-velocity relationship, excitation-contraction coupling and series and parallel elastic force-elongation relations were fitted to the data. To test which model might represent the muscle better, the obtained parameters were compared with experimentally determined parameters. Determined in situations with negligible passive force, the force-velocity relation and the series elastic component relation are independent of the chosen model. In contrast to model [CC+SEC], these relations predicted by model [CC] were in accordance with experimental relations. In conc…
parameter: 077693
parameter: 077681
time units: 722430
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name: L_cc

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name: A

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name: L_2

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name: f_sec

077678
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value: 0.0064
name: k_1

077717
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value: 4.1
name: delta_L_sec1

077666
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value: 14.0
name: L_4

740525
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name: mm_per_second

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077708
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name: f_L

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constant: true
value: -24.0
name: L_1

077638
type: Compartment
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0

077699
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constant: true
value: 0.065
name: tau

077720
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 8.2
name: k

077687
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 2.9
name: d_LSEC1

077705
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constant: false
value: NaN
name: f_v

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value: 2.5
name: k_sh

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name: mm_newton_per_second

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740561
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740573
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name: F_1

077672
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740609
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740513
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name: curv

077714
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077663
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constant: true
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name: L_3

077702
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077669
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constant: true
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name: f_c

077693
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constant: true
value: 2.6
name: L_m

077681
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.414
name: k_2