MODEL1006230101
type: SBMLModel
parameter: 208319
parameter: 208476
rule: 208171
parameter: 208483
parameter: 208296
parameter: 208408
rule: 207979
parameter: 208320
parameter: 208300
rule: 208040
rule: 207999
parameter: 208327
rule: 208172
parameter: 208503
rule: 208015
parameter: 208491
parameter: 208352
rule: 208147
rule: 208027
parameter: 208307
parameter: 208464
rule: 208159
rule: 207983
notes: This a model from the article: The canine virtual ventricular wall: a platform for dissecting pharmacological effects on propagation and arrhythmogenesis. Benson AP, Aslanidi OV, Zhang H, Holden AV. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2008 Jan-Apr;96(1-3):187-208 17915298 , Abstract: We have constructed computational models of canine ventricular cells and tissues, ultimately combining detailed tissue architecture and heterogeneous transmural electrophysiology. The heterogeneity is introduced by modifying the Hund-Rudy canine cell model in order to reproduce experimentally reported electrophysiological properties of endocardial, midmyocardial (M) and epicardial cells. These models are validated against experimental data for individual ionic current and action potential characteristics, and their rate dependencies. 1D and 3D heterogeneous virtual tissues are constructed, with detailed tissue architecture (anisotropy and orthotropy, due to fibre orientation and sheet structure) of the left ventricular wall wedge extracted from a diffusion tensor imaging data set. The models are used to study the effects of tissue heterogeneity and class III drugs on transmural propagation and tissue vulnerability to re-entry. We have determined relationships between the transmural dispersion of action potential duration (APD) and the vulnerable window in the 1D virtual ventricular wall, and demonstrated how changes in the transmural heterogeneity, and hence tissue vulnerability, can lead to generation of re-entry in the 3D ventricular wedge. Two class III drugs with opposite qualitative effects on transmural APD heterogeneity are considered: d-sotalol that increases transmural APD dispersion, and amiodarone that decreases it. Simulations with the 1D virtual ventricular wall show that under d-sotalol conditions the vulnerable window is substantially wider compared to amiodarone conditions, primarily in the epicardial region where unidirectional conduction block persists until the adjacent M cells are…
rule: 208123
parameter: 208471
parameter: 208284
parameter: 208528
rule: 208047
substance units: 178797
rule: 208179
parameter: 208335
parameter: 208360
rule: 208052
parameter: 208315
parameter: 208499
rule: 208099
parameter: 208340
parameter: 208292
rule: 207960
rule: 208160
parameter: 208198
rule: 208075
parameter: 208479
rule: 208048
parameter: 208516
rule: 208024
rule: 208156
rule: 207955
rule: 207967
parameter: 208323
parameter: 208368
parameter: 208218
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/17915298
parameter: 208375
parameter: 208303
parameter: 208243
parameter: 208487
parameter: 208348
parameter: 208280
rule: 207972
rule: 208003
parameter: 208186
rule: 208135
parameter: 208419
rule: 208036
rule: 208168
rule: 207968
parameter: 208500
units def: 657944
parameter: 208331
rule: 208140
units def: 658233
parameter: 208311
rule: 208055
rule: 207988
units def: 658149
parameter: 208356
rule: 208067

208319
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 7.24074E-6
name: xr

208476
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CaMKbound

208483
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: ro

208296
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dpss

208408
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 5.0E-4
name: kmpca

208320
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: xrss

208300
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fca2ss

208327
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: gks

208503
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 15.0
name: nsrmax

208491
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.7E-4
name: dKmPLBmax

208352
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: by3

208307
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ICaL

208464
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: riss

208471
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.05
name: CaMK0

208284
type: Parameter
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value: NaN
name: dss

208528
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: Ca_jsr

208335
type: Parameter
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name: xs2

208360
type: Parameter
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value: NaN
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208315
type: Parameter
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name: gkr

208499
type: Parameter
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name: iupmax

208340
type: Parameter
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value: NaN
name: rv

208292
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208198
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: caiont

208479
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CaMKactive

208516
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 9.8443E-6
name: CTNaClmax

208323
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: tauxr

208368
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: sigma

208218
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vmito

208375
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ca_i_NaCa

208303
type: Parameter
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value: NaN
name: taufca

208243
type: Parameter
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value: NaN
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208487
type: Parameter
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208348
type: Parameter
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208280
type: Parameter
constant: true
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name: gacao

208186
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.8
name: Ca_o

208419
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Ito2_max

208500
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value: 9.2E-4
name: Kmup

657944
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657956
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208331
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658233
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658257
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658245
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208311
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name: bk1

658149
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658173
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658161
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208356
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name: ydv2

208206
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.01
name: l

208363
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: kmnai

208194
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0
name: tissue

208231
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1000.0
name: stim_period

208475
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.15
name: KmCaMK

208336
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKs

208539
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.07
name: tbar

208388
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 87.5
name: KmNao

208407
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0575
name: ibarpca

208214
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Acap

208371
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constant: false
value: NaN
name: fnak

208344
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constant: false
value: NaN
name: by

657992
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name: uF

658004
type: SBMLUnit
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scale: -6
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kind: FARAD

208351
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ay3

208239
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: past

208182
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 96485.0
name: F

208396
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom1

208527
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 1.2131666E-4
name: Ca_i

208219
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vsr

208376
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.25E-4
name: KmCa

208189
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 140.0
name: Na_o

208548
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bmyo

208202
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
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208379
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value: NaN
name: allo

208416
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constant: false
value: 8.16605172E-4
name: AA

208247
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constant: false
value: 0.001356538159
name: m

208332
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constant: false
value: 0.019883138161
name: xs1

208359
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.829206149767
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208209
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constant: true
value: 0.0011
name: a

