MODEL1006230032
type: SBMLModel
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The Auckland University
  n:
    given: Geoffrey
    family: Nunns
parameter: 092045
parameter: 092061
notes: This a model from the article: Constancy and variability of contractile efficiency as a function of calcium and cross-bridge kinetics: simulation. Yamaguchi H, Takaki M, Matsubara H, Yasuhara S, Suga H. Am J Physiol 1996 Apr;270(4 Pt 2):H1501-8 8967394 , Abstract: We simulated myocardial Ca2+ (Ca) and cross-bridge (CB) kinetics to get insight into the experimentally observed constancy and variability of cardiac contractile efficiency in generating total mechanical energy under various inotropic and pathological conditions. The simulation consisted of a Ca transient, Ca association and dissociation rate constants of troponin C, and CB on and off rate constants. We evaluated sarcomere isometric twitch contractions at a constant muscle length. We assumed that each CB cycle hydrolyzes one ATP and that the force-length area (FLA) quantifies the total mechanical energy generated by CB cycles in a twitch contraction. FLA is a linear version of pressure-volume area, which quantifies the total mechanical energy of cardiac twitch contraction and correlates linearly with cardiac oxygen consumption (H. Suga, Physiol. Rev. 70: 247-277, 1990). The simulation shows that the contractile efficiency varies with changes in the Ca transient and Ca and CB kinetics except when they simultaneously speed up or slow down proportionally. These results point to possible mechanisms underlying the constancy and variability of cardiac contractile efficiency. This model was taken from the CellML repository and automatically converted to SBML. The original model was: Yamaguchi H, Takaki M, Matsubara H, Yasuhara S, Suga H. (1996) - version=1.0 The original CellML model was created by: Geoffrey Nunns gnunns1@jhu.edu The University of Auckland This model originates from BioModels Database: A Database of Annotated Published Models (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/). It is copyright (c) 2005-2011 The BioModels.net Team. To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights t…
rule: 092016
substance units: 178797
parameter: 092043
parameter: 092063
parameter: 092025
volume units: 290956
length unit: 076409
parameter: 092028
parameter: 092069
parameter: 092053
parameter: 092073
parameter: 092034
rule: 092006
is described by: http://identifiers.org/pubmed/8967394
units def: 359764
units def: 359715
parameter: 092055
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The Auckland University
  n:
    given: Geoffrey
    family: Nunns
compartment: 092001
parameter: 092071
curated: false
parameter: 092032
parameter: 092041
parameter: 092026
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 13:41:33 BST 2010
units def: 359836
rule: 092020
time units: 348411
units def: 359812
rule: 092009
rule: 092007
parameter: 092065
rule: 092012
rule: 092022
parameter: 092030
rule: 092010
parameter: 092049
parameter: 092047
parameter: 092067
parameter: 092051
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 13:41:33 BST 2010
creator:
  ORG:
    orgname: Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The Auckland University
  n:
    given: Geoffrey
    family: Nunns
rule: 092005
parameter: 092059
created:
  W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 13:41:33 BST 2010
area units: 291053
parameter: 092057
parameter: 092077
rule: 092014
parameter: 092038
parameter: 092040
modified:
  W3 CDTF: Fri Jun 25 13:41:33 BST 2010
rule: 092018
rule: 092023
name: Yamaguchi1996_MyocardialCa2
parameter: 092075
parameter: 092036

092045
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: CB_on

092061
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: L

092043
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: TnCa

092063
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.0
name: L_0

092025
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: NaN
name: t

092028
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 40.0
name: k_1

092069
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ATP_energy

092053
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: FTI

092073
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: CumCB_on_end

092034
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: g

359764
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 359800
unit: 359788
unit: 359776
name: energy

359800
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND

359788
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 2.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE

359776
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 3
multipler: 1.0
kind: GRAM

359715
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 359751
unit: 359739
unit: 359727
name: force

359751
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND

359739
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE

359727
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 3
multipler: 1.0
kind: GRAM

092055
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: FLA

092001
type: Compartment
constant: true
units: litre
size: 1.0
spatial dimensions: 3.0

092071
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: epsilon

092032
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 10.0
name: f

092041
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Ca_t

092026
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.1
name: D_Ca

359836
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 359861
unit: 359849
name: second_per_meter

359861
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: 1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND

359849
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: METRE

359812
type: SBMLUnitsDef
unit: 359824
name: per_second

359824
type: SBMLUnit
exponent: -1.0
scale: 0
multipler: 1.0
kind: SECOND

092065
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 0.228
name: F_max

092030
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 20.0
name: k_2

092049
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: CumCB_off

092047
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: 0.0
name: CumCB_on

092067
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: ATP

092051
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: F

092059
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: s

092057
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: phi

092077
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Economy

092038
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: Total_Tn

092040
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: Total_CB

092075
type: Parameter
constant: false
value: NaN
name: Efficiency

092036
type: Parameter
constant: true
value: 1.0
name: Ca_max