208227
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: AF

208384
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.35
name: eta

208197
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: -85.781844107117
name: V

208279
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: gacai

208511
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: itr

208210
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vcell

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208536
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.00238
name: kmc

208367
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.61875
name: ibarnak

208404
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKp

208217
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vmyo

208235
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: -20.0
name: stim_amplitude

208392
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.3
name: KmCao

657800
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name: ms

657812
type: SBMLUnit
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kind: SECOND

208347
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constant: false
value: NaN
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208287
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: taud

208372
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INaK

208185
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 5.4
name: K_o

208399
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom2

208267
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 8.98230672628
name: dp

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

208544
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: csqnbar

208412
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ICab

208355
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.013970786703
name: ydv

208524
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 15.59207157178
name: Cl_i

657920
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name: uL

657932
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: -6
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kind: LITRE

208223
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vjsr

658064
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 658101
unit: 658088
unit: 658076
name: mJ_per_mole_K

658101
type: SBMLUnit
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scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: KELVIN

658088
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kind: MOLE

658076
type: SBMLUnit
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scale: -3
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kind: JOULE

208205
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: clont

658016
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 658028
name: cm

658028
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: -2
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE

657968
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 657980
name: per_mV

657980
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: -3
multipler: 1.0
kind: VOLT

208380
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 4.5
name: NCXmax

208193
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0374358835078
name: FonRT

208275
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.992234519148
name: f2

208387
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 12.3
name: KmNai

208255
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ah

208532
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 1.2271265E-4
name: Ca_ss

208559
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bss

208400
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: denom3

208213
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ageo

208427
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 2.25E-4
name: GClb

208512
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 12.972433387269
name: Na_i

208343
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ay

208283
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ibarca

208181
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: NaN
name: time

657824
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 657836
name: per_ms

657836
type: SBMLUnit
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multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND

208395
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: num

208263
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INa

658356
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 658392
unit: 658380
unit: 658368
name: L_per_F_ms

658392
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kind: SECOND

658380
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658368
type: SBMLUnit
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208540
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value: 0.05
name: cbar

208520
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CTKCl

208547
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bcsqn

208201
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: naiont

208228
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0
name: stim_offset

208415
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 4.0E-7
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658040
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 658052
name: cm2

658052
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208271
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constant: false
value: 0.97836624923
name: fca

208383
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.27
name: ksat

208251
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: am

208555
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.124
name: BSLmax

208190
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 100.0
name: Cl_o

208423
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.1502
name: Kmto2

208236
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: i_Stim

657848
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unit: 657860
name: uA_per_uF

657872
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kind: FARAD

657860
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scale: -6
multipler: 1.0
kind: AMPERE

208535
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 5.0E-4
name: kmt

208403
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INaCa

658185
type: SBMLUnitsDef
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unit: 658209
unit: 658197
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658221
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658209
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658197
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kind: MOLE

208448
type: Parameter
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name: EK

208391
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0036
name: KmCai

658269
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name: uF_per_cm2

658294
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kind: METRE

658282
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208428
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name: IClb

208259
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: aj

208543
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.8
name: kmcsqn

208411
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: IpCa

208224
type: Parameter
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name: vss

208456
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dro_inf

208523
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 7.0756E-6
name: CTKClmax

208276
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 2.43E-4
name: pca

208436
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: amL

208551
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.047
name: BSRmax

208299
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fcass

208232
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 3.0
name: stim_duration

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

208531
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 1.832822335168
name: Ca_nsr

208444
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.01833
name: prnak

208556
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0087
name: KmBSL

208264
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 1.64013E-6
name: d

208508
type: Parameter
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658404
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658416
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208496
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constant: false
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name: dJup

208424
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: Ito2

208220
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: vnsr

208452
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: ECl

208272
type: Parameter
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value: 0.893052931249
name: fca2

208432
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name: mL

208459
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: dtau_rel_max

208252
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: bm

208484
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: ri

208439
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: bmL

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208295
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208440
type: Parameter
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name: hLss

208467
type: Parameter
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name: tauri

208328
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208504
type: Parameter
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208260
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: bj

208552
type: Parameter
constant: true
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name: KmBSR

208492
type: Parameter
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name: dJupmax

208420
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: AAss

208447
type: Parameter
constant: false
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name: ENa

208308
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ak1

208240
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: GNa

208472
type: Parameter
constant: true
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name: Km

ORG:
  orgname: University of Auckland
n:
  given: Catherine
  family: Lloyd

208455
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Grel

208316
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: r

208268
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.999961508634
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208519
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 135.469546216758
name: K_i

208480
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.021123704774
name: CaMKtrap

208435
type: Parameter
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value: 0.26130711759
name: hL

208248
type: Parameter
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value: 0.991924983076
name: J

657884
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name: mS_per_uF

657908
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kind: FARAD

657896
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kind: SIEMENS

208460
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dtau_rel

208291
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: f2ss

207908
type: Compartment
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0

208463
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ross

208324
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IKr

208304
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: taufca2

208443
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: INal

208256
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: bh

208488
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: cafac

208507
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ileak

208495
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: dKmPLB

208468
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: irelcicr

208288
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: fss

658307
type: SBMLUnitsDef
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unit: 658319
name: uF_mole_per_C

658343
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658331
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kind: MOLE

658319
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658113
type: SBMLUnitsDef
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name: C_per_mole

658137
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kind: MOLE

658125
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kind: COULOMB

208451
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: EKs

208312
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: IK1

208339
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.19
name: gitodv

208515
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: CTNaCl

208364
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.5
name: kmko

208431
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0065
name: GNaL

208244
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.987317750543
name: H

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010

W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 14:50:12 BST 2010